150 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Eighth Division of Ohio Militia, on September 7, 1832, and served until September, 1836, when he was elected major of the regiment, thus serving until September, 1841, when he was elected lieutenant colonel. In September, 1844, he was chosen colonel and so served until September, 1847, when he resigned. He was the most popular and efficient officer of the county and his command was not excelled by any company of the State Militia. When not engaged in official duties Colonel Roudebush gave all his time to agricultural pursuits. At the outbreak of the Civil war, in 1861, he had passed the age when subject to military duty and none of his sons were old enough for service yet he paid out of his pocket over one thousand dollars to relieve the township from draft and for soldiers' bounties. On September 13, 1862, he was appointed provost marshal of Clermont county, serving until the repeal of the system in 1863. In 1870 he was elected a member of the state board of equalization and took a very active part in its sessions of 1870 and 1871, being the choice of a large number of the board for its president. He declined the honor; however, in favor of his intimate friend, Hon. William S. Groesbeck, of Cincinnati, Colonel Roudebush was the administrator and executor of many estates. He settled that of his grandmother, Mrs. Christina (Snively) Roudebush, and that of his father, in 1835, after which time he administered many and also acted as guardian for many minors. While long in public office he received but little compensation for his services, most of his work being done gratuitously, yet he was remarkably successful in the acquisition of wealth through his capable management of his business affairs. On the 11th of December, 1849, William Roudebush married Elizabeth Clark, a daughter of Orson and Nancy (Corbly) Clark, and unto them were born two children : William Franklin and George Milton, the former the father of William A. and Allen C. Roudebush. On January 13, 1850, William Roudebush removed from Stonelick township, where his entire life had thus far been passed, to Wayne township, where he purchased two hundred and twelve acres of woodland. In April, 1847, he purchased six hundred acres of General S. H. R. Gresham, of Georgia, and after selling four hundred acres cleared and improved the remainder. In 1853 he purchased one hundred and forty-five acres in General Lytle's survey, out of which he made an addition to the town of Newtonville and sold many lots, also donating one for the Baptist church, to which he also gave the largest subscription. In 1870, associate with Sylvester Shriner and David Jones, he built the chair factory at Newtonville and soon bought out his partners. In July, 1848, he purchased two hundred and twenty-four acres adjoining his homestead and in 1859 bought two hundred and sixty-three acres in Stonelick, later, however, selling portions of this. Subsequent to 1860 he bought and sold several farms and his landed possesions later aggregated eighteen hundred acres in Clermont county, eleven hundred being in Wayne township. From 1850 until 1880 he engaged almost exclusively in farming, but during that period he served several years as president of the Milford, Edenton & Woodville Turnpike Company, and afterward became president of the Cincinnati, Fayetteville, Hillsboro & Huntington Railroad, of which he became a large stockholder. He was also a heavy stockholder in the First National Bank of Batavia, one of the directors from its organization, and for many years its vice president. He ever took a deep interest in educational CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 151 matters, frequently serving on the township board of education. One writing of him before his death said : "Colonel Roudebush, although over three score years, and ten, is still as active as ever, physically and mentally, and is a type of Ohio's successful farmers. His stern integrity, his patriotism, his charitable disposition, and pure, unsullied character have never been questioned, and his ability and energy are known and recognized and esteemed throughout the country in which today, as he ever has been, he is a favorite. He belongs to that old school of gentlemen who believed in honor, honesty, and purity in official station, and aimed at success by labor and pure methods instead of the miserable devices and finesse that have too often characterized the lives of later public and business men of this progressive but, fast age, when riches are more speedily acquired, but by more questionable means, than a quarter of a century ago.” Elizabeth (Clark) Roudebush, the wife of Colonel Roudebush, was descended from noted Pennsylvania and Virginian families, subsequently honorably associated with the pioneer history of the northwest territory and with important events in Ohio. She was the second of thirteen children whose parents were Orson and Nancy (Corbly) Clark, and was born October 26, 1818, near Plainville, Ohio. A year later her parents removed to Miami county, settling in an almost unbroken forest and enduring many hardships and privations. In the, spring of 1829 a removal was made to Warren county and in 1832 they came with their family to Clermont county, settling in Withamsville, and in 1837 removed to Wayne township. In 1841 Mrs. Roudebush became a member of the Stonelick Baptist church and was ever a zealous, consistent Christian woman. On the 11th of December, 1849, she became the wife of Colonel Roudebush and they had two sons. The elder, William F., after a five-years' course in the Lebanon (Ohio) Normal School was graduated with honors in 1874 and in 1876 was graduated from the Cincinnati Law College. For thirty-three years he engaged in practice in Batavia and is now president of the First National Bank there. He married Ida Anderson, a daughter of Dr. W. S. Anderson, of Newtonville. In 1878, at the age of twenty-five he was appointed treasurer of Clairmont county to fill a vacancy, being the youngest man who ever held that or any other responsible county office in Clermont county. The second son, George M., attended the Lebanon Normal and afterward became his father's assistant in the management of his extensive property interests. Orson Clark, father of Mrs. Elizabeth (Clark) Roudebush, was born in Southampton county, Virginia, in February, 1792, came with his father, Judge Clark, to Ohio in 1797 and on May 25, 1815, married Nancy, a daughter of Rev. John Corbly. By his industry and capable business management Mr. Clark accumulated a handsome competence. He died in 1864, respected by all who knew him, because of his personal worth and progressive citizenship. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Nancy Corbly, was born January 21, 1800, near the present site of Mount Washington, Hamilton county, and died near Newtonville, Clermont county, June 30, 1877. For fifty-seven years she was a consistent member of the Baptist church. She came of honored ancestry on both sides and was ever a faithful and devoted mother, a kind and accommodating neighbor and a true and loyal Christian, ever conscientiously performing what she believed to be her duty in life. 152 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Judge James Clark, grandfather of Mrs. Elizabeth (Clark) Roudebush, was a distinguished pioneer of the northwest territory and . a prominent factor in shaping the history of the state in its formative. period. He was a man of literary and scholastic attainments, descended from a family noted for its patriotic participation in the Revolutionary era, both in civil life and in the Continental army, as well as in the French and Indian War. He removed from Southampton county, Virginia, to Ohio in .1797, settling in Hamilton county, and for a few years thereafter taught school. He was a celebrated mathematician and author of the Clark Arithmetic. He represented, Hamilton county in the seventh and eighth general assemblies of Ohio that convened in 1808, 1809 and 1810 in Chillicothe, winning distinction through his legislative service. For seven years he was associate judge of the common-pleas court of Hamilton county and filled other positions with rare ability and fidelity. He was one of the best type of the educated pioneers who with strong mind; indomitable will, Spartan courage and inflexible honesty guided and shaped the destiny of the state. Rev. John Corbly, Jr., the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Elizabeth (Clark) Roudebush, was born in Pennsylvania and became a Baptist preacher. About 1798 he removed to Hamilton county, Ohio, and founded the Clough church, being one of the first ministers of any denomination to preach in that locality and in Clermont county, and was the first representative of the Baptist clergy. He died near Mount Washington in 1814 and his widow afterward became the wife of Matthias Corwin, father of the distinguished lawyer, statesman and orator, Governor Thomas Corwin. Rev. John Corbly, Jr., was the father of twelve children, the fourth being Nancy, mother of Mrs. Elizabeth (Clark) Roudebush. He was an able and eloquent minister whose work was a power in the church. His father was the Rev. John Corbly, Sr., the ancestor of all the well known Corbly families in Clermont and Hamilton. counties. He was born in England in 1733 and at an early age emigrated to Pennsylvania, but being too poor to pay his passage across the ocean was sold, according to a custom prevalent in colonial days, for a period of four years. His term of service ended, he removed to Culpeper county, Virginia, and there was converted and soon afterward entered the ministry. That was a period of religious persecution in the colonies and many Baptist preachers were imprisoned, some as often as four times. Among these was Rev. John Corbly, Sr., who was confined in the Culpeper jail because of his teachings. In 1768 he removed to southwestern Pennsylvania where he actively continued his ministerial work organizing a number of churches 'which, in 1776, formed the Red Stone Association. Of one of these, the Goshen church, he was the beloved pastor for the last twenty-eight years of his life. During his ministry in the Red Association he had an appointment to preach on Big Whiteley Creek, about a mile from his home, on Sunday, May Do, 1772. He started through the woods with his wife and five children: to .hold the appointed service and, not suspecting any danger, he- walked a few rods behind his family, with Bible in hand, meditating on his sermon. Suddenly he was alarmed by the frightened shrieks of. his wife and children, who were in the clutches of seven Indians. He started to their assistance but when within a few yards his wife cried out for him to escape. At that instant, one of the savages coming up behind him, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 153 he had to run, and eluded him. The Indians killed the infant in Mrs. Corbly's arms and struck her several times, but not bringing her to the ground, the one who had attempted to shoot Mr.. Corbly approached and shot her through the body and then scalped her. A little son, aged six years, and a daughter of four were tomahawked. The eldest daughter concealed herself in a hollow tree and thinking that at last the Indians had retired, she crept out, but one of the savages who had remained knocked her down and scalped her. Only one little girl recovered from her wounds, the fifth, who had crawled into the bushes, lived and afterward emigrated to the Miami Valley and reared a large family in Ohio, including a son, Corbly, who became an eminent preacher. The father led fled to the neighboring blockhouse and obtained assistance, but when they reached the scene of the tragedy the result of the horrible atrocities met their eyes. For a considerable time the bereaved father was unable to preach but finally ;received strength to renew his ministerial labors which were very successful. He was married three times. His second wife, scalped by the Indians, was a superior woman, as was also his third. He died in 1803 and carried to his death the scars on his ankles made by the fetters he wore when in jail for preaching the Baptist doctrine not according to the established church of Virginia. WILLIAM A. ROUDEBUSH. William A. Roudebush is one of the younger representatives of the Cincinnati bar, where he has practiced since 1906. He was born at Newtonville, Ohio. July 15, 1880, and is a representative of this, one of the old and prominent families of the state. Since Daniel Roudebush, the great-great-grandfather of William A. Roudebush, five generations of the family have been represented in Clermont county, Ohio. The grandfather of William A. Roudebush was the commander of the county militia, was also a member of the state legislature in 1844, and served on the state board of equalization. His military service won him the title of colonel, by which he was always called. His son, Senator William F. Roudebush, father of our subject, was for thirty-three years an active member of the bar at Batavia, Ohio, and was in 1899 elected state senator from Clermont, Brown, Warren and Butler counties and was reelected for a second term, and at the present writing, in 1911, is president of the First National Bank of that place. He married Ida Anderson and removed to Batavia, via where their sons William and Allen were born. In the schools of that city William A. Roudebush pursued his education until graduated from the high school with the class of 1898. He afterward entered Denison University where he won his A. B. degree on graduation in 1902. A good literary course thus served as the foundation for his more recently acquired knowledge of the law and the basis of his success in practice was laid his in his training in the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in 1905. The same year the LL. B. degree was conferred upon him he was admitted to the bar and for one year thereafter was identified with the legal department of the Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern Railroad Company. He opened an office in the Traction building and has since devoted his attention to 154 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the duties that have devolved upon him in connection with the interests of a constantly growing clientage. Mr. Roudebush makes his home at Batavia. He is a member of the Granville Baptist church and of the Beta Theta Pi, a college fraternity, and in his political views is a democrat. He devotes parts of his time during the summer as manager of Woodland Park, a summer resort, and promoted and managed the Woodland Park Chautauqua in 1908. He is alive to the interests of the day and is also of "a thoroughly progressive spirit, keeping in touch with the vital questions of the hour and at the same time always looking toward progress for himself and for the community in which he lives. ALLEN C. ROUDEBUSH. Allen C. Roudebush, who since 1909 has been engaged in the practice of law in Cincinnati, with offices in the Union Trust building, was born in Batavia, Ohio, July 12, 1884. He is a brother of William A. Roudebush. Allen C. Roudebush acquired his primary education in the public schools of Batavia and was graduated from the high school in 1902: He then entered Denison University and graduated in 1906, winning the A. B.. degree, while the following year he received the A. M. degree. His professional training was pursued in the Harvard University Law School, which in 1909 conferred upon him the LL. B: degree. Since that time he has engaged in the general pratice of law in Cincinnati and is now associated with Adam A. Kramer. A large and growing clientage has been accorded him and the importance of his work as a counselor and advocate is also continually increasing. In his political views Mr. Roudebush is a democrat but not an active politician in the sense of office seeking. He has membership relations with the Masonic fraternity, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge, and is a member of the Beta Theta Pi, and is secretary and treasurer of the Cincinnati Denison Club. He also belongs to the Granville (Ohio) Baptist church. He manifests a public-spirited interest in matters of citizenship and in projects relating to the material, political, social and moral welfare of the community, and at the same time is advancing his professional interests by reason of his close application, his thorough study, and his well known devotion to his clients' interests. HON. THOMAS W. GRAYDON, M. D. When Cincinnati pauses to take note of the long list of illustrious dead she will find prominent on the record the name of Dr. Thomas W. Graydon, who for many years occupied a conspicuous and honored position in medical, social and political circles. For nineteen years he followed his profession, which he regarded, however, as only one phase of existence, never neglecting his duties of citizenship nor failing in that part of the work which advances humanitarianism. He was born May 19, 1850, in Ireland, and was nineteen years of age when he came to the United States. While good educational privileges were CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 157 accorded him in his native country he found it necessary to put aside his studies when nineteen years of age, owing to trouble with his eyes, and he therefore turned to outdoor life, hoping thereby to gain the physical development that might constitute the basis for success in later years. He spent some time upon an Illinois farm and then, again able to resume his studies, he entered Griswold College at Davenport, Iowa, in 1870, pursuing the course through. to graduation. Subsequently he matriculated in the State University of Iowa and during his student days in that institution his oratorical ability made him the Iowa reprtsentative of the interstate oratorical contest at Indianapolis, Indiana, at which be carried off one of the prizes. In 1875 he was graduated from the Iowa State University and the following year became a resident of Cincinnati. His careful eparation for the practice of medicine well qualified him to take up the work n his arrival in this city and for nineteen years he enjoyed a lucrative prachere, experience, reading and research constantly promoting his ability. Citizenship to Dr. Graydon ever meant more than the enjoyment of the advantages and privileges which the laws and institutions of the country afforded. He recognized individual duty and responsibility and this led him to take an active interest in public affairs touching the welfare of his city and state. His study of the political questions of the day and the attitude of the respective parties resulted in his becoming an ardent advocate of republican doctrines and his fellow townsmen, appreciative of his worth, his ability and his loyalty, called him to represent Hamilton county in the state legislature wherein he served in 1885-86. He gave careful consideration to every question which came up for settlement, doing considerable important committee work, and his services proved to be of such value that he was urged to accept a second nomination but declined the honor. He was never a politician in the sense of office-seeking and yet on various occasions was called to public service by those who recognized his particular fitness for the duties to be discharged. In 1888 Governor Foraker appointed him a member of the old board of public affairs of Cincinnati, on which he served until the office was abolished, in 1899. A few months later mayoralty appointment made him a member of the board of city affairs, in which connection he became a conspicuous figure on account of his earnest advocacy of various municipal reforms and improvements, the value of which he could justly determine both as a physician and as a public official. When he spoke upon questions of vital interest he commanded the closest attention of his hearers and his sound reasoning and logical deductions seldom failed to carry conviction to the minds of his audience. He was a stanch advocate of the plan for building new waterworks in Cincinnati and history has proved the wisdom of his position in this connection. Every leader has his opponents and Dr. Graydon was no exception to the rule yet his most active political enemies paid him the tribute of being a fair fighter. His position was never an equivocal one for at all times he stood firmly in support of what he believed to be right. On the 25th of November, 1875, Dr. Graydon was married to Miss Ann Hetherington, a native of Rock Island, Illinois, who survives him, as do five sons and four daughters, namely : Joseph S., John A., Thomas H., Lorna E., Bruce J., Ethel M., Margaret H., Frank S. and Helen H. The family occupy a beautiful home on Lafayette Circle in Clifton. Dr. Graydon was prominent in various social and fraternal organizations. He •belonged. to the Friendly Sons 158 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY of St. Patrick, the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and other associations and was a member of the Episcopal church. He passed away February 28, 1900, and the high esteem in which he was held was in a measure attested by the representative gathering which assembled to pay a last loving tribute to his memory. The pall bearers were selected from among life-long friends and represented many of the prominent residents of Cincinnati as well as other cities, including ex-Governor Frank B. Jackson, of Des Moines, Iowa ; ex-Mayor John A. Caldwell, formerly lieutenant governor of Ohio ; ex-mayor J. J. Sullivan ; Perin Langdon ; Joseph T. Carew ; A. H. Pugh ; John B. Mosby ; and Professor John Uri Lloyd. While Dr. Graydon has passed from the scene of earthly activities his influence remains as a factor for progress. He ever stood for what he, believed to be for the best interests of the individual and of the community and his insight was keen and his vision broad. His life was indeed a serviceable one in the world's work nor will his labors have reached their full fruition until the measures and movements, with which he was closely associated, cease to be active factors in the city's life. FRANK BAYARD STEWART. Frank Bayard Stewart is general manager and treasurer of the Winifrede Coal Company, one of the strongest corporations of Cincinnati, and as such occupies a commanding position in business circles. He is a native of Philadelphia and a son of Charles and Elizabeth (Bayard) Stewart. His father was colonel of the One hundred and forty-eighth Pennsylvania Regiment in the Civil war and was on General Beaver's staff. The Stewart family is of Scotch extraction, being descended from Prince Charles Stewart, and the grandfather of our subject was the founder of the family in the new world, coming from Scotland to the United States. The mother of Frank B. Stewart was a member of the well known Bayard family, many of whose members have been prominent in connection with national history. Another ancestor of Mr. Stewart was the wife of Peter Stuyvesant, the first governor of the New Amsterdam colony, and his grandmother on the paternal side was a Williams, descended from Roger Williams, the founder of the Rhode Island colony. Among the ancestors of Mr. Stewart are found representatives in every war in which the United States has been engaged, and his brother, Stanley M. Stewart, was assistant surgeon and first lieutenant of the Eleventh Cavalry in the Philippines, where he met death in an engagement in southern Luzon. Frank B. Stewart was educated in the public schools of Philadelphia and at the age of seventeen years entered the empiby of the Winifrede Coal Company as clerk. He has been connected with the company continuously since, advancing steadily to his present position of executive and financial responsibility. The Winifrede Coal Company is one of the oldest concerns of its kind and under separate organization, but with the same officers, are the Winifrede Railroad Company and the Belmont Coal Company. The president is J. J. Sullivan; Jr., of Philadelphia, while Samuel F. Houston is the vice president. Until 1898 the Winifrede Coal Company operated the two largest coal yards CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 159 in Cincinnati, situated respectively in the east and west ends of the city. Since 1898 they have maintained general executive offices in this city and are now engaged exclusively in the wholesale trade, but prior to that year conducted a retail business as well. They now own and operate two mines in Winifrede, Kanawha county, West Virginia, having capacity of five hundred thousand tons per year, and in connection with the business they operate a steamboat and seventy-five barges. The Winifrede Coal Company is probably the Oldest operating Company in West Virginia, the original company having begun operations in 1853. under the name of the Winifrede Mining & Manufacturing Company. Their property consists of twelve thousand acres of coal lands. acquired by the present company by purchase from the above concern and located thirteen miles east of Charleston, on the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad. They are one of the few limited corporations in West Virginia who own their land in fee. They also. own and operate the Winifrede Railroad Company, a twelve-mile standard gauge road, its equipment consisting of three locomotives, two, hundred and fifty small cars and thirty-five standards. They are also owners of the Belmont Coal Company mine, located twenty miles east of Charleston. These mines produce a high grade of splint coal as well as a 'superior gas coal. The Belmont mine has a capacity of one hundred thousand tons annually,' the Winifrede three hundred and fifty thousand tons, and their output in 1910 was a little over four hundred thousand tons. Arrangements are now being perfected to increase the output at Winifrede to five hundred thousand tons annually and at Belmont to two hundred thousand tons. The three companies which are owned and officered by the same men are all incorporated under the laws of West Virginia and their employes number twelve hundred. In addition to their extensive acreage of mining lands they own the town of Winifrede,. one of the oldest coal-mining towns in West Virginia. It has a population of fifteen hundred, is adequately supplied with schools, churches, stores and other business interests and has a new modern opera house. Frank B. Stewart is in charge of the extensive operations of the three companies—the Winifrede Coal Company, the Belmont, Coal Company and the Winifrede Railroad Company—with the title of general manager and treasurer and he is also a director for the same. He has made rapid rise in business; starting in 1890 as junior clerk in the main office at Philadelphia and in 1895 winning promotion to the position of chief clerk, while three years later he was elected secretary and treasurer of the three companies. In .1908 the selling and treasury departments consolidated, and this brought him to Cincinnati, at which time he became general sales agent, while. in 19o9 he was placed in full charge of the mines at both Winifrede and Belmont, his present duties requiring him to divide his time between the mines and the. selling and treasury departments. Mr. Stewart was united in marriage to Miss Emily Frieda Pfaff, a daughter of John Pfaff, who came from Switzerland in early life and engaged in the carnage-building business. It was he who built and decorated the funeral coach that transported the body of Abraham Lincoln through Philadelphia when on its ay to Springfield for burial. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Stewart. have been born two hildren, Winifrede Bayard and Gladys, born in 1900 and 1903 respectively, d through their paternal ancestors they are entitled to membership in the aughters of the Revolution. Although, a recent addition to the citizenship of 160 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Cincinnati, Mr. Stewart takes much interest in movements for the public beneath and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Business Men's Club, the Ohio River Improvement Association, the Great Kanawha Improvement Association and the Kanawha Operators Association. Alertness and decision are expressed in his every act and movement. He ranks as a man of splendid business ability, is strong and resourceful, capably controlling the varied interests which are under his direction and maintaining that harmonious working force which is so necessary to success in any undertaking. FREDERICK J. MAYER. Frederick J. Mayer, who is favorably known in connection with banking interests of Cincinnati, is a native of this city, born August 2, 1860. He is a descendant of good German ancestry and his parents were Frederick J. and Caroline (Calmbach) Mayer. The father was born in Germany and received his education in his native land. He emigrated to America in 1848, the same year in which many friends of liberty fled from Germany and found refuge under the protection of the republic. He located at Cincinnati and became quite prominent in public affairs, serving as county commissioner and also as treasurer of Hamilton county. He was appointed postmaster of Cincinnati by President Lincoln and discharged the responsibilities of that office with a fidelity that met the hearty approval of its patrons and also of the men in charge of the department at Washington. He was for more than thirty-five years a member of the board of trustees of the Cincinnati .Hospital and served upon the committee which erected the present hospital building. This good man and worthy citizen died in 1892, at the age of sixty-two, and his wife passed away the year following. They are both buried in Spring Grove cemetery. In the public schools of Cincinnati Frederick J. Mayer secured his preliminary education. He became a student at Woodward high school but at the age of seventeen left school and embarked in the undertaking and livery business in partnership with George H. Greive, in which he continued for two years. On the 1st of September, 1880, he entered the Third National Bank as an account-current clerk and remained with this bank until it was absorbed by the Fifth National Bank in 1908. He continued in the employ of the new organization and since June, 1908, has filled the position of assistant cashier. He owes his advancement to conscientious attention to a vocation foi which he is especially adapted. Although there were many difficulties in his path, he resolutely overcame them all and his friends recognize in him the qualities which constitute the gentleman and. contribute to the true best citizenship. On the 10th of August, 1880, Mr. Mayer was married, in New York city, to Miss Louisa Jones, a daughter of F. Oliver Jones, who gave up his life for the Union on the field of battle during the Civil war. Mr. Mayer is a valued member of the Cincinnati Bankers' Association and the Cincinnati Business Men's Club. Politically he is allied with the republican party, the principles of which he accepts as of high importance in advancing the interests of state and nation. Fraternally he is a Mason of high degree and is identified with the blue lodge. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 161 chapter, commandery, Scottish Rite and Shrine. He and his wife live in an attractive suburban home at Locust, Kentucky. Through .years of industry and persistent application he has gained enviable standing in financial circles and his life has been such as to command the confidence and regard of all with he whom has been brought into contact. THE LAWSON FAMILY. The life history of Franklin Hey Lawson constitutes an important and honorable chapter in the family records for in all the relations of life, as a businessman , as a citizen and in the home circle he was a man whom to know was to admire and honor. His life compassed a period of seventy-six years, between the 26th of June, 1834, and the 27th of September, 1910. His birthplace was on Race, near Seventh street, in Cincinnati, for the family was founded here when this city was a small village. His father was Fenton Lawson, born in Yorkshire, England, in 1808, and for a long period was a leading factor in Cincinnati's business circles. In fact, the name of Lawson has been closely interwoven with the history of industrial and commercial activity in Cincinnati since 1816, in which year Thomas Lawson, of Yorkshire, England, born in 1775, came with his family to the new world and established his home in Cincinnati. The journey westward was made by wagon and here he cast in his lot with the citizens who were laying the foundation for Cincinnati's greatness, although the city had not emerged from villagehood. He was a tinner and sheet-iron worker and established a business on his own account on Main street, near Fifth, on a small scale. The gradual growth and development of this undertaking has made it the largest of the kind in the city. One of his biographers has said : "Thomas Lawson was a plain, substantial, good man, dividing his time between his business and the care of his family." He was one of the three original trustees of the Swedenborgian church established about 1816 or 1817. In time his business having increased and his children grown to manhood, three of his sons, Fenton, Robert and Thomas, were admitted as partners in the firm. The plant was originally on the site of the Denison House, on Fifth and Main streets. A large trade in the manufacture of plumbing and of copper and tinware was built up, the output being sold mostly to southern planters and river men. Thomas Lawson introduced the first grates and made the first gas burned here, and the present Columbia Gas & Electric Company has evolved from the little nucleus for which Thomas Lawson was responsible. After admitting his sons to an interest in the business the firm name of Thomas Lawson & Sons was adopted and the scope of their undertaking was extended by adding many new features. In 1841 Thomas Lawson died and the business was afterward continued under the firm name of Fenton Lawson & Brothers. Later Robert Lawson passed away and Thomas Lawson, Jr., retired, leaving Fenton in control. He was one of the men of note in his day. He not only developed and successfully controlled a productive industry of large proportions but also became connected with many other projects of importance to the city and community. He was one of the organizers of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad and served as one of its direc- 162 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY tors. From the outset he showed that he had an aptitude for successful management and his. cooperation was thus regarded as a valuable asset in any business undertaking. He had great faith in Cincinnati and her future and no man was more stanch in his championship of practical public improvements. He was for many years a director of the old Lafayette Bank, was one of the incorporators of the beautiful suburb of Glendale, and was one of the first to support the project of Spring Grove cemetery. Of him it has been written : "Fenton Lawson’s greatest usefulness outside of his career as an honored merchant was in his many years' service with the old volunteer fire department in its palmiest days when it was made up of the very best people of our young city. He was for many years the president of the famous 'Red Rovers,' the members of which were almost without exception from among the best families. His career as a member of the Rovers gave such satisfaction that he was soon elected as the president of the Firemen's Association where he became very popular, serving in the position without pay for twelve years, and when he gave a positive refusal to stand for reelection the firemen and citizens generally subscribed a massive service of solid silver which was presented to him in a public reception and parting farewell at Melodeon Hall. This service together with the hand-painted certificate presented at the same time are now in possession of his grandson, Fenton Lawson. The hall was densely packed on that occasion. The speeches were expressive of the extreme regret felt at Mr. Lawson's retirement and the latter feelingly responded to the kind sentiments spoken, closing his remarks with the hope that the department would always be an honor to the city and ever ready to protect life and property. Some time afterward, when dissensions had arisen within the department, Mr. Lawson became one of the urgent advocates and active movers for the establishment, of a paid fire department, one in which the members would be held to a strict responsibility for their conduct not only at fires but at all other times. His efforts and the work of a few other prominent men led to the establishment of the present fire system. He was also one of the founders of the Firemen's and Cincinnati Insurance Companies and one of the charter members of the Lafayette and Franklin Bank. He filled many official positions with credit to himself and satisfaction to all concerned. It is said that he was extremely plain and unobtrusive in manner, but his sterling worth was recognized by all with whom he came in contact. He had firm belief in the doctrines of the Swedenborgian church and from the time of its organization in Cincinnati until his death, which occurred in 1853, was one of its most zealous and faithful members. Following the death of Fenton Lawson he was succeeded by his two sons, George Park and Franklin Hey, who continued the business under the firm style of Fenton Lawson's Sons. In 1855 George Park Lawson retired and in thatyear William G. Coffin became a partner under the firm style of F. H. Lawson & Company. Fenton Lawson, Jr., a son of Franklin Hey Lawson, became a partner in 188o and William C. Lawson was admitted to the firm in 1886, thus the control of the business passed to the fourth generation of the family. Mr. Coffin died in 1884 and ten years later the business was incorporated under the firm style of the F. H. Lawson Company, with F. H. Lawson as president; Fenton Lawson, vice president ; W. C. Lawson, treasurer ; and F. R. Lawson, secretary. At the death of F. H. Lawson the officers became and still continue as CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 163 follows: Fenton Lawson, president ; F. R. Lawson, vice president ; and J. M. Eversfield, secretary and treasurer. The house today manufactures and deals in tin plate, copper, sheet iron, stamped and Japanned tinware, tinner's tools, galvanized oil tanks, and in fact everything that comes under the head of hollow metallic ware. The business has now been in continuous control of the family it almost a century, the ownership being at the present time represented by t fourth generation. This is not an uncommon thing in Europe for a business to be handed down from one generation to another but such an occurrence rare in America. The establishment is not only a credit to the family but to e city as well. In 1857 Franklin Hey Lawson was united in marriage to Miss Annie McDougal, whose family was prominent in the early history of. Cincinnati. To Mr. id Mrs. Franklin H. Lawson were born seven children : Fenton, now presint of the F. H. Lawson Company ; Mrs. Laura Ellis ; Mrs. Nanna Wilcox, Washington, D. C.; Roger and William C., twins ; Stanley, president of the National Brass Works, of. Cincinnati ; and George, of New York. Mr. Lawson was a friend of progress. and improvement and an opponent all that hampered the rights and privileges of the individual. He became e of the first advocates of abolition in Cincinnati and his attitude on that estion caused him to be jeered and hooted at by the young men of that day but this (lid not cause him to alter his position one iota. He served in the Home lard during the Civil war and when there was no longer need for the services his regiment, was honorably discharged. He had early espoused the cause the republican party, which was formed to prevent the further extension of very, and he always remained one of its stalwart supporters. He was well own and popular in social circles, holding membership with the. Queen City with the Country Clubs. Even in his late years he was very active and death came to him suddenly. He was near his desk when on September 26, 1910, was stricken, in his seventy-sixth year. He had retained his physical as well his mental powers largely unimpaired and in his later years enjoyed golf and other outdoor sports. He was laid to rest in Spring Grove cemetery and his demise was the occasion of deep regret to many with whom he had been assoted in business or social relations. His widow still survives him at the age seventy-two years, making her home in this city. Fenton Lawson, now president of the F. H. Lawson Company, was born in Cincinnati in December, 1857, and while spending his youthful days in the home his father, Franklin Hey Lawson, he pursued his education in the public look and in Chickering Institute, from which he was graduated in 1876. Immediately afterward he entered the firm of F. H. Lawson & Company to learn the business, with which he acquainted himself in every detail. He passed through each department and gained therefrom practical experience that enabled him to take up greater responsibilities. He thoroughly mastered everything that he attempted and in 1880 became a partner in the business. At the time of the incorporation in 1894 he was made vice president and since entering into the farm has had voice in the management and taken active part in guiding its development. It was he who in 1890 advanced the idea of manufacturing their own products for previously they were merely jobbers. The idea was put into execution and this feature of the business grew. and prospered so rapidly that in 1893 164 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY they found it necessary to secure larger quarters. Accordingly they purchased the George D. Winchell plant at Winchell and Bank streets, there carrying on the manufacturing department of the business. Soon, however, still more commodious quarters were needed and in 1897 they removed to their present location at Whateley street, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton tracks. Here they now employ over three hundred people and their output is shipped to all parts of the United States and Canada. Fenton Lawson devotes. his entire attention to the business which has met with notable and enviable success. He is constantly watching for opportunities. that will enable the house to extend its trade connections and is also manifesting a most watchful spirit in efforts to improve the methods and line of manufacture. In 1886 Fenton Lawson was united in marriage to Miss Corinne Moore, of Vicksburg, Mississippi, and they now have two children, Corinne and Franklin Hey. Mr. Lawson is very fond of music and devotes his time outside business to this art which is to him a source of constant pleasure and enjoyment. He has been organist of the Swedenborgian church for the past thirty-seven years and is also church treasurer. In politics he is a democrat but is active only as a citizen. He is a splendid type of the far-sighted, well trained American business man, alert and enterprising, watchful of every opportunity yet at all times courteous and approachable. CARL A. SCHNEIDER, M. D. Dr. Carl A. Schneider was one of the most forceful citizens of Cincinnati at the time of his death, passing away at the advanced age of ninety-two years in his beautiful home on University Court in Clifton Heights. He was born at Framersheim, Germany, November 9, 1805, and completed a liberal education by graduation from Heidelberg Uniyersity, where he studied from 1828 until 1831. Even at that day the stories of America and her opportunities proved an attractive theme and in 1832 he crossed the Atlantic and continued the journey by water to Cincinnati. Up to that time he had never traveled by railway train and it was a momentous undertaking to sever home ties in Germany and make the long voyage across the Atlantic, hoping to find in the new world conditions which would assist him in a business way. He had heard of the great possibilities for agriculturists in the west and intending to locate near St. Louis, he started for that city with a friend, Mr. Kolb. On reaching Cincinnati; however, he was so pleased with the town and its future prospects that he decided to remain as did also his friend, who became one of the prominent druggists of Cincinnati. Dr. Schneider at once opened an office here and traveled from house to house on horseback in visiting his patients. His professional labor was attended with a marked degree of success and he kept in touch with the advancement which characterized the work of the profession. The medical practitioner comes perhaps into closer, contact with the home life of a community than other any citizen and Dr. Schneider was found worthy of all trust and confidence and was accorded a liberal practice. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 167 In 1842 was celebrated the marriage. of Dr. Schneider and Miss Louise Ballauf, and about that time he erected a home at the corner of Ninth and Vine streets, which district was then largely covered by a native forest growth. There they resided for about forty years and all of their children were born and married from that home. Mrs. Schneider came to .Cincinnati when fifteen years of age in company with her parents, Christian and Christine Ballauf, from Hanover, Germany. She proved a devoted wife and mother to the time of her death, which occurred in 1866. In their family were five children : Albina, who married Francis Lampe, of Laurel, Mississippi, and has two children, Hertha and Hubert; Charles, who was a graduate of the Ohio Medical College and studied at Vienna, after which he continued to practice in Cincinnati until his demise in 1880; Louis, who lives in Cincinnati ; Henrietta, the widow of Gustav Billing, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume ; and Albert, an expert mining engineer of New York city, who married Miss Hubbell and has four children, Carl, Gustav, Margaret and Lawrence. Both Dr. and Mrs. Schneider were laid to rest in Spring Grove cemetery and in their passing Cincinnati lost two of its most honored and respected pioneer citizens. Dr. Schneider continued to live at his first home at the corner of Ninth and Vine streets for forty years and then erected a fine residence on University Court in Clifton Heights, where he continued to reside until called to his final rest at the age of ninety-two years. He is well remembered by the older families of Cincinnati and for a long period figured prominently in the social and professional circles here. He was a man of scholarly taste, was recognized as a great student and possessed a fine library. He kept in touch with all that pertained not only to his profession but to the world's work and progress up to the time of his death, and in the evening of his life was a remarkably well preierved man both physically and mentally. His religious faith was that of the Unitarian church, and his life was actuated by a great humanitarian spirit that reached out in helpfulness to all mankind. In his practice he was continuously assisting those who needed professional aid but who could not afford to pay for such service. Those who did not need his material assistance found him sympathetic and kindly in manner and to them he gave from a nature that was broad enough to reach out in kindly spirit to all in fellowship. GEORGE GUCKENBERGER. A fact of which due recognition is not usually accorded in connection with the commercial history of Cincinnati is that to no foreign element is its presence due in so large a measure as to those who have had their nativity in or trace their lineage to the great empire of Germany. Among those who left the fatherland to identify themselves with American life and institutions were Charles and S billa Guckenberger, the parents of George Guckenberger. Possessing many the salient characteristics of his Teutonic ancestry, together with the enterprising spirit which has made America the great commercial power of the day, George Guckenberger proved himself master of environment and opportunity and worked his way steadily upward to the presidency, of one of the strong Vol. IV-9 168 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY financial institutions of the city. He was here born on the 4th of August, 1857, and in his early youth attended the public schools but when fourteen years of age sought employment, in order to provide for his own support, working first as a clerk in a retail feed store. Soon thereafter he secured a position as messenger with Andrews, Bissell & Company, bankers, who in 1876 converted their bank into the National Bank of Commerce, which later absorbed Gilmore, Dunlap & Company, private bankers, and in 1879 also took over the old Lafayette Bank.. Mr. Guckenberger was diligent, willing and trustworthy and his admirable qualities gradually won him advancement until he was occupying the position of head bookkeeper. While serving in that capacity, however, his health failed him and he then returned to the retail feed business for about a year, that connection enabling him to spend much of his time out of doors. His health failed greatly improved during. the period . and he returned to banking as receiving teller and assistant cashier of the German Banking Company, which later became the German National Bank. This position he filled until 1890, when he became cashier of the Atlas National Bank. He afterward bent his energies to the direction of its affairs in official capacities, being chosen vice president in 1893, while the following year brought him to the presidency of the bank, in which position he remained until his death. Its progress is attributable in large measure in to his management. He •'and his associates have ever adhered in their rules and regulations to the principle that the banking institution that most carefully safeguards its business in order to protect its depositors is the bank that most merits the public confidence. The growth of the institution is evidence of the public approval of its conservative management and the men who are at its head are a guaranty of its safety. In addition to his connection with the Atlas National Bank as president and director Mr. Guckenberger's prominence in financial circles was furthermore indicated in the fact that he was president of the Cincinnati Clearing House Association and vice president of the clearing house section of the American Bankers Association. He was also an en ex-president of the Cincinnati Credit Men's Association, ex-treasurer of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and president of the Cincinnati College of Finance, Commerce and Accounts. He was likewise a director and president of the Westwood Civic Improvement Association and was a cooperant factor in many well formulated plans and movements for the upbuilding and benefit of the city and of the attractive suburban village in which he lived. For three years he served as councilman of Westwood and at the time of his demise was one of the of the trustees University of Cincinnati, serving for the third year of a six-years term. He likewise belonged to the 'Cincinnati Business Men's Club and the Westwood Business Men's Club, enjoying not only their social features but also taken active and helpful interest in their projects to promote. business activity and commercial enterprise in town and metropolis. On the 25th of February, 1880, Mr. Guckenberger was married to Miss Eliza Wanner; a daughter of Herman and Caroline Wanner. They became the parents of five children : Herman J., Alma C. S., George, Huldah C. and Carl A. The son George is now married, having wedded Josephine Zehler. Mr. Guckenberger was devoted to his family and held the ties of friendship inviolable. He had the warm regard of his brethren of the Masonic fraternity, his membership being in Hanselman Lodge, A. F. & A. M., while in the Scottish Rite he had CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 169 attained the thirty-second degree of the consistory. He likewise belonged to the. ystic Shrine and was connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. belonged to the Ohio River Launch Club, to the Ramona Boat Club and the cinnati Gymnasium and Athletic Club. He had somewhat of the strong, ,::ed and persevering characteristics developed by his earlier environment, rich, coupled with the livelier impulses of the Teutonic blood of his ancestors, le him at an early day seek a field in which to give full scope to his ambition industry—his dominant qualities. These sterling traits gained to Mr. Guckenberger success in life and made him one of the substantial and valued citizens of Cincinnati. On the 23d of June, 1911, Cincinnati chronicled the death of one of her respected and valued citizens in the passing of George Guckenberger. A memorial issued by the board of directors of the Atlas National Bank, in which, after g an account of the prominent points in his life, it was said : "The best years Mr, Guckenberger's life were devoted to the upbuilding and success of this and though his earthly life has gone out while still a young man, he has ed to see his fondest hopes realized. To his energy and devotion largely beings the credit. During the several months of his illness he Was an uncom¬ing hero, and the bank's interests were always foremost in his. mind. He faithful to every trust and his kindness and true courtesy endeared him to the patrons of the bank as well as to its officials and employes. We shall him and will not know how to fill his place." JAMES IRWIN CLARKE. One of Britain's sons, who for the past ten years has been identified with the ercial interests of Cincinnati is James Irwin Clarke, local manager of John B. Ellison & Sons, jobbers of woolens, who in addition to their main house Philadelphia have a large branch in London. Mr. Clarke was born in the English metropolis, on the 17th of August, 1861, being a son of John and Mary rr) Clarke. James Irwin Clarke was reared amid the refining influences of a comfortable e, acquiring his education in the private schools of London. After lay-aside his studies he entered a woolen house, having decided upon a comcial career, As is the custom in his country, he began at the bottom and worked his way up, mastering each detail of the business thoroughly, thus ifying himself to make of it a life vocation. In 1891 Mr. Clarke came to United States, entering the employment of John B. Ellison & Sons. For •          years thereafter he was connected with the firm's- Philadelphia. house, which established in 1823 by the late John B. Ellison. At the expiration of that period, having given evidence of his ability and trustworthiness, he was placed charge of the Cincinnati branch. This branch was established twenty-five s ago and through it is handled all of the business within a radius of a hun miles. While residing in Philadelphia Mr. Clarke was united in marriage to Miss J. Gash, one of his countrywomen. Episcopalians, both Mr. and Mrs. 170 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Clarke affiliate with the Madisonville Episcopal church, while fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order of Madisonville and the Kilwinning Chapter. He is also a member of the John Bright Lodge, English Order of Sons of St. George, while his connections of a more social nature are with the Hyde Park Country Club and the Madisonville Tennis Club, among whose members he has formed some very pleasant attachments. JOHN DAVIS SAGE. Throughout the entire period of his connection with business interests, John Davis Sage has been identified with the Union Central Life Insurance Company, in which he has worked his way upward from a clerkship to an official position. His success had its foundation in a liberal education which qualified him for the responsibilities that have come to him in later life. A native of Connecticut, he was born in Hartford, on the 14th of September, 1877, his parents being the Rev. A. Judson and Eliza (Snowden) Sage, the former a minister of the Baptist church. Reared amid the refining influences of a home of culture, John D. Sage was provided with liberal educational advantages and after attending the Franklin school of Cincinnati, completed his education as a student Brown University, at Providence, Rhode Island, from which he was graduated A. B. in the class of 1899. Almost immediately thereafter he became connected with the Union Central Life Insurance Company, accepting a clerkship in the office in Cincinnati. Gradual advancement brought him to the position of the official publication of editor of that company and later he was made assistant secretary and afterward promoted to the position of secretary. He is also one of directors of the Union Central Life Insurance Company and thus takes active part in its management and the formulation of its business policy. Few men have a more thorough understanding of life insurance in all its phases and branches than does John D. Sage, who has closely applied himself to the mastery of the business in which he embarked at the outset of his career. Mr. Sage votes with the republican party but the honors and emoluments of office have had no attraction for him, his interest being purely that of a citizens who keeps well informed concerning the issues of the day. He belongs to the Alpha Delta Phi, a college fraternity, the Ohio Sons of the Revolution, University Club of Cincinnati, the Business Men's Club and the Mt. Aubur Baptist church, associations which indicate much of the nature and breadth of his interests and activities and of the principles which govern his character. HON. HOWARD CLARK HOLLISTER. Judge Hollister was born on Mount Auburn, September 11, 1856. His father, Hon. George B. Hollister, came to Cincinnati from Vermont; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and was in the active practice until his death 1898. He interested himself in all efforts for the city's welfare ; was active in the CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 171 formation of the republican party and in public affairs. He was instrumental in the establishment of the University of Cincinnati and for sixteen years was a member of the board of trustees. Judge Hollister's mother, Laura (Strait) Hollister, was a daughter of Thomas J. Strait, who began the practice of law in Cincinnati in 1826, and was a leading practitioner of his time. He also was a Vermonter. Judge Hollister's ancestry was of colonial and Revolutionary stock, he having had three great-grandfathers who were soldiers in the Revolution. One ancestor was an officer in the Pequot wars and King Philip's war. As a boy, Judge Hollister attended the district, intermediate and high schools, and spent one year at Greylock Institute, South Williamson, Massachusetts, in further preparation for Yale College, where he was graduated in 1878. He Studied law in his father's office and in the Cincinnati Law School, where he was graduated in the spring of 1880, and was in May of that year, admitted to practice by the supreme court of Ohio. He was taken into partnership by his father. He served as assistant prosecuting attorney of Hamilton county for ayear, 1881-1882. In 1893 he was elected judge of the court of common pleas for the first judicial district of Ohio for a term of five years and was reelected for a further term of five years in 1898. At the end of his judicial service he reentered the practice of law, having offices with his brothers, Thomas and Burton P. Hollister. In March, 1910, he was appointed, by President Taft, judge of the district court of the United States for the southern district of Ohio. He is a republican in national politics but has been actively opposed to the local republican organization under the control to which it was subject for so many rears. On June 2, 1887, Judge Hollister was married to Miss Alice Keys, the daughter of Samuel Barr and Julia (Baker) Keys. Some of Mrs. Hollister's, forebears were also of colonial and Revolutionary stock, and she is descended on both sides, from some of the original founders of Losantiville (Cincinnati). Judge and Mrs. Hollister have four children. They live on Madison Road in a house built by Mrs. Hollister's grandfather, John Baker. WILLIAM CALLAHAN DAVIS. William Callahan Davis, who has been called to a position of responsibility, as agent in Cincinnati, for the United States Express Company, was born in this city, on the 10th of June, 1871, his parents being John and Mary ( Callahan) Davis. The father was a native of Canada, born in 1838, and in 1849, when a youth of eleven years, he came to Cincinnati. During the period of the Civil war he enlisted with a Cincinnati regiment and during the progress of hostilities was associated with the navy under Admiral Farragut. After the war he continued for some time with the navy and at his death, which occurred February 28, 1878, he was serving as inspector of police in Cincinnati. His wife, who was horn here, passed away in 1893. William C. Davis was the eldest of their five children, only two of whom are now living. 172 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY In the public schools William C. Davis pursued his education until he left the Hughes high School to make for himself a place in business circles. On 17th of January, 1888, he became connected with the express business as clerk in the office of the United States Express Company in Cincinnati and here he has gradually worked his way upward until various promotions have made him agent for the company at this place. On the 20th of February, 1895, Mr: Davis was united in marriage to Miss Sallie Molloy, who was born in this city 'and is a daughter of John Molloy, a member of the firm of Joseph Maguire & Company. Her mother bore the maiden name of Julia Clark. Mr. and Mrs. Davis have become the parents of six sons and two daughters, John, Howard, William C., Richard and Elmer, twins, Julie, Robert and Sallie. The family hold membership in the Catholic church and Mr. Davis also belongs to the Knights of Columbus. His political support is given to the democratic party and he is a member of the Business Men's Club of the city. No higher testimonial of his ability and trustworthiness could be given then the fact that for twenty-three years he has continued in the employ of one corporation and at the same time promotion has been accorded him. JOHN BABINGER HART. The name of Hart appears upon the Declaration of Independence and from him who thus affixed his signature to the seal that disavowed all allegiance to the British crown John B. Hart of this review was descended. In the trend of settlement in America representatives of the name had removed westward and John B. Hart was born in Cincinnati, July 13, 185o, his birth occurring on Seventh street opposite St. Paul's church. His parents were William and Catherine (Babinger) Hart and the latter, representing one of the oldest families of this city, was born upon the site where the postoffice now stands. The father of John B. Hart died in 186o. He was in the wholesale shoe business also owned considerable real estate here and was the builder of the Walnut Hotel, which in that day was a very fine hostelry. In various ways he was thus closely associated with business development and progress. John B. Hart was the seventh in order of birth in a family of eight children. Like the others of the household, he pursued his early education in the public schools and later had the benefit of instruction at Delaware, Ohio. He was a graduate of the Hughes high school and after his school days were over he traveled in Europe with his mother for two years, gaining thereby a knowledge of foreign lands and their peoples that could never have been obtained from the mere reading of books. A distinguished collegian has said: "Trave is the most liberal education which a young man can enjoy." After a sojourn of two years abroad Mr. Hart returned to his native city and here engaged in the shoe business, with which he had become acquainted through the assistance which he had rendered his father in the same line. He established his enterprise at the corner of Fifth and Vine streets, having inherited that property from his father. He conducted the business for a number of years and then sold out in order to become connected in business enterprises with his father-in-law, Joseph L. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 173 Hall, of the widely known Hall Lock & Safe Company, owners of an extensive plant on Pearl street. Eventually Mr. Hart became interested in the firm and had voice in its active business management for a long period, contributing to its expansive policy and to its successful conduct by reason of his sound judgment, keen discrimination and unfaltering enterprise. He retired from active connection with that business, however, about ten years before his death and in his remaining days simply gave his supervision to his invested interests, which included much valuable property here. Indeed, his real-estate holding's were extensive and he displayed excellent judgment in making his purchases and sales. On the 27th of April, 1875, in St. Paul's church, opposite his birthplace, Mr. Hart was united in marriage to Miss Kate Louise Hall, a daughter of Joseph Lloyd Hall, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. They became the parents of three sons : Joseph Hall, of Cincinnati, who is a graduate of Yale College and married Elizabeth Striker, of Jacksonville, Illinois, by whom he has two sons, Joseph H. and. John B.; John B. Hart, of Hartford, Connecticut, who is also a Yale alumnus and married Margaretta Broadhead, of Kingston, New York and H. Ridgeway, of New York, who is a graduate of Princeton University, and married Eva Thomas, of the Empire state. The death of Mr. Hart occurred June 1, 1907, at Naples, Italy, while he and his wife were traveling abroad. His remains were brought to Cincinnati for interment in Spring Grove cemetery. He was a devoted member of St. Paul's Methodist church, taking a very active part in the various lines of church work and contributing generously to its support. He served on its board of trustees, was also superintendent of the Sunday school and was president of the Camp Meeting Association. Whatever he believed would prove of permanent good and benefit to the church received his indorsement, for he regarded Christian service as the paramount interest in life. In his political views he was a republican but would never consent to become a candidate for office, yet in matters of citizenship he displayed a progressive spirit and gave his and cooperation to many movements for the general good. Cincinnati found in him at all times a valued resident, one who ever fully met the obligations and responsibilities of life and held to the high ideals which find their expression in upright living and Christian manhood. KENNON DUNHAM, M. D. Dr, Kennon Dunham, of Cincinnati, whose name on account of his valuable contributions to medical literature is as well known in medical circles of Germany as it is in the Queen city, where he has practiced for the past fourteen years, was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, in 1872. He is a son of Dr. William H. Dunham, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work, who is now a practitioner of Cincinnati. At the age of eight years Kennon Dunham was brought by his parents to Cincinnati. He received his early education in the public schools and was graduated from the Hughes high school in 1891. In the fall of the same year he entered Miami Medical College and during the first years of his attendance 174 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY also took a special course of study at the University of Cincinnati. After receiving the degree of M. D. he went to Baltimore, Maryland, where he entered Johns Hopkins Hospital, one of the leading institutions of the kind in the world, and remained there for two years, completing his preparation for his life work. In 1897 he began practice at Mount Auburn. He makes a specialty or chest diagnosis, although he also carries on a general practice in internal medicine. He is a recognized authority on chest diagnosis and has prepared many papers and reports on that subject, which have been widely published in America and Europe. Many of his conclusions are entirely original and it is wholly within the bounds of truth to say that medical knowledge has been greatly enriched by the additions made by Dr. Dunham. He is lecturer on therapeutics in the medical department of the University of Cincinnati. He is an active member in various medical organizations, including the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He also holds membership in the Beta Theta Pi and Nu Sigma Nu college fraternities. In 1905 Dr. Dunham was married, in this city, to Miss Amelia Hickenlooper, a daughter of the late General Andrew Hickenlooper, of Cincinnati. They have two children, Amelia and Harry. Possessing rare opportunties of early education and training, Dr. Dunham has been an indefatigable student and he keeps fully abreast of the rapid advances made in his profession. He is a man of clear discernment, courage and fidelity to principle and, as he is now less than forty years of age, it may confidently be prophesied that he has before him many years of increasing usefulness and prosperity. BENJAMIN MERRILL RICKETTS, M. D. For more than a quarter of a century Dr. Benjamin Merrill Ricketts has engaged in practice in Cincinnati and for twenty years he has been at the head of a private surgical hospital where patients are treated who arrive from all parts of the United States. As a surgeon, author, scientist, investigator and teacher Dr. Ricketts has for many years been widely recognized not only in America but in countries beyond the seas, and today he ranks with the acknowledged leaders of his profession in the new world. This responsible position he had attained by years of the most exacting study, by close observation and through a very extensive practice under the most favorable circumstances for arriving at definite and positive knowledge. He is a native of Proctorville, Lawrence county, Ohio, born May 20, 1858, a son of Dr. Girard Robinson and Rachel (McLaughlin) Ricketts. The father was born in Virginia, February 14, 1828, and practiced at Proctorville. He died September 20, 1898. The mother, whose death occurred November 8, 1908, was a native of Ohio, a daughter of David McLaughlin, the son of John, who was the son of James, the emigrant ancestor who came to America from Scotland, previous to the Revolutionary war and assisted in freeing the colonies from England. Of the four children in the family of Dr. and Mrs. Ricketts, the sons, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 177 Edwin, Benjamin M. and Joseph, all became surgeons. The only daughter, Linnia, is the wife of Gilbert D. Bush, of Gallipolis, Ohio. The Ricketts family is of French Huguenot descent. John Ricketts, the grandfather of our subject, was born near Front Royal, Virginia, and married Eliza Robinson. He was a son of Anthony Ricketts who married Ellen Hand. Anthony was a son of John, who was the fourth in descent from William, the luguenot. The name of the family was originally Ricard. William and James :icard served in the British navy under Admiral Penn, the grandfather of Wil:am Penn, their ancestors having been driven from France after the massacre St. Bartholomew, August 24, 1572. They participated in the conquest of amaica by the British in 1662. After the conquest of the island James was made governor general and William came to Cecil county, Maryland, where he established his home. Many of the Ricketts family are to be found in England, Wales and Scotland and they all descended from the same parent stock. Benjamin M. Ricketts received his preliminary edUcation in the village school of Proctorville. He entered Ohio Wesleyan University in April, 1876, and continued as a student until April, 1879, and while there, he became a member of thee Agassiz Society. Having belonged to a family of physicians and his father having been a doctor of wide scope, it was natural that he should study medicine. He therefore matriculated at Miami Medical College October i, 1879, from which he was graduated with the degree of M. D., March 10, 1881. Very soon afterward he began practice in Ironton, Ohio, and on April 24, 1881, was appointed health officer and city physician of the town. He also served as superintendent of the small-pox Hospital and in 1882-83 as coroner of Lawrence county. One of his first publications was a pamphlet on small-pox, which he issued at Ironton in 1881. He proved very active and efficient as a practitioner and from. 1881-83 was a valued member of the Lawrence County Medical Society. In July, 1883, he removed to Columbus, Ohio, and was elected the following September as a member of the Central Ohio Medical Society. Desiring to pursue his studies further, he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, which is the medical department of Columbia University, New York, in October, 1884, and continued in New York city until November 16, 1885, when he established himself permanently at Cincinnati. While in New York city he was appointed substitute house surgeon at the Presbyterian Hospital in November, 1884, house surgeon of the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital, December 1, 1884; and assistant to the Skin Clinic of the New York Polyclinic, with Dr. George T. Jackson, April 12, 1885. He is was made an original Fellow of the New York State Medical Association, November 20, 1884. Upon leaving New York city he resigned from his various positions and since coming to Cincinnati has devoted his attention to general surgery. The many successful operations he has performed as well as his high standing in the medical profession are convincing evidences of his skill. On June 1, 1888, he was elected to the chair of minor surgery in Miami Medical College. He organized the Cincinnati Polyclinic in May, 1888, and on December 3, of the same year, was elected professor of dermatology and syphilography in this institution. On December 3, 1888, he was appointed visiting dermatologist to the German Deaconess. Hospital, and on October 4, 1889, was named as physician of skin diseases and plastic surgery to Christ Hospital. His work, however, has 178 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY not been confined to this city, as he was elected to the chair of honorary professor of thoracic surgery in the Barnes and American Medical Colleges of St. Louis, Missouri, in 1909, and visits St. Louis monthly to lecture before the students of those institutions. He is an interesting and instructive speaker as thousands of students can testify who have greatly, profited by his teachings. Few men have been more energetic and efficient in connection with medical organizations than Dr. Ricketts. He has been identified with most of leading medical societies of America and as an organizer or .officer has very materially assisted in the development of many of those associations. He was elected a member of the Ohio State Medical Society in June, 1882; the Cincinnati Medical Society, December 10, 1885; the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, December 15, 1885; the Cincinnati Photograph Society, in December, 1886; the International Medical Congress of Washington, D. C., September 2, 1887; and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, December 15, 1887. He assisted in organizing the Cincinnati Microscopical and Pathological Society in December, 1887, and was made its president. On June 15, 1888, Dr. Ricketts was elected vice-president of the Ohio State Medical Spciety. In June, 18 was elected a member of the American Medical Association and in September following he was elected to membership in the Mississippi Valley Medical Society, elections to other organizations taking place as follows : To membership in the Southwestern Ohio Medical Society, October 9, 1889 ; the International Railway Surgeons in 1892 ; the Iowa, Illinois. and Missouri Tri-State Medical Society, in 1895 ; the Ohio State Scientific Society and Miami Valley Medical Society, 1896 ; a charter member of the Ohio Paediatric Society, in 1898; a member of Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky Tri-State Medical Society and Western Associtation of Writers, in 1899 ; charter member of the American Proctologic Society; Western Surgical and Gynecological Association, in 1900; the North Kentucky Medical Society, in 19o1; the Society Internationale Chirurgie of Brussel, in 1902 ; the Cincinnati Research Society and the American Urological Association, in 1907.. He has also been elected to honorary membership as follows: The Northwestern Ohio Medical Association and the Southwestern Kentucky Medical Society, in 1896; the Medical Society of the State of New York and the Southwestern Kansas Medical Association, in 1900; and the St. Louis Medical Society of St. Louis, Missouri, in 1901. He has also been the recipient of honors from colleges and universities. He was granted the honorary degree of Ph. B. by Illinois Wesleyan University in 1889; the degree of LL.D by the Kentucky Wesleyan College in 1906 ; and the honorary degree of medicine by the American Medical College of St. Louis, Missouri, June 1, 1911. He has been an extensive contributor to medical magazines and reviews, the list of his articles comprising more than three hundred titles. He has also written several important medical books which are received as authority in this country and in Europe. He is the author of "Surgery of the Heart and Lungs," six hundred pages, 1904 ; "Surgery of the Prostate, Pancreas, Diaphragm, Spleen, Thyroid and Hydrocephalus," two hundred and fifty pages, in 1904; "Surgery of Ureter," two hundred and fifty pages, 1907-8; and "Surgery Of the Thorax and its Viscera," eight hundred pages, issued in 1912. He now has in preparation an extensive work on "The Surgery of Apoplexy," five hundred pages, and a volume on the Ricketts genealogy, four hundred pages, 1912, the last having CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 179 required thirty-five years of diligent research. His library is one of the most complete as to surgery and allied sciences that is to be found in the country and embraces more than three thousand carefully selected volumes and as many reprints. This library is at the disposal. of his group of enthusiastic students and assistants and those whose interest he unselfishly directs.On the 20th of May, 1885, at Ironton, Ohio, Dr. Ricketts was married to Miss Jennie Lind Clark, who died December 16, 1885; He was again married November 24, 1891, to Miss Elizabeth Laws and two sons came to bless this union: Merrill, who was born September 24, 1893 ; and James, born January 18, 1896, both of whom are preparing to entera university. Dr. Ricketts is a remarkable example of the effect of a thorough education and right ideals in the development of a useful and highly honorable career. By faithful study and conscientious performance of his duties he has surmounted obstacles that would have dampened the ardor of a less zealous and hopeful aspirant, and his advice and assistance are sought by his brethren in almost every state of the Union. The Doctor is a tireless writer on surgical subjects especially that of the thorax and its viscera. He has a mind of powerful grasp„ a singularly retentive memory, and an easy and individual style of expression. He is extradinarily familiar in the history of surgery, medicine and allied sciences. Apart from technical knowledge, Dr. Ricketts has such a fund of information on all conceivable subjects that his friends jokingly call him the "Inexhaustible Human Encyclopaedia." Behind these mental characteristics is an active middle-aged young man. In private life he is jovial, merry, kind and generous, but as relentless in his animosities as he is faithful in his friendships. Professionally he is always alert, serious and vigilant, and as sincere in his services to the poor as the rich, for finance is and always will be a secondary consideration with him in his dealings with those suffering and in need of help, be it physical or otherwise for his council is often sought to solve other besides medical problems. Cincinnati is singularly fortunate to have produced a man. of this type, built on broad lines, highly cultured, unselfish and with those personal qualities that reensure the devotion of friends and confidence of patients. He has greatly endeared himself to his associates by his genial and courteous manner and his unselfish life. He belongs to the class of men who are apparently born for achievement—who never weary in well doing and who-represent the high water mark of human progress. WILLIAM H. DUNHAM, M. D. A well known and highly regarded member of the medical fraternity in Cincinnati is Dr. William H. Dunham, who was born at St. Clairsville, Belmont County, Ohio, on the 21st of October, 1846. He is a son .of John and Letitia (Patton) Dunham, the father a direct descendant of Deacon John Dunham, who came over in the Mayflower in 1620. His sixth son, Johnathan, who was born in 1632 at Martha's Vineyard, was the forefather of Dr. Dunham, whose grandfather, Tristram Dunham, was also a native of Martha's Vineyard, his birth 180 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY having occurred in October, 1787. When he was a youth of fourteen years his father died leaving the family dependent upon the -son Tristram for support. The young man was fully capable of carrying the responsibility, and at an the age. of eighteen years embarked in business for himself in Albany. He became one of the prominent business men of the capital city owning at one time a number of stores, in which were carried various lines of merchandise, the drug business having engaged his attention for many years. For his wife he chose a Miss Burke of Rochester, in which city he located after leaving Albany, following which he. settled in New York, where he passed away at the age of ninety years. The eldest child of Mr. and Mrs. Tristram Dunham was their son John, whose birth occurred in 1810. He became a physician, pursuing his medical studies in the College of -Physicians & Surgeons of New York City. He had cholera twice, after which he withdrew from the practice of his profession, purchasing a drug store in St. Clairsville in the '30s which he conducted for a time. Withdrawing from this he purchased the St. Clairsville Gazette, which is still in existence. After editing the paper for several years he disposed of it and went to Wheeling in 1848, becoming editor and proprietor of the Wheeling Argus, now known as the Wheeling Register. He continued to reside there until his death which occurred in 1853. A man of rare culture and fine literary taste he was well qualified for the field of journalism, in which he met with success. His wife was a native of St. Clairsville, where they spent the early years of their domestic life. Of the three sons born unto Dr. and Mrs. Dunham, William H., the second in order of birth, is the only one now surviving. The family always attended, the Presbyterian church, of which the mother was a member, but Dr. Dunham, who was very liberal in his views, never united with any denomination. The early years in 'the life of Dr. William H. Dunham, were spent in St. Clairsville and Wheeling, where he received his elementary education. Later he attended the Miller Academy in Washington, Ohio, following which he entered the office of Dr. A. H. Hewetson of St. Clairsville under whom he studied medicine. He subsequently attended the Starling Medical College at Columbus, Ohio, and the Cincinnati Medical College. After taking his course at the former institution he practiced for fourteen years as a licentiate before acquiring his degree from the Cincinnati school, which he attended in 1879 amd 1880. In the latter year he removed to this city and established an office, which he has ever since maintained. During the period of his practice here he has become recognized as a very capable man. For several years he occupied the chair of therapeutics in the Laura Memorial College, and was assistant professor of obstetrics in the old Cincinnati Medical College. He was one of organizers of the position Women's Medical College in Cincinnati and was professor of diseases of children. While a resident of Eastern Ohio, he held the position of United States pension examiner for six or seven years, giving very efficient service in this capacity.   Dr. Dunham married Miss Mary Kennon McPherson, a daughter of Dr. Jeremiah T. McPherson of Guernsey county, who was a physician as was also his father. Of the union of Dr. and Mrs. Dunham there were born three children: Kennon, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this volume; Mary, the wife of Stanley Mathews, of Cincinnati ; and Lida. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 181 The family all affiliate with the Mount Auburn Presbyterian church, in the work of which they take a helpful interest. Dr. Dunham maintains relations with the other Members of his profession through the medium of his connection with the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, with which he has been identified since 1881, and also with the State and American Medical Associations. He has always been a student and progressive in his methods, devoting his entire attention to his professional duties which are performed with a sense of conscientious obligations. WILLIAM HELWIG. William Helwig, who for the past sixteen years has been engaged in the general embossing business and also the manufacture of badges in Cincinnati, teas born in this city, on the 24th of February, 1850, and is a son of William and Carolina Helwig, both natives of Minden, Prussia. They emigrated to the United States during their early years, locating in Cincinnati. Here the father, who was a brick mason, engaged in contracting for twenty-five years, father, but living retired at the time of his death, which occurred at the age of eighty-four, the mother passing away in her seventy-third year. William Helwig was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, which he attended until he passed into the sixth grade at the age of twelve years. He then laid aside his text-books and began preparing himself to assume the heavier responsibilities of life. Various trades were carefully considered by the lad and his parents prior to the commencement of an apprenticeship, finally to be decided in favor of book-binding and paper hanging. Four years were applied to the mastery of these trades and at the expiration of that period he was fully qualified to seek employment in either. His first position was with the Methodist Book Concern. During the first two and a half years of his employment there he became familiar with and skilled in the art of embossing, applying himself diligently to the mastery of this craft and was then placed in charge of the stamping and embossing department of this company. He held that position for eight years, but the heat of the stamping press affected his eyes, and he was compelled to seek other employment for a time in order to give them a rest. During the succeeding two and a half years he was engaged in the grocery business, till his eyes were rested and strengthened, permitting of his return to his former employment. Being a competent craftsman, efficient and capable, he readily found a position with the American Book Company, and for eighteen years he was at the head of their stamping department. Proficiency in his line gave him the assurance that instead of working for others he could do equally well for himself, and he resigned his position and opened an establishment of his own. He has now been engaged in business for sixteen years, and has met with gratifying success, won by surpassing workmanship, promptness in execution and generally the superior quality of a service that secures for him a line of patrons, constantly and confidently entrusting him with their orders. In addition to his general embossing and stamping business he makes a specialty of the manufacture of badges, and is 182 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY not only favored with a large local patronage but receives orders from all parts of the country. Mr. Helwig has been married three times, and has the following children: W. G., Amelia, Arthur and Elenora, all of whom are married and have families; Walter E., who is the next in order of birth ; Edith, who is also married and has children; and Charley, Blanch, Emily and Robert. In matters of faith Mr. Helwig is a Lutheran. He was in his confirmed in boyhood in St. Paul's Lutheran church, Fifteenth and Race streets, this city; he was at one time identified with St. John's Lutheran church at Carryville, and he now holds membership in the German Lutheran church at Carthage, Ohio. In politics he is a republican, giving his allegiance to the progressive faction of that party, but has never held any public office. At the election of November 7, 1911, however, he was elected to the school board on the progressive ticket and is now discharging his duties in this connection. Mr. Helwig is a musician and for five years he was a member of the First Regiment band, being honorably discharged at the end of that period. During his earlier years he was affiliated with various social clubs, having at one time been a member of the Laurel Base Ball Club, and in 1869 he was president and treasurer of this organization and captain of their team. He belongs to the National Union, where he is held in high regard, and was president of White Star Council, No. 18, and he joined Winona Lodge at Lockland, Ohio, in 1898. Mr. Helweg has a large circle of acquaintances in Cincinnati, among whom he numbers many stanch friends, some of whom he has known since his boyhood days. RICHARD T. DURRELL, A. M., LL. B. The consensus of public opinion as well as the records of the court place Richard T. Durrell in a prominent position as a representative of the Cincinnati bar during the years in which he engaged in active practice. For two decades he has now lived retired, devoting his time to those intellectual and other pursuits which are a matter of recreation and interest to him. He was born in 1843, a son of William and Annie (Phillips) Durrell. The Durrells are not only one of the oldest families of Cincinnati but also of New England, whence representatives of the name came to this city many years ago, the grandfather, Thomas Durrell, removing with his family from Maine to this state. The combined ages of Richard T. Durrell and his father span one hundred and seven years. William Durrell was born in Dixmont, near Bangor, Maine, in 1804, and in 1810 came with his parents to Cincinnati, the family traveling across the mountains in wagons and down the Ohio river from Pittsburg on flatboats. They landed at Columbia and made their way to Cincinnati, which at that time contained a population of only about two thousand. The father engaged in various business pursuits and, being possessed of the characteristic New England thrift and foresight, soon began acquiring land, making investments at Avondale, Walnut Hills, Norwood and in other sections. He owned land extending from Burnet avenue across to the Zoo, having purchased this property in 1828 at the nominal sum of eight dollars CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 183 per acre. His holdings grew in value with the settlement of the city and in time brought to him a handsome profit. Mr. and Mrs. William Durrell were members of the Presbyterian church at Pleasant Ridge and were both active in religious work. Mr. Durrell was one of the elders of the church and contributed in many other ways to its growth and beneficent influence. Of their children four reached adult age, namely Harrison, who is now living at Pleasant Ridge and although eightydinfive years of age is a well preserved man; William and John, both deceased; and Richard T. The last named pursued his education in the public schools of Cincinnati and under private instruction prior to entering the Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, from which he was graduated in i866 with the Bachelor of Arts degree. He afterward received the Master of Arts degree from his alma mater. He took up the study of law tinder the direction of John W. Herron, the father-law-in of President Taft, and later entered the Cincinnati Law School from which he was graduated in 1868, being admitted to the bar the same year. He first formed a partnership with James Peat under the firm name of Peat & Durrell, and after three years entered into partnership with Judson Harmon, now governor of Ohio, under the firm style of Harmon & Durrell. That association was continued until the election of the senior partner to the bench, when Mr. Durrell became a member of the firm of Cowan & Durrell, and so continued until his retirement from active practice twenty years ago. The firms with which he was associated were among the most prominent in the city, the court records indicating the number and importance of the cases which were entrusted to their care. Mr. Durrell has a comprehensive knowledge of the law and his strong grasp of its salient principles made him effective as advocate and counselor. Mr. Durrell was married in 1870 to Miss Alice Huston, a .daughter of Joseph Huston, of Crawfordsville, Indiana, and they now have one son, J. Huston Durrell who is associated with his father in the management of the Durrell estate. The family are members of the Church of the Covenant (Presbyterian), in which Mr. Durrell is serving as elder. He has always stood for those things which are uplifting elements in the life of the individual and the community and which are most serviceable factors for good in the world's work and at the same time his labors have been quietly performed, actuated by a sense of duty rather than by a desire for the public recognition of their worth. CAPTAIN W. EMERSON MOOAR. Captain W. Emerson Mooar, for the past, three years in charge of the steamer Princess, was born in Newport, Kentucky, on the 28th of July, 1876, and is a son of Captain Luke M. and Cornelia (Moore) Mooar. His father, who is a native of Palestine, Ohio, will he seventy years of age on the 4th of June 1912. He has followed the river all of his business life and is now captain of the Marmet, continuing to make Newport his home. Patriotic and public-spirited, Captain Luke Mooar has ever been loyal to his country and when 184 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the Civil war broke out, he went to the front for three years, enlisting at Boston, Massachusetts. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity in which organization he has attained high rank in the York Rite, being affiliated with Newport Commandery, No. 13, K. T., of Newport, Kentucky. The paternal grandfather was a native of New England, coming to the west from Nashua, New Hampshire. He crossed the mountains in a wagon, by means of which conveyance he covered the entire distance to the river, continuing the journey by flat boat. He was one of the pioneer settlers of Palestine, where for many years he was justice of the peace. The early years in the life of Captain W. Emerson Mooar were spent in his native city, in whose public schools he was a student until he had attained the age of fifteen years. He then laid aside his text-books and went on the river with his father. Having decided to make this work his life vocation, he applied himself to the careful mastery of the entire route from Louisville to New Orleans. He was accorded his first pilot papers upon attaining his majority, these being followed three years later by his master papers, since which time he has been in charge of the Princess. Fraternally he is a member of the Order of United American Mechanics, of Newport, in which city he makes his home. HARRY GRAHAM POUNSFORD. Harry Graham Pounsford is secretary of the Pounsford Stationery Company and representative of a family that for several generations has been connected with the paper business. That the same line of trade has been handed down from father to son is an indication not only that the output of the factory has been of desirable quality but also that the business methods of the house have ever been unassailable. The company of which Harry G. Pounsford is now secretary was organized under its present form in 1896, at which date papers of incorporation were taken out. His great-grandfather, Thomas Graham, was a wealthy and prominent citizen of Cincinnati, of Scotch-Irish descent. He founded the first paper-making machine used in the west and the family for many generations have resided in this country. Our subject's grandfather, James Graham, built large paper mills at Graham's Mills on the Miami river, near Hamilton, Ohio. His grandmother, Mary (Brown) Graham, was a niece and ward of Hon. Ethan Allen Brown, who served two terms as governor of Ohio and afterward as United States senator. Following his term he was appointed United States minister to Brazil at Rio de Janeiro, South America. Arthur H. Pounsford, father of Harry G. Pounsford, was one of the founders of the business in which the son is now interested. He was a nephew Dr. Daniel Drake, one of the most prominent and noted of Cincinnati's early citizens. Dr. Drake was the founder of medicine in Cincinnati and of the Cincinnati College. Arthur H. Pounsford spent most of his youth in the Doctor's family. The original location of the Pounsford Company was at the corner of Second and Main streets, at that time the center of the wholesale trade of the city, this CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 187 firm being the oldest one and the pioneer in their line of business. The house formerly issued a number of well known publications, among them "being Dick's Works, Plutarch's Lives, Rolland's Ancient History and Clark's Commentaries. A general publishing, printing and wholesale stationery business was conducted and the company engaged quite extensively in the manufacture of blank books Arthur H. Pounsford was regarded as one of the valued and representative business men of Cincinnati up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1894, when he was seventy-two years of age. His remains were interred in the family lot in Spring Grove cemetery. He was very prominent in public affairs of College Hill, where he served for a number of years as councilman, and he organized and was also president of the Village Improvement Society. His fellow citizens gave him credit for instituting the beautiful park effect of the village brought about through his planting of thousands of fine shade trees. He was instrumental and took a prominent part in having the beautiful stone Presbyterian church and the town hall of College Hill built. He was also one of the few citizens of that place who contributed largely and was instrumental in having the street car service extended to College Hill at an expense of about thirty thousand dollars to the citizens. Up to that time a narrow gauge railroad had supplied the means of communication with the city. It was in 1879 that he removed to College Hill from Cincinnati, where he had always resided and was regarded as one of the most valued and respected business men of the Queen City. His methods wrought not only for present good but for the future as well and no matter how extensive and important were his business affairs he found time for cooperation in movements for the public good. To Arthur H. and Sarah M. Pounsford, on the 4th of December, 1864, was born a son, to whom they gave the name of Harry G. In his youthful days the boy attended the public schools of Cincinnati and afterward became a pupil in the Farmers College of College Hill, which numbered among its alumni President Benjamin Harrison, Bishop Walden, Murat Halstead and many other prominent men. Mr. Pounsford completed his course there when fifteen years of age, after which he went to Omaha, Nebraska, where he was employed by the Chicago Lumber Company, and later by the Union Pacific Railroad Company. Subsequently he returned to Cincinnati and joined his father in business, becoming a clerk in the establishment of A. H. Pounsford & Company in January, 1888. Later the business was reorganized as a stock company under the name of .the Pounsford Stationery Company, on which occasion, in 1896, Harry G. Pounsford was elected secretary. He has since remained in that executive position and his long experience and thorough understanding of the business well qualifies him for the onerous and responsible duties of management which devolve upon him. His work has added another creditable page to the record which the family has made in connection with the paper btisiness of Ohio. Extending his efforts into other business connections, Mr. Pounsford is now the vice president of the Knerr Board & Paper Company, owning paper mills at Kokomo, Indiana, and until recently another mill at Dayton, Ohio, which, however, was destroyed by fire. He is likewise a director and one of the largest stockholders of the Champion Coated Paper Company of Hamilton, Ohio, a director of the American Valve & Meter Company of Cincinnati, treasurer of the College Hill Realty, Vol. IV-10 188 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Company, which controls the large Glenwood flats at College Hill, director of the Schacht Motor Car Company, and trustee and treasurer of the Smoke Abatment League of Cincinnati. Mr. Pounsford maintains his residence at College Hill and his labors have been very effective in promoting the best interests of the town. For fifteen years he has served as a member of its council and has exercised his official prerogative in support of many movements for the general good. His political support is given to the republican party where national issues are involved but at local buy elections he casts an independent ballot. He is a Mason of the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and also a member of the Mystic Shrine. He co-operates in the work of the Business Men's Club and enjoys its social features as he does those of the Cincinnati Automobile Club. His religious faith in that of the Presbyterian church and, active in various departments of its work he has served as its treasurer for sixteen years. He is also a director of the Young Men's Christian Association. At College Hill, in June, 1891, M r. Pounsford was married to Miss Susie M. Aiken, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of Professor Charles M. Aiken, who was superintendent of music in the Cincinnati public schools for a number of years, while his son Walter H. Aiken is now the incumbent of that office. Mrs. Pounsford is justly noted for her musical talent, being accounted one of the leading soprano soloists of the city. She has been the soloist in the Avondale Episcopal, the City Unitarian and the College Hill Presbyterian church and is very widely known in musical circles. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Pounsford have been, born two sons and two daughters : Arthur Graham, a graduate of the Ohio Military Institute, who is now pursuing a mechanical-engineering course at Cornell University, and is also a commissioned officer of the military department of that college ; Stanley Merrill, a student at Hughes high school ; and Mary Aiken and Laura Thomson, both attending school at College Hill. The family is prominent socially and their home is justly noted for its warm hospitality. Since entering business circles the ability and worth of Mr. Pounsford have been recognized by his contemporaries and colleagues. He is resourceful and able and his well formulated plans work out in practical methods that bring substantial results. JACOB BURNET, SR. Having left the impress of his individuality upon the judicial history and upon the substantial development of Cincinnati and southern Ohio, the name of Judge. Jacob Burnet, Sr., deserves prominence in this volume. Born in Newark, New Jersey, on the 22d of February, 1770, Jacob Burnet reached the age of eighty-three years and in his life work accomplished much good for his fellowmen. His father was Dr. William Burnet, surgeon general of the eastern division of the Revolutionary army, who was born at Lyons Farm, near Elizabethtown, New Jersey, and in early manhood wedded Mary Camp, a daughter of Captain Nathaniel Camp. Dr. Burnet was a friend of Judge Symes and Israel Ludlow, and after investing money in the new territory intended to visit his possessions in 1791 but his death occurred in that year. Of Scotch descent he was a son of Dr. Ichabod Burnet and a grandson of Thomas Bur- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 189 net, which carries the ancestry back to an early period in the development of the new world. Spending his youthful days under the parental roof, Judge Burnet pursued his education at Nassau Hall, now Princeton College, of New Jersey. He completed his course by graduation in 1791. Having watched the stirring events from 1776 to 1783 with Hamilton, Jay and Madison in the front, he finally saw the constitution of the United States successfully go into operation, and was present at the inauguration of its first president. After his graduation, he devoted his attention to the study of law, and was admitted to practice before the New Jersey bar in 1796. Partly on account of ill health and partly of prospects offered in the west, he came to Ohio that year, settling in Cincinnati, which, at that time was a crude fort, with about fifteen log cabins and a population of five hundred, and with the territory extending from Pennsylvania to the Mississippi and from the Great Lakes to the Ohio river. The seats of justice were Marietta, Cincinnati, Vincennes and Kaskaskia, and at these places three judges held court once a year, traveling in company on horseback, carrying their own provisions and camping out at night. Judge Burnet was appointed one of the first judges, and his experience with the country, people and especially with the Indians, who soon learned to look upon him as a friend, enabled him to write “Notes on the North Western Territory," which is our only text book on that part of our history. His mother tells us of the saving of Judge Burnet's life at a meeting with Tecumseh and other Indian chiefs, when they were assembled to arrange for further cession of land. Tecumseh, standing in front of the Judge, threw his tomahawk past the Judge's shoulder and brained an Indian who had silently crept into the tent and behind the Judge with murderous intent. In 1802, when Ohio became a state, he wrote the first constitution. In 1821 he was called to sit upon the supreme bench of Ohio and served as an active and honored member of the court of last resort in this state until 1828, when he resigned to become a member of the United States senate. He was the business partner of William Henry Harrison and proposed his name at the convention which nominated Harrison for president. When the latter was elected, Judge Burnet was chosen to fill out his unexpired term in the senate and became a desk mate of Daniel Webster. Report has it, and it is a tradition in the family, that it was on notes made by Judge Burnet on Hayne's speech that Webster, who was absent from the senate at that time, founded his reply, and for this reason was given the prominent place which he occupies in the celebrated picture in Faneuil Hall called, Webster's Reply to Hayne. He owned a great deal of property in Cincinnati, including Burnet Woods, the Zoo Garden and Mount Auburn, and other extensive financial interests. When not engaged in the work of framing the laws of the state and nation as a member of the general assembly and the United States senate he practiced law in Cincinnati and was for many years accorded distinction as one of the eminent representatives of the bar. He never ceased to be a student and combined with indefatigable energy a capacity for long sustained and intelligently directed labor. He possessed above all the legal instinct, the breadth of view, that saw the law as a whole,. consistent in all its parts, developed through a long line of precedents and experiences into a complete rule of conduct—a safe guide for the well disposed and a restraint 190 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and a menace to those inclined to forget their relations and obligations to their fellows. Judge Burnet was moreover an interested student of the vital questions and interests not only of his own country but of the world at large, and his public spirit was ofttimes manifest in his relation to Cincinnati's welfare. He was one of the original promoters of the Cincinnati observatory and contributed largely toward the expenses involved in its building and equipment. He was also instrumental in bringing President Adams to this city to deliver the address at the opening of the observatory. He was greatly interested in the first movement toward the colonization of the African negro in Liberia and his political allegiance was given to the whig party. He was ever greatly interested in educational matters and did all in his power to further the cause of the public school and to place the means of education within the reach of all. In Marietta, Ohio, in 1802, Judge Burnet was married to Miss Rebecca Wallace, a daughter of the Rev. Matthew Wallace, who was descended from royalty. Mrs. Burnet was one of the founders and the first president of the Cincinnati Orphan Asylum. Unto Judge and Mrs. Burnet were born six children : Mary, the wife of Vachel Worthington ; Elizabeth, the wife of William S. Groesbeck ; Caroline, the wife of Nathaniel McLean ; George, who died unmarried ; William, who first wedded Margaretta Currie, second Susan Clark and third Mary Schooley ; and Robert, who married Margaret Groesbeck. The family lived for years on the site of the present Burnet House and subsequently removed to a home at Seventh and Elm streets, where they had a farm. There they erected a home on the site of the present Odd Fellows temple, where Judge and Mrs. Burnet spent the rest of their days, their remains now resting in the Burnet vault in Spring Grove cemetery. The old Judge was a conspicuous and very picturesque figure on the streets of Cincinnati in his later days. He was the last of the old school to wear his hair in a queue and to carry the tall cane of the early times. While not a member of any church Judge Burnet was a conscientious Christian gentleman, who regularly attended divine service and gave freely to the support of the old Second Presbyterian church which was organized in his parlor in 1816. He belonged to the Order of Cincinnati and possessed most attractive social qualities. He never swerved in a course which he believed to be right and few of the early lawyers of Cincinnati have so largely left the impress of their individuality upon the history of the Ohio bar. JACOB BURNET, JR. Jacob Burnet, who was named in honor of his grandfather, Judge Jacob Burnet, the framer of Ohio's constitution and one of the most distinguished of the early jurists of the state, was born in Cincinnati in 1830, a son of William Burnet. He studied law and was admitted to the bar but after practicing for a time in 1871 he turned his attention to the insurance business, being elected in that year to the presidency of the Cincinnati Insurance Company. This company passed through a most critical period at the time of the great Chicago fire. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 191 The demands made upon it were extremely heavy but by the careful management of Mr. Burnet it was once more placed upon a substantial basis and at his death was in most excellent condition. For twenty years he remained at the head of the business, utilizing every possible opportunity for its development and expansion, and his well formulated and wisely executed plans brought him to an enviable position among the foremost residents of Cincinnati. In 1856, Jacob Burnet, Jr., was married to Miss Mary Scott Duncan, of Louisville. His death occurred on the 4th of April, 1891. He had long been an active member of the Second Presbyterian church, in which he served as elder, while in the various departments of the church work he took an active and helpful interest. The changes which he made in his business relations eventually brought him into connections which he greatly enjoyed and in the conduct of his interests he developed one of the strong corporations of southern Ohio. His life, too, in his relation with his fellowmen, manifested a recognition the obligations which devolved upon all. He met all of life's responsibilities with the strength of upright, honorable manhood and determined purpose, and when called from the scene of earthly activity left as a cherished memory to his family an honored name. JOSEPH LLOYD HALL. Carlyle has said : "The story of any man's life would be of interest and value if truly told," and adds further that "biography is the most interesting and profitable of all reading." When the record is a chronicle of honest industry and successful accomplishment it cannot fail to inspire those who read, and when business success is accompanied by recognition of man's obligations to his fellowmen as well as of the responsibilities of wealth it may, indeed, serve as an object lesson. Such is the history of Joseph L. Hall, who for many years figured prominently in commercial and industrial circles in Cincinnati and at his death left a most honored name. His business activity brought him world-wide fame in connection with the conduct and establishment of a business is now conducted under the name of The Hall's Safe Company. A native of New Jersey, Joseph L. Hall was born in Salem, on the 9th of May, 1823, the second son of Edward and Anna (Lloyd) Hall. In 1832 his parents removed from New Jersey to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and the father followed various business pursuits but was unfortunate in all, so that the sons were early obliged to assume the burden of providing for their own support. The necessarily meant limited educational advantages and it was only in the school of experience that Joseph L. Hall learned the practical lessons of life. He possessed, however, a receptive mind and retentive memory and these enabled him to pick up the threads of knowledge and weave them into a finished whole, so that in time he came to be regarded as a man of most sound judgment and keen discrimination. He was but eight years of age when he secured a position as errand boy. His wages were very small but provided for his own support. His natural taste and talent was along mechanical lines but it was some years before opportunity came for him to develop his powers in that direction. 192 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY He was seventeen years of age before he secured permanent employment of any kind. At that time he became connected with steamboat interests and was employed on various boats on the Mississippi and other rivers until 1846. Thus mingling with the public he became a good judge of men and his power in this direction later proved valuable in the selection of assistants for the conduct of his growing business. Upon his return to Pittsburg Mr. Hall joined his father in the maufacture of fireproof safes, an industry then in its infancy. Both father and son possessed notable mechanical ingenuity and skill but were constantly hampered by lack of funds. Even after their removal to Cincinnati they had difficulty in continuing the business because they had nothing with which to finance the enterprise and in 1851 the father withdrew, disposing of his interest to William B. Dodds, at which time the firm of Hall, Dodds & Company was form-an organization of enterprising, energetic, ambitious business men. Mr. Hall’s partners furnished the capital and he the mechanical skill and knowledge and soon the development of the business was shown in the fact that they were employing fifteen men and turning out two complete safes each week. The value of the product which they were manufacturing won immediate recognition throughout the business world and by May, 1867, their patronage had grown enormously. It was at that date that Mr. Hall organized the Hall Safe & Lock Company, becoming its president and treasurer. His inventive genius now had full scope and he devoted his time to the improvement of old methods and to the construction of locks and safes which exceeded all others in stability and suitability for purposes used. He obtained more than thirty patents for his various improvements and inventions and was the patentee of eleven different bank locks. Upon these he always won first premiums at every exposition. The Hall Company has every reason to be proud of its record safe of their manufacture has ever failed of its purpose in time of fire, trade grew until the business had become one of the mammoth industrial enterprises of Cincinnati, its shipments reaching the farthermost parts of the country until the name of Hall in connection with safe and lock manufacture is a familiar one in every hamlet and village of America. Eventually Mr Hall became interested in many other corporations of Cincinnati with which he held official relations. For many years he was one of the directors and conservative advisers of the Cincinnati National Bank, and his opinions often constituted the saving element in the conduct of business affairs. In early manhood Mr. Hall was united in marriage to Miss Sarah J. Jewell, a native of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Their children were as follows: Anna M., who became the wife of Richard T. Pullen, of Cincinnati, died May 24, 1903. Edward C. married Anna M. Mix, a daughter of Captain William F. and Ann (Freeman) Mix, and unto them were born five children. Joseph L., who doed May 18, 1879, had married Carrie Potts. Katherine L. is the widow of John B. Hart of Cincinnati. William H. wedded Mary Pullen and has three children. Charles O. married Adella B. Bryan, of Elmira, New York. A Action married Mary Foulds, a daughter of Thomas F. Foulds, of Cincinnati. Walker P. married Lavinia Baker and is a member of the business firm of Roberts & Hall of this city. Pearl married Dr. Gustavus S. Junkerman, dean of the Cincinnati College of Dental Surgery. Sarah J. wedded Frank H. Clark, of Spring- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 193 field, Chloe is the next of the family. Jessie, the youngest, is the wife of Alfred Trevor. Chloe Hall became the wife of S. F. Kemper, a son of Henry and Elizabeth (Martin) Kemper, the former of whom was born August 14, 1929, in the house at the corner of Highland and McMillan streets and for many years was a member of the firm of Kemper Brothers, dealers in carriage trimmings. Since the death of the father, who was one of the founders of the business, the manufacture of safes and locks has been carried on under the firm name of The Hall's Safe Company. This is one of the large and important business organizations of Cincinnati, with Edward C. Hall as president ; William H. Hall, vice president; S. F. Kemper, secretary ; and Mrs. Frank H. Clark, formerly Sarah J. Hall of Springfield, Ohio, and A. Acton Hall of Piqua, Ohio, as incorporators. It was on the l0th of March, 1889, that death severed the connection of Joseph L. Hall with the mammoth business undertaking which he had built up and with the other interests of life with which he had become so closely associated. He ranked for many years not only as a leading business man but also as one of the most valued and honored citizens of Cincinnati. He might have had any office within the gift of his fellow townsmen but he would never consent to become a candidate for political preferment. The interests of his life centered in his business, his family and in the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was for many years a devoted and faithful member. He displayed at all times an affable manner, was a man of pleasing personality and at all times recognized his obligations to his fellowmen. He gave freely to charity and his benevolence was the expression of the promptings of a deep and abiding interest in the welfare and progress of his fellowmen. He was one to whom the world instinctively paid deference because of his upright life and honorable purposes. At no time, in the stress of business, in his relations as a citizen or is his associations in social life, did he ever forget the duties which he owed to his fellowmen and his personal traits of character were such as won for him high esteem. JOHN B. MORRIS. John B. Morris, who has been engaged in the insurance business in Cincinnati the past eight years, was born in Covington, Kentucky, on the 5th of May, 1875, and is a son of Benjamin W. and Sarah (Funk) Morris. The father is a native of Cincinnati, but the mother was born and reared in Covington, and is a daughter of Captain Funk, at one time the largest plow manufacturer in the United States. They made their home in Covington for about thirteen years after their marriage when they removed to this city. John. B. Morris was ten years of age when his parents located in Cincinnati, and he began his education in its public schools, and after the completion of the course therein became a student of the Cincinnati Technical school. Upon the completion of his schooling he began his business career, his first position being in a wholesale paper house. He began in the capacity of stock 194 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY boy, but as he was a bright youth with an abundance of energy, naturally he aspired to something better and applied himself diligently to. acquiring as much knowledge as possible about the business. His efforts in this direction did not pass unobserved and were rewarded by his being promoted from time to time until he became a salesman. Resigning his position here he went Dun & Bradstreet, continuing with them for nine years, during which period he became very familiar with the credit business. He next became identified with the credit insurance business, being associated in this with A. O. Kaplin, general agent at that time for the Ocean Accident & Guarantee Corporation of London, England. This connection lasted for two years, and during that period, Mr. Morris made such an excellent record that he was subsequently offered the general agency for four states. That was in 1907, and in the years that have elapsed he has fully met in every way the expectations of the company with which he is identified. He has applied himself closely to the work and has had the gratification of being able to show an appreciable increase in the business done through his office each year. His efforts have been very factorily rewarded, which fact is entirely attributable to his individul endeavors, and his business is well established and thriving. Mr. Morris belongs to that large class of men, who have placed the United States at the fore in the commercial world, not so much because of their inherent ability or unusual qualifications, but because they refuse to accept any compromise but keep persistently pursuing the thing to which they aspire until they attain it. Mr. Morris married Miss Margaret E. Walton, a daughter of Mrs. Jennie E. Walton, of Covington, Kentucky, and they have become the parents of one son, B. Walton Morris. They reside at No. 3564 Zumstein avenue, Hyde Park, and Mr. Morris' office is located in suite 510 Neave building, this city. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic order, and in matters of faith he is a Methodist, as is also Mrs. Morris, their membership being in a church at Hyde Park, and he is likewise identified with the Business Mens' Club there. Enterprising and progressive in all of his undertakings, Mr. Morris is meeting with well merited success and can now feel assured of the continuous development of his business. CAPTAIN OSCAR F. BARRETT. Captain Oscar F. Barrett has been for many years an active factor in the commercial and financial activities of Cincinnati, particularly in connection with river transportation interests to which he has largely devoted his time and energy. He is a native of Meigs county, Ohio, where he was born in 1860, the son of Captain John Barrett, who was born in Lewis county, Kentucky, and began his career in 1838 his boyhood on the Kanawaha river. After coming to Cincinnati the father engaged in the wholesale coal business and harbor towing, beginning with the tug Fairfield, afterwards building the tugs J. H. Moulton and Hiram Campbell and became the owner of the Queen City Coal Harbor. Later he engaged as a merchant at Dayton, Kentucky, and subsequently leased the CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 197 Newport Coal Harbor at Riverside, now known as Barretts Landing. About 1870 he founded the Barrett Line for towing and freighting and was active in its management during the remainder of his life. He engaged extensively in steamer and barge building at Antiquity, Ohio, and in 1890 purchased the Boyd shipyard at Lavenna. In 1886 he purchased the Excel and later such well known crafts as the Robert Peebles, John Barrett, Jennie Campbell, Mattie Roberts, Charley McDonald, Houston-Combs No. 2, Scotia, Sidney Dillon, B. S. Shea, and others were added to the line. His activities extended to every navigable part of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and many of their tributaries. He was a valued member of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, and was a Mason of high degree, being identified with Henry Barnes Lodge, F. & A. M., of Dayton, Kentucky ; Kilwinning Chapter, No. 97, R. A. M. and Hanselman Commandery, No. 16, K. T., of Cincinnati. During the Civil war he served with the One Hundred and Fortieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, enlisting in the hundred day service but continued for some time after the term of his enlistment had expired, being discharged December 15, 1864, as first lieutenant. He married Dorothy, daughter of Henry Harpold, of Racine, Ohio, and they became the parents of three children, of whom two survive, Oscar F. and George Johnston, the latter residing at Cairo, Illinois. Captain Barrett died December 29, 1897, and his death was the occasion for sincere regret to the wide circle of friends who had learned to admire him for his ability, integrity and his many estimable qualities of heart and mind. Captain Oscar F. Barrett, whose name heads this review, was reared in various towns of Kentucky and received his education in the public schools of that state and Hughes high school of Cincinnati. He began following the river in his boyhood with his father and received his first master's papers when but twenty-one years of age. In time he became largely interested in the various esterprises with which his father was identified and upon his death assumed the management of the estate. He is the proprietor of the transportation business conducted under the title of John Barrett & Son, operating five steamers and over fifty barges and engaging extensively in boat and barge building, and The Barrett Mill & Lumber Company. He was one of the organizers of the Campbell County Bank, of which he has served as president since its organization, and he was one of the organizers of The Frankfort Elevator Coal Company, of which he is also president. He is a member of the board of directors of the Louisville & Cincinnati Packet Company, The Consolidated Boat Store Company, and The Columbia Life Insurance Company, being a member of the executive committee and chairman of the finance committee of the last named. He has been one of the most influential advocates of river improvement and is a member of the executive committee of the Ohio Valley Improvement Association, and is an authority on river traffic and its needs. He takes a lively interest in the development of Cincinnati as a commercial and manufacturing center and is a member and director of the Chamber of Commerce. He is also a member of the Business Men's Club, Fort Mitchell Golf Club, Cincinnati Golf Club, Automobile Club of Cincinnati and serves as a trustee of Georgetown University. 198 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Fraternally he is identified with Henry Barnes Lodge, F. & A. Dayton, Kentucky ; Kilwinning Chapter, R. A. M.; Trinity Commandery, K. T.; Ohio Consistory, S. R.; and Syrian Temple; A. A. O. N. M. S., and is also member of the Knights of Pythias lodge of Dayton, Kentucky. On August 20, 1890, Captain Barrett was married to Mayme E., daughter of Jacob A. and Anna (Crenshaw) Slack, of Mason county, Kentucky. They are the parents of two children, Oscar Slack and Dorothy Marie. Mrs. Barrett are members of the Christian church, Walnut Hills, Mrs. Barrett being particularly interested and active in the church's various charities. Mr. Barrett finds his recreation in motoring and outdoor sports. He has a model farm in Mason county, Kentucky, where he indulges his love for fine stock, and is a successful breeder of blooded coach horses and Aberdeen Angus cattle. Genial, generous, eminently successful, Captain Barrett belongs to that class of men who add stability and dignity to their occupation and who represent the practical ideas and the progress of the twentieth century. JACOB G. SCHMIDLAPP. Jacob G. Schmidlapp, a prominent citizen of Cincinnati, whose interest in the comfort and happiness of his fellowmen has found expression in many generous and kindly acts, making his name widely known as that of philanthropist and lover of peace, was born at Piqua, Ohio, September 7, 1849. He is a son of Jacob A. Schmidlapp, who was born in Germany, February 9, 1812, and came to America, locating in Ohio in 1828, removing to Piqua, Ohio, in 1832, when he was married to Sophia F. Haug, also a native of Germany, born July 29, 1818. She died in 1886 in the same house in which she married, her husband having passed away in 1876. There were eight children in their family, three of whom are now living. Jacob G. Schmidlapp received his early education in the public schools of Piqua and was given his introduction to business as an employe of the firm of B. Loewenstein & Brothers, of Memphis, Tennessee. He served as cashier a little more than one year and then on May 1, 1868, began in the cigar business in Memphis, continuing for six years. In 1874, believing that larger opportunities were presented at Cincinnati, he took up his residence in this city, where he has since made his home. He was at one time identified with the distilling business. He was one of the organizers of the Export Storage Company and of the Union Savings Bank and Trust Company and is now chairman of its board of directors, also director in many other companies in Cincinnati and New York, including the Equitable Life Assurance Society of New York. In 1877 Mr. Schmidlapp was united in marriage to Miss Emelie Balke, a native of this city, and to this union six children were born, two of whom survive namely : William Horace, who married Miss Jean Maxwell, a daughter of Lawrence Maxwell, a prominent attorney of Cincinnati, and who is connected with the Monitor Stove Company ; and Carl, who is now in the employ of Bankers Trust Company of New York. Mrs. Schmidlapp and a daughter, Emma, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 199 were killed in a railroad accident in the western part of the United States and a younger daughter, Charlotte Rose, lost her life in an automobile accident in France. The loss of three members of his family fell heavily, indeed, upon the father, but he has bravely continued in the discharge of his duties and by a life of devotion to noble ideals has assisted in lightening the burdens of many. The Charlotte R. Schmidlapp Fund for the assistance of girls in securing an education and a dormitory in connection with the Cincinnati College of Music are lasting memorials contributed by Mr. Schmidlapp in commemoration of his family. He has also given a library and a memorial monument to his native city of Piqua. He is treasurer of the College of Music and of the Cincinnati Bureau of Municipal Research and a member of the board of trustees of the Colored Industrial School of Cincinnati. He is, moreover, treasurer of the Cincinnati branch of the Red Cross Endowment Fund ; treasurer of the American Society for the Judicial Settlement of International Disputes; and a member of the board of trustees of the Carnegie Peace Fund. He is well known in club circles, being a member of the Business Men's Club, the Commercial Club, the Queen City Club and the Country Club. Few men are more usily employed in behalf of others ; and as the holder of important trusts he has shown a business ability and a keenness of judgment, a fidelity and courage meeting emergencies, which have been of invaluable service to the various important organizations with which he is connected. Beginning as a young man with nothing to rely upon but his own stout heart and strong arms, he has become a blessing to his kind. It is to such men that the world looks for leaders in the movement for peace and it is such men who will finally accomplish the world federation long dreamed of by poets and philosophers when all the races of the earth shall dwell in harmony. MAX C. FLEISCHMANN. Max C. Fleischmann, first vice president of the Fleischmann Company, distillers and manufacturers of compressed yeast, of Cincinnati, was born in this city February 26, 1877, and ever since he entered upon his active career has been interested in the yeast and distilling business. He is a son of Charles and Henrietta (Robertson) Fleischmann. The father was a native of Austria-Hungary and emigrated to America about 1870, locating at Cincinnati. He was the founder of the Fleischmann Company and for many years was one of the Prominent business men of Cincinnati. He died December 1o, 1898, but his wife is still living and makes her home in this city. Mr. Fleischmann of this review received a good preliminary education and then entered the Ohio Military Institute and soon became recognized as one of its most earnest and capable students. At the time of the Spanish-American war he was able to make practical use of the knowledge he had gained concerning military matters. Like thousands of patriotic young men he offered his services to his country and was appointed first lieutenant of a troop of cavalry which he commanded during the war, discharging his responsibilities in a way that met the hearty approval of the higher officers. After the close of the