100 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY although the company has been in existence only seven years, the business now yields a handsome annual income. On the 7th of June, 1893, Mr. Heitz was married, in this city, to Miss Amelia Kellendorf, a daughter of D. and Johanna Kellendorf. The father was for many years a prominent contractor and builder of the city. Two daughters, Irma and Della, and one son, Arthur, have been born to this union. The daughters are both attending Woodward high school, and the son is a student in the Mount Auburn school. The family resides at 223 McGregor avenue, Mount Auburn. Mr. Heitz gives his support to the republican party and, fraternally, is a valued member of the Masonic order, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge. His religious belief is indicated by membership in the Third German Protestant church. Having early in life acquired habits of industry and economy, Mr. Heitz steadily forged. ahead until he attained a position of independence. He belongs to the class of men who give dignity to their vocation and are respected by all with whom they come into contact. PERIN LANGDON. There are many old families of Cincinnati who from the period of pioneer development down to the present have through their representatives taken a very active and helpful part in the development and upbuilding of the city. In such connection the name of Langdon is well known. As early as 1810 Oliver and Nancy (Brown) Langdon, grandparents of Perin Langdon, settled in Columbia, Ohio, now a part of the city of Cincinnati. It was there that their son, Solomon Langdon, was born on the 27th of April, 1812. He attended the country school located at Red Bank, Ohio, an adjoining village, but before completing the regular course accepted a position in the Cincinnati post-office which he held for eighteen years, or until 1846. At that period he joined Stanley Hatch in organizing the private banking firm of Hatch & Langdon for the conduct of what became known as the Central Bank, located in the old courthouse building at the corner of Main and Court streets. There they continued until the great financial crash of 1857, which largely involved banking institutions throughout the entire country. Mr. Langdon afterward became associated with Lyman Perin, his brother-in-law, in the flour and grain commission business and in 1860 he joined the firm of Burbeck & Haight, in the same line. About the time of the outbreak of the Civil war they launched a baking business to furnish the wants of the army, their output being what is commonly known as hard tack. In 1865 Mr. Langdon became associated with G. K. Wittington in the baking of aerated bread. This connection was continued for some time but later, in 1874, Mr. Langdon admitted his son Perin to a partnership under the name of Sol Langdon & Son Company, after which a general baking business was conducted until the death of the father on the 15th of January, 1887. On the 14th of December, 1837, Solomon Langdon was united in marriage to Miss Martha Perin, a daughter of Samuel Perin, of Perin Mills, now Perin-town, Clermont county, Ohio. They traveled life's journey together for almost a half century and were then separated by the death of Mr. Langdon, his wife CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 103 surviving until July 26, 1891. They were the parents of ten children of whom three are now living: Clara, the widow of John Ward Bailey ; Jennie, the wife. of William T. Burton ; and Lillie, the wife of James H. Gates. The early home of the family was at Fourth and Vine streets and later a removal was made to Court street. As early as 1828 Solomon Langdon had become a resident of Cincinnati and was therefore a witness of the greater part of the growth and development of the city as it emerged from villagehood, took on the evidences of a prosperous, growing town and later enjoyed all of the benefits of a thriving metropolitan center. While disaster at one time overtook him in his business career his course on the whole was marked by advancement and the name of Mr. Langdon became closely associated with the industrial and commercial history of the city. His son, Perin Langdon, who for some years was his business partner, was born in Cincinnati, January 10, 1852, and after pursuing his education in the public schools joined his father in the conduct of the bakery business. Following his father's death he assumed the entire management and remained at the head of what was one of the leading and profitable bakery establishments of Cincinnati until it was merged into the United States Baking Company and later became a part of the National Biscuit Company. After the merger Mr. Langdon continued in charge, remaining financially interested in the business. This did not comprise the extent of his financial interests, however, for he was a director of the First National Bank and of the Cincinnati, Lebanon & Northern Railroad, and was otherwise connected with important business enterprises of this city. In 1884 Mr. Langdon was united in marriage to Miss Eleanora West, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of H. F. West, who was engaged in the wholesale Queensware business for some years and later conducted a retail enterprise on Fourth street for many years. He became an active and influential business man of this city and was especially prominent at Avondale, where his cooperation with public projects consfituted a potent force in the progress and improvement of the community. He there served at one time as a member of the city council and gave the ground on Rockdale avenue upon which the First Presbyterian church of Avondale is built. He wedded Mary Frances Erwin and fhey became the parents of three children : Mrs. Langdon ; Charles, who is living west of Cincinnati ; and Mrs. G. E. Halsey, of East Orange, New Jersey. To Mr. and Mrs. Langdon were born three children, Bessie Mitchell, Perin and Marjorie. As the years passed and Mr. Langdon's success in business made it no longer necessary for him to put forth that close application which he had formerly given to his commercial interests, he devoted more and more time to matters of a public nature and his cooperation could always be counted upon to further movements which were intended to meet the needs of the public in any direction. His pronounced traits of character also made him a valued member of the Queen City Club, in which he was quite active. He likewise belonged to the Chamber of Commerce, the Country Club, the Commercial Club and the National Insurance Company and was likewise an active representative of the Optimist Club. His membership relations also extended to the New England Society, the Loyal Legion, the Sons of the American Revolution and the Sons of Colonial Wars, being deputy governor of the last named. While his political views accorded 104 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY with the principles of democracy he did not consider himself bound by party fies, frequently casting an independent ballot. In early life he held membership in St. Paul's Episcopal church but after his marriage and following his removal out on the Hill he was a member of the Church of Our Savior. His prosperity in business enabled him to erect a beautiful home on Vernon Place. He was loved by all who knew him. He had the gift of being able to make friends with every-: one and he did not have an enemy. Very probably there has been no resident of Cincinnati more charitable according to his means. Even his own family did not know the extent of his benevolent work in behalf of others until his death, when tales of his charity were told which before were known only to recipient and donor. His helping hand reached out to all who needed assistance to the extent of his ability and his generosity knew only the limit of his boundless sympathy. It was his social nature and kindly 'spirit, and his many benevolent actions even more, than his business enterprise and success which won him firm hold upon the affections of his fellowmen and causes his memory to be cherished by all who knew him. IN MEMORIAM. PERIN LANGDON, 1852-1908. Cincinnati Optimist's Club. Perin Langdon, born in Cincinnati, January 10, 1852, died at his home in Vernonville, this city, on Wednesday morning, April 1, 1908. He became a member of this club on April 20, 1895, practically at the time of its formation, and from that date until his death continuously retained his membership and interest in the club. The name of no member appears more often on the pages of our minutes; no one has been more constant in his attendance. He was twice made a member of the board of directors, and at the time of his death had been recently elected president. His memory will abide in our hearts. We commend this tribute for the records of the club. It is hard to think of Perin Langdon dead. He was so strong and virile—full of life and action. He looked upon this world as good and helped to make it so. If ever a true optimist sat at this club table, Perin Langdon was one. According to the length of years allotted to man he died young. He had such a heart as refuses to grow old, and would long have baffled age. The taking of such lives as his moves us to ask the eternal question that is never answered. And yet Perin Langdon in his life had not only achieved largely but he was rich in the gifts of fortune. He had all the assets of happiness for which men pray and strive. His wisdom and industry had made him successful in his business affairs. He was happily married and had the inestimable comfort and companionship of his children, and he had many friendships—real and genuine. HE WAS A MAN'S MAN AND ATTRACTED MEN BY HIS MANLINESS. Strong and yet gentle, he made you feel very sure of his good-will, whether he praised or criticised, and he criticised possibly oftener than he praised. His CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 105 very brusqueness won your favor for its honesty. He rang true. He never harbored a thought that was born of meanness. Straightforward and direct he was, in everything he said and did. Above all, the dominant tone of his life and character was his good cheer—his optimism. He never had to search for happiness, he had it with him always and shared it with his friends. Whatever this club strives to accomplish its method is and should be optimism. Perin Langdon, therefore, was not only one of our oldest members but he was by character its type and standard as an optimist. We honored him three weeks ago by electing him our president. He was too ill at that time to attend our meetings and though he knew of and valued the honor he never took his place at the head of the table. As a club we shall be able to put another man in his place as president. But to us as his friends his vacant chair will remain unfilled and long remembered. It is so that he would have wished us to remember him—to bear his loss with the high courage with which he met the world. We share the sorrow of his wife and children and offer them all his best friends can do for comfort. To him Stevenson's prayer was answered : "Help us to play the man, help us to perform our duties with laughter and kind faces, let cheerfulness abound with industry. Give us to go blithely on our business all this day; bring us to our resting beds weary and content and undishonored, and grant us in the end the gift of sleep." JOSEPH WILBY WM. HARVEY ANDERSON REUBEN A. HOLDEN. Adopted at the regular meeting of the club, April 4, 1908. JOSEPH RAWSON, SR. Joseph Rawson, Sr., whose life history constitutes a most worthy chapter in the trade annals of Cincinnati, where he resided from 1831 until his death, sixty years later, was born in Mendon, Massachusetts, January 9, 1808. So far as has been ascertained Edward Rawson was the progenitor of all bearing the family name in the United States. He was born in Gillingham, Dorsetshire, England, April 16, 1615, and became a resident of New England about 1636 or 1637. He was prominent in public affairs and was made secretary of the Massachusetts colony in 1650, being annually reelected to that position until 1686. He thus took an active part in shaping the policy of the colony during its formative period. Ere leaving England he was married to Miss Rachel Perne and unto them were born twelve children, including William Rawson, whose birth occurred May 21, 1651. He was married July 31, 1673, to Anne Glover and they became the parents of twenty children. Nathaniel Rawson, of the third generation, was born December 3, 1689, and married Hannah Thompson, by whom he had five children. Among the number was Edward Rawson, who was born April 19, 1724, and was married October 19, 1747, to Deborah Green. Their firstborn child was Levi Rawson, whose birth occurred March 27, 1748. On the 26th of October, 1775, he wedded Thankful Warren 106 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and for his second wife chose Nancy Fairbanks, nee Wheelock. Colonel Warren Rawson, the first son of Levi and Thankful Rawson, became the father of Joseph Rawson, Sr. He was born December 15, 1777, and wedded Mary Adams, who died June 26, 1813. He devoted his life to the practice of law and was sent to the Massachusetts legislature from Mendon. He died in that state June 15, 1848, after having long held a place among its prominent residents. Unto him and his wife were born six children, Frances Mary, Charles Adams, Joseph, Charlotte Warren, Edward, and Elizabeth Bullen. Joseph Rawson, whose name introduces this review, spent the first twenty-three years of his life in his native town and there acquired an education in the public schools. He then left New England in order to try his fortune in what was at that time regarded as the far west, coming to Cincinnati in 1831. Here he secured employment in the pork-packing establishment of Hartshorn & Child and in 1836 became a member of the firm, under the name of Hartshorn, Child & Company. The original partners retiring in 1856, the firm style of Joseph Rawson & Company was then, assumed and subsequently it was changed to Joseph Rawson & Sons. For over sixty years Joseph Rawson was associated with the commercial interests of Cincinnati and from a humble clerkship worke his way upward through successive stages of advancement and success until h ranked with the prosperous and prominent residents of his adopted city. On the 27th of November, 1838, in Cincinnati, Mr. Rawson was united in marriage to Miss Mary W. Richards, who was born in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, and came to Cincinnati in her girlhood clays. Unto them were bor eight children : Mary ; Warren, who died in 1898 ; Martha, who married James C. Bayley, of Boston, Massachusetts, and is now a widow ; Hannah Child, who died in her youth ; Edward ; Joseph ; Charles Grindal, who died in infancy; and Frances Helen. The death of the father occurred November 15, 1891, and his wife, surviving him about three years, died in 1894. He had been a member of the Chamber of Commerce of Cincinnati from its organization and in many practical ways contributed largely to its prosperity. In 1887 this organization conferred upon him an honorary membership and following his death prepared a memorial which it placed upon its records, also sending a copy to his family as an assurance of the high esteem in which he was held. He belonged to that little group of distinctively representative business men who were the pioneers in inaugurating and building up the chief industries of this city. While Cincinnati was but a small town at the time of his arrival, he. had faith in its future and, acting .in accordance with the dictates of his faith and judgment, he garnered in several years of time a generous harvest which is the just recompense of indomitable industry, spotless integrity and unfaltering enterprise. WALTER STEPHEN MENDENHALL. Walter Stephen Mendenhall, whose demise occurred in Cincinnati on the 11 11th of June, 1910, was an inventive genius who gave to the world numerous origina devices of inestimable value. His birth occurred at Richmond, Indiana, on the 28th of August, 1855, his parents being Stephen C. and Rachel A. ( Johnson) Mendenhall, who were Quakers. All of his ancestors, back to a very remote CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 109 period, were Friends. The name of Mendenhall is derived from what was originally Mellville Hall, the cognomen of an old Englishman. Later the name was changed to Mellville and subsequently to its present form. The maternal ancestors of our subject emigrated from England to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at an early day, Christian Coffin taking up his abode in that city in 1642. One of his daughters, who removed to Waynesville, Ohio, married John Johnson, the great-grandfather of Walter S. Mendenhall. The old family residence which he there erected is still standing. Charles F. Coffin and his wife, Rhoda M. Coffin, who was a sister of Mrs. Rachel A. Mendenhall, were the head of the Quaker church of the world for years. Mrs. Rhoda M. Coffin originated the Home for the Friendless in Indiana, opened the first mission Sunday school and also originated the juvenile court at Chicago, Illinois. In one year she gave over ninety thousand dollars to charity. Mrs. Rachel A. Mendenhall, though as actively interested in the work as her sister, did not possess her wealth and was unable to make as large contributions. Mr. Mendenhall of this review was also related to the old Faulkner family, a famous Quaker family of Europe. In early life Rachel A. Johnson attended a Quaker college at Richmond, Indiana, where Earlham College is now located. Subsequently she went to Providence, Rhode Island, where she met and married Stephen C. Mendenhall. The latter, a noted inventor, brought forth the first loom for weaving jean and cloth, selling it to Miles Greenwood, a pioneer of Cincinnati. This invention appeared during the time of the Civil war and brought the price of cloth down to about half the former price. Mr. Mendenhall also invented the first roller skate and the first ball-bearing roller skate as well as the ball-bearing caster. He took out more patents on inventions in one day than any other man in the United States and most of his models are still in possession of the widow of Walter S. Mendenhall. He likewise invented a great deal of agricultural machinery and built up an extensive business, especially in the production of the ball-bearing caster. About 1881 he came to Cincinnati, established his home at Glendale, rented the second floor of a plant at the corner of John and Water streets from the Samuel C. Tatum Company and began the manufacture of various styles of casters, conducting the business successfully until 1887, when he died at the City Hospital as the result of an accident. Walter Stephen Mendenhall, 'whose name introduces this review, was the oldest of four children and inherited his father's marvelous inventive powers. He was graduated from the high school at Richmond, Indiana, and afterward pursued a course of study in a college at Providence, Rhode Island. Subsequently he was graduated from the Indiana University at Bloomington, where he pursued a law course. For about eight -years he practiced law at Richmond, Indiana, but always felt that he was not following the nafural bent of his mind and at length determined to abandon the profession in order that he might be free to develop his inventive powers. Going to Indianapolis, Indiana, he was employed by the Indianapolis Cabinet Company for about a year. While in the service of that concern he invented several wooden desks, etc. In 1881 he arrived in Cincinnati and became associated in business with his father under the firm 'style of the Mendenhall Caster Company, thus faking up the real work of his life. He never realized his possibilities as an inventor until he began working in metal. His first inventions along that line were ball-bearing trucks and casters, while 110 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY later he produced the pad bath for copying sheets, etc. In 1887 he went into business with Samuel E. Hillis, the two gentlemen consolidating the Mendenhall Caster Company and the Samuel C. Tatum Company. Mr. Mendenhall, who was chosen vice president and general manager, began supplying all the different branches of the factory with his inventions, which included various machines. He invented. the first paper-punching machine in the world, also railroad stationery, printers' machinery, wholesale grocers' supplies and a full line of loose leaf ledger work. The Many creations of his prolimenfion.n are too numerous to mention. He drew all the plans for the large new factory which was erected in 1907 by the Samuel C. Tatum Company. Nearly every product of the plant is of his own invention. His many and important duties demanded almost his entire time and attention and, because of too close confinement to business, his health grthally failed until on the 11uth of June, 1910, he passed away. Three days later his remains were interred at Spring Grove, and thus Cincinnati lost one of its most valued and respected residents. An ardent lover of nature, he was an expert on tree "surgery" and forestry. He was likewise an enthusiastic sportsman and fisherman, these diversions affording him recreation and relaxation from the cares of business. On the 24th of November, 1887, Mr. Mendenhall was married to Miss Mary Ella Tongit, a native of Walton, Kentucky, and a daughter of Alexander and Elizabeth (Williams) Tongit, who were likewise born in that state, the former at Williamstown and the latter at Florence. Alexander Tongit was a druggist of Williamstown, Kentucky. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Mendenhall were born two children, Edith Elizabeth and 'Walter S., who reside with their mother. Their home is at No. 952 Marion avenue, Avondale. Mrs. Mendenhall is the president, of the Ohio Hospital for Women and Children and of the Aid Society of the Avondale Presbyterian church and is very active in charitable work. She is also a valued and active member of the Cincinnati Woman's Club. LOUIS KRUSE, JR. The important principle of self reliance, backed by energy and clear judgment, may be designated as the foundation of the success that has rewarded the efforts of Louis Kruse, Jr., vice president of the Kruse Hardware Company of Cincinnati. A man of extensive acquaintance with his business and of th demands of the trade and also with intimate knowledge of human nature, he ranks as one of the wide-awake and practical business men of Cincinnati. He was born in this city October 24, 1852, a son of Louis and Doretta Kruse. The father also possessed rare business ability and was the founder in 1856 of the house of Kruse & Bahlman, which continued in existence for thirty-five years. He was a highly useful citizen and was noted for his public spirit and philanthropy. He was a member of the board of directors of the German National Bank and one of the largest contributors toward the support of the orphan asylum. He was also a member of the Pioneer Association. He died November 9, 1890, at the age of sixty years, his wife passing away February 28, 1908, at the age of seventy-seven. They are both buried at Spring Grove CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 111 cemetery. Tire Kruse family has been identified with Cincinnati since 1830, when the first members in America arrived in Cincinnati from Hanover, Germany. Louis Kruse, Jr., was educated in the public schools, advancing into the intermediate grades, where he continued until seventeen years of age. Upon leaving school he entered the retail hardware business with the firm of F. C. Brandt at the Findlay market and continued for three years with this firm, in the course of which time he became well acquainted with the details of the business. He then entered the employ of the Kruse & Bahlman Hardware Company as traveling salesman and continued in this capacity until the business was disposed of in 1901. He then associated with his brothers in the organization of the Kruse Hardware Company, which was incorporated in 1902 and does a wholesale business exclusively, with warehouses and office at 21 East Pearl street. It is one of the important and growing institutions of the city. On November 26, 1872, Mr. Kruse was married to Miss Ella Kissinger, a daughter of George W. and Susan Kissinger. The father was one of the pioneer brick contractors of Cincinnati. He died in 1870 but his wife survived many years, being called away in 1899. Their bodies repose in the Cumminsville cemetery. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Kruse : Elsie, who was the wife of John Rey, of Boston, and died January 6, 1908; Stella, who married J. A. Kling, a pharmacist of Los Angeles, California ; and Edward L., who is now a merchant of Keokuk, Iowa. Mr. Kruse and his wife reside at the Clermont Flats, Woodburn and McMillan streets. He holds membership in the United Merchant Travelers Association and fraternally is identified with the Masonic order and the Knights of Pythias, being heartily in sympathy with the beneficent teachings of those organizations. During the course of a busy and useful life he has willingly performed his part in promoting the comfort and happiness of others and has never made personal advancement the whole object of existence. Such are the results of well directed effort and Mr. Kruse rightly occupies a place as one of the responsible and successful citizens of Cincinnati. J. FREDERICK SCHLOCHTERMEYER. Almost ever since the Civil war, in which he served as a defender of the Union, J. Frederick Schlochtermeyer has engaged in the mercantile business in Cincinnati. His record may well serve as an inspiration to those who would attain honorable success. He is of German parentage, being born at Osnabruck, Hanover, Germany, January 6, 1848, a son of Joseph and Elizabeth Schlochtermeyer. The father was a carpenter by trade and he and his wife spent their entire lives in the old country. Mr. Schlochtermeyer of this review attended the schools of his native town, where he secured the foundation of a practical education. When in his thirteenth year he came to America, his brother Bernard B. and sister Eliza having previously arrived in this country, and settled at Cincinnati. The ambitious young traveler came direct to this city after landing and apprenticed himself to 112 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY learn the shoemaker's trade, later working as a journeyman for two years. In the latter part of 1863, although less than sixteen years of age, he enlisted in the Union army and served as a carpenter in the quartermaster's department, later participating in the battles of Chattanooga, Nashville, Clarksville and Franklin, Tennessee. He continued with his regiment until the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged. After returning to his adopted city, he engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes until 1868, when he began the manufacture of shoe-store supplies and leather. He commenced on a. small scale but, by intelligent application, the business has been largely developed so that the firm of which he is the sole proprietor is now well known in Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky. Two traveling men are employed and the house has made many friends on account of its up-to-date methods and the practical knowledge displayed by its management as to the wants of the trade. On June 12, 1879, Mr. Schlochtermeyer was married to Miss Elizabeth Vogt, a daughter of H. A. Vogt, who was engaged in the dry-goods business in this city. Two sons have been born to this union : Carl F., who is an electric engineer and is now in the employ of the General Electric Company ; and Hugo F., who will be ordained as a Catholic priest, and who is also an astronomer, having discovered the last comet. Mr. Schlochtermeyer was reared in the Catholic church, and has always adhered to his early training. He is a true lover of the republic, as was shown in his earlier life when he offered his services in its behalf, but he is not an upholder of any political party, preferring to vote independently. He and his family occupy an attractive bungalow which he erected at 2872 Madison road. FREDERICK C. SCHMUCK, M. D. The power of a worthy ambition, backed by talent and indomitable perseverance, was amply illustrated in the life of Dr. Frederick C. Schmuck, who became one of the prominent physicians of Cincinnati. Starting as a poor boy, he gained a good general education and acquired thorough medical training under some of the greatest bathers of America. As a practitioner he was eminently successful and he is remembered as one who recognized his responsibilities and conscientiously and faithfully endeavored to perform his duty to his fellowmen. He was born near Mainz, Germany, October 4, 1846, being the youngest of seven sons of Adam and Elizabeth Schmuck. The family arrived in .America in 1847 and the parents took up their residence on a farm near Cannelton, Indiana. The subject of this review was named in honor of Frederick the Great of Germany. He received his early education under Rev. W. L. Githens, an Episcopal clergyman of Cannelton, and secured his first employment as clerk in the wholesale drug house at Evansville, Indiana, of Scribner Brothers, and later was identified with the same line of business at Terre Haute. While in the latter place his attention was attracted by an advertisement in a newspaper announcing that Dr. Samuel B. Tomlinson, of Cincinnati, needed the services of a drug clerk. He promptly communicated with the Doctor and secured the position, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 113 becoming clerk in a drug store at the corner of Everett street and Central avenue. He carefully saved his wages and as soon as he had accumulated suffi- dent money he matriculated in Long Island .Hospital College of Brooklyn, New York, from which he was duly graduated. He immediately returned to Cincinnati and opened an office on his own account on Everett street, near Central avenue. In 1878 he moved to Clark street and there continued in practice during the remainder of his life. He was a close student and observer, a man of cool and clear judgment and was more than ordinarily successful in practice, attracting as his patrons many of the best families in the city. On the 4th of May, 1875, at Paris, Illinois, Dr. Schmuck was married to Miss Ella O. Kirby, a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Pearce) Kirby. The parents were of English descent and were among the early settlers of Cincinnati, the father arriving here in 183o. He was a member of the firm of M. Werk & Company. Two children have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Schmuck : Olive Githens, a graduate of Bartholomew School, who married Dr. Wade Thrasher, of Cincinnati, and has one child, Wade, Jr.; and Thomas Kirby, a graduate of Cincinnati University and the Cincinnati Law School, and now successfully engaged in practice in this city. Dr. Schmuck died on the 2d of January, 1890, and his body now reposes in Spring Grove cemetery. He was a member of the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati and throughout his professional career was deeply interested in all vances made in medicine and surgery. Dr. Schmuck's religious faith was manifested by his affiliation with the Episcopal church, of which he was a valued member. The possessor of a leasing address and genial, social traits, he attracted friends wherever he was known. He was a man of the highest personal integrity, a patriotic and useful citizen and a loving husband and father, whose greatest pleasure was to add the comfort and happiness of those with whom he associated. The family ed for many years on Clark street, but later moved to Walnut Hills, and Mrs. hmuck now occupies a beautiful home at 1955 Madison road. JOSEPH RAWSON. Joseph Rawson, vice president of the First National Bank of Cincinnati, was born in this city December 18, 1856, a son of Joseph and Mary W. (Richards) Rawson. He was educated in the public schools, passing through primary and intermediate grades until he qualified for the Woodward high school, from which he was graduated in 1868. His collegiate course was pursued at Harvard, here he was graduated in 1872 with the degree of A. B. He then returned to Cincinnati, becoming connected with his father in the pork-packing business. The firm of Rawson & Sons consisted of Joseph Rawson, Sr., Warren, Edward, and Joseph Rawson, Jr. After the death of the father the business was conducted by the three sons, of whom Warren died in 1898. A few years before the death of his father Joseph Rawson, Jr., became his successor as a director of the First National Bank, which office the father had filled from a short time after the organization of the bank until his retirement. In 1893 the subject of 114 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY this review was elected to the vice presidency of the institution and has sin devoted his entire time to his banking interests, his efforts being a potent elememt in extending the scope of the bank and placing its affairs upon a most broad an safe foundation. In the year 1876 Mr. Rawson was united in marriage to Miss Lucie Russ a daughter of John and Mary S. (Ryland) Russell, both of Cincinnati, and the have seven children. The record of Mr. Rawson needs little comment for it familiar to his fellow townsmen among whom he has spent his entire life. HENRY DREMAN. Through energy, perseverance and grit Henry Dreman, of Cincinnati, no deceased, forged his way through obstacles that would have defeated an ordina individual to a position of ease and independence. He was a native of Holzhaus Hanover, Germany, born August 28, 1836, and is a son of Henry Dreman. possessed advantages of education in the common schools and at sixteen yea of age bravely started out in the world to seek his fortune. He crossed the ocean to Quebec, Canada, in 1852, and continued in that city for about four years. September, 1856, he removed to Cleveland, Ohio, where he learned the rope maker's trade, and in 1859, believing that more favorable conditions existed at Cincinnati, he arrived in this city and here readily found employment at his trade. About 1861 he started in business on his own account, opening a small factory on Howard street, near the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad. He was remarkably industrious and enterprising and with the aid of a horse and wa sold rope, etc., throughput Hamilton county. About 1864, his business has prospered, he opened a larger factory on Dreman street, near the Cincinnati Hamilton & Dayton Railroad, and also established an office and store at 338 Main street. About 1878 he became connected with the rag and paper business, being associated with John McCall, but still retained his interest in the factory store. Subsequently he acquired his partner's share in the business and admitted to the firm Ebenezer Bowen, his old bookkeeper. In April, 1891, he sold out his entire business to Mr. Bowen and purchased stock in the Bruckmann Brewing Company, of which he was elected vice president. As a practical business man of many years' experience he proved a valuable accession to the company and the methods which he instituted very largely increased its revenues. On the 14th of August, 1862, at Cincinnati, Mr. Dreman was married to Miss Catherine Bermier, a daughter of Frederick Bermier. She was born Germany and came to the United States when she was about fifteen years age, first taking up her home at New Orleans. Subsequently she became a resident of Cincinnati. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Dreman, three of whom survive, namely : John, who married Barbara Deihl and is secretary the Bruckmann Brewing Company and also a member of the Elks ; Kate, w married J. G. Cook, of Cincinnati, and has four children, Flora, Helen, Isabelle and Dreman ; and Lillia, who is the wife of Stanley Hart, of Cincinnati. Dreman died January 15, 1904, being about sixty-eight years of age at the time his demise. He was an active member of the German Pioneer Society, the Odd CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 117 Fellows, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the German Gardeners Association. In politics he gave his support to the republican party. He never aspired to public office but was often consulted concerning political affairs, being thoroughly informed as to local politics and also upon all subjects of importance pertaining to the welfare of the city. He was highly successful in business and, although he started empty handed, having nothing to depend upon but his strong arms and an indomitable ambition, he acquired a fortune. Mrs. Dreman lives in a handsome modern home on Dreman avenue, which was named in honor of her husband. JOSEPH JOSEPH. Joseph Joseph was a successful business man and philanthropist, whose prosperity was a source of gratification to him because it gave him opportunity to aid his fellowmen and thus give expression to his beneficent spirit and humanitarian principles. He was born near Frankfort, Germany, on the 12th of July, 1847, and was a son of David and Edith Joseph, both of whom spent their entire lives in Germany. The son pursued his education there and at the age of seventeen years came alone to America. He had heard many reports concerning the opportunities of the new world that were attractive to him and he hoped to find better business opportunities than he felt he could secure in the fatherland. At first he made his way to Cincinnati, where he had relatives, and soon afterward he went to Missouri, where he engaged in merchandising for about six years. At that time he returned to Cincinnati, where he engaged in the hide and wool business, but soon afterward organized the Joseph & Brothers Company on Harrison avenue. Although he began operations on a limited scale, he developed a very extensive enterprise, building an extensive plant and having branch houses and agencies in many foreign countries. Gradually the business developed under his careful guidance and in all things he showed himself a man of marked aptitude, keen discrimination and sound judgment. He remained an active factor in the control of the enterprise up to the time of his death, which occurred on the 9th of November, 1904. This business is a splendid monument to his skill, determination, industry and sagacity. In Cincinnati, on the 25th of September, 1872, Mr. Joseph was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Brown, a daughter of Ferdinand and Sophia Brown, who were early residents of this city, where her father was engaged in the live-stock business. Mrs. Joseph was born. here and has spent her entire life in Cincinnati and is a member of Jewish Council Benevolent Association. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph became the parents of ten children, and to them gave liberal educational advantages, thus well qualifying them for life's practical experiences and responsible duties. Their eldest son, Leonard J., who married Helen Rosenfield, is now a resident of Galveston, Texas. Eli, the second son, is president of the Joseph & Joseph Brothers Company and the Railway Supply & Manufacturing Company, doing business at No. 1242 Harrison avenue. He married Miss Beulah Gumbel, of New Orleans, and resides in New York city. Edith is the wife of Lewis Rorheimer, a resident of Cleveland, Ohio, and they have two children : Vol. III-6 118 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY James and Louise. Maurice is the vice president and secretary of the Joseph & Joseph Brothers Company, and married Elsie Bernard, by whom he thas one son, Joseph B. Sidney, who was traveling in Europe for the benefit of his health, recently lost his life in Germany by falling from a cliff. He was a remarkably gifted young man, with splendid traits of character and of high moral as well as intellectual worth. For the benefit of his health he traveled in various climes and countries and, thinking that he found most relief in Germany, he settled there several years ago. It was while .touring through the Hartz mountains that the accident occurred, which brought the deepest sorrow and regret to his many friends, in whose memory he will ever live. His innate refinement and culture, his kindly manner and unfeigned cordiality were qualities which won him the highest regard with all with whom he had been associated. His remains were brought to Cincinnati for interment and his funeral, was very largely attended, showing the high regard entertained for him by all who knew him. Arthur, who is treasurer of the company which was organized by his father, married Florence Wolfe, of Chicago, and has one child, Elaine. Sophia is the wife of William J. Schroder, an attorney of Cincinnati, by whom she has one daughter, Mary. David is also connected with the business. Alma is at home. Helen, the youngest of the family, is still in school. Mrs. Joseph occupies a beaDeathl residence in Avondale. Death came to Mr. Joseph on the 9th of November, 1904, and his remains were interred in the United Jewish cemetery on Walnut Hills. His death was a distinct loss to his family and friends, to business circles and also to philanthropic interests and to the social circles in which he moved. He was a member of the Phoenix Club and the Cincinnati Club and held membership with the Mound Street temple, now the. Rockdale temple, of which he was one of the directors. He Was likewise one of the directors of the Jewish Hospital and built and furnished the nurses' home in connection with that institution. Hi charitable spirit found expression in many other ways and at all times he responded quickly and generously to the call of the poor and needy. Many there are who have cause to remember him with gratitude, and Cincinnati may well class-him with her representative citizens because of the splendid business enterprise which he built tip. WILLIAM McCAMMON. Splendid business ability brought William McCammon to an enviable position in business and financial circles, but it was not only the magnitude of th success that attended his efforts that won him the admiration and regard of many friends, but those sterling qualities of manhood and citizenship which in every land and clime awaken confidence and esteem. He was born in Cincinnati September 30, 1830, representing one of the old families of the city. His parents were William and Ellen (McGinnis) McCammon. The mother was also born in this city, while the father was a native of Scotland, but coming to America, he cast in his lot with the early settlers here and in time became a extensive owner of property. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 119 William McCammon was the third in order of birth in a family of four sons. At the usual age he entered the public schools and when young began learning the hardware business, applying himself with earnestness and firm purpose to the mastery of the trade. His ability thus increased day by day, and later he engaged in business on his own account. Subsequently he removed westward to San Francisco, where he conducted a hardware store for about fifteen years. On the expiration of that period he disposed of his interests on the Pacific coast and returned to Warren county, Ohio, where he purchased a large farm, upon which he resided until 1888. He then gave the farm to one of his sons and returned to Cincinnati, purchasing property at No. 406 Broadway, where his widow still resides. From that time forward his attention was given to the supervision of his large interests here. He bought and sold stocks and bonds and figured prominently in financial circles of the city. He gave to another son a farm which he owned in Miami county and it was always one of the pleasures of his life to provide liberally for his family. At Sacramento, California, on the 14th of August, 1856, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. McCammon and Miss Mary Ann Burke. She was a daughter of John and Mary Burke, the former an attorney who had practiced for a number of years in New Orleans, where the girlhood days of Mrs. McCammon were passed. She had eight brothers and one sister, but is now the only surviving member cf the family. Unto Mr. and Mrs. McCammon were born four sons, all born in San Francisco. Two of the number died in childhood, while the others are William and George. The former, born September 14, 1858, is now a resident of Clermont county, Ohio. He wedded Cora McGill, who had formerly been one of his schoolmates and unto them have been born eight children: Ellen, who is now the wife of Samuel West and has a son, Samuel ; Arthur, who married Miss Bessie Johnson ; Mabel; Hazel, the wife of Dr. Buckingham; Cora; Harold ; Mercedes ; and William, deceased. The younger son, George McCammon, was born August 14, 1860, and resides at Milford, Ohio. He wedded Anna Blake, of New Orleans, and they have three children : George, William and John. Both sons attended Delaware College and are capable and progressive business men. The death of the husband and father occurred May 26, 1909, at which time Mrs. McCammon penned the following lines : "Sad is my heart and joy is unknown, Here in my sorrow I am weeping alone. What you have been in life to me I only knew when you were gone. How strong the tie of love has been I only knew when left alone. Though the world is full of trouble, Full of sorrow and of pain, Yet to me it would be heaven If only you were here again." Mr. McCammon was laid to rest in Spring Grove cemetery. He never took an active part in politics nor was connected with clubs or lodges, preferring to 120 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY spend his evenings at his own fireside amidst his family and friends. He was a member of the Christian church and was very loyal to its teachings. He had a wide acquaintance and all who knew him entertained for him kindly regard and warm friendship. He was a most kind-hearted man, very. considerate of the feeling of others, ever willing to extend a helping hand to the poor and needy, and ever ready to aid in a movement or measure for the public good.' Although he did not seek to figure prominently in public life, his interests were broad and his influence was ever given on the side of reform, progress and improvement. He was a champion of right and truth and his quiet example was nevertheless a potent one for the benefit and upholding of all that is best for the individual and for the community. His many excellent traits of character, his kindly impulses, and his unfeigned cordiality gave him indeed a firm hold upon the affection of those with whom he came in contact. ELBERT PIKE MARSHALL. Strong in his ability to plan and perform, strong in his manhood and in his good name, Elbert Pike Marshall stands as one of the representative and honored residents of Cincinnati, where for forty-two years he has made his home, associated throughout the entire period with the Union Central Life Insurance Company, today the second largest life insurance company west of New York. His business interests and executive ability have been elements in the constant progress of this company and in the upbuilding of what is today one of the most important financial corporations of Ohio. He was born near Hamilton, Butler county, Ohio, June 15, 1845, a son of Dr. John G. and Eliza (Alston) Marshall. His paternal grandfather accompanied his father to Ohio very early in the nineteenth century, having previously resided in Kentucky. He was a representative of the Marshall family prominent in Kentucky and Virginia. The maternal grandfather became a resident of Ohio about 1790, removing from New Jersey. He was a son of Thomas Alston, an ensign in the Seventh Middlesex Regiment of New Jersey during the war of the revolution, as shown by the records in the office of the adjutant general at Trenton, New Jersey, which records bear evidence of the fact that he was in active duty for about two years in the Continental army under General Washington. Dr. Marshall, father of E. P. Marshall, was born in Reading, Hamilton county, Ohio, in 1819, and became a capable and distinguished physician and surgeon, his untiring devotion to his profession at length undermining his health so that he died at the comparatively early age of thirty-five years. In the public schools of Hamilton, Ohio, Elbert Pike Marshall pursued his early education and afterward entered Farmers' College at College Hill, Ohio, being there graduated in June, 1863, with the degree of B. A. He completed his course when eighteen years of age and was then appointed by the secretary of the navy as master's mate. He served for two years in the navy, at the end of which time he was honorably discharged, the war having ended. He was on the United States Steamship Ouichita of the Mississippi Squadron and was in several engagements during the expedition up the Red river in the spring of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 121 1864. He holds an honorable discharge dated October, 1865, and signed by Hon. Gideon Welles, then secretary of the navy. In January, 1869, he entered the service of the Union Central Life Insurance Company of Cincinnati. He was elected assistant secretary in May of that year and secretary in January, 1881. Six years later he was made actuary and in June, 1906, became vice president. For twenty-five years, from 1881 until 1906, he was closely associated with the late Governor John M. Pattison in building up the Union Central Life Insurance Company, Mr. Pattison being at that time president and E. P. Marshall secretary. This company is now the largest financial institution in the state of Ohio and the second largest life insurance company west of New York city. Mr. Marshall was one of the original subscribers to the capital stock of the company, which was organized in 1867. The first meeting of the organizers was held in the rooms of the old Methodist Book Concern, then located at the corner of Eighth and Main streets. The idea originated with some gentlemen of Hamilton, Ohio, who enlisted the cooperation of well known business men of Cincinnati. When the company had complied with the state law demanding that a deposit of one hundred thousand dollars be made with the state treasurer the company was duly organized and a board of thirteen directors elected, with John Cochnower as president, John P. P. Peck as vice president and N. W. Harris, a man of practical experience in insurance lines, as secretary and insurance manager. The business made a steady growth and in 1871 took over the two other local life insurance companies, the Cincinnati Mutual and the Home Mutual. On the 1st of October, 1874, a building was purchased at the southeast corner of Fourth street and Central avenue, which has remained the home of the company for thirty-seven years. The founders of the company were men of integrity and high character in the religious and business world. They resolved to place the company upon a substantial basis with no weak points in its construction or business management, ever basing their course upon the high principles of honor, integrity and fair dealing. This policy has been maintained from the outset. Mr. Marshall, its present vice president, has been intimately associated with the progress of the Union Central from 1869, a period of forty-two years, as an officer, director and member of the executive committee which is the governing body of the company. During this period it has had constant growth, its assets in 1869 being less than two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, while today they are over eighty-four million dollars. On the 17th of October, 1871, at Lindsay, Canada, Mr. Marshall was married to Miss Rachel, a daughter of the Rev. Charles Freshman, D. D., then a minister of the Methodist church. He was a native of Hungary and in 1855 emigrated to the new world, settling in Canada. He was a graduate of the University of Prague, an accomplished linguist and a devoted Christian minister until his death in 1874. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Marshall have been born three children who are yet living: Grace, a teacher of domestic science in Woodward high school; Elsa, who studied vocal music in New York and abroad; and John Elbert, who is with the Union Central Life Insurance Company and is now located in New York city. Mr. Marshall is active as a member and official of the Methodist Episcopal church and is much interested in the various departments of church activity. He cooperates in the various movements for general good in Cincinnati, at present is a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati 122 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Chamber of Commerce and for six years was a member of the board of directors of the Industrial Bureau. He also belongs to the Business Men's Club, the City Club and the Sons of the Revolution. He is a charter member of the Actuarial Society of America and is a valued representative of the Grand Army of the Republic, having held the office of commander of the local post with which he was then affiliated. In politics he is a republican where national issues are involved, supporting candidates and measures best calculated to promote and uphold the general welfare. He has never held public office save as a member of the local school board of the village of Lockland, of which he was president some years ago. He prefers that his public service shall be done as a private citizen, yet no man is more loyal to the best interests of Cincinnati or more earnestly desires and seeks its welfare. JOHN MULLANE. The life record of John Mullane covered a period of fifty-six years, practically all of which was spent in Cincinnati, few men contributing more toward the up-building of the business interests of the city. Honored and respected by all who knew him, he occupied a prominent place in commercial circles and for many years was at the head of one of the most flourishing candy manufacturing establishments in the country. He was born on Mound street, in this city, August 8, 1854, being the youngest son of William and Mary (Fitzgerald) Mullane, who were both natives of Ireland. They were married on the Emerald isle and came to America previous to the '50s. The father was a printer and was employed by the Robert Clarke Company, of this city. He died when the subject of this review was eight years of age, leaving a widow with three sons. Mrs. Mullane bravely assumed the responsibility of providing for her children and opened a small candy store on Mound street, near the schoolhouse, this store being the foundation of the large establishment now in operation in this city. She later moved to the corner of Court and Baymiller streets and prospered to such an extent that she opened a larger store and factory at Eighth street and Central avenue. Her two older sons died at the ages of seventeen and twenty-four respectively and the mother was called away in 1890. She was a devout member of the Catholic church and a noble and true hearted woman. John Mullane assisted his mother in the store as he grew up and received his early education in the Cathedral school, later on account of poor health being sent to a boarding school at Dayton, Ohio. After returning home he devoted his entire time to the candy business and in August, 1895, opened the large store and factory at No. 4 Ladies Square, on Fourth street between Race and Vine streets, which has since been the headquarters of the business. Under his skillful management the business prospered, the house becoming one of the well known and highly popular establishments of the city. In 1876, in Canada, Mr. Mullane was married to Miss Harriet Giroux, a lady of French parentage, who died December 9, 1891, leaving four children: Adele, who married Frederick Corl, of Louisville, Kentucky; and Charles G., A. Gerald and Harvey P., all of whom live at home and are in charge of the large and grow- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 125 ing business on Fourth street. Mr. Mullane was a second time married, June 26, 1899, the lady of his choice being Miss Mary L. Cahill, a daughter of David and Cincinnati (Brown) Cahill, who were of Irish descent but were both born in Cincinnati. The father was born on Price Hill and the mother at the corner of Eighth and Vine streets. The father was born in a loghouse; his parents having been among the early settlers of Cincinnati, and he engaged in farming. By his second marriage Mr. Mullane was the father of one daughter, Alicia. He was reared in the folds of the Catholic church and continued a consistent member during his entire life. He died July 5, 1910, and his body now reposes in St. Joseph's cemetery. He was never a member of any lodge or secret organization, preferring to spend his evenings at home with his family. He was always interested in the welfare of the city but had no ambition to hold political office or to appear in any public capacity. A generous hearted man, he was a liberal contributor to worthy causes. Early accustomed to work, he was industrious, enterprising and progressive, ever aiming at greater proficiency and quick to adopt the most effective methods. The great business which bears his name is a constant reminder of his application and sound judgment. Possessing the genial, social qualities of the race from which he sprang, he made a host of friends who hold his name in honor and reverence. Mrs. Mullane, who resides in a beautiful home on Walnut Hills, is a woman of many estimable qualities and has a large circle of warm personal friends in the city where she has spent. her entire life. BARTON WARREN WASSON. Since 1863 Barton Warren Wasson has been a prominent figure in connection with the grain trade in Cincinnati. At times other business interests have also claimed his attention but his activities are now confined to this field, save for his forceful and resultant cooperation in projects of a public character that are seeking the welfare and substantial growth of the city. He was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, August 26, 1829. His father, Joseph Wasson, a native of Pennsylvania, was born in 1795 and served in the war of 1812, after which he followed the occupation of farming to 1847, when he retired to private life and removed to Lexington, where his death occurred in 1879. In early manhood he wedded Sarah Hearne, who was born in Maryland and in her girlhood days went to Kentucky with her parents, the father establishing his home in Bourbon county, adjoining the plantation of the Wasson family. The Hearne family trace their ancestry back to the nobility of England. The Wasson family was prominent in Kentucky, Joseph Wasson being a warm friend of Henry Clay. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Wasson there were born nine children but only two are now living, the elder brother being John M. Wasson, whose birth occurred in Kentucky, in 1824. In the common schools of his native county Barton W. Wasson pursued his education until 1847, when he entered the preparatory department of Princeton University, and in the fall of that year entered upon the regular college work as a freshman. At the close of the year he was matriculated in Bacon College, now Transylvania University, of Kentucky, but at the close of the. sophomore 126 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY year became ill with cholera and for some time thereafter was in poor health so that he did not again enter school. His first connection with business affairs was in a drug store which his father purchased in 1849. His time was thus passed for five years, at the end of which period because of impaired health, he sold the business and sought the benefit of outdoor life in a farming experience, devoting his energies to agricultural pursuits until the fall of 1860. For three years thereafter he engaged in no business on account of the serious illness of his wife, spending that time in Lexington after selling his farm. In May, 1863, Mr. Wasson came to Cincinnati and throughout the intervening years has been connected with the grain trade. His first venture here was in the commission and grain business and in 1868 he drifted into the cotton and grain business, pursuing his operations along that line until 1881, when he ceased to deal longer in cotton but has since continued in the grain operations. His position as a prominent representative of business interests here has long been assured. In the year of his removal to this city he became a member of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and in 1869 was elected a member of its official board, on which he served for two terms, of two years each. He was vice president of the board two terms, after the removal to the new building. In August, 1909, he was elected an honorary member for life of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, which indicates most clearly the high regard accorded him by those who are prominent in business circles of the city. On the 26th of November, 1851, occurred the marriage of Mr. Wasson and Miss Laura G. Graves, who was born in Woodford county, Kentucky, in 1832, a daughter of R. C. and Lucy (Mitchell) Graves. Her father was a farmer and also engaged in the manufacture of bagging and ropes. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Wasson have been born seven children : Lucy, now the wife of J. W. Owens, of St. Paul; Mary, the wife of W. R. Cook, also of that city; Joseph, residing upon a ranch in Colorado; Florence, at home; James M., of St. Paul; Laura, at home; and Bessie, the wife of J. 0. Dalzell, of Spokane, Washington. On the night of April 18, 1911, Mr. and Mrs. Dalzell met death through acc11dental asphyxiation and their remains were brought back t0 Cincinnati for interment, the funeral services being held in the family residence in Norwood. They left two children, Jack, eleven years of age, and Florence, a little maiden of five summers, who are now living with their grandparents. Mr. and Mrs. Wasson have traveled life's journey together as man and wife for sixty years their mutual love and confidence increasing as time passed by. They have ha a family of seven children, five grandchildren and four great-grandchildren and the deaths of their daughter and her husband were the first in the family. Mr. Wasson has long been independent in politics, yet ever keeps in touch with the leading questions of the day, and to those problems which are of vital interest as factors in good government. Both he and his wife have been life long members of the Christian church and in its work have taken a most helpful part. Soon after coming to Cincinnati Mr. Wasson was elected deacon of the church and for twenty years has been one of its elders. In the teachings of the church have been found the guiding spirit of his life, prompting him never to choose the "second best" but always those things :which are most worth while for the individual and the city. While he has never been a public man in social or political life, he has always been quite prominent in church circles and there CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 127 is no good work either in the name of charity or religion which does not find in him an earnest and material helper. His ability is recognized but respect for his own oft-expressed desires to be left in the modest seclusion of his home life has kept him from what other men dearly crave and seldom obtain. JACOB SHRODER. Jacob Shroder, the importance and extent of whose law practice establishes his position as one of the distinguished members of the Cincinnati bar, is a representative of one of the old families of this city and here his birth occurred on the 19th of April, 1847. His parents, Bernhard and Pauline (Moses) Shroder, were natives of Germany and France respectively, the former born July 22, 1816, and the latter on the 27th of January, 1819. The father came to Cincinnati from Wurzburg, Germany, in 1839, when a young man of twenty-three years, and for a long period figured prominently in this city as merchant and capitalist. He died July 26, 1894, while his wife, who came to Cincinnati from Forbach, France, in 1841, passed away January 24, 1907. After mastering the branches of learning taught in the public schools and pursuing his studies in the Woodward high school Jacob Shroder entered Harvard University. Since preparing for the bar and successfully passing the examination that admitted him to practice before the courts, Mr. Shroder has devoted his time almost exclusively to his profession, and is today one of the eminent attorneys of Cincinnati. The careful regard evinced for the interests of his clients and an assiduous and unrelaxing attention to all the details of his cases have brought him a large business and made him very successful in its conduct. An able writer, his briefs always show wide research, careful thought and the best and strongest reasons which can be urged for his contention, presented in cogent and logical form and illustrated by a style unusually lucid and clear. He was the representative of the United States government in the court of claims at Washington, D. C., in 1869, 1870 and 1871. In 1886 he was elected to the bench of the common pleas court of Hamilton county and served until 1892. He has great respect for the dignity of judicial place and power, and as a result of that personal characteristic the proceedings were always orderly upon the part of every one—audience, bar and the officers from the highest to the lowest. His opinions are fine specimens of judicial thought, always clear, logical and as brief as the character of the case will permit. He never enlarges beyond the necessities of the legal thought in order to indulge in the drapery of literature. His mind, during the entire period of his course at the bar and on the bench, has been directed in the line of his profession and his duty. In 1906, although of opposite political allegiance to the majority of that body, he was made attorney for the senate of the state of Ohio in the Drake investigating committee cases. It has only been when called upon for other public service that Mr. Shroder has put aside the work of the profession. The cause of education, however, has benefited by his stalwart championship and progressive plans. He was 128 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY president of the union board of high schools of Cincinnati in 1905, 1909 and 1910, and has been a member of that board continuously since 1893. On the 11th of November, 1874, Mr. Shroder was married to Miss Bertha, daughter of Wolf and Mina (Kinstler) Fechheimer. Mr. and Mrs. Shroder now have three children : Retta, the wife of Mark L. Patek, of Milwaukee; William J., who married Sophia Joseph and lives in Cincinnati ; and Lenore, the wife of Joseph Lowe, of this city. Mr. Shroder is a member of the congregation of Rockdale Avenue temple. He also belongs to the Business Men's Club and the Wednesday Club, and his political support is given to the republican party. Pronounced ability has gained for him the position of distinction which he occupies, both as a citizen and a attorney of Cincinnati. FREDERICK BURCKHARDT. In the list of honored citizens of Cincinnati now deceased is the name of Frederick Burckhardt, who was summoned from earthly scenes January 1899. Although more than a decade has elapsed since he was called away hi memory lives brightly in the hearts and minds of those with whom he was associated, and the many kindly acts of his life continue to bear fruit and extend their blessings. He was a native of Carlsruhe, Germany, born May 3, 1820, being a son of Baron Christian von Burckhardt and Countess Wilhelmina von Brandt. The parents came with their three children to America and lived for time at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, later removing to Beaver county, Pennsylvania where the father had purchased a tract of land on which he laid out the tow of Baden. In 1846 the family arrived in Cincinnati. Frederick Burckhardt received an excellent education as he grew towar manhood and gained his first acquaintance with commercial affairs by associating with his brother in the grocery business. He was of an investigating turn of mind and they took hold of an experimental oil refinery which grew to handsome proportions so that in 1860 they were compelled to seek larger guarters which they found on Hammond street. The partnership between the two brothers continued until 1871, when Frederick became sole owner of the refinery and continued in charge during the remainder of his life. For more than forty years he was prominent as a business man, showing an ability that gave him standing among the leaders in commercial affairs of the city. His courteous an genial manner attracted many friends and his employes always found in him a trusted counsellor and a just arbiter, thus avoiding strikes in his establishment. As the years passed, through his energy and industry he acquired a fortune, also becoming recognized as one of the highly progressive and enterprising business men of the city. In 1854 Mr. Burckhardt was united in marriage to Miss Katherine Kittredge, who died in 1860, leaving three children—Frederick, Mina and Rufus. In 1870 he was again married, the lady of his choice being Miss Millicent Wolcott daughter of Horatio Gates Wolcott. Four children came to bless this union three of whom survive, namely : Horatio, Elizabeth and Karl. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 131 Mr. Burckhardt was one of the pioneer members of the Chamber of Commerce and was always interested in its affairs. Politically he affiliated with the republican party. He assisted greatly in the promotion of education and was a life long student of music, science, art and literature, making marked progress along those lines. He was also an extensive traveler and a man of rare taste whose great pleasure was not in money Making but in the society of his family and friends or in communion in his well selected library with the master minds of the ages. One who knew him well wrote of him a few days after his death : "Frederick Burckhardt, whose sudden demise was so great a shock to his many friends, belonged to a type as rare as it was admirable, the courteous gentleman, recreating his leisure with microscopy, collections of gems or music in which his taste and skill surpassed that of many professionals. He was also a model man of affairs, personally attentive to every detail of a very large business. High thoughts seated in a heart of courtesy; a conscience void of offense in all dealings with his fellowmen, a sense of justice and commercial honor ; a consideration for those in his employ that had attached some of the men for forty years to his service ; and lastly, that which is so often neglected in our busy age, the culture imposed by self respect, the noblesse oblige of the well-born. The Burckhardts were nobles in Germany—these were the qualities that distinguished this true gentleman, and made his example one of price beyond rubies." Mr. Burckhardt was modest and unassuming, possessing, however, an innate nobility which indicated the true gentleman. The family on the father's side was entitled to one of the oldest quarterings in Germany, and on the mother's side was allied to the Von Arnimes, both historic princely families of Germany. As a citizen of the republic Mr. Burckhardt cast all titles aside, personal merit and not ancestry being his criterion of worth. ISADORE TRAGER. Among Cincinnati's business men who have worked their way upward from a humble position to one of affluence, success coming as the merited reward of close application and unfaltering industry intelligently directed, Isadore Trager was numbered. He was among the worthy citizens that Germany furnished to new new world, his birth having occurred in Elberfeld in 1845. Only ordinary educational opportunities were afforded him and when still a youth he crossed the Atlantic to the new world, making his way to. Louisville, Kentucky, where he lived for a number of years. For thirty-five years prior to his death, however, he was a resident of Cincinnati, and during the early period of his stay in this city he. traveled for the firm of A. Senior & Son Company. He then embarked in business for himself and in the line of trade which he chose made steady advancement, securing substantial success as the years went by. He was the founder and the president of the I. Trager Company of Cincinnati, which in 1886 established a wholesale liquor house with which he was actively connected until his demise. His name was also known in financial circles of the city as that of a director of the Peoples Trust & Savings Company. 132 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Trager was the father of two sons and three daughters, namely : Newton ; J. Garfield; Mrs. Ethel (Trager) Krammer, of St. Louis ; Mrs. Blanche (Trager) Gugenheim ; and Miss Elma Trager. One of the sources of Mr. Trager's satisfaction in his success was that it enabled him to provide liberally for his family, to whom he was most devoted. He was also greatly interested in religious and charitable work and was a member of the board of directors of several Jewish institutions. He was also prominent in Masonry, attaining the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and also crossing the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He likewise held membership with the Benevolent and .Protective Order of Elks. He was a trustee of the Ben Israel congregation, a trustee of the Cleveland Orphan Asylum and o the United Jewish Charities. As he prospered he gave generously of his means for the benefit of others, his sympathy reaching out in generous support to the institutions and projects providing for the relief of the destitute or those upon whom an untoward fate imposed heavy burdens of life. RALPH EWING CLARK. Ralph Ewing Clark is not only well known as an attorney-at-law of Cincinnati, but also as a leader in political reform and an advocate of various projects and measures for the general good. His worth as a citizen is widely rec ognized and his life history, therefore, cannot fail to prove of interest to many Cincinnati numbers him among her native sons, his bir20thaving here occurre on the 2oth of August, 1874. His father, Alexander Clark, was born in Roches ter, New York, and came to Cincinnati in the early '5os, after which he turne his attention to the wholesale hardware business, being first associated wit the firm of Peter Neff & Company and later with the firm of Dickson, Clar & Company and Clark, Widdifield & Company. He married Margaret Adam a daughter of the late John H. Adams, of Wilmington, Delaware, who w prominently known as an iron manufacturer, and was the first president of the Security Trust & Safe Deposit Company of Wilmington. In the acquirement of his education Ralph E. Clark supplemented his preliminary studies by attending the Germantown Academy of Germantown, no Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, after which he went abroad and became a studen in Institution Sillig at Vevey, Switzerland. He was graduated from the Wood ward high school of Cincinnati with the fourss of 1894 and completed a fon years' course at Yale in 1898, at which time the Bachelor of Arts degree was conferred upon him. In the Cincinnati Law School he received thorough instruction in preparation for the bar and won his LL. B. degree in 1902. Admitted to practice, he is now successfully following his profession, and through out the period from his graduation to the present time has been associate with the firm of Hollister & Hollister, at No. 1325 Union Trust building. Recognizing the fact that even a thorough understanding of the principles of is not sufficient, but that careful preparation of each case is equally essential fo success at the bar, Mr. Clark puts forth earnest effort in that direction in hi clients' service and has won many notable victories. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 133 In politics Mr. Clark is an independent republican and was one of the committee of fifty who organized the city party in an effort to introduce practical reform in local politics and free the city from the burden of misrule in municipal affairs. He is one of the executive committee of the Honest Election Committee, and has been a cooperant factor in many reform movements. He is also one of the governors of the City Club, a member of the University Club and of the Avondale Presbyterian church. These associations indicate the nature of his interests and the principles to which he adheres, and establishes his position among those who seek the public good rather than the aggrandizement of self. RALPH RICK ER CALDWELL. The history of the bar records failures and successes. Men versed in the principles of jurisprudence have not always made progress in the profession, because of a lack of that ability which enables the individual to correctly apply his knowledge to the points in litigation and to give relative prominence to each phase of the case. In both particulars Ralph Ricker Caldwell is well qualified and has, moreover, a spirit of determination and of laudable ambition which prompts persistent, earnest and, therefore, successful effort. He was born May 1, 1877, in Amelia, Clermont county, Ohio, his parents being William G. and Mina (Ricker) Caldwell. The father, of Scotch-Irish ancestry, was born in the north of Ireland and in youth came to America, finally becoming a resident of Cincinnati in 1862. He was a lace importer and figured prominently in commercial circles here. His wife, who was born in Amelia, Ohio, came of New England ancestry. Spending his youthful days under the parental roof, Ralph R. Caldwell was a pupil in the public schools until he had completed a course in the Hughes high school with the class of 1895. His college training was received in the University of Cincinnati, where he won his Bachelor of Science degree in 1899. Two years later he completed a course in the Harvard Law School, winning his LL. B. degree, and thus, well equipped by thorough and comprehensive training, he entered upon active practice, and in the ensuing decade has made steady progress toward the front rank of the profession, occupying now a most creditable position for one of his years. He is very careful in the preparation of his cases and his logic is sound and his arguments convincing. Aside from his profession Mr. Caldwell is connected with the Citizens' Mortgage & Loan Company. His benevolent spirit is manifest in his connection with e Associated Charities, and he is also identified with the Cincinnati Associated rganizations, with the City Club, the Harvard Club and the Literary Club, his membership in these indicating the breadth and nature of his interests. In of those societies he occupies an official position and he also holds membership in the New England Society, the Cincinnati Golf 'Club and the Business Men's Club. His cooperation can always be counted upon where united effort is put forth to better municipal conditions and introduce the wholesome and purifying reforms which have been growing up in the political and social 134 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY life of the country. In 1895 he became a member of the Beta Theta Pi and was president of the Cincinnati chapter of that fraternity in 1898-9. In politics he is an independent republican, never sacrificing his right of independent thought and action to the domination of boss. rule. Strong in his individuality and his manhood, he is leaving his impress upon the various interests, professional and otherwise, with which he is allied. ALFRED A. TUCKER. Alfred A., Tucker, occupying the position of cashier in the Cincinnati post-Office, was born in this city March 12, 1857, and is one of four living children in a family of nine whose parents were George W. and Sarah (Huntsman) Tucker. The father was born in Watertown, Massachusetts, in 1807, while the mother, a native of Pennsylvania, was born in 1817. In early life George \V. Tucker learned the harness maker's trade and later engaged in business on his Own account as a harness manufacturer. He came to Cincinnati in 1831, when the city had scarcely emerged from villagehood, and conducted a shop where the Traction building now stands. His son Alfred A. Tucker was sent as a pupil to the public schools and when he had completed the work of the grades entered Woodward high school, from which he was graduated with the class of 1876. Thinking to devote his life to a professional career, he then entered the Miami Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1880. He practiced for two years but since that time has been in public positions. He served as cashier of the postoffice from 1891 until 1895 and in 1899 was again appointed to this position, which he has since held, his incumbency in the office covering sixteen years. He has been retained under different administrations and his long connection with that office stands as incontrovertible proof of his ability and trustworthiness: He was also for several years. connected with the Cincinnati Waterworks as receiving teller and for three years was bookkeeper in the county auditor's office. His record as an 'official is one over which there falls no shadow of wrong or suspicion of evil. Mr. Tucker has always given his political allegiance to the republican party and has been a faithful worker in its ranks for the promotion of its growth and the extension of its influence. He has long held membership in the Masonic fraternity, is a Knights Templar and Scottish Rite Mason and has also crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He maintains membership' relations with the Blaine Club and Stamina League. JOSEPH TORRENCE BLAIR. Joseph Torrence Blair, for fifteen years secretary of The J. M. Blair Brick Company, has steadily advanced toward the goal of prosperity through th employment of methods that ever constitute the basis of honorable success Well formulated plans, carefully executed, and industry, intelligently directed. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 135 have brought him to the creditable position which he now occupies in manufacturing circles in Cincinnati, his native city. He was born in Cincinnati, a son of John H. and Eliza Taylor Blair. His father was for many years an active and prominent business man of this city, well known as a brick contractor from 1827 until 1883—the date of his death. He was also for a long period engaged in brick manufacture, developing and controlling extensive brick works at Blairville on the Ohio river, about eighteen miles from Cincinnati. His son Joseph T. Blair was a pupil in the public schools until his desire to enter business circles prompted him to put aside his text-books and take up the more strenuous duties that come when school days are over. His business career has practically been separated into two periods. For fifteen years hens secretary of a local fire insurance company and for an equal period has been secretary of The J. M. Blair. Brick Company, engaged extensively in the manufacture of brick. In this connection he has given evidence of excellent business ability, which has its basis in unfaltering industry and a careful study of the situation bearing upon his field of activity. On the 24th of September, 1879, Mr. Blair was united in marriage to Miss Eloise Wright Barringer, a daughter of Colonel A. V. Barringer, of Columbus, Ohio. Their two children are John Taylor Blair and Mary Louise, the wife of Colburn S. Foulds. Mr. and Mrs. Blair hold membership in the Episcopal lurch. He was formerly secretary of the Young Men's Mercantile Library Association and vice president of the Young Men's Blaine Club, his popularity nd his recognized ability leading to his selection for official honors. In politics he is an earnest republican and for a term of four years in the '90s did good work as a member of the Hamilton county board of control. In 1907 he was elected recorder of Hamilton county and on the expiration of his first term of two years was reelected, remaining as the incumbent, of the office to 1911. The story of his life is the story of individual thrift and business sagacity combined with the spirit of western energy and enterprise. It is true he did not have the humble origin or experience the early privations of some men who have achieved success, but, on the other hand, not one in a thousand who have enjoyed his modest advantages have turned them to such excellent account. The wisdom and energy which he has displayed in business constitute an example for the American youth. OLIVER P. COE, M. D. Dr. Oliver P. Coe, a practicing physician and coroner of Hamilton county, hich position he has filled since 1908, was born at Great Bend, Meigs county, Ohio, December 9, 1874, a son of Oliver P. and Mary J. Coe. He completed is public-school education by graduation from the high school at Syracuse, Ohio, with the class of 1892. Two years later he entered Ohio Wesleyan Uniersity, in which he pursued a three years' course, his broad literary learning constituting the foundation upon which he has builded his later success. He was a student from 1897 until 1901 in the Ohio Medical College, at Cincinnati, and added to his theoretical training the benefit of broad practical experience as 136 - CINCINNATI -—THE QUEEN CITY interne in Cincinnati Hospital in 1900-01. In latter year he was resident physician in that hospital, and so continued until 1903. He then entered his the private practice of medicine, which he has followed at No. 428 West ---- street and 1603 West Wood avenue. The only public office that he had held was been somewhat in the line of his profession, having in 1904 been appointed assistant coroner, which position he filled throughout the ensuing four years and was then made coroner in 1908, serving in that capacity to the present time. On the 11ith of November, 1903, at Indianapolis, Indiana, Dr. Coe was united in marriage to Miss Kathryn M. Hunter, of that city. He has always voted with the republican party and is able to support his political position by intelligent argument. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, in which he had taken the Royal Arch degree, and also holds membership with the Independent Order of Foresters and the Order of Moose. His professional membership relations are with the Academy of Medicine, the Ohio Medical Society, The American Medical Association and the West End Medical Society. He enjoyed a good practice as a family physician and his ability is being continually augmented by his reading and study as well as through his membership. with the medical associations. JOSEPH H. RHODES. Joseph H. Rhodes, well known in the business circles of Cincinnati for more than a half century, first as superintendent of the western division of the Adams Express Company and later as one of the proprietors of the Cincinnati Warehouse & Malting Company, was born in Warrington, Virginia, February 19, 1831, a son of the Rev. Daniel and Elizabeth (Lowry) Rhodes. His father was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church and amid the refining influences of cultured home Joseph H. Rhodes was reared, spending his youth principally Tennessee, to which state his parents removed with their family when he was quite young. There he lived until about fifteen years of age, when the family home was established at Brownsville, Fayette county, Pennsylvania. He start in the business world as a clerk in the office of the Adams Express Compan at Brownsville and later was transferred by the company to Pittsburg, Pennsvlvania, where he served as cashier until the headquarters were removed to Cincinnati, he business being established on Third street near Broadway. M Rhodes remained with the Adams Express Company for about thirty-one years and was made superintendent of the western division, remaining at the hea of its affairs in this section almost three decades, or until in the '8os when he retired. Subsequently in connection with J. R. Magrue he established a war house and malting business near the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad depot, Mr. Magrue becoming president and Mr. Rhodes vice president of th company. They continued at their original location until the building was destroyed by fire, and since that time Mr. Rhodes has practically given all of hi attention to the supervision of his property interests, Shaving made judicial in vestment in real estate. In connection with Mr. Magrue he was in the '80s interested in a malt house and brewery at Aurora, Indiana, and a distillery CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 139 Hamilton, Ohio, but has disposed of these interests. He is now largely living retired, having passed the eightieth milestone on life's journey. On the 24th of June, 1857, Mr. Rhodes was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Abrams, a daughter of Judge Eli Abrams, of Pennsylvania A half century later they celebrated their golden wedding anniversary and the occasion was a memorable one to all who were in attendance and to the two principal participants, as well, for it brought to them many expressions of high regard and good will on the part of their friends. Substantial tokens also expressed kindly feeling on the part of many who were present on that occasion. Three children were born unto Mr. and Mrs. Rhodes of whom two survive, Mrs. Charles M. Woodward and Mrs. Carlos L: Gould, both now residing in Springfield, Massachusetts. Mr. and Mrs. Rhodes make their home in Hyde Park. While residing in Pittsburg he became a member of the Masonic frafernity and since 1864 has been a member of Lafayette Lodge of Cincinnati. He has been loyal to the teachings of the order and his life is the expression of its various tenets. He is a member of and charter member of the Queen City Club. His long connection with the Adams Express Company indicates his faithfulness and the trust reposed in him and all with whom he has come in contact recognize in him a man who is dependable under all circumstances. JOHN ANDREW ARCHIBALD. It is often made a special matter of praise when one continues throughout an entire business career in a single field of labor, winning substantial advancement along that line, but it is certainly even more creditable when one's life record covers a continuous period of public service in connection with a given department of city affairs and wins promotion therein, for in such an office the incumbent is continuously subject to public criticism and only the utmost fidelity can continue him in the position for years, for political power and envy are forces constantly brought to bear against him. J. A. Archibald, therefore, is deserving of much credit because of the splendid record which he has made in connection with the Cincinnati fire department, of which he has served continuously as chief since 1893, or for eighteen consecutive years. His record is unparalleled in the history of the city and Cincinnati has never had a more capable or efficient chief. John A. Archibald was born in the Queen City January 21, 1859, and the public schools afforded him his educational privileges. He was twenty-three years of age when he first entered the service, becoming pipeman of Chemical Company No. 1 in 1882. In less than a year he was transferred as pipeman to Fire Engine Company No. 3, and in 1884 his excellent service won him promotion to the position of lieutenant of Company No. 3. He never sought to shirk a duty, manifesting the utmost fearlessness in the face of danger, and yet never to the point of recklessness. Sound judgment enabled him to carefully direct the men under him so as to produce the most effective service, and all this won him further promotion in 1887, when he was made captain of Company No. 1. He filled that position for six years and was then advanced to the high- Vol. III-7 140 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY est place in the service, becoming chief of the entire department in 1893. The Insurance Times, of Cincinnati, said of him some years ago : "During Chief Archibald's term of service he has proven his wonderful ability as a director at large fires. Indeed, he worthily represents the department in every direction. He has effected many reforms and improved the department vastly in many ways. Since the late big fires he has urged the increase of facilities, and has at last the agreement of the mayor and fire board to increase the department by three companies and fifty men, and also to add more apparatus." He is a man of forceful character, ever ready in emergency, yet his friends—and they are many—find him a man of attractive social traits and engaging personal qualities. FREDERICK CLOSS. For more than twenty years Frederick Closs has been engaged in the pra tice of law at Cincinnati and has gained high rank, the value of his judgmen being recognized by members of the bar as well as by many who have sough his advice. His application and ability have been productive of gratifying re turns and he enjoys a competency to which he is fairly entitled by consciention devotion to the duties of his chosen calling. Born at Cincinnati August 13, 1868 he is a son of Frederick and Regina Closs, both of whom are deceased. Frederick Closs acquired his early education in the public schools of this city and in the schools of Franklin county, Indiana. As he grew to manhood he decided upon the pursuit of law as his life vocation and entered the Cincinnati Law School from which he was graduated with the degree of LL. B. May, 1890. He immediately began practice in Cincinnati and has ever sin continued in this city. As a lawyer he has been from the start highly energetic and capable and has had many important cases entrusted to his care, discharging every responsibility with a fidelity which. gained the approval of clients an reflected upon himself the highest credit. Endowed with a large capacity work, excellent judgment and common sense, his energies have been wise directed and he has gained more than an ordinary measure of prosperity. addition to his law practice he has made a special study of investments and a result of carefully conducted inquiries and investigations he is a firm belie' in Cincinnati real estate. He has made extensive investments in Cincinninati property, no man having greater faith in the benefits to be ultimately derive from real-estate improvements in this city. He regards Cincinnati as one o the great coining interior cities of the country. On the 27th of October, 1897, at Cincinnati, Mr. Closs was married to iii Florence E. Franz, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Franz. The parents a of good German stock and are prosperous and highly respected. They rear six children in their family. To Mr. and Mrs. Closs four children have b born, Regina, Margaret, Dorothy and Freda. in politics Mr. Closs accepts principles of the republican party as being in harmony with advanced ideas government, but he is a stanch advocate of honesty and recognized ability qualifications for candidates and his efforts are always directed, especially CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 141 local elections, in favor of the best man irrespective of party affiliation. Fraternally he is a valued member of the Masons and Odd Fellows, and being of a genial, sociable disposition, he can claim a host of friends outside of all organizations. ANDREW R. SCOVILL. An active and useful life was that led by Andrew R. Scovill and his long connection with the business interests of Cincinnati made him well known, while his fidelity to a high standard of commercial ethics gave him firm hold upon the regard and good will of his fellow townsmen. His birth occurred in this city March 1, 1846, and he represented an old New England family. His father, Anion L. Scovill, was born in Vermont and in early manhood removed westward to Cincinnati, where he was in the drug business for a time. Later he engaged in the manufacture of patent medicines and in the conduct of that enterprise acquired a fortune that enabled him in time to retire from business and yet enjoy all of the comforts and many of the luxuries of life. His death occurred when he had reached the age of seventy-one years. His wife bore the maiden name of Harriet A. Whipple and was a native of Ohio. In the schools of Cincinnati, Andrew R. Scovill pursued his education and when thirty-one years of age started upon an independent business career in partnership with W. A. Sayers as vehicle manufacturers, the firm being known as Sayers & Scovill, carriage builders. That relation continued uninterruptedly until the death of Mr. Scovill on the 5th of December, 1907, or for a period of more than thirty years. Mr. Scovill was an active partner in the business throughout that entire period and it was largely due to his untiring efforts that the trade of the house reached such extensive proportions. He closely studied the needs and demands of the trade and the possibilities for improvement in methods of manufacture. Thus as the years went by his trade expanded because of the excellent product which he placed upon the market and which gave entire satisfaction to his many patrons. Moreover, in all business transactions the house sustains an unassailable reputation, the firm ever recognizing the fact that honesty is the best policy. In Covington, Kentucky, in 1869, Mr. Scovill was united in marriage to Miss Virginia Allene Fisk, a daughter of the Hon. John F. Fisk, who was widely kown throughout Kentucky and at one time served as lieutenant governor of the state. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Scovill were born a son and daughter : Flavel Fisk Scovill, who is now active in the business which his father established ; and Bessie King Scovill. Mr. Scovill belonged to the Carriage Makers Club and was well known among the representatives of the particular field of labor in which be put forth his efforts. His political views were in harmony with the principles of the republican party and his religious faith was manifest in his devotion to the Christian church. He was a man of domestic taste, finding his greatest happiness at his own fireside, and to the welfare of wife and children he was most devoted. That his friends were legion is indicative of his high character and the sterling worth. which he displayed in every relation of life. 142 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY His ideals of citizenship were exalted and while he never sought to figure prominently in public life, he sought the best interests of the community in the cooperation which he gave to many movements for the general good. JOHN C. DALLER. John C. Daller, president of The Clemens Oskamp Company, wholesale and retail dealers in diamonds, watches and jewelry, has been identified since 1860 with the house of which he is now the head. Starting as a boy entirely upon his own resources, he has climbed to the top of the ladder, and the record of his life cannot fail to be an encouragement to ambitious young men who are willing to labor and practice economy and self-denial early in their life in order to possess a competency in later years. Mr. Daller was born in Germany, September 26, 1846, and is a son of Clemens and Francisca Daller. The father came to America with his family about 1849, when the subject of this review was in his infancy and located on wild land in Colerain township, Hamilton county, Ohio. He was obliged to clear away the underbrush and heavy growth of trees, but labored industriously and developed his place into one of the productive farms of the county. The village of Creedville is now located on the spot upon which Mr. Daller settled more than sixty years ago. Mr. Daller, Sr. died in 1867, at the age of forty-seven years, and the mother was called away in 1885, at the age of fifty-eight. Both are buried in the cemetery a Creedville. In a primitive log schoolhouse near his country home John C. Daller received his introduction to the rudiments of book learning. His education wa very limited, as he left school in his' tenth year to provide for his maintenance. He began his contact with the business world by apprenticing himself to the watchmaker's trade, spending four years at Ripley, Ohio. He then came Cincinnati and secured a position with the firm with which he has ever sin been connected. He worked at the bench continuously for ten years and w then promoted to the position of traveling salesman, a branch of the busin which he liked so well that he has never entirely given it up, notwithstanding his responsibilities as president of the company, and he is now the oldest sale man traveling out of Cincinnati. Mr. Oskamp died in 1887 and his widow came sole heir to the estate. The son Alfred and Mr. Daller of this review purchased the mother's interest but after five or six years Alfred Oskamp retired from business and his mother succeeded him as a partner of Mr. Dale The business was so conducted until her death, in 1899, when Mr. Daller a acquired the entire interest. Three years later he organized the corporation now known as The Clemens Oskamp Company, of which he is president, the other officers of the company being: A. O. Daller, vice president ; John C. Daller, Jr., secretary ; and Charles D. Baker,, treasurer. On the 22d of May, 1872, Mr. Daller was married at Cincinnati to Miss Amelia Oskamp, the eldest daughter of Clemens Oskamp, and they became the parents of six children, namely : Clemens, who is with the John Douglas Plumbing and Supply Company at Cincinnati ; Geneva, O., who married Wil- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 143 liam Rickelman, a leather merchant; Gertrude O., who married Dr. George C. Kolb and died in 1905, leaving a young son ; John C., Jr., who is secretary and manager of The Clemens Oskamp Company ; Adele O., the wife of William F. Ray, secretary of the Crystal Distilling Company ; and. Adrian O., who is also associated with his father. Mr. Daller and his wife make their home in a beautiful residence which he erected in 1893 at No. 5651 Belmont avenue, College Hill. Dr. Kolb and his son, a lad of six or seven years, are also members of the family. Essentially a man of business, Mr. Daller of this review has found greater pleasure in developing the important enterprises with which he has been so long connected than in any other pursuit and his best energies are, therefore; given to his business. He is a life member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is today one of the most highly respected citizens of Cincinnati and also one of the most successful jewelers this city has known. SIMON LINDENBERG. Some men are so constituted that they are bound to succeed. No obstacle daunts them and difficulties serve only as incentives to renewed effort. Even in the face of the most adverse circumstances they see reason for hope and fter their ship is once fairly launched it is almost certain to find smooth seas d to proceed upon a prosperous voyage. Simon Lindenberg, who is prominently identified with the diamond and jewelry business at Cincinnati, is apparently a man of the character briefly outlined above and the record of his life Cannot fail to interest every ambitious young man whose eyes rest upon this page. He was born at Syke, Hanover, Germany, August 9, 1852, and is a son of Alexander and Ernestine Lindenberg. The parents spent their entire lives in the old country and are buried amidst familiar scenes at Syke. In his youth Mr. Lindenberg of this sketch received excellent advantages of education and later pursued a complete course in college. At the age of seventeen, being ambitious to advance more rapidly than he could expect even under the most favorable conditions in Germany, he went aboard a vessel bound for America. After landing at New York city he secured employment as clerk in a paper collar factory and held this position for four months. He felt that the west offered a more inviting field and came to Cincinnati, where he was engaged for six months as clerk in a men's furnishing goods house. At the end of the time named he associated with Christian Bene in the notion goods usiness and two years later opened a country store in Owen county, Kentucky, which he conducted for one year. He then started upon the road to sell goods with a horse and wagon. He was successful as a salesman and, through diligence and economy having acquired the necessary capital, he started with his partner in the jewelry business in this city in 1876. The enterprise prospered and in 1887 they were able to undertake the jobbing jewelry business upon quite a large scale. Mr. Bene retired from the firm and Sig Strauss was admitted, the title becoming Lindenberg & Strauss, which is today one of the largest jewelry and diamond concerns of Cincinnati. The success of the firm 144 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY has been due to sound management and ability on the part of its officers to understand the wants of the public and to meet all desirable demands of customers.. On June 14, 1882, Mr. Lindenberg was married, in this city, to Miss Julia Sommers, a daughter of S. and Caroline Sommers. The father has for many years been engaged in the cattle business in this city. Mr. and Mrs. Lindenberg are the parents of one son, Alvin, who is identified with the furniture business. at Indianapolis. They reside in a comfortable home at 3562 Rosedale place, Avondale: Mr. Lindenberg is essentially a man of business and not a politician, but he is fully alive as to the importance of stable government administered in the interest of the people and is a supporter of the republican party. He is a member of B'nai B'rith but belongs to no other society. An indefatigable worker, he ascribes much of his success to habits of industry early acquired. He believes in rigid economy if necessary at the outset of one's business career in order to possess an abundance later. He is now practically independent financially and this desirable condition he has attained through his own wisely applied efforts. GEORGE MANTELL ALLEN, M. D. Dr. George Mantell Allen, whose residence and office are at No. 2404 Auburn avenue, is a native son of the Buckeye state and has for over thirty years made this city his home. He was born at Oberlin, November 23, 1848. His father was Professor George N. Allen, for many years occupant of the chair of geology and natural history at Oberlin College and widely noted for his scholarship: He died in 1880. A brother of our subject, Professor Fred D. Allen, who died in 1906, was one of the Greek scholars of America. He was a graduate of Oberlin College and of the University of Leipsic, Germany. He served for many years as professor of Greek at Harvard University. Dr. Allen was reared under the favoring influences of a college town. He attended the local schools and was also a student of Oberlin College. .After leaving college he went to Cleveland-, Ohio, and for four years was in the employ of Strong-Cobb & Company, wholesale druggists. At the end of this time he came to Cincinnati and entered Miami Medical College, in which he pursued the regular course, graduating in 1881 with the degree of M. D. He served for one yea as interne in the Cincinnati Hospital and then began practice, which he has since uninterruptedly continued. He is one of the most favorably, known physicians and medical teachers of Cincinnati. Since 1886 he has filled the office of obstetrician to the Cincinnati Hospital. He served for many years as instructor in chemistry at the Miami Medical College and was a member of the board of directors of that college until its merger with the Medical College of Ohio. Since the merger he has filled the important office of clinician in the medical department of the University of Cincinnati. He is also obstetrician to Christ Hospital and a member of the staff of the Episcopal Hospital for Children. In 1883, at Cincinnati, Dr. Allen was married to Miss Helen Hudson, a daugh ter of Rev. Horace Hudson, who died when she was a child. She is also a gran CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 147 daughter of the beloved old blind missionary, Rev. Horace Bushnell, one of Cincinnati's pioneer ministers, long since deceased. They have three children : Carolyn, who is the wife of Currier Lang, of Detroit, Michigan ; Catharine De Forest; and Jeannette. Professionally Dr. Allen holds membership in the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the Obstetrical Society of Cincinnati. By many years of earnest and conscientious effort, in the course of which he has fully demonstrated his ability, he has gained a place in the front rank among the physicians of this city. He is honored by his associates and acquaintances and his brother practitioners place in him their complete confidence. Genial and social in nature, he is welcome wherever he appears and his upright life guarantees the respect and esteem of the entire community . WILLIAM L. SCHELLENBACH. The great cities where the leading industries are carried forward on a large scale hold out alluring inducements to men of original ideas as designers, and William L. Schellenbach, whose name introduces this review found in Cincinnati a field for the expression of his talents in this important line. He holds the responsible position of chief engineer in charge of designing for the Lodge & Shipley Machine Tool Company, one of the prominent manufacturing establishments of the city. During various periods for seventeen years he has been connected with this company, and as a designer of machinery he has gained recognition throughout the entire country. He is a native of Hamilton, Ohio, and was born June 29, 1872. His father, Peter Schellenbach, was for many years prominently identified with the machine tool trade, and the special ability of the son is probably inherited from his worthy parent. The father was employed as a machinist with the Niles Tool Company when the works of that great concern, now of Hamilton, Ohio, were located in Cincinnati. He continued in the employ of this company after it moved to Hamilton, having charge as foreman of the men who operated the planers, shapers, etc. In 1879 he moved with his family to Richmond, Indiana, where he entered business on his own account as proprietor of the Schellenbach Machine Tool Company. After retiring :'from active labor he took up his residence at Dayton, Ohio, where he died in October, 1904. At the age of seven years William L. Schellenbach was taken by his parents to Richmond and he received his early education in the public schools of that place, also attending high school for one year. Early in life he gave evidence of unusual mechanical genius in the designing of tools. Attracted to this work, he has devoted his attention to it with great success and is now an authority in the United States as to machine tools and equipment. Like all inventive geniuses his main resources are within himself and he has received comparatively little assistance from books. He has been mainly self-taught, and has shown an originality and versatility which gave promise of still greater achievement in years to come. Industrious, energetic and progressive in everything he under- 148 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY takes, he never yields to discouragement and difficulties seem to spur him to greater efforts. It is owing to men of this character that the remarkable advances of recent years have been made in all lines of effort, and their example of untiring perseverance is a constant inspiration to those with whom they are associated. In 1898 Mr. Schellenbach was married to Miss Lorena Egbert, of Richmond, Indiana, and to this union two children have been born : Donald and Burton, Mr. Schellenbach has made a thorough study of his specialty in all its branches. In a paper which he read before the Hughes High School Society upon the history of the machine tool trade in Cincinnati he gave many interesting points concerning the growth of this industry. The paper attracted many favorable comments. N. ASHLEY LLOYD. N. Ashley Lloyd, of the Lloyd Brothers Company, manufacturers of drugs in Cincinnati, has been identified with the business since August 1, 1881, and as each passing year has been added to the cycle of the centuries there has been credited to his account the successful accomplishment of the tasks which have engaged his time and attention. He was born in Lima, New York, November 17, 1851, and is a son of Nelson Marvin and Sophia (Webster) Lloyd. In 1853 the father, who was a civil engineer by profession removed to Kentucky accompanied by his family, and was employed in the building of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad, being stationed at different times in Burlington, Petersburg and Florence, Kentucky. In the year 1865 Mr. Lloyd of this review became a resident of Cincinnati, being then a lad of about fourteen years. He had attended school in Kentucky and after coming to this city entered business circles, securing a position at the corner of Eighth and Central avenue where the city hall now stands. He entered the services of W. J. M. Gordon & Brother, manufacturers and retailers, of pharmaceutical goods. Mr. Lloyd worked his way upward in the drug business and afterward traveled for a firm for a number of years, eventually buying into the present concern. Today the firm of Lloyd Brothers Company are doing splendid business as manufacturing pharmacists. Their output is extensive and their trade interests cover a wide territory. The house bears an excellent reputation for the quality of goods manufactured and handled, for the promptness with which orders are filled and for the honorable methods in which business is executed. In addition to his pharmacy business Mr. Lloyd is a director of the Atlas National Bank and is regarded as a sound and reliable business man. In 1877, in Champaign, Illinois, occurred the marriage of N. Ashley Lloyd and Miss Olive Augusta Gardner, of that place. They became parents of a daughter, Marcia Olive, now the wife of George Miller, an attorney, and the mother of two children, Mary Lloyd and Edward Lloyd Miller. Mr. Lloyd is a member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and is also a .member of the CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 149 Mystic Shrine. He likewise belongs to the Cuvier Press Club and to the Country Club on Grandin road. He does not allow business to monopolize his attention to the exclusion of all social interests but manifests at all times a genial spirit and kindly disposition which make him popular with friends and contribute to his success in business, it being always a pleasure to meet him, either in business or social relations. JOSEPH B. VERKAMP. The honor of being at the head of the oldest clothing manufacturing establishment of Cincinnati belongs to Joseph B. Verkamp, the firm of G. H. Verkamp & Sons, of which he is a member, having been established in 1856 by his honored father who is now deceased. Endowed with special qualities for the business with which he has been actively connected for thirty-five years, Mr. Verkamp has in many instances easily accomplished what for others might have been impossible and the firm is one of the most reliable in the city. He was horn in this city July 13, 1858, a son of G. H. and Maria (Becker) Verkamp. G. H. Verkamp, Sr., was born in Germany and started for America in a sailing vessel with his parents, there being four children in the family. The parents both died at sea. The son, G. H. Verkamp, found himself at thirteen years of age an orphan with three younger children looking to him for comfort and guidance. He was no ordinary boy as was shown by his fortitude in assuming the responsibility, and the fidelity with which he discharged his duties throughout the remainder of his life. The children were cared for by a kind-hearted English family at New Orleans after the vessel arrived at that port, and three months later an uncle of the children, who was living at Covington, Kentucky, learning of their condition, went to New Orleans, and brought them to his home. He was a tailor by trade, thus G. H. Verkamp was enabled to perfect himself along this line which he, subsequently, taught his sons. He served under the stars and stripes at the time of the Civil war, hting valiantly for his adopted country and returning home, resumed his work the bench. He was a man of a kindly and benevolent disposition. He was director of the St. Aloysius Orphan Asylum and also treasurer of the German utual Insurance Company. This good man and worthy citizen died in 1897, the age of sixty-four years, his wife departing this life ten years later, at e age of seventy. They were both consistent members of the Catholic church d are buried in St. Joseph's cemetery. Mr. Verkamp, of this review, received his education in the parochial schools d, later, secured the advantages of instruction at St. Xavier's College. Ever e leaving college, he has engaged in the manufacture of clothing with his other, Paul H., the two sons succeeding the father in the business which y have developed upon a large scale. The firm of G. H. Verkamp & Sons is w one of the important concerns of the city. Mr. Verkamp also succeeded his father as a director of the German Mutual Insurance Company. He is a prominent figure in financial circles, and is a member of the board of directors