(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 425 the Daily Gazette, November 18, 1880, occurs the following notice of this episode in his life: The history of this case is still fresh in the minds of many, it having been decided in favor of the company by the court of appeals of Kentucky at the winter term of 1872. The records of the suit itself and the history of the case are almost romantic, and would fill volumes. The Covington & Lexington railroad had been sold in 1859 to R. B, Bowler and associates. About the close of the Rebellion, Major Zinn as attorney for the stockholders of the company, undertook the recovery of the road, and very soon litigation was commenced. At the beginning of the suit the stock of the company was not worth one penny on the dollar, and in most cases was regarded as no more valuable than so much waste paper. Although the case was decided as above stated in 1873, a petition for rehearing and a modification of the court's decree entailed further delay, and the case was not finally settled till 1875. This settlement resulted in a compromise and a readjustment of the company upon the basis of preferred and common stock under the name of the Kentucky Central Railroad company. Among other stockholders, the city of Cincinnati owned stock to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars for money loaned the company at its first organization. By the terms of the compromise, Cincinnati received in preferred stock one hundred thousand dollars, and ever since 1875 the city has been drawing semi-annually thereon a dividend of three per cent. The common stock has also drawn ever since a dividend of a less per cent. Major Zinn, since the compromise and up to the time of his death, has been actively and earnestly identified with Ale management and welfare of the road and was a member of the board of directors of the company. At present the Kentucky Central is one of the best roads, financially, and in every other respect, leading out of Cincinnati. It is true that in the extended litigation attending the case, Major Zinn had associated with him a number of the most distinguished lawyers of this and the Kentucky bar, But surely none will deny that the burden and heat of the battle fell upon Mr. Zinn, and that but for his sagacity, perseverance, energy, and good judgment, such a suit would never have been undertaken, much less prosecuted to an end so victorious. He expended his own means when others thought that to contribute would be throwing money into the fire. Of his time he expended well nigh ten solid years, a rounded block out of the prime of life, in this litigation. The entire railroad and franchises would have been small compensation for such labor and thought as Major Zinn gave to the work. As a result of the wide and minute study necessary to the mastery of this cause, the public and profession became indebted to Major Zinn for his book of "Leading and Select Cases on Trusts," published in 1873 in a handsome volume of six hundred and fifty pages by Robert Clarke and company. At the bar, as everywhere else, his energy and industry were tireless. He never knew an idle, and scarcely ever a thoroughly restful moment. He delighted in grappling with difficulties, which he seldom failed to overcome by his indomitable tenacity and perseverance. The Gazette writer says: He knew no such word as yield or fail. It was a common matter among the older members of the bar to designate these qualities by saying that when Peter Zinn had once taken hold of any thing he could never let go. These characteristics seemed to grow rather than decrease with his years. The services of Major Zinn to the State and Nation were even more conspicuous and eminent. He had been a conservative Democrat in his earlier manhood, and had been elected in 1849, by the party with which he was then affiliated, as a representative in the State legislature. In that position he gave special attention to the interests of Cincinnati, still the city of his residence, particularly her corporate investments in railroads and other speculative enterprises that pressed upon her. Upon the rise of the Republican party he found his anti-slavery sympathies more closely allying him with it than with the Democratic organization, and he joined himself to its banners. In 1857 he stood upon the Republican ticket as a candidate for the State senate with a view mainly to the promotion of the candidacy of Judge Salmon P. Chase for the governorship, in which his canvass was successful, although he was himself defeated at the polls. He was again in the legislature, however, but as an ardent Republican and loyalist, in the trying sessions of 1862-3, and gave his adhesion, his voice and vote, to every measure that promised to aid the cause of the Union. Not content with this, he offered his services as a soldier to Governor Tod, when the latter called for three-months volunteers, and was appointed major in the Fifty-fifth Ohio infantry. About the time of the expiration of this service, the famous "siege of Cincinnati" occurred, and Major Zinn, who was at Camp Chase when the alarm broke out, promptly led a battalion of two hundred and forty men, all of them soldiers of experience and some who were officers waiving rank and serving as privates, to the relief of the threatened city. He then organized four companies of "Governor's Guards" for duty at Camp Chase, who are reported to have been a superior body of citizen soldiers. He was placed in command of the Camp, and remained on patriotic duty there and in the State legislature until the spring of 1863, when he declined further service for the time being, in order to give needed attention to his family and profession. He had now for some years been residing in Delhi township, where he laid off the subdivision known as Delhi, at the place of his residence, and readers of our chapter on the John Morgan raid through Ohio, in the first division of this work, will remember that the officers of the militia called out during the fright produced by that inroad, from Green, Miami, and Delhi townships, were instructed to report to Major Peter Zinn, at Delhi. This was his last active service as a military officer, he thenceforth was devoted to his profession and other private business. In 1865 he removed to a delightful home on the bank of the Ohio, at West Riverside or "Collum's Station," where he made great improvements, and interested himself also in the extension of the river turnpike from that place to Muddy creek, setting out one thousand trees along its route only the season before he died. He was anxious always for the betterment and growth of every community in which he lived, and was, in the best sense of the term, a public-spirited citizen. He sought no honors for himself, however, and was satisfied with private station. A man of remarkable modesty, he detested brazen show and ostentation in others. He wore no jewelry, was entirely plain in his tastes, dress and bearing, and in all things observed a truly admirable republican simplicity. Here, at his home in West Riverside, November 17, 1880, Major Zinn departed this life, in the sixty-second year of his age. His death awakened the liveliest expressions of regret in the local community, also in Cincinnati, in the city press and in the resolutions of numerous societies and public bodies. 54 426 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. REES E. PRICE, of Oak Thorpe, Derbyshire, England, was born August 12, 1795. His father, Evan Price, an enterprising Welsh merchant, was a fine specimen of manly beauty, endowed with more activity and strength than men ordinarily possess. His early life had been passed among the sterile hills of his native Cambria, whither his ancestors had fled from the fruitful plains of Monmouth and Herefordshire for refuge during the Saxon conquest. At the age of twenty-five he turned his back upon his mountain home and wended his way into London, in 1781. He obtained employment in a dry-goods store, where by five years of close application to business he acquired a good reputation and sufficient means to become a trading merchant. About this time he married a Miss Sarah Pierce, of Welsh and England descent. She was born in London, and was a blue-eyed English blonde of remarkable beauty, and was entering her nineteenth year when married. She left her pleasant home and accompanied her husband in his toilsome perigrinations, to assist him in his business. She bore her husband six children, two of whom died in infancy. The children were born at different places, where our trader happened to stop, and it is due to this fact that Oak Thorpe, Derbyshire, England, is the birthplace of our subject, Rees Price, the oldest son of his parents. On the first of July, 1801, they sailed from the Liverpool docks to cast their fortunes in the young republic of America, and on the thirtieth day of the following August they safely landed at the wharves of Baltimore, Maryland. He at once made his way over the mountains to the valley of the Miami, to carry out a long-cherished scheme of entering upon a business for himself. This was at a time when the star of empire seemed to have settled over Cincinnati. He brought with him his stock of goods in three five-horse wagons, he and his family following in a gig. Their journey over the mountains was long and tedious, but at last a part of the wagon train arrived at Brownsville, Pennsylvania, and the other two wagons had gone forward to Pittsburgh. Our trader followed the first part of the train, and on arriving at Brownsville purchased a flat-boat in which he stowed his family and goods and gig; the balance of the goods was then taken on at Pittsburgh, and in a few days the precious freight was landed in Cincinnati in the foot of Main street, June 1, 1807. He had then his wife, four children, and about ten thousand dollars' worth of store goods. Cincinnati at that day contained about two hundred houses, and these were located principally on three streets running north and south—Main; Sycamore, and Broadway, and the three running east and west—Front, Columbia and Lower Market streets. Fifth and Main streets were far up in the woods, and a brickyard was situated in the swamps not far south from where the Burnet House now stands. The population of the city did not exceed two thousand at that time. After Mr. Price had established his business he found it necessary to return to Baltimore for more goods. The entire journey had to be performed on horseback, rendering the undertaking hazardous, and requiring good physical health to endure and some grit to accomplish. His valuable wife determined to share the hardship of this return journey with her sturdy companion, and both accordingly set out on a bright October day to cross the mountains, leaving the house and goods in charge of their eldest daughter, Sarah, and Rees, their eldest son' now in the thirteenth year of his age. The subject of our sketch, Rees Price, inherited many of the native endowments of his parents. He was well developed physically and mentally. With shapely limbs he walked with the energy and springing step of his father and possessed the suave manner, candor, and mental characteristics of his mother. He won many friends outside of those who were brought into contact with him in merely a business way. His father's success in business enabled him to make large purchases of lands west of Mill creek, but his long years of honest toil, that brought him such large results, were wasted in naught in trying to help incompetent kinsmen and others, to such amounts in the use of his name as brought banbruptcey to his own fortunes. He attempted to retrieve his lost fortune, and began the second time, at an advanced age, to accomplish the result; but the task proved a struggle too great for the will-power of the man, and he died November 19, 1821, at the age of sixty-four years. Rees E. Price was twenty-seven years of age at the death of his father, and, owing to the want of educational advantages previous to the year 1808 and his father's embarrassments, he was called upon to aid him in extricating himself from his obligations. This labor, severe as it was, proved the only education of great practical importance received. He was in every sense of the word a frontiersman in pioneer life; strong, active, and a hard-laboring man. He could go into the timber and in the sunlight of one day cut, split, and stack three cords of wood. With his keen-edged skinning axe he felled the forest and helped to make way for the school-houses, furnace-flues and factory-stack. With honest sweat and toil he manufactured millions of brick to be used in building the beautiful mansions and business blocks of the Paris of America. He was truly an honest man, and a hard-working, faithful brother. A classical education might have developed other qualities of the mind had he spent his time in school and afterward followed some of the leading professions. But no course in life would have developed his usefulness, have made him a more valuable, respected and admired citizen, in all probability, than the honest, straightforward course he took and maintained with his dying principles through life. In one sense he was truly educated, being a useful worker. At the age of twenty-0ne he found his father's estate insolvent. He had a constitution by nature strong, and as yet unimpaired, and went to work with a will to correct the misfortune. He possessed a good stock of correct principles, and, under the guidance and influence of his mother's love, fortune was made to smile upon his brave endeavors, and at the age of thirty-four he found himself free from all incumbrances. Of the leading traits which formed the character of our subject at that HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 427 time we may mention his industry, honesty, will-power, and benevolence. These traits adhered to him through life. He was kind and considerate to the poor, ready and punctual to help those in need, while his word was his bond, and was so considered by his acquaintances. He was a man possessing prodigious strength. He at one time lifted a log with a man on it that a number of men had failed to lift without the man; at another time he shouldered a stone that a number of men singly had tried in vain to raise from the ground. He was a peaceable, silent, thoughful man. In his living he was temperate and frugal, a student of man and of nature, the results of which wrought out for him principles then regarded by the slow age as odd notions and conceits, but now better accepted by the thinking mind as living facts. In politics he was an admirer of Jackson, the heroic willpower and patriotism of the man, completely winning his favor for the time being, but the governing policy of the old hero as it developed itself, though popular with the masses, found no sympathy or support from Mr. Price. He subsequently became an anti-slavery man, and voted for James G. Birney for President, since which time he has taken no part in politics. The act of Congress which robbed Mexico of its territory, to annex it to the United States in the interest of the dark spirit of slavery, was declared by him to be an abhorrence and that the nation had dishonored itself in perpetrating such a wrong. His sense of justice was so much outraged at this flagrant act that he published his declaration to the world that he had no part in this dishonesty of the Government, and that to such a Government he owed no allegiance. He visited Washington city, and in the Senate chamber in an almost frenzied condition denounced the unrighteous act in the presence of the men who had consummated it, and for the course he took, exhibiting an unreasonable contempt for the danger in which he was placed, was imprisoned by the authorities as a felon. At the age of twenty-nine our subject was married to Miss Sarah Matson, daughter of Judge Matson, the distinguished gentleman so well known in this county. After this marriage, in a dower conferred upon his daughter, the unselfish character of the man was beautifully illustrated. To Sarah was given by her father eighty-two and a half acres of one of the most valuable farms in the Ohio valley, located but a few miles west of the city, on the banks of the river. The manly feelings of Mr. Price refused to have the farm conveyed to him or at any time to receive any profit therefrom, accepting it as law that there can be no legal title to land unless purchased by labor, and that he would eat no bread that was not won by honest toil, whether right or wrong. These were the axioms that governed him through life and illustrated his convictions at all times. Mr. Price was a close student of Scriptural prophecies and gave them literal interpretation, politically and ecclesiastically. He held that Jesus of Nazareth was the Son of God by virtue of his loyalty to the divine attributes, and that Scripture prophecies indicate the modern advent of the grand man on earth who, with similar loyalty to divine principles, will be endowed with power like that ascribed to the meek and lowly one. Bishop Morris, in the Christian Advocate of February 22, 1849, says that— In his habits he is abstemious; drinks no tea, coffee, or anything but water; eats no animal food, but eats vegetables and fruits, except apples, which are the forbidden fruit, and are the raw material from which comes cider, which, in 184o, was used as the symbol of man-worshipone of the marks of the feast. He is fluent, often shrewd; has a stentorian voice, and talks not by the hour only, but by the day and night. Still he is gentle, polite and good-natured; bears reproof with meekness and contradiction with patience, but never yields a point which is to him rendered certain by revelation; he believes the Bible, but interprets it by the spirit within him. Although Mr. Price was a remarkable man, he was never in school after he was eleven years of age. He was married ninth December, 1824, after which he moved to the mouth of Mill creek, where John E. Price, his eldest son, was born and named after both grandparents. Mr. Price died January 20, 1877, on the hill which bears his name. Mr. John Price was born November 29, 1825, and after leaving school turned his attention to brick-making. In 1851, he accepted a position on the Ohio & Mississippi railroad as conductor, and is the oldest official in that business on that line. In 1845 he was one of the contractors for the construction of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Daytona The first train, was run over that line tenth of April, 1854. In 1860, beginning in the month of October, he went south and was engaged on a road between Sabine pass and Beaumont, Texas, but the breaking out of the war stopped proceedings. The work now is being pushed forward by other parties. He was in the war three years as, from October, 1862, till October, 1865, superintendent of a division on the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad. He was also on other lines. In 1868 he began the construction of the Price's Hill inclined plane, which he and his brother finally completed, including the elevator, in 1875, at a cost of about two hundred thousand dollars. He was married May 11, 1875, to Miss Fannie Kugler, daughter of David Kugler, of Clermont county, Ohio. By this marriage Mr. Price is the father of two children. He resides on Price's Hill. GENERAL DURBIN WARD. This gentleman, one of the foremost at the Hamilton county bar, and an orator of unwonted eloquence and power, is a Kentuckian born, a native of Augusta, in Bracken county, where he first saw the light February 11, 1819. He is of English and Welsh stock, his ancestors having settled on the eastern shore of Maryland about 1734. His father and grandfather were both soldiers in the War of 1812-15, the latter with the Maryland contingent, and the former with the Kentucky troops serving in the northwestern army. His father married Rebecca Patterson, daughter of an old soldier of the War of 1812. He received his given name from the distinguished Methodist preacher of two generations ago, the Rev. John P. Durbin, who was a schoolmate of Mrs. Ward. When the lad was about four years of age his 428 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. father removed to Fayette county, Indiana. Here Durbin received a moderate primary education in the common schools, and subsequently he spent two years in the Miami university, at Oxford, where he supported himself by his own exertions. He had, however, for many years been an omnivorous, insatiable reader, and up to the age of eighteen had actually perused every book that had come within his view. He thus left college with a vastly better equipment in intellectual resources and practical preparation for active life than many full graduates possess. He determined to become a lawyer, and began to read the literature of the profession, at first with Judge Smith, then with the Hon. Thomas Corwin. Admitted to the bar in due time, he enjoyed the honors and emoluments of a business partnership with Mr. Corwin for about three years. In 1845 he was elected prosecuting attorney for the county of Warren, and served in this office for six' years. In 1852-3 he was a member of the house of representatives in the State legislature, the first held under the new constitution. He was an active and able member, and attracted considerable attention by an elaborate, strong report from his pen, conveying an argument against capital punishment, and also an eloquent eulogy pronounced upon the occasion of the death of Governor Jeremiah Morrow, likewise by his effective opposition to the measure then proposed and advocated even by such influential members of the "third house" as Judge Bellamy Storer and William Corry, to lend the public arms of the State to Kossuth, then in this country, for revolutionary purposes. For some years Mr. Ward was not much in politics, and in 1855 he finally abandoned the old Whig organization to which he had been long attached, but which was then almost in articulo mortis, and transferred his allegiance to the Democratic party, in whose faith he has since remained steadfast. In 1856 he was nominated by his new fellow-partisans as a candidate for Congress, but suffered defeat, with many other Democrats in the same canvass. In 1858 he was again upon the Democratic ticket, this time as a candidate for the office of attorney general. He was also about this time prominently mentioned in connection with a candidacy for the supreme bench. He has since been a candidate in the hands of his friends for nomination to the governorship, and also to the United States Senate, and has from time to time been conspicuously named or formally nominated for other positions. He was a firm and useful adherent of Senator Douglas, of Illinois, then in training for the Presidential race, was often chairman of meetings of Douglas Democrats, and, in 186o, published a' pamphlet in defence of the Douglas doctrine of popular sovereignty. When the war of the Rebellion broke out he was prompt to enlist in the Union army, and, indeed, it is claimed that he was the first volunteer from his district, having begun to recruit a company even before the proclamation of President Lincoln calling for volunteers. He enlisted for the three months' service as a private in the Twelfth Ohio infantry, but was most of the time in service with the staff of General Schleich. At the end of his first enlistment he was appointed major of the Seventeenth Ohio infantry, and took the field with it in southern Kentucky in October, 1861. He took prominent part in the battles at Mill Springs, Corinth, Perryville, Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, and other historic fields, and was seriously wounded in the last named fight, being shot through the body, and his left arm disabled for life. He went through the Atlanta campaign, however, with his arm in a sling, but received another injury to it about the close of the campaign, and was finally compelled to resign November 8, 1864. Upon his return he remained at Nashville, notwithstanding his release from service, while it was threatened by the enemy under General Hood, and served as volunteer aid-de-camp on the staff of Major General Schofield. He had been made a lieutenant colonel in February, 1863, was promoted to colonel in November, of the same year, and breveted brigadier general November 18, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Chickamauga." The writer of a book of Ohio biographies, in which General Ward's name has a conspicuous place, says that, "throughout his military career he was a bold, zealous, fighting officer, having the full confidence of his men." After the war he was for a time engaged at Washington in the prosecution of claims against the Government, but eventually came to Cincinnati and reentered law practice, in which he has since remained, with distinguished and lucrative success. While still at Washington he became a supporter of the policy of President Johnson, aided in organizing the Union club, of that city, and was a delegate to the National Union convention at Philadelphia aad the Soldiers' convention at Cleveland in the autumn of 1866. November 18th of that year he was appointed United States attorney for the southern district of Ohio, and, in 187o, against his expressed desire, he was nominated and elected as one of the Warren and Butler county delegation to the State senate, where he again faithfully served his constituents. He has since held no public office, but his services as a campaign orator are still much in request by his party, in which capacity he renders most efficient service. He is an eloquent speaker in other departments of oratory. A volume of his miscellaneous addresses and orations is now in preparation, and will soon be before the public. A wide and permanent popularity may be safely predicted for it. General Ward was married November 27, 1866, to Miss Elizabeth Probasco, sister of Judge John Probasco, formerly a partner of Governor Corwin. The union has so far proved childless. HON. MANNING F. FORCE The Hon. Manning Ferguson Force, one of the judges of the superior court of Cincinnati, is of Huguenot stock on his father's side, and Welsh in the maternal ancestry. William Force, his grandfather, served in the continental army in the war of the Revolution. Peter Force, his father, was a native of New Jersey, but resided during most of his life in Washington city, where he died HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 429 January 23, 1868. Here he became famous as an antiquary and annalist, especially for the compilation of the invaluable work known as the American Archives, the nine volumes of which that were published constitute one of the great standard authorities for students and writers of American history. For the preparation of this he collected the finest series of "Americana" in the world, except that now existing in the British museum. The books and pamphlets in this department of his library were purchased by the Government for the library of Congress shortly before his death. Manning F. Force was born in Washington, December 17, 1824. He was prepared for appointment and admission to the West Point Military academy at a boarding school in Alexandria, Virginia, but decided to enter Harvard university instead. He was matriculated as a sophomore, and graduated from this institution in 1845, but continued his attendance at Cambridge as a member of the University Law school, from which he took his diploma three years afterwards. The succeeding year, in January, 1849, he made the beginning of a career in the Queen City by entering the office of Messrs. Walker & Kebler, where he read law assiduously during another twelve-month. At the expiration of this time he was admitted to the bar, and afterwards became a member of the firm, which now. took the name and style of Walker, Kebler & Force. After the death of Judge Walker, Mr. Force remained in partnership with Mr. Kebler until the outbreak of the war of the Rebellion. Offering his services then to the Government, he was made lieutenant-colonel of the Twentieth regiment of Ohio infantry, in the three-years' service. He was with it in the battles of Fort Donelson and Pittsburgh Landing, and presently became its chief officer after the resignation of Colonel Charles Whittlesey, now of Cleveland, through ill health. He shared the perils of the advance on Corinth, the battles of Iuka and the Hatchie, the desperate engagement of Leggett's command near Bolivar, and frequent reconnaissance, often accompanied with sharp skirmishing. During the march to Vicksburgh he was heavily engaged with his regiment at Raymond and the Champion Hills, at Port Gibson and Jackson. While the siege was progressing, the Twentieth was sent up the Yazoo river with General Blair's expedition, and on its return Colonel Force was promoted to the command of the Second brigade, Third division, Seventeenth army corps, and detached with it, in June, 1863, as part of Sherman's army of observation upon the movements of Johnston's troops. When Sherman moved toward Jackson the brigade did guard duty along the road to Clinton. About this time Colonel Force was decorated with the gold medal of honor of the Seventeenth corps, by the award of a military board. In August he marched with General Stevenson's expedition to Monroe, Louisiana, and there received his commission as brigadier-general. In October he participated in the demonstration on Canton, under General McPherson. November 15th he took command of the First brigade, in the same division and corps, and during the winter took charge of the outpost at the crossing of the Big Black river. In February, 1864, he accompanied General Sherman to Meridian, and on the fourth advanced with the corps to the vicinity of Jackson, skirmishing with the enemy for several miles, and his brigade rushing forward voluntarily and entering Jackson after nightfall. On the fourteenth his brigade was detached to burn a railway bridge over the Chunkey river, and during the movement surprised the rear guard of two brigades of rebel cavalry, under General Jackson, and routed them in utter disorder. His former regiment now took its veteran furlough, and he went with it home. The Seventeenth corps, with this and other veteran regiments, soon after reinforced the army of General Sherman, then engaged in the campaign against Atlanta, and participated with it in subsequent engagements. The brigade commanded by General Force formed the extreme left of the Federal line at Kenesaw Mountain, and in one of the engagements there carried the enemy's entrenchments at the foot of the height. Before Atlanta the brigade was swung to the right flank, and then to the left, where it captured a fortified hill in full view of the city, although bravely defended by a part of General Pat Cleburne's rebel division. The next day, July 22nd, occurred the terrific battle of the army of the Tennessee against nearly the whole of Hood's army, in which General McPherson was slain and General Force was wounded by a shot which passed through the upper part of the face, and for the time entirely disabled him. He was supposed to be fatally hurt, and was sent home to Cincinnati, but recovered in time to report again for duty at Gaylesville, Alabama, while General Sherman was following Hood in his advance upon Nashville. Here he received the brevet of major general "for especial gallantry at Atlanta." He was in the famous march to the sea, and in that across the Carolinas he was in temporary command of the Third division of his corps, and with it forced the crossing at Orangeburgh, South Carolina, from the rebels. At Goldsborough he was regularly assigned to the command of the First division. During all battles and marches General Force had kept his place, except during the retirement enforced by his severe wound at Atlanta, while his staff officers were frequently changed by the casualties of war, three of them being killed on the field, one mortally wounded, one made prisoner, and two sent, broken down by hard service, to the hospital. After the close of the war General Force was retained, in order to command a military district in Mississippi. After the performance of this duty he was mustered out in January, 1866. Returning home he was proffered eminent civil office by President Johnson, and also tendered an appointment as colonel of the Thirty-second infantry in the regular army, but declined both to reenter the pursuits of civil life. A writer in the Biographical Cyclopedia and Portrait Gallery of Distinguished Men says of his military career : Of General Force's record as a soldier it may be said that he was at the front during the whole war of secession, that he lost neither a cannon, nor a caisson, nor a wagon, and his command, though always in the extreme front, was never taken by surprise, was never thrown into confusion, and never gave back under fire. In the fall of 1867, having resumed the practice of his profession, General Force was elected by the Republican 430 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. party, of which he had been a member from its beginning, to the bench of the common pleas, and was reelected in 1871. In 1876 he received the Republican nomination for Congress, but took no part in the canvass on account of his judicial position; and to this fact, probably, is due his defeat by his opponent, the Hon. Milton Sayler, but by a majority of only seven hundred, while Mr. Sayler's majorities had previously mounted into the thousands. The next spring Judge Force was advanced to the bench of the superior court of Cincinnati, upon which he now occupies an honored place. He is also professor of equity and criminal law in the Cincinnati Law school, has been for many years president of the Ohio Historical and Philosophical society, which is virtually a Cincinnati institution; has been a director of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home at Dayton, a trustee of the Ohio Medical college, one of the founders of the musical festivals and the zoological garden, and a member of the Music Hall association and other organizations. He was united in marriage May 13, 1874, to Miss Frances Dabney Horton, of Pomeroy, Ohio. They have one child, a son. HON. JOSEPH COX, judge of the district court and court of common pleas of Hamilton county, and an eminent lawyer, is a native of Chambersburgh, Pennsylvania, born August 4, 1822, son of Dr. Hiram and Margaret (Edwards) Cox. His paternal grandfather was a pioneer in western Virginia, and his maternal grandsire in western Pennsylvania. Both were soldiers of the Revolution and of the Indian wars that followed, and the latter was killed in an Indian fight near Wheeling about 1795; the other was killed by the premature falling of a tree, leaving a young family, among whom was Hiram Cox, father of the subject of this sketch. He was early apprenticed to a saddler, but had an aptitude for scholarship which made him a teacher at the early age of sixteen, and at twenty-one head of a flourishing academy at Chambersburgh, which he maintained for ten years. He was united in marriage to Margaret Edwards during this period. Their second child was Joseph, who inherited not only a love of learning, but great physical vigor, energy, and ability to sustain continuous and severe labor. In February, 1829, the elder Cox, having meanwhile studied medicine, removed his family to Cincinnati, and shortly after to Dayton, Ohio, and there practiced his profession for two years. He then returned to Cincinnati, took a course and graduated at the. Ohio Medical college, practiced four years in Clermont county and then returned to Hamilton county, where he spent his remaining years, dying at a good old age in 1867. His son Joseph had already, upon arrival in the Miami valley, although but seven years old, advanced beyond the rudiments of learning in his father's school. His education was carried on in the schools of Clermont county, and in a singular but very efficient academy popularly called the "Quail-trap college," kept in a log cabin upon a farm near Goshen, by the Rev. Ludwell G. Gaines, a Presbyterian clergyman and very distinguished educator. Young Cox early became himself a teacher, at first as an assistant in the academy kept by Mr. Thompson, at Springdale, in Springfield township. He made use of his earnings here to maintain himself as a student at Miami university, in which he took a partial course. He studied medicine for a time, but eventually determined to become a lawyer, and read the literature of the profession with Thomas J. Strait and Messrs. Cary and Caldwell, all prominent practitioners in Cincinnati. Admitted to the bar in 1843, he began practice in partnership with Henry Snow, which lasted about five years, His fortunes were cast with the Whig party of that day, by whom he was twice nominated to the office of prosecuting attorney, while still a young practitioner; but the party was then in a hopeless minority in the county, and he could not expect an election. He was, however, elected to the post in 1855 by a large majority, and had a laborious and eventful, but thoroughly able and reputable term of service, during which he was successful in breaking up a strong gang of counterfeiters and sending ten of them to the State penitentiary. Other important public services were rendered by him; and he abundantly earned then, and by subsequent fidelity in his more private practice, the promotion which came to him (he being then a Republican) in 1866, in his election as the judge of the common pleas court for the first judicial district. To this post he was reelected in 1871, and again in 1876, and has thus been fifteen years on the bench. In 1867 he was very strongly recommended by the Cincinnati bar for appointment as United States district judge, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of the Hon. H. H. Leavitt. His judicial, as well as his professional, career, has been marked by eminent and pronounced success. He has also strong literary and antiquarian tastes; has written much for the public press, and delivered numerous lectures, several of which have been published. Indebtedness to certain of them will be found acknowledged in various portions of this history, to which he has also made important contributions in the course of private conversation. He is one of the most affable and popular of men, while he cultinates none of the arts of the demagogue. Madisonville, six miles from Cincinnati, the place of his residence, and the Scientific and Literary society of that village, owe not a little to the sympathy and cooperation of Judge Cox in every good word and work. He has also done his party much service by his speeches in advocacy of its principles and policy, as he did to the. Union cause in many ways during the bloody years of the Rebellion. On the ninth of May, 1848, Judge Cox was married to Miss Mary A., daughter of Benjamin R. Curtis, of Richmond, Virginia. They have had nine children, of whom six are still living. Three of his sons are graduates of the Cincinnati law school and engaged in the practice of the law—Walter T., Benjamin H., and Joseph, jr.; another, Samuel C., is well known in the book-trade. \ HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 431 B. H. COX. Benjamin Hiram Cox, lawyer, is the second son of Judge Joseph Cox, and was born in Storrs township (now Cincinnati), Hamilton county, Ohio, March 16, 1851. He received his education at the common and high schools of the township, and in bookkeeping at Gundry's commercial college. He, at a very early age, showed great aptitude for business and was appointed to a position in the county clerk's office, by T. B. Disney, esq., chief clerk. Here he remained through the different successors of the office for nearly ten years, issuing subpanoes and orders for sale for all the courts, and officiating as clerk for one of the rooms of the supreme court. While thus employed he studied law under his father and graduated at the Cincinnati law college, and in 1875 was admitted to the bat and resigned his position in the clerk's office, and began the practice of law in Cincinnati, in partnership with Charles W. Cole, esq. Afterwards they associated with them his younger brother, Joseph Cox, jr., under the name of Cole, Cox & Cox. Previous to this, in 1871 he was elected a member of the school board, from the ninth ward, and selected from that body as a member of the union board of high school directors. In 1878 he was elected a member of council, from the ninth ward, and was appointed chairman of the committee of law and contracts, in which he served for two years with great intelligence and ability. Removing into the twelfth ward about the close of his term, he was unexpectedly nominated, by an overwhelming majority, to represent that ward, and was elected without opposition. Mr. Cox is a fine specimen of our business young men. Of large, powerful physique and commanding presence, he is polite and affable to all, yet firm and tenacious in his views. He is active and energetic in business, has an unbounded faith in the progress and success of everything in Cincinnati, has, perhaps, bought and sold as much real estate in the city as any other young man of his age, and generally knows a bargain when he sees it. The firm of Cole, Cox & Cox has a flourishing business, being counsel for some of the best business men of the city. In addition to this, Benjamin is a master commissioner of the courts, and, being popular with most of the lawyers, is entrusted with the sale of a great deal of property, under orders of court, of which, by his activity and knowledge of the business, and large acquaintance with capitalists, he has been markedly successful in disposing at good prices. In politics he is an ardent Republican and an active worker. His wife is Emma L., daughter of James S. Burdsal, one of the oldest and most prominent druggists of the city. By this marriage he has four children. Joseph Cox, jr., of the law firm of Cole, Cox & Cox, of Cincinnati, and son of the prominent and well-known citizen, Judge Joseph Cox, of Cincinnati, was born January 1 1, 1858, in Storrs township. He received his education in the high schools of Cincinnati, graduating therefrom in 1877. In 1879 he graduated in his law studies in the Cincinnati law school, since which time he has practiced his profession. In September, 1879, he was married to Miss Mary Covington, of Cincinnati, daughter of Mr. S. F. Covington, a leading citizen of that place. His wife died in June, 1880. HON. JOHN F. FOLLETT. The Hon. John Fassett Follett, named after bis maternal great-uncle,-Dr. John Fassett, of Toledo, is a native of Vermont, as were all of his father's family. His father's name was also John F. Follett, likewise a native of Vermont. His grandfather, Eliphalet Follett, great-grandfather of the subject of this memoir, was a pioneer in the Wyoming valley, Pennsylvania, where he owned a very fine farm, but was doomed to lose his life in the massacre of Wyoming, so much celebrated in song and story. A half-brother of this pioneer was attacked in the same affair, stabbed in several places, scalped, and left for dead, but eventually survived and lived to a good old age. After the murder of Eliphalet Follett his widow and children returned to Vermont, whence they had removed to. Wyoming, and spent the rest of their lives there. The oldest of the children, Martin D. Follett, was grandfather of John F. Follett, of Cincinnati. His mother, Sarah(Woodworth) Follett, was also a native of Vermont, where she and the elder Follett were married October 10, 1816. In 1837 they removed to the west, settling first in Licking county, with a family of nine children. Mr. Follett here pursued his lifelong vocation as a farmer, and there died in 1863, the mother following him to the tomb just four weeks afterwards. Eight of the nine children are still living. Hon. John F. Follett, next to the youngest of the family, was born upon the paternal farm in South Rich-ford, Franklin county, Vermont, February 18, 1833. His rudimentary education was received in the- log schoolhouses of Licking county, but when about eighteen years of age he was permitted to leave home and strike out for himself in pursuit of a higher training. He took a preparatory course at the academy in Granville, Licking county, now no longer in existence, and his collegiate curriculum at Marietta college, being graduated therefrom in 1855 with the highest honor, and with the last class going out under the presidency of the Rev. Henry Smith. He had now accumulated a considerable debt, for a young man, in the pursuit of education, but within the short space of two years, by teaching, first in the blind asylum at Columbus, and then in the high school of the same place, he secured an honorable discharge from all his obligations. He then began to read law with his brother, Charles Follett, esq., in Newark, and was there admitted to practice in 1858. He began business in the same place as a lawyer, and remained in Newark for about ten years, when, in September, 1868, he removed to Cincinnati, opened an- office, and in March, 1870, formed a partnership with General H. L. Burnett, ex-Governor Jacob D. Cox also presently joining the firm. Upon the removal of General Burnett to New York, the firm became Cox & Follett, and remained such until the first of January, 1874, when General Cox withdrew. Mr. W. C. Cochrane was afterward received 432 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. into partnership, the firm name and style now being Follett & Cochrane. This firm was dissolved in 1878. Messrs. J. M. Dawson and David M. Hyman have since successively been taken into partnership, and the firm is now Follett, Dawson & Hyman. It enjoys an extensive practice, and ranks high among the legal partnerships of the Queen City. The senior of the firm has often been solicited to become a candidate for judge in one of the courts, but has uniformly declined, preferring to remain in the more lucrative and stirring pursuits of the bar. Mr. Follett is a lifelong and hereditary Democrat. His services to the party were recognized in 1865 in an election from Licking county to the house of representatives in the State legislature. He was reelected at the expiration of his two-years' term, and upon the re-assembling of the house he was chosen speaker by a unanimous vote, taken by acclamation, in the caucus of members of his party—a fact almost, if not quite, without precedent in the legislative history of the State. He was serving in this position with distinguished credit when he decided to remove to Cincinnati, and resigned both it and his membership in the house. Since his removal hither he has declined official position or candidacies, with the single exception of elector-at-large on the Democratic ticket of the State during the Presidential canvas of 1880. He has from time to time been solicited to run for Congress, and at the present writing (April, 1881) is prominently named by his friends as a Democratic candidate for the gubernatorial chair at the fall election. His abilities as a stump speaker are much in request during the more important campaigns, and of late years he has pretty regularly appeared in most parts of the State, as well as in his own city and county. He is regarded as one of the most eloquent men, either upon the hustings or in the forum, that Ohio contains, and his services to his party have been inestimable. His political duties are not permitted, however, seriously to interfere with the careful study and practice of the law, in which he ranks among the very foremost in the able ranks of the bar in the Queen City. He is personally popular, and has abundantly reaped the rewards of diligence and assiduously cultivated talent. Mr. Follett was married, July 12, 1866, to Miss Francis M., daughter of Dr. John Dawson, a professor in the Starling Medical college, of Columbus, where they were married. Her mother was a sister of the late Judge Winans, of Xenia, a former member of Congress, and daughter of Dr. Matthias Winans, of Jamestown, Ohio. Mrs. Follett is still living, and in vigorous health. They have three children—John Dawson, W. W. Dawson (a girl), and Charles, the last one named from his uncle at Newark. In 1879 the scholarship, ability, and public record of Mr. Follett received the handsome recognition from his alma mater at Marietta, of the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. DR. DAVID D. BRAMBLE. David Denman Bramble, M. D., a prominent practitioner in Cincinnati, is a Buckeye and a Hamilton county man "to the manor born," and is, physically and otherwise, a type of the very best class of natives of the great State of the Ohio valley. He was born at the village of Montgomery, in Sycamore township, on the eleventh of December, 1839. His parents were of good old English stock, and were among the first settlers in the Miami Purchase. His boyhood was spent in the pure air of the country. As he grew larger and stronger he engaged in various pursuits of manual labor and humble trade, attending from time to time the rather indifferent public schools of that period, until after he had entered upon his fourteenth year. By an industry, economy and intelligence in business quite remarkable in one so young, he had by this time acquired means enough to enable him to begin a course of study in the Farmers' college, at College Hill. The same traits served to carry him triumphantly through an undergraduate course, and to leave the institution with honor and the prestige of success. He began an independent career at once as teacher of the intermediate school in his native village, from which he was advanced, at the expiration of about a year and a half, to the principalship of the school. He held this post for two years and a half more, when, at the age of twenty, he matriculated as a student at the Ohio Medical college in Cincinnati. He had previously, during a large part of his pedagogic service, been reading medicine under the direction of Dr. William Jones, of Montgomery, with whom he resided. After attendance upon two full courses of lectures, he was graduated from the Ohio Medical college in 1862. His public service and large practice began at once. He was appointed house physician to the old Commercial hospital, then itself almost in articulo mortis, and about to give way to the magnificent structure which now occupies its site, and much more, as is elsewhere related in this history. He served this institution for a single year, and in 1863 opened an office pretty nearly where he now is, at No. 227 Broadway, for the general practice of his profession. All his offices have since been in this neighborhood on the same street. By September, 1867, he had built the handsome residence and office he now occupies at No. 169 Broadway, and moved into it. He was again, about the same time of his beginning private practice, pressed into more public service as district physician for the Thirteenth ward, and in the autumn of the same year was made physician at the pest-house. The latter post he vacated by resignation at the end of three and a half years, presently accepting instead a much more pleasant and, in some respects, profitable position as professor of anatomy in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and also treasurer of the college. In 1872 he was advanced to the office of dean of the institution, and at the same time was transferred to the chair of surgery. In these important capacities he is still serving the college. For some time he was a joint editor and proprietor of the Cincinnati Medical HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 433 News, a monthly organ of the profession of no small reputation and utrlity. He has steadily maintained, withal, a large and growing private practice, in which his success has corresponded to the confidence reposed in-his professional abilities by those who have appointed him to the several public positions he has held. He is a prominent and influential member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical society, and the American Medical association, and is an original member of the American Surgical association, organized in the city of New York last year. Of this young association himself and Dr. W. W. Dawson are the only Cincinnati members. Before one or the other of these societies he has read numerous papers, some of which have been published, and has engaged usefully in various discussions upon medical topics. Dr. Bramble has found time, in the midst of his busy employments, to take Odd Fellowship through all its degrees, to work entirely through the several ranks of the Knights of Pythias, and to proceed in Masonry to and including the thirty-second degree. He is at present master of the Kilwinning lodge No. 356, and is the third in command (second lieutenant) in the Consistory of the Ancient, Accepted Scottish Rite, of which Colonel Enoch T. Carson is commander-in-chief, and Mr. W. B. Wiltse, also of Cincinnati, is first lieutenant. Dr. Bramble was married May 15, 1864, to Miss Celestine, oldest daughter of John Rieck, the well-known farmer and land-owner of Sharonville, Sycamore township. They have three children, all daughters, and all living—Emma Ellen, born October 29, 1867; Jessie May, born March 20, 1870; and Mamie Rieck, born January 17, 1876. DR. A. J. MILES. Abijah J. Miles, M. D., health officer for the city of Cincinnati, is a native Buckeye, born at Troy, Miami county, Ohio, on the thirty-first of March, 1834. His maternal progenitors in this country were of English stock, their arrival upon western shores being contempo raneous with that of William Penn. The family name on that side is Coats. He is of long-lived stock, his grandfather on the mother's side living to the age of ninety-six, and reading by second sight without glasses when about ninety years old, and his paternal grandfather living until near the same age. His father is now in his seventy-sixth year. His mother's maiden name was Sarah Coats, born in Dayton December 18, 1804, when it was but a little hamlet. Her parents had removed from Pennsylvania to South Carolina in the latter part of the last century, but being of the Quaker faith, they conceived a strong abhorrence to the institution of slavery, and again removed, this time to Ohio, passing through Cincinnati when it had less than nine hundred inhabitants, and settling in Dayton when it had made little more than a beginning. His paternal grandfather's family, the Mileses, came at the same time, with many other Quaker families, who formed the celebrated settlements west of Dayton, in Montgomery and Miami counties. William, son of Jonathan Miles, the grandfather, was born in 1806, and married Sarah Coates February 18, 1829. She died, more than fifty years afterwards, upon the same place where she began housekeeping, April 28, 1879. The father is still living. Their fourth child and third son was Abijah, who was born at the old homestead, near Troy, as before noted. His elementary education was received in the country schools of the neighborhood, after which he went to the Troy high school, where he was prepared to enter Antioch college. He was a member of this institution during parts of three years, teaching school in the winter, and getting means to attend the college during the spring and summer terms, during which, by hard labor, he managed to keep up with his classes. He began to read medicine with Dr. George Keifer, in Troy, and pursued the study with Dr. Sigafoose, of West Milton, in the same county, finishing at the Ohio Medical college, in Cincinnati, in 1858-9 and 1862-3, taking his diploma in March, 1863. Meanwhile, in 1861, he had enlisted in the army as hospital steward in the Fortieth regiment of Ohio infantry, then equipping for the field at Camp Chase. With this command he served through the arduous campaign in eastern Kentucky in early January, 1862, during which the victorious battle of Middle Creek was fought by General Garfield's brigade, of which the Fortieth was part. His health was broken down by the hardships of the campaign, and, although offered the post of assistant surgeon upon his graduation subsequently, he had to be permanently discharged from the service, to which he never was able to return, and suffers in health to this day on account of that severe war experience. He accepted, however, directly after graduation, the position of interne, or house physician, in the Commercial (now Cincinnati) hospital, an honor only bestowed upon the most meritorious students of the graduating classes of the college. At the expiration of his year's term he decided to open an office in Loudon, Madison county, Ohio, but in January, 1866, he returned to Cincinnati, on account of the laborious character of the country practice, and after a few months recommenced business. It was now the cholera season, and a favorable time for a young practitioner in the city. He soon commanded a large practice, which has been successfully maintained and increased to this day. Within the last eight years he has developed special talents in the direction of obstetrical and gynecological practice; and since 1873 has joined to numerous other duties those of the professorship of diseases of women and children in the Cincinnati college of medicine and surgery. Upon topics related to this department of practice he has written much and' effectively—as papers before medical societies upon the use of forceps in breech deliveries, in explanation of a new breech forceps devised by him, as also reports of cases of delivery by means of the breech forceps, upon a new vaginal speculum, and many reports in the Medical News, of which he was for some time an associate editor and proprietor. Other medical topics have also been treated by him in essays for publication or for reading before societies, as upon wine of tobacco in tetanus, rotheln, and other 55 434 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. themes. In 1875 he was made a fellow of the obstetrical society of London, England, and is also a member of the Cincinnati Obstetrical society, of which he was elected vice-president in January, 1877, and of the Cincinnati Medical society and the Academy of Medicine, of the same city, and of the State Medical society, in which he was chosen vice-president in 1876. In April, 1880, he was appointed, by a union of Republicans and Democrats in the board of health, to the eminent and responsible position of health officer of Cincinnati, which he now holds, and in which his efficient services, and especially his clear and able reports, are giving him fresh name and fame. In June, 1864, Dr. Miles was married to Mary F., daughter of B. B. and Nancy Stearns, of Cincinnati. His wife died at Mentone, France, in April, 1875, and he was remarried October 11, 1877, to Miss Martha, daughter of Aaron A. Colter, esq., of the same city. They have no children. Dr. and Mrs. Miles are members of the Trinity Methodist Episcopal church, on Ninth street, in Cincinnati. DR. J. W. UNDERHILL. Joshua Whittington Underhill, M. D., a leading practitioner and public-spirited citizen of Cincinnati, is a native of Maryland, born January 11, 1837, in the settlement known as "Quindocque," near Kingston, Somerset county. He is the son of Thomas H. and Eleanor (Whittington) Underhill, and grandson of Thomas Henry Underhill, a sea-captain resident at Snow Hill, Maryland, where he died at the age of eighty-two years. His paternal grandmother's maiden name was Leah Powell; she was from Worcester county, in the same State. Both the Underhill and Whittington families are of English stock, their ancestors immigrating to the colonies long before the Revolution. The latter is a very numerous family, more inhabitants of the eastern shore of Maryland bearing its name than any other patronymic. The younger Thomas H., father of the subject of this memoir, had one brother, William, who lived and died in Merumsco, on the eastern shore; also two sisters, who were married and reside, respectively, in Snow Hill and Baltimore. He and his wife were both young when married, in 1835, and shortly after the birth of their son Joshua set out for Missouri, then almost a terra incognita in the illimitable west. In the absence of railways, the Alleghanies were crossed in an emigrant wagon, which made a halt with the little family at the village of Hendrysburgh, in Belmont county, Ohio. This region was still half wilderness, but presented so inviting an aspect to the young couple that they concluded to settle then and there. In 184o a second child was born, who received the name of Henry Thomas. It lived but a few weeks, however, and soon afterwards the mother died, at the age of twenty-three, when Joshua was but three years old. He was kindly cared for by a childless family, and given as good an education as the country schools of Ohio afforded at the time. His father remarried and shipped for South America about 1856, where he is supposed to have died, as he was never heard from afterwards. Joshua was reared on a farm in Kirkwood township, Belmont county, and early became inured to the severest toil, but by attendance at school about fifty days every winter, gained sufficient knowledge to teach the elementary branches. By teaching he made money enough to take him half through his junior year at college, when he entered upon the study of medicine, continuing to teach from time to time to secure funds for his course. He read at first with Dr. J. T. McPherson, a prominent physician, now of Cambridge, Ohio, and completed his studies at the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery. After many hindrances, he began practice at Burnettsville, White county, Indiana, early in the summer of 1861. But, much as he was pleased with the novelty surrounding a juvenile Esculapian, he could not resist the demand which the country was, then making for help in the hour of her peril, and accordingly abandoned a rapidly-growing practice to enter the army. He enlisted as a private in company E, Forty-sixth regiment, Indiana volunteers, but was offered a position in the line where promotion promised to be rapid. He preferred, however, to remain a private until the way was opened for promotion in the medical department. He had to wait for this but nine days, when he was appointed hospital steward. A few -months subsequently he was commissioned assistant surgeon, and eventually was made surgeon of his regiment, which commission he held until the muster-out in the autumn of 1865, just four years from the time of entering service. His regiment entered the field in December, 1861, in Kentucky, under General Nelson, but was shortly afterward transferred to General Pope's command in southeastern Missouri. He was present at the capture of New Madrid, at the bagging of five thousand of the enemy at Tiptonville, West Tennessee. Descending the Mississippi river, then, his regiment, with one other, constituted a convoy to the gun-boat flotilla. He was present at the capture of Memphis, June 6, 1862, which the regiment garrisoned for a few days; then, convoying a part of the gun-boat fleet, it continued to roam up and down that part of the Mississippi river within the Federal lines, and also upon many of its tributaries. Much of the summer of 1862 was passed in clearing the White river of Confederate batteries, and at St. Charles, oh that river, the regiment had a sharp engagement with the enemy June 17, 1862. It landed and attacked the rebel forces in the rear, while several gun-boats, including the Mound City, bombarded their batteries from the river. A plunging shot from a sixty-four-pound gun penetrated the ill-fated Mound City, and, cutting the connecting pipe, every part of that vessel was instantly filled with hot steam, which scalded to death six-sevenths of the entire crew of one hundred and seventy-five men. No more sickening, heart-rending Sight did Surgeon Underhill witness during his four years' service. His command continued to serve on various expeditions through Arkansas and the Yazoo country till Grant, in the spring of 1863, organized his movement against Vicksburgh. His command left for the rear of that stronghold early in April, and participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion Hills, and, indeed, in nearly all HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 435 the engagements that finally culminated in its capture. Afterwards he was with Sherman's army in their siege and capture of Jackson, Mississippi. Next his regiment was transferred to the department of the Gulf, where, under General Banks, it made incursions through different parts of Louisiana, and was with him in his ill-starred Red River expedition. It was in the engagement near Mansfield, Louisiana, where the Federals suffered disastrous defeat, and continued with the army on its retreat to Pleasant Hill, where another battle was fought. Dr. Underhill was in all the contests fought by his command, including those of Carrion Crow Bayou and Cane River, and numerous skirmishes. He is now an active member of the Cincinnati army and navy officers' society. At the termination of the war he went to New York city, where he attended a post-graduate course of lectures at the Bellevue hospital medical college, taking also private instructions with Professors Austin Flint and Frank Hastings Hamilton. He received the ad eundem degree from that institution, and in May, 1866, settled in Cincinnati, where he has since resided, and continues to practice his profession. At first he devoted himself to no specialty, but has of late given attention more particularly to obstetrics and diseases of women, although still doing general practice. Since coming here he has been active in the profession, and has built up a large and highly successful practice. During the same season of his arrival in this city he was appointed demonstrator of anatomy in his alma mater, the Cincinnati college of medicine and surgery, a position which he resigned two years later. In 1872 he was appointed lecturer on medical jurisprudence in the same institution, which place he held for seven years, when he exchanged it for the professorship of materia medica and therapeutics. The latter he gave up for the chair of obstetrics, which he has filled since his appointment thereto in the spring of 1880. He was also one of the medical staff of the Cincinnati hospital appointed in the spring of 1875, but resigned after little more than one year's service. He has been the medical adviser of several life insurance companies, and still serves three companies in that capacity. He is also a member of the American Medical association, of the Ohio State Medical society, the Cincinnati academy of medicine, and the Obstetrical Society of Cincinnati, and is a fellow of the American Gynecological society. Of the Cincinnati Obstetrical society he was one of the founders, was two years its secretary and one year its president. Not only in the practical duties of his profession has he been an active worker, but he has not neglected its literary side, as is shown by the following partial list of his contributions to medical science: Analysis of fifty-four cases of scarlet fever (twenty-two pages), Cincinnati Medical News, June, 1874. Puerperal Septicemia; including a report of two cases. First published in the Cincinnati Medical News in 1876, November and December, and April, 1877. Subsequently a brochure of forty-four pages. Relative sterility, (American Journal of Obstetrics), July, 1877. Observations on pseudocyesis, and on pregnancy in its relation to capital punishment; page 18, American Journal of Obstetrics, January, 1878. Relation of medicine to law; an address to the graduating class of Cincinnati college of medicine and surgery, delivered at Pike's opera house, February 23, 1878, Cincinnati Medical News, March, 1878. Remarks on post mortem caesarian section, American Journal of Obstetrics, July, 1878. Subnitrate of bismuth contaminated with arsenic; general remarks .on the jurisprudence of pharmacy. (Cincinnati Lancet and Clinic, September 28, 1878). The female generative organs in their medico-legal relations; read before the Obstetrical society of Cincinnati, November, 1878, and published in the American Journal of Obstetrics, for January, 1879 (twenty pages). The hydatidiform mole; its causes, symptoms, medico-legal relations, etc. (read before the academy of medicine and published in the Obstetric Gazette, January, 1879, twenty pages). Report of a case of hydatidiform mole, also report of a case of carneous mole (American Journal of Obstetrics, 1879). A case of cerebral embolism, occurring in the puerperal state, and closing remarks (in debate) concerning the case (American Journal Obstetrics, October, 1879). Impotence, as applied to the male ; read before Cincinnati academy of medicine, April, 1880. Remarks on puerperal eclampsia, with report of two cases (Obstetric Gazette, April, 1880). A case of anencephalic foetus (Obstetric Gazette, May, 1880). Valedictory address to the Obstetrical society of Cincinnati, when retiring from the presidency of that society; pages fifteen, 1880. Besides the above, he has published reports of numerous cases, and fugitive articles in places now forgotten, and has read before societies many articles that were never given to the medical press. He has a taste for medical writing and would have written more were it not for the engrossing cares of the busy practitioner. Al-he has mixed somewhat in political life, he has never done so to the injury of his professional obligations, is temperate in all his habits, and lives as regular a life as the exacting duties of his profession will allow. Dr. Underhill has always taken an intelligent interest in public affairs, believing that it is the duty of the citizen, when called upon, to serve fhe Government in civil as well as military affairs. Hence he has never refused to do duty when summoned to serve the State in any capacity, and has served it as faithfully in politics as in war. An ardent Republican, he has lent his voice often to the councils of the party. In the fall of 1870 he was elected coroner of Hamilton county, and served through his term of two years. In April, 1876, he was chosen from his ward a member of the board of education of Cincinnati, for two years, and was reelected in 1878, and in 1880, the law having been altered so as to provide for twelve members to be chosen at large to that body, he was nominated and elected for the long term (three years), receiving the second highest majority of the twelve elected. He was chosen president of the board at its annual organization in April, 1880, and again in 1881. He is also in that body one of the board of examiners for teachers. Like most professional men, Dr. Underhill married rather late in life. At the age of thirty-seven he 436 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. was united to Miss Lida E. McPherson, of Cambridge, Ohio, eldest daughter of his first medical preceptor, and a lady in every way well worthy of his companionship. She is a graduate of the famous female seminary at Troy, New York, formerly taught by Miss Emma Willard. They have had three children, one of whom, Mary, a most interesting and intelligent little girl of six years, died after a distressing illness, April 15, 1881. The Daily Enquirer of the next morning said of this event: Thus has one of the brightest, most beautiful of lives closed—a life, brief as it was, that gave evidence of happy promise and a character supernaturally lovely. She was remarkably precocious, and her intellectual development was at the expense of her frail form. Everyone who saw her was impressed with the radiant loveliness of her features and her gentle, thoughtful disposition, and the blighting of this fair bud of promise will be deplored by all who knew her, while her parents have received a cruel blow from which they will never recover. Both Dr. and Mrs. Underhill are active and faithful members of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal church in this city. WILLIAM BRAMWELL DAVIS, M. D. Doctor Davis' ancestors were natives of Wales. His paternal grandfather was a sea-faring man, and was lost, together with his ship, during a severe gale, in mid-ocean. His maternal grandfather, Rev. John Jones, of Cardiganshire, was a devout minister of the Calvinistic Methodist church. In the spring of 1818, he joined a party of neighbors, and with his family emigrated to America. After a tempestuous voyage of over six weeks, they landed at Alexandria, Virginia, and were received by the citizens with courtesy and hospitality. This was the first party of British immigrants that landed at this port since the war with the mother country; and so significant was the event considered, that President Monroe and his cabinet went down from Washington to receive and welcome them to the land of their adoption. As their destination, was Ohio, they purchased wagons and horses to convey their household goods across the mountains to Pittsburgh; and the entire party, men, women and children, followed on foot, camping out at night. At Pittsburgh they transferred their goods to a flat-boat, and began the descent of the Ohio. It was July, and during their long exposure on the river, the excessive heat and a change in their food affected them unfavorably, and many of the party were prostrate with dysentery. When the boat reached Cincinnati, the citizens, fearing that the sickness was contagious, were reluctant to admit the afflicted party to either the private homes or the public houses of the city. In their distress Nicholas Longworth threw open a house near his own home, and with the assistance of Samuel W. Davies, afterwards mayor of the city, and Mr. Wade, carried all of the sick to it, and personally ministered to their necessities. Here Mr. Jones died. The name of Nicholas Longworth was ever afterwards cherished in the memory of their family, and always mentioned with the warmest gratitude. Among these adventurers were Mr. William Davis and Miss Ann Jones, the father and mother of the doc tor. Mr. Davis was born in 1793, and was brought up within nine miles of the village of Llanbadarn, Cardiganshire. Miss Jones was born in that place in 1797, and at the time of her family's emigration to America, was in the bloom of health and beauty. On the voyage thither Mr. Davis first made the acquaintance of Miss Jones and subsequently won her affections, and the twain became one. Accustomed to agricultural life, the young couple sought a home on a farm in a Welsh settlement, with an Irish name," Paddy's Run," in Butler county, Ohio. In this country home were born four of their children, John, Mary, Timothy, and Margaret. John is now a leading physician in Cincinnati; Mary became the wife of Professor William G. Williams, of the Ohio Wesleyan University; Timothy is in the United States revenue service, in Cincinnati; and Margaret became the wife of the late Rev. Erwin House, of this city. After five or six years of farm life, Mr. Davis removed his family to Cincinnati, to engage in his business as a builder. Here William Bramwell, the subject of this sketch, the youngest of the family, was born July a2, 1832. All the above-named children are still living, except Mary, who died in 1872. Mr. Davis was noted for truthfulness and uprightness in all his dealings, and for a conscientious observance of the duties that he owed to others. He lived to be about fifty-six years of age, and died of apoplexy in the year 1849. Mrs. Davis was a woman of unusually strong character, which she has transmitted to her children. In early life she became a member of the church of her parents, the. Calvinistic Methodist; but after her removal to Cincinnati, she joined the Methodist Episcopal church, and in communion with this lived a devoted Christian life until past eighty-two years of age, and died in 1880, in the assurance of a blessed resurrection. Doctor Davis was educated, first at Woodward college in this city, and afterward at the Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio. At the latter institution he graduated. B. A., in 1852, and M. A. in 1855. His alma mater was then just beginning its successful career. His name stands thirty-sixth in the triennial roll of the alumni, which now numbers about thirteen hundred. Of this large body Dr. Davis was president for some years, until his professional duties prevented his attendance at college commencement. He was prepared in the office of his brother, John Davis, for his professional course in medicine, and graduated M. D. at the Miami Medical college in 1855, and at the Ohio medical college ad eundem, 1858. Doctor Davis at once took high rank in his profession, and his life, since that time, has been alike honorable to himself and beneficial to the community in which he dwells. Besides his large and successful medical practice, he has been prominently and influentially connected with many of the most important interests of the city. When only twenty-three years of age, he was elected as a member of the Cincinnati board of education, in which office he has served, at different times, full ten years. Doctor Davis has always felt especial interest in the public schools of the city, and, as a member of HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 437 the board, has given years of earnest thought and patient labor for their advancement. He was an uncompromising opponent of every form of corruption and immorality in official places. During his last term of office in the board of education, his fearless assaults upon the irregularities of certain members and their corrupting influence upon the schools, called the attention of the public to the organization of the board and led to legislative action, which partially removed the selection of members of the board from the influence of ward politics. While he was connected with the school-board he helped, in company with Rufus King, Dr. Comegys and some others, to organize the public library of Cincinnati; and he was largely instrumental in having the magnificent building, which the library now occupies, erected. For several terms he was a member of the board of managers of the library, and was chairman of the library committee. At the organization of the university of Cincinnati, Dr. Davis took great interest in the movement and was elected a member of the first board of directors. Previous to the war of the Rebellion, Dr. Davis' interest in the cause of human rights led him to engage in politics. With Rutherford B. Hayes, Judge Hoadly, Fred Hassaurek and others, he took an active part in organizing the Republican party in Cincinnati. In 1856 he suffered himself to be put in nomination for the State legislature, but the inveterate Calhoun-Yancey doctrine was yet more potent than the youthful Republicanism, and he, together with the whole ticket, was defeated. After the party became well organized, he withdrew from an active participation in its counsels, and, with the exception of the interest which he has always taken in the educational affairs of the city, he has devoted himself to the study and practice of his profession. After the battle of Shiloh, in 1862, Dr. Davis was one of the surgeons appointed by the War department to go in command of a number of steamers to Pittsburgh Landing, and bring the wounded to the hospitals at Cincinnati. In this service, and subsequently in charge of one of the hospitals, Dr. Davis rendered effective aid, not only to the suffering, but to the great cause which all patriots had at heart. Later on in the war he was called into active service in the field, and through the trying summer of 1864 was surgeon of Colonel Harris' Cincinnati regiment, the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Ohio volunteer infantry. After the war, Dr. Davis continued in the practice of his profession until 1871. His health having failed in consequence of labor and exposure, he went to Europe for a year, to recuperate his strength and to visit the principal centres of the continent. His visit was to have been one of relaxation and pleasure, but upon the speedy and permanent recovery of his health, he devoted his time to study and work. He wrote much for American journals, especially the Cincinnati Gazette. His letters were not compilations from the guide-books, but were the results of his own observations and inquiries, and were noted for their originality and suggestive- ness. After his return to America he threw some of his observations and reflections into the form of lectures, which he delivered to many audiences. In the year 1873 he was elected professor of materia medica and therapeutics in the Miami Medical college, which chair he still occupies. In connection with his profession, he has been a trustee of the Cincinnati hospital, and is a member of the Cincinnati Medical society, of which he was president in 1877-8; of the Cincinnati academy of medicine; of the Ohio State Medical society, and of the American Medical association. Of all these boards and associations he has been a working member, and has written many papers on medical subjects for each. An earnest student, he has not only kept abreast the literature of his profession, but by his own discoveries and writings he has extended the borders of medical science. These contributions to medical literature are published either in the volumes of the proceedings of the several medical societies, or in medical journals. Of such papers prepared by Dr. Davis we name the following, some of which give the results of many years of study and observation, and are regarded as the last words of medical science upon the points discussed : 1. Carbolic Acid: Its Surgical and Therapeutical Uses. A paper read before the Academy of Medicine, June, 1869. 2. Report on Vaccination. Ohio State Medical society, June, 1870. 3. Influence of Consumption on Life Insurance. Ohio State Medical society, 1875. 4. Observations on Re-vaccination. Cincinnati Medical society, December, 1875. 5. Statistics of the Medical Profession of Cincinnati for Twenty-five years. A valedictory address before the Miami Medical college, March, 1876. 6. Vaccino-syphilis and Animal Vaccine. Ohio State Medical society, June, 1876. 7. The Alleged Antagonism of Opium and Belladonna. Cincinnati Medical society, January, 1879. 8. Intestinal Obstruction; with reports of six cases; Cincinnati Medical society, January, 1880. 9. Progress of Therapeutics. Ohio Medical society, 1881. Such is a brief outline of the life of the subject of this sketch. Dr. Davis is a man of fine personal appearance, which fitly represents his symmetrical intellectual and moral character. With strong convictions, a perfect command of his resources, with an absolute devotion to the truth and a fluent and vigorous style, he exerts a commanding influence in every deliberative body of which he may be a member. Intolerant equally towards shams and towards frauds, and not infrequently thrown into antagonism with them, he has sometimes been thought severe ; but his severity is reserved for those only whom he believes corrupt. To all others, whether friends or opponents, his courtesy is unfailing. In professional intercourse, in social life, in the families of his patients, he attracts every one by his urbanity and cheerfulness. Fond of society, of art, of literature, of 438 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. the amenities of home life, he is never too busy to give an evening to friends, to converse, or to innocent divertissements. He has for many years been an active member of one of the Queen City's selectest literary and social clubs, the "Utile cum Dulci," and is rarely absent from its meetings. This is an association for adults, and enrolls some of the most cultivated people of the western Athens. But not unmindful of the claims of his younger friends, Dr. Davis assisted in founding, in the congregation of the Trinity Methodist church, on Ninth street, a similar organization, the popular "Clark institute," of which he has been president, and which has had much to do with the growth and prosperity of that church. Dr. Davis has for many years been a communicant in this church, and since 1878 has been superintendent of the Sunday-school connected with it. Dr. Davis was married in April, 1860, to Miss Fannie R. Clark, daughter of the late Rev. Davis W. Clark, D. D., one of the bishops of the Methodist Episcopal church. They have two sons and have lost one daughter. Mrs. Davis has been a true "help-meet for him," and in full sympathy with him in all his professional, literary and aesthetic pursuits, and in his religious life and associations in the church of which they are both beloved and honored members. DR. JAMES H. BUCKNER. James Henry Buckner, M. D., is a descendant of one of three brothers who came from England nearly half a century prior to the Revolution, and settled, respectively, in Virginia, New York, and Mississippi. From Thomas, born May 13, 1728, the settler in the Old Dominion, in what is now. Caroline county, Dr. Buckner is descended in the fourth generation. He was a very wealthy Englishman, and in due time his descendants shared in the benefits of his fortune. The son of Thomas Buckner, and grandfather of the doctor, was Harry, who was born December- 17, 1766, and removed to Kentucky some years after his marriage, settling in Fayette county, on the road between Lexington and Winchester, about twelve miles from the latter place. He died in Kentucky in February, 1822. Another of the sons removed to that State, and became the ancestor of the confederate general, Simon Bolivar Buckner, and other distinguished Kentuckians. The fourth son of Harry Buckner, Harry M., was born before the family left Virginia, but accompanied it to Kentucky. He was married in the year 1827 to Miss Etheline Elizabeth, daughter of Captain Jack Conn, a noted man in the history of Kentucky, a hero of the War of 1812, who is accredited by many as the slayer of Tecumseh at the battle of the Thames, a soldier and pioneer of extraordinary bravery, integrity, and determination of character, and a thorough gentleman of the old school. Mr. Buckner's first business activity was as a clerk in the store of his brother John, at Georgetown, but he presently undertook business for himself as a tobacco merchant at Burlington, in Boone county. He afterwards moved to. Cincinnati, and formed a partnership with Philip Dunseth in general merchandising, which was drssolved after the lapse of two or three years, when Mr. Buckner returned to Burlington and recommenced business as a tobacco manufacturer in connection with storekeeping. He was afterwards a resident of Covington, and then removed to the adjacent country, where he lived, but at the same time was head of the firm of Buckner,- Hall & Co., of Cincinnati, in the wholesale grocery business, but took no active part in its transactions. About thirty years before his death, which occurred near the first of July, 1876, he retired from active business and spent his last years in tranquil ease at Edge-wood, his country seat, about seven miles south of Covington. He was in his eighty-first year when he died. His wife is still living upon the same place, at the age of sixty-nine, but in a hale and happy old age. James Henry Buckner was born in Burlington, Boone county, Kentucky, November 25, 1836. His father removed to Covington when James was two years old. He became a member of the public schools of that place, and when but eight or nine years of age entered as a student the preparatory department of Cincinnati college. He went, however, with the family to the Edge-wood farm in 1847, and there remained until about seven years thereafter, when he entered Centre college, at Danville, and after some further preparation under the tutorship of Professor De Soto, present professor of languages in that institution, he went to the academies at Exeter, New Hampshire, and Groton, Massachusetts, completing his preparation, and then matriculated at Dartmouth college, where he took a special and partial course. He was contemporary at Dartmouth with ex-Governor Edward F. Noyes, present United States minister to France, and his room-mate was Colonel Nicholas Smith, of Shelbyville, Kentucky, son-in-law of Horace Greeley, and minister to Greece under the late President Johnson. Leaving college in the spring of 1857, he returned home and began the study of medicine with Dr. Evans, then a prominent practitioner in Covington. He soon, however, removed to Cincinnati, and continued his professional readings with Dr. L. M. Lawson and Dr. W. T. Taliaferro, partners, to the latter of whom Dr. Buckner was afterwards son-in-law and partner. He entered the ,Ohio Medical college in 1858, taking full courses of lectures and graduating in 1861. He then formed a partnership with Dr. Taliaferro, who had dissolved with Dr. Lawson a few months before. In October Dr. Buckner formed an acquaintance with Captain (afterwards Commodore) Winslow, of the United States navy, then of the gun-boat service, but afterwards commander of the Kearsarge, in response to whose challenge Semmes suffered the defeat and loss of the Alabama. Winslow, in 1861, was recruiting for the fresh water navy, and at his urgency Dr. Buckner accepted a position as acting surgeon for the examination of such recruits. After some service in this capacity in Cincinnati and Cleveland, he was assigned to duty on the gunboat Cairo, by special request of Captain Winslow, whose vessel it was. At the fall of Fort Donelson, this was among the first gun-boats to reach Nashville and virtual- HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 439 ly capture the place, as the rebels had abandoned it and the Federal forces had not yet come up. Returning to Cairo and descending the Mississippi the gun-boat was engaged in the reduction of the rebel fort beyond Plum Point. Dr. Buckner had meanwhile become seriously ill of one of the chronic diseases of the service, and his wife also being sick at home, his resignation was thus compelled, and he returned to Cincinnati. He retained an unpleasant souvenir of the war for a number of years in a deafness of the right ear, caused by the near explosion of a bomb, until it was relieved by the celebrated aurist, Dr. Politzer, of Vienna, in the winter of 1873. His hearing has since been almost or quite as good as ever. During his naval service, just before Dr. Buckner was assigned to duty in Cleveland, he was married, October 17, 1861, to Miss Jane Olivia Ramsey, stepdaughter of his partner, Dr. Taliaferro. As soon as his health permitted after his resignation, he resumed business with his father-in-law, who was growing old and had a somewhat burdensome practice upon his hands. He continued for about a year after his return to serve the Government as an examiner of recruits for the naval service. The partnership with Dr. Taliaferro ceased only with the death of the latter, in 1871. His name is still up in the, old office, at the northwest corner of Otto and Walnut streets, which Dr. Buckner has occupied as student and practitioner for more than twenty-one years. Since the death of his partner, Dr. Buckner has remained alone in the practice of his profession. In the winter of 1862-3 he was made demonstrator of anatomy in the Ohio Medical college, and was afterwards, in 1866-7, professor of physiology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery. After the death of Dr. Taliaferro, Dr. Buckner succeeded to his chair of ophthalmology and otology in the same institution. About the same time he was appointed lecturer on the staff of the Good Samaritan hospital in Cincinnati., where he again addressed the students of the Ohio Medical college. He resigned his several positions in the fall of 1872, in order to take a foreign tour, during which he visited the principal capitals of Europe and took a special course of studies in the eye and ear at Vienna. After a tour through Italy he returned, via England and Ireland, to America. He then resumed his place in the hospital, and was subsequently elected to the staff of St. Mary's hospital, in special charge of ocular and aural diseases. In 1878 he was elected president of the Academy of Medicine, of Cincinnati, one of the most honorable positions to which a. practitioner can aspire. He is also a prominent member of the American Medical association, and of the State Medical society; is connected with the Free Masons, and with the Natural History society of Cincinnati. He has contributed to the literature of his profession a number of valuable articles upon diseases of the eye, ear, and throat, upon surgery, and upon chloroform—most of these being papers read before the State Medical society and afterwards published. Dr. Buckner has two children, both sons—William Thornton Taliaferro (named from his maternal grandfather), born April 19, 1863; and Henry Alexander, born August, 1866. DR. C. S. MUSCROFT. Charles Sidney Muscroft, M. D., long one of the foremost surgeons of the Ohio valley, is a native of Sheffield, England, born in that part of the city then known as "Little Sheffield," on the fourteenth of February, 1820. His parents were George and Hannah (Chapman) Muscroft. The father was one of the successful manufacturing cutlers in the renowned city of cutlery ; but, upon removal to America in 1822, he became rather a jobber in the business. He came to this country against the prohibition of the British Government, which was opposed to the emigration of its skilled workmen; but, departing ostensibly for settlement in Holland, he was enabled to get thence to the new world without difficulty. Landing at Baltimore, his sympathies determined him to join the community experiment being made by Robert Owen at New Harmony, Indiana, and he transported his family and effects in wagons to Brownsville, thence by river vessel to Cincinnati, where he was persuaded by several gentlemen to stay his journey and settle in the rising young city. He was a man of superior intelligence and mechanical genius, a public-spirited citizen, and a very useful member of society and business circles in Cincinnati in the early day. He lived here continuously from the fall of 1825, until April 23, 1845, the birthday of Shakspere (as also Mr. Muscroft), when he died, being then in his fifty-ninth year. He was at the time about to make a new and very notable venture here, in the manufacture of malleable iron, and his death, for this and other reasons, was justly regarded as a public calamity. He was a leading member and founder of the Ohio Mechanics' institute, and had sometimes lectured before that and other scientific bodies in the city on technical and other topics with which he was familiar; and upon his death a fitting series of resolutions was adopted by the institute, sent to his family, and published in the city papers. Charles Sidney was the youngest member of the family who lived beyond the period of infancy. He was trained in the private school of the Neifs, in Cincinnati, then the famous academy of Professor Milo G. Williams, and finally the yet more famous academy of Alexander and William Kinmont. For two or three years he assisted his father in mechanical operations, and then, at the age of nineteen, began to read medicine with Dr. Charles L. Avery, son of John L. Avery, formerly sheriff of the county. He also matriculated at the Ohio Medical college, took three full courses of lectures, and was graduated with the diploma of M. D. on the first of March, 1843. The young doctor began practice at once and alone, and has since continuously practiced in the city of his childhood and youth, and always without a partner. For about twelve years he was engaged in general practice, but near the year 1855 began to turn his attention especially to surgery, in which his chief reputation has been attained. He has since been called to 440 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. perform most of the grand operations known to surgical science. He has frequently and successfully accomplished the exsection of bones, in one or two cases the removal of all, or very nearly all, the entire fibula. His operation for the removal of the entire ulna is noticed with interest in Dr. Gross' work on the Centennial History of Surgery in America, published in 1876, in which only the names of Drs. Muscroft, R. D. Mussey, and George C. Blackman are mentioned among Cincinnati surgeons. He has devised a new method in the treatment of fractures, discarding the use of splints, and relying solely upon pillows and sand-bags—a method which in his practice has been most eminently successful, and has commended itself extensively to other surgeons. He has also made important contributions to the literature of the profession, as in two papers on the use of sulphate of iron as a local remedy, read respectively before the Ohio medical society and the Academy of Medicine, and others on the exsection of the ulna, descriptive of the case mentioned in the Centennial History by Dr. Gross, the treatment of Asiatic Cholera, the Osteo-sarcoma of the Superior Maxilla, two on the Prevention of Syphilis, etc., etc. As chairman of a committee of the Academy of Medicine, to prepare an obituary notice of Dr. George A. Blackman, after his death in 1875, he wrote a sketch of the life and services of the distinguished dead, which was afterwards used bodily in the report of the transactions of the American Medical association, and without any credit whatever to its author. For many years Dr. Muscroft was on the medical staff of the Cincinnati hospital. He has maintained a general practice in medicine with reputation and success, and is an active member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical society, and of the American Medical association. He was the first health officer and actuary of the board of health of the city of Cincinnati, in the cholera year of 1849; was for a time surgeon of St. John's hospital, in the city; and during the war was first surgeon of the Tenth Ohio infantry, then, successively, brigade surgeon, medical director, and inspector of hospitals, for certain purposes. He thus had large opportunity for public usefulness—opportunity which was well used for his own reputation and for the benefit of the community and nation. Dr. Muscroft was united in marriage February 14, 1850, the thirtieth anniversary of his birthday, to Miss Harriet, daughter of Thomas Palmer, one of the founders of the Cincinnati Daily Gazette. They have had five children, only one of whom is living—Dr. Charles S. Muscroft, jr., a promising young physician, who is associated with his father upon the medical staff of St. Mary's hospital. Mrs. Muscroft is still living, a worthy helpmate of her honored husband. Dr. Muscroft is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was one of the founders of the Cuvier club, and otherwise takes a healthy interest in the welfare of his fellows. He was formerly an old-line Whig, but since 1850 has been affiliated with the Democratic party. CYRUS D. FISHBURN, M. D., of Cincinnati, Ohio, is a native of Pennsylvania; born in Hummelstown, Dauphin county, October 27, 1832. John Philip Fishburn, his great-grandfather, emigrated from Germany to this country in 1749. His son, Philip Fishburn, was a successful farmer of colonial times, and during the war of the Revolution was a soldier. He also served in the War of 1812. He reared a large family, of which Jonas was the father of the subject of this sketch. Jonas Fishburn's family consisted of four children—Isaac, the oldest son, now practising as a physician in Stephenson county, Illinois; Cyrus D., Amanda and George. The last named was a stock-raiser and farmer near Portland, Oregon. He died at the age of thirty-seven, from a stroke of paralysis, in August, 1880. Jonas Fish burn removed to Iowa in 1856 and engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, which occurred in 1877, at the age of seventy-four years. He was a man who appreciated the worth of an education, and before coming west had removed his family to the village of. Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, for the purpose of educating his children. Cyrus D. Fishburn remained there at school until fifteen years of age, when he went to Phillips academy, Andover, Massachusetts, and began a preparatory course for Harvard or Yale ; but financial embarrassment in the family now, materially changed all his future plans. The father proposed a medical career; but the son had inclinations for law, and we judge his keensightedness had forseen a brilliant future, that would undoubtedly have awaited him had he chosen that profession; but obeying the wish of his parent, he entered the office of Dr. William Moore, of Womelsdorf, an intelligent and finely educated physician who had an extensive practice. He, here, thoroughly prepared himself for entering a medical college. While a student he was obliged to assume the responsibilities of a large practice, in consequence of a serious accident which happened to his preceptor. The responsibilities resting upon him were undesirable for one so young in the profession, but in the end were very advantageous. He graduated in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, in the year 1854. After remaining one year with his preceptor he located in Elizabethtown, Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where he remained two years more. Being impressed with the brilliant prospects of the west, he prepared himself with excellent letters of introduction and travelled through the States of Michigan and Iowa in search of a location. The doctor having more energy than money kept up the search. One incident should be recorded as it did much to develop the power of the man and lead him to the prominent success he afterwards attained. He was determined to earn his living even if he had to resort to manual labor; and was almost led to this straitened state of circumstances when he was introduced to the late Dr. Pitcher, of Detroit, an eminent physician, and president at that time of the National. Medical association. He was introduced as a young man of some worth in the profession looking for a new home; when HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 441 the old gentleman dryly remarked, "If he only don't look for one already made." The remark was painfully true. He had indeed been looking for just such a place, and probably his steps thither had been hastened for its accomplishment. Such a greeting, so chilling and unexpected, served to arouse his native energies and he thereafter sought no partnership unless he was sure that he could contribute his full share to the success of the association. Leaving Detroit he arrived in Cleveland, Ohio, but after staying one month he departed for Cincinnati. The idea that hard work, well directed, is sure to win, began to appear to be untrue. He arrived in Cincinnati in 1858 with but ten dollars in his pocket. He at once formed a temporary partnership with an old acquaintance, Dr. Peter Malone, and began practice on Broadway near Third street; but being too far away from his German patrons he removed to Vine near Court street, into an office recently occupied by the late Dr. George Fries, a distinguished physician and surgeon, and one who did much to assist the willing efforts of his younger colleague. He received much encouragement from this kind gentleman, and a lasting friendship sprung up between them. From this time his practice grew rapidly and became extensive, and he is now recognized by the citizens of Cincinnati and vicinity as being eminently successful in his profession. He removed to the corner of Vine street and McMicken avenue, then called Hamilton road, in 1860. In 1874 he built his present commodious house, No. 7o McMicken avenue, in which he has since resided. In 1866 he married Miss Louise Billiods, daughter of one of the earliest pioneers of Cincinnati. In 1878 she died, leaving a son. Her affectionate nature, gentle ways, and love of home, combined with her excellent judgment, made her a model wife, her home a paradise, and life a constant happiness. Dr. Fishburn is known by the citizens of Cincinnati and by the profession to be an indefatigable worker. His efforts to attain success are worthy of imitation by those who wish to be prepared for the responsibilities of an extensive practice; for no doubt his success in life is due to the energy he has displayed in overcoming all obstacles that blocked his way. He has been twice elected and is now one of the directors of the University of Cincinnati, The doctor was, unsolicited, elected in 1873 a member of the board of alderman of the city. He is, at the present writing, in the prime of life and vigor of manhood, and actively engaged in his professional duties. His untiring zeal in private and public life has made him a valuable citizen, and has added materially to the welfare and prosperity of his adopted city. MILTON THOMPSON CAREY, M. D., born near the town of Hardin, in Shelby county, Ohio, July 22, 1831. The advantages for acquiring an education during his early boyhood were somewhat meagre and limited; but notwithstanding this, at the age of eighteen years his preparatory education was of sufficient character to justify him to enter upon the study of medicine. After three years' pupilage, and shortly before he was of age, he graduated in medicine in the Ohio Medical college, and, as a reward of merit and distinction in the class, after a competitive examination, was appointed resident physician of the Commercial Hospital and Lunatic asylumn. After his term of service expired in this institution he began the general practice of his profession. He received appointment as attending physician to the Venereal and Contagious hospital in 1852-3; was appointed demonstrator of anatomy by the trustees of the Ohio Medical college, which position he occupied until the spring of 1856; and was elected coroner of Hamilton county, Ohio, in the fall of 1857, and served two years. At the breaking out of the war he was examined by the State board of examiners, was appointed and commissioned surgeon Forty-eighth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry November 21,.1861-, and assigned to duty as post surgeon at Camp Dennison, Ohio. After organizing a post hospital and assisting in the organization of several regiments he was ordered into active duty in the field in the spring of 1862, took part in the battle of Pittsburgh Landing, or Shiloh, and was captured on the first day of the battle, April 6th, and remained a prisoner of war until July 2, 1862, at which time he was paroled and returned home. Soon after his arrival at home he was ordered to Camp Chase, Ohio, and assigned to duty as post surgeon, in which capacity he served until October of the same year, at which time he was ordered to join the army at Fort Pickering, Tennessee. He was with with the army at the time of the assault upon Vicksburgh, was likewise a participant in the battle of Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863, and was attacked with camp fever at Young's Point, in consequence of which his health became so impaired that he was compelled to resign his commission and return home. Not content to remain idle in the great struggle in which the government was engaged, as soon as his health was somewhat restored he made application for and received the appointment of acting assistant surgeon, and was assigned to duty as surgeon in Woodward Post hospital in this city, in which capacity he served until the war was well nigh ended. _He was reelected coroner of Hamilton county in 1865 and served two years; was elected to the common council in 1872 and served two years, and was elected by the common council a member of the board of directors of Longview asylum. After serving nearly two terms he was reappointed to that position by the governor of the State. He was elected as a representative of the Twenty-second ward to the board of education in 1880 and 1881, and is now a member of the Cincinnati Relief union, which position he has held many years, likewise member of the board of directors and vice-president of the eleventh district associated charities. As an evidence of his success in his profession there are but few medical men in Cincinnati who have been more successful in a financial point of view than he. He began poor, but by energy, economy and industry his investments yield him a liberal competency aside from the income of his profession. As a medical officer in the army he attained some dis- 442 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. tinction as an operator—see reports on file in the medical department, and circular No. 2, page 23, surgeon-general's office at Washington, D. C. The many tokens of confidence upon the part of his fellow-citizens are highly gratifying to him, and it is but fair to say that every trust has been faithfully and scrupulously discharged. DR. C. O. WRIGHT. Charles Olmsted Wright, M. D., is a native of Columbus, Ohio, born December 26, 1835, oldest child of Dr. Marmaduke Burr Wright and Mrs. Mary L. (Olmsted) Wright. Her father, Philo H. Olmsted, was in his day one of the most prominent men in Central Ohio, and for many years was editor of the State Journal, of that city. The elder Wright was the famous physician of that name, who spent a large part of his professional life in this city, and is appropriately noticed in our chapter on medicine in Cincinnati. He survived until August 15, 1879, when he died here, full of years and honors. Mrs. Wright is still living, in a hale and vigorous age. Charles was but three years old, when the family was removed to Cincinnati by a call to his father to occupy the chair of Materia Medica in the Ohio Medical college. His primary and. in part higher education was taken in the public schools of the city, but stopped when a member of the Hughes high school without graduating, in 1852, with the intention of accompanying his parents to Europe. This intention was abandoned, for the sake of the younger children, who needed his care; and he took instead a special course of one year in the Ohio Wesleyan university at Delaware. Leaving this institution in 1853, he began practice in civil engineering at the tunnel then being constructed under Walnut Hills, as is elsewhere related in this history; but was soon compelled by ill health to seek a more quiet, indoor life. In 1855 he began the study of medicine with Dr. W. W. Dawson, with whom he read for a year, when, under friendly advice, he went to California and engaged in merchandizing there for about six months, during which he had great experience of the rough and tumble side of life. He was presently burnt out, however, losing his entire stock, and was then seized with the spirit of adventure, pushed across the Pacific to the Sandwich Islands and thence to the Chinese coast, where he enjoyed a breadth and minuteness of observation then not often vouchsafed to a foreigner. Thence he made his way home the rest of his journey around the world, via Japan, Siam, Calcutta, Bombay, through the Chusan Archipelago, the island of Manilla and along the west coast of Africa. From San Francisco to Cincinnati he occupied three years with his voyages and land journeys. While in China he found an extensive field for the ohservation of skin diseases, and decided that, if he followed his father's vocation, he would pay some especial attention to such ailments. Arriving at home, he promptly resumed his medical studies, becoming a member of the Ohio Medical college, and enjoying in addition the instructions of both his father and Dr. Daw son. He took his diploma of Doctor of Medicine in the summer of 1862, went immediately before the State board at Columbus, for examination as a candidate for appointment in the army, passed it successfully, and was appointed assistant surgeon in the Thirty-fifth Ohio volunteer infantry. He was captured at Chickamauga, and for three years was detained as a prisoner at Atlanta and in the famous Libby prison, at Richmond. He was, however, as a medical man, allowed some favors, and was presently released by special exchange, arranged by his friends at Washington. He rejoined his regiment at Chattanooga, during the cold winter of 1862A-3 and the starvation period experienced by the army there. He resigned on the day of the battle at Kenesaw Mountain, during the Atlanta campaign, from ill health, and returned home. He had then reached the full grade of surgeon. Returning home, he was made a resident physician in the Cincinnati hospital, and also went into private practice. In this he had his father's invaluable advice and aid, and soon undertook the same specialities of practice—obstetrics and diseases of women and children. He became a member of the staff of the Good Samaritan hospital and lecturer on skin diseases, and was afterwards one of the physicians in charge of the dispensary. He has always maintained a large private practice, but has found time to write occasional papers for the professional societies and press, and is an active member of the Cincinnati academy of medicine, the Obstetrical society and the State Medical society. He has been called to much service as a medical examiner for the large life-insurance companies, having been examiner, among others, for the Mutual Benefit of New Jersey for sixteen years. He is supreme medical examiner of the Knights of the Golden Rule for the United States, and grand medical examiner for the Ancient Order of United Workmen in Ohio. He does not take a very active part in politics, but retains his membership in the Grand Army of the Republic. Dr. Wright was married, in March, 1870, to Miss Eva, daughter of David K. and Ann Eliza Cady, of Cincinnati, the former a member of the city school board for thirty years. They have three children living, and one, a little girl, in the grave. The surviving children are David Cady, a boy of nine years; Marmaduke B. (named from the paternal grandfather), in his fourth year; and Ann Eliza (from the maternal grandmother), aged two years. Mary L. died an infant in 1874. DR. P. F. MALEY. Patrick Francis Maley, M. D., a well-known medical practitioner in Cincinnati, and ex-coroner of the county of Hamilton, is a native of the Emerald Isle, being born in the county Mayo, Ireland, on the 15th of January, 1838. He attended the primary schools of his native land until the age of thirteen, soon after attaining which he was removed with his father's family to the promised land beyond the sea. Arriving in America in 1851, the newcomers pushed on to the beautiful valley of the Ohio, HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 443 and settled in this county. Here the young Patrick was enabled to go on with his course of education, which soon became highly liberal in its character, and included a number of branches in the higher ranges of study. His first business life was as a clerk in the drug store of Mr. J. P. White, in this city, which proved a good beginning of preparation for the profession he was to pursue. He remained with Mr. White seven years, meanwhile taking a diploma from the Cincinnati college of pharmacy, and otherwise perfecting himself thoroughly in the details of the business. His medical reading now began with Dr. John A. Thacker, also of the city, and he presently became a student in the Cincinnati college of medicine and surgery, from which he was graduated in 1861. He was soon diverted from local practice, however, by a summons to serve his country during the great civil struggle which broke out about this time. Being appointed assistant surgeon in the United States navy, he was assigned to duty on the gunboat flotilla, upon the western waters. The next year, near the close of 1862, he was compelled to resign, by reason of swamp fever, contracted during his service at Helena, Arkansas. After his recovery he recommenced practice at home, but was again drawn into the public service by a fresh appointment in the surgical department, for which he was duly examined and pronounced qualified He was on duty at Jefferson barracks, St. Louis, until September 22, 1863, when, upon his leaving to join the army of General Rosecrans, just before the battle of Chattanooga, he was presented with a silver ice-pitcher and salver by the officers and patients of the hospital at the barracks, as a token of personal esteem and confidence. The ordinary channels of communication to Chattanooga being interrupted, he traveled on foot over the mountains, above seventy miles, in order to reach the next post of duty. During this perilous and toilsome trip all his effects and instruments were lost by the capture of the wagon train conveying them. Reaching Chattanuga at last, he was put at work at once in the Critchfield House, which had become a hospital. He then accompanied a train of sick and wounded soldiers to Nashville, where he finally resigned from the service. Embarking once more in private practice in Cincinnati, he speedily built up a large and lucrative business, which has been steadily maintained and increased to this day. Dr. Maley has found time, however, to do the public some service in official positions. He was an influential member of the board of education of the city for five years; was a councilman from the Fourth ward for two terms; and, upon the death of Dr. Dougherty, coroner of Hamilton county, in the autumn of 1872, he was appointed to fill the vacancy; was regularly elected in 1873, and reelected for the full term the next year. The Biographical Encyclopedia well said of him during this service: "He has shown his complete qualifications for this public trust, and the honors of the reelections conferred upon him by the public indicate that the people of Cincinnati are amply satisfied with the care and fidelity with which he discharges his duties." Although his convictions and political affiliations had previously been Democratic, Dr. Maley was a supporter of General Garfield for the Presidency in 1880, and received from him a handsome acknowledgment of the Doctor's telegram of congratulation, which has been neatly framed and is among the ornaments of his office and home at the southeast corner of Eighth and John streets. Dr. Maley was united in marriage April 23, 1861, to Miss Josephine E., daughter of Mr. A. C. Holcombe, a native of Virginia, and one of the Cincinnati pioneers. She departed this life on the third day of May, 1880, leaving two sons—both now grown to manhood—Edwin Francis, engaged in business as cashier for. Rothschild & Sons, at No. 292 West Sixth street; and George Pollock, bill clerk in the office of the Cincinnati Southern railroad. GENERAL HICKENLOOPER. Andrew Hickenlooper was born in Hudson, Ohio, August 3o, 1837. His youth was mostly spent at school till in 1854 he entered the office of A. W. Gilbert, city engineer of Cincinnati. With Mr. Gilbert he remained three years, being admitted into the partnership. In 1859 he became the city surveyor, in which position he confirmed the good opinions which has been formed concerning his efficiency and energy as an engineer. In 1861, under the auspices of General Fremont, Mr. Hickenlooper recruited "Hickenlooper's battery of Cincinnati," afterwards known as the Fifth Ohio independent battery, with which, soon after, he went to Jefferson City, Missouri, where he was appointed commandant of artillery at the post. In March, 1862, Captain Hickenlooper returned to the command of his battery, and was transferred to Grant's army at Pittsburgh Landing. Three days after the bloody battle there, in which he participated, General McKean appointed him division commandant of artillery. In this capacity he served until after the battles of Iuka and Corinth, when, upon the complimentary reports of his superiors, he was ordered by General Grant, October 26, 1862, to report for staff duty to General McPherson. The connection thus began which was only terminated by the untimely death of his chief. Me: Pherson made him chief of ordnance and artillery, and instructed him to complete the fortifications at Bolivar, and still later he was made, by General McPherson, chief engineer of the Seventeenth army corps. Throughout the siege of Vicksburgh, Captain Hickenlooper had charge of the engineer operations on the front of the corps, and conducted them so well as to elicit the warm approval of McPherson. The approaches were pushed up until some of the enemy's guns were silenced, and a mine—the first important one of the war —was run under the rebel works. In his honor, General McPherson named one of the forts "Battery Hickenlooper," and made special mention of him in his official reports. In a letter to Halleck, General McPherson says: "Captain A. Hickenlooper deserves special mention for his ability, untiring energy, and skill in making reconnoissances and maps of the routes passed 444 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. over, superintending the repairs and construction of bridges, etc., constantly exposing himself day and night. He merits some substantial recognition of his services." And again: "I write, without solicitation, to urge the claims for promotion, by brevet or otherwise, of one of the best, and, at the same time, one of the most modest officers on my staff, Captain Andrew Hickenlooper, Fifth Ohio battery. I first made his acquaintance at Jefferson city, in 1861-2, and was most favorably impressed with his intelligence and military bearing. . . On assuming command at Bolivar, Tennessee, in October, 1862, I was very much in need of an engineer officer, and, knowing his qualifications, I applied to Major General Grant, and had Captain Hickenlooper assigned to me as chief of artillery and engineer officer. He has made a reputation commensurate with the reputation of the corps. As all the Ohio batteries of light artillery are 'independent batteries,' there is no chance for him to obtain promotion in that branch of the service, and I think it but due that the general commanding should give him some token of his appreciation, cheering to the heart of a soldier. I therefore respectfully request that you will present his name for a brevet commission of colonel or lieutenant colonel." After the fall of Vicksburgh, the board of honor of the seventeenth corps awarded him a gold medal, on which was inscribed: "Pittsburgh Landing, siege of Corinth, Iuka, Corinth, Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills, Vicksburgh." When McPherson took command of the army of the Tennessee, Captain Hickenlooper was made judge-advocate on his staff, and a little later chief of artillery for the department and army of the Tennessee. In this position he accompanied his chief through the Atlanta campaign. After McPherson's death, when General Howard took command of the army, Captain Hickenlooper was returned to his former position of judge advocate, and was made assistant chief of artillery. From this position he was relieved at the request of General F. P. Blair, to accept the position of assistant inspector general Seventeenth army corps, which appointment carried with it the promotion to the rank of lieutenant colonel. After the campaign of the Carolinas was nearly over, he was recommended for a brigadier generalship, —General Howard indorsing that he "knew of no officer in the service whom he would more cordially recommend." General Sherman saying: "He served long and faithfully near General McPherson, and enjoyed his marked confidence; is young, vigorous and well educated, and can fill any commission with honor and credit to the service." And General Grant saying: "He has proved himself one of the ablest and most energetic volunteer officers, no one having the confidence of his superiors in a higher degree." Captain Hickenlooper was appointed a brevet brigadier general of volunteers, May 20, 1865, and assigned to the command of a brigade composed of the Eleventh, Thirteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Iowa veteran volunteers. After the muster out of the troops, he was warmly recommended by Blair, Logan, Howard, Sherman, and Grant, for a commission as major of artillery in the regular army, or for the office of United States marshal for the southern district of Ohio. He was appointed to the latter position, was soon confirmed, and at once entered upon its duties, being at the time still under thirty years of age. In this position he remained four years, when he resumed the duties of city engineer. In 1872 the Cincinnati Gas Light & Coke company solicited his services, and in order to secure them a new office, that of vice-president, was created. After a few years, Mr. Hickenlooper was made president of the company, the office of vice-president having been abolished. The duties of this position General Hickenlooper discharged well—to the satisfaction of the company and the citizens. In 1879, General Hickenlooper was elected lieutenant governor of Ohio, on the Republican ticket with Mr. Foster. At the time of his nomination for lieutenant governor, one of his neighbors said : "General Hickenlooper is the most industrious man I ever knew. He is never idle. His popularity in Cincinnati is great. His courtesy. to everybody is proverbial, and applicants to him for assistance are never turned away empty-handed. He is liberal in his ideas of life, and full of charity, but in his own habits is temperate. He has always taken an active part in our local politics, not for fame, honor, or office, but because he deemed it his duty as a citizen." His nomination to the candidacy of lieutenant governor was without his seeking or knowledge. He hesitated to accept, but once decided, he went in to win, and, during his term of office thus far, has fulfilled the expectations of his friends, and confirmed the high opinion formed as to his executive and administrative abilities. COLONEL DAVID W. McCLUNG. David Waddle McClung, surveyor of customs for the port of Cincinnati, and ex-officio collector, etc., is of west Scotland or Highland stock. In 1730 his great-grandfather came to this country and settled in Washington county, New York. His descendants mostly resided in that State; but his son, Charles McClung, grandfather of the subject of this memoir, removed to Mifflin county, Pennsylvania, where David's father and mother were both born, but were both brought to Ohio by their parents in early childhood, the families settling in Fairfield county. The father's name was also David; he was married in 1824 to Miss Elizabeth Brown, daughter of David and Elizabeth (McTeer) Brown. Their fifth child and fourth son- was David Waddle, born December 18, 1831, in Eaton township, Seneca county, Ohio, to which his parents had removed two years after marriage. His brothers and sisters were, in due order of birth, Phoebe, William Clark, Robert, James (deceased in February, 1874), Margaret (died November, 1878), Sarah and Harvey (both of whom died in childhood), John Calvin, and Martha (deceased in August, 1876). But five of this large family, including David, are now living. The father died in October, 1867, and the mother in August, 1877. David was brought up on a farm, which had been the manual-labor school of his ancestry for generations; at- HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 445 tended the country schools in his childhood, which were very good for the time, the residence of the family being on the border of the famous Western Reserve; and was a member of the Seneca County academy, at Republic, then taught by the Hon. Thomas W. Harvey, since State commissioner of Schools. Here he prepared for college, and entered freshman at Muskingum college, New Concord, in October, 1850; remained one term, and then transferred his allegiance to Miami university, at Oxford, from which he was graduated A. B. in 1854. During much of his preparatory course he maintained himself by teaching school, beginning at the early age of fifteen, and for a large share of the expenses of his college course he served the university in various capacities, but had to create a debt, which was faithfully repaid upon his entrance into business life. After graduation he again undertook the pedagogic vocation, but in a higher field, becoming at first principal of the high schools, then superintendent of public schools in Hamilton, in which two positions he remained three years. At the expiration of his year as superintendent he accepted the charge of the Republican organ at the same place, the Hamilton Intelligencer, which he conducted or assisted in editing for about two years, in association with his old friend and classmate, Colonel Minor Milliken. It was the early day of the Republican party; Butler county was largely Democratic ; it was an important transition period, and the Intelligencer bore its full share in fixing the current of public opinion. The fight with opponents was at times close and sharp, and Mr. McClung was himself personally attacked by an infuriated Democrat, and bore from the conflict an honorable scar which he wears to this day, a testimonial of the later days that tried men's souls. He was during this time of editorial work engaged at intervals in the study of the law; and in the winter of 185960 he was appointed by the governor to the position of probate judge of the county, vice William R. Kinder, who died in office. Upon the election of his successor—a Democrat, of course—he spent a few months desultorily in his law office, but, immediately upon the outbreak of the war, the call for volunteers being issued Monday morning, April 16, 1861, he enlisted in a Hamilton company as a private soldier, and went with it to Camp Jefferson, Columbus, where it was sworn into service April 24th, and assigned as company F, Third Ohio infantry. On the twenty-seventh of the same month the regiment was sent, with five companies of the Eleventh, to establish Camp Dennison, on the Little Miami railroad, seventeen miles from Cincinnati. Mr. McClung was taken from the ranks, where he was still serving as a private, and made quartermaster of the camp, in which place of responsibility and honor he was detained, contrary to all precedents of the service, until the following March, hundreds of thousands of dollars, in money and property, passing through his hands meanwhile, not only of quartermaster's, but of ordnance stores. He then received a commission, to date from February 19, 1862, as captain and assistant quartermaster. He remained at the camp until June 15, 1862, having meanwhile rebuilt it, in order to fit it for winter quarters; and was then ordered to Camp Chase, to build the barracks for rebel prisoners there. When the call for five hundred thousand more was made by President Lincoln, Camp Dennison acquired more importance than ever, and Captain McClung was ordered back to equip the regiments forming therein. From first to last, it is believed that he prepared not far from one hundred regiments for the field. When the second levy of troops had been equipped, he supervised the conversion of the barracks at the camp, during November and December of 1862, into a convalescent hospital. Thence he departed for Madison, Indiana, where hospitals more convenient to the river were to be built, and, after getting that work well under way, he was ordered to Cincinnati, to take charge of the purchase of supplies, in which capacity he served until the close of the war. His money accounts with the Government, during his entire term of service, aggregated about twenty-five million dollars; his property accounts more than twice as much. Like other officers in similar positions, he was from time to time inspected, investigated, "detectived," and "spied," but never once accused, and he long since had his accounts satisfactorily balanced by the officers of the Treasury Department. His services were not finally dispensed with until November 8, 1865, when he was honorably mustered out, at his own reiterated request. Shortly before this, October 30, he was breveted major of volunteers, for faithful and meritorious services, on the recommendation of General Ekin and other high officers of the quartermaster's department. He returned to Hamilton, and was elected president of the Second National bank in that city, although not then a stockholder. In about a year and a half he resigned-that place, and began the manufacture of machinery in Hamilton, remaining in this business for two years, when he exchanged his stock in the machine-shop for an interest in the Woodsdale Paper company, of which he took charge and remained its business manager until February r, 1879, when he removed to Cincinnati and became assistant postmaster. In January, 1881, he was nominated by President Hayes surveyor of the port of Cincinnati, and again by President Garfield upon his accession, when he was promptly confirmed by the senate and received his commission, of date March 10, 1881. Such a career as that of Colonel McClung needs no embellishment or further illustration. His qualities of mind and character are easily inferrible from this outline sketch of his rapid and sure advancement to his present high position. Colonel McClung was married on the nineteenth of March, 1861, to Miss Anna, Carter Harrison, only daughter of Carter B. Harrison, youngest son of General and President Harrison. Her mother was Mary, of the family of John Sutherland, one of the pioneers of Butler county. She is a worthy helpmate of her distinguished spouse. They have no children, and reside on Walnut Hills, in the First ward of Cincinnati. 446 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. AMOR SMITH, JR. The Hon. Amor Smith, jr., collector of internal reevnue for the First district of Ohio, is of English stock on his mother's side, she, nee Sarah Spencer, having been born in Hull, England, and coming with her parents to this country when she was quite young. Here she was married to Mr. Martin Smith, of Cincinnati, and, after his death in Dayton, to Amor Smith, father of the subject of this notice. The elder Smith was a son of John Smith, of Newcastle county, Delaware, and Charity (Smith) Smith, and came to Cincinnati in 1817 with his parents when but three or four years old. He removed to Dayton in 1831, and was married in that place, as before noted. The mother died in Cincinnati in 1850, of cholera; the father is still living. In Dayton the younger Amor was born October 22, 1840. In 1847 his parents removed to the Queen City, in the public schools of which he received his elementary education, and then, at the age of seventeen, became a student at the Swedenborgian university, in Urbana, Ohio, but left the school before graduating, in order to make a beginning of active life. He entered the employment of his father, then a manufacturer of star candles, in Cincinnati, and became partner with him about the year 1865 in another line of business, the manufacture of fertilizers, with a branch of the same in Baltimore subsequently established. The name and style of the Cincinnati firm at first was Amor Smith & Co., and that of the branch house Amor Smith & Sons, the junior partners in each case being Amor Smith, jr., and Lee. Smith. They are still, after a lapse of sixteen years, in the same business, east and west, with the same partners, at the same stands in both Cincinnati and Baltimore. For a time they had the practical monoply of the productions of ammoniacal products from "cracklings," or the refuse of pork-packing and tallow-rendering establishments, and found it very profitable. The business has steadily enlarged from year to year, with a temporary check about 1876, from the fierceness of competition and the introduction of new and patented processes. Their orders remain large, however, and the manufacture is highly lucrative. The Cincinnati house confines its production to agricultural fertilizers altogether; the Baltimore branch turns out special products for use by the makers of such fertilizers. This division of labor and production is mutually found advantageous. The youngest partner, Mr. Lee Smith, is at present the manager of both houses, the father spending his time and energies mainly upon his farm at Smith's station, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad, in Butler county, where he resides, and Amor Smith, jr., being wholly engrossed with the duties of his office. The last named, the subject of this sketch was married in 1863 to Miss Mary Jane, daughter of the Hon. Henry Kessler, a well known citizen of Cincinnati. In 1872 he went to Baltimore with his family to take charge of the business of the branch house, and while there, on the twenty-sixth of November in the next year, he was deprived of her companionship by death. He came back to Cincinnati the next month, for the sake of his three young children, and again took up his resi dence in the Queen City. He has never remarried. The children are all living—Kessler, Alvin and Leonora —aged sixteen, fourteen and ten respectively. Mr. Smith has been a member of the Republican party ever since his majority, and he has been active and influential in it from the time he began to take part in politics, which was very soon after he came of age. He was elected a member of the Republican county committee of Hamilton county in the first year thereafter, and has been associated with it most of the time since. He was chosen to the first board of aldermen organized in the city government trader the two chambered system, and was the youngest member of that board. He served as chairman of the committee on streets, the second committee of importance on the board, the chairmanship of the first, or committee on finance, being then filled by Mr. John Shillito. In this capacity, under the law then existing, he was a member of the board of city improvements, the remaining members being Mayor John F. Torrence, ex officio chairman; August Wessel and S. W. Bard, elected members; R. C. Phillips, city engineer; Milton H. Cook, city commissioner, and Daniel Wolf, chairman committee on streets in the board of councilmen, members, like himself, ex officio. Mr. Frank M. McCord, at present clerk to the superintendent in charge of the erection of the new Government buildings, was then clerk of the board. Mr. Smith declined a renomination, and his service in the council closed with that year. In 5875 he served as chairman of the Republican executive committee of the county, which restored it to Republicanism after the "tidal wave," and in the former year secured a large majority in the county for R. B. Hayes, then running for governor, and the whole Republican ticket. He was again, the next year, in the same difficult position, and gave efficient assistance in the election of Governor Hayes to the Presidency. He labored with equal efficiency and success in behalf of the six million dollar loan proposed to the Southern railroad, in addition to the ten million dollars already expended—a triumph achieved in the face of much local opposition and other difficulties. Afterwards he was chairman of the committee having in charge the canvass in the city in behalf of the two million loan, which had once been lost, and carried it through victoriously. During the last Presidential campaign, that of 1880, he was chairman of the campaign committee in the Lincoln club, which rendered most important services in the splendid Republican success of that year. Of this renowned institution he was one of the incorporators, and has ever since been prominent and influential in its councils. In May, 1878, Mr. Smith, in consideration of his known abilities and eminent services to President Hayes and the Republican party, was appointed to the post of collector of internal revenue of the first district of Ohio, was promptly confirmed by the Senate, and assumed charge of the office June 8th of the same year. His careful management of this office has been repeatedly testified by the Washington authorities, and at the close of his first year a formal certificate was sent by the Hon. Green B. Raum, commissioner of internal HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 447 revenue, saying that "this faithful discharge of a public trust merits commendation, and I take pleasure in tendering you the thanks of this office therefor." His office collects a larger sum of internal revenue than any other in the country, about twelve million dollars per year passing through it. Besides the public services mentioned above, Mr. Smith has assumed other important duties. He was one of the committee of the chamber of commerce (the other members being Richard Smith, of the Gazelle, Mr. W. N. Hobart, president of the chamber, and S. H. Brinton), to negotiate the purchase of the post office building with the Secretary of the Treasury, for the uses of the chamber. He took a very active part in the organization of the first Saengerfest given by the Germans in the city, and was chairman of its committee on the press; and also in the ceremonies attending the opening of the exposition buildings, for which he also served upon an important committee, and had an especial part to perform in the march of the Fourth division (civic) in the procession. L. A. STALEY, ESQ. This well-known citizen of Cincinnati, treasurer of Hamilton county, traces his ancestry on the paternal side to Switzerland. The first of the family to reach the new world was Peter Staley, his great-great-grandfather, who came to this country early in its history. The more recent ancestors of Mr. Staley on this side are all American born. His grandfathers on both sides and two of his maternal uncles were soldiers of the War of 1812 —15. His maternal grandfather, Thomas Connor, came from Ireland when an orphan boy, and settled in Maryland; where he married and brought up his family. His youngest child and daughter, Rebecca Connor, was a native of Georgetown, District of Columbia, born in 1809, and was united in marriage at Frederick, Maryland, the seventeenth of December, 1835, to Henry Staley, great-grandson of the pioneer above named, and father of the subject of this notice, and a native of that county, born in 180. The youthful pair lived in Frederick, where two of their children were born, until 1840. In that year Mr. Staley came on foot to the Miami country in company with several of his neighbors, on a prospecting tour for a place in which to settle his family to advantage. He fixed his affections upon Dayton, Montgomery county, Ohio, and in the absence of railroads and of an over full purse, he walked all the way back to Frederick, nearly six hundred miles, and soon started with his family for the great west. They settled in Dayton, where the elder Staley engaged as a carpenter and builder and has since resided, in the successful prosecution of his business. Himself and wife are both still living. He at the age of seventy-one is now building a handsome double house in Dayton, as an investment. He is yet vigorous and enterprising, and has accumulated a good share of this world's goods. The first child born to Henry and Rebecca (Connor) Staley in this place was Luke, who was ushered into this world August 11, 1840. The public schools of Dayton offered his chief opportunities of education, and he pushed his way pretty well through them, but was ambitious to get into active life, and when only about seventeen years of age he took a position as salesman in the dry goods store of Thomas Shafer, in Dayton, where he remained for one and a half to two years, and then was compelled by the state of his health to seek more stirring and out-door employment. He began to learn the trade of a brick-mason, and worked for some time at the business, but did not take very kindly to it, and in the fall of 1861 he came to Cincinnati and accepted an agency for the Cincinnati Mutual Insurance company, an institution now merged with others in the Union Central Life Insurance company, of which Mr. Staley has been the general agent since 1871, and still retains his agency, devoting his business energies apart from the duties of his public office to the interests of this company. During the whole time the Cincinnati Mutual was in existence, after Mr. Staley came to the city, he was its agent until the consolidation, and then took the general agency above mentioned. Our subject was early in politics, both in sympathy and action. His father had been an old-line Jeffersonian Democrat until the rise of the Republican. party shortly afterward. His opposition to the slave-power and institution of slavery twenty years before, had led to his removal from Maryland, in the face of a very eligible offer made by his employer there, and when Mr. Lincoln became a candidate for the Presidency, he received the warm support of the elder Staley. Under his advice and influence young Luke likewise cast his vote for the statesman of the prairies, and has since been steadfast in his allegiance to the principles and policy of the Republican party. He is one of the most active workers in politics in southwestern Ohio, and his voice is influential in the councils of the party. He was for a time chairman of the Republican executive committee of Hamilton county, and also a member of the Republican State central committee. He had never, however, sought office, but his services to the party, as well as his eminent qualifications, in the canvass of 1879 fixed the attention of the Republicans of the county upon him as a candidate for treasurer, and he was nominated in July of that year, at the largest convention of the kind ever held in the city or State, numbering about one thousand delegates. He shared in the grand success of his ticket the ensuing fall, and was elected by the handsome majority of nearly two thousand five hundred. He assumed the duties of his office in September of the next year, and has since attended to them with thorough fidelity and efficiency. The importance of his'post may be estimated from the fact that about six millions of the public money pass through his office yearly, and the good people of Hamilton county are to be congratulated that their financial interests are reposed in hands so honest and capable. Mr. Staley's parents are both members of the German Reformed church, and he has been a constant attendant upon its ministrations from early childhood, and is a cordial sympathizer with the practical teachings of Chris- 448 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO. tianity. He was one of the founders and incorporators of the Lincoln club of Cincinnati, is specially active in its membership, and served as one of its directors in its earlier years. He was one of a committee selected to form its by-laws and give it a name, and upon his suggestion the society received its present very fitting and potent name of Lincoln club. Mr. Staley has for his wife Lucretia Ellen (Kessler) Staley, daughter of Mr. Henry Kessler, a well-kn0wn resident of the Queen City, to whom he was united January 9, 1866. They are blessed with four offspring—Charles Kessler (named from a maternal uncle), born Au-.gust 27, 1866; Henry Kessler, (from his maternal grandfather, his paternal grandfather also being named Henry), born August 22, 1869; Laura Rebecca (from her paternal grandmother), whose natal day is January 19, 1872; and Ida Kessler (from a sister in-law of her mother), born June 8, 1874. HON. W. S. CAPPELLER. W. S. Cappeller, auditor of Hamilton county, was born in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, February 23, 1839, and removed when still a boy to Wayne county, Indiana. Having lost his father in 1852, he was apprenticed to the Hon. D. P. Holloway, then editor of the Richmond Palladium, to learn the trade of a printer; but his uncle, Philip Dom, of Mt. Healthy, Ohio, offered him the opportunity of obtaining a finished education at Farmer's college, of which he availed himself. His mother, who is still living, watched carefully over his instruction, and he attributes his success in life to the care and attention she bestowed on his early education. In 1859 he was married to Miss Lizzie Killen, of Mt. Healthy, and embarked in the dry goods and grocery business at that place. In 1866 he was appointed postmaster at Mt. Healthy, and held that office until 1872. In 1869 he was elected clerk of Springfield township, and also clerk of the township board of education, and was reelected three times. In 1870 he was appointed by the court of common pleas one of a committee of three to investigate the accounts of the officials of Hamilton county, and discharged his duty with such fidelity and thoroughness as to elicit the commendation of the people as well as the press; and the general assembly of the State, acting upon the report made by the committee, amended the law relating to the compensation of. county officials by a bill known as the "Hamilton Fee Bill," which is still in force. Mr. Cappeller served several years as tax omission deputy in the office of county auditor of this county, and in the fall of 1877 was himself elected auditor, after one of the most spirited campaigns in the political history of the county, being the only Republican elected on the ticket. He was reelected in October, 1880, by a majority of three thousand eight hundred and forty-five, receiving the largest vote and largest majority of any man on the ticket. His thorough familiarity with all the details and duties pertaining to the office has enabled him to meet without embarrassment its increasing labors and growing intricacies; and he distributes to the differ ent funds of Hamilton county five millions of dollars annually with as much ease and accuracy as his earlier predecessors distributed one-tenth of that amount. For many years Mr. Cappeller has been prominently identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, contributing to its publications, delivering addresses, etc., and as representative in the grand lodge of Ohio has always been considered a wise and judicious counsellor. He was installed Worthy Grand Master of the Right Worthy Grand Lodge of Ohio, at Canton, on the sixteenth day of May, 1878, and filled the position with singular ability and intelligence. In December, 1880, he was elected to represent the State of Ohio in the Sovereign Grand Lodge of the world. Mr. Cappeller is an original thinker and an effective public speaker, as is evidenced by the demands made upon his time and services during political and other campaigns. He is a gentleman of fine social as well as executive qualities, and by industry and a courteous demeanor towards all has been successful in life and attained an enviable and justly deserved popularity. SAMUEL F. HUNT. The subject of this sketch was born at Springdale, Hamilton county, Ohio, on the twenty-second day of October, 1845. His parents were Dr. John Randolph Hunt and Amanda Baird Hunt, both from New Jersey. The following is copied from the tablet in the cemetery of Springdale: "Doctor John Randolph Hunt, born at Cherry Hill, near Princeton, New Jersey, July 3, 1793. Died August r, 1863. A student of the university of New Jersey, and a graduate of the College of Medicine and Surgery of New York, and for more than forty years a practicing physician in the Miami valley. In his death his family lost an indulgent husband and father, the profession a faithful practitioner, and the community an estimable friend and fellow citizen." Samuel F. Hunt, son of Dr. Hunt, was early led in the paths of learning by his parents, both of whom were persons of culture and refinement, and under competent private instruction laid the foundation for after eminence in scholarly pursuits. His family connections were such as to give advantages which he failed not to improve, and even in boyhood he became known for the variety and extent of his information, excellency of speech and polished address.- In 1860 Samuel F. entered Miami university, at Oxford, where he remained for nearly four years, going thence to Union college, New York, where he completed his course and graduated under the venerable Dr. Nott. Four years later the college conferred upon him the degree A. M., and about the same time Miami university awarded him a diploma as to a regular graduate of the class of 1864, and also the honorary degree of master.0f arts. After this, Mr. Hunt read law in the office of the Hon. Stanley Matthews, and graduated from the Cincinnati Law school in 1867. In May of that year he started upon a European tour, visiting the continent and thence beyond Greece, Palestine, Egypt and Arabia. During his travels abroad, his HISTORY OF CINCINNATI, OHIO - 449 letters were published in the Cincinnati Enquirer and largely copied into the other papers. Upon his return Mr. Hunt was frequently solicited and made addresses upon his travels, which were put in permanent form at the request of numerous auditors. In 1867 he was nominated for the house of representatives, and in 1869 was in the senate, where, by a vote decidedly complimentary, he was made president pro tern. and acting lieutenant-governor. He was a member of the judiciary committee and committee on common schools, and was the author of the university bill, the park bill, and other measures affecting the interests of Cincinnati. When at home he was an industrious memher of the board of education. Previous to these years, even in boyhood, his powers of oratory were known and acknowledged, and at the outbreak of the Rebellion his speeches were those of an uncompromising patriot, and were enthusiastically applauded. In his own neighborhood his services are remembered in the work of recruiting the Eighty-third and other Ohio regiments. In 1862 he went to Shiloh to care for the sick and wounded; and afterwards, in 1865, went with General Weitzel's advance into Richmond, where he remained several weeks, having charge of the supplies which were furnished to sufferers in the city. While in college Mr. Hunt was honored frequently by being called upon to make the annual and other addresses before the literary societies and upon great occasions, and since his graduation he has been constantly in receipt of invitations to make addresses, both at home and abroad. Among the addresses which gave Mr. Hunt prominence in scholarly and oratorical way, mention may be made of those before the Miami literary societies during the year 1864, also before the literary societies at Marietta college, Kenyon college, Georgetown college (Kentucky), Williams college (Massachusetts), the annual address before the largest assembly of recent years in the university of Virginia, his address with Governors Hayes and Allen at the unveiling of the soldiers' monument, Findlay, Ohio, and that at the Grant banquet in 1880. In 1874, Mr. Hunt was appointed by Governor Noyes a trustee of Miami university, and at the same time was made a director of Cincinnati university, at Cincinnati. From that time up to the present he has been either director or president in these university boards, by reappointment and re-election. Besides serving as secretary of the agricultural society of the county, and making speeches at the harvest home festivals in different townships, Mr. Hunt has found some time to recreate in politics; and since his entry therein, in 1867, he has been known as the "Pride of the Democracy" of Hamilton county. Although defeated in the race for representative in the year last-named, he was elected to the State senate; his abilities were at once recognized,- and he was made president pro tem, of that body, being the youngest man that ever occupied that position. He was a participant in the Democratic State convention of 1869, and served two years on the State Central committee. In 1873 he was president of the convention that nominated Governor Allen, and in 1874 made a speech on the veto power, in the Ohio Constitutional convention. This was one of Mr. Hunt's best efforts, and he refers to it, and justly, with some pride as a good speech. In 1869 Mr. Hunt was, while president of the senate, acting lieutenant-governor; and ten years later was judge-advocate-general, with the rank of brigadier general. From the commencement of his profession with the Hon. Henry Stanberry to the present time, Mr. Hunt has been an industrious worker in the law, and now enjoys a lucrative and constantly increasing practice. Still in the prime of life, of good appearance and pleasant address, Mr. Hunt is one of the foremost at the Cincinnati bar; and being rarely gifted with social qualities, his home is the frequent resort of personal friends of both political parties. Mrs. Hunt, the mother of Samuel F., is an estimable lady, whose graces and hospitalities will be remembered kindly by every visitor at the old home mansion. With her son she still resides in the comfortable "home of fifty years ago," across the street from the academy where Governor Oliver P. Morton received part of his early education. Here, also, under the shade-trees of Mrs. Hunt's home may be seen the first classical academy in this neighborhood, and near by the little church, from which, as Mrs. Hunt relates, the first missionary was sent from the west to the far east. On the brow of a hill on the outskirts of the village, may be seen the spot where Elliott was killed by the Indians in 1794. The ancestors of Hon. Samuel F. Hunt, whose sketch is thus hurriedly written, were related to the active patriots of the Revolution, the grand-sires on part of both father and mother having fought in the battles at Princeton and Monmouth Court House; and when the pioneer days of Hamilton county are recalled, and reminiscences verge on the history of noble fathers on Revolutionary fields, the conversational powers of Mrs. Hunt are displayed in the best light, and in the charm of personal narration one may easily perceive that the honorable eminence of the son is largely due to the rare mental qualities and superior culture of the mother. SAMUEL W. RAMP, ESQ. One of the notable features of politics and the public service in Cincinnati and Hamilton county, is the number of comparatively young men occupying the most responsible, and in some cases the Most difficult, positions, by the willing suffrages of the people. Several of these —as Auditor Capeller, of the county official force, and Comptroller Eshelby, of the city government—appear with suitable notices in our galaxy of prominent Queen citizens; and we are happy to be able to add to the representatives of the brain, business tact and ability, and personal popularity of young Cincinnati, the name which heads this article—by no means the least in prominence and responsible duty of those which appear in this volume. Mr. Ramp is as yet but thirty-six years old, having been born in this city January 18, 1845. His father, also named Samuel, was a native of Norfolk county, England, 57