1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Cyrus P. Beatty (1807). Nicholas Saithache, Jacob Shaffner. William M. Ferguson Isaiah Mcllyar. William Smith. Robert Burns. James M. Smith. James 0. Grimes.

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Francis Creighton. Edwin R. Nyce. William McDonald. C. L. Madison. W. H. H. Mcllyar. James R. Barr. Alpheus L. Stevens, present incumbent

In one of the old newspaper files the following schedule of the early- day stage lines and mail service has been discovered. The mail left Bradshaw (now Fairview) en route to Zanesville, via Beymerstown (now Washington), a distance of forty-five miles, making it in fifteen and a half hours. It was a triweekly mail service, the mail being carried on horseback. Fairview was laid out as a town in 1814. The card shows: Mail going westward, leaves Bradshaw every Monday morning, Wednesdays and Fridays, at just half past three in the morning, and arrives at Cambridge at eleven-fifteen in the morning; at Oliver, by four in the afternoon, at Zanesville at Seven in the evening. The item above mentioned in the newspaper file was the reproduction of an old crumpled- up paper wrapped up with some pills in a box, the same having been carefully laid away decades ago by some careful housewife of Guernsey county. 254 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. From the author's pen in an article written for the Cambridge Jeffersonian, in October, 1906, the following was written concerning post- office matters in this city : "The west side of the lot, not No. 22, but No. 21, was not built on till 1848. The postoffice had been down street for many years. After the election of Gen. Zachary Taylor, President, it was claimed by the uptown citizens that the postoffice should be removed toward them. Peter Ogier had built by the home of Thomas Scott, the father of T. W. Scott, of this city, a postoffice building on the northwest corner of the lot. It was one story and contained two rooms. "After the inauguration of President Taylor, March 4, 1849, this building was ready for occupation by the Whig postmaster, William Smith, who was soon after appointed. James M. Smith, his brother, was his deputy. He was known as "lame Jimmy Smith." It was divided into two rooms; the outside or waiting room was large, and the room for the boxes and office matter was large enough for the postoffice business of that day. There were seats around the room for the accommodation of persons waiting for the mails to he distributed. "At that time there were two daily mails, carried by the stagecoaches on the old pike; one from the east in the forenoon and one from the west in the afternoon, that began soon after the opening of the old pike. Before that the mails on the Wheeling road were uncertain as to their arrival, and not always daily. There were regular tri-weekly mails from Steubenville, over the grade road, carried in stages, but in the winter the mails were carried on horseback. "The postoffice was kept there during the Taylor and Fillmore administrations. Some years later, the present drug room, now being remodeled, was built. Dr. S. B. Clark had succeeded the Nattels, and the store was known, both the old and the new room, as the Ogier and Clark drug store, down to 1857, when Peter Ogier became sole proprietor, the name being Ogier's Drug Store. After his death, it was continued by his son, the late John M. Ogier." The first postmaster in Cambridge, C. P. Beatty, made a letter-box himself and it has served in such capacity ever since, with additional fixtures as the times demanded them. The postal route was then from Wheeling to Zanesville, and was established about i8o8. Letters were first carried by travelers passing through the country. The postal rate was high and was fixed according to the distance carried. If from Philadelphia to Washington, it was twenty-five to thirty cents. The first GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 255 post-boy to carry mail from Cambridge to Zanesville was John Magiffen, who became a soldier in the war of 1812, and is buried in the old Cambridge cemetery. A POSTOFFICE "PRIMARY" INCIDENT. Cold primaries in April sometimes grow warm, and the exciting one in this city April 2d with the Republicans was not an entirely new thing in Cambridge, excepting, perhaps, as to the use of whisky, money, etc. We now record the account of a Democratic one that took place more than three score years ago. In April, 184o, the Cambridge post-office became vacant by the resignation of Jacob Shaffner, a Democrat, and the following public call was issued : PUBLIC MEETING. "The citizens of Cambridge and vicinity are requested to meet at the court house on Monday evening, April 20th, for the purpose of advising on a suitable person to be recommended to fill the position of postmaster in this place. "A general attendance is requested. "MANY CITIZENS." This meeting was organized by appointing Joseph Stoner chairman. He was the father of Mayor Jim Stoner, of Georgetown, and John Bute, who was secretary, was an uncle of Capt. J. B. Ferguson, of this city. It was understood that the persons voted for should be Democrats and the ones receiving the greatest number of votes should be recommended for appointment. The chairman's hat, a large, white wool hat, was the ballot box. The Whigs turned out in force, being in the majority, and decided that they would vote for William Smith, a Whig, who was deputy postmaster. Chairman Stoner, thinking there was some trick being played by the Whigs, declared the polls closed, put on his hat, ballots and all, and adjourned the meeting. The votes were never counted. While the leading Democrats were trying to agree on a candidate to again be voted for and recommended for appointment, old Billy Ferguson had been quietly working, through his brother John, an official in Washington City, and before the next voting time arrived, old Billy received the commission and took charge of the office. The abrupt closing of the polls by Chairman Stoner had the effect of securing the appointment of the very man the Democrats were most opposed to, and Stoner was accused of usurping authority in the interest of Ferguson. 256 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. The Democratic wrangle succeeding this appointment, for fear Van Buren might be re-elected, did not cease until General Harrison was elected, and Isaac Mcllyar, a Whig, was appointed to the office succeeaing Ferguson. The Cambridge office became a postal money order office in the month of December, 1871, and the money order business that month amounted to two thousand, eight hundred and thirty-three dollars. The money order business for the month of October, 1910, was fifteen thousand, three hundred and thirty-seven dollars and fifty-six cents, received on orders isued from this point, and four thousand, three hundred and seventeen dollars on orders paid out from this office. Cambridge had a free delivery of mail in the winter of 1898-99. At first there were three carriers, but today there are seven. The first rural route was started from Cambridge in 1900, and it has increased to ten in 191o. The routes average about twenty-four miles each and give the farming community excellent mail facilities, allowing them to receive their daily papers the same as though they resided in the city. The postal savings bank system was inaugurated at Cambridge at the close of 1910. The office has been in its present quarters thirteen years. FIRST TELEGRAPH IN CAMBRIDGE. "On Monday last an office of the National Telegraph Company was opened at this place, in the room over Nyce & Matthews' drug store, and Tames D. Hoge, of Zanesville, appointed operator. This will be a matter of great convenience to our citizens, and especially to our business men. For the information of our readers, we have procured from Mr. Hoge the following schedule of charges for telegraphing a dispatch of one to ten words, and the charge for each additional word: "For ten words to Wheeling, twenty-five cents; Steubenville, Zanesville, Columbus, the same. From Cambridge to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, thirty cents. To Louisville, forty cents; Baltimore, sixty-five cents; Philadelphia, seventy-five cents; New York, ninety cents; New Orleans, one dollar and eighty cents. Two cents per word for each word over ten."—From the Cambridge Times, 1854. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 257 MUNICIPAL HISTORY. Cambridge was incorporated in 1837 and had for its first officers: W. W. Tracey, mayor; Moses Sarchet, recorder. This was for the "village" corporation. This continued until May 6, 1895, when the place had reached a population of five thousand, nine hundred and seventy- five and was then made a "city." The various mayors have served in the following order: 1838—J. M. Bell. 1840—Isaac Mcllyar. 1841—Nathan Evans. 1841—J. M. Bushfield. 1842—R. D. Sohnon. 1842—J. M. Bushfield. 1844-1845—J. M. Bushfield. (No record to 1855.) 1855-1857—Nathan Evans. 1861—J. M. Bushfield. 1868—Moses Sarchet. 1872—Elza Turner. 1873—E. W. Mathews. 1874—E. W. Mathews. 1874—Ross W. Anderson. 1875—Ross W. Anderson. 1878-1882—William M. Farrer. 1882—William Wharton. 1883-1884—William Wharton. 1885-1887—James E. Lawrence. 1888—R. T. Scott. 1890-1894—James R. Barr. 1894-1896—J. C. Longsworth. 1897-1898—H. W. Luccock. 1898-190o         A. M. Baxter. 1900-19o4—J. A. Smallwood. 1904-1998—W. R. Bradford. 19o8-1911—R. M. Allison. The city offices are now in leased rooms on the second floor of the Cambridge Building & Loan Company's block, on Wheeling avenue. They removed from the Burgess building to the present place in 1910; before that they were in the Taylor block for a number of years. Since becoming a city the improvements have been many and of a modern city type. They are now over twelve miles of street paving and about twenty-five miles of sanitary sewers. The city now owns its water works system, constructed at a cost .of sixty thousand dollars, with a stand-pipe pressure system. Bonds were issued for these works, and at present the city is about to enlarge its water works plant and secure more and better quality of pure water, the present supply coming from Wills creek. The fire department is of the volunteer kind and is equipped with an old "steamer," many years in use, and a good hook and ladder equipment. 258 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. The streets are illuminated by arc lights furnished by the Midland Power and Light Company under a ten-year contract. From the city extends out through the surrounding country the great National pike and other first-class macadamized roads. The present officers of the city are as follows: Mayor, R. M. Allison; clerk, C. L. Blackburn, who is an old and capable newspaper man, who is now serving his third term in this capacity; auditor, W. J. Hood;. treasurer, W. W. Lawrence; solicitor, S. C. Carnes; director of service, E. W. Boden ; superintendent of water works, J. I. Kidd; director of safety, J. E. Gregg; chief of fire department, C. C. Long; superintendent of cemeteries, Charles Campbell; chief of police, John A. Long; patrolmen, H. W. Merideth, John Middleton and J. W. Gilmore; Dr. W. T. Ramsey, health officer ; city engineer, J. T. Fairchild. The city council is composed of the following: D. L. Rankin, president ; J. B. Bratton, H. A. Forsythe and J. B. Clark, councilmen-at-large; T. W. Fowler, from first ward ; M. Thorla, second ward; 0. M. Bayless, third ward, and James B. Peters, fourth ward. The corporation has its own jail, located in the rear of the city offices, and it is provided with four steel cells, making secure those who have to be incarcerated. THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. The early history of the library in Cambridge is best told by the following correspondence in the Jeffersonian in 1879, and in the Times in 1903: We have on our table at this writing a copy of the "By-Laws of the Guernsey County Library and Reading Room," adopted March 3, 1832, and printed by John Hersh, Jr., Cambridge. The society was incorporated by an act of Legislature, passed February 11, 1832, as attested by W. B. Hubbard, speaker of the House, and William Doherty, speaker of the Senate. James M. Bell was president ; Ebenezer Smith, treasurer ; and Moses Sarchet, secretary and librarian. At the close of the little pamphlet is given an "Alphabetical List of Stockholders, March 7th, 1832," which we copy in full as follows: John M. Allison, James M. Bell, John P. Beatty, Thomas S. Beatty, Allen W. Beatty, David Burt, Sr., David Burt, Jr., John Chapman, Thomas Cooke, Henry Clark, Wyatt Hutchison, John Hersh, Jr., Lamech Hawley, Gordon Lofland, Samuel Lindsey, Rev. Daniel McLane, George GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 259 Metcalf, William McCracken, Andrew Metcalf, Robert B. Moore, Thomas Miller, Robert J. McClary, Seneca Needham, Isaac Parrish, Ebenezer Smith, David Sarchet, Moses Sarchet, Peter B. Sarchet, William W. Tracey, Rev. William Wallace, John Woodrow, Nicholas Bailhache, Hamilton Robb, John Bogle, John Nicholson, Richard Clark, James B. Moore, John Baldridge, John Ferguson, Levi Rinehart, John B. Thompson, John Clark, Joseph Bute, Nathan Evans, Samuel Wilson, Andrew Magee, B. A. Albright, Samuel Fish, Ansel Briggs. Of the above list, but five persons are known to be living, Moses and David Sarchet, and James B. Moore, who reside here, Rev. Andrew Magee, who now lives at Prairie City, Illinois, and Rev. Hamilton Robb, ex- treasurer of this county, who, with his aged wife, resides at Mattoon, Illinois.—Jeff ersonian, 1879. In the fall of 1898 at a dinner party given at the home of the late Hon. Joseph D. Taylor, the library movement was taked of, and Mrs. J. D. Taylor began the canvass. She secured one thousand eight hundred dollars, taking life memberships in the association at twenty-five dollars. The first meeting of the Cambridge Library Association was held February 23, 1899, in the room now ocupied by the library, and which was given free for five years by Hon. J. D. Taylor. At this meeting John M. Amos was made president for one year, and John L. Locke, Esq., secretary. The one thousand eight hundred dollars secured by life memberships was expended for books and furnishings. At the meeting of the association held in April, 19oi, the Carnegie libraries were talked of, and a committee to communicate with him was appointed. As representatives of this committee, A. R. McCulloch, Esq., and Rev. W. H. Weir went to New York, and learned the terms upon which the building would be donated. It was steady work from that time on. First the school board, then the council, agreed to make the necessary levy, amounting in all to one thousand eight hundred dollars a year to keep up the library. Then there was a hitch in regard to the desired location on Steubenville avenue, just back of the court house. This property belonged to the county, and a special act of Legislature was required to empower the commissioners to give this site. All this done, Mr. McCulloch notified Mr. Carnegie, and he received answer from him on May 12, 1902, that eighteen thousand dollars had been deposited to the credit of the Cambridge Library Association. Plans were decided upon, and bids taken, none being within the limit. Then some changes were made, and on 260 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. last Saturday evening the bids were opened and the contract awarded to C. W. Dowling, of Williamsburg, West Virginia, for seventeen thousand, six hundred and thirty-eight dollars. The building is to be completed by August 15, 1903.—Times, 1903. Before the building was completed it was found that the amount donated was not sufficient to complete it, and Mr. Carnegie was asked to give the balance, which amounted to five thousand dollars more, which he kindly consented to do, making his total gift twenty-three thousand dollars. The formal opening of the library took place November 17, 1904, with appropriate ceremony. The present number of volumes in this library is seven thousand, five hundred. Its present officers are : F. L. Rosmond, president ; John M. Arms, secretary; M. S. Burgess, treasurer; M. Grace Robins, librarian; Jessie Grimes, assistant librarian. On the front of the building one of the two inscriptions reads "Know the truth and the truth shall make you free." THE CITY CEMETERIES. The first burying ground in Cambridge of a public nature was the one located overlooking the valley, and now almost within the heart of the city. Of its lots and as to some of the persons there buried the following letter in the local papers a few years ago by Colonel Sarchet, will inform the reader: We propose to give some history of the graveyard's silent occupants, so far as the time-worn tombstones and our memory will serve us. The rows of lots on the west side were first taken, as the entrance was from that side. Here we find the Cook family. Capt. Thomas Cook, of the Revolutionary war, settled early in the history of Ohio, on the old Wheeling road, three miles east of Cambridge, on two hundred acres of soldier bounty land, now the Winfield Scott farm at the crooked bridge, over Cook's run, thus giving the run its name. We suggest here that there is much unwritten history in the runs of Guernsey county, as their names are taken from the early settlers, or from some local incident occurring along them. Your itemizers might trace the history of some of the runs in their localities. The Talbert family, Nathaniel Talbert, known as Yankee Talbert, was a sort of wizzard, a pow-wow over sick horses and a sort of "yerb doctor," peeling the bark up for an emetic and down for a cathartic. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 261 The Tingle family, John and George R. Tingle, one of the early tavern keepers, and the head of the Tingle family of Cambridge. The Beatty family, Capt. C. P. Beatty, of the war of 1812, and the first clerk of court of Guernsey county. The Talbot family, Lloyd Talbot, a prominent character and official in the early history of the county. The Ferguson family is marked by two stones, one to the memory of John Ferguson, senior, the other to Jane and Washington Ferguson. In the northwest corner and perhaps in the part thrown out into the alley, was the grave of a child of James Oldham, which was the first to be buried in the graveyard. In this corner is a stone to Oren Crego. In the southwest corner Moman Morgan, the colored barber, was buried. "Fobe" Beatty and "Dick" O'Ferrell, slaves, brought from Virginia with these families, were also buried in this corner. "Tobe" Beatty was the first colored person to live in Cambridge. There is to the south a stone marked for John Brown. Between these marked graves are a number unmarked. The original plan of the graveyard seems to have been a double row of lots, with a space for a walk between, and as some of the stones face to the east and to the west in the same row, and being unevenly set, it is difficult to trace the exact original plan. In this first row is a stone to Robert Bell, age one hundred and seven years, and to a son Robert, aged fifty-four years. The Bell and Ferguson plots are side by side. These were early settlers and connected by intermarriage. In this row and in an unmarked grave lies Francis Donsonchet, a French soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte, and father of Dr. Francis Donsonchet, an eccentric character in the early history of Cambridge. In this row are buried two who died from unnatural causes, Nelson Talbot, son of Lloyd Talbot, was drowned in Wills creek. William Tingle, son of George R. Tingle, was bitten by a poisonous spicier, and died from its effect. Near the Ferguson and Lofland plots is a large sycamore tree, planted long years ago by some one of these families. In the next row is the Col. Z. A. Beatty square. There is no mark except a stone erected to the memory of Margery Louisa, child of John P. Beatty and Rachel Sarchet. Next to this is the Gomber square. The old stones are so time-worn as to be almost illegible. In this is a stone erected to the memory of Maria Gomber, wife of James B. Moore. Next to this square are some stones, but the traces of the letters are gone. They mark the resting place of some of the Thomas Metcalf family. The next in the row is a monument erected to the memory of Col. Gordon Lofland and Sarah P. Lofland, his wife, and to Thomas Metcalf, 262 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. the first husband of Sarah P. Lofland and to the deceased children of these marriages. Sarah P. Lofland was a daughter of Jacob Gomber. In our history of the town we did not reach Colonel Lofland, as his residence was outside the original plat. It is now known as the old Lofland house. This, in the days of Colonel Lofland, on the large and beautiful farm which covered all that part north of Steubenville avenue, and west of Fifth street, to Wills creek, was a cozy place, and but a short walk from town. It was the scene of many a jolly merry-making of the young people of its day. Colonel Lofland was prominent in the militia days, and during the late war, but was not a successful business man. Northwood cemetery, the latest one established near Cambridge, contains forty acres of high, dry and beautifully situated land to the north of the city, on North Eighth street. It was platted in 1899. It is under a board of control, now consisting of Messrs. R. M. Allison, S. E. Boden and J. B. Gregg, the latter serving as director of public safety. These grounds are now well improved and have already many graves and fine monuments and tombs erected to the departed dead of the community. The old city burying-ground has become well filled and unfit for modern use. There rest many of the departed pioneers and their graves are visited frequently by children and grandchildren. The City cemetery, lying on the brow of the hill overlooking the valley, in the southeast part of the city, was opened for use about 1858-59 and contains about seven acres. The present superintendent is C. W. Campbell. It has not been used much since the opening of the new burying-ground— Northwood. It is only used by those whose family lot has not already been filled. It is tastily cared for and contains many fine tombstones and monuments erected to the silent sleepers, who comprise many of Cambridge's best known old settlers. RELIGIOUS WORSHIP. The first place of religious worship in Cambridge was at the house of Thomas Sarchet, where those Guernsey people held what was called "French meeting." William Ogier was an ordained minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Thomas Sarchet, a licensed exhorter, who in turn conducted the exercises. From the nucleus of these Guernsey men sprang the Methodist Episcopal congregation. This society was soon attached to the Zanesville circuit. The circuit as then traveled was bounded as follows: Beginning at Zanesville, up the Muskingum to GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 263 the mouth of the Tuscarawas, up the Tuscarawas to the mouth of big Stillwater, up big Stillwater to the old Wheeling road, and west on said road to Zanesville, comprising as much territory in its bounds as is in the Cambridge district. The first traveling preacher of any denomination that preached in Cambridge was James Watts of the Methodist Episcopal church. It is worthy to be noted that this charge has been filled by such eminerit ministers as Bishop Morris, who lived here about the year 1817, James B. Findley, John P. Durbin, Leroy Swarmstead, S. R. Brockunier, Jacob and David Young, and Doctor Whiteman, pioneers of western Methodism. All the religious societies that have places of public worship now in Cambridge, except the Protestant Methodist, were represented by members among the first settlers that I have named; but, except the Methodist Episcopal society, none had regular services for many years. After the erection of the court house the Methodists had religious services every Sabbath in the grand jury room. In this room the great Lorenzo Dow once preached, as he was traveling to the West. The first church building erected was by the Seceders, about the year 1826, on the Captain Anderson lot ; but on account of some defect in construction was soon pronounced unsafe, and had to be abandoned. Services were then held in the lower room of the "old lodge." It is said that two of the members would not "leave the house of God and go to the house of Baal," but demanded their papers, shook the dust from off their feet, and joined a congregation far away from the contaminating influences of "secret oath-bound societies." (For a detailed history of the Cambridge churches see general chapters, where all denominations of the county appear under proper heads.) TEMPERANCE MOVEMENTS. In 1842 Washingtonian temperance societies were at high tide throughout the country, and Ohio, that had just emerged from the hard-cider campaign of 1840, took her place as one of the foremost among the states in favor of teetotalism. The annual meeting of the Cambridge Washingtonian Temperance Society was held in the Presbyterian church on January 22, 1842. The sober second thought of the people was working wonders and rapidly spreading and extending the great work of reformation. This meeting was addressed by Gen. David Tallmage, of Lancaster, and Napoleon B. Guille, of Zanesville. General Tallmage was 264 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. the proprietor of the great stage line "Good Intent" in Ohio and he had sent out circular letters all along his lines, requiring the discharge of all drivers who had not signed the teetotal pledge. Niel, Moore & Company, proprietors of the great "Ohio Stage Company," had sent out similar circulars. There was to be no more upsetting of coaches or drunken drivers. In 1843 the Cambridge Washingtonian Temperance Society resolved to make a grand temperance display and parade on July 4th with a free public dinner, to which the temperance societies of the county were invited. The tables were to be spread in the beech grove in the old mill bottom a short distance east of the old Morton house. It was to be and was a grand gala day in the cause of temperance, as well as an Independence day celebration. The order of march from the public square to the grove, as given in the program, was as follows : "Under the direction of Col. Gordon Lofland, chief marshal, assisted by Maj. Nathan Evans, John Clark and Jacob G. Metcalf ; Fairview military company, Capt. Isaac Pumphrey; Cambridge Mozart Band; officers of temperance societies and temperance men; Cambridge Sabbath schools ; county officials and lawyers ; citizens and visitors, men and women. The line of march was down the old mill road. At the grove a large stand had been erected near the long dinner tables, that had been constructed with forks and boards. Around great log heaps the meats were being roasted and boiled and kettles of coffee were steaming. Piles of bread and pies were stacked up around the trees in huge conical forms. The exercises at the grand stand were opened with prayer by Rev. William Ross, the Methodist Protestant minister; John Hersch, Esq., made an introductory address and read the Declaration of Independence; an oration was delivered by Thomas Brown, Esq.; temperance addresses by Mathew Gaston, Esq., and Rev. George Clancy. This closed the exercises of the forenoon. IMPORTANT EVENTS. Black Hawk, the noted Indian chief, passed through Cambridge in the spring of 1833, in charge of some United States officers. The party stopped some time at the Hutchison tavern, where the stage team was changed. The word soon spread through town, and a large number of citizens, men, women and children, hurried to the tavern to see the great Indian chieftain. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 265 On Monday, November 26, 1849, General Tom Thumb, the world famous dwarf, then in his seventeenth year, and weighing but fifteen pounds, appeared in Cambridge, and was on exhibition at the court house from two-thirty to four o'clock in the afternoon, and from seven to eight-thirty in the evening. This remarkable specimen of humanity, twenty-eight inches in height, gave a street parade, having a curious miniature equipage of two of the smallest horses in the world, a diminutive coachman, and a carriage proportionately tiny. Tom Thumb, or, to call him by his real name, Charles S. Stratton, was accompanied by his parents and attendants, in all, eleven persons. The price of admission was twenty-five cents, children under ten years, half-price. A small band of Mormonites passed through this place a few days since, on their way to the "New Jerusalem," located somewhere in the state of Missouri. While here, they encamped on a bank of Wills creek, in the rear of the town.—Guernsey Times, July 20, 1833. The Guernsey Times of July 6, 1833, contains the following: "Daniel Webster, in company with his lady and daughter, passed through this place on Saturday morning last, on his return home from a visit to the western part of the state." At the election in Cambridge December 27, 1897, two issues were up for solution—the voting of water works bonds and that for a new cemetery. The votes stood : For cemetery, 254; against, 154. For water works, 260; against, 136. The majority not being two-thirds, both issues failed of carrying. When Queen Victoria of England was crowned in 1837, the Cambridge Academy held a service in which they, too, went through the mock ceremony of crowning her. It was a high-toned affair, attended by many of the best citizens. The then boy of nine summers—Mr. Sarchet, supervising editor of this work—lived to write of the good Queen's death in 1901. The occasion in Cambridge enlisted the best talent of the Academy; a young lady, who later was well known in the city, was made queen and the maids of service and honor were not a few. The queen's long dress train was carried by the girls in real court style. But with all that was English, there were some American features, too. "America," "Hail Columbia" and other national airs were rendered, while the folds of "Old Glory" were floating in the breeze. The high water mark of March, 1907, at Cambridge, excelled that of 1884 by almost one foot and beat all previous records since the settlement of the county. 266 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. The first cars were run on the electric line between Cambridge and Byesville in the autumn of 1903 (October 21) over the Cambridge Consolidated Company's line, later styled the Cambridge Power, Light & Traction Company, but at this time known as the Midland Power & Traction Company. The road was opened up to the Byesville limit five weeks earlier than that date, but not clear to Byesville. A society for the prevention of cruelty to animals, known as the Guernsey County Humane Society, was formed at Cambridge in the spring of 19o7. Its first president was A. M. Baxter ; secretary, John P. Turner ; treasurer, Mrs. J. M. Ferguson. The first person made humane officer was U. G. Henderson. It is now doing much good in the county. Cambridge has more slate roofed buildings—business and residences —than any city of its population in Ohio, according to the statement of 1910 contractors. In the autumn of 1874 the county and city were greatly enthused over the Woman's Temperance Crusade, and in the fall of 1877 the great Francis Murphy temperance wave struck the county and made Cambridge its headquarters and by it many were rescued from the demon drink. The first electric street cars were operated at Cambridge April 24, 1902, by the Consolidated Company. The Electric park was thrown open to the public in the summer of 1907. LORENZO DOW IN CAMBRIDGE. Lorenzo Dow preached twice in Cambridge; the first time in 1826, the second in 1832. On his first visit his wife, Peggy, was with him: They were traveling horseback. At the time of his second visit, the writer was a small boy, but retains a very distinct recollection of the event, and of the appearance of the strange, eccentric preacher, as he stood on a stump, his horse standing beside him. The news of his approach had been brought by the stage driven from the east, some hours in advance of his arrival. It was noised abroad. Those who had heard him on his first visit were anxious to hear him again, and there were many citizens of the town and vicinity who had never heard him. All were on the alert, and when they arrived at the public square a large crowd of men, women and children were there awaiting his coming. We were led by our grandfather, and what we relate is rather hearsay than recollection we could have of his discourse. He began the services by singing: GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 267 "Hark ! From the tombs a doleful sound, Mine ears attend the cry, Ye living men, come view the ground, Where you must shortly lie." With all his eccentricities, he aimed to do good. No one will question that he did good: The biography of Lorenzo is in every way curious and useful. He regarded the world as all going wrong, and that he waS born to set it right. He printed books and tractS, which he sold or gave away on his travels through the western wilderness. His subject was: "The Clay in the Hands of the Potter." The political contest between Gen. Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay was in full blast and his first sentence waS, "I suppose you are all for Clay." He then continued as indicated by the hymn and Scripture quotation. After preaching, he mounted his horse and rode on eastward, spending the night at Norwich. There he preached to a crowded house in the Methodist Episcopal church. In the assembly were two men, who were disposed to ask him questions. As they asked questions, he inquired their names. One gave his name as Bush, the other Grubb. Bush had said: "You are talking about Heaven; tell us how it looks." Dow turned his grave face and long gray locks toward his questioners, and said with great gravity: "Heaven, friends, is a vast extent of rich, Smooth territory. There is not a Bush nor a Grubb in it, and never will be." He was the oddest kind of an oddity. His manners and sayingS during the years that he traveled in almost every state and town of this country were given as widespread publicity by the newspapers as those of the celebrated Rowland Hill.—From Col. C. P. B. Sarchet's writings. GEN. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON HERE. Gen. William Henry Harrison passed through Cambridge twice before he was the candidate of the Whig party in 1840. The first time he was traveling to the east in a private coach, and stopped at the Judge Metcalf tavern. The word was soon passed around that he was in town and would hold a levee at the court house. The women and children flocked to the court house to await his coming. The men, more impatient, hurried to the tavern to greet him. From the tavern he waS escorted up the street on either side by General Bell and Major Dunlap, 268 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. followed by a long line of citizens, many of whom were old soldiers of the war of 1812. Among these was old Sol Kinney, colored. He had a string of buttons and a pair of bones, which he rattled and clapped, being at the head of the line. At the court house General Harrison shook hands with the women and children, and kissed all the babies. After an hour of pleasant social greetings to all, irrespective of party, the coach drove up in front of the court house, and the General, taking a seat on top with the driver, moved off amid the cheers of the gathered multitude. His second visit to Cambridge was after he had received the votes of the Whig party for President in 1836. He was traveling to the west by private coach, and stopped at the old Hutchison tavern. As word had been sent on in advance that he was to pass through Cambridge, the people from the country flocked into town. He had passed the night east of Cambridge, and was followed from the east by a great train of carriages and horsemen. He was received at the head of Wheeling avenue by the great crowd gathered to await his coming, and passed down the street to the Hutchison tavern, the coach being surrounded by the rejoicing and vociferous Whigs. The coach was gaily trimmed with flags and bunting, and on the top a drum corps filled the air with strains of martial music. A large number of Whigs of Cambridge had made ready to escort him to Zanesville. After dinner the great cavalcade moved down through the street, which was lined on either side by the citizens, men, women and children, cheering for "Old Tip." This was the beginning of what three years later was to be the most memorable political campaign in the nation's history. General Harrison did not visit Cambridge in 1840, neither did Tom Corwin, to make a speech. He was prevented from being at the great '4o meeting by sickness, but he was represented at the great joint rally of Guernsey and Belmont counties at Fairview. At this meeting an old Democrat had made the declaration that he was going to tell Tom Corwin that he was a demagogue. So the old fellow took a position near the speaker's stand, and when the opportune time came he looked up at Corwin, and said, "You are nothing but a demagogue." Corwin turned and looked at him for a moment, and said: "If you were wrapped with willows you would be a demi john."--C. P. B. Sarchet, in Cambridge Herald, 1897. LONG-AGO CAMBRIDGE INCIDENTS. The first house in what is now Gaston's addition was built by "Katy" Whetzel, who built a cabin on the north end of the J. C. Beckett lot. She GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 269 lived for a long time with Judge Spears, in Adams township, in the old tavern on the old Wheeling road. She was said to be a relative of Lewis Whetzel, the great Indian fighter, "whose gun was always loaded." This cabin, and the first Methodist church, that was on the Simons' foundry lot, and the first Methodist Protestant church on the present site were all the houses in this part of town sixty years ago. Over the creek all was woods, except a small field known as "Beatty's meadow." In the corner of this, about the site of Mrs. Long's residence, were two cabins, in one of which lived General Jackson, father of the late Samuel Jackson. He was one of the old road teamsters, before and after the building of the National road. In the other lived old Torn Lawrence. Two of his sons were makers of history, connected with the courts of Guernsey county. Andy was sent to the penitentiary at Columbus for stabbing with intent to kill, and was among the first to be confined in the first brick jail of the county. He was a teamster while at the penitentiary, and engaged in hauling the stone at the beginning of the erection of the present state capitol. John had an altercation with Jerry Nubia, a colored Quaker. Jerry, forgetting the teachings of peace, went home, and "with malice aforethought," armed himself with a gun and went out gaming after Lawrence. He shot at him from the now Mcllyar corner, toward the Davis corner, Lawrence at the time making toward Nubia with a stone in his hand. Nubia used a shot gun. One shot took effect, entering Lawrence's eye. The writer and others were standing on the then McCracken corner. The shots and slugs flew around us, rattling against the sides of the building, and came near enough for us to know that we were in the line of fire. Nubia was sent to the penitentiary for a term of years. Lawrence suffered the loss of an eye. We had an opportunity of knowing the Lawrence family well, and as far back as we can remember we heard of a great fortune that was awaiting claimaHts in connection with this family. We think that not long ago we saw an item to the effect that some of this family, living in the northern part of Guernsey county, had struck a fresh trail leading toward this hidden treasure. It has been more than two hundred years since Captain William Kidd, the renowned free-hooter and buccaneer, sailed from Plymouth, England, bearing a commission signed by the king, to prey upon the French commerce upon the high seas. He exceeded his authority, and became a great pirate, instead of the "trusty and well-behaved Captain Kidd." He was executed in London in 1701. His name became famous, and was known in the ballad : "My Name is Captain Kidd, as I Sailed, as I Sailed." He was said to have buried a large treasure on the coast bordering on Long Island sound, the reward of his buccaneering. The search for it has been repeated off and on for all these years, 270 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. and yet the "Kidd treasures" are an unknown quantity. And the Lawrence treasure is still waiting, but it is with somebody behind the screen drawing every now and again a fee, and the treasure, like Kidd's, is still hidden away. Better-to find-the treasure, then buy the field. On the east end of Wheeling avenue, in a small log house, where the Hutchison house now is, old Mrs. Williams lived, like the "old woman who lived under the hill, kept cakes and whisky to sell." This house was called the "light house," as a light could be seen at all hours of the night. It was a place for drinking and carousal, "which even to name would be unlawful." Opposite, across Leatherwood creek, was the "Dixon sugar camp." All around was a dense forest. One sugar season, old Harvey, living in town, was running the sugar camp. He used for the back wall of his fire a large poplar tree that had fallen out of root. The kettles were suspended over the fire by means of poles and forks. One morning, after Harvey had started up his fire, and was busily engaged in gathering in the water, he was surprised to see a large bear drinking his syrup from one of the kettles. The bear had taken up quarters in the log, and the fire roused him out a little in advance of the close of the hibernating season. He was now disposed to take the camp, Harvey and all, and for a time was master of the situation, for Harvey retreated for town as fast as he could. He reported to old John Dixon that the bear had taken possession, and was eating all the sugar and drinking the syrup. Dixon was an old hunter. He hurried over to the camp and shot bruin, as he was standing up at one of the kettles, trying to get out the foaming syrup. This bear was of large size, and Harvey and Dixon made up their loss in syrup and sugar by the sale of the meat and the skin. We have eaten bear meat once, but not of this one. OLD WILLS CREEK BRIDGE. Among the noted landmarks of Guernsey county is the old wooden, covered, double wagon and foot-bridge, spanning the yellow waters of Wills creek at Cambridge. It must have been built upon honor, for it was constructed in 1828, has been in constant use all of these eventful years, now numbering eighty-two. It is purely a wooden structure with a weatherboarded covering and roof. Two wide passage-ways make it one easy of crossing. The bridge, proper, is sustained by the same stone abutments which were made of solid masonry in that long ago time and have never had to be replaced, or repaired. On the north end of this bridge and overhead, is the original inscription placed there in 1828 on a stone tablet and it reads as fol- GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 271 lows: $10 fine for driving on this bridge faster than a walk." On the south end—toward the country—is this inscription : "Built A. D., 1828—J. P. Shannon, Undertaker—L. V. Wernwag, Architect—J. Kinkead, Mason— Keep to the Right!" Had this old covered bridge but the gift of a tongue, many a tale it could tell this generation of the noted men who in times long ago passed through its passage-ways en route the old pike. Its timbers are seemingly as good today as when placed there. It was made after the old style of building frames, morticed and braced in all directions, with here and there a wrought-iron stay brace and great forged bolts. In these modern times it has been lighted by a series of electric lights, and will no doubt stand many a year yet, barring some accident. Beneath its driveway has floated many a small craft on the creek, when water navigation was in vogue and steam railroads were yet unknown. A CAMBRIDGE NEWSBOY. ( From the Jeffersonian, August, 1877.) "George Broom three or four years ago began the sale of newspapers on the streets of Cambridge. He then carried but one paper, but added to his list until he sold for all the dailies which sent papers here. He was gentlemanly, and did the business in a strictly fair and honest way. His patrons were pleased with his manner, and the newspaper publishers encouraged him in his trade. His business grew rapidly and largely. The great interest in the state campaigns and the great Presidential contest with the long continued excitement as to the result, largely increased the sales of newspapers, and correspondingly added to the profits. Young Broom in some weeks made a net profit of from fifteen to twenty dollars a week. The profits varied during the time he was in business from two dollars and seventy-five cents a week to the sums stated. The net earnings of Broom footed up about a thousand dollars, all earned as a street newsboy in Cambridge. By industry and perseverance he laid the foundation of a successful business life." He finally married and reared a family. His health failed and he removed to Arizona and from there to one of the Southern states, where he died and was buried in the cemetery at his old home in Cambridge. BOOM THE TOWN. The subjoined original poem, from the pen of John H. Sarchet, and sung for the first time at Cambridge Chautauqua, in 1906, runs as follows: 272 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. Of all the cities east or west, Boom the town. Yes, boom the town! We love our thriving one the best. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town! Our factories all are on the run, There's work for each and every one, No tramps are found beneath our sun, Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! We've gas and oil, beneath the soil. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town! They wait to greet the sons of toil. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! Black diamonds glisten in the sun, And "blue core" wears till kingdom come; Our streets are paving one by one. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town! The lab'ring man now has the pull. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! His dinner pail is brimming full. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! A "home, sweet home" he now enjoys, With pretty girls and bouncing boys; A bank account with other joys. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town! The trolley ride we now enjoy, Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! With summer cars for girl and boy, Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! Chautauqua, too, has come to stay, With fine attractions every day. We pity those who Stay away. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! We number fifteen thousand now. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! To keep it up all make the vow. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 273 Boom the town. Yes, boom the town ! Avoid the fakir on the street, Turn down the agents whom you meet, Our merchants can with them compete. Boom the town. Yes, boom the town! INDUSTRIAL CAMBRIDGE. At the close of the Civil war the buildings of the town were mostly the old landmarks of early days, but a new and more progressive era was then ushered in and in 1882 there were more houses on Steubenville street than there were in the entire place when the war commenced. In 1880 the industries were confined chiefly to the foundry interests of C. P. Simons Brothers, established in 1855 and which was operated many years, both here and at Zanesville ; a steam flouring mill, two planing mills and two boot and shoe factories. In 188o there was also established a bent wood factory. The introduction of natural gas and the development of the nearby coal fields has brought 'many factories and large plants in iron working, etc., to Cambridge. Among the more valuable factories of the present city are the following : The American Sheet and Tin-Plate Company operates a very extensive mill in Cambridge. It was established here in 1889, and is connected with the great Pittsburg works, in a way. The raw material comes from the Carnegie Steel Company. It employs more than eight hundred and fifty workmen. The plant is well situated in the northwest part of the city on North Second street. The local superintendent is C. R. Mcllyar. This plant produces immense amounts of sheet and tin-plate iron, which finds its way to various parts of the world. Cheap fuel and cheaper rents and other advantages caused the works to be located in this city. This same company operates another branch mill here, established about 1894 on foreign capital. This is also a sheet and tin-plate mill and it now employs five hundred workmen. Its present superintendent is J. E. Thompson. The works are located just outside the corporate limits of the city, in South Cambridge. These twin establishments are leaders in the numerous industries of the city. They are both the property of the American Sheet and Tin-Plate Company. The W. A. Hunt Planing Mill was established in January, 1910, by local capital. Lumber is shipped in from the South and Northwest, while certain materials come from Ohio timber lands. Seven men are employed. This 274 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. factory is situated on Woodlawn avenue. It is the property of W. A. Hunt. who conducts a good business. A local industry of which the city is justly proud is the Guernsey Earthenware Company, who make brown, white-lined and enameled cooking utensils in vest quantities. It is said that fifteen million consumers see the "Guernsey" trade mark each month. This factory is located on Woodlawn avenue and was established in 1900, as a purely local concern. From one hundred and fifty to one hundred and sixty persons find constant employment in these extensive works. The company was incorporated under the laws of Ohio, Charles L. Casey being the president and manager and also the owner of the property. The principal body of the earthenware here produced comes from the earth near the factory and is among Guernsey county's minerals of much value. From this material is fashioned the most beautiful cooking and serving dishes, heating table supplies, vegetable crocks, coffee cylinders, and many special designed dishes made to order for special customers. The "Near-cut" Glass Works is another industry of which too much cannot well be said in this chapter on the modern industries of Cambridge. This was established in 1902 by purely local capital. The name of this superior glassware, "Near-cut," comes from the fact that the clearness and sharpness of the finish closely resembles the higher priced real "cut" glassware. The sand from which this glassware is produced comes from the Hancock district of Pennsylvania. The works are situated in East Cambridge and employ about four hundred and fifty workmen in the various departments. The present officers of this company are : A. J. Bennett, president ; W. C. McCartney, secretary, and G. Royal Boyd, treasurer. The product of this plant goes out to all parts of the United States and is one of Cambridge's permanent institutions of business enterprises. The Interstate Iron and Steel Company, another modern iron working plant of Cambridge, was established and first operated January 8, 1907. It is conducted on outside capital, being a foreign institution, which gives employment to almost three hundred workmen. This is located in the manufacturing district in the northwest part of the city. The raw material used in these extensive works comes froth abroad, but it is of great commercial importance to the business interests of Cambridge. The officers are : S. J. Llewellyn, president ; G. F. David, vice-president ; George R. Stewart, secretary. The same company has works at Chicago and East Chicago, Indiana. The Pennsylvania railroad shops also furnish employment to about one hundred workmen at this point. The shops are located in Southeast Cambridge and are situated on grounds leased from the trustees of Cambridge GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 275 township, the same being dated March 9, 1881, to continue in force at the option of the railroad company for a term of ninety-nine yearS, for shop purposes. The company payS all taxes and is bound to keep the property fully insured. The present superintendent is J. C. McCullough. W. H. Hartley & Sons Sheet Metal and Slate Roofing Works are located at No. 616 Wheeling avenue. This plant waS establiShed at Quaker City in 1870 and removed to Cambridge in 1892. It iS an independent plant and now has in its employ an average of fourteen men. It manufactures all kinds of sheet metal goods, Slate roofing and furnace work. The gentlemen connected with it are W. H. Hartley, M. C. Hartley and the M. C. Hartley estate. The American Bread and Pastry Board Company waS established in 1898, as a local industry. They now employ three workmen. Their plant is between Third and Fourth streets and Steubenville and Gomber. William Harris is proprietor. The firm of Stewart, Wylie & Ault, proprietors of the flouring mills at Cambridge, was eStablished a number of yearS ago. They consume much grain from the fields of Guernsey county and several thousand bushels annually from the West. Five men are here employed in the business. The proprietors are W. L. Stewart, C. W. Wiley and A. Ault. This mill is situated on the corner of Fifth and Turner streets. An excellent grade of flour is made at these mills. The Forney Lumber and Planing Mill, a live industry of Cambridge, was established in 1889 and now employs eight workmen. The mill is located on Dewey avenue, near the old covered bridge. Charles W. Forney is the proprietor. An extensive business is here carried on in both lumber and planing mill work. The Hoyle & Scott Planing Mills were established in 1886, but an older firm began there many years prior to that date. Their lumber comes largely from West Virginia and the Southern states. Fifteen men find constant employment at these mills, which are located on Third street and Wheeling avenue, while the lumber yards are on Steubenville avenue. The present proprietors are William Hoyle and J. W. Scott. Another and leading industry of modern Cambridge is the chair factory of Suitt Brothers, established in 1906 (under the present company), located on Third and Gomber street. Chairs, and eSpecially high grade rockers, are here manufactured from wood coming from Massachusetts, North Carolina and Tennessee. From fifty to sixty men are constantly employed and the finest of modern machinery is used in the production of first class goods. 276 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. The president of this company is W. C. Suitt ; the present secretary and treasurer is Jay W. Campbell. The Cambridge Roofing Company was established in 1882, as an independent local company. It now employs sixty-eight men. The works are located on West Wheeling avenue and the officers are W. H. Taylor, president ; H. C. Hanbrook, vice-president ; J. R. McBurney, secretary. This same company also manufacture gloves and overalls from goods made in New England and South Carolina. Each of these industries represents a separate department of the same company of manufacturers. A CAMBRIDGE FIRE. On Saturday, November 21, 1891, at two-thirty P. M., the alarm of fire resounded through the city of Cambridge. Promptly responding to the summons, the firemen discovered that the block that occupied the square on Wheeling avenue, between Sixth street and the alley east toward Seventh, was the scene of a devastating fire. It was found that the flames were making headway in the attic over the C. & M. general offices and in the furniture store of McDonald & McCollum. Every effort was made to prevent the fire from spreading, but despite the gallant service of the firemen and the bucket brigades, it was not checked until thousands of dollars' worth of property had been consumed. The following is an accurate report of the losses : J. H. McKinney, lost about two-thirds of his stock of groceries, valued at $2,000; insurance, $1,000. Campbell & Carlisle had oils stored in McKinney's cellar valued at $1,000; insurance, $500. J. M. Nelson's candy store was not damaged at all, and everybody congratulated the energetic young man. C. Ayre & Company's stock of dry goods, carpets, etc., valued at $30,000, insured for $15,000. But a small amount of goods saved, and they in damaged condition. H. C. Hornbrook's stock of boots and shoes, valued at $8,000, saved a part of his best goods; insurance, $2,000. McDonald & McCollum, the furniture dealers, piled their rear ware- rooms full of goods, and removed all from the rear rooms to places of safety, but lost all in the front main room. This rear wareroom was sided and roofed with iron, and they fastened up all doors and windows with iron sheeting, and this building, crowded with goods, was saved. Their loss was $1,650, in- GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 277 sured for $750. The loss of Colonel Taylor, owner of the buildings, among which was the Berwick Hotel, was found to be approximately $60,000, with insurance of $38,000. The total loss of buildings and goods was estimated at $100,000. A MIDNIGHT FIRE. The town was visited by a fire that promised for a little while to be very destructive, on Wednesday night, December 26, 1888. Fire was discovered shortly after ten o'clock in the butcher shop of Robert W. Nicholson, attached to the new two-story frame building recently erected by Hon. E. W. Mathewson, Seventh street, just north of Broom's grocery and Kyle's marble shop, and before the department was summoned the shop was wrapped in flames. The department responded promptly, but the same plug in the boiler sheet of the fire engine which blew out in the Arcade fire in October, 1887, blew out before a stream of water was thrown, and the engine and hose companies were consequently disabled. The hook and ladder company went to work at once, however, vigorously and intelligently, and did splendid work. Bucket lines were formed, and the flames kept in check, and the walls of the burning residences, to which the flames quickly communicated, were pushed inward, and the spread of the fire to the wooden buildings close by effectually prevented. The loss was about one thousand two hundred dollars, partly covered by insurance. THE FIRE OF 1895. Both Cambridge papers of October 3, 1895, contain full details of the devastating fire which swept over the business section about one o'clock in the morning of October 2d. The fire originated in the Davis livery barn, and quickly spread across the alley to the stables in the rear of the Lyndon Hotel, to Carnes' livery barn and to the residence of Isaac Turnbaugh and Dorcas Savage. The blacksmith shop of Frank Johnson was next in line, and the greedy flames hungrily consumed all that came in their path. In an hour, the rear of Monumental Hall was on fire. This led directly to the Taylor block and toward the Berwick Hotel. George Shairer's residence and saloon, John M. Richardson's residence and restaurant, Downer's drug store, and the Lyndon Hotel building came next. The flames spread rapidly. Doctor Moore's drug store was burned to smouldering ashes. On the east and west the fire was checked by the Len festy block, thus 278 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. saving the Times office, Guernsey National Bank, postoffice, Wolf f's store, and the halls and offices in that large building. The fire spread down Wheeling avenue from Monumental Hall, consuming Schau's bakery and restaurant, Mrs. Forsythe's millinery and notion store, Carlisle & Grimes' hardware, Nelson's confectionery and news stand, the C. & M. general offices, R. T. Scott's and A. R. McCulloch's law offices, school room and lodge hall, Gillespie & McCulley's furniture, Steele's grocery and Hornbrook's shoe store. The fire was checked on the west by the fire wall of the Berwick Hotel, thus saving C. Ayre's store and the new hotel. Among the valuable property destroyed was Colonel Taylor's private library, containing many rare and valuable books that cannot be replaced, and Scott and McCulloch's law libraries. Much property was saved by being hauled and carried to places of safety, some of it badly damaged. Arnold & Barber had removed their shoe store to the new room in the Lyndon building and were ready to begin business the following morning. They promptly loaded their goods up and brought them up to their old stand at J. 0. McIlyar's. A TERRIBLE DEATH. The saddest feature of the fire was the death of Frank Law. He and "Chuck" Creighton were sleeping on cots in the little office in the southeast corner of Davis' stable. Creighton was awakened by the roar of flames. He succeeded in awakening Law, and then made his escape by jumping out the window. Exit by the door was cut off by flames. Hours later, the blackened, charred body of Law was found in the ruins, under a pile of bricks. It was one of the most tragic deaths which ever occurred in Cambridge. LOSSES, INSURANCE, ETC. J. W. Davis & Son estimated their loss at $5,000, insurance $1,000. Eight of their horses were burned outright, or so badly injured that they had to be killed. James T. Cain's driving mare was burned. W. H. McIlyar's horse was badly burned, but escaped from the stable. Among those burned in the stable were the beautiful matched chestnuts, so well known to every citizen. They were side by side in their death agony. The old horse that hauled the express wagon was not injured. George Schairer saved a part of his saloon fixtures and household goods. Insurance on building and household goods, about $3,500. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 279 J. M. Richardson saved a portion of his goods. The building and restaurant were insured for $1,800. Carnes' barn was entirely destroyed, horses and carriages all saved. Insurance on the barn and contents, $1,800. Carlisle & Grimes lost everything in the store except some powder, which was brought off to a safe place. They saved their horses and dray, that were in a stable that was destroyed; loss, $io,000; insurance, $7,500. They at once began business in their warehouse near the C. & M. depot. J. M. Nelson saved but little. Loss almost total; insurance, $400. C. Ayre got a large part of his goods out of the rooms, and later rearranged them in the same rooms, and went ahead. H. C. Hornbrook got a portion of his stock to places of safety. His room will be repaired, as the roof was burnt off. Some goods were badly injured by water. The C. & M. general offices saved their books and papers, loss covered by insurance. Scott and McCulloch's libraries were entirely consumed, and were not insured. Some papers were saved. Harry Forney, the architect, lost part of his office furniture. There was no insurance on Colonel Taylor's valuable library. Gillespie & McCulley saved most of their stock. Their iron-sheeted and roofed wareroom preserved the stock in it. This was the second fire this wareroom had gone through, in each case preserving its contents intact. This firm saved their goods that were stowed there at the time of the Berwick fire, a fact favorable to iron siding and roofing. Isaac Turnbaugh saved a part of his goods; insurance $500. Dorcas Savage saved a part of her goods, no insurance. The Lyndon belonged to W. B. Crossgrove; loss, $17,5oo, insured for $1o,000, policy taken out only the preceding Saturday. Dr. C. A. Moore lost fully one-half of his goods; insured for $2,o0o. J. M. Logan's loss was $1,000; insured for $500. A. D. Steele's loss was estimated at $1,300; insured for $1,000. Colonel Taylor estimated his entire loss on buildings at $30,000; insurance, $15,200. William Schau, the baker, estimated his loss at $800. A small part of his stock was saved; no insurance. Carnes Brothers estimated their loss at $2,000; insurance $1,800. Forsythe's millinery and notion stock was estimated at $5,000, nearly all destroyed; insurance, $2,500. The furniture of the school room destroyed was placed at $200. J. R. Downar saved most of his stock, and carried about $2,500 insurance. 280 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. There was hustling among the victims to find rooms in which to begin business. They were difficult to find. The origin of the fire was not satisfactorily ascertained. Thanks were given to the fire departments of Newark, Zanesville and Barnesville for assistance rendered in response to a call for aid. Women aided greatly with pots of steaming coffee, so that the discomfiture of the brave firemen was considerably lessened by these "angels of temperance and charity." CHAPTER XIX. ADAMS TOWNSHIP. Adams, which is the central western township in Guernsey county, is bounded on the west by Muskingum county, on the north by Knox, on the east by Cambridge and on the south by Westland township. It is five miles square, containing twenty-five sections of land. The National pike crosses its extreme southeastern corner, as does also the Baltimore & Ohio railroad. It was organized as a separate sub-division of Guernsey county in 1827. In two it had a population of seven hundred and seventeen. Cassel station and a portion of Mantau are the only village plattings ever made within this township. It is well watered and drained by the numerous small tributaries to Crooked creek, all streams flowing to the southeast. Being close to Cambridge, it makes that place its trading point. The following, and possibly more, persons were seventy or more years of age and residing in this township in 1876, and they represented many of the pioneer families : Joseph Gleur, Robert Simpson, Samuel Lee and wife, Robert S. Ross and wife, James Sharrard and wife, John Leech, Andrew Hamilton, Samuel Wells, Mrs. J. H. Hammond, John Hammond, Abraham Barnes, Samuel Maxwell, Samuel Patterson, George Estep and wife. Joseph Guthrie, born in Pennsylvania in 1776, married in 1801, located in Adams township, this county, in 1830. He died in 1855. They had thirteen children and most of them matured into men and women of energy and importance in this county. Among the settlers of a later date may be mentioned Andrew Hamilton, born in Ireland in 1816, came to Pennsylvania, and in 1863 to this county, locating in Londonderry township, lived there twelve years and then came to Adams township, where he possessed a two-hundred-acre farm. Thomas Knox, who resided in Washington county, Pennsylvania, born in 1799, accompanied his parents to Ohio and they located in Adams township. The date of his coming here was 1815 and in 1832 he married Jane Miller, who was born in Ireland in 1800. She had a wonderful history and experience. She was captured by the British in 1812, while on her way to America, and kept at Newfoundland two years. While there her mother 282 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. died. Later the daughter joined her father, who settled in Pennsylvania, and from there removed to this county and married Mr. Knox. Her husband died here in 187o and she in 1874. Robert Boyd was born in Ireland in 1798 and emigrated to America in 182o and there married Rachel Frame. This worthy couple lived ten years in Highland township, Muskingum county, Ohio, and then made a permanent home in Adams township, this county. He died in 1874, the father of nine children. James Johnston was a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, born in 1795, and married Jane Mehaffey, who was born in Ireland. They resided in Pennsylvania six years and then removed to this township in 1824 and he died in 1868. He was a farmer and blacksmith. Their son Alexander was sheriff of Guernsey county during the Civil war, with headquarters at Cambridge. He owned a four-hundred-acre farm and was a very influential and enterprising citizen. John Mehaffey, son of Samuel, was born in Ireland in i8o1, emigrated to this county in 1812 and to Guernsey county in 1819. In 1826 John married Nancy Murphy, who died here in 1864. He then moved, with his two daughters, to Cambridge. William Speer, fifth child of Stewart and Jane Speer, was born in 1818 and in 1841 married Jane McKinney and settled on the old homestead in this township. Their family and descendants are well known in the county today. Stewart Speer, born in Pennsylvania in 1783, married Jane Scott. They kept hotel and farmed in Adams township from 1808 to 1812. In the war of 1812 he was a lieutenant, and later became an associate judge. He died in 1850 and his good wife in 1866; they had eight children. John Work was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, in 1785, and after his marriage to Nancy McDoll moved to Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he died in 185o and she in 1873. One of their three children, John Work, born in 1834, married Mary Morrison in 186o. In 1867 they settled in Spencer township, this county, and after living in Westland township for a number of years, in 1875 went to Adams township. Alexander Neely was born in Ireland in 1828. He and two sisters and a brother left Ireland in 1849, and settled in Adams township, this county, where he was married in 186o. They reared a large and highly respectable family. John Sunnafrank was a native of the island of Guernsey, off the coast of France, born in 1777. He was of German parentage, and left his home for Virginia, where he remained until 1804, When he moved to near Cam- GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 283 bridge, this county, where he resided eleven years, after which he bought a farm in Adams township, four miles from Cambridge, on the pike, and there remained until his death in 185o. The children and grandchildren became well-to-do citizens of this county and township. Alexander Leeper was born in Pennsylvania in 1773 and his wife in 1777; they came to Adams township in 1831, locating on the pike, near Cambridge. Their numerous family are scattered here and there, throughout the United States. William Calhoun, born in Ireland, in 1796, emigrated to Greene county, Pennsylvania, in 1818 and four years later moved to Washington county, where he married Ruth Clark. In 1845 they commenced a five-years residence in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, but in 185o settled in Adams township, this county, where he died in 1871 and his wife ten years later. They reared and educated a family of eight children. David Thompson, another early settler in Adams township, was born in Ireland in 1774, and six years after his marriage the man and wife left their native land for America and resided in Allegheny county eighteen years. From there they moved to Muskingum county, Ohio, near New Concord, and from that place went to Adams township, Guernsey county, in 1817. The wife died in 1847 and he in 1859. They had five children, all of whom grew up and settled in homes in this county. Other pioneers were Benjamin Reasoner, Valentine Shirer, William McCulley, Ellis Kelly and James Milligan. CHAPTER XX. CAMBRIDGE TOWNSHIP. This is the sub-division of Guernsey in which the city of Cambridge-and the seat of justice is situated. It was one of the five original townships to be organized in this county. It dates its precinct history, therefore, from April 23, 1810. It has had its boundary lines changed several times, but at present it comprises about thirty-five sections of land; is five miles wide from east to west by seven miles north and south. Wills creek, the principal stream of Guernsey county, meanders its way through the township from north to south, with two large ox-bow bends to the north of the city of Cambridge. Crooked creek also forms a junction with this stream in Cambridge township. Other streams are tributaries to Wills creek, including Leatherwood creek, of some historic fame as to its name. What are now the Pennsylvania and the Baltimore & Ohio railroads cross each other at Cambridge, the former running north and south and the latter about east and west, bearing somewhat to the south. The old National road, or pike, crosses this township on its course through Guernsey county, with toll bridges at Cambridge. Coal milling is the principal industry of the township, but agriculture, horticulture and gardening are also carried on with fairly good success, as is also stock raising. Its educational, religious and social features, having been treated in the chapters including the city of Cambridge, will not be referred to in this connection. The early settlement of this township has also been mentioned in various general chapters, including the city chapter. It may be stated in passing, however, that Cambridge township had the honor of being the home of the first white man to locate within Guernsey county—a Mr. Graham who invaded the wilds of this section in 1798. His was the only dwelling between Wheeling and Zanesville. CHAPTER XXI. CENTRE TOWNSHIP. As its name indicates, this is the central sub-division of Guernsey county. It was organized in 1822 as a separate township. In extent of territory, it contains about twenty-three sections. It is four miles from east to west and six miles from north to south. It is surrounded by five townships, Cambridge, Jefferson, Wills, Jackson and Richland. Centerville is a platted place within the township's limits, but never has been of much importance. The National pike runs from east to west across this township in a diagonal course. Concerning the early settlement of this township, it might be considered that the list of the aged persons living there in 1876—Centennial year—was a good index of the early families and hence will here be inserted : Hugh Miller, Joseph Eagleson and wife, James Eagleson, Katherine Eagleson, John Luzadder, Nero Gilson, Benjamin Simpson, Nancy McCullum, James Spence, Joseph Griffith, James Dungan, Martha Patterson, Mary Kendall, Elizabeth Boyd. These persons had in 1876 reached the age of seventy-six years and many upwards of that. Many of their children and grandchildren still reside in this township and are the farmers, stockmen and business factors of today. William Norris, a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, born in 1805, removed to Ohio with his young wife in 1834, settling in the north part of Centre township, Guernsey county, where he soon after died. He had a son, William, Jr., who became a well known citizen of the township. John Thompson emigrated to this county at a very early day and located on the banks of Leatherwood creek, in Centre township. He was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in March, 1897, and died here in 1859. Of their six children, four survived to manhood and womanhood. Among those brave souls who braved the dangers of this then new wild country in 1820, were William and Mary (Robinson) Thompson, born about 1787 in Washington county, Pennsylvania. In 1819 they came to Centre township and were delighted with the country and its promises for the future as a home-building place for them. After making a preliminary trip, he brought 286 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. his family on and erected a cabin. The trip was made, with great danger, in a wagon all the way from Pennsylvania. Within a few years he had cleared up a hundred and sixty acres and purchased more land and built a saw and grist-mill on Leatherwood creek, the first within Centre township. Alexander Egleson was born in Ireland in 1783 and came to Pennsylvania in 1819 and to Centre township in 183o. He and his family became substantial and well-to-do farmers of this county. In 1841 came Samuel Nelson and wife from Pennsylvania, their native state, and located in Centre township and here they reared a worthy and industrious family. Thomas and Ann (Pursely) Warne emigrated from New Jersey to Ohio in 1802 and located in Wills township first, then moved to Muskingum county, but in 1812 returned to Guernsey county, settling in Centre township. Their log cabin home was once surrounded by water during a flood and the family were removed on horseback. Mr. Warne was drowned while on a trip to Stillwater, where he had gone to procure funds with which to prosecute his claims for a large estate in the East. He reared a large and highly respected family of sons and daughters. Ireland furnished another sturdy son for the settlement of Centre township, in the person of John Boyd, born in Antrim, 1818. His parents and sister left for America in 1832 to seek a home in free America, and after two weeks in the city of New York, landed in Centre township as soon as they could well make the trip. The father was James Boyd. Stout Patterson was among the hardy pioneers of this township. He was known as Sr. Patterson and his son as Stout, Jr. The father was born in Greene county, Pennsylvania, as was his good wife. They bought and paid for forty acres of land in this township and there they reared a family, lived and finally died. They came here in 18o8, hence were truly "first settlers" in Guernsey county. William Clippinger is another pioneer who must not be omitted in Centre township settlement. He was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, in 1781 and his wife in 1779 ; both died in 1835. He and his son William erected a rude log house and partly cleared up a small farm tract before moving the family here. At the time of his death, he had bought and paid for one hundred and fifty-seven acres. Isaac McCollum was born in New Jersey in 1802, moved to Centre township in 1819 and lived here until overtaken by death. A son of this gentleman, Grey McCollum, served in the Twelfth Ohio Volunteer Infantry during two year of the Civil war and was twice wounded and finally taken prisoner GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 287 and laid in Libby prison pen for six months, but later came home and became a good farmer and held the old homestead. Craig is a hamlet midway between Cambridge and Washington, and consists of about a dozen houses and a general Store. It had a postoffice at one time, but it is now discontinued. CHAPTER XXII. JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP. Jefferson township is the second from the northern and the third from the eastern line of Guernsey county. It is five miles square, contains twenty- five sections and is in an excellent part of the county. Its history dates from June 3, 1816, when it Was cut off from territory formerly included in Madison township. It is without town or village. Its early settlers included the following persons, who in 1876 were reported as still residing within the confines of the township, and had passed the seventy-sixth year mark of life's journey : Edward Bratton, Thomas Brown, James Clark, Caleb Carman, John Leeper, Henry McCleary, John Martin, Stephen Stiles, Andrew Stiles, Robert Speers, Samuel Stewart, Joshua Smith, Harris Wiley, Jane Adams, Mrs. Brown, Margaret Culbertson, Hannah Cannan, Mrs. Fairchild, Delight Gunn, Mrs. Kimble, Elizabeth Lanning, Mary McClary, Nancy McMillen, Fanny Stiles. Eve Taylor and Mrs. Taylor. George Linn was born in Augusta county, Virginia, in 1768, And taught school there until 1813, when he settled here on a farm. He married P/melia Matthews and they reared eight children. Their son, Cyrus, was born here in 1837 and was educated at Athens College and to him and his wife were born five children, well known in this county. John S. Fordyce was born in i8o8 and left his native town in Pennsylvania fifteen years later for Harrison county, Ohio, where his parents decided to locate. He married Margaret Shipman, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1812. They remained in Harrison county eight years and then settled in this township, where he died some years later. They had eight children, John, one of the sons, being born in Harrison county, in 1837. In 1867 he married Hannah Allen, a native of Guernsey county. They first lived two years in Madison township and then came to Jefferson township. Jesse Thomas was born in Pennsylvania and lived at home until 1813, when he married and finally died on the west branch of the Susquehanna river in 1822. His wife then lived in Winchester, this county, until 1849. Their children were Samuel, Lewis, Charles and Jesse. Samuel Thomas was born in Pennsylvania, in 1815, and came to Ohio with his mother in 1823. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 289 He married and resided at various places in this county, until 1843, when he settled in this township and operated a mill many years. He resided on one place more than forty years and was infirmary director and trustee of his township. James Gillispie was born in Ireland in 1787 and emigrated to this country when eighteen years of age, working on a farm in Pennsylvania. In 1809 lie married. He was a soldier in the war of 1812 and in 1831 removed to Belmont county, Ohio, and ten years later to this township. He died in 1847 and his wife in 1841. His family consisted of wife and nine children. The above represent a large majority of the early settlers in this goodly township. Their descendants are scattered throughout this and adjoining counties. FIRST ACTUAL SETTLERS. After having given a number of the earlier pioneers of this township it now becomes the duty of the historian to give something concerning the first actual settlers, who were William Lautz and Martin Stull. These emigrated from Greene county, Pennsylvania, in 1805 and located, Stull on lots 14 and 15, and Lautz on lots I and 2, in the military land district. Stull soon died there. John Tidrick, from the same county and state, settled on lot 3. William Allen located on lot 28 and owned at one time seven hundred acres of land. He came to this township in 1806, and later married Mr. Stull's widow. He reared a large family and was trustee in 1815, when Madison and Jefferson composed one civil township. He died in 1845. Rev. John Graham, in 1824, organized a Methodist Episcopal church, with eight members. They met for worship at Mr. Allen's house for sixteen years, but in 1839 built a church on Mr. Allen's land. This was the first religious society formed within the township. Jonathan Stiles, of English descent, came in 1806, locating in the southeast quarter of section 17, third quarter township. Adam Linn built ,a house and kept tavern on the old Steubenville road in 1809. Abraham Mathews came in the same year, as did John Bird and his eight sons and daughters. William Bratton effected settlement -in 1815, on section 25. It was in 1810 when William Moore and family settled, as did this aged couple's son-in-law, John Henderson. William Moore was justice of the peace in 1816, and John Henderson served from 1819 to 1846 as his successor, two terms being excepted. Both were devout Presbyterians. In 1810 came James Waddle; in 1812 came Nathan Kimball and James 290 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. Strain and Samuel Paxton. The firSt great improvement in mills in the county was by John Armstrong and his son, Abraham. John Lake, who was constable in 1815, settled in 1812 on section 13. He was a Soldier in the war of 1812. In 1815 John McCulloch settled on section 5. and built a saw mill. Andrew Clark built a grist and saw mill combined in one, near Sugar Tree fork postoffice. In 1818 James Wilson Settled on lot 34 and he followed blacksmithing many years. In 1819 Richard Cornell settled on section 25. In 1820 Thomas Whitehill and son, Thomas, from Scotland, settled on section 6. In 1820 also came James Willis, of Ireland; in 1821, came Isaac Lanning, who settled on section 3. John Speers, from Ireland, settled in the same neighborhood about the date last mentioned. Robert Kirkwood located here in 1825 and in 1849 bought the Armstrong farm. He was an elder in the Pleasant Hill United Presbyterian church. CHAPTER XXIII. JACKSON TOWNSHIP. Second from the west and south line of Guernsey county is Jackson civil township. It was organized in 1824 and was named for the illustrious General Andrew Jackson. It contains about twenty-three sections. Its general size and shape is three miles in width from north to south, by seven east and west. Wills creek meanders its course to the north through this township, being formed by Seneca creek and other lesser streams. The Pennsylvania railroad passes through the township from north to south, with a station point at Byesville. This part was early in the permanent settlement of the county and many of the hardy pioneers still remained here to enjoy the fruits of their labors, as late as 1882, when the following were registered as being residents and as being seventy-six or more years of age : Henry Woodrow, Lawson Rogers, Isaac Hoopman, John Fox, James Arbuckle, Joseph Davis, Bethnel Ables, Isaac Meek, Elizabeth Wilson, Mrs. De LaRue, Mrs. Reiney, Mary Wright, Thomas Wilson, Solomon Peter, Simon Dickerson, William Rainey, Benjamin Wells, Daniel Masters, Mary Woodrow, Prudence Selby, Elizabeth Wheatly, Jane Clark and Mrs. Whalon. Of the Newnom family and their settlement, it is related that John Newnom, a native of Talbot county, Maryland, born in 1787, with his wife, sought the West for a home. They went to Muskingum county, Ohio, by means of horse cart, in which the wife rode, while the husband went over hill and dale and called out the many beautiful and romantic scenes as they traveled along. Soon after their arrival in Jackson township, the good wife sickened and died, in 1833, and the same year he married again. They had six sons, including Eusebius H., who was born in Talbot county, Maryland, in 1819, and married Margaret Arbuckle in 1844. They had a large family of sons and daughters. Mr. Newnom had a farm of two hundred and eighty acres and raised many sheep. John Weirs, a native of Harrison county, Virginia, in 1816, emigrated to this county with his parents, Benjamin Weirs and wife, and settled in Jackson township. When they located here there were but twelve houses in the township as now defined. The one hundred and twenty acres which Mr. 292 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. Weirs entered and purchased was all heavily timbered. Here the pioneer went to work and succeeded in clearing up sufficient land to raise a living and subsequently had a beautiful farm and reared an intelligent family of sons and daughters, members of which still honor the family name as influential citizens of today. John Frye was another man who assisted in bringing the township to its present state of improvement. He was born in this county in 1828, and was married in 1854. In 186o Mr. Frye was elected justice of the peace and held the office for twenty-one successive years. He was a long time clerk and treasurer of Jackson township. David Williams emigrated from Scotland to this county, in company with his brother-in-law, Robert Nicholson, in 1818. He was a weaver by trade and did work for his neighbors. In this way he obtained money sufficient to get his farm, consisting of a hundred and twenty acres, and cleared it up. The son, Robert N. Williams, was born in 183o and married in 1831. He bought the old homestead and added thereto. The Nicholsons came originally from Scotland to Maryland and in 1821 came to Guernsey county. He bought three hundred acres of military land and, besides farming, worked as a carpenter. Andrew W. Nicholson was born in 1833, in Jackson township, and became an extensive farmer and coal operator. He had four hundred acres of land, which produced in 1882 from five hundred thousand to a million bushels of coal. These mines are two or three miles south of Cambridge and were worked on the royalty plan by the Ohio Coal Company. Others whose names should not be omitted in this account of the persons who have developed this township are : Elijah Hoopman, Nathan Burt, Mrs. Nancy Nicholson, John F. Trenner, Martin E. Robbins, Thomas S. Shriver, Solomon Peters and sons, Wesley M. Gorsuch, Jonathan S. Gander, David Gander, Benjamin Trenner, Lawson W. Rogers, George Cale, John A. Bliss. Another settler was William M. Grany, of Byesville, a native of Baltimore, born in 1809, who settled in Jackson township in 1856. From 1857 to 1872 he was treasurer of the township. For twenty years he kept a general store at his residence, being postmaster at the same time. Elijah Shriver's birth was among the first in Guernsey county, born as he was in 181o, son of Adam Shriver and wife. The Shrivers left Pennsylvania in 1809 and located in Jackson (then Buffalo) township, this county. Elijah Shriver held various positions here, and was credited with being the richest man in the township in 1880. William Rainey, Sr., left Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1837, GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 293 with Andrew Whittier, his wife's step-father. The couple constructed a rude cabin on lots 28 and 29 of the military lands. Whittier was a German by birth, born in 1716, and emigrated to Maryland before the Revolutionary war. He died at the exceptional old age of one hundred and twenty-four years. BYESVILLE. Byesville is the only platted town, or village, in this township. It dates its platting from July 1, 1856, but as an incorporated place, November 26, Mi. It is situated on section 6, township 1, range 2. A number of citizens joined in the platting of Byesville. Of recent years this has grown to be an excellent business place. The mining and other near-at-hand industries, together with the farming community, makes it a desirable location for lively business interests. The street railway from Cambridge and the Pennsylvania railroad line, afford a speedy mode of transit to and from the outside world. In the fore part of 1866 a new industry commenced to be developed in Guernsey county—that of coal mining—to any considerable extent, through the efforts of W. H. Williams, state pay agent, on the Central Ohio railroad line, a few miles to the east of Cambridge, and following this the opening of mines near present Byesville. The Marietta & Pittsburg road was constructed through this section in 1873, promoted by "General" A. J. Warner. Here, on the east side of where the village of Byesville 'was platted, the first captain of industry located without bonus or free site, erecting a saw mill; also a general store was opened for business and the foundation for commerce and industry was established. The man who accomplished all this and much more was Jonathan Bye, for whom was named Bye's Mills and later the town itself. The first store of the town was conducted by Dr. Francis Walker, the first physician of the village. The old mill was the drawing card here for several years, but it was destroyed by fire a few years ago. Among the earliest settlers of this community were these : The McClusky, Meek, Sayre, Forbes, Shriver, Linkhorn, Secrest, Sears, Gorsuch, Conner, Seals, Selby and Smith families. These pioneer families all have numerous descendants here today. INCORPORATION HISTORY. The incorporation of Byesville dates from February 7, 1882, when the village was duly incorporated and the first municipal election held April 24th, 294 - GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. that year. The first officers were : T. J. Lee, mayor; James Selby, clerk ; L. W. Smith, treasurer. The first marshal of the village was George H. Dudley and the first president of the council was Joseph Allman. The first ordinance passed was restraining the use of fire arms. The following have served as mayors of Byesville T. J. Lee, E. Sears, Lloyd Selby, John Holbrook, Thomas M. Davies, Dillon Marsh, E. W. Smith, Elmer Green, C. A. Bonom and W. A. Chalsfant, the present incumbent. Elmer Green is the present efficient clerk. The village: offices are in a two-story building, purchased in 1907 and now valued at five thousand dollars. It contains rooms for the council meetings, a jail, etc. The village has an efficient volunteer fire department, with an equipment of fine apparatus, including a fire engine and plenty of hose. Water is obtained from seven street cisterns, located at various points in the village. The company consists of about sixty-five members. The streets are lighted by natural gas. Recently a contract was let to the Midland Company to supply this natural gas for so much a month. In 1881 the village possessed but a little more than three hundred souls, but it has grown wonderfully. Board walks were first used, but long since, cement and brick have taken their place and now the mileage of such walks exceeds three miles. The electric line from Cambridge was completed several years ago and the natural gas is used universally for street and domestic use. About twenty coal mines blow their whistles daily to call the hundreds of workmen. The paved streets and general appearance of the place indicates thrift and enterprise. FACTORIES, ETC. Byesville is fast coming to be a factory town. The people have given several concerns a bonus to locate in their midst and such concerns have brought much wealth to the place. Among these may be named the tile works, for which eight thousand dollars was raised ; the Byesville Glass and Lamp Company was operated seven years successfully and employed over two hundred workmen, paying out six thousand dollars each two weeks for some time. This cost the village twenty thousand dollars and the cost of the plant itself was sixty-five thousand dollars. The coal mining interest is the life of Byesville today. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 295 POSTOFFICE. With the laying out of Byesville it had a postoffice and the following have served as postmasters at one time or another : L. K. Thompson, George Conner, Lloyd Selby, E. L. Allman, E. F. Meek, John Nicholson, D. S. Burt and the present incumbent, Dr. C. A. Austin. The office is conducted in all departments in a very careful manner and is centrally located. Of the banks, churches, schools and lodges, the reader is referred to chapters on those subjects in this volume, covering the county in general. A few points to be remembered are these : That natural gas was piped into the village in 1898 ; the electric railroad from Cambridge entered the place in November, 1899 ; coal mining started as an industry in this county in 1866, but Byesville was not identified with it until 1877, when old Central mine started up. Pick mining was then employed altogether. It is estimated that enough coal was taken from these mines if the same had been loaded upon thirty-ton cars to reach across the continent in a solid train of cars. The following six men lost their lives in this first Byesville vicinity mine : Eli Wilson, William Mackley, Thomas Allender, Hollis James, William Collins and John W. Hesse. BUSINESS DIRECTORY OF 1910. Banks—First National and Byesville State Bank. Drugs—J. M. Combs & Company, G. A. Heiner. Dry Goods—J. A. Prior, E. L. Grossman, J. H. Meek. Feed Store—G. W. Collins, B. G. Witten Sons Company. Furniture—S. W. Conner, Eberle & McCormick. General Stores—A. C. Outland, F. W. Johnston, Byesville Co-operative Company, Burkhard Brothers, E. L. Gary, Graham & Son, J. A. Prior, Hutton & Clay. Hardware—Guernsey Hardware Company, H. C. Egger. Hotel—J. H. Thompson. Groceries—W. L. Foraker, T. F. Slay, McLaughlin & Osler. Livery—S. W. Stage, E. O. Beckett. Newspaper—Byesville Enterprise. Millinery—Ina Hilderbrand, Lilly Williams, Yoho & Yoho. Meat Market—J. W. Culbertson, J. H. Dickens. CHAPTER XXIV. KNOX TOWNSHIP. Knox township, taken from the north end of Westland and a part of Wheeling township in March, 1819, is now a five-mile square civil precinct of Guernsey county, bounded on the 'west by Muskingum county, on the north by Coshocton county and Wheeling township of this county, on the east by Liberty and Cambridge townships and on the south by Adams township. There are no towns of any commercial importance within this township and, without railroads or large water courses, it depends largely on Cambridge as its trading place. This township is devoted largely to agricultural pursuits and has a number of excellent places, well improved, 'which yield up their annual harvests. At the time of the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, in 1876, a canvass of the old settlers was made which resulted in the showing of the following list of pioneers who had attained the age, or passed the age, of seventy-six years, then residing in the township : Jared Terrell, Margaret Terrell, Jane Patrick, George Eckelberry and wife, Mrs. Sarah A. Estep, William Young, Jane Young, James Black, William Scott, Jacob Merlat, Hugh Dyer, James Cullen, Benjamin Hawthorne, George Estep, Edward Beal and John Zimmerman. These old settlers nearly all came to Knox township at an early time and reared large families which have one by one taken their places in the great busy world, in one capacity or another. William Kenworthy came from England in 1841, and worked for ten years in a cotton factory in Delaware county, Pennsylvania, but in 1851 located in Knox township and cleared up most of the old homestead found there today. William Hamilton Clark was four years old when his parents came from Ireland. In 1840 he married and settled in Knox township, this county. Eleven children were born to this worthy couple. Mr. Clark was school director in this township for many years. Francis Kilpatrick came from Ireland in 1850, and effected a permanent settlement in Knox township, where he and his interesting family spent the remainder of their days. GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 297 John Clark (father of Elizabeth Weir) was a native of Ireland and a blacksmith by trade. 'Ten years after his marriage he emigrated to America and they were the parents of seven children. They lived five years in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, then located in Knox township, this county, and the family have become scattered, but all widely known as men and women of rare industry and integrity. William P. Ross, son of James Ross, of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, was quite an early settler in Knox township. He was school director for twenty years and lived on and owned the farm known as the "Old Still House Farm," as at one time it had a still on it. Jacob Marlatt was born in Maryland in 1803. Five years after his marriage he settled in Knox township and became the father of thirteen children, including Josephus, who served as a soldier in the One Hundred and Twenty- second Ohio Infantry, and was badly wounded at the battle of the Wilderness. William Addy, horn in 1781, in Virginia, and John Kennedy, an Irish weaver, born in 1779, were both early pioneers in Knox township. The biographical volume of this work will give the sketches of many who located, at a later date, in this township. CHAPTER XXV. OXFORD TOWNSHIP. Oxford is on the eastern border of Guernsey county, midway north and south. It is five miles from north to south and six from east to west, containing about thirty sections of excellent land. Belmont county is to the east, Millwood township on the south, Wills and Madison on the west and Londonderry township on the north. Fairview, an historic village, is the only place of much importance within the township. Here begins the first section of the old National pike in Guernsey county. It traverses the township through its central portion, passing through six sections of the township, en route to Cambridge. It was one of the original townships in the county and an account is given of its early settlement, etc., by a citizen, Fred L. Rosmond, whose sketch of the township is as follows : "At the organization of Guernsey county in April, 181o, Oxford was one of the five townships into which the county was originally divided and, of course, was much larger than it now is. As it lay against Belmont county on the east, with only that one county intervening between it and the Ohio river, and as the 'Zane Trace' traversed it from east to west, it profited by the early immigration from the East, which had no other equally good thoroughfare. "Oxford township was also on the eastern border of the United States military bounty lands, and at the western border of the 'Seven Ranges.' The latter were the first government lands surveyed for sale, and were also the first public lands to which the rectangular system, affording sections one mile square, was applied. The lands in the 'Seven Ranges' were on the market from 1787 onward at the fixed price of two dollars per acre. The sale of them became slow, partially because the price was comparatively high. Lands in the Western Reserve were offered by Connecticut at fifty cents per acre. Lands in the Symmes Purchase in southwestern Ohio were offered at sixty-seven cents per acre. Moreover 'when, in 170, the survey of the military bounty lands was authorized, and these were put on the market by those who earned or acquired bounty certificates, the competition with the land in the 'Seven Ranges' became sharper, and one reason appears why immi- GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO - 299 grants would pass just through the 'Seven Ranges' and settle on the bounty lands in Oxford township and the country west of that. "The Zane Trace 'was made under contract with the federal government, by Ebenezer Zane, for whom Zanesville is named. It extended from opposite Wheeling to what was then known as Limestone, a point on the Ohio river nearly opposite Maysville, Kentucky. At the outset the chief towns along it were Cambridge, Zanesville, Lancaster and Chillicothe. It was neither a highway, nor what would now be considered a road. The makers of it contented themselves with cutting down the timber and clearing away some of the undergrowth, so that the route would be passable for horsemen ; and this seems to have been all that was expected of them. There was no ferry west from Wheeling until the crossing of Wills creek, where Cambridge now stands, was reached. In a general way Zane followed an Indian trail. The route was an important one, however, because it connected Pennsylvania and the Ohio river at Wheeling with the West and Southwest, and, with the so-called Wilderness Trail, connecting Kentucky with Virginia, formed the two great arteries of communication for that day between the East and the West across the Alleghanies. "The township organization was effected April 23, 1810. It is a tradition that there were then not enough men in the township, large as it was, to fill the offices. As the number of offices at that time seems to have been nineteen, this is likely a mistake. Perhaps it may be that there were then not enough voters to fill the offices, but there were more than nineteen male persons in that region. Later on the population was added to chiefly by settlers who had served in the war of 1812, and in the early years the Irish and Scotch-Irish largely preponderated. A roster of the names of the early residents shows this. "The first settlement in Oxford township was at Fletcher, where the Fletcher Methodist Episcopal church now is. Nothing except this perpetuation of that name, and some faint inscriptions on the stones in the burying- ground hard by, remain to testify to its existence. It was on the Zane Trace. Philip Rosemond settled here on a quarter section of land which he bought early in April, 181o, from Noah Linsley for five hundred dollars. To this he added, in 1819, another quarter section which he bought from John Heskett in January, 1819. He kept here for years a tavern, and is said to have been the first postmaster, and to have kept the first postoffice between Wheeling and Zanesville. Nearby were the Wherrys, Ableses, Kennons, Mortons and Plattenburgs. "In March, 1814, Fairview 'was laid out by Hugh Gilliland, containing thirty lots, each one-fourth of an acre in area, fronting on the two sides of