950 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY tributes valuable disquisitions to medical literature. He has many friends among his brethren in the craft and is held in high esteem by representatives of the medical profession because of his superior ability in the special field which he has chosen and his close conformity to a high standard of professional ethics. JAMES J. HEEKIN. Diversified interests, yet all capably managed, claim. the attention of James J. Heekin, who is now well known in commercial circles as the president of the Heekin Spice Company, president of the Heekin Can Company, president of the Heekin Park Company and secretary and treasurer of the James Heekin Company. The extent and importance of these various lines make him one of the prominent residents of Cincinnati and, as he is yet a young man, the possibilities for still further broadening the scope of his activities and reaching out in greater measure into the fields of commerce and industry are yet his. He was born in Cincinnati in 1871, a son of James and Mary (Malloy) Heekin. His father was the founder of the large business now conducted under the name of the James Heekin Company, also the Heekin Spice Company and the Heekin Can Company, the last two being offsprings of the parent company. Carefully formulated plans led to the development and extension of the business, with which the father was continuously identified until his death, in 1904. His son, James J. Heekin, was reared in Cincinnati and attended the public schools and later St. Joseph's College and St. James' College, through mental discipline and training thus qualifying him for life's practical and responsible duties. After leaving college he entered the employ of James Heekin & Company and has thus gained a thorough knowledge of the business. The different stores employ today about twelve hundred people and have two immense plants. The Heekin Can Company and the Heekin Spice Company occupy a large plant on Sixth, New and Culvert streets, which was erected in 1905. The James Heekin Company, which is the parent firm and is devoted to the coffee end of the business, occupies a large plant at the corner of Walnut and Water streets. Each successive step in his business career has brought to James J. Heekin a broader outlook and wider opportunities and, while still a young man, he is today known in business circles throughout the United States. He never falters in the accomplishment of a task that he undertakes, while his sound judgment enables him to readily determine the correct value of a proposed plan and the opportunities for its successful accomplishment. He was president of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce from January, 1910, until January, 1911, and his last days as the incumbent in that office were very strenuous, owing to the arduous duties that devolved upon him during and immediately after the destruction of the Chamber of Commerce building by fire. It was entirely destroyed, the floors collapsing, leaving nothing but the bare stone walls standing. Several lives were lost and Mr. Heekin remained on duty day and night directing the search of the ruins for the bodies. He is also a director of the Cincinnati Commercial Association and the movements inaugurated for the benefit and betterment of the city along business lines receive his earnest endorsement CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 951 and cooperation. In religious faith Mr. Heekin is connected wth the Roman Catholic church. He is well known in fraternal circles as deputy supreme commander for Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and Missouri of the Order of Alhambra and is past grand commander of Al Kamel Caravan, No. 10, Order of Alhambra. Mr. Heekin was married in 1897 to Miss Alma Robson, a daughter of Charles Robson, of Cincinnati, and they have three children, James Robson, Katharine Alma and Donald Joseph. GARBER & WOODWARD. The names of Frederick W. Garber and Clifford B. Woodward, are known among business men as two of the rising young architects of Cincinnati. The lives of the two men have been so closely associated that it is difficult to write of one and not the other. They are now in business together, under the firm style of Garber & Woodward, architects. Both men are natives of Cincinnati, and graduates of the old Cincinnati Technical School, where they first became friends. As draughtsmen they worked together in the office of Elzner & Anderson, architects, where their friendship was strengthened. In a few years they went to Boston together to attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where they specialized in a two-years' course of architecture, studying under the famous French Professor Despradelles. While at the Boston School Mr. Garber won the Roach Scholarship, and at the end of his course went abroad. In 1904, the next year after their return to Cincinnati, they formed a copartnership on the strength of one client only, in a very small room in the Johnston building. Being young, they forged ahead with small incomes but large hope, till now after seven years they rank among the foremost architects in the city. Their cleverness in design, their honesty and ability, have won for them a name, here and elsewhere. Among their buildings in Cincinnati, are the Westwood, the Frederick Douglas, the Guilford, and the Fifteenth District school houses, the Avondale and Price Hill branch libraries, and the Anna Louise Inn of the Union Bethel; the Wyoming Club house, Wyoming .& Lockland engine houses and a school house in Lexington, Kentucky, are also examples of their work. They are associated with architects Tietig and Lee in designing the gymnasium, the engineering building, and the power plant of the Universty of Cincinnati, having also laid out a scheme for the buildings of the future on the university grounds. They have also erected many fine residences in the city, in Avondale, Clifton, Wyoming, Glendale, and Devon, Long Island. They are now associated with Mr. Cass Gilbert, an eminent architect of New York city, on the plans for the erection of a twenty-seven-story building, to be erected on the old Chamber of Commerce site, for the Union Central Life Insurance Company. 952 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY The Cincinnati Art Museum also shows signs of their work in the new addition, the new skylights and lighting system throughout. Mr. Garber, the senior partner, was born in Cincinnati, in 1887, and is the eldest son of Frederick H. C. Garber, a native of Hanover, Germany, who was for some time associated with one of the German papers in the city. He is now retired. Frederick W. in 1907 married Miss Woodward, the only sister of his partner. They reside in Glendale, and have two sons. Mr. Woodward was born in Walnut Hills, but has spent most of his life in Glendale, where he now resides with his wife and two sons. Mr. Woodward is the third son of Henry L. Woodward, who for some years before his death was in the First National Bank. Both partners of the firm are members of the local chapter of the American Institute of Architects, Mr. Garber being also identified with the Art Club and chairman of the jury of the society of Crafters. The interest these two men take in the progress of the city, is not of a secondary character, their marked ability in their special line is winning for them wide recognition and advancement in the field of architecture. ISAAC D. JONES, A. M., M. D. Dr. I. D. Jones, one of the most prominent physicians and surgeons of Cincinnati, has here practiced his profession for the past four decades. His birth occurred in Newtown, Hamilton county, Ohio, on the 4th of December, 1843, his father being Daniel Jones, one of the pioneer settlers of this county. He was reared in the place of his nativity and obtained his primary education in the local schools. In 1865 he was graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, with the highest honors and the degree of A. M. Returning to Hamilton county, he became identified with the profession of teaching, acting as principal of the California (Ohio) schools for two years and later as principal of the Columbia (Ohio) schools for a similar period. Having determined upon the practice of medicine as a life work, he attended lectures with that end in view and in 1871 was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati. He spent one year as interne in the Good Samaritan Hospital and soon afterward located on Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, where he has since maintained his office, enjoying a large and lucrative practice. In 1876 he formed a partnership with his brother, the late Dr. John E. Jones, the relation being maintained with mutual pleasure and profit for many years. Since 1890 Dr. I. D. Jones has been a member of the medical staff of Christ's Hospital of Cincinnati. He keeps in touch with the onward march of the profession through his membership in the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. At the same time through private study and research he has continually promoted his efficiency and is justly regarded as one of the ablest practitioners of Cincinnati, manifesting at all times a close conformity to a high standard of professional ethics. On the 3d of April, 1879, Dr. Jones was united in marriage to Miss Edith Beatrice Gibbs, who lived near Toronto, Canada. Her father, Hon. W. H. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 955 Gibbs, was at one time a member of the Canadian parliament. Her mother bore the maiden name of Frances Colton. Dr. Jones is a prominent member of the Walnut Hills Methodist Episcopal church and a member of its official board. He is president of the Missionary Society of Cincinnati, has also held the office of vice president and since 1890 has been a director of the same. The Doctor is very much interested in mission work, especially home missionary work in Cincinnati. He is regarded as the founder of the Madison Avenue Methodist Episcopal church, to the support of which he has contributed liberally both of his time and means. He devotes practically every Sunday evening to church and mission work. In Masonic circles he is also well known, having attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He was one of the charter members of Walnut Hills Lodge, No. 483, F. & A. M., and is one of its past masters. His home is a fine brown-stone mansion at No. 1014 East McMillan street, Walnut Hills, where he also has his office. JOHN ELY JONES, M. D. Dr. John E. Jones, who passed away in Walnut Hills on October 31, 1904, was born at Newtown, Hamilton county, Ohio, on the 27th of January, 1834. He was graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan University in 1858 and five years later had completed a professional course in the Medical College of Ohio. In 1863 he enlisted in the Union army in the capacity of assistant surgeon, serving until the close of the war and participating in a number of battles. When hostilities had ceased he returned to Hamilton county and took up the practice of medicine, remaining a successful representative of his chosen vocation until called to his final rest. On the 28th of November, 1863, Dr. John E. Jones was married to Miss Euphemia L. Edwards, of Newtown, Ohio, and they were the parents of two children, Louise Edwards Jones and Dr. William Ely Jones. THE G. KEYER COMPANY. Time was when history was but a record of wars and conquests, but with the incoming of the nineteenth century there was ushered in an era of commercial and industrial development which has not yet reached its culmination, as is indicated by the fact that business interests are being constantly established and developed along growing and profitable lines. Among the enterprises of Cincinnati which had their origin in the latter part of the nineteenth century is that now carried on under the name of The G. Keyer Company. It was established on the 17th of March, 1884, under the name of Keyer, Haug & Company, and so continued until 1906, when Mr. Keyer, having purchased the holdings of the other partner, changed the name to G. Keyer & Company. In 1911, the business was incorporated under the name of The G. Keyer Company, of which G. Keyer is the president and G. H. Keyer, Jr., is secretary and treasurer. The plant extends from No. 1809 to 1817 Central avenue, the building being three stories in height with a depth of one hundred and ten feet. They manufacture church furnishings of all kinds, including benches and altars, and employ about twenty-five workmen. Vol. III-44 956 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY The father, G. Keyer, Sr., learned his trade in Germany, after which he spent a number of years in travel as a journeyman in France, England, and other European countries. He came to Cincinnati in 1866 and was here employed by the R. Mitchell Furniture Company as foreman for twenty years, until he joined Mr. Haug in the establishment of the business which he now conducts. Mr. Keyer married Josephine Rohman and they had a family of six children, of whom three are living: G. H. Keyer, Jr., who is now secretary and treasurer of the company ; J. A. Keyer, who has charge of the drafting and carving department of the business ; and Francis. The eldest son, G. H. Keyer, Jr., is secretary and treasurer and business manager, and his enterprising spirit is an element in the continued growth of the trade. Under his guidance the output has become well known for the excellence of workmanship and the business methods of the house are always regarded as most reliable. He was married, in 1895, to Miss Helen Berg, of Cincinnati. Both father and son have made for themselves a creditable place in industrial circles and their enterprise is a factor in Cincinnati's commercial development. GOTTFRIED HEGNER. Gottfried Hegner, president of the Kayser & Hegner Company, distillers and wholesale liquor dealers, is a native of Cincinnati. He is of German ancestry and inherited traits of industry and perseverance which have assisted him very materially in his contact with the world. He was born February 8,. 1856, and is a son of John and Catherine (Kuespert) Hegner. The father was born in Germany and, like thousands of ambitious young men of the old country, determined to seek his fortune in America. Accordingly, he emigrated to the new world in 1843, when he was twenty years of age, and became one of the pioneer yeast manufacturers and distillers of Cincinnati. He furnished stock yeast to distilleries of this city and the tributary territory for many 'years. He died in 1904, at the age of eighty-one years, and his wife passed away in 1879, when she was fifty-four years of age. Their bodies repose in Spring Grove cemetery. Mr. Hegner of this sketch attended the public schools until he was twelve years of age. He then became connected with the distilling business and was employed in Cincinnati and subsequently at Terre Haute, Indiana. In 1875 he returned to this city and secured a position as bookkeeper with William Fuller & Company. This firm dissolved three years later and Mr. Hegner assisted in organizing the firm of Kayser & Hegner, which was incorporated in 1887 as the Kayser & Hegner Company. The junior partner occupied the position of secretary until May, 1909, since which time he has filled the office of president. The company handles the leading brands of whiskies and manufactures extensively on its own account. Some of its brands are the Avondale Club, Maple Grove, T. P. A., Belle of Washington, Red Hen and Rosebud whisky, being well known throughout the country. On the 5th of February 1879, Mr. Hegner was married, at Cincinnati, to Miss Annie E. F. Lachtrop, a daughter of Henry Lachtrop, who was the owner of the old Eight Mile House. Three children have been born to them : Harry, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 957 who is a member of the board of directors of the Kayser & Hegner Company and is also one of its traveling representatives ; Fred G., who is engaged in carpentering; and Pearl, who lives at home. Having early gained thorough knowledge of his business, Mr. Hegner applied himself with great diligence and has won high standing among the distillers and wholesale liquor dealers of the country. He is a man of pronounced social instincts and is a valued member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His friends, however, are to be found in all walks of life and in many states of the Union. Ever since he arrived at manhood he has adhered to the republican party but has never aspired to the honors of public office, as his interest is mainly centered in his business. Possessing a generous and kindly nature, he is a liberal contributor to worthy causes and thus assists in performing his part as a member of the great brotherhood of man. CHARLES A. PEDRETTI. The art of interior decoration of homes and public buildings is coming more prominently into American life as time advances and it is doubtful whether any city in the United States can show more beautiful work in this line than Cincinnati. The interior decorations of many of the elegant residences of this city are marvels of taste and beauty, and the same remark applies to many of the public buildings. Only artists of rare talents are capable of such work and it is greatly to the credit of Cincinnati that men of the highest skill as decorators are to be found here. Among the number is Charles A. Pedretti, one of the best known artists and interior decorators of the west, who occupies Suite 31-32, No. 4, West Seventh street. He is a native of this city, born March 15, 1864, a son of Francis Pedretti, a well known artist and decorator. Charles A. Pedretti was reared in Cincinnati and received his preliminary education in the public schools. Instead of high-school work, here, he pre- pared for his life work by studying for four years under masters at Milan, Italy. Returning to Cincinnati, he associated in business with his father who a few years later retired and then Mr. Pedretti entered into partnership with his older brother Raphael, record of whom appears elsewhere in this work. They carried forward the business under the title of F. Pedretti's Sons from 1887 until 1905, when the partnership was dissolved. During this partnership some of the important work done under the personal supervision of Charles A. Pedretti were the Plum street and Mount street Jewish temples of Cincinnati, the Capitol building at Columbus, Ohio, and the Capitol building at Helena, Montana, Since the time named Mr. Pedretti of this review has conducted the business independently. Among the beautiful homes in Cincinnati that he has made more attractive by his genius and skill may be named those of Frank Herchede, C. H. M. Atkins, the late Anthony Brunsman, Mrs. M. B. Farrin, E. E. Shipley, W. B. Schawe, Charles Christie, Frank Dinsmore, Max Fleischmann, Dr. Frank Cross, Major Frank J. Jones, General Lewis Seasongood, Henry F. Lackman, A. J. Conroy, Robert Bonser, A. F. Maish, William Lodge, E. B. Stanley, C. A. Hinch, Moritz Haas, Benjamin Sebastian, George B. Cox, and 958 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Thomas P. Egan, also the residence of Charles Wiedeman, of Newport, Kentucky. The artistic interior work on all of the residences named was done by Mr. Pedretti. It may also be stated that he has done the work in the First English Lutheran church, the new Second National Bank building, the St. Augustine church, the Home Savings Bank, the Business Men's club rooms in the Masonic Temple, Chamber of Commerce building, which was recently destroyed by fire ; the Business Men's Club building; the Christian church of Walnut Hills ; Sacred Heart Academy ; the First National Bank building of Norwood ; the First National Bank building and the Carnegie Library, both of Paducah, Kentucky. In 1899 Mr. Pedretti was married at Cincinnati to Miss Wilhelmina M. Betcher, a daughter of Dr. Gaspard Betcher. Mrs. Pedretti is a highly accomplished musician and previous to her marriage was very prominent in musical circles of this city. She was soloist of the First Presbyterian church and was also frequently invited to participate as soloist at the May Festivals and other important musical events. Mr. Pedretti is an enthusiastic member of the Cincinnati Art Club and is deeply interested in all subjects pertaining to his calling. He has won wide recognition by close application to his business and possesses the ability to satisfy even the most exacting patrons. A man of unusual intelligence and of pleasing personality, he has made many friends who admire him not only for his skill as an artist but for his generous and noble qualities as a man. HON. DAY CLIFTON SHEARS. Successful hotel management requires an ability and genius no less pronounced than is demanded in other fields. It is not only a matter of successful business management but also of temperament, whereby the individual is enabled to infuse into his establishment the spirit of hospitality and of watchful care over the interests and comfort of his guests. In all these requirements Mr. Shears was proficient and as manager of the Grand and Gibson hotels in Cincinnati he became widely known. He was connected with the hotel business from his boyhood days until his demise. His birth occurred in the Clifton House, at Niagara Falls, Canada, on the 8th of September, 1849, his father, George P. Shears, being at that time and for some years thereafter proprietor of the Clifton House. Subsequently he removed with his family to Toronto, Canada, where he was connected with the Rossin House. Spending his boyhood days under the parental roof, Day Clifton Shears acquired a good education and after putting aside his text-books became identified with the banking business of Toronto. Later, however, he became his father's assistant in the hotel business and following the death of his father he removed to Toledo, Ohio, where he was identified with the Madison House until 1882. That year witnessed his arrival in Cincinnati where he became connected with the old Palace Hotel. In 1885 he took charge of the Emery and his success was such as to attract the attention of A. G. Corre. As a result in 1891 he was chosen vice president and general manager of the A. G. Corre CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 959 Hotel Company which owned both the Grand Hotel and the Gibson House. He assumed control of these hotels in his official capacity and with his usual ability succeeded in winning them rating with the leading hotels of the country. That he ranked prominently in hotel circles is indicated by the fact that he was for many years retained in the presidency of the Hotel Men's Mutual Benefit Association of the United States and was also honored with the presidency of the Ohio State Hotel Association. He early ranked as the most influential hotel man of this city. He held to high ideals of service to the public and was a pioneer inasmuch as he inaugurated many improvements that constituted a source of benefit to the business and of comfort and convenience to the traveling public. Not alone in business lines, however, was his activity put forth. That he was a public-spirited citizen was shown in his enthusiastic support of the fall festival and by his earnest work as a member of the association for the festival. His sympathies were quickly aroused by a call for aid and the necessitous individual found in him a friend whose assistance was timely and generous. Moreover he was a director of the House of Refuge and in his death that institution lost one of its most able advocates. He was also a direction of the Protestant Episcopal Hospital for Children. For a number of years he served as a vestryman in Christ Episcopal church and took an active and helpful interest in various departments of the church work. He became one of the organizers of the Church Club and served as its president, his religious faith continually finding exemplification in his daily life and his relations to his fellowmen. Fraternally he was a Mason, attaining the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and he was also a member of the New England Society. On the 22d of October, 1874, Mr. Shears was united in marriage to Miss Belle Roberts, of Glendale, Ohio, daughter of Britton and Hester (Martin) Roberts, old and highly respected pioneers of this state. For almost thirty years Mr. and Mrs. Shears traveled life's journey happily together but were separated by the hand of death, at Asheville, North Carolina, on the 27th of March, 1902, when Mr. Shears was called to his final rest. In him business ability and broad humanitarianism constituted an even balance. Friendship and citizenship were never to him idle terms. He sought the welfare and progress of his community and again and again proved his loyalty to those to whom he gave his friendship and regard. It was the quality of sincerity in all of his relations of life that largely won for Mr. Shears the esteem in which he was uniformly held. ROBERT. H. WEST. Robert H. West, of the firm of Long, West & Company, live-stock commission merchants, and for many years one of the most prominent citizens of Cincinnati, was born at Louisville, Kentucky, January 17, 1847. He has made his home in this city ever since his boyhood and through his own exertions has risen to a position of influence seldom accorded to any man in a large and growing municipality. His father, Captain John Armstrong West, was well known 960 - CINCINNATI THE QUEEN CITY as a steamboat captain operating on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers between Louisville and New Orleans before the Civil war. He died in 1859. In 1859 Robert H. West, then a boy, of twelve years, landed in Cincinnati from Louisville, having made the trip in the old Magnolia, a noted steamboat, which was wrecked in the Ohio river in 1868. He was an entire stranger in the city and had not a single acquaintance where now he can number them by the thousand. He was obliged to depend upon his own exertions for a livelihood and began by selling newspapers. He later secured a position in the cigar store of Joseph A. Patterson, on Fourth street near Vine, and continued with Mr. Patterson during the Civil war, making his home in his employer's f amily. He was later employed by Krohn, Fiess & Company, manufacturers of cigars, in this city. In 1875, having in the meantime married, he associated with his father-in-law, Daniel Wunder, in the live-stock commission business, under the title of Daniel Wunder & Company. Mr. Wunder was a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and came to Cincinnati in 1831. He was a butcher and killed cattle which he purchased in the market, until 1857 when he entered the live-stock commission business, being the first live-stock commission man in Cincinnati. Mr. Wunder retired from business in 1877 and died eight years later. Upon the retirement of his partner, Mr. West admitted as his associate in business Sigmund Long but they still continued to use the title of Daniel Wunder & Company. In 1882 C. H. Dater entered the firm and the name was changed to Long, West & Company, .the business constantly growing in importance. Mr. Dater's interest was acquired in 1885 by David F. Brown and since that time the business has been conducted under the title of Long, West & Company, the partners being Robert H. West, Sigmund Long and David F. Brown. This is one of the oldest and most substantial commission houses of Cincinnati and can claim patrons in all parts of the country tributary to this market. Although Mr. West has devoted his main energies to the commission business he has been very active and successful in other lines and in the course of many years has associated in important affairs with many of the leaders in this city. He was one of five persons who took out the charter for the Brighton-German Bank and has ever since been a director of that institution. He was a director of the old American National Bank which was later absorbed by the Third National Bank. The Third National and Fifth National Banks consolidated, forming the Fifth-Third National Bank, and Mr. West is a stockholder in this institution. In 1891, when the Ohio state legislature created the board of trustees of the Cincinnati Public Library, Mr. West was appointed one of the seven trustees and he is the only member to serve continuously to the present time. He has occupied the chair as president of the building committee of the board ever since the Carnegie Fund became available and during that time the committee has built nine branch libraries in Cincinnati, expending over three hundred and twenty thousand dollars, every dollar of which has been satisfactorily accounted for. In 1898 Mr. West was elected president of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and conducted his office so admirably that upon retiring from the position he was presented with a beautiful loving cup by the members of "Change." Never before nor since has a loving cup been given a retiring president from the rostrum of the Chamber of Commerce while that CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 961 body was in session, this being a unique honor. Retiring presidents have been presented with loving cups but not under the conditions that were observed when Mr. West received the testimonial of his associates as to his justice and worth. The presentation speech was made by General Michael Ryan and was one of the happiest efforts of that noted orator. Mr. West is also an active member of the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati and served as trustee when the club moved into quarters in the Chamber of Commerce building, which was destroyed by fire in January, 1911. He has very acceptably filled the office of president of the Receivers and Shippers Association of Cincinnati for four years, but on account of pressure of business was forced to decline reelection. This association is one of the most active organizations of the city and is composed of about three hundred of the largest freight handlers. The people of Cincinnati owe a debt of gratitude to Mr. West for his effective work in opposing the Louisville & Nashville Railway Company in its effort to take possession of the Cincinnati Public Landing (the river front), for the use of the railway. The movement of the railway company was successfully resisted by Mr. West and other public-spirited citizens after the city council had granted the right to the railroad company to occupy the land. In 1868 Mr. West was married in this city to Miss Sarah Katharine Wunder and they have two children : Alice W., who is the wife of Albert W. Schell, of this city ; and Robert H., Jr., who is in partnership with Mr. Schell, with offices in the First National Bank building. Fraternally Mr. West is identified with the Masonic order, belonging to the blue lodge, chapter, commandery and shrine. His life has been one of great activity along lines of benefit to the entire community, and it would be difficult to name a man now living in Cincinnati who has been more zealous in promoting the general welfare. Notwithstanding his large expenditure of time and energy in behalf of the city, he has prospered in his business, as he possesses unusual powers of concentration and judgment. He is a man of large and varied experience, always courteous and kindly in manner, and thoroughly in accord with all progressive movements. By nature and training he is an acknowledged leader, and he recognized that in selecting Cincinnati as his home he made no mistake, for here he has succeeded even beyond the brightest dreams of his youth. JAMES ROBERT HAILE. James Robert Haile is well known in Cincinnati where for many years he was connected with mercantile interests but is now living retired, having passed the seventy-second milestone on life's journey. His birth occurred in Brookville, Indiana, his natal day being July 12, 1839. He is a brother of Dr. George W. Haile, mentioned elsewhere in this volume, and is the eldest in a family of four children whose parents were M. W. and Rachel (John) Haile. At the usual age he entered the public schools and after completing his education engaged in clerking in his father's drug store in Brookville. In September, 1860, however, he sought the wider opportunities of a larger city and came to Cincinnati, where he secured a clerkship in the store of his uncle, S. S. Cooper, a 962 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY merchant in dried fruits, with whom he remained in that capacity for two or three years. He was then admitted to a partnership under the name of Cooper & Haile, which connection was continued for several years, after which they entered the commission business, the partnership relations being maintained until about 1870. Mr. Haile then continued as a commission merchant under the firm name of James R. Hale & Company, with offices on Vine street, between Second and Front. In 1878 he closed out his business and accepted a salaried position with Clark & Kennedy, with whom he remained for two years. In 1880 he entered the commission field on his own account, establishing business on Front street, under the firm name of James R. Haile & Company. Later he removed to Walnut street, where he conducted his business affairs until his retirement from active life in April, 1901. In connection with his brother, Dr. Haile, he owns several valuable pieces of real estate and they also are stockholders in railroads, telephone companies, etc. Mr. Haile gives his attention now only to the supervision of his invested interests and the collection of his rents. He has long been recognized as a man of sound judgment, sagacity and enterprise, and as the years have gone by the soundness of his judgment in business affairs has been demonstrated in the success which he has attained in his efforts. On October 12, 1866, Mr. Haile was united in marriage to Miss Sarah J. Rankin, of Cincinnati, a daughter of William Rankin, who was one of the early pioneers of this city. They became the parents of a son, Dr. Bert R. Haile, who was a graduate of the Ohio Medical College, with t1900.ass of 1899, but died in 19oo. The wife and mother passed away in 1873. For more than a half century Mr. Haile has been a resident of this city and has long occupied a conspicuous and enviable position in business circles, managing and controlling interests which have brought him substantial returns. His worth as an individual and citizen is widely acknowledged and the warm regard entertained for him by all with whom he has come in contact attests the fact that his strongly marked characteristics are those of honorable manhood. FREDERICK CHARLES. VOGEL, PH. G., M. D. A comprehensive knowledge of drugs and their remedial power as well as a thorough understanding of the great scientific principles and laws of health have qualified Dr. Frederick C. Vogel for the work to which he is now giving his undivided attention. He was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, February 8, 1876, and is a son of Frederick John and Christina (Hoefer) Vogel, who were also natives of Wurtemberg. At length the father determined to try his fortune in America, having heard many favorable reports concerning the opportunities and advantages of the new world. He therefore crossed the Atlantic and has since been a resident of Cincinnati, where he is now living retired. For many years, however, he was a member of the firm of Simon Wolfstein & Company, tanners, and in that connection developed a business of considerable importance whereby he was enabled to put by something year by year for the evening of life and now, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 965 with a handsome competence to provide for his needs and comforts, he is enjoying a well earned rest. Dr. Vogel was educated in the public schools and made his initial step in the business world as an employe in the drug store of George Eger & Company. Gradually he worked his way upward in that connection and in order to further fit himself for the duties that devolved upon him, entered the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy and completed a course with the class of 1896. In the meantime his deep interest in the practice of medicine was aroused and with the intention of making this his life work he matriculated in the Ohio Medical College and was graduated in 1900. Both, at the college of pharmacy and the medical school, he had taken first prizes and his high standing secured him appointment to the position of interne in Cincinnati Hospital, where he remained until 1902, gaining broad and valuable experience in hospital practice. He then went to Europe for post-graduate study, spending some time in Berlin and Vienna, where he made himself familiar with the methods of a number of the most distinguished physicians and surgeons of the old world. Since 1903 he has been engaged in private practice in Cincinnati, having his office at No. 318 Findlay street. He has been a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine since 1905 and also holds membership relations with the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the West End Medical Society. This contact with his fellow practitioners stimulates his interest and activity in the work. He is always patient and persevering and neglects no effort that can in any way prove of benefit in his professional service. Dr. Vogel was married to Miss Martha Forn, a daughter of August Forn, of Cincinnati, and they have three children, Frederick C., Carl and Martha. Dr. Vogel has spent the greater part of his life in Cincinnati and is, therefore, well known here. He is yet a young man but has already attained a position which many an older practitioner might well envy. He spares no effort on his part if it can promote his efficiency, and his comprehensive study and reading have been the basis of his present gratifying success. JOHN ALEXANDER GRAYDON. As treasurer of The Macdonald & Kiley Shoe Company for the past six years John A. Graydon has become recognized as one of the capable and promising young business men of Cincinnati. He was born in this city, on the 9th of August, 1878, and is a son of the late Dr. Thomas W. and Ann H. Graydon. The father, who was a native of County Fermanagh, Ireland, his birth having occurred on the 21st of April, 1850, emigrated to the United States locating in the vicinity of Rock Island in 1868. Having no trade and being entirely dependent upon his own resources he was compelled to accept any employment he could find and for a time worked as a farm hand. He was an ambitious youth, however, and had much higher aspirations, so he practiced the most rigid economy thus acquiring the means to enable him to attend the college at Davenport, Iowa. Later he went to the State University at Iowa City where he completed his academic course. Having decided to adopt the medical profession for his life vocation, 966 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY he came to Cincinnati in 1875 where he pursued his professional studies, after the completion of which he established an office and engaged in practice. He was a capable physician and readily became recognized as such, meeting with most gratifying success in his profession. Dr. Graydon was in every sense of the word a self-made man, the success which attended his endeavors being the well merited reward of his unaided efforts. He was still in his prime when he passed away in 1900, being only fifty years of age. Reared amid the refining influences of a good home environment John A. Graydon obtained his preliminary education in both the private and public schools of Cincinnati, graduating from the high school in 1896, following which he entered Harvard University, from which institution he received his degree with the class of 1900. After the completion of his education he returned home to assume the management of his father's estate, of which he had the entire charge until 1905, when he became treasurer of The Macdonald & Kiley Company. They are manufacturers of men's fine shoes, which retail for from five to seven dollars. The business is one of the thriving industries of the city, the quality and merit of their brand being recognized to be of the highest standard and their goods are sold throughout the United States ; their factory gives employment to one hundred and fifty people. On the 1st of June, 1905, Mr. Graydon was united in marriage to Miss Mary Kellogg, and they have become the parents of two children ; John, who is five years of age, and Charles Kellogg, who is three. Mr. and Mrs. Graydon are communicants of the Episcopal church, while he is also affiliated with the Queen City, Country and Harvard Clubs. His political support he gives to the candidates of the republican party, but he does not seek in politics the means to obtain office or other party rewards. Mr. Graydon is meeting with success in his business, and since identifying himself with commercial interests has given evidence of possessing those qualities which enable the enterprising man to attain his ambition. AUGUST JAN SZEN. The German-Americans constitute a large proportion of the population of Cincinnati and many other important cities of the United States and by their industry, frugality and unfailing courage and perseverance have in many instances gained places of responsibility and influence. August Janszen, of A. Janszen & Company, wholesale grocers, Second and Walnut streets, is an illustrious example of the class named and is one of the honored men of the city. He belongs to a noble German family and was born at Mintewede, Oldenburg, Germany, November 21, 1840, and is a son. of Otto Joseph and Elizabeth (Schumacher) Janszen. The father spent his entire life in his native town and died in 1850. His body reposes in the Catholic churchyard of Mintewede. Mr. Janszen of this sketch attended the parochial schools until fourteen years of age. He then engaged in farm work to which he applied himself diligently for two years. At the age of seventeen he was apprenticed to learn the milling business and continued for three years in that line. In 1861, in company CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 967 with a brother, he went aboard a sailing vessel at Bremen, which was bound for Baltimore, Maryland. They landed in the new world after a voyage of eleven weeks and four days, and immediately took a train to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he enjoyed his first dinner in America. From this city their journey was westward, but the train stopped between Pittsburg and Columbus in the midst of a forest and the engine was detached, leaving the cars standing on the track for nine hours with one hundred and forty-nine emigrants. There was no water to drink and no food except what the passengers were so fortunate as to be supplied with. The cries of the children aroused the sympathies of the men and soon parties were to be seen searching in the surrounding country for water. A supply was at last found about half a. mile away and the wants of old and young were provided for. By a peculiar fortune Mr. Janszen and his brother were the only passengers aboard the train who possessed the necessary liquid refreshment. The brother was ill with a swelling of the foot and a physician at Pittsburg advised him to drink no water. Consequently the two travelers had provided themselves with two gallons of black coffee which proved indeed a welcome substitute for the usual beverage. Mr. Janszen met with another unexpected experience after arriving at Cincinnati. He bargained with an expressman at the depot to convey his baggage to a certain destination in the city for seventy-five cents. Upon delivering the baggage the expressman demanded double that amount. Although in a strange city surrounded by strangers the young man was not to be imposed upon and voiced his indignation in such vigorous terms that the expressman was glad enough to receive the amount originally agreed upon. At that time Mr. Janszen had three dollars in his possession as his total capital stock with which to make a start in a new country. He secured employment in a livery establishment under a Mr. Upphoff who is now deceased, entering upon his work August 15. He filled this position faithfully for eleven months and received one hundred and thirty dollars in wages out of which he saved one hundred dollars. This amount he loaned at six per cent and an idea may be formed as to his frugality when it is stated that the loan had grown to two hundred dollars before he called for it. At the end of the eleven months named he resigned his position at the livery stable to become a coachman but just as he was preparing to enter upon his new responsibility the old coachman was retained and he found himself without employment. However, he was not a man who would long be willing to continue idle and after engaging in various vocations he associated with his brother in teaming with such success that in 1875, when he retired from business, they had accumulated forty thousand dollars. Thirty-six years ago he entered the wholesale grocery business in which he has been remarkably successful. The building now occupied by this business is one hundred and thirty-two by two hundred feet in foundation area and consists of seven stories covering one hundred and fifty-eight thousand square feet of floor space. The firm gives employment to seventy persons and maintains an average force of eighteen traveling men in the field, being known as one of the most flourishing establishments of the kind in Cincinnati. Mr. Janszen is also a member of the board of directors of the Merchants Ice & Cold Storage Company and for fifteen years past has been treasurer of the Eagle No. i Building Society. 968 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY He has been three times married. The maiden name of his present wife was Annie Lemker. His first wife was Miss Louise Bernens and one child, Joseph A., was born to this union. He is now manager of his father's store. The second wife was Miss Mary Altenau and to this union six children were born, namely : Katie, who is the wife of Frank Harpenau, cashier of A. Janszen & Company; B. F. and H. G., both of whom are salesmen under their father; Lawrence, who is a bookkeeper with the same firm; Marie, who married Harry Smith, shipping clerk under Mr. Janszen; and August Jr., who was graduated at St. Mary's Institute in June, 1911, and now is employed with his father. Mr. Janszen was reared in the folds of the Catholic church and has through life adhered to its teachings, being a valued member of St. Lawrence church, Cincinnati. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Columbus. He and his family occupy a commodious residence at No. 3926 Glenway avenue, which he erected in 1882. He has made his home in Cincinnati for fifty years and from a poor boy, who had only his own strong and willing arms to depend upon, he has become a leader in business circles of the city. He is recognized by his associates as absolutely straightforward and reliable and there are few business men in Cincinnati who are so highly respected as the gentleman whose record is here briefly set forth. FLORENCE M. POLLOCK, M. D. Dr. Florence M. Pollock, engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery in Cincinnati, her native city, has become well established in her chosen field because her preparation was thorough and her devotion to her professional duties is widely recognized. She is a daughter of Joseph C. and Florence Graham (Clark) Pollock. Her grandfather, Joseph Pollock, Sr., was a native of Virginia, born at Mount Jackson, Shenandoah county, in 1803, and on the 9th of December, 1824, married Sarah J. Collins. For about two decades they resided in the Old Dominion and on the 3d of October, 1843, arrived in Cincinnati, Mr. Pollock becoming a prominent factor in early commercial circles of this city as one of the firm of Pollock, Wilson & Company, dealers in saddlery hardware. He was a Mason, loyal to the teachings of the craft, and his well spent life .won him the honor and regard of those with whom he was associated. He died in this city, November I, 1887, at the advanced age of eighty-four years. His son, Joseph C. Pollock, was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, (then Virginia) May 10, 1839, and was only about four years of age when brought by his parents to Cincinnati. His education was acquired in the old Herron Seminary and after entering business life he traveled extensively for different firms, becoming widely known in this way. He was married in 1862 to Miss Florence G. Clark, a daughter of Isaiah and Margaret (Corwine) Clark. Her father came to this section from New Jersey and her mother was born in Maysville, Kentucky, in 1813. They were married in 1831, and soon afterward removed to Cincinnati where Mr. Clark established himself in business, becoming the first piano manufacturer in the west. He continued his interests along that line as a member of the firm of Clark & Steel. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 969 Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Joseph C. Pollock established their home in Cincinnati and here resided until Mr. Pollock passed away on the 19th of August, 1909, at the age of seventy years. He was long a devoted member of the Central Presbyterian church, took an active and helpful part in the different lines of church work and was a very devoted and earnest Christian man, honored and respected by all who knew him. Unto him and his wife were born three children who are yet living: Charles C., a resident of Indiana; Grace; and Dr. Florence M. Pollock. The last named pursued her early education in Cincinnati, becoming a student in the Walnut Hills high school, and then, determining to make the practice of medicine her life work, began reading under the direction of Dr. F. E. Kinney. Subsequently she entered the Pulte Medical College, from which she was graduated in 1903, after which she went into the Ohio Hospital for Women and Children as house physician, there continuing until 1906, when she became dean of the same hospital and so continued until 1910. During these years she was also engaged in private practice. She practiced with offices at No. 720 West Seventh street until October, 1910, when she removed to her present location at No. 721 East McMillan street. In the meantime, on the 3d of November, 1909, Dr. Pollock became the wife of Frank. H. Sawyer who is a traveling salesman for the United States Leather Company. He was born in Portland, Maine, June 7, 1865, and has traveled in the west for sixteen years. He holds membership with the Odd Fellows society at Portland, Maine. Dr. Pollock is a member of the Lyceum, the Miami Valley Medical Society, the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society and the American Institute of Homeopathy. Modest and unassuming in manner and with pleasing personality, she has built up a satisfactory practice which indicates that her skill and ability have enabled her to successfully cope with the intricate problems that continuously confront the physician. JOHN GALVIN. The profession of law gives excellent opportunity for men of ability to gain recognition and it was through this channel that John Galvin came to the notice of the people of Cincinnati. For more than a quarter of a century he has been an active and able advocate in the courts, and in offices of trust and responsibility he has demonstrated his personal worth. He ranks today among the leaders of the Cincinnati bar, and as a man of well proven integrity has a host of friends who stand ready to indorse him for any position to which he may aspire. He is a native of this city, born on Mulberry street near Main, June 13, 1862. His father, Maurice Galvin, was a native of the Emerald isle and was born in 1827. At the age of twenty years, believing that the land of opportunity lay westward, he crossed the ocean and in 1851 arrived in Cincinnati. He was married in this city January 13, 1857, to Miss Ellen Cronin, who was born in Cincinnati, August 6, 1836. John Galvin received his preliminary education in the public schools of Covington, Kentucky, and was graduated from the Covington high school in 970 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY June, 1880, being then eighteen years of age. Attracted to the study of law, he entered the Cincinnati Law School and was graduated in May, 1883, with the degree of LL. B. He has practiced continuously in this city since his admission to the bar and either as a public official or in a private capacity has endeavored to perform his whole duty. He was appointed assistant city solicitor May I, 1887, and remained in this office until May 1, 1894. On January 1, 1908, he became vice mayor of the city, a position which he held until July 27, 1909, when through the death of Mayor Markbreit he succeeded to the office of mayor, a responsibility which he discharged until January 1, 1910. He has since filled the office of vice mayor, his present term expiring January 1, 1912. As he possesses rare tact, clear judgment and the fortitude to follow the course which he deems right and just, he has as a public official won the approval of the best citizens irrespective of party and is one of the highly popular men of Cincinnati. On the 28th of February, 1889, at Covington, Mr. Galvin was married to Miss Julie Edair Cusson, a daughter of Leon and Elizabeth Cusson. One child, Julie Elizabeth, was born to this union March 29, 1900. In politics Mr. Galvin gives his support to the republican party and he is an active worker in the Young Men's Blaine Club and the Stamina Republican League. He has been a member of Cincinnati Lodge, B. P. 0. E., since October, 1887, and has proven one of its most efficient organizers and workers. In recognition of his interest in the order he was elected exalted ruler of the lodge and served from April, 1896, to April, 1897. He was next advanced to the highest position in the order, that of grand exalted ruler of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks of the United States of America. This office he filled most acceptably from June r, 1898, to June I, 1899. He is also a member of the Business Men's Club and the Pen and Pencil Club. He is a man of pronounced social instincts, courteous and affable in demeanor, and a true lover of home, family, friends, city and native land. He is an eloquent and often witty speaker and as an advocate at the bar he has few superiors. Notwithstanding the time he has devoted to public affairs his private interests have been ably managed and he has the satisfaction of having performed his duty in accumulating a competency for his family. He was especially fortunate in the selection of a wife whom he pronounced "the best woman on earth," and his friends will readily agree that the head of the family proved one of the best mayors Cincinnati has known. STEPHEN P. SANDS. To those who know aught of Masonry it is evident that when one lives up to the teachings of the order he embodies in his life the noblest elements of manhood, the highest qualities of citizenship. In Stephen P. Sands the Knight Templar Commandery of Cincinnati found an exemplary representative and felt deep sorrow over his loss when, on the 27th of October, 1910, he was called from this life. His birth occurred in Washington, D. C., on the 23d of February, 1844, and he represented an old family, prominent in connection with the Society of Friends in the early part of the nineteenth century. This family was founded in CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 971 Cincinnati during the pioneer epoch in the history of the city. Stephen P. Sands at the early age of seventeen years responded to the country's call for aid, enlisting but a few months after the outbreak of the Civil war as a member of the Union army. The day of his enlistment was October 4, 1861, and he continued at the front until mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, with the rank of corporal, on the 3d of January, 1863. Soon after his return from the front Mr. Sands became identified with the L. M. Dayton Nut & Bolt Works of Cincinnati, Ohio, and was thus long identified with the industrial and manufacturing interests of the city. About 1895, however, he entered the government service as cashier of the customs office. About 1900 he was made examiner of merchandise and held that position until he was again appointed cashier. This appointment came to him on the 12th of September, 1910, but three or four days after he had resumed the office there came upon him the illness that three weeks later terminated his life. Mr. Sands found his chief pleasure in promoting the welfare of his wife and he also enjoyed entertaining his friends. He was of a most modest and somewhat reserved nature. He delighted, however, in the happiness of others and was most charitable, giving freely and generously to help the poor. He never refused aid when it could possibly be given and his kindly assistance enabled many a man to start again upon the road toward better and higher things. He was a great lover of children and many times he would purchase candy and other sweets which are a delight to the child, and have Mrs. Sands bake cakes. Then the children of the neighborhood would be invited in and to them would be distributed the delicacies that had been prepared. It was characteristic of the modest, almost bashful nature of Mr. Sands, that on such occasions he would keep out of sight, fearing also that his presence would cause a restraint among the little ones. But he took great pleasure in thus providing for their entertainment and as they took their departure he would station himself at the window and watch the happy throng as they tripped away from his door. This was but one phase of the many ways in which he helped his fellowmen and added to the sunshine of life for others. Mr. Sands was long a devoted member of the Masonic fraternity. He was received into Vattier Lodge, No. 3860, as a master Mason, on the 5th of December, 1867, and after filling various minor positions was elected worshipful master in 1891. He became a Royal Arch Mason in Kilwinning Chapter, No. 87, R. A. M., in April, 1869, and was created a Knight Templar in Cincinnati Commandery, No. 3, K. T., on the 24th of May, 1874. In this branch of the order he was also honored with official preferment, serving as eminent commander from 1882 until 1884. He was elected grand commander of the grand commandery of Ohio in 1898 and became widely known among the followers of beausant in Ohio. He attained the fourteenth degree of the Scottish Rite in Gibulum Lodge of Perfection, December 2, 1880; the sixteenth degree in Dalcho Council of the Princes of Jerusalem, December 16, 1880 ; and the eighteenth degree in the Cincinnati Grand Chapter of the Rose Croix, December 30, 1880. Thence he advanced to the thirty-second degree, becoming a member of Ohio Sovereign Consistory, January 27, 1881, and was crowned a thirty-third degree Mason, September 19, 1893. He was made an honorary member of the supreme council of the northern jurisdiction, A. A. S. R., and was elected master of ceremonies in Gibulum Lodge, 972 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY May 22, 1883, serving continuously in that position until his death. In a memorial published by the Knight Templars of Ohio in 1910 it was said : "Calm and dignified and courteous to a degree, he won the love and respect of all ranks and classes ; strong in his conviction of right, still he never ruled in a proud or imperious manner, and thus won for himself the universal esteem and confidence of his brethren and friends. A good man and true has been called to his reward. "And they may feel who loved him most A pride so holy and so pure ; Fate hath no power o'er those who boast A treasure thus secure." JESSE LOWMAN. A liberal literary as well as classical education and thorough professional training, well qualified Jesse Lowman for the practice of law and the large clientage accorded him is indicative of the enviable position which he has won as a follower of the profession. Cincinnati numbers him among her native sons, his birth having occurred here, on the 1st of October, 1863. His parents were James and Bertha (Werner) Lowman. The father was a resident of Cincinnati for over sixty years and ranked as one of the leading merchants of the city. The only public position which he ever held was that of a member of the committee of safety at the time of the courthouse riots of 1884. He was classed, however, with the city's leading philanthropists and was the main stay of the Jewish Hospital and the Home for the Jewish Aged and Infirm, acting as president of both institutions for many years, or until his death. If, as has been said, "The measure of our success is not the good that comes to us but the good that comes to the world through us," then James Lowman was a most successful man. His prosperity in business affairs enabled him to give expression to the kindly spirit and benevolent purposes which ruled his life. In the public schools of his native city, Jesse Lowman pursued his education through consecutive grades until graduated from the Hughes high school. His more specifically literary education was acquired in Harvard College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1884. He then entered the Harvard Law School, of which he is an alumnus of 1887. Following his admission to the bar his initial experience in connection with the work of the courts came to him in connection with the office of Paxton & Warrington, with which firm he remained for two years. Subsequently he formed a partnership with W. H. Mackoy & Covington and under the name of Mackoy & Lowman continued in practice for fifteen years, since which time he has been alone. Important interests have been entrusted to him and he now has a clientage of large and representative character. He is also executor and trustee of several important estates and is connected with leading business interests of the city, his sound judgment finding expression in plans for the development and expansion of business concerns with which he is associated as well as in the practice of his profession. The only political office he has ever filled is that of city solicitor CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 973 of Cincinnati from 1905 until 1907 but he was secretary of the Cincinnati Bar Association from 1895 until 1897 and a trustee of the Mercantile Library Association in 1903-4. On the 20th of January, 1895, in Cincinnati, Mr. Lowman was united in marriage to Miss Marie Therese Fries, a daughter of Gustave R. Fries, and a representative of a family of distinction. Her great-grandfather was decorated by Napoleon I for bravery, and her uncle was knighted by the King of Spain for distinguished services to that country, while her grand-uncle was archbishop of, Strasburg, Germany. Mrs. Lowman has become the mother of one daughter, Marjorie Therese Lowman, fourteen years of age. The family are prominent socially and Mr. Lowman holds membership in two of the leading clubs of the city—the Queen City and the Losantiville Country Club. He has been an advocate of democracy since attaining his majority but was a strong opponent of the doctrine of bi-metalism and other Bryan principles. He went as a delegate to the gold convention at Columbus and has frequently been a delegate to county conventions. In 1903 his party nominated him for state senator. His ambition, however, is not in the line of office holding but rather in the profession of law, to which he is deeply devoted, finding in the science of jurisprudence full scope for intellectual activity and for the employment of the energy and enterprise, which have ever been among his marked characteristics. CHARLES HOPPE & COMPANY. One of the thriving and more recent enterprises of Cincinnati is that of Charles Hoppe & Company. This was established in 1898 by six men, three of whom, Charles Hoppe, Philip Gaukel and Carl Becker, bought the interest of the others and formed a partnership. In 1911 Carl Becker retired from the firm. They are artistic brass founders, and chase, engrave and etch all kinds of metal and ivory, in addition to which they manufacture metal goods of all descriptions, also ornaments and trimmings, such as are used in the regalia of fraternal organizations. Their plant is located at 121 Opera place, where they employ. on an average forty men, all of whom are experts in their particular line. During the thirteen years it has been established the business developed in a most gratifying manner, having become widely known and extensively patronized. Charles Hoppe was born in Solingen, Prussia, Germany, which is known as the sword city, because so many of these weapons are made there. He is a son of Gustave and Caroline (Becker) Hoppe, both of whom spent their entire lives in the fatherland, the former having passed away in 1858 and the mother in 1894. Of this union there were born two children : Gustave, who is a resi dent of New York city ; and Charles, our subject. After the completion of his education Charles Hoppe was apprenticed to a swordmaker, which trade he mastered at the age of eighteen years. In 1860 he emigrated to the United States, locating at Newark, New Jersey, where he resided for eleven years. At the expiration of that period he went to (New York city, entering the employment of D. B. Howell & Company, prominent sword manufacturers, with whom Vol. III-45 974 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY he continued to be identified until 1882, when he went into business for himself. He is also a skilled silversmith and after his business was established was often engaged by Tiffany & Company to execute orders. In 1890 he disposed of his interests and coming to Cincinnati entered the service of The Pettibone Brothers Manufacturing Company, which firm had purchased his business in New York. He superintended their metal department until 1898 when he became associated with five others and they bought this branch of The Pettibone Brothers Manufacturing Company. In 1875 Mr. Hoppe was united in marriage to Miss Mary Emme, who emigrated from Hamburg, Germany, in 1872. Four children were born unto Mr. and Mrs. Hoppe: Bertha, Olga and Ewol, who are living, and Dora, the eldest, who died at the age of twenty-eight. The mother passed away in 1907 and in 1908, Mr. Hoppe married Miss Kate Guenther, a daughter of August Guenther of Cincinnati. He is a member of the Maccabees, Knights and Ladies of Security and the North Side Turners. Philip Gaukel was born in Cincinnati in 1865 and is a son of Frank Gaukel and Fredericka (Metzger) Gaukel, who were born at Heidelberg, Germany. and came to America and Cincinnati about 1849. As his education was always confined to commercial lines he has entire charge of the business management of the firm of Charles Hoppe & Company. His first position was with Peter G. Thomson, with whom he continued for ten years. In 1889 he went with The Pettibone Brothers Manufacturing Company, and for three years was manager of their factory. He severed his connection with them in 1904 to become associated with the company with which he has ever since continued to be identified. Mr. Gaukel was married in 1888 to Miss Margaret Messmer, a daughter of William Messmer of Cincinnati. Six children have been born of this union : Ida, Flora, Carrie, Philip, Ella and Carl. He belongs to several fraternal organizations and is an active member of the Turners. Carl Becker, who has since severed his connection with the firm, was born at Rathenow, Prussia, in 1863. He was the son of Carl and Fredericka (Schmidt) Becker. There he continued to reside until 1882 when he came to the United States, locating in Cincinnati. He was a locksmith by trade, following that occupation until 1898, when he bought an interest in the firm of Charles Hoppe & Company. In 1886 he was married to Miss Bertha Beckman of Cincinnati, who bore him four children : Bertha, Vina, Carl and Martha. Mrs. Becker passed away and in 1903 married Miss Theresa Laemmle. Mr. Becker is now superintendent of the metal department of The Pettibone Brothers Manufacturing Company. The three members of the firm of Charles Hoppe & Company, during the period of their identification with the commercial interests of Cincinnati have become recognized as capable business men, whose high principles and honorable methods of conducting their enterprise have been prominent factors in their success.