CINCINNATI THE QUEEN CITY 17 8 8 - 1 9 2 ILLUSTRATED VOLUME III THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING COMPANY CHICAGO - CINCINNATI 1912 BIOGRAPHICAL DRAUSIN WULSIN. Drausin Wulsin, a distinguished member of the Cincinnati bar whose ability made him the valued companion and adviser of many men of national reputation, especially in the republican party, remained throughout the greater part of his life a resident of Cincinnati. He was born, however, in the vicinity of New Orleans, Louisiana, on the loth of June, 1842, a son of Drausin and Josephine (Young) Wulsin, who made their way northward when their three boys, Lucien, Eugene and Drausin, were but young lads. They established their home in the west end and in the acquirement of an education Drausin Wulsin attended the old twelfth district school and afterward the Hughes high school, from which in due course of time he was graduated. Determining upon the practice of law as his life work, he entered the Cincinnati Law School, in which he completed his course in 1863, a few days before he attained his majority. Ambitious and eager to engage in practice, he regarded his duty to his country as paramount to all else and immediately following his graduation joined the boys in blue of the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry under command of the late Sir A. T. Goshorn, who was colonel of the regiment. His two brothers were also Union. soldiers and Eugene died in Andersonville, while Lucien was severely wounded in a cavalry engagement in Georgia while serving with the Fourth Ohio Cavalry. Drausin Wulsin continued with his command through his one hundred days' term, when he was honorably discharged and returned to Cincinnati. Soon afterward he was admitted to the bar and entered upon the active practice of his profession, in which he was destined to rise to prominence and fame. He entered the office of Mills & Goshorn, the partners being Louis E. Mills and A. T. Goshorn, and upon the retirement of the latter Mr. Wulsin became a part, ner of Mr. Mills under the firm style of Mills & Wulsin. This relation was maintained until about 1873, when Mr. Mills retired and Mr. Wulsin became associated with James H. Perkins, who some time afterward was made assistant city solicitor under Clement Bates. In the fall of 1877 Mr.' Wulsin entered into a partnership with Judge William Worthington and under the firm style of Wulsin & Worthington continued in active practice until the latter went upon the superior court bench in 1882. Mr. Wulsin was then again joined by Mr. Perkins and the partnership remained unchanged until the latter's death. Mr. Wulsin remained in the offices in the Wiggins block, which were shared with Judge Worthington until the erection of the Mercantile Lib-dry building, when he established his offices there. In later years he was assisted by his office associates, Frank O. Suire and William J. Rielly. From the beginning of his practice Mr. Wulsin forged steadily to the front until for many years he occupied a commanding position in the ranks of the legal profession in Cincinnati. He confined his attention to civil law and largely spe- - 5 - 6 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY cialized in the field of corporation law. His knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence was comprehensive, his analysis keen and exhaustive, and. he displayed remarkable ability in his recognition of the relation between .a point in litigation and the principle or precedent applicable thereto. For twenty years prior to his death he was legal counsel for the Chamber of Commerce and in 1882, when Julius Dexter was made president of the Central Trust & Safe Deposit Company at its organization, he chose Mr. Wulsin as its attorney. Mr. Wulsin's firm prepared the bill upon which the original trust and safe deposit company law of April, 1882, was based and this company was organized and incorporated under his advice. He was an original subscriber to its capital stock, served on its board of directors and was its counsel continuously for twenty-two years. The record of Mr. Wulsin's connection with this company is its own history, it is the history of development of the law of Ohio on the subject of trust and. safe deposit companies, He was likewise legal counsel for the late Thomas Emery and his widow, for the Baldwin Piano Company, for the late D. H. Baldwin, the National Lead Company, the National Biscuit Company, the Sinton Hotel Company and many other' of the leading corporations of the city. He ever remained an earnest and discriminating student of his profession and his wide research and constantly broadening experience gave him a power in practice and as a counselor that won him wide reputation as one of the distinguished representatives of his chosen calling in Cincinnati. He was almost uniformly successful in his practice and death found him 'among the limited circle of wealthy attorneys at the Cincinnati bar. Aside from professional associations Mr. Wulsin figured prominently in connection with the public ,life of the city. He was an inflexible adherent of the republican party and in an advisory way was active in its ranks but would never accept or hold office. Years ago he refused office rather than abandon his practice. He was a close and discriminating student of the vital questions of the day, however, and the breadth of his reading and investigation made his views sound, his discrimination keen and his counsel an important element in shaping the political policy of the city. The only political office that he ever filled was that of a member of the city council and while serving in that body he took a prominent part in shaping the ordinances affecting the Cincinnati Southern Railway, then in its inception. He also participated in the debate over the contract with the Cincinnati Gas Light & Coke Company, which was the basis of all that has, followed, and, moreover, he was influential in securing some of the early annexations to the territory of Cincinnati. His views were often sought concerning the advisability and wisdom of legislative action and he assisted in putting into shape the acts of the general assembly which provided for the- incorporation and regulation of trust companies and creating and controlling pension funds for public school teachers. He was employed by the Ohio Bankers Association and the Ohio State Board of Commerce to prepare a bill governing and regulating the banking business within the state and that bill constituted the pattern upon which was modeled the banking laws that are now in force. No question of vital moment to Cincinnati failed to receive his earnest attention. He was, a faithful friend and supporter of the public library and for many years served 'as one of its trustees, never failing to attend its meetings CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 7 and giving much time and thought to advancing the usefulness of this important institution. He sought the commercial development and welfare of the city through his membership in and cooperation with the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati, the Business Men's Club of Walnut Hills and 'the Chamber of Commerce, with which he was connected for two decades. He was also a member of the Queen City Club, His standing in his profession is indicated by the fact that several times he was honored with election to the presidency of the Cincinnati Bar Association. Home interests, however, were paramount to all else in the life of Mr. Wulsin. He was married December 21, 1875, to Miss Julia Carson, daughter of the late Enoch T. Carson, who at that time was assistant United States treasurer, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. He left no children, and his sister and other relatives shared in the bequests of his will. When the National Grand Army Encampment was held in Cincinnati, Lucien Wulsin entertained the survivors of the Fourth Ohio Cavalry at his home on Madison road in East Walnut Hills. On that occasion Drausin Wulsin acted as one of the hosts and by him many battle-scarred veterans were introduced to his aged mother, who had sent three of her sons to active duty at the front at the time of the war. He was a man of much dignity, yet possessed a cordial, genial nature. He passed away November 14, 1910, after which resolutions expressed in terms of highest respect and admiration for his many good qualities were passed by The Central Trust & Safe Deposit. Company, the circuit court, Chamber of Commerce and the Public Library Board. On the 16th of November, the date on which the funeral was held, all of the United States courts of Cincinnati adjourned, in honor to his memory. The interment was made in the family lot beside the graves of his father, mother and sisters, to whom in life he was most devoted. His splendid business ability is indicated in the fact that at his death he left a large estate. At his passing one of the local papers wrote : "In the death of Mr. Wulsin the local bar loses one of its best members. His instincts were those of a gentleman.. We doubt whether there is any one who can recall seeing him lose his temper. His triumphs left no sting for those whom he had vanquished. His influence was always thrown on the right side. His life was above reproach and .his memory will be hallowed." He was widely recognized as a brilliant but unpretentious member of the bar, a man in 'whose professional and private life there was no guile and who came to stand to the bar and to the public as the embodiment of legal knowledge accurately applied and of fidelity in citizenship, which found its expression not only in active support of progressive public measures but also in the inspiration which his life afforded his fellowmen for faultless integrity, for higher living and nobler purposes. WILLIAM. M. STROBRIDGE. William M. Strobridge, president of the Waterproof Paper & Board Company of Cincinnati, has practically demonstrated his business ability as the head of one of the most rapidly developing manufacturing concerns of the city. He comes rightfully by his talents, as his father was for many years one of the 8 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY most prominent business men of the city, being also one of its most generous hearted philanthropists. The family is of English descent on the paternal side, although the immigrant ancestor in America, William Strobridge, came to the new world from Londonderry, Ireland. He arrived in America about 1600 and several of his descendants assisted in freeing the colonies from the British yoke at the time of the Revolutionary war. Others of the family have been leaders in business and professional life in various states of the Union. Mr. Strobridge of this review was born in Cincinnati, October 28, 1855, a son of Hines and Isabella (Wright) Strobridge. The father was for more than fifty years president of the Strobridge Lithographing Company, the business having been founded in 1850. This is the oldest company of the kind in the United States and at the present time is the largest lithographing establishment in Cincinnati. Mr. Strobridge, Sr., was a man of remarkable business capacity and assisted materially in the commercial development of Cincinnati. He was of a genial, kindly nature and found his greatest pleasure in relieving the wants of the distressed and unfortunate. He died in April, 1909, at the age of eighty-six years, his wife having been called away in 1865, at the age of thirty. Their bodies repose in Spring Grove cemetery. William M. Strobridge received his preliminary education in the public schools of Mount Auburn and also attended the high school, in which he continued until fifteen years of age. He then matriculated at Columbia University of New York city, where he spent two years, at the end of which time he went to California, but subsequently took up his residence in Wyoming Territory, where he had charge of a cattle ranch for twelve years. Owing to serious injuries by being kicked by a horse he was obliged to return to Cincinnati for treatment and has ever since made his home in this city. Just before leaving Wyoming he was elected to the legislature of the territory but did not take his seat in that body. In 1891 he became actively connected with the lithographing business of which his father was the head and has since continued as a stockholder, being also one of the managers of the company. A number of years ago Mr. Strobridge, Sr., gave financial assistance to one of his employes in perfecting a machine for the waterproofing of paper and the process having proved successful the Waterproof Paper & Board Company was organized in 1899 and incorporated under the laws of Ohio with an authorized capital of three hundred and ninety thousand dollars. The officers are : William M. Strobridge, president ; S. M. Ramsey, vice president and treasurer ; J. W. Wilshire, general manager and secretary ; and V. H. Wilshire, assistant manager. The company manufactures waxed paper, which is used in the protection of many commodities, such as cereal foods, crackers, candies, chewing gum, etc., and also manufactures automatic wrapping machines. This company has been in operation in Cincinnati since February 1, 1901, and also owns a controlling interest in The British American Wax Paper Company, Limited, of Toronto, Canada. The business has grown to large proportions and gives promise of great development in the immediate future. The officers of the company are men of large experience, who have made a study of the wants of the trade and are prepared upon an extensive scale to meet them. Mr. Strobridge was married, in Cincinnati, April 5, 1883, to Miss Mary McMicken, a daughter of Andrew and Anna R. (McDowell) McMicken, her CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 9 mother being a sister of the late Joseph McDowell and also a grandniece of Charles McMicken, who endowed McMicken University, now Cincinnati University. McMicken street in this city is named in his honor. One son, Hines, was born to Mr. and Mrs. Strobridge. He was a student at Oxford University and is now in charge of a department in his father's business. Mr. Strobridge politically gives his support to the republican party in national affairs but in local elections often votes for the man irrespective of party affiliation. He is identified with the Cincinnati Golf Club. The family resides in an elegant home at 2413 Auburn avenue, on the same spot where Mr. Strobridge was born. He has proved in all the relations of life entirely capable and trustworthy, thus gaining the confidence and respect of his associates and of all with whom he has come into contact. Public-spirited, progressive and enterprising, he is a representative of the true type of American citizenship and is a worthy successor to a father whose name is indissolubly connected with the history of Cincinnati. ABRAHAM E. COHEN. The possibilities represented by the boy who starts out to meet the world strengthened by an unalterable ambition to win an honorable name for himself are strikingly illustrated in the career of Abraham E. Cohen, president of the Dan Cohen Company, wholesale dealers in shoes, with headquarters at No. West Pearl street, Cincinnati. Not many years ago a newsboy depending upon his own exertions for a living, he is today at the head of an extensive mercantile business including six stores and employing two hundred persons. This great advancement has been wrought through marvelous energy and a wisely directed will backed by clear judgment and a perseverance that knew no such word as defeat. Mr. Cohen was born in Cincinnati, January 7, 1873, and is a son of Dan and Hannah Cohen who came to Cincinnati from Holland in 1865. The father engaged in the tailoring business in this city and died in 1903, at the age of sixty-three years. His wife still survives and makes her home at Hamilton, Ohio. Abraham E. Cohen received his preliminary education in the public school known as the "Old Ninth," being obliged to lay his books aside to assist in maintaining the family at twelve years of age. His first business experience was as a newsboy and later he occupied himself in various lines until he was nineteen years of age when he opened a retail shoe store at •Covington, being assisted by his two brothers, Nathan, aged seventeen, and Moses, fourteen years of age. They started at the very foundation with a modest capital and through energy and application their business increased until at the present time in addition to general headquarters and offices in this city they are maintaining retail stores at Hamilton and Springfield, Ohio, and Louisville, Covington and Maysville, Kentucky. In addition to their retail trade they carry on a large jobbing business. The company since 1908 has occupied a modern structure with twenty-five thousand square feet of floor space, which was erected after tearing down five buildings in one of which the original store in Covington was opened by Mr. Cohen and his brothers. The success of the enterprise may be ascribed to 10 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the courage and sagacity of its officers who rank among the active and progressive men of the city. Mr. Cohen is also president of the Mammoth Shoe Company of which he was the founder. On the 20th of November, 1898, he was married to Miss Celia Barker, a daughter of Dr. A. B. Barker, one of the old residents of Cincinnati. To this union two children. have been born, Rosalind and Daniel, both of whom are attending the public schools. Mr. Cohen is prominent in fraternal orders, being a member of Covington Lodge, A. F. & A. M., the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Maccabees. He is a life member of the Cincinnati Gymnasium, and also belongs to the Cincinnati Commercial Association and the Business Men's Association. He and his family occupy a pleasant home at No. 839 Hudson avenue. Having early learned- the great lesson of self-dependence, he moved steadily forward to the responsible position he now occupies and his example has been a constant inspiration to others to persevere even under the most adverse conditions. His influence has ever been directed along the path of advancement and proficiency. WILLIAM LODGE William Lodge, a prominent representative of industrial activity in Cincinnati, connected with the business interests of the city since 1872, is now president of the Lodge & Shipley Company, manufacturers of machine. tools. It was a far reach from his starting point in business to his present position, nor did he gain this prominence by leaps and bounds but by steady progress along safe business lines, faithfully mastering the duties which each day brought and thus finding strength and inspiration for the labors of the succeeding one. He is one of the pioneers of the present day methods 'of machine tool manufacture and the company of which he is now the head is making a specialty of iron and metal turning lathes. His identification with the machine tool trade in this city covers a period of thirty-nine years. Mr. Lodge arrived here when a young man of about twenty-one. He was born in Leeds, in the County of Yorkshire, England,. May 12, 1848, a son of George Lodge, a skilled mechanic who was connected with the textile industry for which Leeds is noted. The common schools of his native land afforded William Lodge his educational privileges, and as a youth of seventeen he entered upon training in connection with the textile industry, but after a few months secured a position in the machine shops of Fairbairn & Company, of Leeds, as an apprentice. His term of indenture covered four years and brought him to his majority. He then came to the United States and was a resident of Philadelphia from 1869 until 1872, when he arrived in Cincinnati and sought employment with the firm of Steptoe, McFarland, Nottingham & Company, receiving appointment to the position of foreman in their shops. John Steptoe, the senior member of the firm, and in fact the original owner of the business, was the first machine tool manufacturer west of. the Alleghanies. Mr. Lodge spent eight years with Steptoe, McFarland, Nottingham & Company, and on the 1st of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 13 January, 1880, became associated with William Barker in a partnership for the Manufacture of machine tools under the firm style of Lodge, Barker & Company. They conducted a growing and successful business until 1886, when Mr. Barker disposed of his interest to Charles Davis and the firm was reorganized under the name of Lodge & Davis. Six years passed in that connection and in 1892 Mr. Lodge withdrew from the firm which then became Davis & Eagan and later the American Tool Works Company, now one of the important manufacturing concerns of Cincinnati. In the same year Mr. Lodge organized the Lodge & Shipley Company of which he is now president, but began operations under the firm name of the Ohio Machine Tool Company. The plant was located at the corner of Culvert and Pioneer streets, the company purchasing the property formerly used and built by the Walton Iron Works Company. At the outset the Ohio Machine Tool Company employed about twenty-five men and business was continued under that organization until 1893, when the Lodge & Shipley Company was formed. In 1899 they erected on Colerain avenue a modern brick office and factory building, with two hundred and fifty feet frontage and a depth of three hundred feet. To this they removed their office and factory. The business was incorporated with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars and an idea of the growth of the enterprise can be gained from the fact that although the capital stock remains at that figure the company have a surplus of over nine hundred thousand dollars. They own about fourteen acres of ground, largely covered by modern factory buildings, and the Lodge & Shipley lathes and machine tools are today used all over the world. When they removed to their present location on Colerain avenue in 1899 they had ninety employes and now employ over five hundred. The works are modern in every respect and the machinery and equipment are the finest that can be obtained. An expert foreman is at the head of each department with a general superintendent over the whole, and all is under the personal control of Mr. Lodge, who is president and general manager. Murray Shipley, a son of the late Rev. Murray Shipley, is vice president and treasurer of the company. The thorough practical training which Mr. Lodge received in his apprenticeship and during the period of his service in the employ of others well equipped him for the conduct of the business so that he has been able to direct the efforts of those who serve him so as to produce maximum results with a minimum expenditure of time and labor—and this is the secret of all success. Mr. Lodge today stands as a prominent figure in the circles of the trade which he represents. He is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and since 1907 has .served as treasurer of the National Metal Trades Association. The National Machine Tool Association was organized in his office and he became its second president, serving by reelection for two years, after which he was made vice president through the three following years. He is now the vice president of the Associated Organizations of Cincinnati and is president of the Ohio Manufacturers Association. The machine tool industry in this city, of which he has been such a prominent representative, has grown' to gigantic proportions during the period of his residence here. When he started as a manufacturer of machine tools, in 1880 the entire output of all the factories of Cincinnati was less than one hundred thousand dollars a year, while in the 14 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY year 1909 the output of all factories mounted up to over fifteen million dollars. The product is sent to every corner of the globe. Mr. Lodge is looked upon as the dean of the Cincinnati tool manufacturers, there being fourteen of the leading machine tool manufacturers of this city and the immediate vicinity who hold their start in life either directly or indirectly to him. This includes Henry Dreses, of the Dreses Machine Tool Works, who prior to starting business for himself was head draughtsman for the Lodge & Davis Company, William Greaves, of Greaves, Klusman & Company, and many others. It may be safely said that Mr. Lodge has done more for the development of the machine tool trade in Cincinnati than any other man. When the cares of the day have been laid aside Mr. Lodge has always found his pleasure in the companionship of the members of his family. He was married in Cincinnati in 1873 to Miss Mary Grace De Rosa, and unto them have been born two children : Augusta Rose, the wife of Louis J. Dolle, a prominent attorney of Cincinnati and one of the directors of the Lodge & Shipley Company; and Mary Felicia, the wife of L. B. Weber, also a director of the company and its purchasing agent. Mr. Lodge is a thirty-second degree Mason, belonging to Avon Lodge, A. F. & A. M., but holds membership with no other societies aside from the trade organizations previously mentioned. He is classed with the citizens of English birth who have found in the freedom and appreciation of this great western world the business opportunities which they sought and through their improvement have attained substantial success. The methods he has ever employed have awakened the approval and admiration of the many for the world pays its tribute to him who through enterprise, unfailing effort and clear sighted judgment makes substantial advance in the business. world without infringing on the rights and privileges of others. WILLIAM GOODMAN. William Goodman, who came to Cincinnati in 1817, remained a prominent and respected resident of this city until his death in August, 1876, and was from its incorporation with the Washington Insurance Company. His birth occurred at West Hartford, Connecticut, in October, 1797, his parents being Moses and Amy (Seymour) Goodman. He was reared and educated in his native town and in 1817, when a young man of twenty years, took up his abode in Cincinnati, having made his way down the Ohio river in a flatboat. Here he turned his attention to general mercantile pursuits, conducting a dry goods store on Pearl street. About 1835 he became president of the Washington Insurance Company of Cincinnati, holding that important position until his death in August, 1876. He was likewise a director of the Hamilton & Dayton Railroad and was connected with the Cincinnati Observatory as one of its officers. On the 27th of July, 1828, at Boston. Massachusetts, Mr. Goodman was married to Miss Margaret Rand Adams, a daughter of Dr. Samuel and Margaret (Austin) Adams. They had the following children : Fanny, who is now the widow of L. B. Harrison, Emma, who married J. 0. Eaton ; and William Austin CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 15 Goodman, whose wife was Miss Grace H. Griswold, and who has been a practicing attorney of Cincinnati since 1869. Mr. Goodman was a whig in early manhood, and a stanch supporter of Henry Clay. Subsequently he became a republican and an abolitionist. A loyal and public-spirited citizen, he did all in his power to promote the welfare and growth of Cincinnati, withholding his aid from no movement that promised to advance its interests. He was a member of the school board, a trustee of the Hughes high school and treasurer of the Hughes fund. In religious faith he was a Unitarian. He is still remembered as one of the honored pioneers of Cincinnati and one whose labors contributed in substantial measure to its development along many lines. ELBERT E. BECK. A progressive development has brought Elbert E. Beck to the position which he now occupies, that of president and treasurer of the E. E. Beck Lumber Company, in which dual capacity he has served since the incorporation of the business on the 20th of December, 1904. He was born at Mount Summit, Hamilton county, Ohio, August 9, 1875, a son of Edwin D. and Agnes D. (Shepard) Beck. The family is of English origin but has been represented in America for about one hundred and fifty years, settlement being made by the original American ancestors in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, while later the family became known in Bethel, Clermont county, Ohio. Edwin D. Beck became proprietor of a store at Tobasco, Ohio, but died in 1882 at the age of thirty-one years, when his son Elbert was a little lad of seven summers. His remains were laid to rest at Bethel, Ohio. His widow still survives and now makes her home in Hamlet, Ohio. John Beck, an uncle of Elbert E. Beck, was a soldier of the Civil war, honorably discharged at the close of. hostilities, and now resides in Hamlet, Ohio. In the little country schoolhouse of but one room Elbert E. Beck pursued his education. His advantages in that direction were very limited but he made good use of his time and talents and has embraced every opportunity for broadening his knowledge, recognizing the fact that upon wide general learning the superstructure of success is firmly built. He was obliged to leave school, however, at the age of sixteen years, and because of his father's early death had to assist during the summer months in the development and improvement of his grandfather's farm. He continued to devote his attention to general agricultural pursuits until his nineteenth year when, believing that he would have a better chance for advancement in the city, he came to Cincinnati and secured employment with the E. Sullivan Company as a junior clerk at four dollars per week. There he remained three years, after which he resigned to accept better opportunities that were held out to him elsewhere. He became bookkeeper for the C. Crane Company in the box department and after a short period was promoted to the position of manager of it, in which he remained until the firm discontinued that department. He was then transferred to the lumber department as a salesman and for about two years continued in that position. He 16 - CINCINNATI-THE QUEEN CITY was afterward manager of the sales department, resigning that position to begin business on his own account as a dealer in hard wood lumber, in July, 1901. His capital consisted of but two hundred dollars, but he managed to obtain credit and was soon able to place his business upon a profitable basis, its continued growth bringing him substantial returns. He carried on the enterprise under his own name until its incorporation in 1904 as the E. E. Beck Lumber Company, with offices and yards at Liberty and McLean avenues. 'The patronage of the house has steadily increased until the business has now assumed extensive proportions and returns to the stockholders a gratifying income on the investment. The yard covers a space of four hundred and twenty-five by one hundred feet and leading mills supply him with an excellent line of hard wood lumber. He is also a director of the Wilson Paint & Glass Company, and the years have chronicled his continuous progress in business since as a boy he started out to earn his own livelihood. On the 26th of July, 1899, occurred the marriage in Cincinnati of Mr. Beck and. Miss Anna McCall, a daughter of Albert G. McCall, a well known mill-wright who engaged in building elevators and did much construction work. He was one of the early residents of the city, coming here about fifty years ago from Brown county, Ohio. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Beck have been born two daughters and a son : Dorothy, who is attending the Lincoln school ; Arnetta, four years of age; and Edwin E. Mr. Beck has purchased a pleasant home at No. 419 Delta avenue and he and his wife delight in extending its hospitality to their many friends. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has served as judge and clerk of elections but has never been a politician in the sense of office-seeking, for he prefers to give undivided attention to his business affairs and in the development of his interests' has won a goodly measure of that success which is the legitimate goal of all endeavor. LEVI ADDISON AULT. No record of the successful men of Cincinnati would be complete without adequate mention of Levi Addison Ault, whose name is associated with one of the most important manufacturing enterprises in the city. For more than thirty years he has been engaged in the manufacture of printers' inks and colors and the Ault & Wiborg Company of which he is the head is now the largest concern of the kind in the world. He was born at Mille Roches, Ontario, Canada, November 24, 1851, a son of. Simon W. and Caroline (Brownell) Ault. The father was a cloth manufacturer and it was from him that the son inherited the talent which he has applied with such good effect in his life vocation. The ancestry of the Ault family has been traced to Ault, Picardy, France. At the time. of the Huguenot massacre in France members of the family escaped to Holland and thence in 178o came to America, settling in Canada. The Brownell family is of English origin. The early progenitors in America arrived in Connecticut in Colonial times. Being friendly to the King of England, in 1776 the descendants fled to Canada: CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 19 Mr. Ault of this review received his early education in the common schools and the Cornwall grammar school. After laying his books aside he devoted his attention for five years to bookkeeping and in 1878 began on a modest scale in the manufacture of printers' inks. As the years passed the business grew and the Ault & Wiborg Company now occupies one of the most complete plants of the kind that has ever been erected and sends its products to all the civilized countries of the globe. Mr. Ault has witnessed various fluctuations in the course of his business life but never yielded to discouragement. By the application of strict business principles, good judgment and fair dealing the company has reached the front rank. Its achievements are the result of harmonious cooperation of the various departments tinder the constant care and watchfulness of competent leadership and its great success has been honorably gained and is well deserved. In addition to his manufacturing interests Mr. Ault is a member of 'the board of directors of the First National Bank. On the 23d of October, 1878, at Cincinnati, he was married to Miss Ida May Holtzinger, a daughter of Henry E. and Angie Holtzinger, the latter of whom died when her daughter was four years of age. They have one son, Lee Brownell, who married Miss Hildegarde von Steinwehe. Politically Mr. Ault is an adherent of the republican party in national affairs but he is an advocate of a business administration in city government and at home elections votes independently. He has taken a great interest in beautifying the city and was appointed by the mayor in 1906 as president of a commission of leading citizens to develop a park system for Cincinnati., This work was completed in 1908 and Mr. Ault has served most acceptably for three years as president of the first park commission. In May, 1911, he donated to the city of Cincinnati a tract of land comprising approximately one hundred and fifty acres and overlooking the Ohio river on Madison road. This great tract is to be known as Ault Park and is a splendid addition to the park' system of the city. Mr. Ault is a valued member of the Commercial, Queen City and Country Clubs and in religious belief adheres to the Unitarian church. He has through his ability, integrity and public spirit won an honorable place in his adopted city and has no cause to regret his selection of Cincinnati as a home, for here he has found friends and fortune. FERDINAND JELKE, SR. So engrossed at times becomes the struggle for success in business that energy and effort are concentrated upon its attainment to the exclusion of all else, but here and there are found men whose purposes are wider and whose interests are broader. While steadily progressing toward the goal of prosperity they do not fear to turn aside to meet their obligations' toward their fellowmen, but extend a helping hand where aid is needed and speak a word of encouragement when despair seems likely to overwhelm a fellow traveler upon life's journey. To this latter class of men 'belonged Ferdinand Jelke, Sr., and one of the uppermost traits in his nature was his loyalty to every cause which he espoused. 20 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY His life history contains many points of interest to his friends. A native of Germany, Mr. Jelke was born in Nordhausen, September 29, 1829. His parents, John Henry Christopher and Elizabeth (Konig) Jelke, spent their entire lives in Germany and in that country Ferdinand Jelke remained until ten years of age, when he crossed the Atlantic to America with an older sister. They located first in Albany, New York, but after a short time came to Cincinnati, and the education which Mr. Jelke had begun in the fatherland and had continued in Albany was further pursued in Cincinnati. However, he soon began working in order to provide for his own support, and it was only at night school that he had the opportunity of continuing his education. When quite young he began to work at the cooper's trade, which he followed on the bank of the canal within a short distance of the courthouse. It was his desire, however, to become connected with other phases of business life and to this end he pursued a thorough course of study in Nelson's Business College, probably the first institution of that character in Cincinnati and one from which many merchants went forth to successful careers. Subsequently Mr. Jelke became the assistant of Professor Nelson in the writing and publishing of a mercantile arithmetic. Following his commercial course he served as bookkeeper with various firms, and in 1850, in the same capacity, entered the employ of Straight, Deming & Company, commission merchants on Vine street, below Second. Here he laid the foundation for the great success which he afterward achieved in business. He spent about eighteen months. with that firm and then began business in the same line on his own account, forming a partnership with Joseph Brown and Charles Bacon under the firm style of Brown, Jelke & Company, opening a store at No. 27 Walnut street, where they were located until the time of the great flood, when they removed to 53 Walnut street, where the business is still continued under the firm name of F. Jelke & Sons Company, commission merchants. For fifty-five years Mr. Jelke was continuously connected with the business and the success he achieved was the measure of his ability, for he worked his way upward from a very humble financial position in the business world. After the commission business had been established on a profitable basis Mr. Jelke bought out the interest of his original partners. Later he was associated for a time with Mr. Simpson, but was always at the head of the firm, and success came as the reward of persistent, earnest effort, and the continuance of the extensive policy upon which the business was founded. The house had many trying experiences during the war when the outcome of all business was uncertain. He was a merchant of the old school, having formed his business habits and become identified with the commercial life of Cincinnati when the city was in the making. In the early days, when the river was such a feature in the development of the middle west, he traded from Pittsburg to New Orleans, suffering occasional losses but steadily winning success. During the war the Confederates captured one of his cargoes at Natchez. Early in his career he became connected with the Chamber of Commerce of which, at the time of his death, he was one of the oldest members, and was then serving his second term as president of another municipal organization, the Produce Exchange, which on the occasion of his seventy-fifth birthday, in generous appreciation of his usefulness, presented him with a handsome smoking service. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 21 On the 15th of March, 1855, Mr. Jelke was united in marriage to Miss Louisa Taylor Faris, the wedding ceremony being performed by Dr. Nathaniel West, of the Central Presbyterian church. Mrs. Jelke was a daughter of John and Grace (McDonald) Faris, who were born, reared and married in Ireland, but came to the new world during the infancy of their daughter Louisa. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Jelke were born eight children, of whom five are living. The surviving children are : John Faris, now a resident of Chicago, who married Luella Frazier of Charleston, Illinois, and who have two sons, Ferdinand F. and John F., Jr.; Grace F., who married Robert A. Woolridge, of Baltimore, Maryland, and has three children, Isabel J., Grace L. and Mary G.; Judge Ferdinand Jelke, Jr., presiding over the circuit court of Cincinnati, who married Daisy Spencer of this city, and who have one son, Ferdinand III ; Dr. William F. Jelke, living on a farm in Ohio ; and Isabelle, living at home. Of the three children of the family who passed away Isabella and Joseph died in childhood, while Jennie B. Jelke lived to a beautiful womanhood. The death of the husband and father occurred March 18, 1905, and he was laid to rest in Spring Grove cemetery. He had long been a devoted and faithful member of the Presbyterian church, in which he served as a trustee and in other offices. He originally held membership in the Central Presbyterian church, but afterward united with the Avondale Presbyterian church. About 1880 he purchased five acres of land in Avondale, the present fine residence thereon being occupied by his widow and daughter, Isabel. He left to his family the comfortable competence which he had acquired through his own efforts. The Masonic fraternity found in him a worthy exemplar and in his young manhood he was an active member of the Turner Society. His early political allegiance was given to the democracy, but- upon the organization of the republican party he chose its ranks and remained one of its stalwart advocates. Mr. Jelke called his home on Clifton Springs avenue "Nordhausen," in memory of his birthplace, and there it was that the funeral services were held on the 21st of March, 1905, three days after death had come to him. In his funeral service the Rev. Charles Frederick Goss said : "It was impossible to come into close contact with the man without realizing that he possessed a striking personality, some of the characteristics of which are worthy of more than passing notice. Undoubtedly he was a dangerous competitor in the struggle for business, and fought his rivals fearlessly and relentlessly ; but he fought them in the open. He took his business seriously. To him it was no child's play, no holiday parade, but a struggle for existence in which the fittest had the right to survive. He realized that other men were straining every power to snatch the prizes from his grasp, some by fair means and some by foul. To outreach them, but not to overreach them, gave him the stern joy which warriors feel in foemen worthy of their steel. To the achievement of this triumph he consecrated more days of the year and more hours of the day than any other man whom some of us, at least, have ever known. But there was one rule of the game to which he resolutely adhered, and that was to play fair. Being scrupulously honest himself, he insisted that others should be, and regarded unflinchingly adherence to the obligations of a contract as the fundamental law of this fierce battle in the commercial arena. He exacted this obedience from others with uncompromising resolution but he rendered it back to them without 22 - CINCINNATI— THE QUEEN CITY exaction and never shrank from taking his medicine in a bad bargain. Such honest but relentless fighters do not always win affection from their competitors, but they do inspire respect. Neither do they always cherish the tenderest feelings of consideration for those with whom this, too often pitiless, struggle is carried on. But it often happens that those associated with them or dependent upon them are permitted to perceive a strange softness underneath this hardness ; a strange tenderness within this relentlessness; and it was so in this case. Plain people, like the street. car men on the Avondale line, who could almost set their watches by his coming and going, gave evidence by their interest in his welfare that they had penetrated into the sanctuary of his gentle spirit. But it is within, the domestic circle that such natures can only be truly and perfectly known. Upon the members of their .own family men like Mr. Jelke are wont to lavish the treasures of their love. To his wife and children he was not the stern man of business, but the considerate, sympathetic and bountiful husband and father. His hearthstone was an altar upon which he sacrificed himself with the ardor and abandonment of a devotee. And yet his strength was not consumed in sweetness, for he as resolutely held his place at the head of the family as at the head of his business. To provide for the physical, moral and spiritual needs of his family, to foster their interests and to upbuild their welfare, was a divine vocation. To his children he generously and urgently offered the advantages of the best schools in America and Europe." Such in brief is the life history of Ferdinand Jelke—a history that may well serve as an example and encouragement to others, showing what may be accomplished when one is resolute, determined and honest. In youth ambition told to him the story of what might be accomplished and persistency of purpose never faltered until the goal was reached. He proved that success and an honored name may be won simultaneously, yet success was not the whole end and aim of his life, for his associates found him a faithful friend, his church a devoted member, and his family a most loyal and loving husband and father. FRANKLIN ALTER. The name of Franklin Alter is found high on the roll of Cincinnati's capable, distinguished and honored citizens. He has ever tried to make all his acts and commercial moves the result of definite consideration and sound judgment. There have never been any great ventures or risks in his career but on the contrary he has practiced honest, slow-growing business methods which have been based upon the foundation of energy and well developed system. It is not alone in the field of business, however, that his labors have been a valued contribution to the upbuilding of Cincinnati. In other connections he has done important public service and it is due to his efforts that the city has been saved several millions of dollars through management of municipal affairs entrusted to his care. In a business way he is perhaps best known as the president of the American Tool Works and as vice president of the Farmers & Shippers Tobacco Company. Although in his eighty-first year and deserving the right to retire from the cares CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 25 of business, he continues in active connection with affairs through a sense of duty to his many hundreds of employes. Mr. Alter was born at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, October 28, 1831, and has therefore now attained the age of eighty years. His education was acquired in the schools of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and he early faced the necessity of providing for his own support. He spent a portion of his young manhood in Baltimore, Maryland, and after three years in that city went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, when in his twentieth year. He took passage at Pittsburg on a vessel that would carry him down the Ohio river, his destination being New Orleans.. He landed at Cincinnati, intending to remain but a brief, period, but business. conditions which he found here and the future outlook of the city were so bright and encouraging that he determined to remain. He immediately sought a. position and his alert, enterprising manner soon won him a clerkship in the hardware house of R. W. Booth & Company. Diligence and determination were the foundation principles of his advancement and three years after first becoming connected with the business he was admitted to a partnership and was made general manager of what was then one of the most extensive concerns of Cincinnati. His connection with the business continued until 1862, when he disposed of this interests and became one of the organizers of the firm of Prichard, Alter & Company, manufacturers and jobbers of boots and shoes. Mr. Alter bent his indefatigable energy and sound business judgment to the management of the interests for the new company, which was soon established upon a paying basis. Later he purchased Mr. Prichard's interest and after other changes in the personnel of the partnership organized the firm of Alter, Forwood & Company, under which style was conducted the largest business of the kind in the city. In September, 1892, he organized the Alter & Julien Company, its successors, the Julien-Cohenge Company being now one of the leading shoe manufacturing concerns of Ohio, engaged in the manufacture of ladies' fine shoes. While never taking useless risks, Mr. Alter has never feared to venture where favoring opportunity has led the way and in critical moments his sound judgment has been proven in his able and successful management of important affairs. The disturbances in banking circles which made the year 1884 a memorable one called forth the splendid business ability and keen insight of Mr. Alter as a financier, for in that year he was elected president of the Exchange National Bank of Cincinnati, of which he had been a director from its organization in 1881. His wise control of its affairs brought the bank safely through that critical period and in 1881 he was instrumental in effecting its consolidation with the Cincinnati National Bank. Not wishing to give his time entirely to the banking business, Mr. Alter did not care to become president and accepted the vice presidency of the consolidated concerns. He is now a director of the First National Bank of Cincinnati and in commercial circles has extended his efforts to several important corporations. In 1902 he became the president of the American Tool Works Company, of which his son, Robert S. Alter, is secretary. He is likewise the vice president of the Farmers & Shippers Tobacco Company of Cincinnati, yet his attention has not been confined to business affairs to the exclusion of all other interests. The public weal has demanded his service and his work of retrenchment in public expenditures would alone entitle him to definite. consideration as a lead- Vol. III-2 26 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ing citizen of Cincinnati. Some years ago he was called to the position of a member of the board of control, which was created by the legislature to check frauds on the county and supervise and regulate the expenditure of public money. His fellow members of the board elected him as president and in this connection he saved to the county several million dollars. In 1899 he was appointed a member of the board of trustees of the sinking fund of Cincinnati and on the expiration of his first term of five years he was reappointed by the superior court. In his political views Mr. Alter is a democrat, yet was strongly supported for the office of the member of the board of control by leading republicans who recognized his superior capabilities for the duties of the position. In this connection a contemporary biographer has written : "His wide experience as a financier, his personal integrity and his intimate acquaintance with the taxpaying community rendered him peculiarly desirable for this office of trust and responsibility. He belongs to that class of civilians who ably serve the public, regardless of party lines, and who take part in public affairs for the purpose of making office holding subservient to the peace and well being of the people." He has often been solicited to run for mayor of the city but positively declined to become a candidate, as his extensive business interests would not admit of his giving the necessary time to the office. Other city, state and federal positions have been tendered him but he has always declined, owing to the demands of his private business affairs. He is one of Cincinnati's most liberal and public-spirited residents and no movement pertaining to the welfare and progress of the city seeks his aid in vain. Strong in his individuality, strong in his ability to plan and perform, strong in his honor and his good name, he stands today in the light of success just where he stood in early manhood as the advocate of all that is best in citizenship and all that is honorable in business and in private life. No one more deserves the somewhat hackneyed but always expressive title of a self-made man, for as the result of close application and energy intelligently applied, he is today one of the most prosperous residents of Cincinnati, but high above his success he cherishes the respect and honor of his fellowmen, which has been worthily won and well merited. Mr. Alter is a member of all the leading clubs and business organizations of the city and helped in the organization of many of them. He is senior warden of the Avondale Episcopal church and active in charitable and church work. GENERAL JAMES FINDLAY. The name of General James Findlay is inseparably interwoven with the early history of Cincinnati, where his labors constituted an element in growth and progress and in shaping the pubilc policy. A man of irreproachable integrity in public as well as in private affairs, he did much to stimulate interest in this section of the country and to introduce, into the early system of government such methods and measures as would work, not only for immediate benefit, but took account of future exigencies and possibilities. In all of his public service he was actuated by an interest in the general welfare that none questioned. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 27 A native of Pennsylvania, General Findlay was born in Franklin county, October 28, 1770, and was one of a family of seven sons—John, William, James, Samuel, Jonathan, Thomas and Nathan—whose parents were Samuel and Jean (Smith) Findlay. With the exception of Samuel Findlay, Jr., who died in early life, all of the sons reached adult age and became prominent, especially in connection with political interests. They were supporters of democratic principles and held leading offices, John Findlay serving as a member of congress from the Chambersburg district of Pennsylvania, while William represented his district in the national halls of legislation from 1803 until 1817, and was governor of Pennsylvania from 1817 until 1820. The following year he was chosen to represent his district in the United States senate, of which he was a member for six years. Thus he was connected with congress in the lower and upper houses altogether for twenty years. James Findlay, of this review, spent his youthful days in the Keystone state, there acquired his education and, while still a resident of Pennsylvania, was married. Accompanied by his wife, Mrs. Jane (Irwin) Findlay, he left Pennsylvania in 1793 and, traveling on horseback by way of ,Virginia and Kentucky, at length reached Cincinnati, which was then a tiny village on the western frontier. This was not only long before the era of railroad building, but long before the national road was built across the mountains to the west, furnishing a highway of travel, so that most of those who sought to penetrate into the interior of the country made the journey down the Ohio river, and the arrival of a boat was always a matter of deep interest to the early citizens, bringing them the news from the old and more thickly settled east. General Findlay was a lawyer by profession, and for a number of years after his arrival held the position of receiver of public moneys in the land office. In 1802 he was made marshal of the district of Ohio, his commission being signed by Thomas Jefferson and Charles Madison. In 1805-6 he served as mayor of Cincinnati, and that his fellow townsmen appreciated the worth and value of his service during that term is indicated in the fact that he was reelected and again served in 1810-11. The following year saw the country again involved in war with England and, with military ardor, General Findlay responded to the .country's call and served as colonel of a regiment, which was present with the American forces at Detroit at the time of Hull's surrender. The family correspondence includes a letter from Uncle Nathan to Aunt Findlay, reading in part as follows : "They wanted James to put Hull in irons but he would not, as he said there is no precedent for it." For his meritorious conduct in war General Findlay was shortly promoted to the rank of brigadier general of the Ohio State Militia, with which he served for a long term, taking part in those Military movements which were so necessary during the early period of our country's development as civilization was extended westward and the settlers needed the protection of military companies against the marauding and hostile bands of Indians. While connected with the state militia General Findlay erected Fort Findlay, from which the town of Findlay in Hancock county, Ohio, derives its name. General Findlay continued throughout his life a prominent factor in public connections. From 1819 until 1821 he was representative of the Cincinnati district of Ohio at Washington, and again served in that capacity from 1825 28 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY until 1828. His brothers, Governor William Findlay and Colonel John Findlay were also in congress at that time, "presenting the unusual spectacle of three brothers sitting in the congress of the United States at one time—a spectacle only once paralleled in the history of the government, namely : the Washburn brothers." General Findlay was one of the proprietors of Liberty Hall and the Cincinnati Gazette. He was a man of fine presence and "looked as one born to command." Jane F. Torrence Sargent has written as follows : "He was very generous in his religious ideas. At that time no Roman Catholic could buy land in Cincinnati. Uncle Findlay bought and gave the first piece of land owned by the Roman Catholics in Cincinnati. This was told me by an old Miss Perry, who once a year until she died made a pilgrimage to his grave and prayed for his soul. Another story tells of General Findlay and Nicholas Longworth. The latter owned the house of poor tenants who had made all but one payment and begged for more time. Foreclosing was old Nick's long suit. The General listened and finally said : 'May it please your Honor, a gentleman would not do this, a humane man would not, and I'll be damned if a rascal shall.' The General then paid the money and gave the tenants their land." From an earlier history of Hamilton county we quote as follows : "The public territory immediately west of the great Miami was surveyed in 1799 and 1800 and the first sales under the act of congress, putting it into the market, were held at the newly established land office in Cincinnati under the direction of the receiver, General James Findlay, beginning the first Monday in April, 1801, by public vendue." Colonel Israel Ludlow was the first register and General James Findlay the first receiver. In 1819 the latter had his office in the hotel at No. 30 North Front street. From the same history we quote the following: "Early in the spring of 1812 the president made a requisition upon the state of Ohio for twelve hundred militia. . . . Another Cincinnati soldier, James Findlay, although a general in the militia, consented to take a colonel's place. . . . General Meigs formerly surrendered the command of the Ohio contingent to General Hull of the United States army, who was to lead it away to a disgraceful surrender at Detroit. . . . The entire regiment commanded by General Findlay was from Miami county. . . . Joseph Longworth, in an after-dinner speech on the occasion of the forty-fifth anniversary of the settlement of Cincinnati and the Miami country, which was celebrated on the 26th of December, 1833, by the natives of Ohio, said : 'It is unnecessary for me to speak of the military services of my long-tried and valued friend immediately on my right—General Findlay. It is well known that at the head of a gallant regiment of volunteers disciplined by himself, he served in the first northwestern campaign of the late war. It is equally well known that if his advice and that of his gallant compeers had been adopted, the campaign would have had a different result and the honor of our arms would not have been tarnished by an inglorious surrender.' " The first members of a legislative council .in 1799 included Jacob Burnet, James Findlay, Henry Vandenburgh, Robert Oliver, David Vance and Dr. Tiffin, the last named being speaker of the house. A historian of an earlier day says of General Findlay : "Naturally reserved in manner, he presented to strangers an air of austerity, but to those who knew CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 29 him he was the soul of kindness and geniality. He possessed great decision of character, was just in all his dealings with men and maintained through life an unsullied reputation. It was such men who established Cincinnati upon the substantial foundation upon which it rests and thus, unconsciously yet surely, wrote their names indelibly upon the pages of its history." ALBERT WHEELER SCHELL. The insurance business has shown great development during the last quarter of a century, especially in the large cities, and the men who manage the agencies are among the most active and efficient factors in metropolitan life. Of this number is Albert W. Schell, of Cincinnati. He is a native of Geneva, New York, born December 14, 1861, and is a son of Henry C. Schell, who was born in England in 1827. The father came to America and engaged in the insurance and banking business at Geneva. In 1872 he was invited by J. B. Bennett, an organizer of several insurance companies, to come to Cincinnati and accept the position of superintendent of agencies for the Amazone Insurance Company. He accepted the invitation, but in 1877 resigned from his position and started the Queen City Fire Insurance Agency, which became a leading concern of the kind in the city. The mother of our subject, Harriet C. Black before her marriage, was a native of Virginia and the mother of eight children, all of whom are now living, namely : Robert H., of Jonesville, Michigan ; Evelyn, the widow of William A. Widney, of Washington, D. C. ; William Frederick, of Wichita, Kansas; Richard D., who lives in New York city ; Phylena, who is the wife of George C. Chambers, of Hagerstown, Maryland ; Albert W., of this review; John D., of Chicago ; and Harriet C., who is now the wife of Frank D. Bristley, of Indianapolis. Albert W. Schell received his early education in the public schools of Geneva and Cincinnati and grew up under highly favorable conditions for an active and useful business life. In 1879, at the age of eighteen years, he entered the insurance business under his father and has ever since been connected with insurance interests. He was made district manager of the Hartford Fire Insurance Company January 1, 1897, and represents many of the leading companies of this country and Europe, including the Commercial Union Assurance Company, the Phoenix Assurance Company and the Employers' Liability Assurance Corporation, all of England ; also the Commonwealth Insurance Company and the New York Plate Glass Insurance Company, both of New York ; and the Steam. Boiler & Inspection Company of Hartford, Connecticut, and several other important organizations. Possessing a good address he readily makes friends and his progress from the beginning of his business career has been steadily forward. On the 4th of September, 1889, Mr. Schell was married to Miss Alice B. West, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of Robert H. and Katherine (Wunder) West. Two children have blessed this union : Albert West, who is now a student in the fire prevention engineering course of the Armour Institute of Chicago ; and Katherine. 30 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Schell is a man of activity, energy and integrity and has a remarkably thorough knowledge of matters pertaining to insurance. He conscientiously guards the interests of his clients and his business has increased from year to year until he is now one of the leading agency men of the city. Politically he is independent, voting for the man rather than the party. He holds membership in the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and the Business Men's Club and is always interested in their work. He is a sincere believer in the Christian religion and is now serving as junior warden of Grace Episcopal church of Avondale, being also an active worker of the EpCHRISTIEChurch Club. WILLIAM CHRISTIE HERRON. It has often been asserted that the successful business men of America are wholly absorbed in their efforts to build up an immense enterprise and attain wealth. While this may be true in many instances there are also many exceptions and men who have been prominent in business have been equally efficient in their efforts to advance Christian and philanthropic work and to disseminate the nobler ideas which are forces for a better civilization. To this class belonged William Christie Herron, long prominently known as a leading iron merchant and banker of Cincinnati but equally widely known for his support of many interests which reached helpfully toward the necessitous. William Christie Herron was born in Cincinnati, September 1, 1843, a son of Professor Joseph Herron, one of the early residents of this city and for years principal and president of the Boys Academy here. He was a native of Pennsylvania while his wife, who bore the maiden name of Cordelia Weeks, was born in the state of New York. William Christie Herron was educated in his father's school and the careful direction of his intellectual development constituted one of the forces of his success in later life. He was a young man in his later teens when the country became involved in civil war, and answering the call for volunteers .he joined the navy, continuing in active service until after hostilities ceased. When the war ended he embarked in the hardware business in this city and afterward opened a similar establishment in Dayton, Ohio. As the years advanced his success increased, owing to capable management and close application. In 1891 when he retired from active business he was a member of the iron firm of Rogers, Brown & Company, and had been very successful. He was also at one time the vice president of the American National Bank, so continuing until it was. merged into the Fifth-Third Bank, of which he became a director. As he prospered in his undertakings William Christie Herron gladly availed himself of the opportunity to aid benevolent and philanthropic enterprises. He served as the vice president of the Young Men's Christian Association, was a trustee of Christ Hospital and the Deaconess Home, also of the Associated Charities and many other benevolent institutions. He was likewise deeply interested in the national universal movement for peace and at one time was president of the Cincinnati branch of the Universal Peace Society. He was likewise a prominent member of the Loyal Legion and of the Business Men's CINCINNATI— THE QUEEN CITY - 33 Club and he attended all of the important business conferences of the bishops of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Herron was a member of the official board of the Methodist Episcopal church and was made a member of the book committee. William Christie Herron was twice married. He first wedded Miss Laura Winchel, a daughter of George Winchel, an early settler here, and they had two sons : George William, now living in Portland, Oregon ; and Mason Parker, a resident of this city. In 1886, in Cincinnati, William Christie Herron wedded Anna E. Fish, a native of Oneonta, New York. Mrs. Herron shared in her husband's work in behalf of charitable enterprises, taking a very active interest in the church and serving as first vice president of the National Woman's Home Missionary Society. She is also a member of the Cincinnati Woman's Club and was its president from 1890 until 1892. The death of William Christie Herron occurred May 21, 1909. He had lived a life in harmony with the tenets of the Masonic fraternity in which he had attained the thirty-second degree. His political support was given to the republican party and his allegiance to every cause or principle in which he believed, was an element for good and progress in that direction. PHILIP HURLEY. Colleges and universities confer their degrees, and after the names of many men are written initial letters which indicate what they have accomplished in educational lines. The work to which Philip Hurley gave his life confers no degree, but after his name should be written the word Hero. Tales of early chivalry and the stories of warfare present no stronger picture of heroism than is found in the lives of the men who constantly face danger and death in fighting fires. The dread messenger stalks side by side with them when they are on active duty and Philip Hurley at last gave his life as a sacrifice to the cause which he had so long valiantly served, his death resulting from an accident at a fire in December, 1910. Mr. Hurley was born in Cincinnati in 1855. He was educated in the public schools, and up to the time he went into the fire department was connected with the rolling mills, of which this city had many in those days. Mr. Hurley first became identified with the fire department in 1880, passing away the day before the thirtieth anniversary of his connection therewith. Three years he was on duty as an ordinary fireman and then his ability won him promotion. In 1884' he was commissioned a lieutenant and five years later was promoted to a captaincy. Beginning in 1889, he was in charge of Fire Company No. 2 at Freeman avenue and Ninth street for twelve years, and in 1901 he came to his final promotion as district fire marshal, after which he continued to make that fire house his headquarters. Throughout the years of his service Mr. Hurley was again and again engaged, in active and arduous duty, being the veteran of numerous hard-fought fires in which he sustained many accidents. At different times he was badly hurt, and on other occasions his injuries were more slight, but never did he falter in the 34 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY face of danger and death. He went where duty led, responding with promptness and alacrity that showed that his whole interest was in the preservation of property or life endangered by the fire. At length, in the week between Christmas and New Year of 1910,. when holiday festivities were at their height, he was called to fight a fire on Sycamore street. In this fire there was in use what is known as a deluge nozzle, an arrangement whereby water is thrown in three different directions, which requires an enormous pressure. The deluge had been placed in position but the water was not striking the fire exactly right and Marshal Hurley himself gave the order to change it. In lowering the affair the support was weakened and it collapsed, knocking Mr. Hurley from the building on which he was standing. He was immediately taken to the City Hospital, where at first it was thought that his injuries were comparatively slight, but after a few days he passed away. During the brief period of his stay in the hospital his pleasant manner and his cheery smile had endeared him to physicians and nurses and the same kindly, genial nature had gained him friends throughout his entire life. In 1881 Philip Hurley had been united in marriage to Miss Mary Hussey, who survives him, as do their two sons, Edward M. and Walter, aged respectively twenty-five and twenty-three years. He was most devoted to his family; was loyal in his friendships, faithful in his church relations and unfaltering in his devotion to the work to which he ultimately gave his life. His chief said of him : "Philip Hurley, besides being a fireman of the highest possible quality, was a fire marshal in every capacity of that official position." The following tributes came from his assistants and the office force : "In the office of the fire .department his advice never failed to be regarded by the chief and his associates as other than most valuable, and in consultation concerning :hanges of apparatus, transfers of members, etc., Hurley's counsel was always regarded as expedient." "As Marshal Ney was to Napoleon, so also was Hur.ey to Chief Archibald." "He was a powerful commander of his men as well as kind. and most considerate. He was generous to a fault and his charitable Ind sympathetic disposition won for him the admiration of all who knew him."' `He was especially well liked in the office of the department, where his jovial :lisposition will be missed for a long time to come." "He had keen sympathy for sadness, as well as a full appreciation for the droll and ludicrous ; in all he was high keyed, both intellectually and physically. His loss will, long be mourned." Mr. Hurley belonged to the Congress Club and to the Catholic Knights. He long held membership in St. Edward's church, and it was there that the funeral services were held. While his remains lay in state in his home and afterward in the church, thousands of people passed by in review. His death was most :leeply mourned outside of his family among his comrades in the service, where he had the love and esteem of all who knew him. As a mark of respect the west end business houses were closed when the funeral cortege was passing on its way to the cemetery. In the funeral service Father Welch, a personal friend of the dead fire hero, said : "His life was filled with noble deeds, with acts of kindness, of charity and sweet tenderness. To know him was to admire and to love him. His home life was a beautiful song—it was an example of love and devotion. His life CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 35 was devoted to those dear ones at home and he was ever ready to sacrifice for them; and then it was devoted to his fellow citizens and ever ready for a sacrifice for the protection of them and their property. Captain Hurley was a man of God. What nobler tribute can be paid a man than to say that he is a man of God? He was a man who was a true Catholic but who respected the rights and the conscience of others. He was as broad-minded as he was brave and as noble as he was broad-minded. He was a man not afraid to follow the dictates of his own conscience and he respected other men, no matter what their religion, their creed, their race, or their color, who were not afraid to follow the dictates of their conscience. What more can be said of him han his chief said of him ? 'He was a man!’" There are many who bear testimony to the bravery of Philip Hurley, some claiming that they owe their lives to his heroism, others acknowledging their indebtedness for property saved through his devotion to duty. In other relations of life he displayed qualities of equally noble mold, and an indication of the esteem and love entertained for him was found in the hundreds of beautiful floral emblems which were laid upon his coffin and later rested around his burial place. His name will be forever inscribed upon the pages of Cincinnati's heroes—men whose personal bravery in the performance of duty o'ertopped every other consideration. ADOLPH C. WEISS. It is a far reach from the position of cash boy to that of secretary and treasurer of an important business enterprise, but such is the record that Adolph C. Weiss has made since he first started out in the world on his own account. Earnest, persistent work, intelligently directed, has been the means of his advancement. He was born in Cincinnati, October 25, 1863, and his life record is another proof of the fact that a large percentage of the leading business men here trace their ancestry back to or have had their nativity in Germany. Both of his parents, Charles Henry and Eliza (Sauer) Weiss, were natives of Germany, where the father was born in 1828 and the mother in 1841. He was a tailor by trade and devoted many years of his life to that pursuit. He reached the age of seventy-eight years, passing away in 1906. In their family were five children, of whom four are living: Adolph C. ; William, now a resident of Davenport, Iowa ; Matilda, the wife of James L. Haven, of Cincinnati ; and Emma, who is the wife of George Helmer, a resident of Waukesha, Wisconsin. Adolph C. Weiss was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, his boyhood days being passed in the usual manner of lads of that period who devoted their time to the work of the schoolroom, the pleasures of the playground and such tasks as were assigned them by parental authority. He was but a lad of fourteen years when he started out to earn his living and since that time he has been dependent entirely upon his own resources so that whatever success he has achieved is the tangible evidence of industry and perseverance. It was in 1877 that he entered the service of the Mabley-Carew Company, starting in 36 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY as cash boy. Gradually he has worked his way upward in this large dry-goods establishment and the proof of his ability and trustworthiness is found in the fact that he has been promoted from one position to another until he is now secretary and treasurer of one of the leading houses of this character in the city, in which he also owns considerable stock. On the 21st of November, 1888, Mr. Weiss was married to Miss Laura Reutepohler, who was born in Cincinnati, a daughter of Frederick and Mary Reutepohler. Her father, a wholesale grocer here, is still living but the mother is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Weiss have two children, a son and a daughter, Frederick and Laura Louise. The former, born in Cincinnati, is now in Los Angeles, California. Mr. Weiss at one time was a member and one of the organizers of the Business Men's Club. His political allegiance is given to the republican party and his fraternal relations are with the Masonic order, in which he has taken the degrees of the Scottish Rite. He belongs to the German Lutheran church and his entire life has been actuated by high and honorable principles and laudable ambition. Advancement can always be won by capable service, which renders the labors of the employe of worth to the employer and, recognizing this fact, Mr. Weiss steadily advanced, mastering the different features and phases of the business and becoming of more and more worth in the conduct and management of his house. His position in commercial circles is now a most creditable one and his record is such that any man might be proud to possess. HON. JOSEPH THOMAS CAREW. To say of him whose name introduces this review that he has risen from a comparatively humble position to rank with the prosperous merchants of Cincinnati may seem trite to those familiar with his life history, yet it is but just to say in a history that will descend to future generations that his record is one which any man might be proud to possess. It commands for him the confidence and admiration of colleagues and contemporaries, for throughout his career he has never made engagements that he has not kept nor incurred obligations that he has not Met. He has been found as honorable as progressive, as reliable as enterprising, and his establishment has largely set the standard for trade conditions in the city where for many years the Mabley & Carew Company has ranked foremost as proprietors of mercantile establishments. Mr. Carew is numbered among the young men of Canadian birth who have crossed the border to find in this country a livelier competition but also advancement more quickly secured. He was born in Peterboro, Canada, January 2, 1848, his parents being Robert S. and Euphemia (Gordon) Carew. The family is of Irish extraction and the ancestry may be traced back in the Emerald isle to the twelfth century, the family name figuring subsequently in connection with public affairs in Dublin and vicinity for about seven centuries. Robert S. Carew, the father of our subject, was born in Ireland in 1827 and became a large property owner there. His demise occurred in 1891. His wife, whose birth occurred in Dublin in 1829, is likewise deceased. They were the parents, of six children, four of whom are yet living, namely : Joseph Thomas, of this CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 39 review ; Robert G., who is connected with the Mabley & Carew Company ; Frances, who is the wife of Thomas Pocock and resides in South Carolina ; and Catherine, the wife of James Hamilton, of New York city. In the schools of his native town Joseph T. Carew began his education, which was supplemented by study in Toronto, after which he made his initial step in the business world as a clerk in a Peterboro store. A letter from a former schoolmate, who was then employed in the large clothing house of C. R. Mabley at Detroit, Michigan, led Mr. Carew to become a citizen of the United States and in 1869 he, too, entered the employ of the Detroit house. There his close application, earnest effort to please and his thorough reliability won him promotion and when Mr. Mabley established a branch store in Detroit, Mr. Carew was placed in charge and conducted the business successfully for a number of years. At length, however, Mr. Mabley determined to unite his two establishments and Mr. Carew would thus have been deprived of a position had not Mr. Mabley made a proposition to him to become his partner in the establishment and conduct of a business in any city where Mr. Carew might desire to locate. After looking over the field somewhat thoroughly the latter announced his belief that Cincinnati offered excellent business opportunities, and accordingly a store was opened upon Fountain Square in 1877. It was a little establishment, only seventeen feet front, but there was the prospect of securing an adjoining store of equal size at no very distant day. The stock of goods was opened in the first place and from the beginning the trade grew steadily along substantial lines. The stock was continuously enlarged to meet the growing demands of the trade and in order to secure increased facilities Mr. Carew purchased a number of small buildings at the corner of Fifth and Vine streets, which he razed, and upon that site erected one of the finest business structures in the city. The business was conducted as a copartnership concern under the firm name of Mabley & Carew until the death of the senior partner in 1885. In 1884 they had extended their efforts to Baltimore in the establishment of a branch store there, and following the death of Mr. Mabley, Mr. Carew became sole proprietor of both the Baltimore and Cincinnati houses, forming a stock company a few years later. The splendid department store of Mabley & Carew is today a monument to the energy and enterprise of him whose name introduces this review, its six stories and basement being most attractively equipped and well stocked with goods. From four hundred and fifty to seven hundred people are employed in the conduct of the business. Mr. Carew is also one of the five trustees appointed for the Cincinnati Southern Railroad Company. On the l0th of August, 1877, was celebrated the marriage of Joseph T. Carew and Miss Allie E. Stewart, a daughter of William and Anna (Martindale) Stewart. Her father, a shipowner of Detroit, Michigan, is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Carew have two children : Robert Gordon, who wedded Miss Little, of St. Louis, and is connected with his father's business ; and Elaine, the wife of Frederick J. Flach, of Cincinnati. The family residence is one of the attractive homes on Walnut Hills, situated at the corner of McMillan street and Highland avenue. Mr. Carew is a republican in politics and was one of the electors of Ohio who cast a vote for William McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt and William H. 40 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Taft. In religious faith he is an Episcopalian. He is well known as a prominent Mason, having taken the Knight Templar degree of the York, and the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, while with the nobles of the Mystic Shrine he has crossed the sands of the desert. Mr. Carew is also a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the beneficent spirit of these fraternities has found exemplification in his life. He is a valued and popular member of the Business Men's Club, the Queen City Club, the Commercial Club, the Country Club and the Golf Club. As prosperity has come to him he has made generous distribution of his wealth for the benefit of the city and to meet the needs of individuals. He has rendered valuable service as a member of the Cincinnati board of park commissioners and as a director of the House of Refuge. His life interests are wide, his spirit helpful and he has ever advocated practical and resultant methods in the attainment of high ideals, whether in business or benevolent projects. HARRY STOLL LEYMAN. In the steady and rapid growth of the automobile business many men have found a profitable field of labor and among the well known representatives of the trade in Cincinnati is Harry Stoll Leyman, who since the spring of 1909 has resided in this city, where he has built up a business of very creditable and gratifying proportions, having a well equipped automobile salesroom and warehouse. Ohio numbers him among her native sons, for his birth occurred in Crestline, February 7, 1873, his parent's being Henry Templeton and Susan (Fitzsimmons) Leyman. His father was a master mechanic of the T. & A. A. & N. M. Railway. His mother was a daughter of William Fitzsimmons, general road master for the Pennsylvania Railway east of Pittsburg. The removal of the family to the capital enabled Harry S. Leyman to complete his education in the high school at Columbus and when his school days were over .he became connected with the bicycle business as a representative of the Lozier Manufacturing Company, builders of the Cleveland bicycles. About this time the automobile industry was just beginning to make itself felt and Mr. Leyman became secretary and treasurer of the International Motor Car Company of Toledo, Ohio, and Indianapolis, Indiana. Later he was made general sales manager for the Pope Motor Car Company of Toledo, Ohio, which position he filled for about ten years. In the spring of 1909 he came to Cincinnati, where he opened up a salesroom to market the Buick automobiles and since that time the business has grown in substantial measure. The company now handles machines all over southern Ohio, southern Indiana, Kentucky and West selling in this territory the Buick automobiles and the Grabowsky power wagons. They have a place of business at Louisville, Kentucky, conducted Motorthe name of the Leyman Miotor Company, distributors for western Kentucky and Indiana. Mr. Leyman's long connection with the automobile business has made him thoroughly familiar with the industry and in the building up of his enterprise he has displayed notable executive force, splendid powers as a CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 41 salesman, and capability in management that has placed him far on the upward path to success. In Toledo, Ohio, on the 14tth of June, 1907, Mr. Leyman was married to Miss Belle Peck, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Chauncey Peck, of that city. They now have two children, Grace Templeton and Elizabeth, aged respectively four and two years. Mr. Leyman votes with the republican party but the honors and emoluments of office have had no attraction for him. His military experience covers several years as executive officer of the Toledo Battalion of the Ohio Naval Brigade, with the rank of lieutenant. He is a member of all the Masonic bodies, attaining the Knights Templar degree of the York Rite, the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine he has also crossed the sands of the desert. He is allied with a number of organizations which are of a semi-social nature and also have as one of their objects the promotion of trade interests. In this connection he is vice president of the Cincinnati Auto Dealers Association. He is also a member of the Business Men's Club and in more strictly social lines is connected with the Hamilton Club of Hamilton, Ohio, the Toledo Club and the Toledo Yacht Club of Toledo. BENJAMIN T. ARCHER. Benjamin T. Archer, who has been engaged in the practice of law in Cincinnati since June, 1898, and has applied himself with a zeal and ability productive of highly gratifying results, was born near Amelia, Clermont county, Ohio, January 17, 1876. His father, James S. Archer, was born at the same place, November 16, 1849. He was a farmer and a flour and feed merchant. He is now living retired in Amelia. The mother, Rosella Tone before her marriage, was born near Amelia and is now deceased. There were three children in the family of Mr. and Mrs. Archer : Benjamin T., of this review ; Mabelle, who is the wife of Dr. Emmett A. Fagin, of Muskogee, Oklahoma; and Rosella T., who is the wife of Charles A. Ford, of Washington, D. C. Mr. Archer of this review attended the common schools of Clermont county and carried his studies further in the high school of Amelia and Woodward high school, of Cincinnati. He was a student in the University of Cincinnati and the Ohio State University, graduating at the Ohio State University with the degree of LL. D. in 1898. In June of the same year he began practice in this city. Two years later he entered into partnership with State Senator George W. Hardacre, which association continued until 1903, when Senator Hardacre removed to Portland, Oregon, Mr. Archer succeeding to the legal business of the firm. He engages in general civil law practice with offices at 61-62 Atlas Bank building, and by faithful attention to the interests of his clients and the application of marked energy and ability he has gained a reputation as one of the thoroughly capable lawyers of the city. He has shown himself perfectly at home in the courtroom and has won a large percentage of the cases entrusted to his care. Being a good counselor, he has been instrumental by well timed advice in greatly advancing the interests of many who have sought his services without resorting to the usual processes of the courts. 42 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY On the 6th of June, 1906, Mr. Archer was married to Miss Martha E. Rooney, a native of Cincinnati. Her father died when she was a child and the maiden name of her mother was Eva 0. Galloway. Two promising children have come to brighten the home of Mr. and Mrs. Archer : Martha Mildred, who was born May 30, 1907 ; and Mary Jane, born November 21, 1909. Mr. Archer is a prominent Scottish Rite Mason. He is past master of his lodge and has taken the degrees of the blue lodge, chapter, commandery and shrine. He is also a valued member of the Knights of Pythias. He is well known in social circles and holds membership in the Business Men's Club, the Stamina League and the Hyde Park Business Men's Club. Always prompt and efficient in the discharge of obligations, he has gained the confidence of his fellowmen and his clients are to be found among the leading citizens of the city. He is endowed with an attractive appearance and address and, as he possesses an intimate knowledge of the principles of law and carries forward his work with undiminished interest, the future holds forth for him the promise of increasing prosperity. ROBERT LAIDLAW. Robert Laidlaw, who has long been numbered among the most prominent and influential residents of the Queen City, is now the general superintendent of the Cincinnati waterworks. His birth occurred in Innerleithen, Peebles shire, thirty miles south of Edinburgh, Scotland, March 22, 1849, his parents being Robert and Janet (Euman) Laidlaw, who spent their entire lives in that country. The father was born in 1822, while the mother's natal year was -1817. Robert Laidlaw, Sr., was a successful manager of woolen mills. To him and his wife were born seven children, as follows : Walter, who is now a resident of New York, going to that state from Cincinnati ; Robert, of this review ; Henry, living in Detroit ; Isabella, who is the wife of William Russell and resides at Elmwood Place, Cincinnati ; Elizabeth, who gave her hand in marriage to James Campbell and lives in New Zealand ; Helen, the widow of William Beveridge, also residing in New Zealand ; and one who died in infancy. Robert Laidlaw spent the first twenty-six years of his life in his native land and in 1875 crossed the Atlantic to the United States, locating in Cincinnati, where he has resided continuously since. He immediately secured a clerical position with a pumping machinery house and a year later was admitted to a partnership. In 1887 he organized the Laidlaw & Dunn Company for the manufacture of pumping and hydraulic machinery and was chosen president of the concern. In 1893 he reorganized the business by purchasing the Gordon Steam Pump Company of Hamilton, Ohio, being elected president of the newly organized establishment. He and his associates developed an extensive enterprise in Cincinnati, over seven hundred people being now employed in its conduct. A few years ago, however, Mr. Laidlaw disposed of his interest in the concern. He has always been prominently identified with the manufacturing interests of Cincinnati and has been a large shipper for many years. Mr. Laidlaw was one of the organizers of the National Association of Manufacturers in 1895, served as its treasurer for three years and as a member of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 43 its executive board for five years. He was likewise one of the organizers of the Manufacturers Club of Cincinnati in 1895 and has acted as its chief executive officer. He has been a director in the Chamber of Commerce and was chairman of the Cincinnati commissioners to the Tennessee Centennial Exposition held in Nashville. Mr. Laidlaw was the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce representative of the Commercial Museums of Philadelphia, was elected to the membership of the Commercial Club some years ago and was likewise a member of the Queen City Club. He was a trustee of the Omaha Theological Seminary and is now a trustee of Lane Seminary and the University of Wooster and on the advisory board of Christ's Hospital. On the 29th of December, 1871, in Edinburgh, Scotland, Mr. Laidlaw was united in marriage to Miss Bessie McDougall, a native of Edinburgh and a daughter of Joseph and Margaret (Patton) McDougall. The father was a silk dyer. Thomas McDougall, a brother of Mrs. Laidlaw, was a prominent attorney of Cincinnati but is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Laidlaw have crossed the Atlantic seventeen times but "always like to come back," being very fond of the United States. In July, 1899, they visited Norway to North Cape, which they consider the most beautiful trip they have ever enjoyed. Their residence is on Grand street, Walnut Hills. Politically Mr. Laidlaw has always been an active republican. From 1896 until 1907 he was judge of elections in his precinct, while during the years 1908 and 1909 he was president of the board of public service. At the present time he is the general superintendent of the Cincinnati waterworks. He belongs to the Blaine, Club and Stamina League and is an elder in the First Presbyterian church of Walnut Hills. At this point it would be almost tautological to enter into any series of statements as showing Mr. Laidlaw to be a man of broad intelligence and genuine public spirit, for these have been shadowed forth between the lines of this review. Strong in his individuality, he never lacks the courage of his convictions but there are as dominating elements in this individuality a lively human sympathy and an abiding charity, which, as taken in connection with the sterling integrity and honor of his character, have naturally gained for him the respect and confidence of men. FROOME MORRIS. Froome Morris, whose ability in the practice of his profession has been used for the benefit of the city as well as in the upbuilding of what is now an extensive private practice, was born in Cincinnati on the 17th of May, 1870, his parents being Robert T. and Annie (Froome) Morris. The public schools afforded him his educational privileges until he had completed a course in the Hughes high school with the class of 1889. Ambition for further educational advancement led him to enter Amherst College of Massachusetts, where he completed the classical course by graduation in 1893 with the Bachelor of Arts degree. His preparation for a professional career was made in the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in 1895. On his return from Amherst he at once began his law studies, and following his graduation at once 44 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY entered upon" active practice. While attending law school he also studied in ,the office of Bateman & Harper, and subsequently became a member of the firm of Littleford, Morris & Ballard. The splendid work which he did in the office of first assistant county prosecuting attorney, which position he filled from January, 1901, until January, 1909, brought him prominently before the public as a capable lawyer, and the prestige which he has won in his profession has been the logical outcome of ability that enables him to successfully handle the most intricate and involved problems of the law. Mr. Morris is a republican and has been an active factor in local political circles in city and county, his opinions carrying weight in the local councils. Fraternally he is a Mason, holding membership in Avon Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and he likewise belongs to the Business Men's Club and to the University Club, finding within their ranks many warm friends and that congenial companionship that exists between men whose reading and interests have carried them into the broader field of thought, wherein is aroused an interest in questions of far-reaching and vital importance. HENRY POGUE. In the death of Henry Pogue, who died of bronchial pneumonia on January 15, 1903, Cincinnati lost one of her prominent pioneer business men and most highly valued citizens. This great merchant was born May 5, 1829, in County Cavan, Ireland, and was the oldest of five brothers, all of whom came to Cincinnati and here engaged in business. In 1851 he located in Cincinnati and here obtained a clerkship in a dry-goods store on Fifth street and, as he was industrious and frugal, accumulated means. Just prior to the Civil war Henry Pogue bought an interest in a small dry-goods store on Fifth street and entered the arena of business under the firm style of Pogue & Jones. In 1865, despite the depression incident to the Civil war, the business had so prospered that Mr. Pogue was in a condition, financially, to purchase the large interest of his father-in-law, John Crawford, then the leading merchant of the city, and at this time was formed the company of H. & S. Pogue, Samuel Pogue becoming a partner. Subsequently the other brothers, Thomas, William and Joseph, also entered into .partnership. In 1878 removal was made to the present site of the business, on Fourth street, between Race and Vine. Much of the surrounding property was acquired by the family, and the company has erected here the greatest dry-goods emporium west of New York. Henry Pogue was the secretary and treasurer of the great company he founded, of which his only surviving brother, Samuel Pogue, continues as president. It was the wish of Mr. Pogue that his two sons, after graduating at Princeton College, should enter the firm and still farther expand a business which owes so much of its remarkable growth to the enterprise of their father. Although gifted with a business faculty which enabled him to excel competitors, Mr. Pogue was something more than a merchant and was well qualified by nature, study and travel to fill almost any position in life, but his tastes were so simple, his wants so few, that he sought neither social nor political distractions ; CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 49 he belonged to several clubs but to no secret organization. His elegant home with the domestic circle intact, his well selected library, his treasures of art, his choice of friends and his private deeds of beneficence, made up the sum of interest in his life, outside the cares of his business. It was his habit to leave business cares behind about June of every year and remain at his summer home at Lakewood, New York, until late in September. He was a man of strong will and this was noted in his last illness, when, through its sheer force, he combated with death until he could take one last look upon the facs of his sons, who had been hurriedly summoned from college. Mr. Pogue was an acknowledged Christian, a pioneer member of the Central Presbyterian church at Mound and Barr streets and for years its treasurer. He was a man of kind, loving, generous disposition and extremely charitable. In 1875 Mr. Pogue was married to Mary I. Crawford, the second daughter of John Crawford, who removed to New York city after disposing of his business interests to Mr. Pogue and there spent the remainder of his life. Mr. Pogue is survived by his widow and six children, namely : Mrs. William Walker Smith, Jr. ; Elsie; Natalie, now the wife of John Langdon Gates ; Margaret ; Henry, Jr.; and John Crawford. Two daughters died in infancy, Charlotte and Elizabeth. Tributes of esteem from the world of business were tendered to the memory of Mr. Pogue on the day of his funeral obsequies, many of the leading business houses remaining entirely closed. Upon that sad occasion six nephews officiated as pallbearers. The beautiful home on Park avenue and Cypress street was visited by vast crowds and among these few of Mr. Pogue's employes were absent, the desire being general to take a last view of one who had ever proved a just employer and also a kind and helpful friend. The death of Mr. Pogue was a blow to the Chamber of Commerce, where he was regarded with feelings of profound respect. His influence will long be felt in Cincinnati and his name commemorated by the great business of which he was the head and front and which, it was his pride to realize, had been founded on the rock of business integrity. Mrs. Pogue is a valued member of the Woman's Club of Cincinnati and one of the well known and highly esteemed women of the city. FREDERICK HENRY BASTIAN. Among the men who have been active factors in the commercial life of Cincinnati and who have passed from the scene of earthly activities is numbered Frederick Henry Bastian, who for a long period was proprietor of a men's furnishing goods store. He was born in France, in 1837, and his life record covered the intervening period to the year 1902. His father, Philip Bastian, was a landscape surveyor who, having brought his family to the new world, settled in Philadelphia where he resided until his death. The son, Frederick H. Bastian, was a young lad when the family crossed the Atlantic, the voyage being made on a• sailing vessel in 1849, when he was but twelve years of age. At length anchor was dropped in the harbor of New Orleans and the party proceeded northward to Cincinnati, where Frederick' Bastian completed his education in the public schools. At the time of the Civil war he put Vol. III-3