(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 275 vicinity, where he encamped in the primeval forest until he could build a cabin and block-house. He paid two dollars an acre for the land he bought here. Among other early settlers was James C. Wood, of New Jersey, who planted his stakes at the homestead afterward occupied by his son. John C., W. R., and W. W. Wood, after the death of James C. Wood, made a subdivision Witte estate. Pleasant Ridge was made a place of rendezvous during the war for the troops enlisted from that place, Montgomery, Newton, and other places. Some even from Cincinnati joined in the assemblies, parades and drills there. The church history of this town has some points of interest. The Presbyterian society was formed about the time of the resignation of Rev. James Kemper from the pastorate of the Cincinnati and Columbia churches, October 7, 1796, and the division of the Columbia branch into the Duck Creek and Round Bottom churches. The Pleasant Ridge church was originally the former, and retained its euphonious designation until 1818, when the name was exchanged for that now borne. The Rev. Mr. Kemper, the pioneer preacher in Cincinnati, was the first settled pastor here, serving the people faithfully about ten years. The Rev. Daniel Hayden then labored with this people, and was ordained and installed pastor of this and the Hopewell churches November 17, 1810, which he served till his death, August 27, 1835. The Rev. Dr. J. G. Montfort, in his historical discourse on Presbyterianism North of the Ohio, says of this minister: Mr. Hayden was a plain and modest man, with a distinct utterance and great fluency, though his voice lacked melody and sweetness. He was a man of eminent ability. Dr. Wilson esteemed him as one of the ablest men of the church, and so he was generally regarded. His successors were: Rev. Samuel J. Miller, seven years; Rev. Edward Wright, ten years; Rev. J. K. Burch one year; Rev. Samuel Hair, five years; Rev. Simeon Brown (as stated supply), two years; J. P. Vandyke, four years; James McKee, four years; and Rev. I,. A. Aldrich. At first the society worshipped in a log building, to which a frame addition was made. This house was located south of the present site of Pleasant Ridge, and upon. Duck creek. The presbytery of Transylvania, under whose jurisdiction the church was, had forbidden it to build nearer than five miles from Cincinnati. Then came, in the fullness of time, a substantial brick house, thirty-six by fifty, built by Bartholomew Fowler and William Baxter. This was occupied by the Presbyterians and at times by other denominations about forty years, or until 1870, when it gave way to the present handsome structure, which was dedicated September 12, 1870. The venerable General James Sampson, who had been a member of the church nearly fifty years, served as master of ceremonies on this interesting occasion. The Pleasant Ridge church is the oldest now surviving in the Miami country, except the First Presbyterian of Cincinnati. It may be here remarked that the other fragment of the Columbia church, that at Round Bottom, was ministered to during its earliest years by the Rev. Mr. Kemper, who divided his labors between this and the Duck Creek church for some years. In October, 1801, however, he seems to have been preaching at Duck Creek and' Sycamore (afterwards Hopewell), near Montg0mery, and not at Round Bottom. But little is known 0f the subsequent. history of this church, which finally disappears from the church records in 1849. The Baptist people of Pleasant Ridge had originally their membership in the old Duck Creek Baptist church, the pioneer Protestant church of the Northwest Territory. The society here was organized in 1856, and built its present meeting-house three years afterwards, at a cost of three thousand five hundred dollars. It has the only church bell in the village. The Rev. B. F. Harmon, now of Mount Washington, ministered to the church here for many years. The Methodist Episcopal church was also built in 1859, at a cost of three thousand dollars. The school-house is of brick, with freestone trimmings; has a vestibule and four large rooms, each twenty-five by thirty feet, and a silver-toned bell, whose utterances are specially admired. The house is. built on grounds bought in 1871 of Samuel Langdon, and cost, with the grounds, ten thousand dollars. The Pleasant Ridge lodge of Free and Accepted Masons was chartered October 22, 1856. Mr. Stephen W. Reeder was the first W. M., and remained in that office for seven years. This village had two hundred and fifty-one inhabitants by the last census. SHARPSBURGH was formerly the name of a pretty large locality, now covered in good part by the village of Norwood. A town site, bearing the name, was laid out in 1868, on the Cincinnati and Marietta railroad, by J. W. Baker. WEST MILFORD is, as its name implies, a part of Milford, but is in Hamilton county. St. Thomas' Episcopal church is located here—Rev. T. I. Melish, rector—with a small chapel on the Clermont county side. The Baptist meeting-house is also in West Milford, although its members reside mostly on the other side. MORE ANTIQUES. Since the matter at the outset of this chapter was arranged and printed, we have the following curious old documents and memoranda to add, by the favor of Mr. Clason, who has contributed so handsomely to the history of this township. The following relates to the pauperism of the old township: At a meeting of the trustees and overseers of the poor at my house May 13, 1802, in order to settle and adjust the accounts ,of the overseers of the poor, ordered to be recorded as follows: We, the trustees, having examined the accounts and settled them up to this date, and we find due to them twenty-one dollars and fifty cents. JOHN JONES, clerk. March 7, 1803.—A meeting of the trustees and town clerk and overseers of the poor and supervisors of the highways. The trustees having met as the law directs, and we proceeded as follows: The trustees having examined the accounts of the overseers of the poor from a settlement made May the thirteenth, A. D. 1802, and we find due to them twelve dollars. Settled this seventh day of March, Anno Domini 1803. JOHN JONES, clerk. 276 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. The following document of April, 1801, prescribes the road districts of that day. The mention in them of localities, as then known, has special interest: District No. I.—To Jacob Blasdel: You are required to take the disetrict beginning at the township line of Cincinnati below Columbia, then up to Crawfish run and through Columbia by the Tan-yard and up Crawfish to the forks. Also through Columbia to William Brown's meat, Also from John Wilson's hill ditches, and then up the Ohio to Seamans. By order of trustees. District No. 2. - To Benjamin Stites: District beginning at his own house, on the Ohio 'hen up the road to William Brown's; then through Morristown and on to Duck creek, and up said creek to the Stony ford. Also from said Stites' up the Ohio to Mrs. Mercer's, and up the lane to Flinn's ford and through Turkey bottom. By order of trustees. District No. 3. —To Samuel Muchmores: District beginning at the forks of the road above Red Bank, then Bersby's road to Mary Napper's, and from Ferrises to said Muchmores to the east fork of Duck creek. By order of trustees. District No. 4.—To John Jones: District beginning at the Stony ford on Duck creek; then on towards Walsmiths to Jacob Hetzler's, and then from southwest corner of the school section on the Deerfield road and up said road to Bearsleys; thence on said road to the east fork of Duck creek. By order of trustees. District No. 5.—Samuel McKee's district beginning at the forks of Bearsley's road at Gano's old cabin on Duck creek; then on said road to the cross road on Deerfield road from Columbia; then up said road to where it intersects with the Cincinnati road; then down the said road to where it crosses the Columbia road, leading to A. Vohrich's; then down said road to the beginning on Duck creek. By order of trustees. District No. 6.—Philip Jones' district, beginning at Duck creek; then toward Columbia to Crawfish run; then turning northwardly towards A. Vohris's to Duck creek; then westwardly in Bearsley's road to Jonathan Williams'. By order of trustees. District No. 7.—To James Baxter, district beginning at Robert Moore's; thence eastwardly to Duck creek; then Jonathan Williams' on Deerfield road to where it crosses Columbia road; then along said road to Baxter's run (this called Baxter's district). By order of the trustees. District No. 8.—To Amos White's district, beginning at John Common's field north; then south to David Bercount's; then from James Grear's to Hagerman's; then the Perara road from the north township line to Amos White's; also from said Brecount's to Walles's run; then from said run to Ronemus Hayney's on Walsmith's road; then from said run on Madriver road to A. Haggerman's; then from said run on the Perara road to Amos White's. By order of trustees. District No. 9.—To Aaron Sackett's district, beginning at Wallace's run; thence to A. Voriche's, taking Columbia road to Baxter's run; also from A. Voriche's to John R. Mills', and then the line between Stephen Flime's and said Mills together with all the road in Columbia township between Samuel Bunnel's .and Cincinnati, and then from A. Voriche's towards Ziba Stiben's to the township line, and from Thomas Higgens to Voriche's. By order of trustees. The following is a verbatim copy of the first election held in Columbia township: 1803 At a meeting of citizens of the township held at the [house April 4th. omitted in record] Thomas Frazier's, in Columbia, on April 4th, 1803. the following officers were elected viz. Saml. Sheperd, chairman. Jas. Moron, clerk. Jos. McNight, N. Sheperd Armstrong, John Seaman, John Elliot, Wills Pearson, Overseers poor Rich'd Ayre, I sworn into office. Christian Walsmith, Appraiser of property John Wallace, sworn into office. John Mathews, Sworn into Peter Bell, office Hezekiah Stites, - fence viewers. David Black, -Lister, sworn into office. David McKenney - sw Daniel Schenk - sw Elijah Stites - sw Thomas Frazer - sw Hezekiah Price - sw Abner Mills - sw John Wallace - sw Richard Tibbs, - All sworn John Mann, into Walton Evans, office Andrew Lackey, constables. James Whaling, Supervisors elected: Adrian Hagman - sw. Andrew Ferris - sw. John Lambert - sw. Usual Ward - sw. Percy Kitchel - sw Daniel Price - sw. Henry King - sw. Beniah Ayres - sw. Henry Genings - sw. John Seaman - sw. At the close of a meeting held a. the house of Thomas Frazier, in Columbia township, April 4th, 1803, it was ordered by vote of the inhabitants that the next township meeting shall be held at the house of Calvin Kitchel. By order of the voters. 1803 Grand jurors for the township of Columbia, viz: June 6th. Jeremiah Cavalt. John Beasley. Joseph Reeder. Willis Pearson. Isaac Ferris. Benj'n Stites. Petit jurors: Chas. Smith. Wm. Mason. Levi Feriss. Jas. McCleland. Jacob Allen. Jacob Blazdel. David Black. Sam'1 Muchmore. Hezekiah Stites. Jesse Reeder. Ezekil Leonard. Usual Ward. By order of the trustees, viz: John Seaman, N. Sheperd Armstrong, John Eliott. J. Mason, clerk. THE TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. By the kindness and patient research of Mr. Clason, we are enabled here to present a fuller list of the justices of the peace for Columbia than appears upon a former page, and to add most of the remainder of the civil list of the township: Justices from 1804 to 1881. James Mason, John Armstrong, John Jones. David McGaughey, William Perry, William Armstrong, E. Meeks, Enos Hurin, Rice Prichard, Zacheas Biggs, Abner Applegate, James Armstrong, John Ferris, Smith Clason, William Baxter, William H. Moore, Thomas B. McCullough, Eliazer Baldwin, John T. Jones, Ratio Evans, E. Noble, William Tingley, George W. Homes, Hiram Bodine, John Sumners, Oliver Jones, John Jones (not the same as above), John B. Price, James Sampson, Isaac N. Davis, Robert McMullens, Samuel Hill, Isaac Giffin, Ben. C. Conklin, Henry Lockwood, Amos Hill, George W. Martin, lames Giffin, Jeremiah Clark, J. C. Ferris, William Highlands, J. M. Tingley, F. A. Hill, James Julien, Leo Bailey, L. A. Hendricks, Louis W. Clason, C. S. Burns, Claton W. McGill, E. W. Bowman, George Reiter, and James B. Drake. Township trustees from 1803 to 1881.—Joseph McNight, N. Sheperd Armstrong, John Seaman, John Eliot, Cheniah Cavalt, John Jones, Peter Smith, John Mann, John Beazly, Samuel Hilditch, Usual Ward, John McKee, Joseph Reeder, Calvin Ward, David McGaughey, John Clark, Joseph Ferris, John Ferris, Lewis Drake, Enos Huron, William McIntire, Abram Smith, William Armstrong, Andrew Ferris, Richard Morgan, William Perry, James Ward, John Armstrong, William H. Moore, Smith Clason, Andrew Baxter, Andrew McMahan, Lindley Broadwell, John Warren, William Highlands, Oliver Jones, John G. Leonard, Samuel Earhart, Seth C. Lindsley, John Jones, Thomas Crosly, Ira Broadwell, Eb. Ward, Elijah Reese, Isaac Giffin, James D. Langdon, James Sampson, Percy Hosbrook, Eri F. Jewett, Joseph B. Mann, John S. Wilson, Tyle Chamberlain, Zadoc Williams, Ralph Reeder, Thomas B. McCullough, John L. Hosbrook, C. S. Ebersole, J. S. Learning, D. S. Nash, H. F. Armstrong, H. Bonham, C. G. Armstrong, T. G. Flinn, Louis W. Clason, Thomas HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 277 Longworth, James Roosa, Thomas Drake, George Hermann, jr., C. S. Boon, D. A. Black, Warren Mills, Thomas Clegg, Caleb Dial, Michael Leaf, Michael Buckel, Anthony Brown, G. W. Elliott, Andrew Carman, B. M. Stewart, H. C. Durrell, C. A. Howe, H. J. Pierret, Fred. Berings, A. J. Nelson, C. H. Scholtman. TOWNSHIP CLERKS FROM 1801 TO 1880. John Jones, 1801 & 1802. James Mason, 1803. David McGaughey, 1804-5-6-7 & 8. William Armstrong, 1806. William Schillinger, 1810 & 11. Samuel Johnson, 1812 & 13. Moses Morrison, 1814-15-16-17-18-19-30 & 21. William H. Moore,. 1832, 1823, 1824, 1825 & 1836. John T. Jones, 1827. Oliver Jones, 1828 & 1829. Hiram Bodine, 1830. William H. Moore, 1831. John Jones, 1832, 1833 & 1834. Jeremiah Everett, 1835. Jacob Flinn, 1836. Jeremiah Everett, 1837, 1838 & 1839 & 1840. John Jones, 1841, 1842 & 1843. Jeffreys A. Black, 1844. Francis Hill, 1845. Henry Lockwood, 1846 to 1874. Louis W. Clason, 1875 to 1880. TREASURERS FROM 1804 To 1881. N. Shephar Armstrong, 1804. John Armstrong, 1805 to 1811. James Baxter, art to 1818. Major John Ferris, 1819 & 1820. Lewis Drake, 1821. William Armstrong, 1822 to 1853, & without loss of one cent. B. D. Ashcraft, 1854. William Ammerman, 1855 & 1856. Milo Black, 1857 to 1861. J. Dan Jones, 1862 to 1873. Leo Fowler, 1874. James Julien, 1875 to 1881. POPULATION. Columbia is now a populous township, the last census, that of 1880, giving it five thousand three hundred and fifty-eight inhabitants against three thousand one hundred and eighty-four in 1872. The increase is largely due to its suburban character, although it has a considerable farming population. ADDITIONAL SETTLEMENT NOTES. Elias Hedges, a native of Morris county, New Jersey, purchased five hundred acres of land in Colerain township, of Dr. William Burnet and Daniel Thew, probably during the winter of 1804-5; and soon afterward she, with his wife, who, previous to their marriage was Elizabeth Gaston, a native of the same place, and four small children, set out for the west. They travelled in a wagon—and after a journey of spme seven weeks arrived at Dunlap's Station July 4,1805. This post was located on the tract purchased by Mr. Hedges. At the time of his purchase, Mr. Hedges was not able to pay for so large a tract, its cost being three thousand seven hundred and twenty dollars. So he accepted the offer of two neighbors as partners, with whom he divided his tract in proportion to the money furnished by each, retaining about two hundred and thirty acres in the middle of the tract for himself. Here, he immediately began to clear the forest and improve his land. Mr. Hedges continued his occupaetion with great energy and perseverance until December, 1813, when he became a victim of the "Cold Plague," which scourged a large portion of the west during the summer and fall of that year. Elias Hedges was highly respected as a good neighbor and man of clear and discriminating judgment; being frequently selected as arbitrator in settling, by amicable means, disputes and contentions which at times sprang up between his neighbors. His early death, at about forty years of age was lamented by all who knew him. Elizabeth Hedges, wife of the preceding, survived her husband about eighteen years. They had eight children, seven of whom lived to be men and women. Sarah, their eldest, was born in 1792, and married Alexander Johnson early in 1816. He dying in 1822, she afterwards married Stewart McGill, also a native of New Jersey, who is still living at the venerable age of ninety-three years. Mrs. McGill died in 1854, respected and loved by all who knew her. Mary, John G. and Eliza Hedges died young. Anthony Ludlow married Hannah A. Johnson in 1824, and died m 1831. His widow is still living. Stephen Ogden married Sarah White in July, 1832. They are both dead. Harriett was married to Bradbury Cilley in 1834, and is still living, a widow. Elizabeth was born in 1813, and married David K. Johnson in August, 1831, died some years since. Her husband is still living at seventy-nine vears of age, but during the last fifteen or eighteen years has been entirely blind. He is one of the most highly respected old gentlemen in the country. Elias and Elizabeth Hedges lie buried at the old Colerain station, in probably the oldest burying-place in the Miami valley, and on the farm which they purchased seventy-six years ago. Louis W. Clason, mayor of Madisonville, and justice of the peace, also clerk of the township, was born on Indian Hill, October 11, 1823, upon the farm where he lived for fifty years, and now owns. His grandfather, Smith Clason, emigrated from Connecticut in 1818, to Columbia township. He was a Revolutionary soldier, a companion of Putnam and served under him, and after he came west was township trustee and surveyor, and also held other offices. His grandfather on his mother's side was Dr. Thomas Bayux, of France, surgeon on an English ship-of-war during the Revolution. He came to Connecticut and settled at Greenwich. The house in which he lived was built long before the Revolutionary war—was made of lime and brick imported from Holland. It is a large house of fifteen rooms, and is still standing. Mr. Clason is a prominent and well-known citizen of Columbia township. He has held each of the positions of township trustee, township clerk, justice of the peace, and mayoralty of the town of Madisonville for a number of years, and has never been beaten in any of the political races he has run. Both parties regard him as a safe man, and thus he is kept in office constantly. He has been justice of the peace for ten years, and has during that time tried nearly one thousand cases. William L. Perkins, of the firm of William Perkins & Company, manufacturers of mantels, enameled grates, etc., Nos. 94 and 96 Elm street, Cincinnati, was born in the year 1839. His father, Rev. Lemuel B. Perkins, 278 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. was born in the year 1809, and still lives upon the field of his life-long labors in the church, in 'Trumbull county, Ohio. He was self-educated, and an earnest worker in the United Brethren church. He was married to Miss Phila A. Sc0velle, of Philadelphia, by whom he had eight children, three of whom are still living. Mr. William Perkins, after receiving nearly a full classical course in college, entered the Forty-sixth Ohio regiment as second leader of the regimental brass band, where he remained sixteen months. In 1863 he went into a pork- merchant business, as book-keeper, and after remaining there for three years, was offered a partnership in the h0use, and not asked to advance a dollar for the business. In 1877 he started his mantel and grate store, with spacious salesroom and works, on Elm street. Mr. Perkins keeps a fine line of goods, his elegant and costly Mexican onyx mantels, protection grates, etc., being well worth one's inspection. He was married in 1866 to Miss Sarah E. Stokes, of Pennsylvania. He has his residence in Madisonville. A. B. Lunbeck, of Madisonville, is travelling auditor for the Marietta & Cincinnati railroad. He was born in Chillicothe, Ohio, but his mother and grandmother (Mrs. Cutler) live with him at Madisonville. Mr. Lunbeck went into the ticket office as sort of an apprentice some twenty years ago, and by diligent and faithful application to business has worked himself up t0 the high and responsible position which he hp held for ten years. He was married t0 Miss Price in 1872, daughter of Hezekiah D. Price, carpenter and builder of that place. Mr. Lunbeck has his 0ffice on Fourth street, 0ver the gas offices. A. B. Ward, of Madisonville, son of Morris Ward, who came from New Jersey in 1811, was born in a log but in this place in the year 1826. His grandfather and father came to the county when bridle paths were used as great highways. He bought land now adjoining the town. Morris Ward died in 1864, at filly-three years of age. He farmed, and at one time took a trip on a flatboat to New Orleans, for which services he received one hundred dollars, but after the trip down was made he found that he had either to pay one hundred dollars to get back on a steamer (the first trip of the first boat of the kind on the river) or walk it. He chose the former conveyance, his comrades the latter, but he reached home some seven weeks before them. Mr. Ward, like his father, has lived a quiet, retired life, not caring for nor meddling with politics. He was married to Miss Pearson, daughter of William Pearson, an old settler of the county, in 1848, and lives on a part of the homestead farm. He was a soldier in the one hundred day service, and was encamped before Petersburgh during his stay in the army. C. S. Ebersole, deceased, was a resident of Madisonville. The handsome cottage now the residence of Mrs. Ebersole, nee Armstrong, bespeaks a style of luxury to the passer by. Mr. Ebersole was one of the old settlers of Columbia township. His father, Christian Ebersole, was a Maryland farmer, who settled near the mouth of the Little Miami in 1802. In 1808 he erected the old homestead now occupied by Thomas Brooks. Mr. C. S. Ebersole was born in 1799, settled in Oakley in 1843, and in Madisonville in 1871. He died in 1881. John Beiswarnger, of Madisonville, was born in 1834, in Germany. He came to America in 1846. His parents dying when he was young, John was placed under the guardianship of his uncle. In 1855 he went to Kansas, where he followed his trade at brick-moulding. In 1872 he came to Madisonville, where he now lives, owner and proprietor of the Madisonville house. He als0 owns other property in this place. J. S. Hoffman, of Columbia township, is an enterprising farmer, living on a good tract of land about 0ne mile from Madisonville. Mr. Hoffman was born in Fairfield c0unty, Ohio, near Tarlton, in 1822; moved to Cincinnati in 1848, where he was a carpenter for seventeen years, coming here in 1865. In 1860 he was married to Miss Deborah Muchmore, sister of C. S. Muchmore.' His grandfather was born on the Rhine; in Germany, but came over and settled in Virginia, where Julius, father of John, was born. Julius was in the War of 1812, came to Fairfield in 1812, moving from Kentucky to that place. Messrs. D. S. and J. A. Hosbrook, were born near Madeira, the former in 1844 and the latter in 1850. Their grandfather, Daniel Hosbrook, came here from New Jersey and was by occupation a surveyor. He was the first sheriff of this county. Was elected county surveyor for two terms, and was several times elected a member of the State legislature. His death occurred in 1868. John L., the father of D. S. and J. A., was born in 1817, on the place adjoining the one upon which he now resides. In 1841 he was married to Deborah Ferris, daughter of Solomon Ferris,.one of the earliest settlers of this county. In 1842 he was elected county-surveyor, which office he held for six years; and was also county engineer for several terms. D. S. Hosbrook studied at College Hill; was married in 1867 to Viola M. Karr, daughter of Harvey Karr, also of this county. Served in the capacity of county surveyor and county enginee1 from 1873 to 1879. Was on two other occasions a candidate on the Democratic ticket for county surveyor. Both of these occasions being "off" years for the Democrats he was "left" with the balance of the ticket. He is at present extensively engaged on private work, and is employed by the corporations of St. Bernard and Reading as their engineer. J. A. Hosbrook was educated at Delaware, Ohio. Was married in 1871 to Alice A. Fowler, daughter of Leonard Fowler, of Hamilton county. In 1872 he removed to Indianapolis, where he served as assistant county engineer for several years. In 1878 he returned to Madeira, to accept a position as a special engineer; of this county, which appointment has since been renewed, and which he now holds. He has also the appointment of engineer for the village of Madisonville, and is a member of the Madeira board of education. John Weir of Madeira was born in the parish of Arbooth in the year 1822, and was a carpenter. He longed for the wilds of America, and, after marrying Miss Eliza- HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 279 beth Stephen of his native town, set sail for America in 1847. On arriving at his destination he wandered around for awhile and finally settled on a good farm near Madeira, and is doing well. Mrs. Weir was born in 1826, and is the daughter of a manufacturer in Scotland. Mr. Weir is erecting a dwelling-house in Madisonville, in which place one of his daughters resides; she is married to a merchant of that place. John D. Moore of Madeira was born in Philadelphia, December 7, 1836, and when but two years of age his father removed to Cincinnati where he still lives, a resident of Walnut Hills. His mother died of cholera in 1849. Mr. Moore was in the shoe business for about fifteen years, having his store on the corner of Central avenue and Sixth street. In 1867 he removed to Madeira, in which place he has built about fifteen houses. He is at present building a residence in the city of Cincinnati. In 1857 he was married to Miss Rachel Mann, daughter of Major J. B. Mann an old settler and prominent public spirited citizen of Hamilton county. He was not only an active man in the affairs of his township but also in the Methodist Episcopal church of which he was a member. He died in 1860, at the age of fifty-six years. Mrs. Moore's mother, Mrs. Catharine Mann, died in in 1875, seventy-four years of age, at the Mann homestead, where she was born and reared. J. H. Locke, principal of the public schools of Pleasant Ridge, is a native of Miami county, Ohio, and is the son of W. W. Locke, who is a graduate of Delaware college, Ohio, and superintendent of the public schools in the country for a period of twenty years. The younger Locke completed his education at New Richmond, Ohio, and immediately afterwards came to Hamilton county, where he taught in a district near Pleasant Ridge for six years. Two years ago he was invited to take charge of the schools in this place. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has had for several years charge of the Sabbath-school as its superintendent. He married Miss Davis, of Warren county, Ohio. Lewis Kennedy, of the firm of Lewis Kennedy & Co., commission merchants and dealers in field seeds and grain, No. 36, Vine street, Cincinnati, Ohio, is a descendant of one of the earliest pioneer settlers of Cincinnati, his great-grandfather coming here when there were only a very few huts in the place, and before his death originating the ferry transit across the river. His son David, grandfather of Lewis, ran the boat and also a farm he 0wned at Pleasant Ridge, which was owned by John W. Kennedy, Lewis' father. Lewis Kennedy began business in Cincinnati in 1859, forming a partnership first with J. M. McCullough, on Fifth and Main, for a period of ten years. He has been doing business on Vine street about the same length of time. He was married to Miss Delia McCullough and has his residence in Norwood during the summer and in the city during the winter seas0ns. Mr. Kennedy owns considerable property in Cincinnati and elsewhere. John Swift, of Pleasant Ridge, was born in Heage, England, June 6, 1830. His grandfather, John Swift, owned extensive coal fields in which he employed a large force of help. He died at the age of seventy-seven, February 14, 1859. His wife, Miss Sarah Harvey, died March 22, 1863. Thomas Swift, his son and father to John, was b0rn in Heage, England, June 19, 1810. He was a manufacturer of edge tools. He married a Miss Ann Simpkinson, and by her had nine children six of whom are living, the eldest and youngest dying in infancy, and Charles, after he had made a brilliant record in the army, died in the year 1871. He was born in 1837; enlisted in the service and became brigade adjutant in the Fourteenth army corps. He was first lieutenant, then captain, in the Fiftieth Ohio regiment of volunteers. He afterwards served on General Cook's staff, and was also one time brigade inspector. The family left England in 1850 for America, but before the water was crossed the mother died. They landed in New Orleans, and from there came to Cincinnati, where John Swift clerked in the store of J. & A. Simpkinson, on Lower Market street, and afterwards opened on the same street in the boot and shoe trade for himself. He went to Clermont county to superintend his farm, but after a three years' stay he came to Pleasant Ridge (1864) and settled down to a retired life. He married Miss Euretta F. Williams, of Walnut Hills, in 1859. Her parents were old settlers of the city. Her grandfather kept st0re and also manufactured buckskin breeches, the Indians supplying the material. Her father owned much valuable property in the city. Samuel Swift is a brother of John, and is the well known wagon-maker of Pleasant Ridge. He was married to Miss Rebecca Ashburn in 1864. He has a good trade, and is the only one in the family who is a Democrat. Mr. John Swift is Master Mason in the Pleasant Ridge lodge, and has also filled several of the township offices. William Ferris, of Mt. Lookout, a member of the firm of S. M. Ferris & Co., Linwood, was born in the year 1825, on the fifth of October; was married twice. His first wife, Miss Thompson, is deceasad. His second wife was a Miss Sargent. Mr. Ferris is a member of the Baptist church—has himself located in nice quarters in an elegant house in Mt. Lookout, and is in easy circumstances. He has a family of four children. John M. Ferris, brother of S. M. and William :Ferris, is also a member of the Ferris Manufacturing company, of Linwood, although he has his beautiful residence in Mt. Lookout. He has born January 13, 1832; was married to Miss Thompson, sister to his brother's wife, and is, as all the Ferrises are, a member of the Baptist church. Colonel Zadoc Williams, late of Mt. Lookout, was a native of Lafayette county, Pennsylvania. He came to this State with his father when quite young, in 1800. They landed first in Columbia; he afterwards bought the farm upon which the Cincinnati observatory now stands, which farm was kept in the family f0r seventy years before it was sold. Mr. Williams was married December 0, 1821, to Ann Giffins, of Red Bank. She was born in 1802, and is still living. Mr. Williams' first saw the light of day in 1798, and died February 16, 1881. He was a 280 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. farmer—sometimes performing the business of a merchant and shipping on flatboats to New Orleans the produce of his own farm and that' of others. The days in which he lived were noted for its magnificent wants—as we view the past at the present time—for we hear of hi~going to Wickersham's floating mill on the river to get his corn ground; 0f taking his hogs, hay, etc., to New Orleans to find a market; and of doing other things only incident to pioneer times. He finally bought the heirs out and owns. site homestead himself. He reared a family of nine children, six of whom are now living. His eldest daughter is now in Indiana. One son is a physician practicing in Indiana. John is a farmer, and Thomas J. Williams is a lumber merchant in Cincinnati. He was with Sherman through the war; held the position of first lieutenant; was offered a colonelcy of a negro regiment but refused it. B. C. Armstrong, of Plainville, was born in the village in which he lives in the year 1821. He has resided in the township with the exception of a few years spent in Butler county farming. His father, John A. Armstrong, came here in 1800 with five of his brothers from Virginia, and bought a large tract of land at this place. These brothers, John, the father of N. S. and B. C.; Nathaniel, father of Mrs. Thomas; William,. Thomas, and Leonard were the builders of the three well known mills on the Little Miami river. Of these water p0wers William and John owned the lower one, at Plainville, now in possession of Mr. Turpin, who lives in Newtown and who married Amanda Armstrong, daughter of John. Thomas and Leonard owned the middle mil', and Nathaniel the upper one. B. C. Armstrong married a Miss Sarah Norris, of Maryland, and by her had six children, four of whom are now living—Amanda Turpin, of Newt0wn; Elizabeth Ebersole, of Madisonville; B. C. and N. S., of Plainville. Mr. Ebersole, deceased, owned a farm at the mouth of the Little Miami, but in late years, being sorely afflicted with catarrh, retired from business. N. S. Armstrong lives in Plainville. He was agent for the Little Miami railroad company for seventeen years, and also owned a store, but has lately sold out. He married a Miss Morton, of Clermont county. B. C. Armstrong married Miss Martha Lyons, of Pennsylvania. Jacob Thomas, deceased, was born in 1802 in Chester county, Pennsylvania; came to Columbia township in 142, and purchased a tract of land near Plainville, which he farmed until he departed this life, which occurred in 1879. He married Miss Naomi Armstrong in the year 1833. She was a daughter of Nathaniel Armstrong, who owned the upper mill on the Little Miami river. The mill was afterwards run by Jacob Thomas, and was one of the three old-fashioned water-wheel powers of that kind built by the Armstrong brothers in a very early day. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. JARED CLOUD, of Colerain township, was born on St. Patrick's day, the seventeenth of March, 1808; is of Welsh and English descent on his father's side and of French descent on that of his m0ther. Mason Jones Cloud, his grandfather, came from Virginia about the year 1778, and settled in Boone county, Kentucky. Unfortunately f0r the fate of Mas0n, he was required to return to Virginia f0r a sum of money there due him, and after only a three days' stay in his new home, in company with two others, set 0ut on his perilous trip, and, with his companions, was massacred on Licking river by the hostile Indians. Mason was the father of eleven children, three sons and eight daughters. Of these sons Baylis was the oldest, was the father of Jared, and was about nineteen years of age when the family came to Kentucky. He was born in 1774 in Virginia; was married in 1803 to Miss Elizabeth Tebbs, daughter of an old pioneer of Boone county, Kentucky. In 1811 Baylis removed to Dearborn county, Indiana, when Jared was but three years of age. Indiana was then a mere wilderness; bridle-paths led here and there instead of our present highways. The Indians were sometimes troublesome, while the flocks had to be constantly guarded against the ravages of the wolf and the bear. The principal product of mercantile value tnen to the family was tobacco. This article could be raised and packed to Cincinnati—then a mere town—and a profit sufficiently large could be realized to keep the family in the luxuries of that day. Cl0thing was manufactured in toto; flax and whool were spun and woven, and the more tasty articles of dress were manufactured from these. The deer furnished the family with moccasons and hunting shirts, and sometimes other wearing apparel. When Jared was sixteen years of age he commenced life for himself, and for twenty-two years after worked for Anthony Harkness, an engine-builder, on Front street, between Pike and Lawrence, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The first two or three years while learning the business Jared received nothing, but afterwards a salary was paid, and finally, during the last seven years of his stay, he was made foreman of the shop, which at that time was the largest or the kind in the west. They manufactured locomotives (the first one used in the west), steamboat engines, and others for sugar-mills, saw-mills, etc. Mr. Cloud was married in the year 1840, and in 1843 moved his present home to the Bank Lick farm, since which time he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits wholly. His farm consists of two hundred and sixty acres, and lies partly in Hamilton and partly in Butler county. His wife is now dead, and also one son, who was fatally kicked by a horse, dying in a few days thereafter. He had been in the hundred day service, and had just returned home when the accident occurred in his father's barnyard. Mr. Cloud is of a long-lived fam- HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 281 ily, has never been sick, and at this late day retains the sprightliness of his youth to a remarkable degree. JOSEPH CILLEY was a member of General Washington's staff, and was a colone1 of a New Hampshire regiment in the war of the Revolution. His son, Jonathan, was the father of Bradbury, the subject 0f this sketch. Jonathan was born March 18, 1763, came to the wilds of Ohio in Colerain, in 1803, having left his native State in 1802, but spending the winter in Wheeling, did not arrive until 1803. Jonathan was in the service with his father as a servant, and after coming to Ohio was associate judge for some years. Of Jonathan's sons, Benjamin Cilley was a farmer in Whitewater township; Joseph, who was the eldest son, was a lieutenant in the War of 1812, was wounded while rallying his men; and Bradbury Cilley lived on the old homestead near Colerain. Bradbury was born in Nottingham, New Hampshire, May 16, 1798. When he was four years of age his parents, with their family of eight children, emigrated to Ohio. Their tedious journey over the mountains was made in a four-horse, wagon and a two-horse carriage. At Wheeling they sent their horses by land, and the family came in a boat to Cincinnati, then a village, where they wintered. In the spring of 1803, they purchased a section of land on the Big Miami, at what was then called Dunlap's Station, about, sixteen miles from Cincinnati. This station was founded in 1790, by John Dunlap, and was the first settlement in the interior, back from the Ohio river. The Indians gave the settlers so much trouble that General Harrison, at Fort Washinton, now Cincinnati, sent for their protection a detachment of soldiers under Lieutenant Kingsbury. In 1791 the fort was attacked by about four hundred Indians, but being gallantly de- 36 fended the Indians desisted, and after Mayne's treaty, in 1795, the garrison was dismissed. Colerain was laid out by Dunlap, who named it after his native place in Ireland. The settlers who bought of him lost their claims for want of perfect titles to the land. In 1807 Jonathan Cilley died of asthma, and left five sons and four daughters, wh0 were taught the rudiments of an education by the eldest sister. Bradbury went to study mathematics, but soon went ahead of his teacher. The m0st of his education was acquired in later years by acute observation and rough contact with the world. He early devel0ped a taste for trading, and when twenty-one years of age built a flatboat, loaded it with farm produce and floated it down the Miami, Ohio, and Mississippi rivers to New Orleans, where he sold all and came back on horseback, a, distance of eleven hundred miles. These trips he continued every year—sometimes twice a year—for fifteen years. If not suited with the New Orleans market he would go on to Cuba. About this time he was captain of a company, and afterwards major of a militia regiment, but was never called into active service. When a bachelor of thirty-six years he married a neighbor's daughter, who was twelve years his junior. He never held or coveted public office, preferring the retirement of a farmer's life. He was industrious and enterprising, and gathered around him considerable property. He had a strict sense of right and justice, was stern, unyielding, and almost unflinching, and quite unchangeable in his opinion. Bradbury's wife was the daughter of Elias and Elizabeth Gasten Hedges, of Morristown, New Jersey. Of their children Mrs. James Poole (Groesbeck) is the eldest; Mrs. Mary Bedmyer and Mrs. Elizabeth Bedinger, of Boone county, Kentucky; Mrs.. Harriet Turner, Sarah J. Morehead, and Agnes Cilley, of Venice, are now living. The Bedinger families living in Boone county occupied .the land once owned by Daniel Boone. CROSBY, GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY. Crosby is bounded 0n the south by the Great Miami and Whitewater townships, on the west by Harrison township, on the north by Butler county, and on the east by the Great Miami river, which separates it from Colerain township. Its present lines begin at the point on the Great Miami where the parallel between secti0ns twenty four and twenty-five intersects the river, thence west of the southwest corner of section twenty-two, thence north to the Butler county line, thence east to the Great Miami, and down that stream along its course to the place of beginning. The south line, separating this township from Whitewater, is but two and three-fourths miles long, its west line four miles, its north line six and a half miles. Crosby township, as cut Gown to its present limits by the formation of other townships, is the. smallest in the county, with the exception of its neighbor, Harrison, and of Delhi and Spencer. It comprises but fifteen full secti0ns and seven fractional sections, the latter being those which abut up0n the Great Miami river. Its total acreage is twelve thousand three hundred and eighty-two. The section lines in this township are exceedingly irregular, far more so than in any other township of Hamilt0n county west of this stream, a fact thoroughly surprising in view of its location altogether upon the Congress lands, with which Judge Symmes' blundering surveyors and surveying purchasers are supposed to have had nothing to do. The second tier of sections from the west, for example, has an average breadth scarcely more than half as great as that of the sections in the tier next on either side of it. Those in the westernmost tier are considerably broader from east to west than from north to south, but are tolerably perfect parallelograms, while those next to the east, the three entire sections in the third tier from- the west, and the two full sections in each of the next succeeding tiers—that is, to say, all the full sections in the township, except those of the westernmost tier—are trapezoids, by virtue of the divergence or convergence of their meridian lines. The other lines are parallel, and the north line of the county, west of the Great Miami, separating Crosby and Harrison townships from Butler county, is perfectly straight, unlike the boundary line resulting from Symmes' surveys between the Miamis. It, however, strikes the Great Miami about half a mile below, the point where the n0rth line of Coleerain intersects that stream. Had the parallel 0f Colerain been continued westward, as the n0rth boundary line of the county west of the river, it would have brought into Hamilton the village of Venice, now in Butler c0unty, and a very valuable strip of land in the Whitewater and Miami valleys, now lost to Hamilton and gained by Butler. The ranges in which Crosby township lies are: Range one, township three, comprising within it the three western tiers of secti0ns, and so by far the larger part of the township; and range two, township two, comprising the five full and six fractional sections east of the range line. The principal waters of Crosby are the Great Miami river and the Dry fork of the Whitewater rive The former curves in and out in a most remarkable manner on the eastern and southern fronts of this township; and contrives to wash ab0ut nine linear miles of its territory, in making southward across but four miles of latitude. Its general course is to the southwestward, though it flows toward every point of the compass in passing this township, and making its wonderful twists and bends. The great bend noted at some length in the history of Colerain township, as nearly enclosing the peninsula upon which stand the famous ancient work and the site of Dunlap's station, projects its nose into Crosby township. The niter receives, near the northeast corner of this township, a small tributary which heads across the line near Venice; a mile below New Baltimore it welcomes the waters of Paddy's run, which also takes its rise in Butler county, but, a little more than midway of its course, upon section seven, gets a small affluent which is altogether in Hamilton; and just before leaving the township has another but petty tributary. The Dry fork of Whitewater intersects with an exceedingly tortuous course the entire western part of the towneship, entering upon section three, near the northwestern corner of the township, passing to the south and eastward until near the eastern line of the second tier of townships from the west, and thence making its way southwestward to its point of exit almost at the southwestern corner of Crosby. In its many turnings and windings it must, like the Great Miami, measure scarcely less than nine miles in length of channel while making the four miles of disetance across the township. It takes its singular name from the disappearance of its waters in the dry season before reaching their usual debouchure into the Whiteewater west of Hunt's grove, in Whitewater township. Two of its larger tributaries—Howard's creek, which rises in Butler county and enters the Dry fork at New Haven; and Lee's creek which comes from Harrison township, joining the Dry fork not far from the town line in section twenty-two—take their names from noted old pioneers. Several other streams of moderate size, mostly flowing - 282 - THOMAS ENOCH SATER.- MRS. THOMAS E. SATER. This gentleman was born November 2, 1831, in Crosby township, as were all his brothers and sisters. He is the youngest child of William and Nancy (Jones) Sater. He mnarried Mary Ellen Pottinger, of the well-known pioneer family, December 19, 1855. She was the daughter of James W. and Mary Pottinger, of New Baltimore and then of Harrison township, Dearbor County, Indiana. Her day of birth was October 10, 1837, of death May 25, 1858, after a lingering illness with consumption. By this marriage one son-James Pottinger, born November 14, 1856; married February 14, 1878, to Miss Libbie Crocker, of Middleton, Iowa. They have two children-Arthur C., born December 29, 1878, and a daughter, not yet named, born January 28, 1881. He resides at the old home of his mother in Dearborn county, Indiana. A second time Mr. Sater was married, September 26, 1860, to Miss Mary Gwaltney. By her he has children as follows: Olive May, born October 26, 1861; Eliza Ann, born February 4, 1865; Joseph T., born June 5, 1870. All these are with their parents at home. Mr. Sater was educated simply in the district schools of his childhood and youth, but has supplemented early deficiencies by much reading and observation of the world. His father died when he was but sixteen years old; he continued at home, assisting in the management of the farm until the property was divided in 1850, when the homestead, with seventy-five acres attached, fell to him, to which he has since made substantial additions, owning now one hundred and one-half acres. He has remained a quiet farmer at the old home since, but has often been called to fill public offices, as township clerk, assessor, and the like, and was member of the house during the Sixty-first general assembly of Ohio, in 1874-5, being elected on the Democratic ticket, to which he has given a lifelong allegiance. Here he was assigned to service on the important committees of agriculture and retrenchment. In all public and private stations he has borne himself as a man of integrity and energy, and bears a high reputation among his acquaintances and friends. In connection with his brother, presently to be noticed, he has been influential in the counsels of the Democratic party and in keeping his township generally true to that faith. He has been a Free and Accepted Mason since May, 1852, and has advanced to the degree of Knight Templar. In this order has filled about all the offices of the Blue Lodge, and is now a member of Council, Chapter, and Commandery, of Cincinnati. Mary (Gwaltney) Sater is a daughter of the late Dr. Samuel and Sarah Gwaltney, of Crosby, formerly of Anderson township, where the father is believed to have been born November 2, 1799. In this township he was married to Sarah Wheatley, January 6, 4,1820. She was born April4, 1794, and died October 16, 1871. He died May 25, 1872, also at New Haven. Their daughter Mary was born November 4, 1828, in Colerain township. Other children of the 1881 family were: James, born April 2, 1821, married Sarah Sater February 7, 1843, and resides in Morgan township, Butler county; Martha Ann, born December 7, 1822, died January 4, 1861; Josiah, born August 26, 1834 married Mary Ann Atherton September 12, 1859, and after her death, Mrs. Catharine Mason in 1875 or 1876, and resides on a farm adjoining that of his brother-in-law, Mr. Sater; Robert J., horn August 3, 1826, married Elizabeth Smith September 3, 1854, and is a physician living in Fayette county, Indiana; Washington, born October 21, 1830, died July 19, 1831; Elizabeth, born May 14, 1832, resides with her brother-in-law, Thomas E. Sater; Rhoda, born May 14, 1832, married Oliver W. Clark October 1859, and lives near Rockport, Spencer county, Indiana. Dr. Gwaltney was in his day, and for many years, a prominent quiet farmern Anderson and Colerain townships, in Crosby township from 1825 to 1844, and Fayette county, Indiana, from 1844 to the fall of 1849, when he moved back to the village of New Haven, Crosby township, where he spent the remainder of hit days, being at the time of his death by far the oldest physician in this region. It was at his house, in July, 1863, during the passage of John Morgan's rebel force through New Haven, that Morgan and Colonel Basil Duke held a council in regard to their future movements through Hamilton county and the State. Mary Gwaltney remained with her parents in Colerain and Crosby townships until her marriage with Mr. Sater. She was educated in the district and village schools. Since her marriage her history has been almost altogether that of her husband. She was reared in the Baptist faith, to which her parents were attached. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 283 from the north, swell the waters of the Dry fork bef0re it leaves Cr0sby t0wnship. So well-watered a tract, considering the general character of the Miami valleys, naturally does not abound in hill-country. The township is largely taken up by the level, fertile belts of alluvial land adjoining the stream; but is pleasantly diversified in places by higher spots, in hills and ridges, none of which, however, are lofty or particulary abrupt. Crosby the only township in Hamilton county, except Colerain, which has not a foot of railway upon its soil. The route of the projected Liberty, Connersville, and Richmond railroad is, however, surveyed to enter this township from Butler county, near the centre of the north line of section six, running thence south and east about four miles to New Baltimore, a little east of which it will cross the Great Miami. There is also a rather unusual paucity of wagon-roads in the township, but seemingly sufficient for the needs of the people. The township has at present but three villages—New Haven and Whitewater, in the western part, and New Baltimore, in the southeast, about five miles from New Haven. ANCIENT WORKS. A number of mounds, and at least one enclosure of some importance, exist in this township. The latter is a little north of New Baltimore, on the Great Miami, in a bend 0f which it is located, and corresponds to its curves, making an imperfect semi-circle. Human remains have recently been taken from a mound at this place. Two miles and a half southeast of New Haven, on the farm of Mr. Daniel Whipple, is an ancient burying-gr0und, now thickly overgrown with underbrush. It is said the graves in this are marked by stones. On the same range of hills, three miles south of New Haven, on J. W. Scott's place, is a superb mound, the finest in this region, which has never been excavated. Both of these lie not far from the lower or shorter road from New Haven and New Baltimore. Upon a hill west of John Meyer's farm, in this township, are two or three mounds, from, which portions of skeletons have been taken. Similar remains have been found in the township, exactly south of New Haven, on the range of hills along the Dry fork of Whitewater, where seems to be a regular ancient cemetery, in which, it is said, the bodies were placed in square spaces, protected on all sides by a kind of red limestone. About fifty grave ;have been identified there, with one or two mounds. Dr. Bartlett, the veteran practitioner at New Haven, declares that the bones found here are not those of the red man. Southwest of New Haven, half or three-fourths of a mile, on the Simonson farm, is another mound, of eight to ten feet height. Besides human remains, there have been taken from the ancient works of Crosby township well-executed pipes, stone articles of admirable workmanship and finish, pottery in various shapes, and other evidences of at least a partial civilization. Among the most interesting antiquities in this town-is the grave of Adam Poe, the renowned Indian fighter and hero of s0me of the most remarkable stories of the border warfare, particularly of the conflict with the chief Big F0ot. His remains are interred in the burying-ground used by the North family of Shakers, one to two miles from New Haven. FIRST SETTLEMENTS. Joab Comstock was probably the pi0neer white in Crosby township. He immigrated from the vicinity of New Haven, Connecticut, in 1801, made a large entry of land, embracing several sections, and made his home about one mile and a half east of the present village of New Haven (Preston post office), with his farm reaching the bank of the Great Miami and the road to Venice, Butler county. He was the founder, in 1815, of the village of New Haven, in this township. He laid out the village of Crosby soon after coming, giving it his mother's maiden name, the township subsequently formed also taking its name from it. This was the only village of much account in the whole valley when the township was set off In April, 1801, when the public lands west of the Great Miami were first offered for sale at Cincinnati, a notable purchase was made in the northwest part of what is now this township.. Jeremiah Britterfield, an enterprising young Massachusetts man who had come to Cincinnati shortly before as a prospector, and had assisted Colonel Ludlow to run the boundary line between the territory of the United States and that of the Indian tribes, as prescribed by the Greenville treaty, formed a company with Knoles and Alvin Shaw, their father, Esquire Shaw, Asa Harvey, and Noah Willey, to make investments in the lands. They bought at the first sales two full sections and as many large fractional sections, extending from near the mouth of Indian creek, in what is now Butler county, about three miles down the Great Miami into this township and county. The tract comprises about two thousand acres, nearly all bottom land, perfectly level, and exceedingly fertile. In order to secure it the company bid ten cents per acre above the minimum price, thus getting for two dollars and a dime an acre a tract probably n0w worth not less than two hundred thousand dollars. The six joint owners then divided the land, under a survey made by Emanuel Vantrees and according to the amounts they had respectively paid, each having a front on the river and his piece stretching back to the west line of the tract. Mr. Butterfield thus obtained eight hundred acres, partly in Butler and partly in Hamilton county. His own residence he fixed at a point near where Venice has since been founded. He handsomely improved his place, being the first in that region to plant an orchard, became an influential and wealthy citizen, and died at a good old age June 27, 1853. His sons Sherebiah, John, and Jeremiah, have since lived prosperously on parts of the ancestral estate, in Crosby township. The first named was during many years a justice of the peace for the township. Among other early settlers were the Cones, the Dicks, the Wakefields, and other well known families, many of whom will be further noticed in this chapter. 284 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO THE ORIGINAL RECORDS Of Crosby township were kept by Hartman Vantrees, Robert Simmonds, Elijah Thompson, Daniel Bailey, C. Atherton, and Patterson Blackburn. The ear-marks of stock owners were duly and numerously recorded, as the law required in that day. Some of the entries are as follows: No. 1, June 25, 1803. Hartman Vantrees' ear-mark is a crop off left ear and a hole in the right ear. His brand is H. V. No. 2. July 1, 1803. Noah Willey's ear-mark is a half crop on the, under side of the left ear. (Taken up by Israel Buell). No. 19. May 10, 1805. Andrew Scott's ear-mark is an under bit and an upper bit in the left ear, and a small slit in the right. H. VANTREES, Township Clerk. No. 32. September 5, 1809. Adam Myers' ear-mark is a crop off the left ear and a slit on the right. ROBERT SIMMONDS, Township Clerk. No. 50. August 30, 184. Clark Bunnell's ear-mark is a crop off each ear and an under-bit off both ears, with a slit in the end of the left. No. 53. January 24, 1815. Joseph Sater's ear-mark is a crop and a slit and an upper and an under-bit. all on the right ear. His brand is J. S. No. 54. January 24, 1815: William Sater's ear-mark is a crop off the left ear and an under half crop off the right. DANIEL BAILEY, Township Clerk. No. 70. July 24, 1817. Isaac Frost's ear-mark is a crop off the left ear, a slit on the right, and an under-bit out of the left. ELIJAH THOMPSON, Township Clerk. Some of the entries come down to a comparatively recent day; as witness these: No. 104. July 39, 1835. John Carter's ear-mark is an under-bit out of each ear. No. 105. August 3, 1835. Lathan L. Bartlett's ear-mark is a crop off the right ear. Formerly used by Samuel B. Looker. No. 107. October 6, 1838. John Baughman's ear-mark is a large under-slope off both ears, so made as to take both the point and heel of the ear, which mark is sometimes called foxing. JOAB COMSTOCK, Township Clerk. Another unique entry, which would hardly find a precedent nowadays, is the following: February 10, 1824. State of Ohio, Hamilton county, to Enoch C. Hunter, constable of Crosby township: You are commanded to summons Polly Mathews to depart from this township with her family, if she has any, in time prescribed by law, and of this writ make due return. NATHANIEL CROOKSHANK Overseer of the Poor. JAMES SCOTT, commissioned a justice of the peace for Crosby township, Hamilton county, Ohio. JOHN CAVENDER, Township Clerk. April 1, 1826. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. These documents show that Hartman Vantrees was township clerk in 1803-5; Robert Simmonds in 1809; Daniel Bailey, 1815; Elijah Thompson, 1817; John Cavender, 1826; and Joab Comstock, 1838. James Scott, it also seems, was a justice of the peace in Crosby in 1826, and Nathaniel Crookshank then an overseer of the poor. We have also notes of the following justices in the years designated 1819—Luther Tillotson, Joab Comstock, Isaac Morgan, Samuel Halstead, William McCanee. 1825—William Wakefield, Jacob Scott. 1829—William Wakefield, Henry Lincoln, Oliver Hays, jr., Joseph McHenry. 1865-6—Christopher Kallenberger, John Carter. 1867—John Carter, R. J. Gwathney. 1868-9—The same, with M. V. B. Sater. 1870-3—John Carter, M. V. B. Sater. 1874-5—John Carter, Joseph Scull. 1876—G. W. Milholland, Israel Atherton. 1877—G. W. Milholland, Israel Atherton, William Siegle. 1878—G. W. Milholland, William Siegle. 1879-80—William Siegle, J. N. Duncan. THE CROSBY TOWN-HOUSE was put up in 1865, upon a lot granted for that sole purpose by Samuel Bevis. M. M. L. Bevis gives' the following account of its genesis: During the last few years of the late Rebellion, there was an organization composed of the voters in the township, for the purpose of aiding persons who were drafted. Each member deposited a certain sum of money with the treasurer of the society. Of course the entire association was not likely to be called to the army at the same time, hence when a member was drafted a substitute was sent in his place, paid out of the treasury of the organization; thus it only cost the unlucky man a proportionate share of the expense. When the secession ended there remained some twelve hundred dollars in the treasury. The question was finally decided that a township house should be built with the remaining funds. The building was erected by Mr. James Williamson, at, a cost of twelve hundred dollars, in the village of New Haven. AN INCIDENT. Perhaps the most remarkable case 0f lightning stroke on record, so far as it relates to effects upon the human being and remarkable recovery from terrible injuries thereby, occurred in this township about the year 1835, upon a farm one and a half to two miles northwest of New Haven. Captain James Cummins, who resided there, is the principal hero of the story. It was in the early spring, upon an afternoon, that a heavy thundercloud, threatening rain, was observed in the west. As it came up in the sky, it spread- along the horizon, and from the horizon toward the zenith, making repeated and powerful lightning discharges during its approach. One of these at length descended upon the premises of Captain Cummins. The astonishing effects upon the house and its occupants, and especially upon the head of the family, are thus told in a letter to the Harrison News of February 19, 1880, from Burlington, Iowa, by Mr. Joab Comstock, jr., who was at the time a student of medicine with Dr. James Comstock, at New Haven: It struck the chimney of the house, ran down on the west side of it to the ridge of the roof, but soon parted, one stream passing down on the north side of the roof, zigzagging across the shingles tuna about midway, when it took down over the eave and the casing of a window, and thence to the ground. The other stream passed in like manner diagonally across the south side of the roof, but before reaching the eave divided again, one stream running over the eave and down the casing of a front window; the other stream going on further in like manner, ran down the casing of the front door, then into the ground. Mrs. Cummins was sitting in the west room, near its middle, rocking the cradle. John, the oldest son, was in the chamfer above, lying on the bed reading. Nancy, the eldest daughter, was doing something before a bed that was in the room, where her mother sat. Two younger girls were in the other room attending to the work there. The mother was severely shocked, but not seriously hurt. Nancy was thrown forward onto the bed before which she was standing, but not much hurt; John, who was up-stairs, was stunned so much, as he told me, that the first thing that he remembered he was half way to New Haven for a doctor. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 285 The two girls in the other room were severely shocked, so that they complained for days of severe pains in their limbs. Mr. Cummins called Adam, the second son, to help him carry the new wagon under the shed. Adam took the end of the tongue, it being a stiff tongue, and the father took the axle. Adam had passed under the shed, and. Mr. Cummins had reached a position directly under the point of the scythe that hung above him, when a stream of lightning, which, no doubt, had become detached from the main shaft, was attracted by the scythe, and by it conducted to its point, dropped on the top of the captain's head. It made a small hole in the middle of the hat-crow, much like a small bullet-hole; the body and rim of the hat, which was of strong felt, were literally torn to pieces. The neighbors picked up and counted sixty-three pieces. The crown of the hat remained entire, except the hole through the centre. His underclothes were badly torn and set on fire. The pants, of nearly new and strong casinet, had the backs of the legs torn literally into shreds. His shoes, nearly new and of strong cowhide, had the outside quarters literally torn out. The stream, after penetrating the hat-crown, struck Mr. Cummins just in the crown or curl of hair on the top of his head. It spread out into a stream some three inches wide, passing down the back of his head and neck, turning the hair into a crisp, and matting it to the scalp so firmly that I presume I was an hour in detaching it from the scalp. On the back of the neck the stream divided, one part passing on down the spine to the hips, burning a wide strip all the way as broad as your hand and setting the clothes on fire. There were two or three places burned so deeply that subsequent sloughing took place. At the hips the main stream, as I call it, divided, the two streams passing down the back of each leg, and off at the heels, as above stated. The stream that parted from the main stream on the neck wound around the side of the neck to the sternum or breast-bone, passing down the sternum to the pit of the stomach; then it divided and wound around each side to the hips, and there united with the stream already described; and thus united, passed off at his heels. Captain Cummins was of course very severely injured by the tremendous shock and the burns received. It is almost beyond belief that one could have such an electric discharge pass through, or rather over him, and not be instantly struck out of life. He did lose his hearing, at once and forever. Mr. Comstock tells the rest of the story in these words: He recovered slowly, but suffered a great deal from his barns and the shock his nervous system had. received. I visited him and dressed his wounds every morning for two or three weeks. It would take as much plaster to cover his burns as would cover the leaf of a common breakfast table. He finally recovered his health, and became hearty and well, and in 1839 moved with his family to Iowa, and settled at Middletown. He subsequently died of cholera; so that what lightning failed to accomplish the cholera did. I have never read or heard of a parallel case to this, and I do not believe there can be a ease to equal it found on record. NOTES OF SETTLEMENT. Ezra Sherman, sr., was born in Connecticut in the year 1765. He served for a short time in the Revolutionary war, and also took part in Wayne's campaign. He was a member of the Methodist church, and for a number of years was a minister in that denomination. C0ming to this State with the Ohi0 company he settled in Washington county, near Waterford. He was one of the first settlers who" ventured into what was then the Northwestern Territory, and remembers seeing the first steamboat that sailed down the Ohio river. He married Mary Pierce, a native of Connecticut. After a few years in Ohio he removed his home to Kentucky, and thence, after a stay of six years, to Indiana, where he lost his wife in 1822. After her. death, the father and three of his children joined the society of Shakers, in which they remained till death. The family consisted of five children—Anna, who married David E. Whitney, of Hamilton county; Manley, who married Frances Sterritt, of the same; Abel, married Ann McGuire, of Alabama; Ezra, who never married, and lives in this township; and Mary E., also single, and living in Indiana. Ezra Sherman, jr., one of the first trustees of the society of Shakers, was born in Washington county, Ohio, in 1805. When seven years old he went with his parents to Kentucky to live, and afterwards to Indiana. In 1826 he joined the society of Shakers. At various times he has learned the boot and shoemaker's, the stonemas0n's and the blacksmith's trades. He is a natural mechanic, and can do at once almost anything in the manufacturing line. He understands farming equally well, and has given especial attention to bee culture. Owing t0 the rules of the society, he takes no part in political affairs. He has voted for President of the United States only once, and that was for John Quincy Adams. Joab Whipple was born in Butler county, Ohio, March 20, 1817. About the year 1839, he removed to this county. His wife's maiden name was Jane J. Lutis, daughter of Isaac Lutis. They were married January 12, 1837. Nine children were duly born to them—Elizabeth L., Albina, Eunice J., Phoebe L., Isaac L., Zachary T., David J., Charles F., and Joab C. Of these, only five are now living—Elizabeth, Eunice, Isaac, Zachary, and Joab. Elizabeth married Henry Cone, and resides in Butler county; Isaac married Miss Inia L. Davis, and is a 1esident of Franklin county, Kansas; Zachary married Miss Letitia A. Davis, and also is in Butler county, Ohio; Joab married Miss Elizabeth Wabnitz, and lives in Crosby township. The last-named lives on the old home, his sister Eunice living with him. He was married March 17, 1880. Mrs. Whipple is a member of the church of United Brethern, and is one of its most liberal supporters. Joab Whipple, jr., is now a leading farmer in Hamilton county. His father died July 4, 1859, aged forty-six years. He was a man respected by all who knew him. Charles Cone, one of the pioneers, was born in Connecticut in the year 1772, whence he emigrated with his family in the spring of 1800, and was a resident of the county up to the time of his death, April 26, 1853. He was married to Miss Jane Harvey, who became the mother of twelve children : Rufus, Philena, Ann, Charles, Asa, James, James S., Thomas H., Grace, Rachel, William, and Martha. All of these but one, William, are now alive. He was born in this county January 2, 1810, and has been a resident of the county all his life, with the exception of about two years. He has been twice married; first February 6, 1834, to Miss Mary Atherton, daughter of Henry .Atherton, of Massachusetts. Three children followed: William H., Charles, and George M. February 9, 1841', he married Miss Mary Brown, daughter of Joseph Brown, of Butler county. To them were born two children: Rachel J., and Joseph. All the children have been married and are living. Mr. and Mrs. Cone are both members of the Presbyterian church, of which they are liberal supporters. When the elder Mr. Cone came to Ohio the country was all in woods. The first thing he did was to build a cabin to shelter his family. At a later day he built an inn on the bank of the 286 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. Great Miami river, and kept a ferry-boat for taking people across. The Indians at that time were exceedingly troublesome. William, the son, is now living in the same yard where the house stood in which he was born, and has reached the ripe age of seventy. His memory is still good, and he looks as though he might live many more ears. William W. McClure, jr., fourth child of William McClure, sr., was born in Franklin county, Indiana, November 6, 1830. In 1861 he moved to Hamilton county, where he has returned to the present day. February 18, 1860, he was married to Miss Martha A. Simonson, daughter of Barney Simonson, and to them were born six children, two of whom, William and Martha, are dead, and Elizabeth, Barney, Mary, and James, remain at h0me. Mr. McClure is considered a model farmer and one of the m0st influential citizens of the county. He is a consistent Christian, too; has long been a reliable member of the Christian church of his vicinity. At the present date he is serving his second year as school director in the township for district No. 2. Andrew Nugent, sr., one of the pioneers, was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, October 14, 1786. From this place he emigrated to Ohio about the year 1812. He was married to Miss Mary Hill March 4, 1814. Seven children were given them : Christiana, Catharine, James, John, Andrew J., William S., and Julia. Of these, all are living, with the exception of John. The mother died August 2, 1865; the father followed November 14, 1872. William was born in Whitewater township, Hamilton county, February 23, 1830; came to Crosby township in 1860, and has been a resident there ever since. He was married twice; first to Miss Elizabeth F. Lacy, daughter 0f Thomas Lacy, on the first of March, 1855. Ten children were born to them; three are now dead, and the mother also died November 12, 1875. His second marriage was to Mrs. Lydia Breese, daughter of Curtis Dean, and the widow of John Breese, on the eighth of March, 1878. Mrs. Nugent is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has always been active in its work and reliable in its support. Her husband connects himself with no organization. He is, however, a good moral man in his life, and has always been a worthy and respectable citizen. Andrew J. Nugent, the fifth child, and brother of the preceding, was born in Whitewater township on the fifth day of July, 1826. About the year 1854 he moved to Crosby township, and has been a resident here from that date to the present. He was married first to Miss Mary Baughman July 23, 1853. Eight children were born to them. Mrs. Nugent died on the second of October, 1873. He was married, the second time, t0 Miss Mary A. Bacon, of Miami township, August 2, 1879. One child has been added to his family. Mr. Nugent joined the "hundred days" service during the late war of the Rebellion. He is now an enterprising farmer and a respected citizen. William G. Oyler, second son of George and Sarah Oyler, was born in Kent, England, August 22, 1817. In 1828 he came to America. His home was with his parents in Crosby township, and he has remained in the same location, with the exception of four years' residence in Indiana. He was married first to Miss Rebecca Phillips, of Butler county, on the fifth of April, 1839. Their family consisted of six children. Of these three are living—Harriet, Sophia and Sarah. All are married : Harriet to Franklin Washburn, and is residing in the State of Indiana. Sophia married Alexander Campbell, and remains in this county. Sarah married William H. Guy, July 25, 1850, and lives in Madison county, Ohio. Mr. Oyler married for his second wife, Miss Eliza Van-tress, daughter of Isaac Vantress, of Indiana. She had nine children: Rebecca, James A., Alice C., Ada M., Elizabeth, Electa J., McClellan, William T., and Lida B. Of these seven are living, Rebecca and Elizabeth having died. The seven are all at home, excepting Alice, who married Charles L. Purlee on the sixth of October, 1880, and James, who has made his home in Kansas. Mr. Oyler has served as trustee in Crosby township for a period of fourteen years, and in every way ranks in his neighborhood as a leading citizen, and a genuinely good man. Samuel Pottinger came with his family to Hamilton county in 1815, and continued a resident of that county up to the time of his death. He was the father of eighteen children. John, the father of our subject, was born near Bardstown, Kentucky, April 2, 1797. He was married to Sarah Cornick about the year 1821. Elev children were afterward born to them: Susanna, Davis. H., Eliza A., James, Mary J., John, Samuel, Thomas, Sarah J., Nancy, and Elizabeth E. Of these, seven are living and four dead. David H., the second child, was born in this couhty February r 1, 1825, and has remained a resident all his life. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Atherton, daughter of Amos Atherton, October 10, 1847. Five children followed this union : John W., Mary A., David F., William, and Sarah E.—all living except William. Two are at ho -.rid two are married. John married Maria A. Simonson, and they are living in Crosby township. Mary married George Kemp, and they reside in Butler county, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Pottinger are members of the United Brethren church, and are classed among the most prosperous and worthy citizens of their township and county. Hugh Montgomery, the fourth child of Henry Montgomery, was born in Butler county, Morgan township, in the year 1821, February 28th. He married Miss Phoebe Brisbin, daughter of Robert Brisbin, January 18, 1849. Of this union were born twelve children: Ellen, Aaron, Mary, James, Thomas, Sarah, Henry, William and Nancy, living; and Mary, Andrew and George, dead. Seven of the children are still at home. James married Martha Sefton, and is a resident of Crosby township. Ellen married Benjamin Hawk, and they reside in the same township. Mr. Montgomery has long been one of the leading citizens of this county, and served as trustee for Crosby township during the term of four years, ending about 1876. Horace Willey, another of the pioneers, was born in Hampshire county, Massachusetts, February 13, 1792. His father's name was Israel Willey. He came to Ohio MR. AND MRS. GEORGE WABNITZ Daniel Wabnitz was born in Baden, Germany, in 1796. He came to America in 1844, and settled in Colerain township, upon the farm now owned by Theodore Ferrybaugh. He followed the business of farming from preference. 'He was a member of the German Lutheran church and in politics a Democrat. His wife was Hannah Roof, of Wurtemburg, Germany. He died in Colerain township in 1863, his wife died the previous year; They are buried the cemetery at Bevis. Their family consisted of six Children—Daniel, whose wife was Mary Hite, and who still lives in Hamilton county; Charles, married to Elizabeth Wike, and living now in Iowa; George, who married Frederika Wike, now living in this county; Louise, married to Rosini Wike and living in the same; Sarah, the wife of David Shearing, of Hamilton county; and Elizabeth, now in Baden, Germany. George Wabnitz was born in Baden, Germany, in the year 1829. He came to America with his father and settled in the same place. After coming here he learned the miller's trade, in which business he is now engaged at New Baltimore, in connection with farming. In 1866 he bought the mill property, which he now owns, from George Andrews Since purchasing he has expended nine thousand dollars in repairs, and the mill is now second to none on the Miami river. He also owns a steam sawmill immediately adjoining. Beginning business with very little, he has now a handsome property. At one time he was trustee of Crosby township. In 1879 he became infirmary director of the county, which office he still holds. In 185 he married Frederika Wike. Their children are Caroline, wife of Andy Lower; Lena, married to Coonrod Jacobie; Elizabeth, married to Joel Whipple; George Emily, Katie, Rachel, Emma, and one that died in infancy without a name. Mr. Wabnitz is a member of the United Brethren church. Concerning politics he is a staunch Republican. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 287 in 1800, and lived in Colerain township until March, 1879. He was married to Miss Anne Tate, daughter of John Tate, of Pennsylvania. She was born in Lycoming county, Pennsylvania, June 16, 1792. She came to Ohio in June, 1818, and on the seventh of March, 1822, married Horace Willey. They lived together until her death, January 7, 1879. There were seven children—Sarah J., Lewis, Lavinia, Marshall, Rachel, and Andrew J.; Rachel and Marshall are dead. Since Mrs. Willey's death, her husband made his home with his son, John Willey, and  subequently with his son-in-law, Jeremiah Butterworth, where he died March 3, 1880. John Willey, the second son of the preceding, was born in this county, March 30, 1824, and has been a resident of the same all his life. He was married to Miss Roxy A. Buell, daughter of Clinton D. Buell, October 16, 1880. Their children are Lottie A., Aurelia E., and Emily. The last named has died; the others are still living at home. Mrs. Willey .is a member of the Presbyterian church; her husband has no connection with any church organization, but is an industrious and respected citizen. He served as trustee for Crosby township between 1870 and '73. He has also filled the place of treasurer of the school board, in the district where he lives, for the last nine years. Judah Willey, a pioneer of the county, and a native of New Jersey, emigrated to Ohio and settled in Hamilton county, where he continued to live at the time of his death, August 16, 1854. His wife, Miss Caroline Buell, was the daughter of Israel Buell. The children were Amanda, Roxy, William, Anne B., Samuel, Israel, and Mary. Of these, but three—Roxy, Israel, and Mary—are now living. Israel was born in Hamilton county, January 14, 1834, and has been a resident here all his life. He married Miss Amelia Hedges, daughter of Stephen 0. Hedges, April 6, 1859. They have five children: Anna, Stephen, Amos, Dora, and David, all living and at home. Mrs. Willey is an excellent member of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Willey has never joined a church, but among the farmers of Hamilton county he is a most exemplary and respected citizen. Jeremiah Butterfield, one of the early pioneers, was born in Massachusetts March 4, 1776, just four months before the signing of the Declaration of Independence. When he was twelve years old his father moved to New York, and in 1797 he left his home to seek his fortune in the west. He was married to Miss Polly Campbell in the year 1800, came to Cincinnati the same year, and was a resident of the county to the time of his death, which occurred June 29, 1859. He was the father of eight children. Jeremiah, the fourth child, was born in Hamilton county, March 6, r811, and has remained there ever since. March 14, 1844, he was married to Miss Sarah Willey. They have had nine children: Anna M., Lavinia, Emma, Josephine, Horace W., Lydia, John, Ella, and Jennie. Josephine, Horace, Lydia, John, and Jennie are still living, and three are still at home. Josephine married Henry Brown, and lives in Butler county; Horace married Miss Wilhelmina Stephens, and remains in this county. Mrs. Butterfield is a member of the Pres byterian church, but her husband has never become a professing Christian. Elijah Whipple was born in Vermont in the year 1781. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Comstock, of Hamilton county, about 1807. They had eleven children—Seneca, James, Sarah, Joab, Rebecca, Ruth, Elizabeth, Jerry, Daniel, Ennis, and Samuel. But four of this number are still living—Seneca, Elizabeth, Daniel, and Samuel. Daniel, the ninth child, was born in Butler county, December 22, 1821; moved to Hamilton county about the year 1845, and has been a resident of the latter county ever since, with the exception of two years spent in California. On the nineteenth of October, 1848, he married Miss Susan Pottinger, daughter of John Pottinger, who was born in this county in May, 1823. There were five children belonging to this family—Sarah, Austin, Ella, John, and Joab. Austin only is not living. Mr. and Mrs. Whipple are both active members of the United Brethren church in their vicinity. The older Mr. Whipple died in 183o. His wife died seven years after that date. Josiah Bartlett was a native of the State of Connecticut, but emigrated from New York into Ohio. He settled in Crosby township abour the year 1838. In business he was a farmer all his life; as to politics he was a Whig until the Republican party started, after which time he was an active Republican. His religious symepathies were with the Methodist church, of which he was a member. He married Anna Latham, a native of Vermont. Six children constitute their family, four sons and two daughters—Sarah, who married Robert Brown, and is now a resident of New York State; Latham S., who married Nancy Comstock and afterward Hannah Marsh, and is now living in this county; Lucy, who married Abner Phelps, and has her home in Indiana; William, who married Eliza-Andrews and then Matilda Winter, and is a resident of Hamilton county; David married first to Eunice Comstock and afterward to Phoebe Ellsworth; and Laurentine, who is also married and living in Indiana. The fourth child, William H., was born in New York in 1806, where he received a common school education. In 1823 he came to Ohio and settled at first in New Haven. The same year he began the study of medicine with Dr. Comstock. He continued his studies four years, and then began the practice of medicine in company with Dr. Comstock. He stayed in New Haven two years, when he went to Miami township, and remained nine years in the same profession. Then he moved to Cheviot, Green township, where he passed another nine years, when he sold his practice to Dr. Cruikshank, and from there he returned to New Haven, where he still resides. In August, 1880, he sold his practice to Dr. Shields. While engaged in full duty he had the largest practice of any regular physician in the southwest part of Hamilton county. When he began business he had very little capital, but he has now accumulated a fine fortune. He was an old line Whig until the birth of the Republican party, since which time he has belonged to that organization. His first wife was a native of Ohio. She died in 1835, leav- 288 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. ing him three children. His second wife was from the State of New York. His children, Horace B. and Euphemia, are both residents of Hamilton county; Amanda married Nathaniel G. French and lives in Butler county. John Blackburn, a native of Ireland, emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 1796, and settled at North Bend. He worked at farming all his life. His death occurred in Butler county in the year 1814. His children are Catharine, a resident of this county; John, who was killed in Kentucky by the Indians; Agnes and Robert, residents of Hamilton county; Margaret, now in Pennsylvania; and McConnel, Bryson, Hamilton, and Patterson, are still belonging to this county. Patterson Blackburn was born in Pennsylvania in 1780, and, coming to Ohio with his father, first settled at North Bend. He learned the trade of a carpenter, and followed it during his life. In 1815 he went to Davis county, Indiana, where he stayed fourteen years; then he returned to Ohio and settled on the farm now owned by R. H. Blackburn, in Crosby township. He held the office 0f clerk in the township for a number of years. In politics he was a Democrat. He married Mary Ball, a native of Maryland, who died in 1843 at the age of fifty-two. He always took great interest in educational matters. Not a professed member of any church, still he always gave liberally for the support of the gospel. - He died in Crosby township in 1843 at the age of sixty-two. He was the father of four children—Robert H., who married Catharine Chrisman; Hannah, who became the wife of Oliver March, of Indiana; Mary, who married Joseph Kendall, of Indiana; and 0ne that died in infancy. Robert H., son of Patterson and Mary Blackburn, was born in the year 1813 in Hamilton county. He gained a go0d common school education, and learned the carpenter trade with his father. At the age of eighteen, giving up his trade, he turned his attention to farming, in Which business he is now engaged. Two years he has held the office of assessor of Crosby' township. He is a liberal supporter as well as member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and gave liberally toward the erection of the literary institution at College Hill. In 1838 he was married to Catharine Chrisman, who bore him six children--Sarah and Rebecca J., both residing still in Hamilton county; Mary S., who married William W. Powell, of Missouri; Hannah A. and Catharine S., both of this county at the present date; and Elizabeth, who became the wife of Charles Butts, also of this county. Daniel Wilkins was born in Pennsylvania, December 23, 1773. He left 'his home and came to Hamilton county about the year 1792, and was a resident of this county at the time of his death, which occurred October 17, 1841. He was married to the Widow Vantrees May 23, 1809. The children are Daniel, jr., John, Susannah, Michael and Sarah. Three are yet living. Daniel was born in Hamilton September 30, 1810. He was married to Miss Eliza Shields, daughter of James Shields, of Butler county, March 6, 1834. Nine children have been born—James S., Clarinda, Sarah, Elizabeth, Maria, Ann, Parthena; John, and George—all living but Maria, who died in 1864. James married Miss Emma Miller, and now resides in Iowa-; Elizabeth married James M. Tweedy, and is now living in Georgia; Clarinda married John Langridge, and they are in Alabama. The others are at their father's home. Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins are members of the Congregational church in their vicinity. Emanuel Butterfield was born in Hamilton county in 1795, where he lived during his entire life. He was married to Miss Hannah Mow, and to them were born eight children—Charlotte, Amelia, Permelia, Hannah, Isaac, Daniel, Emanuel, and Hartman. Hannah -and Permelia only are living. The former married Nathaniel Butterfield, but lost her husband October 11, 1857. Permelia lives with her sister Hannah. Mr. and Mrs. Nathaniel Butterfield have had seven children—Cummins, Jonathan, Quincy, Marshal, Celeste, Florence, Sebastian. The last named alone has died. Two are married. Cummins married Phoebe Demming, and is now living in Butler county. Jonathan married Miss Sarah Brown, and is also living in Butler. Marshal is a practicing physician in Venice, Butler county. The remaining three children are at home. Mrs. Butterfield still lives on the old farm, and manages the' business with the assistance of her son. She and her daughter Celeste are members of the Presbyterian church. David Smith was born in Northampton county, Pennsylvania, September 23, 1808. He was of German extraction, and belonged to a family of nine children. He came to this State with his father in 1822, crossing the mountains in wagons. They settled on a farm in Butler county, near Mill creek. In 1832 the family m0ved to Crosby township, where Mr. Smith lived to the time of his 'death, which occurred September 11, 1879. His wife was Miss Susanna Wilkins, and they had born to them eight children, who were all present at the time of the death of their father. He was a man well and favorably known throughout the county—honest, generous and kind. S. Newton, the youngest child, was born in this county January 9, 1853; and was married to Miss Frances Bevis, daughter of Jesse Bevis, October 9, 1873. Three children have been given them—Olive, Leonard W., and one infant child. John J. Sater, sr., was born in Crosby township, June 13, 1812, and has been a resident of the county-all his life, excepting about four years, when he lived in Butler county. In January, 1832, he was married to Miss Nancy Larison, daughter of J. Larison, of Colerain township. They had thirteen children, Amos, William V., Mary, Jonathan J. L., Martin V. B., Jared, Hannah E., Milton, Jasper N., John E., Ira, Anson, and one not named. Eight of the thirteen are yet living. Mr. Sater died on the fourth of April, 1864. His wife had died the year previous. They were both members of the Baptist church. Martin, the fifth child, was born in Crosby township, November 16, 1843. He was married to Mary E. McHenry, daughter of Joseph H. McHenry, on November 1, 1865. Their children are Mattie, Lower , Yearley M., Nellie, Daisy D., Milton, Clinton, and one that died unnamed. Four are living. Mrs. Sater belongs to the United Brethren church. Mr. Sater has HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 289 served as justice of the peace for six years. He has also been a trustee for the township for the past five years, and is a member of the executive board of the Agricultural Society of Hamilton county. In the late war he was a member of company C, Sixtyeninth Ohio infantry, and was honorably discharged. CROSBY VILLAGE. Next below Butterfield & Company's tract, on the west side of the river, a large piece was bought by Joab Comstock the same year. In 1803 he laid out a town site in what appeared to be an eligible place near the Great Miami, below the famous bend, about two miles south of the county line, and gave the new town the name of Crosby, for the reason before given. For a time settlement was attracted thither, and its fortune was decidedly hopeful. A number of cabins and other houses were built ; a blacksmith shop and store began operations; other shops were opened; and many lots were sold. The ground selected pr0ved too low, howeever, for permanent 0ccupation; and the great freshet of 1805 thor0ughly inundated the town site and invaded the buildings up0n it. After this untoward event the place ran down, and was ultimately vacated altogether, not a single house remaining to mark the spot. In later times the property has been owned by the heirs of Judah Willey, son of Noah Willey, of the Butterfield Land company. Joab Comstock became the chief founder of villages in Crosby township. He was one of the original proprietors of NEW HAVEN.* This village dates from 1815. It was laid off upon twenty acres of a hundred acre tract in the southwest corner of section eleven, bought from Robert Benefield by the proprietors of the new town—0ur old friend Joab Comstock, sr., and Major Charles Cone, another old settler in the township. Joseph Sater, another pioneer and father of some of the most prominent citizens of the township and county, served as surveyor, Major Cone carrying the flag-pole and Mr. Comstock himself notching the trees for landmarks. The site was probably determined, in large part, by its natural advantages, it being at the junction of Howard's creek and the Dry Fork of Whitewater, with a picturesque distribution of high lands in every direction in the near view. It took its name from the birthplace of Comstock in the "land of steady habits." When, however, it became desirable to establish a post office at this point, it was found that there was another New Haven in the State, and acecordingly it became 'necessary to designate this office by another name—that of Preston being selected. Main street intersected the town site from east to west. Parallel with it was a street on the south, through which ran the road from New Baltimore to Harrison; and another on the north, which was not opened for a long time. There was also a West street, on which ran the road to the Shakers' town. A small piece of ground to * This account has been mainly abridged from the entertaining papers contributed to the Harrison News in the fall of 1879, by Mr. M. L. Bevis, of New Haven. the north of the plat, and outside of it, was reserved for a buryingeground; but there were no other reservations. The progress of the place was slow. Mr. Bevis says: During the ten years following 1815, the proposed village was only made larger about once every six months or one year by the addition of a cabin, ox-shed, or log barn. The first frame building was erected in 1826, eleven years after the town was founded. It is still standing on Main street, second dwelling west of A. T. Hawk's shop, and was recently 0ccupied by the Rev. Mr. Rodeebaugh. The first log cabin was put up long before, on the north side of Main street, near the centre of the village plat. Mr. Bevis humorously remarks: It would defy the skilled Samuel L. Clemens [Mark Twain] to tell what New Haven resembled at that early day. .Seven or eight log cabins were strewn up and down Main street, without sidewalks and numbers. The fragrant dog-fennel and jimson-weed grew luxuriantly beside the cabin doorstep; Main street and Shaker avenue were soon lost among the paw-paw bushes and Spanish needles a few rods from Dr. George Little's tavern. The first tavern in New Haven was opened by Dr. Little. The first storekeeper had his place alongside of this—Mr. William Wakefield, whose grandson, Amos Wakefield, occupies a store upon nearly the same site. David Goshom and Wesley Thompson were the first blacksmiths. William McGuire, of whom Thompson was a son-in-law, was one of the first school-teachers in the place. Mr. William Ellsworth, a widower with two daughters, was another professional school-teacher residing in town. Thomas Makin, a bachelor, and his two maiden sisters, early opened a dry goods store. Dr. George Little was the first physician. Others among the earliest were Dr. James Comstock, who lived just south of the village; Noah Comstock, his brother; Edmund C. Archibald, wagon-maker; John Shrozer, cabinet-maker and undertaker; Leonard Hathaway, and Lathan S. Bartlett, shoemakers; and Lot Day, tanner, whose factory was in the southeast corner of the place, near Howard's creek. Mr. Bartlett had also an early tannery. Among the younger men were Drs. Hiram and Thomas Ball, students of medicine with Dr. Comstock. This pretty nearly or quite exhausts the list of the earliest settlers. The date of the first brick house is fixed at 1832—the dwelling now occupied by Mr. G. W. Milholland. It was early used as a saloon and residence by Enoch Hayden. Other saloonists of that pioneer time were named Welloson, Gibson, and Hyatt. Some of the old grogegenies are now used for stables, and one is'occupied by Dr. J. H. Duncan, as an office. In 1840 a large frame building was put up for a hotel, but left uncompleted by the owner for lack of means, and in time became much dilapidated. It was repaired, however, and is now occupied in part by the post office. The first school-house was built of green, unhewed buckeye logs, on Howard's creek, south side of the street, at the southeast corner of the town. Elijah Thompson, father of Thompson the blacksmith, was first teacher in it. The second school-house which served the village, a plain frame building, was built half a mile 37 290 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. north of town, also on Howard's creek and on "Shaker avenue." The frame of this academic structure afterwards did duty as a stable upon Mr. A. T. Hawks' place in the village. The present school building was put up in 1860, on a slight eminence n0rth of town, by James Williamson, upon property leased from Phebe Wakefield and A. McCoy. Its cost, exclusive of furniture, was one thousand three hundred dollars. A north wing, for a her school-room, was added four or five years afterward. Edward Dunnick. The post office was established in 1826. The petition of citizens for an office named Alexander Preston Cavender for first postmaster, and when the necessity for a name other than that of the village became evident, his middle name was chosen. The office was opened in a house now the residence of Mr. D. Clinton Buell. The mail was received in saddle-bags by horseback post from North Bend once a fortnight. John Carter, F. Opperman, and. Francis Milholland are in the succession of local postmasters, the last named being now in charge of the office. The mail is received twice a week, besides what is obtained almost daily by visitors to Harrison, five miles distant. Of late years a literary and dramatic society in New Haven added considerably to the interest of living in the place. In the year 1874 its receipts from public entertainments amounted to eighty-five dollars, which were given to the church of the United Brethren in Christ, in that place. Dr. Jason F. Brevoort was one of the old practitioners in New Haven. He went there a boy of fourteen, with his parents, and eight years afterwards began reading medicine with Dr. Comstock. He had previously received some academic education at Oxford and at Augusta, Kentucky. Although he had no diploma of any kind, he practiced successfully here for twenty years, then for a time at Harrison, and finally removed to a farm near Columbus, Indiana. He was the second physician in New Haven. Dr. William H. Bentlett came from New York State to New Haven, via Pittsburgh and Cincinnati, in 1825. He was then in his twentieth year, and at twenty-three began practice, after a studentship under Dr. Comstock. He has been a practitioner in New Haven for more than half a century, save nine years at Miamitown, and as many at Cheviot. Two of the oldest ladies of the community—Miss Mary Cavender, of 1818, the third year of the village, and Mrs. Lavina Wright, of 1825—are still living in New Haven. Moses Carpenter was the first superintendent of a Sunday-school in New Haven, and Joab Comstock, jr., first secretary. M. Bevis gives the following picture of the first church hear the village, and perhaps the first in Crosby township: A little hickory house, about fifteen by thirty, with the bark hanging loose from the logs, a small low door that swung with a creack, seats made of blue-ash trees split once and legs put in the outer side, turning the wide, flat surface upward to sit on, a rude table or stand for a pulpit, and the first church in the community was completed. It stood on the bank, in the Baptist cemetery, one mile southwest of the village. Moses Hornaday, one of the early circuit-preachers in the Miami valley, led the services. Since the erection of that church, two others have been built—one a frame and the other a brick, standing there now. The church building now occupied by the Methodist Episcopal society was erected in 1830, although not in its present shape, it having since been greatly improved. Mr. Bevis says that "the old building, as it was forty-nine years ago, would be a queer specimen of architecture compared with its present appearance. With doors on both the east and west side, portable seats of the old district school-house kind, stoves aof mammoth proportions, minus shutters and curtains, without bell or belfry, it was certainly a unique structure." The building was dedicated in January, 1831, and a Sunday-school organized therein immediately after. Another, a union school, had been kept in Mr. Comstock's barn, but was now transferred to Sater's school-house. Both schools were afterwards united on the union foundation, Mr. Robert H. Blackburn being the first superintendent of the united schools. He was born March 12, 1813, in an old frame house still standing on Mr. John Hyatt's farm. The United Brethren church in New Haven originated with Rev. William Sturr, a young minister of that denomination, one of the oldest settlers in that township, and John Myers. A subscription was made for a house of worship, in April and May, 1850, signed liberally by Mr. Myers, Amos Atherton (who gave one hundred dollars), and others, and the house was put up in due time by Mr. John Shroyer. "At first," says Mr. Bevis, "the United Brethern church resembled our common country barns, square and upright, without the ornaments which add so much toward it beauty to-day." In 1866 a belfry and bell were added; and in 1874 the whole building was remodeled, new carpet put down, and an organ purchased. In the spring of 1877 the Union Sunday-school was divided, the Methodist people taking their own from it. Since 1873 the Sunday-school concert has been an interesting feature of the summer Sabbath afternoons. New Haven had a population of one hundred and twenty-eight in 1830, which had grown to one hundred and forty-one in 1850, and one hundred and sixty-one in 1870, each time leading any other village in the township in proportion. Some interesting mounds, quite certainly ancient works, are found on the hills south of New Haven. WHITEWATER. This village, more commonly known as the Shakers' town, or Shakers' Society, is situated on the Dry. fork of the Whitewater, on the dividing line between sections two and three, about half a mile south of the county line, something more than a mile from the west township line, and a mile and a half north of New Haven. It had its origin about the year 182-, with the United Society of Believers, commonly called Shakers. Mr. Ezra Sherman, a trustee of the society then and now, obliges us and the readers of this work with the following particulars: "In 1823 there was a Methodist revival in the neigheborhood, after which the society was visited by a delega- HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 291 tion of Shakers from Union village, near Leban0n, Ohio, who opened their testimony of Christ's second coming without sin unto salvation. It was joyfully received, and many of the people united with the same. In 1824 they purchased forty acres of land, for which they paid two hundred dollars, and commenced to live in joint interest, having all things in common, as was the case of the Pentecostal church of Christ's first coming. "The society is situated on the Dry fork of the White-water, 0ne 'le from the village of New Haven, and six miles northeast of Harrison. It c0mmenced its history by purchasing f0rty acres of land and building at first some log cabins. About eighteen in number were the brethren and sisters at that time. In 1825 they were replenished to about forty men, women and children, by a company of New Lights, as they were called—a religious body of people who received the same testimony and had removed from the Derby plains in northern Ohio—forming one body. So from time to time, as they had money saved by their joint labor, and as opportunity offered, they bought lands, built brick and good frame houses, and increased in numbers to the present time, now owning about twelve hundred acres, assessed at about sixty dollars per acre. "The testimony of the society has always been against wars and fighting; against learning the art of war. There were some trials in the matter of militia musters, which members not attending, they were fined and their property sold to pay for the same. "In 1846 there came from Cincinnati and other places, about seventy men, women and children, commonly known as Millerites or Second Adventists. Hearing and believing, they became members. Many having deceased, some remain to the present time. The present leading members of the society are, as elders, Stephen W. Ball, Henry B. Bear, Charles Feaday; as elderesses, Amanda Reubust, Nancy McKee, E. Gass, Julia Ann Bear, Edith Dennis. Our numbers at the present time are about fifty members." The first trustees of the society were Ezra Sherman and Ebenezer Rice,; the present trustees are Mr. Sherman and Henry B. Bear. The first elders were Calvin Morrell and Jacob Holloway. The elderesses were Mary Beadle and Phebe Seeley. The original deaconesses were Sarepta Hinman and Ann Hall; the present deaconess is Eliza McGuire. Formerly this society engaged somewhat in manufacturing and in the raising of garden seeds, but of late years they have devoted their attention and labors exclusively to farming. In September, 1857, the colony was visited by a travelling correspondent of The Cincinnatus, an agricultural magazine published at College Hill, who included the following notice of the Shaker settlement in his next contribution t0 that periodical: While in the neighborhood of Harrison, I visited the celebrated Shaker farm in Crosby township, which consists of about fourteen hundred acres. It is a fine specimen of scientific agriculture and horticulture. Peculiar religious tenets aside, the society gives ample evidence of true knowledge in farming and gardening. Their community consists of three families, in all two hundred persons, including the children placed to their care. Their chief business is the raising of fine stock, seeds, and brooms. They have about fifty acres appropriated to garden seeds, yielding a profit of three thousand dollars per year. They have also seventy-five milch cows, one imported Durham bull, and twenty calves. Of the last there were six specimens taken to our State fair. Extreme cleanliness is everywhere manifest. The barn and stables are arranged with remarkable taste and convenience. They have the Osage orange and quickset hedges grown and growing to perfection, and on either side the main road the additional ornament of fine black locust trees the entire length of their farm, the whole of which is assessed at seventy-five thousand dollars. The following story of this community is related in Judge Carter's Reminiscences of the Old Court House: It is well known that a large family of the pure and innocent Shakers have a long time existed out at the Whitewater village, in the northwest portion of Hamilton county, even for a period of over fifty years. When they first settled there, being regarded by orthodox people as children of the devil, and by others as religious lunatics, it was the endeavor of all the neighborhood in Whitewater, Crosby, and Miami townships, to get rid of them and their peaceful settlement; and all manner of stories were circulated about their devilish ways all over the country, and sometimes a mob of farmers was talked of, to drive them clear out of the county and country. At last some vindictive scoundrels in the neighborhood got two little Shaker boys, who were anxious to run away from the strict and restraining care of the Shakers, to make up a horrid and outrageous charge against the whole Shaker community of Whitewater. The men of the Shaker colony, fifteen or twenty in number, were consequently brought to Cincinnati and confined in the county jail. Intense feeling was aroused against them by their enemies and accusers, and there was imminent danger that they would be taken from the jail and lynched. By the efforts of leading citizens, however, the mob was stayed from violence. The Shakers, placing their simple trust in the Lord, offered no. defence, either in the magistrate's court at New Haven, or when 'brought before the court of common pleas; but a medical examination of the boys, made by order .of the judges, demonstrated that no such outrage as had been alleged could have been committed upon them, and the patient non-resistants were accordingly and promptly freed. Judge Carter adds: And so it was, the innocent Shakers were honorably discharged, and amidst applause and huzzas, went from the court house to their peaceful homes; and the city, and the county and the country, were relieved from the foul consequences of one of the most wicked conspiracies against innocent and harmless men, because of their religion, that ever was known. But the matter, wicked as it was, redounded to the great credit of the Shakers of Whitewater village. Pronounced, by the court in full bench, entirely innocent, and honorably discharged on the testimony of the expert surgeons, they were ever after, from sympathy and fellow-feeling, taken into the good graces and warm friendship of the neighborhood, and have lived in peace with all mankind and hope of bliss beyond the grave, ever since their fortunate and deserved esecape from conspiracy. They have never since been molested by anybody, from anywhere. In 1870 the village or settlement contained one hundred and twenty-three inhabitants. It has no post office,' the inhabitants generally relying upon New Haven (or Preston) for their postal facilities. NEW BALTIMORE. This place is situated on the Great Miami, in the southeastern part of the township, two and a half miles south of the county line, and about five miles south of east from New Haven. Its town-plat was recorded in the Hamilion county land records March 8, 1819, by Samuel Pottinger. It is celebrated in local history as one of the places where John Morgan's forces crossed the 292 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. river, in the rebel raid of July, 1863, across Hamilton county and southern Ohio. In 1830 it had eighty-nine inhabitants, in 1850 one hundred and four, in 1870 nine-six. POPULATION OF THE TOWNSHIP. the census of 1880 Crosby township had one thousand \hundred and fourteen inhabitants—an increase of one hundred and seventeen since the last census was taken. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. THE SATER FAMILY is of an old Maryland descent. Henry Sater came from England in 1709 and settled for a time at Jamestown, Virginia, and finally at Chestnut Ridge, near Baltimore, Maryland. His wife's maiden name was Dorcas Gossage. They were parents of Joseph Sater, who was born December 25, 1753, the youngest child of the family, so0n after which his father died. He emigrated from Baltimore county, near the city of that name, in 1811, t0 the Miami country. His wife's maiden name was Hannah Levering, born January 16, 1764, and died April 9, 1854, aged ninety years, two months and twenty-four days. She was of French and German descent, daughter of Colonel Levering, one of the prominent heroes of the Revolution. They brought the surviving members of their family with them—three sons and three daughters. They landed at Cincinnati, and pushed their way across the country to the fertile Congress lands beyond the Great Miami, where he first settled among friends near Harrison, and then, in 1812, he farmed a place at Round Bott0m, in the Little Miami valley. In 1813 he bought a tract of about three hundred acres from Captain Jacob White, occupied by his son, Pr0vidence White, at ten dollars per acre, having declined to purchase in the Mill Creek valley, where Cumminsville n0w stands, on the ground that it was to0 high. The original Sater tract is now in part the property of John and Jacob Schwmg, adj0ining the farm of Thomas E. Sater, and in part is owned by the Shaker society. Here Joseph Sater made his pioneer improvements, and remained until his death, which occurred October 27, 1833, at the age of seventy-nine years, two months and two days. Among his children was Thomas Sater, fifth son, who is the only survivor of the family in his generation. He resides near Mount Pleasant, Iowa, in his eighty-first year. The second son was William Sater, who was born September 17, 1793, in Maryland, occupied a portion of the home place in Crosby township, after his father's death, built the brick mansion in which his son Thomas now lives, in 1831 and died there January 30, 1849. His wife was Miss Nancy Jones, of Welsh and Scotch stock, daughter of a pioneer from Maryland, John Jones, who was born March 4, 1754, and immigrated to the valley of the Whitewater in 1809, died in July, 1820. Her natal day was August 3, 1790. She was married to Mr. Sater in September, 1813, and died September 3, 1871. Their children were: John Jones, born June 10, 1814; married Nancy Larrison February 19, 1834; died April 3, 1864. Had thirteen children—eleven sons and two daughters. Hannah, born July 16, 1816, died in infancy. Eliza Ann, born January 8, 1818; married to William B. Hill in June, 1843; resides in Springfield township, two and one half miles north of Mount Pleasant. They have two sons and three daughters. Sarah, born December 19, 1819; married James Gwalteney, February 7, 1843; resides in Butler county, Morgan township; has nine children—three sons and six daughters. William, born September 2, 1822; married in the spring of 1844, Sarah Jane Skillman; had two s0ns and two daughters; resided in Butler county, near his sister, and died April 4, 1852. Joseph, who is noticed at length below. Oliver, born June 20, 1829; married Maria Foster, March 30, 1852; had five children—all sons—two living; occupied the cabin built by his grandfather at the old h0me until about 1858, when he built a larger house on the same premises, and died there November 7, 1860. Thomas E., who is noticed in a biography elsewhere. JOSEPH SATER. Joseph Sater was born at the old home in Crosby township, November 20, 1824; spent his earlier years in the pursuits 0f the farm, and attending the district schools until the winter of 1844-5, when he was a student at Cary's academy, at College hill. Returning to the farm, he was married, as noted below, in 1849, to Miss Eliza A. Hedges, of Colerain township, and occupied his present place, adjoining his brother Th0mas' farm; about one and one-half miles northeast of New Haven, where he has since resided, engaged in the peaceful pursuits of the successful farmer. In 1857 he was elected township trusetee, and served three terms, and is now serving his twenty-fifth year as a member of the school board. In 1859, and in 1870, he was chosen real estate assessor for the t0wnship; in 1860 he was elected township treasurer, and served about eleven years, when he was elected county commissioner and declined to serve longer. In 1863 and 1867 he was nominated for the legistature on the Democratic ticket, the first nomination being unanimous, and the second practically so, and was defeated with his ticket—his party being then greatly in the minority. He was chosen twice to the commissionership, in 1871 and again in 1874, both times on minority tickets, being nominated by the Democrats the first time, and running independently the second time, but taken up by the Republicans. He was first elected when the majority of the Republican ticket was more than seventeen hundred, and Mr. Sater's majority was two thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, a vote ahead of his ticket of more than four thouesand five hundred. At the second election he ran as an HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 293 independent candidate, when he defeated the regular Democratic nominee by about six hundred, the Republican ticket being also defeated by four thousand seven hundred votes—a gain for him of about five thousand three hundred. He was a very active, energetic, and fearless member of the board. As a result of some of the inquiries and agitations started by him while in this office the law for the board of control was procured from the State Legislature. He would recognize no legislation by the board which was transacted in beer saloons or anywhere else than in the rightful place of meeting, and at last succeeded in breaking up the practice of signing bills or records that were not regularly before the board in its own room in the court house. Repeatedly he filed his protest against the payment of illegal claims, and generally succeeded in checking or preventing payments. Several resolutions were introduced by him, and carried, to lop off superfluous officials, and otherwise economize the expenditure of the public funds. The signal impression produced by his service during the first term, upon the tax-payers and voters of the county, is shown by the triumphant success of his second canvass for the same office, made in opposition to a regular nominee. At the close of his second term, November 30, 1877, after serving six years and one month, a complimentary dinner was tendered at the St. Nicholas in Cincinnati, to "Honest Joe Sater," as his friends were wont to call him. It was attended by many county officers and other prominent personages, and presided over by Governor-elect R. M. Bishop, who said, in his introductory remarks: I feel highly complimented in being called on to preside on the present occasion, which is intended by the friends of Mr. Sater as a compliment to a man who has filled a position for the past six years, not only with credit to himself, but with credit to the county which he has had the honor to represent. Upon the same occasion, Thomas B. Paxton, county solicitor, expressed the opinion "that Mr. Sater had saved this county one hundred thousand dollars per year, to the great disgust of certain small contractors." Many complimentary remarks were also made by Governor Thomas L. Young, and others, in letters conveying regrets. B. F. Brannan, for example, in a letter, said he had "for the period of three years occasion to closely watch the manner in which Mr. Sater performed the duties of his office. In all that time there could not be discovered the slightest divergence from the strict and just path of duty. His course was invariably marked by an austere devotion to the economic interests of Hameilton county, and his record was found true and clean—a record that will stand on the pages of the history of Hamilton county bright and shining as 'the old silver dollar of the fathers' fresh from the mint, stamped with the figure of that noble bird which is the emblem of the Republic, symbolizing a character that at life's end will soar to the skies and beyond to receive the just reward due to the faithful public servant." Murat Halstead, esq. editor of the Commensal, said in excusing his absence, "I would with sincerity join in the recognition proposed of the faithful and valuable public service of Mr. Joseph Sater, whose name is identified in this community with vigilance and integrity in the discharge of the duties of a position of responsibility." Judge M. F. Force (letter) said, "Mr. Sater has well earned the compliment by his valuable public service." Richard Smith said, "I have no doubt that Mr. Sater feels much bette1 to-night to go out of that very responsible office which he has very faithfully filled, with the reputation which he has, than with a half-million of dollars stolen. Money will perish. His reputation for honesty will never perish. It will live when the grass shall grow green over his grave." I. J. Miller said, he "had not only been an honest officer, but a capable one. He had shown himself better acquainted with the laws governing his office than any member of the bar of Hamilton county." Judge Longworth said, "It was better to have written on Mr. Sater's record, as it was now written, than on the tomb, the tribute to his honesty and capability." Mr. Sater was, by the joint action of the judges of the common pleas and superior courts of Hamilton county, in April, 1881, appointed one of three jury commissioners to select a list of six thousand names from which the juries for said courts will be drawn. Mr. Sater has also settled a large number of estates with a fidelity and accuracy that have justified the confidence reposed in him by widows and orphans. He has not thought it necessary to belong to any religious or secret order, but has always liberally contributed to the support of different religious organizations. Eliza A. (Hedges) was second daughter of Anthony Ludlow and Hannah A. (Johnson) Hedges, or Colerain township. The Hedges and Johnson families of the next previous generation came together from New Jersey (Hedges in 1805, Johnson in 1809), at a very early day, and settled in Colerain, near the site of the famous ancient work at Dunlap's Station, which is now in possesesion of the Johnson descendants. Hannah A. Johnson was born January 12, 1805, and is still living on the old place, as Mrs. Marsh, she having been a second time married. Mr. Hedges died in September, 1831. Upon this farm was born Eliza Ann, January 1 1, 1826. Her formal education was received solely in the public schools, and she remained at home with her parents until her marriage to Mr. Sater, March 29, 1849. Since that time she has shared the toils and struggles, the joys and sorerows of her husband, with little personal history apart from his. They have had four children, of whom one survives. The record is as follows: Hannah Jane, born March 30, 1850; died July 28th, of the same year. William, born January 5, 1852; died April 1, 1856. George Ludlow, born August 20, 1853; died December 22, 1853. May Eliza, born December 30, 1856; married July 29, 1874, to John Lowry Wakefield, of the old pioneer family of that name in Crosby township; resides with her husband at her father's home. They have two children. Mr. Sater is not only the most prominent man of his township, but one of the leading and substantial citizens of the county. He enjoys the esteem and respect of all the better elements to be found in both political parties of the present day. His integrity, honesty, and wise 294 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO counsels have secured for him a reputation which few men are permitted to enjoy. His home is one of the finest in the township. Hospitable, generous, respected by all, he is a living exeample of what honesty and fair-dealing will earn for a man who possesses all these qualities, as does honest Jo Sater. DELHI. SOUTH BEND TOWNSHIP. The original organization, including the territory now covered by Delhi township, was the now long extinct South Bend township, planted by the court of general quarter sessions of the peace between Cincinnati and Miami townships. It was erected in 1795, among the earliest in the county, and was named from the settlement already made under the auspices of Judge Symmes, at the southernmost point on the river in the Miami Purchase, which in turn took its name from the great bend in the Ohio, within which it had been settled. The boundaries of the. new township were defined about as follows: Beginning at the second meridian west of Mill creek; thence down the Ohio six miles and over ; thence north on a meridian to the Big Miami; thence up that stream to the southwest corner of Colerain township; thence east to the meridian first named; thence south to the place of beginning. These boundaries included nearly or quite the whole of the present territory of Delhi, and so much of the tract covered by Green township as did not belong to Colerain, as defined in a previous chapter; The first township officers for South Bend were nominated by the court as follows: Clerk--William Powell. Constable—James Thatcher. Overseers of the Poor—William Powell, Robert Gowdy. Supervisor of Highways—Usual Bates. Viewers of Enclosures and Appraisers of Damages—David Edgar, James Gowdy, Edward Cowan. The letter C was assigned to the cattle brand for South Bend township. DELHI TOWNSHIP. This township, as now constituted (erected between 1810 and 1815), is the smallest in the county, except Spencer 0n the opposite side of Cincinnati. It has but eight thousand seven hundred and eighty-six acres, or less than fourteen square miles, is b0unded on the east by the city; on the south and west by the Ohio river, which divides it from Kentucky; and on the north by the entire breadth of Green township, nearly one mile of Miami, and about as much of the city on the other side. Its lines begin at the mouth of Bold Face creek, on the Ohio, almost a mile above the "second meridian line" mentioned among the boundaries of South Bend township; and run thence down the river to a point about a mile below the mouth of Muddy creek, where the old south line of Mill Creek and north line of Cincinnati townships (in part now Liberty street, Cincinnati) and present south line of Green township, extended westward, intersects the Ohio, thence eastward to the second meridian line aforesaid; thence south to the second parallel, the south line of sections five and thirty-five; and eastward again to the place of beginning. The breadth of the township on its north line is seven miles, very nearly; on its first section line next south, six miles; upon the next, which extends east of the general line of the township, four miles and two-thirds; with a very short southernmost parallel deeper in the bend. The greatest breadth of the township is a Mae more than three miles ; whence it dwindles, by the flow of the river to both sides of the township to a point at each end. The average width is only about two miles. It has eleven full sections and eight fractional sections, lying in fractional range one, township two; and the duplicate section six, at the northwest corner of the township, in fractional range one, of township one. The surface of Delhi presents as great a variety of topography as any other part of the county, of equal extent. A comparatively level strip, of uniform width for but short distances, but nowhere extending far inland, except up the valleys, borders the river, and in places, as near Sedamsville, being quite narrow, with lofty, steep hills almost abutting upon the river. West from the city the general character of the country is highland, until the river is approached some miles further to the west ; but intersected, cut down and variegated by an uncommon number 0f small streams for so small a tract. Among the valleys thus created are those of Bold Face creek, the Rapid run, Muddy creek, and at least a dozen minor brooks, all of which find their way to the Ohio, either directly or through creeks to which they are tributary. The Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis & Chicago railway follows the river through the entire south and west parts of this township; and, on lines generally parallel with it the whole way, are the tracks of the older Ohio & Mississippi railroad. Along these are scattered HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 295 numerous suburban villages, for some of which both railroads have stations, making fifteen or twenty in all. Back on the highlands is Warsaw, a village which gives the name to the Warsaw turnpike, connecting it with the city. There are also the Industry and Delhi, the Rapid run, and other turnpike roads intersecting the township. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. The following named gentlemen are among those who have served Delhi as justices of the peace: 1819, Peter Williams; Ichabod Palmerton; 1829, George D. Cullum; 1865, H. E. H0pkins, William L. Williams; 1866, William L. Williams, Cornelius Myers; 1867-74, Cornelius Myers, Richard Paul; 1875-80, Richard Paul, Henry Rauck, jr. THE FIRST SETTLEMENT within the limits of what is now Delhi township, was made in 1789, very soon after Columbia, Losantiville, and North Bend were colonized. Judge Symmes took his party to the place last named, now in Miami township, in February of that year; and early seems to have meditated the founding of another colony on the river within his Purchase, which should take the name of South Bend, as a companion to his own home place, North Bend. The new town, or city to be, was laid off some time in the spring succeeding Symmes' arrival, as appears by the following letter of his to his associate Dayton, bearing date that month, and giving a good account of the genesis of South Bend: North Bend being so well improved by the buildings already erected and making, and fresh applications every few days being made to me for house lots, I was induced to lay off another village, about seven miles up the Ohio from North Bend, being one mile in front on the river. The ground was very eligible for the purpose, and I would have continued farther up and down the river, but was confined between the' two reserved sections. This village I call South Bend, from its being contiguous to the most southerly point of land in the Purchase. The place had already, when Symmes wrote, several cabins almost finished, and others begun; "and I make no doubt," adds the judge, "that the whole of the donation lots will soon be occupied, if we remain in safety." The pioneer settler at the site of South Bend was Timothy Symmes, the only full brother of Judge Symmes. He was also a prominent citizen in New Jersey, a judge in one of the courts of Sussex county, and followed his brother to the western country soon after the Purchase was settled. He did not live, however, to see more than the beginnings of the mighty development of the Miami tract, but died February 0, 1797, aged fifty-three. He was the father of Captain John Cleves Symmes, the famous author of the theory of a hollow and inhabitable earth, open for several degrees about the poles, who was residing at South Bend when his uncle, the judge, obtained his first appointment in the army; also of Daniel Symmes, who became a distinguished citzen of Cincinnati, serving in many public capacities, as is elsewhere detailed in this work; of Celadon Symmes, who spent nearly all his adult life on a farm three miles s0uth of Hamilton, where he gave the name to Symmes' Corners, a hamlet and post office on the Cincinnati turnpike; and of Peyton Short Symmes, the youngest of his sons, save one, and in some respects the most distin guished of all. He is noticed at some length in our chapter on the Bar of Cincinnati. Mary, the eldest daughter of Mr. Symmes, became wife of Hugh Mo0re, a prominent Cincinnatian, and died in 1834, the same year her only sister, Julianna, wife of Jeremiah Reeder, departed this life. It was an extensive town which Judge Symmes had laid out, f0r a beginning; and the judge appears to have entertained extensive expectations for it. He thought it might become the metropolis of the Miami Purchase, or at least the seat of justice for the county about to be organized. In another letter to Dayton, written June 14, 1789, he says: It is expected that on the arrival of Governor St. Clair, this purchase will be organized into a county ; it is therefore of some moment which town shall be made the county town. Losantiville, at present, bids the fairest ; it is a most excellent site for a large town, and is at present the most central of any of the inhabited towns ; but if South Bend might be finished and occupied, that would be exactly in the centre, and probably would take the lead of the present villages until the city can be made somewhat considerable. This is really a matter of importance to the proprietors, but can only be achieved by their exertions and encouragement. The lands back of South Bend are not very much broken after you ascend the first hill, and will afford rich supplies for a county town. A few troops stationed at South Bend will effect the settlement of the new village in a very short time. According to a paragraph in a letter of Judge William Goforth, of Columbia, this place had eighteen or twenty families in September, 1791. A garrison of twenty soldiers was then stationed there. Among the settlers here was a brothe1 of the Miami purchaser, Judge Timothy Symmes, who spent his latter years and died here. He is best known as the father of Captain John Cleves Symmes, author of the famous theory of concentric spheres and a hollow globe opening near the poles. Young Symmes was residing here when an appointment was obtained for him in the army through the influence of "a friend at court," his distinguished uncle at North Bend. South Bend, as is well known, did not hold its own in the contest for supremacy, or even rise to the dignity of an incorporated village. Its population fell off, its cluster of dwellings was gradually abandoned, and they destroyed or floated away in times of high water; and its very site has become almost traditional. The traveller, however, going to the boats of Anderson's Ferry, which has been established at nearly the southernmost point of the bend for many years, passes directly over a part of the site of South Bend. The last stroke was given but very recently to the ancient town, for which such high hopes were cherished, in the final changing of the name of the post office kept at the adjacent railway station from South Bend to "Trautman's." But for a sign or two in the neighborhood still bearing the old designation, it would speedily pass into utter oblivion. Thus passes away the glory of human hopes, plans, and purposes. ADDITIONAL SETTLEMENTS. Richard Paul, justice of the peace of Delhi township, is of English descent; his grandfather, Henry Paul, being from London, England, an architect and an early settler in this county; he died in 1820. His father, Richard D. Paul, born in London, 1807, was married to Ann 296 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. P. Mulford, of Cincinnati. She resided at 519 East Fifth street. The couple moved to the Delhi Hills, where Richard Paul was born in 1833, and where he has lived ever since. Richard Paul was a machinist for two years-at Holbo. Cincinnati. In 1854 came to his farm; in 1858 was n. led to Sarah Timbenerman, formerly of New Jersey. built the new house in 1865, and at that time was elected justice of the peace, which office he has held ever since l Si). He was also township trustee during the war, and probably did as much as any man in his precinct to clear it from drafts. He is an active, but peaceable, citizen of society. In his official position he dockets but few cases, and generally succeeds in effecting a compromise with the parties concerned. W. L. Williams, of Delhi township, lives on section ten; owns a nice residence and a good farm; was born here June 1, 1810, his father being the old pioneer mail r0ute agent for the Governnient from 1807 until 1820, and purchasing large tracts of lands here a few years after his coming to the county. Mr. Williams carried on the dairy business for a number of years quite extensively and very successfully. He was married to Miss Applegate, of Colorado. Of his family two children are dead. He is known as a prominent citizen in his township. Sebastian Rentz, jr., of Delhi township, born in Cincinnati (1840), but from 1841 up to the present time has been a farmer. His father came from Germany in 1825; kept a bakery in Cincinnati until the family removed to the farm near Warsaw in Delhi township. He married Miss Zoller, of Cincinnati, in 1828. She was from Baden, coming here in 1817. Mr. Rentz obtained a common school education in the city of Cincinnati ; married in 1867, to Miss Louisa Barmann, of Anderson Ferry. He is nicely situated on a good farm of over one hundred acres. Mrs. L. Wittenstatter nee Kuperferle, came with her husband, now dead, from Germany about the year 1832. Her husband was for a period of thirty years a printer, being employed mostly during that time on one of the German papers of Cincinnati. He died about the year 1874. Mrs. L. Wittenstatter owns the Green House in Delhi township, near the Warsaw pike. She has eight children, five of whom are married. George McIntyre, deceased, was born in Dumbartonshire, Scotland, in 1815. When thirteen years of age his father died, and in the year 1828 he sailed for America, and after remaining five years in New York came to Cincinnati, where he travelled for the house of Robert McGregor. In 1834 he purchased one hundred and forty acres, comprising what is now the greater part of Home City. He was married twice, his first wife being Emily C. Moore, by whom he had nine children; his second wife was Miss Elizabeth McIntyre, and the fruits of this marriage were six children, all of whom are now dead. Three children by his first wife are dead, and of the six remaining four are living on the homestead place in Home City, i. e., three sons-George M., Peter E., and Edwin D. McIntyre, and one daughter, Mrs. Martha A. Cook. The maternal grandmother of these children was Adelia Moore, who had seven children: Sarah Ann Silvers, Louisie Hicks, Ophelia Shannon, John Moore, Emily C. McIntyre, Henrietta O'Neil, and Finley Moore. Of these three only are living : Sarah Ann Silvers, Louisie Hicks, and Ophelia Shannon. George T. McIntyre was married February 26, 1845, and died June 9, 1880. His wife, Emily C. Moore, died April 22, 1865. Of their children, Mrs. Martha A. Cook, the eldest child, was born April 28, 1848, and married in January, 1866, to Milton H. Cook, who was born October 14, 1845. They have two children: Jesse E. and George T. McIntyre Cook. Mr. Cook, the father, has been train despatcher on the Cincinnati & Indianapolis, and St. Louis & Chicago railroads, for seventeen years. George M. McIntyre was married April 6, 1874, and is the father of three children, all girls. He is a farmer. Mrs. Anna B. Hicks was married August 19, 1873; she has had two children-now dead. Her husband is a carpenter, living at the present time in Cincinnati, but purposes moving to Home City shortly. Jacob Story, of Riverside, was born in Germany, October 21, 1818. His father, with a family of seven children, came over, arriving in Cincinnati December, 1831, and in 1838 moved to Delhi, where he died in the seventy-seventh year of his age, tenth of August, 1869. The mother died in Fatherland. Jacob Story was married in 1841 to Miss Saloma Hatmaker, whose parents came from Baden and settled in Indiana in 1817, but removed to Cincinnati in 1826, where they followed the business of vegetable gardening (twenty-first ward.) The father died in the year 1846, and the mother in 1857. Mr. Story bought the land he now owns in Cullom Station, the bottom in 1854 and the hillside in 1859, on which he has his vegetable garden, and out of which he has made a good living. He is the father of eight children and ten grandchildren. The oldest son is dead. The family are members of the Presbyterian church. Thomas Wyatt, of Fern Bank, moved to this place in 1843, then owned by Judge Matteson, now by Mr. Short. His father, William Wyatt, came from England in 1832, but died in 1833. The family came west, settling in Indiana in 1839, where they lived until their removal to Fern Bank. In 1855, Mr. Wyatt married Miss Jane Vanblarieum, of Delhi. His mother, Hannah Drew, the year died in 1860. She was then living with her son Thomas. John Kahny, vegetable gardener of Trautman Station, came here in 1845. His father, Anthony Kahny, born in 1785, came to Cincinnati in 1817, where he lived for twenty-eight years, working for a season at Harkness' foundry, but gardening most of that time. His first garden extended from Sycamore to Broadway, and from Seventh to Ninth streets. In 1833 he moved to the corner of Wood and Fifth streets, and put up buildings on lots owned. He not only had a garden there, but also at Sixth and Seventh streets, west of Stone street. In 1844 he moved to Delhi, where he continued his former business until 1866, when he died. The mother died in 1875. John Kahny was married in one year after coming here, his wife, Anna Dahner, being a Prussian. He JAMES P. WILLIAMS. James P. Williams, of Delhi township, was born January 29, 1804, on the south branch of the Potomac, Hampshire county, Virginia. His grandfather, Richard Williams, was a resident of this place at the time of the French and Indian wars, and a few days before Braddock's defeat nineteen Indians beset the house, killed his father, his mother, and one of his brothers; his wife being in the yard milking escaped; but he and his little daughter, eighteen months old, were made prisoners. They were taken to Fort Pitt, where the child was taken from him. From Fort Pitt, on the day of Braddock's defeat, he was taken to Detroit, and after some days escaped, taking with him a Frenchman's gun and ammunition, and pushed forward, first by curve lines, then in a more straight direction. Before this he had feasted on wild berries and horse flesh; but the trying ordeal was yet to come. He was pursued by the Indians and again captured. He had waded through a deep stream, the water went over his head and wet his powder, and for three days he went on until, being pressed by hunger, he stopped to dry his powder, when he found it all dissolved. He went on, dug sarsaparilla for sustenance; at one time found a fish which a bird had dropped, and ate that; once a fawn, which he roasted, picked the bones and marrow, and carefully preserved the meat for future use. After this, for three succeeding days, he found a squirrel; he afterwards caught and ate a polecat; at another time he saw a hawk fly up and going to the spot found a wild turkey; sometimes for two and three days he would get nothing, and his flesh and strength would desert him; rivers and streams he crossed by wading, and on rafts made of logs, but fortune did not favor him long at a time. He would be captured by the Indians, taken back, hands pinioned, closely guarded, and again would escape, but apparently only to be recaptured. He was finally captured, taken to Fort Pitt, and doomed to be shot, but to this some one objected, fearing his spirit would haunt them. He feigned derangement, but understood everything they said. He was closely guarded, as before, but while the guards were asleep he shook off his shackles and made his escape. He finally arrived home safe. The last time he was captured the Indians made him a cook, and by his cleverness won their confidence. He remained with this tribe a long while, and had plenty to eat. They went to war and left him with the squaws, when he made his escape. He died September 3, 1786, in Virginia, aged sixty-five years. His wife, Susannah, died the twenty-third of February, 5785, aged fifty-five years. They were Methodists. Bishop Asbury often preached at his house. Peter Williams, father of James Peter, was born in Virginia, and married there Miss Ann Dugan, who was of Irish descent, but removed his family to the Scioto valley in 5807. At that time General Meigs was Postmaster General, with whom a Mr. Granger, a great friend of Mr. Williams, had influence, and secured for him an appointment under the Government of establishing mail routes in the west. He began operations in Cincinnati as a centre, posted pack-horses all over the country, and employed carriers for the different routes. The mail was packed down one side of the river from Cincinnati to Louisville and up the other side once every two weeks; likewise at regular intervals from Cincinnati to Chillicothe, Ohio, Maysville, Kentucky, and other points. In 1820, when John McLean was postmaster, stage routes were established, but Mr. Williams was financially succesful, and with the money made a large purchase of one thousand two hundred or one thousand four hundred acres in Delhi township, purchasing section eleven and other lands reserved, not of the Symmes tract. He was born in 1770, and died February 23, 1837. Ann Williams, his wife, died July 13, 1828. She was born October 8, 1776. They reared a large family, James Peter Williams being the third child. He was born and reared on the home farm, section eleven, Delhi township; attended to his father's business, which, owing to its magnitude, made his a responsible position. On the farm alone were about fifteen men to look after, to be paid off, and in addition the mail agents to be looked after and every three months their claims to be adjusted. The horses on these routes were posted about forty miles apart, but the work was profitable as well as onerous. On March 19, 1829, he married Harriet Mayhew, of Massachusetts, whose father was a school teacher in Martha's Vineyard, and after their marriage the Parents lived with them until their death. Mr. Williams has reared a large family, and been an active business man all his life, the business consisting in managing his estates. He never performed manual labor outside of making extensive surveys of roads, farms, filling out deeds, etc. He was an adept surveyor, and frequently employed to adjust questions of surveying. He shipped produce, hay, corn and pork to New Orleans. HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 297 has been for twenty-three years ministerial treasurer of the township. George Thompson, of West Seventh street, Cincinnati, was born in England in the year 1827, and when eleven ears of age, of his own accord, came to America, where, only half a crown, he began perambulating among the. '\es of Boston, Providence, New York, Albany, and other places, hunting work, enduring hardships, privations, ana Nall leading a life full 0f romantic incidents and adventures. When nineteen years of age he came t0 Cincinnati (1846); in 1862 went to Europe, and soon after his visit to that country went to the army, remaining until 1866, where he supplied the troops with meats. From 1846 until 1862 he was a butcher in Cincinnati. In 1866 he went into the fertilizing manufacturing business, and took the first contract let by the city for removing the animal and vegetable decays from its precincts. The office of the Cincinnati Fertilizing Manufacturing company, is now located at 847 and 849 West Sixth street. His son, E. A. Thompson, is one of this firm, and W. R., another son, is of the firm of George E. Currie & Co., Delhi. The Cincinnati company are properly scavengers of the dead refuse of the city, which is taken to the company in Delhi, who manufacture from the hog product, from bone and meat super. phosphate of lime, from the hard bone, bone meal, and from the soft bone, bone flour. The factory grounds are extensive, covering fifteen acres. The father was married in 1849 to Miss Jane Foster. William R. was born in 1850; in 1874 began business, and in 1875 was married to Miss Florence L. Mehner. E. A. Thompson was born in 1854. He was married to Miss McCrane, of Cincinnati. E. A. Thompson and his brother live in Riverside. Henry Trautman, of Trautman, Delhi township, came from Germany with his father, George Henry Trautman, when only ten years of age. His father left the Fatherland in 1845, came to Cincinnati in 1846, and died the fourteenth of July, 1878. The mother died in 1874. They lived near Trautman station and were vegetable gardeners. Henry Trautman was married May 7, 1861. His parents lived with him during their latter days, leaving the garden and vineyard in his charge. He now owns a valuable piece of ground, twenty-two acres in all, which is under a high state of cultivation and yields an abundance of produce, which he markets off in Cincinnati. Claus Drucker, of Home City, deceased, came from Hanover, Germany, in The year 1842; married Elizabeth Laudenbach, of Oldenberg, in 1845; came to Cincinnati in 1846; was a sugar refiner, at first having his office where the Miami depot is now, but afterwards kept a shoe store on Fult0n street and employed a number of young men to work for him. In 1851 he purchased from the Cincinnati Building association some lots in Delhi, and came here in 1852, where he carried on a store until he died, May 13, 1878. The mother died in 1873. Mr. Drucker was a prominent man of his township, took an active part in all public improvements, and during the war contributed much in many ways towards furthering the Union cause. The store is now owned by his son, John Drucker, and his son-in-law, Mr. Barmann. Of the children, Kate Drucker was born October 13, 1837 She is the eldest of those living, and was married to Joseph Barmann, son of Lawrence Barmann, an old settler of Anderson Ferry, in 1879. Anna Drucker married Herman' Hegebusch, fresco painter of Home City, July 29, 1876; she died January 29, 1877. Frederick Drucker was born December, 1852; was married October 30, 1877, to Miss Sophia Maurer, of North Bend. Her parents were old settlers of Miami township. John Drucker was married May 18, 1880, to Miss Clara Barmann, 0f Anderson Ferry. Messrs Drucker and Barmann are doing a lively business in Home City. James Mackinzie, M. D., of Delhi, was born March 14, 1816, in Columbiana county, Ohio. His father, James Mackinzie, a draughtsman was born September 21, 1771, in Edinburgh, Scotland; came to America in 1810; served in the War of 1812; came to Ohio in 1813, where he died at the advanced age of one hundred years, February 21, 1871. He was a temperance advocate, being the first farmer in the country to establish evening meals and harvest a crop without whiskey. His wife, Ellen Burrows, was from the county Down, and of Scotch parentage; she died September 18, 1868, at her son's residence in Delhi. When James Mackinzie was sixteen years of age he learned a trade, at nineteen years of age he became a partner in a dry goods store, and obtained his education by attending night-school, spending one year at Du Qusne college, Pittsburgh, also read medicine while in business, and afterwards completed his course in the Cincinnati Medical college, and practiced Isis profession before the war in Columbiana county. In 1849 went to California and built the fourth house that was erected in San Francisco. After Fort Sumter was fired on, he reported to President Lincoln and General Scott, entering the service as a private soldier, was afterwards in the commissary department, was promoted to the rank of major and served in the medical department before the war closed, since which time he has lived and practiced his profession in Delhi. In 1854, the eleventh of May, the doctor married Marion W. Washington, whose father was Samuel W., great nephew of General Washington's brother, Lawrence Washingt0n. Her father was legatee of General Washington's estate. Mrs. Mackinzie has in her possession a buckle of General Washington that has been handed down from one family to another till the present time. The family history of the Washingtons need not here be sketched; as it is familiar to our readers. Daniel Washington, her father, was born February -14, 1787, near Charlestown, Virginia. He married Catharine Washington, a relative, and died March, 1867. His wife died at the age of seventy-four years. Peter Cross, of Delhi, is a native of Prussia. His father,' John Cross, was a wagonmaker. Peter Cross was born in 1827, left Prussia in 1851, landing in New Orleans, at which place he remained one year, but in 1852 removed to Delhi. In 1853 he was married; is a bricklayer and lives in easy circumstances. 38 298 - HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO. Valentine Gind, of Delhi, came from Germany when ten years of age-January, 1854. His father landed in New Orleans, coming from there to Delhi, where he has lived since, being a stonemason by trade. His father, Sebastian Gind, was a wagonmaker. His mother, Theresa Younker, was from Baden; she died before the father and children sailed for the New World. Valentine Gind owns is a small farm adjoining Delhi. Peter Shiffel, basket-maker, came to Delhi town in 1862; formerly lived in Cincinnati, where he was married in 1857. His father, Phillip Shiffel, was a basket-maker and carpet-weaver on Long Island he died in 1849. In 1855 Peter Shiffel came to Cincinnati. He does not own any property. Charles Gerth, proprietor of the Eleven Mile house (saloon), is of Teutonic origin; came to the United States, and settled in Delhi in 1863, where he has been ever since. He was formerly a shoemaker, but left this trade and was section foreman on the Ohio & Mississippi road for ten years previous to his present proprietorship. Mr. Gerth has been married twice, and has two children dead. Shipley W. Davis, son of Zadock and Elizabeth Davis, nee Bassett of Massachusetts, was born at Edgartown, Martha's Vineyard, in the year 1816. His parents had thirteen children, of which he was the seventh. His mother, at the age of ninety-three, June 13, 1873, departed this life; his father died in June, 1819. In 1841 he married Harriet Cullour, of North Bend. One son, W. L. Davis, M. D., was hospital stewart in Sherman's raid to the sea, and is now a practicing physician.(Old School). Henry W. Davis, another son, has been teaching in Myers' school district fourteen years. Edward Davis, a third son, is a physician at Dent, Ohio. Mr. Davis' farm is in Delhi township, and over a mile from the city limits. Peter MacFarlan, of Delhi, came from Dumbarkenshire, Scotland, to America, in 1840. After coming to this country he purchased a farm in Green township which he sold in 1872, and removed to Home City where he still lives. In 1850 he married Miss Jean Brode, daughter of Peter Brode and Katharine McKinlay Spouses of Kirkhouse Row. She was born January 2, 1805, and baptized the same month, fifth day. Feter McFarlan, son of Peter McFarlan and Katharine Bain Spouses of Estertown-name of farm-was born December 29, 1800, and baptized January 1, 1801. The aged couple have had but one daughter, who is now the wife of Adam Tullock. The parents were married in Scotland in May, 1830. Adam Tullock, of Home City, was born in Scotland in the year 1815, in Dumferline, where Robert Bruce was hurried._ His parents, John Tullock and Mary Robertson, came to America in 1840, and both died soon after. They were married in 1799, had seven children, of which Adam Tullock was the youngest. He was married to Hellen Miller, of Scotland, in 1837. She died in 1847. One son by this marriage lives in Home City. .He has one daughter living in Colorado and one in Louisville, Kentucky. In 1851 he was married to his second wife. Catharine MacFarlan, and came to Home City in 1872, where he still lives. William J. Applegate, grocer and postmaster of Delhi, came here in 1872 from Green township, where he was born and reared. His father, Israel Applegate, came to this township when quite young from Pennsylvania; lived fifty-five years on the farm he bought, and died in 1870 in the eighty-first year of his age. His mother, Mary Jane Colsher, also of Pennsylvania, died October, 1880, in the eighty-third year of her age. William J. Applegate, born August 17, 1839, was reared a farmer, but began business on a small scale in a grocery in 1872, and at the same time kept the post office of the village which helped to increase his patronage. In the year 1878 he built a large three-story brick house, the first results of his successful business. He was married October 15, 1864, to Miss Katie Myers, of Delhi, daugheter of an old settler of the county. Mr. Applegate is one of the trustees of the township at this time. Annie B. Calloway, of Delhi, is of English parentage, and is the wife of Thomas B. Calloway, of that place. Her great-grandfather, Thomas Bowles, of Cranbrook, Kent, England, married Sarah Boorman. Their daughter, Sarah, married the well known R0bert Colgate, father of the noted soap manufacturers of New York. They came to that city in 1800. Thomas Bowles, her grandfather, married Anna Shirley. They had eight children, and he died June 3, 1800. His youngest son, Robert Bowles, father of Annie B. Calloway, was born at Eldoerado, Kent, England, June 1, 1792; married Mercy Boots, of the same place, November 30, 1816; came t0 America in 1822, and l0cated on a farm near Harrison, Hamilton county, Ohio, and was the first English settler in Crosby township. January 24, 1837, his wife died, and he married Mrs. Anna Clough, of London, England, daughter of Samuel Pegg. By the first wife he had 0ne son, Robert, now living in Indiana; and by the second wife two sons, Samuel and John, and one daughter, Annie. Thomas B. Calloway married Annie A. Bowles, January 31, 1866. His grandfather, Jesse Calloway, and wife came from Delaware in 1818, and located in Dearborn county, Indiana. They had four sons and one daughter. William, the father, was born January 26, 1812; married his second wife, Mary Charlotte Bonham, October 18, 1841. He is still living. The Bond family are traceable to the emigration of William Penn. One Samuel Bond was born November 19, 1722; his son, Joseph, born April 11, 1750, married Eleanor Williams; and their son, Samuel, born November 19, 1777, in Chester county, Pennsylvania, moved west May s0, 1810, landed at the mouth of Farmers' creek, near Lawrenceburgh, Indiana. In 1812 he moved to Whitewater, near Elizabethtown; died June 12, 1837. They had seven children, all dead except Eleanor, who was born in Virginia in 1808. The third child, Jane, was the only one of the family who married. She was born April 8, 1818; married William Calloway September 7, 1837; died Februeary 12, 1844, leaving one child, Thomas B. Calloway. R. B. Price, of Home City, son of Rees Price (see biographical sketch), is the well kn0wn bee-keeper of HISTORY OF HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO - 299 that place. Mr. Price was reared in the city of Cincinnati, but soon after his marriage (January 15, 1857) to Louise Seiter, of that place, he moved on his farm where he has since resided. In 1877 he built his new house, which he now occupies. Mr. Price has devoted much time and attention to the culture of bees. He has now over one hundred colonies under his care. Mrs. Price was born in Cincinnati, corner of Elm and Eighth streets, where her mother, Mrs. Seiter, still resides. Her brothers, William, George, Joseph, and Lewis Seiter, are prominent and well known business men in the city. W. H. Smith, of Delhi township, was born in Petersburgh, New York, March 22, 1814. When fifteen years of age he left hone, and for ten years following drove a stage coach over the mountains, afterwards coming west, where he continued the business up to 1863. He was agent for some time for the Western Stage company, that had lines running from Cincinnati to various points. The line running from Cincinnati to Hamilton and Dayton, and afterwards t0 Indianapolis, was owned by Smith, out of which he was successful in making money. In 1863 he removed to his farm, where he has since lived. He was elected president of the Delhi and Industry Turnpike company in 1868, and has held the office ever since. In 1854 he was married to Harriet Alter. She died March 25, 1881. Her parents came to Cincinnati in 1812. Her father was one of the wealthy men of the city in his day. James H. Silvers, of Delhi, wholesale leaf t0bacco dealer, 49 and 51 Front street, Cincinnati, was born at North Bend, 1833. His paternal grandfather, Judge James Silvers, of Pennsylvania, was an early settler of the county, having come here with Judge Symms, and was an associate judge of the court three consecutive terms of seven years each. He died near the expiration of the third term. Thomas J. Silvers, his son, and father of James H., in 1831, married Miss Sarah A. Moore, the daughter of Samuel and Adelia Moore, nee West, of Pennsylvania, and old pioneers of Anderson Ferry. The grandfather of the subject of this sketch on his mother's side was in the War of 1812. He lived to be sixty-six years of age. The mother of James H. Silvers still lives. She was born in 1814. Her mother was born in Paris, Kentucky, and lived to be sixty years of age. Mr. James H. Silvers came to Delhi in 1873; February 13, 1878 was married in Nashville, Tennessee, to Miss Jennie Hillis, formerly of Indianapolis, Indiana. He is the well known tobacco dealer on Front street, Cincinnati. His residence is in a beautiful situation, near Delhi, commanding a most delightful view of the Ohio river and the surrounding scenery. The family of Thomas J. and Sarah A. Silvers consisted of James H. Silvers, Mrs. Anna A. Dodd, and Mrs. Ophelia Massy. RIVERSIDE AND OTHER VILLAGES. Riverside is the first suburb encountered upon entereing the township from the direction of the city, and immediately adjoins Sedamsvile, the outermost district of Cincinnati on the southwest. Five hundred and nine of its acres lie in Delhi township, and one hundred and twenty-four were taken from the old township of Storrs—eight hundred and thirty-three acres in all. For the following account of it, with interesting historical notes, the readers of this work are indebted to Mr. A. L Reeder, postmaster at the Riverside office, who has kindly made a contribution of it to this chapter: The village of Riverside, made up of parts of Delhi and Storrs townships, lies immediately adjoining the western limit of the city of Cincinnati, and extends westwardly along the bank of the Ohio river to Anderson's Ferry, a distance of about three miles, and had a population of twelve hundred and sixty-eight by the last census, with two hundred and forty-seven voters at the November election of 1880. The pioneers of early times were Colonel Cornelius R. Sedam, on the east, then Jeremiah Reeder, William S. Hatch, Enoch Anderson, Squire Cullom, and Mr. Sands, on the ministerial section at Anderson's Ferry. All these old settlers passed away years ago. Their lands and homesteads have gone into other hands, and but few of their descendants are left in the village to note the wonderful changes that have been wrought by modern civilization and scientific research. Not one of those old settlers could have had the remotest conception of the thundering noise and lightning speed of the passing locomotive and attendant train of cars, or of the multiplied lines of telegraph wires now in front of their doors, silently conveying with the speed of thought, to and fro, from the uttermost parts of the earth, knowledge and intelligence of all current events, or of the brilliant electric light, illuminating, with a dazzling intensity, only excelled by the midday beams of the summer sun, the .mysterious telephone, by which we talk with friends miles away, or say to our grocer in the city "Hello! Send me down a box of matches, and be quick about it." The writer of this, one of those descendants, and not a very old man either, remembers well that when a lad, lie had to go early in the morning to a neighbor's house, half a mile off, to borrow a shovel of live coals to start the fire on the ancestral hearth, that had died out during the night for want of careful covering up; and this was not a rare occurrence either, for nobody had a match to lend in those days. The village of Riverside is appropriately named, lying as it does in the valley of the Ohio river, and extending up the romantic slopes of the- beautiful hillside, dotted here and there with handsome residences, peering out from glossy bowers of coolest shade, musical with birds, with enchanting views of the far reaching river and the picturesque and undulating hills of Kentucky. The geographical position of the village, and the facilities it affords for travel to and from the adjacent city, make it peculiarly adapted for the suburban residence of persons engaged in business there. The Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis & Chicago, and the Ohio & Mississippi railroads run frequent accommodation trains; and in addition there is a street car line from the city post office to about the centre of the village, running every fifteen minutes, and at very low fare. The public buildings and manufacturing establishments are quite creditable. Two large and handsome school-houses, recently erected, give evidence that the cause of education is prominent in the minds of the citizens. The one church is Episcopal, a blue limestone structure of quaint, old English style. It has quite a fair attendance, considering that many citizens of other denominations attend churches in the city, which they can so readily do on what is called the church train. A large, plain, two-story brick building, called Reeder's Hall, stands nearly opposite the church. It has in the second story a fair-sized public hall, capable of seating two hundred and fifty people, and is occasionally used for concerts, lectures, amateur dramatic entertainments, balls, etc. The lower story is divided up into different apartments, used as council-chamber, store and post office. The new rolling mill at " Cullom's Ripple," recently gone into successful operation, is a very extensive and complete establishment of the kind, and will, no doubt, add to and accelerate the prosperity of the village in a marked degree. The large distillery of Goff, Fleischman & Company has been in operation for several years, and is a model in all its appointments and manner of conducting its business. A leading feature of this establish.. ment is the manufacture of "compressed yeast," in a building separate and specially adapted for the purpose, and gives employment to a large number of girls and boys in cutting up into cakes, wrapping in tinfoil and packing into boxes for shipment to the Northern, Southeastern and Western cities. Immediately west of the distillery is a very large and imposing edifice,