200 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY war he entered the manufacturing department of the Fleischmann Coinpany as its superintendent, a position he held until the company was incorporated, in 1908, when he was elected vice president. He understands the business in all its details and has assisted in a marked degree in advancing the interests of the company. He is also actively identified with other business enterprises, being a member of the board of directors of the Market National Bank, and vice president of the Illinois Vinegar Company, the Union Grain & Hay Company, The Fleischmann Malting Company, and the American Diamalt Company. On the 22d of December, 1906, Mr. Fleischmann was married in this city to Miss Sarah Sherlock, a daughter of John C. and Margaret Sherlock. Mr. Sherlock is a retired capitalist and has made his home in this city for many years. In politics Mr. Fleischmann is a stanch adherent of the republican party the principles of which appear to him as highly essential to the perpetuity of the nation. He takes a great interest in the Masonic order and has attained the thirty-second degree, being a member of the Mile lodge, chapter, commandery and shrine. He is also a life member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Socially he is very active and is a member of the Queen City Club of Cincinnati, and the Explorers Club, the Artie Club and the New York Yacht Club, of NeW York city. He is fond of outdoor diversions, hunting, fishing, boating and travel, and has many warm, personal friends in the organizations with which he is connected. In business he has been remarkably successful for one of his age and ranks among the most energetic and progressive men of Cincinnati. OTTO G. RAUCHFUSS. Otto G. Rauchfuss, prominently identified with the drug business on Walnut Hills, is a native of Cincinnati. He was born on the 21st of December, 1880, a son of Otto Gustav Rauchfuss, who for many years was a well known druggist of Cincinnati. The father was a native of Posen, Germany, He was born in 1842 and received good advantages of education in the public schools and gymnasium. He served in the German army for a year and at the age of nineteen, in 1861, started westward with the intention of making a leisurely tour of the world. He stopped at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and liked the city so well, that he applied for employment in a wholesale drug house and continued in Pittsburg for about four years. In 1865 he came to Cincinnati and at the time of the cholera epidemic was employed in the retail drug business. Here he met the young lady, to whom he was afterward, married and he postponed indefinitely his tour of the globe. About 1866 he opened a retail drug store at Fourteenth and Vine streets and conducted business there until 1872, when he went into the wholesale business. In 1893 he retired from the wholesale trade and opened a retail drug store at the corner of Woodburn and Gilbert streets and his venture proved highly successful. In 1869 he was married to Miss Marie Fischer, a daughter of Dr. Valentine Fischer, who was the first physician at the Betts Street Hospital. Mr. Rauchfuss died in 1910, being then CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 201 sixty-eight years of age. His death occasioned deep regret not only to his family but to many friends who had learned to esteem him for his noble qualities. Mr. Rauchfuss, of this sketch, was educated in the public schools and at Walnut Hills high school. At the age of eighteen his patriotic spirit, like that of tens of thousands of young men of the country, was aroused by the Spanish-American war. He offered his services as a soldier and was accepted as a member of Battery M, Fourth Artillery, and sent with other members of the battery to New Castle, New Hampshire. This body of troops guarded Admiral Cervera and the officers and men of his fleet who had been captured after one of the memorable battles of the war. Mr. Rauchfuss continued for three years at New Castle, and then entered the lighthouse service of the United States bovernment, remaining with that branch for two years. After retiring from military life he returned to Cincinnati and studied pharmacy under his father. The necessary preparations being completed, he matriculated at the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, from which he was graduated with the degree of Ph. G. In 1907 Since the death of his father he has had charge of the store on Walnut Hills and is now at the head of a flourishing business which gives promise of steady increase. As he has in all the relations of life measured up to the standard of honorable manhood, it requires no prophet to predict for him continued advancement in his chosen calling. MICHAEL E. DALY. From apprentice boy to the general superintendency of one of the great manufacturing enterprises of Cincinnati is a long step, but it has been taken by Michael E. Daly, who for five years past has been one of the leading officers of The American Laundry Machine Company. This position he reached by a persistent application and sound business judgment—two qualities that command a premium the world over and fortunate, indeed, is he who possesses them. Mr. Daly was horn in Covington, Kentucky, in 1863, a son of Michael and Elizabeth Daly. The father was a native of the Emerald isle and emigrated to America, becoming later a government contractor on the lower Mississippi river. Michael E. Daly received his preliminary education in the public schools and in his boyhood became acquainted with the manufacture of machinery. He learned his trade with the A. M. Dolph Laundry Machine Company, which was the first company of the kind to open for business in Cincinnati. He was diligent in his work and wide-awake to the interests of his employers, advancing through various positions of responsibility until he became superintendent of the Walkins Laundry Machine Company of this city. About five years ago the company was merged with the American Laundry Machine Company and he was made general superintendent of the latter organization, a position he has since held. He is recognized as one of the best informed men in the country upon all matters pertaining to laundry machinery and his opinion is regarded as highly valuable by his associates in business. He is thoroughly competent 202 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY as a manager and possesses an insight into human nature which has assisted him greatly in contact with men. In 1883 Mr. Daly was married, in this city, to Miss Clara Crawford, whose parents located in Cincinnati many Nears ago. To this union twelve children have been born, nine of whom are now living, namely, Edward, Michael, Clifford, David, Leonard, Frances, Clara, Lottie and Marie. Mr. Daly has observed the advantages of education and of early training along lines of usefulness and his children have possessed every desirable opportunity of attendance at the public and high schools. He is an ardent lover of music and he and his estimable wife have encouraged their children to develop their musical talents, thus making home life more cheerful and agreeable to old and young. In religious belief Mr. Daly is a Roman Catholic, the faith in which he was reared and of which he is a worthy exponent. He and his family are connected with St. Patrick's church of Cumminsville and he is a liberal contributor not only to the church but to all worthy causes. Fraternally he affiliates with the Knights of Columbus. He is the owner of a commodious and beautifully furnished home at 1652 Frederick avenue, Cumminsville, and here he spends many happy hours amidst the agreeable associations of his family and friends. In a high degree he possesses the respect and confidence of his fellowmen and is, therefore, fully entitled to the position he fills as one of the substantial citizens of Hamilton county. THOMAS W. HAYS, M. D. Dr. Thomas W. Hays, an eminent exponent of the medical profession in Cincinnati, is well qualified by natural gifts, by excellent professional training and by experience for the position of trust and responsibility which he occupies in this city. He was born in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1863, being a son of George W. and Amanda Elizabeth (White) Hays. The Hays family is of Irish origin, being founded in America by the grandfather. The maternal ancestry is traced back to Scotch-English origin. A thorough education was accorded Thomas W. Hays, for in addition to the training obtained in the public schools he was instructed by private tutors, his father, who was a successful merchant, sparing no expense in preparing his son for meeting the needs of life. Determining upon the profession of medicine he began to read under Dr. W. E. Thompson, of Bethel, Ohio, and later under Drs. E. G. and Bruno Zinke, of Cincinnati. He matriculated in the Ohio Medical College, from which he received his degree of M. D. in 1888, at which time he was awarded the W. W. Dawson gold medal for performing the best bandaging. He then took a competitive examination for the position of at the Cincinnati Hospital, being one of the successful contestants. After serving as interne for a year he was appointed senior or receiving physician for another year and during these two years of service in this hospital examined and treated approximately ten thousand patients. He then went to Europe for further study and entered the Allgemeine Krankenhaus in Vienna. After a most valuable advanced course in medicine he returned to Cincinnati and became as- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 203 sociated with the late Professor Samuel Nickels in the. Medical College of Ohio, his alma mater, being appointed clinical lecturer to deliver lectures on clinical medicine and materia medica and therapeutics, a position which he held for twelve years. He also instructed pupils in the art of bandaging for the late Professors W. W. Dawson and P. S. Conner. In 1899 he was appointed assistant surgeon in the Betts Street Hospital, being presently promoted to the position of pathologist and later appointed on the visiting staff of the same hospital, a position which he still holds. He has acted in the capacity of district physician of the tenth ward since January, 1908, and medical inspector for schools, having under his supervision about thirty-five hundred pupils. Always actively interested in advancing the interests of medicine, he takes a prominent part in the discussions of questions of vital interest engaging the attention of the medical world, being a helpful member of the Cincinnati Medical Academy, the Ohio Medicial Society and the American Medical Association. In his political views Dr. Hays is a republican but has no time for active participation in politics. He maintains fraternal relations with Aerie No. 142, ; F. O. E., of which he is one of the examining physicians. In the practice of his profession he has achieved a position of prominence in Cincinnati and is held in high regard by all for his irreproachable sense of professional honor and his long and conscientious service in ministering to the needs of those who have called upon him to alleviate their sufferings or to help them regain that priceless jewel-health. CALEB BENTLEY MATTHEWS. Caleb Bentley Matthews, a prominent representative of the legal profession in Cincinnati, has practiced here continuously for more than four decades. His birth occurred in Oxford, Ohio, on the 14th of September, 1846, his parents being Thomas Johnston and Isabel (Brown) Matthews. The father was born at Leesburg, Virginia, in 1787, while the mother's birth occurred in the vicinity of Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1804. The first representative of the Matthews family in America was a member of Cromwell's army who, after crossing the Atlantic, took up his abode on Gunpowder Creek, Maryland. The first American ancestor of our subject on the maternal side was Francis Brown, one of the early settlers of Stamford, Connecticut. The maternal grandfather, William Brown, carried the flag of the "Forlorn Hope" at the battle of Stony Point and was personally decorated by Martha Washington for bravery. He came to the neighborhood of Cincinnati about 1789. Thomas J. Matthews, the father of Caleb B. Matthews, was at one time professor of mathematics in Transylvania University at Lexington, Kentucky, and subsequently at Miami University of Oxford, Ohio. In the meantime he served as the first president of the old Woodward College in Cincinnati, having come to this city in 1818. Caleb Bentley Matthews obtained his education in the schools of Cincinnati and after putting aside his text-books entered the service of the firm of Robert Clark & Company, later becoming a railroad employe. In 1869 he began the practice of law and has followed the profession to the present time. He is an 204 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY incessant worker, never fearing that laborious attention to detail which constitutes an important part of the office work that must always precede the trial of a case in the courts. He prepares his cases with great thoroughness and throws himself easily and naturally into the argument, displaying a self-possession and a deliberation which indicates no straining for effect. There is a precision and clearness in his statement and an acuteness and strength in his argument which speaks a mind trained in the severest school of investigation and to which the closest reasoning has become habitual and easy. He is a member of the Ohio State Bar Association and the American Bar Association. Business interests have also claimed his attention and he is now a director in the Columbia Life Insurance Company and the Union Depot and Terminal Company. At the time of the Civil war Mr. Matthews became a member of the Guthrie Greys in 1863 and was sent up the river in a boat to assist intercepting John Morgan. On the 11th of November, 1873, in Cincinnati, Mr. Matthews was married to Miss Mary A. R. Thomson, a daughter of Alexander and Mary Thomson. Their union was blessed with five children : Randolph, who married Miss Florence Foraker, daughter of Senator J. B. Foraker ; and Ruth H., the wife of Howard V. Lewis, of Plainfield, New Jersey ; a son who died in infancy, and two daughters, who are also deceased. Mr. Matthews gives his political allegiance to the democracy, while fraternally he is identified with the Masons. He is also a member of the Ohio Society of New York. His good qualities, and they are many, have strongly endeared him to those with whom he has been associated and wherever he is known he is popular with a large circle of friends. WILLIAM JAMES BREED. Those who knew William James Breed feel that the highest encomium that can be paid him falls short of doing justice to a man whose character at the times transcended the common interests of life and sought its expression in high ideals, in service to others and in an intelligent use of the talents with which nature endowed him. All were cognizant of his strong. character, kindly spirit and far-reaching sympathy and knew that association with him meant elevation and expansion. Mr. Breed was born in Fairhaven, Massachusetts, January 5, 1835, and is descended from a family whose ancestral history chronicles the fact that Allen Breed, the first of the name in America, came from England in 1630 in company with Governor Winthrop in one of the boats of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and that he brought with him his pastor, the Rev. Abram Pearson. To him was granted a large tract of land at Lynn, Massachusetts, in exchange for his interest in the ship in which he had sailed for the new world. A section of that land is still known as Breed's End, although the name was originally spelled Bread. It was the son of the Rev. Pearson who became the first president of Yale College. Representatives of the Breed family remained active factors in the Massachusetts colony and later in the commonwealth for many years, and the battle called by the name of Bunker Hill was in reality fought on Breed's Hill, which at one time was the property of an an- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 207 cestor of Abel Dennison Breed, the father of William J. Breed. Abel Dennison Breed was a financier and capitalist who was the owner of extensive mines and other valuable holdings and property interests. William J. Breed was practically a lifelong resident of Cincinnati, to which city his parents removed in his early childhood. When he had mastered a course in a private school in Providence, he attended the Hughes high school and later the Phillips Academy at Andover, Massachusetts. His initial training in the business world came to him in connection with the firm of Crane, Breed & Company, of which his father, Abel D. Breed, and M. H. Crane were the leading partners. As he gradually familiarized himself with the business he assumed greater and greater responsibilities and following the incorporation in 1882 was elected to the presidency, in which position he continued until his death. He was also interested in mining projects and various manufacturing concerns apart from his own especial business. On the 8th of February, i866, in Cincinnati, Mr. Breed was united in married to Miss Laura Adelia Adams, a daughter of Dr. Samuel Adams, of Boston, Massachusetts. Her grandfather, Dr. Samuel Adams, Sr., was one of noted the Adams family who gave two presidents to the United States, while one of his ancestors was Samuel Adams, widely acknowledged as a leader of public opinion in the period that preceded the opening of the Revolutionary war. Dr. Samuel Adams became a distinguished physician and surgeon of his native city, his ability giving him leadership in the field of his chosen life work. Unto Mr. And Mrs. Breed were born eight children, of whom five are living : Emma Thatcher; William Dennison, who married Carry Bellows Johnson ; Laura Fearing, the wife of Dr. William Makepeace Roads ; Austin Adams ; and Howard, who wedded Alice Rush Weaver. Mr. Breed voted with the republican party and his influence and efforts were all for purity in politics. He held membership in the Commercial Club, the Queen City and the Country Clubs. The greater part of his time, however, outside of business hours, was devoted to philanthropic and church work and the even in the midst of the heavy cares of an extensive business he would pause to extend a helping hand to the needy or speak a word of sympathy to those in distress Christianity was to him a vital, dynamic force in his life. For many years he was an elder in the Seventh Street Congregational church and later he served in like capacity in the Second Presbyterian church, now known as the Church of the Covenant. As a teacher in the Sunday school he had among his pupils many who are now prominent in the public life of Cincinnati. He made of his religion the motive force which prompted his every act of life. During the Civil war he took active part in the work of the Christian Commission and for many years he was prominently identified with the establishment and conduct of the Young Men's Christian Association. Recognizing the fact that in charity as well as in business the most far-reaching and beneficial results are achieved by organized and scientific effort, he cooperated in many thoroughly planned movements to help the needy and uplift humanity and his work as president of the Associated Charities of Cincinnati, covering many years, was of immeasurable benefit. At the same time he was deeply interested in the Society for the Suppression of Vice and held many offices in the local and national organizations. He placed correct valuation on education as a factor in higher Vol. IV-11 208 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Christian civilization and for twenty-five years acted as a trustee of Marietta College. At his passing, the Commercial Club issued a memorial that paid fitting and well merited tribute to his memory. Death came to him September 1, 1908, when he was visiting in Los Angeles, California. The memorial read: “It is not difficult to speak of our late member, Mr. W. J. Breed, for his life and his character were as clear as the sunlight. No man came in contact with him but speedily appreciated him at his true worth and knew he was a man who cherished not only a high- ideal of duty but who lived up to it. He constantly labored for the right, and from his earliest youth he devoted a large portion of his time to the service of others. He was not an idle sentimentalist but a worker. He was at the head of large business interests which he managed successfully yet it was his rule to set apart some time each day for the labors of love to which he was so devoted. . . . Mr. Breed was among the earliest members of the Commercial Club, his membership dating from 1883, so he had rounded out a full quarter of a century in the service of the organization. He was devoted to the club and was always ready to do his part in forwarding every good cause that it advocated. In many ways his life was ideal. He was born to wealth and to a place in the community, and he shirked none of the responsibilities that were thus put upon him. He was not a man to be content to merely wrap his talent in a napkin. He believed in the doctrine of usefulness and he exemplified it in his career. He lived beyond the traditional three score and ten. The Lord, as the scripture says, satisfied him with length of days, and like Moses ‘whenhe died his eye was not dim nor his natural forces abated.' He was happy in his death in that he was spared any season of suffering or distress. He was taken away suddenly in the full tide of his activities, but he was taken away after he had rounded out his career and had made the most of his opportunities. His friends will miss him, but the memory of his sweet and beautiful life, of his sincerity and simplicity, will not be forgotten. They will not mourn for him as they would for a young man cut off in the flower and promise of his youth, but will rejoice in his memory as that of a man who laid down his task in the twilight of the day, when all that he had to do had been nobly, tifully and beaufully completed." JOEL R. BASSETT. Joel R. Bassett, who was for many years prominently identified with industrial with the interests of Cincinnati, was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1815, and, being left an orphan at an early age, made his home with an uncle until he on was twelve years old, when he went to Pittsburg. Being of a mechanical turn of mind, he learned the cabinetmaker's trade, which he followed for some years. In the early '3os he came to Cincinnati and engaged in the cabinet-making business under the firm style of Bassett & Brewster, shipping furniture to the south long before the Civil war. He also developed and produced the first machine for making bolts and spikes and had quite extensive contracts with the government at the breaking out of the Rebellion. He afterward turned his attention to pattern and model making and designing as a member of the firm of Bassett CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 209 & Dudley, being associated in business with J. D. Dudley. This firm employed many expert mechanics and continued in business until 1878, when the partnership was dissolved and Mr. Bassett conducted the business under his own name until two or three years prior to his death, which occurred in 1901, when he was eighty-four years of age. He was well known and highly respected in Cincinnati and for many years was actively identified with the Odd Fellows fraternity. In 1838 Mr. Bassett was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Loder, a daughter of James and Ann (Abrams) Loder. Her father was born in New Jersey, May 7, 1783, and served as captain in the war of 1812. Shortly after its conclusion he emigrated with others to Cincinnati, traveling from Pittsburg to this flatboat some time between the years 1815 and 1820. Being a blacksmith by occupation, he established a shop on the river front and is credited with having made the first steamboat anchor. His new shops were afterward located on the present site of the Masonic Temple on Broadway and according to custom he had many apprentices, some of whom became prominent citizens, Captain Torn Eckert and Washington McLean. The latter afterward became the owner of the Cincinnati Enquirer and was the father of John R. McLean, the present owner of that paper. Being an earnest member of the Methodist church, he became associated with the old Wesley Stone church on Fifth avenue and was a man who was held in the highest esteem by all who knew him. Mr. Loder was married in 1808 to Miss Ann Abrams and to them were born eight children, including Mrs. Bassett, who became the mother of seven children, six of whom are still living. She was born in this city and has now reached the advanced age of ninety-three years. She is a member of the Walnut Hills Methodist Episcopal church but was formerly connected with the old Wesley Chapel. CHARLES G. BASSETT. Charles G. Bassett, the youngest child of Joel R. and Eliza (Loder) Bassett, was born in Cincinnati, in 1855, and was educated in the public schools of this city. Under the direction of his father he learned cabinet and pattern making and on the death of his father succeeded to the business, the name being changed to the Bassett Pattern Works. The firm are builders, designers and draftsman of all kinds of patterns in wood and metal and special machinery and they are now doing business at the southeast corner of Second street and Central avenue. Mr. Bassett has developed the business extensively since he took charge and the establishment is today one of the important industries of the city. It has facilities for the manufacture of every variety of wood and Metal patterns and gives employment to eight or ten expert workmen. Mr. Bassett is associated in business with his brother W. E., who is also thoroughly acquainted with everything pertaining to pattern making. A resident of Cincinnati since his birth, Mr. Bassett is one of its loyal citizens and is ever found ready to assist in the promotion of the permanent interests of the community. He is largely a self-made man and his prosperity is 210 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the result of his own well directed efforts. Today he enjoys the benefits many years of labor, in the course of which he assisted many others less fortunate than himself. As a business man he has been progressive, enterprising and energetic and it is men of this class who contribute most to the permanency and prosperity of city, state and nation. PAUL GERHARD WOOLLEY, B. S., M. D. Dr. Paul G. Woolley has had an exceptionally wide and varied experience for one of his years. Nature endowed him with strong mentality and he has used his time, talents and opportunities to the best advantage, having made for himself a prominent position as a medical educator, not only of this but also of other lands. At the present writing he is professor of pathology in University of Cincinnati and is dean of its medical faculty. He was born in Paris, Illinois, April 7, 1875, a son of John Granville and Mary V. (Gerhard) Woolley, the former a distinguished temperance lecturer who is known throughout the entire country and who at one time was a candidate for president of the United States on the prohibition ticket. Dr. Woolley pursued his early education in the public schools of Minneapolis and New York city and afterward attended the Friends' Boarding school of Providence, Rhode Island, and the Boston Latin school. His more specifically literary course was pursued in the Ohio Wesleyan University and in the University of Chicago, from which he was graduated B. S. in 1896. His professional training was received in the Johns Hopkins Medical school and, following his graduation therefrom, in 1900, he was appointed interne in the Johns Hopkins Hospital, where he remained for one year, obtaining broad and valuable experience in hospital practice. For a short time he was assistant surgeon for Mexican Central Railroad, and he afterward became a Fellow in Pathology at the McGill University of Toronto, Canada, where he remained during the scholastic year of 1901-2. On leaving Canada he went to Manila, Philippine Islands, to become pathologist and bacteriologist in the bureau of science. Two years were passed in that capacity and during the succeeding two years he was director of the serum laboratory of the same bureau, and in 1905-6 he was a member of the board of directors and pathologist of St. Paul's Hospital in Manila. In 1906-7 he served as director of the Siamese government serum laboratory at Phrapatoom, Siam, and during the succeeding year was chief inspector of health and medical adviser to his majesty's department of the interior, with headquarters at Bangkok. In 1908 he was made official delegate from Siam to the International Congress on Tuberculosis, and during the scholastic year of 1908-09 he was assistant professor of pathological anatomy in the University of Nebraska, having returned to his native land. Dr. Woolley came to Cincinnati in 1909 as professor of pathology in the medical department of the University of Cincinnati and also as director of the laboratories of Cincinnati Hospital. In 1910 he was made dean of the medical faculty of the university. He holds an enviable rank as an educator of wide knowledge and merit and is a member of the American Medical Association CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 211 and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is also a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and he belongs likewise to the Association of American Pathologists and Bacteriologists ; the American of Bacteriologists; the Manila Medical Society ; the Deutsche Entomologische Gesellschaft; the Societe de Medecine et d'Hygiene Tropicale ; the Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene of London, England; the Cincinnati of Society Medical Research, of which he was president, 1909-10; the International Association of Medical Museums, of which he is a councilor ; and the Hospital Social Service Association of Cincinnati, of which he is now the president. He is also a member of the Johns Hopkins Alumni Association, the City Club, the University Club of Cincinnati and the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity. Dr. Woolley married Helen Bradford, a daughter of David Thompson, of Chicago. Both the Bradford and Thompson families come of old New England stock. Dr. Woolley and his wife now have one daughter, Eleanor Faxon. In is brief record is summed up the life work of Dr. Woolley, but they who would know of the extent and value of his services must read between the lines, recognizing the fact that superior ability has called him to the positions of prominence and responsibility which he has filled. His work in the Orient constituted an impetus for broader medical research and investigation there and in his native land he is numbered with those whose labors are counted a most progressive element in the work of the medical profession. SAMUEL CARY SWARTSEL, A. M., M. D. Broad classical learning constitutes the foundation upon which Dr. Samuel Cary Swartsel builded his professional knowledge and skill, which have gained for him a creditable position among the physicians and surgeons of Cincinnati. He was born in Farmersvile, Ohio, November 1o, 1867, a son of Abram and Sarah (Gilbert) Swartsel. The father was born two months after his father's , death at the same place where occurred the birth of Dr. Swartsel, and Abram Swartsel passed away at about the age of fifty years, when his son was a youth of seventeen, The latter enjoyed the benefit of instruction in the public schools of his native town and subsequently entered the Otterbein University, from which he was graduated with the B. A. degree in 1894. His choice of a profession fell the upon the science of medicine and a thorough course of training covering four years in the Ohio Medical College qualified him for his chosen life work. He was graduated with the class of 1897 and the following year his alma mater conferred upon him the Master of Arts degree. He opened his office at No. 1786 Elmore street where he has now been located for fourteen years. He entered upon a profession wherein wealth and family connections count for little. The individual must prove his ability in the results which attend his labors and this Dr. Swartsel has done. His duties have been performed with a sense of conscientious obligation that has made him most painstaking in the diagnosis of his cases and extremely careful in watching the progress of disease. That his 212 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY practice has grown year by year is an indication of his increasing ability and the confidence reposed in him. Dr. Swartsel is identified with several medical societies including the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the McDowell Medical. Society, of which he was at one time president. He also has various other public and fraternal relations which establish him as a representative and valued citizen. He has been a member of the Ohio River Sanitary Commission since its organization 1897 and has ever been greatly interested in the line of study suggested thereby, advocating at all times a dissemination of knowledge concerning the rules and principles of health which will check the spread of disease. Moreover, he has ample opportunity to exemplify in his practice the benevolent and helpful spirit upon which the Masonic fraternity is based. He holds membership in Hoffner Lodge, A. F. Sz A. M., of which he is now senior warden, and in Cuminsville Chapter, R. A. M. He was also made a member of the Cumminsville Lodge, K. P., and his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the United Brethren church. His public spirit and devotion to the general good are evidenced by the fact that he has been chosen a second time to the presidency of the North Side Business Club in which connection his efforts are proving a practical source of progress and improvement. REUBEN H. CRANE. Reuben H. Crane held a foremost position in Cincinnati's business circles. This was due not to the possession of qualities unusual to the majority of mankind but rather to the harmonious and even balance of his powers; his unfaltering energy was intelligently directed ; his enterprise was guided by sound judgment ; and when intricate problems arose for solution he had broad experience upon which to call, so that his deductions were logical and the course which he selected to follow was a practical one. Throughout the entire period of his life Mr. Crane was a resident of Cincinnati, where his birth occurred on September 3, 1859, and 'his death took place on the 2d of March, 1905. He was a son of James C: and Emma A.. (Holden) Crane, and a grandson of the Hon. Reuben Andrus Holden, one of Cincinnati's pioneer merchants and philanthropists. His grandthother was Aurelia C. (Wells) Holden, a daughter of Oliver Wells, builder of the first type foundry in Cincinnati. Reuben H. Crane had excellent educational opportunities offered him and these he diligently improVed, being graduated from Chickering Institute with the class of 1877. He was the founder and owner of the business which is now incorporated under the title of The Crane Paper Box Company, one of the large producing industries of the city. All through his business career his record was such as any man might be proud to possess, for he never :made engagements that he did not keep nor incurred obligations that he did not meet. In 1887 Mr. Crane was united in marriage to Kate Whitaker, a daughter of Jonathan W. and Nancy (Cox) Whitaker, who were .pioneer residents of Warren county, Ohio. The father was a farmer and landowner and did nuch CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 213 toward the material development and improvement of his part of the state. He became recognized as one of the leading residents of Warren county and the old Whitaker home still stands at Maud Station. His wife was a daughter of Thomas Cox, one of the early pioneers of Warren county, a man of wealth and influence and a prominent layman of the Baptist church, largely identified with the philanthropies of that denomination and one of the most highly honored men of the community. The Cox family came to Ohio from New Jersey. They were the founders and for many years maintained one of the early Baptist churches known as the Muddy Creek Baptist church. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Crane were born two sons and a daughter : Reuben Holden, who attended Williams College; Orville Whitaker, who is attending Yale College; and Emma Katherine. Mr. Crane', name was on the membership rolls of a number of the leading clubs of the city, including the Commercial, Business Men's, Riding and Queen City Clubs. Throughout his life he was a supporter of the republican party, believing that its principles were in every particular adequate to subserve the country's highest interests. His many years of prosperity in Cincinnati bore ample evidence of his business ability and unremitting energy and he deserved the excellent reputation he sustained in its business circles. His generosity was manifested in his contribution to many of the city's charities and charitable organizations. Mr. Crane was deservedly esteemed in both the social and commercial circles of his native city and the passing of few of her younger generation of business men has been more deeply deplored. OLIVER M. DOCK. Oliver M. Dock, attorney-at-law, was born December 14, 1885, his parents being William and Amelie Dock, the former sole owner of the soap manufacturing plant of William Dock & Company for the past twenty-five years. The family comes of French ancestry and the father, crossing the Atlantic to America , in 1870, settled at once in Cincinnati where he has long occupied a position as one of the captains of industry in this city, controlling a business of large and growing importance that is of value in upholding the commercial stability of the city. At the usual age Oliver M. Dock became a pupil in the public schools of Cincinnati and mastered the various branches of learning as he passed from grade to grade, at length graduating from the Woodward high school in June, 1904. He then added to this course a thorough classical training, being for four years a student in the Ohio State University which conferred upon him the LL. B. degree at the time of his graduation in June, 1908. Immediately afterward he associated himself with Judge Cushing, Charles Leslie and Harry C. Bush in the practice of law, remaining a member of that firm until January, 1911, when he withdrew to associate himself with ex-Judge Herman P. Goebel in a practice which he has since followed with the greatest success. His work in the courts has drawn to him the attention of the public and of the profession and his fellow members of the bar regard him as a rising young lawyer who has 214 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY already given strong evidence of the possession of those traits and qualities which insure success at the bar. He is moreover financially interested in soap manufacturing business of William Dock & Company. Mr. Dock is a member of the Ohio State University branch of The Sphinx and is a blue lodge Mason. His political views coincide with the principles of the republican party which he always supports by his ballot, but he has neither time nor inclination for public office. His profession is his first interest for he recognizes the fact that unfaltering industry and close application are as essential to advancement in the law as in any mechanical pursuit. LARZ ANDERSON. Larz Anderson died on the 26th of June, 1902. He was one of the best known residents of Cincinnati and his business and social connections were such that his memory will long be cherished by her citizens. He was born in Cincinnati June 9, 1845. The Anderson family has long been one of distinction in America. Colonel Richard Clough Anderson, the grandfather of our subject was aide-de-camp to General Lafayette and acted as commander of a regiment of Virginia soldiers during the Revolutionary war. At the close of that sanguinary conflict he came to Cincinnati as surveyor-general of the military lands in Ohio and Kentucky. Another distinguished representative of the family was General Robert Anderson of Fort Sumter fame. Larz Anderson was one of the nine sons of Larz and Catherine (Longworth) Anderson, the latter being a daughter of Nicholas Longworth. The living children of the family are as follows : Edward L., Dr. Joseph L. and Davis. Larz Anderson studied law at Harvard University, graduating from the law department after carefully preparing himself for a business career. His business and social connections identified him with many important financial enterprises. He was vice president of the Union Savings Bank & Trust Company, executor and trustee of the large Anderson estate and trustee of the Nicholas Longworth estate. He was likewise a director and one of the organizers of the Citizens Mortgage Loan Company, in which he took a great interest until a short time prior to his death, and was a director of the Citizens National Bank. The Fresh Air Society also numbered him among its directors and founders and the fresh air home, formerly at Mount Airy, is one of the Anderson properties. For a long period he served as a vestryman and junior warden of Christ church and for twenty-five years was superintendent of the Sunday school. He was one of the foremost churchmen of this state and at the time of his death was the trustee of diocese of southern Ohio. He was one of the incorporators of the Episcopal Hospital for Children at Mount Auburn. Mr. Anderson was a sinking fund trustee and director of the Spring Grove cemetery, where his remains were interred, and at one time acted as president of the Commercial Club. He was a member of the Queen City Club, the Country Club, the Grandin Road Club, the Riding Club and other social organizations. At all times his public spirit and liberality were notable. The beautiful sixteenth-century Venetian well head of Istrian marble, which adorns Eden Park, was but one of many CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 217 gifts to his beloved city. His purse was ever open to the call of charity and his donations reached immense amounts. As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Mr. Anderson chose Emma, the daughter of the late Dr. George Mendenhall. By that union there were three sons, as follows: George M., a member of the firm of Elzner & Anderson, architects; R. Clough Anderson, secretary and treasurer of the Standard Plastic Relief Company ; and Robert, who is vice president of the Ferro Concrete & Construction Company. The beautiful Anderson home, "Hill and Hollow," on Grandin road is filled with articles gathered from many lands, and our subject spent many happy hours with his treasures. Among these are some rare paintings of which no duplicates exist. An entire room is devoted to a priceless collection of portraits of Indian chiefs, with autographs, from the brush of H. F. Farny. Mr. Anderson's achievements were those of an upright, public-spirited and generous citizen and his demise was a distinct and irreparable loss to Cincinnati. His life gave added luster to an already honored family name. His judgment was always respected and his integrity was above question. He was ever zealous in the discharge of his duties and loved his home and family above all else. The large concourse of friends and fellow citizens who gathered at his funeral testified to the fact that he had enjoyed the respect, love and confidence of all who knew him. No man was ever more respected and no man ever more fully enjoyed the confidence held. In his lifetime the people of this state, recognizing his merit, rejoiced in his advancement and in the honors to which he attained, and since his death they have cherished his memory, which remains as a blessed benediction to all who know him. Honorable in business, loyal in citizenship, charitable in thought, kindly in action, true to every trust confided to his care, his life was the highest type of Christian manhood. GENERAL JOSHUA HALL BATES. While one has every reason to be proud of a distinguished and honorable ancestry it is personal merit that causes the individual to be remembered and his name to be honored after he has passed from the stage of life. General Joshua Hall Bates as a soldier, lawyer and citizen, commanded the respect and honor of his fellowmen. He was a nonagenarian at the time of his death and in a review of his record it will be seen that the long years of his life were bright with good deeds, honorable purposes and high ideals. His birth occurred in Boston, Massachusetts, March 5, 1817, his parents being Dr. George and Elizabeth (Hall) Bates, both of whom were natives of the Bay state. The family is of English lineage and the ancestry can be traced back to 1636. He represents a family that were among the first English to make permanent location in the new world and when the colonists attempted to throw off the yoke of British oppression his paternal grandfather espoused the cause of liberty and served with the rank of major in the Revolutionary war. In the maternal line General Bates was descended from ancestry who became distinguished in public life. His father was a skilled and able physician who resided near Boston. He was also 218 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY a warm personal friend and political supporter of Andrew Jackson and it was because of this friendship that the General appointed Joshua Hall Bates to the position of a cadet of the United States Military Academy at West Point, after he had graduated from the Public Latin school of Boston in 1832. He was in his sixteenth year when he went to West Point and was there graduated in 1837, having absorbed much valuable information along with his educational and military training. Following his. graduation there, he was appointed to the Fourth United States Artillery with the rank of second lieutenant and soon afterward was ordered south for duty. The government was at that time engaged in removing the Indians to a point west of the Mississippi but had met with determined resistance from some of the red men, but particularly from the Seminole Indians who controlled that portion of the United States know as the territory of Florida. The first effort made by the government was a bold but inefficient move to carry out the plan of forcing the Indians westward. This brought about an outbreak on the part of the red men which was successful at first and caused serious trouble later, .the difficulty finding its place on the pages of history under the name of the Seminole war. Florida was then largely wild and unsettled, with undrained swamp lands and a tropical climate, which made the usual methods of warfare impossible. Illness decimated the troops and the little army operating in Florida was reduced to the lowest minimum. Men were herded together in poor stockades which were outlying military post among the savages. At length the government decided to take a decisive stand and sent General Eustis and Colonel Zachary Taylor to the front, placing General Jessup, quartermaster of the army, in command. .The troops were divided into two divisions, one of which proceeded southward under Colonel Taylor from Tampa Bay, while the other under General Eustis operated southward from Black Creek, the two columns sweeping the entire Indian nation southward toward the point of the peninsula. After the men had swept along there was little left in the nature of civilization. Lieutenant Bates was with the command under General Eustis and the result of the war was that the unity and organization of the Indians was practically destroyed. Lieutenant Bates was with General Eustis in this campaign which followed by a long era of comparative peace, there being then little trouble upon the frontier. He was next sent with his regiment to the northern border to quell the patriot disturbance with Canada, remaining there for two years, during which time he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant for brave and meritorious conduct and was given command of Fort Niagara. The country needed no large standing army and besides personal interests proved influencing features in inducing General Bates to return to private life. While in the army he had devoted his leisure time for two years to reading law and when after five years’ service he applied to General Scott for a leave of absence, it being the first he had ever asked, it was granted for six months and he devoted the whole of his furlough to further preparation for that profession as a student in the law school of Cambridge, Massachusetts. At the end of that time, realizing that there was no immediate need for military service, he sent in his resignation to the government and was granted an additional three months' leave with permission to come to Cincinnati. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 219 In 1842, therefore, General Bates established his home in this city, where he was admitted to the bar after studying for a period with the Hon. Bellamy Storer, Sr. Following his admission to the bar in 1842 Mr. Bates entered upon the practice of law in connection with Hon. William Key Bond, one of the early of attorneys of Cincinnati, and at one time a member of congress. Their professional relations continued for two years, but later General Bates became a partner of W. S. Scarborough, with whom he continued until the outbreak of the Civil war caused him once more to enter the military service of his country. They enjoyed an extensive and lucrative practice which covered nearly twenty when Fort Sumter was fired upon, President Lincoln appointed Mr. Bates had then been for some years the senior brigadier general, of the militia, Ohio Militia, to the command of Camp Harrison near this city. Soon afterward he was transferred to the command of Camp Dennison where his military experience and practical ideas were of great service. He organized and sent from this camp sixteen regiments of infantry—more than twice the whole number of soldiers in the United States at the close of the Seminole war. Throughout the period of hostilities he was largely engaged in organizing forces and was a valuable worker in the sanitary commission, while in many other ways he contributed to the support and success of the Union. During the memorble raid of Morgan in Ohio he was placed in command of the city of Cincinnati by the citizens' committee of safety and when Kirby Smith made his way toward the Mason and Dixon line, General Bates commanded the division of the left wing and remained in that position, at the point of defense a short distance southeast of Covington, until the rebel forces were withdrawn. His duty was often of a most important character, especially in promoting that drill and discipline which transformed the raw recruit into a soldier. He spent much time in active support of the Union cause and was frequently called to Washington for consultation with the highest civil and military authorities of the government. He thus became personally acquainted with President Lincoln for whom he ever entertained the warmest regard and of whom he related many interesting incidents obtained from personal contact. After retiring from the army General Bates in 1864 was elected to fill out an unexpired term in the Ohio senate and after peace was declared he returned to the practice of law in Cincinnati, where he formed a partnership with his eldest son, Clement Bates. In 1875 he was once more chosen a member of the state senate and ably represented his constituency. His record as a law make was in harmony with his work as a member of the bar, being distinguished by a masterful grasp of every problem presented for solution. Again he entered upon the practice of law at the close of his senatorial service and in 1883 he formed a partnership with the Hon. Rufus W. Smith, afterward judge of the superior court of Cincinnati. Subsequently he became a partner of H. P. Kauffman under the style of Bates & Kauffman, and this relation was maintained until General Bates retired from active connection with the bar. His practice was large and varied, associating him with many important cases, and his knowledge of legal principles was profound, while his presentation of a cause was logical and convincing. General Bates had always given his political allegiance to the democratic party until the war issues largely divided public opinion, when he joined the ranks of 220 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the new republican party of which he afterward continued a stalwart supporter. In 1872 he was chosen a member of the electoral college which made General Grant president for a second term. In addition to his law practice Bates served as a director in some of the local banking institutions and was also a director of the gas company. He was likewise a trustee of the Reuben Springer Fund and a director of the Music Hall Association. He organized the western or Cincinnati branch of the Standard Oil Company and at the completion of his work withdrew his connection from the corporation. On the 8th of May, 1844, General Bates was united in marriage Miss Elizabeth Dwight Hoadly, a daughter of George and Mary A. Hoadly, residents of Cleveland, Ohio, and a sister of ex-Governor George Hoadly. It was his love for this lady that largely influenced Lieutenant Bates to resign his position in the army for her father opposed her marriage to a young officer who would doubtless be sent to the western frontier where army service involved many hardships. General and Mrs. Bates became parents of five sons. Judge Clement Bates, at one time judge of the common pleas court and now a practicing lawyer of Cincinnati, is the author of several important law volumes on insurance, partnership, etc. Charles J. is a civil engineer of New York city. William S. is a patent lawyer residing in California. Marrick L., after spending several years in Europe, pursuing literary studies, finally attended college in Germany, was graduated from the Ohio Medical College in I903 and is now practicing his profession in Cincinnati. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine and the Ohio State Medical Association. James Hervey S., the youngest is an electrician of New York city. The death of General Bates occurred July 26, 1908, and his wife passed away on February 4, 1911. They had celebrated their sixty-fourth wed anniversary when he was more than ninety and his wife almost eighty-five years of age. Their children having grown and left home, for a quarter of a century they resided at the Burnet House. General Bates held membership with several fraternal organizations, having been for many years a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Military Order of the Loyal Legion and the Grand Army of the Republic. At his death he was one of the oldest members of the Beta Theta Pi, a Greek letter fraternity, and he was also a chart member of the Queen City Club. Both he and his wife long held membership in St. Paul's Episcopal church and his life measured up to the highest standards of honorable manhood and lofty principle. One writing of him when he was in the prime of life said: "His social life is of the most pleasant character. Although over sixty-five years of age, General Bates is still a very active man and devotes a great deal of his time to business. The title of 'General' comes from his being made a brigadier general for his efficient services during the last war. Of a sunny disposition, fearless, truthful and strictly honest in all his dealings, he has made for himself a name that is a familiar one in the Queen City. His influence is widely felt and he is respected by all who know him, which is high compliment to any man." A quarter of a century later one of the leading Cincinnati papers, in giving an account of the life of General Bates, said: “We regard him as one of our most successful lawyers and citizens. His present position has neither been gained by what may be termed flashes of genius nor the caprice of fortune, but by a thorough knowledge of business, sound judgement, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 221 persevering energy, unwavering integrity and close, unwearied attention to business-the same traits that secured to him the respect and confidence of his superior officers while in the army." Not seeking honor, he simply endeavored to do his duty, yet honors were multiplied to him and prosperity followed all his undertakings. RUDOLPH E. GRIESS. Rudolph E. Griess, vice president and general manager of the Western Surgical Supply Company, manufacturers of and dealers in surgical instruments, hospital furniture, braces, trusses and sick-room requisites, is the motive force behind a business which is constantly growing in volume and importance and is now one of the substantial commercial enterprises of the city. He was born in Cincinnati, September 14, 1878, a son of Justin and Wilhelmina Griess. His father, though eighty years of age, is still hale and active and one of Cincinnati leading business men, being senior member of the Griess-Pfleger Company. More extended mention of him is made elsewhere in this volume. At the usual age Rudolph E. Griess was sent to the public schools and supplemented his earlier educational privileges by study in the Cincinnati School Technical which he left to become connected with the firm of which he is now vice president and general manager. He has been with this house for over ten years in the capacity of manager and his carefully directed plans and unfaltering enterprise constitute the basic elements in the success of the business. The firm occupies the entire five-story brick building at No. 40 West Sixth street. No house has a better standing in this field than the Western Surgical Supply Company. Of the officers of the company Ernest Rehm, the president, has recently passed away and nobody has as yet been elected to fill the vacancy ; Rudolph E. Griess is vice president and general manager, and Ernest Griess, secretary and treasurer. In 1902 Mr. Griess was united in marriage to Miss Rena Henrietta McCaughey, who was born in Cincinnati, but was reared in Ripley, Ohio. They have one son, James. While business interests largely occupy the attention of Mr. Griess he is not remiss in the duties of citizenship nor unappreciative of social obligations and privileges. He has not focused his interests entirely upon business to the exclusion of all other things, but finds pleasure in congenial comradeship and recognizes the fact that "the way to win a friend is to be one." EDMUND EMERSON WOOD. Edmund Emerson Wood, the oldest patent lawyer in years of continuous active practice in the United States, has been a representative of the legal profession in Cincinnati since i868 and of the Ohio bar since 1862. He was born at Alstead, New Hampshire, August 16, 1837, a son of Amasa and Polly M. Wood. He comes of pure English descent on the paternal side and in the ma- 222 - CINCINNAT1—THE QUEEN CITY. ternal line from English, Scotch and Scotch-Irish ancestry. The earliest records concerning the Wood family make mention of John Wood, who was born in Framingham, Massachusetts, in 1674. His father had come from England to the new world and was the founder of the family on American soil. John Wood married Elizabeth Buckminster in 1705 and in 1719 there was born to them a son, to whom they gave the name of Thomas.Wood. The latter and his two sons, John and Benjamin Wood, became minute men in Massachusetts and responded to the first alarm call raiding in the suppression of the British raid on Lexington, in April, 1775. Both sons were regularly enlisted soldiers in the Revolutionary war, one serving for six months and the other for eight. months. They so closely resembled each other that few could tell them apart and they were called by their family as well as by their neighbors "John-Ben." Benjamin Wood married first and had a family and he also enlisted in the army first, after which his brother John would go and take his place in the ranks while he went home to visit his family. He would then return and John would go home. They were never detected in the exchange, even by the captain of their company. The Wood family is noted for longevity. The average age of sixteen of the ancestors of Edmund E. Wood is a trifle over eighty-two years. Only one of the number died under seventy and two under eighty years of age, and insurance companies say that this is the best record for longevity On their books. Edmund E. Wood was a pupil in the common schools of Alstead, New Hampshire, and in the Cold River Union Academy of that town, wherein he pursued a special course and,. therefore, won no degree. In early manhood he took up the profession of school teaching, but regarded this merely as an initial step to other professional labor. He came to Ohio in 1860 and engaged in teaching school in Washington Courthouse. Political interests never engaged his leisure hours, for during his work as an educator he devoted his time outside of the schoolroom to further study. After pursuing a thorough course in law he was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Ohio on the 27th of March, 1862. He entered upon active practice in 1865 and came to Cincinnati in 1868. Here he has devoted his attention to patent and trade-mark law, in which field he has gained national reputation. He has argued many important patent suits since that date and for many years has been legal adviser for a large number of corporations engaged in various manufactures, .such as agricultural implements, shoe machinery, woodworking machinery and machine tools, together with a large variety of manufactures, such as carried on in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. The only interruption that has come to Mr. Wood's professional career was brought about by the Civil war. In 1864 he volunteered in the One Hundred and Sixty-eighth Regiment of Ohio Infantry and was commissioned first lieutenant and adjutant of his company. The regiment was stationed at Cincinnati for two months during the summer of 1864, at 'which time Morgan was making his raid through southern Ohio. The regiment's term of enlistment expired om September and Mr. Wood was then mustered out. It was in the year 1868 that he located for practice in Cincinnati, where he became senior partner of the firm of WoOd & Boyd, while the style of Wood, Boyd & Wood. was assumed following the admission of William R. Wood to the bar. After the death of Mr. Boyd in 1901 the present firm of Wood & Wood was oiganized and Edmund E. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 223 Wood remains as the oldest practitioner in the United States in the field of patent law, having devoted forty-six years to this branch of practice. On the 9th of March, 1870, in Washington Courthouse, Ohio, Mr. Wood was united in marriage to Miss Anna E. Millikan, a daughter of William Millikan, who was born in 1806 and at the age of twenty-two years took up editorial work, continuing in that field and as active manager of several papers until 1902, when at the remarkable old age of eighty-six years he retired. He probably served as editor longer than any other man known in American history. His death occurred in the fall of 1904. The Millikans were a North Carolina family, of Scotch-Irish lineage. Her grandfather was a civil engineer, who surveyed much of the Northwestern territory when it was being opened up. Unto Mr. Mrs. Wood was born an only son, William R., who is now his father's part- in practice. Matters for civic betterment and all projects for the good of community in which he lives have received the earnest indorsement and ofttimes the active cooperation of Edmund E. Wood. In 1874 he was. made a member of the school board of Newport, Kentucky, and was reelected twice, continuing in that position until 1881, when he resigned. He is a Lincoln republican of the old school, holding to the high ideals of government principles and practice which were advocated by the martyred president. In 1865 he became a member of. the Masonic fraternity, subsequently took the Royal Arch degrees and in 1876 joined the Knight Templar Commandery. In 1873 he was initiated into the Odd Fellows society and passed through the chairs in the ensuing three years. Ile likewise belongs to the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion and since 1881 has been a valued member of the Cuvier Club. His religious faith is that of the Unitarian church, of which Dr. Thayer is the pastor. With mental powers undimmed at the age of seventy-four years, he is still an active and forceful factor in the world's work, particularly in the practice of patent law, and his record reminds one of the fact of which evidences are occasionally seen, that there is an old age which grows stronger and brighter mentally and physically as the years advance and gives out of its rich stores of wisdom and experience for the benefit of others. Such is the record of Edmund Emerson Wood, who is honored by his associates and his contemporaries and no less by the general public, because of the fact that his course in everyday walks of life has been as admirable as are his professional attainments. HORACE A. REEVE. Horace A. Reeve, the senior member of Reeve, Burch, Peters & Oppenheimer, one of the well known legal firms of the city, was born in Hancock, New York, on March 29, 1854. He is a son of William and Agnes Maria (Knapp) Reeve, the family having originally come froth Connecticut. William Reeve, who was a native of New Jersey, in his early manhood 'migrated to New York state, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits until his death. The boyhood and youth of Horace A. Reeve were spent in his native state, in whose common schools he acquired his preliminary education, following which he attended the New York Academy. He was admitted to the bar at 224 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Findlay, Ohio, on the 3d of April, 1875, and subsequently engaged in the practice of the law in northwestern Ohio, maintaining an office at Lima. He met with success in his profession and located in Cincinnati in 1907. He was identified with the firm of Cogan & Williams, later severing his connection with that firm and becoming associated with Messrs. Burch and Peters. On the 1st of July, 1910, the present firm was organized and Mr. Benton S. Oppenheimer taken in as a partner. The firm has a large general practice. Mr. Reeve married Miss Frances King, a daughter of John King, of Van Wert county, Ohio, and they have become the parents of four children: Adelbert King, Horace Kent, William Addison and Rowena, who is at home. The three sons are also residents of Cincinnati. Although he has been identified with the legal fraternity of Cincinnati but a comparatively short time Mr. Reeve has become quite widely and favorably known, not only among the members of his profession but the general public. J. WALTER FREIBERG. Fifty-three years a resident of Cincinnati, covering the entire period of his life, and prominent for many years as a business man, J. Walter Frei no introduction to the readers of this volume. He was born December 20, 1858, a son of Julius and Duffie (Workum) Freiberg. An extended sketch of Julius Freiberg appears elsewhere in this work. J. Walter Freiberg acquired his education in the schools of Cincinnati and was graduated from the Hughes high school. He began his active business life with the firm of Freiberg & Workum in 1875, his duties being originally those of clerk. Eight years later he was admitted to partnership and is now at the head of one of the extensive manufacturing enterprises in his line in the country. Moreover, he is a director of the First National Bank and for three years was president of the Ohio "Wine & Spirit Association, and for two years president of the National Wholesale Liquor Dealers Association, while he served for the same space of time as a director of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce. He is a typical business man of the present day, alert and forceful, hesitating not before obstacles or difficulties but using such impediments to progress rather as a stimulus for renewed and more concentrated effort. In addition to his extensive manufacturing interests he is a director of the Columbia Gas & Electric Company. On the 12th of November, 1884, Mr. Freiberg was married to Miss Stella Heinsheimer, a daughter of Louis and Emma G. Heinsheimer. They now have one child, Julius W. Freiberg. They are very piominent in the social circles of the city and Mr. Freiberg is especially well known and popular in fraternal and club circles. He is now a past master of La Fayette Lodge, A. F. & A. M., has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and is also connected with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. For several years he was president of the Phoenix Club and in New York city, in January, 1911, he was elected president of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations. It is true that he entered upon a business already established, but many a man of less resolute spirit CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 227 and more limited ability would have failed in attempting to enlarge it and to meet the demands of the hour and the exigencies of trade. Not so with Mr. Freiberg. He accomplishes what he undertakes and no difficulty nor obstacle is to brook his path. He is not, however, the stern man of business but man of well balanced character, who gives to each important feature of life its due consideration. RICHARD HARMS. Richard Harms is president of the Pounsford Stationery Company and has been probably connected with this line of business for a longer period than any other representative of the stationery trade in the city. His progress has been indicated by his successive promotions since first entering the business as errand boy, and as the head of the house he is now bending his energies to administrative direction and executive control, his keen insight into every situation enabling him to so direct the affairs and interests of the business as to produce the best possible results. Cincinnati numbers Mr. Harms among her native sons, his birth having here occured in 1841 and through the ensuing period he has continuously remained a resident of this city. In the acquirement of his education he attended the public schools until it was deemed that his knowledge was sufficient to enable him to enter upon his commercial career in 1857. He secured a position with to Applegate & Company, publishers, booksellers and stationers, at No. 43 Main street. His first service was that of errand boy. Laudable ambition prompted put forth earnest effort in the discharge of his duties and his fidelity and ability won recognition from time to time in promotion. He severed his connection with the house, however, during the period of the Civil war in order to espouse the Union cause. He was yet in his minority when he offered his the government, enlisting as a member of Company H, Fifty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he went to the front, remaining for three years on active duty with the army, during which period he participated in a number of important engagements and went with Sherman on his celebrated march to the sea. Following the close of hostilities Mr. Harms resumed his position in connection with the business with which he had formerly been associated. Changes in the personnel of the firm led to the adoption of the style of Applegate, Pounsford & Company and later to A. H. Pounsford & Company, and upon their removed to their present quarters a stock company was formed under the name of the Pounsford Stationery Company, with A. H. Pounsford as the president. In the meantime successive promotions had come to Richard Harms who applied himself diligently to the tasks assigned him, acquiring a comprehensive understanding of every phase of the business. He was promoted in accordance with the ability he displayed and early winning the confidence of the house was rapidly advanced in positions of trust and responsibility, leaving the position of bookkeeper to become clerk, afterward going upon the road as a traveling salesman, while subsequently he was made buyer for the house. He still has charge Vol. IV-12 228 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY of the wholesale department as its manager and following the death of Mr. Pounsford in 1893 he was elected to the presidency of the company and still remains as its chief executive officer. The growth and development of the business under his direction is most substantial proof of his fitness for the position and gives to the stockholders most gratifying assurance of the fulfillment of their expectations. In matters relating to the stationery trade his opinions are regarded as authority throughout Cincinnati and the course of his house has largely set the standard of action in this field of business. Mr. Harms has been married twice. He strengthens the ties of friendship among his comrades in the Civil war through his connection with Cincinnati Post of the Grand Army of the Republic. The same admirable qualities which distinguished him as a soldier on the battlefields of the south have characterized him in all of his relations of citizenship and have been manifest as will in his business connections, for upon loyalty, fearlessness and perseverance of purpose has been builded his success. ROBERT MEYERS SHOEMAKER. With railroad construction and operation Robert Meyers Shoemaker was closely identified for many years and thus gave valuable contribution to the work of developing and upbuilding his adopted state. He possessed excellent executive force and administrative power and was thus qualified for the onerous and responsible duties which devolved upon him in railway management. He was born at German Flats, Herkimer county, New York, October 21, 1815, a son of Robert and Catherine Shoemaker. He supplemented a public-school course by study in the Cazenovia Academy and on starting out in the business world for himself secured the position of chainman with a surveying party engaged in making surveys on the old Erie canal. In 1835 he obtained the position of rodman in laying out the Utica & Schenectady Railroad and from that time forward was continuously connected with railway interests in one phase or another. In 1836 he engaged in making the surveys and preliminary estimates for a railroad across the peninsula of upper Canada from Toronto to the eastern end of Lake Huron and successfully accomplished this task. He next entered upon the survey of the Ohio Railroad, afterward the Lake Shore Railroad, and in October, 1837, he became chief engineer of the Mad River & Lake Erie Railroad. He superintended the landing of the first locomotive, the Sandusky, and placed it upon the old Mad River road, and it was not only the first in Ohio, but the first built by the celebrated Rogers Locomotive Works. In that era of history which marked the rapid progress of the state owing to railroad building he figured most prominently. In 1838, while still retaining his position with the Mad River, he commenced the location of the Little Miami Railroad and in 1849 was appointed chief engineer of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad. Subsequently he was made chief engineer of the Covington & Lexington Railroad and in 1854 he left that position to undertake, as contractor, the construction of the Dayton & Michigan Railroad. Between September, 1865, and October, 1868, he was general manager of the contracting firm of R. M. Shoemaker & Com- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 229 pany, and of Shoemaker, Miller & Company and built four or five hundred miles of the Kansas Pacific Railway, which was the first line in that state. The year 1870 was devoted to the construction of the Cincinnati & ,Springfield Railroad and in 1876 he was tendered and accepted the office of president of the Cincinnati consolidated Street Railway Company, thus turning, his attention to the management of urban lines. In March, 1877, he was called to the presidency of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad Company, which included the control connecting lines, covering three hundred and fifty miles. The following year he was reelected to that position. One cannot measure the extent of the influence of his work and yet public opinion is united in regarding railroad building as the most important single agency in the development and improvement of a district. In Tiffin, Ohio, in December, 1839, Mr. Shoemaker was united in marriage to Miss Mary Colegate, a daughter of Captain Henry and Rachel (Steiner) Colegate, former1y of Frederick, Maryland. Mrs. Shoemaker died very suddenly on the 7th of April, 1878, and was survived by five children: Robert Henry, Murray Colegate, Mrs. Mary Steiner Putnam, Michael Meyers and Mrs. Henrietta Christopher. Such in brief is the life history of one whose work has had and important bearing upon the annals of Ohio. While his activities were of broad scope, they were never self-centered and what he accomplished benefited his fellowmen as well as himself. He recognized how great an agency is the railroad in opening up territory and bringing it into closer connection with other carefully executed centers of trade and his plans were always well formulated and executed. His business interests brought him into contact with many of the most prominent residents of the state, who regarded him as a worthy colleague and honored him for the straightforward methods which were the motive forces in his work and which constitute an example well worthy of emulation. WILLIAM FRANK HALSTRICK. asperity of any community, town or city, depends upon its commercial activity, its industrial interests and its trade relations, and, therefore among the builders of a town are those who stand at the head of the business enterprises, the growth and progress of a city is continuous and the business men of the present day may take as active a part in its upbuilding as did the business men of a generation ago. Mr. Halstrick is well known in, industrial circles as proprietor of the Cincinnati Cabinet Works at Nos. 2264-66 Bogen street. The firm was established in 1904 and success has attended the undertaking through, out the ensuing years to the present time. Mr. Halstrick became a resident of Cincinnati in 1871, being then a young man of twenty-two years. He was born in Germany in 1849, was there reared and after acquiring his education in the public schools learned cabinet making and artistic designing and thus came to the new world well qualified for the attainment of success in his chosen field of labor. At length he determined to try his fortune in a land where effort is hampered by caste or class. He heard, too, that wages were much higher on 230 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY this side of the Atlantic, and with the hope of more rapidly attaining prosperity he bade adieu to friends and fatherland in 1871 and sailed for the new world with the exception of a period of six years, from 1886 until 1892, which was passed in Rochester, New York, he has been a continuous resident of Cincinnati since 1871. He first worked here as a cabinet maker and after a short time entered the employ of Allerd & Closter, in art and church furniture work. For a number of years he was connected with that house, after which he served as superintendent of a number of large furniture manufacturing houses. Laudable ambition, however, kept constantly before him the desire to engage in business on his own account, and at length unfaltering industry and careful expenditure made this step possible. In 1904 he established the Cincinnati Cabinet Works, in which he now employs from twenty to twenty-five men in the manufacture of all kinds of special furniture, all of which is designed by Mr. Halstrick with the assistance of his eldest son, William, who is located in Chicago, Illinois and is an artist of rare ability in his particular field, being recognized as the leading designer of high-class furniture in the United States. The Cincinnati Cabinet Works finds its patrons among people of wealth and rare and discriminating taste in Cincinnati and other sections of the country. Beautiful and artistic designs are embodied in the furniture manufactured here and durability and comfort constitute features of the output, as well. Their furniture is always an adornment to every home in which it is placed and the company is rapidly building up a gratifying business among an attractive class of patrons. In 1874 Mr. Halstrick was married to Miss Fannie Young, who was also born in Germany and came to Cincinnati in her girlhood days. They have become the parents of six children, as follows : Hulda ; William; Alma, who is bookkeeper for the Cincinnati Cabinet `Works; Flora, a teacher piano and of voice at her home, 2256 Bellevue avenue ; Lola, also a bookkeeper in the employ of her father ; and Fannie, engaged as bookkeeper and stenographer. The family are all communicants of the Roman Catholic church, loyally adhering to its teachings. Mr. Halstrick has never had occasion to regret his determination to come to the new world, for here he found the opportunities which he sought and which, by the way, are always open to ambitious young men. He brought with him no false ideas that success was to be had for the asking, but rather the determined spirit that he would win success, and gradually he has worked his way upward until he is now in possession of a comfortable competence that indicates what may be accomplished when determination, industry and business integrity lead the way. SCHUYLER COLFAX MATTHEWS. Schuyler Colfax Matthews, division freight agent of the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad, was born in Cincinnati, September 7, 1868, a son of William T. and Clara Matthews. At the usual age he began his education, continuing his studies until May, 1883, when he put aside his text-books to learn the more difficult lessons in the school of experience. He has since been connected with railway interests. He was first clerk in the railway office at CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 231 Columbia, now called Carrel street, with the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad. On the 28th of December, 1885, he entered the office of the division freight agent and in that connection filled various positions until July, 1, 1896, when he was appointed chief clerk. His long experience in the office in various capacities thoroughly acquainted him with the duties of the different positions and qualified him for the larger responsibilities that devolved as promotion came to upon him. On the 1st of February, 1905, he was appointed division freight agent, which is his present connection. In June, 1890, Mr. Matthews was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude B. Jewett, a daughter of Frank H. Jewett. She died of typhoid fever, February 14, 1893, leaving a daughter, Grace N., who survives. On the 15th of May, 1900, Mr. Matthews was again married, his second union being with Myrtle L. Crane, a daughter of George G. Crane, and they have one child, Lucille M. Matthews. Mr. Matthew's is a member of the Queen City Club, the Business Men's Club, the Hyde Park Country Club, the Transportation Club and the Chamber of Commerce, all of Cincinnati, and also the Traffic Club of Chicago. His business interests and his private study have made him thoroughly familiar with the question of freight transportation and his ability is most widely recognized. With the great railway corporations inefficiency and incapability are never tolit is only promptness and fidelity in the discharge of duty that win promotion. That Mr. Matthews has been steadily advanced in the railway service is indicative of the creditable record which he has made for himself. FERDINAND AND JOSEPH BOSKEN. Ferdinand and Joseph Bosken are proprietors of the Ohio Veneer Company and are members of a family long identified with the lumber interests of this city. Their father, John Bosken, was a native of Germany and when nineteen years of age came to America, settling in Cincinnati where the remainder of his life was passed. He made for himself an enviable and prominent position in business circles as the years passed by. After working for a short time in the business in the lumber business in the employ of others, he established business on his own account and for years conducted what was known as the Price Hill Lumber Yard, building up a business of extensive and gratifying proportions, while his honorable and straightforward methods commended him to the confidence and good-will of all. He was united in marriage to Miss Mary Welbrook, a resident of Cincinnati, and unto them were born nine children, of whom seven reached adult age: Henry, who is now owner of the Price Hill Lumber Yard ; Fred; John, who is engaged in the lumber business on his own account ; Mary ; Ferdinand; Joseph; and Katherine. Of this family Ferdinand Bosken was born in Cincinnati in 1863 and acquired his education in the public schools. He learned the veneer business with E. D. Albro of this city with whom he continued for twenty years, working his way upward, step by step, in that employ, until he had reached a position of prominence and responsibility. At length when two decades had passed he started in business on his own account and is now associated with his brother Joseph 232 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Bosken, who was born June 19, 1871, and has always been connected with the lumber business, being first in partnership with his father until he entered upon his present partnership relations. The Ohio Veneer Company began business on a small scale with twenty-five or thirty employes and that their output has greatly increased is indicated by the fact that they now employ seventy-five working men and make shipments of veneers and fine finishes throughout this and other countries. They import logs from England, Russia, Africa, South America and Mexico, sending their own representatives to these countries to buy the logs which are shipped to their Cincinnati factory. Their equipment includes the most up-to-date machinery and their plant has a capacity of two hundred thousand feet per day. They also conduct a general lumber business and their undertaking has enjoyed substantial growth from the outset, until the Ohio Veneer Company is now classed with the leading industrial and manufacturing enterprises of the city. Frederick Bosken was united in marriage to Miss Anna Grote, of Cincinnati and they now have two children, William and Leona, the former acting as bookkeeper for the firm. The brothers are both enterprising and progressive business men who, recognizing the possibilities of the trade, have continuously reached out along those lines that meet the needs of others in this department and their efforts therefore bring to them substantial and well merited prosperity. THOMAS H. C. ALLEN. Eleven years have passed since Thomas H. C. Allen was called from this life. He is yet remembered, however, by his friends, who were many, as a gentleman of liberal mental culture and of that old-time courtesy which might well constitute an example for the rising generation. New England numbered him among her native sons, his birth having occurred in New London, Connecticut, September 21, 1822. He is descended from a long line of ancestry native to that section of the country, and in his youth his parents appreciation of the value of education was shown in the liberal opportunities which were afforded him for attending school. When his text-books were put aside that he might learn the practical lessons in the school of experience, he became a clerk in store of his uncle at what was then Salina but is now Syracuse, New York, and thus he started upon his westward way, which eventually brought him to Cincinnati. He came to this city in 1848 as manager of a branch house for a large and prosperous eastern medicine company and eventually increased his holdings in the business until he was sole owner. He afterward turned his attention to the manufacture of medicines and from the sale of his products amassed a large fortune. He possessed superior business qualifications, having a talent successful management, while clear insight enabled him to easily recognize very opportunity. He improved his advantages in the best possible way and became one of the representative business men of the city yet did not allow the accumulation of wealth to in any way affect his relations toward those less fortunate. In fact his life was one of broad and general usefulness. He was never neglectful of the duties of citizenship, and intellectual requirements brought him the CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 233 broad culture which uplifts the individual and places him in close connection with the master minds of all ages. Mr. Allen was married twice. In 1852 he wedded Jane Woodruff, a daughter of Truman and Mary Woodruff, pioneer residents of the city. They became parents of three children: William M., a resident of Cincinnati ; Thomas W., president of the John H. Hibben Dry Goods Company ; and John H., of the firm of Allen & Munson, flour and grain merchants. On the 5th of August, 1870. Mr. Allen was united in marriage to Laura Rowe, a daughter of Stanhope S. and Frances Mary, (Thomas) Rowe, a prominent banker of Cincinnati, who was born in 1812 and died in 1881. The Rowes have long been one of the leading families of this city, extended mention of whom is made elsewhere in this volume. Unto the second marriage there were born two children, Charlotte and Frederick. Mr. Allen had various membership relations with projects and movements of large value to the city. He was a member of the Chamber of Commerce and was very active in the Cincinnati Savings Association and served for many years as its resident. The extent of his private charities will perhaps never be known. He also cooperated in many organized benevolences, liberally assisting the work of the Protestant Episcopal Free Hospital for Children and in advancing the usefullness of the Church of Our Savior. His efforts were largely instrumental in causing the erection of the beautiful house of worship and he served for Many years prior to his death as one of the vestrymen of the church. He gave most liberally to the financial support and also gave freely of his time and labor for the upbuilding of the cause. He died on the 15th of July, 1900, and the news of his demise brought a sense of personal bereavement to many. He was not only a prosperous business man but a cultured gentleman to whom kindliness and courtesy were the expression of true manliness. Politeness was as much a habit to him as the performance of his business duties and he never in the slightest measure disregarded his obligations to his fellowmen, which were prompted by a deep and most sincere interest in the welfare of those with whom he traveled life's journey. BERNARD A. HULSWITT. Bernard A. Hulswitt, who is perhaps best known in his professional relations because of his continued and in large measure successful contests with loan sharks, thus ridding Cincinnati of an element which is always detrimental to the best interests of a city, has engaged in practice in Cincinnati since June, 1899. He entered upon the work of the profession when in his thirtieth year, his birth having occurred here on the 18th of November, 1869. His parents were Alois F. and Johanna (Stange) Hulswitt. The father was a native of Germany many and in 1865 came from that country to the new world. In early life he had learned the cabinet maker's trade and subsequently engaged in the stone and iron business at Louisville, Kentucky, remaining an active factor in mercantile circles until his death, which occurred in May, 1908, when he had reached the age of seventy-two years. His wife had previously passed away in 1890 234 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and was laid to rest in St. Joseph's cemetery of Cincinnati while the burial of Mr. Hulswitt occurred in Evergreen cemetery of Louisville, Kentucky. As a pupil in the public schools of this city Bernard A. Hulswitt began his education, which was continued until his fourteenth year. He was young to take up the active work of the world in business circles but at that time he started out to earn his own living and began learning the advertising and sign painting business which he followed until 1894, experience gradually gaining him promotion and advancement in that field. He then took charge of a suburban laundry business and while thus engaged devoted every spare moment to the study of law at the night law school of the McDonald Educational Institute of the Young Men's Christian Association, so that in June, 1899, he was well equipped for admission to the bar which he secured on passing the required state examination. He was admitted to practice in June, 1899, and at once opened an office. He has always followed his profession independently and has won for himself favorable criticism for the careful and systematic methods he has followed. His application of legal principles demonstrates wide range of his professional acquirements and the care and thoroughness which characterize his preparation of a case have made him one of the successful attorneys of Cincinnati. During his practice he has won a wide reputation because of his persistent fight against one of the pronounced evils of the city-loan sharks. On the 6th of November, 1890, occurred the marriage of Mr. Hulswitt and Miss Clara McKeag, a daughter of Robert and Virginia McKeag. The father was a brick mason and contractor but his business activities were interrupted by his service in the Union army during the Civil war participated in many battles and was held as prisoner in Andersonville stockade. He gave his service freely and has never asked for a pension in recognition of aid rendered. Mr. and Mrs. Hulswitt reside at No. 852 Betts street and they have one son, Blaine Ingersoll, now attending public school. Mr. Hulswitt is a republican and a member of the Knights of Pythias. He is also an active member of the Cincinnati Liederkranz and the North Cincinnati Turn Verein. He has always resided in this city, so that he has a wide acquaintance here and those who know him recognize the fact that there are in his life record many elements worthy of commendation, not the least of which is the laudable ambition which prompted him to put forth untiring effort for his advancement in the business world both before and since entering upon the practice of law. EDWARD HUMBLE MOSS, M. D. Successfully engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery, Dr. Moss is also well known as a prominent Mason and in other connections which have brought him a wide acquaintance. He is one of the younger representatives of the medical profession here and yet his position is one that many an older practitioner might well envy. His birth occurred in Cincinnati, April 22, 1875, his parents being. John Henry and Arabella (Males) Moss. The family is a CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 237 very old one in Cincinnati and is of English origin. The great-grandfather of our subject was Henry Moss, a steamboat captain in the early days of navigation on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and made trips between Cincinnati and New Orleans. He was also one of the early members of the Masonic fraternity here. His son John Moss, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Maysville, Kentucky, and when only five years of age was left an orphan, being reared by the Metcalfe family. He died about 1856, when but twenty-seven years of age. His wife bore the maiden name of Mary Humble and was a daughter of John Humble, who came to Cincinnati in the '30s from Yorkshire, England, and during the period of his residence here engaged in the stone business, owning the first large stone yard in Cincinnati. The father was born in this city July 9, 1851, and here attended the public schools and the Chickering Institute. He then entered business life in connection with the firm of Robert Clarke & Company and was associated with that house for over twenty years. Later he became connected with the Charles Stewart Paper Company in the early '80s and following the failure of that house about five years later he embarked in the stationery and book business on his own account, conducting his store for about ten years. On the expiration of that period he became secretary of the Odd Fellows Temple Company, of which he was also a director, that being his connection during the time of the erection of the building. He did all of the work of securing the first tenants and managed the interests of the temple for a considerable period. In 1900 he became salesman for the Brown & Stuart Company, which position he still fills. Fraternally he is connected with Yeatman Lodge, F. & A. M., Ohio Lodge, No. 1, I. O. O. F., of which he is a past grand, and the United Commercial Travelers. He wedded Arabella, daughter of William Males, of Cincinnati, and to them were born three children namely: Edward H., our subject ; Walter, who died in 1904; and Mary Emma Moss. In the acquirement of his education Dr. Moss completed a course in Woodward school and afterward entered the claim department of the Queen & Crescent line. In 1896, however, he took up the study of medicine, having determined to engage in practice as a life work. His professional training was received in the Ohio Medical College, taking the examination at the end of three years, and later he served as interne in the German Deaconess Hospital, having won the position through competitive examination. He has always practiced alone and for five years has maintained an office in the downtown district. His practice has steadily grown in volume and importance and he has gradually forged his way to the front among the prominent and capable representatives of the profession in his native city. In addition to a large private practice he is serving as medical examiner for various casualty companies and is physician for the is White Rats Actors Union. He was also medical examiner for the Young Men's Christian Association for ten years. For two years he acted as assistant in Dr. Bonefield's gynecological clinic, and he has done post-graduate work in New York and Chicago, thus keeping in touch with the most advanced ideas and methods of the profession. He has been medical examiner for the juvenile court and assistant health officer for the ninth ward. All of the public positions which he has filled have been in the strict path of his profession, which he regards as his chief interest, concentrating his energies entirely upon professional 238 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY service. Since 1900 he has been a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and he also belongs to the State Medical Society, the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, the American Medical Association and the Ohio Medical College Alumni Association. Dr. Moss likewise has a wide acquaintance in Masonic circles, his membership being in Excelsior Lodge, No. 369, F. & A. M.; Kilwinning Chapter, R. M.; Hanselman Commanclery, K. T.; Cincinnati Council, R. & S. M.; and Syrian Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He likewise belongs to Arra Chapter, No, 160, O. E. S., and his fraternal connections also extend to Lasker Lodge, No. 401, K.P. and the Knights of Khorassan. He belongs also to Christ Episcopal Church and since 1891 has been an active and helpful member in the Young Men’s Christian Association. All these indicate much of the nature of his interests and the principles which govern his conduct. His friends—and they are many -speak of him as a man of sterling worth, whose influence can always be counted upon as a factor for progress and improvement. Actuated by a laudable desire to make his work of utmost worth in the world, he has remained a close student of his profession, constantly seeking to augment his efficiency by reading and study, and his work has received the indorsement not only of the general public but of his professional, colleagues as well. CHARLES McKEE LESLIE. Beginning in the practice of law at Cincinnati as a young man of twenty-four, Charles McKee Leslie set diligently and conscientiously to work and today, after the lapse of sixteen years, can claim a flourishing business and is recognized as one of the prominent factors at the bar of Hamilton county. His success in gaining an honorable position through his own exertions in a city which is the home of many of the brightest legal minds of the country is a striking illustration. of the possibilities available for young men of ability and worthy ambition who are willing to apply themselves to any honorable calling. Charles McKee Leslie is of Scotch-Irish descent and was born at Versailles, Indiana, June 14, 1871, being a son of William Leslie, who was born in County Tyrone, in the north of Ireland, January 2, 182o. He came to America in 1841 and settled on a farm near Frankfort, Ohio. The mother, who was Margaret Fulton before her marriage, was born in County Tyrone in 1833. She was brought to Frankfort, Ohio, by her parents at the age of four years. Mr. Leslie, Sr., died in 1906, but his wife is still living at Versailles and has now arrived at the venerable age of seventy-eight years. There were seven children in their family, four of whom survive, namely ; Margaret E., who is living at home with her mother ; Will C., who is married and lives at Osgood, Indiana. J. Fulton, also at home ; and Charles McKee. Charles McKee Leslie attended the common schools of Versailles and later became a student of Hanover College at Hanover, Indiana, from which he was graduated in 1892. He soon after entered the Cincinnati Law School, graduating with the degree of LL. B. in 1895. Immediately after leaving the law school he opened an office in Cincinnati and has ever since practiced alone in this CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 239 city. He is a general civil practitioner and is now located in a pleasant suite of rooms in the Second National Bank building, being attorney for the Second National Bank. He also serves as attorney for the Interurban Railway & Terminal Company and as a corporation lawyer has shown a capacity for grasp of details, a clearness of discrimination and a sound judgment which meet the hearty concurrence of officers of large interests with which he is identified. On the 15th of February, igos, Mr. Leslie was united in Marriage to Miss Sallie Langdon Williams, a native of Cincinnati and a daughter of Webster and Sallie (Langdon) Williams, the former of whom is now deceased; Mr. Leslie is a member of the Cincinnati Bar Association and can claim many warm personal friends in that organization. In politics he is a republican. Religiously he adheres to the Presbyterian church. His father was also a member of this denomination and served as elder in the church for more than fifty years. A public-spirited and progressive citizen, Mr. Leslie is deeply interested in the prosperity of Cincinnati and is a capable and willing assistant in movements seeking to advance the general welfare. Possessing the qualities of an able lawyer, he has met with marked success in his vocation and his high standing at the bar is a merited tribute to his ability. MAJOR W. R. THRALL, M. D. One of the most interesting figures seen on the streets of Cincinnati is Major W. R. Thrall—soldier, physician, scholar, business man and, for nine years past, recorder of the Ohio. Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. One of the few Americans who participated in the Crimean war, he was also identified with the medical branch of the Union army at the time of the Civil war and has filled important positions under federal and state administrations. Although he has passed the eighty-second milestone on life's journey he is as keen of sight and mind as a man twenty-five years his junior, and being over six feet tall, perfectly erect and well proportioned, he instantly commands respect wherever he appears. Major Thrall was born in Pickaway county, Ohio, November 22, 1829, a son of William B. and Maria (Rockwell) Thrall. The father was of New England ancestry and was reared in Vermont. He removed west from Rutland, Vermont, in 1818, to Pickaway county where he became editor of the Olivet Branch. Later he served as editor of the Circleville Herald and in 1840 located at Columbus, Ohio, where for many years he filled the position of editor of the Ohio State Journal, one of the leading newspapers of the Buckeye state. He was prominent in public life and served as associate judge of the court of common pleas in Pickaway county, being also appointed by Governor Chase, of Ohio, as the first comptroller of the treasury of the state, an act having been passed creating that office as a result of the defalcation of the state treasurer, John G. Breslin, and Mr. Thrall was regularly nominated for the office to which he had been appointed at the next state convention and was duly elected. Fraternally he was prominently identified with the Masonic order and served as 240 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY grand master of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. His name is indelibly associated a with the history of the state as one of its most honored citizens. W. R. Thrall, whose name stands at the head of this review, received his preliminary education in the Columbus high school. Being attracted to the study of medicine he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons New York city and after pursuing the regular course was graduated with the degree of M.D. in 1853. He returned to Columbus and engaged in general practice for a year, at the end of which time he was appointed assistant physician to the Ohio Insane Asylum, at Columbus. This office he resigned in 1855 in order to enter the military service of Russia, and was appointed a surgeon in Russian army. In the month of May, 1855, in company with other young doctors of medicine, Dr. Thrall tendered his services to the czar of Russia through the Russian minister at Washington, which were accepted. Upon presentation of his credentials at the Russian war department he was assigned to duty with the Baltic division of the army, and ordered to Helsingfors, Finland. There was at that time a Russian force of one hundred thousand men stationed in Finland to watch the contemplated union of Sweden with the Allied powers and the service was in great need of medical and surgical assistance. Subsequently he was ordered to the general hospital at Tavastehus, Finland, where he became one of the medical staff in a hospital of seventeen hundred beds. and here he took high rank in his profession by reason of his great success, which, being reported to the department at St. Petersburg, resulted in subsequent decoration with the Order of St. Stanislaus, accompanied by complimentary mention from the medical department of the ministry of war. At the close of the war he was ordered to St. Petersburg and was formally presented to the Emperor Alexander II, at Peterhof Palace and received his honorable discharge. Dr. Thrall spent some months on the continent in travel and returned to his home at Columbus, Ohio, and resumed the practice of his profession. Soon afterwards, however, he located for practice at Omaha, Nebraska, where he continued for three years, during which time he served one term as a member of the Nebraska territorial legislature. He next took up his residence at Keokuk, Iowa, where he was successfully engaged in practice at the outbreak of the Civil war. Upon the invitation of Governor Dennison, of Ohio, he accepted an appointment as surgeon of the Twenty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, continuing in that capacity until February, 1863, when he resigned. During the siege of Corinth in 1862 an armed recognizance, under General Pope, at Farmington, Mississippi, was ordered and while directing his ambulances in the removal of the wounded Dr. Thrall was taken prisoner and sent to Memphis and later was exchanged and delivered to the flag ship of Admiral Porter near Fort Pillow. After returning to Columbus he entered the mercantile business, in which he continued until appointed private secretary to Governor Hayes during the first term of the latter as governor of Ohio. For three years Major Thrall very acceptably discharged the duties pertaining to private secretaryship and then resigned, having been appointed United States marshal for the southern district of Ohio by President U. S. Grant. While occupying this office he received instructions from Washington to condemn the land and buildings for the new postoffice site. He impanelled the jury and cried the sale of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 241 the buildings himself, carrying through the entire business in a manner that met the hearty approval of the officials at Washington. He continued as United States marshal for eight years and after retiring from that office engaged in various pursuits until 19o2, since which time he has served as recorder of the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion, filling this position to the general satisfaction of the large membership, including many of the most prominent men in the state. On the 14th of July, 1859, at Zanesville, Ohio, Major Thrall was married to Miss Hannah Galigher, a daughter of William Galigher, who was a prominent citizen of that place. Six children were born to this union : Charles G., the eldest, who died in infancy ; Nellie, the eldest daughter, who died at three years of age; Mabel Rose; Mrs. Jennie Thrall Patton, who is now deceased; Elsie R.,; and Josie, who married R. C. Stoll, a leading attorney of Lexington, Kentucky. Major Thrall has for many years been identified with the Masonic order, having been made a Mason in Goodale Lodge of Columbus, Ohio. He is a member of Fred C. Jones Post, No. 401, G. A. R., of which he is now past commander. In 1904 he was elected by his comrades at their annual encampment as surgeon-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, and there are few men living who stand higher in the esteem of the old soldiers. During a long and eventful career he has personally met many of the greatest men of Europe and America and his store of reminiscences is practically inexhaustible. Affable, courteous and obliging, he is an ideal gentleman, and all who have the pleasure of his acquaintance entertain for him the most profound respect. ADOLPH DRYER. AdoIph Dryer, one of the prosperous and enterprising business men of the Queen City, is the president and general manager of The Standard Printing Ink Company. He was born in New York city, May 10, 1868. His father, B. A. Dryer. was in the wholesale notion and dry-goods business for upwards of half a century, coming originally from New Orleans. His maternal grandfather Theodore Danziger, was one of the pioneer dry-goods merchants of New Orleans, being the head of the old house of Theodore Danziger & Sons. Adolph Dryer obtained his education at Dr. J. Sachs's Collegiate Institute, from which he graduated at the early age of fifteen. It was his intention to pursue a professional career but conditions arose that decided him to enter on a business career. At the age of sixteen, he became identified with the printing ink business as salesman for George H. Morrill & Company, of New York, and by rapid strides rose to be their sales manager in 1886. In January of the year 1890 Mr. Dryer came to Cincinnati and organized The Standard Printing Ink Company, of which he is now sole owner. This business was established in 1885 as a partnership under the name of The Standard Printing Ink Works. Under Mr. Dryer's uninterrupted and efficient management, The Standard Printing Ink Company has grown to be one of the largest and most prominent houses of its kind, maintaining branches and 242 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY agencies all over the world. Mr. Dryer is also second vice president of the Western German. Bank, with which he has been closely identified for many years. On December 7, 1896, he married Ida Frohman, whose father, Moritz Frohman, was a member of the old clothing firm of Menderson, Frohman & Company. Mr. and Dryer have two daughters Emily and Trese, who attend University School. The family residence is at 3457 Harvey avenue, Avondale. ORIN W. BENNETT. Orin W. Bennett, who has engaged in the general practice of law Cincinnati since 1894 and has won gratifying success by conscientious application to his calling, was born at Forestville, Ohio, December 13, 1871. He is a son of C. P. and Clara B. Bennett, the latter of whom was born at Cherry Grove, Ohio, December 22, 1850. C. P. Bennett was born at Amelia, Ohio, November 28, 1837, and after growing to manhood engaged in school teaching to which he devoted his attention for thirty-five years. At the time of the Civil war he manfully responded to his country's call and for four years wore the wore the uniform of the blue, being a member of Company A, Thirty-fourth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He participated in important campaigns and battles in Virginia and West Virginia and at one time was taken prisoner by the confederates, being confined for eight months in Libby and Danville prisons. He died April 21, 1911, but Mrs. Bennett is still living. There were two children in their family : Orin W. ; and Ivah, who married William H. Maddux, principal of schools at Winton Place, Cincinnati, and is the mother of two children, Dwight and Robert. Orin W. Bennett received his preliminary education in the schools of Cherry Grove and Mount Washington and later attended the Woodward high school, Cincinnati. from which he was graduated in 1890. He studied law in the Cincinnati Law School from which he received the degree of LL. B. in 1894. For three years, from October, i890, to October, 1893, he was in the employ of A. B. Closson Jr. & Company of Cincinnati as bookkeeper, thus securing the money to pay his expenses at the law college. He began the practice of his profession in June, 1894, at Cincinnati, and was formerly in partnership with Charles J. Hunt, now judge of the common pleas court of Hamilton county. At the present time he is associated in practice with Norwood J. Utter under the title of Bennett & Utter, one of the well established law firms of the city, whose offices are at No. 711 Fourth National Bank building. Mr. Bennett served as solicitor for Bond Hill from April, 1901, until the village was annexed to Cincinnati, in 1904. He was appointed solicitor for Kennedy Heights in July, 1904, and still occupies that position. On October 13, 1897, at Cincinnati, Mr. Bennett was married to Miss Mary M. Smizer, a daughter of Joseph H. and Lavina (Witham) Smizer, both of whom are deceased. Mrs. Bennett on the maternal side is a descendant of the pioneer Witham family, of Withamsville, Clermont county. Ohio. Five children CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN. CITY - 243 dren have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Bennett : Donald W. ; Dorothy, who died at the age of two years; Marjorie M. ;Thomass L. ; and William Stewart. Politically Mr. Bennett is an earnest supporter of the republican party. He was made a Mason in 190o and has been a member of the Knights of Pythias since 1901. In religious belief he adheres to the Presbyterian church and has been a trustee of the Kennedy Heights church ever since its organization: He has from the beginning of his professional career made all else subordinate to the duties arising in connection with his practice and has won deserved standing at the bar. Ambitious, diligent and thoroughly capable, he finds in the pursuit of law a vocation well adapted to his taste and one that promises increasing honors and rewards in years to come. GEORGE FEWLASS. George Fewlass, who was regarded throughout Cincinnati as a most active and public-spirited man, well known for many years as a representative of industrial interests, was born in Hull, Yorkshire, England, March 9, 1833. He was therefore seventy-eight years when, on the 7th of April, 1911, he was called from this life. He spent the period of his minority: in his native country and came to America in 1855, when a young man of twenty-two years. He settled in Newport, Kentucky, just across the river from Cincinnati, and engaged with Thomas Hodgson, of Newport, Kentucky, in the brass and iron foundry business, his establishment being located on Second, between Lawrence and Ludlow streets. Later the business was reorganized under the name of the Fewlass & Lane Brass & Iron Foundry Company, having admitted Mr. Lane to a partnership in the undertaking. This relation was maintained until about three weeks before the death of Mr. Fewlass, when he retired from business. He was always a very active and very busy man, continuously studying out new methods to advance the interests of the trade, and as the years passed by, his business grew along substantial lines and returned to him a gratifying income. As he prospered in his undertaking he was enabled to surround himself with the comforts and luxuries of life and about twenty-two years prior to his demise removed to Cincinnati, establishing his home in Walnut Hills, where he lived until called to his final rest. It was in Walnut Hills in 1890 that Mr. Fewlass was united in marriage to Mrs. Samuel Cooper, who in her maidenhood was Miss H. C: Martin. She was born in Australia and came to the United States in 1856, when twelve years of age, with her father, John Martin, who was a very wealthy man for those days and made extensive investments here. Later, however, he met with heavy losses through a bank failure but largely retrieved his possessions, owing to his excellent business ability and judicious investments. He was prominent as a contractor and builder and was classed with the leading business men of the city. He was also active in other lines, especially those contributing to public progress and improvement. He was a proud man, proud of his honor and good name, which were never sacrificed to the slightest extent. Among his children who are still residents of Cincinnati are Mrs. Fewlass, Harry C. Martin and 244 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mrs. E. Witherwick. Mrs. Fewlass was first married to Henry Willard, of England, a silver door-plate manufacturer, by whom she had one child, Harry W., now engaged in the automobile business in Walnut Hills. After the death of her first husband she married Samuel Cooper, who came to Cincinnati from England in 1856 and drove the old omnibus here for many years. He afterward engaged in the livery business on McMillan street, where the Orpheum Theater now stands, conducting his livery barn there until his death, in 1888, after which the business was carried on by his widow and her brother, Harry C. Martin, for some time. She owned a large tract of land on East McMillian street, where the Orpheum Theater is located, and later sold all as sites for business property, the transaction netting her a very substantial income. Mr. Cooper belonged to the Knights of Honor and was a man whose support could ever be counted upon in behalf of well formulated plans for the city's development. He died here in 1888 at the age of fifty years. Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Fewlass resided at Walnut Hills until his demise. Mr. Fewless a member of the Masonic fraternity and very prominent in the Knights of Pythias, serving as general commander of the state of Kentucky. He was a man of splendid personal appearance, of fine physique and handsome features, and his face showed forth his kindly spirit and his broad nature. He belonged to the Episcopal church of Newport and throughout his entire life endeavored to closely follow its teachings and live up to its ideals which recognized the brotherhood of man and the obligations of the individual to his fellowmen. Mrs. Fewlass still makes her home in Cincinnati, which city she has seen grow from a village, watching with interest the changes that have occurred as its boundaries have been extended and its business interests have been developed to meet the demands of a growing, thriving and enterprising city. She has traveled quite extensively and has been active in the social life of the city, having an extensive circle of warm friends here. MICHEL WERK. "Were a star quenched on high, For ages would its light, Still traveling downward from the sky Shine on our mortal sight. "So when a good man dies, For years beyond our ken, The light he leaves behind him lies Upon the paths of men." The above quotation was suggested in a consideration of the life and laborsof Michel Werk, a man who rose from a most humble financial position to one of splendid prosperity and yet he made such wise and generous use of his means that the most envious could not begrudge him his success. He gave liberally to charity and sought in every way to promote and support those project which CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 247 have for their object the betterment of mankind. At the same time he carefully planned and conducted important business interests, winning for him a place among Cincinnati's millionaires, and the course which he followed in his business affairs commended him to the confidence and respect of all. His father was Louis Werk, of Marlenheim, in the province of Alsace, France, where for many years he was the government receiver of taxes. It was there that Michel Werk was born February 2, 1807, and in the schools of his native country he acquired his education and received practical home training that developed in him the traits of integrity, industry and enterprise, which later constituted the foundation of his success. He was twenty-three years of age when, with a cousin, he left Alsace for America with money enough to meet the expenses voyage and a three months' sojourn in the new world. The father did not believe the son would wish to remain but the latter, interested in America and its prospects, resolved to make this country his future home and soon after his arrival in New York began the manufacture of tallow candles. He removed to Cincinnati in the spring of 1831 and as his means were limited he wrote home to his father asking for sufficient capital to enable him to establish a candle factory on a footing that would insure success. The father regarded this request, however, as a ruse to obtain more spending money and did not forward the required amount, so after waiting for a remittance for eight months, Mr. Werk was obliged to fall back on his own resources, at which time he had but thirty-six dollars and had incurred an indebtedness of fifty-six dollars. Not discouraged with the outlook, he rented a cottage on Sixth street, near Race, and diligently undertook the task to which he set himself. He had brought some of his apparatus from New York and was able to commence with a capacity of eight hundred pounds per day. By offering butchers a half cent per pound more than they had been receiving for tallow, they were induced to sell to him for cash, but on the second day his thirty-six dollars was exhausted and as yet he had no returns, so that he was not able to pay for his fat on delivery. Butchers, however, recognized that in his equipments he had the nucleus of a business and trusted him for payment. Before the next day was over he found sale for a box of candles which he carried on his back and this brought him ready cash, so that he promptly paid for the tallow of the preceding day. In all of his business career he never neglected to make payment when it was due and thus established an unassailable credit and reputation for reliability. As his financial resources increased and he enlarged his facilities he made extensive shipments of his product to the south. After a short period he extended the scope of his business by undertaking the manufacture of silk hats, becoming the pioneer in this line in the city. He opened a factory a few doors from his candle establishment and, when not busy with the one interest, gave his time to the other, but in the hat manufacture he met with strenuous opposition. The fur-hat makers did not wish a competitor and became so aroused that they resorted to what would be regarded as a very questionable espedient this day. In order to render silk hats distasteful and, therefore, unsaleable they sent to Baltimore and procured a quantity of white silk hats, which they distributed among the negroes of the city. After a short period, therefore, Mr. Werk discontinued the hat business and concentrated his entire at- Vol IV-13 248 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY tention upon the development of the candle trade, in which he made steady and substantial progress. In 1833 Mr. Werk purchased the candle factory of a Mr. Hinkle on Vine street, at which time only a limited number of mold candles were made in this country, the manufacture being carried on only in cold weather, so that the price was exorbitant. Knowing that mold candles were made in France by steam all the year round, Mr. Werk sent to that country for molds and a small steam apparatus to draw the candles out of the molds. He was thus a pioneer in the introduction of this method of manufacture in America and for some time reaped the reward of his enterprise until others adopted his methods. American invention has long since superseded the French machine. He extended his business to include the manufacture of soap and was the first to make that commodity by steam from red oil, or oleic acid, although this had been done in France on a large scale. As the years passed on, his soap and candle business reached extensive proportions, becoming one of the largest enterprises of this character in the world. The business is still continued and shipments are made to every civilized country. This splendid enterprise is a monument to the efforts, labors and business ability of Mr. Werk, to whom obstacles and difficulties did not prove a stumbling block but served rather as an impetus for renewed effort. From 1835 until 1841 Mr. Werk was engaged in the rectification of whisky, which he shipped to the south in considerable quantities besides supplying a large local demand. He returned to Europe in 1836 to visit his parents and again in 1840 and in the latter year he investigated the stearin-acid manufacturing process, which he was the first to introduce in this country and which largely adopted, has proved a source of great profit. In 1870 he exhibited at the Cincinnati Industrial Exposition eight different kinds of stearic candles, two elegant statuary figures of Eve and the Greek slave and a bust of Franklin cast in stearic acid, besides German soap. On his exhibit he obtained first premium. In 1841, in connection with his brother-in-law, N. Verdin, he erected a large factory on Poplar street, near Central avenue, which was destroyed by fire on the 22d of July, 1844, with a loss of twenty-nine thousand dollars, covered with only fourteen thousand dollars insurance. In making a contract for rebuilding he bound the contractor to finish the work in thirty-six days or pay one hundred and fifty dollars a day forfeit for excess days Mr. Werk was to pay a similar amount for undertime. The building was completed and the keys delivered to him in thirty-four days and thus the business manufacturing soap and candles was actively resumed. In 1847 he commenced planting grape-vines in Green township and in four years had sixty acres in grapes. In 1851 he began the manufacture of wine and was also the owner of extensive vineyards in Lorain county on the shores of Lake Erie, where the catawba was cultivated very successfully. He had a wine cellar of immense capacity on Middle Bass Isle and this business proved a profitable source of income, but later he ceased to engage in the manufacture of wine on account of his dislike for the business, although it was very profitable source of income and this trait was characteristic of Mr. Werk, indicating his fidelity at all times to his honest convictions. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 249 In 1843 occurred the marriage of Michel Werk and Miss Pauline La Feuille, of Markolsheim, Alsace, France. They became the parents of ten children, of whom five died in early life. Casimir, the eldest of the surviving sons and daughters, is now a capitalist of Cincinnati. He married Pauline Herancourt, and they have six children, Michel, George, Emile, Pauline, Casimir and Lillian. Marie, the eldest living daughter, is the wife of G. W. Jones, of Kansas City, Missouri, and their eight children are Georgette, Marion, Adele, Robert, Marie, Jules, Eugenie and Gladys. Emile married Kate Bruce and both are now deceased. They had two children, Louis and Louise Eugenie, Louis is the only living grandchild and he was born on the old home place and later returned to take up his abode there. Adele Werk became the wife of William Oskamp, a prominent business man of Cincinnati, and they have five children, Herbert, Gordon, William, Adele and Elsa. Eugenie, the youngest of the family, lives at the old home, known as Werk Place, it being one of the finest residences in Cincinnati, located in Westwood and bordered on one side by Werk road, named in honor of her father, and on the other side by La Feuille avenue, named for her mother. This has been the family residence for about sixty-five years, Mr. Werk having been one of the pioneers of Westwood. There was dispensed a bountiful hospitality, the home being always open for the cordial reception of the many friends of the family. The splendid success which Mr. Werk achieved was a source of gratification to him, because of the opportunity it afforded him to entertain his friends and to provide for his family all of the comforts and luxuries of life. He was a great lover of Music and of nature in its varied forms and was a man of cultured taste and refinement. He possessed much musical ability and was a performer on many instruments. It was his delight to gather his family about him in his beautiful home for intellectual and musical entertainment. He loved children and was especially interested in kindergarten work. To charities and religious organizations he was a liberal donor and he never turned a deaf ear to any appeal for relief by one in sorrow or need. Death came to him on the 13th of April, 1893, and his remains were interred in Spring Grove cemetery by the side of his wife, who had passed away on the 27th of November, 1883. They are yet kindly remembed by all who knew them. Their hospitality was so generous and so sincere that it was ever a pleasure to visit their home. The record of Mr. Werk is a splendid example of what may be attained by persistent, intelligently directed and honorable effort and it is, moreover, a splendid example of what wealth enables one to do for his fellowmen. WALTER A. KNIGHT The law firm of Hosea & Knight is recognized as one of the strong combinations before the bar of Cincinnati. The records of the courts attest the value of their work done in the general practice of civil law and patent litigation. The junior partner of the firm, Walter A. Knight, was born near Plainville, in Hamilton county, Ohio, July 23, 1871, a son of L. A. and Sedelia S. Knight. The family of British lineage and was founded in America soon after the May-