800 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY in exploring the Black Hills. In 1874 his regiment was ordered south to quell the riots in Alabama and Louisiana remaining six months. He was next sent to Fort Randall in Dakota, remaining there from 1875 to the time of his discharge, at the end of five years service. Mr. Kuhlman considers that his military training has been of excellent service to him in all of his subsequent undertakings, the habits he acquired by army discipline and order ever having proven helpful in his public life. He first became identified with the department of which he is the present head in 1889, when he was appointed deputy commissioner of buildings. After serving in this capacity for two and .a half years he was promoted to the office of assistant commissioner, continuing in this office for thirteen years. At the. expiration of that time came his final promotion to his present office, where he has proven himself fully worthy of the confidence reposed in him by his constituency. He has given a most excellent administration, and under his capable' guidance and direct personal supervision the department has been placed in a better condition than ever before in its history. Mr. Kuhlman married Miss Anna E. Schnecker, a daughter o.f Joseph and Mary Schnecker, of Cincinnati. Nine children were born by this marriage, five of whom' are living, as follows : Anna K., who married Harry Seidenspinner, and Clara, George L., Jr., Florence and Irene. The eldest daughter, Mrs. Seidenspinner, has four children: Marie, Laura, Harriet and Georgiana. Fraternally Mr: Kuhlman is affiliated with Charity Lodge, No. 140, F. & A. M.; Hawthorne Lodge, No. 793, I. O. O. F.; Encampment of Hawthorne Lodge, I. O. O. F. ; Cincinnati Lodge of Moose, No. 2 ; .and George Washington Garrison Army & Navy, No. 1. His political support is given to the republican party, whose principles receive his unqualified indorsement. He is an ardent friend of labor, and enthusiastically allies himself with every movement inaugurated for the advancement ,of the interests of the laboring element. Mr. Kuhlman is a good representative of that type of American citizens, who by 'their efficiency and capability as well as public spirit form the strength of the nation. JOHN ELDRIDGE BRUCE. John Eldridge Bruce has been engaged in the practice of law in Cincinnati since April, 1879, and legislative service has also numbered him among the lawmakers of the state. His ability in the electrical field of business has also been manifest through his cooperation in the management of various industrial and financial interests and the success and prominence to which he has attained in all these different lines is but the expression of ability and close application. He was born in Cleveland, October 1, 1856, a son of Eli and Caroline M. Bruce, the father for several years associate editor of the Cleveland Plaindealer and later an attorney at law. Following the removal of the family from Cleveland to Aurora, Ohio, John E. Bruce was a pupil in the country district schools and afterward entered the Western .Reserve College, then at Hudson,' Ohio, but now the Western Reserve University at Cleveland. He was graduated B. A. with the class of 1876 and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 801 received the degree of M. A. from Adelbert College of the Western Reserve University in 1-884: His energies were. devoted to the profession of teaching at the outset of 'his business career and he served as principal of the high school at Hudson, Ohio, from 1876 until 1878, inclusive. He then entered the field of journalism, becoming an assistant Associated Press agent at Cincinnati, which continued to be his business connection until 1883. In the meantime, however, he had taken up the study of law, had been admitted to the bar and entered upon active practic4 in Cincinnati in April, 1879. Gradually he concentrated his energies more arid more largely upon his growing law practice and his clientage became extensive and of a distinctively representative character. His ability, too, was recognized by his colleagues at the bar and his well earned reputation secured for him the appointment of assistant United States attorney for the southern district of Ohio under both of President Cleveland's administrations. An analytical mind and strong reasoning powers have ever enabled him to readily grasp the salient points in a case and to reach logical deductions concerning the questions in litigation. In addition to his law practice Mr.. Bruce has entered into important business connections and profitable enterprises now returning him a .substantial income on his investments. He is a director of the T. A. Fay & Egan Company, vice president of the Cincinnati Tool Company, secretary and treasurer of the Withrow Manufacturing Company, president of the Bartholomew-Ely School Company, a director of the St. Louis American League Baseball Company and secretary and treasurer of the National Commission created for the government of professional baseball. Even this does not comprise the scope of Mr. Bruce's, activity, for, appreciative of the privileges of citizenship, he also recognizes its duties and obligations and has in stalwart manner supported the political principles in which he believes. He has always given his support to the democracy, and active as a worker in party ranks, he was himself called to office in his election to the sixty-Sixth general assembly. Local interests have also claimed his attention and since the 9th of May, 1892;, he has served continuously as mayor of College Hill. What more incontrovertible proof of his loyalty to local interests could be given than the fact that for almost twenty years he has been continuously reelected as municip.al head of that city. It is a self evident fact that he indorses practical reforms and improvements, discourages needless expenditures and yet at the same time supports those projects which are necessary for the continuous progress of the city in keeping with the modern spirit of the age. On the 12th of December, 1883, in Hudson, Ohio, Mr. Bruce was married to Miss Alice Straight Knowlton, a daughter of Professor Cyrus Knowlton, who was formerly principal of the Hughes high school of Cincinnati. The two children of this marriage are Edward Knowlton and Carolyn Alice Bruce, the former his father's partner in law practice, under the firm style of Bruce & Bruce, and also at this writing, in 1911, a member of the Ohio house of representatives. Mr. and Mrs. Bruce hold membership in Grace Protestant Episcopal church at College Hill, of which he has served as treasurer for the past sixteen years. He belongs to Harmony. Lodge, No. 2, F. & A. M., of which he is a past master and the present treasurer. He has also taken the Royal Arch degree in Cincinnati Chapter, affiliates with Cincinnati Commandery, K. T., the Scottish Rite Consistory, and Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He likewise belongs 802 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and in more strictly social lines is connected with the Queen. City Club, the Business Men's Club, the Pen and Pencil Club, the Cuvier Club, of which he has been president for four years, and the Saturday Afternoon Baseball League of Amateurs, of which he has been president for six years. He recognizes the fact which all scientists and psychologists indorse th every business man should indulge in manly outdoor recreation; and at the same time he gives due attention to the interests of the literary world. His life in many ways has been of signal service and benefit to his fellowmen and honor and respect are accorded John E. Bruce wherever he is known.. ALFRED BETTBETTMAN Alfred Bettman, serving for the second term as assistant prosecuting attorney of Hamilton county in charge of the civil law work of the office, is regarded as one of the strong and forceful representatives of the Cincinnati bar, practicing since 1900 as a member of the law, firm of Moulinier, Bettman & Hunt. This city numbers him among her native sons, his birth having here occurred on the 26th of August, 1873. His father, Louis Bettman, a native of Germany came to America in 1857 and was engaged in the wholesale. clothing business in Cincinnati for many years, occupying an enviable position in commercial circles as a member of the firm of Bettman, Bloom & Company. Louis Bettman married Rebecca Bloom, a native of this city and a daughter of Moses Bloom. As a public-school student Alfred Bettman continued his education until graduated from the Hughes high school with the class of 1890. Soon afterward he entered Harvard University, where he won his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1894. He returned to Harvard for for study of law and in 1898 the LL.. B. degree was conferred upon him and at the same time the university honored him with the Master of Arts degree. Having qualified for the bar, he at once began practice in Cincinnati and has made substantial progress during the ensuensuing period of thirteen years. In 1900 he became a member of the law firm of Moulinier, Battmanunt & Hunt, with which he is still associated. He has largely confined his attention to civil law and his practice has been of an extensive character, demanding power and ability in the preparation and presentation of his cases. His recognized ability won him appointment to the position of assistant prosecuting attorney of Hamilton county in 1909, and the field in which he has specialized led to his assignment in charge of the civil law work of the county. Two years later, in 1911, he was reappointed and is now filling that position. . On the 20th of June, 1904, in this city, Mr. Bettman was married to Miss. Lillian Wyler, a daughter of Louis and Sophie (Swarts) Wyler. Bettman holds to the religious faith of his fathers and is a member and secretary of The congregation of B'nai Israel. He is a democrat in his national political affiliation and is active in reform work relative to municipal government, taking a helpful part in campaigns in support of independent municipal parties. Fraternally he is connected with Cincinnati lodge of Elks and the Independet Order of B'nai B'rith.. He is also a member and director of the Phoenix Club of Cincinnati, a CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 803 member of the Business Men's Club and is active in behalf of the Jewish Settlement of this city: He likewise belongs to the City Club and to numerous other civic and social, organizations as well as to national organizations. His name is on the membership rolls of the. Harvard Club of Cincinnati and in strictly professional lines he is connected with the Cincinnati, Ohio and American Bar Associations. In a profession where advancement depends entirely upon individual merit he has worked his way steadily upward and his position is a public acknowledgment of his ability. CHARLES C. TAYLOR. Charles C. Taylor, one of the representative architects of Cincinnati, was born iii this city on the 22d of November, 1868, and is a son of Charles W. and Eliza, (Cox) Taylor. The Taylor family originally came from England and, settled in Somerset county, Maryland, being among the pioneer colonizers. There 'the great-grandfather, Abraham Taylor, was born in 1763. His son, John Taylor, who was born in Maryland in 1795 came to Cincinnati when quite 'a small child, living to the venerable age of eighty-nine years; he served at New Orleans under Jackson in the war of 1812, having taken his father's place. He married Charlotte Babinger, who was born in Cincinnati in 1806, her father, Abraham Babinger, having come to this country from Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Their son, Charles W. Taylor, is also a native of this city, his birth having occurred in 1830. He is now living here retired, but was for many years actively engaged in the boot and shoe business. Accompanied by an uncle, he walked across the plains to California in 1850, remaining there for four years, at the expiration of which period lie returned .to Cincinnati, by way of Panama, but it was only a short time before he went back to California for ten more years. Mr: Taylor is a veteran of the Civil war and has the distinction of being one of the oldest in the city, now being in his eighty-second year. Cincinnati has always been the home of Charles C. Taylor, who acquired his preliminary education in the, public schools of this city. After he was graduated from the high school he entered the Ohio Mechanical Institute, having decided upon architecture for leis life work. He there pursued a course in both architecture .and engineering, following which he entered the office of William Martin Aiken later he became identified with A. O. Elzner, with whom he remained until 1889. In the latter year he associated with John H. Boll and they formed the firm of Boll & Taylor, with offices in the old Esplanade building and afterward in the First National Bank building. This arrangement continued for nineteen years, during which period they designed and constructed many structures, boll public and private, among the former being a number of theaters, libraries, commercial and manufacturing buildings. They dissolved partnership in 1908, Mr. Boll withdrawing from the firm. Mr. Taylor continued the, business for about a year, at the expiration of which time he was joined by a Mr. DeCamp and the present firm was organized. They are both competent and practical engineers, in addition to which they have artistic ability which enables them to design and construct buildings which meet the require- 804 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ments of utility, and are consistent architecturally. Their efforts are being rewarded by success and a constantly increasing demand for their services in the various lines of work, which they have demonstrated they are fully qualified. to execute in a satisfactory manner. For his wife Mr. Taylor chose Miss Blanch L. Carroll, a daughter of Richard Carroll, general manager of the Cincinnati Southern Railroad, who is a resident of Cincinnati, and to them has been born one son, Richard. Mr. Taylor is a fellow of the American Institute of Architects and he is also a member of the Cincinnati Chapter of Architects, his affiliation with these organizations enabling him to keep in touch with other representatives of the profession. HERMAN H. HOPPE, M. D. One of the most prominent practitioners in nervous diseases in the city of Cincinnati is Dr. Herman H. Hoppe whose office is at No. 19 West Seventh street and who lives in a beautiful home in Avondale. He was born in Cincinnati, January 4, 1867, and is now in the prime of an unusually active and useful life. His parents were Dominick and Mary (Dusterberg) Hoppe. The father was born at Fechta, Germany, February 28, 1828. When quite young he came to America with his parents by way of New Orleans where the family resided for a time, removing to Cincinnati in 1850. Here he engaged in the retail grocery business and later established himself as a commission merchant at No. 23 Walnut street under the firm title of D. Hoppe &. Company. He died February 28, 1885. The mother of our subject was born in Cincinnati June 1o, 1832, and died June 6, 1891. She was a daughter of John H. Dusterberg, who emigrated from Germany to Buffalo, New York, in 1825 and about 1830 located at Cincinnati where he engaged in the livery business until about 1865 when he retired, spending the remainder of his days on his farm near Reading, Ohio. He departed this life in 1883 at the age of seventy-eight years. Herman H. Hoppe received his preliminary education at St. Mary's parochial school in this city and at the age of thirteen entered St. Xavier College, from which he was graduated in 1886. He began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. J. S. Cilley and in September, 1886, became a student of the Medical College of Ohio from which he was graduated as second in a class of ninety in 1889. He was successful in the competitive examination for interneship at the Cincinnati Hospital and served for .eighteen months in that capacity. On the loth of April, 1890, he left for Europe and spent the summer at the University of Strassburg, studying pathology under the noted Professor Recklinghausen. In the fall of the same year he went to Berlin and became first assistant in the laboratory for the investigation of nervous disorders, presided over by Professor Oppenheim, a world-renowned authority on diseases of the nervous system, and held this position until he left Berlin, in August, 1892. His success in the treatment of nervous diseases had its foundation in the lessons he learned under Professor Oppenheim, supplemented by his own broad experience, which has constantly developed, his skill and ability making him one of the leaders in CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 807 this field of practice in southern Ohio. In September, 1892, he opened an office at No. 445 Walnut street, Cincinnati, and has since made a specialty of the treatment of diseases of the nervous system, meeting from the start with gratifying recognition. He was appointed staff officer of the department of nervous diseases of the Cincinnati Hospital in April, 1894, and is still acting in that capacity. In 1897 he was made lecturer on nervous diseases at the Ohio Medical College, the medical department of Cincinnati College, while in 1900 he became professor of nervous diseases at Union College, Miami, Ohio, and in 1908 was appointed professor of nervous diseases and head of the neurological department of the same institution. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, the Ohio State Medical Society, the Mississippi Valley Medical Association and the Berlin Society for Nervous Diseases and Insanity. He also holds membership in the American Neurological Association. For a number of years he has been a welcome contributor to the medical press upon nervous diseases and their treatment and is one of the recognized authorities of America on this subject. In 1895 Dr. Hoppe was married to Miss Herminie Richard, a daughter of Dr. C. Richard. Genial, kind and sympathetic in nature, Dr. Hoppe readily gains the confidence of his patients and many there are who have found in him a true friend and physician. He takes a keen interest in the work to which he gives his undivided thought, and the wide and successful professional business that he has attracted as well as the esteem in which he is held by his fellow physicians is proof of his sterling worth. ALBERT W. LANG. Albert W. Lang, who is associated with Charles Kilburn in the operation of the Lang Monument Company, located at Nos. 2101 and 2103 Gilbert avenue, Cincinnati, was born in this city on the 28th of May, 1880. He is a son of Christian Lang, who is also engaged in the monument business and for the past twenty-six years has been president of St. Peter's Protestant church. Reared at home in the acquirement of his early education Albert W. Lang attended the public schools until he had completed the seventh grade. He then spent a year in the Ohio Mechanical Institute of this city, and he also pursued a six-years art course in a school at Eden Park, all preparatory to subsequently engaging in the same vocation as his father. When he was sixteen years of. age he terminated his school days. and entered his father's business, located at Woodward and Spring streets. He continued to be associated with his father until 1909, when together with Mr. Kilburn he organized the Lang Monument Company. He is an enterprising young man, possessed of good business sagacity and also a most skillful workman and is naturally making a success of the business he is conducting. His training in every way has been very thorough. in addition to which he possesses much natural aptitude and inherent ability for both the artistic and mechanical side of the business. The firm has met with the most gratifying degree of success ever since it started and now they have one of the most modernly equipped plants in the city, and judging by present indications their future gives every assurance of being most promising. Vol. III-37 808 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Lang married Miss Anna Holloway, of Middletown, Ohio, and a daughter of J. C. Holloway, a retired merchant of that city, and they have become the parents of one son, Charles A., an interesting little lad of four and a half years. In matters of faith Mr. Lang is a protestant and affiliates with St. Peter's church, and fraternally he is a Mason, being a member of Norwood Lodge, No. 576, F. & A. M., and he also belongs to the Woodmen of the World and for the past eight years has held a state office in the latter organization. Although he is little more than thirty years of age Mr. Lang is the head of a well established and flourishing business, while his clear judgment and general capabilities as demonstrated in all of his transactions are winning him recognition as a man possessed of more than average sagacity, and one who is designed for a successful career. JAMES SUTTON DREWRY. Ever since his boyhood James Sutton Drewry, of Cincinnati, has been actively connected with the life insurance business and he applied himself so effectively that he is now manager of the firm of L. D. Drewry & Company, representatives of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, with general offices occupying practically the entire third floor of the Ingalls building. The ancestry of the Drewry family has been traced to England, the progenitor in America arriving in Virginia about 1700, where they prospered greatly, and at one time, Westover, Virginia, was the family seat of the Drewrys'. The family was prominent at the time of the Revolutionary war, General Israel Putnam, of Connecticut, being one of the members on the maternal side. Five brothers of the family gave up their lives in the Civil war in behalf of the Confederacy and Captain James H. Sutton; the grandfather on the maternal side, was the only brother who came out of the conflict unscathed. Jamey S. Drewry was born at Forsyth, Georgia, in 1883, the son of Captain Eugene Milner and Ora-. (Sutton) Drewry and the eldest grandson of Captain James H. Sutton. Captain E. M. Drewry gained his title in the Spanish-American war as captain in the Third Tennessee Regiment. He is now living at Chattanooga, Tennessee. James S. Drewry attended the public schools of Griffin, Georgia, and Chattanooga, Tennessee, later taking a business course at Atlanta, Georgia. At fifteen years of age he entered the office of his uncle, L. D. Drewry, of this city, as office boy and advanced so rapidly that he was made manager of the business at twenty-one years of age and later became general manager, an office which he now holds. Being the possessor of a pleasing address, he has a very extensive acquaintance and his close attention to his business has resulted in well deserved prosperity. He is imbued with progressive ideas and is highly popular both in business and social circles. On October 19, 1910, Mr. Drewry was married in this city to Miss Janet Louise March, a daughter of Perrin G. and Abbie (Tate) March, a family which has lived in Cincinnati for nearly one hundred years. Mr. March is a prominent business man of the city anal is "president of the Cincinnati Shaper Company and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 809 the Cincinnati Gear Cutter Compay. He is also president of the Ohio Mechanics' Institute. Politically Mr. Drewry gives his support to the democratic party and socially he is identified with the Business Men's Club and the Queen City Club. He and his wife live at The Haydock, East Walnut Hills, and Fernbank. a pleasant summer home at Fernbank In his business affairs Mr. Drewry has displayed clear and correct judgment, enabling him to carry forward successfully whatever he has undertaken. It is no exaggeration to say that he possesses in a high degree the unqualified confidence and respect of his associates. CLIFFORD B. WRIGHT. Clifford B. Wright, president of the Union Trust & Savings Bank and vice president of the First National Bank of Cincinnati, is a native of this city and has here spent his entire life, his record being known and read of all men. He early became identified with the banking business and showed an adaptability to the management of finances which led to the important positions he now holds. He was born November 4, 1855, being a son of John R. and Mary Elizabeth Wright. The father was also a native of Cincinnati and was born July 31, 1828. He was a member of the firm of William Sumner & Company, agents for the Wheeler & Wilson sewing machine. This firm introduced the first sewing machines in the central 10 west. The father died January 10, 1910. The mother, who was Mary Elizabeth Smith before her marriage, was also born in Cincinnati, a daughter of Dr. Jesse Smith, one of the founders of the Ohio Medical College. Dr. Smith was a graduate of Harvard University and in 1819 was married by the president of the university, and he and his bride drove in a carriage with two horses from Boston to Cincinnati. The mother was born in the old homestead of the Smith family that stood next to the homestead ional Bank building. This homestead was retained in possession of the family for one hundred years but was disposed of to the First National Bank in 1910, in order to provide room for the. enlargement of the bank building. Dr. Smith is said to have been the first practicing physician of Cincinnati and he was one of its most esteemed citizens. He died from cholera in 1833. There were six children in the family of John R. and Mary Elizabeth Wright, namely : J. Gordon Reynolds, now deceased, who left a wife and two children, Annaand Louiseed Smith Hickenlooper, and Louise, the wife of Malcolm McAvon ; Jessie, now deceased, who married A. P. Foster and had one child, Helen ; Clifford B.; Mary, the wife of William A. Goodman, of Cincinnati ; Anna, who married and Glen Taussig, of St. Louis ; and Glen, who is married and lives in New York. Mr. Wright of this review received excellent advantages of education in the public schools of Cincinnati and was graduated from the high school, later becoming a student of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, from which he was graduated in 1875. He engaged for a short time in the manufacture of starch at Cincinnati and filled the office of treasurer of the George Fox Starch Company, one of the oldest concerns of the kind in the city. However, he was attracted to the banking business and gained his first experience in that line as clerk in the private bank of H. W. Hughes & Company, which after- 810 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ward became the Ohio Valley National Bank, of which he was made president. This bank consolidated with the First National Bank of Cincinnati and he was elected vice president of that institution, and in 1907 was made president of the Union Trust & Savings Bank. Mr. Wright is chairman of the executive committee of the Union Central Life Insurance Company, the largest institution of its kind in the state; ho is a director of the Ohio Traction Company, lessee of the Cincinnati Street Railroad and the president of the Cincinnati Music Hall Association, an organization which makes it possible to take care of the large conventions visiting Cincinnati. Few men are better informed concerning securities and financial matters than Mr. Wright and as an executive officer he has assisted notably in building up the institutions with which he has been connected. He is recognized as one of the most prominent representatives of financial in- terests in Cincinnati and today few men, in the city possess the confidence of depositors and investors in a higher degree than he. On the 15th of October, 1884, in this city, Mr. Wright was married to. Miss Virginia Ramsey, a daughter of William M. and Frances (Hart) Ramsey. Mr. Ramsey was for many years one of the prominent lawyers of Cincinnati. They have two children : Ethel, who is now at home ; and Clifford, who was graduated from Yale University in 1911. In politics Mr. Wright gives his support to the republican party, being especially interested in its financial policy and in all matters pertaining to national finances. He is a consistent attendant of the Episcopal church and for benevolent purposes a trustee of the Cincinnati Orphan Asylum. In the various relations of life he has gained the confidence and esteem of a large circle of friends in Cincinnati and throughout a wide region tributary to the city. The success he has gained is the result of genuine personal worth and of faithful discharge of large responsibilities in a trying vocation, his efforts always being directed along the line of the largest public good. CHARLES A. MAISH Among the manufacturing interests of Cincinnati the one of which Charles A. Maish is the head has enjoyed continuous and substantial growth since its incorporation in 1906. In that year the C. A. Walsh Company was organized for the manufacture of cotton batting comforts with offices and factory from No. 1125 to 1137 Bank street. Here he has a well equipped plant and the policy which he has pursued in business matters has been the foundation of well merited and growing prosperity. Mr. Maish was born in this city, February 14, 1853, and came of German ancestry. One of his great-grandfathers was John Jorg, who came to the United States in 1751 when this country was still numbered among the colonial possessions of Great Britain. His grandfather, Fred Jorg, was one of the early settlers of the state of Ohio. His father, Andrew Maish, came to Cincinnati in 1838, was a tinner by trade and there was indisputable record concerning the fact that he engaged in canning. tomatoes in 1849. He was also the inventor of the ice refrigerator and thus his contributions to the world were of practical and enduring value. At the time of the Civil war he participated with those who defended CINCINNATI—TUE QUEEN CITY - 811 the city against the raid of Kirby Smith. His death occurred in 1866 and his wife, who bore the maiden name of Matilda Clemmer, has also passed away, their remains resting in Spring Grove cemetery. Charles A. Maish attended successively the primary and grammar grades of he public schools and left the Hughes high school at the age of sixteen years to become a factor in the business world. He occupied various positions in connection with different concerns and each change which he made marked his advancement. At length when he had saved some capital from his earnings he established his present business in a building thirty by sixty feet, getting his first power from the Card electric motor. He had often watched his mother knitting comforts and adopted the idea gained from her in the manufacture of comforts in his establishment. Moreover he used the sheets of cotton where previously any kind of cotton had been used. He determined to place upon the market an article of value and worth and, following out this idea, he has developed a business of extensive proportions, having now one of the important productive industries of the city. The factory today covers a floor space of more than eighty thousand square feet and the warehouse is nearly as large. He employs many workmen, is just in his treatment of all who serve him and to those in his employ he pays a good weekly wage. The worth of his output enables him to readily dispose of his goods upon the market and his patronage is growing year by year. Mr. Maish's interests are not all centered upon his individual affairs, for he cooperates in various projects for the general good, especially with the organized movements of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and the Winton Place Improvement Association of which he is president. While he often casts an independent ballot he is a republican in political sentiment and keeps in touch with the issues and questions of the day. He served as a special delegate to Washington on the river's and harbor's convention by appointment of Governor Harmon, and he has taken an active part in civic affairs in connection with the West Cincinnati Business Men's Association. His public spirit is again and again manifest in many tangible Ways and he has been instrumental in molding public opinion to further a project for the general good. It is well known that his aid can be counted upon and thus his cooperation is eagerly sought. On the 15th of February, 1883, in Cincinnati, Mr. Maish was united in marriage to Miss Fannie Crowther, a daughter of George H. Crowther, who was a pioneer engraver of this city. Mrs. Maish died April 11, 1910, leaving a family of four sons : Clifford W., a graduate of Harvard University ; Morton Clemmer, a graduate of Purdue University ; Harold L., who completed his studies in Miami University ; and Wilbur S., a graduate of the Woodward high school. O. F HOLSTEIN O. F. Holstein, secretary and treasurer of the American Pneumatic Carpet Cleaning Compay, was one of the organizers of the business in the year 1901, and has since been an active factor in its successful conduct. He was born in Germany during a visit of his parents to that land, their previously declared American citizenship, however, making him a native of this country. His father, 812 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY A. B. Holstein, was a large furniture manufacturer of Cincinnati during the '60s and also was interested in four of the large plants that were then situated on the river bottoms. He came from Thueringen, Germany, at an early day and, eagerly embracing the opportunities for business advancement here, worked his way upward until success made him one of the substantial. residents of his adopted city. Both he and his wife have now passed away. O. F. Holstein spent the greater part of his life in Cincinnati and the public school system afforded him his educational privileges. With his advent in business life a laudable ambition arose to win success if it could be done by persistent, energetic effort. In 1901 he joined Stephen Chase in the organization of the American Pneumatic Carpet Cleaning Company of which Mr. Chase became the president and Mr. Holstein secretary, treasurer and general manager. Their Cincinnati plant is located at No. 2251 to 2257 Gilbert avenue, where they have nearly sixty thousand square feet of floor space. They have six-carpet cleaning wagons in use and make a specialty of cleaning fine Oriental rugs and other expensive floor coverings. Their business has grown along substantial lines and they now employ about thirty people. In 1902 they established a branch at No. 1033 to 1041 West Lake street, 'Chicago, which is larger than the home plant and employs about fifty people. Their business has thus had a steady growth and has brought to them the success which is the merited reward of earnest, persistent labor. In 1899 Mr. Holstein was married to Miss Nan Chase, a daughter of Stephen Chase, of Cincinnati, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work, and they have one child, Anna Louise, nine years of age. Mr. Holstein belongs to the Masonic fraternity and is loyal to the teachings of the craft but does not take a very active part in public affairs because of the constant demands made upon him by his business, which is constantly growing and is proving a profitable venture. CHARLES REEDY. Charles. Reedy is president of the H. J. Reedy Company, manufacturers of passenger arid freight elevators, with offices and factory at Nos. 11 and 15 West Second street. He has occupied the position of president since the reorganization of the business, in 1902. It is true that he entered upon an undertaking already established and had the benefit of a firm name that had become a synonym for efficiency and reliability and yet in carrying forward the business to meet the demands of the present day many a person of less resolute Spirit and resourcefulness would have failed. His record proves that success is not a matter of genius, as held by. some, but rather the outcome of clear judgment, experience, and. indefatigable industry. Mr. Reedy was born in Cincinnati, May 11, 1878, his parents being Henry J. and Mary (Shea) Reedy. The former was the founder of the passenger and freight elevator business in 1862. He came to this city from Ireland in 1843 and for a long period figured as one of the progressive and prominent business men here. His love for and loyalty to his adopted country were incli- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 815 cited in the fact that he valiantly served as a soldier during the Civil war. In politics he was an earnest republican and at one time served as alderman of the city, during which period he introduced an ordinance for a new city hall and succeeded in securing its passage with the result that the city building, a very fine structure, was erected. He died in 1901, at the age of sixty-two years, and was laid to rest in St. Joseph's cemetery by the side of his wife, who had passed away at the birth of the son Charles. The public schools of Cincinnati afforded Charles Reedy his early education and after leaving high school he spent four years as a student in Notre Dame University, Indiana. His business training was received under the direction of his father, whose establishment he entered as an employe in 1895. He worked first as an office boy, went through the machine shops and, in fact, acquainted himself with all the branches of the business. His deep interest in the undertaking and his laudable ambition brought him a thorough understanding of the trade and its management and as his ability was manifest he was advanced from time to time until before his father's death he occupied the position of general manager. In 1902 he was elected to the presidency of the company and as its chief executive officer has directed its affairs, surrounding himself with a corps of able and efficient assistants, so that the business is carefully controlled in every department. What he undertakes he accomplishes because of his unfaltering purpose and indefatigable energy. The firm has developed recently the highest speed elevator ever devised, being built especially for service in buildings of extreme height. On the 11th of September, 1907, Mr. Reedy was married at Fort Thomas, Kentucky, to Miss Mary Bagot, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Bagot, of Anderson, Indiana. Her father was a retired contractor during the latter part of his life and while actively connected with building operations he erected the first courthouse in Cincinnati and also the Burnet House, two of the old landmarks of the city. Mr. and Mrs. Reedy have two children : Catherine Mary, three years old ; and Charles Bagot, who is in his first year. The family reside at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. Mr. Reedy is independent in his political views and connections, voting for men and measures rather than for Party. He holds membership with the Knights of Columbus, the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and the National Sales Managers Association. His success well be attributed to hard work and strict attention to business, and he occupies an honorable and enviable position in manufacturing circles in his native city, being now at the head of one of the large productive industries of Cincinnati. HON. AARON McNEILL. It has been said that there: is no better criterion of a man's worth than the opinion entertained for him by the people among whom he resides, who see him in the relations of daily life and judge him by the qualities which he displays in various connections. There is perhaps no better evidence of the regard entertained for the Hon. Aaron McNeill by his neighbors and friends than the fact 816 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY that on his second election to the mayoralty of Norwood he encountered no opposition, although the town is strongly republican and he is a well known advocate of democratic principles. There is much that is most creditable in the history of his connection with the bar and that may with profit be set down as an example and source of inspiration for younger representatives of the legal fraternity. His practice before the courts of Cincinnati has been of an important character and his services as judge of the court of insolvency have been most valuable. Judge McNeill is a native of Muskingum county, Ohio, his birth .having occurred near the town of Otsego, February 8, 1844. His parents were Malcolm and Isabella (Armstrong) McNeill, both of whom are deceased. The father; who was born at Belfast, Ireland, in 1797, was brought to the United States in .1800 and was reared at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. Subsequently he came to Ohio, locating in Muskingum county, where he was. successfully engaged in general agricultural pursuits and passed away on the. 29th of March, 1873. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Isabella Armstrong and who was born in Pennsylvania in 1807, was called to her final rest in 1886. They were the parents of ten children, only two of whom. survive, the sister of our subject being Margaret, who is the widow of John McNeill and resides at Atlanta, Indiana. At the usual age Judge McNeill was sent to the public schools of his native county and his preliminary education was supplemented by study in Muskingum College at New Concord; where he pursued a Latin and scientific course. He prepared for the bar as a student Ain the.. Cincinnati Law School, entering that institution in October, 1865, and being graduated therefrom in April, 1867. Practical experience as assistant in the office of Judge Pryor at Covington, Kentucky, enabled him to put his theoretical knowledge to a practical test during the summer vacations. He also had the benefit of the advice of C. B. Simrall, a distinguished Kentucky attorney, who occupied the same office and of whom he became a partner following his admission to the Hamilton county bar, in 1867: This relationship ,Was terminated at the end of eighteen months and. in the spring of 1870 Judge McNeill became a partner of C. C. Archer, the relationship being maintained ;most 'Harmoniously and successfully for twenty-four years. The firm occupied a very prominent position, at the Cincinnati bar and was ever accorded a large and distinctively representative clientage. They were retained as counsel for the prosecution or defense in many important cases that came up for trial in Hamilton County. 'Judge McNeill therefore argued many cases and lost but few. No one :better knows the necessity for thorough preparation and no one more industriously prepares his cases. The law firm of Archer & McNeill was terminated at the election of Judge McNeill to the bench of the court of insolvency, which was at that tittle a newly established court and of which he became the first judge. He was installed on the oath of February, 1895, and served for ten years, being reelected in 1899. He was first made the democratic candidate for that position in 1894 and the election brought him a majority of two thousand nine hundred and fifty-six votes. This was a personal compliment and a tribute to his ability, for only a week before at the general election the republican party had been accorded a majority ranging for its different candidates, from nineteen thousand to twenty-four thousand. Since leaving the judgeship Aaron McNeill has. thaintained his offices in the Mercantile Library building. The only political CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 817 office he ever accepted was that of mayor of Norwood, to which he was elected in 1891, overcoming a very strong republican majority. He was again made a candidate for the office in 1893, at which time the opposing party placed no one in the field. He was thus unanimously elected and as chief executive of the town he gave to it a business like administration characterized by needed reform and substantial improvement. On the 27th of December, 1866, Judge McNeill was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Wiggins, a native of Milford, Ohio, and a daughter of Orville B. and. Rachel (Adams) Wiggins, both of whom are deceased. Her father, a coal merchant, took up his abode in Covington, Kentucky, during her early childhood. Judge McNeill is a member of the Presbyterian church, belongs to the subordinate lodge and Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows and for a number of years has also been a member of its state executive committee. He belongs likewise to the Ancient Order of United Workmen and has been leading officer in the new Essenic Order. In Masonry he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and also belongs to the Mystic Shrine. All these, however, have been but minor interests in his life, as he has concentrated his energies and efforts upon his law practice and his work in the courts. His opinions while on the bench showed wide research and challenged the approval of and commended themselves to the bench and bar. SIMON BLOCK. Simon Block, the president of the Standard Distilling Company of Cincinnati, has served as chief executive officer of the concern since its incorporation in 1904. The company maintains its general offices at Nos. 213 and 215 East Eighth street and has a, distillery (called the Peacock distillery) at Kiserton, Kentucky. Mr. Block was born in New York city on the 4th of September, 1858, his ,parents being. Joseph and Mina Block.: In 1840 the father emigrated from Emmindingen, Baden, Germany, to the United States, settling first in New York city. He followed general merchandising throughout his active business career and passed away at Macon, Georgia, in 1900, when eighty-one years of age. He married Mina Shulman who came from. Bavaria. There were nine children in his family of whom our subject was the fifth in order of .birth. At the time of the outbreak of the Civil war he joined the Confederate army as a volunteer, at Andersonville, Georgia, serving until honorably discharged at the close of hostilities. His wife was called to her final rest in 1898. The remains of both were interred in the family lot at Macon, Georgia. Simon Block attended the public schools of Macon, Georgia, until fifteen years of age and then pursued a course of study in the commercial college at that place. After putting aside his text-books he secured a position as clerk and bookkeeper in the City Bank at Macon, being thus employed for five years. On the expiration of that period he went -to Memphis and entered the wholesale liquor establishment of his brother as bookkeeper, acting in that capacity for five years. In 1881 he came to Cincinnati and secured employment as a bookkeeper with his 818 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY uncle, who was conducting business under the style of Elias Block & Sons. In 1884 he resigned that position and organized the Standard Distilling Company in association with his brother Jacob. In 1904 the concern was incorporated and the following officers were chosen : Simon Block, president ; Julius Gerson and Frank S. Jones, vice presidents ; and E. S. Bacharach, secretary and treasurer. As the head of the enterprise Mr. Block has manifested excellent executive ability and keen discernment, carrying his plans forward to successful completion. On the l0th of April, 1889, in Cincinnati, Mr. Block was united in marriage to Miss Gussie Marks, a daughter of Emanuel and Fanny Marks. The father, who was identified. with the clothing manufacturing firm of Leon. Marks & Company, is now deceased. Our subject and his wife have three children, as follows: Ralph, a graduate of Franklin Institute, who assists his father in the conduct of his business ; Helen, attending Lasell Seminary at Auburndale, Massachusetts; and Margaret, who is a student in the University School. The family residence at No. 3615 Washington ,avenue, Avondale, which Mr. Block erected, is a credit to the locality. Mr. Block gives his political allegiance to the republican party, believing that its principles are most conducive to good movement. He is a Master Mason and also belongs to the Knights of Pythias. He is likewise a member of B'nai its principles are most conducive to good movement. He is a Master Mason Club, and the Cincinnati Commercial Association. The salient features of :his life have won him the honor and respect of his fellowmen and Cincinnati numbers Simon Block with its representative residents. CHARLES HILBERT. Geographical conditions undoubtedly have something to do with the development of, .a city and yet after all its growth and progress find their root in the enterprise,. determination and progressive ideas of the inhabitants. Each successful business man contributes to the sum total of the result and his services are the more valuable inasmuch as his efforts are honorable, enterprising and initiative... The qualities. of Charles Hilbert make him a worthy representative of industrial life and he is well known as the president of The Hilbert Machine Company, manufacturers. of radial and upright drills and power ice-cream freezers, with a large and well equipped factory from No. 2116 to 2122 Colerain avenue. His birth occurred on Grant street, this city, in 1868, his father being Charles B. Hilbert, who in 1868 founded The Hilbert Machine Company. For twenty years he was connected with the business when, in 1888, his life's labors were ended in death. He Was a native of Prussia and came to America in 1854, when eighteen years of age. He had spent several years at the machinist's trade in his native land and shortly after coming to Cincinnati, he was made foreman for L. E. Fay, who conducted a machine shop at the corner of Plum and Canal streets. He later bought out that, business, and the factory of The Hilbert Machine Company is a direct outgrowth of that enterprise, which was founded in the early '50s by L. E. Fay. Charles B. Hilbert was married, in CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 821 Cincinnati, to Miss Elizabeth Hammer, who was a native of Pomeroy, Ohio, and unto them were born three children, of whom one died in infancy, while the younger surviving brother is Edward Hilbert, the vice president of The Hilbert Machine Company, and the elder son is the subject of this review and the president of the company. Charles was born in 1868 and Edward in 1870. Both attended the local schools .and after putting aside their text-books both entered the father's shop and learned the practical end of the machinist's trade. After the death of the father the two sons took over the business, which was then located on Genesee street, and from 1888 until 1899 conducted their enterprise under the firm name of C. B. Hilbert Sons. At the latter date The Hilbert Machine Company was incorporated, with Charles Hilbert as president and Edward Hilbert as vice president, which offices they still hold, while Charles Douglas, a son of Charles Hilbert, is secretary and treasurer. In February, 1905, they removed to their present location, having erected a fine two-story brick, office and factory building, containing seventeen thousand square feet of floor space. They employ about thirty men. The elder brother has had practical charge of the shop since he was nineteen years of age, for owing to the father's poor health for several years prior to his death, the responsibility of conducting the business devolved upon him. William Zinsmeister, who is foreman for The Hilbert Machine Company, served his time as .a machinist apprentice with the father, C. B. Hilbert, and was with him for many years. He then resigned and for about fifteen years was not .connected with the business, but in 1905 returned and was made foreman. Charles Hilbert was married in 1889 to Miss Florence M. Adams, of Cincinnati, Ohio, a daughter of Enos Adams. They have two children : Charles Douglas, a machinist and draftsman, who is secretary and treasurer of The Hilbert Machine Company ; and Eugene Robert Edward Hilbert wedded Rosa Maus, of Cincinnati:, and they have one (laughter, Sylvia. The brothers are members of the Royal Arcanum and Charles Hilbert is one of the three grand trustees of this order in the state of Ohio. The brothers are both men of capability and thorough practical training qualified them for the management that devolves upon them in the conduct and upbuilding of the business, which they are now successfully carrying on. ROBERT HOSEA. Robert Hosea, steamboat builder and owner, merchant, legislator and molder of public opinion, was born in Hanover street, Boston, Massachusetts, on February 15th, 1811, and died on the. 20th of February, 1906, having rounded out ninety-five years of an active and well spent life. His parents were Robert and Lucy (Going) Hosea, who on leaving New England in 1816 became residents of Ross county, Ohio, where the father met with substantial success as a buyer and shipper of produce, which he sent to the eastern markets. He was a son of Robert and Elizabeth (Hemenway) Hosea, of Boston, Massachusetts, and was descended from English ancestors who came to Vir- 822 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ginia about 1650 and subsequently moved to North Carolina to escape religious persecution. Robert Hosea of this review acquired his early education in the Chillicothe Academy under the tutorship of Daniel Hearne. In 1826, when a youth of fifteen years, he accompanied his father on the removal to Cincinnati and almost immediately thereafter began providing for his own support as an employe in a mercantile house. Later the father, having embarked in the steamboat supply business, placed his son Robert as clerk in a store and there he remained until 1835, when he embarked in a trading expedition to the south. This venture proved successful and the proceeds of the undertaking were invested in the steamer Arkansas. He became a clerk on that vessel and in time was sole owner and captain. While in charge of this ship he had many perilous adventures, often risking his own life for the lives and property of others. He continued for some years in the business of building and running steamboats, commanding at different times, the Arkansas, Ozark, Belle Poule, Renown and others, in which connection he became extensively known in both the west and south. In 1844, however, he returned to Cincinnati and became closely associated with the developing commercial interests of this city. He founded the wholesale grocery house of Hosea & Frazer, which was succeeded in 1854 by Robert Hosea & Company and later continued by his son under the firm style of Hosea & Company. His business methods measured .up to the highest standard of commercial ethics. He regarded satisfied patrons as the best advertisement and in no business transaction did he ever take advantage of the necessities of a fellowman. His prosperity was the legitimate and merited reward of earnest labor and the unfaltering pursuit of a persistent purpose. During the period of the Civil war Mr. Hosea was a most zealous advocate of the Federal cause and two of his sons joined the Union army, of whom one, L. M. Hosea, rose to the rank of captain in the regular army and was brevetted major on the field of battle. All through his life Mr. Hosea was actuated by a public spirit that was expressed in many helpful movements for the general welfare. He was frequently Called upon to accept office by his fellow townsmen, who recognized his worth, his ability and his loyalty. In 1857 he was elected to the state legislature and rendered great service to the commonwealth by his championship of all the questions of that period which were of vital interest to the state. He frequently presided at large meetings in Cincinnati and his speeches on these occasions were never forgotten by those who heard him. The way in which he handled a subject indicated his mastery thereof and showed that his study of the issue under discussion was many-sided, so that a prejudiced view was never given to his auditors. He was chosen mayor of Clifton, and Hosea avenue in that suburb was so named in his honor. He was the 'oldest trustee of Spring Grove cemetery at the time of his death, was a trustee of the Miami Medical College for thirty years, a trustee of Antioch College and a director in many enterprises of Cincinnati. He was also president of the board of *trustees of the Unitarian church and he belonged to the Cincinnati Literary Club. He visited Europe frequently, appreciating the broadening influence of travel and the culture which comes from contact with the creative work of the talented men 'of all ages. Under the title of "Glimpses of Europe" he wrote a description of his first visit, which was published in Cincinnati and was highly CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 823 esteemed. His letters to the Commercial, describing the visit of a body of representative Cincinnatians to California in 1869, were also published in book form. Mr. Hosea was married twice. In December, 1836, he wedded Harriet Newell Moore, a native of Ohio, at Montgomery, Alabama, who was an accomplished artist and was awarded a prize at the Hamilton county fair for a portrait of William Henry Harrison painted on ivory. This is still in possession of the family. The death of Mrs. Hosea occurred in January, 1875, and of their ten children, five sons are yet living. In September, 1876, Mr. Hosea wedded Lucy Klinck Rice, a daughter of Carlton Rice, of Hamilton, New York. Mr. Rice's maternal grandfather Daniel Pratt served through the entire Revolutionary war ; his seven sons were physicians and leading citizens of Massachusetts. On the paternal side were many statesmen and theologians. Carlton Rice, Mrs. Hosea's father was a man of many intellectual attainments, whose facile pen was ever at the service of the oppressed. Mrs. Hosea is a lady of superior literary taste and culture, and has won distinction in literary circles. On the 1st of June, 1911, she retired from the presidency of the Woman's Club of Cincinnati. She filled that position during the erection of the fine club-house and her capable business management enabled the club during her incumbency in the office to discharge every financial obligation incurred. Moreover she was active as president of the Ohio Hospital for Women and Children for eight years. She was also the first treasurer of the Kindergarten Association when Mrs. Alphonso Taft was president and continued in that position for twelve years. In this connection the Kindergarten Union spoke of her early efforts to bring to the people the true meaning of the kindergarten idea. It was felt that as the public schools took the child at the tender age of six, responsibility ended there. Mrs. Hosea contributed to the press articles showing that the most impressible years of childhood—the really formative period—was prior to that age. About that time Cincinnati became the scene of terrible mob violence. The Courthouse with its records of generations was burned and the whole city seemed in peril. She then wrote again, "No form of government so needs the kindergarten as ours, and until it is grounded in every town and city throughout the land, will our wise men puzzle over such questions as riots, labor insurrections, idleness and crime," and made use of the following from the magic pen of Dickens with telling effect : "Oh, late-remembered, much-forgotten, mouthing, braggart duty, always owed and seldom paid in any other coin than punishment and wrath when will mankind begin to know thee ? When will men acknowledge thee in thy neglected cradle and thy stunted youth, and not begin their recognition in thy sinful manhood and desolate old age ? Oh, ermined Judge, whose duty to society is now to doom the ragged criminal to punishment and death, hadst thou never, man, a duty to discharge in barring up the hundred open gates that wooed him to the felon's dock, and throwing but ajar the portals to a decent life ! Oh, prelate, prelate, whose duty to society it is to mourn in melancholy phrase the sad degeneracy of these bad times, in which thy lot of honor has been cast, did nothing go before thy elevation to the lofty seat from which thou dealest out thy homilies to other tarriers for dead men's shoes, whose duty to society has not begun ! Oh, Magistrate, so rare a country gentleman and brave a 'squire, had you no duty to society before the ricks were blazing and the mob were mad 824 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY or did it spring up, armed and booted, from the earth, a corps of yeomanry fullgrown !" Money was freely contributed and the Cincinnati Free Kindergarten Association prospered. Mrs. Hosea is a director of the Hull Arts Club .organized in 1911 for the benefit and protection of young women studying art in our city. Her life has been one of intense activity and usefulness. She has been content to perform public service for no other compensation than the consciousness of having done her duty and her far reaching labors have brought large benefit to mankind. LOUISE SOUTHGATE, M. D. The list of Cincinnati's women who are connected with the medical profession, bears the name of Dr. Louise Southgate, who holds to high ideals in her chosen calling and is doing most creditable work in her practice. She was very thorough in her studies. and supplemented her training in this country by study abroad. Dr. Southgate is a native of Walton, Kentucky, and a daughter of Dr. Bernard and Eleanor (Fleming) Southgate. Her father .was born in Richmond, Virginia, and died in 1871, at the age of forty-four years. He was a graduate of the Ohio Medical College and also attended a medical college in Nashville, Tennessee. He afterward located in. Walton, where he practiced for many years, being accounted one of the prominent physicians of that place. Dr. Louise Southgate pursued her education in Western Female Seminary, at Oxford, Ohio, and later entered the Laura Memorial Medical College, completing her course by graduation in the class of 1893. She then went to New York city, where she further prosecuted her studies in the New York Post Graduate School and then, crossing the Atlantic, spent some time in Vienna and in Paris, where she made a special study of the diseases of women and children.. She located for practice in Cincinnati in 1894 and remained here for a year but in 1895 went to Europe, remaining until 1897. Upon her return to her native land she resumed practice in Cincinnati and each year has added to the number of her patrons. Her comprehensive knowledge finds exemplification in the excellent results which attend her efforts and also in the recognition accorded her by the members of the profession. Since 1894 she has been a member of .the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and she also belongs to the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Dr. Southgate and her sister own a home where her mother's grandfather, Thomas Kennedy, settled on taking up his abode in Covington in 1789. He ran the first ferry between Covington and Cincinnati and later ran a ferry between Newport and Cincinnati. This ferry was owned and operated by the Kennedy family until the opening of the suspension bridge. The city of Covington has been laid out upon the. Kennedy farm and no history of the community would be complete without extended mention of the family that for many years has played so important a part in the development and progress of that section. Thomas Kennedy was gene of the first Freemasons of Cincinnati. He served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war and came from Pennsylvania down the Ohio river in a houseboat, when he decided to establish his home in Kentucky. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 825 His dwelling had stood for one hundred and eighteen years when it was torn down in 1909. Upon the old site stands the present residence of Dr. Southgate and her sister, who are most pleasantly located there. Dr. Southgate is well known socially and in other connections in, Covington and in Cincinnati, as well as through her professional labors. She is a member of the Cincinnati Woman's Club and of the Covington Emergency Association, of which she was president. She likewise belongs to the Equal Rights Association of Covington and she is a member of the Presbyterian church at Richwood, Kentucky. Quiet and unassuming in manner and rather conservative, her life has ever beep one of extreme usefulness and in her chosen profession she has won success that is enviable and gratifying. WILLIAM THIE One of the thrifty and enterprising sons of Germany, who has during the past decade become successfully and prominently identified with the baking interests of Cincinnati is William Thie. His birth occurred on the 29th of May, 1877, the first seventeen years of his life being spent in the fatherland. After acquiring a common-school education he was apprenticed to the baker's trade, which he followed in his native country until 1894. Being desirous of making more rapid progress than he deemed possible in the more conservative provinces of Germany he decided to come to the United States, where he had been assured unusual advantages and great opportunities lay in Waft for every enterprising young man. So he crossed the Atlantic ocean- to the great American republic, coming directly to Cincinnati, where he has ever since .remained. He had thoroughly mastered his trade so met with little or no difficulty in obtaining a position, although unfamiliar with either the language or customs of the country. It was not his intention to continue an employe longer than was absolutely necessary and a portion of his earnings were .Carefully laid away each week until he had acquired the capital to engage in business for himself. In 1900, just six years after arriving in this country, he started in a small way, but his business rapidly increased, the quality of his products bringing him many patrons, to whom he has sold goods ever since he opened his bakery. He is a capable business man as well as a good baker and in 1908 he built his present plant located at Dudley and Liberty streets. This is a two-story brick building, fully equipped with every facility for baking, as well as the manufacture of ices and ice creams, this latter department having been added to his business in 1909. He gives employment to twenty-five people in his factory in addition to which he has two retail stores, keeping six clerks in one and four in the other. He manufactures all kinds of bread, pies and cakes, his goods being sold almost entirely through his own stores, and he is also building up a very good trade in ices and ice cream. Mr. Thie has met with a most gratifying degree of success and in 1908 he formed a partnership under the name of The William Thie Baking Company, of which he is president and controls the greater part of the stock. The partners are Charles Hoefelmeier and Henry Starman. 826 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY For his wife Mr. Thie chose Miss Hattie Pottschmidt, a native of Germany and of this marriage there have been born two sons, William Jr., and Carl T. Mr. Thie is loyal to his home city, having made all his investments here in the way of stocks and real estate. He is appreciative of the liberal patronage extended him, which he serves loyally to the best of his ability. In every sense of the word a self-made man, he came to the United States with no capital save his determination of purpose and inexhaustible fund of energy, which he so intelligently invested through the capable direction of his activities as to be realizing handsome dividends, while his business gives the most promising assurance of yet greater prosperity. JOSEPH F. HENNEGAN. Joseph F. Hennegan, the manager of The Lubin, the pioneer motion-picture theatre of Cincinnati, was born in this city on the 27th of February, 1872, and here he has always made his home. When old enough to begin his education he was placed in one of the Catholic schools of the city, and after completing the course there entered the Catholic College, being a post graduate of this institution. At the age of twenty years he entered the business world, as an employe of the firm of Hennegan & Company, composed of John F. and James H. Hennegan, brothers of our subject. He began at the bottom rung of the ladder and subsequently learned the printer's trade, being promoted from time to time in accordance with his ability until he was foreman. He continued to be identified with this company until four years ago, when he resigned his position to become manager of The Lubin, which he has been conducting since 1907. This was the first motion-picture theatre of the better class in Cincinnati, and is located at Nos. 140 and 142 West Fifth avenue, where they have erected a very attractive building. It is in every respect a high-class house and under the capable management of Mr. Hennegan has become recognized as one of the leading theatres in the city. He gives all reels submitted to him the most rigid examination, and no pictures are ever exhibited at this theatre that would offend the most ultra-refined taste, while all slides or songs that convey the slightest suggestion of coarseness are prohibited. Mr. Hennegan is a very capable business man and has made a success of everything that he has ever undertaken, as he never dissipates his energies but concentrates all of his powers upon a definite purpose, with the determination to attain his end. His abilities have been especially tested in directing his present interests, but he has been successful, and despite the great competition The Lubin is doing an excellent business, having a large number of steady patrons who are numbered among the best people in the community. Mr. Hennegan married Miss Kathryn Cook, of Cincinnati, a daughter of John and Elizabeth Cook, the father for many years a prominent poultry dealer here. To Mr. and Mrs. Hennegan there has been born one son, Edward, who is now a lad of ten years. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 829 In matters of faith Mr. and Mrs. Hennegan are Roman Catholics and belong to St. Peter's Cathedral. Fraternally he is identified with the Elks and the Knights of Columbus, and he is also a member of the Cincinnati Typographical Union. WILLIAM STANLEY MERRELL. Among the builders and promoters of Cincinnati's commercial development and greatness William Stanley Merrell deserves prominent mention, for he was one of the galaxy of men who, appreciative of the opportunities here offered, utilized these opportunities to the best possible advantage and in the upbuilding of their personal fortunes also laid the foundation for the city's growth and progress. The first representatives of the Merrell family in the United States were French Huguenots and the name was originally spelled Merle. After the massacre of St. Bartholomew, the family fled to England and, about 1676, three brothers of the name came to America, settling in what is now Connecticut, near Hartford. Mr. Merrell of this review was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1798, a son of Jacob Stanley Merrell, who was also a native of that city. When but two years of age our subject was taken by his parents to Westmoreland, New York. He spent fourteen years there and, attracted by the broader opportunities which were .opening out in the west, he traveled overland to Pittsburg and thence by a flatboat, floating down the Ohio river to Cincinnati in the year 1814, becoming here the adopted son of his uncle,' Major William Stanley, who was the first mayor of this city. His uncle died a few months later, however, and William S. Merrell then returned to Westmoreland, New York, where he continued his education in a preparatory school and thus qualified for college. Becoming a student in Hamilton College of Clinton, New York, he made a specialty of the science of chemistry and was graduated in 1824. The business activity and enterprising spirit of the western city had taken firm hold upon Mr. Merrell and following his graduation he returned to Cincinnati, where he opened a school of chemistry and allied sciences. He proved a capable educator and the recognition of his ability soon led to his selection for the presidency of Tuscumbia Female College at Tuscumbia, Alabama. Two years were there passed but the call of Cincinnati was too strong to be resisted and in 1828 he again became a resident of this city, where he founded a business that today is one of the most extensive and prosperous enterprises of this city, now conducted under the name of William S. Merrell Chemical Company. His first location was at the corner of Western Row, now Central avenue, and Chestnut street and his invested capital was one hundred and ninety-two dollars. About 1842 a removal was made to the corner of Court and Plain streets under the rooms occupied by the Eclectic Medical College. While at that place he made some of the discoveries that gained him world-wide fame, especially those relative to the development of the active principles of vegetable materia medica. He is known throughout the civilized nations as the pioneer in that field. His business gradually grew as the value of his dis- Vol. III-38 830 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY coveries and manufactures were recognized and from time to time his increased patronage demanded larger quarters. In 1852 he removed his laboratories to the northeast corner of Pearl and Vine streets and in 1858 the firm of William S. Merrell & Company, the junior partner being his brother, A. S. Merrell, were housed in the building on Third street adjoining the Burnet Hotel. There a destructive fire in 1872 destroyed their entire establishment. The conflagration was a memorable one, being one of the fiercest that ever raged in the business district of this city. They then found quarters for their warehouse at No. 5 West Fifth street, while their laboratory was established at the corner of Sixth and Eggleston avenue. The business, which in time became one of the foremost enterprises of the kind in the world and is now the leader in its line, stands as a monument to the enterprise and ability of William Stanley Merrell, its founder and promoter. In the business circles of this city he made for himself a most enviable place. His initiative spirit enabled him to venture into untrod paths and to mark out a course that others have followed. In early manhood William S. Merrell was united in marriage to Mehitabel Thurston Poore, a native of Newburyport, Massachusetts, and a daughter of Thurston Poore. The family is of English origin and has been represented in Newburyport since 1681. In her girlhood days Mrs. Merrell accompanied her parents to Indiana and it was while visiting in Cincinnati that she formed the acquaintance of William S. Merrell, to whom she gave her hand in marriage. She became the mother of eleven children and passed away in 1878. He held membership in N. C. Harmony Lodge of Masons, and was associated with the Swedenborgian church. -No history of Cincinnati would be complete without extended reference to William Stanley Merrell, who almost continuously for two-thirds of a century was identified with the commercial and manufacturing interests of this city, maintaining ever an unassailable reputation for business integrity as well as enterprise. He died in September, 1880, in his eighty-third year, leaving to his family not only one of the largest and most splendid business interests of the city but also the priceless heritage of an untarnished name. LOUIS E. DIETZ. Louis E. Dietz, who is the son of the late Conrad and Catharine Dietz, was born in Dover, Indiana, on the 23d of October, 1877. Being but a child of four years when his parents removed to Cincinnati Mr. Dietz has spent the greater portion of his life in this city where he obtained his education, in the acquirement of which he attended the public schools until he was thirteen years of age. Subsequently he entered Nelson's Business College where for two years he pursued a commercial course, in order to obtain a more practical knowledge and understanding of general business methods. After the completion of his course in the latter institution he entered his father's factory, working his way up through the various departments until he had acquired a practical and comprehensive knowledge of every detail of the manufacturing portion of the industry, following which he was placed in the office of which he was manager at the time CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 831 of his father's demise. In 1907 the company was incorporated and Louis E. Dietz was made president and general manager, with William C. F. Dietz as secretary and treasurer. This enterprise, which was founded with practically no capital a little over twenty years ago, was incorporated for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Its growth has not been at all phenomenal, but it has been the steady and permanent development which invariably follows the manufacture of an article of general necessity, whose merits and worth are truthfully represented and found to be dependable. They engage in the manufacture of washing machines exclusively, their factory giving employment to one hundred and fifty people, while they have not only a large domestic but foreign sales department, a demand having been created for their machines throughout a large portion of other American countries as well as parts of Europe. On the 25th of October, 1899, Mr. Dietz was united in marriage to Miss Alma Eggers, their union having been solemnized in Covington, Kentucky. Four children have been born unto Mr. and Mrs. Dietz : Harry, who was born November 2,. 1901; Fred, born November 12, 1903 ; Louis E., Jr., born December 2, 1904 ; and Elsie, born June 3o, 1907. The family affiliate with the Protestant churches and fraternally Mr. Dietz is a member of the Masonic order, having attained high rank in the Scottish Rite, and is identified with Norwood Lodge, Syrian Temple of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Maccabees. His political allegiance Mr. Dietz accords the republican party, but he has never been an office seeker, always having preferred to concentrate his energies upon the development of his private interests in the direction of which he has met with notable success. WILLIAM C. F. DIETZ. Since October, 1906, William C. F. Dietz has been connected with The Boss Washing Machine Company of Cincinnati, in the capacity of secretary and treasurer, in which position he has already proven his efficiency. He is a son of the late Conrad and Margaret (Hofman) Dietz, the former the inventor of the Boss machine, a record of whom appears elsewhere in this volume. His birth occurred in this city on the 15th of December, 1885. At the time of his father's demise, in 1906, the business which he had founded was well established and developing in a most gratifying manner. In 1907 it was incorporated for one hundred and fifty thousand dollars under the name of The Boss Washing Machine Company, with Louis E. Dietz, president and general manager, and William C. F. Dietz as secretary and treasurer. Reared in this city William C. F. Dietz attended its public schools until he had reached the age of fourteen years, following which he entered Nelson's Business College, where he pursued a commercial course for one year. After laying aside his text-books, he took a position in the First National Bank of Norwood, Ohio, as messenger. Being, an energetic and studious boy he gradually worked himself up to the rank of discount clerk and had taken charge of the savings department for three years when he withdrew from the bank's ser- 832 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY vice in October, 1906, to become identified with the business of his father. He held a position in the office of the factory in a clerical capacity until March, 1907, when the business was incorporated, following' which he was made secretary and treasurer. Mr. Dietz married Miss Bertha Stephens of Columbus, Ohio, a daughter of L. P. Stephens. He attends the churches of the Protestant faith and fraternally is identified with the Maccabees, being commander of the Norwood tent. He is also a member of the Masonic Order, Norwood Lodge A. F. and A. M. Although he is only twenty-six years of age Mr. Dietz gives promise of becoming a business man of more than moderate ability and importance and his future: Would seem to be most promising. CHRISTIAN R. HOLMES, M. D. The medical profession of Cincinnati may safely claim an unusually brilliant . representative in Dr. Christian R. Holmes who has practiced in this city for the past twenty-five years and is a leading specialist in diseases relating to the eye, ear, nose and throat. He is a native of Veile, Denmark, born October 18, 1857, a son of C. R. and Karen (Mickelson) Holmes. He received his education in Denmark, Germany and America, graduating from Miami Medical Cellege, Cincinnati, with the degree of M. D. in 1885. He served as hospital interne, and was resident physician of Cincinnati Hospital, 1885-86. He began practice in 1886 and advanced so rapidly in his profession that two years later he was admitted to partnership with Dr. Aub, a noted oculist of Cincinnati. Dr. Aub died soon afterwards and Dr. Holmes fell heir to a large clientele, soon becoming widely recognized as an authority in his specialty. In 1895 he established a private hospital at No. 8, East Eighth street, which he has ever since maintained. He has held a number of important positions in connection with hospitals and other institutions. He served as ophthalmologist and otologist of the Cincinnati Hospital, 1888-99, and as professor of otology in Miami Medical College, 1890-1904. In 1892 he was appointed professor of ophthalmology of Laura Memorial Medical College and Presbyterian Hospital, serving until 1903, and he has filled the position of consulting ophthalmologist of the Cincinnati Hospital since 1908. In 1900 he was appointed by the superior court as a member of the board of trustees of the Cincinnati Hospital to succeed the late distinguished Dr. John Alexander Murphy. In 1903 he was appointed one of the Medical directors of Cincinnati General Hospital and advisory commissioner of the. new Cincinnati General Hospital. Since 1904 he has been professor of otology, of the College of Medicine of the University of Cincinnati, and in 1910 was made permanent chairman of the new hospital commission. His abilities have received recognition from many of the leading medical societies and he served as president of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, 1901-02 ; vice president of the American Medical Association, 1902-03 ; and chairman of the section on laryngology and otology, 1904-05 ; also of the section on ophthalmology, 1905-06; president of the American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, 1908-09; and is a member of the American Ophthalmological Society, the Amer- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 833 ican Otological Society, the American Laryngological Society, the International Otological, Congress, the Ohio Medical Society and the Academy of Medicine. On the 26thwasOctober, 1892, Dr. Holmes was Bettie Fleischmannati to Miss Bettie Fleischmann, a daughter of the late Hon. Charles Fleischmann and a sister of Hon. Julius Fleischmann. Three sons have blessed this union : Carl F. Holmes ; Christian R. Holmes, Jr.; and Julius F. Holmes. Mrs. Holmes., the mother of our subject, died March 30, 1903, at Veile, Denmark, having arrived at the age of seventy-six years. Dr. Holmes was present at the bedside during her last hours, having left for Denmark upon receipt of news from her physician that her illness would terminate fatally. She was well known in Cincinnati where she lived for many years. However, she yearned to end her days at Veile, the home of her childhood, and to fulfill this wish Dr. Holmes purchased a beautiful villa where she passed her last years, surrounded by the friends of her youth. Notwithstanding the demands of a large practice involving great responsibility Dr. Holmes is identified with several social clubs, being a valued member of the New York Yacht Club and the Queen City, Commercial, Optimist, Cincinnati Riding and Cincinnati Country Clubs. He belongs to the class of men who reach the front by natural talent and by indefatigable industry, assisted by the successful application of knowledge acquired in the schools and through contact with the world. A man of remarkable energy, he possesses untiring perseverance and those qualities of courage, clear judgment and decision that are necessary for one who aims to reach the highest rank in any profession. He and his family occupy a beautiful residence on Washington avenue in Avondale. CRANFORD CONSTRUCTION COMPANY. In a history of Cincinnati's business development mention should be made of the Cranford Construction Company, general contractors, for foundation construction, concrete piling, plain and reinforced concrete structures. The Cincinnati organization was incorporated in 1910 under the laws of Ohio and took over the excellent business of the Cranford Paving Company of Washington, D. C., a long established firm, whose work has been closely identified with the growth of the national capital. In fact, they are pioneers in all branches of the paving and concrete business, having in 1902 extended the scope of their activities to include the concrete piling industry. They were also the first to introduce the Simplex Concrete Piling, of which they made use in the extensive foundation work for the United States Engineering School and War College buildings at Washington, under the direction of Captain John Stephen Sewell of the United States Corps of Engineers. The growth of the company's concrete piling and foundation business took them to new fields and after completing the contract for the concrete piling and concrete foundations for the Pittsburg Terminal Warehouse and Transfer Company at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, the largest concrete pile foundations in the world, an office was established in that city early in 1905 to direct the increasing business of the company in Pittsburg and vicinity. The continued growth of the business necessitated additional organization, resulting in the incorporation of the Cranford Construction Company of Cincinnati to 834 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY take over the company's western business, in 1910. The territory of the Cincinnati Company extends from the Ohio river to the Canadian line and from Central Pennsylvania westward, including the states bordering the western bank of the Mississippi. While the main office is in Cincinnati, they have a district office in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, Detroit, Michigan, and Dayton, Ohio. Large yards, well equipped with plant and machinery, are maintained at Oakmont, Pennsylvania, and at Cincinnati, with field yards at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,. Detroit, Michigan, and Dayton, Ohio. The large equipment controlled by the company enables them to take care of an extensive field business. The officers of the company are men of long and varied experience. Personal mention is made of the president, Mr. Stewart, and the secretary, Mr. Nolte, on other pages of this work. The vice president, J. H. Cranford, is president of the Cranford Paving Company of Washington, D. C., and represents its interests in the Construction Company. Since its organization the latter has been awarded contracts with the Pennsylvania. Lines West, the Westinghouse Air Brake Company, the American Steel & Wire Company, the Pittsburg & Lake Erie Railroad, the Pittsburg Plate Glass Company, W. Kesley Schoepf, the Lunkenheimer Company, the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad Company, the Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company, the Oil Well Supply Company, the Spang-Chalfant Company and others, one of their latest contracts is with the City of Cincinnati, for the Gilbert avenue viaduct foundations. The business bids fair to continue in growth, having already taken its place among the most important building industries of the middle west. JAMES WILKINS IREDELL, JR. Mr. Iredell is the fourth son of Robert and Teressa Jones Iredell, born June 17, 1841, in Norristown, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania. The Iredell family is one of the oldest in eastern Pennsylvania. In an old Norman MS. mention is made of the Iredell family.—Sir Pierre d'Ancome followed William the Norman and was present at the Battle of Hastings, the king being pressed and in danger of his life Sir Pierre is stated to have rescued him by slaying those around, to whom the King said—"Sir Pierre thou has given me Air (Eyre) to breathe from hence the Crest-on a wreath of colors a dexter arm embowed in armour ppr tarnished and charged in the hand a sword, etc.—The Conqueror subsequently gave him large tracts of land about Dale or Dell—he then from Royal license took the name of Eyredale modernized to Iredell."—From Carews Mss. Bib : Coll : Mr. Iredell's great-great-grandfather, Thomas Iredell, was the son of Robert and Ellinore Jackson Iredell and was born at Rigg Bank, Cumberland county, England, in 1676. In December of the same year he was baptized in the Church of England. He came to this country and arrived at Philadelphia, October, 1700. On the ninth of the third month, 1705, he married Rebecca Williams in the Friends Meeting House, Second and Market Streets, Philadelphia. He brought with him a certificate which reads as follows : CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 837 CERTIFICATE OF THOMAS IREDELL TO FRIENDS MEETING AT PHILADELPHIA. From our monthly meeting upon Pardsay Cragg, in Cumberland, ye 27th of 6th month, 1700, to friends in Pennsilvania or other parts of America. Dear friends and Brethren—ye tender salutations of our dearest love: of truth always continues and reaches forth to you ; the account we give you is in behalf of a young man ye bearer hereof, Thomas Iredell, who this day has laid before us ye transporting of himself into Pennsilvania requesting our certificate along with him. We therefore certifie to all where he may come, that he has of late years come frequently among friends, his carriage appears to be sober and truth like, those who know him best give no other account but well ; he comes with consent of his mother, though no friend ; and inquiry bath been made as to his clearness in relation to marriage, but nothing appears to ye contrary. We need not further enlarge but subscribe ourselves your friends, and brethren in behalf of the: aforesaid meeting. THO. TIFFIN, JOHN WILSON, JOHN BURNYEAT WILLIAM DIXON, JOHN NOLSON, JAMES DICKINSON, JOSIAS RITSON, THO. WATSON, WM. BOUGH. Thomas Iredell bought a large tract of land at Horsham, Philadelphia county, Pennsylvania. He built a large. stone house on the York road; on the, front door there was an iron knocker, on which was drilled in small holes "T. I. 1709." He gave to the Friends twenty acres of land for a meeting house and burial ground. When Mr. Iredell was in England a few years ago he visited the old home. The large stone house and the surrounding buildings were in splendid condition. The date "1587" is cut in the stone above one of the front windows of the house, and on the mantel above the fireplace in the dining room is carved "T. I. 1692." The property is now owned by John Iredell. Mr. Iredell also descended from Jan Lucken as is shown in the biographical annals of Montgomery county, Pennsylvania : Jan Lucken and Mary, his wife, with thirteen other families came from Crefeld, Germany, sailed from London on the ship Concord, arriving at Philadelphia, October 6, 1683, and settled, Germantown, now part of Philadelphia. They had eleven children. Peter Lucken, 7th son of Jan and Mary, was born first month 30, 1697, married Gainor Evans first month 28, 1719.—Ten children were born. Robert Iredell, son of Thomas and Rebecca, (born 1st month 4, 1721, died 1779) married Hannah Lucken, daughter of Peter and Gainor Lucken, changed to Lukens, (born 8th month 21, 1727, died 1812) second month 29, 1745.—Sixteen children were born. Jonathan Iredell, son of Robert and Hannah, (born l0th month 17, 1765, died 1850) married Hannah Kirk, daughter of Rynear and Elizabeth Kirk, (born 9th month 25, 1767, died 1848) tenth month 1, 1792.—Eight children. Robert Iredell, son of Jonathan and Hannah, (born l0th month 15, 1809, died Toth month 21st, 1904) married Teressa Jones, daughter of Charles and 838 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Phebe Jones, (born 1st month 23, 1813, died 6th month 12, 1868) tenth month 18, 1832. Mr. Iredell has the marriage certificate of his great-grandfather Rynear Kirk to Elizabeth Bliss Wilkins, widow, dated the first day of the fifth month 1766. He also has the marriage certificate of his grandfather Jonathan Iredell to Hannah Kirk, daughter of Rynear and Elizabeth Kirk, dated the fifth day of the tenth month 1792. Both certificates are beautifully written on parchment and are well preserved. He has two pewter plates, marked E. B., which belonged to Elizabeth Bliss ; they are more than one hundred and fifty years old. Mr. Iredell's mother on her father's side descended from John ap Thomas of Wales, and on her mother's side from Doctor Thomas Wynne, who was born in Wales. He sailed from London with William Penn in the ship Welcome and arrived at Philadelphia, October 1682. He was the Speaker of the first Pennsylvania Assembly 1682-1683 ; a member of the Assembly 1688, and Justice of the Peace Sussex county, 1689. He was appointed Judge for the years 1690-1693. Mr. Iredell was educated in the public school and Tremont Seminary in Norristown. August 1861, he enlisted in the Fifty-first Pennsylvania Regiment of Infantry, commanded by Colonel John F. Hartranft. His first experience in the army was with the Burnside expedition to North Carolina ; Major General Ambrose E. Burnside commanding the army ; the navy was under the command of Flag-Officer Commodore L. M. Goldsborough. After the battle of Newbern, most of the regiments were ordered to Washington, D. C., and became part of the Ninth Army Corps, of which General Burnside was appointed commander. December loth to 16th, 1862, after the battle of Fredericksburg, General Burnside was appointed to command the Department of the Ohio. Headquarters were in Cincinnati, at which place he arrived March 10th, 1863. After the siege of Knoxville, Tennessee, the Ninth Army Corps was ordered to return to the army of the Potomac. Mr. Iredell remained in the service until the close of the war. In 1866 Mr. Iredell was appointed general agent for the Cincinnati Fire Insurance Company for the state of Michigan, with headquarters in Detroit. The company made an assignment at the end of the year because it refused to deposit $100,000 at Columbus as was required by law. January, 1867, he located in Cincinnati and engaged in the life insurance business. He was appointed general agent of the Cincinnati Mutual Life for southern Ohio. In 1870, he was elected Secretary of The Home Mutual Life Insurance Company of Cincinnati, which position he held until the company reinsured in the Union Central. October 6th, 1868, he married Virginia Evelyn Rust. Their children were : Teressa J. Iredell who married John Omwake, April T0th, 1901.; Charles Jones Iredell, married Adelaide H. Monfort, November l0th, 1900 ; Frank Rust Iredell, died in infancy ; Virginia Rust Iredell, married John Tenney, Jr., of Plainfield, New Jersey, October 6th, 1908. Mrs. Iredell's father, Benjamin Franklin Rust, was born in Winchester, Virginia; her mother, Mary. Theodosia (Bradford) Rust, was born in Lexington, Kentucky ; her mother's mother was a daughter of John and Susannah Russell Corlis, of Providence, Rhode Island ; she was educated in the Moravian school, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 839 Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Iredell's great-great-grandfathers Rust and Bradford were in the Revolutionary war. January 1st, 1872, Mr. Iredell was appointed superintendent of western agencies by The Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company of Philadelphia, with headquarters in Cincinnati. February 3d, 1887, he was appointed general manager for Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee. January 1st, 1910, he formed a partnership with his son, Charles J. In October, 1872, Mr. Iredell assisted in the organization of the first Life Underwriters' Association in the United States, in Parlor A., Burnet House, Cincinnati. At the second annual meeting of the National Association of Life Underwriters held in Detroit, 1891, he was elected a member of the executive committee and served in that position twenty years. Mr. Iredell is a member of Avon Lodge, F. & A. M. No. 542, Cincinnati Chapter Royal Arch Masons, No. 2, Cincinnati Council of Royal and Select Masters No. 1, Cincinnati Commandery of Knights Templars, No. 3, The Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of Free Masonry of the Northern Jurisdiction of the United States. February 16th, 1881, he received the Thirty-third and last degree. October, 1888, 1889 and 1890 he was elected M. E. Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of the State of Ohio. He has been for many years the president of the Board of Trustees of the Ohio Masonic Home, located at Springfield. He is a member of The Cincinnati Country Club ; the Cincinnati Commercial Association ; the Society of Colonial Wars, and the Grand Army, of the Republic, Fred C. Jones Post No. 401. MEYER SILVERGLADE. Meyer Silverglade, who has been successfully identified with various activities of Cincinnati and is now the controlling stock holder of the Crown Brewing Company, was born in Russia on January 28, 1856. There he was reared to manhood, obtaining his education in the national and private schools. Owing to the injustice and hardships inflicted upon his people by the Russian government, as well as the many hindrances placed in the way of their advancement, in 1880 he decided to become a citizen of the United States, knowing that here his progress would depend upon his own capabilities, and he would be given equal opportunities with others. As he did not know the language and was entirely unfamiliar with the customs of the country, when he first arrived he was compelled to obtain employment as a day laborer. He was ambitious and energetic, however, and his well trained mind and inherent abilities soon enabled him to acquire sufficient knowledge of English to enable him to procure work better suited to his qualifications. Possessing the thrift and business sagacity that characterizes his race the world over, he ultimately procured sufficient capital to enable him to engage in business on his own behalf and he opened a lunch room and restaurant. Under his capable management this proved to be a most lucrative undertaking and later he opened a saloon and restaurant business. With his increasing prosperity he kept extending the scope of his activities and next became interested in the manufacture of cigars, continuing in this line and the saloon business for fifteen years. Later he became identified with the Ohio 840 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Union Brewing Company, first in the capacity of director and finally as president, holding the latter office from 1902 to 1906. Disposing of his interests in this enterprise he became connected with the Crown Brewing Company, of which he is now vice president and controlling owner. Mr. Silverglade also owns the Hub Cafe and has a half interest in the Wheel Cafe and the Walton Hotel. He is a director of the People's Bank and is also heavily interested in some of the valuable real estate of this city. In every way a most efficient and capable business man, he possesses the executive ability as well as the powers of organization so essential to success in commercial life at the present time of close competition. He is constantly on the alert for good business opportunities, and by reason, of his keen foresight often times recognizes chances that would be overlooked by a man of less sagacity. Mr. Silverglade has six children, four daughters, all of whom are married, and two sons, who are still at home. Both he and his family affiliate with Dr. Phillips' Synagogue at Avondale, and fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Odd Fellows and also of the B'nai B'rith. His political support Mr. Silverglade accords to the republican party, for whose candidates he always casts his ballot, but he does not participate in municipal affairs further than to meet the requirements of good citizenship by casting a ballot on election day. He has never had occasion to regret becoming a citizen of the United States, having here met with the success he anticipated when he landed in this country, with little capital and no influence, but the most valuable assets a man can possess ; unlimited energy and the. determination to attain his ambition. FENN O. STONE. Fenn O. Stone, president and general manager of The F. O. Stone Baking Company, has acquired much more than a local reputation through the superior quality of his products, the advent of which marked an innovation in the wholesale manufacture of cake. He is a native of Holly, Michigan, his birth occurring in 1876, and is a son of the late Dr. John Wesley and Eldora (Stearns) Stone. His father pursued his professional studies in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, and later engaged in the practice of medicine in Chicago and Burlington, Illinois, and Atlanta, Georgia. He subsequently located in Indianapolis, Indiana, where he spent the last fourteen years of his life, passing away at the age of fifty-six. Reared in his native state, Fenn O. Stone attended the public schools of Jonesville in the acquirement of an education. When old enough to assume the heavier responsibilities of life he laid aside his text-books and entered the salesroom of a local baker. He subsequently drove a wagon and later entered the shop, thus becoming familiar with every department of the business and thoroughly mastering the trade. Upon the completion of his apprenticeship he worked as a journeyman until 1896, when he located in Cleveland, this state, and 'engaged in the bakery business for himself. He was successfully identified with the operation of a plant in that city until 1906, when he disposed of hi:; interests to the Star Baking Company. A man of progressive, yet practical ideas, Mr. Stone had long felt the lack of a. thorough knowledge of the science CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 843 of chemistry as applied to food properties not only on his own part but that of the men he employed, and after selling his place of business he attended the Chidlow School for Technical Baking, located in the Ward-Mackey plant at Pittsburg. This institution was closed before he completed his course of study and he then entered the Columbus laboratories in bacteriology in Chicago and reviewed his work in the analysis of flour, fats, milk and other food stuffs used in his business. He. subsequently returned to Cleveland and for two years thereafter was superintendent of the plant of the Star Baking Company. At the expiration of that period he left their service to become a demonstrator and salesman for a Boston house that sold to the baking trade only. He continued to: be identified with the latter company until March, 1909, when he came to Cincinnati and established The F. O. Stone Baking Company. This plant has no parallel in either its methods or their execution in this country or Europe and is the result of years of study and planning as well as practical experience. Mr. Stone had made a careful study of baking from every point of view, recognizing the needs and appreciating the requirements of a product in the cake line that was dainty and appetizing and at the same time conformed to the laws of science both in its properties and the method of manufacturing. It was his aim and intention when establishing this plant to produce a cake that would tempt the epicure and yet was so concocted as not to hurt the most delicate digestion, all of its properties being united in strict accordance to a formula based upon a scientific study of foodstuffs. He had no desire to make a cake like "mother used to make," for her results too often depended upon luck, through her lack of knowledge of the chemical action that takes place during the process of baking. Mr. Stone has made a most careful study of the laws of chemistry and physics as applied to the art of baking and consequently knows exactly what ingredients and proportions are required as well as the temperature to which they must be submitted to produce the desired results. His patented process for controlling the temperature is one of the most important factors in enabling him to produce a cake that is uniform in quality and unequalled by any other method of manufacture. He is recognized throughout the country as a scientific baker without, perhaps, a peer, and he is also a man of rare business sagacity. Although the quality of his goods bring him business from sections both far and near, where patronage has not been solicited, he is a strong believer in the efficacy of advertising. He conducts his enterprise in strict accordance to modern methods in every department and unquestionably his unique and original newspaper and street-car advertisements have done much to promote his success. As he is not boastful and he makes no extravagant claims, but his advertisements are always to the point and so clever that they compel interest and create a permanent impression upon the mind of the observer. His business has developed in a most remarkable manner from the very first and now gives employment to thirty people all of the time. He now has a large shipping department that originated through unsolicited trade before the local field had been covered and it is constantly increasing. The plant is limited to the production of a small variety of soft cakes, that are wrapped in waxed paper and sold in original packages through the retail grocers. The process and formula are protected by patent and copyright and the company trade mark is to be found on each and every package. 844 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY When the enterprise was first started Simon H. Hubig was the president, but Mr. Stone bought his stock on the 1st of March, 1911, and now has control of the entire plant. It is the only concern of the kind in the country that limits the variety of its products but quality and not quantity is their aim. Mr. Stone married Miss Princess Wyand, a daughter of John Wyand, of Addison, Michigan, and to them has been born one daughter, Donna. Fraternally he is identified with Price Hill Lodge, F. & A. M., and also with the Independent Order of Foresters. He belongs to the Cincinnati Commercial Association and Business Men's Club and maintains relations with the other members of his occupation through the medium of his connection with the State and National Association of Master Bakers. Owing to his wide study and careful preparation he is recognized as an authority on all technical subjects connected with their business and has addressed both the national and state association on several different occasions. Through the rare combination of unusual technical skill and business acumen Mr. Stone is meeting with a gratifying degree of prosperity and is rapidly rising in the ranks of Cincinnati's substantial business men. JAMES E. MOONEY. The energy he has exercised in his business career, the keen discrimination he has displayed and the aptitude for successful management have brought James E. Mooney to a prominent position among Cincinnati's captains of industry. He early entered the business world and was not long in learning the lesson that industry and willingness constitute the only sure path to advancement. From the humble position of apprentice he has worked his way continuously upward until he is now prominently connected with several of the city's important productive industries, including the American Oak Leather Company, of which he is the president. He also has voice in the management of a number of other important business concerns in this and other states and his cooperation is ever regarded as a valuable asset in business communities. Mr. Mooney is a native of Indiana, his birth having occurred near Waldron, Shelby county, on the 4th of May, 1832. He has, therefore, passed the seventy-ninth milestone on life's journey and remarkably well preserved still continues an active factor in business, directing the important affairs which are under his control. His parents were Edmund and Mary (Nicholson) Mooney, the former descended from ancestry from the north of Ireland, while the maternal ancestors came from Wales. Edmund Mooney was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, and early in life became a resident of Kentucky, where he entered upon an apprenticeship to the tanner's trade. While residing there in 1818 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Nicholson, a native of Culpeper county, Virginia, and some time afterward he removed with his family to Shelby county, Indiana, which was then a frontier district, the work of development and improvement having scarcely been begun in that locality. When he was a lad of six years his parents established their home in Shelbyville, where he secured his education by five years' study in the seminary there. A removal was then made to Edinburg, Johnson county, Indiana, where James E. Mooney was again in school for CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 845. two years. His educational opportunities were somewhat limited and yet in the school of experience he has learned many valuable lessons, which he has employed to the best advantage in the conduct of his business. He was but fourteen years of age when he worked in a store at Edinburg. He also assisted as a salesman and in the keeping of accounts and subsequently he accepted a clerkship in a neighboring store, where he received valuable business training that stood him in good stead in later years. With the building of the Madison & Indianapolis Railroad, the first in Indiana, in 1849, Mr. Mooney obtained a position in the first exclusively wholesale house established in Indianapolis and in the winter was sent out on Jong collecting tours on horseback,. which was the only way of making the journey at that time. Gradually he advanced step by step in his business career. Every change he made indicated progress toward the goal which he kept before him. From 1851 until. 1853 he was accountant and cashier of a large pork-packing establishment in Madison, Indiana, and his industry and careful expenditure at length brought him capital sufficient to enable him in the fall of 1853 to become a partner in the establishment and conduct .of a general store at Edinburg under the firm name of Clark & Mooney, his first employer being a silent partner, which fact indicates the confidence that he had in his erstwhile employe. For five years the firm continued successfully in business, at the end of which time Mr. Mooney .purchased his father's interest in the tannery, becoming a partner of his brother under the firm style of W. W. & J. E. Mooney. Soon afterward they built a large tannery at Columbus, Indiana, and conducted the business for ,fifteen years, their intelligently directed labors bringing them a substantial measure of success. Seeking a broader field of labor, James E. Mooney then removed to Indianapolis, where he embarked in the wholesale leather business under the firm style of Mooney & Company, retaining an interest in that enterprise for thirty years. As opportunity offered he gradually extended his efforts and, keenly alive to the possibilities of every new avenue opened in the natural ramifications of trade, he passed over the pitfalls into which unrestricted progressiveness is so frequently led and was enabled to focus his energies in directions where fruition was certain. In 1866 he established a wholesale leather business in Louisville, Kentucky, conducting it for five years, and also opened a leather manufacturing plant there, with which he has since been connected, being now president of the business which is carried on under the name of the Ohio Falls Oak Leather Company, now .a "branch of the American Oak Leather Company. His identification with "the commercial and industrial interests of Cincinnati dates from 1873, in which year he became one of the stockholders of the Mount Adams & Eden Park Inclined Plane Railway Company. He did this purely as an investment but the widespread financial panic which soon followed rendered the success of the enterprise doubtful So that Mr. Mooney turned his personal attention to the business and invested more heavily in the undertaking, which under his careful guidance became a profitable concern. In 1874 he became one of the heavy stockholders of the Muscogee Lumber Company of Pensacola, Florida, which owned one hundred thousand acres of timber land, several mills and a number of miles of railroad. His identification therewith covered eighteen years, at the end of which time the business was sold to an English syndicate. In the meantime, in 1876, Mr. Mooney had become a stockholder of the Cincinnati Coffin Company, 846 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY which is one of the large industrial concerns of the city, employing several hundred men. He is now president of that company and also of the American Oak Leather Company of Cincinnati, which he organized in 1880, remaining always its largest. stockholder. In that year an extensive plant was erected covering two and a half blocks, extending from McLean and Dalton avenues and from Kenner to Flint streets, and along McClanin avenue extending to Wade street. The business, notwithstanding heavy losses through fire and flood, has prospered in most gratifying manner and today furnishes employment to one thousand men. Twice have they greatly damaged the plant and fire at one time destroyed a portion of it, but with Mr. Mooney at the head, the business has been a success. He has ever been recognized as a persistent,, resolute and energetic worker, possessing strong executive powers and keeping his hands steadily upon the helm of the business, has so guided it that it is now one of the most important productive industries of the city. Branch houses have been maintained in Boston, Chicago, St. Louis, and through these the product of the company has been placed upon the market. Mr. Mooney was also interested in the American Starch Company of Columbus, Indiana, as a stockholder and president, but in April, 1895, the plant was destroyed by fire. In 1887 he organized the American Oak Extract Company of Decatur, Alabama, now a branch of the American Oak Leather Company, of which he has continuously been the president, and adjoining this plant there has been a large tannery erected by the company at Decatur, which absorbs the product of the extract company. The record of Mr. Mooney is a notable one. At the outset of his career he did not wait for -a specially brilliant opening but; like many other brainy, energetic young men, he has left his impress upon the magnificent development of Cincinnati and of other districts. His mental and physical activities were the only capital which he brought with him at the outset of his business career but he early showed conspicuously the traits of character which have made his life brilliantly successful. He performed all the duties that devolved upon him in early manhood, however fumble and however small the recompense might be conscientiously and industriously and from the beginning his course has been marked by consecutive progress. It is true that like other business men he may not have found the days equally bright. Indeed, in his commercial experience he has seen the gathering of clouds that threatened disastrous storms, but his rich inheritance of energy and pluck has enabled him to turn defeats into victory and promised failures into brilliant successes. His strict integrity, business conservatism and judgment have always been so widely recognized that he has enjoyed public confidence to an enviable degree and naturally this has brought him such a lucrative patronage that through times of general prosperity and general adversity alike he has witnessed a steady increase in his business and is today identified with a number of very remunerative and important industrial and commercial concerns. GUSTAVE R. FRIES. For fifty-six years Gustave R. Fries has been a factor in the conduct of the business carried on under the name of Alex. Fries & Brother at Nos. 312-316 East Second street. The product of the factory is flavors and the continuous CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 847 and substantial growth of the business is an indication of the reliability and progressive methods which have been followed by its founder and its owner. Gustave R. Fries was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1841, a son of Professor Morris Fries, who was an instructor of mathematics in the fatherland. In 1855 Gustave Fries, who up to that time had been pursuing his education in his native, country, came to the new world and joined his two brothers. Alex. and Charles, who earlier in the year had begun the manufacture of. flavors. He became 'an employe in their small factory, then located on. Avery Alley between Mill and Stone streets. This was. the first enterprise of this character in Cincinnati. Trade. grew steadily with them and in 1863 they secured more commodious quarters by erecting the present brick building into which they re, moved as soon as it was completed. The two original partners, Alex and Charles Fries, were both natives of Bavaria, Germany, and were men of extensive education and marked intellectual power. The elder studied chemistry in Paris, France, and later in Madrid, Spain, where he was knighted by the Queen for proficiency in arts and sciences. He came to this city from Spain, as did his brother Charles, who also pursued his education in that country. The present owners of the business are Gustave R. Fries and his nephew, Dr. Alfred Springer, Ph. D. It was in 1863 that the former was admitted to a partnership in the business. About 1858, three years -after coming to Cincinnati, he desired to see more of his adopted country and went west, working for several years in the mines at Pike's Peak. He then returned and has since been continuously identified with the manufacture of flavors. The business is a large and growing one and with 'every phase of it Mr. Fries is familiar, so that he is able to direct the labors of those who serve him. Mr Fries was. married twice. He first wedded Theresa Kuhn, and they had one child Marie,, who. is now the wife of Jesse Lowman, formerly city solicitor of Cincinnati. Fries. passed away in 1882 and he later married Eugenia Sinshaw, of New York. city: The three children of this marriage are : Harriet, the wife of Sol Magnus ; George, who was graduated from Cornell University in 1909 with the degree Of A. B. and is now identified with the house of Alex. Fries & Brother ; and Robert, who is a student at Cornell. Gustave Fries is a member of the Masonic fraternity and a worthy exemplar of the craft .which is the most ancient and honorable among the fraternal organizations. No regret has ever come to him concerning the fact that when a youih in his teens he severed the connections which bound him to his native land. and sought the opportunities of the new world. Republican government, the liberty accorded American citizens and the chances for advancement in business all proved attractive to him and no native son of the United States has been more loyal to the country than has Gustave R. Fries. DANIEL WEBSTER CLANCEY, M. D., D. D. S. Dr. D. W. Clancey, whose demise occurred at his residence, Observatory and Paxton roads, Cincinnati, on the 24th of December, 1905, was actively engaged in the practice of dentistry at the corner of Seventh and John streets for thirty-eight years. He was born in Vermont on the 15th of December, 1843, and 848 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY came of Norman-Irish ancestry. The first eighteen years of his life were spent on the home farm, and in the acquirement of an education he attended the district schools and an academy. Lured to the west by the opportunities offered in this section of the country, the outbreak of the Civil war found him in Cleveland, Ohio. Responding to President Lincoln's call for seventy-five thousand men, he enlisted for three-months service and on the expiration of that period reenlisted for three years as a member of the Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was wounded at the battle of Winchester, Virginia, in March, 1862, and the following June was mustered out, his injuries proving so serious as to unfit him for military duty. Taking up the study of medicine in the. University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Clancey was graduated from that institution in 1869. In preparation for the practice of dentistry he attended the Philadelphia Dental College, of which institution he was likewise a graduate. That hiss skill and ability were widely recognized and utilized is indicated by the liberal practice which was accorded him. He served as vice president of the board of trustees of the Ohio Dental College, and was a member of the Ohio State Dental Society, the National Dental Association, the Academy of Medicine and the Odontological Society of Cincinnati. Dr. Clancey was three times married and was the father of three children, namely : Arthur Hutsinpiller, who succeeded his father in practice ; Harrison Beesley ; and William Power. In 1887, at St. George's church, London, England, he wedded Miss Katharine A. Beesley, who was at that time traveling in Europe. Her father, John W. Beesley, came in 1833 from New York to Cincinnati, where he was engaged .in business until the- time of his retirement at the age of fifty-two years. He passed away on the 2d of. December, 1882, when sixty-five years of age. His widow still survives him and has now attained the remarkable age of ninety-three years. Mrs. Clancey is a member of the Lecture Club and a communicant of St. Paul's cathedral. She makes her temporary residence in The Navarre apartments, Walnut Hills. CHARLES J. BRISTER. Charles J. Brister, general freight agent for the Big Four, is one of the promising young men connected with the railway service in Cincinnati. He was born in Dayton, Ohio, on the '22d of June, 1876, and is a son of J. T. and Mary E. (Wood) Brister, the father a wholesale cloak manufacturer of this city. The family is of English extraction in the paternal line, the great-grandfather of our subject having emigrated to America from the mother country. Upon his arrival in the United States he first located in Pennsylvania, but subsequently came to Ohio, settling in Coshocton county, and the family have ever since been residents of this state. The early years in the life of Charles J. Brister did not differ particularly from those of other lads of the same period and circumstances. He was reared at home and attended the public and high schools of his native city in the acquirement of his education. In the choice of a life vocation he decided upon a