(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 175 Henry Wickhaus, John Rothan, William Redrow, William Rich, Joseph Retz, Joseph Romanowitz, Joseph Schultz, Christopher Sprasser, Robert Thompson, Americus Wilson, Christopher Zehender. COMPANY D. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Charles S. Hays. First Lieutenant Samuel Warmsley. Second Lieutenant William Jessup. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Andrew Gilberg. Quartermaster Sergeant Thomas A. Lemmon. Sergeant C. L. Burnell. Sergeant John Penny. Sergeant A. B. Warmsley. Sergeant Robert Winnings. Corporal Aaron B. Guard. Corporal Nathan Long. Corporal Charles Richter. Corporal Isaac D. Bolander. Corporal James D. Hannegan. Corporal Isaac Scott. Bugler John M. Robinson. Bugler Silas S. Hayes. Farrier James J. Kely. Farrier George Werner. Farrier Hugh Gordon. Saddler Henry Burkhardt. Wagoner Frederick Eppert. PRIVATES. Thomas Atkins, C. Bishop, Michael F. Bright, John S. Bowles, William Bingle, John Brobst, Joseph Broos, George Burnell, Thomas W. Butts, James Crawford, Peter M. Clouse, Jacob M. Clouse, John Colvin, Aaron Davis, Henry Dormann, Jacob H. Gilberg, George Green, Charles C. Hayes, „Joseph H. Hayes, Joseph Hooper, Arthur Hills, Patriek Haggerty, John C. Helmick, Henry H. Jones, Bruce Kean, George Kean, 'John H. King, Edward Ladd, Margina Lapish, John Lowry, M. H. MeFarland, John MeLean, Isaac McLean, John Marrinet', James H. Miller, John H. Penny, Richard Penny, Michael Rierdan, William S. Reagan, Turner Stuart, Elijah Squires, Thomas R. Stevens, John Scriber, Lorenzo D. Tanner, John L. Wright, Lewis Wingert, August Winters, Nicholas Wermer, Jackson Williams. COMPANY F. PRIVATES. William Collins, Kilian Ghret, George W. McGrew, Peter Schotsman, John Tign. COMPANY G. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain John G. Curtis. First Lieutenant John T. Taylor. Second Lieutenant James T. Porter. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant John Pummell. Quartermaster Sergeant Evan A. J. Saunders. Sergeant David Perry. Sergeant Henry Slught. Sergeant August M. Riddle. Corporal John M. Robinson. Corporal Daniel Boham. Corporal Samuel N. Smallwood. Corporal C. C. Smallwood. Corporal A. J. Bummell. Corporal Samuel Arnold. Corporal George W. Rockey. Bugler N. T. Pierce. Bugler Samuel W. Lewis. Farrier John Hitchins. Farrier August Rose. Wagoner John Crane. Saddler Andrew Hackenlooper. PRIVATES. Richard B. Arnold, 0. P. Applegate, John M. Applegate, W. H. Andrews, E. A. Appleby, Joseph Applegate, Henry Barnes, Joseph C. Brady, David M. Barr, Joseph M. Crane, John R. Cummings, C. F. Clark, Miehael Connelly, E. F. Dill, Daniel R. David, Zadok Davis, John Elliott, Edward Eberlee, George M. Elliott, D. E. Fleming, John Flege, James Garbert, H. C. Hoping, Francis Henry, Charles Heller, Joseph F. Hoping, Patrick Higgins, James Jones, Thomas Jones, Ralph Jones, John Jones, Valentine Johnson, George N. Kirby, Simon Karsh, S. B. Layman, Isaac Long, Morgan Leasure, Blasure Miller, Thomas Murray, Peter Morris, John Oding, Alexander Pendry, J. B. Powell, B. Podesta, James Reddish, Allen Reed, David Reed, Charles Ruffin, Charles Sherbecker, Edward Shaw, Leander Smiley, Frederick Schwartz, 0, A. Smith, Isaac Faggs, D. Vanblangen, H. C. Warmoth. COMPANY H. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Chester M. Poor. First Lieutenant B. W. Thompson. Second Lieutenant John H. Hubbell. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant J. E. Overturf. Wagoner D. B. Webster. Farrier Andrew E. Appleby. PRIVATES. William N. Allen, William P. Ballanee, Edward Brinkley, Spencer Bell, Henry A. Cotman, Asa Cluenger, James Dooley, Samuel W. Davis, Patrick Digman, James Dolan, Joseph Doerler, . F. Dennis, Charles W. Davis, W. G. Evans, William W. Fanning, Christopher A. Frieschte, Edward Hopkins, Samuel Howes, Valentine Hill, J. L. Lawrence, George 0. Ludlow, John McCracken, Charles Marks, James Mee, M. F. Mee, Jackson McCord, Michael Malone, Haspin Mitchell, D. McCarty, B. F. Mahew, B. F. Packer, E. J. Preston, John Peterson, August S. Rice, Simon Rawth, Robert B. Smith, Seneca Smith, George Wansbraugh, Arthur Wansbraugh, Benjamin Webber, Thomas Dobbins, R. T. Scofield, Charles F. Adams. COMPANY I. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. First Lieutenant Charles H. Murray. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant William B. Campbell. Corporal Frederick Ruggles. Corporal John McCamman. PRIVATES. Michael Curry, John Frank, Nicholas Frank, Thomas Hoggans, Herman Keimenschnider, Henry Wetzel, Joseph Woolflayer. COMPANY K. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Norris R. Norton. First Lieutenant William Owens. Second Lieutenant Elijah T. Van Cleve. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant William H. Britwhistle. Sergeant William Fenell. Sergeant Anthony Suygart. Sergeant William H. Shaddinger. Sergeant Christopher W. Goshen. Corporal Edward C. Little. Corporal William J. Brown. Corporal Dedliff J. Hoff. Corporal Franklin Huber. Corporal Benjamin F. Miller. Corporal Allen Lewis. Corporal William Brown. Farrier Archibald Cameron. Saddler Samuel Fechner. Bugler Felix Muller. PRIVATES. George C. Allen, Lennox Burnett, Lemuel Crippen, John Colly, John H. Craig, Patrick Dunnican, James Donnell, William Emerson, Daniel Flagg, Benjamin K. Emerson, St. Clair Fechner, F. L. Fechner, Hugh Gorden, Frederick Gleich, Charles A. Hedges, Francis F. Howe, Joseph Henley, Alexander Hubbard, Charles C. Jeffries, Monroe Kirk, Theodore Montaginer, Dorsey C. Mitten, Henry C. Mader, Edward Mendenhall, Patrick Maxwell, James Martin, Joseph G. Mariott, James L. Pine, Charles A. Ransom, Charles L. Reynolds, George W. Robinson, Diedrich Ravens, Artillos Starkey, John Seeton, Oran 276 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. Smith, John Shay, Benedict Speath, Henry Snider, Madison Sim, William H. Treadway, Marion Tod, Charles Wooden, Luther S. Wright, Joseph Whitesell, Peter Wickham, Jason Webb, Cassius M. Miller, John Kennell. COMPANY L NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Quartermaster Sergeant Stephen C. Courey. Private James Garbrett. COMPANY M. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Captain John Henry. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant Charles A. Miller. Corporal James Miller. Corporal James C. Watson. Corporal William Benson. Wagoner Lewis Marcher. PRIVATES. William Abercromble, Joseph Burchard, John Bollrng, John N. Conrad, John Dieker, Adam Endress, Constantine Fricks, Charles .R. Howard, Henry Hayden. SEVENTH OHIO CAVALRY. This was organized somewhat peculiarly. Under the gloom induced by Buell's retreat, in the summer of 1862, and the movement into Kentucky of Kirby Smith and Heath, Governor Tod, August 25th, ordered the Seventh cavalry, or "River Regiment," to be recruited—one hundred men in each of the counties of Meigs, Washington, Athens, Gallia, Scioto, Adams, Clermont, and Brown, and three hundred in Hamilton county. Within six days sixteen hundred men were enrolled. It rendezvoused at Ripley, and when the enemy's cavalry appeared at Augusta, Kentucky, a few miles below, company E, of the Seventh, procuring some muskets and other small arms, crossed and drove them out, with 'considerable loss to the invaders, but none to the bold assailants. After Bragg's retreat began, four companies were sent on a scout from Maysville into eastern Kentucky, and west to Falmouth. November 22d, the First battalion was sent to the field, and joined General Granger's force at Lexington, whence companies A, B, C, and D marched for the first raid into east Tennessee, upon which a rebel regiment guarding a long railway bridge at Zollicoffer's Station was captured without firing a gun, and another force, six miles distant, was taken after a spirited though brief action. Two fine railroad bridges were burned, and much other property destroyed. December loth the Second battalion entered the field, with Genet al Granger, as also, eleven days later, the Third. February 22, 1863, the entire regiment marched to Richmond, Kentucky, to repel a reported invasion. The latter part of March it joined in a vigorous pursuit of Pegram's cavalry, and engaged it heavily at Dutton hill, on the thirty-first, when a sabre charge by five companies of the Seventh decided the day. May 1st it was in another attack upon Pegram, at Monticello, and helped to rout him handsomely. June 9th, at the same place, it again, with other cavalry, attacked and drove out the same pestilent invader. Upon its retirement it was in turn attacked by Pegram, and fought successfully the desperate action at Rocky Gap, for which General Burnside complimented the regiment in orders. June 10th one hundred picked men of the command joined another expedition to destroy the east Tennessee railroads, where immense mischief was done the rebels. In July it engaged in the pursuit of Morgan across Ohio, traversing Hamilton county in its march, via Harrison, Springdale, Glendale, and Miamiville; and was the first to attack the bold raider in his last stand at Buffington. Colonels Basil Duke and Smith, with their staffs and an escort, surrendered to Colonel Garrard, of the Seventh. September 3d the regiment entered Knoxville, and assisted in the capture of Cumberland Gap, with its garrison, on the ninth. It marched thence to Carter's Station, and defeated a large force there. It then held a strong post in the mountains east of Knoxville till October loth, when it took part in the battle of Blue Springs, losing Captain Hyley, of company K, while heading a charge. One of the forts at Knoxville was subsequently named from him. At Bristol, on the Tennessee and Virginia line, an immense amount of supplies and railway property was destroyed by it. At Rogersville, November 6th, it, with a Tennessee regiment and a battery, was fiercely attacked and overpowered by nearly four times the number of the Union force, losing one hundred and twelve men and some of its best officers. Colonel Garrard was in command, and a court of inquiry not only exonerated him from blame, but praised his conduct in the affair. During the siege of Knoxville, the Seventh defended Cumberland Gap, and December 5th joined in pursuit of the retreating enemy, having seven days and nights of almost incessent skirmishing and close fighting. On the twenty-third it drove a force from New Market, and on Christmas, after a long day's hard fight, cut its way out of a largely superior force at Dandridge. For some time in January, 1864, it picketed the fords of the French Broad above that place. On the twenty-seventh it aided in the defeat of two divisions of Wheeler's cavalry at Fair Garden. In May the regiment reached central Kentucky, by rail for east Tennessee, to repel Morgan, and on the twelfth participated in the successful attack upon him at Cynthiana. The Seventh alone captured about five hundred prisoners in this fight, but lost some valuable officers and men. Colonel Garrard's brigade, including the Seventh, pursued Morgan vigorously to the mountains of eastern Kentucky. July 4th the regiment started for Atlanta, arriving on the twenty-sixth, and taking active part in the operations that led to the fall of the "Gate City." It encamped at Decatur till October 4th, and then engaged for a month in scouting and forageing for the Atlanta garrison. It was in the pursuit of Hood, and held the left of the Union line tenaciously at the battle of Franklin November 30th. It participated in the battle of Nashville and the subsequent pursuit; spent the winter at Gravelly Springs ; aided to destroy rebel railways and iron works the next spring; engaged and defeated Forrest at Plantersville April 1st; and after Lee's surrender scouted northern Georgia to intercept Jefferson Davis. After his capture the Seventh was ordered to Nashville, where it was mustered out on Independence day, 1865. It had numbered, including recruits, one thousand four hundred members, of whom HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 177 five hundred and sixty were lost by the casualties of war, including a number of its best officers. FIELD AND STAFF. Colonel Israel Garrard. Major William Reaney. Adjutant Tfieodore F. Allen. Commissary Sergeant Frank Powers. Hospital Steward James Laffin. COMPANY A. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain William Reaney. First Lieutenant Solomon L. Green. PRIVATES. Peter C. Apgar, C. H. Alexander, Francis Aubry, H. Brackenseieh, Robert Brewer, Charles Brown, Sampson A. Buchanan, George Brickett, John K. Bell, James Brickett, A. N. Buchanan, John Bennett, Paul G. Blazic, George Bohleper, Jonas H. Baldwin, C. B. Cornelius, John Cowan, Robert Cole, Jerome Clark, Thomas Collins, Patrick Castello, T. C. Duffy, H. Dollman, Peter Dunvester, Jacob Dorney, John Denurge, George W. Dolbow, James Donnel, Francis C. Everson, John Faulkner, Thomas Finn, Hiram Fortner, John Guy, Frederick Gilb, Leonard A. Gerhart, Charles N. Gudgeon, James Gill, William M. Henry, John Hopper, John Holliday, Thomas Hammon, David Halpins, George Hill, James M. Humphreys, Aaron Homer, Peter Ivory, James Johnson, Benjamin M. :James, William Jones, William Kent, Patrick F. Kirrle, Samuel Leisure, Andrew J. Leisure, George Lawrence, George W. Leonard, David Lind, David Lewis, Henry Lewis, L. Lambert, Albert McKinney, Joseph McKnaux, John McCann, Wm. McGlinchy, Calvin McCallister, R. V. McAllister, James Mortis, William Myers, Levi Morris, James Marguantaylor, Augustus S. Miller, Phillip Mozer, Frederick Nunnamaker, Tipton L. Nolan, John Paden, S. B. Pierson, Thomas Rowan, Samuel Rich, John Rodderick, Charles Rudder, Lafayette Raney, William Kaney, jr., A. R. Smith, William B. Sloan, C. T. Smith, Harlan P. Shurtleff, William T. Shumard, L. A. Slade, Max G, Vorhis, Tfieodore Van, John Weller, Christopher Weller, John Walker, George T. Williams, Christopher Warning, Bennett Williams, C. L. Whitten, James Whitten, Joseph Whelan, Theodore Woodward, Homer E. Ware. COMPANY B. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain W. H. Lewis. First Lieutenant . P. Santimyer. Second Lieutenant William G. Burton. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant William Boggs. Quartermaster Sergeant David Willis. Commissary Sergeant Joseph Whitaker. Sergeant William G. Reynolds. Sergeant Michael Covnan. Sergeant Thomas Vale. Sergeant James Ward. Sergeant William J. Wright. Corporal Jackson Campbell. Corporal Harry Leggett. Corporal Samuel Hill. Corporal Nelson Frazee. Corporal Albert Willis. Corporal William J. Ward. Corporal Patrick Savage. Corporal Anthony Chevalier. Teamster Sylvester Temple. Teamster John Thompson. Farrier James S. Harrison. Farrier Wilson Kennedy. Saddle. John Yeager. Wagoner Gilbert P. Haley. PRIVATES. Smith H. Apple, Theodore Apple, Michael Armstrong, Frank Androt, Snyder Anten, John Boston, James Bodly, George Bodman, John Baptiste, John Breslin, Samuel Blangy, Isaac Burroughs, F. W. Cressky, Charles Cornell, John Cummings, H. S. Coleman, James Castner, George Castner, H. B. Coleman, Charles Cellor, E. Callaghan, Aquilla Durham, N. T. Drake, E. Dawson, C. G. Dollman, Joseph Dressback, Levi Epple, James Farly, James Flick, Martin Flick, J. M. Fletcher, Aaron Fowler, G. W. Gordon, W. Gaushaus, Conrad Groter, Patrick Graham, John Gamble, George Garrard, A. G. Green, Frank Gallagher, J. P. Hall, C. G. Hooper, Stephen Hahn, William J. Hartley, George Hillgahnan, William Kennedy, J. Jacobs, H. H. King, Jonathan Kennedy, Morris Kelly, J. C. McAvoy, John McCain, Thomas McKatrick, John McDonald, William Masters, John Menough, M. Macke, J . Murphy, James Magell, Mike Maroghan, Henry Myer, Hugh McDonnel, Luke Moore, George Noble, Bryan O'Riley, S. Patterson, Thomas Pattinson, William N. Peters, Richard Reynold, James Riley, Joseph Sterling, Patrick Shaw, Nicholas Salmar, George Studer, J. Sommers, Perry Sharps, Alexander Thompson, Robert Tornley. COMPANY C. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain William T. Simpson. First Lieutenant Mathias Schuler. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Quartermaster Sergeant James S. Everich. PRIVATES. Louis Ackley, Joseph Adams, William S. Archer, James Ambrose, Charles Brossart, Michael Burns, Josiah Bell, James Butler, Frederick Buckey, Joseph Bernard, Samuel Coleman, John Conway, Miehael Dueber, William Davison, David Everley, Charles L. Engart, James S. Everrick, Christopher Fegin, Michael Fox, Louis A. Funk, Patrick Fleming, Robert Faulkner, John Graham, Benjamin Guion, Frank Grabe, Joseph Gonlet, Lewis Gerline, Christopher Harpst, Daniel Harris, John Heron, James A. Hank, William Hulse, George W. Houston, Joseph F. Hermise, Thomas Haney, John Harroll, Martin Hegney, Franklin Hall, James N. Holrihan, Alfred Jacobs, Henry Jeffers, Alonzo P. Kendall, Warner Kooks, John Kelly, William H. Kelly, Patrick Kilkelly, Frederick Kenitz, Winfield Kelly, George Knapp, John Keely, Harmon Kesler, John Lively, Joseph Lotkering, George W. Lloyd, Milchi Myers, William Morgan, George Mullaly, George P. Main, John W. Manly, Nathan B. Meader, Frederick Moorhoff, Isaac C. Masson, Patrick Mitchell, Isaac McDaniel, James Maddox, Henry Porter, Robert Palmer, Truman Pier, Benjamin F. Powers, John W. Randall, Joseph Roark, Andrew J. Roby, Gideon Roby, Eugene Smith, James H. Spier, jr., Samuel Shephard, Ferdinand Shultz, Patrick Sylvester, George W. Smith, Thomas Smith, Henry F. Seward, James Saffin, John H. Shephard, James Tilter, John Uncap-her, Jacob Ukele, John Van Blairicum, John Vogt, Reeder Vanomsdol, Adolph Wilderstein, Joseph Walkenhorst, J. J. Weiller, Thomas Wetzel, Edward Welch, James Ward, George H. Warry, Thomas Wolf, Thomas E. Young, Jacob Bukart, Albert B. Crasly, Palmer Holland, Alexander Kennett, Charles Negley, Samuel J. Patterson, Francis N. Strandley, George Wallack. COMPANY D. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Captain Ira Furgusson. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant D. N. Fisher. Farrier Madison Eppert. PRIVATES. David C. Barrow, William Fox, N. P. Moore, E. R. Miller, G. B. McGill. COMPANY I. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant James H. Mills. Corporal John Walker. PRIVATES. Charles Dinsmoor, David Forest, Harvey G. Love, Lewis L. Love, Benjamin McClary, David McClary, Gardner B. Stebbins, David Young. COMPANY K. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER, Sergeant Patrick McHan. PRIVATES. John Bable, Westley Dillworth, Levi W. Sisson, John W. Sisson, Silvetas Shiner, Henry Spiner. COMPANY L. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Saddler Jobe Randolf. 23 178 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. PRIVATES. Robert Canterbury, William A. Criner, Edward Drake, Joseph Henry, Clark Lewis, Nicholas Throenen. THE NINTH OHIO CAVALRY. Previous to October, 1862, a company of fifty men had been enlisted by Captain W. D. Hamilton, of the Thirty-second Ohio infantry; and early in that month the same officer received orders to complete his regiment, the fifty before secured becoming the nucleus. They rendezvoused at Zanesville. The command remained in the region near Manchester, Kentucky, having frequent skirmishes with the enemy, until June 15th, when an expedition was planned into east Tennessee. At Pine Mountain Gap the rebels were surprised, and nearly all caplured without firing a gun. On the first of August it proceeded to Glasgow, where a cavalry brigade was organizing, which was destined to move with General Burnside into east Tennessee. During this march both men and horses were sometimes for two days without food. Knoxville was taken with little opposition. Major Hamilton was appointed provost marshal of the city, and the battalion did patrol and guard duty around the suburbs. On the sixteenth of December the regiment was completed by the organization of the Third battalion. It was finally ordered to report at Decatur, Alabama, on the fifth of May. Previous to this time, portions had been in different localities and had met with a great variety of experiences, some of the men having died in the horrible Andersonville prison. Between this date and June 1st, cavalry skirmishes were of daily occurrence. After several movements, involving long and fatiguing marches, they joined General Sherman's army in front of Atlanta. About the middle of November the different portions of the Ninth that had been doing duty apart were again joined, and from this time were a part of General Sher-man's army on the march to the coast. The command was finally ordered to Concord, North Carolina, where it remained on duty until the first of July, when it was ordered home. On the second of August, 1865, the regimental colors and other property were turned over to the Government at Columbus, and the veterans once more became citizens and finally separated. COMPANY E. PRIVATES. Thomas H. Bell, George W. Behmyer, Frank Rueter, Martin Calner, 'Thomas Cox, Alvin G. Dunham, Bernard Esther, John Fridler, Jacob Grovenbacker, Gottfried Henninger, William Hampton, Philip Hayden, Wilson Jones, Richard Jones, Edgar Kain, Joseph Loth, John Laun, James McCarthy, Peter J. Morris, Patriek Mursin, William Putnam, Charles Renolds, David G. Smith, Corsenden Stegall, William Smith, Nieholas Trimble, James H. Vandever, Philip Walten, Frank Wesler. COMPANY F. PRIVATES William Ball, Frank Howard, James Madden, Henry Page, Joseph H. Phelan, George Timony, Charles Williams, Frank Williams. COMPANY G. PRIVATES. John Ardis, Samuel Antrim, William B. Anderson, Jacob R. Armon, David S. Broek, Charles A. Brooks, William Camp, Oliver Coaltrep, John Curless, Thomas Crowin, George N. Davis, Charles Elsau, Stephan Funk, Frank Goodwin, John Gilern, Thomas W. Hurt!, Frank Harff, John M. Hendry, Charles Howard, John W. J. Johnson, James Jones, John Kulter, Charles Koch, Jacob Leiter, William Lightfoot, John A. Mace, James Polk, John Ryan, Jack Rover, Joseph Robinson, Edward Sullivan, Thomas N. Savider, Benjamin F. Sauer, Henry Stahl, Adolph St. Clair, William Troxsell, John B. Vanmetter, Edmund Ward. COMPANY H. PRIVATES. Joseph Brumann, Henry Baistaffer, Henry Fisher, Joseph C. Fox, Jacob Hall, Bernard Hager, Theodore A. Kingston, Eugene Maselli, William Myer, Charles Smith, Valentine Werner. COMPANY K. PRIVATES. William Adams, William L. Anderson, Edwin T. Abbott, Isaac Brown, John Briggs, Joseph Brukard, Albert E. Blinn, Danbridge Bush, Abraham Bush, George N. Clark, Henry Cleveland, James Doran, George Dermot, Jacob Dermer, William S. Fitch, James T. Glass, William Haines, Alexander Hays, Gustave Horn, Henry L. Hodge, John Higden, Albert C. Jamison, William . Kirker, John Kohnley, John H. Lindsey, Louis Lyons, Frank N. Lutz, Carl Mecke, John Montgomery, Maxwell Oddinger, Thompson Pitts, Joseph H. Ross, Frederick Storms, William Sanity, John L Stites, Henry Schrader, Frank Shults, Henry F. Schenk, Henry Stevans, Henry Straus, William J. Wilson, Thomas B. Wenworth, Aaron White, George N. Waters, William B. Weer. COMPANY M. PRIVATES. William Enright, George Green, Patrick Hazel, John H. Luse, Charles Smith, John Q. Smith. ELEVENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER CAVALRY. Toward the close of the summer of 1861, William 0. Collins, of Highland counly, was authorized to recruit a regiment of cavalry to be named the Seventh; but about the first of December the enlistment of cavalry was stopped. The Seventh was then joined to the Sixth, taking the latter's name. The battalion from the Seventh being ready for service, was ordered to St. Louis, Missouri, leaving the other two in Ohio and never meeting tarn again. While the battalion first named was at Benton Barracks, the Indians becoming hostile, it was ordered to proceed at once across the plains to open and protect communication. The command reached Fort Laramie on the thirtieth of May, having travelled seven hundred miles in twenty-six marching days. While on their way, they were fired upon by guerillas, and suffered greatly from exposure; but the Indian trouble being still farther west, with the exception of a few kept at the fort, they were moved on to the mountains. At last they were established near Pacific Springs and the South Pass, about two hundred miles east of Salt Lake City. In the summer of 1863, Lieutenant Colonel Collins recruited another battalion for duty in the Rocky mountains. The two battalions were raised to a regiment, and were named the Eleventh Ohio volunteer cavalry. The second battalion was in Ohio at the time of the Morgan raid, and shared in the pursuit and capture of the invaders. It reached Fort Leavenworth about the last of August, and arrived at Fort Laramie the thirteenth of October, 1863. On the first of April, 1865, the First battalion was mustered out at Omaha, and the remaining companies were returned to Columbus for payment, in July, 1866. They were the last troops in the service from Ohio. Of the service of this regiment, it is impossible to give an outline. A complete history would be full of startling incidents and hairbreadth escapes. Its loss of life fully HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 179 equaled the average loss of life in other Ohio cavalry regiments. Its most important battles were those of Mud Springs and Rush Creek. The length of its expeditions, by scouting and escorting parties, was probably not paralleled in any other service during the war. To make the circuit of the posts required one thousand miles' travel; and to keep up communication with the most distant was at times extremely difficult and dangerous. The regiment was never actually together during its term of service. It was engaged with the Sioux, Snakes, Cheyennes, Arrapahoes, and Utes. The field of its operations was in the center of the Rocky mountains, extending nearly six hundred miles east and west, and three hundred north and south. No better evidence of the regiment's courage and vigilance can be had than the fact that after the distribution of troops in the summer of 1862, until February, 1865, communications were never interrupted on either route for twenty-four hours in succession. COMPANY C. PRIVATES. James Conway,. Michael Donnelly, George Roberts. COMPANY H. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Commissary Sergeant Henry Cross. Corporal Doc Prentiss. Corporal John Gordan. PRIVATES. John Adams, Frederiek Anderson, Frederick Behler, Joseph Emenger, John Tennus. COMPANY E. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Levi G. Marshall. First Lieutenant David S. Dick. Second Lieutenant Samuel L Rice, NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant John Brown. Quartermaster Sergeant David Sherlock. Commissary Sergeant Henry Stevens. Sergeant William Phelan. Sergeant Benjamin F. McCalmont. Sergeant John Q. Lewis. Sergeant Gideon H. Dunham. Sergeant William B. Segar. Corporal Thomas Van Fleet. Corporal Robert Haley. Corporal Harvey Moore. Corporal George C. Flanders. Corporal Frank B. Morton. Corporal Julius A. Myers. Corporal David May. Corporal James Blair. Trumpeter John W. Williams. Trumpeter William G. Hudson. Farrier Charles Chrenkook. Farrier William Brown. Saddler George N. Burt. Wagoner John Omohaw. PRIVATES. Isaac Beal, lames Brown, Benjamin P. Blades, William Crawford, William P. Corinan, Alfred Curtis, James Callicot, John Cook, George W. Chambers, John L. Davenport, David C. Dalton, Joseph Dolan, Frank Dyer, John Driscoll, Thornton Dugen, Thomas M. Dillon, Charles Fry, Robert Fitch, John Fishback, Bishop Guffin, William Grasser, Michael Gunn, Edgar M. Guyun, Patrick Gray, John Goff, George Henry, Patrick Holmes, William Hurford, William Hurst, James W. Huston, James W. Jones, William Johnson, Richard M. Kendall, John Kerns, William Kenady, Martin Kelly, Owen Kane, Lewis Perry. Charles F. Litzsenger, William Lock, John Moren, John Murray, Alfred H. Monroe, William D. Manning, Newton Moses, James McDonald, Van McPeak, Monroe McHenry, George W. McGillin, James Powers, Danverico Raggio, Felix Rooney, Robert Roseborough, Conrad Ryan, Charles C. Raymond, John Sullivan, Eli Smith, John Spence, Lewis Shafer, Frank Stewart, William Spark, Joseph Simmons, William Smith, Isaac Shew, John Sullivan, No. 2, William H. H. Stone, Charles Thomas, Zerah T. Tanner, James D. Thomas, John Van Darum, Charles Willman, Michael Whisman, James M. Woods, Frederick Wilson, Griffin Bishop, James Blades, John Burgoyne, Michael Bronseh, Frank Bosworth, Thomas Deni, George J. Donovan, James W. Dowty, Frank Fouker, James Hanagan, John Green, J. V. Heanny, John Huth, George Hill, William A. Hobbs, J. S. Harrington, James W. Lynch, Benjamin Monroe, Charles Moore, Hetham Mendall, Peter Martin, James M. Gun, James Nelson, William Phearn, William Rounds, James Stahl, James Santrey, Joseph L. Surches, William St. Clair, Charles L. Thomas, Frank Weber, Martin Elliott. COMPANY G. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Corporal Henry Howard. Private Lewis Wellman. COMPANY I. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Theodore B. Harlan. Sergeant George S. Reece. Sergeant John R. Maloney. Commissary Sergeant Isaac Moore. Sergeant Martin Weaver. Sergeant August C. Williams. Sergeant George L. Smith. Corporal Samuel Prypin. Corporal Henry C. Lain. PRIVATES. John Brannon, John Coslett, Patrick Conoran, Andrew Carr, Newton Devore, A. R. Harrison, Frank Julian, George Kayes, Taylor Lemming, 0. W. Minor, George W. McCabe, Henry Menderick, Nathaniel Mason, William A. Moore; George W. Nelson, Columbus Phillips, Francis F. Raikes James Rich, William Schroder, Andrew Snather, Valentine Swintz, John C. Towers, Frank M. Ware, Robert White. COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Charles R. A. Bolton, Henry Brant, George Day, Orlando Duckett, Dennis Keihler, Thomas Lynn, Thomas G. Morrow, Michael McNaurae, Alexander Murray, John Marriote, Michael Riley, Perry Stewart, William Wheelen. THIRTEENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER CAVALRY. This command was formed by the consolidation of the Fourth and Fifth independent battalions, and by recruits during the winter of 1863-64. It was mustered into service May 6, 1864, for three years. Upon leaving Camp Chase it joined immediately the Ninth army corps, composing a part of the army of the Potomac, where, acting as infantry, it took part in the following battles: White House Landing, Charles City Court House, and the protracted siege and heavy assaults on the rebel works at Petersburgh. During the terrific assault at this place, which occurred July 3oth, the Thirteenth made for itself a noble name, by the courage and daring of both officers and men. Its loss was nineteen killed, one hundred and thirty-three wounded, and fifty-one taken prisoners. The regiment was also in engagements at Welden Railroad, Ream's Station, Poplar Grove Church, Pegram's Farm, and Boydtown Plank-road. On December 18th the regiment drew cavalry arms, equipments, and horses, and reported to Major General Gregg, commanding Second division, Cavalry corps, Army of the Potomac. In February it was in the battle of Hatcher's Run, and fol- 180 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO lowing this, with Major General Sheridan, it aided in the rout, destruction, and capture of the rebel army under Lee. On the seventh of April, after successful engagements near Dinwiddie Court House, at Jetersville, and at Sailor's Creek, it was made the advance regiment pressing and constantly fighting Lee's rear-guard. About noon it made a dash into Farmville, capturing three hundred and eight prisoners. Soon after, at a point between Prospect Station and Appomatox Court House, it, with the Sixth Ohio cavalry, captured a train of railroad cars, bearing forage and provisions for Lee's army. About daybreak, April 9th, Lee's forces made an impetuous dash at the National army, attempting to break the lines, but unsuccessfully. Here the division fought manfully, when it was charged by a division of Lee's infantry. The charge was resisted, but, on account of the superior numbers of the enemy, they were forced to fall back to the edge of a wood. When the Thirteenth reached the point to which it was ordered, the crisis came which was to determine the fate of the rebel army. General Sheridan's entire cavalry force, the Thirteenth in the front, charged the enemy's whole line, which resulted in the surrender of Lee's armyl Soon after the regiment accompanied General Sheridan's command to reinforce General Sherman; but when near Danville, the news came that Johnston had surrendered his whole army, and the command at once returned to Petersburgh. At Columbus, the men received final discharge and pay, August 18th. The entire loss of the Thirteenth in the war was sixty-eight killed, two hundred and eighty-three wounded, and ninety-one captured. It took active part in fourteen hard-fought battles, captured one general, one stand of colors, and two thousand and sixty-six prisoners. COMPANY A. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Francis C. Russell. Second Lieutenant Charles Parker. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Joseph Steahl. Quartermaster Sergeant Russell H. True. Commissary Sergeant Frank Lancaster. Sergeant Martin Hare. Sergeant Seymour G. Hunt. Sergeant Enos D. Hardin. Sergeant John Jackson. Corporal James E. Wasel. Corporal John Shank. Corporal Henry Slanferman. Corporal Horace Hopkins. PRIVATES. Joseph Anderholt, Adam Bridge, John Bates, John Brown, Alexander Barrett, Charles F. Basore, James F. Bracken, Edward L. Barnes, Thomas Brown, William Cook, Andrew L. Crary, Joseph, - Cameron, William Chapman, William Cotton, Samuel Chamberlain, F. G. Chorpening, Leonhard Danner, Isaac A. Dunkle, Thomas Duncan, David T. Dodd, James Dowan, Patrick Fuley, John W. Gimstead, Christian Geil, Charles T. Hathaway, Alfred Hammell, Richard Hendrickson, Franklin Hovey, John W. Hildebrand, Henry Heisser, John Holland, Jacob Johnson, Zoringlius Jackson, Leonard Kline, Jacob. Kabel, John M. Lisle, Charles W. Mulford, Henry Meyers. Died.—Caleb P. Cassell, David Delano, Charles Hinkler. Discharged. Joseph Gunning, Herbert Louise. COMPANY C. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Second Lieutenant Frederick C. Dietz. PRIVATES. William Anderson, Leonard B. Alden, James Babb Jefferson Blaek; Henry Babb, George Baker, James Beamish, John Burnett, Frederick Barr, Thomas B. Butterfield, Frederick Bridgeman, Sidney Bean, George Berner, Peter Barree, Eli A. Bangs, John H. Clarke, Samuel Cree, William Cook, Joseph Cotton, -- Clarke, John T. Chalmer, William T. Cornelius, John Davis, John Davis 2d, Christopher Fogle, John Fletcher, Adams Friends, James Grayhond, Theodore Gier, Cyrus Hoskins, Joseph L. Hocking, William Huchman, John Hultis, Christian Hauber, John Heafried, Joseph Holmes, William Jobson, William Johnson, Frank Konklin, Henry Kline, William L Logan, Charles Lambert, Charles Mondon, Thomas McCarthy. Thomas Morgan, John W. Nash, David H. Nuss, George Neifer, James Newton, John Ole, Theodore Polcher, Frank Pendry, Joseph Pearson, Roswell Raymond, Robert Robertson, Adam Rhomiller, William D. Rhorimus, Howard Ross, William T. Spigert, John Shalton, Reuben H. Shoe, George Sanders, Christopher Selee, William Schwartz, Frank Sadlick, John Shultz, Ernst Scott, Joseph Trick, James Tighe, Bartholomew H. Van Pelt, Fairfax West, Nathan W. Wilson, William W. Walkup, John M. Warren, Allison Wagner, Francis Way, James Worshey, Charles Watson, Asa Grant, Charles Miller, Newton Johnston, Joseph Hamilton, James Allen, William O'Connor. COMPANY D. PRIVATES. William Alger, John P. Albert, Thomas Byrne, Thomas Brennen, Ceorge Biner, Philip Brand, Adolphus Brehme, Benjamin F. Beckley, Richard Coates, George Cotter, Caries Coates, Stephen Cunkle, Lewis Crane, James E. Crist, Thomas T. Doughty, Anthony Dresch, William H. Davis, Frederick Drifenbach, Amos Dixon, Moses Edwards, Joseph Frazer, Marion Francis, James Farril, Henry Farrand, Collin Fenner, Alfred Foel, Philip Fromelfer, Sebastian Gunbols, Terrance Gerraty, William Garfield, John Gordon, James Gray, Ambrose Geoghegan, Samuel Gustian, Bushrod Gray, John Gore, Charles Golschleicter, John Gustin, Jefferson Hale, Michael Huber, Patrick H. Herely, Nicholas Hayes, John C. Harwood, Arthur Harsch, John C. Juskeep, Daniel Jackson, George D. Kerkendall, W. H. H. Kirkendall, Benjamin D. Kirkendall, James Kretzer, George W. Kretzer, Joseph . Keltsey, Thomas Kalis, William McDonald, John McCauley, Martin Mehan, Thomas Mulligan, Charles Meyer, William McGee, Simpson McConnell, George Morton, David H. McMunn, Charles Northrop, Thomas Otto, Michael O'Conner, John H. Oliver, John Reeger, James Robins, John Stemler, Moses Scott, Alexander Southall, Louis Smith, Samuel Schenck, George B. Stephenson, George M. Vincent, John D. Wallace, Thomas Wilson, Franklin White, Daniel Wilcox, John M. Wilson, Lewis W. Wise, Edward E. Whitcomb, James Welch, Charles Ward, Lewis Walter, William W. Walker, James Wilson, William Wilson, Daniel R. Wise, Philatus Winterseen, Daniel O'Neil, Christian Rickert, John Reem, John H. Robinson, Tononey Monsay. COMPANY E. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Captain W. C. Taylor. PRIVATES. Joseph Andrews, James Adams, Albert Adams, Morris Brown, John Brady, James Brady, Bernard Baasch, William Barnhart, George H. Brown, Jacob L. Bright, Wilson Bodine, Jesse Benson, George W. Cooper, John Carney, Thomas. Coe, James Callison, James Chapman, William R. Cobb, Freeman Downey, Lorenzo C. Downing, Robert B. Dailey, John I. Fisher, Charles Freiss, Charles Green, George Graham, Riley Graham, Eli Garrison, Joseph A. Gehaut, Charles W. Gardiner, Joseph L, Gore, George Howard, John Hoffman, Thomas Henry, Michael Hart, Charles Hart, Joseph Howell James Hallegan, Gordon Hammer, Henry C. Hard, James Hardy, Freeman Hopper, John Hullehan, William H. Johnson, John Kelley, Wesley King, Austin Kirkendall, Charles Kiser, Robert L Stiles, William Santer, Cornelius W. Lewis, James M. Leedun, Joseph D. Lamore, Marion Longdecker, Martin Lee, Joseph Lewis, Edward Lloyd, Thomas C. Legg, Joseph T. Lewelin, Samuel Mikesell, Harrison Mayo, B. W. Maken, Florence Macarty, James McCormick, Morganza M. Meek, William McDonald, Joshua Moore, John W. Morgan, Felix Michael, Sidney C. Miller, Bernard Noe, Allen Paifer, William P. Pond, George W. Penrod, George A. Porterfield, James Ryerson, John Reister, Henry Smitkee, Wiley Swers, James Simpson, William Sharp, Joseph H. Simpson, David Smith, George Sloat, William Taylor, John Thomas, Allen Withrow, Samuel Williams, Samuel L. Watkins, John Wells, Benjamin Wyatt, Albert N. White, Alexander Williams, Jonathan Wadley, John C. Zolla. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 181 COMPANY G. PRIVATES. William Berringer, Edward Caldwell, Charles Dickson, James frown, James Ecker, Henry Hussk, Nicholas Hayes, John Hughes, Joseph Kilpatrick, Francis Miller, Joseph McCarty, Henry Michoff, Frederick Medhurdt, Robert Ottawa, Joseph Pelo, Thomas Rodgers, Lucius F. Tolhiker, William M. Thompson, Charles Wade, George E. Williams, Joseph H. Woodruff, Newton Warren, Frank Wheeler, John MeCutty. COMPANY H. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Benjamin F. Metcalf. First Lieutenant William Mack. Second Lieutenant Josiah S. Dean. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Quartermaster Sergeant Joseph Patterson. Commissary Sergeant Joseph Cline. Sergeant Benjamin F. Metcalf. Sergeant William Mack. Sergeant Milton J. Hamilton. Sergeant Thomas Jones. Corporal William Carney. Corporal John Gardner. Corporal Stephen Miller. Corporal Joshua Hardesty. Corporal George Broils. Corporal Perry Whitacre. Corporal Asa Glistner. Trumpeter Nathan Gwynne. Farrier David Jones. Saddler George Schmidt. Wagoner William Winters. Wagoner George S. Cook. PRIVATES. James Atkinson, Joseph Bender, David W. Buck, John W. Bowen, John Crane, Michael Clement, John P. Carter, Josiah S. Dean, John Dunn, James Enlow, Joseph Espacher, James Farrell, Isadore Fliechler, Thomas Finnerty, Isaiah Guist, Lucian Guy, William Graham, William Guhlager, Thomas Galler, James Hawn, Isaae C. Hord, Arthur Houghton, William Jones, Thomas Kilfoil, F. Kirne, Jam; Mercer, William Miller, John D. McGath, James McDonald, Thomas Murphy, John Ohl, George G. Pernwell, William Pond, Benjamin F. Shepherd, John Shields, Francis A. Stewart, James Stewart, Robert F. Spence, John Siegle, Joseph Steedman, John Sheffer, George Thompson, John Thompson, Joseph Tritch, John D. A. Tremp, Harry Taylor, Frederick Van Renseler, William H. Watkins, John M. Wallace, James Williams, John E. Wan, Frederick Walters. COMPANY I. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Captain Richard H. Wheeler. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Frank Wright. Quartermaster Sergeant Robert Y. Mason. Commissary Sergeant Robert Hazard. Sergeant William T. Smith. Sergeant George A. Moody. Sergeant John Gaskill. Sergeant John P. Bell. Corporal Charles C. Colvin. Corporal Levi Pounce. Corporal William Casey. Corporal John K. Ritsen. Corporal Albert W. Safes. Corporal Merit L. Hodges. Corporal Abel Losey. Trumpeter Lawrence Callihan. Trumpeter James B. Gentry. Farrier Thomas Carroll. Farrier William Cloaterman. Saddler John Matheringham. Wagoner Francis Cook. Wagoner Joseph W. Cook. PRIVATES. George Anderson, Gerard W. Ashley, Jesse Bronson, John Bard, John W. Bell, Stephen Barr, Hubert Brannan, Nelson Behymer, George W. Bedgood, Leander W. Black, Thomas Carson, Thomas D. Crocket, James Corson, John Cheesman, George W. Cheesman, Thomas Clark, Joseph B. Carson, William L. Dunn, Andrew A, Dunlap,' Philip Dick: William DeFord, John Delany, William F. Ellis, Samuel Early, Jackson Gardner, Isaiah M. Green, Charles A. Gessie, George W. Howell, James S. Hurbon, James A. Howell, Jahn Hussy, John Hinton, Richard Hartville, jr., Henry Hall, Peter Jacoby, William H. Jacobs, Jesse Johnson, William Landers, John H. Mussman, Henry Mussman, Benjamin Moore, Alvis Mott, Daniel McWilliams, George W. Newkirk, William Pollard, John M. Phillip, Joseph B. Powers, George H. Reinhold, Thomas . Rease, William Russell, Henry Snyder, George Sarver, Clark Wentworth, James Wayland, Enis William, Victor Zeis. SECOND INDEPENDENT CAVALRY BATTALION. This command receives no notice in Mr. Reid's book, probably because it had no field service as an independent organization. It was composed of four companies, recruited for the Eighth Ohio cavalry, in September and October, 1862, and mustered in therefor at Camp Dennison, but assigned instead, February 4, 1863, to the Second Ohio cavalry, then much depleted by the casualties of war, and other causes. The service of the battalion was thenceforth with the Second. COMPANY A. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Samuel K. Williams. First Lieutenant George H. Williamson. Second Lieutenant James Currie Burnet. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Lycurgus L. Allison. Quartermaster Sergeant Eugene A. Dumont. Commissary Sergeant William S. Earl. Sergeant John G. King. Sergeant William W. Walker. Sergeant James Castillo. Sergeant Alfred Nearney. Sergeant Benjamin H. Earl. Corporal Patrick McCloskey. Corporal William Winkelman. Corporal Edwin C. Joyce. Corporal Edward Humphreys. Corporal John Dixon. Corporal Edward O'Neal. Corporal John Willis. Corporal Albert Clark. Teamster Morris Packer. Teamster John Netz. Farrier Moses M. Petre. Farrier Wilson Wright. Saddler James Sullivan. Wagoner Charles Brown. PRIVATES. William Armstrong, Scott Brandon, Martin Benninger, Richard Bell, George Bowers, Henry Brown, Jonh Burk, Nathan Campbell, James Calhoun, jr., Carneal Crocker, Joseph Conklin, Peter David, William . Doherty, Baxter Davis, Thomas J. Evans, Thomas B. Evans, Herman Evans, George Green. William H. Green, Joseph H. Graff, Emil C. Graff, William W. Grant; Rudolph Gessler, Frank Gordon, John Gehlers, Charles Gaffney, Richard Gabrel, William Gould, Robert Holland, John T. Hopson, Henry Huene, George Herrer, John H. Juwall, James A. Kelby, John Kelley, Daniel Kelley, Henry K. Korton, William Kivid, Otto Kemper, Alfred Kaylor, William Leittrele, Edwin J. Lukens, Charles Lorry, James Liddy, Frederick W. Surgenbuchl, Francis M. Long, Benjamin Long, Jesse S. Law, John McGraw, Hugh Milligan, John Murphy, John Morgan, John Miller, Edward E. Myers, Stephen H. Miller, Andrew Miller, John O'Brian, Joseph Pendery, John N. Pohlman, Michael Riley, Peter . Smith, Aben Stone, Charles Sticker, Andrew Sewer, John Speas, Jacob Smith, Peter Sullivan, George Sheppard, William A. Taylor, William Taylor, William Traver, Lee Van Wenner, Edward Van Pelt, Winfield S. Vincent, John Weaver, William Woolinghaupt, John Whitlow, John Wolfer. Privates Abraham Harrison and James MeMullen were recruited in Cincinnati for company C of this battalion. 182 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. FOURTH OHIO INDEPENDENT BATTALION OF CAVALRY. This was one of the military organizations organized in Cincinnati during the eventful late summer and fall of 1862. It was raised in five companies, between August 3d and September 21st, and accepted by the United States for six months' service. Its duty was necessarily detached, from the character of the command and its limited term of enlistment, and was comparatively uneventful. The companies were mustered out at various periods, as their several terms expired, from February 15th to March 14, 1864. COMPANY A. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Joseph F. Wheeler. First Lieutenant William C. Taylor. Second Lieutenant Isaac W. Short. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant James Whitney. Quartermaster Sergeant Frederick Waldo. Sergeant Charles Parker. Sergeant William Preston. Sergeant George A. Barrow. Sergeant Charles C. Mulford. Sergeant Orlando Crows. Sergeant Fritz Wilder. Corporal Thomas Donaldson. Corporal Alfred H. Graham. Corporal Joseph L. Simpson. Corporal William R. Burnett. Corporal William M. Mullen. Corporal Millen A. Smith. Corporal Thomas J. Laws. Corporal Joseph A. Sterritt. Trumpeter Frank Appeders. Trumpeter John Sayers. Farrier Joseph H. Porter. Farrier Robert Adams. Wagoner William Burt. PRIVATES. William Ayres, William Berne, William M. Bickley, Eli A. Bangs, Adam Bortle, Robert Blackburn, Thomas A. Babbitt, William J. Bates, Jesse Benson, George Brown, Josiah S. Clark, James F. Coons, Charles W. Cook, Milton Creters, John .Crawford, Joseph Carter, Norwood Chamberlain, Heiman Doerr, Homer Dixon, William L. Doughty, Freeman S. Donum, Thomas J. Eckert, Charles Forest, Charles Giebe, John Gray, Benjamin Heath, Henry Hard, Christian Hauber, William Hartsock, John Kean, James H. Keith, John Lyons, Joseph Myers, Charles Myers, Andrew Merk, Jacob Martin, Isaac B. Moore, Thomas Noble, George Neifer, Alonzo Noble, Jerry Newport, Bernard Noe, Robert W. Otway, Henry Posner, William Parshall, Charles Pfaff, Joseph Pierson, James Reed, William Rechel, George Rodgers, John Reyer, Theodore Seeger, Samuel Spaeth, John Stetler, Samuel Schenck, Lewis Sehneider, Charles Schenman, Timothy Sullivan, Charles Schwab, Barney Thornby, Jacob Vonvoeiller, Newton Woodruff, Charles Wadig, Frank Wheeler, Joseph Zumbaush, John Kaw. COMPANY B. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant Thomas W. Cook. Commissary Sergeant John E. Winder. Sergeant Gordon Haurmer. Corporal Wilson T. Cox. Corporal William Warren. Corporal Alfred Emery. Wagoner Frank Kunkell. PRIVATES. August Robert, Frederick Baker, Peter R. Budd, William . Bentnall, John W. Crisman, James A. Collins, John Covert, jr., Joseph Denning, Mahlon D. Edwards, Charles Emmerluth, Albert G. Floyd, William Hammel!, Alexander James, James Mathewson, Benjamin Mader, George McKinney, Edgar W. Parker, Frank S. Pendry, Oliver P. Stewart, George Strife, Joseph Fritch, Benjamin Vanamsinge, Lervig W. Wise. COMPANY D. PRIVATES. Sylvester Lawrence, Jacob Riger, Samuel Robinson, Charles Steelman, Lewis Walter. COMPANY E. PRIVATES. Henry Archer, Prestley Brachlin, Adolphus Brehan, James M. Clark, David T. Dodd, Robert W. Dunsmore, William Dixson, Michael Fruley, William Kind, Lewis C. Miller, Thomas Madden, John McDonald, Henry M. O'Brien, John Resh, John Reister, James M. Stewart, Michael Shallier, Benjamin F. Sheppard, Thomas Thompson, Joseph Tomask, Joseph H. Woodruff, John Wallace. FIRST OHIO INDEPENDENT CAVALRY COMPANY. This was raised in Cincinnati early in the war under State authority, for three months' service, before cavalry was called for by the general government. It was composed of an excellent class of young men from Hamilton and Butler counties, and was raised for three months' service by William H. Brudsall, of Cincinnati, who became its captain, aided by the active exertions and generous expenditure of the lamented Minor Millikin, who was its first lieutenant. The offices took rank from June 5, 1861; their commissions were issued June 3oth. After muster and equipment it was sent to western Virginia, and was used to superior advantage in the first campaign through that wild and broken region. It proved literally, in the familiar language of General Rosecrans, "the eyes of the army." During its service the officers and men were almost constantly in the saddle, guarding trains, scouting the wild passes of the mountains, and frequently meeting organized and unorganized bands of the enemy in hand-to-hand encounters. It was duly disbanded at the end of its short term, and most of its members went into the First Ohio cavalry, then recruiting for the three years' service. [We have been unable to find the roll of this company amid the very defective records of the three-months commands in the adjutant general's office at Columbus.] THIRD OHIO INDEPENDENT CAVALRY COMPANY. The early history of this command is very much like that of the First company just recited. It was raised about the same time, and for three months' service. It was purely a Cincinnati organization, raised under the personal supervision of Captain Pfau, from whom it was frequently called "Pfau's Company of Horse." In a short time it was ready for the field, and in early May was doing active duty in McClellan's campaign in western Virginia. While there it was noted for the energy and success with which it performed the work of scouting and skirmishing assigned it by the general. In August it re-enlisted, and was mustered in for the three-years' service, but the next spring its separate identity was lost in the cavalry regiments then being sent from Ohio to the field. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Philip Pfau. First Lieutenant Frank Smith. Second Lieutenant Frank Al Dowsman. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 183 NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Jonas Leaman. Quartermaster Sergeant Gottlieb Rappold. Sergeant Charles Gueden. Sergeant George Sehmidt. Sergeant Henry Zofe. Sergeant John Kech. Corporal Frederick Schmidt. Corporal George Henn. Corporal Lewis Brown. Corporal John Oesterle. Corporal Augustus Bierman. Corporal Frank Winter. Corporal Charles John. Corporal Richard W. Manly. Farrier Gerard Hashoff. Farrier Frederick Roby. Bugler John Heresch. Bugler George Hartner. Wagoner John Seebech. PRIVATES. John Barnchlegell, Joseph Bohnet, Jacob Bohn, Joseph Brust, Frederick Danbenbris, Charles Diker, Jacob Doener, Michael Donner, Frederick Damerline, Henry Dom, Henry Doemer, Henry Fanich, George Freeauf, Joseph C. Grannon, George Ebert, Henry Goas, Franklin D. Hunt, John W. Homan, Thomas Irin, Henry Kuhne, Meyer Kipstein, George Kufer, David Kuhn, Phillip Luchmann, Jacob Mazer, Frank Middendorf, Charles Mayraff, Cornelius McKenna, Michael Nusbaum, August Penslier, Anthony Reumer, William Rogers, Henry Reed, John Schweser, Michael Scheelsinger, Otto Spellerbrug, George Schniss, Conrad Strobinger, John Schmidt, August Schneider, Christopher Spitzky, Joseph Schaller, Woldeman Wahle, James F. White, Hermann Wilhibiher, Adam Zimmerman, John 'Lear, Frank Uedrich. FIFTH INDEPENDENT COMPANY OF CAVALRY.—(FREMONT'S BODY GUARD. This guard was a body of cavalry selected from a host of applicants, the necessary qualifications being high intelligence, fine physique, and a decided aptitude for military service. Without question it was one of the finest bodies of cavalry ever seen in the United States army. It was made up almost exclusively of young Americans from Ohio and Kentucky, only thirty foreigners being counted among its numbers. The guard especially distinguished itself at the battle of Springfield, Missouri, where one hundred and fifty men, under Major Zagonegi, routed a force of two thousand rebels. It advanced with caution until within half a mile, then halted and drew sabers; and a moment later they were dashing forward shouting "Hurrah for Cincinnati!" "Old Kentucky forever!" "Fremont and Union!" Fifty-two men fell' upon the field, four officers out of nine were wounded; but still they pressed on. The rebels soon broke and fled with a loss of one hundred and seven men killed and thirty captured. The field of battle gave distinct evidence of the fierceness of the conflict. In one place, not ten yards square, lay four dead horses and their fearless riders. This victory was achieved after a march of one hundred and five miles in forty-eight hours, upon one meal, and that little else than salt beef. When these young heroes returned to St. Louis, they were met by an order to disband them—" for sentiments expressed at Springfield," so the official document read; and the offensive sentiments were "Fremont and Union." No explanation was vouchsafed. The brilliant victory was ignored, and those men, returning triumphant from their first battle-field, were insulted out of. the service. They were refused rations, forage, clothes, and pay; and were reduced to the extremest suffering. General Sturgis went to review them before mustering out; but he was so much impressed by their appearance that he declared himself unable to discharge such men, and so the ceremony was postponed. Price appeared again upon the line of the railroad, and the demand for the guard placed it at once above par. Compliments were heaped upon the men, the best offers were made them if they remained in the service; but they felt too keenly their former insults, and accordingly were mustered out. The "Fremont Body Guard" occupies but one page in history, and none save its slanderers need blush at what is written there. It has been the subject of a graceful little volume entitled The Story of the Guard, written by Mrs. Jessie Benton Fremont. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain James S. Foley. First Lieutenant Joseph M. Kennedy. Second Lieutenant Isaac B. McLinn. PRIVATES. Jacob A. J. Bigler, George M. Blinn, John Boake, Charles Bodine, George D. Bonham, William T. Bowen, Marshall Bruce, John W. Burton, Amos G. Chapman, Francis Clark, Edwin Coolidge, Albert Coppers, George W. Craig, James W. Craven, Jerry Culan, Jerome F. Dandelet, Epaminondas Davis, James P. Day, Henry M. Dickens, Stephen M. Douglass, George Evans, David W. Fairchild, Josiah B. Fairchild, James K. Falls, William Farnam, Calvin C. Fay, John Fieber, Michael Fitzpatrick, George W. Gabriel, Alvin S. Galbreath, Norman Garrigus, John B. Gibner, Benjamin Giffen, William Haskelt, Thomas G. Herron, Israel C. Higbee, William B. Higbee, Newton M. Holtsinger, Thomas Hughes, Charles H. Hunter, James B. Irvin, Mason Jackson, Charles P. Jones, Daniel Jones, William L. Kay, Edward M. Keehun, Robert Lee, Marcellus A. Leeds, Alexander C. Linfort, William C. Livingston, Stugis 0. Lovell, William S. Lowrey, Asa McKiphers, William McClellan, Samuel T. Messick, William A. Montgomery, Morris Mooney, Carey W. Moore, James B. Morgan, John H. Morrison, Charles Murphy, Justine Murphy, Peter Murphy, William H. Murphy, Richard Neff, John Newman, Allan Purdy, 'Francis Rath-bone, Jeremiah T. Reed, Tande L. Reed, Thomas Reynolds, Conrad Rotkin, Francis Rosh, Gesler Rudolph, Walker Y. Sedam, Leonidas Segor, Frank D. Skiff, George W: Sloan, Martin L. Smith, Benjamin Staebler, Henry Stevens, James A. Stewart, Richard Stockton, John F. Talbott, Sylvester Titsworth, James C. Thomas, James Thompson, John A. Thompson, Erastus Townsend, Harris Vanberger, Francis M. Van Horn, William H. Van Wade, Augustus Wexelburg, William C. Williams, John Giffen. SIXTH OHIO INDEPENDENT CAVALRY COMPANY. This was raised in Greene and Hamilton counties, in August and September, 1861, rendezvoused at Camp Dennison, and ordered to Washington September 23d. Here it was handsomely equipped and mounted, but not long suffered to remain a distinctive Ohio organization, being attached presently to the Third New York cavalry as company L, and joining is regiment at Camp Bates, near Poolesville, December 9th. It shared the fortunes of this command in the various campaigns of 1862-3-4, in Virginia and North Carolina, distinguishing itself greatly in the affair of September 6,1862, at Washington, North Carolina, where it lost ten men and fourteen horses; in the battles of Kingston, White Hall, and Goldsborough Ridge; and in the raids, scouts, skirmishes, and battles around Richmond in the early part of 1864. When the time of its muster-out came, very few were left of the original organization. As an evidence of the ability of the men who composed this company, it may be 184 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. mentioned that it furnished to the service one colonel, one major, four captains, and fourteen lieutenants. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Jeptha Ganard. First. Lieutenant James K. Wilson. Second Lieutenant Joseph C. Grannan. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant William V. Lawrence. Quartermaster Sergeant Thaddeus C. Spurgeon. Sergeant George F. Dean. Sergeant Thomas T. Sharp. Sergeant Henry Debus. Corporal John Campbell. Wagoner John Clouser. PRIVATES. Aaron Bibbe, James Bibbe, Daniel Bozie, Hiram Bryant, Timothy Clary, John Cummings, Byron N. Clark, William Carp, Henry Davis, Abraham Davis, Matthew Dougherty, Henry N. Ensnimger, Joseph P. Ewing, Adam Filer, Frederick William Fonderough, David M. Fisk, Thomas . Fogarty, William Hampton, Timothy Hogan, John Hawley, Samuel Hoffman, Ambrose Hoffman, Charles Howe, Samuel Geffraner, Joseph Goode, Thomas Jerry, Josiah Kaylor, Hankerton B. Kepler, Charles H. Libeaux, Charles W. Lawson, Mordeeai McKinney, Jeremiah McCarty, Lewis C. McCarty, Michael Miller, Amandus Michlman, William MeBride, William L. Miller, Charles H. Miller, Hugh J. McCune, Richard B. MeCracken, James H. McDowell, Samuel M. McMillen, James Mullony, John Neddeman, Hiram P. Parsons, Howard L. Palmer, Sidney D. Piles, Andrew Rodamer, Moses Rooche, Harvey C. Randall, Albert M. Spencer, Stanislaus T. Spencer, William Stephens, Edwin Stebbins, James B. Shaw, Adam H. Schryer, Charles Schwartz, William W. Shurtliff, January Spencer, August Shilling, Albert Snyder, James E. Scully, John D. Timmerman, George Wadsworth, Sampson . D. Whiteman, George Wilber, John Wait, William Archibald, Lewis H. Allen, William Boggs, John M. Bolen, James J. Burke, John Burns, William Bitner, George Bitner, Henry Bokna, John Booker, Francis C. Hole, John F. Hogue. FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER HEAVY ARTILLERY. The nucleus of this regiment was the One Hundred and Seventeenth Ohio infantry which was organized September 15, 1862, at Camp Portsmouth. On May 2, 1863, the regiment was ordered by the War Department to be changed into the First heavy artillery, and was recruited to the maximum strength of that organization. It served, however, mainly as infantry throughout its whole term. In January, 1864, it was ordered to Knoxville, Tennessee, where it remained till February 29th, when it started over the mountains, in the snow, for Knoxville, which place was reached March 9th. After various experiences, the command, in the spring of L865, was brigaded in the Department of the Cumberland, Colonel C. G. Howley, commanding. In connection with General Stoneman's raid and the general advance of troops, the brigade shut all the mountain passes to the retreating rebels in Virginia. After the surrender of Lee and Johnston the brigade was sent down to Ashville, North Carolina, and at Webster, Tennessee, received the surrender of the hostile Indians, under their chief; the rebel General Thomas. Returning to Greenville, Tennessee, the regiment remained in camp till July 55th, when it started homeward for the muster-out, and was lischarged and paid at Camp Dennison, August s, 1865. FIELD AND STAFF. Colonel Chauncey G. Hawley. Lieutenant Colonel Fordyce M. Keith. Major William G. Dickson. Major Robert W. Caldwell. Major Timothy S. Mathews. Quartermaster Sergeant Thomas J. Graham. Quartermaster Sergeant Robinson Klinsy. Commissary Sergeant Joseph W. Coffin. Commissary Sergeant August W. Ridgway. Surgeon Elbridge G. Hard. Surgeon Nelson B. Lafferty. Chaplain Tunis T. Kendrich. Sergeant Major Wallace E. Bratton. COMPANY A. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain William Carroll. First Lieutenant Joseph S. Jeffries. First Lieutenant Elisha Fitzwilliams. Second Lieutenant Clinton D. Evans. Second Lieutenant Charles W. Stinson. Second Lieutenant Daniel W. Friestone. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Corporal William W. McCune. Teamster John M. Donchey. PRIVATES. Moses Hawkins, Victor P. Hantenbeck, James Kearns, Robert J. Lind, Charles Trueax. COMPANY B PRIVATES. Jacob Close, Joseph Weigand; Corporal Robert Thorn. COMPANY C. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Second Lieutenant Edward W. T. Neff. Second Lieutenant Michael S. Keith. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant Henry M. Spaulding. Musician Benjamin Whitehouse. PRIVATES. Jacob Bohler, James M. Barnett, Bennett A. Carter, Charles W. Cook, Mahlon Easter, Elisha S. Gleason, William Harden, Wesley Hensley, Griffith Jones, John Kelly, James Linton, William McElhaney, Nyhill Miller, Henry I. Patton, Maurice Pechin, John D. Quamby, William H. Wyer, Edwin L. Dnake, Jacob Easter, Miehael O'Donnell, William Andrews, Harvey F. Drake, John F. Marsh. COMPANY D. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant Skees S. Forrester. Second Lieutenant William H. Bonsall. PRIVATES. Lewellyn Humphreys, James S. Hastings, Cyrus Jenkins, John E. Jones, Joseph H. Stevens, Michael Branch, W. A. Baldwin, Isaac Cole, John Copes, Perry McGraw, William S. McGraw, Levi Meeker, George W. Newman. COMPANY E. PRIVATES. William H. Fields, James M. Lewis, George S. Pile. COMPANY F. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant John Q. Shumway. Second Lieutenant David C. Howard. PRIVATES. Charles W. Boyer, Hiram Like, William McDonald, John Boon, Moses McCormick, John T. Fryberger, Andrew . Newland, Jabez E. Rothwell. COMPANY G. PRIVATES. William H. Thatcher, David D, Wells, Thomas M. Wells, Alexander Wayson, Gregory George. COMPANY H. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant William S. Martin. Second Lieutenant Joseph Rule. Second Lieutenant Lot Davies. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 185 PRIVATES. Welsey A. Walton, Charles Craig, Nehemiah Gregory, George W. Jones, Thomas Baldwin, Robert B. Covert, Robert Ross. COMPANY I. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant George Z. Dickerson. First Lieutenant Calvin C. Mingers. Second Lieutenant David Foster. Second Lieutenant Thomas M. Ferry. Second Lieutenant Hugh Shoop. PRIVATES. Jacob M. Power, William C. Cole, Eli McGuigan, Henry Ashton, John Griffin, Philip Wolf, John W. Easley, John Riley, Thomas J. Vastinc, Lawrence Purcell. COMPANY L PRIVATES. David A. Pickens, Scott Preble, Napoleon B. Pyleman, Edward Parker, Jesse Ruff, Jacob R. Rhodes, John Swallow, William L. Stevenson, Jefferson Swank, Oliver Snyder, Frederick Stall, Sheldon P. Straub, Jeremiah Sigris, Sylvester L. Smith, Emmit Schoonover, Wilson S. Stone, Anglo S. Stephenson, Martin Tisdle, Clement C. Thomas, George W. Taylor, Joseph V. Warner, Fergus S. Williams, William White, William G. Woodruff, Newell B. Wilson, Irving Weigins, John Wilson, Oliver Weiks, William El. K. Wagoner, Isaac Young, George Zeigler, Jacob 'Gall. COMPANY M. PRIVATES. William Clap, James S. Cross. SECOND OHIO HEAVY ARTILLERY. By the middle of 1863 the National armies had made important captures of forts and other strongholds belonging to the enemy. It became necessary to recruit a class of troops whose duty it should be to fortify, garrison and hold these captures. The One Hundred and Seventeenth Ohio infantry had already been used as a nucleus for the First heavy artillery, and its ranks had been recruiled up to the maximum standard. The Second Ohio heavy artillery, consisting of twenty-four hundred men, rank and file, was then authorized. It was made up of twelve batteries or companies, several of which contained men from Hamilton county. STAFF OFFICERS. Principal Musician William W. Hughes. Sergeant Major Thomas D. Woods. Sergeant Major John Williams. Sergeant Major George Anderson. COMPANY A. PRIVATES. William Myers, Walter Stevens. COMPANY B PRIVATES. john Wallace, Joseph Hockinger, George Geil, William Lloyd, Theodore Wright. COMPANY C. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant Daniel Stewart. Corporal Orson V. Kingsbury. Corporal David Parent. Corporal George W. Fitcher. Corporal William C. Aspinwall. PRIVATES. Theodore H. Aspinwall, James N. Booker, William Calhoun, Thomas Clark, Charles J. Clark, George W. P. Clinton, George F. Crockett, William DeArmand, James Fairbanks, James M. Fleming, August Freely, William C. Hall, William Henricks, George Jackson, Philip Johnson, Gilmore C. Jones, William C: C. Lewis, Philip Leighly, James Martin, George F. Melrose, Marshall McGrew, Moses Miller, Thomas Milliard, Lycurgus M. Swift, James Talbot, Benson Vanstand, Booth Westall, Samuel Wilson, Christopher Witeherellery, Joseph Rafter, John Comer, John H. McMehan, Frederick Binder. John Stang, Christian H. Schrotke. COMPANY D. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Captain John G. Denbeck. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Thomas Minderwood. First Sergeant George Wilson. Sergeant Christian Crumy. Sergeant George Meir. Sergeant Frederick Kloeffler. Sergeant John R. Highland. Corporal Frank Hazen. Corporal Peter Muhrmann. Corporal Mathias Sauer. Musician Anthony Kern. PRIVATES. Robert Barr, James Close, Balshaser Claner, Henry Doffinger, John Farwell, Julius Foerster, Joseph Grammelbach, Patrick Glancy, Louis Herzog, Franz Hundt, Frederick Hilebracht, William C. Jacob, Henry Kreamer, Henry Konn, Frederick Metzker, August Hall, Owen O'Connor, Theodore Raimann, Charles Roth, Henry Stuerenberg, George P. Schwab, John Sullivan, George Wilson, John Zriener, Joseph Swisler, William J. Allen, Lewis Brown, William Dietz, Matthew Frantz, Charles C. C. Hamilton, Gustavus Rosenberg, John Dilling, Henry S. Havencamp, Christopher Cooney. COMPANY E. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Second Lieutenant Edward R. Davidson. PRIVATES. William Smith, William Price, Henry Foote, John H. Miller. COMPANY F. PRIVATES. Solomon Fisher, Samuel Murdock. COMPANY G. PRIVATES. James N. Booker, George W. Lennox, George Leagraphes. COMPANY H. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain John F. Herbert. First Lieutenant James E. Dresbach. First Lieutenant John F. Wienewski. Second Lieutenant Ira Semple. Second Lieutenant Charles A. McManis. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant John Williams. Sergeant George Anderson. Sergeant D. Woods. Sergeant Joseph Hyde. Musician James B. Heiner. Musician Samuel S. Ulrey. Wagoner Francis M. Bates. PRIVATES. George C. Allen, Charles F. Adams, Francis M. Burris, Daniel S. Beman, William A. Baker, Frederick Benner, William Clark, Jeremiah Desmond, Michael Dolan, William Jackson, William Johnson, Henry R. A. Jarrell, Abdial Kittsmiller, Francis Lotis, Joseph Mitter, jr., George W. Owens, Hiram Rose, Asa T. Richards, John Stone, William Sheets, George B. Ulray, John Vogel, William Williams, Amos Williams, T. Ross Walker, William Lucas, John R. Smith. COMPANY I. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant Alonzo J. Thompson. Second Lieutenant William P. Chapman. PRIVATE. William Brady. COMPANY K. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Second Lieutenant Thomas M. Sechler. 54 186 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. COMPANY L. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. First Lieutenant William F. Huston. PRIVATES. John Ritman, Joseph M. Swan. COMPANY M. COMMISSIONED OFFICER. First Lieutenant John F. Wisnerosky. PRIVATES. William H. Ausman, James M. Anderson, Stephen Bollen, Jacob Bronn, John Cloyer, George Everhardt, John Huelberger, Gerhardt Loger, Monis Miller, Charles Storrs. FIRST REGIMENT OHIO LIGHT ARTILLERY.—COMPANY B. PRIVATES. Herman H. Alms, Henry Ainling. COMPANY F. Private Benjamin F. Gaskins. COMPANY G. Private John William. COMPANY H. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Corporal Marion Arnold. PRIVATES. John Harrison, Columbus Brannon, George Fisher, John Fisher, Peter Schaffer, John Dietz, Frank Fieber, A. R. Hathaway. BATTERY I. The nucleus of this was a company of light artillery recruited by Lieutenant Dammert, under the patronage of the city council of Cincinnati. Its first duty was that of guarding the fortifications and approaches to Cincinnati back of Newport, Mount Adams,. and Price's Hill. December 3, 1861, an order was received from the War Department, through Adjutant General Buckingham, to muster the battery into the service of the United States. This was done at Camp Dennison, and the organization was designated as battery I, of the First regiment of Ohio light artillery, Colonel. James Barnett commanding. January 26, 1862, the battery left Camp Dennison for West Virginia. It first landed at Parkersburgh, and from that place went by rail to New Creek, Virginia. It marched thence to Moorefield, February Jo, 1862, and at that place had its first engagement with the enemy. It then returned to New Creek, and went by rail to Clarksburgh, whew it lay for three weeks. March 26th the battery moved from Clarksburgh to Beverly, remaining at the latter place about ten days. It then moved over Cheat mountain to Monterey, and on April 25th took part in the battle of Dinwiddie's Gap, near Monterey. The battery was then taken over to McDowell, and near that place it aided in fighting the battle of Bull Pasture Mountain, in which it lost one man killed. Retreating down the valley to Franklin; it there joined General Fremont's forces and went into camp. On the movement of Fremont, it marcked with him to Strasburgh, and joined in the pursuit of the rebel army under Jackson up the Shenandoah valley to Cross Keys. Here it shared in the battle, losing one man killed and four woundedl After the battle the battery fell back to Middletown, Virginia, and went into camp. July 5th it was again on the march, and, passing through Sperryville and across the Blue mountains, it went into camp at Luray, Virginia. Its duties while it lay at Luray were very arduous, as the enemy was desirous of crossing the mountains into Luray valley. In its efforts to prevent this, the battery was almost daily engaged with the enemy. From Luray it marched to Culpeper, and took part in the battle of Slaughter's Mountain. It then fell back to Warrenton, and thence to White Sulphur Springs, where it again engaged the enemy. Reaching Freeman's ford, on the Rappahannock, it was again engaged. It then moved with General Pope's forces, and took part in the second Bull Run battle. It lost twelve men killed and wounded, and twenty-two horses. It also had two of its guns dismounted, and the rest of its pieces were so disabled as to be unserviceable. Lieutenant Dammert drew at Washington a complete new outfit. October t, 1862, it left Washington, marched to Fairfax Court House, and went into camp. November 1st it marched to Thoroughfare gap, and thence to Centreville. Thence it went to Fredericksburgh, and took part in the bombardment of that place. Falling back with the army, it went into winter quarters at Brooks' station. On the opening of the spring compaign, in March, 1863, the battery joined General Hooker's army, and took part in the Chancellorsville battle. Here it lost five men killed and six wounded, one gun, and sixteen horses. It then returned to Brooks' station, and on the reorganization of the Potomac army marched with it to Gettysburgh. In this battle the battery had four men killed and fifteen wounded, losing also nearly all its horses. Impressing horses from the neighboring farms, it moved with the army in chase of Lee. Crossing the Potomac at Berlin, it went into camp at Catlett's station. In October, 1864, ay. battery was transferred with the Eleventh and Twelfth corps to the army of the Cumberland, near Chattanooga. Lookout valley was the scene of its first engagement in the west. It was also engaged at Mission Ridge. The battery was then sent with General Sherman's forces to the relief of Knoxville. Returning, it went into camp at Chattanooga, and early in the spring joined in the Atlanta campaign. It was engaged in almost every battle of that campaign ; its losses summed up forty men killed and wounded, and Second Lieutenant John Kortzebue, killed in front of Kenesaw Mountain. From Atlanta the battery returned to Chattanooga, where it remained about three weeks; and its term of service having expired, it was sent to Camp Dennison, and mustered out of the service July 24, 1865. During the whole service of battery I, it was noted for its faithfulness and efficiency, and on numerous occasions was honorably mentioned in official reports by the generals commanding. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Henry F. Hyman. First Lieutenant William Damcsert. Second Lieutenant Samuel H. Day. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Quartermaster Sergeant Louis F. Doerr. Sergeant Chriss Whitman. Sergeant Henry Wood. Sergeant John Robert. Sergeant Barney Focke. Sergeant jack Simon. Corporal James Fitsimmons. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 187 Corporal W. Evans. Corporal Charles Fetzel. Corporal Conrad O. Grawling. Corporal Henry Kinkel. Corporal Thomas Kasper. Blacksmith John M. Weigel. Bugler John Kronaner. Bugler John Lust. PRIVATES. Vincent Buckhert, Frank C. Buekley, Joseph Bushlee, Frederick Beeser, Joseph Breggameier, Frederick Beaker, Julius Bugfelt, Jacob Ramer, Frederick Behymer, Ernest Boeger, Edward Bateman, Ralf Barnert, Frederick Bauer, Adam Boshner, J. R. Beckerstedt, John Boyer, Philip Buettner, Philip Buehenberger, Hile C. Crawford, Joseph Crary, Edmand Desporges, Anson Desilver, Lewis Dempsey, Dennell Elliott, Joseph Eiseman, Charles Egelhaaf, Joseph Fran-son, John L. Felner, George Flossman, Joseph S. Foerderer, William Grey, August Gerke, John Getz, B. F. Gaskin, John Geogan, H. Grupman, Frederick Hoegman, Henry Hardies, John L. Hofl, Gottlieb Herber, Jacob Huber, Henry Helker, Frederick Herreneonrs, Joseph Holcomb, Hems Heireman, George Loergens, Martin Knorr, John C. Keigel, John Kitzenger, Joseph Knepper, Frederiek Randrob, William Ligtenheld, Frederick Lucas, Moses Longeneckert, John Luscomb, Newton Lohrer, Mike Leopold, William McDonald, Clemens Macke, Andrew Merkle, Joseph Meyer, John Murry, Thomas McGuire, James Doly, George Meyer, Frederick Meyer, Robert Magee, Harry Niller, Hugh O'Hara, Henry Pfister, William Petey, George Pfaunkock, John Pfau, William Quinn, Peter Rackey, Charles Renihardt, John Robert, H. Scharnghuson, Charles Laak, Paul J. Schneider, Cowdrey Schwartzrauber, Matthias Starng, John Schneider, Louis Schmedlin, George Schlimt, John Schweiters, Frederick Schock, Henry Schran, Philip Smith, Henry Stoffel, Adam Thor, David P. Thompson, John W. Thomson, David Tracy, Bernard Traber, John H. Tiemeyer, Robert Utteir, Clement Vollherst, Henry Wuelzer, William White, George Weibel, John M. Weigel, James Wallace, Moses Wauldhauser, Roman Weber, William Walter, Adolf Weishrodt; Jasper Wilkie, Clement Weitzel, Adam Zeigler, Charles Wehrle, Julian Card, John Cary Charles E. Stockwell. COMPANY K. PRIVATES. Paul Boss, Robert Bantlin, Peter Bechel, Henry Blanky, August Dembsky. Randolph Duhse, Charles Ehrenstein, John Farby, William Hise, Charles Hauck, Gustav Humler, George Hoeffel, Charles Huber, Frederick Hauck, Michael Harman, Charles Keisel, Louis Keifer, Jacob Lafors, Jacob Lindner, Mathias Meerfield, John Maul, Jacob Meyer, Francis H. Metzger, Daniel Metzger, John Perrmann, Charles Smith, Gottlieb Shalor, Henry Spitzfaden, Henry Schaffer, Hugo Shroeder, Christopher Todt, Benjamin Walter, Frederick Wehlaman, Charles Zeische. COMPANY M. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Sergeant August Lasse. PRIVATES. Joseph Backlot, Joseph Brackmier, Joseph Futscher, Alonis Gepphard, Andrew G. Stack, Thomas Roffe, Jacobs Riebs, Seraphin Schuechter, Benjamin H. Gaskins, Henry Girtler. Recruits.— Privates Henry L. Griffith, Thomas Minford, Theodore Crowell. FIRST OHIO BATTERY. PRIVATES. Demmons, Peter Conton, Lambert Beecking, Joseph Fanic, David Hutchinson, John Jacobs, William Jones, Dennis Martin, Frederick Meyers, Philip Schattong, Walter Slivers. SECOND OHIO BATTERY. PRIVATES. Frederick O'Brien, Jaeob Potts, Albert H. Sprague, Byron Williams. THIRD OHIO BATTERY. Private William Annis. FOURTH OHIO BATTERY. This was organized at Cincinnati by Captain Lewis Hoffman, in August, 1861, was mustered in on the seventeenth, left camp the next day, and reported in St. Louis August 21st. It there received a full equipment of James' rifled guns and all other necessaries. It was assigned to duty with General Siegel's division, and accompanied it in all its operations in southeastern Missouri. Springfield was occupied February 13, 1862, Price having evacuated it the night before. The battery joined in the pursuit, which continued for a week, and had frequent engagements with the rebel rear. At Bentonville, Arkansas, on the return, the rear of the Federal force was in turn attacked, and was covered in its movements by the Fourth. March 7th it moved with Osterhaus' division to the battle of Pea Ridge, in which it was very closely engaged, losing four men and one caisson captured, three men wounded, and one horse killed. It then marched over terribly bad roads to Helena, Arkansas, reaching that place July 14th. August 16th- it was in an expedition to Milliken's Bend, where it captured the rebel steamer Fair Play, loaded with munitions of war for Price's army. August 16th, at the same place, a rebel infantry regiment was surprised and put to flight, and its entire equipment captured. During September the battery was in camp at Helena, and encamped at Pilot Knob, Missouri, during part of October and November. Returning to Helena November 23d, it was taken thence to Camp Steele, Mississippi, and remained there till December 19th, when it joined Sherman's expedition against Vicksburgh, and was prominent in the assault at Chickasaw Bayou. It was also engaged at the capture of Arkansas Post, January r 1, 1863, and had a gun disabled by a solid shot from the enemy. January 29th the battery took position at Perkins' plantation, on the Mississippi, to keep transports from going up to Vicksburgh. There and at Ballard's farm it did such duty till April d, when it was taken to Greenville and watched the enemy until the twenty-sixth, when it started anew for Millikin's Bend. In May it moved to Grand Gulf, and thence with the army to Vicksburgh, where it held its place in the lines till the surrender. It participated in the pursuit of Johnston, and in front of Jackson fired nearly five hundred rounds into the city. September 2d it was again at Vicksburgh; September 28th at Memphis, where a caisson exploded and killed three privates. October 2d it was in the battle of Iuka, and in other sharp encounters about this time. In November it made the long march from the Tennessee near Chickasaw to Chattanooga, arriving on the twenty-third, and joining the rest of the Fifteenth corps. November 24th it, with its division (Osterhaus'), was in the battle of Lookout Mountain. At Mission Ridge two of the six-pound rifles of the battery were exchanged for four twelve-pounders taken from the enemy. In December it was mostly in camp at Larkinsville, Alabama, moving thence to Woodville, January r, 1864, where it remained in camp four months. May 1st, with the First division of the Fifteenth corps, it headed for Atlanta; was in the battles of Resaca, Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw, Atlanta (where it rescued the captured guns of an Illinois battery), and Ezra Church (where it was exceedingly imperiled), and in many minor affairs. August 14, 1864, 188 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. its term having expired, it was relieved on the battleground by infantry, reached Cincinnati on the twenty-third, and was mustered out on the twenty-ninth. Those of its recruits whose terms had not expired were assigned to duty with the Tenth Ohio battery. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Lewis Hoffman. Captain George Froelich. First Lieutenant Lewis Pederit. First Lieutenant Lewis Zimmerer. Second Lieutenant Frank Max. Second Lieutenant George H. Hang. Second Lieutenant George Hust. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Charles Zeelinsky. First Sergeant Christian Goekel. Sergeant Amandus Pyeske. Sergeant George Broeekel. Sergeant William Maescher. Sergeant Philip Huber. Sergeant Herman Blume. Sergeant William Linderman. Sergeant Ferdinand Linck. Sergeant Andrew Nall. Sergeant Charles Neminger. Sergeant Benjamin Harberland. Sergeant Andrew Majeroski. Sergeant Conrad Zmcher. Sergeant Jacob Albert. Corporal Conrad Ebner. Corporal Frederick Genooekarva. Corporal Albert N. Hoffman. Corporal Anthony Taune. Corporal John Rohr. Corporal Philip Kling. Corporal Frederick Anforth. Corporal Matthias Linderich. Corporal Charles Urban. Corporal Max Joseph Hauck. Corporal William Guhe. Corporal George Seigle. Corporal Frank Kauffman. Corporal William Kerler. Corporal Frederick Lindenman. Bugler John B. Buesterer. Bugler William Keller. Bugler Phillipp Ott. Artificer Arnold Fricke. Artificer Christian Kleb. Artificer Charles Stauss. Artificer William Valk. Artificer Richard Stemshorn. Artificer William Sehlei. PRIVATES. Nicolas Altmeyer, Henry Betz No. 1, Henry Betz No. 2, George Bumk, William Bruckhard, Joseph Bens, Lewis Brauntz, Joseph Brent ung, John Breitung, Charles Binz, William Boeltzner, Henry Beuse Herman Ballenberger, Charles Beutel, Henry Broders, Henry Berthel, Charles Bintz, William Cappen, William Dietering, Charles Dittmar, Andrew Diensebier, Herman Dreyer, Henry Doern, Lewis Dixson, Herman Eppenstein, John Eggert, John Eisele, William Esslinger, Vincenz Eirgel, Ferdinand Erdman, Henry Eggemeyer, Rudolph Frese, Joseph Funk, John Fauk, Henry VonFilde, Anthony Freidman, Henry Fischer, Joseph Frank, Charles Gerard, Michael Geisel, Lewis Griminger, Lorenz Groner, Andrew Goetz, Peter Harnzelman, Michael Helck, Joseph Haas, Zoachim Hellstern, Gottlieb Helwig, William Heincke, Daniel Hutzel, John Joerger, Christian Jacobs, George Koenig, Michael von Kerman, Henry Kern, Jacob Klopp, Nicolaus Klopp, Lewis Krinn, Henry Knoll, John Kuntz, Henry Kapsce, .Anthony Koenig, John Keutner, Christian Keutner, Emil King, Ignatz Koch, Fred. . Koch, Jacob Linkstein, Daniel Leabald, Louis Loftier, Paul Lenker, John Henry Linker, George Leuchtweiss, John Lang, Lewis Melcher, John Meyer, John Merkel, Nicolas Markowitz, Anthony Meyer, Frank Moerhrlein, George Mentel, Christian Marcus, Adam Markley, Leopold Musshaden, Herman Maas, August Meyer, Conrad Munding, Simon Nied, Joseph Nagel, William Nagel, August Nicola, Gustav Natlte, Charles Ott, Nicolas Ohio, Henry Plasphol, John Powers, Henry Quitsehreiber, Henry Ralfing, Charles Raff, Norris Schnieke, Henry Sarenberg, Henry Spitzer, Jacob Sieber, George Schaub, Christopher Schrag, Christian Schall, George Spath, John Stang, Kasper Schemetzler, Christian Schaffers, George Anthony Schneider, Matthias Stall, August Schnurr, Ferdinand Supper, Joseph Schaffers, Ferdinand Schram, Verner Schlumph, Frank Schneider, Joseph Trautwein, Henry Tricsel, Nicolas Velten, Joseph Weber, William Wergo, William A. Wulzer, Frederick Windmuller, Gregory Wernz, Conrad Weiss, John Wallenkaupt, John Wann, John F. Westbrook, Benedica Zimmerman. FIFTH OHIO BATTERY This was recruited by authority of General Fremont, then in command in Missouri. On the twenty-second of September, 1861, the organization was effected, and on the eleventh of October it was ordered to Jefferson City. Before the arrival there, General Fremont was removed from his command, and a long period elapsed before sufficient arms and equipments could be procured to fit the regiment for service. March 7, 1862, the battery shipped on a steamer, proceeded to Savannah, Tennessee, and thence to Pittsburgh Landing. On the fifth of April it joined the command of General Prentiss, encamped not far from Shiloh church. In the engagement the next day, it lost in this, its first battle, one man killed, twenty wounded, two pieces, four caissons, sixty-five horses, and all camp and garrison equipage. General Grant now organized a force to move down into Mississippi by land, to operate against Vicksburgh; and in a few days, the entire army at Corinth, except a garrison for the place, moved westward, the sixth division stopping for the time at Grand Junction, Tennessee. On the eleventh of November, Lieutenant Burton, who was wounded at the battle of Pittsburgh Landing, and since his recovery had been with his lately recruited men watching Kirby Smith's movements near Cincinnati, joined and took command of the Fifth at Grand Junction. The next day it started with the rest of General Grant's army southward into Mississippi, and reached Holly Springs on the twenty-ninth. On the twelfth of December, the battery went into camp at Yocana creek, eleven miles south of Oxford, which was the turning point of its march, though the cavalry went some distance farther. The surrender at Holly Springs, and the consequent loss of stores, put the men at once on three-quarter, and soon on half rations. January 5, 1863, the division marched to Holly Springs and remained up to the tenth, forming the rear-guard of the army. During the entire march, going south and returning, the destruction by fire was immense; and the climax was reached the night before the last troops left Holly Springs by the burning of more than half the town. On the seventeenth of May orders came to embark for Vicksburgh. The two months of previous inaction had put the battery in the best possible condition. On the passage down the river, the fleet of transports was fired into by guerillas, and a number of soldiers were killed and wounded. In retaliation, the troops landed and burned the village of Greenville. On the first of June the battery took position before Vicksburgh in the siege proper, and was not again off duty till the end of the siege. On the morning of July 4th, HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 189 two hours after the surrender, the battery started in pursuit of Johnston. The first day's march was the most intensely hot, dusty, and exhausting the men had probably ever experienced, though they travelled only ten miles. The expedition was under General Sherman, and consisted of the Thirteenth, of which the Fourth battery was then part, the Fifteenth and the Ninth army corps. Jackson was reached on the eleventh. The morning of July 17th found the city evacuated by the rebels, and it was at once occupied by our troops, who pursued Johnston no further. Nearly all the large buildings in lhe place had been burned at its former occupation, and the work was now completed. Four days afterward the march back to Vicksburgh began, and ended on the twenty-fourth, without notable incident. The battery was now ordered to Helena, Arkansas, and, arriving there, started September 13th, with other troops, with the intention of capturing and occupying Little Rock. Before starting, and on the way, there was much sickness; at one time there were but two well men in the entire command. A period of rest now occurred, during which the battery reached its proper standard by the arrival of recruits from Ohio. It formed a part of the army of occupation of Arkansas, and of the garrison of Little Rock for the remainder of its term of service. On the twentieth of September, those Of the original command who were left, excepting fifteen who had re-enlisted, were mustered out and returned home. The battery was then remustered into service, and recruits gave it nearly its original strength. July 31, 1865, the war being over, the battery finally ceased to exist. VETERANS. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Andrew Hickenlooper. Captain Theophilus Kates. First Lieutenant Charles J. Marsh. First Lieutenant Henry J. Stegeman. First Lieutenant Walter J. Trotter. Second Lieutenant Ozu L. Edwards. Second Lieutenant Alexander Temple. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant Frank M. Vanhorn. Quartermaster Sergeant William H. H. Amett. Sergeant Benjamin I. Southard. Sergeant Henry Brcstly. Sergeant George Collin. Corporal James Shultz. Corporal Henry Wolff. Corporal William Rhegness. Corporal William Cary. Corporal Henry Dawson. Corporal John Weaver. Corporal William Johnson. Corporal John W. Orton. Artificer Florenz Sellner. Artificer George Dittoe. Bugler John B. Jones. Bugler Balthas Reif. Farrier William S. Garner. Wagoner Mark Woods. PRIVATES. Andrew Arnold, Milton S. Allen, Theodore Austin, Edward Bohl, Samuel Babbitt, George Bremer, Benjamin F. Brooks, Samuel Bretz, Jacob Beller, Henry V. Barnes, Fletcher Calvert, John Cottle, Ross Crossley, John L. Cassilly, Charles Carter, Peter Collins, William Chamney, John Deck, Timothy Donring, Lewis Epps, William H. Evans, John Filger, Daniel Focht, John Forbes, Patrick Fitzgibbon, Ebenezer Fuller, Thomas Fishbrume, John Fletcher, Eugene Horst, William Haslein, John Hampton, David Jones, William Johnson, William Koonce, John Kersey, Thomas Kearney, Jacob Karcher, Robert Kent, Andrew Long, Peter Mullen, Samuel McEwan, Richard McConghey, Lawrence Meddlecaff, Charles C. Morgan, John Morgan, Leroy Maygors, James Maloney, John Mitchel, Monroe Peters, William Price, Firman Preston, Lewis Reister, John Rodenstein, Edward Smith, George L. Smith, Nicholas Sebathus, John Sellins, John Stanford, Wellington Snedeker, Hazen E. Soule, Edward R. Slai, Robert Thomas, William Thompson, William Taylor, William Valentine, George Witherby, William 0. Weibeld, Thomas C. White, David C. White, Peter Werker, Alexander Widdersthand, Thomas B. Ward, Adam Young, Jacob Zartman. Died.—Private Joseph Meiering. Discharged.– First Sergeant John M. Bedel; Quartermaster Sergeants James . Allen, Henry H. Easter; Sergeant John M. Boyd; Corporals Malon M. Lucky, Joshua Vanderwater, jr.; Farrier James Shepherd; Wagoner Jacob Huber; Hospital Steward Isaac L. Smith; Privates Richard H. Hopper, Lewis W. Bloom, Charles Beltz, Andrew Brehan, Peter Bitner, Amon E. Berry, Henry C. Burnes, John M. Case, William Crook, John Dwyer, John Davis, John F. Davis, William T. Elliott, John M. Earnest, James Fisher, Peter Goranfle, Nicholas B. Hopper, John Huff, William Johnson, Martin Krommer, George W. Leonard, Theodore McDonald, Patrick Maloney, Jacob Martin, Martin McLaughlin, William Nichols, Clark Noble, Conrad Remp, David R. Ross, Joseph Smith, Brosper Segrist, Peter Stockel, Frank Schenermann, Jacob Sellner, Nicholas Wieand, John Urber. Transferred.—Charles Carroll, William Madden. NON-VETERANS. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Lieutenant John H. Hollinshade. First Lieutenant Anthony B. Burton. First Lieutenant Lewis C. Sawyer. First Lieutenant John D. Bromer. Second Lieutenants Julius F. Blackbrum. Second Lieutenant William L. Broadwell. Second Lieutenant Bellamy S. Matson. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Sergeant Sylvanus Clark. Sergeant John N. Havlin Sergeant Francis H. Jewett. Sergeant Victor Burnham. Corporal William R. McCormick. Corporal Hiram Kester. Corporal Henry Brushbaum. Corporal Walter F. Burbeck. Corporal Charles W. Burmyghs. Corporal Richard Jones. Corporal Perry C. Grunden. Bugler David Lank. Artificer George McKelvey. Farrier Jacob H. Day. Wagoner John V. S. Minard. Saddler William H. Howells. PRIVATES. Frederick Beck, Charles N. Boardman, John G. Bowers, William H. Bowers, John J. Grist, Emile Cloe, John Coon, Charles H. Curl, Ebenezer Colten, John Deppsler, William Davis, Joseph Dawson, Patriek Edwards, William Frank, Samuel Grunden, Ephraim Grunden, Charles V. Hearn, John Hay, James D. Harishan, Charles Hager, William M. Huey, David N. Jones, Robert W. Jones, John Kennedy, Casper Lambert, Henry Lotz, John Mundorff, Joseph T. Megruc, William Mead, Charles Notting, George Ott, Benjamin Fledle, George Pfeil, Moses D. Prindle, Enoch Plummer, Isaac W. Preston, Oliver N. Runyan, Frank Ribold, Isone Rhodes, Benjamin B. Smith, George Schneider, Jackson C. Shea, Schanan Souer, John Stevens, Andrew M. Trunk, Charles E. Utz, Cornelius A. Vickers, William Vickers, John Weaver, Thomas Weber, Cyrus R. Young. Killed in Battle.—David Peterson. Died.—Sergeants George Grigg; Corporal Jacob W. Anderson; Privates George W. Burkey, Alonzo Bartlett, Daniel J. Brink, Samuel Brink, Abner Bone, Joshua H. Bye, Henry Blackman, Henry Call, John Davis, David H. Dobbins, William Engle, Jacob Eyrlitt, Howell H. Howells, Howell D. Howells, Hopkin Hopkins, Matthew J. Johston, George Jacobs, Joseph . Lake, Joseph P. Marsh, William McCullum, 190 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. Alexander McDonald, William Milar, George W. Pross, Irvin Reed, John Somlynn, Nicholas Stumpf, John Sheldon, Lorenzo Stevens, Benton Temple, Jacob W. Wagner, John Windorff, Henry G. Ganckler. Discharged.—Sergeants Elmore Y. Munsell, Seth Sutherland; Corporal Edward Y. Myers; Privates William H. Anderson, Thomas Black, August A. Brcnner, Joseph Bunting, Valentine Burbriek, William P. Boyd, Reuben Carr, Nathan W. Cronch, Leroy D. Cooper, Henry L. Diniver, Phillip Dick, Samuel W. Faulknar, Benjamin Fisher, William C. Gray, Sumner T. Greene, Charles R. Greene, Henry R. Heap, Joseph Henry, George W. Hartwell, Seth W. Hartwell, Robert H. Jones, David Jones, John Jones, Sebastian Kume, Frederick Kost, George Kimball, Thomas Lank, William McCaul, William F. Palmer, James M. Randolph, William H. Richards, Alfred T. Sinker, John W. Shultz. John C. Storkler, Ely Stoten, Abraham Shively, John . Smith, Francis E. Watson, James Vanmetre. Transferred.—Private Henry Alexander, George Coltin, Charles Grady, Conrad Weiss, Charles A. Wilby. Missing after Battle.--William H. Bowens, Benjamin F. Odle, George Pfeil. SEVENTH OHIO BATTERY. This battery was organized at Camp Dennison and mustered into the United States service January 1, 1862. April 11th it arrived at Pittsburgh Landing and reported to General Grantl On the 20th the advance on Corinth was commenced, and the Seventh moved with the army until the evacuation of that place. At Coldwater, Tennessee, it had a skirmish with the enemy. At the Big Hatchie, the rebels were met and routed. Between December 12, 1862, and January 6, 1865, this command bore honorable part at Vicksburgh Jackson, Mississippi, Natchez and Meridian. At the latter date the captain and fifty-one men were mustered out of service, by reason of expiration of term of enlistment. After this time the men did duty as infantry at Jackson until July, 1865, when, at Camp Chase, they were mustered out, paid and discharged. PRIVATES. James B. Althoff, John Boffing, Thomas Boffing, Henry . Ball, Edward Bradley, Richard Benson, John L. Barger, Miles Clark, Charles Case, Patrick Canoll, Charles Digner, Thomas Edwards, James Fyfe, George Galbreath, Oliver Hamer, William Hervey, Daniel Johnston, Frank Johnson, William Large, Peter McDermott, Frederick Miller, William B. Meeker, Frank W. Pierson, Thomas Simmons, Henry Sickman, Daniel Stickles, Philip Smith, William Shankenberger, John Snell, Nicholas Vanpelt, Maxwell G. Whittlesey, George Waxler, William Welch. Discharged.—Privates Nicholas Beck, Ernst Kutteruff, Ernest Wolf, Otto Buschgens. EIGHTH OHIO BATTERY. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER. Bugler Oswald Jericho. PRIVATES. Henry Dickman, Gottleib Grerner, John Hausler, Jacob Rushel, Joseph Williax, Jacob Shaller, James Shoemaker, Samuel Wheeler. TENTH OHIO BATTERY. On the third of March, 1862, this battery completed its organization. Its first movement was to St. Louis, thence to Pittsburgh Landing. Afterwards it was in reserve at the siege of Corinth, and at Iuka did garrison duty. October 4th, near Corinth, it had a successful skirmish with the rebels, whom it pursued as far as Ripley, when it retunred to Corinth. The next movement was to Grand Junction and into Mississippi. It then formed part of the garrison of Holly Springs. After numerous changes of location, and many long and dangerous marches, on the twenty-eighth of July the battery entered Vicksburgh, and camped just above the cemetery. In August only seventeen of seventy-two men were fit for duty. The garrison during the winter, received about ninety recruits. Thirty-two, out of fifty-four eligible men, re-enlisted, and On the eighth of April, 1864, the command left for Cairo. At Ackworth it became a part of the Fourth division of the Seventeenth army corps. On the tenth of June it took position at the front, and, with the exception of July 4th, was engaged every day for a month in front of Kenesaw Mountain and at Nicojack Creek. March 13, 1865, the Fourth and Tenth Ohio batteries were consolidated. They were mustered out at Camp Dennison, July 17, 1865. The name of the Tenth was retained by the consolidated batteries. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Quartermaster Sergeant George Dasher. Corporal Calvin Swift. Corporal James King. Corporal Andrew Schaffer. Corporal Henry Owens. Bugler John G. A. Trimble. Bugler Charles Mayer. Wagoner John W. Friend. PRIVATES. John M. Armstrong, James S. Beamis, William Boelzner, Anthony Boehm, Theodore Becker, Anton Brewer, James Bolander, John A. Conger, Andrew J. Crossman, Dennis Delaney, Frank Dittimer, Lewis Dixon, William H. Ditton, John F. Droste, Augustus Fisher, Joseph Funk, John Fieber, Albert Gauss, Henry P. Gross, Charles Hamway, Edward Humphreys, Nicholas Herbert, John Irion, Henry P. Jones, James Judy, Peter N. Joute, Emil King, Ignatz Koch, William Koepler, Frank Knauber, Milton P. Layman, Myers Mitchell, James C. Morgan, George Morre, Frank Malen, George Metzs, Henry Meyer, Gustave Nolte, Philip Ott, Louis Philips, George Pfeifer, William Pritchard, Herman Powers, Charles Ramsey, Levi W. Robinson, John Ruhle, Gottlieb Reiner, James Ryan, George Smith, Frederick Suppers, Joseph Schaffers, Joseph Strehle, Frederick Schauffert, John F. Stephens, George Tay, Achilles Farrant, George Vehr, John Wollenhaupt, Jacob Wilson, Charles Weiland, Frederick Young, Henry R. Brown, John Britton, George Cave, Charles Hummel, Robert Morrison, John Thompson, Lewis Lugue. ELEVENTH OHIO BATTERY. This was recruited in Hamilton, Athens, Butler, Vinton, and Wyandot counties, August loth to September with 15, 1861, and mustered in at St. Louis October 27th, one hundred and fifty-seven men. It had two six-pound rifles, two six-pound smooth-bores, and two twelve-pound howitzers, with full equipment. October 26th, at department headquarters, the battery was presented by Mrs. Fremont with a superb silk guidon. Its earlier service in Missouri was severe, but not particularly eventful. It was in the affair at New Madrid and Island No. to, and brought in two rebel six-pounders as trophies. It went with General Pope to Hamburgh Landing and Corinth, where it was heavily engaged, and participated in the chase to Ripley. At the battle of Iuka it was charged three times, and lost two officers and fifty-five men killed and wounded, more than half of the entire number it had on the field, besides all their horses and all their harness and equipments. It was subsequently engaged in the siege of Vicksburgh, and the battles of Raymond, Clinton, Jackson, and Champion Hills, served in Steele's expedition to Little Rock, where it became sharply engaged; and thereafter was occupied with train-guard and garrison duty, and comparatively unimportant expedi- HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 191 tions, until the expiration of its period of service, when it was transported to Columbus, and there mustered out November 5, 1864. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Captain Archibald G. A. Constable. First Lieutenant Cyrus Sears. Second Lieutenant Frank C. Sands. Second Lieutenant David A. Southworth. Second Lieutenant William D. Linn. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. First Sergeant William W. Willey. Quartermaster Sergeant William M. Wynne. Sergeant Jesse Hunt. Sergeant Joseph Taylor. Sergeant William K. Terrine. Sergeant Henry C. Kelton. Sergeant Norris F. Jellison. Sergeant John A. Morgan. Corporal Charles Balser. Corporal Joseph Sadler. Corporal Job J. McCreight. Corporal Benjamin Huber. Corporal Fletcher E. Armstrong. Corporal John H. Bradley. Corporal Peter D. Staals. Corporal Alonzo A. Kimball. Corporal John Bringman. Corporal Amos B. Alger. Corporal William Brush. Corporal Richard Bauer. Artificer John Ashenhurst. Artificer Michael R. Dollway. Artificer William W. Rosey. Bugler Samuel D. Jones. Bugler George Schilback. PRIVATES. Theodore Allen, Milo Allen, George Bangard, Valentine Burkis, John L. Barger, John Bassion, Daniel Bauchman, James W. Libby, Leonard Bothwill, William H. Balser, Daniel F. Brewer, Elias Bringman, Jerome B. Brooks, William Bowen, Amos P. Brewer, George W. Beech, Asa Brush, George W. Buckley, Mortimer D. Butler, Oscar Carpenter, John W. Cherry, James M. Clouse, Obadiah Clouse, William H. Clark, Francis M. Cooper, John Cosgrove, Ferdinand Cramer, William Crawford, Thomas D. Davis, John F. Davis, John Dean, John Dearden, James Deivine, William Dorg, William H. Dorn, John C. Dorn, William H. Dixon, Patrick Doherty, Peter Erb, James R. Ewing, John Ettle, Jacob Everhart, Thomas Fitzgerald, Matthew Free, David A. Galusha, Moses Ganber, Samuel Gilmore, William S. Goddard, Martin V. B. Hall, Charles Huglin, James Haves, Lewis B. Henry, John F. Heltzell, Daniel Henow, David M. Hill, John H. Haughay, John Holland, John Hoover, John C. Hunter, John M. Ike, John R. Jurey, David Keyt, Patrick Lacy, Hiram McDonald, Andrew J. McCreigh, John A. McCarty, John J. McCowne, Lewis W: Mathewson, George Miller, Josiah Miller, Michael Miller, Jacob T. Matson, Joseph Moore, Asa Mulford, David W. Montgomery, John Mowrey, Henry McLaughlin, Samuel Nelson, Charles P. Osborne, Arza B. Pitcher, William W. Powell, James R. Reed, Charles Rhodes, Charles H. Riley, Lewis Ridling, Nathaniel Resser, David L. Robinson, Joseph Roberts, Samuel Roberts, John Robbins, Henry B. Root, John Scholl, William Sallie, Daniel Smith, William H. Swazze, Sharlock Stoufer, Robert Swegle, Samuel Stickler, Peter Sersain, Ira C. Swazze, Francis M. Wilson, Washington Walton, Michael F. Wisenberg, George Weidner, George . Walker, Henry M. Welsh, Zachariah Welsh, Henry C. Worley, Martin N. Worley, Jerome Woolsey, James W. Whitlock, Milton D. Whaley, Silas Wheaton, Andrew Wolf, William H. Woodcock, John G. Taylor, Thomas Taylor, James M. Towers, Stephen Trimble, Levi Tidwell, William Valentine, Martin McLaughlin. TWELFTH OHIO BATTERY. PRIVATES. William H. Parmer, Milton S. Pollock. FIFTEENTH OHIO BATTERY. Private Jesse R. Nusum. SEVENTEENTH OHIO BATTERY. PRIVATES. John H. Baker, Henry W. Crozier, Albert J. Wakefield, Charles H. Nichols, Frederick O'Brien. EIGHTEENTH OHIO BATTERY. On the twenty-second of August, 1863, the necessary number of men to constitute a new six-gun battery were enlisted, and in camp. September 13th, they were mustered into service at Camp Portsmouth. The first engagement in which the battery participated, was about three miles from Spring Hill, Tennessee, on the fourth of March, 1864. The second was on the day following at Thompson's Station. From this time the enemy attacked the National pickets daily. On the tenth of April Franklin was attacked, but unsuccessfully. The twenty-seventh of June Shelbyville was taken by the advance of the Fourteenth army corps, of which the Eighteenth formed an important part. In the battle of Chickamauga the battery did good service. September 21st, the enemy was again defeated at Rossville Road Gap, in Mission Ridge. Following this, the battery was under fire, and engaged with the rebel batteries on and near Moccasin Point for fifty-six days. Nothing of great importance occurred until the fifteenth of December, when it was in the battle of Nashville, where it did great execution with shell and solid shot. It joined in the pursuit that followed, and was in camp the most of the time after the until the order was received to muster out. The battery was discharged at Camp Dennison June 29, 1865. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. Corporal Malachi Brigham. Corporal Richy A. Thomas. Corporal Patrick O'Doud. PRIVATES. John Hart, Thomas Wallace, George W. Beadle, George Coy, Michael Coogan, Reinhard Christ, Darius Crossline, Edward Crotly, Michael Cowan, David Culliton, Charles Dicks, Samuel Dothwait, John Donohue, John Dougherty, Ferdinand M. Dugan, Dennis Ennis, John Fillspatrick, John Forrester, James Finley, John Farrell, Michael Feller, Jeremiah F. Hatpin, Patrick Heelan, John Habback, John Haab, John Joice, Thomas Kelly, John Lloyd, James Malone, James B. Martin, James J. MeBride, James Macon, Thomas Mahoney, John V. Mulvey, Edward O'Donald, George Rink, Michael Raney, Michael Ryan, J. Redmond, Henry Wolfe, Henry Kummings, Patrick Skinney, Michael Brophy. TWENTY-FIRST OHIO BATTERY. PRIVATES. Charles Campbell, James Fitzpatrick, Thomas Martin; Sergeant William G. Ross. TWENTY-SIXTH OHIO BATTERY. Private Christian Seifert. Many Hamilton county soldiers were also in the regiments and batteries from other States, and in the gunboat service. The number of men offered by Ohio, upon the first call of the President, was so greatly in excess of her quota that, notwithstanding the State put in the field several additional regiments at her own cost, many volunteers eager to serve were compelled to seek enlistment elsewhere. Kentucky offered a convenient receptacle for the overflow from southern Ohio; and the earlier Union regiments raised in that State were considerably recruited from Cincinnati and its vicinity. The Fourteenth Kentucky infantry and the First Kentucky battery, 192 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. for example, contained many men of Hamilton county. Others were in West Virginia, Indiana, Missouri and other State contingents; and not a few whose names, like those of men who went abroad to enlist, cannot be obtained now without great difficulty, and in many cases not at all, went into the regular army. Besides all these, and those who enlisted from Hamilton county in the regular army—whose names, like the others, it is not now practicable to obtain—there was the noble army of THE "SQUIRREL HUNTERS." The dangers threatening Cincinnati in the latter part of the summer of 1862 led Governor Tod, as we shall see more fully hereafter, in the chapter on "The Siege of Cincinnati," to make a general announcement to the men of Ohio that all who reported with arms in hand would be transported at public expense to that city, and received for the time being into the service of the State. Telegraphic tenders had already been made to the authorities of that city, of militia in large numbers from Preble, Warren, Greene, Butler, Franklin and other counties; so that thousands stood ready to answer the call without delay. Before daylight of the next morning after the proclamation of the governor, the tread of the advance of the grand army of Buckeye yeomen was heard upon the stony pavements of Cincinnati. As rapidly as possible the thronging hosts arriving were organized into companies and regiments, and sent to the works back of Covington, to the guard stations along the river, or to other posts of duty. The total number known to have entered this temporary service from the State at large is fifteen thousand seven hundred and sixty-six—which was doubtless exceeded by several hundreds .at least—of which Hamilton county furnished five hundred and four. Some peculiarity of dress in many of them, and the armament of numbers with light squirrel-guns, suggested the happy title of "Squirrel Hunters" for the entire unique contingent ; but by whom it was first applied the historian has failed to learn. The designation has, however, passed honorably into history. The squirrel, amid appropriale scenery, and the squirrel-hunter, in fitting costume and in the act of loading his fire-arm, appear in good style upon the discharge certificates granted the Hunters upon the termination of their service; and a spirited page engraving, in the first volume of Mr. Reid's "Ohio in the War," further illustrates and commemorates their personnel and deeds. The Hunters were not long needed. Their relief from 'service began within ten or twelve days after they were called out, and by the middle of September nearly all were relieved and had returned to their homes. One of the last battalions to be freed from the trammels of military organization was that stationed at Gravel Pit, on the Ohio & Mississippi railroad, to guard against the possible crossing of a rebel cavalry force at a shallow place in the river opposite that point. This command was under the personal direction of Major Richard M. Corwine, in general charge of the river defences, and was relieved on Tuesday, the sixteenth of September, .by the Nineteenth Michigan volunteer infantry. Three days previously Governor Tod telegraphed to Stanton, Secretary of War: "The minute-men, or 'Squirrel Hunters,' responded gloriously to the call for the defence of Cincinnati. Thousands reached the city, and thousands more were en route for it. The enemy having retired, all have been ordered back. This uprising of the people is the cause of the retreat. We should publicly acknowledge this gallant conduct." At the next session of the legislature an act was passedand approved March 11, 1863, ordering the preparation and issue of formal discharge certificates "for the patriotic men of the State who responded to the call of the governor and went to the southern border to repel the invader, and who will be known in history as the 'Squirrel Hunters." These papers, handsomely engraved and printed, and issued to large numbers entitled to them, read as follows: THE SQUIRREL HUNTERS' DISCHARGE. Our southern Border was menaced by the enemies of our Union. David Tod, Governor of Ohio, called on the Minute Men of the State, and the "Squirrel Hunters.' came by thousands to the rescue. You, ___, were one of them, and this is your Honorable Discharge. September, 1862. CHAS. W. HILL, Adj't Gen. of Ohio. Approved by  MALCOLM McDOWELL, Major and A. D. C. DAVID TOD, Governor. This was accompanied, in each case, by this ringing letter from the governor, neatly printed for the purpose: THE STATE OF OHIO, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, COLUMBUS, March 4, 1863. To_____, Esq., of _____ County, Ohio: The legislature of our State has this day passed the following resolution: Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Ohio, 'What rhe Governor be, and he is hereby authorized and directed to appropriare out of his contingent fund, a sufficient sum to pay for printing and lithographing discharges for the patriotic men of the State, who responded ro the call of the Governor, and. went to our southern border to repel rhe invaders, and who will be known in history as the "SQUIRREL HUNTERS." And in obedience thereto, I do most cheerfully herewith enclose a certificate of your service. But for the gallant services of yourself and the other members of the corps of patriotic "Squirrel Hunters," rendered in September last, Ohio, our dear State, would have been invaded by a band of pirates determined to overthrow the best Government on earth, our wives and children would have been violated and murdered, and our homes plundered and sacked. Your children and your children's children, will be proud to know that you were one of this glorious band. Preserve the certificate of service and discharge, herewith enclosed to you, as evidence of this gallantry. The Rebellion is not yet crushed out, and therefore the discharge may not he final; keep the old gun then in order; see that the powder-horn and bullet-pouch are supplied, and caution your patriotic mothers or wives to be at all times prepared to furnish you a few days' cooked rations, so that if your services are called for (which may God in fiis infinite goodness forbid) you may again prove yourselves "Minute Men" and again protect our loved homes. Invoking God's choicest blessings upon yourself and all who are dear to you, I am, very truly, yours, DAVID TOD, Governor. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 193 CHAPTER XII. THE MORGAN RAID THROUGH OHIO. THE great Rebellion brought two notable and memorable events to Hamilton county—the "Siege of Cincinnati" in the summer and fall of 1862, and the raid of John Morgan through southern Ohio, traversing the entire length of this county as he entered the State, in July, 1863. The story of the former will be related in the history of Cincinnati; that of the latter will be told here, in the general history of the county. It is extracted, very nearly, from Whitelaw Reid's admirable chapter on the subject in the first volume of his Ohio in the War, omitting some of the less important foot-notes, and embodying others in the text.* In July, 1863, Rosecrans lay at Stone River, menacing Bragg at Tullahoma. Burnside was at Cincinnati organizing a force for the redemption of east Tennessee, which was already moved well down toward the confines of that land of steadfast but sore-tried loyalty. Bragg felt himself unable to confront Rosecrans; Buckner had in East Tennessee an inadequate force to confront Burnside. But the communications of both Rosecrans and Burnside ran through Kentucky, covered mostly by the troops (numbering perhaps ten thousand in all) under General Judah. If these communications were threatened, this last force would at least be kept from reinforcing Rosecrans or Burnside, and the advance of one or both of these officers might • be delayed. So reasoned Bragg as, with anxious forebodings, he looked about the lowering horizon for aid in his extremity. He had an officer who carried the reasoning to it bolder conclusion. If, after a raid through Kentucky, which should. endanger the communications and fully occupy General Judah, he should cross the border and carry terror to the peaceful homes of Indiana and Ohio, he might create such a panic as should delay the new troops about to be sent to Rosecrans, and derange the plans of the Federal campaign. There was no adequate force, he argued, in Indiana or Ohio to oppose him; he could brush aside the local militia like houseflies, and outride any cavalry that could be sent in pursuit; while in his career he would inevitably draw the whole Union force in Kentucky after him, thus diminishing the pressure upon Bragg and delaying the attack upon East Tennessee. This was John Morgan's plan. Bragg did not approve it. He ordered Morgan to make a raid in Kentucky ; gave him carte blanche to go wherever he chose in that State, and particularly urged upon him the capture of Louisville, but, forbade the crossing of the Ohio. Then he turned to the perils with which Rosecrans' masterly strategy was environing him. *This chapter and that on the "Siege of Cincinnati," in the seeond part of this work, arc extracted from Ohio in the War, by the courteous permission of the publishers, Messrs. Wilstach, Baldwin & Company, of Cincinnati. We congratulate the Ohio public, and especially the soldiers from the Buckeye State in the late war, upon the prospect of a second and improved edition of this great work, which is contemplated by this house. It is one of those books which should never be "out of print "—an honor to the State, and a monument to the liberality and enterprise of its publishers and the industry of its compilers and editor. Morgan prepared at once to execute his orders; but at Cie same time he gave confidential information to Basil W. Duke, his second in command,, of his intention to disregard Bragg's .prohibition. He even went further. Weeks before his movement began, he sent men to examine the fords of the upper Ohio, that at Buffington Island among them, and expressed an intention to re-cross in that vicinity, unless Lee's movements in Pennsylvania should make it advisable to continue his march on northern soil, until he thus joined the army of northern Virginia. Here, then, was a man who knew precisely what he wanted to do. He arranged a plan far-reaching, comprehensive, and perhaps the boldest that the cavalry service of the war disclosed ; and before the immensely superior forces which he evaded could comprehend what he was about, he had half executed itl On the second of July he began to cross the Cumberland at Burkesville and Turkey Neck Bend, almost in the face of Judah's cavalry, which, lying twelve miles away, at Marrowbone, trusted to the swollen river as sufficient to render the crossing impracticable. The mistake was fatal. Before Judah moved down to resist, two regiments and portions of others were across. With these Morgan attacked, drove the cavalry into its camp at Marrowbone, and was then checked by the artillery. But his crossing was thus secured, and long before Judah could get his forces gathered together, Morgan was half way to Columbia. He had two thousand four hundred and sixty men, all told. Before him lay three States—Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio—which he meant to traverse; one filled with hostile troops, the others with 'a hostile and swarming population. The next day, at the crossing of Green River, he came upon Colonel Moore, with a Michigan regiment, whom he vainly summoned to surrender, and vainly strove to dislodge. The fight was severe for the little time it lasted; and Morgan, who had no time to spare, drew off, found another crossing, and pushed on through Campbellsville to Lebanonl Here came the last opportunity to stop him. Three regiments held the position, but two of them were at some little distance from the town. Falling upon the one in the town, he overwhelmed it before the others could get up, left them hopelessly in his rear, and double-quicked his prisoners eight miles northward to Springfield, before he could stop long enough to parole them.* Then, turning northwestward, with his foes far behind him, he marched straight for Brandenburgh, on the Ohio River, some sixty miles below Louisville. A couple of companies were sent forward to capture boats for the crossing; others were detached to cross below and effect a diversion ; and still others were sent toward Crab Orchard to distract the attention of the Union commanders. He tapped the telegraph wires, thereby finding that he was expected at Louisville, and that the force there was too strong for him; captured a train from Nashville within thirty miles of Louisville; picked up squads of prisoners here and there, and * Some horrible barbarities to one or two of these prisoners were charged against him in the newspapers of the day. of 194 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. paroled them. By ten o'clock on the morning of the eighth, his horsemen stood on the banks of the Ohio. They had crossed Kentucky in five days. When the advance companies, sent forward to secure boats, entered Brandenburgh, they took care to make as little confusion as possible. Presently the Henderson and Louisville packet, the J. J. McCoombs, came steaming up the river, and landed as usual at the wharf boat. As it made fast its lines, thirty or forty of Morgan's men quietly walked on board and took possession. Soon afterward the Alice Dean, a fine boat running in the Memphis and Cincinnati trade, came around the bend. As she gave no sign of landing, they steamed out to meet her, and, before captain or crew could comprehend the matter, the Alice Dean was likewise transferred to the Confederate service. When Morgan rode into town a few hours later, the boats were ready for his crossing. Indiana had just driven out a previous invader—Captain Hines, of Morgan's command—who, with a small force, had crossed over "to stir up the Copperheads," as the rebel accounts pleasantly express it. Finding the country too hot for him, he had retired, after doing considerable damage; and in Brandenburgh he was now awaiting his chief. Preparations were at once made for crossing over, but the men crowding down incautiously to the river bank, revealed their presence to the militia on the Indiana side, whom Captain Hines' recent performance had made unwontedly watchful. They at once opened a sharp fusilade across the stream, with musketry and an old cannon which they had mounted on wagon-wheels. Morgan speedily silenced this fire by bringing up his Parrott rifles; then hastily dismounted two of his regiments and sent them across. The militia retreated and the two rebel regiments pursued. Just then a little tin-clad, the Springfield, which Commander Leroy Fitch had dispatched from New Albany, on the first news of something wrong down the river, came steaming towards the scene of action. Suddenly "checking her way," writes the rebel historian of the raid, Colonel Basil Duke, in his history of Morgan's cavalry, "she tossed her snub-nose defiantly, like an angry beauty of the coal-pits, sidled a little toward the town, and commenced to scold. A bluish-white, funnel-shaped cloud spouted out from her left-hand bow, and a shot flew at the town, and then, changing front forward, she snapped a shell at the men on the other side. I wish I were sufficiently master of nautical phraseology to do justice to this little vixen's style of fighting; but she was so unlike a horse, or even a piece of light artillery, that I cannot venture to attempt it." He adds that the rebel regiments on the Indiana side found shelter, and that thus the gunboat fire proved wholly without effect. After a little Morgan trained his Parrotts upon her; and the inequality in the range of the guns was such that she speedily turned up the river again. The situation had seemed sufficiently dangerous. Two regiments were isolated on the Indiana side; the gunboat was between them and their main body; while every hour of delay brought Hobson nearer on the Kentucky side, and speeded the mustering of the Indiana militia. But the moment the gunboat turned up the river, all danger for the moment was past. Morgan rapidly crossed the rest of his command, burned the boats behind him, scattered the militia and rode out into Indiana. There was yet time to make a march of six miles before nightfall. The task now before Morgan was a simple one, and for several days could not be other than an easy one. His distinctly formed plan was to march through southern Indiana and Ohio, avoiding large towns and large bodies of militia, spreading alarm through the country, making all the noise he could, and disappearing again across the upper fords of the Ohio before the organizations of militia could get such shape and consistency as to be able to make head against him. For some days, at least, he need expect no adequate resistance, and, while the bewilderment as to his purposes and uncertainty as to the direction he was taking should paralyze the gathering militia: he meant to place many a long mile between them and his hard riders. Spreading, therefore, all manner of reports as to his purposes and assuring the most that he meant to penetrate to the heart of the State and lay Indianapolis in ashes, he turned the heads of his horses up the river towards Cincinnati; scattered the militia with the charges of his advance brigade; burnt bridges and cut telegraph wires right and left; marched twenty-one hours out of twenty-four, and rarely made less than fifty or sixty miles a day. His movement had at first attracted little attention. The North was used to having Kentucky in a panic about invasion from John Morgan, and had come to look upon it mainly as a suggestion of a few more blooded horses from the "Blue Grass" that were to be speedily impressed into the rebel service. Gettysburg had just been fought; Vicksburgh had just fallen; what were John Morgan and his horse-thieves? Let Kentucky guard her own stables against her own outlaws ! Presently he came nearer and Louisville fell into a panic. Martial law was proclaimed ; business was suspended; every preparation for defence was hastenedl Still, few thought of danger beyond the river, and the most, remembering the siege of Cincinnati, were disposed to regard as very humorous the ditching and the drill by the terrified people of the Kentucky metropolis. Then came the crossing. The governor of Indiana straightway proclaimed martial law, and called out the legion. General Burnside was full of wise plans for "bagging" the invader, of which the newspapers gave mysterious hints. Thoroughly trustworthy gentlemen hastened with their "reliable reports" of the rebel strength. They had stood on the wharf-boat and kept tally of the cavalry crossed; and there was not a man less than five thousand of them. Others had talked with them, and been confidently assured that they were going up to Indianapolis to burn the State house. Others, on the same veracious authority, were assured that they were heading for New Albany and Jeffersonville to burn Government stores. The militia everywhere HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 195 were sure that it was their duty to gather in their own towns and keep Morgan off; and, in the main, he saved them the trouble by riding around. Hobson came lumbering along in the rear—riding his best, but finding it hard to keep the trail ; harder to procure fresh horses, since of these Morgan made a clean sweep as he went; and impossible to narrow the distance between them to less than twenty-five hours. Still the purpose of the movement was not divined—its very audacity was its protection. General Burnside concluded that Hobson was pressing the invaders so hard, forsooth, that they must swim, across the Ohio below Madison to escape, and his dispositions for intercepting them proceeded on that theory. The Louisville packets were warned not to leave Cincinnati, lest Morgan should bring with them his artillery and force them to ferry him back into Kentucky. Efforts were made to raise regiments to aid the Indianians, if only to reciprocate the favor they had shown when Cincinnati was under siege; but the people were tired of such alarms, and could not be induced to believe in the danger. By Sunday, July 12, three days after Morgan's entry upon northern soil, the authorities had advanced their theory of his plan to correspond with the news of his movements. They now thought he would swim the Ohio a little below Cincinnati, at or near Aurora; but the citizens were more apprehensive. They began to talk about a "sudden dash into the city." The mayor requested that business be suspended and that the citizens assemble in their respective wards for defence. Finally General Burnside came to the same view, proclaimed martial law, and ordered the suspension of businessl Navigation was prac- tically stopped, and gun-boats scoured the river banks to remove all scows and flat-boats which might aid Morgan in his escape to the Kentucky shore. Later in the evening apprehensions that, after all, Morgan might not be so anxious to escape, prevailed. Governor Tod was among the earliest to recognize the danger; and, while there was still time to secure insertion in the newspapers of Monday morning, he telegraphed to the press a proclamation calling out the militia: COLUMBUS, July 12, 1863. THE PRESS OF CINCINNATI: Whereas, this State is in imminent danger of invasion by an armed force, now, therefore, to prevent the same, I, David Tod, Governor of the State of Ohio, and commander-in-chief of the militia force thereof, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the constitution and laws of said State, do hereby call into active service that portion of the militia force which has been orgamzed into companies within the counties of Hamilton, Butler, Montgomery, Clermont, Brown, Clinton, Warren, Greene, Fayette, Ross, Monroe, Washington, Morgan, Noble, Athens, Meigs, Scioto, Jackson, Adams, Vinton, Hocking, Lawrence, Pickaway, Franklin, Madison, Fairfield, Clark, Preble, Pike, Gallia, Highland, and Perry. I do hereby further order all such forces, residing within the counties of Hamilton, Butler, and Clermont, to report forthwith to Major General A. E. Burnside, at his headquarters in the city of Cincinnati, who is hereby authorized and required to cause said forces to be organized imo battalions or regiments, and appoint all necessary officers therefor. And it is further ordered that all such forces residing in the counties of Montgomery, Warren, Clinton, Fayette, Ross, Highland, and Brown, report forthwithto Colonel Neff, the military commander at Camp Dennison, who is hereby authorized to organize said forces into battalions or regiments, and to appoint, temporarily, officers therefor; and it is further ordered that all of such forees residing in the counties of Franklin, Madison, Clark, Greene, Pickaway, and Fairfield, report forthwith at Camp Chase to Brigadier General S. Mason, who is hereby authorized to organize said forces into battalions or regiments, and appoint, temporarily, officers therefor; it is further ordered that all such forces residing in the counties of Washington, Monroe, Noble, Meigs, Morgan, Perry, Hocking, and Athens, report forthwith to Colonel William R. Putnam, at Camp Marietta, who is hereby authorized to organize said forces into battalions or regiments, and appoint, temporarily, officers therefor. DAVID Ton, Governor. It was high time. Not even yet had the authorities begun to comprehend the tremendous energy with which Morgan was driving straight to his goal. While the people of Cincinnati were reading this proclamation, and considering whether or not they should put up the shutters of their store-windows,* Morgan was starting out in the gray dawn from Sunmanville for the suburbs of Cincinnati. Long before the rural population within fifty miles of the city had read the proclamation calling them to arms, he was at Harrison, which he reached at one P. M., Monday, July 13th. "Here," pleasantly explains his historian, "General Morgan began to manceuver for the benefit of the commanding officer at Cincinnati. He took it for granted there was a strong force of regular troops in that city. Burnside had them not far off, and General Morgan supposed that they would of course be brought there. If he could get past Cincinnati safely, the danger of the expedition, he thought, would be more than half over. Here he expected to be confronted by the concentrated forces of Judah and Burnside, and he anticipated great difficulty in eluding or cutting his way through them. Once safely through this peril, his escape would be certain, unless the river remained so high that the transports could carry troops to intercept him at the upper crossings,"—unless, indeed! "His object, 'therefore, entertaining these views, and believing that the great effort to capture him would be made as he crossed the Hamilton & Dayton railroad, was to deceive the enemy as to the exact point where he would cross this road, and denude that point as much as possible Of troops. He sent detachments in various directions, seeking, however, to create the impression that he was marching to Hamilton." This was a wise and prudent action in the audacious rebel commander; but, well as he read the purposes of his antagonists, he here made a mistake. He supposed that he was to be confronted by military men, acting on military principles. As it was, he deceived everybody. The Hamilton people telegraphed in great alarm that Morgan was marching on their town. A fire was seen burning at Venice; and straightway they threw out pickets to guard the main roads in that direction, to watch for Morgan's coming. Harrison sent in word of the passage of the rebel cavalry through that place at one o'clock, and of the belief that they were going to Hamilton. Wise, deputy sheriff, who had been captured by Morgan and parolled, hastened to tell that the rebel chief had conversed very freely with him, had shown no hesitation in speaking of his plans, and had assured him that he was going to Hamilton. All this was retailed at * Many thousand men wholly disobeyed the orders, and kept their stores or shops open through the day. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 196 the headquarters, on the streets, and in the newspaper offices. That night, while the much enduring printers were putting these stories in type, John Morgan's entire command, now reduced to a strength of barely two thousand, was marching through the suburbs of this city of a quarter of a million inhabitants, within reach of troops enough to eat them up, absolutely unopposed, almost without meeting a solitary picket or receiving a hostile shot. "In this night march around Cincinnati," writes again the historian of Morgan's cavalry, "we met with the greatest difficulty in keeping our column together. The guides were all in front with General Morgan, who rode at the head of the Second brigade, then marching in advance. This brigade had, consequently, no trouble, but the First brigade was embarrassed beyond measure. Clark's regiment was marching in the rear of the Second; if it had kept closer up we would have had no trouble, for the entire column would have been directed by the guides. But this regiment, although composed of superb material, and unsurpassed in fighting qualities, had, from the period of its organization, been under lax and careless discipline; and the effect of it was now observable. The rear companies straggled, halted, and delayed the First brigade--for it was impossible to ascertain immediately whether the halt was that of the brigade in advance or only these stragglers—and, when forced to move on, they would go off at a gallop. A great gap would thus be opened between the rear of our brigade and the advance of the other; and we who were behind were forced to grope our way as best we could. When we would come to one of the many junctions of roads which occur in the suburbs of a large city, we would be compelled to consult all sorts of indications in order to hit upon the right road. The night was intensely dark, and we would set on fire large bundles of paper or splinters of wood to afford a light. The horses' tracks on roads so much travelled would give us no clue to the route which the other brigade had taken at such points; but we could trace it by noticing the direction in which the dust 'settled' or floated. We could also trace the column by the slaver dropped from the horses' mouths. It was a terrible, trying march. Strong men fell out of their saddles, and at every halt the officers were compelled to move continually about in their respective companies, and pull and haul the men, who would drop asleep in the road—it was the only way to keep them awake. Quite a number crept off into the fields and slept until awakened by the enemy. At length day appeared, just as we reached the last point where we had to anticipate danger. We had passed through Glendale and across all of the principal suburban roads, and were near the Little Miami railroad. Those who have marched much at night will remember that the fresh air of morning invariably has a cheering effect upon the tired and drowsy, and awakens and invigorates them. It had this effect on our men on this occasion, and relieved us also from the necessity of groping our way. We crossed the railroad without opposition, and halted to feed our horses in sight of Camp Dennison. After a short rest here, and a picket skirmish, we resumed our march, burning in this neighborhood a park of government wagons. That evening at four o'clock, we were at Williamsburg, twenty-eight miles east of Cincinnati, having marched since leaving Sunmansville, in Indiana, in a period of about thirty-five hours, more than ninety miles—the greatest march that even Morgan had ever made. Feeling comparatively safe here, he permitted the division to go into camp and remain during the night." From, this picture, by a participant, of the march of two thousand rebel cavalry, unopposed, through the suburbs of Cincinnati, we turn to the heart of the city. Through the day there had been a little excitement and some drilling. Part of the business houses were closed, but the attendance at the ward meetings was very meagre. General Cox, under directions from General Burnside, had divided the city and county into militia districts, assigned commanders to each, and ordered the completion of their organizations. The following is that part of the orders which relates to the county at large : Hamilton county, beyond the limits of the city, will be divided into military districts as follows, and commandants of military companies will report to the following named officers: 1. Mill Creek township, report to Genlral . H. Bates, city. 2. Anderson, Columbia and Spencer townships, report to James Peal, Pleasant Ridge. 3. Sycamore and Symmes townships, report to C. Constable, Montgomery. 4. Springfield and ___ [probably Colerain] townships, report to Henry Gulick, Bevis post office. 5. Crosby, Harrison, Miami, and Whitewater townships, report to W. F. Converse, Harrison. 6. Delhi, Storrs, and Green townships, report to Major Peter Zinn, Delhi. The above named officers will immediately assume command and establish their headquarters. The district commandants had ordered the militia to—"parade to-morrow!" By "to-morrow," as we have seen, John Morgan, after riding through the suburbs, vas twenty-eight miles away. Toward midnight glimmerings of how it was being overreached began to dawn upon the public mind, as may be seen from the latest bulletins from headquarters, which the newspapers were permitted to publish. While the printers were busy with them, Morgan was marching his straggling, exhausted, scattered columns through the suburbs of Cincinnati. About the time city readers were glancing over them, he was feeding his horses and driving off the pickets at Camp Dennison: 11:30 P. M.-A courier arrived last evening at General Burnside's headquarters, having left Cheviot at half past eight in the afternoon, with information for the general. Cheviot is only seven miles from the city. He states that about five hundred of Morgan's men had crossed the river at Miamitown, and attacked our pickets, killing or capturing one of them. Morgan's main force, said to be three thousand strong, was then crossing the river. A portion of the rebel force had been up to New Haven, and another had gone to New Baltimore, and partially destroyed both of those places. The light of the burning towns was seen by our men. When the courier left, Morgan was moving up, it was reported, to attack our advance. 1 A. M.—A courier has just arrived at headquarters from Colerain, with dispatches for General Burnside. He reports that the enemy, supposed to be two thousand five hundred strong, with six pieces of artillery, crossed the Colerain pike at dark at Bevis, going toward New Burlington, or to the Cincinnati and Hamilton pike, in the direction of Springdale. 1:30 A. M.— A dispatch from Jones's station states that the enemy are now encamped between Venice and New Baltimore. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 197 2 A. M.—Another dispatch says the enemy are coming in, or a squad of them, from New Baltimore toward Glendale, for the supposed purpose of destroying a bridge over the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad near Glendale. 2 A. M. --A dispatch from Hamilton says it is believed that the main portion of Morgan's force is moving in that direction, going east. At this writing—a quarter past two in the afrernoon—it is the impression tnat Morgan's main force is going east, while he has sent squads to burn bridges on the Cincinnati, I lamilton & Dayton railroad, and over the Miami river; but he may rurn and come down this way on some of the roads leading through Walnut Hills and Mount Auburn. As a matter of fact, squads of Morgan's men did pass from Lockland through Sharpsburgh and Montgomery, and even so close to the city as Duck creek, two miles from the corporation line, stealing all the fine horses they could lay their hands upon. The next day, with the revelation that Morgan was gone, began the gathering of the militia. Some hurried to Camp Chase, to .be there held for the protection of the capital, or thence thrown toward southeastern Ohio, on his front. Others assembled at Camp Dennison, to be hurried by rail after him. All over the southern part of the State was a hasty mustering and crowding upon extra trains, and rush to the points of danger. Hobson, who, in spite of Morgan's tremendous marching, was only a few hours behind, pressed so hard upon his trail that the flying band had little time for the burning of railroad bridges, or indeed for aught but the impressment of fresh horses. Judah, with his troops, was dispatched by boats to gain the front of the galloping column and head it off from the river. Meantime the excitement and apprehension in all the towns and villages within thirty or forty miles of Morgan's line of march was unprecedented in the history of the State. Thrifty farmers drove off their horses and cattle to the woods. Thrifty housewives buried their silver spoons. At least one terrified matron, in a pleasant inland town forty miles from the rebel route, in her husband's absence, resolved to protect the family carriage horse at all hazards; and, having no safer place, led him into the house and stabled him in the parlor, locking and bolting doors and windows, whence the noise of his dismal tramping on the resounding floor sounded through the livelong night like distant peals of artillery, and kept half the citizens awake and watching for Morgan's entrance. There was, indeed, sufficient cause for considering property insecure anywhere within reach of the invaders. Horses and food, of course, they took wherever and whenever they wanted them; our own raiding parties generally did the same. But the mania for plunder which befel this command and made its line of march look like a procession of peddlers, was something beyond all ordinary cavalry plundering. We need look for no other stronger words, in describing it, than the second in command has himself chosen to use: "The disposition for wholesale plundering," he frankly admits, "exceeded anything that any of us had ever seen before. The men seemed actuated by a desire to pay off in the enemy's country all scores that the Union army had chalked up in the South. The great cause for apprehension which our situation might have inspired seemed only to make them reckless. Calico was the staple article of appropriation. Each man who could get one, tied a bolt of it to his saddle, only to throw it away and get a fresh one at the first opportunity. They did not pillage with any sort of method or reason. It seemed to be a mania, senseless and purposeless. One man .carried a bird cage, with three canaries in it, for two days. Another rode with a chafing dish, which looked like a small metallic coffin, on the pommel of his saddle, till an officer forced him to throw it away. Although the weather was intensely warm, another slung seven pairs of skates around his neck, and chuckled over the acquisition. I saw very few articles of real value taken; they pillaged like boys robbing an orchard. I would not have believed that such a passion could have been developed so ludicrously among any body of civilized men. At Piketon, Ohio, some days later, one man broke through the guard posted at a store, rushed in, trembling with excitement and avarice, and filled his pockets with horn buttons. They would, with few exceptions, throw away their plunder after a while, like children tired of their toys." Some movements of our own were, after their different fashion, scarcely less ludicrous. Some militia from Camp Dennison, for example, marched after Morgan till near Batavia, when they gravely halted and began felling the trees, to check him in case he should decide to come back over the route he had just travelled! A worthy militia officer telegraphed to Governor Tod Morgan's exact position, and assured him that the rebel forces numbered precisely four thousand seven hundred and fifty men! Burnside himself telegraphed that it was now definitely ascertained that Morgan had about four thousand men. At Chillicothe they mistock some of their own militia for rebel scouts, and by way of protection burned a bridge across a stream that was, at that season, fordable anywhere, and near the bridge the water scarcely came to the horses' knees ! Governor 'Tod felt sure that only the heavy concentration of militia at Camp Chase had kept Morgan from seizing Columbus and plundering the State treasury. Several days after the bulk of the raiding force had been captured the governor gravely wrote to a militia officer at Cleveland, whom he was exhorting to renewed vigilance: "I announce to you that Morgan may yet reach the lake shore." But if there was an error in the zeal displayed, it was on the safe side. Over fifty thousand Ohio militia actually took the field against the sore-pressed fleeing band. Not half of them, however, at any time got within threescore miles of Morgan. That officer was meantime intent neither upon the lake shore nor yet upon the treasury vaults at Columbus; but, entirely satisfied with the commotion he had created, was doing his best to get out of the State. He came very near doing it. On the morning of the sixteenth of July, he was stopping to feed his horses in sight of Camp Dennison. That evening he encamped at Williamsburgh, twenty-eight miles east of Cincinnati. Then, marching through Washington Court-house, Piketon (with Colonel Richard Morgan going through Georgetown), Jackson, Vinton, 198 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY. OHIO. Berlin, Pomeroy, and Chester, he reached the ford at Buffington Island on the evening of the eighteenth. But for his luckless delay for a few hours at Chester, it would seem that he might have escaped. Until he reached Pomeroy, he encountered comparatively little resistance. At Camp Dennison there was a little skirmish, in which a rebel lieutenant and several privates were captured; but Lieutenant Colonel Neff wisely limited his efforts to the protection of the bridge and camp. A train of the Little Miami road was thrown off the track. At Berlin there was a skirmish with the militia under Colonel Runkle. Small militia skirmishes were constantly occurring, the citizen soldiery hanging on the flanks of the flying invaders and wounding two or three men every day, and occasionally killing one. At last the daring little column approached its goal. All the troops in Kentucky had been evaded and left behind. All the militia in Indiana had been dashed aside or outstripped. The fifty thousand militia in Ohio had failed to turn it from its pre-determined path. Within precisely fifteen days from the morning it had crossed the Cumberland—nine days from its crossing into Indiana—it stood once more on the banks of the Ohio. A few hours more of daylight, and it would be safely across, in the midst again of a population to which it might look for sympathy if not for aid. But the circle of the hunt was narrowing. Judah, with his fresh cavalry, was up, and was marching out from the river against Morgan: Hobson was hard on his rear. Colonel Runkle, commanding a division of militia, was north of him. And, at last, the local militia in advance of him were beginning to fell trees and tear up bridges to obstruct his progress. Near Pomeroy they made a stand. For four or five miles his road ran through a ravine, with occasional intersections from hill roads. At all these cross-roads he found the militia posted; and from the hills above him they made his passage through the ravine a perfect running of the gauntlet. On front, flank, and rear, the militia pressed; and, as Morgan's first subordinate ruefully expressed it, "closed eagerly upon our track." In such plight he passed through the ravine; and shaking clear of his pursuers for a while, pressed on to Chester, where he arrived about one o'clock in the afternoon of lthe eighteenth of July. Here he made the first serious military mistake that had marked his course on northern soil. He was within a few hours' ride of the ford at which he hoped to cross; and the skirmishing about Pomeroy should have given him ample admonition of the necessity for haste. But he had been advancing through the ravine at a gallop. He halted now to breathe his horses and to hunt a guide. Three hours and a half thus lost went far toward deciding his fate. When his column was well closed up, and his guide was found he moved forward. It was eight o'clock before he reached Portland, the little village on the bank of the Ohio nearly opposite Buffington Island. Night had fallen—a night of solid darkness, as the rebel officers declared. The entrance to that ford was guarded by a little earthwork manned by only two or hree hundred infan try. This alone stood between him and an easy passage to Virginia. But his evil genius was upon him. He had lost an hour and a half at Chester in the afternoon—the most precious hour arid a half since his feet touched Northren soil; and he now decided to waste the night. In the hurried council with his exhausted officers it was admitted on all hands that Judah had arrived—that some of his troops had given force to the skirmishing near Pomeroy —that they would certainly be at Buffington by morning, and that gun-boats would accompany them. But his men were in bad condition, and he feared to trust then, in a night attack upon a fortified position which he had not reconnoiter. The fear was fatal. Even yet, by abandoning his wagon-train and his wounded, he might have reached unguarded fords a little higher up. This, too, was mentioned by his officers. He would save all, he promptly replied, or would lose all together. And so he gave mortgages to fate. By morning Judah was up. At daybreak Duke advanced with a couple of rebel regiments to storm the earthwork, but found it abandoned. He was rapidly proceeding to make dispositions for crossing, when Judah's advance struck him. At first he repulsed it, and took a number of prisoners, the adjutant general of Judah's staff among them. Morgan then ordered him to hold the force on his front in check. He was not able to return to his command till it had been broken and thrown in full retreat before an impetuous charge of Judah's cavalry, headed by Lieutenant O'Neil, of the Fifth Indiana. He succeeded in rallying and reforming his line. But now advancing up the Chester and Pomeroy road came the gallant cavalry that, over three States, had been galloping on their track—the three thousand of Hobson's command—who for now nearly two weeks had been only a day, a forenoon, an hour behind them. As Hobson's guideons fluttered out in the little valley by the river bank where they fought, every man of that band that had so long defied a hundred thousand knew that the contest was over. They were almost out of ammunition, exhausted, and scarcely two thousand strong; against whom were Hobson's three thousand and Judah's still larger force. To complete the overwhelming odds, that in spite of their efforts had at last been concentrated upon them, the ironclad gun-boats steamed up and opened fire. Morgan comprehended the situation as fast as the hard-riding troopers, who, still clinging to their bolts of calico, were already galloping toward the rear. He at once essayed to extricate his trains, and then to withdraw his regiments by column of fours from right of companies, keeping up meanwhile as sturdy resistance as he might. For some distance the withdrawal was made in tolerable order; then, under a charge of a Michigan cavalry regiment, the retreat became a rout. Morgan, with not quiet twelve hundred men, escaped. His brother, with Colonels Duke, Ward, Huffman, and about seven hundred men were taken prisoners. This was the battle of Buffington Island. It was brief and decisive. But for his two mistakes of the night be- HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 199 fore, Morgan might have avoided it and escaped; yet it cannot be said that he yielded to the blow that insured his fate without spirited resistance and a courage and tenacity worthy of a better cause. Our superiority in forces was overwhelming, and our loss trifling. Among the few killed, however, was Major Daniel McCook, of Cincinnati, a patriotic old man, for whose fate there was a very general regret. He was not in the service, but had accompanied the cavalry as a volunteer. He was accorded a military funeral at Cincinnati, which was largely attended. He was the father of Robert L., Alexander M., and George W. McCook, besides several other sons, nearly all of whom, with notable unanimity, had been in the service from the outbreak of the war, and most of whom had rlsen to high rank. The prisoners were at once sent down the river to Cincinnati, on the transports which had brought up some of their prisoners, in charge of Captain Day, of General Judah's staff, of whose manly and soldiery courtesy they made grateful mention, albeit not much given to praising the treatment they received at the North. The troops, with little rest, pushed on after Morgan. And now began the dreariest experience of the rebel chief. Twenty miles above Buffington he struck the river again, got three hundred of his command across, and was himself midway in the stream when the approaching gunboats checked the passage. Returning to the nine hundred still on the Ohio side, he once more renewed the hurried flight. His men were worn down and exhausted by long-continued and enormous work ; they were de moralized by pillage, discouraged by the scattering of their command, weakened most of all by the loss of faith in themselves and their commander, surrounded by a multitude of foes, harassed at every hand, intercepted at every loophole of escape, hunted like game night and day, driven hither and thither in their vain efforts to double on their remorseless pursuers. It was the early type and token of a similar fate under pursuit of which the great army of the confederacy was to fade out ; and no other words are needed to finish the story we have now to tell than those with which the historian of the army of the Potomac (Swinton) discribes the tragic flight to Appomattox Court House : Dark divisions sinking in the wood's for a few hours' repose, would hear suddenly in the woods the boom of hostile guns and the clatter of the troops of the ubiquitous cavalry, and had to be up to hasten off. Thus pressed on all sides, driven like sheep before prowling wolves, amid hunger, fatigue, and sleeplessness, continuing day after day, they fared toward the rising sun: "Such resting found the soles of unblest feet." Yet to the very last the energy this daring cavalryman displayed was such as to extort our admiration. From the jaws of disaster he drew out the remnants of his com mind at Buffington. When foiled in the attempted crossing above, he headed for the Muskingum. Foiled here by the militia under Remkle, he doubled on his track and turned again toward Blennerhasset Island. The clouds of dust that marked his track betrayed the movement and on three sides the pursuers closed in upon him: While they slept in peaceful expectation of receiving his surrender in the mailing, he stole out along a hillside that had been thought impassable—his men walking in single file and leading their horses; and by midnight he was out of the toils, and once more marching hard to outstrip his pursuers. At last he found an unguarded crossing of the Muskingum at Eaglesport, above McConnellsville; and then, with an open country before him, struck out once more for the Ohio. This time Governor Tod's sagacity was vindicated. He urged the shipment of troops by rail to Bellaire, near Wheeling; and by great good fortune Major Way, of the Ninth Michigan cavalry, received the orders. Presently this officer was on the scent. "Morgan is making for Hammondsville," he telegraphed General Burnside on. the twenty-fifth, "and will attempt to cross the Ohio river at Wellsville. I have my section of battery, and shall follow him closely." He kept his word, and gave the finishing stroke. "Morgan was attacked, with the remnant of his command, at 8 o'clock this morning," an nounced General Burnside on the next day, July 26th, "at Salineville, by Major Way, who, after a severe fight, routed the enemy, killed about thirty, wounded some fifty, and took some two hundred prisoners." Six hours later the long race ended: "I captured John Morgan today, at 2 o'clock P. M.," telegraphed Major Rue, of the Ninth Kentucky cavalry, on the evening of the twenty-sixth, "taking three hundred and twenty-six prisoners, four hundred horses and arms." Salineville is in Columbiana county, but a few miles below the most northerly point of the State touched by the Ohio river, and between Steubenville and Wellsville, nearly two-thirds of the way up the eastern border of the State. Over such distances had Morgan passed, after the disaster at Buffington, which all had supposed certain to end his career, and so near had he come to making his escape from the State, with the handful he was still able to keep together. The circumstances of the final surrender were peculiar, and subsequently led to an unpleasant dispute. Morgan was being guided to the Pennsylvania line by a Mr. Brubeck, who had gone out with a small squad of volunteers against him, but with whom, according to Morgan's statement, an arrangement had been made that, on condition that he would disturb no property in the county, he was to be safely conducted out of it. Seeing by the clouds of dust on a road parallel with the one he was on that the cavalry force was rapidly gaining his front, awl that thus his escape was definitely cut off, he undertook to make a virtue of his necessity and try to gain terms by volunteering surrender to his guide Brubeck eagerly swallowed the bait, and accepted the surrender upon condition that officers and men were to he immediately parolled. In a few minutes Major Rue was upon them. He doubted the propriety of such a surrender, and referred the case to General Shackelford, the second in command in Hobson's column, who at once disapproved and refused to recognize it. Morgan thereupon appealed to Governor Tod, as commander of the Ohio militia, claiming to have surrendered upon terms with one of his subordinates, and calling upon him to mantain the honor of his officer thus pledged.