CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 851 business rather than a professional career, and recognizing that stenography offered better advantages and greater opportunities for advancement prepared himself for this line of work. When he had become sufficiently proficient to seek a position he found employment in the auditor's office of the Dayton, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad, where he remained a year. In February, 1891, he came to Cincinnati as stenographer in the general agent's office of the Union Pacific Railway, continuing to serve in this capacity until the 1st of January, 1892, when he resigned his position to enter the employ of the Big Four Railroad Company, with which he has ever since been identified. He served as a stenographer until 1893 when he was appointed rate clerk, discharging the duties of this office so efficiently that the following year he was made chief clerk to the assistant general freight agent. His next promotion was on the 1st of January, 1896, when he became chief clerk to the general freight agent and freight traffic manager, and on January I, 1900, he became, assistant general freight agent eon-firming in this capacity until appointed to his present position on the 1st of January, 1906. During the entire period of his business life Mr. Brister has been connected with the railroad business, the greater part of the time in the freight department, every detail of which he has made a careful and exhaustive study. In addition to his thorough understanding and wide knowledge of traffic matters he possesses the executive ability so essential in-the successful direction of the work of any large department. He is a member of the American Association of Freight Traffic Officers and several traffic clubs. Fraternally he is a member of the Masonic order, being connected with Cincinnati Lodge, No. 133, F. & A. M. and Kilwinning Chapter, R. A. M. He is also a member of the Queen City Club, Cincinnati Country and Cincinnati Golf Clubs and the Union League Club of Chicago. In matters of faith ,Mr. Brister is a Presbyterian and affiliates with Dr. Goss' church at Avondale. He has many friends, and is highly esteemed by both his business and social acquaintances, his fine personal qualities winning him the regard of all with whom he comes in contact. FRANK H. MILLER. Frank H. Miller is now at the head of one of the old industrial enterprises of Cincinnati, having almost completed a century's existence as a growing business concern of this city. In its successful management and control Mr. Miller has proven his worth and ability, readily adapting himself to the changing conditions of business life and keeping at all times in touch with the trend of progress that marks the commercial development of the new world. P Cincinnati numbers him among her native sons, his birth hg occurred here in 1860. The Miller family came originally from England an first located on Long Island. Our subject is a great-grandson of Luke Miller, who enlisted as a private in a New Jersey regiment during the Revolutionary war. He is a grandson of George C. Miller, who was one of the pioneers of Cincinnati and the founder of the business that is now carried on under the name of the George C. Miller Sons Carriage Company. His birth occurred on the Atlantic seaboard and in 1812 he removed westward from Madison, New Jersey, taking up his Vol. III-39 852 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY abode in the city where his remaining days were passed. He not only became a prominent factor in industrial circles but also made extensive investments in real estate, becoming the owner of much valuable property. He likewise figured prominently in financial circles as a stockholder in several banks. Three years after his arrival here he opened a carriage shop, becoming the pioneer carriage manufacturer of the city. From the beginning he prospered, his excellent workmanship and the style, finish and durability of his carriages gaining for him a growing patronage, which soon became extensive. The two sons, John M. and Jeptha G. Miller, upon reaching adult age, were taken into the firm under the style of George C. Miller & Sons. The factory was located on Seventh street, at the corner of St. Clair alley, George C. Miller owning property on both sides of the alley, his residence standing on the east side, while his factory occupied the site west of the alley. He also owned property on St. Clair alley south of Geno alley, which also constituted a part of the factory grounds. The present store rooms are at Nos. 713 and 715 Main street and in that vicinity the factory has always stood. The. business was established as a carriage manufactory and the company continued to build carriages until 1903, but since that time have devoted their attention mostly to handling carriages and automobiles. For many years before his death George C. Miller was retired from active business save for the supervision which he gave to his real-estate interests and other investments. He was succeeded in the management of the enterprise which he had founded, by his sons, John M. and Jeptha G. Miller, who had long before become his associates. John M. Miller, father of Frank H. Miller, was born in New Jersey, while his parents were making a visit at their old home. In this city he was reared and educated and the only business with which he was ever connected was that which was established by his father. He entered the shops when a boy, familiarizing himself with every phase of the business, and for many years bent his energies to guiding and controlling its interests. His death, however, occurred in March, 1894, while his brother, who for many years was his partner, passed away in 1892. He married Huidah Woodhull Nicholas, a native of New Jersey, whose death occurred in 1893. Frank H. Miller was born in this city, entered the public schools at the usual age and mastered the branches of learning taught in the different grades, later attending the Woodward high school. Further educational opportunities were offered and improved by him. He pursued a scientific course in the University of New Jersey at Princeton, from which he was graduated in 1884, after which he returned to Cincinnati and entered upon active connection with the business of which he is now the sole proprietor. At his father's death in 1894, he and his brother, Howard S. Miller, took full charge of the business but in a few years the latter, on account of ill health, sold his interest to Frank H. Miller and is now a resident of California, leaving the subject of this review as sole owner of the business: In 1899 he began to handle automobiles, becoming one of the pioneers in this line of business in Cincinnati. This department has grown to be the most important, the carriage business now taking secondary place. He is the distributing agent for the Stevens-Duryea cars over a radius of one hundred miles around Cincinnati and has disposed of many of these machines, the growth of his business in this line being very gratifying. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 853 While attending college Mr. Miller formed the acquaintance of Miss Julia Glasby, of Elizabeth, New Jersey, whom he afterward married, and to them have been born three children, Gladys, Donald G. and Frederica. They are well known socially in this city, where they have an extensive circle of warm friends. Mr. Miller now holds membership in the Ohio Society, Sons of the Revolution and is also a member of the Automobile Club and the Automobile Dealers' Association, being a director of the last named organization. He and his family attend the Prebyterian church. He has always resided here and the fact that many of his closest friends are numbered among those who have known him from boyhood is an indication that his life has ever been an honorable and upright one. JUDGE DAVID DAVIS. A native son of the Buckeye state and a true lover not only of his state, but of the republic and of the principles upon which it is founded, Judge David Davis of Cincinnati has had occasion many times to voice his sentiments from the forum or platform, and is widely known as one of the loyal-hearted men who deem no sacrifice too great if it advance the permanent welfare of their country. He can claim his descent from sturdy Welsh ancestry on both sides of the house. He was born on a farm in Gallia county, Ohio, February 27, 185i. He is a son of Daniel L. and Elizabeth (Morgan) Davis, both of whom were born in Cardiganshire, Wales, the former on April 30, 1815, and the latter February 6, 1819. The father came to America in June, 1838, and settled upon a farm in Gallia county, where he spent the remainder of his life. There were seven children in the family of Mr. and Mrs.: Davis, save of whom grew to maturity, namely : David, Mary Ann, now. living in .Connecticut and who is the widow of C. A. Passmore ; Richard, deceased; Lot, who makes his home in Tacoma, Washington; and Hannah, the widow of F. G. Lennann. David Davis received his early education in the public schools and at Gallia Academy, later attending Lebanon University at Lebanon, Ohio. He pursued the study of law under Judge James Tripp, a leading attorney of Jackson, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar at Jackson in 1876. He at once began practice in the same town and soon gained a standing in his profession, rapidly moving to the front as one of the successful lawyers of the county. However, after a few years he "desired a wider ,field and since September, 1885, has made Cincinnati his home, being known as one of the leaders at the bar in Hamilton county. He has served most acceptably in several public offices, his first experience in office being a city solicitor of Jackson in 1880-1881. He was the first solicitor of Norwood in 1887-1888, and mayor of Norwood from 1895-1896. He resigned from this position in the latter year and in November, 1896, was elected judge of the common pleas court of Hamilton county, which responsibility he discharged to the general satisfaction of the people for five years. Since February 9, 1902 he has devoted his attention to general civil practice. He enjoys a large and lucrative clientage and possessing a natural legal mind and unusually fine reasoning powers, he readily masters the points in any case in which he is inter- 854 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ested. He is a valued member of the Cincinnati Bar Association and is often invited to deliver public addresses on legal and other topics. He has also been successful in business affairs and for twenty-two years past has filled the office of president of the Elsmere Building & Loan Company. On the 13th of January, 1880, Judge Davis was united in marriage at Jackson, Ohio, to Miss Alice Sutherland, a daughter of Thomas B. and Maria (Pickerel) Sutherland. The father was president of the Iron Bank of Jackson and is now deceased. Four children were born to Judge and Mrs. Davis : Lillian E., who is the wife of Burgoyne Jones, of Avondale; Mabel, who married Byron R. White, of Brooklyn, New York, by whom she has one child, David Davis White; and Edith S. and Dorothy G., both of whom are living at home. In politics Judge Davis affiliates with the republican party, is prominent in its councils and in urgent demand as a speaker in behalf of its candidates and principles. He is connected with the Young Men's Blaine Club and the Stamina Republican League. For eighteen years past he has been a member of the board of trustees of Grace Methodist Episcopal church, although not a member of the church. He has for years been active in the promotion of the peace movement, which finds expression in the American Peace Society and the Lake Mohonk Peace Conference, in both of which he holds membership. He is also a Mason of high standing and is in hearty sympathy with the teachings of brotherhood as represented by that order. The life of Judge Davis has been an exemplification of energy, integrity and progressiveness along lines of responsibility and permanent worth, and being a man of generous and kindly nature, he can claim a legion of friends in Cincinnati and throughout the entire country. WILTON WALKER CONEY. For twenty years Wilton Walker Coney has been identified with the business interests of Cincinnati and the success that he has achieved in life has been due to his own unaided efforts. He was born in this city on the 5th of November, 1867, and is a son of M. R. and Martha (Haughton) Coney. The father, who was also a native of Cincinnati, became a dealer in contractor's supplies, carrying on business along that line until his death, in 1900. The mother of our subject had passed away nearly three decades previously, dying in 1872. Reared under the parental roof, W. W. Coney attended the public and high schools of his native city until seventeen years of age when he put away his text-books to begin his business career. Entering his father's establishment as a clerk, he worked his way rapidly upward from one position to another of more responsibility until he became manager, continuing to serve in that capacity until his father's death. Four years later the business was consolidated with that of Mr. Moores and was incorporated under the name of The Moores-Coney Company, of which Mr. Coney became president, F. Lawson Moores, vice president and treasurer, and R. H. Coney, secretary. They deal in builder's supplies, the scope of their business having increased very largely since the incorporation of the company. It owns and controls brickyards at Batavia, Ohio, operating under the name of the Clermont Brick Company, and there the building brick handled CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 855 by the company is manufactured. The paving brick is made at Zanesville, Ohio, under the name of the Harris Brick Company, and the business is controlled from the general offices, located- on the ninth floor of the St. Paul building, in Cincinnati.- Their business is the most extensive of the kind in the city. On the 10th of May, 1892, Mr. Coney was united in marriage to Miss Maud Morrison. Since attaining his majority he has given his support to the men and measures of the republican party but has never cared for the honors or emoluments of public office, preferring to devote .his entire time and attention to his business interests. He is now a director of the Westport Stone Company of Westport, Indiana; the Bahmann Iron Works Company of Cincinnati; the Cincinnati Crushed Stone and Gravel Company ; the Clermont Brick Company of Batavia, Ohio ; and the Harris Brick Company of Zanesville, Ohio. He is prominent in both business and social circles and is today an honored member of the Engineers Club, the Business Men's Club, the Cincinnati Golf Club, and the Hamilton County Golf Club. HORACE W. LOTHMANN. Few cities of the United States surpass Cincinnati in magnitude and completeness of their business houses, and it is doubtful whether any other city in America can claim brighter, more energetic or more capable business men. The reputation of Cincinnati is well established in this respect.in the the prominent factors intthe commercial life of the city is Horace W. Lothmann, secretary and treasurer of the Rendigs-Lothmann Company, importers and manufacturers of furs, cloaks and hats at Nos. 30 and 32 East Fourth street. He was born in Cincinnati, January 5, 1860, a son of William Lothmann, who was engaged in the wholesale dry-goods business in this city for many years, but moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1884. He is still living and has arrived at the age of eighty years. After receiving his preliminary education in the public schools Mr. Lothmann of this review became a student of Woodward high school, but he left this institution in his junior year in order to assist his father in his dry-goods business. When the father moved to Minneapolis, however, the son decided to remain in Cincinnati and he became connected as salesman with the Shipley-Doisy Company, wholesale dry-goods merchants having charge of the outfitting department during the last three years of his service. The company went out of business about 1890 and soon afterward Mr. Lothmann associated with George Rendigs in the manufacture and sale of furs, cloaks and hats. The firm was first known as Rendigs, Davaillon & Company, but was later incorporated as the Rendigs-Lothmann Company, of which Mr. Lothmann is secretary, treasurer and general manager. This is one of the well established houses of Cincinnati and fully deserves the liberal patronage of the best class of customers, who have been attracted from Cincinnati and the tributary region. In 1885 Mr. Lothmann was united in marriage to Miss Alma Miller, a daughter of the late William Miller, founder of the William Miller Range Company of Cincinnati. Two children came to brighten their home : Amy A. and 856 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Horace M., who is now a student at Williams College, Massachusetts. Mr. Lothmann is a •lover of nature and his recreations are the automobile and athletics. He is a member of the Automobile Club and the Turn Verein. From his youth he has been closely identified with the mercantile business and he was fortunate in becoming connected with a branch for which he is eminently fitted by natural talents and experience. He has kept pace with the advancement in all lines of activity and the high esteem in which he is held by his associates and acquaintances is evidence of his ability and integrity. EDWIN SAUNDERS RICKETTS, M. D. Dr. Edwin Saunders Ricketts, a distinguished Cincinnati physician, specializing in the field of abdominal surgery and gynecology, was born in Rome, Lawrence county, Ohio, May 18, 1853, and is a son of Dr. G. R. and Rachel (McLaughlin) Ricketts, deceased. .Further mention of the family is made in connection with the sketch of Dr. B. M. Ricketts elsewhere in this volume early education was acquired in the village schools and later he was graduated from Marshall College at Huntington, West Virginia, with the class of 1871. He went into the general mercantile business for four years at Proctorville, Ohio, and at the same time studied medicine tinder the direction of his father, having determined to make its practice his life work. He completed his professional course in the Miami Medical College in March,. 1877, and located in Portsmouth,. Ohio, where he opened an office and remained for ten years, engaging in the general practice of medicine. In 1887, for the purpose of further study along special lines, he went to Europe and spent a year in England and on Ilk continent, studying under Mr. Lawson Tate, of Birmingham, England, who directed his researches in abdominal surgery and gynecology, while for a time he also studied under Dr..Granville Bantock, of London. He served in the Frauen Clinics under Dr. Henri Martin, of Berlin, Germany, and pursued his investigations in the Gynecological Clinic under Dr. Pierre Budot at the Hospital of Paris. Further knowledge came to him through his connection with the Hospital of Vienna and he also visited and investigated methods in various hospitals of Rome, Florence and Naples. In 1888 he returned to America, having spent one year in study and. research, and, thus. splendidly equipped for additional responsibilities of a professional character, he opened an office in Cincinnati, where he has made his home since August, 1888. He limits his, practice to abdominal surgery and gynecology and his work is done strictly by appointment. His Practice extends over the states of Ohio, Indiana, West Virginia, Kentucky and other sections of the country, and not only the public but the profession largely regards him as an authority upon subjects connected with his specialty. He is an honorary member of the Hempstead Memorial Academy of Medicine of Portsmouth, the Virginia State Medical Society and is an ex-president of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. He was also at one time president of the Cincinnati Obstetrical Society and belongs to the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 859 was formerly a member of the British Medical Society and is also an ex-member of the British Gynecological Society. On the 31st of October, 1877, Dr. Ricketts was married to Miss Romaine E. McCormick, a daughter of John R. and Sallie McCormick, of Gallipolis, Ohio. Mrs. Ricketts died January 17, 1886, leaving a son, Halliday M., married to Miss Ottilie Steinborn, February 22, 1910; they now have one son. Girard P. Ricketts. Dr. Ricketts has comparatively little time for social interests, for he is constantly overburdened by the professional demands made upon him. it is well, therefore, that he finds genuine pleasure and delight in his work. He has carried his researches and investigations far beyond that of thverage practitioner and has been a prolific writer upon special subjects for medical journals. With a nature that could,never be content with mediocrity he has worked his way steadily upward, finding his reward not only in material gain but in that deeper satisfaction which comes with a consciousness of service well performed and a sense of the value of one's aid to his fellowmen. PHILIP F. HEYL. Philip F. Heyl has for twenty-two years been connected with the lumber interests of Cincinnati, during the last fourteen of which he has been operating a yard on West Sixth street. Although of American parentage he was born in Bermuda,. his birth occurring in 1868, and he is a son of James and Malvina (Eve) Heyl. His father was born and reared in the United States, but as his health was delicate resided in the islands, where he was long engaged in the drug business. Reared at home, Philip F. Heyl spent the first nineteen years of his life in the Bermudas, receiving his education in the English schools. When old enough to begin his business career he came to the United States, locating in Columbus, Ohio. He obtained employment in one of the lumber offices of that city, and as he liked the work and felt he would like to make it his life vocation, applied himself assiduously to the mastery of every detail of the business. As he was most ambitious to succeed in whatever he undertook and realizing that one of the first essentials was thoroughness, he made a careful study of the various woods, while he read extensively on forestry and kept in touch with the market reports. At the expiration of three years he felt that he was qualified to begin for himself in a small way, so he came to, Cincinnati, where he has ever since been located. Mr. Heyl's rise in the commercial world has not been phenomenal in any sense of the word, but has been that of the conscientious man whose progress s made on individual effort, its epochs never marked by another's loss. His business has increased steadily from year to year, and he now handles the output of several mills and has a large yard located at No. 1215 to 1219 West Sixth street. He makes a specialty of hardwood and southern pine, and is doing an extensive business in the central states, his shipments increasing annually in both number and quantity. 860 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Heyl married Miss Helen Browne, a daughter of P. C. Browne of this city, and to them have been born five children : Helen, Jean, Edith, Marion and Julia. In matters of faith Mr. and Mrs. Heyl are Episcopalians, and affiliate with the Advent church. He is very public-spirited and takes an active interest in promoting every movement that he deems at all likely to redound to the highest interests of the community. HENRY H. FRICKE. The wholesale and retail baking interests of Cincinnati find a capable representative in Henry H. Fricke, who is still conducting the business he founded here more than forty years ago. His birth occurred in this city in 1854 and he is a son of Henry Herman and Mary Sophia (Lilley) Fricke. His father was a native of the province of Westphalia, Prussia, where he was reared and educated, at the same time acquiring a thorough training in agricultural pursuits. Having determined to become a citizen of the new world he took passage for the United States in 1832, landing in Baltimore after spending three months in a sailing vessel on the Atlantic. Together with Louis Duhme, who became a pioneer jeweler of this city, he went overland to Pittsburg, coming_ down the river from there on a flat boat to Cincinnati. He obtained employment with William Resor, who was engaged in the stove business, continuing in his service for many years. With the rapid development of the city Mr. Fricke recognized a growing need for a larger and better supply of small fruits and vegetables, so decided to engage in truck gardening. He, therefore, withdrew from his position and sent to Germany for the seeds of several vegetables not common in this vicinity at that time, among them being asparagus and cauliflower, and turned his attention toward agricultural pursuits. His was one of the first market gardens in this section and proved to be most lucrative, its cultivation occupying his entire attention during the remainder of his active career. He was a very capable and enterprising man and at one time conducted a general store at what was formerly known as Van Weddings, on the Big Four Railroad, when Dearborn county, Indiana, was first being opened up. He moved from there to Cincinnati, where he took part in public affairs. Henry H. Fricke obtained a good practical education in the common schools of this city, and at the age of seventeen years engaged in business for himself. In 1871 he established his baking plant, learning the business as he went along, and two years later he extended his activities by adding a wholesale department, and began supplying the groceries, hotels and restaurants. He is very practical, yet progressive in his ideas and has always made a careful study of his business, constantly striving to improve not only his products but his methods of manufacture. There is less bread baked in the home every year, and considered hygienically this has many commendable features. Owing to the greater precaution and more rigid observance of the laws of sanitation in all plants where foodstuffs are produced, the laws of science are being more carefully followed in the factory than in the average household. Baking is recog- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 861 nized as a science, and every member of the profession of recognized standing at the present time has a thorough knowledge of all of the facts pertaining to fermentation and the effects of varying and different temperatures, as well as an understanding of the chemical action that takes place during the process of faking. Mr. Fricke has always adopted in the operation of his plant every own device that would be conducive to greater cleanliness during the various processes. He was the first baker in Cincinnati to install a mechanical dough mixer, this was a French invention and had been exhibited at the Centennial. Its introduction caused trouble to arise between him and his employes, who maintained that he was trying to supplant human labor by the introduction of mechanical devices that would necessitate the employment of less people. It was not long before he demonstrated to them, however, that the greater demand for his products owing to the use of this contrivance, required the services of more help rather than less. He still has his first machine and it is as good as ever and works as perfectly today as when first installed. His business has steadily increased from year to year since it was established and he now gives employment to fifteen people. Their patrons are almost entirely confined to Cincinnati, although they make some shipments within a radius of a hundred miles. For his wife Mr. Fricke chose Miss Cynthia B. Greenham, a daughter of Samuel and Eliza Ann (Van Kirk) Greenham. Her father, who passed away at the age of sixty-three years, was a native of Cincinnati, but the most of his life was spent in Carthage, although during his later years he lived in Walnut Hills. He was engaged in many lines of business, and was a man of considerable wealth, having inherited a large estate from his father. In his early manhood he operated a canal boat between Cincinnati and Carthage, while he subsequently conducted a dry-goods store in the latter city. He was a man of generous impulses and never hesitated to give assistance to those less fortunately situated; being a liberal contributor to all worthy causes or charities. His father was Joseph Greenham, who was born and reared in Somersetshire, England, and came to America through a most unforeseen but none the less welcome circumstance. An elder brother, Daniel, had been fitted out with money and clothing as well as passage for the United States, but on seeing the ocean the young man's courage failed him and he begged to remain at home. Joseph then stepped up to his father and asked that he might be permitted to go in his brother's place, permission being granted, the exchange of clothing and money was quickly effected and the young man set sail for America in search of his fortune. He located in Cincinnati in the early part of the last century and subsequently engaged in the operation of a distillery. He was one of the first to engage in this business in this section of the state and acquired great wealth, being a man of unusual business ability. Samuel Greenham donated the Hamilton County Fair Grounds and built the amphitheatre thereon, with the understanding that the premises were always to be used for the purpose for which they had been given. He was a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity, having attained the rank of a thirty-third degree member in the Scottish Rite and he built and furnished the lodge room in Carthage and gave it to his order. In the community in which he resided there are many public benefactions that 862 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY stand as a monument to the memory of this man, who never saw a need in either private or public life but that it was his desire to supply it. He possessed many most estimable personal qualities that won for him the regard of those he came in contact with, his friends being practically coextensive with his acquaintances. Of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Fricke there have been born two sons : Arthur C., who is an attorney, and was elected judge of police court of the city of Cincinnati, at the November election, 1911 ; and Chester, who is associated in business with his father. During the long period of his connection with business life Mr. Fricke has witnessed the great changes effected in American commercial methods through the innovations introduced by modern inventions, many of whioh have been instrumental factors in promotinREIBERGn prosperity. JULIUS FREIBERG It would be difficult to designate the field of activity in which the efforts of Julius Freiberg have been of most importance, for his labors and business judgment were features of advancement in all the different commercial and manufacturing enterprises with which he was associated, and at the same time he figured as one of the most patriotic citizens and as a philanthropist. Few men in all the history of the city have done as much for public progress or for the benefit of their fellows, for a kindly, charitable spirit prompted him at all times to reach out a helping hand to those in need. He was born May 1, 1823, in New Leiningen, Rhenish Bavaria, Germany, and his life record spanned the intervening years to the 7th of December, 1905. He was a young man of twenty-four years when he came to America, thinking to have better business opportunities than seemed possible to obtain in the older world. He located first in Williamstown, Kentucky, where he was engaged in general merchandising for several years. While there he became acquainted with many distillers and also learned the fact that Kentucky whisky was scarcely known outside of the state at that time. In 1852 he brought to Cincinnati the first Bourbon whisky sold here for trade purposes. His first business enterprise in Cincinnati was the manufacture of vinegar but in 1853 he formed a partnership with his brother-in-law, Levi J. Workum, under the firm style of Freiberg & Workum, and began the sale of whisky, selling only to the jobbing trade, in which line the firm has continued to this day. This firm built the Lynchburg distillery in 1857 and throughout the years since its establishment the business has continuously grown. Their first location was a small store at 20 Sycamore street but in 1858 the demands of their trade were such that larger quarters were secured at Nos. 13 and 15 Sycamore street. They sold only to the jobbing and wholesale trade and not a distillery in the country has been so long operated by one firm without change or interruption as the Lynchburg distillery which was purchased by the firm in 1857. In 1867 the Boone County Distillery was acquired and was steadily operated and enlarged until 1899, when it was sold. In 1866 the building surrounded by Baum, Produce and Kirby alleys, in Cincinnati, was purchased and used as a bonded Class B warehouse until bonded warehouses of that kind were abolished by the government. It was then transformed into a redistilling and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 865 rectifying house and is so used today. In 1869 the firm removed its office to Nos. 28 and 30 Main street and in 1895 to Nos. 216 to 220 East Front street where it remains. No change occurred in the personnel of the firm until 1883, when upon the death of Levi J. Workum his two sons, Ezekiel L. and Jeptha L., were admitted to a partnership, together with J. Walter and Maurice J. Freiberg, sons of Julius Freiberg. The death of the former two occurred in 1896, since which time the business has been conducted by the surviving partners. It was on the 13th of February, 1856, that Mr. Freiberg was united in marriage to Miss Duffle Workum, a daughter of Jacob and Sarah Workum. The death of Mrs. Freiberg occurred in 1903, about two years before her husband passed away. They are survived by two sons, J. Walter and Maurice J., who are their father's successors in business, and four daughters : Minnie, the wife of Dr. Joseph Ransohoff ; Sallie, now Mrs. Edward S. Heinsheimer ; Clara, now Mrs. Jonas B. Frenkel ; and Jeannette, the wif e of Dr. Albert H. Freiberg. The home relations were very ideal. Mr. Freiberg was most devoted to the welfare of his family and found his greatest happiness in promoting their comfort and pleasure. He ever loved to entertain his friends, who were many, and the hospitality of his home became proverbial. In addition to his other business Mr. Freiberg was a director of several of the prominent insurance companies of the city and was connected with several financial and manufacturing concerns. His sagacity was keen, his judgment sound and his energy enabled him to carry forward to successful completion whatever he undertook. While he was particularly successful in business, yet as a citizen and a philanthropist he was equally widely known. His record is one of which Cincinnati has every reason to be proud because of his works of charity and his patriotic devotion to the community. His aid and cooperation could always be counted upon to further any movement or measure for the public good and his fellow townsmen, appreciative of his worth and his loyalty to the general welfare, elected him as their representative to the Ohio constitutional convention of 1873. His high standing in the public regard and the confidence reposed in him are indicated by the fact that he was chosen by both parties. He was very prominent in the deliberations of that body and his clear insight into present and possible situations made his opinions of worth in framing the organic law of the state. He was never an office seeker in the usually accepted sense of the term but when the public sought his cooperation he was always ready. His charitable Work made continuous demands upon his time and energies. He was elected vice president of the Home for Jewish. Aged and Infirm; was a director of the Jewish Hospital ; vice president of the board of governors of the Hebrew Union College ; and president of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations. Nor was his liberality confined to the people of his own race, he extended a helping hand wherever aid was needed, for his life was in no way narrow. He was a man of fine physique and most pleasing personal appearance. He died at the age of eighty-two years and the record which was thus closed was ever a most honorable one. The Chamber of Commerce of which he had long been a worthy and helpful member drafted the following memorial : "Julius Freiberg, an honorary member of this association, who was called from earth to his eternal rest on Thursday, December 7, 1905, at the ripe age of eighty-two years, has paid nature's debt, leaving a glorious heritage of 866 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY an upright life, exemplary not alone in his conduct as a merchant and leading manufacturer of our city but also did he leave the impress of his honorable and useful career as a citizen upon the city of his adoption through the many channels of his busy life. We feel confident there is no exaggeration in asserting that no merchant, manufacturer or citizen of our beloved Cincinnati has contributed more to its good name, its development, growth and prosperity than did he. The thousands of denizens whom he helped by employment and thus ennobled honest labor will with us bear testimony that his pleasant smile, cheery words, his manly handshake, will ever remain a sweet and pleasant reminder of his good and noble life. In all that appertains to the qualities of a peerless merchant he was indeed a true ideal. His word was equal to his bond and all who had the good fortune to have had business connections with him will bear uniform testimony to his high integrity of character, his unflinching honesty and loyalty to each and all obligations. In his demise we have indeed lost a strong pillar of our association. He became a member of our Chamber, January 7, 1861, and so impressed himself upon the membership by a career of rectitude and usefulness'' that the Chamber in September, 1894, conferred upon him the highest honor within its gift, that of honorary member for life. It is not alone his career and conduct as a member of our Chamber that we can proudly point to, but likewise in the capacity of his cosmopolitan citizenship he was ever ready to serve the best interests of the municipality, supporting liberally every measure for the advancement and improvement of the city of his residence. Already in the year 1872 the good people of Cincinnati recognized his unimpeachable uprightness and sound judgment and elected him a member of the Ohio constitutional convention of 1873 and during the whole time of its prolonged session he faithfully and conscientiously attended the duties of that distinguished assemblage ; and our honored fellow citizen, Hon. Rufus King, its presiding officer, frequently extolled in high terms the able assistance and wise counsel which Mr. Freiberg gave and contributed to the deliberations of that convention. He served as a member of the board of sinking fund trustees from 1896 to 1901 by appointment of the superior court of Cincinnati, giving freely of his time and talents to the best interests of our city and constantly studying hard and advising frequently with our leading public men and financiers as to the best and most useful policies and methods to pursue in order to promote and further elevate the already high credit of our city, resigning only when his failing health prevented him from any longer performing what he conceived to be his loyal duty. He was naturally a leader and a strong one, and thousands of us who were fortunate enough to frequently serve with him in the consideration of public enterprises or charitable projects or to succor the distressed in any section of our own or other countries, can testify that his strong and concisely expressed convictions frequently carried the day and made men's minds yield to the lucid views which he so pathetically urged in behalf of the suffering and needy. If there was one virtue more than another possessed by our dear friend it was his broad toleration. He loved all men irrespective of creed or nationality, and an appeal from suffering humanity, from whatever source it came, brought forth from Julius Freiberg at all times a hearty and generous response. Though we deeply mourn his loss his life work is well completed and we are justified in thanking the Giver of all good things that such a man as Julius Freiberg lived." CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 867 Mr. Freiberg never sought to figure prominently in public life or to keep himself in the public eye, and yet he left an indelible impress upon the community by reason of the fact that in the performance of his daily duties and in his recognition of his obligations to his fellowmen his life reached out in helpful spirit toward the individual and the city. His name is inscribed high on the roll of those whom Cincinnati honors. ROBERT BONNER BOWLER. Robert Bonner Bowler, one of the wealthy and leading residents of Cincinnati, was called to his final rest on the 16th of September, 1902, his demise occurring at the family home—"Mount Storm" in Clifton. From 1894 until 1898, by appointment cif President Cleveland, he served as comptroller of currency. He was a lawyer by profession and enjoyed an extensive and lucrative practice. His birth occurred in Clifton, in the house where his widow still resides, his natal day being January 17, 1856. He was the first child baptized in the old Episcopal church at the corner of LaFayette and Clifton avenues. His parents, R. B. and Susan L. (Pendleton) Bowler, were representatives of two of the wealthiest families of Cincinnati. The father, a native of Providence, Rhode Island, came to this city as a young man, residing first on Fourth street, between Lawrence and Pike streets. At the time of his marriage he purchased a tract of seventy acres of land in Clifton from the old LaFayette Bank, erected a fine mansion thereon and took up his abode therein. On one occasion, when he drove out to look at the place, a great storm came up and thereafter he called his new home “Mount Storm." He was successfully engaged in business as a wholesale dry-goods merchant and was, moreover, a great lover of roses. While his .home was in course of construction he took a fancy to one of the young laborers and after the building was completed offered him a position as steward. The young man gladly accepted and served him for more than fifty years or until the time of his death. This man became one of the greatest growers of roses in the United States and was sent to Europe by Mr. Bowler to study. The wife of R. B. Bowler was a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of Nathaniel Green and Jessie (Hunt) Pendleton. She was very active in church work and was the one most interested in founding the old Episcopal church at the corner of LaFayette and Clifton avenues. The first meetings were held in her home, the same in which our subject's widow lives, and the first two clergymen of the church resided with her. Both she and her husband were buried in the Spring Grove cemetery. They reared the following children to years of maturity : George P., who is now deceased ; Robert B., of this review ; and Louise F., the wife of John C. Livingston of New York. Robert Bonner Bowler attended school in the east and later continued his studies at Paris and Dresden but did not graduate from college because of delicate health. He visited England in 1877 and on the 8th of August of that year married Alice Barnard Williamson, the wedding ceremony being performed in the home of her parents at St. George's, Hanover Square, London. The young couple made a tour of the world and then returned to Cincinnati, Mr. 868 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Bowler assuming management of the Kentucky Central Railway, which was a portion of his father's estate. Subsequently he took up the study of law under Rufus King and in 1888 was admitted to the bar. In 1890 he was elected mayor of Clifton, which was then an incorporated village. In 1892 he was a candidate for congress on the democratic ticket but was defeated by the Hon. Bellamy Storer. At the beginning of his second administration President Cleveland appointed Mr. Bowler to the office of comptroller of currency, which the latter ably filled from 1894 until 1898. Returning to Cincinnati, Mr. Bowler was engaged in the practice of law in association with Harlan Cleveland until the time of his fatal illness. He was a graduate of the Cincinnati Law School and gained a reputation as one of the most able practitioners at the Cincinnati bar. During his term of office under Cleveland the famous sugar bounty cases were decided by him and later by the supreme court. In May, 1902, Mr. Bowler fell a victim to malaria and was afterward sent to Murray Bay, Canada, in the hope that the change of climate would restore his health. His condition became so serious, however, that it was thought best to remove him to his home and he was brought back to Clifton in a private car. Death overtook him there and the funeral services were held in Calvary church of Clifton, his remains being interred in the Spring Grove cemetery. Mr. Bowler was a stalwart democrat and took an active part in local and national politics, acting during one or more campaigns as chairman of the Hamilton county campaign committee. He was likewise prominent in various matters of public interest, serving as treasurer of the May Festival Association for a number of years and as president in 1901. He was a zealous churchman and for many years served as vestryman of Calvary Episcopal church in Clifton. He was an earnest and consistent Christian. It is our duty to mark our appreciation of such a man—a man true in every relation of life, faithful to every trust. To Mr. and Mrs. Bowler were born three children, one son and two daughters. Robert Bonner, living in New Jersey, wedded Miss Charlotte E. Miller, of New York, by whom he has two children, Robert B. and Catherine W. Jane Williamson and Alice Williamson Bowler reside at home with their mother on the beautiful estate of seventy acres in Clifton. PETER HERBERT. Peter Herbert, who is an exclusive dealer in high-class furniture and household furnishings in Cincinnati, was born in Germany, on the 12th of December,. 1847. His father, J. A. Herbert, was a silk weaver of such rare skill and workmanship that he was excused from serving in the German army, it being considered that he was too valuable to be spared from the looms that wove the royal garments because of his artistic ability. He was one of a family of five children and with the exception of one who was killed by accident all lived to be over eighty years of age. The mother of our subject was a direct descendant of King Wenzel of Bohemia and lived to the venerable age of eighty-three CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 869 years. She had ten brothers and sisters, all of whom lived to be over seventy years. Peter Herbert spent the first nineteen years of his life in his native land and was there educated and learned the cabinet-maker's trade. On coming to the United States he first located at Johnstown, Pennsylvinia, September 4, 1866, and there worked in a furniture factory until the following May, when he removed to Cincinnati and was similarly employed in this city for a short time. He next worked for a man engaged in the retail furniture business at Ironton, Ohio, and was subsequently offered an interest in the store but refused. Later he embarked in the same business on his own account and remained at Ironton until 1875, when he returned to Cincinnati and began the manufacture of furniture at this place. In 1895 he established his present business and success has attended his efforts until he is today at the head of a prosperous concern. He is an excellent judge of good workmanship, being a cabinet maker of unusual skill himself, and is well fitted for the business in which he is engaged. One of his most valued possessions is a cabinet he built at a cost of about fifteen hundred dollars. It is made of beautifully polished wood of exquisite grain and is inlaid with mother of pearl, brass and copper, as well as several varieties of wood, the design and materials used in its execution being highly artistic and pleasing owing to their effective combination. It is a rare specimen of the craftsman's art and has been awarded a number of first prizes at different fairs and exhibitions throughout the country, the one in which Mr. Herbert takes most pride naturally being bestowed upon him by the judges at the Centennial held in this city in 1888. In 1870 Mr. Herbert was united in marriage to Miss Frances Rupert, of Sciotoville, Scioto county, Ohio, and to them were born seven children, five sons and two daughters, namely : John A., who is married and has five children ; Frank A.; Clara, the wife of William Justin, of Cincinnati, and the mother of three children ; George F.; Mary ; Edward F.; and Alonzo E. The sons are all engaged in business with their father. Mr. Herbert is one of the prominent business men of Cincinnati and owes his success to his own unaided and carefully directed efforts ; he arrived in this country during his youth with no capital or influential connections and the prosperity that has come to him is but the just reward of his own industry and good management. JOHN STEWART. John Stewart is president and treasurer of the Cranford Construction Company, which has become one of the important elements in Cincinnati's industrial circles. He is a native of Washington, D. C., and was identified with the Cranford Paving Company of Washington, D. C., for seventeen years. In 1905 he went to Pittsburg as manager for the company and in 1910 he came to Cincinnati as president and treasurer of the company formed to take over the interests of the business of the Cranford Company which had grown up here. A new corporation was formed under the name of the Cranford Construction Company, which controls the trade from the Alleghanies to points west of the Mississippi 870 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and from Cincinnati to the Canadian border. In this connection he brings to bear strong executive power, a keen insight into business situations and a resolute purpose in carrying out well formulated plans. He is also interested in other enterprises and he is now the secretary of the Simplex Concrete Piling Company of Philadelphia, vice president of the Simplex Concrete Piling & Construction Company, Limited, of Montreal and Quebec, Canada, and a director of the Cranford Paving Company of Washington, D. C. In 1902 Mr. Stewart was married to Miss Caroline E. Shuman and they have a family of three daughters, namely : Christine, Avril, and Margaret Janice. He has various social connections through his membership relations to different cities, being now identified with the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati, the Pittsburg Athletic Association, the American Society of Civil Engineers, Engineers Society of Washington, D. C., and the Engineers' Club of Cincinnati. He has also attained high rank in Masonry, being a thirty-second degree member of the Scottish Rite and also a noble of Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is a typical business man of the period, enterprising and determined, feeling his way carefully in all business affairs and yet stimulated by a spirit of progressiveness that hesitates not when favorable opportunity points the way. H. WILLIAM MEIER. H. William Meier, of the firm of H. William Meier & Brother, wholesale liquor dealers, was born in Cincinnati on the 25th of September, 1862, and is a son of Louis H. and Louise Maria (Mohring) Meier. The father emigrated to the United States from Germany with his parents in 1847, being at that time but nine years of age. Here he was reared to manhood, acquiring his education in the common schools, after which he went to work in a brewery. For some years he traveled for the Lafayette Brewery, which is now out of existence, during which time he acquired a farm on the Little Miami river. Later he retired to this place in connection with the cultivation of which he conducted a tavern, known as the Little Miami House, for thirty-four years. This property is still in possession of the family and above the door appears the name of Louis H. Meier. There he passe1910,y on the 29th of August, 191o, his interment taking place at Walnut Hills cemetery on the 2d of September, which was the seventy-second anniversary of his birth. The mother still survives, continuing to make her home on the old farm at Gwendolin. The education of H. Willpublicier was acquired in the pUblic schools of Cincinnati, which he attended until he attained the age of fourteen years. Removing to the country in 1876 he assisted his father in the cultivation of the farm in the summer, while in winter he attended the Cincinnati Business College until he was graduated. During the following five years he gave his entire attention to agricultural pursuits. At the expiration of that period he came to Cincinnati and entered the employ of C. A. Gobrecht, a wholesale liquor merchant, located at the corner of Twelfth and Walnut streets. He continued in his service for five years, during which time he drove a wagon and also acted in the capacity of salesman. Subsequent to the death of Mr. Gobrecht he CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 873 became associated with a son of the latter, E. W. Gobrecht, and together they purchased the business from the widow. Five years later Mr. Meier purchased the interest of his partner, and in 1901 he took his brother, J. H., into partnership. At that time they were located at No. 122 West Court street, but two years later they removed to their present quarters, at 19 West Court street. They have been very successful and have an excellent patronage of a most desirable class. On the 21st of November, 1894, Mr. Meier was united in marriage to Miss Louise Trisch, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ferdinand Trisch, the father a pioneer baker of Cincinnati. Two children have been born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Meier, H. William, Jr., who is attending the public school, and Anna Louise, who is going to the Woodward high school. For the past twelve years the family has resided at No. 265 Gilman avenue, Mount Auburn. Mr. Meier is a member of the Masonic fraternity, having passed through thirty-two degrees of the Scottish Rite, and belonging to the Shrine. He also belongs to the Eagles and is a charter member of the Aerie which he helped to organize, in addition to which he is affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He also is a member of the Business Men's Club and the Cincinnati Commercial Association. His ballot he casts for the republican party, but has never been an aspirant to public honors or the emoluments of office, the requirements of his rapidly developing business absorbing his entire attention. WILLIAM JOHN WILLIAMS. William John Williams, president of the Western and Southern Life Insurance Company of Cincinnati, was born in this city, March 8, 1858. His father, William Gregory Williams," was a native of New York city, born in 1836. In early life he learned and followed the trade of wood carving and after .a long and active career he retired from business and is now enjoying a well earned rest. He wedded Miss Mary Ellen Donavan, who was born in Ireland in 1839 and passed away in 1895. In their family were seven children, of whom six are now J., of this review ; John T., a resident of California; Charles F., an attorney of Cincinnati; Mary Ellen and Anna, both at home; and Clara M., who is the wife of E. S. Runnells; of this city. Mr. Williams supplemented his public-school education by a course in St. Xavier College and by a .course in a commercial school, thus entering upon life's practical duties well equipped for the labors and responsibilities that might come to him. He has ever sought advancement along the lines of earnest, self-denying. labor, close application and unquestioned integrity, and one of. the secrets of his success is undoubtedly found in the fact that he has always continued in the same line of labor in which he embarked at the outset of his business career. For two years he was connected with fire insurance, in the employ of George Taylor, and subsequently was a representative of. the Knights Templar Mutual Aid Association for sixteen years. Perceiving the opportunity for the establishment of a business which would more directly benefit himself he joined with others in 1888 in organizing what is now known as the Western & Southern Vol. III-40 874 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Life Insurance Company, of which he became secretary, continuing in that office until 1910, when he was elected to the presidency. This is strictly a life company, an Ohio corporation, with offices at Fourth and Broadway, in Cincinnati. As one of its officials from the beginning Mr. Williams has had much to do with formulating and shaping its policy, with developing and systematizing its interests, and has been an effective factor in establishing the company upon a par with the older companies of the New England and eastern states. Mr. Williams married Emma J., daughter of Dr. Charles and Elizabeth A. (Kitto) Morris, of Chicago, Illinois, the latter natives of Eglesberry, Cornwall, and London, England. Mrs. Williams is one of the original founders of the Audubon Society, a member of the Woman's Club, Folk Lore Society, Story Tellers League, Indo-American League and Matinee Musical Club. Mr. and Mrs. Williams have one son, Frank Caldwell. Mr. Williams holds membership in the Masonic fraternity, being a Knights Templar and a Scottish Rite Mason of the thirty-second degree. He is an honorary member of the Life Underwriters' Association and holds membership in the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati, the Walnut Hills Business Men's Club, and the Avondale Golf Club. His entire life has been passed in this city where he is well known, not only in business circles, as a prominent representative of insurance interests, but also in social circles, where pleasing personal qualities gain the entree into good society. JOHN HILL. John Hill, president and general manager of the Hill & Griffith Company, has been a resident of Cincinnati since 1884, and since 1896 has been largely responsible for the successful conduct of the business of which he is now the head. He is a native of Georgia, his birth having occurred in the town of Dalton, Georgia, in 1863. In his native state he was reared to the age of seventeen years, when he decided to come north, thinking that perhaps he might find better business opportunities here than in his home district. For a short time he was located in Louisville, Kentucky, and thence made his way to Cincinnati, where he gained knowledge and acquired skill in the iron molder's trade. A thorough and systematic apprenticeship constituted the foundation upon which he built his later success. When his term of apprenticeship was completed he accepted a position as traveling salesman for the S. Obermayer Company, dealers in foundry supplies. His association with that concern was maintained until 1896, when in company with several others he established the Hill & Griffith Company. Their business is devoted to the manufacture of foundry supplies and in 1896 was incorporated with a capital stock of one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars. They employ about fifty men, and have an office at No. 1262 State avenue, while their works border the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad tracks near State avenue. The officers of the company are : John Hill, president and general manager ; William Oberhelman, vice president ; D. T. Richards, treasurer ; and C. A. Truesdale, secretary. Modern business methods are applied to the management of the concern and its patronage is steadily increasing as its reputation for reliability and for the excellence of its output has become more CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 875 and more widely known. Mr. Hill is a director of the West End Savings Bank & Trust Company of Cincinnati. In Petoskey, Michigan, in 1904, Mr. Hill was united in marriage to Miss Josephine Eckenorth, a native of Louisville, Kentucky. They have since been residents of Cincinnati and their home has become the center of a cultured social circle. Mr. Hill belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and has much of that fraternal spirit which recognizes the brotherhood of mankind and the mutual obligations that it imposes. LOUIS H. NOLTE. Louis H. Nolte is the secretary and general manager of the Cranford Construction Company. He was born in Cincinnati in 1874, a son of Herman and Carolina (Weghorst) Nolte, who were married in Cincinnati. The father, however, was a native of Hanover, Germany, and in 1840 crossed the Atlantic to the new world, taking up his abode in this city. His wife, whose birth occurred in Minden, Prussia, Germany, was brought to the United States in her girlhood days. Herman Nolte was but a boy when the long voyage was made across the Atlantic in company with his father, Christopher Nolte, who in that year brought his family. Herman Nolte became a contractor for limestone masonry work and followed in the same line of business until his death, which occurred in 1898. His wife survived him for about four years, and passed away in 1902. In their family were four sons and a daughter, of whom one son, George, died in infancy, as did a daughter, leaving the surviving members of the family, Charles H., Louis H. and Edward H. As a pupil in the public schools Louis H. Nolte passed through the consecutive grades and at the age of sixteen left the Hughes high school in order to cross the threshold of the business world. He entered the employ of the Kircher Construction Company, with which he continued for three or four years in outside work, mostly as timekeeper. About 1894 he took charge of his father's business which had become involved, and closed it up about 1897. He then returned to the Kircher Construction Company with which he continued until February, 1902, when he became connected with the Ferro Construction Company as assistant superintendent of the Ingalls building. He was afterward superintendent of the Cincinnati work for the Ferro Company until 1905, when he went to Louisville, Kentucky, spending a year as superintendent of the erection of the Belknap building. On the expiration of that period he went to Atlanta, Georgia, where he was in control of the erection of the Louisville & Nashville Terminal Warehouse Station, a structure eight hundred and thirty-five feet long and five stories in height, of reinforced concrete work. On severing his connections with the Ferro Company, in 1907 he organized the Nolte Construction Company and built the Lunkenheimer reinforced foundry building, which is three hundred feet long with a floor space of two hundred thousand square feet. While thus engaged he became acquainted with John Stewart and this meeting ultimately resulted in the organization of the Cranford Construction Company, of which Mr. Stewart is president and treasurer, J. H. Cran- 876 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ford the vice president, and Louis H. Nolte the secretary and general manager. Their business is today one of the largest enterprises of this character west of the Alleghanies and is constantly growing. Long practical experience has splendidly qualified Mr. Nolte for the onerous and responsible duties that devolve upon him in his official capacity and at all times he is keenly alive to the possibilities of every new avenue opened in the natural ramifications -of trade. He has focused his energies in directions where fruition is certain and in his business life has proven himself a persistent, resolute and energetic worker, possessing as well strong executive powers. In 1910 Mr. Nolte was united in marriage to Miss Alvina Marchmann, of Madisonville, Ohio, a daughter of Theodore and Louise (Kolthoff) Marchmann, one of the old families of Walnut Hills. A son has been born of this marriage, Louis Marchmann Nolte. Mr. Nolte is widely known beyond his business connections for he is a member of Vattier Lodge, F. & A. M.; Walnut Hills Chapter, R. A. M.; Cincinnati Consistory, A. A. S. R.; and Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, as is evidenced by the fact that he is a member of the Norwood Republican Club. He also belongs to the Engineers Club of Cincinnati and is a member of the First Presbyterian church of Walnut Hills. His life has been actuated by an honorable purpose and he stands with those who regard business as only one phase of existence, never allowing it to exclude his active participation in other affairs which are vital and significant forces in life. CAPTAIN LEONIDAS H. PUMMILL. Captain Leonidas H. Pummill, a highly respected attorney of Cincinnati, gained his title in defense of the Union in the Civil war. He was born in this. city, February 16, 1845, a son of Colonel John and Judith (Battie) Pummill.. The father also demonstrated his patriotism when the flag was assailed.. He was a native of Ross county, Ohio, and after growing to manhood engaged. in. the carriage manufacturing business under the title of Pummill & Paine. In response to the call of President Lincoln he enlisted as a private in the Fifth. Ohio. Cavalry in 1861 and was made first sergeant. He was brevetted for gallantry at the battle of Shiloh and commissioned second lieutenant, rising gradually to the rank of colonel of the regiment in which he had enlisted as private. He. was a brave and true-hearted man and whether in the army or in private life exhibited at all times the character of noble citizenship. In his later years he was night superintendent of the Cincinnati Hospital. He died in 1884, at the age of. sixty-eight, having gained recognition as one of the substantial and useful men, of the city. He was not identified with any religious denomination but was a. valued. member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Leonidas H. Pummill received his early education in the public schools and the .Woodward high school. Upon leaving the high school in April, 1864; he enlisted in the one hundred day service as a private in Company G, One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was advanced to corporal. Later CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 879 he reenlisted as a private in the One Hundred and Eighty-first Ohio Volunteer Regiment and mustered in as a first lieutenant. He performed his duties with such interest and ability that he was honorably discharged and mustered out as captain of his company July 29, 1865. After returning home he studied law under General Thomas T. Heath and subsequently matriculated in the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in 1871. He has since engaged alone in general' practice but has made a specialty of fire insurance law and was the originator of the unique plan on which the Buckeye and Central Fire Insurance Associations were organized. He is secretary of both associations and has copyrighted the plan of organization. The Buckeye Fire Insurance Association is a mutual protective company and was incorporated in 1905. It confines its business to Ohio and writes insurance on all classes of property. The laws of Ohio provide that in case of loss or expense assessments may be levied upon each member of an association in proportion to the amount of insurance he carries. The plan originated by Mr. Pummill requires each member to deposit with the company, at the time his membership is accepted, the amount of premium usually charged by stock companies for carrying the same risk. This deposit is made with the association in trust to be assessed against for the payment of losses and expenses so that there is always available a fund to meet these contingencies. The plan was adopted because it was found that if a company waits until after a fire to levy an assessment the expense incident to sending out notices is quite heavy and only about fifty-five per cent of the assessment is usually collected. Very early in the history of the association the state insurance department of Ohio held that the plan was unlawful, claiming that the association had no right to collect assessments in advance of losses. A test case was brought and was carried' to the supreme court of Ohio, which decided in favor of the association. Every possible measure either through litigation in the courts or by legislative enactment has been attempted to defeat the association but in every instance the association has won, thus vindicating the judgment of its attorney. Its success in securing business has been very satisfactory and is now carrying about one million, two hundred thousand dollars insurance. The Central Fire Insurance Association is constructed on the same general lines as the Buckeye and has been in .existence about two years. During all the struggles Mr. Pummill has: stood firmly at the helm and his knowledge of law and business principles has enabled him to guide the ship into smooth waters. He has never sought personal emolument, as he has been actuated principally by a desire to place the mutual fire insurance business on a safe and substantial basis. In 1873 Captain Pummill was married at Cincinnati to Ida Cook, a daughter of Carter Cook, and they have one son, Stanley C., who is cashier of the Unity Bank of this city. Captain Pummill is a member of the Hartwell Meth- odist Episcopal church. He has been for many years connected with the Masonic order and is identified with Hoffner Lodge, F. & A. M.; Cumminsville Chapter, R. A. M., of which he is an ex-high priest; Cincinnati Commandery, K. T.; and Ohio Consistory, S. P. R. S., having attained the thirty-second degree in Scottish Rite Masonry. A man of unimpeachable character and remarkably thorough knowledge of law and of legal procedure, he has gained high standing in his profession. His is no accidental success but it is the just reward of industry and perseverance. While other men were thinking of carrying out 880 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY projects he has advanced them to completion. He has been scrupulously honorable in professional and private affairs and bears a reputation for integrity second to that of no other man in Cincinnati. JOHN J. WEITZEL. While a practicing attorney of Cincinnati and well known in professional connections in this city, John J. Weitzel is perhaps more widely known through the country at large as the National Councilor of the Junior Order United American Mechanics. He was born in Cincinnati, June 3, 1874, a son of George and Amelia (Hettrick) Weitzel. His mother was born at Carthage, near Cincinnati, but his father is a native of Germany and has served as United States Internal Revenue gauger at Cincinnati, where he still makes his home. The son acquired his preliminary education in the local schools. After leaving school, in 1888, he secured a position in the office of Rufus B. Smith, attorney at law. He started modestly as office boy, and accompanied Judge Smith as messenger of the court, when he was elected judge of superior court. Here the real germ of the future John J. Weitzel was planted and from which germinated a desire for legal knowledge which stimulated the ambitious and progressive youth to assiduous study of law in the jury room and in the wee small hours of the night, terminating in admission to the bar on June 20, 1900. Mr. Weitzel has been connected continually since with Judge Smith, being now his associate in the practice of law. On the 26th of June, 1895, Mr. Weitzel was married to Miss Julia Rothert, of Cincinnati, a daughter of Henry Rothert, and to them were born two children; Hazel Elizabeth and Ruth Amelia, but the former died October 12, 1897. Mr. Weitzel is a member of the Cincinnati Bar Association and also belongs to the Masonic fraternity, being a past master of Cynthia Lodge, No. 155, F. & A. M. He also belongs to the General W. T. Sherman Council No. 484, National Union, having served as secretary for several years, Abraham Lincoln Camp of the Sons of Veterans, Home Protective League of America, having served as first vice president, and is also counselor thereof, and for many years has been prominent in the Junior Order United American Mechanics. In June, 1911, he was elected to the highest office that the latter organization can bestow—that of National Councilor. He has been a member of this order for sixteen years and has held every position from the most subordinate to the one which he now occupies. He likewise holds membership with Woodward Council No. 55, Daughters of America, which is an auxiliary to the Junior Order United American Mechanics, and is now Past National Councilor of the order, an honor conferred upon him by the National Council in appreciation of his services to the order. This is the first instance of the kind known in the order. He organized and established the Hamilton County Immigration Bureau, of which he is counselor, and is an interested and active participant in many movements which promote the growth and upbuilding of the city and look to the furtherance of its substantial progress. He has appeared before many public committees, and on CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 881 the 21st day of May, 1910, he appeared before the committee on immigration and naturalization of the national house of representatives at Washington, D. C., on behalf of the order. He is indeed very popular particularly with the members of the Junior Order United American Mechanics, and on behalf of the order has presented more American flags to public and high schools than any other man. After his election as National Councilor at Tiffin, Ohio, he returned to his home in Cincinnati, June 24, 1911, and was met at the Grand Central Depot, by fully three thousand members of the order, headed by a troop of mounted patrolmen, brass bands and fireworks. He was given an enthusiastic ovation. Mr. Weitzel was then escorted to Memorial Hall where a reception and entertainment was held in his honor, hundreds being turned away, as the hall was literally packed from floor to dome. On the following Tuesday, Woodward Council No. 49, of which he is a member, gave him an elaborate banquet at the Grand Hotel. Three hundred members gathered to ,extend fraternal greetings and congratulations to their distinguished fellow-member. He has been given more banquets, receptions and gifts than any member of the order. WILLIAM F. GALLE. From a clerical position to the present ownership of a thriving manufacturing and. shipping industry is the noteworthy rise accomplished by William F. Galle, of the lumber company operating under the same name. In the opinion of his business associates he is looked upon as a man of scrupulous honesty, possessing that energy and force of character which are impelled by a wholesome ambition. He was born in Cincinnati in 1873, his parents being August H. and Fredericka (Peters) Galle. His father was a native of Germany and when about seventeen years of age crossed the Atlantic in order to avail himself of larger business opportunities in the new hemisphere. Finding his way west over the Alleghanies, he settled in Cincinnati and here secured a position with Amor Smith & Company, remaining in their employ for more than forty-five years until he at length retired. During the latter portion of his connection with this firm he acted in the capacity of superintendent, discharging his duties with utmost fidelity to the advancement of the business interests of his employers. William F. Galle obtained his education in Hughes high school and thereafter became bookkeeper in the firm of A. Renesch & Company. He remained with them for a time when he found an opportunity to improve his position and in consequence entered the employ of J. Ringeman & Company, where he worked in a similar capacity. Ever mindful of the ideal of economic freedom which he cherished in his heart, he watched his opportunities With a shrewd eye and a bold spirit. When the time was ripe he severed his connections with the firm in which he was employed and in February, 1901, engaged in the lumber business for himself, operating under the firm style of William F. Galle & Company. How fortunate was the result of the step which he then took is evidenced in the increasing prosperity of the business. He is a manufacturer and wholesale dealer of hardwood lumber and began in a small way to supply the local market. 882 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY The firm, which has increased its business to the present remarkable proportions, is chiefly employed in furnishing the lumber materials for the manufacture of furniture, carriages, automobile trucks and for interior finishing. They have mills in Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana and ship extensively throughout the middle states and the east, handling about twelve million feet of lumber annually. The marriage of Mr. Galle and Miss Louise Rodman, a daughter of F. K. Rodman, of Cincinnati, occurred January 5, 1911. Mr. Galle is very active and enthusiastic in his fraternal relations. He belongs to the Masonic order, being a member of Harmony Lodge, F. & A. M.; Cincinnati Chapter, R. A. M.; Cincinnati Commandery, K. T.; Cincinnati Council, R. & S. M.; Ohio Consistory, S. P. R. S.; and Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also holds membership in the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and in the Hoo Hoo, a lumber organization. Ever a genial companion, he is held in high favor, both in social and commercial circles, in Cincinnati, where he has a host of friends. FRANK A. ROTHIER. Prominent among the insurance men of Cincinnati is Frank A. Rothier, who has been engaged in the insurance business in this city for more than forty years and during the greater part of the time named has occupied positions of large responsibility. He was born in New York city, September 30, 1854, and is a son of J. A. and M. A. Rothier. The family is of French origin, the grandfather of our subject being the first member of the family to locate in America. The father first came to Cincinnati in 1856 and was for many years identified with mercantile business in this city. At the time of the Civil war Mr. Rothier was commissioned as captain of the Home Guard by Governor Brough and assisted in the defense of the city when it was threatened by invasion from the south. He died in 1904, at the age of seventy-seven, and his wife was called away in 1900, at the age .of seventy years. They are buried in Spring Grove cemetery. Frank A. Rothier attended. the public schools and Woodward high school, graduating from the latter in 1871. Immediately after leaving the high school he became connected with the insurance business and in 1872 entered the employ of the Cincinnati Underwriters Agency. He began as clerk and advanced through various grades until he became secretary and treasurer and member of the board of directors of the agency. In 1889 he was elected president, a position which he has ever since held. The agency controls the Eureka Fire & Marine and Security Insurance Companies of Cincinnati and is one of the leading concerns of the kind in the city. The Eureka Company was organized by Cincinnati men in 1864 with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars and the' Security, in 1881, with a capital of one hundred and fifty thousand. The success of both companies has been highly gratifying and indicates sound and progressive management. Mr. Rothier has not confined his attention entirely to the insurance field but is actively identified with other interests, being president of the Louisville & Cincinnati Packet Company and vice president of the consolidated Boat Store Company. CINCINNATI—THE. QUEEN CITY - 883. Orr the, 20th of May, 1879, he was married, at Covington, Kentucky, to Miss Lura Baker, a daughter of Judge Baker, and they have one daughter, Anna Lee, who is a graduate of the Armstrong school. Mr. and Mrs. Rothier have for many years made their home in Covington and are prominent in social circles of that place. He has devoted the principal years of his life to the insurance business and, as he possesses special aptitude for this calling, he soon demonstrated his ability. He has been successful financially and also enjoys in an unqualified measure the confidence of his associates and acquaintances. In politics he supports the democratic party. He has made a close study of freemasonry and has taken the degrees of the York Rite and' is also a Shriner. Socially he is a valued member of the fort Mitchell Golf Club. JACOB CHANDLER HARPER. Jacob Chandler Harper, who comes from ancestry, in the maternal as well as paternal line, which has been traced to the Colonial period preceding the Revolutionary war, is a successful lawyer of Cincinnati. He was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, August 17, 1858, a son of Samuel Harper, who was. also a native of the Keystone state. The father was a highly educated man and was a professor of chemistry. The mother, Sarah Phillips, a teacher before. her marriage, was born in Pennsylvania, February 26, 1830, and died in Cincinnati, September 9, 1909. Of the six children in the family of Mr. and Mrs. Harper, three are now living: Jacob Chandler ; Benjamin Franklin, who is a minister, of the Presbyterian church and is now located at Milton, Oregon ; and Isaac Phillips, who is married and resides in Cleveland, Ohio. Jacob C. Harper received his early education in the common schools of Kansas. 'He came to Cincinnati at the age of fifteen years and secured employment as office boy in the law office of Warner M. Bateman, a prominent attorney of this city. He pursued his studies in the night schools and studied law under Mr. Bateman, later becoming a student in the senior class of the Cincinnati Law School. He was graduated with the degree of LL. B., in June, 1879, several months before arriving at his majority, and was admitted to the bar in October of- the same year. While at the law school he won a prize for the, best essay on the "Doctrine of Ultra Vires." He began practice in partnership with his. preceptor and friend, Mr. Bateman, the title of the firm being Bateman & Harper, and was associated with Mr. Bateman until the death of the latter, in 1897. Soon afterward the firm became Harper & Allen, and still later Harper, Allen & Curts. Mr. Allen was elected to congress from the second district of Ohio, in November, 1910, but still retains his connection with the firm. Mr. Harper has met with more than an ordinary degree of success. He is general counsel for the Scripps-McRae and Scripps Newspapers, The United Press and other allied newspaper interests, and is regarded as an authority as to legal questions pertaining to newspaper publications. He is one of the editors in chief of the Scripps newspapers, the most extensive group of newspapers in the United States. Professionally he is connected with the Cincinnati, Ohio, and American Bar Associations. 884 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY On the 13th of September, 1882, Mr. Harper was united in marriage to Miss Alice E. Waggoner, a native of Moline, Illinois, and a daughter of James W. and Mary E. (Tenney) Waggoner. One child, Ruth Holmes, came to bless this union. She is now a student of Smith College, Massachusetts. Mr. Harper is identified with the progressive element of the republican party. He has never sought public office but served with general acceptance for six years as a member of the school board of Cincinnati. In religious belief he affiliates with the Methodist church, and socially he is connected with the Business Men's Club and the Elberon Country Club. By his energy, application and sound judgment he has built up a lucrative practice and has long been recognized as one of the leaders at the bar of Hamilton county. In every capacity in which he has served he has manifested the loyalty, patriotism and pblic spirit, that character- ize the best type of citizenship, and he ranks among the substantial and useful men of Cincinnati. LEWIS L. APPLEGATE. Lewis L. Applegate, familiarly known as "Lew" Applegate, is one of the prominent grain and stock men of Cincinnati, whose record is alike creditable to himself and those with whom he has associated. He was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1860, a son of Samuel and Agnes (McDowell) Applegate. The father moved with his family to Cincinnati in 1869 and there spent the remainder of his days. He engaged in: the grocery business in New Jersey but after arriving at his new home became a manufacturer of hat racks. Fraternally he was connected with the Masonic order and advanced through the various degrees at his old home in New Brunswick, including that of the Knights Templar. He died about 1891, at the age of fifty-five years. Mr. Applegate whose name stands at the head of this sketch attended the public schools of Cincinnati and Newport, Kentucky. At the age of eighteen he began to learn the grain and stock business and has now been engaged a greater number of years in this business than any other man in the city. The firm of which he is the head was established by W. F. Greely in 1878. F. A. Bradley became proprietor the following year and conducted the business until 1893 when he was succeeded by Frazer & Applegate. Two years later the name was changed to the Phoenix Grain and Stock Exchange, of which H. M. .Foster was president and Mr. Applegate manager. The firm went out of business January 7, 1911, Mr. Applegate is now in business for himself and has an office in the Mitchell building. In 1879 Mr. Applegate was married to Miss Julia Edwards and they have two children : Charles, a resident of Newport, Kentucky ; and Lewis L., Jr., of Covington; Kentucky. The mother of these children was a woman of many admirable characteristics and a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church. She died in 1903, at the age of forty-three, and in 1904 Mr. Applegate was married to Miss Julia Frances McKenna, of Xenia, Ohio. Politically he has given his support to the republican party ever since he arrived at manhood. He served one term as a member of the city council at Covington, being the only CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 887 republican who was elected at that time. He has taken a great interest in fraternal organizations for many years and is a member of Covington Lodge, A. F. .& A. M.; Covington Chapter, R. A. M.; Kenton Council, R. & S. M., ; Covington Commandery, K. T.; Louisville Consistory, S. P. R. S.; and Syrian Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. He is past exalted ruler of the Elks lodge of Covington; past worthy president of the Eagles of Covington; past counselor of Cincinnati Council, No. 2, U. C. T.; a member of the National Union; and in its day was a member of the Supreme Body of the Knights of the Essenic Order. While he has closely applied himself to his business he has also taken an active part, as is indicated above, in various lines of helpfulness to others and is one of the best known and most popular men in Cincinnati. His success is the direct result of close application, thorough knowledge of his business and of a reputation for `square dealing," which is acquired only by years of conscientious endeavor. A. STUART HARKNESS. A. Stuart Harkness, senior partner of the firm of Harkness & Wirthwine, agents for a number of important casualty and fire insurance companies, has been identified with the insurance interests of Cincinnati for the past fifteen years. He was born in Glendale in 1872 and is a son of Frank and E. May (Bernard) Harkness, the father, who was a native of Cincinnati, having passed -away in 1890. Frank Harkness was a graduate of the civil-engineering department of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and assisted in laying out the town of Hartwell, Ohio. He was not long engaged in engineering, however, having withdrawn from the work to become associated with his uncle, Charles Harkness, who was a large candle manufacturer of this city. Commercial activities continued to engage his, energies during the remainder of his life, his entire time and attention thereafter being devoted to the operations of this enterprise, which is still in existence. He was a member of the Theta Delta Chi fraternity, and was also a worthy exemplar of the Masonic order. He was a past master of the Glendale Lodge, but at the time of his death was affiliated with McMillan Lodge, No. 141, F. & A. M. ; Kilwinning Chapter, No. 97, R. A. M. ; Hanselman Commandery, No. 16, K. T., and the Ohio Consistory. In matters of faith he was an Episcopalian. The Harkness family trace their descent back in an unbroken line, to Colonial days, at which time two brothers Adam and James Harkness located in Smithfield, Rhode Island. They were natives of Belfast, Ireland, but the sons of John Harkness, a Scotchman, who was a resident of that -city at the time of the birth of his sons. The brothers took passage from Belfast for the new world, landing in Boston about 1730, whence they later removed to Smithfield. Adam Harkness married Mary Gaskill, and on the 4th of November, 1756, was born unto them a son, named Robert. He in turn became the father of Anthony Harkness, who was born on the T0th of July, 1793. and died in Cincinnati on. May 10, 1858. He was one of the pioneer settlers of this city and here he was for many years engaged in the manufacture of machinery. Success attended his efforts and he became one of the prominent business men of the 888 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY early days, installing much of the machinery in the various industrial plants in operation here at that time. Among other things he manufactured the pumps that for many years were used in the pumping stations of the water works. He was the great-grandfather of our subject and the father of William Harkness, who was born on the 17th of December, 1821, and married Aurora Odell. William Harkness early became connected with the cotton industry and was one of the founders of the Franklin Cotton Mills of this city. After the completion of his preliminary education, which was acquired in the Chickering Institute, A. Stuart Harkness entered Kenyon College Gambier, Ohio. His aspirations were terminated by the sudden death of his father, however, whose passing away changed not only his, plans but the entire current of his life. He immediately entered the business world as a wage earner, and during the following six years was connected for brief periods with various commercial activities. In 1896, he started in the general insurance business under the name of A. S. Harkness & Company. Good success attended his efforts. and in 1908 he formed a partnership with Robert F. Wirthwine, under the firm name of Harkness & Wirthwine. At present they represent the following insurance companies: Maryland Casualty Company of Baltimore; Federal. Union Surety Company of Indianapolis ; and the Niagara-Detroit Underwriters,. composed of the Niagara Fire Insurance Company of New York, the Michigan. Fire and Marine Insurance Company of Michigan and the Detroit Fire and. Marine Insurance Company of Michigan. They are both aggressive business men, possessing the enterprise and determination. of purpose essential to success in this period of keen competition. The scope of their activities is annually extending and they are succeeding in building up a business the permanency and prosperity of which now gives every indication of being assured. Mr. Harkness chose for his wife Miss Lillian Epply, a daughter of Charles. M. Epply, of this city, and they are the parents of two children, Clifford and Claire. Fraternally Mr. Harkness is identified with all of the various Masonic orders: in which his father held membership, and he also belongs to the Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine, while during his college days he became affiliated with the Theta Delta Chi fraternity. He is a well known and highly esteemed representative of one of the old families of this city, and has an extensive circle of friends,. many of whom were his boyhood comrades. SPENCER BOURNE DODD. There were many friends who mourned the .death of Spencer Bourne Dodd and in his passing Cincinnati lost a valued citizen. It was not the substantial success that endeared him to those with whom he came in contact, but the many attractive qualities of his nature. He shed around him much of the sunshine of life because of his unfeigned cordiality, his .geniality and social dispo- sition. To be in the company of Spencer B. Dodd meant that the hours were passing pleasantly, and his own contentment and cheery nature seemed to call forth the same qualities in others. He was numbered among the native, sons of this city, his birth occurring on Seventh street, on the 30th of June, 1854. His CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 889 life vas comparatively brief in its span, covering only forty-six years, for he passed away on the 16th of November, 1900. His parents were George and Anna (Bourne) Dodd, the former a native of East Hartford, Connecticut, and the latter of Maine. They were married in Louisville, Kentucky, and thence came to Cincinnati, where Mr. Dodd engaged in the hat business with his brother. Here he and his wife spent the remainder of .their lives and reared their family of four children, of whom Spencer B. was the eldest. His brother is now deceased but the two daughters of the family are still living. Spencer B. Dodd always remained a resident of Cincinnati and in his youth was afforded liberal educational privileges, attending Professor Babban's school, which was then the leading school for boys in the more advanced work. After putting aside his text-books he secured a position in the gas-fixture establishment of Mr. McHenry and thoroughly learned the business. He also carefully saved his earnings until his industry and economical expenditure had brought him sufficient capital to enable him to engage in business on his own account. He became proprietor of a similar enterprise, located on Fifth street, and later he sought more desirable quarters on Fourth street, where he remained up to the time of his death, enjoying an extensive patronage. Forming a partnership, he was at the head of the Dodd-Warner Company in control of an extensive trade, which was won by honorable dealing and straightforward business methods. Mr. Dodd was a member of the Business Men's Club and was interested in all organized activities for the promotion of commercial interests in the city. He was also a member of the Old Avondale Club and of the Congregational church, of which Dr. Goss was pastor. High and honorable principles actuated him throughout his life and found expression in his relations with his fellowmen, whether in business or social affairs of life. Mr. Dodd was married, in Cincinnati, on the 3d of June, 1884, to Miss Lillie Worthington, a daughter of Amos and Jane (Wilson) Worthington, who were -among the early residents of this city. Her father came here from Springfield, Massachusetts, at an early day and was engaged in the wholesale grocery business for a time and later was connected with the iron industry, but retired from business life at a comparatively early age and purchased a farm on Price Hill, on which he took up his abode. His daughter Mrs. Dodd has lived in Cincinnati throughout her entire life and for about eighteen years has made her home in Avondale, occupying an attractive residence on Beechwood avenue. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dodd were born two children : Lewis Worthington, of Cincinnati, who married Ruth Alcott, a daughter of Judge Alcott ; and Marjorie Louise, at home. While Cincinnati found in Mr. Dodd a worthy citizen, his clubs a loyal member, business circles a prominent and reliable representative and his associates a faithful friend, his best traits of character were reserved for his own home and fireside and there he found the greatest happiness of his life. Perhaps no better testimonial of his character, however, could be given than the memorial prepared by the Avondale Athletic Club following his death, which occurred on the 16th of November, 1900 This reads : "Spencer B. Dodd was a charter member of the Avondale Athletic Club, its president during the year 1899 and was identified actively and closely with its organization and the basis upon which it now stands. His capability, his 890 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY unwavering courtesy, his never failing willingness to bear a full share of the responsibilities incident to the club management, his gentle yet forceful character, won him that enduring admiration and respect which these manly traits always command, but beyond these were the strikingly lovable qualities for which we held him in closer and more affectionate personal regard. His judgments were charitable and considerate, the feelings and comfort of his associates were held by him as of greater moment than any advantage to himself. In the bearing of many self-imposed burdens he knew no hesitation or wavering. He was a true friend, a genial companion and a high-minded man. With a full realization of the inefficacy of written words to express our deep sense of loss in the removal of our friend from among us, yet for the benefit of those who come after us, it is ordered by the board of governors of the Avondale Athletic Club, that these lines be spread upon our records; and also, that a copy of them be submitted to the family of our late friend and fellow member, with assurances of our heart-felt sympathy and condolences in their great sorrow. To the bereaved wife and children of Spencer B. Dodd is due the consolation of the knowledge, that he carried among men an honored and respected name, the synonym of integrity, that he will be held in affectionate remembrance as a courteous and honorable gentleman and that such a life, even though not lived to the number of years that men call full, has not been lived in vain." P. R. MITCHELL. P. R. Mitchell, as president of the P. R. Mitchell Company, has been the promoter of what is today one of the most important industrial enterprises of Cincinnati, the manufacture and sale of curled hair and dealer in feathers and down. The years have chronicled a continuous growth in the business, owing to the keen discernment, practical methods and unfaltering enterprise of the managers of this company. He first became connected with the business in 1853, at which time he entered the firm which was conducted under the style of A. D. Bullock & Company, of which Henry Lewis was a partner, as employe. The house was then dealing principally in wool but had a small curled hair factory on Lick Run. Mr. Mitchell as a youth of seventeen years .entered the employ of A. D. Bullock & Company as office boy, but soon afterward was assigned to the position of assistant bookkeeper. He was thus employed until after the outbreak of the Civil war, when, in response to President Lincoln's first call for volunteers to aid in crushing out the Rebellion in its incipiency, he enlisted as a member of the Second Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry and with that command served in the battle of Bull Run. His first term of enlistment, like that of all who went to the front in response to the first call, was for three months and in August he returned home. He had done duty as corporal and sergeant and after his return home he became connected with the Second Regiment in its efforts to check the Morgan raid. In 1864 he once more went to the front for three months' duty with the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, of which the original Second Ohio Regiment was a part. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 891 When the war was over Mr. Mitchell again entered the employ of A. D. Bullock & Company as wool buyer and seller, and in 1872 he was admitted to a partnership. Subsequently he was associated with A. D. Bullock and Henry Lewis in forming a special partnership under the firm style of P. R. Mitchell & ,Company. They were afterward joined by G. A. Willey and H. W. Hall and in 1893 the present P. R. Mitchell Company was organized and incorporated. About 1878 the scope of the business was extended by the establishment of a feather department and they also began to handle tickings, denims, cretonnes, cambrics and other pillow and mattress coverings in connection with curled hair. The business was then located at Nos. 112 and 114 West Pearl street. They discontinued the sale of wool about 1895, bending their energies to the upbuilding of the trade in the other departments. In 1900 and 1901 they erected and removed to their present large brick factory and office building, using it exclusively for feathers and down. This building is a fine six-story brick structure, one hundred and thirty-two by one hundred and forty-five feet. Here they employ from twenty-five to thirty men and from fifty to sixty girls. In their curled hair factory, which now occupies ten separate buildings, constituting an immense space covering five acres of ground, at Lick Run, they employ about one hundred and twenty-five men. This establishment is a mammoth one, making annually use of two million, five hundred thousand pounds of hair in the raw, for the manufacture of curled hair. The feather plant is at the corner of Harrison and Spring Grove avenues in Cincinnati. This part of the business was established in the early '80s occupying one room seventeen by severity-two feet, which then amply sufficed for the needs of the department. It now requires a magnificent five-story and basement structure with an area of one hundred and fifty-five thousand square feet, or three and five-tenths acres. This is by far the largest and best equipped feather plant in the country, and the building is a model structure of its kind. It contains lunch and reading rooms, and lavatories and shower-baths have also been supplied for the convenience of the employes. The company is incorporated with a capital stock of six hundred thousand dollars. They also operate a factory and branch salesrooms in New York city, of which Harry W. Hall, the vice president, is local manager. The treasurer of the company is G. A. Willey. The New York manufacturing works are located at 609 East 17th street, and the ware room and office at 36 and 38 East 20th street, occupying four floors, a basement and sub-cellar, each fifty by one hundred feet. Here the company's immense line of plain, fancy and art tickings, denims, cretonnes, cambrics and other coverings are originated and designed, the patterns and rollers being the property of the company. The business here is in itself a vast one and the warehouse is also used to distribute its other lines, including sterilized curled hair, raw and dressed, feathers, pillows and. cushions and feather dusters as well as bedding specialities. The most modern processes of sterilizing and preparing the hair are used by the company and the immense volume of business of the house is the well merited reward of the labor of P. R. Mithcell and his associates. Mr. Mitchell has been a resident of Cincinnati for sixty-two years, arriving here in 1849, his birth having occurred in Lockport, New York, in 1836. For fifty-eight years he has been connected with the business of which he is now the head and which, in all of its important and diversified interests and departments, 892 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY is the tangible evidence of his well directed energy and business ability. Fraternally he is well known as a. member of Jones Post, G. A. R., and of the Loyal Legion. He has never sought to participate actively in outside interests, but has always preferred to concentrate his energies upon the business of which he is now the head and which has become one of the. most important productive industries of Cincinnati, ranking with the leading manufacturing and commercial concerns which give to the city its present enviable reputation for business enterprise. THEODORE BANGE, M. D. Among the younger representatives of the medical profession in Cincinnati Dr. Theodore Bange is recognized as one whose ability thus far displayed promises well for the future, inasmuch as laudable ambition and broad intelligence constitute the basis of his progress. His parents were Dr. Theodore and Elizabeth (Wilms) Bange. The father was born in Detmold, Germany, in 1856, and belonged to a titled family of that country which included several members of marked distinction. When he was eighteen years of age he came to America, settling in Cincinnati and, continuing his education here, was graduated from the College of Pharmacy in 1875. Soon afterward he began the study of medicine and completed a course in the Miami Medical College in 1881. Entering upon active practice, he won substantial success for he soon demonstrated that his ability enabled him to cope with the intricate problems that continually confront the physician. A large private practice was accorded him and in addition he served on the staff of St. Francis Hospital and was physician to the branch of the hospital where smallpox cases were treated. He held membership in the Academy of -Medicine to which he was received in 1893. The offices that he filled were somewhat in the path of his profession for he served as milk inspector and county coroner. In his political views he was an earnest republican and his fraternal relations were with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He remained a respected and valued member of the medical profession in Cincinnati until 1904, when his life's labors were ended in death. His wife was. a (laughter of J. C. Wilms, who was engaged in the jewelry business in this city after coming from. Germany, his native land, to the new world. Born in Cincinnati September 9, 1880, Dr. Bange entered the public schools at the usual age, passing through the consecutive grades until graduated from the Walnut Hills high school. Interested in the practice of medicine from early youth because of his father's work in that direction, Dr. Bange determined to engage in the same calling and matriculated in the Miami Medical College wherein he pursued the full course and was graduated in 1905. Broad practical experience came to him during his period of interneship, covering a year in the German Deaconess Hospital. He then entered upon general practice at his present location, at No. 314 West McMillan street. He became a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine in 1910 and he also holds membership in the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 895 Dr. Bange was united in marriage to Miss Bessie Carnahan, daughter of W. H. Carnahan, of Blanchester, Ohio, and they now have one child, Jean. Fraternally Dr. Bange is connected with E. T. Carson Lodge, F. & A. M. He is appreciative of the social amenities of life, recognizes and meets the obligations of citizenship, and in fact is faithful to every duty but concentrates his energies most largely upon his professional work, and in his close application, broad study and unfaltering purpose is found the secret of his success. MORISON REMICK WAITE. Morison Remick Waite, engaged in the practice of law as a member of the firm of Waite & Schindel of Cincinnati, has long since proven himself an able and learned representative of this important calling. His birth occurred in Toledo, Ohio, on the 13th of December, 1866, his parents being Henry S. and Ione (Brown) Waite, the former a native of Maumee, Ohio, and the latter of Tecumseh, Michigan. The father, whose natal year was 1840, passed away in 1873. He was engaged in business as a member of the firm of Werts & Com- pany, wholesale cracker bakers. At the time of the Civil war he enlisted for service in the. Union army, going to the front with a regiment from Toledo. Unto him and his wife were born three children, one of whom is deceased. The brother of our subject is Henry M. Waite, vice president of the Clinchfield Coal Corporation in Dante, Virginia. Morison R. Waite obtained his preliminary education in the common schools of Toledo and subsequently entered Yale University, being graduated therefrom in 1888, while two years later he was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School. While studying the profession and also for five years after his graduation he remained in the law offices of Ramsay, Maxwell & Ramsay, of this city. He then practiced independently until 1906, when he formed a partnership with Harlin Decemberd, who passed away in-December, 1906. In 1909 Mr. Waite became a partner of John Randolph Schindel and the firm of Waite & Schindel has since maintained offices in the Carew building. They have a large general practice, prtheir clientageporation law, their..clientage being extensive and of a distinctively representative character. Mr. Waite was referee in bankruptcy in this district from 1898 until 1904 and is now general solicitor of The Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railway Company and of the Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern. Railway Company. On the 15th of October, 1896, Mr. Waite was united in marriage to Miss Fannie Resor, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of I. Burnet and Mary (Brown) Resor. Her father was a member of the firm of William Resor & Company, stove manufacturers. Mr. and MrsMary Resorve three daughters, MaryoResor, Frances and Ione Brown Waite, all of whom were born in Cincinnati. In politics Mr Waite is a republican, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Calvary Episcopal church, of which he is a warden and trustee. He likewise acts as trustee of the Children's Hospital and for several years was a member of the executive committee of the citizens' municipal party Ira III-41 896 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and also served on the executive committee of the Honest Election League. He likewise belongs to the Queen City Club, the University Club and the Cincinnati Golf Club. In every relation of life he has been found as one true to his honest convictions, loyal in support of what he believes to be right. Modest in manner, he nevertheless belongs to that class of citizens who uphold the legal and political status of the community and through influence advance its intellectual and moral progress. ARCHIBALD J. McNAIR. Archibald J. McNair is engaged in the general practice of law although for the past fifteen years he has largely specialized in the field of criminal law, in which he has been very successful. He was admitted to the bar in 1891 and for the past four years has occupied his present offices in the Wiggins Block. His birth occurred in the Scotch settlement in Clermont county, Ohio, November 28, 1868, his parents being James and Clarissa McNair. The family has for many generations been identified with farming interests. John McNair, the grandfather of Archibald J. McNair, was 'the founder of the Scotch settlement, which was the most influential in the state of Ohio, and he also established the Presbyterian church in that settlement. The seeds of civilization which he there planted have since borne rich fruit and his name is inseparably associated with the history of that region. James McNair was a soldier of the Civil war and his brother, Captain Archibald D. McNair, for whom the subject of this review was named, fought in the One Hundred and Fifty-third Ohio Regiment, becoming captain of Company D, which was organized in the Scotch settlement. Three brothers of the family took up arms in defense of the Union. James McNair died in 1878 from the effects of arduous military experience, passing away at the age of fifty-three. He had survived his wife, who died in 1874, at the age of forty-three years. She was a sister of Dr. John Richardson, who was the father of the great rupture specialist of Chicago. Both Mr. and Mrs. James McNair were laid to rest in the Presbyterian cemetery at Nicholsville, Ohio. Archibald J. McNair obtained his preliminary education in Moore's district school adjoining his father's farm, which was one of the finest farming properties in that section. When not busy with his text-books he aided in the work of the fields and became familiar with the best methods of carrying on farm work. Ambitious for further education than the district schools afforded, he afterward spent three and a half years as a student in the National Normal University at Lebanon, where he won his degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1888. He then turned his attention to the sciences, making a specialty of geology, mineralogy and paleontology, devoting three years to researches along that line, during which period he made one of the finest paleontological and geological collections to be found in southern Ohio. This he still possesses, having over five thousand specimens. It was his intention to enter the scientific field as a life work but through the influence of his guardian, Judge O. P. Griffith, who wished him to become a lawyer, he entered his office and prepared for the bar. He was grad- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 897 uated in 1891 from the Cincinnati Law School, at which time the LL. B. degree was conferred upon him. He then entered upon the practice of civil law in the office of Judge Griffith and Judge John Parrott and in 1896 turned his attention more particularly to criminal law, handling some of the most noted cases that have been tried in the courts of Ohio. Among these was the case of the State against William Irvin, establishing the fact that the husband could be guilty of burning his own wife's property ; another one was the case of Ohio against Miller, where Mr. McNair established the fact that until the equity of redemption of the mortgage is foreclosed and the sales confirmed by the court the mortgagor has a conveyable interest in real estate and cannot be prosecuted for obtaining property under false pretence. He is now town attorney of Newtown, Ohio, and also attorney for the board of education. He belongs to the Hamilton County Bar Association and has been admitted to practice before the courts of five different states. He has resided in California and Ohio and his practice has also extended to Indiana, Kentucky and West Virginia. He has been admitted to practice before all the United States courts and is today regarded as one of the eminent practitioners in the field of criminal law in Cincinnati. He employs the gifts of oratory with telling force but never enshrouds the cause in sentimental garb or illusion. Mr. McNair is also a man of wide general information, who has been a student of the world's history as shown in the sciences and written upon racks as well as of those volumes which come from the press. His mind is naturally analytical, logical and deductive and he seems to see without difficulty the relation of fact and principle and to reason unerringly from cause to effect. He has not only made a specialty of the scientific branches previously mentioned but has also given to the world a treatise of value called the Harmonies of Genesis and Evolution, a defense that science proves the Bible and not denies it. On the 21st of August, 1894, in New Richmond, Mr. McNair was married to Miss Lura Ryan, the youngest daughter of William H. and Emorilis Ryan. Her father, who was one of the wealthy citizens of Clermont county, died L about three years ago. Mr. and Mrs. McNair reside at No. 722 Gholson avenue in Avondale and now have a little daughter, Gladys, nine years of age. They are lifelong members of the Presbyterian church. With the select circle of friends with whom his scientific interests and studies have brought him in close contact, Mr. McNair also has the social qualities which render him popular with all classes and have won him favorable regard wherever he is known. GEORGE P. QUIGGIN. George I Quiggin, secretary of the Louisville & Cincinnati Packet Company, is one of the oldest river-traffic men in this vicinity. During the period of. his identification with this work he has seen wrought many changes in river transportation, in addition to which he has kept a full and accurate account of river conditions, thus compiling a record of valuable information. His birth occurred in Newburg, a town in the vicinity of Cleveland, Ohio, in 1843. There he was reared to manhood, acquiring his preliminary education in the common schools, supplemented by a course at Baldwin University. 898 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY In response to the call for volunteers in 1862, Mr. Quiggin enlisted in Company D, Eighty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and went to the front, where he remained for four months. Upon receiving his discharge he returned home and for a year thereafter taught in a commercial college at Painsville, Ohio. In 1865 he came to Cincinnati, locating here in the middle of December. He subsequently accepted a clerkship with W. G. McCoy, who was agent for the Louisville & Nashville Railroad, and he was also connected with the United States Mail Line, the predecessor of the Louisville & Cincinnati Packet Company, having charge of the river traffic. About 1872 Mr. Quiggin became associated with the Cincinnati, Portsmouth, Big Sandy & Pomeroy Packet Company, then operating in connection with the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad. When this company purchased the Louisville & Cincinnati Packet Company, Mr. Quiggin joined their forces and in 1890 was elected secretary of the company, in which capacity he has ever since served. For his wife Mr. Quiggin chose Miss Florence Curtis, a daughter of Herschel Curtis of Cincinnati, and of this union there were born seven children, four of whom are living, namely: Walter ; George ; Minnie, the wife of Robert Carroll, of Dayton, Kentucky ; and Bertha. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being a member of Magnolia Lodge, No. 83, I. 0. 0. F., of Cincinnati, and was district deputy of the North Star Lodge of Newport, before transfering his membership. Mr. Quiggin is one of the most efficient traffic men in this vicinity, being thoroughly familiar with and fully informed on every phase of the business. CHARLES G. BROOKS. Charles G. Brooks, who is secretary and treasurer of the Smith-Kasson Company, was born in Covington, Kentucky, on the 1st of August, 1868, and is a son of Lee H. and Laura (Tone) Brooks. His father was engaged in the tobacco business in Cincinnati until 1898, when he became president of the Coney Island Company, which position he has ever since held. His introduction to the elements of English learning Charles G. Brooks obtained in the public and private schools of his native city, completing his education upon graduating from the high school. He began his business career as an employe in the auditor's office of Cincinnati, where for eighteen months he discharged the duties of a clerical position under Edwin Stevens. He resigned his position to associate with the Coney Island Company, where he served first as director but was later promoted to the office of vice president, which he has now held for five or six years, in addition to which office he has also been director for the past two years. The Smith-Kasson Company was incorporated in 1895 with L. H. Brooks as president ; H. C. Kasson, vice president; D. E. Hayman, director; and Charles G. Brooks, secretary and treasurer. The company has met with the most gratifying success from the very beginning, and is now well established and flourishing. Charles G. Brooks is possessed of more than average sagacity, but he modestly attributes his success to the habits of thrift and industry so thoroughly instilled into his youthful mind that they have become a CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 899 part of his nature. Whatever he has undertaken has been given the best efforts of his concentrated forces; his powers always being intelligently directed toward the accomplishment of a definite purpose. He married Miss Mary Ledyard of Montgomery, Alabama, and to them has been born one child, Charles G., Jr., who is now thirteen years of age. Mr. Brooks is a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity, being a thirty-second degree member of the Scottish Rite and also of the Shrine. He also belongs to the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati and to the Fort Mitchell Country Club. In politics he is an ardent republican, giving his unqualified indorsement to the policy of that party, but he has always been too deeply absorbed in his private interests to conspicuously participate in municipal campaigns. THOMAS H. GRAYDON. None of the younger business men of Cincinnati have made more notable progress in commercial circles than Thomas H. Graydon, who at the age of twenty-eight years was elected president of The Macdonald-Kiley Shoe Company. He was born in this city on the 30th of March, 1881, and is a son of the late Dr. Thomas W. and Ann H. Graydon. Dr. Thomas W. Graydon, who was for many years prominently and successfully identified with the medical fraternity of this city, was a native of Fermanagh county, Ireland, his birth occurring on the 19th of May, 1850. At the age of eighteen years he emigrated to the United States, locating in the vicinity of Rock Island, Illinois. He practiced the most rigid economy in order to acquire the necessary means to enable him to   complete his education, having decided to become a physician. For a time he attended the college at Davenport, Iowa, and later he went to the Iowa State University at Iowa City, where he completed his academic course. In 1875 he came to Cincinnati, where he pursued his professional studies, after the completion of which he established an office and engaged in practice. The possessor of dare mental powers as well as a pleasing personality, Dr. Graydon was able to inspire confidence in his ability, which his unusual skill enabled him to retain, and as a result he built up an extensive practice. He was a self-made man, such success as he was awarded having been won through his own efforts and capabilities. His demise occurred in 1900, when he was but fifty years of age. The boyhood and early youth of Thomas H. Graydon were spent in the parental home, his preliminary education being acquired in the private schools of this city and at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, from which he was graduated in 1899. In the autumn following he entered Harvard University, being awarded his degree with the class of 1903. After the completion of his education Mr. Graydon returned to his native city to engage in business, having in the choice of his vocation decided in favor of a commercial career. He accepted a position in the bookkeping department of The Macdonald-Kiley Company. At the expiration of three years he was elected vice president, which position he retained until the 1st of November, 1909, when he was appointed president of the company. The business has been very successful under the direction and supervision of Mr. Graydon and is giving employment to two hundred men and fifty women. They manufacture a general line of high-grade shoes for men and sell their goods all over the United States.