150 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO The Board met at the House of John Ankeney, present were Samuel Crumbaugh, Sam-uel Gowdy and John Ankeney, to bind out William K. Ross, who was a pauper, to John Little, to learn the art of farming. The aforesaid William K. Ross will be eight years old the 14th day of July, next. The said William K. Ross is to serve until he arrives at the age of twenty-one years, and the said John Little agrees to teach the said William all the arts and occupations of a farmer, and at the expiration of his term of service, agrees to give the said William a new Bible, a horse worth fifty dollars, and a new saddle and bridle and a freedom suit. On the same day the board bound out James Ross, aged nine years, who was the brother of William, to John Strothers to learn the art of wagon-making and farming; and they also agreed to bind out Malinda Ross, who was fourteen years of age, to Brinton Baker. Soon after the act of the Legislature granting counties the right to establish county infirmaries, the board of commissioners for Greene county ordered the purchase of land for this purpose. The tract decided upon lay on the Dayton pike, one and one-half miles west of Xenia. The record of the meeting of the board of commissioners for June 6, 1828, includes the following: The Board this day closed a contract and received a deed from Samuel Crumbaugh for 104.41 acres of land for the purpose of erecting a poor house on for the use of the County, for which they pay out of the County Treasury seven hundred dollars, four hundred of which is to be paid in hand and the balance to be paid on, or before, the 25th of January, next, possession to be given the first of April, next. This tract lies on both sides of the road, which divides it into two parts almost equal in size. On June 26, 1829, the contract for the building of the first infirmary building was let to George W. Stipp at four hundred ninety dollars and fifty cents. The building was of brick, sixty feet long, sixteen feet wide and one story high with a ceiling eight feet high. The site chosen lies north of the Dayton pike, just north of the small brook which flows across the northern and eastern portions of the county farm, and immediately to the rear of the site of the old building which was used for the Children's Home before the present beautiful structure was erected for that purpose. At first sight it might seem strange that such a remote spot should be chosen for the building, but its location was due to the fact that water could be obtained here in abundance and with convenience. In 1830 a spring house and smoke house were erected near the main building at a cost of fifty-four dollars and fifty cents and were accepted on August 31, 1830. EARLY MEETINGS OF THE DIRECTORS. On the same date that the contract for the erection of the infirmary building was let, June 26, 1828, the county commissioners elected George Townsley, William McKnight and George Galloway as directors of the in-firmary. The first meeting of the board of directors occurred on February GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 151 13, 1829, and George Townsley was chosen clerk and was appointed to go to Dayton to see how paupers were cared for there. He soon returned with the necessary information and was further delegated by the board to draw up rules and regulations which should govern the infirmary. When finished, this document contained thirteen articles, one of which follows : He [the superintendent] shall attend all the regular meals and see that the people behave themselves orderly ; that they do not begin to eat or to help themselves or each other, but wait in silence until a blessing is asked, if there is any person present who will perform that duty-, and after the meal is finished wait in the same respectful manner that thanks may be returned for the mercies extended. He shall take care that the victuals be well and seasonably dressed ; that the rooms be swept out and the beds be made everyday, necessary for comfort and health; that the straw in the beds be changed once a month in the summer season, and that the house and tenants be kept clean from vermin ; that the people be clean and decent in their clothes and have clean linen to shift once a week. On February 19, 1829, the directors advertised for a person to serve as superintendent of the infirmary, and at the same meeting each director was assigned townships in which he was to ascertain the number of paupers. At the meeting on March 13, 1829, William Ellis, a Quaker, was appointed superintendent with a salary of two hundred and fifty dollars a year, and he was ordered, after signing his name to the rules and regulations as given above, to "provide for the use of the institution four short-posted bedsteads and cords, also three feather beds and one of chaff or straw ; three blankets for each bed; two pillows and a bolster for each; and four extra pillows; also four underbeds of tow linen filled with straw or chaff; also four pair andirons; also one large square table and one small one ; also three arm chairs, plain, split-bottom." At the same time Ellis reserved the right to send his children to school, four at a time for three months, since he was the father of seven children at that time. THE SECOND INFIRMARY BUILDING. As the population of the county increased, the number of inmates of the county infirmary grew so large that a more commodious building became necessary in which to house them. In 1840 the original building was torn down and a new brick structure, forty feet wide, one hundred feet long and two stories high, was erected just in front of the site of the old building. In 1859 a wing- was added to the east end of the building, the improvement costing $1,831.50, of which $657 was paid to William Sheppard for the car-penter work and painting and $1,174.50 to Aniel Rogers for the brick and stone work. Sometime afterward a small building for the housing of in-sane inmates was built a few paces to the east of the main structure. By this time the management of the infirmary, which had been efficient, had brought the greater part of the farm under cultivation. 152 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO THE PRESENT BUILDING. The constant increase in the number of inmates made the second in-firmary building inadequate, and in view of this fact a new, and the latest building for this purpose, was erected in 1869 on that part of the county farm across the Dayton pike. This building is one hundred and fifty feet long-, fifty feet wide and contains three stories and a basement. The cost of this building, the outbuildings and steam fixtures was seventy-five thousand dollars. Sometime later a wing was added to the south side of the building to provide a place for the lodgment of insane inmates and the old structure which was erected across the road for this purpose in 1840 was made into a chapel and school house for the Greene County Children's Home. This wing is not now used for the housing of insane inmates who can be quickly taken to state institutions. The infirmary is well fitted for the care of the county's unfortunates, having a sufficient number of baths and other conveniences. The building is steam heated, and in summer the broad lawn in front of the building is beautifully kept and studded with beds of beautiful flowers. The present superintendent and matron of the infirmary are Matthias S. Smith and wife, who have served in these respective capacities since 1915. INFIRMARY SUPERINTENDENTS. Since the establishment of the county infirmary several men have served in the capacity of superintendent. The early superintendents were William Ellis, 1828-31; William McIntosh, 1831-33; R. T. Marshall, 1833- 34 ; John Crowl, 1834-38; John Gibson, 1838-41, and John Bowers, 1841- 46. Among the latter ones are Jonathan Adams, John Gibson, William Mayner, George Barnes, H. Gram, John R. Sutton and Matthias S. Smith, the present superintendent. PRESENT MANAGEMENT OF THE INFIRMARY Up to the year 1913 the affairs of the county infirmary had been ad-ministered by infirmary directors who were elected by the people for three-year terms, one member of the three being chosen each year, but the Gen-eral Assembly of the state in 1910 passed a law abolishing the office and placing the duties upon the county commissioners. The commissioners assumed control of the infirmary- on January 2, 1913, after the retiring directors. The commissioners in the capacity of infirmary directors now hold meetings for the administration of the affairs of this institution regu-larly each month, when they carefully examine the conditions of the infirm-ary and the inmates, the manner in which they are fed, and clothed. They also ascertain what labor the inmates are required to perform and the com-missioners also inspect the books and accounts of the superintendent. GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 153 PRESENT CONDITION OF THE INFIRMARY. In 1917 the total population of the infirmary during the year was 142, of which 'To were male and 32 female. The number remaining at the close of the year was 77, with 59 males and 18 females. The total expense of maintaining the institution, including out-door relief, for the year was $16,354.96 and the total receipts from the production of the farm amounted to $2,425.52. The amount then used from the county poor fund for the infirmary was $13,929.4.4. The average cost per week for each inmate during 1917 was approximately $3.77. The area of the farm has not been increased over the extent of the original tract, and the number of acres now under cultivation is eighty-five. The value of the land, buildings, furnish-ings, machinery, live stock, implements and other property is estimated at $73,000. The infirmary is capable of accommodating one hundred inmates. As a matter of comparison, it is of interest to note the expenditures tor poor relief in the county in 1840. This report of the directors of the in-firmary, dated June 1, 184.0, is the earliest one found. There was expended for paupers in the infirmary, $342.14 1/4; for outside relief, $110; for transporting pauper's to the poor house, $47.75; for the salary of the superintendent, John Gibson, $35,b. The total expenditure for that year was $847.89 1/4. THE COUNTY POOR FUND. The indigent residents of the county cost the taxpayers a large sum annually for out- and indoor relief. The county levy for purposes of poor relief during 1917 was twenty-five hundredths of one mill. The total tax and the balance from 1916 was $25,835.4o and the total amount paid out during the year was $21,960.93. The balance to be carried forward to the year 1918 is $3,874.47. THE GREENE COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME. After the completion of the present infirmary building the old structure on the north side of the Dayton pike was occupied by the colored indigents of the county for several years. But in 188o the board of directors decided to transfer all the colored adults to the main building and lodge the children m the quarters in the old building thus vacated. Before this action of the board the children were lodged along with the adults, but this condition was far from satisfactory. The aim in caring for indigent children it was held, should be not only to satisfy their physical needs, but also to surround them with such influences that they might be good citizens on reaching maturity. This then accounts for the action of the board in establishing the children's home. 154 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO THE FIRST CHILDREN'S HOME. The building which served as the first Greene County Children's Home was erected in 1840 to be used as the infirmary. Before the building was occupied by the children, several changes were made in its arrangement and equipment to suit the needs of the incoming occupants. The basement was used for a bakery and store room. On the first floor were located the kitchen, the dining room, which had a seating capacity of forty, the matron's apartments, the reception room and the lodging rooms of the inmates. On the second floor were the children's dormitories. The first matron was Mrs. E. Bryant, the widow of Reverend Bryant, the first colored Baptist minister to occupy a pulpit in Xenia. East of the main building was the old struc-ture, two stories in height, which was used for insane inmates of the in-firmary. This building was made over into school rooms and a chapel. The school rooms occupied the lower floor and in the upper story religious services were held every Sabbath. This building burned in 1891. The old infirmary building which was used as the first children's home remained standing until after the present building was turned over to the trustees in 1912. It was first thought that the old building would be used as a hospital, but it was finally torn down. THE PRESENT CHILDREN'S HOME. This is a beautiful buff-colored, pressed-brick structure, located near the Dayton & Xenia traction line, a short distance northeast of the infirmary. It is a credit to the county and it speaks well for the philanthropic attitude of the community, which is expressed in such a sensible, fitting and lasting manner. It had been known for several years that there was a pressing need in the county for a modern children's home. As was said before, the first building had been erected in 1840 and was sadly out of date and, from its very nature, presented little opportunity for improvement. Hence the commissioners decided in 1910 to erect a new children's home which would be modern in every detail. The first appropriation of twenty-five thousand dollars was made in that year for the new building, and to do this it was found necessary to transfer $9,181.45 from the tuberculosis-hospital fund to the children's-home fund. The contract for the excavation of the basement and the building of the foundation was let to the Dice Brothers on July 1, 1910, and the work was begun shortly afterward. Later the same firm was successful in getting the contract for the erection of the house for $25,810. This amount, with the $3,790 for heating and ventilation and other appropriations for other details in the construction and furnishing, brought the entire cost of the home well over the thirty-thousand-dollar mark. The GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 155 building was finally completed in the early part of 1912 and was turned over to the trustees of the home on February 2, 1912. Not only has this building a very pleasing exterior, but it is modern in every respect, containing a school room, airy dormitories and all the necessary appurtenances of a modern children's home. The present matron of the home is Miss Mary H. Bankerd, under whose careful management the institution thoroughly performs the work for which it was intended. This institution is under the control of four trustees appointed by the county commissioners. At first the appointment was for three years, but later the tenure was extended to four years, its present length. One member of the board is retired each year, thus insuring at least three old mem-bers on the board. They receive no salary. The members of the present board of trustees are A. S. Frazer, Grant Miller, W. W. Ferguson and O. E. Bradfute. THE BLIND OF GREENE COUNTY. One of the striking evidences of the manner in which the people of Ohio care for those who are so unfortunate as not to be able to care for themselves is seen in the provision for the 'care and maintenance of the blind. From the earliest period of the state's existence local authorities have provided for the poor and needy and during the time which has elapsed since the organization of the state numerous laws have been enacted for the care of all dependents, delinquents and defectives. The present method of caring for the blind dates from April 2, 1908, at which time the Legislature passed a bill providing for pensions for all so afflicted. The pension is granted after an investigation by proper authorities shows that the person seeking the pension is justly entitled to it. When a blind person enters the county infirmary the pension automatically ceases. The county is made the unit for the distribution of the fund which is provided by a direct tax assessed for the purpose. The county commissioners are authorized to levy a special tax not exceeding two-tenths of one mill on the dollar, the same to be collected and levied as are the other taxes of the county. THE LAW DEFINING A BLIND PERSON. The law defines a blind person as anyone who, by reason of loss of eye-sight, is unable to provide himself with the necessities of life; who has not sufficient means to maintain himself, and who, unless relieved as authorized by the act, would become a charge upon the public or upon those not required by law to support him. By an act of the General Assembly dated February 18, Dm, the county commissioners are given full power to determine the beneficiaries of this relief fund and the extent of the relief that may be 156 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO granted to each individual. The maximum relief granted to one person is one hundred and fifty dollars per annum and is payable quarterly. The commissioners also have the power to increase or decrease the amount granted each pensioner. Since the law went into effect in 1908 several blind persons of Greene county have been granted pensions. CHAPTER VII. ROSTER OF COUNTY AND STATE OFFICIALS. There is a striking difference between the number of county officials in 1803 and the number in 1918 and the difference in the salaries is no less striking. The janitor of the court house now receives a larger annual salary than the combined salaries of the clerk, recorder and auditor in 1803. At the first county election in 1803 one man was elected for three offices—clerk, recorder and auditor, and the man who performed the three-fold duties was John Paul, the proprietor of the site of Xenia, who served in this capacity until he left Greene county in 1809 for Indiana Territory where he became the proprietor of the townsite of the city of Madison. The first surveyor, which office was one of, if not the most important county office in the early years of the county's career, was James Galloway, Jr., who was appointed by the associate judges at their meeting in August, 1803. Benjamin Whiteman, William Maxwell and John Sterritt were the first associate judges and they were elected to this official position by the General Assem-bly on March 6, 1803. The first county commissioners were Jacob Smith. the miller, James Snoden and John Sterritt, the three being elected on the first Monday of April, 1804. The office of probate judge was created by the constitution of 1851 and James W. Harper became the first probate judge. A prosecuting attorney was provided for under the first constitution of the state and Daniel Symmes was the first man to serve Greene county in that capacity. The office of county treasurer was not an elective one until several years after the organization of Greene county, the office being at first an appointive one. At the first meeting of the associate judges in 1803 James Galloway, Sr., was appointed treasurer, which office he held until 1819. The first sheriff was Nathan Lamme; the first state senator was William Schenk and the first representative was John Sterritt. Greene county did not have common pleas judges until after the constitution of 1851, but the first president judge of the county was Francis Dunlavy, who was not a resident of the county, nor was he elected by the residents of the district of which he was judge. In the following pages are listed the county officials who have served the county since its organization or since the creation of the office which they held. This roster is as complete as could be compiled from the rec0rds, the office of coroner not being given in full because, from the very nature of the 158 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO office, the records thereof are not consecutive. The judges and prosecuting attorneys are listed in the chapter devoted to the bench and bar. COUNTY SURVEYOR. In the early history of the county the surveyor was undoubtedly one of the busiest of the corps of county officials, and the chapter on the organiza-tion of the county, wherein is explained the various surveys and wherein is given in detail something of the difficulties which confronted the early surveyors, makes it obvious that the office of surveyor was no sinecure. The congressional lands which lie west of the Little Miami give the county sur-veyors little difficulty, but the chief difficulty arises in the military lands east of the river. There the irregular land plats on the county map gives it the appearance of an old-fashioned "crazy quilt." As a rule the early surveyors had little technical training and many of their surveys bear evidence of their lack of engineering knowledge. Stakes were little used; dogwoods, hickories and whiteoaks serving as starting and marking points on the sur-vey, each tree being marked with "three notches fore and aft." In those early days open land was so plentiful and so cheap that no one had the in-centive to quarrel with his neighbor over a few feet or even a few rods of land. But, with the increase in the value of land came the necessity for get-ting exact surveys of the whole county. The office of surveyor in Greene county now bears little resemblance to the office as it must have been one hundred years ago. Now the surveyor and all his assistants must all be trained men and do their work so that it will bear the most searching investigation. The variation of an inch in a survey may lead to litigation and this means that all the work of the office must be done with extreme care. Since 1904 the county surveyor has had general charge of all the roads, bridges and ditches in the county and this has added materially to his duties. At this time Greene county is having platted every tract of land in the county, every farm and town lot, which will enable the administration of taxes to be placed upon an intelligent and equitable basis. Since the work has been in progress it has been found in several instances that some persons have been paying double taxation and others have not been paying on their entire holdings. Naturally this work is being done in the surveyor's office where it is being carried on by S. M. McKay, who has been connected with the surveying activities of the county for many years. Since all these different fields of activity in the office of county surveyor add to the responsibility of that official position, an expert is demanded for the place, and this fact is reflected in the fact that the salary attached to the office is one of the highest paid in the local public service. The following men have served Greene county in the capacity of county GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 159 surveyor from 1803 to 1918 : James Galloway, Jr., 1803-1816; Moses Collier, 181671830; Robert Watson, 1830-1834; Moses Collier, 1834-1841; Samuel T. Owens, 1841-1853; Washington Galloway, 1853-1878; L. Riddell, 1878-1893; G. A. McKay, 1893-1909; 1909-1913; S. M. McKay, 1909- 1913; Joseph M. Fawcett, 1913-. COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. The office of county commissioner did not exist in Ohio in 1803, the year in which Greene county was erected, and the work of the commissioners was carried on by the associate judges who set aside a session for the transaction of county business. The board of county commissioners was created on February 14, 1804, by an act of the General Assembly. An elec-tion was held on the first Monday of April, 1804, and on June 1, 1804, Jacob Smith, James Snoden and John Sterritt presented certificates of their election and on this day the board held its first session at the house of Peter Borders on Beaver creek. As the term of the county commissioners was placed at three years, one member of the board being elected annually, these first commissioners drew lots for rank and Jacob Smith drew for three years, John Sterritt for two and James Snoden for one. The electors of the county continued to elect a commissioner annually until the Legislature changed the term of county officials in 19̊6. It was then that the term of the commissioner was placed at two years and all three were to be elected at the same time. The act provided that its provisions would go into effect in 1909, thus giving -the officers the chance to finish their terms. The fol-lowing list of county commissioners is as accurate as the historian was able to determine, the election of one member of the board each year causing considerable difficulty in compiling the list: Jacob Smith, Tames Snoden and John Sterritt, 1804; Jacob Smith, James Snoden and John McLane, 1805; James Snoden, John McLane and William Beatty, 1806; James Snoden, John McLane and Andrew Read, 1807; John McLane, Andrew Read and James Morrow, 1808-1809; Andrew Read, James Morrow and William Buckles, 1810; James Morrow, William Buckles and John Haines, 1811; William Buckles, John Haines and Samuel Gamble, 1812; John Haines, Thomas Hunter and Peter Pelham, 1813; Thomas Hunter, Peter Pelham and Benjamin Grover, 1814-1815; Thomas Hunter, Samuel Gamble and Peter Pelham, 1816; Thomas Hunter, Samuel Gamble and John Haines, 1817; Thomas Hunter, John Haines and David Conley, 1818; Thomas Hunter, David Conley and Peter Pelham, 1819; David Conley, Peter Pelham and John Sterritt, 1820; David Conley, John Sterritt and William Buckles, 1821; David Conley, John Sterritt and Stephen Bell, 1822; John Sterritt, Stephen Bell and Samuel Shaw, 1823- 160 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO 1824.; Samuel Shaw, Stephen Bell and William Buckles, 1825; Stephen Bell, William Buckles and Mathias Winans, 1826; William Buckles, Mathias Winans and Simeon Dunn, 1827; William Buckles, Simeon Dunn and Samuel Gowdy, 1828; William Buckles, Samuel Gowdy and John Barber, 1829- 1831; William Buckles, John Barber and John Fudge, 1832; William Buckles, John Fudge and Ryan Gowdy, 1833-1834; John Fudge, Ryan Gowdy and T. G. Bates, 1835-1836; John Fudge, Daniel Lewis and E. Steel, 1837-1839; John Fudge, Daniel Lewis and Bennet Lewis, 1840-1841 ; Bennet Lewis, Daniel Lewis and James C. Johnson, 1842-1843; Ben-net Lewis, James C. Johnson and Jo Kendall, 1844; Bennet Lewis, John Kendall and John Fudge, 1845-1846; Bennet Lewis, John Fudge and James McMillan, 1847; John Fudge, James McMillan and- John Keiler, 1848; William Reid, Bennet Lewis and John Keiler, 1849; John Keiler, William Reid and Jonas Janney, 1850; William Reid, Jonas Janney and John Harbine, 1851 ; William Reid, Jonas Janney and John Little, 1852; William Reid, John Little and James C. Johnson, 1853; John Little, James C. Johnson and A. H. Baughman, 1854-1855; John Little, A. H. Baugh-man and John Fudge, 1856; A. H. Baughman, John Fudge and Robert Jackson, 1857-1861 ; A. H. Baughman, Robert Jackson and S. E. Bennett, 1862; A. H. Baughman, S. E. Bennett and John G. Clemens, 1863-1864; A. H. Baughman, E. Bennett and D. McMillan, Jr., 1865; A. H. Baughman, D. McMillan, Jr., and J. H. Brotherton, 1866; D. McMillan, J. H. Brotherton and A. Trader, 1867-1869; D. McMillan, J. H. Brotherton and Aaron Spangler, 1870; J. H. Brotherton, Aaron Spangler and G. Snider, 1871; A. Spangler, G. Snider and H. Steel, 1872; G. Snider, H. Steel and David Rader, 1873; H. Steel, David Rader and John B. Allen, 1874; H. Steel, David Rader and William Watt, 1875; John B. Allen, J. S. Stevenson and William Watt, 1876-1880; William Watt, John S. Stevenson and John B. Allen, 1881-1883; William Watt, John S. Stevenson and Alfred Johnson; 1883; John S. Stevenson, Alfred Johnson and H. H. Conklin, 1884; Moses A. Walton, Alfred Johnson and H. H. Conklin, 1885; Moses A. Walton, H. H. Conklin and Alfred Johnson, 1886-1889; W. H. Glotfelter, Moses A. Walton and H. H. Conklin, 1890; John B. Stevenson, Moses A. Walton and W. M. Glotfelter, 1890-1892; John B. Stevenson, W. H. Glotfelter and J. W. Pol-lock, 1892-1894.; John B. Stevenson, W. H. Glotfelter and J. W. Pollock, 1894-1896; John B. Stevenson, J. W. Pollock and John Fudge, 1897; John B. Stevenson, John Fudge and Lewis Smith, 1897-1901; R. H. Nash, John Fudge and Lewis Smith, 1902; R. H. Nash, Lewis Smith and John W. Hedges, 1903; R. H. Nash, John W. :Hedges and John W. Smith, 1902-1906; R. H. Nash, Joshua Barrett, A. G. Carpenter and John W. Smith, 1907; John W. Smith, J. F. Harshman and A. G. Carpenter, 1907-19̊9; I. T. Cum- GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 161 mins, J. F. Harshman and R. D. Williamson, T911-1915; C. M. Austin, J. C. Conwell and R. D. Williamson, 1915-1918; George N. Perri11, Robert Corry and R. D. Williamson. TREASURER. The office of county treasurer has been in existence since the organization of the county, for on August 4, 1803, the associate judges appointed James Galloway, Sr., to this office, for which he was allowed three per cent. of all the taxes collected for the safe keeping and the paying out of all money. For 1804 the amount of his salary was about fourteen dollars. The complete list of the treasurers who have served Greene county from its organization to the present (1918) follow: James Galloway, Sr., 1803-1819; Ryan Gowdy, 1819-1820; Tinsley Heath, 1820- I 82 I ; James Gowdy, 1821-1824; Hugh Hamill, 1824-1825; James Gowdy, 1825-1828; Samuel Newcomb, 1828-1840; Alfred Trader, 1840-1852; Brinton Baker, 1852-1856; John Louck, 1856-1858; David Medsker, 1858-1862; Daniel Lewis, 1862-1863; F. A. McClure, 1863-1864; Richard Galloway, 1864-1868; Henry Barnes, 1868-1872; Robert Steven-son, 1872-1876; L. Arnold, 1876-1880; J. H. Cooper, 1880-1884; Frank E. McGervey, 1884-1888; James A. Johnston, 1888-1892; Joshua P. Ogglesbee, 1892-1896; John A. Nesbet, 1896-1900; Asa Little, 1902-1906; Oscar R. Kauffman, 1906-1909; Rankin R. Greive, 1909-1915; John H. McVay, 1915-1917, and J. E. Sutton, 1917-1919. CORONER. The office of coroner was established by the constitution of 1803, but since the salary arising from 'this office was paid in fees and since the neces-sity for inquests came only intermittently, the historian has not been able to compile a complete list of the corners. Among the early incumbents of . the office were James Collier 1814-1820; David Connelly, 1820-26; James Collier, 1826-30. It has been possible by consulting the newspaper files to obtain a complete list of coroners since T881, which list follows: Clark M. Galloway, 1881-1887; A. S. Dryden, 1887-1891; M. A. Broadstone. 1896-1897; William W. McMillan, 1897-1898; Charles S. Johnson, 1898-1909; P. C. Marquart, 1909 -1917, and R. L. Haines, 1917-1919. CLERK. The office of the clerk of the common pleas court was provided for in the first constitution of the state, and each succeeding constitution adopted in the state has provided for the office. The tenure was seven years during the period of the first constitution (1803-1852); from 1852 to 1909 the ten- (11) 162 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO ure was three years; since the year last named it has been two years. The complete list of clerks from the organization of the county to the present time follows: John Paul, 1803-1809; Josiah Grover, 1809-1830; James L. Grover, 1830-1837; Thornton Marshall, 1837-1844; D. W. Brown (pro-tempore), 1844; M. Stark (pro-tempore), 1845; James J. Winans, 1846-1852; John Boyd, 1852-1861; J. G. McWirk, 1861-1864; John Orr, 1864-1882; John A. Cisco, 1882-1891; J. F. Haverstick, 1891-1900; Silas O. Hale, 1900-1909; Leroy T. Marshall, 1909-1913; J. Carl Marshall, 1913-1917, and George Sheets, 1917-1919. AUDITOR. The office of county auditor was at first associated with the office of clerk and recorder, the business of the office not being sufficiently onerous or remunerative to occupy the entire attention of one man. John Paul then was the first county auditor and he served until he left Greene county in 1809. At that time Josiah Grover became clerk, auditor and recorder and he served in this capacity until 1820 when the office of auditor was made a separate office and Peter Pelham became the first county auditor after the office became one within itself. Before 1909 the tenure was three years, but after that date it became two years. The complete list of auditors since the organization of the county until the present time follows: John Paul, 1803-18̊9; Josiah Grover, 1809-1820; Peter Pelham, 1820-1821; George Townsley, 1821-1829; William Richards, 1829-1837; T. Coke Wright, 1837-1855; James A. Scott, 1855-1857; Samuel T. Owens, 1857- 1861; William C. M. Baker, 1861-1867; Andrew S. Frazer, 1867-1883; William R. Baker, 1883-1896; John H. McPherson, 1896-1902; William Dodds, 1902-1909; Walter L. Dean, 1909-1913; and Amos E. Faulkner, 1913-1919. RECORDER. The county recorder has charge of all the deeds, mortgages and transfers concerned with all the property, both personal and real, in the county. He has more records to keep and his office is visited with more regularity by the taxpayers of the county than any other. When the county was organized in 1803, the offices of clerk, auditor and recorder were combined and for the first six years John Paul served in this triplicate capacity. It was not until 1830, which marked the end of the incumbency of Josiah Grover, that the office of recorder became a separate one under J. H. McPherson. The records in the recorder's office, as is true of those in all the other offices of the court house, are kept in excellent con-dition. The complete list of recorders from 1803 follows: GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 163 John Paul, 1803-1809; Josiah Grover, 1809-1830; J. H. McPherson, 1830-1841; James W. Harper, 1841-1844; James A. Scott, 1844-1853; M. W. Trader, 1853-1860; T. Coke 'Wright, 1860-1866; Hugh McOuiston, 1866-1877; Henry Torrence, 1877-1883; Samuel N. Adams, 1883-1901 ; M. A. Broadstone, 1901-1909; and Benjamin F. Thomas, 1909-1919. SHERIFF. The office of county sheriff is directly concerned with the enforcement of the law and is the only one that is attended with any unusual danger to life and limb. In the course of the hundred and fourteen years of its existence, the county has seen scores of desperate criminals handled by its sheriffs, but during all this time the sheriffs have performed their duty without regard to any danger which might be encountered on their part. Especially during the early history 0f the county when the jails were only improvised structures some criminals have escaped, and as one follows the commissioners' records he finds several orders for the repairs of the breaches in the county bastile which resulted from the successful attempt of some inmate, who had incurred the wrath of the law, to escape. In addition to his duties in maintaining the peace and in apprehending violators of the law, the sheriff of the early days was the collector of taxes. The first record book of the minutes of the court of common pleas contains an order for the clerk to turn dyer to Nathan Lamme, the first sheriff of the county, the tax lists. The sheriff then notified the residents of a certain community that on a specified day he would be at the house of one of the residents for collecting the tax from the surrounding neighborhood. Since silver specie was scarce in those days and since the tax bill of any person seldom failed to have a fractional cent included, the Mexican dollars then in circulation in those days had to be cut. When the sheriff started to that neighborhood from which he intended collecting the tax on a certain day, he carried in his saddle bag a hammer and cold chisel for cutting the specie of larger denominations into the requisite size. The tenure of the office of sheriff has always been two years and the names of those who have served the county in this capac-ity are as follows: Nathan Lamme, 1803-1805; William Maxwell, 1805-1807; James Collier, 1807-1814; John Hivling, 1814-1815; James Popenoe, 1815-1819; John Smith, 1819-1824. ; James Popenoe, 1824-1830; James A. Scott, 1830-1832; Amos Quinn, 1832-1838; James A. Scott, 1838-1840; W. C. Robinson, 1840-1842; C. L. Merrick, 1842-1844; Daniel Lewis, 1844-1846; Samuel Harry, 1846-1850; C. Wilkins, 1850-1854; Daniel Lewis, 1854-1858; Samuel Crumbaugh, 1858-1862; Henry Barnes, 1862-1866; Robert Stevenson, 1866-1870; William H. Glotfelter, 1870-1874; James Harvey Kyle, 1874-1877; James McCann, 1877-1883; James A. Johnston, 1883-1887; C. 164 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO W. Linkhart, 1887-1891; William Dodds, 1891-1895; R. R. Grieve, 1895- 1899; E. C. Beall, 1899-1903; F. T. Tarbox, 1903-1907; Howard Applegate, 1907-1913; W. B. McCalister, 1913-1915, and Frank A. Jackson, 1915-1919. STATE REPRESENTATIVE. Since Greene county was not organized until 1803 it did not receive representation in the General Assembly in the first session, but in the second legislative session of 1803 and 1804 this county with that of Warren, Montgomery, Butler and a part of Hamilton counties was represented by Samuel Dick. It was not, however, until the third session of the Legislature that this county had individual representation in the person of John Sterritt. The following men have represented Greene county in the Legislature since its organization: Samuel Dick, 1803-1804; John Sterritt, 1805; Joseph Tatman, 1806- 1807; John McKnight, 1808; Joseph Tatman, 1809; James Morrow, 1810; John McKnight, 1811; David Huston, 1812; Jacob Smith, 1813; David Huston, 1814; William Tatman, 1815; James Morrow, 1816; Joseph Tatman, 1817; Stephen Bell. 1818; James Popenoe, 1819; Joseph Johnson, 1820; William M. Townsley, 1821-1823; Joseph Kyle, 1824; James B. Gardiner, 1825; Robert Dobbins, 1826-1827; David Huston, 1828; Moses Collier, 1829; Simeon Dunn, 1830-1831; Aaron Harlan, 1832; James A. Scott, 1833; Robert Jackson, 1834; Amos Quinn, 1835; Isaac S. Perkins, 1836-1837; Joseph Kyle, 1838; James A. Scott, 1839-1840; John Fudge, 1841-1842; John Keiler, 1843; Elias F. Drake, 1844-1845; John Keiler, 1846; Charles F. Drake, 1847; Roswell F. Howard, 1848; William Fair-child, 1849-1850; (new constitution, 1851), Joseph G. Gest, 1852-1855; Moses D. Gatch, 1856-1859; Aaron Harlan, 1860-1861; John M. Miller, 1862-1863; Camaralza H. Spahr, 1864-1865; R. F. Howard, 1866-1869; John Little, 1870-1873; Isaac M. Barrett, 1874-1879; J. W. Green, 1878- 1882; Joseph G. Gest, 1882-1886; Benjamin W. Arnett, 1886-1888; An-drew Jackson, 1888-1892; John B. Allen, 1892-1894; J. B. Cummings, 1894-1898; J. J. Snider, 1898-1900; Horace Ankeney, 1900-1903; George Little, 1903-1908; James Lewis, 1908-1912; S. C. Anderson, 1912-1914; W. B. Bryson, 1914.-1918. STATE SENATORS. After Greene county was erected into one of the civil divisions of the state in 1803, it was represented in the state Senate, along with Hamilton, Warren, Montgomery and Butler counties, by John Bigger and William C. Schenk, in the second legislative session during the years 1803 and 1804. During the third general session of 1804 and 1805, this county was included GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 165 in a senatorial district which also included Warren and Montgomery coun-ties, which district was represented by John Bigger and William C. Schenk. During the fourth session this district, composed of the same counties, was represented by John Bigger and Jacob Smith in the year 1804 and 1805. When the fifth legislative session met on December 1, 1806, there had been a change in the senatorial district which contained Greene county, for to the counties of Warren, Butler, Montgomery and Greene the newly erected county of Champaign was added. The district was then represented in the state senate by Jacob Smith and Richard S. Thomas. At the next conven-ing of the state senate on December 7, 1807, still another change had been made in the district, for to this district which already contained Warren, Butler, Montgomery, Greene, and Champaign counties, Miami county was added. In that session the district was represented by John Big-ger and Richard S. Thomas. From 1808 to 1812, including the seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth sessions, Greene county constituted a separate senatorial district, and was rep-resented by Jacob Smith, 1808-1809; John Sterritt, 1810, and Jacob Smith, 1811. From the eleventh to the thirty-fifth sessions Greene and Clinton counties formed a senatorial district. The state senators during this period from 1812 to 1836 were as follows: Jacob Smith, 1812-1813; William Buckles, 1814-1815; Jacob Smith, 1816-1817; William R. Cole, 1818-1821; John Alexander, 1822-1823 ; Samuel H. Hale, 1824-1825; James B. Gardiner, 1826-1827; Samuel H. Hale, 1828-1829; William Ellsberry, 1830-1833; Joshua Yeo, 1834-1835. Greene county was joined with Fayette and Madison counties in 1835. The senators from this district were John Arbuckle, 1836-1838, and Aaron Harlan, 1838-1840. Beginning with the thirty-seventh session and continuing until the forty-third, Warren and Greene counties formed a senatorial district which was represented in the state senate by Isaac Perkins, 1840-1841; William H. P. Denny, 1842-1843. The senator for 1844 is not on record. Evidently some redistricting had been done, for Warren county was joined with Montgomery in the forty-third session of 1844 and 1845. Greene county apparently was not represented in the state Senate in that year ; at least there is no record to the effect of its having a senator, although it. was undoubtedly united with Warren. At the forty-fourth session of the Legislature in 1845-1846 Greene, Fayette and Clinton counties were formed into a senatorial district which was represented by Burnham Martin, 1845-1846, and Franklin Corwin, 1847-1848. 166 - GREENE COUNTY, OHIO The convening of the forty-eighth session in 1848 and 1849 witnessed another change in the representation of this county in the state Senate, for Warren, Greene and Clinton counties formed a district. This arrangement obtained until 1850, when the constitutional convention met for the draft-ing of the Constitution of 1851. Aaron Harlan represented this district in 1849 and David Linton in 1850.   During the constitutional convention 1850-1851) Aaron Harlan represented Greene county in the deliberations of that body. In article XI, section 7, of this document the state was divided into thirty-three senatorial districts and the counties of Greene, Fayette and Clinton were erected into the fifth senatorial district. This arrangement continued from the fiftieth session until the seventieth (1852-1892). The senators during this period were the following: John Fudge, 1852; Isaac S. Wright, 1854-1856; Nelson Rush, 1856-1858; James J. Winans, 1858-1860; John Q. Smith, 1860-1862; Mills Gardner, 1862-1864; John F. Patton, 1864-1866; A. W. Doan, 1866- 1868; Samuel N. Yeoman, 1868-1870; Moses D. Gatch, 1870-1872; John O. Smith, 1872-1874; Samuel N. Yeoman, 1874-1876; A. Spangler, 1876-1878; Thomas S. Jackson, 1878-1880; A. R. Creamer, 1880-1882; Coates Kinney, 1882-1884; Jesse N. Oren, 1884-1886; Madison Pavey, 1886-1888; Isaac M. Barrett, 1888-1890; and Jesse N. Oren, 1890-1892. A new apportionment of senatorial districts was made in the sixty-ninth session of the Legislature wherein the fifth district, of which Greene county is a member, was joined to the sixth. This fifth and sixth senatorial districts is composed of these counties: Fayette, Greene, Clinton, Highland and Ross. This arrangement has continued until the present time. Since 1892 until the present the senators have been the following: F. G. Carpenter, 1892-1894; James M. Hughey, 1894-1896; Charles F. Howard, 1896-1898; Byron Lutz, 1898-1900; Thomas W. Marchant, 1900-1902 ; James G. Carson, 1902-1904 ; Thomas M. Watts, 1904-1906 ; F. C. Arbenz, 1906-1908; Frank M. Clevenger, 1908-1910; Coke L. Doster and G. W. Holdren, 1910-1912; M. A. Broadstone, 1912-1914; Jesse B. Mallow, 1914-1916, and U. G. Murrell, 1916-1918. GREENE COUNTY OFFICIALS IN 1918. The following table gives the list of all the county officials in 1918, together with their salaries. The salaries of all county officials are payable at the end of each month and, with very few exceptions, all the officials have a fixed salary. The coroner is the only official in the county whose salary is made up of fees. The county surveyor formerly received certain fees, but the White-Mulcahy act of the 1917 Legislature placed him on a straight salary and provided for the reversion of all fees to the county. He was formerly allowed fifty dollars a month for tax-map drafting. Beginning GREENE COUNTY, OHIO - 167 with June 28, 1917, the surveyor was placed on a straight salary basis, the same as all other officials of the county except the coroner. Some officials are allowed a per diem for the time actually spent ; others get only their expenses ; still others serve without pay. The following table gives the names of the county officials on April 1, 1918 :