500 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. dious boarding-hall is built in the immediate vicinity of the college, which, together with the residences of the professors, and a neat church, now approaching completion, gives to the location a lively and pleasant appearance. It forms, in fact, a pleasant little suburb of the city, presenting, however, all the advantages of a quiet rural life. The university building is sixty by one hundred and seventy feet in size, and affords ample accommodations for students, lecture-rooms, society-halls, and everything necessary to such an institution. There are, at the present time, seventy-six students in attendance. The faculty consists of Rev. Wm. F. Lehmann, president and professor of German language and literature; Rev. E. Schmid, A. M., secretary and professor of Greek and history; Rev. M. Loy, A. M., professor of mental and moral sciences; Rev. C. H. L. Schnette, A. M., professor of mathematics; Rev. Theo. Mees, professor of Hebrew and principal of the preparatory department ; Rev. C. A. Frank, professor of Latin. CHURCHES. A frame meeting-house was erected many years ago—and is still standing—on the old Mooberry farm, now owned by Mr. Shoaf It was used a number of years by the Presbyterians, the Rev. Dr. Hoge being the first preacher. The erection of the Evangelical Lutheran church, across the road from Capital university, was commenced in 1873, and at this writing is not fully completed. It is a neat brick edifice, and will cost ten thousand dollars. The church society was organized in 1878, by the Revs. W. F. Lehmann and C. A. Frank, of the university. The membership is now about fifty. MILLS. The first mill on Alum creek, in this township, was a saw-mill erected by David Nelson, the elder, about the year I820, where the Nelson grist-mill now stands. It was run for many years, when it was removed and the grist-mill, erected by David Nelson, jr., or rather the back part of the mill was then erected, the front part having been built afterward. The mill was weather-boarded with walnut, and much of the inside work consisted of the same material. Black walnut timber was very abundant in the township, in former years. The mill still remains in the family. The grist-mill of Samuel Eberly, located on Alum creek, in the southeast part of the township, was built by his father, Jacob Eberly, about forty years ago. He established at the same place, before the erection of the grist-mill, a saw-mill and a still-house, of which Adam Earhart was the builder. STARCH FACTORY. In 1843, Messrs. C. Colgate and Julius J. Wood established the starch factory south of Columbus. In 1846, Colgate disposed of his interest to Sumner Clark, and the business was continued by Clark & Wood until 1849, when Wood bought out Clark's. interest, and the business was carried on by Mr. Wood alone, until the first of March, 1878, when a stock company, with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, and Mr. Wood as president, was organized. In 1852, the establishment was destroyed by fire, but was soon– after rebuilt. The factory uses five hundred bushels of corn a day, and gives employment to one hundred hands. THE REVOLVING SCRAPER COMPANY, in the northeast part of the city, was organized December I I, 1873, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars. The officers chosen at that time were: Theodore Leonard, president; James Watson, vice-president; F. A. Jacobs, secretary and treasurer; Addison Watson, superintendent. The present officers are as follows: James Kilbourne, president; W. M. Kurtz, secretary; Otway Watson, treasurer. The company are doing an extensive business in the manufacture of scrapers, plows, and wheel-barrows, giving employment to a large number of hands. COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME. This institution is located in this township, and was founded in the spring of 1878. The home comprises thirty-two acres of ground, which were purchased by the county commissioner, of B. W. Rees, at a cost of fifteen thousand dollars. The building, which, at this writing, is not yet completed, is a very large brick structure, erected by Messrs. Johnson & Kremer, architects, of Columbus. It will cost, when finished, about forty-five thousand dollars, and will furnish accommodation for over three hundred children. The home is expected to be ready for occupation about the middle of December, when the children now at the Home for the Friendless, on East Friend street, will be turned over to the county, and placed in the new institution. October 31, 1879, the county commissioner appointed J. H. Outhwaite, Isaac Eberly and William E. Horn, trustees of the children's home, the appointments to date from March 1, 188o, and to be for one, two, and three years. At this writing, a superintendent for the institution has not been appointed. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS.* The first election for township officers, after the organ- ization of the new township of Marion, was held in the spring of .1873, at Circle's school-house, when the following officers were chosen : John J. Nelson, clerk; Philo B. Watkins, Robert N. Livingston, and — Dague, trustees; Samuel Eberly, treasurer; John H. Earhart, assessor. The present township officers are as follows: Robert N. Livingston, clerk; George E. Roberts, John A. Becker, and — Beidleman, trustees; George W. Cuffaloo, justice of the peace; Theodore Leonard, treasurer; John H. Earhart, assessor. * Columbus was laid out in 1812, and nearly all events, worthy of note in the township, aside from those mentioned, are associated with the city. HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 501 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, THE MERION FAMILY. In searching for the early history of the Merion family, we find that Nathaniel Merion, sr., of the town of Dorchester, Massachusetts, was married to Thankful Withrington, in 1749. The fruits of this union were two sons and five daughters. William, the second son, joined Washington's army during the war of Independence, was taken prisoner by the British, and died in New York city. Nathaniel, the eldest son, married Lydia Gay, daughter of David Gay, and granddaughter of George Talbot, on the nineteenth of December, 5776. They raised eight children, as follows: Millie, Elijah, Mary, Lydia, William, Nathaniel, Hanna, and David. William Merion, son of Nathaniel Merion, was born' in Dorchester, Massachusetts, May 9, 1787. His early life was passed in the home of his birth, and before he became of age, in connection with two brothers and one sister, he purchased eighteen hundred acres of land lying in the Refugee tract, in Franklin county, Ohio, to which place he emigrated in about 1808. He first settled in Franklinton, where he followed the business of carpenter and builder for a year or two. On February 54, 1809, he was married to Sally Wait, who came, with her parents, from New York, in 1806. They remained in Franklinton about a year after marriage, he still following his business of carpenter. They then settled on his land, but a few rods south of the present city limits, on High street, at that time an unbroken forest. Here, with an indomitable will and sturdy perseverance, they hewed a home out of the wilder ness, and became among the first pioneers of Columbus. To them were born seven children—three sons and four daughters—of whom William Merion, of Marion township; Mrs. Reed, Mrs. Davis, and Mrs. Stewart, of Columbus, are the only survivors. William Merion, jr., was born in the new home, on High street, September so, 1811. On January 24, 1833, he was married to Catharine Clickenger, by whom he had nine children. Mrs. Merion died June 20, 1857, and on the twenty-eighth of October, 1858, he was again married, to Mrs. Martha Sheldon, a daughter of James Uncles, who was an early pioneer in Columbus. They have had three children, but one of whom is now living. The children of William Merion now living are: Charles, Henry, Oliver, William, Levi, James, and Edwin, all of whom reside in the vicinity, and three of them on the home farm. Mr. Merion, whose portrait appears on another page of this work, is a man of strong convictions and steadfast purpose, and what he believes to be right and just, he will strongly maintain. As one of the original stockholders of the Columbus and Groveport turnpike, he was early made one of the directors, and for the past thirty years has been treasurer of the company. While always true to the principles of the Republican party, he has never been a place-seeker, though he has been nominated by his friends for county office, and such was his known integrity of character, that he received the full party vote, though in a hopeless race. When the township was known as Montgomery, he served a number of years as trustee, and when the name was changed he proposed to the commissioners that it be called after the name of his father, which was done without a dissenting voice, though the name was spelled with a change of one letter, making it Marion. He has also been a prominent member of the Franklin County Pioneer association since its organization, and for several years has been its treasurer. HISTORY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY. COLUMBUS. PREFATORY. The existence of a city proves that the human species belongs in natural history, to the class of animals known as gregarious. Perhaps a Darwinian might say that men come honestly by this characteristic; since the apes, their putative ancestors, lived together in flocks, long before men lived at all. But the gregariousness of man, strikingly typified as it is by that of many of the lower species, yet contains elements of which no trace or shadow can be found in the habits of any other animals. The city of modern times is an outgrowth, of the instinct of self-improvement, which is a peculiar characteristic of the human race. No other animals manifest the least disposition to improve upon the condition of their progenitors. Some of the feathered tribes, probably, approach nearest to men in their gregarious habits—especially in their modes of architecture. The swallows, for instance, build their nests in large numbers contiguous to one another, for society and protection—each nest accommodating but a single family. The construction of their dwellings exhibits skill and forethought; and the instinct which guides them in their operations is, in many respects, hardly distinguishable from human reason. But they do not manifest the least tendency to improve, or even to change. As far back as our knowledge of the species extends, they have built their nests in precisely the same fashion; and there is no reason to suppose that they will ever build them in any other. It is true that the nests of nearly, if not quite, all species of birds, are built solely for the convenience of propagation ; and even when new ones are not constructed every year, the old ones are occupied but temporarily, from year to year. The remarks made above, however, apply with equal force to those animals, whether gregarious or solitary, which .construct permanent dwellings for shelter and protection. Their mode of architecture is neither taught by one generation to another, nor has it ever undergone, so far as can be ascertained, the least change since the art, by whatever means, was first communicated to the species. The abodes of civilized men, on the other hand, are built only by those who have been carefully taught the art of building; and their modes of architecture are constantly changing. Whether or not barbarism was the primal condition of the race, or a deterioration from a better and happier state, it is .certain that what we now call civilization is the result of gradual improvements upon a state of barbarism. Neither state, the barbarous nor the civilized, can properly be predicated of brute animals; since both alike presuppose a capacity for self-improvement, in which brutes (as we have said) are obviously deficient. The habits of brute animals (like those of plants) may be changed by domestication, which results from an external force brought to bear upon them by the dominant race —a change which, when left to themselves, they have no power to perpetuate and transmit to their descendants. But civilization is the result of internal moral and spiritual forces, of whose influence brutes are no more susceptible than plants themselves. When, therefore, Sir Charles Lubbock speaks of "the present state of civilization among ants," unless his language is intentionally humorous, it must be regarded as absurd and preposterous. A modern dwelling—especially a suburban villa, with " all the modern improvements "—is an epitome of modern civilization. The highest achievements of human skill and ingenuity in the practical sciences, in the mechanical and decorative arts, are embodied in its erection and ornamentation, and in filling it with all the appliances of comfort and convenience, of elegance and beauty. Its grounds, under the magic hand of that double artist, the landscape gardener, become a work of art-in-nature, where the essential elements of picture and sculpture blend in a wonderful harmony. The science of architecture which gives it beauty of form and durability of structure, is one of the sublimest outgrowths of man's desire for immortality. To the same and kindred desires, which mark man as a spiritual being, are to be attributed all the attractions of painting and statuary, of (505) 506 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. music and literature, with which its interior abounds. The parental authority and the filial obedience which obtain within its precincts, are the germs of all human government and loyalty. And the virtues—and, alas! the vices, too—which spring up in those precincts, become, when multiplied by millions of other homes, and modified by contact with the various forms of social life, the characteristics of the country and of the age. It is obvious that the history of such a dwelling, and all that legitimately belongs to it, would fill many volumes, and occupy the mind and pen of the readiest historian through the longest lifetime. What, then, shall we say of the history of a city like Columbus, which contains thousands of dwellings properly ranking with the one we have briefly described, and a much larger number of an inferior and descending rank, terminating in the cabin of extreme poverty? In the history of a city, it is obvious that very little can be said of its individual and domestic life. It is only where these come in contact, or become coincident, with some of its organized forms of public life—in pecuniary, industrial, political, military, benevolent, religious, educational, or social affairs—that they can be mentioned at all. These various interests must, for the most part, furnish the material of which our history is to be composed. But when we reflect how ramified each of these interests has become, and over how great a length of time the history of nearly all its branches extends, we shall perceive that the difficulty will not be to find material for our work, but to select judiciously from the superbundant material which will he offered to our hands. Take the religious interest, as an example. This is represented by some forty-three church organizations, several of which have been in existence over half a century. A full history of every one of these bodies, such as its minister might prepare to be preserved by his parishioners, would fill a large volume. The same may be said of the State institutions located here. A complete history of each, with the legislative, and other documents pertaining thereto, would occupy more space in our work than we can possibly spare for the entire city history. But while the bulk of our history, compared with the mass of material accessible, must necessarily be parvum e multo, we trust that the number of interesting facts recorded, and the amount of useful information presented, will justly entitle it to be called multum in patio. DAVID TAYLOR was born in the town of Truro, in the Province of Nova Scotia, on the twenty-fourth day of July, 1801. His ancestors were Puritans. Matthew Taylor, his great-grandfather, emigrated from near Londonderry, Ireland, in 1721, and settled in Londonderry (now Derry), New Hampshire, in 1722. The emigrants who settled that town—of which Matthew Taylor was one—were Presbyterians of the John Knox school, and are called Scotch-Irish, being the descendants of a colony which migrated from Argyleshire, in Scotland, and settled in the province of Ulster, in the north of Ireland, about the year 1612. Matthew Taylor was the father of six sons and two daughters. His second son, Matthew, was born in Londonderry, New Hampshire, October 3o, 1727. He married Miss Archibald, of Londonderry, and had six sons and two daughters born to that marriage, the birth of Robert, the fourth son, being April ix, 1759. Soon after the "old French war" and the evacuation of the province of Nova Scotia, by the French, about the year 1763, Matthew Taylor, with a number of other familes, moved from New Hampshire to Nova Scotia, and settled in the town of Truro, at the head of the bay of Fundy. At this time Robert was in his infancy. On December 6, 1781, he was married to Mehetabel Wilson, and had born to that marriage four sons and several daughters. The oldest son, Abiather Vinton, was barn March 25, 1783. The second son, Matthew, was born June ,8, 1785. The third son, James, was born November 25, 1795, and the fourth son, David, the subject of this sketch, was born on the twenty-fourth day of July, 1801. In the autum of the year 1805, Robert Taylor came to Ohio with his family and settled in Chillicothe. Prior to leaving Nova Scotia he had purchased same lands in what is now Truro township, Franklin county, and in the summer of 1808, while living in Chillicothe, he determined to remove to said lands, and in that year built thereon the first frame house ever erected in the eastern part of the county. David, then seven years of age, assisted the workmen in the construction of the house, living with them in camp while the work was going on. In the spring of 1809 Robert Taylor removed with his family into the new house, where he resided until March 28, 1828, when he died. David Taylor commenced business for himself when twenty years of age. His first adventures were in stock. From 1820 to 1827 he was very active in this business, collecting large herds in Ohio and driving the same to the eastern markets. During this period he went "over the mountains," as it was then called, with stock eighteen times, and was successful in almost every venture. He continued to deal extensively in stock for many years, but after about 1827 he adopted the policy of collecting stock and preparing it for the eastern market, but selling at home. It was only when he failed to secure a satisfactory purchaser at home that he drove his stock fo market. In the meantime he invested the gains of his enterprise in lands which were brought into cultivation as fast as it could profitably be done. In 1850 he purchased a large tract of land, then known as the Brien section. It consisted of the southwest quarter of Jefferson township, Franklin county, and contained over four thousand acres of land. This he subdivided into tracts of from fifty to one hundred and sixty acres and sold a considerable portion of it, reserving for himself such portions as best suited his purpose. This transaction added materially to his fortune. In the year 1826 he erected a house and established his home on the west bank of Walnut creek, a short distance north from his father's old homestead. Here he resided until 1843, when he constructed a commodious dwelling house on his farm, on the National road, near Walnut creek, where he resided until March 1858, when he removed to his present residence, on Broad street, in the city of Columbus. Since that time he has made no great exertion in business affairs, but has found such employment as he desired in watching over and caring fir his estate, and in performing his duties in respect to such public trusts as have, from time to time, been imposed upon him. He has always taken an active interest in the development of the agricultural interest of the State. He was one of the founders of the Franklin County Agricultural Society, and was president of that organization for the years 1857, 1858 and 1870. In 1861 he was elected as one of the members of the State board of agriculture, for the State of Ohio, and was twice re-elected, serving, in all, six years. From 1862 to 1866 he was the treasurer of that organization, and on his retirement so satisfactorily had he performed his duties in that respect that a suitable testimonial was voted him. In early life he had considerable taste for military affairs, and for many years was an active member of a then famous mounted company, called the Franklin Dragoons. This company had served through the war of 18x2, under Captain Joseph Vance, and for many years after that war the company organization kept up. Abram McDowell succeeded Captain Vance in command of the company, and he was succeeded by Robert Brotherton, and he by Jcseph Mcllvain, and he by Philo H. Olmsted, and he by David Taylor, who was elected captain in 1824, and served in that capacity for three years. He was first married in September, 1826, to Nancy T. Nelson, by whom he had two children born— Eliza, who was married to Samuel Sharp, now living in Chicago, and Robert N., now living as Upper Sandusky. In July, 1831, he was married to Margaret Shannon, who died soon after her marriage, and in May, 1836, he was married to Margaret Livingston, oldest daughter of Judge Edward Livingston. Six children have been born to this marriage—David, Edward L., Mary C., Henry C., Martha, wife .of Samuel Lee, of Philadelphia, and Margaret L., all of whom are now living. COLUMBUS. FRANKLINTON -THE PREDECESSOR AND ONE OF THE COMPONENTS OF COLUMBUS. In writing the biography of a celebrated man, it is common to begin with an account of his ancestry. And so, in writing a history of Columbus, it is proper to commence with that of Franklinton; not only because its early founders were mostly Franklintonians, but because the older town has become part and parcel of the younger. Saturn, it is said, had the bad habit of devouring his own progeny. Columbus, on the other hand, without seeming to be aware that it was a very bad thing to do, has swallowed up its progenitor. Franklinton was the first settlement in the territory now composing the county of Franklin, and was laid out six years before said county was set off from that of Ross—i e., in the month of August, 1797. Its founder and proprietor was Lucas Sullivant, a native of Kentucky, who came to this region about a year previous to the date just mentioned, being engaged in surveying land and locating land warrants. To stimulate the growth of his town, he set apart the lots on "Gift street" as donations to actual settlers. The new town grew apace. The following names are recorded as among those of the first settlers : Joseph Dixon, George Skidmore, John Brickell, Robert Armstrong, Jeremiah Armstrong, William Domigan, James Marshall, the Dearduffs, the McElvains, the Sells, John Lisle and family, William Fleming, Robert Balentine, Jacob Grubb, Benjamin White, Jacob Overdier, Arthur O'Harra, Joseph Foos, John Blair and John Dill, the latter from York county, Pennsylvania. Mr. Sullivant married, about the year 180 I, and became himself a settler and householder in this new town. Soon after him, Lyne Starling and Robert Russell came, and, about the same time, Robert Culbertson arrived from Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, with a numerous family of sons and daughters, some of them single, and others married and bringing their families. Biographical sketches of these settlers, so far as their history is known, will be given elsewhere. The rude simplicity in which these first settlers lived, may be learned, not only from the fact that they were compelled to make Indian corn their principal diet, but also from the expedients to which they had to resort in order to reduce it to an edible condition. "The people," says Martin, "constructed a kind of hand-mill, upon which they generally ground their corn. A horse-mill was then resorted to and kept up for some time. Some pounded their corn, or boiled it; and occasionally a trip was made to the Chillicothe mill,"—a trip of nearly fifty miles, on horseback, through the wilderness. It was a year or more after the first settlement was made, that Mr. James Scott, who must have been a pretty courageous business man, ventured upon the business of merchandising; and although his store is represented as having been a rather small concern, it nevertheless "added much to the convenience of the settlers." Some four or five years later, another village store, somewhat more pretentious, perhaps, was opened by Robert Russell, esq., who afterwards became a well-known business man in Columbus. In those early days, all the central and southern portions of Ohio were very sickly, and few more so than the settlement at "the forks of the Scioto." This was very discouraging to the settlers. Some of them sold their lands, or other property, abandoned the country, and moved back to the old settlements; and many others, during the more sickly seasons, would fully resolve to do so. But when health returned, and they were enabled to look with less jaundiced eyes upon the present advantages and future prospects of the country, they would change their minds and determine to cling to their new homes. And besides, lengthy as was the sick roll, the death rate was hardly ever higher, often-not so high, as at the east. 'The prevailing disease was fever and ague, which seldom kills, however much it may vex and worry. So a great majority of the settlers gradually "got used to it," and finally came to think and speak of it with a sort of contempt, and to regard it as "no great shakes, after all." It is worthy of note, in this relation—as showing the error of those who look upon fever and ague as almost certain to undermine the constitution and shorten the days of its victims—that there are few, if any, portions of the country, east or west, in which may be found more octogenarians still vigorous in mind and body, than in Franklin and Pickaway counties. Of course very few of these octogenarians were born here; but, almost without exception, they came here in early life, passed through all the hardships and perils incident to a new and unsettled country (fever and ague included), and, amidst them all, reared families of children who are now men and women as vigorous as themselves. We would not advise our friends to settle in malarial districts. But if, in the providence of God, they find themselves there, and shaking with the ague, we think it about as prudent to stay it out and shake it off, as to try to run away from it. For several years after Franklinton was first settled, there was no post-office nearer than Chillicothe; and, when opportunities did not offer to send by persons, going on business, the people of the village were in the habit Iof raising money by contribution, and employing a man (507) 508 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. to carry their letters to be mailed to friends far away, and to bring back letters from them, as well as papers containing the current news from the outside world. Colonel Andrew McElvain, for many years a prominent citizen of Franklin county, was, when a boy of but thirteen years old, the first regular mail carrier between Chilicothe and Franklinton, after the establishment of the post-office at the latter place. This office was established in 1805, and the postmasters who served it, during its continuance, were, in the order of their appointment, as follows: Adam Hosack, appointed in 1805 ; Henry Brown, in I& r; Joseph Grate, in 1812; James B. Gardiner, in 1813; Jacob Keller, in 1815; Joseph McDowell, in 1819; William Lusk, in 1820; and W. Risley, in 1831. A few years after Mr. Risley's appointment, the office at Franklinton was discontinued, the one at Columbus being considered sufficient for the convenience of the people. Franklinton was made the county seat from the time of the organization of the county, until 1824, when the county seat was removed to Columbus. The courts were held in hired rooms till 1808, when a brick court house was erected, Lucas Sullivant being the contractor. A new jail, of the same material, was built about the same time. The first jail was built of logs. Tradition has handed down no accounts of a county-seat war, such as has often been waged—on the one hand to resist removal, and, on the other, to effect it, vietarmis, if necessary. We may, therefore, believe that the doughty knights of Franklinton properly regarded discretion as the better part of valor, and that, consequently, no blood was shed, nor bones broken, on either side. From 1805 to 1812, a number of young men located in Franklinton, who grew up with the county and became wealthy and conspicuous. Among these, were: Gustavus Swan, R. W. McCoy, Dr. L. Goodale, Dr. S. Parsons, Francis Stewart, Samuel Barr, Henry Brown, Orliis Parrish, and Ralph Osborn, while a number of others passed off the stage before they had acquired fortunes or public distinction, and have mainly dropped out of public view. Such biographical sketches of those named above, as can be made up of existing memoranda, will be given elsewhere. The time of greatest business prosperity in Franklin-ton, was during the last war with Great Britain, from 1812 to 1815, inclusive. The " ill wind " of war always "blows good" to certain favored localities; and such a locality was Franklinton, during the years above mentioned. Great fears, however, were felt of depredations by the British and Indians, after the surrender of Hull, at Detroit, in August 1812. These fears were not without foundation; for Franklin county was then on the frontier, and the whole Sandusky and Maumee country was held by hostile Indians. False alarms were frequently given; and a few families, whose circumstances permitted, left the country for a place of safety. The governor, however, soon ordered out the militia en masse, and the fears were quieted. Franklinton became the headquarters of the northwestern army, under General Harrison. 'Two or three thousand troops were sometimes collected there; but they were constantly coming and going, so that, at other times, there would be few, or none, except the officers in the commissary department, who were actively employed in collecting and sending forward provisions and forage for the army. During this time all the productions of the country met with a ready sale in cash, and at high prices; and almost every body had plenty of money. But after peace was concluded, and the profuse expenditure of money, which characterized the war, had ceased, the hard times returned, and Franklin-ton began to experience all the inconveniences of a financial revulsion. The pressure was probably the greatest during the years from 1819 to 1823. All agricultural products fell back to the old prices, or even lower—pork, from four dollars per hundred to one dollar and a half; flour, from four dollars per hundred to one dollar, and other products in the same ratios and even at that rate the sales were very dull. Real estate also fell to about one fourth of its price during the war; and a large portion of the transactions were at forced sales—a hundred parcels of land being sometimes included in one advertisement of the sheriff. Rigid economy now became the rule among all ranks of society; and the change which took place in modes of living is graphically depicted in this short sentence from Martin's history: "The wealthiest families used rye coffee; and the most distinguished public men dressed in blue linsey pantaloons." Among the memorable events that occurred at Franklinton, during the war, was the execution of a soldier, under the sentence of a court martial, for deserting and threatening the life of his captain. The soldier's name was Wm, Fish, and he was shot in June, 1813. The execution is described as "an awful scene." Three others were condemned, to die at the same time, but were pardoned by General Harrison. The last one that received his pardon, was, before it was announced, conducted to his coffin, at the same time with Fish; the cap was placed over his eyes, and-he remained in that situation till his companion was shot. Then his pardon was read to him. The revulsion of feeling which he must have experienced cannot be described—nor even imagined. In 1817, Mr. Wm. Lusk, a teacher, and at one time postmaster, in Franklinton, commenced the publication of an annual, entitled, The Ohio Register and Western Calendar, which contained, besides an almanac, a list of State and county officers, with various items of statistical information. In this register, for 1821, he thus speaks of the old seat of government of Franklin county: "Franklinton, the county seat, contains a post-office, a store, three taverns, a common school; and an academy, in which are taught English grammar, geography, book-keeping,--double and single entry—mensuration, geometry, trigonometry, plane and spherical surveying, navigation, algebra, and astronomy." If any persons wonder why Mr. Lusk gives to a description of the "academy" more than twice the space given to all the other business interests of the town, when they learn that that was his. peculiar institution, they will probably have no difficulty in accounting for the " milk in the cocoanut." HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICK AWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 509 In 1815 or 1816, Mr. Lucas Sullivant, having obtained a charter from the legislature, built a toll-bridge across the Scioto, on the road leading from Columbus to Franklinton. The bridge started from the east side of the river, nearly at the same point with the present Broad street bridge; but, running more directly across, it reached the other side several rods lower down, and a new road was opened thence across the prairie to Franklinton, and passed through the town one square further south than the old road, which followed the line of the present street. This .change gave general dissatisfaction to the property-owners on the old street. The bridge stood eight or ten years, when, some of the timbers becoming rotten, it fell. It was then rebuilt in the same position with the present bridge, and the main road through Franklinton was restored to its former position. This toll-bridge became the property of Joseph Sullivant, on the death of his father. And when the National road was being built (about the year 1832), the superintendent agreed to erect a new bridge, at the expense of the government, provided Mr. Sullivant's right should be extinguished. Whereupon the citizens raised, by contributions, eight thousand dollars, and the county gave two thousand dollars more, making ten thousand dollars, which was paid to Mr. Sullivant for his right ; after which the present substantial structure was erected, as a part of the National road. Although there was nothing like a "county-seat war," either at the time of the removal, or at any time previous; yet it is not to be supposed that the Franklintonians gave up their chief possession, and distinction, without some opposition. The removal was agitated for several years, and was steadily opposed—the influence of Lucas Sullivant being sufficient to prevent it, during his lifetime. He died in 1823, and the very next year the removal was accomplished. Annexation also had its constant opponents. The dread of increased taxation led a majority to look upon it with great disfavor; and when at length, in 1871, the "broad mantle" of the city corporation was extended over them by an act of the common council (on a petition from a part of the citizens), there were not wanting those who cried out against it, as a piece of high-handed usurpation. But, notwithstanding all this, we think that few, if any, of them will now deny that annexation to the city has been of great advantage to the place. For over fifty years the town had been as dead as towns often "get to be." It had not even aspired to the dignity of incorporation, but had continued an unorganized hamlet, as at the first. In 1858, Mr. Martin wrote of it, as follows: "The town of Franklinton has not varied much in population or business for the last forty years." And certainly it did not vary much, in those respects, during the thirteen remaining years, previous to annexation. The population of the entire township of Franklinton, the oldest and, with two. exceptions (leaving out Columbus), the most populous in the county, was, in 185o, but eighteen hundred and twenty-seven. What the population of the village was, is not given ; but, at most, it could not have been more than five or six hundred. But population is now increasing; new houses, and of a much better class, are being built; new stores and shops of various kinds are being opened, and an appearance of thrift is fast taking the place of the seedy and dilapidated look which the place wore a few years ago. Few, we apprehend, of the present Franklintonians would be willing to return to their former independent condition. The old land-marks are mostly gone. All the houses, in which it was claimed that General Harrison made his headquarters during the war, have disappeared—and they were at least equal in number to the cities that claimed the honor of being the birth-place of Homer. A log house, evidently one of the first erected, and facing the principal street, is now occupied as a blacksmith's shop ; but neither its present. occupant, nor anybody else we found, could tell us by whom it was built. The old court-house, which was used for a public-school building nearly fifty years, finally became dilapidated, and was abandoned. After standing for several years, in a ruinous condition, it has at length, within the past year (1879), been torn down, and an elegant, three-story brick schoolhouse, fast verging upon completion, now occupies its place; and the usable portion of the old bricks have been used in building a commodious dwelling, on a lot owned by Mr. Deshler, a short distance north of the old site. The Sullivant mansion, now owned and occupied as a charitable house, by the "Sisters of the Good Shepherd," remains—but so changed and enlarged that its original proprietor would never recognize it. But the most interesting and suggestive of all the ancient lankmarks of Franklinton, is the old burying ground, on the bank of the river, a little northwest of the town. Here still repose the ashes of many of the early pioneers, the record of whose birth and death, on the crumbling tomb-stones, serves as a connecting link between the past century and the present. Take one simple inscription as a sample: "Sacred to the memory of Mrs. Elizabeth Culbertson, wife of Colonel Robert Culbertson, who was born in 1743, and died in 1815, aged seventy-two." But the spirit of change invades even the resting-place of the dead. While few recent interments have been made in the old ground, many of the bodies first deposited there, have been removed to a more elegant retreat amid the shades of Green lawn ; among which are those of Lucas Sullivant and wife, Lyne Starling, and General Foos and wife. It is probable that, before many years, the others, who have descendants or relatives still living in the neighborhood, will be removed; the old inscriptions will all become obliterated, and the stones themselves disintegrated, or broken down and destroyed. And even if the ground should not be vacated as a burying place, and devoted to some less sacred use, this ancient city of the dead, like its neighboring city of the living, will in time be filled by a new population. Several years before the annexation of Franklinton to Columbus, Michael Sullivant laid out a village between the two places, to which was given the name of Middletown. This name is still frequently applied to that locality, in common parlance; but, as no previous history makes mention of it, we do not deem it important to give it a 510 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. more extended notice in ours—in which decision we trust we give no offence to the people who live there. SITE SELECTED AND NAMED FOR THE FUTURE CAPITAL. In the year i800, congress passed a law establishing the seat of government of the Northwest Territory at Chillicothe. This is, doubtless, the reason why, on coming into the Union as a State, two years later, Ohio made the same place its temporary capital. Probably, few persons ever seriously expected that this fine old town, delightful as its situation is, and every way desirable, in itself, for such a purpose, would ever become the permanent seat of government. A general desire for a more central location soon began to show itself. In obedience to this desire, the legislature in February, 181o, appointed five commissioners, viz. : James Findlay, W. Silliman, Joseph Darlington, Reisin Beall, and William McFarland, to examine and select the most eligible site. These commissioners were to meet at Franklinton, on the first of the following September. This town, one mile west of the present State house, was one of the competitors for the coveted honor, but its low situation was against it, and it had to content itself with the possibility (since become reality) of being one day included within the limits of the capital city. After. meeting, as directed, and examining the claims of the several competing places, the commissioners reported to the legislature, on the twelfth of September, 181o, in favor of a place on the west side of the Scioto, twelve _miles above Franklinton, where the town of Dublin, in Franklin county, was afterwards located. No action, however, was taken by the legislature till its next session. Four enterprising and far-seeing men, viz. : Lyne Starling, John Kerr, Alexander McLaughlin, and James Johnston, having obtained possession of an eligible site, conceived a plan for inducing the legislature to locate thereon the permanent capital of the State. Their proposition, made to the legislature on the tenth of February, 1812, was as follows: That, if the legislature would establish the seat of the State government on the high bank east of the Scioto river, nearly opposite Franklinton, in township five, range twenty-two, of the "Refugee lands," and would, on or before the first Monday of December, 1817, begin to hold its sessions in a town to be laid off thereon by the company, and continue to hold the same there until the year 1840, the company would : First—lay out a town on the lands mentioned, on or before the first day of July, 1812, agreeably to a plan presented to the legislature; second—convey to the State, by warranty deed, in fee simple, such square in the town, containing about ten acres, for public buildings, and such lot of ten acres for the penitentiary, and dependencies, as director, or such person or persons as the legislature should appoint, might select ; third—erect and complete a State house, offices and penitentiary, and such other buildings as should be directed by the legislature, to be built of stone and brick, or either, the work to be done in a workmanlike manner, and of such size and dimensions as the legislature should require; the penitentiary and dependencies to be completed on or be fore the first of January, 1815, and the State house and offices on or before the first Monday of December, 1817. If these buildings, when completed, should be valued at less than fifty thousand dollars, the company should make up the deficiency in such further buildings as should be directed by law; but if the valuation should exceed fifty thousand dollars, the legislature should remunerate the company for such excess. On the fourteenth of February, 1812, an act was passed by the legislature, formally accepting the proposals and bond of the company, and permanently establishing the seat of government of this State on the lands named therein. The act provided for the appointment, by the legislature, of a director to superintend the surveying and laying off of the proposed town; to direct the width of its streets and alleys, and select the square for the public buildings, and the lot for the penitentiary and dependencies. Under this act, Joel Wright, of Warren county, was appointed director, or agent of the State; and Joseph Vance, of Franklin county, was selected to assist him. Under their joint superintendence, and at the expense of the proprietors, was platted a town destined to become the capital of one of the most important and influential States of the Ameliican union, and the metropolis of a region unsurpassed in richness o soil, and all the other sources of material prosperity. One week from the passage of the act locating the future capital, i. e., on the twenty-first of February, 1812, the legislature passed the following "resolution giving a name to the permanent seat of government :" " Resolved, by the general assembly of the State of Ohio, That the town to be laid out, at the high bank on the east side of the Scioto river, opposite the town of Franklinton, for the permanent seat of government of this State, shall be known and distinguished by by the name of COLUMBUS. MATTHIAS CORWIN, Speaker of the House of Representatives. THOMAS K IRKER, Speaker of the Senate. attest: R. OSBORN, C. H. R. Attest: C. A. NORTON, C. S." Other names were suggested, but to General Joseph Foos (who settled in Franklinton about the latter part of 1798, and who was a member of the legislature for many years, between 1807 and 1827), belongs the honor of proposing the name of the Great Discoverer, which was finally adopted. We are indebted for this information to the eldest son of the general, Captain Nelson Foos, who is well known in this city as one of the landmarks of the olden time. Thus it is that the goodly capital of Ohio received " A local habitation—and a name." HISTORY OF LANDS CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL TOWN PLAT. The town of Columbus, as we have seen, was located on the high bank, east of the Scioto river, nearly opposite Franklinton, in township five, range twenty-two, of the Refugee lands. These were so called from the fact that they were appropriated by congress for the relief of certain persons from the British provinces, who, in our Revolutionary war, espoused the cause of the revolted colonies. These lands were originally surveyed in 1799, HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICK AWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 51I by the authority of the general government, and divided, like the other public lands, into sections of six hundred and forty acres each. But in 1801 they were divided into half-sections, and numbered as such. Patents were issued for half-sections, designating them by the appropriate numbers. Immediately after the acceptance of their proposals by the legislature, the proprietors—Starling, Kerr, McLaughlin, and Johnston—entered into a partnership, tinder the act accepting their proposals, and establishing the seat of government. In the articles of association it was stipulated that a common stock should be created for the mutual benefit of the partners. To this stock Starling was to contribute half-section twenty-five, with the exception of ten acres previously sold to John Brickell; Johnston's contribution was to be half-section nine and the half of half-section ten; and McLaughlin & Kerr, who had previously been partners and were considered as a third party to this agreement, were to contribute half-section twenty-six. The proceeds of the sales of lots were to remain as common stock, until their contract with the State should be completed ; and each party was to derive an equal benefit from all donations, obtained by subscription or otherwise. In addition to the lands contributed by the proprietors, the Rev. Dr. James Hoge conveyed to them eighty acres on the south end of half-section eleven; Thomas Allen donated twenty acres in the southwest portion of half-section twelve, belonging to Bela Badger, of Virginia (and now called East Park place), was included in the plat, though without any legal authority. The three tracts last named were added, to make the size and form of the town agree with the plat submitted to the legislature. Dr. Hoge and Mr. Allen, having conveyed their tracts by deed to the proprietors, received back, in due form, half of the ground in lots, after the town had been laid out. The succession in the proprietorship of the lands above mentioned, down to the time of their being brought into the original town plat of Columbus, is as follows: half-section twenty-five was granted by the general government to John Allen, who was named as one of the refugees in the act of congress of February 18, 1801—his patent having been obtained from President Jefferson, April 5, 1802. Previously to this, however, he had conveyed it to G. W. Allen, October 18, 1801. The latter having forfeited it by foreclosure of mortgage, it was sold, by the sheriff of the county, to Lyne Starling, July I1, 1809. Half-section nine was conveyed by government patent to John Halstead, a refugee, May 7, 1802, and by him to James Johnston, February 5, 1803. The original grantee of half-section ten, was Martha Walker, who received her patent, February 15, 1802. By her it was conveyed to Peter Mills, April, 17, 1802; he sold it to James Johnston and Thomas Allen, February 19, 1803; and Allen sold a part of his share to Johnston, April 13, 1812. Half-section twenty-six was granted by Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Thompson, February 13, 1802. By him it was sold to James Strawbidge (or Strowbridge), May 6, 1802; and by the latter to Kerr and McLaughlin, March 12, 1808. Half-section twelve was granted by government to Seth Harding, February 2o, 1802; and by him sold to Bela Badger, February 16, 1803. The original patentee of half-section eleven, was James Price—his patent being dated May 7, 1802. By him it was sold to John S. Wills and Humphrey Fullerton, August 26, 1808; by Wills and wife, to Fullerton, April 21, 1809; by him to James Hoge, August 16, 1811; and by Hoge to the proprietors, April 16, 1812. All those receiving government patents were named in the act of congress, as refugees. The whole amount of ground covered by the original town plat, was about twelve hundred acres. About the year 1824, the heirs of John Allen brought suit to recover the land in Lyne Starling's half-section. It was a long and tiresome case, which we have no time to follow. The claim of the contestants was based upon mere technical grounds; and it failed, as all such claims should. Unawed by this failure, certain parties made an effort, soon after, to eject the owners of the lots in Kerr and McLaughlin's half-section. The claim of the contestants, in this case also, was merely technical, and failed like the other, and thus was forever set at rest all question as to the title to the lands contained in the original town plat of Columbus. INCREASE OF TERRITORY. This will be an appropriate place for giving an account of the lands which, at different times, have been brought within the corporate limits of the city. Within a few years, the rapid increase in the population of Columbus, and its advance in manufacturing and other enterprises, have compelled a corresponding increase of its territorial limits. Previous to 1863, the city occupied an area of only eleven hundred acres. By annexation that year, sixteen hundred acres more were added to its territory. In 1871, its limits were enlarged, by annexations from the surrounding townships, as follows: From Montgomery and Franklin townships, two thousand, seven hundred and forty acres; and from Clinton township, thirteen hundred and twelve—making the present area of the city six thousand, seven hundred and fifty-two acres. This gives Columbus more than six times the territory it had in 1863, and two and a half times more than it had in 1871. If the same ratio of increase should continue, the city limits would contain, at the end of the persent century, an area of about sixty-four square miles. The sections of land brought into the city limits, by these annexations, and the original patentees of the same, are as follows: From Montgomery township—half-section twenty-seven, patented to John McGowan; half-section twenty-eight, to Jonathan Eddy; half-section twenty-nine, to Joseph Binden; north end of half-section thirty, to John Edgar; north end of half-section thirty-one, to Seth Harding; a few acres of half-section thirty-two, to Seth Noble; half-section twenty-four, to Jonas C. Minot; half-section twenty-three, to J. Levitre; half-section twenty-two, to John Edgar; half-section twenty-one, to Noah Miller; half-section sixteen, to Carpenter Bradford; half-section fifteen, to James 512 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. Livingston; half-section fourteen, to Thomas Faulkner; half-section thirteen, to Rev. Seth Noble; half-sections four and five, to John Starr; a small portion of half-section six, to Colonel Samuel Bradford; fractional section seven, to John De Ruch. From Clinton township—a part of quarter township three, patented to Jonathan Dayton; a part of quarter township four, to George Stevenson. From Franklin township--all the lands west of the Scioto river, now included within the limits of the city, are a part of original survey ninety-three, and were patented to Lucas Sullivant, as assignee of Robert Vance; to whom they had been granted, in consideration of military service rendered to the United States, as a soldier from Virginia. A notice of Lucas Sullivant, as the proprietor and founder of the town of Franklinton, is made in another place. Of the above named patentees, only John McGowan, Seth Harding, Rev. Seth Noble, John Starr, John De Ruch, and Lucas Sullivant are known to have been settlers. Jonathan Dayton was a member of congress from Elizabeth, New Jersey, and was, at one time, the owner of fifty or sixty thousand acres of land, in different parts of Ohio. John De Ruch was a millwright, from Ross county, and obtained his patent on account of a mill he erected on the land. He is, undoubtedly, identical with the "Mr. John D. Rush" mentioned in Martin's "History of Franklin County," page five, as having "erected. an inferior mill on the Scioto, a short distance above Franklinton." This was "about the year 1799, or 1800.." That the increase of territory, mentioned above, was fairly commensurate with the increase in population, may be inferred from the following statement: In 1815, three years after the city was laid out, its population was seven hundred; in 1820, it was fourteen hundred and fifty; in 1830, two thousand, four hundred and thirty-seven; in 1840, six thousand and forty-eight; in 1850, seventeen thousand, eight hundred and. twenty; in 1860, eighteen thousand, five hundred and fifty-four; and in 1870, thirty-one thousand, two hundred and seventy-four. If the population of the city should increase in the same ratio till the year 1900, it would, at that time, contain over two hundred thousand souls. TOWNSHIPS FORMERLY AND AT PRESENT OCCUPYING THE TERRITORY OF COLUMBUS. The original township occupying the principal ground now covered by the corporation of Columbus, was Liberty, one of the four townships into which the county of Franklin was first divided. The order establishing it, defining its boundaries, and appointing the first election for the choice of justices of the peace therein, was passed by the Franklin court of common pleas on Tuesday, May 10, 1803. Following are extracts from the proceedings of said court, of the date named, in relation to Liberty township : Ordered, That all that part of Franklin county contained within the following limits and boundaries, to-wit : Beginning on the east bank of the Scioto river, at the intersection of the sectional line between the sections number eight and seventeen, in the fourth township, and twenty-second range, running thence with the said sectional line east, to the line between the counties of Fairfield and Franklin: thence north with the said line, and from the point of beginning, with the Scioto, to the northerly boundary of Franklin county, and be called Liberty township. Ordered, That there be elected, in Liberty township, two justices of the peace, and that the electors hold their election for that purpose at the house of John Beaty, in said township, on the 23d day of June next, as provided by law. At the election thus appointed, Joseph Hunter and Ezra Brown were chosen as the first justices of the peace in the new township. In the course of a few years, as the result of various divisions and sub-divisions, the township of Liberty became extinct. We have not learned the precise year, but we know that Montgomery township was established in that part of Liberty which afterwards included the corporation of Columbus, on the ninth day of March, 1807—the first justice of the peace elected that year being William Shaw. This township, with occasional changes of boundary, has continued to the present time. The justices of the peace last elected (the number having been increased to three) are as follows: Theodore Jones, Lot L. Smith, and Matthias Martin. For a long time after its incorporation, Columbus had no territory outside the township of Montgomery. But about the year 1860 it extended itself westward, across the Scioto, taking in that part of the township of Franklin lying in the bend of the river. Several years afterward, in 1871, the city limits were still further extended in that direction, taking in the old town of Franklinton ; and, in the same year, a narrow belt of territory a little more than three-fourths of a mile wide, lying along the east bank of the Olentangy river, and running up some two miles into the township of Clinton to the village of North Columbus, was taken into the corporation. Thus, at that time, the city of Columbus occupied parts of three different townships. This mixture of jurisdictions being found inconvenient, the county commissioners, in compliance with a petition from the city council, passed an order, on the twenty-fourth of February, 1873, extending the boundaries of Montgomery township, so as to include those portions of Franklinton and Clinton embraced in the limits of Columbus, and restricting the boundaries of the first mentioned township- in all other directions, so as to make them coincide every where with the city lines ; and, at the same time, erecting the territory, thus cut off, into a new township (with some additions) to which was given the name of Marion. By this action the township boundaries and those of the town became one and the same; and the only township officers needed for the execution of the laws, in addition to the municipal, county and State authorities having jurisdiction over the same territory, are three justices of the peace (who, at the present time, are the ones named above), and four constables acting under them—those last elected being as follows: N. B. Smith, Martin Van B. Little, Augustus Johns, and John Q. A. Robinson. FIRST EVENTS. The opening chapters of every local history, going back to earliest times, must, of course, be largely made up of first events. But among such events there are always a number of isolated facts, preserved in the memory of the oldest inhabitants, and important only, or mainly, because they are "the first." We have collected JOHN NOBLE. John Noble was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, November 15, 1789. His parents were Samuel and Mary Patterson Noble. With them he removed to Emmettsburgh, Maryland, in early life. Here his father joined with the occupation of a farmer that of a mechanic. John was early engaged in labor, and had to leave school at a very early age. He chafed at the attitude the slave owners assumed towards mechanics, and when he arrived at majority, he announced his fixed purpose to leave for a free State. This purpose impelled his father to sell his small property and remove, in May, 1815, to the State of Ohio. They passed through Lancaster, to Pickaway county, where the family settled on a beautiful farm, near Tarlton, where Samuel Noble and most of his children lived and died. John Noble returned to Lancaster the same year, and engaged at once in active business. Full of energy and enterprise, he made himself felt in every department of life. He advocated improved schools, the building of a school-house and market-house and all other improvements that the young community could afford. In the winter of 1812-13, he commenced a trade of ready-made clothing, shoes, etc., with the army, lying at Franklinton and Delaware, and thence to Fort Meigs. In passing through Columbus, Front street was the chief street, and it was full of logs and brush. He attended a treaty with the Indians at Piqua, of which he gave a vivid picture in his " Pioneer Sketches," published in the Columbus Gazette, in 1870. The money he made by these enterprises was lost by a partner. He had, therefore, to pursue every honest calling he could, to support himself and his young family. In 1820, he commenced hotel keeping in Lancaster, a business which ultimately became his only occupation : but at that time such an employment was too small for his necessities, and he carried on several mechanical branches, in addition. In r825-6, he took a contract on what was called the deep cut of the Ohio canal, in Licking county, and was present and took part in the ceremonies at Licking summit, July 4, 825, when Governor Clinton, of New York, took out the first spadeful of earth for that canal. This enterprise, with that of building the banking-house, for the Ohio bank, in 1825-7, and others, brought him into debt. As money was exceedingly scarce, and produce very low, he determined to take a cargo, by flat-boats, to New Orleans. This was done by hauling the load to Circleville, twenty-two miles, and there loading about two miles above town, on the Scioto, thence floating down the Scioto and Ohio to the Mississippi, to New Orleans. This trip was successful, and he was able to pay off his debts. He found Lancaster was probably to be left at one side by the advance of Columbus, and the building of the National road: so, in 1832, he removed from Lancaster with his family, and took charge of the National hotel, in Columbus, located where the Neil house now stands. He remained in this house nearly seven years. During this period the Cumberland, or National road was built, and the line of Neil, Moore & Co.'s stages furnished the great means of travel to the west. Emigration was at its height, and many thousands of people stopped at his house in Columbus, who afterwards settled in Ohio, or the States further west. As he had a wonderful facility for making acquaintances he was in those days as well known as any man in Ohio. In Columbus he showed the same interest in the advancement of the interests of that city that he had shown in Lancaster. He became supervisor of roads at one time, in order to have the power to improve Broad street, and was the first person who redeemed that beautiful avenue from the swamp. He was afterwards one of the commissioners to plant the trees that now beautify that street. He was, for many years, a member of the city council. In July 4, 1839, he assisted actively at the laying of the corner-stone of the new capitol, provided the jars deposited in the corner-stone, and aided in filling them with all manner of documents, to be opened for the enlightenment of future ages. These incidents indicate the energy and spirit of the man. In 1840 he removed to to Cincinnati, to take charge of the Dennison house, which he kept for five years. While here he gained a very large and favorable acquaintance in Cincinnati, and all southern Ohio. He returned with his family to Columbus, in 1845, and remained here until the summer of 1847. While here he was elected a representative to the forty-fifth general assembly of Ohio, from Franklin county, and served with intelligence and fidelity. In 1847, he returned to Cincinnati, and took charge of the Pearl Street house, which he kept for seven years, when he went back finally to Columbus, and abandoned all active business. In 1854 he was elected again to the city council, and remained a member for several years. On the sixteenth of July he was elected president of the council, to fill an unexpired term, ending April to, 1856. When the war of 1861-5 broke out, he was deeply interested, and gave every aid and comfort he could to the Union cause. He was always interested in the advance of the city, State, and nation. By nature he was active and enterprising. These qualities continued to the end of his life. His step in his last days was as elastic, his eye as clear, his speech as ready, and his hearing as good, as in his youth. At the ripe age of eighty-one, on the twenty-fourth day of June, 1871, at six in the morning, he passed away. Beautiful tributes were paid to him in public and private. His was a life of usefulness and honor, marked by justice and integrity. He was genial by nature, winning and retaining many friends, and crowned the whole by a firm, consistent christian faith. The example of such a life, worthy in its every relation, is of lasting benefit to the race. It inspires others to the highest aims and noblest purposes in the accomplishment of life's great work. Human effort and aspiration are usually content with that which is not worthiest, best, even if within their grasp: hence the lasting benefit to man of a career which furnishes an exception to this rule, and which has been satisfied only with highest attainment. The children of Colonel Noble were: Catharine, wife of Godfrey M. Robinson; Mary, widow of Clement J. Acton; Margaret Delia, wife of Dr. Stadwig Loring: and Henry C. Noble, all residents of Columbus, and General John W. Noble, of St. Louis, Missouri. Mrs. Kate Myers, wife of E. L Taylor, of Columbus, is a granddaughter. HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 513 several of these from various sources, but chiefly from Studer's history, and will proceed to record them here—beginning with the first events in Franklinton. The first family settlement made in this forerunner of Columbus, was by Joseph Dixon, in the fall of 1797. The first "meal-making establishment" was constructed by Samuel McElvain, and consisted of a hole burned into the top of a stump—the corn being pounded in this, as a mortar, by two men with pestles, and the meal sifted through a deer skin, pierced with holes by a hot wire. So says Colonel Andrew McElvain, son of Samuel, writing from West Point Grove, Logan county, Illinois, in 1856. The first water-mill was erected by Robert Balentine, near where Hayden's factory afterwards stood, in Columbus. The first whiskey was distilled by Benjamin White, near where Ridgway's foundry now is. A good many people would like to see the man who will distill the last. The first sheriff of Franklin county was this same Benjamin White. The first contract for carrying the mail to and from Franklinton, was taken by Adam Hosac, he also being postmaster. The first, mail carrier was Andrew McElvain (mentioned above), who was only thirteen years old when thus employed. The first store was established in Franklinton by James Scott, in 1798. The first hotel, in the same place, was opened and kept for many years by General Joseph Foos. The first public sale of lots in Columbus took place June 18, 1812—the same day on which war was declared against Great Britain. The post-office was first established here in 1813—Matthew Matthews being the first postmaster. The first newspaper published here was established in 1814, with the title of the Western Intelligencer and Columbus Gazette. It was removed to this place from Worthington, where it was first issued by Colonel Kilbourne, in 1811, under the first part of the above title. The first bakery was commenced by Christian Heyl, in 1813, in a rough cabin, at the corner of Rich and High streets, for which he had to pay one hundred and twenty-five dollars rent. The first marriage, that of George B. Harvey and Miss Jane Armstrong, took place in February, 1814. The first saw-mill was built by John Shields and Richard Courtney, on the Scioto, a short distance below the site of the present penitentiary. The same Mr. Shields, three years later, built a flouring-mill on a creek in the southwest portion of the town. In 1815 or '16, the first jeweler's shop was opened in the city by William Platt. Joel Buttles, agent of the Worthington manufacturing company, opened the first store in Columbus, in a small brick building, afterwards occupied by the Broadway Ex--change. About the same time McLean & Green opened one in a cabin on the south side of Rich street, just east of the corner where the Mechanics' hall subsequently stood. In the spring of 1813, Volney Payne opened the first tavern in the new town, in a two-story brick house, built by John Collet, for the purpose,- on the west side of High street, where the Johnson building now stands. The first school opened in Columbus was a private school, kept in a little cabin on the Public square. The first census of the infant capital was taken by James Marshall, in the spring of 1815, showing a population of seven hundred souls. David Smith, Orris Parish, David Scott, and Gustavus Sevan, were the first lawyers attracted to the new town, having located here about the year 1815. In 1814 was erected the first market-house in the middle of High street, near its intersection by Rich street. The town council declared it a nuisance in 1817, and a new market-house was built on State street, immediately west of High. The first bridge over the Scioto river was built by Lucas Sullivant, about 1813, under a charter from the legislature. It crossed on Broad street, where now stands the substantial bridge of the National road. In 1817, William Lusk published his first almanac, in Columbus, and it was regularly issued thereafter, every year, for about thirty-five years. Dr. John M. Edmiston was the first physician who located in Columbus—the next being Dr. Samuel Parsons, who removed from Franklinton, and fixed his permanent residence here, about the year 1815. The first two churches of Columbus were erected in 1814. One was a small house built of hewed logs, and used by the Methodists. It stood on the same lot where was afterwards built the Town Street Methodist church. The second was a log cabin built by the Presbyterians, near the corner of Spring and Third streets, and used for about four years, when it was superseded by a frame building erected on the west side of Front street, south of Town. The first money for removing the stumps and other obstructions from the streets of the new town, was raised by subscription, about the year 1815. The town being incorporated on the tenth of February, 1816, the streets were gradually improved thereafter by order of the council. The first board of councilmen elected, after the incorporation of the city, were Robert W. McCoy, John Cutler, Robert Armstrong, Henry Brown, Caleb Houston, Michael Patton, Jeremiah Armstrong, Jarvis Pike, and John Kerr. The first bank, known as the Franklin Bank of Columbus, was incorporated February 23, 1816, and on the first Monday of September following, it was organized by the election of directors, with Lucas Sullivant for president, and A. J. Williams, cashier. INCORPORATION OF COLUMBUS—BOROUGH AND CITY. On the tenth of February, 1816, exactly four years after accepting the proposal of the four proprietors to lay out a town for the future capital, the legislature passed an act for its incorporation. Section first describes its boundaries, and designates it as the " borough of Columbus." Section second appoints an election, to be held at the Columbus inn, on the first Monday (the sixth day) of May, following, to choose nine common councilmen, who were to elect from their number a mayor, recorder, and treasurer. Various provisions follow, for which we have no space; but the following section breathes such a peculiar Berghian humanity, that we cannot resist the temptation to give it entire: SECTION 16. And be it further enacted, That no law shall ever be made by this corporation subjecting cattle, sheep, or hogs, not belonging to any resident of this borough, to be abused, or taken up and sold, for coming within the bounds thereof. The election required by this act was held at the time 65 514 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. and place appointed, and, on the thirteenth of the same month, the councilmen elected met, at the same place, and chose, from their own number, Jarvis Pike, mayor; Robert W. McCoy, recorder, and Robert Armstrong, treasurer; also, the following officers, not of their number, and not mentioned in the act: Samuel King, marshal; William Long, clerk of market, and John Kerr, surveyor. Under this charter, the borough of Columbus went on prosperously for eighteen years—that is to say, until the third of March, 1834. On that day (the wish of the people having been suitably expressed) the legislature erected the town corporate into a city, by the passage of an act to that effect, only a few of whose provisions we have room here to insert. Section third divides the city into three wards, and gives to the city council the power to change the boundaries of these, and to create new ones. Section fourth provides for the election of a mayor, biennially, by the people, on the second Monday of April. Section fifth provides for the election of twelve councilmen (four from each ward), who must select, from their own number, a president, recorder, and treasurer. Section eighth gives to the council the power to pass ordinances "for the apprehension and punishment of all vagrants and idle persons." This was long before the name "tramp" had become familiar to American ears. But, in this section, the legislature of Ohio furnished to later times the only true key for the solution of the "tramp problem." Section eleventh empowers the council "to grant or refuse license to tavern-keepers, inn-holders, retailers of spiritous liquors by a less quantity than a quart; keepers of ale and porter houses and shops, and all houses of public entertainment"—thus, long before a "Maine law" had been passed, giving a clear sanction to the principle of prohibition. The twentieth section provides for the election of a city marshal (not from their own number) by the common council. The first officers elected, after the incorporation of the city, were as follows: John Brooks, mayor; Abraham Stotts, marshal and clerk of market; Wm. T. Martin, recorder; William Long, treasurer; C. R. Prezriminisky, surveyor. We give, in conclusion, the following list of city officers at the present time, 1879: G. G. Collins, mayor; H. E. Bryan, clerk of city and ocuncil, and city auditor; Alex. W. Krumm, solicitor; T. N. Gulick, civil engineer ; Henry Heinmiller, chief engineer of fire department; Jacob Haerring, street commissioner; H. A. Mahlman, infirmary director, and C. Breyfogle, president of common council. THE FRANKLIN DRAGOONS. This military company, mentioned as the escort of President Monroe, on the occasion of his visit to Columbus in 1817, was organized in the time of the war of 1812, and continued until 1832, or '33, when it was disbanded. During its continuance it was commanded by six different captains, all men of mark in their time, and all now passed off the stage, except David Taylor, who was the last. Following are brief sketches of each, in the order of their services : Joseph Vance enjoyed the reputation of being a fine officer, and was in the service, in different grades of rank, during the greater part of the war. Being one of the early settlers of the county, his interests were always identified with those of the infant settlements. He married in Franklinton, in 1805, and was a resident of the county the remainder of his life. He was for many years the county surveyor, and one of the leading citizens of his time; being greatly respected by the entire community. He died in 1824. Abram J. McDowell was one of the many contributions of Kentucky to her northern sister across the Ohio river. Having served through the war of 1812, he settled, soon after its close, in Franklinton. His wife was Eliza Lord, one of the Starling family, so well and favorably known in Kentucky and Ohio. He is represented as being a Kentucky gentleman of the old school, aristocratic in all his notions, refined and educated, but regarded by many as haughty in his manners; and perhaps, on that very account, never acquiring wealth. He was the father of the distinguished general, Irwin McDowell, who was born in Franklinton, October 25, 1818. At the head of his troop, he was afterward promoted to the rank of colonel, which title he bore through life. Notwithstanding the charge of haughtiness, he was a man of free and jovial disposision, and always had many warm friends. He held the office of clerk of the courts, and county recorder, for many years, and was afterward mayor of the city of Columbus. He died in 1844, in the fifty-fourth year of his age. Robert Brotherton was the third commander of this popular troop, and, like his predecessors, promoted to the rank of colonel. He was a native of Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, came to Franklinton in early youth, and resided in the county ever after. He married a daughter of Captain Hooken, a family of high respectability. Of a mild and sociable disposition, he became very popular without any apparent effort on his part. He filled the difficult and unpleasant office of sheriff for two terms (or eight years) with peculiar ease and kindness, and was never charged with injustice or oppression. He died in November, 1837, aged about forty-five years. Philo H. Olmsted was born in the township of Simsbury, Hartford county, Connecticut, in February, 1793. His father, Francis Olmsted, was a soldier in the war of the Revolution, and was with the army that captured Burgoyne. In 1808, he came to Ohio with his family, settling at first at what is now known as Blendon Four Corners, where his father owned a large tract of land. After assisting' his father two years, in improving his land, at the solicitation of Colonel James Kilbourne, he entered the printing office of the Western Intelligencer, a paper just started at Worthington. He became one of the proprietors of that paper, which was removed to Columbus in 1814, theme name being changed to Ohio State Journal. Ile continued his connection with the Journal till after 183o, and then went into merchandise. In July, 1817, he was married to Sarah Phillips, from Mercersburg, Pennsylvania. Of ten children born to them, four lived to maturity, and two are still living: Mrs. HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 515 Wright, widow of Di. M. B. Wright, a distinguished physician of Cincinnati, and Charles H. Olmsted, a resident of Columbus. Mr. Olmsted died in 1870, aged seventy-seven years. Joseph McElvain was promoted to the rank of colonel in the Ohio militia, like his predecessors in the command of the dragoons, and he was distinguished by this title through life. Colonel McElvain was one of the first residents of Franklin county, coming here with his father and family, when he was a child, and spending the remainder of his life here. He was in turn, farmer, merchant, hotel-keeper, and public officer. He was, for many years, an assistant in the Ohio penitentiary, held the office of county treasurer four years, and was also superintendent of the county infirmary, discharging the duties of this office with kindness and urbanity. He died suddenly, on the seventh of February, 1858, at his residence in Worthington. David Taylor was the last of the captains of this noted company, and the only one who still survives. As his portrait, accompanied by quite an extended biographical sketch, appears elsewhere in this volume, no further notice is here necessary. CHURCH HISTORY. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES-THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN. The youthful Hoge, the pioneer of the Presbyterian church, in Columbus and vicinity, arrived in Franklinton in December, 1805, in company with the supreme judges, who were about to open, in that town, the first term of the supreme court ever held in Franklin county. Mr. Hoge, afterwards known as Dr. Hoge, had just been licensed to preach, by the Presbytery of Lexington, Virginia, and had obtained from the general assembly an appointment as itinerant missionary in Ohio. The judges converted the court-room into a chapel, and adjourned to hear the first sermon of the young missionary. As the first fruits of his zealous labors, in three months (February 8, 1806), a Presbyterian church was organized, and on the Sunday following, the sacrament of the Lord's supper was administered to thirteen members. In September, 1807, the congregation gave Mr. Hoge a call to the pastorate of the church. This document was in the hand-writing of Lucas Sullivant, and was signed by Robert Culbertson, and William Reed, as elders, and by Joseph Dixon, John Dill, David Nelson, William Domigan, Joseph Hunter, and Lucas Sullivant, as trustees. The young pastor was promised a yearly salary of three hundred dollars, for three fourths of his time, until the congregation should be able to pay him at the same rate for his whole time. A plain brick building was erected,. in 1812, for the use of the church, principally through the instrumentality of Lucas Sullivant. Before it was completed, however, it was taken possession of by the military stationed in the town, and during a violent tornado, in March, 1813, it was blown down. Not so the incipient society. In 1814, a log cabin, twenty-five by thirty feet, was built for religious services, on a lot belonging to Mr. Hoge, within the limits of the present capital of Ohio. During the next five years, the meetings of this society were held, both in Franklinton and Columbus, though principally in the former place. As the greater portion of the congregation resided on the Columbus side of the Scioto, a frame meeting-house was built in the spring of 1818, on a lot donated for that purpose, at the junction of Town and Front streets. The sale of seats • amounted to one thousand seven hundred and ninty-six dollars and fifty cents, the highest price paid for a pew being forty dollars. In 1821 the congregation was organized as the First Presbyterian church of Columbus, and, in 1823, the salary of the pastor was increased to eight hundred dollars. The present church edifice, on the southwest corner of State and Third streets, was erected in 1830, and two years later the salary of Dr. Hoge was raised to one thousand dollars. About the year 185o the church edifice, at an expenditure of twenty thousand dollars, was remodeled and greatly improved. A semi-centennial celebration of their organization was held, in Franklinton, on the eighth day of February, 1856. The venerable Dr. Hoge preached his farewell sermon June 25, 1857, and was succeeded in his pastoral charge by Rev. Edgar Woods, of Wheeling, Virginia. Mr. Woods resigned in 1862, and was succeeded by Rev. William Roberts, of Wilmington, Delaware. At the close of 1864, Mr. Roberts retired from the pastorate, which was committed to Rev. W. B. Marshall, who resigned in December, 1869. The church remained without a pastor until May, 1871, when Rev. Robert Laidlaw, of Milton, Ontario, was chosen to fill the vacancy. Mr. Laidlaw resigned his pastorate in April, 1875. In July of the same year, Rev. Edward P. Heberton was called to the pastorate, and began his ministrations September 5, 1875. Mr. Heberton resigned in February, 1877, and the present pastor, Rev. Willis Lord, entered upon the labors of his pastorate on March I I, 1877. The First Presbyterian church building, which was again remodeled in 1859, is an imposing structure, giving evidence of the finest architectural taste. On the south wall of the auditorium, is a marble tablet in memory of Dr. Hoge, a mute witness to the beauty and value of long pastorates. [The first history of this church, brought down to the year 1863, and published in the Presbyterian historical almanac of that year, was written by Joseph Sullivant, a son of Lucas Sullivant, the founder of Franklinton. All historical sketches of this church, relating to a period antecedent to the above date, are based upon Mr. Sullivant's history.) SECOND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. This church was organized in 1839, on the first Sunday in March, and was an offshoot from the First Presbyterian church. Early in the following year, the congregation assembled for worship in the basement of the church edifice, then in process of erection, on the west side of Third street, between Rich and Friend streets. The building was completed during the current year, and cost, including the lot, about fourteen thousand dollars. From the time of their organization until May, 1840, the church had been served, first by Rev. Stephen Topliff, followed by Rev. Mr. Chamberlain and Rev. 516 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. George S. Boardman, of Rochester, New York, who closed his services at this time, having preached the sermon at the dedication of the new church, April 10, 1840. In little more than a year the church increased threefold, and had exchanged its humble hired room for a commodious and substantial house of its own. On the tenth of May, 1840, in response to a unanimous call, it being the repetition of the first sent out by the newly organized society, Rev. Henry L. Hitchcock supplied the church, though not seeing his way clear, as yet, to accept the call. He subsequently accepted, however, and was installed in 'November, 1841. Dr. Hitchcock had graduated at Yale in 1832, at the age of nineteen; studied theology at Lane; was ordained in 1837, and installed pastor of the Congregational church, at Morgan, Ashtabula county, where he remained until he came to Columbus. In the language of the present pastor, Wm. E. Moore, D. D., "The record of his success is the history of the church." In 1855, Dr. Hitchcock was elected to the presidency of the College of the Western Reserve, and accepted it as the "post of duty," sacrificing his own preference and that of an attached people. He died July 5, 1873, in the sixtieth year of his age. Rev. Edward D. Morris, of Auburn, New York, succeeded to Dr. Hitchcock, commencing his pastoral labors in December, 1855. Although the church building had been enlarged in 185o, owing to the increasing congregation a more commodious sanctuary was felt to be a necessity, by both pastor and people. In 1858, the work of building the present church was commenced. The lot on which it stands is situated on the east side of Third street, between State and Town streets, and was given to the society by Daniel T. Woodbury, a leading merchant of the city, and a liberal member of the church. Rev. John F. Kendall succeeded Mr. Morris, in 1868, and in April, 1872, the present pastor, Rev. William E. Moore, D. D., was duly installed. By a special request of the church, all the former pastors took part in the installation services. Dr. John F. Kendall preached the sermon, Dr. Edward D. Morris gave the charge to the people, and Dr. Henry L. Hitchcock the charge to the pastor. On the fifth day of July, 1873 —only a little more than a year from this time—Dr. Hitchcock died, in the sixtieth year of his age. In 1874, the house No. 122 East State street, was purchased as a parsonage. At present, the number in communion is four hundred and twenty; in the Sunday-school, three hundred and fifty. The church property is valued at about one hundred thousand dollars. THE HOGE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. This mission church, the youngest offspring of the oldest among the sisterhood of Presbyterian churches in Columbus, was organized in January, 187o, with twenty members. The congregation is fast increasing, in a rapidly growing part of the city. The pleasant church building on Park street, in the northwest part of the city, is generally known as Hoge chapel. .Rev. J. C. Tidball, the first pastor, was succeeded by Rev. Kingery, in 187 1, and Rev. J. M. Richmond was called to fill the office in 1872. The first elders were: Dr. G. F. Guerin, Samuel .Garwood, J. A. F. Cellar, and William Sacket. The trustees are : William Sacket, William D. Barnett, John D. Vincent, Samuel Garwood, J. A. F. Cellar, and James Mickel. The present pastor is the Rev. J. F. Hamilton. WESTMINSTER CHURCH. Westminster church was organized June r, 1854, by a colony from the First Presbyterian church. Previous to the completion of their church edifice, in 1857, the congregation held its services in the lecture-room of Starling medical college. The church building, on the corner of State and Sixth streets, will seat about five hundred persons, and cost, exclusive of the tower, sixteen thousand dollars. Rev. Josiah D. Smith, the first pastor was installed in August, 1854, and died in May, 1863. The successive pastors, previous to 1872, were: Revs. Henry McCracken, H. M. Robertson, and Rob Roy McNulty. The .first elders of the church were William Blynn and John Y. Cowhick, installed June 14, 1854.  THE WELSH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. This church, located on the southwest corner of Long and Fifth streets, was organized in 1849, by Rev. J. 'I'. Williams. The number of members at that time was twenty-eight. The first minister was Rev. William Passy, of Granville, Ohio. The first officers of the church were Edward Herbert, and Evan Reynolds. The meetings of the society were held in a small frame building, on the northwest corner of Long and Fourth streets. Among the early members of the church were: William Denbow, Daniel S. Jones, Roger Reynolds, Noah Brown, and Thomas Rowland. The church. was received into the Presbytery, May 30, 1850, and during that year the church edifice was built, on the lot already described. The Rev. David Williams, the first settled pastor, took charge of the church in 1855, and remained until 1858, when he was succeeded by Rev. William Perry. Between this date and 1860, the church was served by the following pastors: Revs. Joseph E. Davis, Hugh Roberts, and Evan R. Jones. Rev. R. H. Evans was called to the pastorate in October, 1866, and remained until March, 1869. At that time the church numbered eighty-five members, and the building had been considerably enlarged. Rev. David Harris became pastor in March, 1870. The church, at that time, numbered eighty-seven members. In December, 1872, the membership was one hundred and forty-seven. The present pastor is the Rev. John Jones. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCHES-TOWN STREET CHURCH. From the "records of the Methodist church, in the town of Columbus, Franklin county, State of Ohio," we learn that at "a meeting of the Methodist Episcopal church, on the twentieth day of December, 1813—present, the Rev. Samuel West, assistant preacher on the Delaware circuit—George McCormick, Peter Grubb, Jacob Grubb, John Brickle, and George B. Harvey, were duly appointed trustees for the Methodist church in this town." On Friday, January 22, 1814, the trustees elected George McCormick, president; Jacob Grubb, secretary; and HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 517 John Brickle, treasurer. About the same time the first Methodist church or class was formed in Columbus, by the Rev. Samuel West. The class at first consisted of but four members-George McCormick, George B. Harvey, Mrs. George McCormick, and Miss Jane Armstrong, who soon afterwards became Mrs. George B. Harvey. The next member admitted was Moses Freeman, a colored man, who left, about 1822, for Liberia, Africa. The original propietors of Columbus, in 1814, donated the lot on which the Town Street church now stands, to the trustees above named, for the use and benefit of the Methodist church of Columbus. In 1815, a small hewed log building was erected for the use of the church. We find George McCormick and John Cutler appointed a committee, in 1817, to have the meeting-house "chinked, daubed, and underpinned," and to appoint a suitable person to keep it in order. This building was used as a school-house, and here William T. Martin, long and familiarly known as "Esquire Martin," taught his first school in Columbus, beginning in 1815. In 1818, Jacob Grubb and John Martin were made a committee "to draw up a subscription paper and receive the money subscribed," to enlarge the meeting-house. September 7th, Michael Patton presented to the trustees his bill for three hundred and sixty dollars, for finishing the meeting-house, which was allowed. About 1823, the colored members of the Town street society withdrew from their white brethren, and formed a society of their own. About the year 1840, they built a brick church on Long street. Jacob Grubb, Nathaniel McLean, and Henry Mathews having been "appointed by the quarterly conference a committee to procure subscriptions to build a new meeting-house in Columbus, presented the same" to the trustees, April 13, 1825, with thirteen hundred dollars subscribed. The old wooded structures were removed from the lot on Town street, and a good brick building erected on the same site. The new edifice was not, however, finished for several years, though constantly used as a house of worship. The following is a list of the circuit ministers who officiated in Columbus prior to 1831, with the dates of their appointments : 1814, Samuel West ; 1815, Isaac Pavey; 1816, Jacob Hooper; 1817, William Swayze and Simon Peters; 1818, William Swayze and Lemuel Lane; 1819, John Tevis, and Leroy Swormsted ; 1820, John Tevis and Peter Stevens; 1821, Russell Bigelow and Horace Brown; 1822, Russell Bigelow and Thomas McCleary; 1823, Charles Waddle and H. S. Fernandes; 1824, Alfred Lorain and Charles Waddle; 1825, Leroy Swormsted and Joseph Carper; 1826, Joseph Carper and John H. Power; 1827, Samuel Hamilton and Jacob Young; 1828, Samuel Hamilton and Jesse F. Wixom; 1829, Leroy Swormsted and G. Blue; 1830, John W. Clark and Adam Poe. The Town Street church was organized as a station, in 1830, and Rev. Thomas A. Morris, afterwards Bishop Morris, was appointed to its charge. During the year of his service, a great revival took place, and about ninety were added to the church. The membership was doubled during the year, and at its close was reported at three hundred and twenty. The church was at this time still unfinished, the walls unplastered, and there were no permanent seats. Rev. Robert O. Spencer was appointed to the station in 1831, and Rev. Russell Bigelow in 1832. Mr. Bigelow is remembered as an eloquent and remarkable man: Bigelow chapel was subsequently named as a memorial of him. At the close of the year the number of members was three hundred and twenty-four. Edward W. Sehon was appointed to the station in 1834 and 1835, with Rev. L. L. Hamlin; Rev. Joseph Carper, in 1836 ; Rev. Joseph A. Waterman, in 1837; Rev. William Herr, in 1838 and 1839, and Rev. Joseph M. Trimble in 1840 and 1842. There was a remarkable revival during Mr. Trimble's term, at the end of which there was a membership of four hundred and fifty. Rev. David Whitcomb succeeded in 1842; Rev. Messrs. John Miley and Abram B. Wombaugh, in 1843; Rev. John Miley, in 1844; and Rev. Granville Moody, in 1845 and 1846. At the end of his term Mr. Moody reported six hundred members. At this time Wesley chapel, the first outgrowth of the parent stem, on Town street, was formed. Rev. Cyrus Brooks was appointed to the Town street station in 1847 and '48; Rev. Duval Warnock, in 1849 and '5o; Rev. Clinton W. Sears, in 1851, and Rev. Joseph A. Brown, in 1852 and 1853. During this last term the present Town church edifice was commenced and nearly completed. Bigelow chapel society was organized during the same period, taking a goodly colony from the Town street congregation. The Rev. John White was appointed to the 'station in 1854 and '55; Rev. James M. Jamison, in 1856 and '57; Rev. 13. N. Sphar, in 1858 and '59; and Rev. Joseph M. Trimble, in 186o and '61. The church edifice was completed about this time; and, after the church had suffered much financial embarrassment, the debt was canceled. The succession of ministers for the next decade, was as follows: Rev. Daniel D. Mather, 1862 and '63; Rev. C. A. Van Anda, 1864, '65 and '66; Rev. W. H. Scott, in 1867; Rev. Earl Cranston, 1868; Rev. B. N. Sphar, in 1869 and '7o; Rev. C. A. Van Anda, in 1871 and 72; Rev. James Will, in 1873 and '74; and Rev. Isaac F. King, 1876. The church having undergone thorough repairs at a cost of more than three thousand dollars, was reopened November 11, 1877. It is now (August, 1879), entirely out of debt, and has, it is claimed, the largest and most attractive auditorium of any Protestant church in the city. The Town Street church properly includes a comfortable parsonage, and a substatial and attractive church edifice. There is at present a membership of five hundred and five, and a Sunday-school containing three hundred pupils. Dr. J. M. Dunham is superintendant, and J. P. Bliss, secretary. The following are church officers: Rev. Messrs. Benjamin Tressenrider, G. Switzer, P. Kelley, and W. B. Chadwick, local elders; Rev. Messrs. George Weaver, G. Priest, and J. R. Edwards, local preachers. The stewards are: J. M. Dunham, J. H. Squires, W. H. Linn, H. C. Loomis, R. S. McMains, J. B. Kirk, H. J. Maynard, Benjamin Phillips, and J. P. Bliss. The trustees of the church are: M. W. Bliss, C. C. Bellows, W. B. Irwin, P. Twigg, 518 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. N. A. Sims, Burris Maynard, and Joseph Martin. The class leaders are : M. W. Bliss, J. B. Kirk, H. J. Wylie, Burris Maynard, Wesley Boyce, Phillip Trigg, H. J. Maynard, J. W. Crawford, Thomas Griffin, and Frank M. Westerman. The Rev. Mr. Bethauser, late of Circleville, was assigned to the charge of this church in the fall of 1879. WESLEY METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Location—High street, between Gay and Long. This society was organized in 1848, by a division of the Town Street M. E. church, the Rev. George C. Crum taking with him, for the purpose of forming a new organization, to be called the Wesley Chapel M. E. church, one hundred and ninety members. The society erected a church building the same year, which was dedicated during the session of the Ohio annual conference, by Bishop E. S. Janes. The church has been served by the following pastors, in the order given: Revs. George C. Crum, William Lander, John W. Weakley, John Leavith, J. L. Grover, John Frazer, William Porlen, George Brush, George Mather, J. M. Trimble, C. E. Felton, J. Crook, D. H. Moore, and S. A. Keene, pastor in charge in 1872. The church has been remodeled, and greatly improved, at a cost of twenty-eight thousand dollars. The church membership, in 1872, was four hundred and fifty, the Sunday-school numbering three hundred and fifty, with forty officers and teachers. The church property, at that time, was valued at fifty-eight thousand dollars. The minister in charge, in 1879, was the Rev. A. C. Hirst. ST. PAUL'S AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. This church is the successor of the Bethel Methodist Episcopal church, or, rather, it is the same society, with the name changed. About the year 1823, the colored members of the Town Street Methodist Episcopal congregation separated from their white brethren, and formed a society of their own. Their meetings were held in private rooms until a frame building for their use was erected, on Straight alley. This was occupied until (in 1844) a brick church edifice was built, on east Long near Fourth street. The first board of trustees of Bethel church were: Richard Butcher, sr., Richard Butcher jr., Joseph Harris, James Bland, Hanson Johnson, Allen Brown, and Edward Smith. The first stewards were, Anthony Bassett, B. J. Roberts, and A. M. Taylor. Of all these, Hanson Johnson was, in 1872, the only survivor. The new St. Paul's African Methodist Episcopal church edifice was built, in 1871-2, on a lot on the north side of Long street. The audience-room will seat from seven to eight hundred persons. The total cost of the church property was a little over twenty thousand dollars. The church was dedicated on Sunday, July 21, 1872, Bishop Payne officiating, assisted by Rev. Philip Tolliver, of Chillicothe. Rev. B. B. Arnett is the pastor, in 1879. The Sunday-school numbered, in 1872, one hundred and twenty pupils, and had eighteen teachers, David Streator being the superintendent. There were six hundred volumes in the Sunday-school library. The church has an organ and a choir, and, in 1872, there were two hundred and seventy-six members. GERMAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. This society was organized in 1843, at which time services were held in the old engine-house belonging to the city, and located on the south side of Mound street. In 1864, the congregation took possession of a good-sized brick building, on the site occupied by their present beautiful church. In this they continued to worship until the increasing membership compelled them to provide a larger church. The erection of the new church was begun in April, 1871, and it was dedicated on Sunday, September 8, 1872. The building is neatly finished, and will seat from five to six hundred persons. A tower and bell have since been added. The Rev. L. Allinger took charge of the congregation, in 1871, and resigned in 1873. Rev. George Schwinn was in charge from 1873, to 1876, and the present pastor, Rev. August Gerlach, from 1876, to 1879. The society membership is about one hundred and seventy, and the Sunday-school pupils number one hundred and seventy-five. BIGELOW METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. In May, 1853, a mission Sunday-school was established on the corner of Fourth and Friend streets, and Joseph Fitzwater was placed in charge of it. The teachers and pupils, at the opening, numbered thirty-five. Preaching was instituted, Rev. J. A. Bruner, pastor of the Town Street church, and his assistant, Rev. A. B. Mabee, preaching, alternately, at the Sunday-school room and at the city hall, over the market-house. Later in the year, the Ohio conference appointed A. B. Mabee as missionary at this point. In November, 1853, the church was organized. Elijah Grover, A. Cooper, N. Gibbons, M. Halm, J. Fell, J. Whitzell, and B. Barnes, trustees. The necessary funds for building a chapel were raised by subscription, the following spring, and in July, 1864, Bishop Morris dedicated a neat frame building, on the corner of Friend street and Straight alley, the building and site costing four thousand two hundred dollars. In 1859, the chapel was found to be too small, and an exchange was make with the Second Presbyterian congregation, which was about to remove from their church edifice, on the west side of Third street, between Rich and Friend streets, to their new building, on the east side of Third, between State and Town streets. The Methodists took the church building the Presbyterians were about to leave, paying the latter five thousand dollars, and the chapel property, which was considered worth another five thousand, making the cost of their new location ten thousand dollars. In 1864; the society numbered about four hundred members. On the ninth of November, 1869, the church edifice was destroyed by fire, but was immediately rebuilt, the basement and lecture-room being occupied in the following February. December z8, 187o, the finished building was dedicated by Dr. Reed, of Chicago. The reconstructed edifice cost nearly thirteen thousand dollars, and will seat about six hundred persons. The building and lot are valued at about twenty-five thousand dollars. In 1869, the society had built, on an adjoining lot, a parsonage, at a cost, including lot, of three thousand, five hundred dollars, which, fortunately, HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 519 escaped the flames that destroyed their church. The society is free from debt. The following is a list of the pastors, down to the year 1879: Rev. C. Mabee, one year; Rev. J. H. Creighton, one year; Rev. T. Lee, two years; Rev. L. Taft, two years; Rev. A. G. Byers, fourteen months; Rev. D. H. Moore, ten months; Rev. J. T. Miller, one year; Rev. D. Horlocker, two years; Rev. W. White, three years; Rey. J. H. Gardner, two years: Rev. James Kendall, one year; Rev. J. C. Jackson, three years; Rev. S. D. Hutsinpiller, who is the present pastor. THIRD AVENUE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. This church is an outgrowth of a Sunday-school organized June 24, 1867, by R. P. Woodruff, esq., in a small brick school-house, located on East Second avenue. November 7, 1867, the church was organized at a meeting called by the missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal church of Columbus. M. W. Bliss, M. Halm, H. F. Booth, L. Hillary, Henry O'Kane, John Short, John R. Hughes, and R. P. Woodruff, were elected trustees. The society was called the Mt. Pleasant mission of the Methodist Episcopal church of Columbus. Rev. A. G. Byers, then chaplain of the Ohio State prison, was appointed, by the presiding elder, to the charge of the mission. November 11, 1867, the lot on which the present church stands was purchased by the Methodist missionary society for the sum of one thousand, two hundred and fifteen dollars, its dimensions being one hundred and thirty feet front on High street, and one hundred and ten feet deep on Third avenue. October, 1868, the conference appointed Rev. Lovett Taft, the first pastor of the charge. The society numbered seventeen members at the time of this appointment, and there was a Sunday-school of sixty children. Late in October, of 1868, the erection of a church was begun, which was completed about January r, 1869. The building was fifty by thirty-one feet, and cost two thousand, five hundred dollars. At the fourth quarterly conference, of that year, the name was changed from Mt. Pleasant to that of Third Avenue Methodist Episcopal church. At the close of this year, the church reported seventy members, and a church property of four thousand dollars. Rev. L. Taft served the church as pastor two years, and was succeeded, in 187o, by Rev. I. B. Bradrick, who served one year. During his pastorate the church lot was cleared of debt. Rev. H. K. Foster became pastor in 1871, but resigning early in 1872, Rev. J. L. Groves supplied the church until October, 1872. During this year a room forty-four by twenty-four feet was added to the north end of the church for class meeting purposes. Rev. R. H. Wallace was appointed by the conference in the autumn of 1872, at which time the membership was one hundred and fifteen, with a Sunday-school of one hundred and sixty pupils. Mr. Wallace was succeeded by Rev. W. D. Cherrington, in 1864, who served one year, and was followed by Rev. E. I. Jones, who served three years, when the present pastor, Rev. S. A. Keen, was appointed, October, 1878. August r, 1879, an enlargement and improvement of the church was begun, which was completed September 13, 1879. This increased the capacity of the church from two hundred and seventy sittings to four hundred and fifty. The church has now three hundred and twenty-five members, and two hundred and seventy-five enrolled in the Sunday-school. The church property is estimated at ten thousand dollars. CHRISTIE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. This society was organized, by members principally from the Town Street Methodist Episcopal church, in the year 186o. In 1861, a brick church edifice was built on Cleveland avenue, or Eighth street, at, or near, the intersection of Spring street, extended. Rev. E. W. Kirkham was the first pastor, and organizer. The successive pastors were: Rev. T. W. Stanley, two years; Rev. Ancil Brooks, two years; Rev. J. F. King, one year: E. H. Heagler, three years; Rev. J. M. Jamison, two years; G. W. Burns, pastor in 1872. The society of Christie chapel, at the above date, consisted of about one hundred members, with one hundred pupils in the Sunday-school. Rev. D. Horlocker, pastor in 1879. HEATH METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. We are not informed as to the early history of this church. It is located on west Broad street, near the east line of the old town of Franklinton. The Rev. D. Y. Murdock became the pastor, in 1873, and continued three years; the Rev. S. C. Frampton, in 1876, continuing two years, and the Rev. Joseph McClusky, who came in 1878, is the present pastor. The number of communicants is one hundred and thirty-seven, and the number of pupils in the Sunday-school, about one hundred and thirty. BROAD STREET METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The Broad Street Methodist Episcopal church was organized, with one hundred members, July, 1875, by Rev. Joseph M. Trimble. The pastors since that time are Rev. R. W. Manly, and Rev. D. W. Clark, who is now in charge. The present membership is three hundred. The church property is valued at fifteen thousand dollars. The church is out of debt, and will, eventually, build, on Broad street, a suitable church edifice. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. We learn from the early records of the Episcopal church in the west, that the Rev. Philander Chase, afterwards bishop of the diocese of Ohio, left Connecticut in the year 1817, and came to this part of Ohio to form churches in a region in which, strictly speaking, he was not a pioneer, except in the office which he filled. The township of Sharon, in which Worthington is located, was settled by the "Scioto company," formed in Granby, Connecticut, in the winter of 1801-2. "Obeying, to the letter, the articles of association, the first cabin erected was used for a school-house and church of the Protestant Episcopal denomination." The first Sunday after the arrival of the third family, divine .worship was held therein, and, on the arrival of the eleventh family, a school was commenced, though scenes all unfamiliar, and sounds well calculated to draw away the thoughts from the printed page, environed the youthful pupils. 520 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. The historian is able, after the lapse of a half century, to pay this tribute to the outgrowth of this sturdy New England wisdom and piety. "This early attention to religion and education, has left its favorable impress upon the character of the people to the present day." This glimpse into earliest history explains the fact that the labors, both of the Rev. Mr. Chase and the Rev. Mr. Preston, were divided, at first, between Worthington and Columbus. It was to gather in the harvest thus planted, and, doubtless, not without tears, when the pleasant New England homes were remembered, that he who was destined to occupy so prominent a place among the standard bearers of the church's host, came thus early into the great west, and, therefore, is this passing glance into remoter causes quite relevant to the history of the establishment of the Episcopal church in Columbus. The Rev. Mr. Chase preached in the Buckeye house, on Broad street, in the then borough of Columbus, on the third of May, 1817, using the liturgy of the Protestant Episcopal church of the United States. TRINITY CHURCH. The Rev. Philander Chase preached the second time in Columbus, on Wednesday, May 11, 1817. After service, an instrument was signed by thirty persons, associating themselves as the "Parish of Trinity church, Columbus, State of Ohio, in connection with the Protestant Episcopal church of the United States of America." The signers of this instrument were: Orris Parish, Joel Buttles, Benjamin Gardiner, Alfred Upson, Philo H. Olmsted, John Kilbourne, John Warner, Thomas Johnson, John Webster, George W. Williams, Christopher Ripley, Austin Goodrich, Daniel Smith, Josiah Sabin, Cyrus Allen, Abner Lord, James K. Cary, John C. Brodrick, William K. Lampson, Cyrus Parker, William Rockwell, A. J. McDowell, jr., L. Starling, Cyrus Fay, Charles V. Hickox, John Callitt, Amasa Delano, Silas Williams, James Pearce, M. Mathews. After the third service held in Columbus, on the eleventh of the same month, the organization was completed by the election of vestrymen and wardens. Orris Parish and Benjamin Gardiner were elected wardens; John Kilbourne and Joel Buttles, vestrymen ; and Benjamin Gardiner and Joel Buttles, delegates to a diocesan convention, to be held at Columbus, on the first Monday of January, 1818. The services of the church were subsequently held in several different buildings. Bishop Chase, who was consecrated bishop of Ohio, February 11, 1818, officiated at Worthington, and also at Columbus, when his other duties would permit. Occasionally the assistance of other clergymen was obtained, and members of the congregation, appointed for the purpose, officiated as lay-readers, in the absence of a clergyman. It is recorded that on the 16th of September, 1819, Benjamin Gardiner, and Cyrus Fay, were appointed, "lay-readers, to read the service of the church on each and every Sunday;" and also that on the loth of September, 1825, Matthew Mathews was appointed lay reader. The Rev. William Preston, the first rector of Trinity church, took charge of the parish, in connection with that of St. John's, Worthington, on Easter Sun day, 1829. At the expiration of two years, he resigned St. John's, giving his whole time to Trinity. At the commencement of his rectorship, there were in the church, seventeen communicants, and eleven families. In 1833, a stone church, costing, with the lot, eleven thousand dollars, was built, on Broad street, on the site now occupied by Hayden's elegant business block. The number of communicants had increased, in the meantime, to one hundred and ten, and the number of families to seventy. The first marriage on record in the parish, is that of Justin Morrison and Melissa Boardman, solemnized October 2o, 183r, by the Rev. William Preston. The first confirmation in the parish was held by the Right Reverend Philander Chase, September 15, 1830. In 1855, during the rectorate of Rev. Charles Reynolds, a lot was purchased, for eight thousand dollars, on the southeast corner of Broad and Sixth streets, with the view of building a church better suited to the needs of the congregation, than that which, built in the infancy of the society, had yet served it for more than twenty years. The foundation of a church was laid on this site, in 1856, but at that point the work was suspended. This lot was sold, subsequently, for over thirteen thousand dollars, and a site was purchased for seven thousand, five hundred dollars, on the southeast corner of Broad and Third streets, and immediately east of Capitol square, one of the finest locations in the city. In 1863, Dr. John Andrews purchased the Broad Street stone church for ten thousand dollars, the sum expended in its erection thirty years before. After a delay of ten years (which resulted, no doubt, in the erection of a finer church edifice than would have been built at an earlier date), the corner stone of the present beautiful church was laid in 1866. Divine service was held, for the first time, in the chapel, on the first Sunday in December, 1867, and the congregation took possession of the church the following easter. The church is of Gothic architecture, and is built of sandstone brought from the vicinity of Newark. The cost of the building, when completed, which from the well-known ability of the society, cannot be long delayed, is estimated at about eighty-five thousand dollars. In interior decoration it compares favorably with church edifices in older and larger cities, and the completion of its tower will make it worthy of its exceptionally fine location, and give it rank among the most imposing church structures in the State. The following is a list of the rectors of Trinity to the present time: The Rev. William Preston, from 1829 to 1841; Rev. Charles Fox, 1841 to 1842 ; Rev. Alexander F. Dobb, 1842 to 1846; Rev. Dudley A. Tyng, 1847 to 185o; Rev. William Preston, 185o to 1854; Rev. Charles Reynolds, 1855 to 1858; Rev. G. H. Norton, 1858 to 1859; Rev. Wm. D. Hanson, 1859 to 1860; Rev. Julius E. Grammar, 1861 to 1864; Rev. C. A. L. Richards, 1865 to 1869; Rev. Rufus W. Clark, 1871 to 1877 ; Rev. C. N. Babcock, from March, 1879, to the present time. ST. PAUL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Articles of association having been signed by members of Trinity church, and others, for the purpose of organ- SAMUEL BRUSH Samuel Brush, son of Platt and Elizabeth (Treat) Brush, was born January 13, 1809, in the town of Greene, Chenango county, New York, his father being, at that time, a practicing lawyer in Oxford, in the same county, where they resided until 1815, when the family removed to Chillicothe, Ohio, and his father formed a partnership, in the practice of the law, with his brother, Colonel Henry Brush, then a member of congress. In 1820 he removed, with the family, to Delaware, Ohio, his father having received the appointment of register of the land office, for the sale of government lands in the seven northwestern counties of Ohio, and resided there until 1828, when his father returned to Chillicothe to live, on his removal by General Jackson, and he himself took charge of the State land office, at Tiffin, Ohio, until his father resigned his office as register thereof. He was clerk in his father's office from his early youth, and received a classical education, through three private tutors, graduates of colleges, one of whom was General John A. Quitman, afterward governor of, and member of congress from, 'Mississippi. He read law with his father, who, in the spring of 1830, had removed, with such of his family as were living, to his farm, near Fremont, Ohio. He was admitted to practice law at Tiffin, Ohio, by the supreme court, August 30, 1830—his uncle, Judge Brush, being one of the judges on the bench. The court was held at Tiffin, but the judges and lawyers boarded at Fort Ball, where his examination took place, before a committee of the ablest lawyers of the bar, on the favorable result of which, Judge Brush, his uncle, congratulated him, as he had feared that he would not be found qualified. He was admitted to practice in the circuit and district courts of the United States, for Ohio, in 1831, and in the supreme courts of the United States and district court of the District of Columbia in the winter of 1840-41. In the spring of 1831 he left Fremont, on account of his health, and went to reside in West Union, Adams county, Ohio, and there practiced law, and was elected prosecuting attorney, in October, 1833, serving as such two years. He then went to Batavia, Clermont county, Ohio, and there practiced until the fall of 1836, when he removed to Columbus, Ohio, and opened an office in December, of that year, on State street, adjoining the office of Starling & Gilbert, who dissolved partnership in 1837, when he formed a partnership with M. J. Gilbert, under the firm name of Brush & Gilbert, which firm did a large and lucrative business in Columbus for several years. He acquired the title of major while in Columbus, by holding the commission of brigade inspector. He was elected vice-president upon the organization of the Franklin County Agricultural society, and was afterwards elected president, and served two years, during which period the fair grounds were purchased and buildings erected thereon, at a cost of over six thousand dollars, and when he retired the society was out of debt, and had a surplus of two hundred dollars in the treasury. He was president of, and built, the Columbus and Granville plank road. In 1859 he retired from the practice, and removed to Canandaigua, New York, and engaged in farming, residing on a farm at the head of the main street of the village. During the civil war, although foreseeing the demoralization that would result therefrom, he contributed all in his power to aid in its prosecution, for the purpose of restoring the Union and maintaining the laws of the United States, and purchased a substitute for his son, who was at college, and not Iiable to the draft. His son, Henry Bush, having graduated at Hobart college, studied law, and being admitted to practice, in the fall of 1868, he opened a law office with him in the city of Buffalo, New York, where they practiced two years, and, their health failing them, they returned to Canandaigua, and his son alone continued the practice until his death, on July 17, 1879. His death, so unexpected, at the time when he had required a reputation as a sound lawyer and able advocate, was the greatest misfortune of his father's life, as he was an only child. Mr. Brush, as a lawyer, was a superior special pleader, no case prepared by him having ever been lost, or judgment reversed for defective pleading. His mind possessed great powers of concentration, and he handled with ability a great number and variety of facts and points in the trial of important causes. He was a man of great industry in pushing his business, being always ready for trial in his cases, but never encouraged litigation, but always advised his clients to settle. He was always true to his friends, and grateful for, and prompt to return, all favors, and willing and ready to forgive all attempts to injure him: a man of undoubted integrity of character, and sincere in his opinions, conservative and independent in his politics, and anti-sectarian in his religious views, and a firm believer in the truth of christianity, and of the salvation of all those who believe in the atonement and try to live in accordance with the precepts of Jesus Christ. He was married June 7, 1843, at Port Gibson, Ontario county, New York, to Cornelia A. Jenkins, daughter of Lewis Jenkins, esq., and granddaughter of Judge Moses Atwater, of Canandaigua, New York. His wife is still living. HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. - 521 izing a parish of the Protestant Episcopal church in the southern part of the city of Columbus, a site was selected on the corner of Mound and Third streets, and the foundation of a church edifice laid in the autumn of 1841. At a meeting of the parish, held on the first day of December, 1842, the Rev. H. L. Richards, who had been called to the rectorate of the new parish, presided, and F. J. Mathews acted as secretary. Having chosen St. Paul's as the name of their parish church, they completed their organization by the election of the following officelis: A. Buttles, senior warden; J. N. Whiting, junior warden; Henry Mathews, Moses Altman, John Burr, and Herman M. Hubbard, vestrymen. The church edifice having been enclosed, and commodious Sunday-school and lecture rooms finished in the basement, the services of the church were commenced on the first Sunday in Advent, 1842. The church was completed and consecrated in 1844. The rectorte of the Rev. Henry L. Richalids terminated at Easter, 1848. In July, of the same year, he was succeeded by the Rev. Alfred M. Lontrel, and the latter in 1851, by the Rev. Thomas P. Tyler, who remained only a few months, and returned to New York. The Rev. W. Norman Irish became rector in 1852, and resigned in the summer of 1855. The Rev. E. B. Kellogg officiated in the church for some months, when the Rev. I. A. M. La Tourette entered upon his rectorate, on the first Sunday after Ascension day, 1856. The Rev. James L. Grover became rector in March, 1858, and continued until June, 1862. The Rev. George Seabury, the next rector, commenced his duties in 1864, and resigned in January, 1867. He was succeeded in September, 1867, by the Rev. C. C. Tate, who continued rector until November, 1872, when he removed to the diocese of Indiana. The Rev. C. H. Kellogg succeeded to the charge of the parish in the same year, and continued until 1874, when he was succeeded by the present rector, the Rev. R. W. Graange. The church edifice of this parish is a substantial brick structure, and, though making no claim to architectural beauty, the interior is churchly and attractive. There has been a steady increase in the number of communicants, and the parish is thoroughly organized for effective work. The following are the officers elected at the Easter election of 1879: , senior warden; Lincoln G. Hilbourn, junior warden; James Hershaw, W. T. Williams, Leo Lesquereux, F. J. Williams, Henry Butler, and Charles G. Lord, vestrymen; R. W. Linnen, secretary of vestry and treasurer of the parish. There are also, in connection with the parish and for the furtherance of church work, the following named organizations: St. Paul's Church guild, Sunday-school, branch of Woman's Auxiliary to the Board of Missions, Ladies' Aid society, Altar committee, and Ladies' Visiting committee, with assigned districts. TRIAL OF THE REV. COLIN C. TATE. A brief record of this trial, which properly belongs to a history of the St. Paul's parish, is appended. An ecclesiastical court, for the trial of the Rev. Colin C. Tate, rec for of St. Paul's Episcopal church in the city of Columbus, convened at Trinity church, October 26, 1869. The court was composed of the Rev. Lewis Burton, D. D., of Cleveland; Rev. J. Maxwell, of Youngstown; Rev. William Bowen, of Newark ; Rev. E. C. Benson, of Gambier; and Rev. N. R. High, of Toledo. The charges against Mr. Tate were " that he had a choir of boys dressed in white surplices, whom he permitted to sing while coming into and going out of church." The prosecution was represented by Rev. Samuel Clemens, church advocate; Judge J. R. Swan, of Columbus; Judge Jones, of Delaware; and General Mitchel, of Columbus. The defence was represented by Rev. Dr. Thrall, of Massachusetts; Rev. A. H. Washburne, of Cleveland; Judge Otis, of Chicago; and Thomas Sparrow, of Columbus. The defence entered a• plea to the jurisdiction of the court. The question was elaborately argued on both sides. On the fourth day of the session, the president announced that the court was equally divided on the plea of jurisdiction, but that he should sustain the plea by his casting vote. Thus the court was dissolved in the same manner as a preceding one had been, which was convened for the same purpose. CHURCH OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD. This church was commenced as a mission of Trinity church, the parent society of this communion in the city. It was located in a portion of the city much in need of church privileges, owing to the fact that church building had tended to cluster about the central part of the city. It started with a Sunday-school numbering one hundred and sixty-five pupils. Other denominations building in the immediate neighborhood, soon after the opening of the mission, the number of pupils has somewhat diminished, though the interest manifested on the part of the congregation, and by the officers and pupils .of the Sunday-school, has been most encouraging. " You will find that a willingness to work characterizes the people of the Good Shepherd," said one competent to judge, and with this spirit pervading an enterprise, success may safely be predicted. The mission was at first under the care of Rev. C. M. Sturges, assistant minister of Trinity, who resigned in 1875. Rev. J. Mills Kendrick became minister in July, of the same year, and in May, following, was made rector, the church at that date (May, 1876,) being regularly organized. A neat brick church had been previously built, at a cost of five .thousand, three hundred dollars. The success of the parish is due, in a great measure, to the zeal and liberality of members of the parent society. Augustus N. Whiting, the superintendent of the Sunday-school, though a communicant of Trinity, has continued to pass the door of his own parish church, and that not far from his own, to give his influence and labor to the building up of a feeble congregation. Nor have these examples of self-devotion been lost upon the young society. Scarcely had it ceased to be a mission itself, when, under the leadership of its young and zealous rector, the Rev. E. J. Humes, who succeeded Rev. Mr. Kendrick, in 1878, a mission of the church was established in a much-neglected district in 66 522 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. the northeastern part of the city, where, it is believed, it will accomplish great good. About five hundred dollars were expended in repairing and beautifying the church, a new chancel screen, and judicious frescoing, adding much to the attractiveness of the interior. There are, at present, one hundred and seventeen communicants, and one hundred and thirty-eight pupils in the Sunday-school. A. N. Whiting and Alvan Hyde, are wardens, and J. N. Champion, James Alexander, J. R. Topping, C. E. Fish, and J. G. Reams, vestrymen. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. A history of the Roman Catholic diocese of Columbus, will serve to emphasize this truth, everywhere observable in regard to the people of this faith : They find the means, be it from theft- penury or their abundance, to build churches, and found hospitals and schools. Let no organization, human or divine, hope to emulate their unchecked prosperity, until it can show an equal zeal and devotion to the cause it has essayed to defend. "A word to the wise is sufficient." Previous to the year 1833, the services of this church were held at long intervals, the congregation consisting of laborers on the National road, a few German residents, and farmers in the vicinity. A hall in the Paul Pry house was first used for these services, and afterwards the houses of several members of the church. Those of George Studer, John Burke, and John McCurtney, being still held in reverential regard from their associations with those early times. Their first deed in trust bears date May 15, 1833. This was the deed of a lot on the northeast corner of Rich and Fifth streets, donated by Otis, Phebe W., Samuel, and Margaret Crosby, and Nathaniel and Caroline E. Medbury; the condition of the conveyance of this lot being that a church was "required to be built" on it within five years from the date of the deed. The first celebration of high mass in the church thus built, was held April 29, 1838, Father H. D. Juncker, afterwards bishop of Alton, Illinois, being the celebrant. Father Young, who was sent by the bishop, in 1839, to take charge of the church in Columbus, died bishop of Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1866. On the eighth of December, 1839, Archbishop Purcell, of Cincinnati, held, in the rew church, the first confirmation, and in the evening delivered a sermon in the senate chamber of the old State house. In 1844 it was found that the congregation had outgrown their first church, and was rapidly increasing. The result of the movement then made was the building of the present church edifice, on the corner of Rich and Fifth streets, known as HOLY CROSS CHURCH. Father William Schonant, who had taken charge of the church February 25, 1843, continued pastor until the new church was completed. He was succeeded by Rev. C. H. Borgess, afterwards made bishop of Detroit, who remained about ten years. During his administration the church tower was built, at a cost of about seven thousand dollars. Improvements were also made in the interior of the church building, including a new pulpit, a St. Mary's altar, an organ, and the church bells, at an aggregate cost of two thousand nine hundred dollars. The Very Reverend. J. B. Hemsteger, V. G., by order of Archbishop Purcell, took charge of the congregation May 5, 1859. During his connection with the church a splendid school-house and a fine pastoral residence were erected on the church premises. The present pastor [1879] is the Rev. J. H. Ahrens. The church property, in 1872, was valued at ninety-five thousand dollars, and the number of members was two thousand one hundred. ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH. An organization for the purpose of building this church was formed by Rev. John Furlong, the first Irish priest stationed in Columbus. He was succeeded, the next year, by the Rev. James Meagher, who, through John D. Clark, purchased of Robert Neil, for one thousand dollars, a lot on the northeast corner of Seventh and Maghten streets. The corner stone of St. Patrick's church was laid September 5, 1852, and the church was dedicated September 25, 1853, by Archbishop Purcell. In the rear of the church, and connected with it, is a substantial dwelling, containing ten rooms, and having large halls, basement, and cellar. It is at present the bishop's house. Father Meagher, assisted by Rev. Edmund D. Flahery, continued pastor of St. Patrick's congregation till 1857, when he was succeeded by Rev. Edward M. Fitzgerald. The latter was pastor till he was created bishop of Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1867. He was assisted, during his pastorate, by the following priests, in succession: Rev. Messrs. John Murray, Jos. Fitzgerald, and F. C. Mallon. Immediately after Bishop Fitzgerald's departure, Bishop Sylvester Horton Rosecrans, D. D., consecrated, March 25, 1862, auxiliary bishop of Cincinnati, Ohio, took charge of St. Patrick's congregation, and continued in that relation a brief period, until the diocese of Columbus was established, March 3, 1868, of which he was created the first bishop. He was assisted by Rev. George H. Ahrens, afterwards chancellor of the diocese, who was succeeded by Father Gonesse. Rev. James Daly and Rev. N. A. Gallagher also assisted for some time. Rev. J. A. Murray was pastor of the congregation in 1872, and the church numbered one thousand members, the church property being valued at forty thousand dollars. Rev. J no. C. Madden is the present pastor. ST. MARY'S CHURCH. In the spring of 1865, at a meeting of the Holy Cross congregation to consider the propriety of building a church in the southern part of the city, it was decided to proceed, at first, with the erection of a school-house. The school-house, and improvements, cost nine thousand dollars. In 1866, the present St. Mary's church was begun, and the foundation laid. Rev. Father F. H. Specht, who had come to the city to assist at Holy Cross church, and afterwards, if found necessary, to build a new church, was placed in supervision of the new structure. The building was completed in 1868, at a cost of forty thousand dollars. The church was dedicated on the twenty-eighth of November, 1868, by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Ros¬crans, assisted by the neighboring clergy. The church HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 523 seated, at its consecration, a congregation of seven hundred, and, with the available space, could be made to seat one of one thousand. Father Specht, the present pastor, was appointed to that office in 1868, by Bishop Rosecrans, at the request of a large number of the congregation. A fine pastoral residence was built, in 1872, at a cost of six thousand dollars. The value of the church property, in 1872, was seventy-five thousand dollars. The school connected with the church contains about two hundred and thirty pupils, and the congregation numbers .one thousand, five hundred. St. Mary's has a chime of three bells, procured from Mr. Meneely, of West Troy, New York, at a cost of two thousand, two hundred dollars. ST. JOSEPH'S CATHEDRAL. Next to the State house, the most substantial and imposing edifice in the capital of Ohio, is St. Joseph's cathedral. It is a noble structure; creditable to the enterprise and devotion of the Roman Catholic church, and an ornament of which the city may well be proud. The cathedral stands on the northwest corner of Broad and Fifth streets, having a frontage of one hundred and twenty feet, on Broad, with a depth of two hundred feet on Fifth street. The lots were purchased in 1866, for fifteen thousand dollars, and excavations for the foundation were made during the summer of the same year The corner-stone was laid, with much pomp, on the eleventh of November, following; the Right Reverend Bishop Rosecrans, then co-adjutor to the Most Reverend J. B. Purcell, D. 1)., arch-bishop of Cincinnati, officiating. Papal bulls having arrived in March, 1868, making Columbus an Episcopal see, it was decided that the proposed new church should be the cathedral, and that it should be built of stone instead of brick, making such changes only in the plan, as the change of material might suggest. One of the changes was the taking up of the foundation walls, to lay them deeper and wider. Another, was the adding of the tower and baptistry on the southwest corner. The arching of the windows, and the supports of the clear story, carry out the directions of Gen. W. S. Rosecrans, who, in the summer of 187o, spent several days with his brother, the bishop, aiding in the details of the work. Michael Fahey, of this city, previous to 1872, had been for two years superintendent of the work, which rapidly progressed under his supervision. On the twenty-fifth day of December, 1872, Mass was first celebrated in St. Joseph's cathedral, by Right Rev. S. H. Rosecrans, who had entire charge, as pastor; assisted by Rev. J. A. Murray. The cathedral is Gothic, in the style of architecture, the material of the walls being sandstone—of the kind which, instead of disintegrating, hardens by exposure to the atmosphere. The stone has been brought from different quarries, principally from Hanover and Clay Lick, a portion from Lansaster, and some from Haydenville. The windows are cased in freestone, mostly obtained at Lithopolis, Pickaway county. The brackets are cut from Columbus limestone, about the only stone in the structure procured at home. The cost of the edifice, when completed, will not be less than a quarter of million of dollars. In 1874, the priests as sisting the Bishop, were Rev. Henry Anderson, Rev. T. J. Campbell, and M. M. Meara; in 1875 Rev. M. M. Meara and Rev. M. A. Hartnedy; in 1876, Rev. M. M. Meara and Rev. G. H. Ahrens, chancellor of the diocese, both of whom remained at the cathedral till the death of Bishop Rosecrans, October 21, 1878. In this year the cathedral was plastered, at a cost of three thousand dollars. On October 20, 1878, St. Joseph's cathedral was solemnly consecrated to the srevices of God, by Bishop Dwenger, of Fort Wayne, Indiana. Eight bishops, nearly one hundred priests, and an immense concourse of people from different parts of the State attended. The next evening, October 21, 1878, God called to himself the beloved and sainted Bishop Rosecrans, whose funeral took place from the cathedral, the following Friday, Bishop Foley, of Chicago, preaching an eloquent sermon. Very Rev. N. A. Gallagher was then appointed administrator of the diocese of Columbus, by the arch-bishop of Cincinnati, until a successor to Bishop Rosecrans shall be chosen by the Pope. Rev. M. M. Meara is at present pastor, assisted by Rev. F. Woesman. The administra- tor, Very Rev. N, A. Gallagher, resides at the cathedral, and also Rev. J. Kuehn, chaplain to the Roman Catholic inmates of the State prison. CHURCH OF THE HOLY FAMILY. This church is situated on the west side, in the old town of Franklinton. The building was purchased of the United Brethren, in June, 1877, under the pastorate of the Rev. R. C. Christy, who died in St. Francis' hospital, on October 16, 1878, after an illness of about six months. His successor in the pastorate was the Rev. T. C. Reynolds, who came about the last of June, 1878, and remained till March, 1879. The Rev.. W. F. Hayes came, about the time Father Reynolds left, and is still in charge. Adjoining the church is a parsonage and a commodious school-building, the school being under the charge of the Sisters of St. Joseph. BAPTIST CHURCHES-THE FIRST BAPTIST. The history of this church runs through a period of more than fifty years. In February, 1823, Rev. George Jeffries, a Baptist minister, settled in Columbus, and immediately began preaching in his own house. In the spring of 1824, eleven persons organized themselves into a congregation, and, on the 15th of May, were duly recognized by an ecclesiastical council, and received into the sisterhood of churches. Elder Jeffries continued to preach to the church, and in April, 1825, was formally called to be its pastor, though receiving little or no Pecuniary compensation, and still holding the meetings in his own house. In 183o, it appears, Elder Jeffries built a school-house, to which the meetings were transferred. This school-house was between Front and Mound streets, in the rear of St. Paul's German Lutheran church. In April, 1831, the church purchased a lot on Front street, near the corner of Mound, paying for it one hundred and seventy-five dollars. On this a small brick church was built, at the cost of many sacrifices on the part of the few members; the pastor and his wife, as well as others, laboring with their own hands to complete it. On the 524 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. Saturday before the first. Sunday in May, 1832, they held their first season of worship in their new house. In the meantime, several prominent Baptists having settled in the city, and thinking the church not sufficiently aggressive, and not taking the stand in the community which the importance of the cause demanded, determined to take steps for a more efficient organization. An appeal was made to the American Home Missionary society for aid. As the result of this movement, the Rev. T. R. Cressy was commissioned by that society, and sent to labor as a missionary in Columbus. At his arrival, in the summer of 1835, a general meeting of all interested was called, with a view to consolidate the Baptist element of the population into one organization. This meeting was held in Trinity Episcopal church, on Broad street, Rev. Mr. Preston having generously offered its use for this purpose. This conference resulted in the union of the Independent Baptists and the Welsh church, with the original organization; Mr. Jeffries resigning, and Mr. Cressy, assuming the pastorate, with a church numbering fifty-six members. The Welsh members were; from the first, a useful and efficient element in the Baptist organization. Rev. John Harris, who came in with them, was a devout and earnest man, whose zealous exhortations and fervent prayers, were remembered by many, long after he had passed from earth. He died December 12, 1863, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. Early in Mr. Cressy's pastorate, a movement was made to furnish the congregation with a church edifice suited to its needs, 'both in size and location. A lot was secured, on the corner of Rich and Third streets, and the lecture-room of the new church was occupied for public worship in 1837, though the church was not dedicated until November 1, 1840. Mr. Cressy resigned, in 1842, leaving a membership of one hundred and ninety-two, and a rich legacy in the impress of a godly life, which shall stimulate christian activities in the years to come. The pastors following Mr. Cressy were: Rev. Daniel Eldridge, two and a half years; Rev. D. B. Cheney, five and one half years ; Rev. Henry Davis, five years; Rev. D. A. Crandall, seven and one fourth years; Rev. George S. Chase, one and one-fourth year; and Rev. J. W. Osborne, five years. In 1869, the church building, erected in 1840, was removed and enlarged, at an outlay of eight thousand dollars, and will cost, when the tower is completed, about thirteen thousand dollars. The number of members, in 1873, was about three hundred and fifty, there being a large and efficient Sunday-school, under the superintendence of L. D. Myers, and two mission schools—one in the north, and one (at Mount Airy), in the northeast part of the city. The pastor, at that time, was Rev. I. F. Stidman, of Philadelphia, who commenced his labors October 1, 1872. The trustees,-of the church were: Dr. J. M. Wheaton, L. D. Myers, Jeffrey Powell, B. J. Loomis, L. L. Smith, Abel Hildreth, and A. B. Lawrence; James Somers being the clerk, and Charles E. Batterson, treasurer. Mr. Stidman is still the master. SECOND BAPTIST CHURCH. This is an organization formed in the year 1837, and had, in the year 1872, a membership numbering three hundred. The church is located at the southeast corner of Gay and Lazelle streets, and has a flourishing Sunday-school, containing one hundred and twenty pupils. The pastor, at the above date, was Rev. James Poindexter, and the superintendent of the Sunday-school was Wm. H. Roney. At the same date, the other church officers were: A. Lewis, M. McGee, J. Dickey, James Shelton, M. Trent, trustees; J. Hooper, E. Trent, C. Houston, N. Lynn, J. Johnson, deacons. The Rev. Mr. Poindexter is still the pastor of the Second Baptist church. SHILOH BAPTIST CHURCH. This church is located on east Long, between Third and High streets. At a meeting, held on the eighth of August, 1869, an organization was effected, with a membership of fifty-five. Prominent among the members were elders James Shewcraft and F. Mitchell. In November, 1871, Colman C. Smith purchased the present church building, from John Miller, banker, at a cost of four thousand, two hundred dollars. The officers of the church, at the same date, were as follows: Henry Hill, Henry Allen, W. B. Ferguson, C. Richardson, James Shelton, Robert Johnson, and Wayman Baley, deacons; C. C. Smith, C. K. Harris, N. Baley, R. Johnson, and M. Randolph, trustees; Henry Hill, treasurer; John M. Booker, clerk. The number of members, at the above date, was one hundred and ninety. The number of Sunday-school pupils is twenty-three, with C. C. Smith as superintendent. THE UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY. The first Universalist preaching in Columbus, was about the year 1837. The first regular minister of that denomination, who preached in the city, was Rev. A. A. Davis, of Delaware county. He continued to preach here a year or two, assisted, occasionally, by other preachers, the meetings being held in the United States court house. The Rev. Mr. Saddler succeeded him, preaching at the same place, and continuing also a year or two. After an interval of two years, the Rev. Mr. Abel was engaged, and continued six months, followed by the Rev. Mr. Anderson, for about the same time, and Rev. George Rogers, who preached only for a short period. The meetings, at this time, were held in a hired room, in Mr. Buttles' building, corner of High and Friend streets. The Universalist society of Columbus was organized in March, 1845, and consisted of thirty-eight members. This organization was made under an act of the legislature, to incorporate certain churches therein named. The first board of trustees were John Greenwood, John Field, James W. Osgood, Demas Adams, and William Bambrough. The Rev. Mr. Eaton preached for the society for a few months, the Rev. Nelson Doolittle commencing his labors as pastor in October, 1845. The present church edifice was built in 1846, on a lot on.the east side of Third street, between Town and Rich streets. Mr. Doolittle resigned his charge in the fall of 1851, and was succeeded, the next spring, by Rev. N. M. Gaylord, from Lowell, Massachusetts. Mr. Gaylord continued till the fall of 1854, and then removed to Boston. During the years 1855 and 1856, Rev. Messrs. Gifford, Up