500 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Spear is thoroughly businesslike in all of his dealings and through his perseverance and industry has contributed very largely to the management and advancement of Spring Grove, which has become one of the most beautiful and well planned cemeteries in the United States. HATTIE C. BROWN, M. D. Dr. Hattie C. Brown, who has been very successful since entering upon the practice of medicine, her ability enabling her to cope with the many intricate problems that confront the physician and surgeon, is giving her attention to general practice, yet in a large degree devotes her time to the treatment of diseases of women and children. She was born in East China, Michigan, October 27, 1862, a daughter of Joseph and Ann (Harbor) Brown. At the usual age she was sent to the public schools and after she had put aside her text-books she began learning the typesetter's trade, working as a compositor for several years. In 1887 she came to Cincinnati, having in the meantime determined to prepare for the practice of medicine. To this end she began reading with Dr. Mary J. Booth and later entered the Women's Medical College of Cincinnati, where she completed the regular course by graduation with the class of 1892. For almost twenty years she has now engaged in practice and her work has been highly satisfactory to her patrons and a credit to the profession. In addition to her private practice she has had charge of the outdoor work for the Cincinnati Maternity Association. Her office, which is at No. 411 West Eighth street, is well equipped and she keeps in touch with the advanced literature of the profession, reading the latest medical journals and text-books, so that she is thoroughly c0nversant with what is being done by members of the medical fraternity everywhere. She also belongs to the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, and in the Maccabees order has membership. She gives her time and energies almost exclusively to her professional duties. Dr. Brown is a woman of strong mentality and pleasing personality, with all the graces and qualities of womanhood, and those who meet her professionally soon learn to have the highest regard for her socially. WILLIAM GILLESPIE, M. D. Dr. William. Gillespie, well descended and well bred, whose unfailing courtesy and unfeigned cordiality have won for him an extensive circle of friends, is accounted one of the ablest members of the medical profession in Cincinnati. The development of his native powers and talents and the wise use of his opportunities have brought him to a prominent position in the field wherein he labors. He was born in Rising Sun, Indiana, April 28, 1868, a son of Dr. William and Margaret (Boyle) Gillespie. His grandfather was Robert Gillespie who won the degree of Master of Surgery in Great Britain, having graduated from Edinburgh University. He was the son of a captain of the British navy and after completing CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 503 his professional education in his native land he sought the opportunities of the new world, arriving in Indiana in 1819. He was the first man to locate in that district, who had received a thorough and systematic college training in medicine. He married Margaret R0berts in Scotland and after coming to the new world continued in the active practice of medicine and surgery until his death, which occurred in 1846, when he was fifty-two years of age. His son, Dr. William Gillespie, Sr., was born in Indiana in 1821 and, thinking to follow in the professional footsteps of his father, began reading medicine under his direction and afterward attended the Evansville Medical College. Still later he pursued' a course in the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, and thus well trained for the profession, entered upon active practice in 1846. He had become well established in his chosen life work when at the first call for troops during the Civil war, he offered his services to the government and went to the front as assistant surgeon in. the Seventh Indiana. Infantry. His father had been one of the first "black abolitionists" and Dr. William Gillespie early drank deep at the fountain of liberty for all. Therefore, when the war broke out over the question of slavery he was among the first to indicate in his enlistment that he believed that the slave-holding 'states had no right to withdraw from the Union. He served for the first three months' term and then, when the regiment was reorganized, he reenlisted for three years as assistant surgeon. On the organization of the Eighty-third Indiana Regiment he was transferred to it and afterward became chief surgeon. He. was left behind on account of illness and thus he directed the work in the hospital while lying flat on his back in bed and when a request was made that he be relieved because of disability, the answer to the request came as follows: "Cannot be 'granted, as he is the only surgeon available for the regiment. Signed, General John A. Logan." Dr. Gillespie therefore continued to serve until the members of his regiment discovered his plight and voiced such a protest that he was at length honorably discharged... For three years he had been at the front, never off duty and never faltering in the performance of any task' assigned to him for which his physical 'strength was equal. For a year after returning home his physical disabilities kept him in bed and he never fully recovered his health. Because of his pronounced ability he had an immense practice and was consulting physician for the whole countryside, physicians calling him in consultation over a wide area. His studies kept him in touch with the most advanced methods and his own sound judgment enabled him to correctly discriminate as to the value of any idea advanced. He was most careful in the diagnosis of a case and his judgment was seldom if ever at fault in foreseeing the outcome of disease. He was well known in fraternal connections, being an exemplary representative of the Masonic lodge and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while through his membership in the Grand Army of the Republic he maintained pleasant relations with those who had worn the nation's blue uniform while he, too, was serving his country. In the south, in early manhood, he wedded Margaret Boyle, a daughter of James Boyle, a native, of Scotland, who on coming to the new world established his home in Indiana, where the birth of Mrs. Gillespie occurred. Their son, Dr. William Gillespie, whose name introduces this record, was a pupil in the high school of Rising Sun, Indiana, and, following the completion of his public-school course, he began preparation for the practice of medicine, 504 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY stimulated thereto by the splendid example of his father, whose life was one of wide usefulness in that field. He entered the Ohio Medical College in which he completed his course in 1890 and, following his return home, he became associated with his father who had an extensive surgical practice. Dr. Gillespie, of this review, remained in Indiana from March, 1890, until November, 1896, when he sought a broader field of labor in Cincinnati, where he has since made his home. Here, he specializes in obstetrics and he also has an extensive consultation practice, particularly in his special field. Anything which tends to bring to man the key to the mystery which we call life is of interest to him and his reading and investigation has been wide and varied, bringing him comprehensive knowledge of the advanced work of the profession. He is now serving also as obstetrician at the Bethesda Hospital. He keeps in touch with what is being done by the medical fraternity through his membership in various societies, including the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, in which he has been honored with the presidency, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the Obstetrical Society, of which he has been both president and secretary. He is likewise a member of the Alumni Association of the Ohio Medical College, of which he was at one time president. In 1893 Dr. Gillespie was married to Miss Mary Reamy, a daughter of Pembroke Somerset Reamy, and they have three children, Thaddeus Reamy, William Pembroke and Dorothy. Mrs. Gillespie is a member of the Avondale Methodist Episcopal church and Dr. Gillespie holds membership in the Loyal Legion. In matters of citizenship he is public-spirited and progressive, being at all times in sympathy with the progressive movement of the day, in which he cooperates whenever his time will permit. He is a gentleman of marked courtesy and cull ture in whom the graces of life find expression all unconsciously. These are the men and not something assumed. His friends can always count upon his loyalty. He has ever been an interested student of human nature both from a social and scientific standpoint, and the large practice that is now accorded him is a merited expression of public faith in his ability and worth. PAUL E. L. BARFKNECHT. Paul E. L. Barfknecht, proprietor of a leading undertaking establishment of Cincinnati as the partner of the firm of Wrassmann & Barfknecht, was born in Schneidemuehl, Germany, October 13, 1865. His parents, Carl and Marie Barfknecht, were both natives of Pommern, Germany, and while spending his youthful days under the parental roof the son pursued his education in the public schools and later in a gymnasium which is equivalent to the high school in this country. He entered business life as clerk in a grocery store in Germany and was a youth of eighteen years when in 1883 he came to Cincinnati. Here he sought employment as clerk in a retail dry-goods store, where he remained for several years, and subsequently held a number of different positions in a wholesale dry-goods and notion house, where he won promotion through intermediate positions, eventually becoming stock keeper and salesman, in which capacity he was serving when the firm sold out. In the year 1899 he formed CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 505 a partnership with Frederick J. Wrassmann and purchased the undertaking business of Von Seelen & Unnewehr. They opened their establishment under the firm style of Wrassmann & Barfknecht at Nos. 1417 and 1419 Main street and enlarged their facilities early in the year 1911 by the purchase of the adjoining property at Nos. 1421 and 1423 Main street, remodeling this for business purposes. Here they have a splendidly equipped undertaking establishment, carrying a large and well selected line of undertaking goods. In addition Mr. Bariknecht has held several different positions in connection with public enterprises and his has always been a busy and active life. On the 6th of June, 1906, Mr. Barfknecht was married, in Cincinnati, to Miss Caroline Dornette, a daughter of John and Barbara Dornette, and they now have two children, Elizabeth and Gertrude. The parents are members of the German Evangelical Protestant church and Mr. Barfknecht holds membership in the German Pioneer Society and in other public and social bodies. He is prominent in Masonry, holding membership in the lodge, chapter, commandery and in the Mystic Shrine, and he has held office in the various branches of the Odd Fellows society. His personal and social qualities are such as won for him warm regard and strong friendship. His ideals of life are high and his activities have ever been so directed as to gain the confidence and good-will of those with whom he has been brought in contact. CHARLES EISEN. 'Charles Eisen, who has been secretary and treasurer of The Dolly Varden Chocolate Company ever since its organization, is another of Cincinnati's enterprising native sons, who is meeting with most gratifying success in his business ventures. His birth occurred on the 2d of April, 1868, and he is a son of Anton and Frances Eisen. The father was a native of Baden Baden, Germany, born in 1834, from which country he emigrated to the United States. Upon his arrival in this country he located in Cincinnati, where he engaged in the manufacture of glass. He withdrew from this occupation later and opened a buffet which he conducted until his demise, in 1880. Reared at home Charles Eisen attended the public schools of this city in the acquirement of an education until he had attained his sixteenth year, when he began his business career. His first position was errand boy for The John Church Company at a salary of two dollars per week, but being an energetic and trustworthy youth, he was promoted and eventually became head of the stock room, from which position he was later advanced to that of salesman, in which capacity he served for ten years. All during the period of his identification with this company he studied music, which profession he followed, after withdrawing from mercantile pursuits, until 1904. Again feeling attracted toward business activities he became associated with Isaac J. Weinreich and others, seven years ago, in the organization of The Dolly Varden Chocolate Company, of which Mr. Weinreich is president and Mr. Eisen secretary and treasurer. They engage in the manufacture of high grade chocolates only, in which venture they are meeting with the most gratifying success. The magni- 506 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY tude of their business has developed phenomenally since its organization, th sales now amounting to one million dollars annually and they maintain now branch house in St. Louis. They employ four hundred people in their facto and have twenty-three salesmen on the road, their confections being sold every state in the Union. The marriage of Mr. Eisen and Miss Rosa M. Folz was solemnized in this city, in January, 1888, and they have become the parents of two children: Alma, who is nineteen years of age, now attending the high school ; and Alice, who is seventeen, attending the Sacred Heart Academy and the Cincinnati College of Music. The younger daughter gives promise of becoming a musician of marked ability, being very talented. Mr. Eisen is a member of the North Side Business Men's Club, the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and the United Commercial Travelers. His political support he accords the candidates of the republican party, but he has always been too much absorbed in his personal affairs to actively participate in municipal matters. That he possesses unusual business sagacity is evidenced by the intelligent discernment he has exhibited in the conduct of his affairs. AUGUST H. TUECHTER. August H. Tuechter has been president of the Cincinnati Bickford Tool Company since February, 1909. Continuous progression in business has brought him to this position wherein he is active in the control of one of the large industrial enterprises of the city, its employes numbering several hundred. He was born on the 15th of August, 1869, his parents being William R. and Louisa Tuechter. The father was a native of Prussia, Germany, born December i8, 1837, and, in 1855, he came to Cincinnati, when a young man in his eighteenth year. He learned the cooper's trade with George Strietmann and afterward became connected with C. F. Adae, a banker, in the capacity of bookkeeper. He filled that position until 1878, when he became bookkeeper for the German National Bank, thus continuing until 1889, when death terminated his labors. In the public and high schools of this city August H. Tuechter continued his education until 1885, and afterward spent six months in study at the night sessions of Nelson's Business College. Thus equipped for practical service in the business world he became bookkeeper at the Hoefinghoff & Laue foundry, where he continued for a year and a half. He afterward represented the Brick-ford Drill Company as bookkeeper for two years, at the end of which time he became financially interested in the business and after he was admitted to a partnership the firm name was changed to the Bickford Drill & Tool Company, so continuing until 1899, when Mr. Tuechter disposed of his interests. In that year he organized the Cincinnati Machine Tool Company with Sherman C. Schauer as a partner, and in February, 1909, this company bought out the Bickford Drill & Tool Company and reorganized the business under the name ofC0mpany,cinnati Bickford Tool Company, Inc. Mr. Tuechter was elected president with Mr. Schauer as vice president and from the outset the enterprise has proven a profitable and growing one, Mr. Tuechter's previous experience and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 507 thorough practical training well qualifying him for the position of administrative direction that he now fills. Something of the magnitude of the enterprise may be conceived from the fact that they now employ four hundred people in the manufacture of upright and radial drilling machinery and also tapping machines. In their perfected condition the drills are in advance of practically all other manufactured and their output now goes to all parts of the world. Their plant is very extensive. They have recently completed a new factory covering one hundred thousand square feet of floor space, exclusive of offices, draughting rooms, power plant and carpenter shop. This is the largest and most modern plant of the kind in the world devoted exclusively to their line of work. The greatest care is exercised in the selection of materials used and the most modern machinery and most expert workmen are employed in the manufactory. Mr. Tuechter is a member of the Masonic fraternity, being affiliated with Vattier Lodge, F. & A. M. ; Willis Chapter, R. A. M. ; Hanselman Commandery, K. T.; the Scottish Rite Consistory ; and Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine. His political faith is that of the republican party. He belongs to the Business Men's Club, the West End Business Men's Club, the Oakley Business Men's Club, the North Hyde Park Business Men's Club, and to the Machinery Club of New York, and his life has been one of unremitting industry, intelligently directed, his labors contributing to general progress as well as to individual success. He holds to the highest standards not only in manufacture but in service in connection with his business and the excellence of the output and the honorable methods of the house are the salient factors in his success. OTWAY J. COSGRAVE. Otway J. Cosgrave, the subject of this sketch, is a native of Cincinnati. His father, Otway J. Cosgrave, „Sr.,- was among the earlier settlers of the Queen City. During his lifetime he was successfully engaged in the leather manufacturing business and sustained a high repute among his business associates. Mr. Cosgrave of this review received his collegiate education at St. Xavier College in this city and subsequently took up the study of law in the office of Lincoln, Smith & Stephens, graduating from the Cincinnati Law College in 1875. From that time to the present he has been engaged in the general practice. One of the most important matters in which Mr. Cosgrave was interested as counsel was the celebrated case of Mannix versus Purcell, which involved the question of the liability of ecclesiastical property for the debts of the Most Rev. Edward Purcell at the time of his financial disaster. Mr. Cosgrave was the junior counsel under the Hon. George Hoadly and E. W. Kittredge, representing Mr. Mannix in that famous controversy. The leading opposing counsel was the Hon. Timothy D. Lincoln, under whom Mr. Cosgrave had studied. Associated with Mr. Lincoln was the late William M. Ramsey, Alexander Long, L. W. Goss, Samuel J. Miller, Thomas A. Logan and a number of other leading attorneys. This case occupied three months in its trial, and the opening argument in behalf of the assignee was delivered by Mr. Cosgrave, occupying two 508 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and one-half,days. The case involved questions of civil, ecclesiastical and cano law. Mr. Cosgrave so distinguished himself in this case that St. Xavier College his alma mater, conferred on him the degree of Master of Arts in recognition of his ability. His earnest efforts in behalf of his clients, his close application and the exercise of his native and acquired talents have gained him high prestige as a lawyer. His arguments have elicited warm commendation not only from his associates at the bar but also from the bench. His presentation of .his cause always indicated wide research, careful thought and the best and strongest reasons that could be urged for his contentions. In 1882 Mr. Cosgrave was elected county solicitor on the democratic ticket, serving in that capacity until the close of the year 1884. Subsequently he was his party's candidate for congress and for common pleas judge but shared in the general defeat of his party. It was while he was serving as county solicitor that the courthouse riots took place, leading to the destruction of the courthouse and all its records. The rebuilding of the courthouse and the restoration of the records demanded so much of the solicitor's time that the lawyers of Hamilton county almost unanimously urged the passage of a law giving Mr. Cosgrave authority to appoint an assistant solicitor, which he did in the person of Judge Moses F, Wilson. Judge Rufus B. Smith, who succeeded Mr. Cosgrave, chose for his assistant William H. Taft, who up to that time had held but one public office, that of assistant prosecuting attorney under Judge Miller Outcalt. Thus it was that Mr. Cosgrave, a democrat, created an office which was subsequently filled by William H. Taft, a republican and now the president of the United States. The friendly personal relationship that was created at that time between Mr. Cosgrave and Mr. Taft has continued up to the present time. Mr. Cosgrave maintains his offices in the Wiggins building. He has a wide acquaintance in Cincinnati, and his social qualities have won him many friends, while his strong mentality and untiring industry have gained him an enviable position in professional circles. CHARLES SCHMIDLAPP. Charles SchmidOctobersed away in New York, October 23, 1885. He had practically spent the last two years of his life under the sunny skies of Italy, hoping that residence in the mild climate of that district which borders the bay of Naples would prove beneficial. He was born. in Piqua, Ohio, September 23, 1840, and was married in Cincinnati, March 28, 1870, to Miss Margaret Yost, who was born in this city, September 27, 1851. She belongs to one of the old American families. Her great-grandfather, Peter Yost, fought in the Revolutionary war. Her father, Conrad Yost, resided for a time in Philadelphia, whence he removed to Cincinnati, becoming a prominent architect of this city. He erected many of the notable buildings here, including the old city hall, the infirmary and other large structures. He likewise erected a number of important buildings in the south and also did some work in the capitol at Washington. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 513 As previously stated his daughter Margaret, on the 28th of March, 1870, became the wife of Charles Schmidlapp. They resided in Memphis, Tennessee, during the first two years after their marriage and Mr. Schmidlapp and his brother, J. G. Schmidlapp, were engaged in business together there. During their residence in that city Mr. and Mrs. Schmidlapp became the parents of a little daughter, Iola. Six months after her birth they removed to Cincinnati, Mr. Schmidlapp becoming connected with the business interests of this city. He and his brother were proprietors of Live Oak distillery and also of the Mellwood distillery in Louisville, Kentucky. It was Mr. Schmidlapp's ambition to engage in the banking business as soon as he had reached a financial position which would justify such a step. Unfortunately he died before he realized this hope. The last two years of his life were spent in the ever summery Latin kingdom, in a villa in the country, near Naples. The salubrious. balmy climate, a mixture of sea breeze and country air, proved of salutatory effect and, in 1884, he and his wife returned to America, but his health soon failed on this side of the Atlantic and he died in New York, in 1885, at the comparatively early age of forty-five years. An only son, Charles, born in Cincinnati, had died in 1882, when but twelve months old. The daughter Iola, who was born in Memphis, Tennessee, September 24, 1872, was married in the capitol in Rome, in 1906, by civil marriage, according to the laws of the country, while the religious ceremony was performed in the afternoon of the same clay in the English Presbyterian church of Rome by the Rev. Dr. Gray. Mrs. Schmidlapp is a lover of music, is equally fond of literature and is largely conversant with the best writings of many ages. She is also very active in charitable work and she made donations to the fund to supply band music in the public parks in honor of her husband's memory. She has given freely and liberally to benevolent work, her generous contributions bringing comfort and happiness into many homes. SAMUEL COHEN. Samuel Cohen is now well known as. a real-estate broker of Cincinnati, where much of his life has been passed although he was born in Prussian Poland, in 1870. The first eleven years of his life were spent in his native country and he came to America thirty years ago. His father, Charles Cohen, was a prosperous dealer in grain and died at the venerable age of ninety-two years, having long, survived his wife, Mrs. Sarah Cohen, who passed away at the age of sixty-three years. Samuel Cohen is indebted to the public schools of his native land and of his adopted country for the educational privileges he enjoyed. When quite a young man he turned his attention to the real-estate business in which he has since engaged, making it his purpose to thoroughly acquaint himself with property values. In the interim he has handled much real estate, negotiating many important transfers, and his success places him in a creditable position among the real-estate brokers of this city. Vol. IV-26 514 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Cohen established a home of his own when twenty-four years of age in his marriage in New York city to Miss Annie Pearl Goldstein. Immediately after the marriage they left for his home city of Cincinnati and here they reared a most interesting family of six sons and two daughters, of whom five sons and a daughter are yet living, namely : Charles ; Mortimer ; Julius; Mandell: Joseph ; and Miriam Pearl. The family have an attractive home at 24o Albany avenue, in Avondale, and have an extensive circle of .warm friends in this city. Mr. Cohen's office is located at No. 44 Atlas Bank building on Walnut street and he deserves much credit for what he has accomplished, having had no outside assistance or support in working his way. upward to his present creditable position. JOHN DUTTENHOFER. For twenty-five years Cincinnati has numbered John Duttenhofer among its energetic and progressive citizens and the scope of his activities has gradually widened until the enterprise of which he is one of the leading officers gives employment to twelve hundred men. He is of good Teutonic parentage and was born at Pomeroy, Ohio, November 12, 1866, a son. of Valentine and Helen Duttenhofer. The father was born at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, and emigrated to America in 1840. He entered the grocery business at Pomeroy, where he continued until 1876, in the meantime organizing a steamboat company which operated on the Ohio river. In 1876, having acquired a competency, he came to Cincinnati and was one of the capitalists of this city. He was identified with the real-estate business and built a number of residences in the west end. He also established his two sons, John and Valentine, Jr., in the shoe manufacturing business but never took any active part in that line himself. At the time of the Civil war he served in the army for the cause of the Union and proved himself a brave and faithful soldier. He died in October, 1902, at the age of seventy-three years, his wife having preceded him, in 1889. They are both buried in St. Joseph's cemetery on Price Hill. John Duttenhofer received his early education in the public schools. At the age of sixteen he began to learn the shoe manufacturing business under his brother-in-law, F. M. Bering, and continued with him for four years, during which time he gained a great deal of practical knowledge which has assisted him very materially in his life work.. At the time of the organization of the firm of Val Duttenhofer's Sons he was made vice president, a position which he has ever since filled. The firm manufactures ladies' shoes at Nos. 710-720 Sycamore street, and occupies a building with a frontage of one hundred and forty-five feet which extends back two hundred feet and is six stories high. This firm is one of the important and growing manufacturing establishments of the city and has built up a wide reputation as manufacturers of ladies' shoes, the products of the factory now being distributed throughout a wide territory in the United States. On the 20th of October, 1889, Mr. Duttenhofer was married to Miss Dorothea Stith, a daughter of J. N. Stith. The father is a native of Kentucky and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 515 is now living retired, making his home with the subject of this review. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Duttenhofer : Ethel, who is now a student of Sacred Heart Academy ; Gertrude and Margaret, who are attending a private school at Doherty ; and Carl and Stanley, who are students of the Franklin school. Politically Mr. Duttenhofer gives his support to the republican party and although his business requires a large share of his attention, he has never neglected his duties of citizenship and is a stanch friend of good government administered according to strictly business principles. He is an active member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and belongs to the Cincinnati Country Club, the Queen City Club and the Business Men's Club. He has exemplified in his life the advantages of concentration upon a worthy object and he now enjoys in his beautiful home, at No. 2930 Fairfield avenue, the results of many years of well directed application and also has the satisfaction of knowing that as a large and liberal-minded employer he has assisted in adding to the comfort and happineess of many of his fellowmen. Val Duttenhofer, Jr., is the president of the Val Duttenhofer Sons Company, and was born in Cincinnati, September 24, 1862. He was educated in St. Xavier's school in Cincinnati and in St. Canisius College, at Buffalo, New York. After completing his education he was for a time in the employ of the city engineering department and, in 1891, he became one of the organizers of the house of Val Duttenhofer Sons, and upon its incorporation in 1905 was elected its president. In April, 1893, Mr. Duttenhofer was married to Miss Laura Sennett, of Cincinnati, and they have one son, Clifford. Their home is an attractive residence on Highland avenue at Mount Auburn. Mr. Duttenhofer gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is a member of the Holy Name Catholic church at Mount Auburn, also of the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He belongs to the Business Men's Club, the Pen and Pencil Club, the Hamilton County Golf Club, the Country Club and the Automobile Club. Of the last named he was one of the founders and served as president from 1901 until 1904, inclusive. His recreation comes to him through golf and motoring. LEE W. GREINER. A resident of Cincinnati since 1904, Lee W. Greiner has during the period indicated been general manager of the Liquid Carbonic Company in this city, the factory and offices of which are at the southwest corner of Second and Central avenues. He has made a success of his business and gained recognition as one of the substantial and wide-awake men of the city. He is a ,native of Indiana, born at Terre Haute, November 10, 1872, a son of David C. and Mary E. Greiner. The father was one of the founders of the Liquid Carbonic Company in conjunction with his brother-in-law, Jacob Bauer, who is now president of the company. The Greiner family originated in Germany, the early ancestors in America settling in Maryland four generations ago, and the family 516 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY is well distributed now in the United States. David C. Greiner was a soldier in the Civil war and was mustered out as color sergeant of the Forty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteers. He died in 1900 and is buried at Terre Haute. Mrs. Greiner still survives and is living in that city. In the public schools Lee W. Greiner received his early educational training and he also attended the high school at Terre Haute. At the age of sixteen he became traveling salesman for the Greiner Shoe Manufacturing Company, of which his father was the owner, and after continuing for two years on the road he went into the factory with. which he was identified until 1893. He then entered the employ of the Liquid Carbonic Company as salesman, evincing an adaptability to this line which gave bright promise as to his future. In 1897 he took charge of the Baltimore branch of the business and in 1898 opened up a branch in New York city. Since 1904 he has been in charge at Cincinnati. The firm manufactures soda fountains, appurtenances, rotary beer fillers, liquid gas, etc., and is one of the largest concerns of the kind in the country, with offices in all of the principal cities. Mr. Greiner is also a member of the board of directors of the Search Light Gas Company. He has been very active and efficient in all his undertakings and has made steady progress in the business world, being, moreover, a man of admirable principles and superior qualities of character who possesses the respect of all who know him. His political allegiance is given to the republican party and fraternally he is prominently identified with the F. & A. M. and the Royal Arcanum. He is a member of the Cuvier Press Club and the Hyde Parkature Club and is a lover of nature and of outdoor diversions, as a welcome contrast to the exacting claims of business. Mr. Greiner still enjoys the freedom of bachelorhood and makes his home at the Hotel Gillespie. GEORGE E. OGDEN. George E. Ogden, vice president and superintendent of The Miller Shoe Manufacturing Company, brought .to the outset of his career in this connection a knowledge and experience much broader than that of the average man engaged in this line of work, for in his preliminary training he acquainted himself with every phase of shoe manufacturing. He is one of the native sons of Cincinnati, who in the city of their birth are winning success.andwas born on October 5, 1872, ancj is a son of Alexander and Nancy (Raddish) Ogden. The father was a native of Nottingham, England, and when a young man came to America, settling in Cincinnati, where he followed the trade of type founder. The public schools afforded George. E. Ogden his educational privileges and after putting aside his text-books, he began to learn the trade of a shoe cutter. He determined to acquaint himself with every branch of shoemaking—a knowledge acquired by few in these days, when work is highly specialized in order to increase the efficiency of individual labor and thus lower the cost of production. The training thus received has been of the greatest value to Mr. Ogden in the position which he now occupies. He became associated with Mr. Miller and in June, 1901, the business was incorporated under the name of The Miller CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 317 Shoe Manufacturing Company, with Charles H. Miller as the president. The business was conducted under a partnership relation for a time and was started on a small scale, the output being women's shoes. At first only ten or fifteen operatives were employed in the factory but the business steadily grew and the number of employes is now two hundred and seventy-five, while the output has increased to one thousand pairs of women's shoes per day. They sell direct to the retailers in the different states from the Atlantic to the Pacific and their factory now occupies seven floors of a large building, comprising thirty-five thousand square feet and equipped with the most modern machinery and appliances for the conduct of the business. Owing to careful management, there is no waste of time nor material and yet the business policy is a broad and liberal one, recognizing the rights of the employe as well as the opportunity of the employer to win legitimate success in this field. As superintendent, Mr. Ogden's knowledge of shoemaking in every department is proving of immense value and his judgment is also a factor in the successful management of the financial interests of the business. In 1903 Mr. Ogden was united in marriage to Miss Matilda Meyers, a daughter of Carl Meyers, of Cincinnati, and they have three children : Carl, Roy and Bert. Mr. Ogden is well known in this city, where he has always resided and where he has made for himself a creditable position in business circles, his worth and capability constituting the rounds of the ladder on which he has climbed to the plane of affluence. HERMAN BILLING. Various activities engaged the attention of Herman Billing until 1903, at which time he became associated with his brother Henry and father in the organization of the Billing Artificial Stone Company, which industry has developed in a most gratifying manner during the nine years of its existence. Herman Billing was born in Ape, near Malgarten, Germany, on the 17th of May, 1884, and is a son of R. Herman and Elizabeth Billing. The father, who is also a native of the fatherland, his birth occurring in 1856, emigrated to the United States with his family in 1892 and located in Cincinnati, where he worked as a stone mason laborer for a time and then engaged in the fruit and vegetable business. He withdrew from that occupation in 1901 and opened a grocery store, which he conducted until 1903, at which time he disposed of his interests and entered into partnership with his sons. Herman Billing was a lad of eight years when the family emigrated from the old country, so that practically his entire life has been spent in Cincinnati. His education was acquired in the Catholic parochial schools which he attended until he had attained his twelfth year, when he laid aside his text-books to assume the heavier responsibilities of life. For two years thereafter he worked for a huckster but at the end of that period he engaged in business for himself for three years as a dealer in fruit and vegetables. He then opened a saloon, which he conducted for a year, subsequently entering the employment of the Rolling Cement Company as a laborer. During his identification with this com- 518 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY pany he learned a great deal about the business and at the end of a year in connection with his brother organized the Billing Artificial Stone Company. This venture has proven to be most profitable as the business of the company has increased in a most gratifying manner and they are now employing sixty men. They have been awarded some good contracts, among them being the cement work on the Henderson Lithograph Company's building as well as that of the Triumph Electric Company, all the reinforced concrete and cement work in connection with the Archbishop Henry Moeller residence and hundreds of other large contracts. On the 12th of February, 1906, Mr. Billing was united in marriage to Miss Magedelena Jacob, their union being solemnized in this city. Four children have been born of this marriage : Milton, Lilly, Waldron and Charlotte. The family affiliate with the Roman Catholic church, of which denomination the parents are communicants. Mr. Billing gives his support to the democratic party, although he has never taken an active part in politics. He is still a very young man but during the short period of his commercial activity has attained a position which would seem to assure his future success as a business man. WILLIAM C. BILES. William C. Biles was born at Quincy, Florida, on the 26th of October, 1857, his parents being Alexander and Hannah J. (Kingsbury) Biles, natives of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and of Lancaster, South Carolina, respectively. William C. Biles came to Cincinnati in 1884 and in the year 1891 associated himself with Godfrey Holterhoff, forming the firm of William C. Biles & Company, whisky commission merchants, at the northeast corner of Second and Main streets. They remained at that location for a number of years or until one of the floods forced them to find new quarters, when they located their business at No. 313 Vine street in the Burnet House block. From a small beginning Mr. Biles built up an extensive business, which grew and prospered until, before his death, he had established one of the largest concerns of this character in the country. John H. Finn, who had been an employe of William C. Biles & Company since a young lad, was given an interest in the firm and upon the death of Mr. Biles and Mr. Holterhoff succeeded to the business. Mr. Biles was a keen business man of much foresight, also a man of sterling integrity and of a kindly, courteous disposition which won for him the esteem and affection of a host of friends. On the 21st of June, 1888, William C. Biles was united in marriage to Miss Hannah M. Webb, a daughter .of. the late John Webb, Jr., who was one of Cincinnati's successful business men. Beyond trade circles Mr. Webb was widely known for the active work and deep interest he took in religious and philanthropic activities. For many years he maintained his residence in Mount Auburn, where he passed away in August, 1904, a venerable, respected and honored citizen. Mr. Biles was a member of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and was also active in movements to promote the welfare of the city. He was a member CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 521 of the Business Men's Club and the Cuvier Press Club. Becoming identified with Masonry he was a member of Kilwinning Lodge, No. 3, K. T. He was always a friend and protector of dumb animals and became one of the directors of the Ohio Humane Society and later one of the founders of the Hamilton County Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. For many years Mr. and Mrs. Biles spent the winter seasons at Homosassa, Florida, as he was very fond of hunting and fishing, being an expert with the rod and reel. He was a supporter and attendant of the Mount Auburn Presbyterian church and also a most generous patron of the Associated Charities and other philanthropic agencies. He lived at Mount Auburn and was residing there at the time of his demise, November 7, 1909. The death of William C. Biles in the prime of his life proved a great loss to the community, his business associates, friends and loved ones. The funeral services were held at his home, 2612 Eden avenue, in Mount Auburn, and he was laid to rest in Spring Grove cemetery. GUS A. WILLEY. Many lines of business have contributed to make Cincinnati the great industrial center of the Ohio valley and among the business interests of this character that of the P. R. Mitchell Company is prominent. Of this corporation Gus A. Willey is secretary and treasurer, having occupied his present position since 1893. He is also the vice president of the Brighton German Bank Company, being called to this office in the election of 1908. He is not a Cincinnatian by birth but is a native of Ohio, having been born in Columbus, in September, 1853. His parents were Charles G. A. and Ida Willey, the former a native of Germany, born July 26, 1834, Charles G. A. Willey was a youth of fifteen years when, in 1849, he crossed the Atlantic to the new world, settling near Columbus, Ohio. He was afterward engaged as a teacher of music and languages in a seminary there until 1855, when he became professor of German in the public schools of Cincinnati, his connection with the educational interests of this city continuing until 187o. He afterward gave private instruction in German, devoting the last ten years of his life to that work, his death occurring in 1880. Gus A. Willey pursued a public-school education to the age of fourteen years and then entered business life, becoming connected with A. D. Bullock & Company, manufacturers of bedding goods. His position was that of office boy and his salary was but two dollars per week. That he proved faithful and diligent is indicated by the fact that he was promoted from time to time until he reached the position of bookkeeper and salesman, serving in this capacity until 1893, when the business was sold to the P. R.' Mitchell Company. Mr. Willey was then elected secretary and treasurer of the company and has since been active in its management, his enterprise and progressive methods contributing in no small measure to the upbuilding of an enterprise that has now reached mammoth proportions. Its growth has been marvelous and its record is one upon which its officers can look with pardonable pride. Their feather plant at the 522 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY corner of Harrison and Spring Grove avenues is the outgrowth of a small department, which in the. early '8os occupied a single room seventeen by seventy-two feet. Today there is utilized for this department alone .a six-story building with a floor space of three and a half acres, equaling one hundred and fifty-five thousand square feet. This is by far the largest and best equipped feather plant of the country and the company has not only introduced the latest improved machinery but has also supplied lunch and reading rooms, lavatories and shower baths for the convenience of its employes. The sterilized curled hair plant on Queen City avenue covers five acres of ground and includes ten buildings ,fully equipped for handling and manufacturing hair, of which two million, five hundred thousand pounds are used each year. In addition to the Ciro cinnati plant, warehouses and offices are maintained in New York, occupying a four-story building with basement and sub-cellar at the corner of Canal and Mott streets. Here the company's immense line of plain, fancy and art tickings, denims, cretonnes, cambrics and other coverings are originated and designed and this business is in itself a vast one. The warehouse is also used as a distributing point for sending out the other products handled by the company. The most sanitary and scientific methods are used in the preparation of feathers and hair, and the plant includes a large printing department. The pillow-filling department has a capacity of six thousand pillows per day and the cushion department has turned out seventy-two hundred cushions in a single day. As an auxiliary interest the P. R. Mitchell Company owns the Queen City Feather Duster Company, the parent house beginning the manufacture of turkey feather dusters in 1902. The demand for their product has grown continuously and recent additions to this department have increased its capacity to one thousand dozen dusters per week. Progress has characterized the business from the outset. All that is new and latest in design and coloring is used in the manufacture of denims, cretonnes and tickings, and everything necessary for bedding goods is to be found in this establishment. Its ramifying trade interests have continuously broadened until they now cover a vast territory and the name of the P. R. Mitchell Company is known throughout the length and breadth of this land. On the 2d of September, 1879, Mr. Willey was united in marriage in Cincinnati to Miss Anna M. Tepe and they became parents of five children : Mrs. Grace M. Franz, of Cincinnati ; Frank W., twenty-four years of age, who is engineer for the Triumph Electric Company ; Mrs. Clara Bauer, and Mrs. Alice W. Taylor, both of this city ; and Ruth, who is attending the University of Cincinnati. Fraternally Mr. Willey is connected with Avon Lodge, F. & A. AI., and has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in the consistory. He also belongs to Syrian Temple of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is also connected with the Minor Association, the National Union and various other organizations and cooperates heartily with the work of the Business Men's Club. In politics he is independent, casting his ballot as his judgment dictates, and in religious faith he is a Presbyterian. His influence is always on the side of moral progress, reform and improvement and he cooperates also with many projects of value in the development and upbuilding of this city. His own career is representative of what may be accomplished when energy and ambition lead the way. He entered the establish- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 523 ment with which he is connected as office boy at a salary of two dollars per week and today is secretary and treasurer of a company which controls one of the mammoth concerns of the kind in America. Fortunate circumstances did not favor him in this connection. Labor, earnest, indefatigable labor, brought him to his present position, and wise and intelligent use of his opportunities have gained for him his present high and creditable standing in manufacturing circles of Cincinnati. REMY E. FIELD. Through much of his life, Remy E. Field has been connected with the investment and bond business and is now senior partner in the well known firm of Field, Longstreth & Company, bankers and brokers. He was born near Zanesville, Ohio, November 1, 1872, his parents being A. M. and Minerva (Chappelear) Field. The father's birth occurred in Culpeper county, Virginia, December 19, 1834. He was descended from New England ancestry, the family having been founded in Connecticut in early colonial days. The grandfather of Remy E. Field, however, was a native of Virginia, for the family home in the meantime had been established in the Old Dominion. When A. M. Field was a young man the family removed from Virginia to Ohio, settling first near Zanesville, where they became identified with agricultural pursuits. Throughout his life A. M. Field followed farming until the time of his retirement from active business. He now resides near. Hamilton, Ohio, upon a farm, but leaves the work and labors of the fields to others. His wife was born in the vicinity of Zanesville in the year 1839, her parents having settled in this state during the pioneer epoch in its history. Unto Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Field were born nine children, all of whom are living, with one exception. During the early boyhood of Remy E. Field his parents went to Kansas City and he there began his education, but after three years the family returned to Ohio, settling near Hamilton, and Remy Field completed his studies in Lebanon. He entered into active connection with business life as a book agent and was so successful in making sales, that he was accorded as a prize a trip to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. While there he secured employment with the Libby Glass Company, with which he remained until the fair closed, and he returned to Cincinnati: Here he secured a position. with F. Schultz & Company, dealers in glassware, with whom he remained for five years. On the 1st of July, 1898, he started with a local firm in the bond business and when the business was taken over by another company, he remained with the latter, continuing in that connection until the 1st of July, 1908, when he was joined by George B. Longstreth and A. H. Richards in organizing the present firm of Field, Longstreth & Company. They have splendidly equipped offices and the partners are young men who deserve great credit for their success. They specialize in municipal, railroad and corporation bonds and preferred stocks and have gained prominence in financial circles, their firm being recognized as one of the prominent concerns of the kind in Cincinnati. 524 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY On the 8th of November, 1899, R. E. Field was united in marriage to Miss Lillian Pullen, of Cincinnati, and they have two children : Richard P., who was born October 21, 1901 ; and Ann Margaret, born June 11, 1903. These children are of the fifth generation of a family in Cincinnati, as they are descendants of Joseph L. Hall, prominently known in connection with the Hall Safe Manufacturing Company. Mr. Field has a very wide acquaintance in club circles, holding membership with the Queen City, Country, Cuvier Press, Bankers and Golf Clubs, all of Cincinnati, the Dayton Club, of Dayton, Ohio, the Hamilton Club and the Indianapolis Club, of Indianapolis, Indiana. Such in brief is the life record of one whose advancement is attributable to his own efforts. He has made it his purpose to fully acquaint himself with everything bearing upon financial questions, especially the investment side of the business and thus he has been able to give to his clients the benefit 0f broad knowledge and efficient service. His reliability, energy and enterprise are salient features in the success which has made him a prominent representative of financial circles in Cincinnati. J. EDWARD SOHN. For more than half a century the Sohn family has been successfully identified with the brewery interests of Cincinnati. A representative of the family still connected with this business is J. Edward Sohn, president of the Schaller Brewing Company. He was born in the city on the 2d of November, 1858, being a son of the late J. G. and Barbara Sohn. The father emigrated to the United States from Windsheim, Bavaria, in 1842, locating in Cincinnati. He had been thoroughly trained in everything pertaining to brewing and was a most capable man and very soon after his arrival became one of the firm of Klotter & Company. He later acquired an interest in the business, which was operated under the name of J. G. Sohn & Company, after he became a controlling partner. It continued to be conducted under this name until his death which occurred on the 24th of October, 1876, when he was fifty-nine years of age. His wife survived until 1896, her demise occurring after she had passed the sixty-seventh anniversary of her birth. Both were laid to rest in St. John's German Protestant cemetery. Although he was ever loyal in matters of citizenship Mr. Sohn was unable to go to the front during the Civil war, as he had met with an accident .which necessitated the amputation of one of his legs. He always took an active interest in all church matters, and for many years was president of the governing board of St. John's German Protestant church. J. Edward Sohn was reared at home and at the usual age entered the public school which he continued to attend until he was sixteen years of age. He then withdrew from the high school and entered the Gundry Business College, where he pursued a commercial course. Later he became a clerk for B. G. Stall & Company, wholesale grocers, at that time the largest concern of the kind in the city. After he had obtained a fairly good practical knowledge of business methods he resigned his position and entered his father's brewery, then CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 527 under the management of his two brothers. He worked in all of the departments of the plant in order to thoroughly familiarize himself with every detail of the business. Upon attaining his majority he was given a third interest in the firm of J. G. Sohn & Company, the other two-thirds being the property of his brothers J. G. and William S. Upon the death of the former in 1880, J. Edward and his brother William S. acquired the other's interest and became sole owners of the plant. In 1900 J. Edward withdrew from the business, disposing of his interest to his brother, and sixty days thereafter he took over the management of the Schaller Brewing, Company, the oldest concern of the kind in the city, having been founded by J. Schneider in 1840. Cincinnati was the scene of the marriage of Mr. Sohn and Miss Amelia Herman on the 16th of March, 1881. Mrs. Sohn is a daughter of Fred Herman, who for many years was a successful cafe manager of this city. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Sohn : J. Edward, Jr., vice president of the Schaller Brewing Company and auditor of the German National Bank; Norma, who is a graduate of the Walnut Hills high school ; Erwin, a graduate of the Ohio State University, and a chemical engineer ; Erma, a graduate of the Walnut Hills high school; and Henry, who is attending high school. In 1909 Mr. Sohn was made president of the governing board of St. John's German Protestant church, in which he and his family hold membership. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic order in which he has attained high rank having taken the thirty-two degrees of the Scottish Rite and being a Knight Templar and member of the Shrine. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias. Public-spirited, Mr. Sohn has always taken an active interest in all matters pertaining to the development or advancement of the city and is a member of both the Business Men's Club and the Chamber of Commerce. He is also affiliated with the Cuvier Club. His business is located at Nos. 1622 to 1630 Main street, while the family residence is at 3303 Jefferson avenue. His success in life Mr. Sohn considers to be very largely due to his close observance of every detail of his business, but never to permit himself to become so absorbed in it that he neglected to keep in touch with his business associates socially. He has always striven to have regard for the ideas of others as well as their rights and by his affable nature and genial manner to make himself popular with those with whom hecame in contact, considering •that success in business as in society is oftentimes very much a matter of personality. J. H. CHARLES. SMITH. Such men as J. H. Charles Smith are not soon forgotten and although death has clplace in, leaving vacant his place,,in the business world, in social life and in the home, he is lovingly remembered and will be for years to come by those who were his associates. This is due to his strong personality, his ability and those attractive social qualities which won him friends, wherever he went. A native of Cincinnati, Mr. Smith was a son of Charles and Katharine (Huneke) Smith. His public-school course was supplemented by study in college and later he took up the study of law, having determined to make its 528 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY practice his life work. In due time he was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School and added the LL.B. degree to that of A. M., which had previously been conferred upon him. He at once opened an office and began practice. Later he removed to the Wiggins block, where he remained up to the time of his death. He had had charge of many assignments and of many estates, both local and foreign and was repeatedly appointed executor, administrator, guardian, assignee, trustee and referee. Every trust reposed .in him was faithfully and carefully executed and his splendid business ability and comprehensive understanding of the law enabled him to fulfill in the highest measure the obligations devolving upon him. He was also attorney for a large number of business firms and corporations and figured prominently in the courts in connection with important litigation. His preparation of a case was always thorough and exhaustive and he presented his point in a clear, logical manner, never failing to make a deep impression upon court and jury and seldom failing to win the verdict desired. He also had large experience as law writer for local papers and for law journals. He was the local editor for the Express Gazette and became widely known because of a series of law lectures delivered at the normal school, the Queen City Commercial College and the Young Men's Christian Association. Mr. Smith traveled extensively and constantly added to his large fund of information through the knowledge and experience which he gained in this land and abroad. Few men have higher appreciation and understanding of the duties and obligations of citizenship and he was never neglectful of any opportunity that would enable him to promote public progress. When but twenty-three years of age he was elected a member of the school board and at the close of his first term was renominated by the republicans, indorsed by the democrats and elected by a very large vote. For three years he was an active member of the board of examiners for the public schools and later. became a member of the public library board, serving for three years. He was likewise a member of the first committee to consider the establishment of the school of technology. He was one of the first to advocate a new library building in Washington Park and the first to urge the establishment of branch libraries in all of the suburbs. It was through his instrumentality also that the large library of classical music for circulation was purchased. He wished to put within the reach of the public all those agencies of literature, art and music that would broaden and cultivate the public mind and taste. Ever progressive when the case demanded, he became aggressive in his efforts to secure the adoption of a plan or project calculated for the public good. He was always abreast of his times in the work of improvement and in fact was usually a leader. At one time he was prominently spoken of as a candidate for a judgeship in Hamilton county. In fraternal and club circles Mr. Smith was also widely and favorably known. He attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in Masonry, has been lecturing knight of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and was chancellor and grand representative of the Knights of Pythias and president of its county relief committee. In the Ancient Essenic Order he was past excellent senator and also supreme attorney general. He belonged to the Young CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 529 Men's Blaine Club and to the Ohio Valley Club and in all of these different organizations he had many warm friends. Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Perlee Waterhouse, a daughter of Dr. J. P. and Hester (Hardin) Waterhouse. Her father was born in Maine. in 1825 and at the age of nineteen years began. teaching school. Mrs. Smith is a lineal descendant of Major General Joseph Cilley, of Revolutionary, war fame, and now holds membership with the Daughters of the American Revolution. She is a graduate of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware and has the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In his political views Mr. Smith was a stalwart republican and was tendered the nomination for state senator but declined. He ever kept well informed on the questions and issues of the day and was able to support his position by intelligent argument. He continued an active member of the Ohio Bar Association and of the United States Bar. Association until his death and in no walk of life was he held in higher regard than among his professional associates who recognized his ability as a lawyer and his worth as a man. He belonged to Trinity church and in him, in large measure, was found .the spirit of charity which led him to speak kindly to his fellowmen and to lend a helping hand, wherever aid was needed. In an extended search it would be difficult to find one, who better than J. H. Charles Smith gave substantial proof of the wisdom of Lincoln when he said "There is something better than making a living—making a life." With a realization of this truth he labored persistently and energetically not only to win success but to make his life .a source of benefit to his fellowmen. DELLIS CLIFTON KELLER. Dellis Clifton Keller, a representative of the Cincinnati bar, specializing in practice in the department of civil law, was born in Warren county, Ohio, August 11, 1869. His father, Michael. Keller, a native of Germany, was born April 21, 1837, and was a youth of eleven years when he crossed the broad Atlantic to the new world, becoming a resident of Warren county, Ohio, where he afterward learned and followed the blacksmith's trade. He was united in marriage to Mary E. Fryberger, who was born in that county, November 17, 1841. His death occurred in 1906, and that .of his wife in 1902. In their family were five children, of whom two died in infancy. Dellis C. Keller is the only surviving son. His sister Mella E. is the wife of Oscar Smith, a prominent business man of Fort Smith, Arkansas, who owns a large number of laundries situated at different points- throughout the west. The other sister, Maie R. Keller, became the wife of Carl D. Sutton, of Chillicothe, Ohio, who is connected with the operating department of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. Spending his boyhood days under the parental roof, Dellis C. Keller pursued his early education, in the common schools of Warren county and afterward attended the National Normal University, at Lebanon, Ohio, from which he was graduated with the class of 1886. Desirous 'of becoming a member of the bar, he began reading law in that year in the office and under the direction of 530 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Judge J. A. Runyan, of Lebanon. Following his removal to Cincinnati, he became connected with the government service in the postoffice, where he continued for six years and while so occupied he was matriculated in the Cincinnati Law School, in order that he might further prosecute his studies in preparation for the bar. He was graduated with the class of 1892, a few months after he had left the government service, and a year after his graduation he entered upon the active practice of law, in which he has since continued, confining his attention to civil practice. He has well appointed offices in the Bell building, with a good law library and, that his knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence is comprehensive and exact, is evidenced in the success which has . attended his efforts in the trial of cases before the courts. In addition to his professional interests he is secretary and treasurer of the Weatherhead Pharmacy Company. On the 19th of December, 1894, Mr. Keller was married in Cincinnati to Miss Mary Loretta Martin, a native of Brown county, Ohio, and a daughter of Alexander and Mary Agnes Martin, her father being a farmer and well known fancier of horses, having high-grade stock upon his place. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Keller in Lyleburn place, Clifton, is a hospitable one, and they have many friends in this city. Mr. Keller gives his political allegiance to the republican party, which he has supported since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. He holds membership in the Stamina League, the Business Men's Club and the Office Men's Club and has attained the Royal Arch degree in Masonry. He is not without interest in many vital and significant questions of the day and is especially active in the world-wide efforts to reduce the great mortality from tuberculosis, being secretary of the Cincinnati Antituberculosis League. He keeps well informed on all topics of general interest, manifests a public spirit in relation to duties of citizenship and at the same time, in his practice, is never neglectful of his professional duties, his devotion to his clients' interests being proverbial. WILLIAM C. LAWSON. For the past thirty years William C. Lawson has been connected with the F. H. Lawson Company. He has held various official positions in the company and is one of its directors. He is also connected with the Lawson Composite Stone Company, of which he was chosen president in 1908. He has since given his attention to administrative direction and his splendid executive force is manifest in his successful control of the undertaking. His advent in the world was made April 16, 1862, his parents being Franklin H. and Anna Lawson. The family is of English origin but has been represented in America through several generations, a complete record of the Lawson family appearing elsewhere in this volume. William C. Lawson was numbered among Cincinnati's successful business men who found in the educational system of Chickering Institute the impetus of a successful business life. He left that school in his seventeenth year and became connected with the F. H. Lawson Company. The thoroughness with CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 531 which he mastered the different tasks assigned him, led to his election for larger responsibilities and he was made treasurer and buyer and also was given charge of the sales department. He is still a director of this concern with which he has been connected for over thirty years. He has other business interests, however, having in 1908 been elected to the presidency of the Lawson Composite Stone Company, of which he remains the chief executive officer. On the 28th of April, 1886, in Cincinnati, Mr. Lawson was married to Miss Margo Henry, a daughter of John and Margaret Henry. Her father who was a member of the firm of Poland & Henry, wholesale grocers, came from Ireland to the new world about 1810 and died in. 1879. His widow still survives and resides in Cincinnati. Mr. and Mrs. Lawson are the parents of three daughters : Lucille, the wife of. Thorne Baker, a son of Charles Baker, attorney at law of the firm of Baker & Baker ; Marjorie and Dorothy, who like their sister, Mrs. Baker, completed their education in Paris, France. Mr. Lawson is a republican interested in the success of the party to the extent of giving his support to its men and measures but never seeking office for himself. He is prominent in Masonry, however, taking the Knight Templar and Consistory degrees, and also holds membership with the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of the Maccabees and the Cincinnati Business Men's Club. He now resides at the Monroe Hotel on Seventh, between Vine and Race streets. That many of his stanchest friends are those, who have known him from his boyhood to the present time, is an indication that his record has ever been an honorable and upright one. In his business career he had the benefit of training in connection with a business long since established and of a name that for years has been synonymous with reliability and progressiveness in manufacturing circles, yet reputation and even an established. business are but. a starting point for the individual who must depend upon his own efforts and the improvement of opportunities which surround him for his advancement. This William C. Lawson has done and is now meeting with substantial success in his labors. CHARLES J. MEAKIN. Charles J. Meakin is prominently and successfully engaged in the manufacture and sale of confectionery and ice cream, in which connection he is at the head of an important business that was established about 1881 and is situated on Baymiller street near Court. The founders of the enterprise were his mother and his sister and the business was conducted under the name of the mother, S. A. Meakin, until 1886, when Charles J. Meakin became a factor in the undertaking and the firm name was changed to its present style. Mr. Meakin was born in 1863, a son of Lewis H. and Sarah Ann (Keats) :Makin. The father was born in Burslem, England, and the mother near Liverpool. They were married in that country and several children were born unto them ere their emigration to the new world. They crossed the Atlantic to Canada, in 1861, and remained in that country for two years, after which they came to Cincinnati. The father was at one time proprietor of a china store at 532 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Covington, Kentucky, but was not actively engaged in business for some years prior to his death. Charles J. Meakin was born six months after the arrival of his parents in Cincinnati and was educated in the public schools of this city, after which he took up the business of house painting and decorating: He turned from this, however, to become identified with the confectionary business which was established on a small scale and grew gradually until it has now assumed extensive proportions. The company now owns five stores in addition to a wholesale establishment and is extensively engaged in the manufacture of ice cream. They sell mostly to the city trade and employ on an average of from thirty-five to forty people. Their plant is equipped with the latest and most improved machinery and the excellence of their product insures a continuous and gratifying trade. Mr. Meakin was married in 1893 to Miss Laura Blumenbach, of Cincinnati, and unto them have been born three children, Charles J., and Helen and Harry, twins. The parents are members of the Church of the Advent and .Air. Meakin belongs to the Commercial Association. He had no special advantages at the outset of his career but has worked his way steadily upward, utilizing his qualities of industry, perseverance and determination which are invaluable factors in success. PERRY XAVIER JACOBS, M. D. Dr. Perry Xavier Jacobs, physician and surgeon, for twelve years has engaged in the practice of his profession, being found at his present location, No. 2511 Ohio avenue, Cincinnati, since 1900. He was born in Violet, this state, November 5, 1872, his parents being Peter and Mary- (Hierholzer) Jacobs. The father was a native of Canal Dover and died at the age of thirty-nine. years. His education was completed by graduation from St. Mary's College at Dayton, Ohio, after which he entered upon the profession of teaching, which he followed very successfully until his life's labors were ended in death. He came of a family of French origin, representatives of the name seeking refuge in America at the time of the Jacobin troubles in France. Dr. Jacobs was a pupil in the public and high schools of his native town and also pursued his education for a. time under private instruction. The early death of his father left him in limited financial circumstances and he worked in various ways until he could secure a sum of money sufficient to enable him to pursue a college course, for it was his desire to direct his energies and efforts into those channels wherein are demanded keen intellectuality and thorough training. At length his industry and careful expenditure made it possible for him to pursue a course in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, from which he was graduated in the spring of 1899. He at once began practice, opening an office on Broadway, but the following year removed to his present location, where he has a well appointed office, supplied with many of the modern equipments which are valuable forces. in the treatment of disease. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 535 Dr. Jacobs was married in 1900 to Miss Clara P. Harrison, of Cincinnati, and they have many friends here. The social life of Dr. Jacobs, however, is somewhat curtailed by the increasing professional demands made upon him. He is a member of the Ohio-Miami Alumni Association, is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the West End Medical Society and the McDowell Medical Society. He thus keeps in touch with the advanced thought and work of the profession and at all times is interested in anything which tends to bring to man the key to the complex mystery which we call life. He is kindly in his opinions regarding fellow practitioners, is faithful in his performance of all professional service and by reason of his close application and wide study is continually working his way upward. CHARLES B. SMITH. The starch business has engaged the entire attention of Charles B. Smith, president of The Charles B. Smith Company, for the past thirty-five years. He was born in Lebanon, Warren county, Ohio, on the 18th of September, 1859, and is a son of Isaac Smith, who for many years was successfully identified with the commercial interests of Lebanon. The father was born in Milford, Ohio, in 1828, but in his early manhood he removed to Warren county, engaging in the general mercantile business in Lebanon until his retirement, in 1885. For his wife he chose Miss Sarah S. Bone, a daughter of John R. Bone, who for many years was county auditor. The responsibilities of life were early assumed by Charles B. Smith, who attended the public schools in his native town until he was fourteen, when he entered his father's store, where he performed various duties, such as a boy of that age is qualified to discharge, his education being continued in the night school. When he was old enough to begin for himself, he embarked in the jewelry business in Lebanon, continuing therein for seven years. Disposing of his interests at the end of that time he became identified with the George Fox Starch Company, remaining in their service until they sold the business to the National Starch Company. He then became identified as a salesman for that company, being in their employ for about nine years when he severed his connections with them and again engaged in the starch business for himself. Having become familiar with the starch trade and having a thorough knowledge of the industry, Mr. Smith saw in it an excellent opportunity to make lucrative returns, and decided to engaged in the business on his own responsibility. He started a small plant in Cincinnati that he operated with excellent success for two years, his returns being in every way commensurate with his expectations. At the expiration of that time he incorporated the business and removed to larger quarters on Winton place. Here they continued operations for two years, when they suspended, closing their doors in September, 1909. As soon as he was able to adjust his affairs, Mr. Smith started the plant he is still connected with, the enterprise being conducted under the firm name of The Charles B. Smith Company. Mr. Smith is president of the company ; Heinrich Fischer, vice president ; and Henry J. Huller, secretary and treasurer. Vol. IV--27 536 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Their success has been steady and of healthful growth, even if not phenomenal and they have met with a goodly degree of prosperity during the brief period of their existence. Their trade is constantly increasing, and of a permanent nature and there is an appreciable increase in their receipts. They are capable and enterprising men and are expending their best energies in the development o an industry, that gives every promise of proving the success their expectation lead them to believe. Mr. Smith's long connection with the trade well qualifie him to understand all of the requirements of the business, and as he has fo many years made a study of the essential needs of the laundry business he is well fitted to meet any obstacle that may arise in the operation of their plant. They are producing a superior article of merit, that according to the various indorsements they have received, is exactly what it is represented to be. At the present time they are producing but the one article, a power laundry starch that is rapidly becoming introduced to the general trade. Mr. Smith married Miss Melia Dial, a daughter of William R. Dial, a confectioner and baker of Franklin, Ohio, and unto them were born two children, both of whom died in infancy. Fraternally Mr. Smith is a Mason, being a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, No. 55, Franklin, Ohio, aCommanderyelongs to Lebanon Cornmandery, No. 52, K. T. He holds membership in the Laundrymen's Allied Trades Club of Cincinnati, thus keeping in touch with those who are connected with his line of business, while politically he is a republican. Public affairs have never engaged his attention to any marked extent, however, as he has always devoted his energies to the development of his private interests. HARRY JOHN PLOGSTEDT. Harry John Plogstedt, secretary and treasurer of the Security Savings Bank & Safe Deposit Company, of Cincinnati, made his start in the business world as an office boy when but fourteen years of age. His record is such a one as many might be proud to possess, for it has been characterized by loyalty to duty and capability in the performance of the various tasks that have devolved upon him. His growing fitness for added responsibilities has brought him at length to his present prominent connection with financial interests in Cincinnati, his native city. He was born August 8, 1872, a son of Frederick and Marie (Nordmann) Plogstedt, both of whom were natives of Hanover, Germany, the former born in 1829 and the latter in 1832. The father was a mechanic by trade and in the year in which he attained his majority, became a resident of Cincinnati. By a strict observance of the principles of good citizenship, diligence and frugality, both Mr. .and Mrs. Plogstedt did their. part in the early development of this city. The father died in 1886 and the mother in 1896. They were the parents of eight children, of whom five are yet living: George R., who is connected With the Citizens National Bank ; Louise A. and Sophia, both at home ; Edward II., of Cincinnati ; and Harry J. The last named pursued his education in the Cincinnati public schools but feeling it necessary to provide for his own support, left school at the age of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 537 fourteen years and sought employment, which he found with King, Thompson,. Richards & Thompson, attorneys, entering their service as office boy in 1886. He continued with them for a year and a half and, in 1887, went to the Northern Bank of Kentucky, in Covington, where he remained for two and a half years. In 1889 he entered the employ of the Citizens National Bank, of Cincinnati, starting as a utility clerk and all around man. This brought him broad and varied experience in connection with banking and qualified him for the duties which later devolved upon him when his ability and trustworthiness won him promotion. He continued with that bank for fifteen years, or until 1904, when his cooperation was sought by the Security Savings Bank & Safe Deposit Company, with which he has since been connected in the capacity of secretary and treasurer. In this connection he has become widely known in financial circles in the city and enjoys the admiration and respect of colleagues and contemporaries. On the 11th of March, 1902, in Cincinnati, Mr. Plogstedt was married to Miss Lillian Stallo Tyler, a daughter of John and Clara Belle (Stallo) Tyler, the former an attorney, now deceased. Mrs. Plogstedt was born in Milford, Ohio. She is considered one of the foremost musicians of the city and as an accompanist ranks with the best in the country. She belongs to that branch of the Virginia Tylers, of which President Tyler was a representative. Mr. Plogstedt is a member of Norwood Lodge, No. 576, F. & A. M., of which he is a past master. He is likewise a member of the Cincinnati Golf Club and finds rest and recreation as well as interest on the links. An analyzation of his life work indicates that his advancement has been made not so much by the possession of unusual qualities but rather through the harmonious union of characteristics which any might possess and cultivate. He has ever striven earnestly to reach the goal before him, recognizing at all times that "there is no royal road to wealth." He places his dependence in the substantial qualities of determination and persistency of purpose, which have at length brought him to a position among the substantial residents of his native city. JOHN J. GILLIGAN. John J. Gilligan, the owner of a well known undertaking establishment in Cincinnati, is a native resident of this city, born July 1, 1866. His father, Patrick Gilligan, was a native of Ireland and came to Cincinnati in the year 1857, where for several years he was engaged in the livery business. Later he, together with a Mr. Mulvihill established an undertaking establishment, which was known as Mulvihill & Gilligan. Later Mr. Gilligan purchased the interests of Mr. Mulvihill and conducted the business, together with his two sons Andrew E. and John J., of this review, until I903, when he passed away in July of that year. John J. Gilligan received his education in St. Xavier College and on leaving school, together with his brother Andrew, entered his father's undertaking establishment, where he has since remained. In February, 1903, the brother Andrew died and the father passing away the following July, John, J. Gilligan became 538 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the entire owner of the business. The patronage of this establishment has ever been very extensive. Mr. Gilligan wedded Miss Mary Cain, the daughter of Henry and Marie Cain, of this city. Her father, who for thirty-five years was engaged in the oyster, fish and game business, is now retired. To Mr. and Mrs. Gilligan have been born three children, Henry J., Mary E., and John J. Fraternally Mr. Gilligan is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and of the Eagle Aerie. Also he is identified with the Knights of Columbus and belongs to the Business Men's Club. He is affiliated with the Catholic church, and in all his business and social relations, he has ever been true to high and honorable principles and he is a well known and greatly respected citizen of Cincinnati, where he has always made his home. His record is indeed a commendable one, and he has ever displayed an unfailing courtesy and genial cordiality that have won for him many friends. HENRY MUHLHAUSER, JR. Henry Muhlhauser, Jr., treasurer of the Windisch-Muhlhauser Brewing Company, with offices and plant at the southwest corner of Plum and Liberty streets, has occupied this position since 1882 and has taken an active part in the successful management of this business. He was born in this city, February 28, 1859, and is a son of Gottlieb and Christina G. (Windisch) Muhlhauser. A sketch of the father appears on another page of this work. Henry Muhlhauser, Jr., acquired his early education in the public schools and afterward entered Chickering Institute. Later he became a student in the Faber & Langdale Business College on Fifth and Walnut streets, where he obtained a diploma, completing his course there when in his eighteenth year. Immediately afterward he entered the brewery as an employe. He early came to regard industry and determination as the basis of success and, placing his dependence upon those qualities, worked his way upward through different departments, thus gaining a thorough knowledge of the business in its different phases. At the incorporation, in 1882, he was elected treasurer of the company and has held this position continuously since. This is a close corporation and Mr. Muhlhauser is one of the directors. The recognition of his business ability led his cooperation to be sought in other directions and for twelve years he was a director of the Western German Bank but resigned that position on account of the demands of his private business affairs. He has been treasurer of the Cincinnati, Covington & Newport Exchange and was also treasurer of the Brewers Board of Trade, which resulted from a reorganization of the Exchange. Mr. Muhlhauser exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the republican party and to him citizenship is more than an idle term. He stands for the principles that he believes to be right and never falters in his allegiance to the party which he has espoused. He belongs to the Blaine, Club and for many years has been a member of the Chamber of Commerce, interested in its various projects for the promotion of the public good. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 539 In Cincinnati, in October, 1881, Mr. Muhlhauser was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Slimer, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Slimer, both of whom are now deceased, their remains having been interred in the Spring Grove cemetery. Her father was one of the early butchers and pork packers of this city and was closely connected with that line of business. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Muhlhauser have been born two sons and two daughters : G. Clifford, who was a student in the Franklin school and is now a ranch owner in Colorado ; Edna M., a graduate of the Bartholomew-Clifton school of Cincinnati and also of Miss Mason's school, the Castle, at Tarrytown, New York ; Edith Vera, a graduate of the H. Thane Miller school of Avondale and also of Miss Mason's school at Tarrytown ; and Harold G., who was at one time a student in the Franklin school and is now assisting his father. The family reside at the corner of Reading road and Avondale avenue, where Mr. Muhlhauser has an attractive home. In a review of his life we note that his has been a successful career—a fact which may be attributed to his close application to business. He has never allowed outside interests to interfere but has put forth efforts so untiringly and persistently that obstacles in his path have given way before his energy and determination and he is now an interested and active partner in a profitable productive industry. GEORGE B. LONGSTRETH. Among the young men who are winning prominence in financial fields, George B. Longstreth is numbered, being a member of the firm of Field, Longstreth & Company, bankers and brokers of Cincinnati. He was born in Columbus, July 3, 1874. His father, Thaddeus Longstreth, was a native of Lebanon, Ohio, and for many years was well known as a prominent coal operator, with headquarters at Columbus, Ohio, connected with the Hocking Valley Railroad. At one time he was known as the largest individual operator in coal in Ohio. The extent of his business brought him a wide acquaintance and his activities contributed largely to the industrial and commercial development of this part of the country. He died in 1903 but is still survived by his widow, who bore the maiden name of Julia Brown, and was born in Lebanon, Ohio. She belonged to one of the early families of that part of the state and now makes her home in Columbus. The family were residents of the capital city at the time of the birth of George B. Longstreth, who pursued his education in the schools there and also at Lawrenceville, New Jersey, and at Worcester Polytechnic Institute of Massachusetts. With the completion of his education he turned to the field of business to find opportunity which would not only afford him a living but would lead to advancement. He first entered the Hocking Valley shops at Columbus, Ohio, as machinist's apprentice and at one time was employed as a fireman on the railroad. He was also connected with different railroads in the capacity of machinist and his gradually increasing ability and skill won him promotion to the position of superintendent of motive power, but in 1906 he left the railroad service to accept the position of mechanical manager of the Scullin-Gallagher 540 - CINCINNATI-THE QUEEN CITY Iron & Steel Company, of St. Louis, with which he continued until July 1, 1908. It was on that date that the organization of the present firm of Field, Lon streth & Company was perfected, for the conduct of 'a private banking an brokerage business, with offices in the Union Trust building of Cincinnati. His partners are R. E. Field and A. H. Richards, and they are doing an extensive business as investment bankers and dealers in bonds. From the outset the new company prospered and is today one of the most prominent operating in this field in southern Ohio. On the 21st of November, 1906, Mr. Longstreth was united in marriage to Miss Anna M. Pullen, a native of Cincinnati, and unto them have been born two children, George B. and Thaddeus. While Mr. Longstreth has been a resident of Cincinnati for only three years, he has established himself not only in an enviable position in financial circles, but in social circles as well: He now belongs to the Queen City Club, the Country Club, the Cincinnati Golf Club and the Cuvier Press Club. In Masonry he has attained high rank and is now a member of the Knight Templar commandery at Nashville, Tennessee, of Trinity Consistory, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and to the Mystic Shrine. The steps in his orderly progression are easily discernible. He has made good use of time and opportunities and has never regarded any position as final but rather as the starting point for the attainment of something better. Success—the merited reward of labor—is now his and he is widely recognized as a prominent representative of financial interests in Cincinnati. EDWARD B. RICHTER.  Edward B. Richter, president of The Richter Company, which has been founded over forty years, was born in Cincinnati on the loth of December, 1872, and is a son of Joseph and Elizabeth Richter. The father, who was also a native of Cincinnati was a veteran of the Civil war. He enlisted as a private in the Eighty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, going to the front where he served for three years and was mustered out with the rank of sergeant. In 1870 he engaged, in the manufacture of plumbers', gas and steamfitters' brass goods, Continuing to operate his plant until the 1st of January, 1897, when he retired from business and is now residing at Mount Auburn. The boyhood and youth of Edward B. Richter were very similar to those of the. average American lad, his education being acquired in St. Paul's parochial school, which he attended until he was twelve years of age.' Terminating his studies he entered his father's office, for the purpose of familiarizing himself with the business. He applied himself with zeal, mastering every detail of the various departments, and during one year he also attended night school at The Queen City Business College, thus perfecting himself in bookkeeping. In 1910 the 'business was incorporated under the name of The Richter Company, the firm including the following: Edward B. and John H. Richter, Vincent G. Ruthemeyer, Charles H., Louis A., and Joseph A. Richter. The business has developed steadily but permanently, the scope of their activities extending until CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 543 they now ship some goods to far off China. The quality, durability and workmanship of their products can not be excelled and they were awarded the highest diploma at the Ohio Valley Exposition. Their plant, which is located at 210-214 East Ninth avenue, occupies five floors, with a total space of fifteen thousand square feet, while they give employment to fifty people. His political support Mr. Richter gives to the candidates of the republican party, but he has never been an aspirant to office, giving hdevelopmentd attention to the developMent of his personal interests, in the direction of which he is. meeting with such excellent results. He, too, is a resident of Mount Auburn, and is now living at 248 Albion place. ARTHUR STEM. For more than a third of a century Arthur Stem has engaged successfully in the practice of law at Cincinnati and the high position he has attained in a profession, which calls for the best talent of the country, is evidence of his conscientious application and ability. He was born in this city, July 29, 1849, a son of. Mathias and Louise (Gardner) Stem. The father was of Hollandish descent, the ancestors of the family on the paternal side having come to this country in the seventeenth century. He was a well known merchant of Cincinnati and also served for four years as subtreasurer of the United States in this city. He died in 1891 and his wife passed away the year following. Mr. Stem, whose name stands at the head of this review, received his preliminary education in a private school. at Springfield, Ohio. He matriculated at Yale University when he was twenty-one years of age and after studying for a year. at that institution he continued his studies abroad. Upon returning home he entered the Cincinnati Law School and after pursuing the regular course was graduated in 1875, with the degree of LL. B. On January 1, 1876, he began practice with the firm of Hatch & Parkinson, which four years later became Hatch & Stem. In 1881 the title was changed to Stem & Peck and in 1890 to Stem & Allen. From 1904 to, 1908 the title of the firm was Stem, Heidman & Mehlhope. Since the date last named Mr. Stem has practiced alone. He has from the start devoted his attention to patent law in the United States courts and has shown special qualifications in this department so that he is today regarded as one of the leading patent lawyers of the United States. He is an interesting speaker, a clear reasoner and has been successful in many highly important cases which have been placed in his hands, a number of them having been carried to the su1881e court at Washington. In 1881 Mr. Stem was married, at Cincinnati, to Miss Emily McAlpin, who died in 1890 and is buried in Spring Grove cemetery. In 1895 he was again married, the lady of his choice being Miss Mary Halstead, a daughter of Murat and Mary (Banks) Halstead. The father was for forty years editor of the Cincinnati Commercial and was one of the greatest newspaper writers America. has known. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Stem: Mary Halstead and Clarissa Halstead, both of whom are attending school. 544 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Mr. Stem resides at the Country Club, Walnut Hills. He is prominently identified with social organizations and is a member of the Queen City Club, the Cincinnati Country Club, the Pillars, the Cincinnati Golf Club and was one of the organizers of the University Club and the Yale Club. On account of his genial qualities he can claim many friends who recognize in him the sterling characteristics that make the successful professional or business man, the useful citizen and the true gentleman. MRS. MARY C. SHERWOOD. Mrs. Mary C. Sherwood, the proprietor of the Hotel Walnut in Cincinnati, is well known throughout this city for her successful work in the hotel business. She was born in Pomeroy, Ohio, June 8, 1839, her parents being James and Nancy (Hoyt) Radford, who were married February 7, 1838. Her grandfather, William Radford, was the head of one of the four families,—the Radfords, Ashworths, Carltons and Fosters—who came from Ireland in 181o, settling in Ohio, where each took up a section of land joining the other. Some of the descendants of each family reside on each of the homesteads today. Her father, James Radford, was a pioneer in Pomeroy and helped to build the first frame house there. When his daughter, Mary, who is now Mrs. Sherwood of this review, was eight years of age, he bought a large farm one mile from the town of Pomeroy, where he and his family resided until his death, in 1866. The mother, Nancy Hoyt Radford, was a descendant of the Hoyt family of Vermont of Revolutionary fame. Mary C. (Radford) Sherwood being only eight years of age when her father removed to the farm, received her early education in the schools of the neighborhood. In 1849, when she was ten years of age, an academy was started in Pomeroy, which was greatly appreciated by those who desired a more thorough education than was offered by the common schools at that time, as there was then no high school system in Ohio. Mrs. Sherwood always being an ambitious person, accordingly entered the Pomeroy Academy, where she remained as student for three years, and was graduated from that institution in May, 1858. She then taught school most of the time until her marriage, her teaching being in the country, where she received as a compensation two dollars and fifty cents per week and board, which meant spending in rotation one week with each of the families in the neighborhood. In August, 1862, Mary C. Radford wedded John W. Sherwood; who for several years was engaged in steam-boating, which was then a very remunerative business. They purchased a home in Mason, which was just across the river from Pomeroy. The Civil war was then at its most critical period, and Mr. Sherwood, who was with General Grant on the Mississippi, was only able to visit his home at long intervals and then for only a short time. Mrs. Sherwood being left alone for so much of her time, was persuaded by some of the citizens at Mason to open a private school, as there were no free schools in Virginia at that date. She taught school there for some time, and many of her pupils are still living in that town, being now grandfathers and grandmothers. At the close CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 545 of the war Mr. and Mrs. Sherwood sold their property in Mason and moved to Covington, Kentucky, where from that time until his death, Mr. Sherwood was in partnership in the steam-boating business with Captain Val P. Collins, of Covington. Mr. Sherwood passed away in 1879. When Mrs. Sherwood was left alone she had a small income, though not sufficient to keep her, and being a practical woman she decided to start out in life in some business for herself. Accordingly she came to Cincinnati, where she secured the fine homestead of the Lotz family on East Ninth street, near Vine, where she opened a rooming house. From the very start she was successful and she continued in this rooming house for six years. She was then asked by Mr. Thomas Emery to take charge of the Queen City Hotel on Race street, but feeling that that was too large an undertaking for her alone, she hesitated for some time, but was finally induced by him to take charge. Accordingly she leased this hotel for five years, and met with so much prosperity that at the expiration of her lease she again closed a contract for five more years. She here gained the reputation that has made her famous and popular with the traveling public as an extremely successful woman in the hotel business. From the very start of her work she kept no hotel clerk, but attended the office herself, keeping the books, and besides overseeing the entire house, daily filling the place of proprietor, manager and clerk. She has entertained members of the most important organizations that have met in Cincinnati. In 1888, in the second year of her work in the Queen City Hotel, the supreme lodge of the world's Knights of Pythias, held their conclave in Cincinnati, and throughout that entire time her house was filled with its most important members. Shortly afterward one of that organization's most prominent papers had quite a lengthy article in its columns, paying Mrs. Sherwood high compliments on the splendid treatment they had received from her hands. On July 4, of that same year, the centennial exhibition of the Ohio Valley and central states was opened at Cincinnati and lasted three months, and during this entire time Mrs. Sherwood's hotel was filled to overflowing. From that time on Mrs. Sherwood has had the name of a successful hotel proprietor, and her prosperity thereafter was great. After ten years of work as proprietor of the Queen City Hotel, Mrs. Sherwood sold out her interests and went to Atlantic City, New Jersey, where she remained only one year. On returning to Cincinnati she took charge of the Sherwood Hotel, which was then just completed, and managed the same most ably for five years. In July, 1906, she leased the Hotel Walnut, of which she now has charge. Mr. Marshalman, her manager, and now her partner in the business, has been with her since he was eight. years of age. Mrs. Sherwood is now continuing with excellent success and is keeping up her good reputation, which she considers to be the leading factor in her business. Mrs. Sherwood is an ardent believer in woman suffrage and she has been a delegate, four years in succession, to the national convention of Suffrage Clubs from the state of Ohio. She is a member of several clubs in Cincinnati, in many of which she has held the position of president. She is now vice president of the Harriet Taylor Upton Study Club. She is a great reader and never retires until she has read her four daily papers. She is a very busy woman, feeling, as she says that it is better to wear out than to rust out." She contributes much of her success in the hotel business to the encouragement and advice which she 546 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY received from Mr. Thomas Emery, who was her landlord for several years and Who placed her on the larger plane of the hotel business. Today she is considered one of the best lady hotel managers in this section of the country and her success is largely attributed to her broad business insight, her comprehensive grasp of all the details of good hotel keeping, and her persistence and untiring energy. Her motto has always been, whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well, and with this fact in mind she has undoubtedly made an eminent success in both the social and business world. JOSEPH RICHTER. Joseph Richter is now living retired but was long identified with industrial interests in Cincinnati, his native city. He was born November 9, 1843, a son of John Henry and Anna M. (Meyer) Richter, both of whom were natives of New Church, Germany. The father, who for many years was in the employ of the Rogers Salt Company, died at the age of seventy-seven years and three months. Joseph Richter was educated in the St. Paul's Catholic School of Cincinnati and was among the first to enter the school of the Rev. Joseph Ferneding, who later built the church of which he was vicar-general, thus continuing until his nephew was old enough to take charge of the congregation. He then assisted in organizing the Catholic Orphans Home of Bond Hill. After leaving school Joseph Richter was employed in connection with the smoked meat trade and afterward secured a position in the brass foundry of John Ruthven, with whom he remained for five and a half years or until the time of his enlistment for service in the Civil war. He was not yet nineteen years of age when in 1862 he enlisted in Company F, Eighty-third Ohio -Volunteer Infantry, and his military experience included some very exciting times and thrilling adventures. The regiment was first engaged in hunting Kirby Smith in the vicinity of Covington, Kentucky, and afterward marched on foot to Louisville, where they boarded a steamer, Maria Denning, for Memphis, Tennessee. There they camped for a time and afterward went by boat to Vicksburg with Sherman and later to Arkansas Post in 1863. The Union troops captured the post and then at night boarded a boat and proceeded to Morganza Bend, where they patroled the river. Later they helped dig the Grant canal from Youngs Point to Warrentown and Mr. Richter was on the first steamer that went through the ,canal. It was a stern wheeler and in making the trip got. stranded. Mr. Richter was then put on a plank and thus went ashore in order to fasten a rope around a tree, after which the boat went down the canal backward. He accomplished his task while the bullets were falling thick and fast around him, the guerrillas attempting thus to get his life. The Union troops landed at Warrentown and the next day Mr. Richter participated with his command in the fight of Champion's Hill and later proceeded to Black River Bridge. The fighting there continued three days, during which they took the bridge. This was burned by the Confederates, so as to keep their men from running away. Even then some jumped in the river and the Union troops had CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 549 to rescue them. They placed an eighteen-pound gun on a flat car, loaded it with scrap iron and shot it over into the Union camp after' the fight was won, but General Burbridge, of Kentucky, took a six-pound gun and put a shell right into the muzzle of their eighteen-pound gun, thus putting it out of commission for all time. A pontoon bridge was then built across Black river and a few days later the troops went to Vicksburg, where they remained until the surrender on the 4th of July. Subsequently the regiment assisted at the fall of Jackson and then again went to Vicksburg and afterward to Baton Rouge, where they did guard duty for some time. They were next sent to New Iberia and to Carrion Creek Bayou, but the Confederates came in the evening and drove them out of camp. Mr. Richter assisted the paymaster in getting the safe on the ambulance and thus saved the money. That night he took five ambulances with seventeen wounded soldiers and seventeen guards across the country to New. Iberia. The officer who was to have gone failed to show up so that Mr. Richter was placed in command, and when about half of the journey had been accomplished they were attacked by guerrillas. Mr. Richter gave the command that all the men should lie quiet until he fired the first shot and then open up. There were two volleys fired so that the attacking party thought there must be reserves near and fled. Mr. Richter then ordered the drivers to whip up the horses and get away as fast as possible, arriving at 11:00 P. M., at a hospital which had been opened in a Catholic church just under roof. He had to find the surgeon and was then notified of his promotion to the position of assistant surgeon. He declined the promotion, however, leaving one of the corporals to fill the office while he returned to the regiment, as he had enlisted to engage only in the fighting. He was in all of the moves made by his command in the marches and in the battles in which his regiment participated, and is now in possession of a well written story of his army life, telling where and with whom he was. He has every reason to be proud of his record as a Union soldier as it was characterized by unfaltering loyalty and bravery in the face of danger. Following his return from the war in 1865 Mr. Richter entered the employ of Fred Lunkenheimer on Seventh street, between Sycamore and Main streets. After three years he entered the employ of William Powell and in 1870 embarked in business on his own account in the brass and plumber's supply business, manufacturing brass goods in the rear of No. 824 Main street. A year later he removed to Eighth street, near Main, and admitted to partnership G. H. Merkel, the father of the partners representing the firm of Merkel Brothers Company. Later on the business was removed to the south side of Ninth avenue, between Main and Sycamore streets. After ten years the partnership was dissolved and the members began business on their own account. Subsequently, however, Mr. Richter was joined by Albert W. Fuhrmann, with whom he continued for about five years. In 1885 he erected a new factory at Nos. 210, 212 and 214 East Ninth avenue, where his sons still carry on the business. At present he is living retired while his sons, John H., Edward B., Joseph A., Louis A. and Charles H. Richter, conduct the business under the' name of the Richter Company. Close attention and unremitting energy constitute the basis of his advancement. He bought his metal for making his product when the market was low and from the outset the business was successful, paying him a good profit. Work—earnest, indefatigable work—was the foundation of his success and he now well merits his retirement.