CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 351 to the Business Men's Club of Walnut Hills, and believes heartily in cooperation among business men that the best interests of trade and commerce may be promoted and the growth of the city thereby advanced. He finds attractive relaxation in the social enjoyment afforded by the Hyde Park Country Club, the Queen City Driving Club, of which he is a popular and valued member. The number of his friends is constantly increasing as the circle of his acquaintance widens, and he is today one of Cincinnati's popular residents. WILLIAM STACEY. The steady and substantial growth of Cincinnati has provided an excellent field for business activity along many lines. Almost every industrial and commercial interest is represented here and all kindred lines of activity offer scope to the ambitious and energetic man. With the growth of the city William Stacey has improved his advantages along business lines and his energy and determination have constituted the foundation upon which he has builded his prosperity. He was here born in 1857, at the family home at Curtis street and Gilbert avenue, his parents being Edward and Mary Stacey, who came from Yorkshire, England, to the new world in 1849. The father was a blacksmith by trade and thus provided for the support of his family, which numbered nine children, of whom four sons and four daughters are yet living. Early in his boyhood days William Stacey had displayed the same spirit of ambition and enterprise which in later years has carried him forward to success. In 1871, when a youth of but fourteen years, he purchased a team and moving wagon. For .a year he worked alone and then disposed of his team and entered a shoe factory. In 1875, however, he again purchased a team and furniture, van and established the business which has developed until, under the name of the William Stacey Auction & Storage Company, it is one of the important interests of this character in the city. In the early days Mr. Stacey drove his own team and from a very small beginning developed his business until it has grown to its present proportions. Today he has fifteen vans, one of which is an electric one. In 1896 he extended the scope of his activity to include the storage business, utilizing the second floor of a building at Curtis street and Gilbert avenue. This filled up so rapidly that the same year he purchased the property at Nos. 2337 and 2339 Gilbert avenue, erecting there a one-story building fifty-nine feet wide. To this he soon added a second story to meet the growing demands of his business. Still his place was not adequate and he increased his capacity by erecting another building of five stories now used by the Hill Top Laundry. These quarters he occupied until 1906, when he erected his present fireproof building of five sories, also adding four more stories to the first building and making a fine place, one hundred and eighteen by one hundred and sixty-five feet, and six stories in height. The storage department has a capacity of one thousand vans of furniture and is divided into one thousand separate rooms, being the largest storage house in the state. The packing department alone employs eight men continually. They also have an auction department, holding auctions for any one who has furniture for sale. 352 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Still these activities do not cover the entire scope of their business, for they have also added a department for the sale of new furniture, having a fine display of the same in their storeroom. They employ altogether about forty people in the, business. They have fine stables on Florence avenue, forty by one hundred and fifty-three feet and three stories in height, and they keep about thirty-five head of horses. The upper floors of this building are used for the storage of new furniture. This department was established in 1908 and •the auction department in 1904. The business was incorporated in 1906 and its present extensive proportions are the result of untiring industry and capable management on the part of Mr. Stacey. He is also a director of the Roche & Brunner Building Company and of the Auto Tire Berliner Company at No. 8o Broadway. In all that he undertakes he is persistent and determined and the creditable methods he has pursued entitle him to the liberal patronage that has been accorded him and which has brought him substantial success. In January, 1875, Mr. Stacey was married to Miss Eliza Kavney, of Cincinnati, and they have four children ; Frank W., who is secretary of the William Stacey Auction & Storage Company and is married and has two children, Katherine and William ; Charles, who is also connected with the business; Walter, who is with the Roche & Brunner Company and is married and has a daughter, Dorothy ; and Irene, at home. Mr. Stacey is a member of the Walnut Hills Business Club and is a believer in organized movements for the development of trade relations and business interests. He has made a success of life because he desired prosperity and because the methods he has employed are such as commend him to the confidence and trust of the community. He has made his worth felt in connection with both the auction and storage departments, holding to high standards of service and therefore winning recognition. RUFUS KING. Rufus King was born May 30, 1817, at Chillicothe, Ohio, his father, Edward King, being the youngest son of Rufus King, one of the framers of the constitution of the United States, and himself one of the founders of the Cincinnati Law School. He ranked for a long period as a 'leading representative of the legal fraternity here and left his impress for good upon the city. His wife, Sarah Worthington, was a daughter of Thomas Worthington, at one time governor of Ohio. Rufus King pursued his studies in Kenyon College and afterward entered Harvard University, where he took the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. His preparation for the bar was completed in the Harvard Law School, which conferred upon him the R. L. degree. His entire life was devoted to his profession, of which he was an honored representative in Cincinnati. Few lawyers have made a more lasting impression upon the bar of the state, both for legal ability and for the individuality of a personal character. His clientage was large and of a distinctly representative character. The zeal with which he devoted his energies to his profession, the careful regard evinced for CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 353 the interests of his clients and an assiduous and unrelaxing attention to all the details of his cases, brought him a large business and made him very successful in its conduct. He was well known as an educator in the field of his profession, having for some years been professor of law in the Cincinnati. Law School. He was for forty years honored with the presidency of the Cincinnati Bar Association. In the long and crowded line of illustrious men of whom Cincinnati is justly proud, the public life of none has extended over as extensive a period as that of Rufus King. On the 25th of May, 1846, he was a delegate to the city convention that formulated the city charter ; in 1848, councilman from the third ward; in 1851, school visitor from the third ward ; and from 1852 until 1867, president of the school board, in which connection he rendered most efficient service in organizing the school system and advancing its interests in keeping with a high standard of public instruction. From 1853 until 1890, he was president of the union board of high schools and in 1859 made a director of McMicken University, serving as president of the board until 187o. The name of the school was at that time changed to that of the University of Cincinnati and Mr. King was president of the board of the latter institution from 1871 until 1877. He was also made a director of the public library in 1867 and served as president of the library board from 1870 until 1873. The following year he was chosen a member of the state convention, which met to amend the constitution, and acted as president thereof after the appointment of Morrison R. Waite as chief justice of the United States supreme court. Again in 1883 he was called to public office when named as a member of the tax commission, .:on which he served until 1891. He was also director of two semi-public organizations, the Spring Grove Cemetery Association and the Cincinnati Southern Railroad. His political allegiance was' given first to the whig and afterward to the democratic party, but he ever regarded the public welfare as above partisanship. On the 18th of May, 1843, Mr. King was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Rives, a daughter of Dr. Landon C. Rives. He was a vestryman of St. Paul's church and a trustee of the southern diocese of Ohio. He passed away March 23, 1891, after a residence in Cincinnati covering many years, years that were fraught with good to the public as well as . with success for himself. W. HORACE SCHMIDLAPP. A large percentage of the successful business men of Cincinnati are either of German lineage or nativity, and the strongly marked characteristics of the German race have constituted important elements in the upbuilding and progress of the city. As the name indicates, W. Horace Schmidlapp traces his ancestry to the fatherland. Personal worth and ability have gained him a creditable position in business circles and today he is president of the Monitor Stove .8z Range Company, controlling one of the important productive industries of Cincinnati. 354 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY It was in this city that W. H. Schmidlapp was born, in 1883, his father being J. G. Schmidlapp, long and prominently known here. After acquiring a good preliminary education in the public schools he went to Ithaca, New York, where he entered Cornell University, and after finishing his college course he came direct to the factory of the Monitor Stove & Range Company. Through-- out his business career he has been identified with this enterprise, becoming a factor in the business upon its organization in October, 1906, when the Monitor Stove & Range Company succeeded the William Resor Company, an old established firm of Cincinnati that had been in existence since 1819. The Monitor Company was incorporated in 1907 with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Schmidlapp was elected its president with E. W. Hake as vice president and general manager ; Harvey Fueller as secretary ; and Lydia Busch as treasurer. The company employs about three hundred workmen in its various departments and is engaged in the manufacture of Monitor stoves and ranges which are now shipped to all parts of the country. The business has been carefully systematized and due attention is paid to every detail, so that there is no loss of time, material or labor—and this is the basis of all success. Mr. Schmidlapp is also a director in the Columbia Gas Company. Mr. Schmidlapp was united in marriage in 1906 to Miss Jean Maxwell, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of Lawrence Maxwell, a well known attorney. Two children grace this union, Lawrence Maxwell and J. G. Schmidlapp, Jr. Their parents are prominent socially and have an etxensive circle of warm friends in this city. Mr. Schmidlapp belongs to the Sigma Chi, a college fraternity. He is also a member of the Queen City, Cincinnati Country Club, The Automobile Club, Couvier Press Club and Cincinnati Golf Club. He is one of the alert, enterprising young business men of the present day and at the same time he has that enjoyment of social pleasures which makes him popular among his many friends. J. WILLIAM JOHNSON. A veteran member of the Cincinnati bar, J. William Johnson can look back over nearly forty-five years of active experience, in the course of which he came into contact with many leading men of America and has contributed his part toward the recognition and maintenance of authority, and the upbuilding of society. He is of Welsh parentage on both sides of the house and was born at Gellygaer, Wales, November 15, 1842, a son of William Johnson, who was born in the same place in 1809. Mr. Johnson, Sr., engaged in the mining business in Wales, but in 1844, seeking improved conditions, he came to America with his family and two years later settled at Pomeroy, Ohio, where he engaged as contractor and was also manager in iron works for a number of years. He died in 1877. The mother, whose maiden name was Margaret Jones, was born in Wales, in 1817 and died at Pomeroy in 1852. There are four children in the family of Mr. and Mrs. Johnson : J. William, of this review ; Thomas, who is now engaged in the drug business at Terre Haute, Indiana ; Jane, who married CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 357 Evan Harris, a Texas cotton planter and stockman ; and Anna, the widow of William Barclay and now engaged as a kindergarten teacher in St. Louis. J. William Johnson was brought to America in his infancy with his parents and received his preliminary education in the common schools and at an academy at Pomeroy. At the time of the Civil war he served in the quartermaster's department under Colonel C. W. Moulton, with whom he was atferward connected in the legal profession. Having decided to devote his energies to the practice of law, he studied in the law department of Harvard University and later entered the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in April, 1867, with the degree of LL. B. He was admitted to practice in Ohio and was also later admitted to practice in New York state, his firm having maintained an office for a short time in New York city. He was first assistant in the firm of Sherman, Moulton & Tilden, well known lawyers of Cincinnati, and afterward became a member of the firm of Moulton, Bateman & Johnson. Colonel Moulton, the senior member, was a brother-in-law of Mr. Bateman and also of Senator John Sherman and General W. T. Sherman. Mr. Bateman was appointed United States district attorney and retired from the firm, the title of which then became Moulton, Johnson & Levy, so continuing until the death of Colonel Moulton in 1889, since which time the title has been Johnson & Levy. Mr. Johnson served as trustee of the Eclectic Medical College and also fills the office of vice president of the Western & Southern Life Insurance. Company and the Victor Safe & Lock Company. Professionally he is identified with the Cincinnati Bar Association and has very acceptably filled the office for two terms of vice president of that organization. He has been connected with many important cases and is known as a clear and convincing speaker and as a safe counselor, whose knowledge is based on thorough familiarity with the law and precedents. His aim has ever been to secure justice and not to enshroud the cause which he represents in a sentimental garb, thus thwarting the principles of right and equity involved. He has been sadly handicapped by deafness during the last thirty years. On the 21st of December, 1868, Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Belle Morse, who was born in Cincinnati, a daughter of C. E. and Sarah Belle (Hardy) Morse. The ancestry of the family has been traced to the time of the American revolution, General, Warren having been one of its progenitors. Mr. Morse engaged in the tobacco business but later devoted his attention to the hotel and drug business. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Johnson, five sons and two daughters: Moulton, a surgeon in the United States navy, who married Cassie Schroeder, a daughter of Admiral Seaton Schroeder, of the United States navy, and has one child, Sarah Belle; Clyde, who was graduated at Cornell University and is now a member of his father's law firm, and married Miss Ella Wilson, a member of a well known old Cincinnati family ; Thomas, secretary of the T. B. Stone Lumber Company of Cincinnati, who married Ethel Stone, a daughter of T. B. Stone, and has one child, Frances; Bertha, the wife of Dr. R. P. Scudder, of Cincinnati, and the mother of one child, Janet ; Charles, formerly a student at Cornell University and later at the Ohio University; Raleigh, who married Miss Twila Frey, a daughter of A. C. Frey, of Elmwood City, Pennsylvania ; and Nesta, who is living at home. Although sixty-nine years of age Mr. Johnson is still actively engaged in the practice of his pro- 358 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY fession. A man of wide observation and experience, he has met with a marked degree of success in his calling and has been identified with many cases of far reaching importance. Always actuated by a worthy ambition, wide-awake and skilled as. a lawyer, it may truly be said of him that his ability and integrity have never been questioned. In the republican a supporter of the republican party. He is not a member of any religious denomination but is an attendant of the Avondale Presbyterian church and is a generous contributor to worthy objects. Fraternally he is connected with the blue lodge in Masonry, also with Kilwinning chapter, R. A. M. He is well known in social as well. as business circles and holds membership in the Business Men's Club and the Avondale Golf Club. In his younger days Mr. Johnson was an active, fleet-footed, athletic young man and upon his return from Harvard in 1866 he was instrumental in introducing baseball and it was in his office that the first meeting was called that finally resulted in the organization of the famous Cincinnati "Red Stockings," and Mr. Johnson was one of the members of the first nine, during the seasons of 1866-7-8, and he even today is still an ardent fan and takes a great interest in outdoor sports. Mr. Johnson comes of a long-lived family and bids fair to rival some of his ancestry, his paternal grandfather having died at the advanced age of one hundred and two years. JAMES MORROW SPRAGUE. James Morrow Sprague, who for a number of years past has been engaged in the general insurance business at Cincinnati, is a native of this city, having been born at the village of Linwood (now a part of Cincinnati), October 23, 1864. He is a son of Henry B. Sprague, who was born in New York about 1816 and became prominently, connected with the edge tool manufacturing business. The mother, Elizabeth Belt before her marKentucky, about in Covington, Kentucky, about 1820. There were seven children in their family, three daughters and four sons, namely : W. R., of Cambridge, Ohio ; Sarah ; Elizabeth ; Harry, who is now deceased ; Anna, living at Connersville, Indiana ; John C., who is married and lives in Cincinnati; and James M. After receiving his p,hreliminary education in the public schools James M. Sprague, being then about fifteen years of age, served for a short time as office boy in the law office of Cowan & Ferris. He then became an apprentice in the shoe cutting business and advanced 'so rapidly that before he reached the age of seventeen he had learned the trade and was receiving a wage of thirty-five dollars per week. He gave up this work, however, to become assistant bookkeeper for the Bromwell Brush & Wire Company and continued with this con cern about four years. He then entered the internal revenue service, starting as storekeeper and advancing to positions as gauger and deputy collector, but was obliged to give up his position on account of change of political administration. He next served as general deputy in the probate court of Hamilton county, transferring his allegiance later to the insurance business, with which he has been connected for fifteen years, and now maintains offices in the First National Bank building. He is president of the Surety Underwriters Association and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 359 a member of the Fire Underwriters Association, being an active worker in all lines seeking to promote fire insurance interests and to give patrons the best possible protection. In 1898 Mr. Sprague was married to Miss Caroline. Fieber, who was born in Cincinnati, a daughter of Adam and Clementine Fieber, the father being a well known pork packer of this city. One daughter, Elvina Stoll, has come to bless this union. Her natal day was January 20, 190o. Mr. Sprague has met with gratifying success in business, as is indicated by the liberal patronage which he receives, his, clientele being found among many of the most prominent men and corporations of the city. He is prominent socially and is a member of the Business Men's Club and the Cuvier Press Club. He has been greatly interested for a number of years in the Masonic order and is a York and Scottish. Rite Mason, having taken all the degrees except the thirty-third. He is a member of Linwood Lodge, No. 564, A. F. & A. M., of which he is past master ; Cincinnati Chapter, R. A. M. ; and Cincinnati Commandery, No. 3, K. T. ; also a member of the Elks, the Sigma Chi, a college fraternity, the Sweet Wine Country Club and the Hamilton County Golf Club. In politics he adheres to the republican party and represented his district in the seventy-sixth general assembly. In religious belief he and his 'f amily are identified with the Presbyterian church. A consistent advocate of progress, he has demonstrated in the position he occupies in the community the possibilities of individual advancement and ranks as one of the live factors in business circles of .Cincinnati. J. M. GARDELL. J. M. Gardell, who has been remarkably successful in handling large investments and in introducing capital to Cincinnati from other parts of the country, is recognized as one of the most prominent real-estate and loan brokers of the city. He is a native of Cincinnati, born in 1872, a son of John and Victoria Gardell. The father was for many years engaged in the wholesale mercantile business on Walnut street and is now deceased. Mr. Gardell of this review was educated in the public schools and from his boyhood has been acquainted with business affairs. For fifteen years past he has been actively engaged in the real-estate business. He devotes his attention principally to business property centrally located and has been instrumental in effecting the largest deals ever made by a real-estate broker in Cincinnati, some of them involving more than a million dollars. He negotiated the sale of the Columbia Theater property, on Walnut street, which amounted to several hundreds of thousands of dollars ; the sale of property on the north side of Fifth avenue, between Vine and Race streets, aggregating more than a million dollars; the Ohio Mechanics Institute, at the southwest corner of Sixth avenue and Vine streets, which called for five hundred thousand dollars ; and he made a deal amounting to four hundred and fifty thousand dollars, in property on Main street, between Canal and Hunt streets ; also transactions on Fountain Square brought the price of realty up from five thousand dollars a foot for inside lots to nine thousand dollars a foot. 360 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Most of his large negotiations have been concluded within the last two or three years and they have resulted in bringing many hundreds of thousands of dollars from cities in other parts of the country to Cincinnati. He has also been successful in effecting the establishment of manufacturing and business enterprises, among which may be named the large eastern firm headed by S. S. Kresge, which moved from an eastern city and now has two stores in Cincinnati, one of which is on Fifth avenue, between Race and Vine streets, in the center of the retail district, and the other on Main street, just north of the canal. In 1905 Mr. Gardell was married in this city to Miss Eleanor Vaske, a daughter of George Vaske, who was formerly a member of the firm of Van Wormer & Vaske, commission merchants. This firm is now retired from business. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Gardell two sons have been born, Ellsworth, now aged four years, and Norman, aged two years. The residence of the family is on East Walnut Hills, where Mr. Gardell finds a welcome diversion from the cares of business in raising poultry. He attributes his success in life to habits of close observation combined with the ability to keep his plans to himself until the time for making them public has arrived. He is a close student of human nature and always keeps thoroughly informed he wants of investors. Mr. Gardell is an authority in the valuation of business property in Cincinnati and it is scarcely necessary to say that he is a man of irreproachable character whose word is as binding as his bond. MICHAEL CHARLES WEIGLEIN. Through a period of more than forty years Michael Charles Weiglein has been connected with the business affairs of Cincinnati and his steady progress is manifest by the fact that he is today president of the Monarch Carriage Goods Company, a stockholder in the Continental Carriage Company, a director of the Brighton German Bank and president of the Southland Cotton Company. Keen discernment enables him to recognize opportunities that others would pass heedlessly by and difficulties that would seem an unsurmountable obstacle to others serve but to call forth his renewed determination and unfaltering purpose. Mr. Weiglein was born at Franklin, Johnston county, Indiana,. April 28, 1859, and in Indianapolis attended the public schools, but came to this city in 1870 and here learned the carriage trimmer's trade and also that of harness-making. He worked at both trades for several years before entering business on his own account. In 1889, however, he established the Monarch Carriage Goods Company at the corner of Court and Broadway and began the manufacture of buggy goods. This proved a profitable undertaking and he extended the scope of his interests to include the manufacture of a full line of carriage mountings and top trimmings hardware. The business was established by M. C. Weiglein who is now the president and general manager of the company. He is also the proprietor of the Enterprise Brass & Plating Company and has thus made for himself a creditable position in the business circles of the city, his interests contributing to the commercial and manufacturing activities which are a substantial basis of the city's present prosperity. The Enterprise Brass CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 361 & Plating Company occupies a part of the building which is owned by the Monarch Carriage Goods Company. The latter business was established at the corner of Court and Broadway, whence a removal was afterward made to the northeast corner of Plum and Magnolia streets. After remaining there for five or six years they removed to a building on Spring Grove avenue, opposite their present building, and in 1906 erected the fine business structure which is now the home of the Monarch Carriage Goods Company and the Enterprise Brass & Plating Company. This is a four-story brick building, containing about thirty-two thousand square feet of floor space, and is situated at 28382842 Spring Grove avenue. The Monarch Company now has about one hundred and fifteen employes while the' Enterprise Brass & Plating Company employ from thirty-five to forty. The business has had a substantial growth, cating the sound judgment and practical business methods employed in its conduct. The Monarch Carriage Goods Company ships its product to all parts of the United States, to Canada and Australia, and has ever .conducted its interests on the theory that satisfied patrons are the best advertisement. Promptness in the execution of orders, thorough reliability in all dealings and excellent workmanship and construction have been salient points in winning for the company a gratifying measure of prosperity. Mr. Weiglein is also well known in financial circles because of the fact that he is a director of the Brighton German Bank. His business interests further extend to the Continental Carriage Company and the Southland Cotton Company, being president of the latter. In 1884 Mr. Weighlein was married to Miss Victoria Brodbeck, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of Isadore Brodbeck, who for many years was a grocer at the corner of Harrison and Pike Streets. He is still living, but is now retired, at the age of eighty-six years. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Weiglein have been born seven children, five of whom are yet living, namely : Emma, who passed away at the age of three and a half years ; Louis Carl, who was drowned while canoing on the Ohio river on the 23d of June, 1908, and who, prior to his death, had been secretary of the Monarch Carriage Goods Company ; Josephine Mary, the present secretary of that company ; Leola, a student at high- school ; and Clara, Helen and Ralph. Mr. Weiglein is a member of the Maccabees, the West End Business Club, . the Cincinnati Improvement Association, and secret societies. He is now in the prime of life, recognized as a man of excellent business ability and strong purpose, whose record at no time has contained esoteric chapters and who in the legitimate channels of trade and commerce has established his right to be ranked with the leading business men of the city. NICHOLAS J. WOLF. Nicholas J. Wolf, a prosperous merchant and extensive real-estate owner of Cincinnati, has for the past quarter of a century been engaged in business with his brother, Gustav A. Wolf, as the junior partner of the firm of Nicholas Wolf's Sons, conducting a tailoring and clothing establishment at Nos. 325 and 327 East Pearl street. His birth occurred at No. 40 Pike street in this city, his 362 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY parents being Nicholas and Mary E. (Rebold) Wolf. The former emigrated to this country from Prussia with his father, John Gabriel Wolf, in 1844, when a lad of twelve years, .coming direct to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1848, when a youth of sixteen; he established himself in the tailoring business at No. 74 Broadway, beginning operations on a small scale in partnership with Mr. Hort. By dint of industry and integrity he developed the enterprise to such an extent that larger quarters became necessary, and in 1879 the present location was chosen. He was a stanch republican in politics and withheld his .aid and cooperation from no movement instituted to further . the advancement of his adopted city. During his active business career he erected from forty to sixty houses for himself and others in what S was. originally the third and fifth wards of the city. He passed away on the 16th of May, 1906, when almost three years of age, and was buried in the Spring Grove cemetery, Cincinnati thus losing one of its. well known and esteemed citizens. His widow. still survives .him and has now attained the age of seventy-nine. Nicholas J. Wolf, whose name introduces this review, attended the second district and second intermediate schools and was thus qualified to enter high school but in "188o put aside his text-books and entered his father's store, becoming thoroughly familiar with the business in principle and detail. In 1886 he and his brother, Gustav A. Wolf, succeeded their father and have since conducted the enterprise under the name of Nicholas Wolf's Sons, the latter being. the senior member of the firm. They originally occupied only one floor of the building on East Pearl street but the business has grown to such an extent that they now utilize almost the entire structure. They erected the factory of the Queen City Shoe Company—a building covering forty-seven thousand square feet, are likewise owners of considerable improved real estate in Cincinnati and have long occupied a prominent position among the progressive and representative citizens here. Nicholas J. Wolf was a director of the Pearl Street Market Bank for three years but resigned his connection with the institution. On the 16th of July, 1890, at Covington, Kentucky, Mr. Wolf was united in marriage to Miss Kate Adams, a daughter of. Henry and Catherine Adams. Her father who was city treasurer of Covington, Kentucky, is deceased. Mr. Wolf is a faithful communicant of the Roman Catholic church and also belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus. 'His political allegiance is given to the republican. party. His home is at No. 234' Ludlow street of the city which has remained his place of residence from his birth to the present time. HENRY IMWALLE. Henry Imwalle was one of the public-spirited residents of St. Bernard who took an active interest and prominent part in promoting the progress of the community through the development of various activities. He was at one time mayor of the town and was one of the best known undertakers in the Mill Creek valley. He also had other business interests and his commercial, social and political connections all served to win for him a leading position in public CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 365 regard. He was born in Cincinnati, on the 24th of October, 1856, and was the eldest of the live children of George and Catherine (Kaiser) Impale, of Cincinnati. His father was a soldier of the Civil war and thus Henry Imwalle was practically an orphan between the ages of four and six years, when his father returned. He was reared and educated in Cincinnati, attending the parochial schools to the age of thirteen years, when he started out in business life on his own account, securing a position on the 4th of April, 1869, as office boy in the law office of Judge O'Connor, there remaining for two years. He then became a pupil in Nelson's Business College, where he pursued a commercial course, and afterward entered Gunder's Business College, which he continued to attend until he reached the age of seventeen years. At that time he lost his father and was obliged to again enter business circles, providing not only for his own maintenance but also contributing to the support of his mother and the other children of the family. Ile secured a position as bookkeeper, serving in that capacity for a year, and subsequently was employed at various places. At length ill health forced him to remain at home through one winter, during which period he assisted his mother in her business at the corner of Thirteenth and Walnut streets. Becoming a resident of St. Bernard in early manhood, he was prominently identified with its commercial and business activities during the remainder of his life. He was one of the organizers of the Citizens Bank of St. Bernard and was instrumental in making this institution one of the strong financial enterprises of the county, inaugurating a progressive policy, that was tempered by safe conservatism and that carefully safeguarded the interests of depositors. In 1899 he engaged in the undertaking business and from the first met with a substantial degree of success. This business is still in thriving condition, being now conducted by his son. Mr. Imwalle was also interested in the promotion and development of various other local enterprises. In addition to serving as president of the Citizens Bank, he was also president of the St. Bernard Building & Loan Company, which position he accepted after twenty-five years' service as secretary of that company. In all of his business transactions he was found thoroughly reliable and trustworthy, and his enterprising spirit constituted the basic element in his success. Mr; Imwalle was united in marriage, in St. Bernard, May 17, 1881, to Miss Clara Kaufmann, a daughter of Frank and Mary Kaufmann, the father a merchant of St. Bernard. By this marriage there were born four children : Frank W., born July 24, 1885, educated at St. Xavier's College, which he left to enter business with his father ; Bernadette, born June 4, 1889; and two, who died in infancy. The daughter is a graduate of Notre Dame and after entering the sisterhood she went to Europe to finish her education. In religious faith the family are communicants of the Catholic church, in the work of which Mr. Imwalle was very active, while his faith was ever strong and unshaken. Always through life he did everything he possibly could to advance the cause, his church and his religious obligations being paramount to everything else in his life. He held membership with the Knights of Columbus, with the Eagles, the Catholic Knights of America. the Catholic Knights of Ohio, the Catholic Order .of Foresters and St. Anthony's Young Men's Society. His political allegiance was always given to the democratic party, the principles of which received his unqualified support. He was a warm personal friend of Vol. III-17 366 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Judge Gorman of the circuit court and was widely known among the political leaders of this district. He took an     e interest in all public movements and municipal affairs and served as mayor of St. Bernard for two terms, being actively interested in politics from 1890. His reelection was tangible evidence of the confidence and trust reposed in him by his fellow townsmen. He was also a member of the city council and was one of the original. trustees of the water works of St. Bernard, serving in official connection therewith for three terms. He was likewise nominated by the democratic party for the offices of state legislator, county clerk and county commissioner, which indicates his high standing in the party. While a member of the city council during several terms, he was largely instrumental in promoting most of the improvements of St. Bernard and his cooperation could always be counted upon to further, any measure or movement for the general good. In addition to the organizations already mentioned in which he held membership, he was identified with the .Duckworth Club, the Jefferson Club and the Sons of Veterans. He was very philanthropic, generously contributing toward the maintenance of every worthy charity and always doing his part toward alleviating the conditions surrounding the less fortunate. The death of Mr. Imwalle occurred March 16, 1911. St. Bernard had been his home for thirty years, during which time he won the friendship of many of its most worthy citizens, whose esteem he retained by reason of his loyalty and stanch principles. t Ie was a successful business man, a most efficient public officer, a devoted and loyal friend and a kind and thoughtful. husband and father, his relations in both public and private life ever having been characterized by loyalty to the highest principles. His untarnished record commanded for him the confidence, good-will and high regard of all with whom he came in contact and thus it was that his death was the occasion of deep and widespread regret to all Who knew him. H. RAYMOND SMITH. H. Raymond Smith, one of the enterprising and successful young business men of Cincinnati, is engaged in the fire insurance business as president and treasurer of The A. R. Witham Insurance Agency Company. He is numbered among the worthy native sons of this city, his birth having here occurred on the 8th of July, 1880. His father, A. E. Smith, who was born at Amherst, Massachusetts, in 1845, came to Cincinnati in 186o and subsequently became connected with the firm of G. Y. Roots & Company, flour merchants and millers. At the present time he is engaged in the salt, coal and chemical business at Hartford, West Virginia. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Harriet Langdon Ferris, was born at Linwood, Station C, Cincinnati, in 1850. Their children were five in number, namely : Fannie Smith Goodhart ; Horace Ferris Smith ; May Smith Davis, deceased ; Erwyn Albert Smith ; and H. Raymond, of this review. The mother of A. E. Smith had an uncle, General Greene, who served in the Revolutionary war. H. Raymond Smith supplemented his preliminary education, obtained in the Linwood public school, by a course of study in the Woodward high school, from which he was graduated in 1902. He also spent one year as a student in the CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 367 which he was graduated in 1902. He also spent one yer as a student in the University of Cincinnati. After putting aside his text-books he resided for three years in West Virginia, assisting his father in the conduct of his business. On the 1st of July, 1906, he embarked in the fire insurance business at Cincinnati and is now president and treasurer of The A. R. Witham Insurance Agency Company. He has thoroughly acquainted himself with the insurance business in every department and thus by personal knowledge is competent to direct and control the labors of others. His judgment is recognized by all as sound and reliable and constitutes a potent force in the continued growth and success of the company. He is likewise a director of the Mount Lookout Building & Loan Association Company. On the 6th of June, 1906, at Cincinnati, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Edna W. Witham, whose birth occurred in Tusculum, Station C, Cincinnati, her parents being A. R. and Annie L. Witham. The father, who embarked in the fire insurance business in 1876, came to this city from Withamsville, Clermont county, Ohio. Our subject and his wife have one daughter, Elizabeth Witham Smith, whose natal day was August 8, 1907. At the polls Mr. Smith usually casts his ballot in support of the men and measures of the republican party, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Linwood Baptist church. He is also a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity and has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. Socially he is connected with the Hyde Park Country Club and the Zeta Psi fraternity, joining the latter while a student in the University of Cincinnati. He has attained a creditable place in business circles of the city for one of his years, and laudable ambition and determination prompt him to put forth an effort which insures larger successes in the future. CLIFFORD F. KERN. Clifford F. Kern, a successful representative of industrial interests in Cincinnati, is the president of the Kern Machine Tool Company, which was organized on the 1st of January, 1907. He was born in this city in 1872, his father being Albert P. Kern. As a boy he entered the shops of the firm of Lodge & Davis, first working as an apprentice and later as a machinist for five years. On the expiration of that period he secured employment with the Uihlein Company, a steel jobbing house of Cincinnati, remaining with that concern until he embarked in business on his own account in 1906. In September of that year he established the Kern Machine Tool Company, organizing the firm on the 1st of January, 1907. The concern occupies two buildings at Nos. 4657-4659 Spring Grove avenue, the dimensions of the main structure being two hundred and forty by fifty feet, while those of the other building are fifty by one hundred and twenty feet. The officers of the company are as follows : Clifford F. Kern, president; and Arthur T. Letherby, vice president and treasurer. Both gentlemen are practical mechanics and employ one hundred skilled workmen in the conduct of their business. They are successfully engaged in the manufacture of machine tools, making a specialty of upright drilling machinery. 368 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Arthur T. Letherby was born at Plymouth, England, in 1861, and when about thirteen years of age emigrated to Canada, where he completed his education, attending the Mechanics Institute at London, Ontario. He learned the machinist's trade in the employ of the Stevens, Turner & Burns Company of London, Ontario. In 1881 he crossed the border into the United States and soon afterward entered the service of the Niles Tool Works at Hamilton,. Ohio, remaining with that concern as a machinist for fifteen years. On the expiration of that period he became superintendent for the 'Hamilton Machine Tool Company of Hamilton, Ohio, acting in that capacity for about ten years. On the 1st of January, 1909, he came to Cincinnati and has since been prominently identified with industrial interests here, as the vice president and treasurer of the Kern Machine Tool Company. CARL KLEVE, SR. The predominating element of the citizenship of Cincinnati is that furnished by Germany and the city in large measure owes its upbuilding and progress to the sons of the fatherland, among whom Carl Kleve, Sr., is .numbered. He is a man of substantial worth and character whose success in business has been won through his own untiring efforts and spirit of enterprise. A native of Germany, Mr. Kleve was born in Kreis Lingen, in the former Kingdom of Hanover, November 30, 1843. His father, Joseph, was born September 4, 1817, and became extensively engaged in farming in his native land where his entire life was passed. His son Carl continued to reside in Germany until twenty-two years of age, and in the public schools acquired his education, completing his studies by a high-school course in 1861. He then turned his attention to mercantile pursuits with which he was connected for five years. The favorable reports which reached him concerning America and her opportunities awakened in him the unconquerable desire to try his fortune in the new world and in 1866 he bade adieu to friends and native land and sailed for New York. He did not tarry on the eastern coast, however, but came at once to Cincinnati, where he secured the position of bookkeeper in a lumber and box factory owned by J. H. Luhn with whom he continued until 1868. In that year he turned his attention to the insurance business and became secretary of the Sun Mutual Insurance Company with which he remained until 1872. His next venture was in the field of merchandising, for in that year he established a notion store on Main street as a member of the firm of Klasen & Kleve. Two years later he became associated with Alexander Demick under' the firm style of Kleve & Demick, and was thus associated with the notion trade until 1876, when he became junior partner of the firm of Martin Thieman & Company. That partnership relation was maintained for four years, when he became foreign agent for German and French manufacturers of dry goods, for about six years, when he again became a representative of fire insurance under the agency name of Kleve & Company. He has since continued in this field and employs about fifteen people. He has acquainted himself with every phase of the insurance business and has won many clients, making his undertaking a profitable and growing business. He CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 369 is pleasantly located in commodious offices in the First National Bank building and has now five companies in his agency. On the l0th of May, 1870, Mr. Kleve was married to Miss Caroline Fischer, who was born in this city and is a daughter of F. B. Fischer, who is here engaged in the jewelry business. Mr. and Mrs. Kleve had a family of four sons : Joseph, who died at the age of thirty years, leaving a widow ; Arthur, who is engaged in the insurance business in New York city ; Carl, who married Emma Ratterman, a daughter of A. B. Ratterman, of the A. B. Ratterman & Sons Company, wholesale dealers in leather of all kinds ; and a son, Charles, who died when five years of age. Having lost his first wife Mr. Kleve was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Hetteberg, who is a daughter of Joseph B. Blettner, and she has a daughter making her home with Mr. and Mrs. Kleve. In his political views Mr. Kleve is independent, forming his opinions without regard to party dictation. He is a member of the Catholic church and is interested in all that pertains to public progress in the city of his adoption. He has never had occasion to regret his determination to come to the new world, for here he found the opportunities which he sought and in their improvement has made steady progress. He is today a prominent and influential citizen among the German American residents of Cincinnati and exemplifies in his life many of the sterling traits of the people of the fatherland. HON. JOHN M. PATTISON. Step by step in public life John M. Pattison worked his way upward until at his death he was filling the highest position within the gift of his fellow citizens of Ohio, being governor of the state. His service as chief executive covered only a few months but it was the consensus of public opinion that had he been spared his record would have added new laurels to those with which his name was already crowned. His previous service in the general assembly and in congress was an earnest of what his gubernatorial work would have been. Mr. Pattison was a native of Owensville, Clermont county, Ohio, born on the 13th of June, 1847. The careful training of his parents inculcated in the boy principles which bore fruit in later life. He improved his educational opportunities, which were those offered by the public schools of Clermont county and by the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, which he entered at the close of the war and from which he was graduated with the class of 1869. In the meantime, although but a boy in years, he had done active service for his country in the struggle between the north and the south. When kit fourteen years of age he had enlisted in the State Guard and at the age of seventeen he responded to the country's call for troops, wearing the blue uniform until his military service was terminated by an honorable discharge on the 18th of December, 1865. Following the war and the completion of his literary course he took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1872. He at once entered upon active practice but was soon called from the pursuits of private life, to public service in his election to the 'state legislature in; 1873. The creditable record which he made in that connection led to his selection for the office. of state senator, in which 370 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY he served for one term, and upon his retirement he entered the field of life insurance. He was for many years the successful manager of the Union Central Life Insurance Companyexceptionallyof Ohio. He was e(xceptionally well qualified for this position, having been trained by practical service in the field of life insurance and possessing that firmness which is necessary in control and which inspired those under him with a belief in his thorough understanding of the business to which he gave his attention. Eventually he became vice president and afterward president of the Union Central Life Insurance Company, with which he was connected up to the time of his demise. Early in life Governor Pattison was united in marriage to Miss Alethia Williams, a (laughter of Professor W. G. Williams of the Wesleyan University at Delaware. She (lied soon afterward and twelve years later, in 1893, Governor Pattison wedded Miss Anna W. Williams, a sister of his first wife. His family numbered three daughters and one son, John W. Pattison. In the year 1890 Mr. Pattison was again called to public life, being elected to the national house of representatives, wherein he made a creditable record, giving to each vital question earnest consideration and seeking at all times the good of the district which he represented. Early in 1905 he entered upon a campaign for the democratic nomination for governor of the state and was made the standard bearer of his party in the convention at Columbus on the 28th of June, 1905. He was then elected governor by nearly forty thousand plurality and was inaugurated on the 8th of January, 1906. He had state affairs well in hand and was carefully formulating plans and a policy for his four years' term when his work was untimely ended in death on the 18th of June of that year. The press all over the state paid high tribute to him, for he was loved and honored by the people he ruled and was justly regarded as one of the distinguished men of Ohio, ever faultless in honor, fearless in conduct and stainless in reputation. AARON BURT CHAMPION. There is little variation in the opportunities which surround American youths, and that which differentiates one individual from another is largely the use which he makes of the advantages which come to him. In individual effort and not in family ties or fortunate circumstances is usually found the secret of success and the cause of an individual's rise from an humble position to one of prominence. In the life of Aaron Burt Champion this is fully illustrated. It is a far step from the position of telegraph operator at the age of thirteen years to that of a distinguished lawyer, but within the span of his life Mr. Champion not only accomplished this, but much more and left a record for good fellowship, for business ability, for professional skill and broad sympathy which had its manifestation in many practical forms. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, February 9, 1842, a son of John Newton and Sarah Ann (Chadbourne) Champion. The ambitious dispositon of the boy was manifest by the fact that in early youth he learned telegraphy and when thirteen years of age had an office at Benwood, on the Ohio river. This was not CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 373 done from necessity, however, as his parents were in comfortable circumstances, his father being one of the early prosperous merchants of Columbus, where the family is still well known. The father was born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1797, and died in Columbus in August, 1845. From 1856 until 1860 our subject attended Antioch College at Yellow Springs, Ohio, while the distinguished educator and statesman, Horace Mann, was president thereof. Mr. Champion's contact with men of splendid mental caliber like Horace Mann and others aroused in him the desire to direct his labors in intellectual channels, and to this end he took up the study of law in the office and under the direction of Francis Collins, of Columbus, and was admitted to the bar on the 16th of February, 1863. In February, 1864, he began practice in Cincinnati and was not only closely associated with the work of the courts but also became an influential factor in political circles and in 1872 was sent as a delegate from the second district of Ohio to the national convention at Baltimore, which nominated Horace Greeley for the presidency. In 1870 he was made a nominee of the democratic party for the office of prosecuting attorney and although he failed of election his defeat was one that amounted almost to a victory and strongly indicated his personal popularity, for he led his ticket by five thousand votes. Only words of commendation are spoken of Mr. Champion in his relations as a citizen and business man. He was recognized as one of the strong and able members of the bar and was connected with a number of important corporations as legal counsel. He served as attorney for the Thompson-Houston Electric Company and was regarded as the best posted man on electric matters of any citizen of the west. In other fields outside of business the labors of Mr. Champion were equally effective, far reaching and beneficial. He was commissioner of several of Cincinnati's expositions in behalf of which he was a tireless worker. In 1887 he went to Europe in company with James Allison to secure data and ideas for the Centennial of Cincinnati and the Ohio valley, and there learned many things that he embodied in the conduct of the exposition which added much to its attractiveness. He served as a director in Cincinnati of the Industrial Expositions of 1885, 1886 and 1888. About 1892 he obtained charge of the street-railway system of Wheeling, West Virginia, which he thoroughly reorganized, making it one of the most complete street-railway systems of the country, becoming its president and general manager. His business ability like his professional power was pronounced. He possessed marked executive force, recognizing the possibilities of a situation, utilizing each opportunity to good advantage in the accomplishment of the purpose which he undertook. Mr. Champion was also keenly interested in sports and in 1867 joined with others in the organization and conduct of the Union Cricket Club. It was largely through his instrumentality that the Cincinnati Baseball Club was organized in his office. It was then purly an amateur nine, and in 1867 Mr. Champion was elected president of the club. In the early days it was mostly called the Red Stockings, and was the first uniformed club of the west. In 1869 they toured the entire country and it was in the fertile brain of Mr. Champion that the idea originated of a ball club playing from city to city and thus winning honors in national contests. In a tour from Portland, Maine, to San Francisco, California, the Cincinnati club never suffered defeat in a year and a half. 374 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY On the 25th of January, 187o, Mr. Champion was married in New Carlisle, Ohio, to Miss Elizabeth Scobey Taylor, and to them were born five children, of whom three are now living : Florence, the wife of Dr. J. W. Rowe ; A. Burt, living in St. Louis; and Mabel, the wife of J. M. Stone, an attorney of Cincinnati. Dr. Rowe was born in Cincinnati in 1869 and was graduated. from Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1892. Three years later he completed a course in medicine in Cincinnati, after which he studied abroad and has since been engaged in practice in this city, where his professional learning and skill have gained him recognition as an able exponent of the scientific principles which underlie the practice of medicine. To Dr. and Mrs. Rowe have been born three children, Champion, Burchell and Phoebe. The death of Mr. Champion occurred in London, England, September 1, 1895. He had several times crossed the ocean and traveled quite extensively abroad, gaining thereby the wide general information which comes from per-. sonal contact with the historic and art interests of the old world as well as the phases of modern life. In a review of his record it will be noticed that Mr. Champion was always a tireless worker, determined and diligent, and that he was a leader, never a follower of men. His sagacity was keen, his views practical and he accomplished what he undertook. His broad humanitarianism was also one of his pronounced characteristics. He gave much time. to charitable work, serving on the boards of various institutions. He was particularly interested in the House of Refuge and put forth every effort in his power to advance its work. He was also for six years a director of the Home of the Friendless and was a director of the Ohio Mechanics Institute. At the same time he continued an active and forceful practitioner before the bar. His varied interests developed a well rounded character, his business and professional activities, his charitable and social interests maintaining an even balance in his life, At his death the following paragraph appeared in the Louisville Courier-Journal : "There were few. men in Cincinnati engaged in the profession of law who bore a more reputable name and enjoyed a more lucrative practice than the Hon. A. B. Champion. He was a lawyer by birth, education and practice, and a courteous, clever gentleman by nature. Comparatively young in years, vigorous in mind and attentive to his business, his future promised to be even more brilliant than his past life as a lawyer and no man deserved more fame and fortune than has been honorably attained by this excellent and clean gentleman." SMITH HICKENLOOPER. Smith Hickenlooper, practicing with Ben B. Nelson, is one of the able young attorneys representing the bar of. Cincinnati and in a profession where advancement depends entirely upon individual merit he is steadily working his way upward, having already gained a position and reputation which many an older practitioner might well envy. He was born in this city, February 13, 1880, his parents being General Andrew and Maria L. (Smith) Hickenlooper. Spending his youthful days at home, he was sent at the usual age to the public schools and in time was graduated from the Woodward high school with the class of 1897. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 375 He then eagerly embraced the opportunity for further intellectual progress and entered the University of Cincinnati, from which he was graduated in 1901 with the A. B. degree. Soon afterward he became a student in the Harvard Law School, where he won the LL. B. degree in 1904. In December of the same year he was admitted to practice upon examination before the supreme court of Ohio and has since been registered as an attorney at law, in which connection he has made continuous and gratifying progress. He at once began practice and in March, 1905, was admitted to partnership by the firm of Outcalt & Foraker. This association was maintained until the death of the senior partner, J. M. Foraker, when the firm style of Outcalt & Hickenlooper was assumed. In December, 1909, however, Mr. Hickenlooper withdrew from this partnership and has since practiced independently, until April, 1911; when he became associated with Ben B. Nelson, under the firm style of Nelson & Hickenlooper. Few young lawyers have made a more lasting impression upon the bar of the city both for legal ability of a high order and for the individuality of a personal character. His presentation of a case indicates a thorough mastery of the questions involved, combined with a rare simplicity of style and an admirable terseness and clearness in the statement of the principles upon which he rests his case. Mr. Hickenlooper has held but few public offices and these have been in connection with educational interests. He was appointed a member of the board of education to fill a vacancy in the fourteenth ward but resigned about nine months later on removing from that ward. In January, 191o, he was appointed a member of the board of directors of the University of Cincinnati. His political allegiance is given the republican party but aside from exercising his right of franchise he is not actively concerned in politics. He belongs to the Phi Beta Kappa and the Beta Theta Pi and is a prominent club man of the city, holding membership in the University, Cincinnati Country, Riding, Cincinnati Gymnasium and Athletic, Stumps Boat and Cincinnati Golf Clubs. On the 18th of October, 1910, Mr. Hickenlooper was married to Miss A. Bailey Wright, a (laughter of Gordon R. and Celia D. (Doughty) Wright. They are well known in the social circles of the city and Mr. Hickenlooper is possessed of those personal qualities which render him popular among the general public as well as with his professional associates. He is rapidly winning for himself a prominent position at the bar and his developing powers and talents promise success for the future. EDWARD VALENTINE WILBERN. Edward Valentine Wilbern, a capitalist of Cincinnati, has made wide excursions into that field of intellectual advancement and enjoyment which comes through travel and study. His financial affairs connect him largely with Cincinnati, as do his social interests in considerable measure, yet he has spent years in travel abroad and the interesting places of the world are to him largely familiar. He was born at Grand View, Spencer county, Indiana, on the 20th of December, 1869, his parents being John Albert and Elizabeth (Wenner) Wil- 376 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY bern. His father was a merchant, manufacturer, miller and tobacco exporter of Spencer county, Indiana, his business activities being one of the chief sources of material progress and upbuilding in that section, for he owned there a woolen mill, saw mill, flour mill, a general store and three large farms. He displayed an aptitude for successful management that brought him prominently before the public in his business relations and his labors, too, were largely of a character that contributed to general progress as well as to individual prosperity. Edward V. Wilbern pursued his preliminary education in the schools of Grand View and later continued his studies in Cincinnati. A noted writer has said that a year's travel is equal to a four years' college course, and circumstances have made it possible for Mr. Wilbern not only to spend one year in sightseeing but an entire decade. However, in the meantime he proved his worth in the business world which he entered at the age of twenty-two years, on the 15th of November, 1892, as a tobacco manufacturer. He bent his energies toward the upbuilding, development and extension of the business with the result that within a brief space he had built up an extensive and profitable enterprise that after five years he sold to the American Tobacco Company of New York. He is financially interested in the Provident Savings Bank & Trust Company, of which he is a director, and he is also president of the Munro Hotel Company. In 1898 he disposed of his tobacco interests and in 1900 crossed the Atlantic to Europe. Travel proved so favorable to him that he spent the following ten years in that way. In his journeyings, which were taken leisurely, so that he might become thoroughly acquainted with every point that interested him, he made his way from Spitzbergen to Java and visited all the historic old world including Asia, Africa, China, Japan and Egypt, and all Europe, including Russia, Norway and Sweden on the north and the southernmost countries of that continent. He has visited the principal points of the West Indies and of the East Indies, or Canada and Mexico, and is thoroughly familiar with his own country from the Atlantic to the Pacific, South America, Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania, Fiji Islands, The Holy Land and Monte Carlo. He belongs to the English Lutheran church and is prominent in the club and social circles of the city, belonging to the Queen City, Blaine, Pen and Pencil, Business Men's Club, Automobile, Aviation, the Cincinnati Gymnasium, the Hamilton County Golf Club and the Cincinnati Hotel Men's Association. Mr. Wilbern is now president of the Cincinnati Hotel Men's Association, Munro Realty Company, Munro Hotel Company, Vice President of the Cincinnati Commercial Association, Director of the Provident Savings Bank and Trust Company, Director of the Kroger Grocer and Baking Company. SCOTT SMALL. Newspaper work offers a tempting field for the exercise of the energies of young men and many of the leaders in professional, political or business life in America gained their preliminary training in the newspaper office. Scott Small, who is now director of public safety of Cincinnati, owes much of his success to experience as a newspaper reporter, a position which presents a rare CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 379 opportunity for meeting men and gaining practical knowledge of the world. He was born at Harrison, Hamilton county, Ohio, November 7, 1857, a son of John and Margaret (Ryan) Small. The father was for over forty years in the grocery business at Harrison and is now living retired with his wife in that place. Mr. Small of this review attended the public schools and after laying his books aside became correspondent at Harrison for the Cincinnati Enquirer, thus gaining his first experience as a newspaper writer. In 1887 he came to Cincinnati as legal reporter for The Times Star and continued in newspaper work until 1909, when he was appointed private secretary to Colonel Markbright, mayor of Cincinnati. The mayor died seventeen months later and Mr. Small continued as private secretary to Mayor John Galvin, successor to Colonel Markbright. After a month under Mayor Galvin Mr. Small was tendered the appointment of director of public safety, a position of large responsibility, which he accepted. On account of his intimate knowledge of the city and of the management of municipal affairs he has proved a highly valuable and efficient officer and is so recognized by the best citizens of Cincinnati irrespective of party. In 1893 Mr. Small was married to Miss Mildred Grimm, a daughter of Colonel John and Elizabeth Grimm, of this city. Mr. Small is in sympathy with the republican party, the principles of which appeal to him as essential to the permanency and prosperity of the country. He has been an active worker in the Stamina Republican League and the Young Men's Blaine Club and served as vice president of the latter organization in 1909 and 1910 and second vice president in 1910 and 1911. He is also a valued and useful member of Miami lodge, A. F. & A. M., the North Cincinnati Turn Verein and the Pen and Pencil Club. He is remarkably industrious and persevering and by conscientious attention to his duties, whatever the position he may be filling, he has always gained the confidence and good will of his associates. He served for twenty years as press agent of the Grand Opera House during the theatrical season and in a similar capacity for Coney Island in the summer. Always prompt and reliable, he has fairly earned the respect in which he is held by the people of Cincinnati and in the future as in the past it is evident, judging by his record, that he may be depended upon faithfully and honorably to discharge every obligation. FRANK M. BERING. Commercial and industrial Cincinnati finds a splendid representative in Frank M. Bering, and no history of the city would be complete without mention of him because of his close and prominent connection with its trade circles. He is today the president and manager of the Bering. Shoe Company, one of the three largest shoe manufacturing concerns of Cincinnati which has long been recognized as an important shoe manufacturing center of America. Hamilton county numbers Frank M. Bering among her native sons, his birth having occurred in Cincinnati July 15, 1850. His father, Balser Bering, was a native of Denmark and a shoe maker by trade. Having come to the new world, he conducted a small shoe store and repair shop in Cincinnati in the latter part of the '4os, his place of business being where the Alms & Deopke store is 380 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY now located. The Bering family are direct descendants of the Bering or Behring who explored Behring sea and strait, which bodies of water were named in his honor. Balser Bering lived for many years in the rural districts not far from Cincinnati but later in life removed to this city where his remaining days were passed, his death occurring in 1895, when he was eighty-six years of age. The mother, Mary (Nourth) Bering, a native of Germany, lived to the age of 65,, dying in 1875. In the public schools Frank M. Bering acquired the usual branches of learning. His youthful days were spent upon the home farm and when in his boyhood he learned the shoemaker's trade under the direction of his father. He worked at the trade until 1884, when he established a small shoe manufacturing business at No. 57 West Pearl street, being associated in this undertaking with his brother, J. J. Bering, who died on the 19th of April, 1899. When they first started they had no machinery, whatever, the work being done entirely by hand. However, they employed about fifteen people and turned out about fifteen pairs of shoes daily. Something of the rapid and substantial growth of the business is indicated by the fact that. their output is now between twenty and twenty-five hundred pairs of shoes daily and they employ between five and six hundred operatives in the factory. When they began business the manufacture of shoes was of minor importance in Cincinnati : in 1909 the output of various shoe manufacturing concerns of this city was valued at over twenty-one million dollars, making this industry second only to the manufacture of soap as the leading industry of the city. At that time the soap sales amounted to twenty-five millions, while the machine tools came third with a business of fifteen millions. The Bering Shoe Company is the third largest of the city, with an extensive factory at the corner of Sixth and Sycamore streets, where business has been carried on for twenty-six years. The present officers are F. M. Bering, president and manager ; his • son, Adolph Bering, vice president ; his brother, Adolph Bering, Sr., treasurer ; ,and Edgar A. Bering, another son, secretary. This company was incorporated' in 1905 as a stock company with a capital stock of two hundred thousand dollars. They now have a surplus of between two and three hundred thousand dollars and the business is steadily growing. It is a monument to the enterprise and ability of him who stands as its head and was its organizer. The company manufactures ladies' shoes exclusively, their Imperial shoe being especially well known. Carefully formulated plans have been promptly executed and thorough study of the trade in every relation, both as to purchase and as to sales, has led to practical effort resulting in substantial success. In 1880 Mr. Bering was united in marriage to Miss Helen Duttenhofer, a daughter of Val Duttenhofer, the founder of the great shoe manufacturing concern of Val Duttenhofer's Sons Company, of Cincinnati. Mrs. Bering was born in what was then known as Jamestown, Kentucky, across the Ohio river from this city. By h'er. marriage to Mr. Bering she became the mother of seven children, as follows : Angeles.; Adolph ; Alma, deceased ; Edgar ; Morris, who passed away in infancy ; and Frank and Joseph, twins. Mr. Bering holds membership in the Roman Catholic church and also with the Knights of Columbus. Social interests, however, have never been allowed to interfere with his business affairs. He has concentrated his energies upon his manufacturing interests to the exclusion of aught else and as the result of his CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 381 close application and sound judgment he is today at the head of one of the largest and most important manufacturing concerns of the city. His prosperity represents the fit utilization of the innate powers and talents which are his. He has seemed to make no false movements nor at any time to have lacked that sound judgment which prevents mistakes and failures.. Moreover his career is one which will bear close investigation and scrutiny and is proof of the fact that prosperity and an honored name may be won simultaneously. He is a member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and the Hamilton County Golf Club. His chief recreations are golfing, fishing and out of door sports. WILLIAM P. HULBERT. William P. Hulbert, of Cincinnati, manager of the Hulbert estate, is one of the promising young business men of the city and represents the fourth generation of a family whose name is closely identified with the growth of this city. He was born in Cincinnati in 1886, a son of Harry C. and Elizabeth ( Johnston) Hulbert. Nathan Hulbert, the great-grandfather of our subject, was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and was married to Elizabeth White, also a native of Maryland. He engaged in the mercantile business and became an Indian trader. He conveyed his merchandise, which consisted of beads, calicoes, trinkets, etc., by wagon from Baltimore to the western side of the Alleghany mountains and came down the Ohio river on a flat boat, stopping at various points for barter with the aborigines. He continued his journey to the mouth of the Ohio and thence on the Mississippi river to New Orleans. Having. disposed of his goods he went aboard a sailing vessel bound for Baltimore. After making several trips of the kind named the pioneer trader decided to cast his fortunes in the west and, accordingly, in 1817, located in Cincinnati with his family and in addition to engaging in the mercantile business was during the remainder of his life actively interested in real estate. His home and store occupied the present site of the United States custom house. William P. Hulbert, Sr., grandfather of our subject, was born in Cincinnati April 25, 1817,—the year in which his parents located in this city. He received good advantages of education at the Lancasterian Seminary which was at that time a department of Cincinnati College. He succeeded his father in the mercantile business, in which he was eminently successful, but sold out in 1853 it order to give proper attention to the large real-estate interests of the family He erected the Hulbert building, which stands at the corner of Sixth and Vine streets, and was prominent in a number of enterprises, among which was. the Buckeye Insurance Company, being president of that concern for eleven years. In 1863 he was appointed park commissioner and while serving in that office assisted in laying out Washington and Lincoln parks. He was also for a number of years a member of the board of police commissioners and served with great acceptance as a member of the board of directors of the Longview Insane Asylum. He was .'a member of the chamber of commerce and being a man of 382 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY great industry, clear judgment and unusual public spirit he was instrumental in forwarding many undertakings that have resulted in permanent benefit to the city. He was twice married, his first wife being a Miss Wood, who died leaving one son. On March 4, 1852, he was married to Miss Caroline M. Bowne, a daughter of Thomas P. Bowne, of Flushing, Long Island, one of the early mayors of New York city, and three children were born to this union,—George, Harry C. and Mrs. Frank L. Perin. Harry C. Hulbert was born in Cincinnati in 1853. He received his education in the public schools and at Chickering Institute, later attending one of the eastern colleges. For many years he was associated with his father in business and gained recognition as one of the reliable and progressive men of the city. He was married to Elizabeth Johnston, a daughter of Judge Robert A. Johnston, and of the three children born to this union two survive, Caroline B. and William P. The father died in 1906 and the mother was married to Owen Tyler, of Louisville, Kentucky. Mr. Hulbert of this sketch attended the public schools and completed his studies at St. Paul's school, Concord, New Hampshire. He is now giving his attention to the management of the family estate and as he possesses practical business judgment and is thoroughly acquainted with the important work which he has undertaken, he is discharging his duties to the entire satisfaction, of those concerned. In 1907 Mr. Hulbert was married to Miss Mary Louise Potts, a. daughter of John D. Potts, of Richmond, Virginia. A native of Cincinnati, Mr. Hulbert is greatly interested in the development of the city and as an enterprising and broad-minded man is assisting to the extent of his ability in promoting its permanent welfare. He has a large acquaintance in business and social circles and the respect in which he is held by his friends is evidence of his genuine personal worth. He is a member of Queen City Club, the Cincinnati Country Club, the Riding Club, Gymnasium Club and of Troop C, Ohio National Guard. ASA BRAINERD ISHAM, M. D. Dr. Asa Brainerd Isham, who more than forty years ago began the practice of his profession in Cincinnati and has gained wide recognition as a physician and authority, is a native of Jackson, Ohio. He was born July 12, 1844, a son of Chapman and Mary A. (Faulkner) Isham. The father was a merchant, banker and dealer in iron and was born at Wilbraham, Massachusetts, February 15, 1814. He was a son of Asa and Sarah (Chapman) Isham. The Isham family is of English origin and the ancestry has been traced back in America to 166o when the progenitors on this side of the Atlantic landed at Cape Cod. One of the descendants was the mother of Thomas Jefferson and members of the family are now to be found in business life and in the professions in almost every state of the Union. The mother of our subject was born at Jackson, Ohio, in 1821. In the public schools of his native town Asa B. Isham received his preliminary education, later graduating from the Marietta (Ohio) Academy. After leaving CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 383 the academy he became identified with a newspaper. The Lake Superior Journal, at Marquette, Michigan, passing rapidly through the various stages of printer's "devil," printer, foreman of the office and associate editor, his period of service extending from 1860 to 1862. In the latter year he became city editor of the Detroit Tribune. At this time the Civil war threw its shadows over the land. In response to the call for soldiers to defend the Union he enlisted as a private, November 18, 1862, in the Seventh Michigan Cavalry and participated in some of the leading battles and movements of the war.. was severely wounded in an engagement near Warrenton Junction, Virginia, May 14, 1863, but after his recovery returned to his regiment and was again wounded in action at Yellow Tavern May 11, 1864, and captured by the Confederates. He was held a prisoner in various prisons in the south and subjected to the fire of the federal battery on Morris Island for several weeks while confined at Charleston, South Carolina. On December 11, 1864, he was paroled for exchange and returned to Cincinnati, later going to Texas with the Fourth Army Corps. He was honorably discharged April 14, 1865, by the board of medical examiners, being incapacitated for active service on account of wounds received in the line of duty. He entered the army as a private and was promoted as sergeant in Company I and sergeant regimental marker, being assigned as first lieutenant in Company F in 1864. After laying aside the accouterments of war he purchased an interest in a general store at Celina, Ohio, and continued there during the winter of 1865-66. In the spring of 1866, having decided to devote his attention to the medical profession, he retired from the mercantile business and in the following June began the study of medicine under Dr. A. T. Keyt, of Walnut Hills, Cincinnati. In October, 1866, he matriculated in the Medical College of Ohio and after pursuing the regular course was graduated with the degree of M. D. in March, 1869. He at once began practice at Walnut Hills and has ever since successfully engaged in general practice. As the years passed he made use of every available means of broadening his knowledge and promoting his efficiency, winning the good will of the medical fraternity and also attracting a large and lucrative patronage. He served as professor of physiology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery from 1877-1880 and from 1880-1881 as professor of materia medica and therapeutics in the same institution. In 1879 he served as president of the Walnut Hills Medical Society. He very acceptably filled the office of pension examiner under President Harrison and for seventeen years from 1886 to 1903, was a member of the medical board of police examiners of Cincinnati. In recognition of his distinguished ability the honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by Marietta College in 1889. He has been a member of the board of trustees of the Academy of Medicine since 1900, serving as vice president in 1901 and March 1, 1902, was elected president of that institution. At the present time he is president of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Hospital and was the author of a resolution calling for the erection of a new hospital which is now in course of construction, the ground upon which it is being built having been selected by Dr. Isham. He was appointed by Governor Nash a member of the board of trustees of this hospital. He has for many years been a valued member of the Ohio State Medical Society and the 384 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY American Medical Association and takes a great interest in those organizations and in all other means for promoting the efficiency of the profession. Dr. Isham has been a frequent contributor to the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, the Medical News and other professional. journals and his articles have been widely copied in this country and in Europe. He edited the papers of the late Dr. A. T. Keyt, arranging them in a volume, entitled "Sphygmography and Cardiography ;" this publication attracted the attention of physicians throughout the world. He is the author of "Prisoners of War and Military Prisons;" a large volume fully illustrated, which treats exhaustively of life in confederate prisons during the war of the rebellion, and he also wrote a history of the Seventh Michigan Cavalry, of which he was a member. He is also a contributor, to the volumes of war papers published by the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion and Fred .C. Jones Post, G. A. R., and in his various writings displays an originality and versatility which entitle him to a high place among literary men of the country. On the l0th of October, 1870, Dr. Islam was united in marriage to Miss Mary H. Keyt, a daughter of Dr. Alonza T. and Susannah (Hamlin) Keyt, of Walnut Hills, and to this union seven children have been born, Mary K., Asa Chapman, Susan H., Alonza K., Frances C., Helen and Eleanor Louise. Mary K., the eldest of the children of Dr. and Mrs. Isham, was graduated at the Laurel Memorial College of Cincinnati, was also graduated from Wellesley, received the fellowship from Bryn Mawr in the University of Chicago, and served as interne at the Presbyterian Hospital. She is now physician at the Columbus (Ohio) State Hospital, having charge of the female department. Fraternally Dr. Isham is identified with the Masonic order and is past master of Walnut Hills lodge. He is past commander of Fred C. Jones Post, G. A. R., and now fills the position of post surgeon. He is prominently connected with the Ohio Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, of which he was elected commander in 1903. He is also a member of the Literary Club, of Cincinnati, and the Marietta College Club of this city. The home of Dr. and Mrs. Isham is at No. 849 Oak street, Walnut Hills. A man of remarkable strength mentally and physically, he has for many years been an indefatigable student and worker and has gained deserved recognition as a physician and scholar. He has met with marked success in a noble calling, and the respect in which he is held by his associates a'nd the people of Cincinnati is convincing evidence as to his unusual skill and rare personal worth. E. OTIS SMITH, M. D. The practice of surgery has a worthy representative in Dr. E. Otis Smith, who for fifteen years past has met with gratifying success in his specialty, which is almost invariably the, reward 'of conscientious and wisely directed application. Born at Rushville, Indiana, February 2, 1871, he is a son of George W. Smith, a farmer. In the country schools he received his early education, attaining such proficiency that at seventeen years of age he secured a certificate and taught for a year in a district school near his home. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 387 Having decided to pursue his studies further, he matriculated at De Pauw University but did not graduate at that institution as he left the university at the completion of his sophomore year, in 1893, and entered the Medical College of Ohio. After taking the regular course he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1896. He makes a specialty of genito-urinary surgery and has shown an adaptability to this branch which indicates rare talents and has gained for him distinction throughout a Wide section of the country. Since 1906 he has occupied the chair of professor of genito-urinary surgery in the Medical College of Ohio, also filling a similar position with the Good Samaritan and St. Mary's hospitals. He is cystoscopist to the city hospital and to Dr. Rufus B. Hall's private hospital on Walnut Hills. Since June, 1909, he has filled the important position of secretary of the Ohio-Miami Medical College, this being the medical department of the University of Cincinnati. He is greatly interested in medical organizations and is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, of which he has been secretary since 1907, being also a member of the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, the Ohio State Medical Association, the American Medical Association and the American Urological Association, the latter of which is one of the leading medical organizations of this country. In 1901 Dr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Eugenia Bradley, a daughter of Henry C. Bradley of Cincinnati, and they have two children, Lucille and Bradley Haddon. He is a member of the Nu Sigma Nu medical college fraternity and also of the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity but is not identified with any political organization. He is a member of and a trustee in the Mount Auburn Methodist Episcopal church. He has found time notwithstanding his numerous duties to keep thoroughly informed as to the great advances in medicine and surgery and also with the progress of the world along all important lines of endeavor. Thoroughly efficient in his calling, his life has been one of increasing usefulness, and it is doubtful whether a more indefatigable worker is to be found in Cincinnati. The interest which he takes in his profession has led to a marked degree of success and the esteem in which he is held by his brother practitioners and his patients is evidence of his skill and of genuine personal worth. Few men in Cincinnati can look forward to a more promising future than the accomplished gentleman whose name stands at the head of this review. WILLIAM MOERLEIN. In the death of William Moerlein on the 17th of September, 1896, Cincinnati lost one of her most popular young men, widely and favorably known in the business and social circles of the city, his engaging personal qualities winning for him the high regard and enduring friendship of many. His birth occurred here on the 19th of November, 1865. His father was Christian Moerlein, who was born in Truppach, Bavaria, May 13, 1818, and was a son of Conrad Moerlein. In his native country he attended school until thirteen years of age, when he began learning the blacksmith's trade and also worked upon the farm with his father. A portion of his youth was also devoted to the brewing business and thus his varied training well equipped him for whatever duties might come to Vol. III-18 388 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY him in later life. More than all, he learned thoroughly the lesson that industry and determination form the basic element of prosperity. He remained at home until eighteen years of age and then started out as a journeyman blacksmith, working in that capacity for five years, his weekly wages being a Prussian dollar and his board. He was anxious to marry and establish a home of his own but he could not afford to with such a meager income. It was this that awakened in him the desire to go to America where better business. opportunities could be secured, and in this emergency his father offered him forty dollars. With this as his sole capital he started for Bremen, walking the entire distance. He carried a kit of tools and worked by the way in order to save his money. At length the distance between his old home and the seaport town—three hundred miles—was covered and at Bremen he embarked on the sailing vessel Rebecca, which after a voyage of fifty-eight days reached the harbor of Baltimore. At that time his cash capital consisted of twelve dollars, of which sum he paid eight dollars for his passage by canal and rail to Pittsburg. Finding no work in that city, he continued on his way to Belmont county, Ohio, where he obtained employment at seven dollars per month and board. His efficient workmanship led to an increase in salary until he was earning fifteen dollars per month and board. In 1842 he removed to Wheeling and the same year came to Cincinnati, where he succeeded in earning fifty cents per day at digging cellars, but it required one-half of the amount to pay his board. Soon afterward, however, he found work at his trade and continued until October of the same year, when he began business on his own account. The following year, 1843, Christian Moerlein established a home of his own through his marriage to Miss Sophia Adams, of Strasburg, Germany. He soon afterward purchased a little dwelling and a lot upon Elm street, where he also erected a small shop. The years passed uneventfully until 1849, when Mr. Moerlein was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died that year of cholera, leaving him with three small children, one of whom passed away in the same year and another in 1853. The third, John, survived and became of great assistance to his father. Later in the year 1849 Mr. Moerlein was married to Miss Barbara Och, a native of Bavaria, Germany, and they became the parents of nine children. Christian Moerlein continued to work at the blacksmith's trade until 1853, when he disposed of his shop and entered into partnership with Adam Dillman for the conduct of a brewery. They began business on a small scale, selling their first beer on the 1st of March, 1854. In the following May Mr. Dillman died, after which Mr. Moerlein was alone in business for about a month and then formed a partnership with Conrad Windisch. The business grew along substantial lines and the success of the enterprise enabled Mr. Moerlein in 1866 to purchase the interest of his partner for one hundred and thirty thousand dollars. He bent his energies toward the further expansion of trade and his prosperity continued until he amassed a fortune. He was long accounted one of the active business men of Cincinnati. William Moerlein attended the public schools and after completing his education became identified with the Christian Moerlein Brewing Company as its secretary. He was possessed of superior business qualifications and his deep interest in the undertaking prompted the close application which in time im- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 389 paired his health. His physicians ordered him abroad for a trip through Europe but the change of scene and climate did not work the cure that had been hoped for and death came to him on the 17th of September, 1896, when he was but thirty-one years of age. He was recognized as a man of excellent business ability and was widely known for his active sympathy for and cooperation in those things which are of educative value in the city and tend to promote general culture. On the 21st of May, 1891, William Moerlein was united in marriage to Miss Lena Baier, a daughter of George W. Baier, a prominent resident of Cincinnati, although he and his wife passed away many years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Moerlein had but one child, William C. J., born September 27, 1892. Mr. Moerlein was devoted to his home and family and at the same time his interests reached out into social circles. He was a charter member of the Elm Street Club and belonged to most of the leading social organizations of the city, where his camaraderie won him many friendships, the circle of his friends being almost coextensive with the circle of his acquaintances. CHARLES A. NOLTING. Charles A. Nolting, president of the Oskamp, Nolting Company of Cincinnati, wholesale dealers in jewelry, diamonds, etc., is one of the widely known business men of the city. He has been identified with the jewelry business since his boyhood and by many years of capable endeavor has become one of the leading jewelry men of the United States. He was born in Cincinnati, September 14, 1850, a son of Charles Philip Frederick and Anna Barbara Nolting. The father was a native of Germany and after growing to manhood engaged in the manufacture of silk weaving machinery at Cologne. He was a friend of liberty and on account of his outspoken political views was obliged to flee from his native country in 1848, seeking a home with hundreds of other true-hearted men, under the shelter of the American republic.- Many of these men became prominent in American affairs and history shows that the movement from Germany to the new world in 1848 proved of inestimable value to the United States. Mr. Nolting located at Cincinnati where he engaged in the making of starch and later as a furniture manufacturer. Politically he was a stanch adherent of the republican party. He died in 1867, his wife having been called away three years previous. They are buried at Spring Grove cemetery. Mr. Nolting of this sketch received his preliminary education in the public schools. In 1864, at the age of thirteen, he entered the employment of Duhme & Company, the most prominent jewelry house of Cincinnati at that time. He began as errand boy and continued with the firm for eighteen years during which time he passed through all the commercial departments. .About 1882 he resigned and associated in the jewelry business with Frank Lodwick, one of his fellow workers. This partnership was terminated by the death of Mr. Lodwick and for five years Mr. Nolting carried on the business in his own name. He then formed a partnership with William S. P. Oskamp, under the title of Oskamp, Nolting & Company, and under this name it was conducted until 1907, 390 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY when the firm was incorporated as the Oskamp, Nolting Company, of which Mr. Nolting has since been president. This is one of the most successful jewelry concerns in America and is favorably known in the civilized countries of the world. Much of the success of the company has been due to the efforts of Mr. Nolting, who has devoted to his business the principal energies of his life. On the 19th of February, 1874, he was married to Miss Amelia Twachtman, a daughter of Louis Twachtman, who was a prominent furniture manufacturer of the city. To this union eight children have been born, all of whom are living except Louis, who died at the age of four years and is buried at Spring Grove cemetery. The others are: Alice, who resides at home ; Lilly, who was graduated from the Walnut Hills high school and married A. E. Clifton, the manufacturer of a vacuum cleaning system at Connersville, Indiana ; Edwin G., connected with his father in business ; Florence, who graduated at the Woodward high school and is the wife of Walter Schinkal, a druggist of this city ; Myrtle, who married Charles Siehl, teacher of mathematics in the Hughes high school ; Wesley L., now attending business college ; and Mildred, a student at the Hughes high school. Mr. Nolting and his family reside in an attractive home at No. 45 Parker street, which he erected in 1888 and which has become endeared to him by many associations. He is identified with the Masonic order, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge, chapter and commandery, and is also a member of Ohio Lodge No. 1, I. O. O. F. He can claim many warm personal friends among his brethren and those whom he meets in business or social relations. The success of Mr. Nolting may be ascribed to habits of close application and observance formed early in life, and a clearness of vision which enabled him to perceive the possibilities in a line of business for which he possesses rare talents. His personal integrity has never been questioned and it would be difficult indeed to name a lawyer connected with any large enterprise who in a higher degree possesses the confidence of his associates or patrons, than the gentleman whose record is here briefly presented. Politically Mr. Nolting gives his support to the republican party. ABE BLOCH. Abe Bloch is at the head. of the clothing manufacturing firm of Abe Bloch & Company of Cincinnati, whose offices and factory have been located at No. 810 Main street since 1898. His birth occurred in this city on the 28th of August, 1844, his parents being Lazarus and Babette (Levi) Bloch. The family emigrated from Bavaria to the United States many years prior to the birth of our subject. Lazarus Bloch peddled goods after his arrival in the new world, subsequently became a retail merchant and later conducted a clothing manufacturing establishment under the firm style of Bloch & Frenkel. During the Civil war he was an army sutler. His demise occurred in 1880, when he had attained the age of sixty-six years, while his wife was called to her final rest in 1884 when seventy years old. The remains of both were interred in the Walnut Hills ceme- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 391 tery, where also lies Mrs. Helena Bloch, the grandmother of our subject. A sister of Mrs. Lazarus Bloch still survives at the age of eighty-seven years. Abe Bloch obtained his education in the Jewish and intermediate schools, putting aside his text-books when a youth of sixteen. He then clerked for an uncle at Portsmouth, Ohio, doing all kinds of other work, such as chopping wood, making fires, cleaning the office, etc. While there he heard Abraham Lincoln make the first speech in the campaign and voted for the great emancipator. After a residence of three years at Portsmouth he was called to Ceredo, West Virginia, where the Fifth Virginia Regiment was formed, Colonel Zeigler commanding. Mr. Bloch acted as a clerk to the sutlers for three months and then returned to Portsmouth. The Fifth Virginia was called to the Shenandoah valley and there Stonewall Jackson routed the regiment. Lazarus Bloch, who thus sustained a great loss, then went to Charleston, West Virginia, and rented a small grocery store to dispose of the goods he had saved, his son Abe acting as clerk. This plan had been adopted upon the advice of the quartermaster and officers of the division, with whom our subject was intimate and who told him confidentially that a stock of goods could be disposed of to advantage in Charleston. The undertaking was crowned with success. Mr. Bloch is proud to remember that he voted for Abraham Lincoln after his second nomination in 1864. Being quite an accomplished musician, he was very popular with the soldiers. On one occasion, having been arrested by the guard for going about without any password, he played euchre with the officer who held him. In 1864 Mr. Bloch became clerk on a boat, and was thus employed for four months or until persuaded by his mother that the position was unsuitable for him. Coming to Cincinnati with practically no capital, he here obtained a position as traveling salesman with J. & H. Levy, wholesale clothiers. A short time afterward he was induced to buy an interest in the clothing manufacturing establishment of Leopold & Adam Loeb and remained a member of the firm of Loeb, Bloch & Company at No. 56 Pearl street for two years. At the end of that time, with a capital of twelve hundred dollars, he began selling goods on his own account and soon afterward became the junior member of the firm of Holberg & Bloch, wholesale clothing manufacturers. In 1874 the partnership was dissolved and Mr. Bloch organized the firm of Abe Bloch & Company, beginning business on Pearl street and later removing to Vine street. In November, 191o, he admitted his son, Herbert R., to a partnership. The enterprise has enjoyed a continuous and healthful growth under the able management of Mr. Bloch, who has long since demonstrated splendid executive ability and business acumen. He has always maintained a safe, conservative policy in the conduct of the business and some of his office employes have remained with him for over forty years, J. V. Baum having been in his service for forty-two years. The firm is represented' on the road by nineteen traveling salesmen. Mr. Bloch is likewise secretary and treasurer of the National Automatic Fire Alarm Company, president of the Wolf Electrical Promoting Company, a director of the Jewish Orphan Asylum and a member of the executive board of the Denver National Jewish Hospital for Consumptives, and the Jewish Orphan Asylum of Cleveland. On the 18th of December, 1879, at Baltimore, Mr. Bloch was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Friedenwald, a daughter of Joseph and Rosa Friedenwald. Her father, who was president of the Crown Cork & Seal Company, 392 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY passed away in December, 191o, when eighty-four years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Bloch became the parents of two daughters and one son, as follows : Helen, the wife of Dr. Percy Shields, a practicing physician and surgeon of Cincinnati ; Merle B., who gave her hand in marriage to Louis Wolf, a Cincinnati manufacturer of men's neckwear ; and Herbert R., a member of the firm of Abe Bloch & Company. Mrs. Bloch died February 3, 1889. The family residence is at the northeast corner of Dexter and Hackberry streets. Mr. Bloch has always supported the men and measures of the republican party, believing that its principles are most conducive to good government. He is a Royal Arch Mason and also acts as treasurer of the district grand lodge of B'nai B'rith. Never known to take advantage of the necessities of another in any business transaction, he has nevertheless made steady progress in the commercial world, gaining prosperity and an honored name by reason of the fact that marked business enterprise and unquestioned integrity are well .balanced forces in his life. JUDGE JOHN P. MURPHY. Among the men whose records have reflected honor and dignity upon the judicial history of Hamilton county appears the name of John P. Murphy, who as jurist, soldier and distinguished civilian made his life record one which commanded the esteem and confidence of his fellowmen. He ever employed his time and talents to good advantage and strong intellectual force was not only used in solving the intricate and complex problems of the law but also in throwing light upon the questions which effect municipal welfare and, therefore, are of vital interest to every citizen. Judge Murphy was a native of Ireland, his birth having occurred in Killarney in the world-famed lake region, on the 24th of June, 1844. He was, however, only seven years of age when brought to America by his parents, Jerry and Mary (Sullivan) Murphy. The family also contained a brother and sister who are still living—Dennis Murphy and Mrs. Mary Healy, who are now residents of Michigan. On the arrival in the new world the family home was established at Detroit, Michigan, and Judge Murphy pursued his early education in the public schools, while subsequently he entered Notre Dame University at South Bend, Indiana, completing his more specifically literary education in that institution. Following his graduation he came to Cincinnati in 1859 and was identified with the interests of this city from that period until his .demise, more than a half century later. He put aside all business and personal considerations, however, at the outbreak of the Civil war and responded to the country's call for troops in 1861, joining Company K, Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he saw active service in the battle of Antietam. Congress voted him a medal for capturing a rebel flag in that engagement. At length he was honorably discharged on account of wounds he had sustained in battle and he returned home, but when he had recovered from his injuries with the indomitable energy that always marked his movements, he reenlisted for active duty, joining the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Regiment of the National Guard in 1864. His reg- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 395 iment went out on the famous "hundred day service," but as the war was nearing its close did not participate in any noted engagements. After the close of hostilities Judge Murpambitiousd to Cincinnati and ambitious to further his education matriculated in Antioch College in 1866. After leaving that institution he decided to study law and soon found an opening in the office of Judges Force and Kebbler, of this city. Carefully applying himself to the mastery of the principles of jurisprudence, he was in due time qualified to pass the required examination which secured him admission to the bar. He at once entered upon active practice and his advancement in his profession was continuous. Although progress at the bar is proverbially slow, no dreary novitiate awaited him. He soon gave proof of his ability to successfully analyze a case, determine its strong points and to present his cause in clear, forceful and logical manner. He had become well established in his profession as a capable and growing lawyer when, in 1876, he received the nomination for prosecuting attorney of the police court on the republican ticket and following his election filled the office for one term. He then resumed the private practice of law and a large and distinctively representative clientage was accorded him, to which he devoted his attention until 1896, when he was nominated and elected judge of the common pleas court. He received public indorsement of his first term of office in a reelection to a second term and for ten 'Tears sat upon the bench, his decisions being strictly fair and impartial, based upon a comprehensive knowledge of the law and correct application of its principles. His course reflected credit upon the judicial history of Hamilton county and in 1906 he retired from office as he had entered it—with the confidence and good will of all concerned. On May 29, 1877, Judge Murphy was united in marriage to Miss Cora Dean, who survives him. Theirs was a hospitable home and their circle of friends very extensive. Judge Murphy was prominenmembershipc circles, holding membership with Avon Lodge, A. F. & A. M., while in Cincinnati Consistory he attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He was also a life member of the Cincinnati Lodge of Elks, maintained pleasant relations with his old army comrades through his membership in Lytle Post, G. A. R., and was a member of Cuvier Club. Judge Murphy was ever deeply and actively interested in affairs of public moment, served for a time as a member of the union board of high schools and at all times gave his aid and support to measures and movements for the public good. Death came to Judge Murphy suddenly, although he had been in ill health for about two years, and in the opening hours of 1911 he passed away. He was a man of fine personal appearance, with eyes that looked straight at one, and his broad forehead was indicative of the strong intellect which ever characterized his life and was the dominating element in his success as an able legist and jurist. Strong terms are used by the special committee of the bar association, which drew up the resolutions on the death of Judge John P. Murphy. This committee was composed of Judge Moses F. Wilson, Judge Otto Pfleger and Judge William Littlef ord. After reciting the historical facts in his life the committee says : "John P. Murphy was best loved by those who knew him best. He was an uncompromisingly honest man—honest as a judge, honest as a friend and honest as a man. He hated sham. He spoke the truth bluntly, event to the extent sometimes of hurting the feelings of others —a thing that always caused him pain afterward. His eyes quickly filled with 396 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY tears. He had a tender heart. He had all the impetuous generosity of his race. He found delight in the atmosphere of song, good cheer and friendship and in behalf of a friend he could never do too much or go too far. As a judge he was distinguished by his devotion to hard work and his determination to be fair and upright. Although he was an ardent republican, politics did not weigh with him when he was on the bench. Not even friendship, much as he valued it, ever went into the judicial balance as he weighed the case in hand." ERNST TROY. The name of Ernst Troy is inseparably interwoven with the commercial and manufacturing interests of Cincinnati where he has figured in business circles since 1867. In an analyzation of his character and life work we note many of the characteristics which have marked the German nation for many centuries,— perseverance, reliability, energy, and unconquerable determination to pursue a course that has been marked out. These sterling qualities have gained for him success in life and made him one of the substantial and valued residents of his adopted city. Mr. Troy was born in Germany, December 16, 1839, and came to the United States in 1856, at the age of seventeen years. His father was a school-teacher for a period of forty-eight years under the government of the Kingdom of Bavaria. He had a splendid record for efficiency and at the age of seventy years was retired with a small pension. One of his sons, Lewis L. Troy, an older brother of our subject, came to the United States in 1851 and ten years later volunteered for service in the Union army, enlisting in 1861, and continuing with the "boys in blue" for four years until the close of hostilities. In 1869 he entered the railway mail service and became superintendent of the sixth division, with headquarters at Chicago. He filled that position most acceptably for thirty years until his death, in, 1899. The postoffice department at Washington in announcing his death, referred to him as one of the most faithful and capable officers in the service. Ernst Troy pursued his education in the common schools conducted by his father until he reached his fourteenth year. He was afterward for three years an apprentice in a retail grocery store until the time of his emigration to America. It was about 1856 that he sailed for the new world and without capital but with laudable ambition and firm purpose undertook the task of wresting fortune from the hands of fate. His early labors in the service of others were crowned with a measure of success, enabling him eventually to embark in business on his own account, and he became a member of the firm of Stix, Krouse & Company. wholesale manufacturers of clothing. He was associated with that enterprise from 1867 until 1894, when, the firm dissolved. Throughout that entire period they had maintained a foremost position among the clothing manufacturers of the city, their business having reached mammoth proportions. Since that time Mr. Troy has engaged in various mercantile and other business enterprises in Cincinnati and is also known in other connections, being now a director and secretary of the People's Bank and Savings Company and president of the K. F. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 397 Bumdorf Company, an insurance agency. During the progress of the Civil war Mr. Troy enlisted in a Home Guard company where he did such duties as digging trenches and throwing up earthworks in anticipation of the threatened raid of Kirby Smith on Cincinnati. He was, however, as he puts it, never exposed to any other fire than the fire-water of his canteen. His political support has usually been given to the republican party since he came a naturalized American citizen. He is now allied with the independent republican movement in national politics, considering the capability and trustworthiness of the candidate rather than his party affiliation. He regards the honest government of the large cities of America as the most important problem which the people of the United States have to solve. He is of the opinion that the administration of state and municipal governments should be placed in the hands of governors and mayors, thereby centering the responsibility. Mr. Troy is a member of Hanselman Lodge No. 208, F. & A. M., of which he has been treasurer for twenty-two years, serving from 1888; he was last elected in 1910, so that he is still an incumbent in the office. He also has membership relations with the Children of the Covenant and is a member of The Holy Congregation of the Children of Israel. In more strictly social lines his connections are with Erwin Circle and the German Literary Club ; he also is a charter and life member of the North Cincinnati Turners' Association. His is an attractive home life. He was married January 17, 1871, in Cincinnati, to Miss Rebecca Krouse, a daughter of Jacob Krouse, now deceased, who was one of the pioneers in the German citizenship of this city. Mr. and Mrs. Troy have three daughters : Beatrice, the wife of Arnold H. Kaichen ; Helen, who is the widow of Mark Bohm ; and Edith, the wife of Julius C. Feibel. The hope that led Mr. Troy to leave his native land and seek a home in America has been more than realized, for he here found the opportunities which he sought and in their improvement has steadily worked his way upward. Though born across the water he is thoroughly American in thought and manner and is patriotic and sincere in his love for the stars and stripes. The subject matter of this sketch has been taken from the autobiography of Mr. Troy, dedicated to his family when he had reached his seventieth year. ROBERT WEST POGUE. Robert West Pogue is vice president of the H. & S. Pogue Company, one of the large mercantile enterprises in Cincinnati, a business that was established here almost a half-century ago. His entire life has been passed in this city, his parents being Samuel and Frances (West) Pogue. His father is a venerable dry-goods merchant who, active at the age of seventy-nine years, still retains the presidency of the company. After attending the public schools of Avondale. Robert W. Pogue entered .the Woodward high school, from which he was graduated in 1892. He is numbered among the alumni of Princeton University of the class of 1895, having completed a three years' course there. As soon as his school days were over he entered his father's dry-goods establishment and has since been connected with the trade, bringing to bear in its conduct the 398 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY progressive modern methods of the present day. The members of the firm have made it a point to surround themselves with an efficient corps of assistants so that each department is under capable management and throughout the period of its existence the house has maintained a high standard in its personnel, in the character of goods carried, and in the service to the public. Robert W. Pogue is also one of the directors of the Citizens' National Bank, in which he holds considerable stock. His political views find expression in the unfaltering support which he gives to the republican party, for he is a firm believer in its principles although never an aspirant for public office. He belongs to the Avondale Presbyterian church and along secular lines has entered into pleasant membership relations, being identified as a member of the leading clubs of the city. These include the Cincinnati Country Club, the Cincinnati Golf Club, the Queen City Club, the Cuvier Press Club, the Business Men's Club, the University Club, and the Auto Club. He likewise belongs to the Sons of the Revolution. Mr. Pogue was married on the 26th of October, 1899, in Avondale, Dr. C. F. Goss officiating, to Miss S. Russell Letcher, a daughter of William R. Letcher, formerly of Richmond, Kentucky, and they now have an interesting little daughter, Russell Letcher Pogue. SAMUEL W. GLOVER. Samuel W. Glover, of Cincinnati, president of The Post-Glover Electric Company, belongs to the class of men who, seeing an advantage, possess the ability to follow it to a successful conclusion. Eighteen years ago he assisted in organizing the business of which he is now the head and has lived to see the enterprise grow from a small beginning until today it is one of the highly flourishing concerns of Cincinnati, manufacturing and dealing on a large scale in electrical and railway supplies. Mr. Glover has been identified with the electrical business ever since he was a young man, having recognized years ago the possibilities of this line of activity through the increasing use of electricity as its advantages should become better known. He arrived in Cincinnati in 1893 and associated with Oliver Kinsey and F. V. Van Winkle as The Post-Glover Electric Company. The firm began operating on West Fourth street, directly opposite 314 to 316, the present location of the company, and moved across the street in order to secure larger accommodations in 1899. The company started with Mr. Kinsey as president and Mr. Glover as vice president and general manager. In 1896 Mr. Glover succeeded Mr. Kinsey as president and has continued from the start as general manager. He is also treasurer, the other officers of the company being Mr. Van Winkle and George N. Devon. The company :now occupies seven floors and makes use of forty-two thousand square feet of floor space. The patronage of the house has increased manifold and the name has become widely known, the company now giving employment to two hundred and fifty persons in the manufacture, sale and distribution of its products.