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HON, MICHAEL T. CORCORAN, attorney, of the firm of Corcoran & Corcoran, general law practitioners, is a native of the " Queen City," born June 2, 1863. He is a son of Michael T. and Mary (Quinn) Corcoran, natives of Ireland. The father was a contractor, and spent many years of his life working on contracts on public works. In order to better his chance in life, he emigrated from Ireland to Cincinnati when he was a young man, and was married in that city. Of their five children, three are now living, all sons: Patrick. a partner in the law firm of Corcoran & Corcoran, was reared and educated in Cincinnati, graduating from St. Xavier College in 1877, and from the Cincinnati Law School in 1879 (he was elected prosecuting attorney in 1889, and served one term); Richard, a priest, presiding over a church at Woodstock, Md., and Michael T.

Our subject was educated in Cincinnati, and was graduated from St. Xavier College in 1882. and was then employed as professor of Greek and Latin in this college for three years, during which time he studied law, and in 1886 he was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School. He then entered on the practice of his chosen profession in company with his brother. The brothers in their political views are in sympathy with the Democratic party, and Michael T. Corcoran was nominated by his party' as their standard bearer for senator in 1889, being elected. He was only twenty-six years of age, being the youngest senator ever elected from this District, but young as he was he introduced twenty-six bills in the legislature, all of which became laws. One was the code governing loan and building associations. another was the new charter for the city of Cincinnati; and another was the law establishing the free employment agencies. He takes a lively interest in politics; is till active member of the Society of Elks, a member of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, and still retains an active membership in the Phi Delta Psi. He is a frequent contributor to literary journals.

WILLIAM JAMES DAVIDSON was born in Newport. Ky., October 25, 1867, He is a son of W. A. and Sarah J. (Schofield) Davidson, the former a native of Scotland, the latter of Kentucky, and of English descent. W. A. Davidson is a jeweler of Cincinnati, and resides at Dayton, Kentucky.

William J. Davidson received his early education in the public and high schools of Covington; read law under the preceptorship of Judge B. P. Whitaker, of Covington; entered the Cincinnati Law School, was graduated therefrom in 1886, and became associated thereafter in the practice with his preceptor, Judge Whitaker, under the firm name of Whitaker & Davidson. In 1887 he moved to Chattanooga, and formed a law partnership with E. Y. Chapin. In 1888 he returned to Cincinnati and formed his present partnership association with W. McD. Shaw, under the firm name of Shaw & Davidson. Socially Mr. Davidson is a Freemason, politically be is a Democrat. He was married April 23, 1890, to Mary Lou, daughter of John

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J. Shaw, a merchant of Paris, Ky. One child, Alma J., is the fruit of this marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Davidson reside in the Phoenix Flat building, Cincinnati; they are members of the Presbyterian Church.

WILLIAM HUBBELL FISHER was born in the city of Albany, N. Y., November 26, 1843. His father was Rev. Samuel W. Fisher, D. D., LL. D., from 1846 to 1858 pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of this city, and subsequently the president of Hamilton College, New York. His mother was Jane J. Jackson, of New Jersey, descended on her mother's side from the Van de Lindas, an old Holland Dutch family, and from Peter Schuyler, the governor of New York.

William H. Fisher, the subject of this sketch, passed his boyhood in Cincinnati; entered Hamilton College, and was graduated therefrom in 1864 with honor. He has recently been elected a member of the Epsilon Chapter of the society of Phi Beta Kappa, an ancient fraternity of scholars. He studied law at the law school of Columbia College, New York City, under Prof. Theo. W. Dwight and Prof. Lieber, and was admitted to the Bar of the State of New York in the year 1867. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Utica, N. Y., at which time John S. Crocker, attorney in patent cases, transferred to him all his business relating to letters patent. In 1870 he entered into partnership in the practice of patent law with Hon. Samuel S. Fisher, ex-commissioner of patents in this city. In 1873 the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Fisher has since continued in the practice of patent law. He is the author of Fisher's Patent Reports, Vol. I, a compilation of cases of a great deal of value to those engaged in the practice of law relating to patents. On September 10, 1873, he was married to Miss Mary L. Lyon, of Lyons Falls, N. Y., and to them have been born four children, of whom three are living. Mr. Fisher during his stay at Utica, with two other gentlemen, originated the Young Men's Christian Association of Utica, N. Y.. an organization now strong, active, useful and vigorous, and possessing a new and handsome building, the property being valued at over one hundred thousand dollars. He is an elder in the Second Presbyterian Church bore, is the corresponding secretary and director of the Young Men's Christian Association here, and has been president of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History. In the line of photography he has made certain interesting inventions enabling animals vials to take their own pictures by day and by night, also certain valuable improvements in lens shutters, and in apparatus for supporting cameras. He has contributed a number of valuable papers upon various subjects of natural history. In the year 1893, Mr. Fisher published an interesting article of original research entitled " The Investigations of the Burrows of the American Marmot," together with full diagrammatic plans of the burrows. The subject was an entirely new one in the field of scientific investigation and the paper has received very favorable notice from American and European scientists. It, has an ethnological bearing, as it opens to the light, earth openings in which early races of men would be likely to bury or deposit articles of archaeological interest.

Descendent of Officer of American Revolution.

On his father's line of descent, Mr. Fisher is a direct descendant from Jonathan Fisher, of the Massachusetts militia, chosen by Field officers as second lieutenant in Fifth Company of Northampton Second Hampshire County Regiment. Record hereof is dated March 22, 1776, in the Record Index to the Revolutionary War Archives of the State of Massachusetts. On his mother's side, Mr. Fisher is a direct descendant (a great-grandchild) of Adrian Brinkerhoff, Quarter Master Second Regiment of the militia of Dutchess county, N. Y. Brinkerhoff's commission was issued October 17, 1775. [Calendar of New York Historical Manuscripts, Revolutionary Paper, Vol. I, page 140.] The grandfather of Adrian Brinkerhoff was Col. John Brinkerhoff. He lived at Fishkill, on the Hudson, and his home was the headquarters of Washington in 1778, Reported in Spark's Life of Washington and men-

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tioned by Benson J. Lossing. in his Historical Sketches No. 61, in Poughkeepsie Eagle, issue of February 14, 1874, also recorded in "Ancestry of Von Voorhies''Jeanette Von Voorhies being the wife of Col. John Brinkerhoff.

WILLIAM MCCLELLAN FRIDMAN was born in Clermontville, Clermont Co., Ohio, February 20, 1863, a son of Franklin and Milly (Bushman) Fridman, the former a native of Stolhoven, near Strasburg, Germany, the latter of Ohio, of German descent. Franklin Fridman was born in 1816, came to the United States in 1833, locating in Cincinnati, whore be was engaged as a boilermaker for soave years. In 1840 he removed to Clermont county, where he has ever since been engaged in mercantile, manufacturing and banking pursuits, and is now president of the First National Bank of Now Richmond; president of The Fridman Lumber Company, and president of The Shaw-Roberts Furniture Company.

William M. Fridman received his early education in the public schools of Clermont county, prepared for college at Clermont Academy, entered the Ohio Wesleyan University (Delaware, Ohio), and was graduated therefrom in .1884. He then began the study of law under the preceptorship of Frank Davis, now (1894) Judge of the Common Pleas Court of Clermont county; was graduated from the Cincinnati Law College in 1887, and entered upon the practice of law in New Richmond, succeeding to the practice of Frank Davis, who in that year took the judicial seat above mentioned. In the same year, Mr. Fridman became a director of the First National Bank of New Richmond, with which he is still similarly identified. In 1891 be came to Cincinnati and formed a law partnership with Marshal Moreton; and the following year he formed a partnership association with George G. Bright, under the firm name of Bright & Fridman, which firm was dissolved January 1, 1894. On March 14, 1894, he was admitted to practice in the United States Circuit Court. Politically Mr. Fridman is a Democrat; socially he is a member of the Masonic Order, and of the Knights of Pythias, He is unmarried, and resides on Westminster avenue, East Walnut Hills.

SAMUEL WOODWARD was born in Westmoreland, N. H., May 15, 1839, a son of the late Ezekiel and Mary (Wilson) Woodward, the former a native of New Hampshire, the latter of Vermont. and both of English descent. Our subject received a common-school education derived during the winter months of his boyhood, and completed it at the Westminster (Vermont) High School. In 1858 he came west, and was for one year superintendent of the extensive farm near Morrow, belonging to his brother, Ezekiel W. Woodward, who had located there in 1849. In 1859 Samuel Woodward became one of the engineering corps of the O. & M. R. R., and in 1861 was appointed private secretary to his brother E. W. Woodward, then superintendent of the Little Miami. E. W. Woodward, afterward, and until 1867, was president of the Little Miami, and during a portion of this period, Samuel Woodward was the president's private secretary. In 1870 he became superintendent of construction under R. M. Shoemaker, of the Dayton Short Line. In 1873 he was made general superintendent of the Indianapolis & St. Louis railroad. In 1876 he was elected president of the Cincinnati & Eastern, resigning that position in 1878 to accept the general superintendency of the Cincinnati Southern. In 1882 he was made co-receiver with James H. Stewart of the old Marietta & Cincinnati railroad, and, after the sale and reorganization of that road, returned to the Cincinnati & Eastern as general manager. continuing in that capacity until appointed as receiver of the road. In February, 1885, after the completion of the road to Portsmouth, he resigned his receivership, and retired from the railroad business to take up the study of law. He was admitted to practice in Missouri, in 1887, and in this State, in 1890, and is now engaged in the practice of his profession in Cincinnati,

On January 18, 1867, Mr. Woodward was married to Kate L., daughter of the late William Miller, of Circleville, Ohio. Three children were born of this marriage, all of whom survive, namely: Harriet L., Mary and Edith. The first named is the

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wife of Charles S. Mounts, a hardware merchant of Wilmington, Ohio. The family reside at Morrow, Ohio.

WILLIAM RENDIGS, attorney at law, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 17, 1855. His father, John H. Rendigs, came to that city from Germany in 1847. Our subject received his education in the public schools of Cincinnati, completing his general education at Woodward High School in 1870, In 1874 he entered the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, from which institution he graduated with highest honors, taking the gold medal in 1876. He established a prosperous retail drug business on Walnut Hills, and was, during the ten years thus engaged, associated with his brothers in the establishment of five additional drug stores. During the closing years of his business as pharmacist he began the study of law, subsequently attending the Cincinnati Law College, and being; admitted to the Bar by the supreme court at Columbus in 1888. He immediately embarked in the practice of his profession with Washington T. Porter, with whom he is still associated. Mr. Rendigs has been particularly active in advancing the educational interests of his city, and has been thrice elected a member of the board of education, of which body he was vice-president and president successively. It was largely through Mr. Rendigs' indefatigable efforts that a high school was established on Walnut Hills. While a member of the board of education he was also a member of the union board of high schools, and of the board of trustees of the public library. He was a member of the board of legislation, having been elected in 1892, and served for the full term of two years. Mr. Rendigs is a prominent Mason; he is a member of Walnut Hills Lodge F. & A. M., and Chapter, Royal Arch; Cincinnati Commandery No. 3, Knights Templar; and 329 A. and A. Scottish Rite. He is also a member of the I.O.O. F.

Mr. Rendigs was married September 26, 1877, to Louisa, daughter of William Pieper, an old resident and leading brick manufacturer of Cincinnati, and four children were born of this marriage, to-wit: William P., Lula C., Nellie and Alma. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church; they reside on June and Winslow avenues, Walnut Hills.

WADE CUSHING was born at Loveland, Ohio, January 26, 1861. . He is 'a son of Mathew and Mary Ann (Wade) Cushing, both natives of Ohio and of Scotch descent. Mathew Cushing is a lineal descendant of Thomas Cushing, who with Samuel Adams as his associate, represented Massachusetts Bay State in the first. Continental Congress. Nathaniel, the grandfather of Mathew Cushing, was a native of Pembroke, Mass. Was second lieutenant Brewers Massachusetts regiment. July to December, 1775; first lieutenant Sixth Continental Infantry, January 1, 1776, to December 31, 1776; captain First Massachusetts January 1, 1777; brigade major, December 1, 1781, to April, 1782; brevet major to closing of war. Remained in army, and when Maj. Goodale was captured by the Indians Nathaniel Cushing was made colonel and (riven command of the fort at Belpre. Ohio. His son, Henry Cushing, lived at Gallipolis and Cedarville, Ohio, until 1858, when he removed to Loveland, same State. The Wades are also among the early settlers of Ohio.

Wade Gushing received his initial schooling at Goshen Academy, continued it at Xenia Normal School, and completed it at Delaware University. While a student at Goshen and Xenia he taught school for a portion of two years, and after leaving Delaware University was similarly engaged for four years. During this latter period he began the study of law with Nash & Lentz (George K. Nash, John J. Lentz), at Columbus, Ohio, was admitted to practice by the Supreme Court in 1888, came to Cincinnati in 1889, and has since been engaged in the practice of his profession in that city. He is a Freemason, and a member of the Second Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati. He resides on Mount Auburn.

WILLIAM EDGAR BUNDY, attorney at law, was born October 4, 1866, at Wellston, Jackson Co., Ohio. He is a sort of William Sanford Bundy and Kate (Thompson)

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Bundy, both of whom are natives of Ohio. The former left college to go into the army at the breaking out of the Civil war, and in December, 1863, was wounded while on the skirmish line at Bean Station, Tenn. Because of this wound he was mustered out of the service in 1864, and subsequently, in 1867, died from its effects. His widow was thrown from a spirited horse in 1868, and died from the effects of the injuries thus received. William E. Bandy made his home from earliest childhood at Wellston, with his grandfather, Hezekiah S. Bandy, who for many years was the leading iron manufacturer of Ohio. He has always been active in political life, having been for several terms State Senator, and for three terms a member of Congress being now the Representative from the Tenth Congressional District. A daughter is the wife of ex-Governor Joseph B. Foraker.

The subject of this sketch received his initial schooling in the district schools of Wellston, and completed it at the Ohio University, Athens, from which institution he was graduated in 1886. One year prior to this he began the publication of the Wellston Argus, a weekly newspaper, Republican in politics. After his graduation he became associate editor of the Ohio Mining Journal, the official organ of the Institute of Ohio Mining Engineers. During this latter period he began the study of law. In 1887 he came to Cincinnati to attend the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in May, 1889. He at once began the practice of law in Cincinnati, and is still engaged therein. In May, 1889, be was elected colonel of the Ohio Division, Sons of Veterans. He was secretary of the board of elections 1889-90, succeeding Col. D. W. McClung. In April, 1891, he was elected solicitor of Norwood, in which thriving suburb. he resides, and in April, 1893, he was reelected to the position. Mr. Bundy is a young gentleman of more than ordinary native ability and a superabundance of energy; he is a close student, and is in the enjoyment of a lucrative practice. He was married May 8, 1892, to Eva, daughter of Hon. John P. Leedom, of West Union, Ohio.

FRANK R. MORSE, attorney at law, was born May 17, 1854, at Tiro, Crawford Co., Ohio. He is a son of Amos and Mehitable (Carlisle) Morse, both of English extraction, the former a native of Ohio, and the latter of New York, a lineal descendant of the White family who came to this country in the "Mayflower." Frank R. Morse received his early education in the public schools of Tiro, and completed it at Denison University, Granville, Ohio, from which institution he was graduated in 1885, Immediately thereafter he came to Cincinnati and read law with the firm of Cowan & Ferris; was admitted to practice by the Supreme Court at Columbus in 1889, embarked in the practice in Cincinnati, and in 1891 formed his present law partnership with Judge James B. Swing, under the firm name of Swing & Morse. Mr. Morse was married in November, 1875, to Alvira B., daughter of John Stock, a farmer of Crawford county, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Morse reside at Linwood, of which village he has been solicitor for the past five years. They are members of the Linwood Baptist Church,

CHARLES FRANKLIN MALSBARY, attorney at law, was born in Sycamore township, Hamilton Co., Ohio, February 21, 1856. He is a son of Job and Sarah (Siekels) Malsbary, the former a native of New Jersey, and of English-Scotch descent, the latter a native of Ohio, of English-German descent. Charles F. Malsbary completed his education, when twenty years old, at the National Normal University of Lebanon, Ohio. For twelve years thereafter he taught school in Clermont and Hamilton counties; was, in 1883, president of the Hamilton County Teachers' Association (the youngest man who had ever occupied that position), and in 1884 was president of the Teachers' Institute. He began the study of law while teaching, and in 1888 resigned his position as superintendent of the Mt.. Healthy schools to attend the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated with honors in 1889, since which time he has been engaged in the practice of the law in Cincinnati. Mr,

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Malsbary is unmarried, and resides at Rossmoyne with his mother and two sisters. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church.

NATHAN ROGERS PARK was born in Cincinnati, November 20, 1866. He is a son of Richard and Margaret (Clarke) Park, both natives of County Donegal, Ireland. Richard Park was engaged in the manufacture of saddlery in Cincinnati from 1852 up to the time of his retirement from business in 1884.

Nathan R. Park was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, and was graduated from Hughes High School in 1884. For four years thereafter he was engaged in mercantile pursuits, and then began the study of law under the preceptorship of Albert J. Alexander, at that time an attorney, now a Presbyterian minister. Mr. Park continued the study of law with Ferris, Morrow & Oldham, was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School in the class of '89, and then for one year attended the Harvard Law School. Returning to Cincinnati, he became associated with the law firm of King, Thompson & Richards, and subsequently, in 1892, became a member of the successors of that firm, Thompson, Richards & Park. Mr. Park is unmarried, and resides with his father's family, on Ridgeway avenue, Avondale. He is a member of the First Reformed Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati, and is clerk of the congregation.

OWEN NICHOLAS KINNEY, attorney at law, was born at Mount Healthy, Hamilton Co., Ohio. June 22, 1865. He is a son of William N. and Julia (Norris) Kinney, both natives of Ohio, the former of Irish, the latter of French-English descent. He received his early education in the public schools of his native township, and taught school for two years thereafter. He then entered the National Normal University of Lebanon, from which institution he was graduated in 1884, with the degree of B.A. He then resumed school teaching, and continued same for a period of three years. In 1887 he entered the Cincinnati Law School, graduating therefrom in the class of '89, since when he has been engaged in the practice of his profession in Cincinnati. Mr. Kinney is a member of the I. O. O. F.; he is unmarried.

GEORGE W. HENGST was born in Hocking county, Ohio, August 18, 1860, He is a son of Lewis and Elizabeth (Keller) Hengst, both natives of Germany, who came to this country in childhood with their respective families, both families locating in Hocking county. They afterward moved to Fairfield County, Ohio, where they now reside. George W. Hengst completed his education at Wittenberg College, in 1888; read law with Hon. J. L. Zimmerman, of Springfield, Ohio; entered the Cincinnati Law School, and was graduated therefrom in 1889.

SAMUEL WATSON SMITH, JR., attorney at law, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, August 24, 1859. He is a son of Samuel W. and Mary Caroline (Woolley) Smith, the former a native of Rhode Island, the latter of Cincinnati, a daughter of Dr. John and Lydia (Drake) Woolley, the latter a Fister of Daniel Drake, a biographical sketch of whom is contained herein. S. W. Smith, Sr., came to Cincinnati in 1832, and was for many years engaged in the rectifying and distilling business. He retired in 1873, and now resides on Gilbert avenue, Walnut Hills.

Samuel W. Smith, Jr., received his early education in the public schools and at Chickening Institute, Cincinnati, graduating from the latter institution in. 1876. He then entered Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, and was graduated therefrom in 1880. Ho read law in the office of Lincoln & Stephens; attended the Cincinnati Law School, and was graduated therefrom in 1882. In 1890 he became a member of the firm of Stephens, Lincoln & Smith. He served for one term as a Republican member of the board of legislation. He is a 32nd degree Mason, Scottish Rite, a Knight Templar and a Mystic Shriner. Mr. Smith was married October 29, 1891, to Olive Douglas, daughter of Henry B. and Eliza (Baldwin) Perkins, residents of Warren. Ohio. One child, born of this marriage, is Elizabeth Baldwin Smith. Mr. and Mrs. Smith reside on Highland avenue, Walnut Hills.

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SOL L. SWARTS was born in Cincinnati, April 17, 1866. He is a son of the late J. L. and Caroline (Stix) Swarts, natives of Bavaria, who in their early childhood .came to Cincinnati with their respective families. J. L. Swarts was for many years, and up to the time of his decease (1871), a member of the firm of Louis Stix Company, wholesale dry-goods merchants. The subject of this sketch was graduated from Hughes High School, in the class of '83; spent the subsequent year in further study, in preparing for college at the Franklin School, entered Harvard in 1884, and was graduated therefrom with the degree B.A. in 1888. In the following year he entered the law department of Harvard, was graduated B. L. in 1891, and was admitted. He then pursued the study of law with Wilby & Wold, until 1892, when ho formed his present partnership association with Lowrey Jackson, under the firm name of Jackson & Swarts.

O. J. RENNER, attorney and counselor at law (office, Blymyer building; residence, No. 172 Warner street, Clifton Heights), was born March 1, 1871, in Cincinnati, Ohio, and is a son of Joseph and Caroline Renner. He was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, and when seventeen years of age taught a private night school. He also taught in the public schools of Cincinnati when eighteen years of age, and taught for two years. Meanwhile he took up the study of law, and graduated at the Law School of Cincinnati College in May, 1892. He is the author of " Elements of Law," by O. J. Renner and C. M. Miller. At present he is a member of the Cincinnati board of teachers' examiners. Mr. Renner was married June 29, 1892, to Martha Norris Miller. He and his wife traveled through Europe during the summer of 1892, returning in the fall, since which time he has been practicing his profession. They are the parents of one daughter, Martha Miller Renner. Politically Mr. Benner is a Republican, and he is a member of Douglas Lodge No. 21, Knights of Pythias.

CHARLES BODMANN WILLIAMS was born in Clermont county, Ohio, October 21, 1867, He is a son of Perry and Deborah (Dugan) Williams, both natives of Ohio, the former of Welsh, the latter of German descent. Charles B. Williams was educated in the common schools of Clermont county, and then engaged for three years in buying leaf tobacco in that county, which he sold in the Cincinnati market. Afterward he attended the Northern Indiana Normal School, and was graduated therefrom in the class of 1892; then entered upon the practice of law in Cincinnati. Mr. Williams belongs to the Masonic Order; he is unmarried.

D. CLIFTON KELLER, attorney at law, was born in Butlerville, Warren Co., Ohio, August 11, 1869, a son of Michael and Mary (Fryburger)Keller, the former a native of Strasburg, Wurtemberg, the latter of Warren county, Ohio. Our subject completed his education at the National Normal University, Lebanon, Ohio, graduating therefrom in 1886. For the following five years and a half he was an employe in the post office at Cincinnati. During the early part of this governmental service, he took up the study of law, and continued thereafter under the preceptorship of Judge James Allen Runyan, of Lebanon, Ohio. He was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School in 1892, and is now engaged in the practice of law in Cincinnati, where he resides. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church.

WILLIAM JUDKINS was born in Guilford county, N. C., September 1, 1788, and was consequently in his seventy-third year at the time of his decease, June 22, 1861. In 180(3 he migrated to Ohio, and at the ago of twenty-two, in 1811, commenced the practice of medicine in Jefferson county, that State. After twenty-one years of successful practice in that county be removed, in 1832, to Cincinnati, where he ever after resided and practiced, with the exception of a few months' residence in the country. He was one of the oldest physicians in the profession, and few persons had lived longer, uninterruptedly, in the city. As a physician and surgeon his standing and reputation were exceptionally high. Few men of his profession, probably, possessed a a clearer and more comprehensive view of the diseases, and arrived so rapidly at a

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conclusion with a prompt and simple treatment. He continued his professional readings to within a few months of his death, and, unlike most old physicians who entered the profession early in the century, he was able to advance with the tide of scientific and medical progress. He was in his last years a young old man, keeping fully abreast of his age. As early as 1822 he performed some remarkable surgical operations, accounts of which were published in the journals of that day. On account of these he received the degree of M. D, from Transylvania Medical College, at Lexington, Ky. As medical journals sprang up over the West during his long professional career, he became a frequent contributor to their columns, and in every way tried to advance the cause in which he spent nearly his entire life. He was a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine.

By birth the Doctor was a member of the Society of Friends, and remained during his life in that connection, conforming to its customs in dress and language. His manners were gentle, courteous and pleasing, although his early education was deficient. This deficiency he largely corrected during a long life of careful reading and study; came to a stand deservedly high in his profession, and lived and died a Christian, universally esteemed. He left five children, two daughters and three sons. His sons David, Charles Palmer, and William, are all practicing physicians of Cincinnati.

FRANK F. LOUGHEAD, physician and surgeon, Woodburn avenue, Cincinnati, was born January 20, 1855, a son of Edward Rankin and Rosana Jane (Pennell) Loughead, both of whom were born in the United States, the father at Steubenville, Ohio, September 9, 1825. Edward R. Loughead came to Cincinnati in 1846, and in 1852 became a member of the lumber firm of Hinkle Guild & Company, West Front street. Subsequently he was connected with the following houses in the same line: Mills, Loughead & Company, Loughead & Porter and E. R. Loughead & Company. In 1890 he retired from the business. He died October 29, 1893, of typhoid fever;. his widow is still living. The paternal grandfather, Edward Loughead, was a drygoods merchant in Philadelphia until about 1848, when he retired to a farm in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, where he died in 1863, aged eighty-six years. The ,paternal grandmother's maiden name was Catherine Rankin. The maternal grandfather, James M. Pennell, was born in Philadelphia in 1804, and died in Cincinnati in 1857. He was educated in Ohio, and was a graduate of the Medical College of Ohio, in the class of 1828. The maternal grandmother, Emily Buckles, was born in 1801, and died in 1837. The father's ancestors were of Scotch-Irish origin, but his immediate progenitors were from the North of Ireland. The mother's family on both sides have resided in America for 150 years.

Our subject was educated in the Cincinnati public schools, and in a private academy. He studied medicine with J. C. McMechan, M. D., and L. C. Carr, M. D., and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, Cincinnati, in 1883. Obstetrics and children's diseases are the specialties to which he gives his close attention. For eighteen months he was visiting physician to St. Mary's Hospital, and adjunct professor of obstetrics in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery from 1887 to 1890. He belongs to no secret societies. He is a member of the Walnut Hills Medical Society. Dr. Loughead was united in marriage May 3, 1892, with Miss Mary T., daughter of Bernard and Mary J. (Imholt) Veerkamp, both natives of Germany. They have one son, Edward B., born March 28, 1893. At present the Doctor is visiting physician to the Home for the Aged, and examiner for the Germania Life Insurance Company of New York.

DR. CHARLES WOODWARD, one of the best known physicians in the Ohio Valley, and at the time of his death, August 16,1874, the oldest medical practitioner in Cincinnati, was born in the city of Philadelphia, Penn., October 31, 1803, On the paternal side he was of English extraction. His father was a well-known publisher in Philadelphia, and a son of Col. Moses Woodward, of Portsmouth, N. H., who fought in the Revolutionary

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war. From his maternal ancestors the subject of our sketch inherited both French and English blood, his mother's name, Janvier, being that of a noted family of French Huguenots to which she was allied. She was a woman of beauty and spirit. The name of Hill, the maiden name of her mother, connected her with the family to which belonged Sir Roland Hill. To this mixture of French and English heredity may he attributed the happy combination of vivacity and dignity so well remembered in the personnel of Dr. Woodward.

In 1825 there was added to the list of graduates of Princeton College the name of Charles Woodward, and in 1828 we find that he graduated from the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania. The same year he came to Cincinnati, where from that date almost to the time of his death, a period of forty-six years, he was actively engaged in the practice of his profession. On May 29,1829, the young physician was married to Miss Amelia Roe, of Savannah, Ga., at the residence of her brother-in-law, the well-known and respected merchant, the late Josiah Lawrence, Esq., whose wife and Miss Roe were daughters of John Conrad Roe, Esq., of Baltimore, Md. Of the children born to this marriage seven survive, viz.: Dr. Josiah Lawrence Woodward; Dr. William Wallis Woodward, dentist; John Haven Woodward, lawyer; Dr. Warren Roe Woodward; Dr. Augustus Janvier Woodward; Mrs. Anne Gross Andrews, wife of Daniel Andrews, Esq., and Miss Amelia Elizabeth Woodward, all being residents of Cincinnati, except the first named.

The professional career of Dr. Woodward was one of which the medical fraternity in the city of his adoption has cause to be proud. In his practice he never shrunk from duty, and in his chosen sphere of activity his life was one of prolonged usefulness, rounded by the conscientious fulfillment of every Christian obligation. Of a sanguine temperament, he was genial and kindly in his manners, of great vivacity of mariner, always, however, dignified and polished, and with a kindness of heart that ever prompted him to help and encourage others. Particularly was this the case in his intercourse with new aspirants to Esculapian honors, and many a medical practitioner of our day can look back to kindly words of advice and encouragement given him by the friendly doctor, when hope and ambition were on the wane in his youthful heart. The heartfelt testimonials to Dr. Woodward's merit as a physician, and integrity as a friend and citizen, at a called meeting of the medical profession at the time of his death, bear witness to the high estimation in which he was held by the community. We quote the following from au article published in the daily Press of Cincinnati at the date of his decease. "The story of Dr. Woodward's life is a brief and simple one, and is sublime in its very simplicity. He sought not the honors of authorship, nor the applause that follows brilliant professorship. Only once did he permit honors to be thrust upon him, as was literally the presidency of the State Medical Association in 1857. Day by day, week by week, month by month, year by year wont on the patient work which has made him the oldest practitioner in the city. And in his life-labor nothing was given for show, nothing bid for professional or public applause." It was no want of appreciation of the dignity of tire professorships in the Medical College of Ohio, which were offered to him from time to time, that led to their refusal by Dr. Woodward, but the fact that to his patients he felt belonged all his professional attention. Death came unfeared to the beloved physician in the fullness of three score years and ten, after a life full of usefulness, and "lived in the reverence and .veneration of his God."

DR. JOHN HUMPHREYS TATE was born in 1815 at Charleston, W. Va., a son of Hon. W. Tate and Abigal (North) Tate, both Virginians, though the Tates originally came from Scotland and the Norths from Ireland. In 1853 our subject came west, walking over the Alleghany Mountains. After graduating at Hanover, Ind., he studied medicine under Prof. John Morehead, and entered the Ohio Medical College, graduating from that institution in 1837. He was then appointed resident physician to the Commercial (now Cincinnati) Hospital, where he remained one year; then opened

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an office on the corner of Third and Broadway, where, with the exception of a couple of years spent in Europe, he practiced successfully to the time of his death.

In 1856 Dr. Tate became a member of the Faculty of the Ohio Medical College,. also serving on the staff of the Commercial Hospital. He was, in this capacity, the first in the Ohio Valley to give clinical instruction in obstetrical auscultation. Dr. Tate read many papers before various societies. In 1879 he published a statistical report founded upon hospital records of the frequency, causes and treatment of lacerations of the perineum. He also originated and successfully executed his special method of restoring the inverted uterus. It was to his discussion of medical topics that the younger men of the profession looked forward with the greatest pleasure, because they showed years of study and practice from a renowned man. He resigned from the City Hospital in 1886, and was unanimously elected consulting obstetrician, which position he held at the time of his death. In 1865 Dr. Tate introduced a resolution which was passed in the Academy of Medicine, asking the legislature so to amend the law governing the Commercial Hospital as to apply the money received from the sale of tickets from medical students to the establishing and maintenance of the medical library and museum in the hospital. The law was so amended by the State Legislature. Dr. Tate was, therefore, the founder of the splendid library which has grown to such large proportions (10,000 volumes). He was also by this same measure the founder of our Hospital Museum. These acts were the outgrowth of his energy, industry, foresight and loyalty to the interests of the medical profession of his adopted city. The fine oil painting, which hangs in the library, was the gift of many practitioners of Cincinnati. Dr. Tate, although a general practitioner, obtained his greatest reputation as an obstetrician and gynecologist. No one in the city ever surpassed him, and few, if any, equaled him. In consulting he was never disappointing. He brought to the occasion his superior skill, and was here, as everywhere, the soul of truth and honor, withal so modest and unassuming. that his professional associates never suffered in reputation because of the consultation. The day was never too hot nor cold that he did not cheerfully respond to the many poor, and remain as long as his services were needed. During his life he held many honorable positions: he lectured in the Cincinnati and Ohio Medical Colleges on obstetrics, and was gynecologist to the Good Samaritan and City Hospitals; he was also president of the Academy of Medicine in 1873.

Dr. Tate was married in 1853 to Margaret Chenowith, daughter of John S. Chenowith, of Kentucky. Dr, and Mrs. Tate were consistent members of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church. Mrs. Tate died February 2, 1889, and Dr. Tate on February 7, 1892, leaving seven children-one daughter (Mrs. F. G. March) and six, sons; one of the latter, Magnus Tate, also a graduate of the Ohio Medical College, is practicing in the office so long occupied by his father. Men in war and legislative halls have achieved fame, but Dr. Tate leaves the glory of a successful life to his family, a name which will always be revered in the hovels of the poor and the mansions of the rich.

DR. MAGNUS A. TATE was born November 2, 1867, a son of the late John H. Tate, of whom biographical mention has just been made. He received his education in the schools of Cincinnati, and began the study of medicine under the preceptorship of his father. In March, 1891, he graduated from the Ohio Medical College, and immediately began the practice of his profession in his father's office, at the corner of Third and Broadway. Following in the footsteps of his distinguished father, he has made a specialty of obstetrics and gynecology, in which important branch of medical science be is clinical assistant at the Ohio Medical College. He has also studied obstetrics in Sloane Maternity Hospital, New York. The Doctor is a member of the Academy of Medicine, the State Medical Society, the Obstetrical' Society of Cincinnati, and the American Medical Association. In the proceedings of three organizations he has been an active participant, having frequently read val--

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uable papers which appear in their published reports. He is a member of the Masonic Fraternity, and of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church.

NATHANIEL FOSTER, M. D., was born August 31, 1817, in Newbliss, County Monaghan, Ireland, a son of Benjamin Friel and Elizabeth (Moorehead) Foster. The Poster family removed from England in 1641, and located in Ireland. Benjamin Foster was an officer in the English army, and his eldest brother, James Foster, who was a colonel in the same army, fought at the battle of Waterloo.

Benjamin F. Foster died at the age of thirty-six years, and Nathaniel, his only son, with his mother, came in 1833 to the United States to visit Dr. John Moorehead, a brother of Mrs. Foster. Dr. Moorehead was living in Cincinnati, and was well and favorably known as an eminent physician and surgeon connected with the Ohio Medical College. It was from him Dr. Foster inherited his medical talents, and by him was persuaded to remain in Cincinnati. Nathaniel attended school in Ireland, and received instruction at select schools in Cincinnati. He studied medicine with his uncle, Dr. John Moorehead, and was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1838. He soon after went to Europe, and spent several months in hospitals at Dublin. Returning to Cincinnati, he began practice, and subsequently succeeded to Dr. Moorehead's practice, the latter having returned to his estates in Ireland. Dr. Foster soon became one of the most active and busiest practitioners in the city; for nearly forty years occupied the same office, and clung tenaciously to it and its associations. Dr. Foster was actively connected for many years with the Good Samaritan Hospital of Cincinnati, but aside from this work always declined positions offered him with any of the medical colleges, and although a member of various societies, he seldom took an active part in their proceedings. His heart and soul were in his professional duties, and he took a high rank as a practitioner. Early in life he showed a special fondness for surgery, and performed many important operations; but, although urged to make this a specialty, be gradually gave it up, probably owing to the great demands for his general business, and devoted himself entirely to family practice, which included many of the most prominent and richest in the city. But while his time was thus fully occupied by those who could compensate him for his attention, he was noted for the fidelity with which be answered the calls to and the faithful services he always rendered the poorest. He never declined a summons on account of the poverty of the applicant, and when enlisted in a case he expended the same care and skill that he would if he expected the moot liberal remuneration. He was indefatigable in his business, seldom taking a holiday, and never allowing social enjoyment of any kind to interfere with his work. In all the great epidemics which occurred in his time he continued at his post, and in the cholera epidemic of 1852 his devotion nearly cost him his life. In all professional matters he was quick in forming his opinion, and prompt and energetic in carrying out whatever his judgment decided was right; but while positive and decided in his views, he was never unreasonable in maintaining his own, and was always ready to yield a courteous deference to his colleagues whom be Duet in consultation, keeping, however, always in view, the best interests of his patients. A prominent physician once remarked: "Dr. Foster was always the gentleman in all the relations of life." Those few words expressed the generous estimate of a noble character, the physician and gentleman, ever ready to render to suffering humanity, whatever their station or their means, such aid as his skill and devotion could afford, and always ready to yield his own opinions and his own preferences if only those who had committed themselves to his care could only be the gainers by the experience and knowledge of others. Of an unusually vigorous constitution, he was forgetful of sell', and accomplished an amount of work such as few would have been able to perform. But the untiring labor for many years finally undermined his constitution, and for several years before his death, which occurred July 16, 1882, be was compelled to do less work, though be never retired from practice, preferring, as he said, "to die in the harness."

632 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

At four o'clock, July 18, after his death, the medical profession of Cincinnati met at Lancet Hall to take action. Dr. John H. Tate presided as chairman, and Dr. William Judkins acted as secretary. Appropriate resolutions were passed, and the following eminent physicians spoke in tender and eloquent words relating to the life, character and high medical attainments of their late brother: Dr. C. O. Wright, Dr. John Davis, Dr. E. Williams, Dr. John H. Tate, Dr. David Judkins, Dr. N. P. Dandridge, Dr. Hail, Dr. Kemper, and Dr. Kearney, each testifying that Dr. Foster had died leaving; behind him an unsullied name. The Cincinnati papers, Gazette, Commercial, Church Chronicle, Times Star, Enquirer, Lancet, and Clinic, each published extensive notices of his sickness and death, and paid well-deserved tribute to his memory. Dr. Foster was for many years a consistent member and vestryman of Christ's Episcopal Church, and died in the full faith of that organization. He was a Republican in his political views. On April 21, 1853, he was married to Josephine R. Lytle, daughter of Gen. Robert T. Lytle and Elizabeth (Haines), and granddaughter of Gen. William Lytle, one of the pioneer settlers of Cincinnati. One son and two daughters are the result of this union.

JOHN A. MURPHY, A.M., M.D., one of the most distinguished and successful physicians of Cincinnati, was born in Hawkins county, E. Tenn., January 23, 1824. He received a literary education in the old Cincinnati College, and in April, 1843, began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. John P. Harrison, of Cincinnati. He in the meantime entered the Medical College of Ohio, and graduated in the spring of 1846. Immediately after graduating he was elected one of the resident physicians to the Cincinnati Hospital. This position he held one year, and in 1847 opened his office for private practice. Being very successful, and wishing to increase his professional knowledge, he in 1853 made a trip to Europe for that purpose. There he spent nearly two years attending the lectures and clinics of the most distinguished men of his profession, in Paris and other medical centers. He was one of the founders of the Miami Medical College of Cincinnati. At the organization of this institution he was made a member of the Faculty, and professor of materia medics. When, in 1857, the Miami and Medical Colleges of Ohio were consolidated, he was again elected to the chair of materia medica. On the independent reorganization of the Miami Medical College, in 1865, be was elected professor of the principles and practice of medicine. This position be still holds, with a degree of popularity to which few medical lecturers attain. In connection with Drs. Mendenhall and F. B. Stevens, he established and edited the Medical Observer, and after the union of this journal with the Western Lancet, be still remained one of its editors.

During the war of the Rebellion Dr. Murphy was a member of the board appointed by Governor Tod to examine candidates for medical positions in the State regiments. He was also surgeon of the Board of Enrollment for the Second District of Ohio, and for three years acting assistant-surgeon in charge of the Third Street Cincinnati United States Military Hospital. Dr. Murphy is a member of the medical staff of the Cincinnati Hospital, member of the Cincinnati Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Society. of which he has served as its president, and the American Medical Association. His private practice is extensive and valuable, few medical men of the West occupying a more enviable place in the confidence of the people, or more justly bearing a widespread reputation.

ZOHETH FREEMAN, M.D., office and residence No. 274 West Seventh street,, Cincinnati, was born July 17, 1826, in Milton, Queens Co., Nova Scotia, a son of Zoheth and Dorinda Freeman, both natives of Milton, Queens Co., Nova Scotia, the former born February 3, 1799, the latter in 1798. The father was owner of large tracts of pine timber lands, a successful manufacturer and dealer in lumber, owner of sawmills, and shipping lumber to the West India Islands and British Guiana in his own ships; he was a prominent leading man in the community, and was a justice of the peace;

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he died in August, 1878, his widow in 1880. The grandfather, Samuel Freeman, was also a lumber manufacturer. His early progenitor died in England in 1639, where he went to settle up his business affairs. His family held influential, honorable and trusted positions in the government and in the army. The Freeman escutcheon, which the family have, is the bust with corslet armour, characteristic face, with helmet, visor up, lion rampant and lozenge. Samuel Freeman came from England in 1630 in company with Governor John Winthrop; they had fourteen vessels containing a large party of Englishmen who formed a colony in Massachusetts. He and his brother Edmund were prominent men, and gave to the colony twenty pieces of plate armour. Their whole line of descendants are mentioned as prominent men in the business affairs of the place in which they resided, known for their interest in public affairs and just dealings-some being judges of the court, and other magistrates.

Our subject was educated in. his native city, studied medicine in Buffalo, N. Y., with S. M. Davis, M. D., and attended medical lectures in the Buffalo Medical College, at its first session. He was graduated from the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, in 1848, and first opened an office for the practice of his profession in Memphis, Tenn. The Doctor is a member of the National Eclectic Medical Association, and the Ohio State Medical Association. In the summer of 1848 he was appointed to fill the chair of anatomy in a new eclectic medical college to be established in Rochester, N. Y., and gave his first course of lectures there, being as be was informed at the time, the youngest professor of anatomy in any medical college. He returned to Rochester in the following summer, and again lectured on anatomy, also demonstrated anatomy in the dissecting rooms, and lectured on operative surgery. During the winter of 1848 and spring of 1849, he demonstrated anatomy in the dissecting rooms of the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati. During the winter of 1849, and up to the spring of 1851, be practiced medicine and surgery in Memphis, Tenn., and lectured in the medical department of the Memphis Institute as professor of anatomy, also demonstrated anatomy in the dissecting rooms. The lectures, given in 1849, were the first given in the medical department of the Memphis Institute. In the autumn of 1851 he returned to Cincinnati, and occupied the chair of professor of anatomy, also of demonstrator of anatomy in the Eclectic Medical Institute for a number of years. He was then transferred to the chair of principles and practice of medicine and pathology in the same, for two successive sessions. He was then appointed to the chair of surgery, which position be occupied about fourteen years. Also lectured on clinical medicine and surgery at the medical and surgical clinic up to 1873. Since 1873 he has only retained the chair of clinical medicine and surgery. During his active relation to the college, he has performed many interesting and critical surgical operations, both in the city and in the adjacent counties and States, such as bone resections, capital and plastic operations, comprising the long list of those which a surgeon is called upon to attend to. He has been in active and successful practice up to the present time. Though he has been occupied constantly in the arduous duties of practice, yet he has, through a long period, written many articles for the Eclectic Medical Journal, including dissertations on medical subjects, reports of surgical work and clinical reports, while lecturing on clinical surgery; also letters to the Commercial, of travel and adventure in England, Scotland and Germany; on the Rhine and its castles; also from Venice, giving a full description of the superb pageant and reception of King Humbert and Queen Margueritta by the enthusiastic Venetians who in a blaze of splendor accompanied the royal guests and staff on board of the gilded state gondolas on the Grand Canal from the Rialto to the Doge's palace; also letters from Naples, Pompeii, and descriptive of a moonlight excursion to Vesuvius and to the bottom of the crater; besides magazine articles on " Moose Hunting " in Nova Scotia, and deer hunting on horseback in the Red river country.

934 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

In October, 1856, Dr. Freeman was married to Miss Ellen, daughter of Eben S. Ricker, Esq., and Harriet (Pumpelly) Ricker, of Clermont county, Ohio. Two children have been born to them: Zoe Freeman, born October 5, 1857, died March 18, 1860, and Leonard Freeman, M.D., born December 16, 1860. He is a resident of Cincinnati, where he practices surgery; is a pathologist in the Cincinnati Hospital, surgeon to Christ's Hospital, clinical surgeon to the Ohio Medical College, and professor of surgery in the Woman's Medical College of Cincinnati. Dr. Freeman in religion belongs to no special sect, but lives, trying to make as grand and acceptable a record as possible in a correct and useful life, according to the most advanced ideas of Christ, our religious teacher, that we may with perfect confidence deliver to the great all-father through his son, our representative, as our passport to the eternal life. In politics Dr. Freeman is a Republican, and believes all citizens equal before the law-white, black, male or female; also in a free and untrammeled vote and a fair count, all over the Union, which is the bulwark and spirit of a Republican form of government, and that all citizens should have it.

WILLIAM OWENS, M. D., late professor of materia medica and therapeutics in the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati, Ohio, was born in Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, April 24, 1823. His parents were natives of this country. His early education was of the most meager character, as he was obliged to relinquish his studios during the winter months on account of the distance of the school from his home, and the prevalence of heavy snowstorms. Yet he satisfied his cravings for knowledge by reading all the books belonging to his father, or which could be borrowed from the neighbors. His course of reading developed in him a fondness for travel, and he subsequently left home in company with an invalid army officer with whom he spent two years in visiting Florida, the West Indies, and South America. After this he returned to Cincinnati, and applied himself to the cooper trade, devoting a portion of his time to study. In the spring of 1843 he entered Woodward College, attending the recitations during the half day, until the spring of 1846, when an opportunity was given him to enter a drug store as an assistant.

In May of that year the Mexican war broke out, and he then enlisted in the First Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Company E, commanded by J. B. Armstrong. During the conflict he was engaged in nearly all of the more important battles tinder Gen. Taylor, as hospital steward. Upon being mustered out of service, he returned to Cincinnati, and resumed his former position in the drug store, where he remained until 1849, the date of his graduation in medicine. He was immediately appointed demonstrator of anatomy in the Eclectic Medical College, and retained that position during the following two Years. In the ensuing year he accepted the same position in the Western College of Homeopathy, at Cleveland, Ohio, and while filling it, attended a full course of lectures upon the Homeopathic materia medica and therapeutics. In the spring of 1852 he again returned to Cincinnati, and there resumed his professional labors. In the autumn of 1855 he purchased an interest in a Water Cure establishment at Granville, Ohio, but at the expiration of two years it proved to be a financial failure. He then moved to Yellow Springs, Ohio, and there embarked in the same business, at the end of eighteen months finding he had lost all the money invested by him in the business. In November, 1858, he returned to Cincinnati, hoping to retrieve his wasted fortunes. In the spring of 1861, after the lapse of two years and six months, his circumstances were not less straitened, and, on the outbreak of the Southern rebellion,-ho assisted in organizing two companies for the war. One of infantry could not be accepted, the other was attached to the Fifth Regiment of Ohio Cavalry Volunteers, in which company he accepted a commission as first lieutenant. As first lieutenant, and subsequently as captain, his record is wholly honorable. As acting assistant-surgeon, acting assistant-quarter-master, and acting assistant commissary, his accounts were always found to be correct. At the battle of Shiloh his company was detailed to watch the Confederate

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movements on the Federal right flank; on two occasions he assisted in cutting off railroad communications in the rear of the Rebel army at Corinth, causing the enemy to abandon that stronghold. Later he was assigned to look after the sick, and wounded. He took part, under Gen. Phil Sheridan, in the pursuit of the Confederate troops to Booneville. After the capture of Corinth, he was detailed to the surgical charge of the sick and wounded of a cavalry field hospital in that place, and retained his position there until he was commissioned captain about fifteen months later. During the battles of Iuka and Corinth, he occupied a conspicuous position in the field. During an expedition into North Alabama in December, 1862, a battalion of raw recruits, known as the First Alabama Cavalry, was found to he without a commander, and he was ordered to assume command of this undrilled rabble. On the termination of the campaign, Col. Sweeney issued a special order, commending the gallantry displayed by our subject in dislodging the command of Gen. Ruddy from a stronghold at Blue Springs, and subsequent pursuit in which these undisciplined men captured a large number of prisoners, among whom were several officers. He participated in all the battles around Chattanooga, and was with Sherman's command in his march through Georgia, and at the capture of Atlanta. At Cherokee, Ala., October 20, 1863, he commanded a cavalry charge made upon Col. Forrest's forces, driving them from the field in which he narrowly escaped death ina pistol encounter with Col. Forrest, who was shot through the thigh, and was subsequently captured.

When the period of enlistment of his regiment had expired, our subject was mustered out as captain, and at once rejoined the army as acting assistant-surgeon of the United States army, and was ordered to Louisville, to assist in the Crittenden United States General Hospital; later was ordered to Nashville, and took charge of Branch No. 16, United States General Hospital. where, out of 250 beds, the death rate had averaged from eight to ten per diem. Under his management the death rate lessened wonderfully, Dr. John McGirr, medical inspector, sending him a letter personally complimenting him on the result. attained. After the close of the war Dr. Owens returned to Cincinnati, and resumed the practice of his profession. He assisted in founding the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati, occupied the chair of anatomy in that institution two years, and subsequently was assigned to that of materia medics, and therapeutics, which he still retains. After the close of the third term of lectures he was appointed dean of the Faculty, which position he occupied during the two most successful years of the college existence. In June, 1865, he was appointed examining surgeon for pensioners for Hamilton county, and held the office four years. He is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, of the State Homeopathic Medical Society of Ohio, of the Cincinnati Homeopathic Medical Society, of the Society of Natural History, consulting physician to the Ohio Hospital for Women and Children, and of other organizations of a scientific, literary, or social character. He has written numerous articles for homeopathic journals, and is now a regular contributor to several medical journals. He is to-day one of the most energetic and able defenders of homeopathy in the State of Ohio, or elsewhere.

Dr. Owens was married May 12, 1853, to Sarah E. Wilcox, of Cincinnati, by whom he has had six children, two of whom, Harry and Gertrude, died in infancy; the other children were: Anna, born September 20, 1854, married R. W. Ransom, assistant editor of the Chicago Tribune: William, Jr., a physician, born April 23, 1857, married Miss Lulu Parker, of Home City, and died May 9, 1891; Mary E., born December 23, 1859, married Sampel C. Hooker, of London, now chief chemist Harrison's sugar refinery, of Philadelphia; Edith, born December 12, 1867, married' B. T. Rozelle, a clerk in the "Big Four" railroad office. The family are Unitarian in their religious belief; politically, the Doctor is a Republican.

636 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

DR. WILLIAM W. DAWSON is a native of Virginia, born in Berkeley county, December 19, 1828. He is one of eleven children born to John Dawson, a manufacturer, whose family were among the earliest settlers of Virginia and Maryland. The elder Dawson was a native of Pittsburgh, but early in life removed to Darkesville, W. Va., and thence, in 1830, to Greene county, Ohio.

Our subject received a good classical education, and while yet a student acquired considerable proficiency in geology, natural history, and other sciences, so that, though still a mere boy, he acquired considerable reputation as a lecturer on topics that were purely scientific. He became a student of medicine under his elder brother, the late Dr. John Dawson, an eminent professor in Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, but attended lectures in the Medical College of Ohio, where, in 1850, he graduated. For some tune after that he devoted himself to special studies in the Cincinnati Hospital, and then engaged actively in the practice of his profession. Three years after graduation, he was chosen a professor of anatomy in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, which position be held three years. From 1860 to 1864, inclusive, he occupied the chair of anatomy in the Medical College of Ohio. From 1864 to 1870, he lectured on clinical surgery in the Cincinnati hospitals, and in the last named year he was elected to fill the chair of surgery in place of the celebrated Dr. Blackman, deceased. This chair he filled with credit to himself, and to the college, until 1884, when he resigned and was succeeded by Dr. Conner. He then became a clinical lecturer, a position he still holds.

In 1869 Dr. Dawson was elected president of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and, two years later, president of the State Medical Society. In 1871 he was appointed surgeon of the Good Samaritan Hospital. During all these years the Doctor has enjoyed an almost unexampled popularity, not only among the thousands of students with whom he has come in contact, but among the men of his own profession. This was tested in 1888, when the American Medical Association met in Cincinnati, and when he was elected president, every member of the Association from Cincinnati voting for him. This was the crowning honor in Dr. Dawson's life, one of which the most unassuming of men could scarcely refrain from being proud. It was a case of a prophet being honored even in his own country. The address he delivered as the president of the association, on the occasion of the annual meeting in Providence, R. I., in 1889, was one of the events in the history of the association. The effort received the highest commendation from the fraternity at large. The literature of the medical profession has been enriched by many able articles from the pen of Dr. Dawson. Among them are papers on "Abdominal Tumors," "Hernia," "Graves Diseases," " Excision of Joints," "Removal of the Entire Clavicle." He was the author of a pamphlet on chloroform deaths, published in 1871, that attracted wide attention, not only in this country, but in Europe, where it was extensively circulated. The Edinburgh Medical Journal devoted several pages to its review. The pamphlet took the then radical position that during the war in this country there were hundreds of deaths from anaesthesia, and he sustained it too, the contemporaneous authority to the contrary notwithstanding. Another of Dr. Dawson's valuable papers was one published in 1873, nephrotomy, extraction of calculus from the kidney. In the field of surgery, the Doctor is famous for being bold, though very conservative. No surgeon is more thorough. Mrs. Dawson was Margaret Yates Hand, daughter of Dr. Joseph Hand, of Hillsboro, Ohio, and granddaughter of Gen. Edward Hand, of Revolutionary fame.

MILTON THOMPSON CAREY, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 424 W. Seventh street, Cincinnati, was born near the town of Hardin, in Shelby county, Ohio, July 22, 1831. He received all the scholastic training which was available in the town in which he was reared- At the age of eighteen he entered the office of Henry Smith Conklin, M.D., in the town of Sidney, Shelby Co., Ohio, and began the study of medicine. After three years of pupilage, and three courses of didactic

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and clinical instruction in the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati, he graduated with the highest honors of the institution in March, 1852. As a reward of merit, after a competitive examination he was appointed resident physician of The Commercial Hospital and Lunatic Asylum, which occupied the present site of the city hospital. After this term of service expired, be began the general practice of medicine and surgery in an office on Western row, now Central avenue, opposite Court street. In 1852 he was appointed attending physician to the Venereal and Contageous Hospital, which was located in Potters Field, the present site of Lincoln Park. He was elected demonstrator of anatomy to the Medical College of Ohio, in which capacity he served until the spring of 1854.

On November 6, 1856, Dr. Carey was united in marriage with Cot-Delia M. Burnet, daughter of the Rev. David S. and Mary Gano Burnet, and four children have blessed this union, viz.: Burnet, born October 21, 1857, died April 4, 1859; Mollie T., born May 8, 1860, married November 6, 1879, David T. Williams (they had two children: Carey, born February 21, 1883, died March 15, 1885; and Gayla Carey,. born January 7, 1887); Lydia K., born March 26, 1862, married William Luther Davis (they have one child: Lydia C., born September 7, 1886), and Milton T., born April 17, 1867, graduated in medicine from the Medical College of Ohio, in March, 1889, and is a general practitioner of medicine and surgery at No. 424 W. Seventh street, Cincinnati.

Dr. Milton Thompson Carey was elected coroner of Hamilton county in the fall of 1857, and served two years. At the breaking out of the Civil war, he was, November 21, 1861, appointed and commissioned surgeon of the Forty-eighth Regiment, O. V. I., and assigned to duty as post surgeon at Camp Dennison, Ohio. After organizing a Post Hospital, and assisting in the organization of several regiments be was ordered into active duty in the field. He took part in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, was captured on the first day of the battle, April 6, 1862, and retained a prisoner of war until July, 1862, at which time he was paroled and returned home. Soon after reaching home, be was ordered to Camp Chase, at Columbus, Ohio, and assigned to duty as post surgeon, in which capacity he served until October of the same year, at which time he was ordered to join the army at Fort Pickering, Tenn. ; was with the army at the assault upon Vicksburg; was likewise a participant in the battle of Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863. Ill health,. however, compelled him to resign his commission, and be once more returned home. As soon as his health was somewhat restored, he made application and received the appointment of acting assistant-surgeon United States army, and assigned to duty at Woodward Post Hospital in Cincinnati, serving until near the close of the war. In 1865 he was re-elected coroner of Hamilton county, and served two years; was elected a member of the board of directors of Longview Asylum, and after serving two terms was re-appointed to the same position by the governor of the State. He was elected to the common council in 1872, and served two years; was elected a . member of the board of education in 1880-82. As an evidence of his success in his profession, there are but few medical men in Cincinnati who have been more successful in a financial point of view than he-beginning poor, yet by energy and industry his investments yielding him a competency. As a medical officer in the army the Doctor attained some distinction as an operator [See reports on file in the Medical Department, U. S. A., Circular No. 2, Page 23; Surgeon-General's Office at Washington, D.C.]. Likewise, to show the esteem in which he was held by the men and fellow-officers of his regiment, resolutions of sympathy for him in his illness are on record, as follows:

HEADQUARTERS MEDICAL DEPARTMENT,

TENTH DIVISION, THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS,

MARCH, 1863.

WHEREAS, the resignation on account of ill health of Milton T. Carey, Surgeon Forty-eighth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Senior Surgeon and Medical Director Tenth Division,, Thirteenth Army Corps, has been accepted, and he is about to return from the hardships and

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exposures of a soldier's life to home and friends: We, the undersigned medical officers of the Tenth Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, deploring the necessity which has deprived us of a much-esteemed friend and fellow-officer, do resolve : (I) That during Surgeon Carey's long association with us in camp and field, he has, by his professional skill, his kind and courteous manner and gentlemanly bearing, won our highest respect as a surgeon and our highest regards as a friend and associate. (II) That in our relations both professional and social we have always found in him the faithful and obliging officer, the high-toned and polished gentleman, and the sincere and true friend. (III) That his professional attainments as exhibited by his success on the field of battle and among the sick in camp and hospital, demand from us our highest regards as talents found only in those who have devoted their whole lives to the acquisition of medical and surgical knowledge, and it is with sincere regret that we part with such a skillful guide. ,(IV) That we sympathize with the Doctor in this affliction which deprives the army of the Mississippi of one of its best surgeons, and we trust that a kind and beneficent Providence may restore him to his wonted health. (Signed by the Medical officers of the Tenth Division of the Thirteenth Army Corps).

To the Medical Officers Tenth Division, Thirteenth Army COrpl, Army of the Miss.

GENTLEMEN: The sentiment expressed in your communication of this day is highly gratifying to me, and serves to buoy me up in this hour of sore affliction. Greatly prostrated from protracted disease, and depressed by a consciousness of there being but little hope of recovery, or at least of ever being able to resume my duties in the service of my country, these expressions cone to me at this special time in tones of tender sympathy, and are calculated to remove from my present condition a part of its gloom and despondency. In taking my leave of you I do it with feeling of deep regret. Our association together has been of the most pleasant character, although we have been called upon to endure hardships and have suffered great privations, yet they have been met cheerfully and without complaint, I now return you my sincere thanks for your willing co-operation with me in taking care of the sick and wounded of this command. It is due to your constant and self-sacrificing care and watchfulness that the sufferings of the sick in hospital, and the wounded and dying on the battle field have been greatly mitigated. As a matter for your encouragement I will say that whether I and ever sufficiently restored to health or not to allow me to re-enter the services, I am determined to spend the remnant of my days in the defense of my country. Your positions in the army are onerous and honorable, act well your part, as I know you will, and your just reward will surely come. Yours with sincere regards, M. T. CAREY.

Cephas Carey, father of Milton T. Carey, and eon of Ezera, a direct descendant .of John Carey, a Plymouth pilgrim, was born in New Jersey, June 5, 1776. He accompanied his parents, when a child, to western Pennsylvania, and thence to Ohio in 1790, stopping for a time on the Ohio river near Wheeling, thence to Losantiville (now Cincinnati), thence with a few settlers to the Northwest Territory, then a vast wilderness, where they were compelled to live in blockhouses owing to roving bands of unfriendly or hostile Indians. He assisted in furnishing supphes to Gen. Wayne's army while on its march to the lakes of the north. In 1800 he was elected justice of the peace; in 1803 he was commissioned a captain of militia. In the same year he married Jane Thompson, who was likewise born in New Jersey, and moved to the Nest fork of Turtle creek, a tributary of the Great Miami in Shelby county, Ohio. He visited Cincinnati when there were but two or three log cabins, and made two or three trips to New Orleans on flatboats with produce, returning by way of New York City, there being no direct land communication south of the Ohio river. In the course of six or eight years following the successful march of the United States artily against the British and their alhes, the country filled up rapidly and civilization pushed forward with rapid strides. But while the young nation was thus growing rapidly, and everything was bright and joyous, and high hopes of the future were entertained, his devoted companion was torn from him by the unrelenting hand of death, leaving him with eight motherless children. After the lapse of two years he married Mrs. Rhoda Gerrard, nee. Rhoda Hathaway, whose father and mother, Abram and Salhe Hathaway, were of Scotch descent, and whose husband had been killed by a roving band of Indians. She likewise bore Mr. Carey eight children six sons and two daughters-and all the sixteen children lived to be adults. The result was that at his death, March 13, 1868, when he was at the advanced age of nicety-four, he had sixteen children, eighty-eight grandchildren, fifty-four great-

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grandchildren, and ten great-great-grandchildren, making in all one hundred and sixty-eight direct descendants. In religious views he was a Protestant. Politically he was no partisan, but subscribed to the doctrine as taught by the Republican party.

COLUMBUS PEYTON BRENT, physician, office and residence NO. 133 West Eighth street, Cincinnati, was born in Cincinnati, November 23, 1833, a son of William Addison and Jennette (Lewis) Brent, the former born in Virginia, in 1802, the latter in Connecticut, in 1807, William Addison Brent was educated in the Virginia grammar schools, emigrated to West Virginia, and located in the Kanawha Valley, where for five years he was a successful school-teacher, in the meantime marrying his pupil. Jennette Lewis, whose family had also emigrated from the Connecticut home, and located in the same valley. In 1829 Mr. Brent and family removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he entered into the service Of a new Cincinnati enterprise, a chemical laboratory, in which service he remained, becoming a practical chemist. He finally finished his business career as a manufacturer of plumbers' goods and materials. He died January 23, 1846; his wife lived to be seventy-seven years Of age, and died in June, 1884.

William Brent was a son of Thomas H. and Hannah Brent, Of Virginia. The Brent family are of Norman ancestry. It was through the marriage of William Brent, a younger son of Sir John Brent, Lord of Stoke, and Mary, daughter Of Sir John Peyton, of Donnington, Isle of Ely, with Hannah, daughter of Hugh Ennis, Of Edinburgh, Scotland, that two sons were born, One of whom entered clerical service of the Established Church of England. The other son and some sisters emigrated to America, joining their fortunes with colonial societies of Maryland and Virginia. One of the female descendants, Margaret Brent, of Maryland. was the first woman to claim a right to vote in America. When Leonard Calvert, brother of Lord Baltimore, and provincial governor of Maryland, died, he had not time to write a will, but said to Margaret Brent. "Take all and pay all," having a private conference with her, and she receiving his dying words. As Lord Calvert was the agent of Lord Baltimore, she claimed control of all rents, profits, etc., of Lord Baltimore, the court confirming her in this position. So she claimed the right to vote in the Assembly as representative of Lord Calvert and Lord Baltimore. She became a stanch Catholic, and founded the first convent in the colonies at Baltimore," The Visitation of Baltimore;" she was superioress, and died there. On the records of the Maryland Historical Society the following appears, from a paper by Mr. Thomas: "Margaret Brent, the first woman in America to claim the right to vote." The history of the male members of the Brent family is clearly established; they were fond of country gentlemen's life, while many of them became lawyers, some physicians, all were wedded to rural life and pleasure. and not until very late in the family history did any of them leave Maryland and Virginia. But few of the main descendants by name of Brent are living at this date. Gen. Eppa Henton, of Washington, D. C.. the present United States senator of old Virginia, is a lineal descendant; his mother's maiden name was Eppa Brent.

Dr. C. P. Brent was educated in the Cincinnati public schools, and graduated from the old Woodward College in 1861. He studied medicine with his uncle. Dr. A. C. Lewis, of Winchester, Ohio, and graduated from the Miami Medical College, Cincinnati, in 1854. In that city he opened an office, and has always been and is now a general practitioner of medicine. He is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society, and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; has been a member of the National Medical Association, a member of the Cincinnati board of education; lecturer on chemistry in the Miami College. Cincinnati; resident physician of St. John's Hospital; a member of the Medical Staff of St. Luke's Hospital, also of Christ's Hospital, and physician to the Hamilton County Jail. While resident physician to St. John's Hospital, he prepared reports and reviews of hospital cases that were published in the Western Medical Lancet. Dr. Brent is a member Of the Loyal Legion, the

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Grand Army of the Republic, and of the F. & A. M., of which latter order many of his forefathers were also members, some of them holding honorable and distinguished positions in that society. Dr. Brent was married, in 1857, to Annie Elizabeth Dale, daughter of Benjamin T. and Deborah Dale, both of American parentage, the father born in Delaware, the mother in Virginia. Their daughters, Annie Dale and Laura Peyton, reside at the homestead, occupied in the study of music and in household duties. As were all the Brents, the Doctor was reared in the Episcopal Church; his wife's training was in the Methodist Church, but all the members of the family are now communicants in the Presbyterian Church. The Doctor's preference for denominational differences is not very exacting, having respect and regard for all methods of religious worship and belief. Dr. Brent was in military Service for nearly four years, was commissioned and mustered into United States service as surgeon of the Fifty-fourth O. V. I., was surgeon of Post at Camp Dennison for five months. He accompanied his regiment to the army commanded by Gen. Sherman. with which he served until the end of the war. During that service he was also acting brigade surgeon. then surgeon in charge of the Second Division Hospital Fifteenth Army Corps; then acting division surgeon, and finally, by an act of Congress, was retained in service as a surgeon, and held the same position until close of the war. Politically he was reared in the atmosphere of old Virginian Jeffersonian doctrines; but as the encroachment of the institution of slavery became aggressive and persistent, the Republican party purposes seemed to him to be the most practicable way out of the miserable predicament, and therefore he became its supporter, and always remained with it.

DANA WARREN HARTSHORN, physician and surgeon, office on Ninth Street, and residence in Avondale, was born at Walpole, Mass., August 1, 1827, Son of Ebenezer and Polly (Smith) Hartshorn, both of English descent. The father, who was a millwright and farmer, died in 1855, followed by the mother in July, 1859. Of their eight children, only two survive: Elbridge G. Hartshorn, of San Francisco, and Dana Warren.

The subject of this sketch received his literary education in the common schools and academies at Wrentham and Wilbraham, near Springfield, Mass., graduated from the Medical Department of Harvard College, March 4, 1854, and began practice at Dedham in his native State. There he remained until 1857, when he migrated to Urbana, Ohio. In 1861 be was appointed surgeon for United States Volunteers, and began service on September 4, in the army of the Tennessee. For more than one year he was on Gen. Sherman's staff as medical director, and for some time was assistant medical director under Gen. Grant. Dr. Hartshorn organized Gayosa Hospital at Memphis, Tenn., in 1862, tinder the direction of the United States government, and had charge of the same for three months. He resigned his position in the army because of physical disability, and began practice in Cincinnati in 1864. From 1872 to 1891 he filled the chair of professor of anatomy and surgery in Pulte Medical College, gave instructions in other special branches, and served as dean of that institution for one year. The Doctor is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, and the Ohio State Medical Society. He is a Republican, and served as a member of the pension board of Hamilton county during President Harrison's administration. He belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic. the Army of the Tennessee, and the Loyal Legion. Dr. Hartshorn was married March 28, 1858, to Mary Abigail Knight, daughter of Robert and Eunice (Wight) Knight. The Wights were originally from the Isle of Wight. Dr. and Mrs. Hartshorn have one Son, Dana Warren Hartshorn, who is pursuing a classical course at Woodward High School.

THADDEUS ASBURY REAMY, M. D., LL.D., was born in Frederick Co., Va.. April 28, 1829. His father, Jacob A. Reamy, also born in Virginia, was of French descent. His mother, Mary W. Reamy, was of Scotch and English descent. The

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family migrated to Ohio in 1832, when the subject of this sketch was but, three years old, settling on a farm in Muskingum county, ten miles from Zanesville. Here, in the same house into which they moved in 1832, the father died in 1871, aged eighty years, and the mother ten years later, aged eighty-one. Ten children were reared to manhood and womanhood-three sons (of whom the subject of this sketch is the eldest) and seven daughters; two sons and five daughters are yet (1893) living.

Dr. Reamy worked on the farm until near manhood, attending winter sessions of the country school. He also taught school. He received the degree of A. M. from the Ohio Wesleyan University, and the degree of M. D. from Starling Medical College. In September, 1853, he was married to Miss Sarah A. Chappelear, and two years subsequently a daughter was born to them, who lived to be a beautiful woman of lovely character. but died in Cincinnati at the age of twenty-one years. Dr. Reamy practiced his profession in the village of Mt. Sterling, where had been part of his pupilage for nine years. He practiced in Zanesville, Ohio, eight years, coming to Cincinnati in February, 1871, where he has continued in active practice. In 1858 he was elected professor of materia medica and therapeutics in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, which position he held two years. In 1860-61-62-63 he served in the General Assembly of Ohio, to which office he was elected from Muskingum county. In 1861, having passed his examination, he was commissioned as surgeon of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment, O. V. I., going to the field, where he, however, remained but six months, being ordered by the Secretary of War to report to the governor of Ohio that he might take his seat in the General Assembly. During the year 1863 he served as surgeon of the provost-marshal's district, composed of Muskingum, Knox, Coshocton and Licking counties, with headquarters at Newark, Ohio. In 1863 he was elected professor of diseases of women in Starling Medical College, Columbus, which position he filled until 1871, when, having removed to Cincinnati, he resigned it to accept the chair of obstetrics, clinical midwifery and diseases of children in the Medical College of Ohio. In 1869 he went abroad and studied in the hospitals of London, Paris and Dublin. In 1888 he resigned the chair in the Medical College of Ohio to accept in the same institution the chair of clinical gynecology, which position he now holds. He is gynecologist to the Good Samaritan Hospital and to the Cincinnati Hospital. On the staff of the former he has done continuous service for twenty-two years; on the staff of the latter six years. In the amphitheatres of these institutions he delivers clinical lectures to crowds of enthusiastic students. He is surgeon to the Woman's Hosipital and consulting gynecologist to Christ's Hospital. In 1890 the degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by Cornell College.

Dr. Reamy has led a most active and industrious life. In addition to a most extensive practice it will be seen that he has been engaged in professional work almost continuously for thirty-four years. Besides, he has been a liberal contributor to current medical literature. His best productions are to be found in the "American Journal of Obstetrics;" "The Medical News," Philadelphia; "The Cincinnati Clinic;" "The Lancet and Clinic;" "Transactions of the Ohio State Medical Society;" "Transactions of the American Medical Association;" "Transactions of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Society;" "Transactions of the American Gynecological Society," and others. He is a member or otherwise of the following medical societies and associations : The American Medical Association; the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Society; member and ex-president of the Ohio State Medical Society; fellow and ex-president of the American Gynecological Society; member and ex-president of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; member and ex-president of the Cincinnati Obstetrical Society; fellow of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Philadelphia; corresponding member of the Boston Gynecological Society, and of the Detroit Academy of Mcdi-

642 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

cine. During the past five years he has not engaged in general practice, confining himself exclusively to the medical and surgical diseases of women, in which department he enjoys a national reputation. Dr. Reamy is a man of splendid physique, and he enjoys excellent health. Though now (1893) sixty-four years of age he is as active, mentally and physically, as men usually are at fifty. He resides with his family, consisting of his wife and two nieces, on Oak street, Walnut Hills, near his private hospital. He is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, of the F. & A. M., and of the Methodist Episcopal Church-

HENRY CUNDELL JULER, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 119 Garfield place, Eighth street., Cincinnati, was born at Wymondham, Norfolk, England. His father, William Fox Juler, was head master of the Norwich Classical Academy, and his mother, Mary (Allisstone) Juler, horn March 1, 1794, died October 21, 1877, was the only daughter of Richard Allisstone, who was an officer of cavalry of Exeter, Devonshire, and Catherine (Roan) Allisstone, the only daughter of Richard Roan, Esq., of the Manor of Lea, owner of the Lea estate at Hoddesdon, near London.

In the year 1685, when the despicable Louis XIV of France revoked the Edict of Nantes, among the five hundred thousand Protestants whom his acts drove from their country was John Juler, a goldsmith and diamond merchant. He crossed the German ocean to England with his family, and located at North Walsham, a town five miles from the seashore. Here he bought, land, built houses, and continued to deal in the precious metals. He had erected a barn-like conventicle, where his people worshiped under the name of Independents. His girls shared equally with his boys in the highest education the neighborhood afforded. For many years the French family of North Walsham, Norfolk, was known along the seacoast, from Great Yarmouth to Cromer. His descendant, John Juler, married Hannah Dybell, and had three sons, named James, John and Matthew, respectively. John was born January 14, 1750, and died March 20, 1825. He Married Sarah, the daughter of Sir John Lubbock, of Lamas, Norfolk, and had issue four ions and three daughters, named respectively: James; Henry; George; William Fox, father of our subject; Sarah; Mary and Elizabeth. This family of Norfolk Huguenots was remarkable, as compared with the rest of the townspeople, for the politeness of their manners, the simplicity but costly nature of their attire, as well as for their hospitality.

Our subject was born June 24, 1827, and at. the death of his father, January 16. 1843, when the son was but sixteen years of age, had already decided to devote his life to medicine and surgery. On August 24, 1845, William, eldest brother of Henry, was drowned while bathing; he had been adopted by an uncle, and after his demise, Henry went to live with this uncle. Here he began in earnest his medical studies, and by the advice of Mr. Barcham, executor of his grandfather's estate, was sent to London for this purpose, where he graduated and began the practice of his chosen profession. In 1853, be became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons, England, and received the official appointment as surgeon assistant to the Aberdeen (Scotland) Infirmary. This brought him the friendship of such men as William Keith, the lithotomist; William Pirrie, the author of "Principles of Surgery;" Prof. Blackie: Bishop Skinner, and other prominent men. In 1854 he became a Licentiate in Midwifery of London; Doctor of Medicine of the University of Aberdeen in 1855; as well as Licentiate of the Apothecaries Hall in 1856. On the eve of being elected house surgeon to the Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital, by the retirement of W. Best, sickness enforced his retirement from London. As he recovered his health, patients sought his assistance, and he commenced practice at Isleham, Cambridgeshire. He there married Caroline Robins, the only daughter of Richard Robins, Esq. He was at once made surgeon of the Newmarket Union; public vaccinator, as well as surgeon to four mutual benefit organizations, bearing

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different names. William Beaven, a surgeon, was employed to assist him in his practice, which often called him from home. In 1858, his uncle, George Juler, died aged seventy-five leaving to him his real, as well as his personal, estate. With his newly-acquired wealth, the Doctor temporarily withdrew from practice, leased his house, and sold his practice to Mr. Metcalf. Having become tired of travel and idleness, he returned to England, purchased the practice of Dr. Timms, and bought the lease of the house near Hyde Park. In this manner, he was at once introduced to fashionable life, and to a rich class of patients. He was elected a Fellow of the London Obstetrical Society; a Fellow of the London Medical Society, as well as of the Harveian Society. He is also a member of the British Medical Association. He became governor of St. Mary's Hospital, as well as a member of the Medical School, and Dispensary Committees. He was thus brought into close association with students, as well as the physicians and surgeons of the various hospitals in London. In council he encountered Archbishop Tait; Duke of Westminster; Duke of Hamilton and Richmond, and Sergeant Gazeley, M. P. for Plymouth. At this time, the Prince of Wales laid the foundation stone of the new wing of St. Mary's Hospital, and Dr. Juler was selected as one of the reception committee. On this same occasion, his son Henry E., now ophthalmic surgeon to this institution, as well as surgeon to the Royal Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital, London, was one of the stewards.

In politics Dr. Juler followed the Whig traditions of his father's family, and, in religion, affiliated with the Congregationalists. Dr. Juler had become acquainted in Paris with Drs. Sims and Pratt, of New York, and from their description of America, he was seized with a strong desire to visit the " land of the free." He soon sailed for New York, where he was met by Dr. Sims, and introduced to many of the leading physicians of that great city. Here he remained a short time, and then went to Philadelphia, where he opened an office, and a little later came to Cincinnati, where he has since resided. Here he quickly built around him a lucrative practice, and his wife soon joined him. Some years later she visited England, where she contracted pneumonia and died.

Dr. Juler has been president of the Covington and Newport Medical society; chairman of the committee of cutaneous diseases of the Academy of Medicine: is a member of the American Medical Association, and a registered medical practitioner of Great Britain, Certificate No. 793. Among his medical contributions were the following: `` Epithelioma." January, Cincinnati, 1871, Morphia and Arsenic, in the treatment, of Asiatic Cholera," Cincinnati, January, 1872. "Case of Cheloid Simulating Molluscum Fibrosum," with illustrations, Brit. Med. Journal, 1874. He graduated in January, 1875, in the Cincinnati Law College, and was admitted to practice at the Bar, flying to the knowledge of law as a means of defense against those who were despoiling him of his property. He purchased au estate at Madeira, a few miles from town, where his friend and pupil, Dr. William Knight, professor of anatomy and oral surgery, has built for himself an elegant country residence. During his visit to London, on the marriage of the daughter of the Prince of Wales, among other invitations which he accepted was one to a conversazione given at the Royal College of Surgeons of England. June 12, 1879; as well as an invitation from La Municipalite do Paris to a reception at the Hotel de Ville. Having access to many hospitals, and being invited to many outdoor as well as indoor entertainments by medical men, he contributed a series of letters under the sobriquet " Chit Chat," bearing upon what he had seen, for the amusement of his friends at home. In politics he is a Republican.

SAMUEL B. TOMLINSON, physician, office No. 38 Everett street, residence, Price Hill, Cincinnati, was born in Philadelphia January 11, 1829. He is a soft of Samuel and Rebecca (Biddle) Tomlinson, the former born in Bridgeton, N. J., March 12, 1793, and died at the home of his son, Dr. Tomlinson, March 31, 1878.

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Rebecca Biddle was born in New Jersey in 1794, and died in Cincinnati, in 1834. Samuel Tomlinson was a son of Samuel and Ann (Garrison) Tomlinson. the former born in Frankfort, Penn., February 16, 1762, the date of his death not being riven: the latter born December 1, 1761, and died March 15, 1824. This Samuel Tomlinson was a son of Heut. James and Barbara (Brown) Tomlinson, the former born in New York in 1735. and died May 31, 1811. Lieut. James Tomlinson was a descendant in the eighth generation of Henry and Alice Tomlinson, who with three children came to America from Derby, Derbyshire, England, in 1652, and settled in Milford, Conn. He removed to Stratford, Conn., where be died March 16, 1681, and was buried in the cemetery adjoining the first Mooting House in Connecticut at " Sandy Hollow." This gentleman brought from England a copy of the Tomlinson coat of arms painted in colors according to the rules of heraldry, which is still preserved in the Tomlinson family, and a description of which, according to "Burke's Heraldry" London, England, is as follows: "Tomblinson Sa. a fesse between three falcons or Crest--a griffin's head issuant out of a ducal coronet, or."

Governor Gideon Tomlinson, " Sixth generation in America," had also a copy of the original coat of arms of this Tomlinson family. He was a son of Jabez H. (Fifth generation), a son of Captain Gideon (Fourth generation, be a son of Zechariah, Third generation, son of Agar, Second generation, son of Henry, First generation) and Rebecca (Lewis) Tomlinson; was graduated at. Yale College in 1802. He married Sarah Bradley, of Greenfield Hill, in Fairfield county, Conn., where he resided. He was elected member of the House of Representatives in his State for May, 1817; the next October was chosen clerk of the same, and the next May was made speaker of the House, which position he held two sessions. He was then elected member of the House of Representatives of the United States for two years, and re-elected in 1821 and 1825, serving eight years in that body, being speaker of the House a part of the time. In 1827 he was elected governor of the State of Connecticut, which office he held until he was elected, by the legislature in 1831, a senator of the United States, in which position he remained six years. His portrait is now in Corcoran Gallery, in Washington, D. C. This Tomlinson family is one of the oldest in England as records on the old church register show, a few of which we give: From the register of St, Peter's Church, Cornhill, London, England, " 1572, October 10, Friday, Christening of Alice Tomlinson, daughter of Mathew." Register of St. Dionis, Backchurch, London, England, " 1555, September 20, Buried William Tomlinson." " 1585-6 February 7, Married Thomas Tomlyson, of St. Margarets in new Fysh street and Ame More of this par." "1611, May 13, Baptized Richard Tomlinson, son of John Tomlinson." Register of St. Antholin, Hudge Row, London, England. "1572, October 20, William Tomlinson married Mary Shingle." " 1616, June 20, Thomas and Ann Tomlins, alias Tomlinson, and daughter of John and Joan Tomlins, alias Tomlinson." Register of St. James, Clerkenwell, London, England. "1602, March 10, Baptized Susan, daughter of Antonio Tomlinson." " 1637, August, 24, George Tomlinson and Jane Jones were licensed to be married." From the Book of Dignities of the British Empire we find the Tomlinsons of England have held high political, military and Ecclesiastical positions, a few of the entries in which book we give: First tinder the head of Commissioners: "1655 Hy. Cromwell Commissioner in chief of the army; Mathew Tomlinson, for Ireland, Miles Corbet, Robert Goodwin, to whom afterwards was added William Steele, Commissioners of the Army." Under the head of Admirals, as follows: Nicholas Tomlinson died in 1847. He was appointed Rear Admiral in 1830." Under the head of Bishops: " 1842 George Tomlinson was constituted by Letters Patent Bishop of Gibraltar; the Bishopric including Gibraltar and Malta." Under the entries of Members of Parliament: " Tomlinson. William Edward Murray, Esq, of Heysham House, Lancashire; eldest son of the late Thomas Tomlinson Esq., Queen's Counsel, of Heysham House, a bencher of the Inner Temple,

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by Sarah only child of the late Rev. Roger Mashiter of Bolton .C-Sands, County Lancaster, an incumbent of St. Paul's Manchester, born 1838. Educated at Westminster ch. Ch. Oxford B.A. 1859 M.A. 1862; called to the Bar at the Inner Temple 1865; is Captain First Volunteer Batt. Royal N. Lancashire Regt. Elected M.P. for Preston 1882."

Dr. Samuel B. Tomlinson, the subject proper of this sketch, is the fifth in order of birth in a family of six children. He received his early education at College Hill, and studied medicine under Prof. Thomas Wood, of the Ohio Medical College of Cincinnati, where he graduated in 1855. One year after his graduation he began the practice of his profession from his present office. Ho has been assistant anatomist in his alma mater, and member of the Cincinnati Medical Society. Dr. Tomlinson was married July 9, 1869, to Miss Athelia M.. daughter of Ebenezer and Sarah Spencer, of Cincinnati. Mr. Spencer was on the editorial staff of the Cincinnati Daily Times for the last twenty-five years of his life. A bridal tour of one .year was taken by the Doctor and his wife over the continent of Europe, and the West Indies. This union has been blessed with four children: Fannie Spencer, born July 4, 1870, died March 2, 1876: Sadie Rebecca, born October 31, 1871, died January 25, 1877; Fannie May, born May 9, 1876, and Samuel Spencer, born September 10, 1878. Dr. Tomlinson, wife, and family are members of the Westminster Presbyterian Church of Price Hill, Cincinnati. Mrs. Tomlinson is gifted with considerable literary talent, being the author of an illustrated book of poems: "Summerland and Other Poems." She writes for journals in Cincinnati, New York, and Pittsburgh. During the first years of the war, Dr. Tomlinson was surgeon to many encampments of soldiers in the vicinity of Cincinnati, making daily rounds with his staff over the Kentucky hills. He was also with the cavalry that followed the Morgan raid through Ohio. Dr. Tomlinson is a member of the A. O. U. W. ; politically he is in sympathy with the Republican party.

W. H. TAYLOR, M. D., president of the Cincinnati Medical Society, vicepresident of medical staff of Cincinnati Hospital, and professor of obstetrics in Miami Medical College. was born in Cincinnati in 1836. His great-grandfather carne to Cincinnati in 1813. His grandfather was a physician, and his father was a prominent man, who was killed in the great fire in Cincinnati in 1843. The Doctor graduated in the Ohio Medical College in 1858; became a resident physician in 1860; was made a member of medical staff of the hospital in 1866; professor of Materia Medica, at the same time vice-president of medical staff in the hospital in 1879. He was president of the Cincinnati Medical Society in 1880.

ROBERT CAPLES LONGFELLOW. Physician and surgeon, office No. 21 Clark street, Cincinnati, was born in Quincy, Logan Co., Ohio, January 12, 1862, a son of Aaron J. and Elizabeth (Caples) Longfellow, the former born at Spring Hills, Logan Co., Ohio, September 3, 1833, the latter at Jeromeville, Ashland Co., same State. July 6, 1830. Aaron J. Longfellow graduated in 1854 from the Ohio Wesleyan University, engaged for a time as teacher, studied medicine at Bellefontaine, matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio in 1856, and graduated from said college in the spring of 1860. Opening an office for the practice of his profession at Quincy, Ohio, he soon afterward was united in marriage to Elizabeth Caples. In March.1862, he moved to Fostoria, Ohio, and entered into partnership with Drs. Caples and Hale, his brother-in-law and nephew. After one year he withdrew from this practice, and opened an office on Main street, near North, where he enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. He is trustee of the First Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been a teacher in its Sabbath-school for some forty years. The Doctor has been a liberal giver to all Church departments, and his home, in every way, a model Christian household. He is a firm Prohibitionist in principles, yet, coming from a noted Whig family, has always voted for the Republican party. The fall of life now finds Dr. Longfellow somewhat broken in health, allowing him to attend only to a small prac-

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tice among lifelong patients, and to his real estate, rents, etc., being surrounded by the results of a happy and useful life.

Aaron J. Longfellow is a son of Joseph and Annie (Sullivan) Longfellow, the former a native of Kentucky, the latter of Ohio. Joseph Longfellow's father was a native of Maine, ant came from Maryland to Ohio, settling in Champaign county, early in the history of this State. His family as well as his posterity have been active workers in the Methodist church. Mr, Caples, maternal grandfather of our subject, was a lawyer, coming to Ohio in its infancy, and locating at Jeromeville. In 1832 he moved his growing family to the woods where now stands the city of Fostoria. Here in 1833 he built with logs the first Methodist church in that part of Seneca county. During that year the cholera epidemic swept through that colony, and his funeral service was the first held in his not quite finished church.

Dr. R. C. Longfellow, the subject proper of this sketch, received his early education at the public schools of Fostoria, Fostoria Normal School, and the Ohio Wesleyan University. He studied medicine under his father, graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in the spring of 1887, and opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 115 West Ninth street. Dr. Longfellow is a general practitioner. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association. In 1888 to 1889 he was the clinical lecturer on synaecology at the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and in 1889 was elected professor of dermatology and syphilology, which chair he held in the same college for three years. The Doctor is a frequent contributor to the Cincinnati Lancet-Clinic, and has prepared, and read before the societies of which he is a member, many papers on skin diseases. He is a member of the Royal Arcanum, and has been Medical Examiner to Ivanhoe Council No. 284, Cincinnati, for the past four years. He is a supporter and regular attendant of the Methodist Church, and is an ardent member of the Republican party. Dr. Longfellow was married November 8, 1893, to Miss Minnie Bertrand, of Put-in-Bay, Ohio.

AUGUSTUS E. HOELTGE, physician and Burgeon, office and residence, No. 322 Linn street, Cincinnati, was born in Hanover, Germany, January 17, 1837, son of Frederick William and Dorothea (Meyer) Hoeltge. Dr. Hoeltge received his general education it) private schools and colleges of Germany and America, studied medicine under the late Dr. John Davis, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in the spring of 1860. serving one year as interne at the old Commercial Hospital, after which he entered the army as surgeon in the Forty-seventh Ohio Regiment, where he served two years. He then opened an office in Cincinnati for the practice of his profession, and has remained in general practice ever since. Dr. Hoeltge was married November 8, 1860, to Miss Lou E. Armstrong, daughter of Sanford Armstrong, of Rising Sun, Indiana. This union has been blessed with one daughter, Vonie May, born June 10, 1865, now Mrs. Carl Hauser, of New York City. The Doctor is a member of the American Medical Association, the Ohio State Medical Society, and the Academy of Medicine. He is a member of the A. A. A. S., and the German Literary Club of Cincinnati; of Thomas Post No. 13, G.A.R., and belongs to the Loyal Legion.

STEPHEN COOPER AYRES, M. D., office No. 61 W. Seventh street. Cincinnati, was born in Troy, Miami county, Ohio. In 1842 his parents moved to Fort Wayne, Indiana. In that State his father, Dr. H. P. Ayres, was an active and successful practitioner for nearly thirty-three years. He was a valuable contributor to the Indiana medical journals, president of the State Medical Society, and a member of the American Medical Association.

S. C. Ayres spent his boyhood in Fort Wayne, and received his high-school education there. He next matriculated at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, and graduated from that institution in 1861. With a number of fellow students young Ayres enlisted at the beginning of the Civil war in the company of O. J. Dodds, Twentieth O. V. I., and served in West Virginia until the end of his term of enlistment.

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On returning home the young soldier was prostrated by typhoid fever, which for a time debarred him from further active duty. In 1862-63 he attended lectures at the Medical College of Ohio, and in the spring of 1863 was appointed acting medical cadet of the United States Army, entering upon his first service in that capacity at Hospital No. 8, Louisville. In 1864 he graduated at the Medical College of Ohio, and accepted an appointment as acting assistant surgeon, United States Army, in the Cumberland Hospital, Nashville, Tenn., serving there one year. He then passed a successful examination before the Medical Examining Board of the Army, and received his commission as assistant-surgeon of United States Volunteers. Dr. Ayres was next assigned to duty in New Orleans, and was placed in charge of Barracks (U. S. A.) Hospital. remaining there until he was honorably mustered out of service in February. 1866. In recognition of his faithful and efficient services he was, when mustered out, given the brevet rank of captain. In September, 1866, Dr. Ayres became a pupil of Dr. E. Williams, of Cincinnati, one of the best-known ophthalmologists of his time, and under hind supplemented his large and varied experience in army and hospital practice by making a thorough study of diseases of the eye and ear. He entered into practice at Fort Wayne in 1867. In 1870 he went abroad, and studied in the Eye and Ear Clinics of London and Vienna. Returning to Cincinnati, he formed a partnership with his old preceptor, Dr. Williams, which continued until Dr. Ayres assumed the practice for himself, He served many years as oculist on the staff of the Cincinnati Hospital, from which he resigned in 1883. He is a frequent and valued contributor to medical journals devoted to diseases of the eve and ear, and during his long and successful practice he has been a working member of the State and general medical societies, among which he stands high in his chosen line of the profession. Dr. Ayres was chairman of the section of ophthalmology at the meeting of the American Medical Association at Nashville, Tenn., in May, 1890. Dr. Ayres is a member of the Loyal Legion, United States Commandery of the State of Ohio, and of George H. Thomas Post, Grand Army of the Republic. He is also a member of the Literary Club of Cincinnati, an organization which has numbered among its members men such as R. B. Hayes. Alphonso Taft, M. F. Force and Stanley Matthews. He is not only a skillful and conscientious physician and surgeon, but a good citizen in all the relations of life. He has been a diligent and discriminating student, not only in matters relating to medicine and ophthalmology, his chosen branches, but of much that enlarges general knowledge. He is oculist to the St. Mary's Hospital and the Episcopal Hospital for children; and is professor of ophthalmology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery. The Doctor is a man of sound judgment, good and retentive memory and quick perceptions', and has a fine faculty for making his general store of knowledge and experience available. He is kindly and affable in his manners, and as a rule readily attracts and retain, the esteem and confidence of those with whom he comes in contact. His practice brings patients to Cincinnati from all over this and adjoining States. and there are few practitioners who number more friends among their list of patients than he-a fact due to innate gentleness of manner and conscientious work, extending through many years. Dr. Ayres was married in October, 1873, to Miss Louise, eldest daughter of the late S. B. W. McLean, an old and prominent citizen of Cincinnati for many years.

DR. PHINEAS SANBORN CONNER was born at West Chester, Penn., August 23, 1839. When two years old his parents removed to Camden county, North Carolina, and three years later to Cincinnati. In 1855 he entered Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H., and graduated in July. 1859. Twenty-five years later the college conferred on him the honorary degree of LL. D. Attending lectures at the Medical College of Ohio during the session of 1858-59, and at Jefferson Medical College in 1860-61, he received the degree of M. D. from the latter institution in March, 1861. Eighteen months of his student life were spent at the Retreat for the Insane at Hartford,

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Conn., where he served as apothecary and acting assistant physician. For six months after graduation he was in New York attending hospitals, and in November, 1861, having passed the Army Medical Board, he was assigned to duty as acting assistant-surgeon United States Army at Columbian Hospital, Washington, being commissioned assistant-surgeon United States Army in April, 1862. In August, 1866, he resigned, having served in Washington, in the Department of the Gulf, at Fort Columbus (New York Harbor) and in the Department, of North Carolina. He was brevetted captain and major United States Army for " faithful and meritorious services during the war." Settling in Cincinnati, he was soon after appointed professor of surgery in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and a year later professor of chemistry in the Medical College of Ohio. In 1869 he was transferred to the chair of surgical anatomy, later to that of anatomy, and, in 1887. to the chair of surgery. In 1878 he was made professor of surgery in the Dartmouth Medical School and still retains his chair there, delivering his lectures during the summer. He has for over twenty years been on the staff of the Good Samaritan Hospital, and, since 1874, on that of the Cincinnati Hospital. He is a member of many local and national medical societies, and has been president of the American Surgical Association, of the American Academy of Medicine, of the Ohio State Medical Society, and of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine.

AARON MERGER BROWN, physician and surgeon, office No. 430 West Eighth street, residence Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, was born at Milford, Clermont Co., Ohio, August 3, 1838, a son of the late Thomas Mercer and Selina Maria (Williams) Brown, the former a native of Anderson township, Hamilton Co., Ohio, the latter of Morristown, Penn. Thomas Mercer Brown was the youngest of two children, his brother, Nope Mercer Brown, having like himself been one of the earher students and graduates of the Ohio Medical College. The parents of Dr. Thomas Brown were of the first colony which founded Columbia, at the mouth of the Little Miami river, November 18, 1788, which constituted the first permanent settlement of the Miami Country, or the Symmes Purchase, and the second of importance within the present boundary of the State. The father, Thomas Brown, was a native of Brownsville, Penn., and one of the eight children of Thomas Brown, who was the founder of that town. The mother of Dr. Thomas Brown was a daughter of Aaron Mercer, of Winchester, Va. He was a captain in the Revolutionary war, and some of his exploits in the Miami Country during the Indian period are preserved both by record and tradition. He died at Columbia in 1800, at the age of fifty-four.

Dr. A. M. Brown, our subject, is the third in order of birth in a family of four children, of whom two only are now living. He was educated in the common schools of Milford, and the Milford Seminary, studied medicine under his father, and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1861. After his graduation he came to Cincinnati, and in July of the same year offered himself as assistant in the Twenty-second Regiment O. V. I., in which command he served until 1864. He was then made staff surgeon with rank of major, and was assigned to duty as medical purveyor of the Department of Arkansas. He left the service in April, 1865, and returning to Cincinnati began the practice of his profession in partnership with his brother. William T. Brown, with whom he continued until the death of the latter, January 26, 1882. He then moved to his present office, where he has ever since been located. Dr. Brown is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and of the Ohio State Medical Society; he is a member of the F. &A. M. and is past master of N. C. Harmony Lodge No. 2; also a member of the G. A. R. and of the Loyal Legion. Dr. Brown was united in marriage February 20, 1864, to Miss Alice Whetstone, daughter of Thomas and Esther Whetstone, of Cincinnati. His wife died October 28, 1866, of cholera. The Doctor was married, May 16, 1869, to Miss Amelia, daughter of Mark and Emeline Atkins, of Cincinnati. Two children born of this marriage are William M. Brown, a clerk in the Lafayette Bank, and

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Mark A. Brown, a recent graduate of the Miami Medical College. Dr. and Mrs. Brown are members of the Episcopal Church. Politically he is a Republican.

F. H. HUELSMAN. M. D., veterinary surgeon, office on Vine street, Cincinnati, began the study of his profession in 1858 in the military service of the Kingdom of Prussia, and, in 1861 graduated a veterinary surgeon. He remained in the service of the Kingdom of Prussia nine years, and then came to America, where he followed his profession. The Doctor attended a course of lectures in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery during the sessions of 1887 and 1888, and to-clay enjoys one of the largest and most lucrative practices of any of his profession.

CHAUNCEY D. PALMER, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 308 West Seventh street, Cincinnati, was born in Zanesville, Ohio, September 18, 1839, a son of Micas and Harriet (Sherman) Palmer, natives of New York State. Micall Palmer was a carriage maker by occupation, and died in 1878, aged seventy-six years; his wife, Harriet (Sherman) Palmer, now eighty-four years of age, resides at Mt. Auburn. She is a direct descendant of Roger Sherman. Her father was David Sherman, a farmer by occupation, who fought in the Revolutionary war, after which he was pensioned by our government. He died in 1838.

All of Dr. Palmer's ancestry have been long-lived, and he is the youngest in a family of six children, four of whom are now living. He was educated in the common schools of Cincinnati, and was graduated from the Woodward High School, in June. 1857. Among his classmates at this institution, who have gained distinction in life, may be mentioned Gen. Michie, of West Point; Rev. T. F. Taskey, of Germany: Noble K. Royde, deceased, and Herman H. Raschig, of Cincinnati. After his graduation at Woodward, our subject taught in one of the Cincinnati public schools two years. after which he entered the office of Dr. John Davis, of Cincinnati, to study medicine. He attended the Medical College of Ohio, where he graduated in the spring of 1862. Shortly afterward he was appointed resident physician of the Good Samaritan Hospital, a position he held for one year, when he entered the Union army, and served two years as surgeon in the general hospital at Camp Dennison. He then returned to Cincinnati, and opened an office for the practice of his profession on Freeman street, near Poplar. where he remained one year, thence removing to the corner of Baymiller and Findlay streets, where be had previously built a residence. He resided there for twelve years, and in 1880 removed to his present line residence, No. 308 West Seventh street, which was also built by him. Here he has since resided. Dr. Palmer was married, in 1863, to Miss Helen, daughter of Joseph Taylor, o f Cincinnati. This lady was suffering with consumption at the time, and only lived eighteen months after her marriage. The Doctor was again married, the second time, in 1868, to Miss Adelaide, daughter of Barton White, of Cincinnati, a direct descendant of Peregrine White, whose parents came to this country in the "Mayflower." This union has been blessed with two sons: Elliot B., born December 27, 1870, who graduated from the Cincinnati University in 1893, and W. Dudley, born February 5, 1877, now attending the Woodward High School. Dr. and Mrs. Palmer are members of the Central Congregational Church of Cincinnati, but are in no sense sectarian in religious behef. The Doctor is a. member of the Ohio State Medical Society, the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, Cincinnati Obstetrical Society, and the American Gynecological Society. He has been president of both of the local societies. In 1869, he was appointed professor of obstetrics and the diseases of women, in his alma meta, and still holds that position; is also professor of gynecology in the Presbyterian Hospital and Woman's Medical College of Cincinnati; is obstetrician and gynecologist, to the Cincinnati Hospital; gynecologist to the Presbyterian Hospital; consulting gynecologist to the medical staff of the German Protestant Hospital, and to Christ's Hospital. He is medical examiner for the Mutual Benefit Life insurance Company.

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On May 6, 1883, Dr. Palmer was thrown from his carriage, while descending from Walnut Hills, and narrowly escaped death. He received a severe concussion of the brain, remained unconscious for several weeks, following which his left side became partially paralyzed. His recovery was considered most doubtful for weeks, but by careful and able medical attendance, rendered by Dr. P. S. Conner, he recovered, so that he could be removed to the seaside, where his recovery was more rapid. Returning home after some four months, being still unable to practice his profession, be spent some six months more in California. Returning to Cincinnati, he resumed his practice, about one year after the accident. Dr. Palmer has written for several medical journals and books. Among these contributions may be mentioned: "Intra-uterine Medication;" "Tapping for Ovarian Cysts;" "Papilloma of the Female Bladder;" " The Unity of Medicine;" "The present Status of Gynaecology, and its relations to General Medicine; " The Obstetrical and Gynecological Uses of Electricity; " "The Early Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer; " "Laparotomy and Laparo-Hyeterectomy for the Uterine Fibroids;" "Dysmenorrhea, its Essential Nature and Treatment;" " Abdominal Section: Its Value and Range of Application; " What is the Best Management of Occipito-Posterio Positions of the Vertix?" "Inter Menstrual Pain." Many of these contributions have been to the American Gynecological Society, of which he has been an active member since 1879. He is one of the authors of the American System of Gynecology, and he is at present engaged in writing for a new work on obstetrics, and for another on gynecology. He is the designer of several instruments for obstetrical and gynecological purposes. For instance, a long and short obstetrical forceps, a straight trephan perforator, several forms of vaginal epecula, an intra-uterine predicator, a uterine curvette, an intrauterine tube for irrigation, and a uterine dilator. Several of these instruments have received strong commendations from many sources. Politically, the Doctor has always been a strong Republican. He is one of Cincinnati's most prominent physicians, and enjoys a large and lucrative chentele. He has won for himself a host of admiring friends. He has recently completed a handsome colonial residence. with offices, with all modern improvements for a physician, in Avondale, and is occupying it.

DAVID D. BRAMBLE, one of the most prominent and successful physicians of Cincinnati, was born at. Montgomery, Hamilton Co., Ohio, December 11, 1839. The father, Thomas C. Bramble, a native of Virginia, and of English extraction, was one of the pioneer blacksmiths of this county, and was for many years and until his death, which occurred in 1850, engaged in mercantile business at Sharon. The mother, Effie M. (Denman) Bramble, was a native of Maryland, also of English origin, and at present is a resident of Cincinnati.

Our subject attended school a short time, and worked until his fourteenth year, when, having accumulated sonic money, he entered Farmers' College, at College Hill, Ohio. After completing his college course he entered the intermediate school at Montgomery as teacher, and at the expiration of eighteen months he was appointed principal of the same school, which position he held for nearly three years. During the time he was thus engaged he lived and read medicine with Dr. William Jones, and at the age of twenty, he entered the Ohio Medical College, where after attending two courses of lectures he graduated with honor, in the spring of 1862. He was immediately appointed house physician in the Commercial Hospital, serving one year. In 1863, he located in the general practice of his profession on Broadway, and was at the same time appointed district physician in the Thirteenth Ward. In the fall of the same year, he was appointed pest house physician, which position he resigned, after filling it nearly four years. In 1866, he accepted the chair of anatomy, in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and also served as treasurer of the college, until 1872, at which time he was transferred to the chair of surgery, and made dean of the college; the last named professorship he is at

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present filling. The Doctor is a prominent member of the American Surgical Association; the American Medical Association; the Ohio State Medical Society; the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine. He became a member of the I. O. O. F., and the Encampment in 1860, and has since filled all the chairs. Ho was also one of the charter members of Lincoln Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and for fifteen years has been a member of the order of The Seven Wise Men. On flay 15, 1864, Dr. Bramble was married to Miss Celestine, the eldest daughter of John Week, a pioneer merchant, one of the wealthiest citizens, and largest tax payers of Sycamore township. By this union there are three children living: Emma E., wife of Dr. John C. Kunz, who is at present associated with Dr. Bramble in the practice of medicine; Jessie Al., wife of W. L. Shigley, secretary of the William G. Fischer Manufacturing Company, of Kokomo, Indiana, and Mamie R., who still resides with her parents at their beautiful home in Avondale.

CHARLES OLMSTED WRIGHT, M.D. (deceased), was a native of Columbus, Ohio, born December 26, 1835, eldest child of Dr. Marmaduke Burr Wright and Mrs. Mary L. (Olmsted) Wright. Her father, Philo H. Olmsted, was in his day one of the most prominent men in central Ohio, and for many years was editor of the State Journal. Dr. M. B. Wright was a famous physician who spent a large part of his professional life in Cincinnati, and is appropriately noticed in the Medical chapter in this work. Ho died in Cincinnati August. 15, 1879, full of years and honors; Mrs. Wright is still living, in a hale and vigorous age.

The subject, of this sketch was but three years old when the family was removed to Cincinnati by a call to his father to occupy the chair of materia medica in the Ohio Medical College. His primary and in part higher education was taken in the public schools of the city, but stopped when a member of the Hughes High School, in 1852, without graduating, with the intention of accompanying his parents to Europe. This intention was abandoned for the sake of the younger children, who needed his care; and he took, instead, a special course of one year in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. Leaving this institution in 1853, he began practice in civil engineering at the tunnel then being constructed under Walnut Hills, as is elsewhere related in this history: but was soon compelled by ill health to seek a more quiet indoor life. In 1855 he began the study of medicine with Dr. W. W. Dawson, with whom he read for a year, when. under friendly advice, he went to California and engaged in merchandizing there for about six months, during which he had great experience of the rough and tumble side of life. He was presently burnt out, however, losing his entire stock. and then being seized with the spirit of adventure, pushed across the Pacific to the Sandwich Islands, and thence to the Chinese coast. where he enjoyed a breadth and minuteness of observation then not often vouchsafed to a foreigner. Thence he made his way home by the way of Japan, Siam, Calcutta, Bombay, through the Chusan Archipelago, the Island of Manilla and along the west coast of Africa. From San Francisco to Cincinnati he occupied three years with his voyages and land journeys. While in China he found an extensive field for the observation of skin diseases, and decided that, if he followed his father's vocation, he would give such ailments some attention. Arriving home, he promptly resumed his medical studies, becoming a member of the Ohio Medical College. and enjoying in addition the instruction of both his father and Dr. Dawson. In the summer of 1862, e took his diploma of Doctor of Medicine. and immediately went before the State board at Columbus for examination as a candidate for appointment in the army; passed successfully, and was appointed assistant-surgeon to the Thirty-fifth O. V. I. He was captured at Chickamauga, and for some time was detained as a prisoner at Atlanta and in the famous Libby prison at Richmond. Being, however, a medical man, he was allowed some indulgence, and was presently released by special exchange, arranged by his friends at Washington. He rejoined his regiment at Chattanooga, during the cold winter of 1862-63, and the starvation

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period experienced by the army there. On the day of the battle of Kenesaw Mountain during the Atlanta campaign; he resigned owing to ill health, and returned home, having at that time reached the full grade of surgeon. On his return home, he was made a resident physician in the Cincinnati hospital, and also went into private practice. In this he had his father's invaluable advice and aid, and soon took the same specialties of practice-obstetrics, and diseases of women. and children. He became a member of the staff of the Good Samaritan Hospital, also lecturer on skin diseases, and was afterward one of the physicians in charge of the dispensary. The Doctor always maintained a large private practice, but, found time to write occasional papers for the professional societies and the press. He was an active member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine. the Obstetrical Society, and the State Medical Society. He was called to much service as a medical examiner for the large life insurance companies, having been examiner, among others, for the Mutual Benefit of New Jersey for sixteen years. He was supreme medical examiner of the Knights of the Golden Rule, for the United States, and grand medical examiner for the Ancient Order of United Workmen, in Ohio. He never took a very active part in politics, but retained his membership in the Grand Army of the Republic. Dr. Wright was married in March, 1870, to Miss Eva, daughter of David K, and Ann Eliza Cady, of Cincinnati, the former a thirty-years member of the Cincinnati school board. Dr. and Mrs. Wright had four children, one of whom, Mary L., died in infancy in 1874; those living are: David Cady, a boy of nine years; Marmaduke B. (named from the paternal grandfather), now in his fourth year: and Ann Eliza (named from the maternal grandmother), aged two years. Dr. Wright died May 29, 1893.

JIRAH D. BUCK, M. D., Cincinnati, was born at Fredonia, N. Y., November 20, 1838. The following year his parents removed to Belvidere, Ill., and to the Belvidere Academy he is indebted for most of his early education. In 1850 his parents migrated to Janesville, Wis., where be attended the Janesville Academy for six months only, the death of his father making it necessary for him to quit school in order to assist in earning a livelihood- He followed bookkeeping until he was seventeen, but his health failing he went to the woods, where., for three years. he worked with lumbermen in summer, in winter laboring still harder as a teacher in the public schools. In 1861 he enlisted in Company If. Merrill's Horse, a regiment recruited at Battle Creek, Mich., and was made orderly of his company. His health again failing, he lay in hospital at Camp Benton, Mo. for three months, when he was honorably discharged and sent home. His health again returned and, after teaching for a short time, he, in the spring of 1862, began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Smith Rogers, Battle Creek, Mich. The following winter he attended the Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago. He then returned to Battle Creek, and was admitted into a copartnership with his preceptor. During the subsequent winter he attended the Homeopathic College of Cleveland, Ohio, receiving his medical degree from that college in 1864. In the following October he married Miss Melissa Clough, of Fredonia, N. Y., and the next spring he removed to Sandusky, Ohio, where he continued the practice of his profession. In the fall of 1866 ho accepted the chair of physiology and histology in his Alma Mater at Cleveland, leaving his business in Sandusky five days a week during the college session. Notwithstanding the fact that, the duties of his professorship made it necessary for him to be absent often from his field of practice, his business rapidly increased. In August, 1870, he removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, retaining his professorship in Cleveland until the close of the subsequent year, and in the spring of 1872 he called the meeting of physicians which, at Dr. Pulte's office, in Cincinnati, resulted in the founding of the Pulte Medical College, of which he was register and professor of physiology and histology from its organization until 1880. He was then made dean of the Faculty and professor of theory and practice of medicine, which position he still holds.

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Dr. Buck has been an active member of the Homeopathic Medical Society of Ohio, and of the National Homeopathic Society. The American institute of Homeopathy--for many years, contributing papers or acting as chairman of sections every year. In 1874 he was elected president of the State Society, and in 1890 was unanimously chosen as president of the American Institute of Homeopathy, having thus achieved the highest honor in the gift of his profession by presiding over its national body. The Doctor's address delivered on this occasion received wide commendation both in Europe and America, and was declared to be one of the most advanced and scientific papers ever presented to the society. Some fifteen years ago Dr. Buck took up the practical study of psychology, making a careful study of hypnotism and the phenomena of spiritualism from a purely scientific standpoint. From the philosophy of Schopenhauer and the German Mystics he sought the clues to a real knowledge of the human soul in the Vedic philosophy, resulting in his becoming an active member of the Theosophical Society, whose aim it, is to promote the very knowledge of the soul of which the Doctor was in search. He has presided over six of the national conventions of that society, and was chosen acting chairman of the Theosophical Department of the recent Congress of Religions at Chicago, whose audiences numbered over 3,000 on two occasions, so that the Theosophical Society meeting, from both interest and numbers, was called the "real Congress of Religions." Finding time, by constant industry, to do a large amount of extra work, Dr. Buck is still as actively engaged in the regular practice of his profession as ever, and being yet a young man has the prospect before him of many more years of active work.

MASSILLON CASSAT, physician, with office at No. 313 Elm street, Cincinnati, and residence on the northeast corner of Ludlow and Cook avenues, Clifton, was born at Washington Court House, Fayette Co., Ohio, a son of Dr. Bernard Austin Cassat and Mary (Kouns) Cassat, natives of Ohio. Both parents died in 1850, within six months of each other; they had four children, two of whom are living: Mrs. Josephine (Cassat) Cottrill, of Cleveland, Ohio, and our subject. The maternal grandparents of Massillon Cassat were Huguenots who left France during the persecution, their name being Guizot, the historian by that name having been a relative. His paternal grandfather, Dr. Francis Cassat, practiced medicine at Oxford, Ohio. His wife's name was Mary (Vanzant) Cassat. Our subject was educated in Cincinnati, and was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1864. On June 5, 1890, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma E., daughter of Harrison and Rebecca (Paxton) Smethurst, of Cincinnati, Ohio. This union has been blessed with two children: Bernard Austin Cassat, born April 17, 1891, and Helen Paxton Cassat, born December 27, 1892. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the American Medical Association. He is librarian of the Cincinnati Natural History Society. Politically he is a Republican; in religion a Methodist.

J. C. MACKENZIE, physician, office No. 114 West Seventh street, Cincinnati, was born in Scotland, May 21, 1842, a son of R. H. and Marion H. (Macheren) Mackenzie, also natives of Scotland. and of Scotch parentage. The father, who was a merchant, immigrated with his family to Cincinnati in 1849. Here the parents died, the father in 1892, the mother in 1865. Their three living children reside in Cincinnati: J. C., R. H. and Charlotte H. Dr. Mackenzie received his literary education at Herron's Academy in Cincinnati, and was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1865. He has since practiced the profession in Cincinnati. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Ohio State Medical Society.

G. K. TAYLOR, physician and surgeon, Cincinnati, was born January 28, 1837, at a point on the old National pike thirty-three miles west of Wheeling, W. Va., and forty-one miles east of Zanesville, Ohio, one of nine sons of Alexander D. Taylor, who was born in 1799 in Ohio, and whose father was born in Scotland. A. D. Tay-

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for was an attorney at law, also for many years a brigadier-general in the United States Militia, and died at Cambridge, Ohio, in October, 1863. The mother's father, Joseph Danner, was born on the river Rhine, Germany, and died in Belmont county, Ohio; the mother, Sarah Danner, was born at Middletown, Va., in 1802. She took great pride in raising and educating her children, and she was a stanch advocate of Woman's Rights and Temperance.

The subject of this notice was raised on a farm, and when a young man taught school half the year, attending school the other half. In this way he supported himself and was enabled to study medicine with J. W. Warfield, M. D., of Barnesville, Ohio. He graduated at Bellevue Medical College, New York City, in March, 1866, and began the practice of his profession the same month in Cincinnati, where he still continues. On June 10, 1869, he was united in marriage with Edith S. Speer. In religion they are Protestants. Dr, Taylor was an adherent of Fremont during his campaign, but has since been a member of the Republican party. He was one of seven brothers to answer the call of Abraham Lincoln. and served as second heutenant of Company B, Ninety-seventh O. V. I. He was a pension examiner and surgeon for about fifteen years. The Doctor is ardently attached to his profession, and says: " The physician of to-day is little thanked and poorly paid, and unless he has a pride in his profession he has little inducement to encourage advancement of the science. The standard of the physician of to-day is far too low for this age. One of the great weak points is in diagnosis, where presumption bridges the weakness of the physician too often. Either by accident or real discovery, every physician discovers something from his experience, and I will give a few of mine: Erysepelitious fever-though recorded by all authors who have written on the subject as necessarily fatal-can be controlled and cured by full doses of opium. Peritonitis in most cases yields to large doses of turpentine. Gallstone can be obliterated and cured by giving fresh beef gall. I am of the opinion that the disturbing cause in diabetes melletes is in the liver, and that the universal laws of diet are mistakes-that the best living and tonics gives better results."

JOHN H. KING, M.D., residence No. 548 E. Third street, Cincinnati, was born in Westmoreland county, Penn.. November 7, 1844, a son of John and Nancy J. (Snodgrass) King, both also natives of Pennsylvania, the former of whom was a farmer by occupation. They were the parents of two children, John R., and Mary A. Ripley, of Poland, Ohio. Our subject received his education in the public schools of Poland, Ohio, also the Poland Seminary, and graduated from the Bellevue Hospital College, New York, in the class of 1867. He was married January 20, 1870, to Carrie A., daughter of V. B. Crocker, and they have bad six children born to them: Laura B., Frank C., John Herbert, Elsie May, Ralph, and Harry Fry. Dr. King is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; politically he is a Republican. He and his family attend the Presbyterian Church.

DR. CLINTON LYCURGUS ARMSTRONG, the senior member of the board of medical examiners of the police force, comes of most excellent old American stock. His great-grandfather, Capt. John Armstrong, was killed bravely fighting on the bloody field of Monmouth, N. J., June 28, 1778. By his side fought and fell his eldest son. On the maternal side the great-grandfather was John La Boiteaux, one of the earhest of Ohio pioneers. He settled in Hamilton county when its hills and valleys were still unbroken woodland, and owned and cleared all the land upon which Mt. Healthy was afterward built. A man with an ancestry like this may well be proud of it.

Brookville, Indiana, was Dr. Armstrong's native place, the day of his birth being March 3, 1844. When he was eighteen he joined the army, enlisting into Company D, Eighty-third Regiment, Ind, V. I., which served in the Fifteenth Army Corps, under Sherman. He was a mere boy, yet he was an admirable soldier, cool and ready at all times, and brave to the point of recklessness. He fought in all of the ten assaults upon Vicksburg, and was in the thick of some of the hardest fight-

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ing of the war. There is no private who can boast of a more glorious army record than was that of Dr. Armstrong, for he was an actor in one of the most gallant yet disastrous enterprises of that long struggle. There has been no poet laureate to sing of it, as the `' Charge of the Six Hundred " was sung, but on the rolls of fame it deserves to be celebrated with as lofty praise. Around Vicksburg was a chain of forts. They were 800 yards apart, and connected by an embankment ten feet high, in front of which was a deep ditch. Sherman intended to attack part of this chain, break through it, and then drive the enemy from their guns by a charge in their rear. It was necessary that some one lead the way, and Sherman called for 150 volunteers. They were to rush through the open space in front of the rampart (the road leading to it was called by the soldiers "Graveyard road"), half of them carrying planks twelve feet long, with which to bridge the ditch. and the others bearing ladders, to scale the deep bank. Every one knew the frightful danger of the attempt, yet the volunteers came forward, and Dr. Armstrong was the first to report at Sherman's headquarters for this duty. It was the 22nd of May, 1863, and the hour set for the charge was 10 A. M. As the volunteers stood ready with their planks and ladders, Sherman, in order to encourage them, though they needed no encouragement, said, " Soldiers, remember that the enemy always overshoots, and the larger body behind you is sure to draw the heaviest fire." Then the word of command was given, and they started on a run for the Confederate works. There was no firing until they were within two hundred feet; of the bank, and then it seemed as if the thunders of the universe were let loose at once. By some means the enemy had heard of the contemplated charge, and were ready for it. The two nearest forts delivered a galling cross fire upon the gallant band, and a solid regiment in front rose on the embankment and emptied its muskets at them. That volley meant annihilation to the volunteers. One hundred and thirty-eight of them fell dead, eleven were wounded, and but one man escaped unscathed. A more frightfully fatal fire was not delivered during the entire course of the war. Dr. Armstrong received three bullets, two in his right leg and one in his abdomen. All day he lay upon the field, and at night he dragged himself to the Union lines. For months he lay between life and death, and all through life he will bear the marks of his wounds. The only other living survivor of this " forlorn hone" is William Orr, of Eaton, Ohio.

After the war Dr. Armstrong came to Cincinnati and studied medicine. He graduated with honor, and is now one of the best known and most successful physicians in the city. Mayor Jacobs appointed him police surgeon about ten years ago. At that time the surgeon was ranked simply as a patrolman, and received the same salary. Dr. Armstrong really created the position which be has filled with such signal ability. Among other things he is the inventor of the medicine chest which is carried on all patrol wagons, and which is a wonderful exemplification of " multum in parvo." As one of the board of medical examiners of the non-partisan police force, he has been instrumental in introducing the present high physical standard. He is also one of the trustees of the Cincinnati Hospital, has been surgeon for the Cincinnati, Washington & Baltimore Railroad, and has been president of the Lincoln Club, the oldest Republican organization in Cincinnati. In 1878 Dr. Armstrong married Miss Mary Cotton, of Winchester, Indiana, and he bas found in her the completeness that his life lacked as a physician. Among the police there is no man more popular than Dr. Armstrong. He knows them all, and is ever ready with a word of advice or the ringing words of cheer that often mean more to the sick man than medicine. and is indefatigable in his duty. No night is too dark, and no distance too far, if there is suffering to be relieved. A hater of sham, he is a model of frankness and sincerity, and his success has been thoroughly deserved,

THOMAS GROVER HERRON, physician and surgeon, graduated from the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati, March 1, 1867. He served one year as interne in St. John's

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Hospital, and from this institution received an honored diploma. He was born in Cincinnati, August 20, 1840, son of the bite Prof. Joseph Herron, of Herron's Seminary, an early Cincinnati college of the highest order. His mother's maiden name was Cordelia Ann Weeks; she was daughter of John Weeks, who was a builder of steamboats and barges. She was born in 1815, and was married in 1859,

Dr. Herron finished his education in his father's seminary in 1857. Soon after leaving school he commenced to learn the trade of steamboat carpenter with his uncle Samuel Startzman, of the firm of Johnson, Morton & Company. He served his three years of apprenticeship and a short time as full carpenter, assisting in building some of the finest vessels upon our western and southern waters. In the fall of 1859 he entered the office of Dr. Tom Wood and began the study of medicine. He was a member of the Gymnasium Light Guards, and served in the Cincinnati Zouaves. He enlisted in Fremont's Body Guard, Capt. J. S. Foley's company, Company C (called the Kentucky Company), and two days later was shipped to St. Louis, where he went into camp. Having had experience in the school of the soldier, he was appointed drill-master and soon after promoted to corporal. A week later he started for southwestern Missouri to assist in the capture of Gen. Price and the scattering of his men; was in many skirmishes and guerrilla fights, in scouting and foraging, finishing his western campaign with Fremont, in the great and terrible hand-to-hand fight at Springfield, Mo., against great odds. " Ride to death." The guard, 152 strong, fought and put to flight 2,200 of the energy, killing over two hundred on the field, not to speak of the wounded. The army afterward returned to St. Louis, and soon after the " Body Guard " was mustered out of the service. Not long after his return home our subject joined the Sanitary Commission of Cincinnati, and assisted in the care of the sick and wounded at Pittsburg Landing and Shiloh. In the spring of 1862 a call was made for sailors, for the new gunboats built for the Western waters. He immediately enlisted, and was shipped to Cairo, where he served as captain, clerk, ship's steward, and paymaster's clerk; was promoted to acting master's mate, and later to acting ensign. He served through the Mississippi squadron, Tennessee and Cumberland river fleets. At the fitting out of the Red river expedition, he was detailed as one of the officers to serve in that perilous expedition, and assisted in building the Red river dam, which was constructed for the purpose of getting the United States gunboats over the shoals. Just before the completion of the dam, his boat, the U. S. steamer "Covington," was ordered with the U. S. steamer "Signal," to take the transport "Warner" to the mouth of the Red river. The fleet had reached a point about fifteen miles above Fort Dernsey, and had anchored for the night. Early the next morning Gen. Dick Taylor attacked them with batteries and about six thousand men, with such destructive effect that the " Warner" was forced to surrender. Then concentrating their fire upon the gunboats, the "Signal" was soon disabled, and her flag lowered. The "Covington" was doing very effective work with her fifty-pound Dahlgren, thirtypound Parrott, and twenty-four-pound howitzers, until the the fire of the sixteen and eighteen guns of the enemy (besides small arms from nearly every point of the compass) disabled the "Covington," killing many on board, perforating the boiler, and cutting away her rudder, besides destroying her upper works with thousands of bullets. Just enough steam was left in the boilers to work her into the shore and make her fast. Even after this the fight was continued, until several guns were disabled. The gunner's mate was killed in the magazine doorway, and master's mate Grosse (in charge of the magazine) was cut in two by a shell. Ensign Herron then gave up the fight, though be would not haul down the flag, but ordered the men to arm themselves to the teeth, carry the wounded men ashore and then escape to the woods. The men ran the terrible blockade of all the firing, a distance of two hundred squares, before reaching cover or woods, Many never reached safety. Ensign Horror) then spiked all the guns, carried seven shovels of hot coals from the

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fire under the boilers to the magazine, ran forward and jumped ashore under cover of the smoke, just as the boat blew up. He reached the woods in safety, where he found about forty of his men. Many of these were torn to pieces by dogs, and two were treed and shot down on their journey to Fort Demsey. After a chase of nine miles by dogs our subject was captured by the Confederates, and an attempt on their part was made to hang him (which was abandoned, however, as no suitable tree could be found), but he was subsequently delivered through the kindness of an Amazonian rebel woman, who secreted him for several clays in her hut, and hid him amongst a lot of clothes; he was afterward piloted to a place of safety by her husband. He walked nine miles to Red river, and when thirty-five miles from Alexandria, the nearest Union port, was picked up by a transport. He came out of the expedition on the U. S steamer " St Clair," and was honorably discharged from the 'united States mail service September 20, 1865.

After returning to Cincinnati our subject prosecuted his medical studies under Prof. Robert Bartholow, and graduated at the Ohio Medical College March 1, 1867. In that year he married Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. William H. Sutherland, a distinguished minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Herron was a graduate of the Wesleyan Female College, Cincinnati, is very active in Church work, missionary and Woman's Rehef Corps work, and in 1888 was department president of the Ohio Woman's Rehef Corps. Six children were born to Dr. and Mrs.. Herron: Joseph, Verna, Wright, William, Earl, and Thomas. Of these Joseph is a cadet at the United States Military Academy, West Point, N. Y. ; William is connected with the advertising department of the Cincinnati Post; three children died in infancy; Thomas, the youngest, is now attending school in Wyoming. The family are members of the Methodist Church; politically the Doctor is a Republican. He has written many articles on medical subjects, the most important being his discovery and successful treatment of sunstroke with application of hot water instead of ice. This is now the accepted governmental treatment in the West Indies and New South Wales.

JAMES H. HAZARD, physician and surgeon, office No. 51 Lawrence street., Cincinnati, residence Terrace Park, Ohio, was born March 12, 1846, at Logansport. Indiana, a son of William S. and Marion Isabelle (Snelling) Hazard, the former born in 1812 at New London, Conn., the latter born at Fort Snelling, Minn., in 1827. The father, who was a merchant, died September 6, 1889; the mother died October 20, 1881; they were the parents of ten children, five of whom are still living: James H.; George S., a commercial traveler: Earnie W., a clerk: Fannie H., wife of L. W. Hall; and Abbie S., all residing in Avondale. Our subject was educated in Cincinnati, Ohio, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1867.. He enlisted as private in Company B, One Hundred and Thirty-seventh O. V. I., during the war of the Rebellion. He was professor of physiology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery from 1882 to 1856. On October 25, 1882, the Doctor was married to Mary Tharp Rice, a daughter of Sidney and Julia Renfield (Hall) Rice, the former a native of Troy, N. Y.. born August J, 1810, the latter a native of Greenfield, Mass., born September 18, 1818, Dr. Hazard is a member of the G. A. R., and is in sympathy with the Republican party. Dr. and Mrs. Hazard are members of the Presbyterian and Episcopal Churches, respectively.

ALEXANDER GREER Danny, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 57 Gest street, Cincinnati, was born in Covington, Ky., February 3, 1844. His father, Rev. Asa Drury, was born in Athol, Mass., July 26, 1802, graduated at Yale in 1829, and taught in the grammar schools at New Haven, also in a classical school at Providence, R. I., from 1830 to 1832. In the latter year he married Miss Mary E. Willard, of Providence, R. I., and in the same year was ordained a minister of the Baptist Church. In 1833 he was appointed professor of Greek in Granville College (now Denison University), Ohio, where he remained until 1835, when he

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was appointed professor of Greek language and literature in the Cincinnati College. In 1838 his wife died, and in that year he left Cincinnati, having been appointed professor of Greek in Waterville College (now Colby University), Maine. On May 22, 1841, Mr. Drury married, for his second wife, Elizabeth Williams Getchell, daughter of Capt. Nehemiah Getchell, of Waterville. In 1842 he again came west, and was appointed professor of Greek in the Western Baptist Theological Institute, Covington, Ky., which position he held until the institution was closed, He was pastor of the First Baptist Church of Covington from 1842 to 1845; was for many years principal of the Covington high school, and superintendent of the public schools of that city. On February 8, 1862, he was commissioned chaplain of the Eighteenth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry. At the battle of Richmond, Ky., he was taken prisoner, but was soon after paroled by the Confederate general, Henry Beth, In 1863 failing health compelled him to resign. He died in Minneapolis, Minn., March 18, 1870; his widow passed away in Bellevue, Ky., August 10, 1874. Rev. Asa Drury was a son of Joel Drury, a farmer by occupation, living in Athol, Massachusetts.

Our subject graduated at Centre College, Danville. Ky., receiving the degree A.B., in 1865, and A. ll., in 1881. He studied medicine with Dr. W. W. Henderson, of Covington, Ky.; attended the Medical College of Ohio two years; received the degree M.D. from the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1868, and M. D. (ad eundem) from the Medical College of Ohio, in 1878. In 1869 be began practice in Cincinnati. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and was president in 1880; member of the Historical and Philosophical Society of Ohio; member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity; and professor of dermatology in the Presbyterian Hospital and Medical College for Women. On September 7, 1871, the Doctor was married to Miss Angie E. Kinkead, of Pontiac, Ill., daughter of Joseph D. Kinkead, of Kentucky, who for many years was a merchant in Cincinnati, dying in that city in October, 1882. Mrs. Drury's mother is Edna A. Kinkead (nee Manser), of Virginia. Dr. and Mrs. Drury have one son, Alexander Getchell Drury. born in Cincinnati June 27, 1885.

GEORGE B. ORR, physician and surgeon, corner Fourth and Ludlow streets, Cincinnati, was born in that city, September 1, 1841, a son of Thomas Jefferson and Mary E. (Grandin) Orr, and a grandson of John and Margaret (Graham) Orr. The father was born in Culpeper county, Va., and settled in Cincinnati in 1832. Margaret Graham was the granddaughter of Lord Graham of Scotland. Our subject is also a grandson of Philip and Hannah (Piatt) Grandin, who settled at Cincinnati about 1810, and were intimate friends of Nicholas Longworth, who located here about the same time. The Piatts of the first settlement in Boone county, Ky., opposite the mouth of the Big Miami, were his ancestors. Here they built Federal Hall, an historic country residence, which is still occupied by members of the family. Thomas Jefferson Orr was a physician and surgeon; he had nine children, seven of whom are living.

The subject of this sketch was educated at the Cincinnati public schools, and at the Urbana University, Urbana, Ohio. He made the money himself (between sessions) with which to pay for his medical education. In 1869 he graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, having practiced for a time on the Cumberland river, below Nashville, before completing his professional studies. Immediately after his graduation he located in Cincinnati, and has since given his attention to general practice, although in recent years surgery has received the larger share of his attention. He has been professor of surgery in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery since October, 1882, and professor of surgery and dean of the Faculty of the Woman's Medical College since 1889. On March 4, 1864, he married Anna O., daughter of Hon. Henry E. and Henrietta (Halstead) Spencer, and granddaughter of Rev. O. M. Spencer, who settled at Columbia in 1790. Two children have blessed

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this union, Mary Louise and Anna Henrietta. Dr. Orr is a vestryman in Christ's Protestant Episcopal Church; he is a member of the Miami Valley Medical Society; of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and of the Ohio State Medical Society. He is also a member of the Ohio Society of the Sons of the American Revolution.

ASA BRAINERD ISHAM, physician, whose office is at the corner of McMillan street and Gilbert avenue, Walnut Hills, was born at Jackson Court House, Ohio, July 12, 1844, a son of Chapman and Mary A. (Faulkner) Isham. The father, who was a merchant, banker, and dealer in iron, was born at Wilbraham, Mass., February 15, 1814, a son of Asa and Sarah (Chapman) Isham. The mother was born at Jackson Court House in 1821. The Isham family emigrated from England, landing at Cape Cod in 1660. One of its descendants became the mother of Thomas Jefferson. Dr. Isham received a public-school education in his native town, and graduated from Marietta Academy. His first employment was with the Lake Superior Journal during 1860-61-62, a newspaper published at Marquette, Mich., and in the spring of 1862 he became city editor of the Detroit Tribune. In the autumn of the same year he enlisted in the Seventh Michigan Cavalry as a private, subsequently rising to the rank of first heutenant. He served with credit until April 14, 1865, when he was discharged on account of wounds received in action. He was severely wounded in an engagement near Warrenton Junction, Va., May 14, 1863. Was again wounded in action at Tellow Tavern, Va., May 11, 1864, and captured., Was hold a prisoner in the various officers' prisons in the South, and subjected to the fire of the Federal battery on Morris Island for several weeks while confined in Charleston, S. C. ; was paroled for exchange December 11, 1864. He then went to Texas with the Fourth Army Corps, but returned to Ohio the same year, and bought an interest in a general store at Salina. In 1866 he began the study of medicine at the Medical College of Ohio, Cincinnati, completing his course in 1869, after which he at once began practice at Walnut Hills. His professional course has been conspicuously successful. He was pension examiner under President, Harrison's administration, and has been a member of the medical board of police examiners since April 8, 1886. In 1879 he was president of the Walnut Hills Medical Society. He has been a frequent contributor to the "American Journal of the Medical Sciences," the " Medical News" and other professional journals, and his articles have been widely copied in the medical periodicals of Europe. He edited the papers of the late Dr. A. T. Keyt, arranging them into a volume entitled " Sphygmography and Cardiography," which was issued from the press of G. P. Putnam's Sons in octavo form of 230 pages, and has attracted the attention of the scientific physicians the world over. Dr. Isham is one of the authors of Prisoner of War and Military Prisons," a large octavo volume copiously illustrated, which treats exhaustively of life in Confederate prisons during the war of the Rebellion. A history of the Seventh Michigan Cavalry is also the product of his pen. He is also a contributor to the volumes of tear papers published by the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion and Fred C. Jones Post, G. A. R. From 1877 to 1880 he was professor of physiology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and in 1880-81 professor of materia medica and therapeutics. The honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon the Doctor by Marietta College in 1889. On October 10, 1870, he was married to Mary H., daughter of Alonza T. Keyt, M. D., and Susannah (Hamlin) Keyt, of Walnut Hills. Seven children are the result of this union. Mary K., Asa Chapman, Susan H., Alonza K., Frances C.. Helen and Eleanor Louise.

JAMES T. WHITTAKER, M. D., office and residence No. 100 Garfield place, Cincinnati, was born in that city March 3, 1843, a son of James and Olivia (Lyons) Whittaker, the former of whom, by occupation a steamboat merchant, was born in Baltimore, in November, 1800, and died in 1861. The mother was born at Frederick City, Md., in March, 1820, and died August 15, 1893. Dr. Whittaker attended the public schools of Covington, Ky., during his boyhood days, obtained his literary

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education at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, and the University of Pennsylvania, graduating front the last named institution in 1866. He graduated also from the Medical College of Ohio in 1867, and has since practiced his profession at Cincinnati, where his reputation is deservedly high. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; the Ohio State Medical Society; the American Medical Association: the American Academy of Medicine; the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Philadelphia; and the Association of American Physicians. He holds the chair of practice in the Fatally of the Medical College of Ohio, and lectures on chemical medicine at the Good Samaritan Hospital. Dr. Whittaker's contributions to the literature of the profession have been important. he is the author of a textbook on "Practice" and " Lectures on Physiology;" was editor of the Cincinnati Clinic seven years, and a contributor to Wood's Hand Book," Pepper's "System of Medicine." and Hare's "Therapeutics.'' During the war of the Rebellion the Doctor was assistant. surgeon in the United States navy. Dr. Whittaker was married August 19, 1890, to Miss Virginia L. Joy, of St. Louis.

NATHANIEL PENDLETON DANDRIDGE, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 148 Broadway, Cincinnati, was born in that city, April 16, 1846, a son of Alexander Spotswood and Martha Eliza (Hunt) Dandridge. His father was born in Jefferson county, Va., November 2, 1819, and moved to Cincinnati in 1843; he was a physician by profession, and died April 27, 1888; his wife was born in Cincinnati in 1823, and died in 1881. Dr. Dandridge received his early education in Brook's School, at Cincinnati, and Kenyon College. He attended the Medical College of Ohio one year; afterward pursued his medical studies in Paris and Vienna, and on his return to this country graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1870. Dr. Dandridge has since practiced his profession in Cincinnati, making a specialty of surgery. He has been for some time professor of surgery at the Miami Medical College, and surgeon to the Cincinnati Hospital, and the Episcopal Hospital for Children. He is a member of the American Surgical Association, American Medical Association, and the Ohio State Medical Society, and is one of the most successful and reputable physicians and surgeons in southern Ohio, enjoying the confidence of his fellow-practitioners as well as the wide community in which his practice extends.

OTTO FULS, physician and surgeon, office and residence, No. 215 Apple street, Cumminsville, Cincinnati, was born in Germany, April 24, 1843, son of Heinrich and Sophia (Sonneborn) Fuls, both natives of Germany, the former at one time judge of the police court in Alfeld, in that country. Both are now deceased. Our subject received his early education in the common schools of Germany, and after coming to America studied under the tutelage of Dr. Hoeltge, of Lion street; was graduated from the Miami Medical College in 1870, and was, with one exception, the only native-born German in the class. He first opened an office for the practice of his profession at Reading, Ohio, and later removed to Cumminsville, where he has since resided. Dr. Fuls was united in marriage with Miss Barbara, daughter of Henry and Magdalena Martin, both natives of Germany, and this union has been blessed with two daughters: Emily, born April 26, 1871, and Alice, born May 15, 1872; Alice is married, Emily resides with her parents. The family attend the First German Evangelical Protestant Church of Cumminsville. The Doctor is a member of the Knights and Ladies of Honor; politically he affiliates with the Republican party.

WILLIAM FERNANDO TAYLOR, M.D., was born in Shelby county, Ohio, March 26, 1845, a son of Joseph L. and Margaret (Shafer) Taylor, the former a native of Vermont, the latter of Ohio. Joseph L. Taylor was educated at Townsend, Vt., and was a fellow-student with the late Hon. Alphonso Taft, under the tutorage of the latter's father. Joseph L. Taylor removed from Shelby county, Ohio, to Covington. Ky., in 1850, and was for many Years engaged as a woolen merchant in Cincinnati; he now resides in Covington.

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Our subject was educated at Herron's Seminary, Cincinnati, graduating therefrom in 1859. Until the breaking out of the Civil war he was engaged in business with his father. In 1861 be became attached to the staff of Dr. Thomas, in the Government Hospital, Covington, and began the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. Thomas. At the outset of the war he was an orderly on Col. Sipes' staff, and afterward, at the close of the war, he entered the Forty-first Kentucky Regiment, serving one month when the war closed. From 1864 to 1866 he was variously employed in steamboating on the Ohio. After several years he resumed the study of medicine, and was graduated from the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, since which time he has been engaged in the practice of his profession in the city. In 1883 Dr. Taylor was a member of the Faculty of his alma, mater, occupying the chair of professor of dermatology. Dr. Taylor is a member of the Ohio Consistory, of Lafayette Lodge No. 81 F. & A. M.; Willis Chapter and Crescent Lodge, Knights of Pythias; B, P, O. E. No. 5; member of the Grand Lodge K. of P. of Ohio; and a trustee of Pythian Home, Springfield, Ohio. In politics he is a Republican, and he is a life member of the Lincoln Club. On August 26, 1866, the Doctor was married to Clara, daughter of James McLaughlin, and great-granddaughter of Rev. James Hurdus, the founder of the first Swedenborgian Church in Cincinnati. Dr. and Mrs. Taylor reside at the " Grand Hotel."

JOHN BELCHER HAIGHT, physician and surgeon, office Pike building, Cincinnati, residence in the city, was born at Clarksville, Ohio, October 31, 1849, and is a son of John and Mary Belcher (Vaughan) Haight, born respectively December 4, 1825, and November 3, 1824, both natives of Goshen, Clermont Co., Ohio. The father is of English ancestry, the family having come to this country during the latter part of the eighteenth century; the mother is of Welsh origin, the family emigrating to this country from Wales about 1630, landing at Portsmouth, N. H., where they settled. The Rev. John Haight, father of our subject, is a clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and at the present time is residing at Norwood, one of Cincinnati's lovely suburbs. He and his wife are the parents of two children: Charles Vaughan Haight, attorney at law, residing at Norwood, and John B. Our subject was educated at Miami University, Oxford, and was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio. March 1, 1871. Dr. Haight was united in marriage August 31, 1875, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Butterfield and Jessie (Donaldson) Pullan, the former born at Bradford, England, April 3, 1818, the latter at New Richmond, Ohio, April 29, 1823, of English parentage. Dr. and Mrs. Haight have one surviving child, a daughter, Elizabeth, born January 10, 1883. They are members of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Politically the Doctor is a Republican.

I. D. JONES. M. D., was born in Newtown, Hamilton Co., Ohio, December 4, 1843, a son of Daniel Jones, a pioneer of Hamilton county. Our subject in 1865 graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, with the highest honors. He then returned to his native county, and for several years was engaged in teaching school, being principal for two years of the California (Ohio) schools, and two years principal of the Columbia schools, He soon afterward began to attend lectures at the Ohio Medical College, where he graduated in 187 1. Dr. Jones, while attending his last year's course of lectures, was resident physician of the Good Samaritan Hospital. After graduating in medicine in 1871, he soon after came to Walnut Hills, and began the practice of his chosen profession, where he met with good success. He is one of the staff of Christ's Hospital, Cincinnati. In 1876 he formed a partnership with his brother, John E. Jones, in the practice of medicine.

Dr. John E. Jones was born in Newtown, Hamilton Co., Ohio, January 27, 1834. He graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan University in 1858, and from the Ohio Medical College in 1863, when he entered the army as assistant surgeon, serving until the close of the war, and participating in a number of battles. At the close of the war he returned to Hamilton county, since which time he has been actively engaged in

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the practice of medicine. In 1876 the firm of I. D. & J. E. Jones was formed, and to-day is doing a large practice.

LOUIS PHILLIP HOTTENDORF. physician and surgeon, No. 92 Bank street, Cincinnati, was born in Achim, Province of Hannover, Germany, April 9, 1846, a son of Dr. Augustus Lewis Hottendorf, who was born in Verden, Province of Hannover, Germany, May 10, 1804, and Dorothy Maria Christina (Schubert) Hottendorf, born in Achim, Germany, April 17, 1813. The father graduated in medicine in Wuerzburg, and for forty-five years practiced his profession in Achim, where he died October 27, 1880, Dr. Augustus L. Hottendorf, father of our subject, was a son of Frederick Augustus Hottendorf, a native of Verden, Germany. He was for years a senator from that city, and died at the age of eighty-four.

Our subject attended the schools in Achim, emigrated to the United States on the 1st of September 1860, and arrived in Cincinnati on the 28th of the same month. Here he studied pharmacy with his brother, Augustus Hottendorf. and later with John A. Singhoff.. In the spring of 1866 he returned to Germany and began the study of medicine at the University of Gottingen, under, Profs, Marx, WoehIer and Henle. Returning to America, he attended the Ohio Medical College in the Year 1867-68 and again in 1870--71, graduating in the spring of 1871. In 1871 he opened an office in Dublin, Wayne Co., Indiana, where he practiced until the fall of 1873, when he returned to Achim, Germany. and practiced ill conjunction with his father during the following three years. In 1875 he attended lectures at the University of Leipzig, Germany, and in the fall of 1876 returned to America, opening an office at No. 151 York street, Cincinnati, Ohio; later moved to his present residence, No. 92 Bank street, where lie has since practiced his profession. Dr. Hottendorf is a member of the Academy of Medicine, and the State Medical Society; has written various articles for the local medical journals, among which we mention: "Hot Water Dressings in the Treatment of Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia;" "The Abortive Treatment of Typhoid Fever;" "A Case of Relapsing Fever;" "Pilocarpine in the Treatment of Scarlatina and Diphtheria." The Doctor was married in Frankfort on the Oder, Germany, September 15, 1876, to Elizabeth Wilhelmine Mary Zickerick, daughter of Theodore Hermann and Mary Pauline (Franke) Zickerick. Her father was born in Cuestrin on the Warthe, Germany, August 11, 1826, and died January 23, 1886, in Frankfort on the Oder, Germany. Dr. and Mrs. Hottendorf have three children: Elizabeth Dorathy Mary, born October 31, 1877; Louis Theodore Augustus, born August 25, 1883, and Ida Margaret Louise Phillipine, born October 3, 1890.

RUFUS BARTLETT HALL, physician and surgeon, office No. 154 West Eighth street, Cincinnati, and residence No. 37 Crown street, Walnut Hills, was born in Aurelius township, Washington Co., Ohio, May 15, 1849, a son of Joseph B. arid Irene (Bartlett) Hall, natives of New York State, and of Scotch and English origin. His paternal grandfather was Justis Hall, a native of New York, who settled at Marietta, Ohio, and afterward removed to Aurelius township, where the farm upon which he located is now owned by his grand son, Levy Hall, brother of the subject of this sketch. Joseph Hall, who was a farmer and millwright by occupation. died in April, 1886, at the age of seventy-six. His family consisted of fourteen children, eight of whom are living: William H., a merchant of Osceola, Iowa; James, a farmer in Aurelius township; George W., a farmer at Morse, Kans. ; Rufus B., the subject of this sketch; Willard A., a physician and surgeon at Chillicothe, Ohio; Levy, a farmer in Aurelius township; Willis W., a physician and surgeon at Springfield, Ohio, and Margaret Ann (Hall) McCurdy, in Barlow township, Washington Co„ Ohio.

The subject of this sketch was reared on the homestead farm, and attended the local schools. At the age of thirteen he entered a select school at Marietta, and five years later he engaged in teaching in his native township; this he continued two years, during which period he began the study of medicine. In 1869 he matriculated at Miami Medical College, graduating in 1872, and on March 26, same year,

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he opened an office for the practice of his profession at New England, Athens Co., Ohio. Two years later he removed to Santa Barbara, Cal., where he practiced one year. After a brief visit to his borne be made an extended tour of the Southern States, and upon his return lie located in Chillicothe, where he was in active practice until April, 1888, when he came to Cincinnati and opened an office at. No. 281 West. Seventh street, whence, a year later, he removed to his present location. In 1884 he went to Europe, where he spent one year under private tutors in surgery. Since his return the Doctor has made a specialty of gynecology. He is a member of the British Gynecological Association, the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; the Southern Medical and Gynecological Society; the American Medical Association; the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and other professional organizations. lie is surgeon in charge of the department of abdominal diseases at the Presbyterian Hospital, clinical professor of surgical diseases of women at the Miami Medical College, and clinical gynecologist for the sane institution. He has contributed frequent articles on abdominal surgery and gynecology to the Medical Record, the Cincinnati Lancet Clinic, and the American. Journal of Obstetrics. On March 14, 1872, the Doctor married Margaret, daughter of Joseph and Ann (Bigley) Chandler, and they are the parents of four children: Joseph Arda, born December 4, 1872, and now a student at Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware; Anna Leona, born October 9, 1874: Lydia, deceased, and Rufus Bartlett, Jr., born May 9, 1886. Dr. and Mrs. Hall are members of the Second Presbyterian Church. The Doctor is a member of the I. O. O. F., and is a Knight Templar of the Masonic Fraternity; he is a Republican in politics.

FRED LANGENBECK. M. D. This gentleman stands well in the profession. He has been actively engaged in regular practice in Cincinnati for years, and has built up a lucrative practice. He was born in Germany, June 4, 1836, son of George Langenbeck, who was a regular practicing physician in Germany, where he passed his entire life, dying in 1837.

Our subject is the youngest of two children. He was reared and educated in Germany's private schools, came from that country to Cincinnati in 1857, attended the Medical College of Ohio, and was graduated from that institution in 1872. Immediately thereafter he entered upon the practice of his chosen profession in Cincinnati, and has been actively identified with it ever since. The Doctor is a member of the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, and talks an active interest, in his profession. He was united in marriage in Germany, in 1860, to Augusta Adams, which union has been blessed with five children: Nellie, Mamie, Charlotte, Fred and Anna. In politics Dr. Langenbeck is a Republican, but, in this as in everything else he is liberal, and tries to cast his vote for the best man.

CHARLES HENRY FOERTMEYER, physician, office and residence No. 486 West Eighth street. Cincinnati, was born in Bohnhorst, Hanover, Germany. March 1, 1841, a son of D. F. W. and Doris (Mente) Foertmeyer, the former born in LoRum, March 10, 1798, the latter in Negenborn, July 28, 1801. The father, who was a school teacher and organist. departed this life May 24, 1861. He was a son of Wilhelm and Louisa (Mell) Foertmeyer, the former of whom was a tailor by occupation; his father was lieutenant of artillery in the battle of Dettingen, in 1743, when 35,000 English and Hanoverians defeated 60,000 French.

Dr. Foertmeyer received his early education at Bohnhorst, came to America, and studied pharmacy, afterward studied medicine with Dr. C. A. Miller (since deceased), graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, in the spring of 1872, and opened an office at No. 120 Mill street, Cincinnati, for the practice of his profession, later moving to his present location. The Doctor is a general practitioner; is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, Ohio State Medical Society, and the Knights of Honor, and for twelve years has been medical examiner for this order. In 1878-79 the Doctor was medical examiner of the insane at the probate court. On February

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3, 1868, he was united in marriage to Rose Rentz, daughter of Sebastian and Cecelia Rentz. of Cincinnati. Politically, the Doctor is in sympathy with the Republican party; in religions faith he is a Protestant.

GEORGE CONNER, M. D.. was born April 15, 1844, at New Richmond, Clermont Co., Ohio. His paternal and maternal ancestors saw active service in the Revolutionary struggle for American independence. John Conner, his father, was horn near Meadville, Crawford Co., Penn., of English and Irish parentage, and during his early life he was a carpenter, subsequently engaging in the steamboat business. He built the "Lancaster" steamboat " No. 3," which was constructed into a government ram during the Civil war, and did service as a war vessel. Mr. Conner was well and favorably known among steamboat people. During his latter days lie retired from active labors. and resided on the old homestead in Clermont county, where he died in 1856, aged eighty-four years. His wife, whose maiden name was Amanda Jeffries, was born at Auburn, N. Y., of Welsh parentage. There were five children born to John and Amanda Conner, of whom our subject is the fourth.

George Conner was brought up at farm labor, and attended the district school of his neighborhood. In 1862, he enlisted in Company G, Fiftieth O.V. I., and participated with that regiment, in many battles and skirmishes. He was with Gen. Sherman during his famous Atlanta campaign, and was also with Gen. Thomas at the battle of Jacksborough. July 22, 1862. At the close of the war, Dr. Conner returned home, and soon afterward entered Parker's Academy where he was graduated in 1866. He attended Miami Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1872, with the degree of M. D., and lie at once began the practice of medicine in Cincinnati, which he has since continued. The Doctor has taken an active interest in the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and the State Medical Society. He has frequently written for newspapers and various periodicals. Politically he is a Republican, and be is an active member of the Gen. George H, Thomas Post, G. A. R. He was married January 1, 1869, to Eliza Archard, daughter of James Archard.

Mrs. Eliza (Archard) Conner was born near Cincinnati, in Clermont county, Ohio, not far from the early home of Gen. Grant, Prof. David Swing and other national celebrities. Her family were of Quaker, German Moravian, Irish and English Presbyterian stock, one of whom founded the town of New Richmond. She was graduated one year ahead of the class in which she started at Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio. She taught German and Latin in the Indianapolis High School, where her refusal to accept lower wages than the male teachers received led to a reform in that matter which is still observed. In 1865 she became a regular contributor to the Saturday Evening Post. of Philadelphia, under the nom de plume of "Zig," and later to the Cincinnati Commercial under her initials "E. A." In 1878 she accepted a position on the editorial staff of the Cincinnati Commercial, and in 1884 she became the literary editor of the New York World. In 1885 she became connected with the American Press Association of New York, where she is still enraged in editorial work. She is a member of Sorosis and the New York Woman's Press Club. It is said that she has done as much newspaper work as any woman living, her daily average having been about two thousand words. She is the author of a book describing her experience in foreign lands, and has also written several serial stories, besides an important special series of articles upon the Civil war. In her girlhood she was enthusiastic for the higher education of women. She has organized classes among her sex for instruction in parliamentary usage, and extempore speaking, and in addition to her regular page of general editorial matter, she finds time to edit a special live-stock and dairy department. She is a phenomenal worker, and her life is an instructive illustration of what may be accomplished by a woman in America provided she has brains and pluck. Mrs. Conner has been brought into especial notice on account of her address before the International Press Congress of Chicago. She and her husband are the parents of one child, Halstead A., who is connected with Specker Brothers & Company, Cincinnati.

HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY. - 665

JOSIAH T. DRAKE, physician, office and residence No. 38 Barr street, Cincinnati, is a native of the " Queen City." having been born at No. 142 Broadway, September 21, 1846, a son of Josiah Drake and Catherine (Bugler) Drake. the former a native of New Hampshire, of English descent, the latter of Ohio, of Dutch origin. Josiah Drake was one of the pioneer book merchants of Cincinnati. His house was at No. 14 Main street, a short distance above Front. He was very successful for years, but became involved, and was among the very first of our citizens to go to California, where he was quite successful. He was a high-toned. honorable, kind-hearted man, who bad a pleasant word for all, and no mendicant was ever turned away from his door unrelieved. He was a brother to Drake, the celebrated bookman in Boston, who stands at the head of the houses in this country in his knowledge of antiquated works. Josiah Drake died in Avondale, December 24, 1887; the mother. Catherine Drake, (lied in Cincinnati, December 11, 1874, They were the parents of live children, namely, Ada Paulina Drake. and Emma Amelia Gibbs. both of Ithaca N. Y. ; Elizabeth Love (match, Clermont county; Matthias K. Drake, of New Jersey, and Josiah T.

Our subject was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, graduated in medicine from the Medical College of Ohio, March 1, 1872, and has since practiced his profession in Cincinnati. On February 13, 1877, Dr. Drake was united in marriage to Miss Fanny Curtis (Simms), of Kentucky, a daughter of John and Jenny (Mallard) Simms, also of Kentucky. and of American origin. Mrs. Drake is a High Church Episcopalian. The Doctor is not a member of any church. Socially he is a member of the Knights of Pythias; politically he is an independent voter.

AUGUSTUS RAVOGLI, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 88 West Seventh street, Cincinnati. was born at Rome. Italy, February 7, 1851, the eldest in the family of seven children, five of whom are living, born to Michael and Francis (Moriconi) Ravogli, He was educated in his native country, graduating in medicine August 14, 1873. His first professional experience was a service of six months as physician on board the steamship "Asia." After a brief period of preparation he entered a competitive examination for hospital honors; in this he was eminently successful, taking the highest rank in a class of eighteen. He was equally fortunate in a contest for a government prize of two years abroad, and spent this period in the study of skin diseases at Vienna, Prague, Berlin, Wurzberg, Munich, and various other cities. After his return to Rome he was surgeon in the government hospital five years. and assistant professor of skin diseases at the university at that city.

In December, 1880, he immigrated to America, landing at New York January 1, 1881. He came immediately to Cincinnati, and was successively located at No. 298 Vine street. No, 292 Walnut street, and No. 63 West Eighth street until June, 1881, when he opened his present office. The Doctor makes a specialty of skin diseases, in the treatment, of which he is a recognized authority, For the past six years lie has held the position of clinical lecturer on the subject of skin diseases at the Miami Medical College: be is also professor of this branch of medical science at the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and a frequent contributor to various medical journals, lie is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association, and the examining committee of the American Medical Congress. The Doctor is a 32° Mason; in politics he is a Republican, and is a member of the Lincoln and Blaine Clubs. He represents his native country in the capacity of vice-consul at Cincinnati. In March, 1878, Dr. Ravolgi was united in marriage with Miss Julia Schindlin, of Vienna.

LAWRENCE C. CARR, M. D., office and residence No. 143 West Seventh street, was born in Louisiana, March 10, 1855, a son of John and Rosa M. (Multen) Carr. His mother was a native of Louisiana, and died in August, 1862. His father was horn in Ireland, and was a contractor by occupation; during the Civil war he was captain in the Fifteenth O. V. I., and was killed at the battle of Perryville, Ky., in September, 1863.

666 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

The subject of this sketch received his early education in the public schools of St. Louis, Mo., and is a graduate of St. Mary's College. Dayton, Ohio. He began the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. W. C. Brown, graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1873, and immediately opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 128 Smith street, Cincinnati. From 1884 to 1889 he was professor of obstetrics at the Cincinnati College of Medicine, and at the present time he is surgeon of the First. Infantry, Ohio National Guards. The Doctor is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society; the Cincinnati Medical Society; the American Medical Association; the Association of Military Surgeons; the Cincinnati Literary Club; the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion, and of the Knights of Pythias. Politically, he is in sympathy with the Democratic party.

DR. WILLIAM HENRY FALLS is a native of Cincinnati, where he has lived all his life. He was born November 24, 1849, a son of Henry Falls, a carpet dealer of Cincinnati, who for many years was one of the city's leading merchants. The mother of our subject was a sister of Dr. William Clendenin, of Cincinnati,

Dr. Falls was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, studied medicine with his uncle, Dr. Clendenin, and graduated at Miami Medical College in 1873. For a year he was an interne at the Cincinnati Hospital, and then he associated himself with the late Dr. William H. Mussey, as his assistant, serving in that capacity for five years when he became his partner, and remained as such until the death of Dr. Mussey in 1882. For two years Dr. Falls was physician at the Branch Hospital of the Cincinnati Hospital. From 1878 to 1880 he was prominent as a member of the Cincinnati board of education. He is a member of the Cincinnati Medical Society, and of the Ohio State Medical Society. Dr. Falls has on several occasions been solicited to accept positions in the hospital and colleges of the city, but has always declined such offers, preferring to devote his entire time to his regular medical and professional work. Being of Scotch-Irish descent, he was early imbued with the Presbyterian faith, his ancestors on both sides having been Presbyterians. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati, and is an elder and treasurer of the church. Whatever of success in life he has attained lie attributes to the counsel of his godly mother, and his associations with Drs. Clendenin and Mussey both men of strong character and the noble examples they, in their honest lives, placed before him for emulation.

WILLIAM EBERLE SHAW, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 514 Colerain avenue, Cincinnati, was born near Moscow, Clermont Co., Ohio, April 2, 1848, a son of Jonathan R. and Lina (Wyatt) Shaw, the former of whom was the youngest son of the pioneer Hon. John Shaw, of Clermont county, Ohio, of Virginia and Kentucky ancestors, and of Irish and Welsh extraction, respectively. Jonathan R. Shaw (father of our subject) and his father were successful farmers in southern Clermont county, near New Richmond, Ohio, where the latter, Hon. John Shaw, located in the very beginning of the century, having crossed the Ohio river from, Campbell county, Kentucky.

Our subject received his early education at Prof. J. K. Parker's Clermont Academy, and in 1868 began the study of medicine with Dr. Kincaid, of New Richmond, Ohio, In the spring of 1873 he was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, and began the practice of his profession March 17, 1873. in Union. Boone Co., Ky., where lie remained a very short time, when his beloved and esteemed teacher, Prof. Dawson (now deceased), offered hire a position as interne in the Good Samaritan Hospital, made vacant by the death from cholera of Dr. Quick. Upon leaving the hospital in March, 1874, the Doctor located near his present office and residence, and has since continuously practiced. Dr. Shaw is a member of the Academy of Medicine; Ohio State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association; he is also a member of Hoffner Lodge, F. & A. M. On November 7, 1878, the Doctor was married to Miss Mary E., daughter of the late Hon. Joseph C. and Amanda Hughes,

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of Boone county. This union is blessed with four children: Juliet, born August 16, 1879: Joseph Hughes, born October 26, 1883; William E., Jr., born July 1, 1887, and Ruth. horn January 16, 1891. Dr. and Mrs. Shaw are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church; politically he is a Democrat, but a liberal independent voter.

E. GUSTAV ZINKE, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 85 Garfield place, Cincinnati, was born in Spremberg, Province of Brandenburg, Germany, May 29, 1846. a son of Earnest W. and Amelia (Martin) Zinke, the former of whom, who was a boot and shoe merchant, died in 1874, at Goerlitz. Silesia, Germany, aged fifty nine; the latter died in the same place aged seventy-three, in 1894.

Our subject is the second in a family of seven children, five of whom are living. He was educated in the common schools of Goerlitz, and when sixteen years of age entered the Prussian navy, serving his country for eight years, and during this service he had an opportunity of visiting all the important ports of the old and new world. He was several times promoted. One of his ships took part in the opening exercises of the Suez Canal, November 29, 1869, and shortly after went to South America, where some of the crew contracted yellow fever, in consequence of which the vessel was at once ordered north. While off the coast of the United States, our subject decided to take " French leave," and carried out his desire soon after his ship arrived in New York. He proceeded at once to Virden, Ill., where ho spent two years working on a farm, attending school and teaching German. In 1872, he began the study of medicine under Dr. Jones, a homeopathist of Girard, Ill. Six months later he entered the office of a regular physician, Dr. J. P. Mitchell, of the same town. He matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio in the fall of 1873, graduated in the spring of 1875, and at once entered upon the practice of his profession in Cincinnati. He never severed his connection with his alma mater, and served consecutively this time-honored institution, first in the capacity of assistant to the chair of ophthalmology and otology, under Prof. W. W. Seely, as prosector to the chair of anatomy under Prof. P. S. Conner, and as assistant to the chair of obstetrics and gynecology. When the occupant of that chair, Prof. C. D. Palmer, met with a serious accident which disabled him for months, Dr. Zinke was called upon to fill the temporary vacancy. Upon the return of Dr. Palmer to his duties, as a reward for his services Dr. Zinke was appointed adjunct professor of obstetrics and clinical midwifery, an office created especially for him, and which he still holds. Soon after, Dr. Zinke successfully inaugurated the outdoor obstetrical clinic, of the Medical College of Ohio, and, tinder his energetic efforts and skillful management, this clinic became one of the most important of the college. Dr. Zinke also lent his tune and experience to organizing and establishing, in Cincinnati, the German Protestant Hospital, becoming a member of its board of managers and president of its medical staff. He is in charge of the wards devoted to diseases of women and midwifery in this institution. He is also consulting gynecologist to the Presbyterian Hospital and Woman's Medical College; president of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; a member of the Cincinnati Obstetrical Society, of which he was president (1885); a member of the American Medical Association; the British Gynecological Association; the Ohio State Medical Society, etc.

In spite of the duties of a large practice, Dr. Zinke has found time to do considerable literary work for the medical press of this country, and among the more important of his contributions we mention: "Treatment of Diphtheria by Quinia Inhalation;" "Emmet's Operation: When shall it, and when shall it not, be performed?" " The rise of Chloroform during Labor; " "The Treatment of Hemorrhoids by Carbolic Acid Injections-," " Puerperal Fever and the Early Employment of Antiseptic Vaginal Injections;" "Gastro Elytrotomy and the Porro Operation vs. The Saenger Method of Performing Cesarean Section;" "Cesarean Section, with report of a Case. and a full Description of the Saenger Operation;" "Varieties and Causes of Extra Uterine Pregnancy," and others. Dr. Zinke performed,

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January. 1893, the first successful Cesarean section for Cincinnati, saving both mother and child: in May of the same year, he performed the first " Symphyseotomy" in the State of Ohio. also saving both lives. Dr. Zinke was united in marriage March 26, 1879. with Miss Clara Von Soggern, eldest daughter of Chris Von Seggern, a well-known attorney of Cincinnati, and to this marriage two children have been born: Stanley G., born August 25, 1880, and Edna A., born November 29, 1883. In 1891 Dr. Zinke with his family went abroad for six months, visiting Paris, Vienna, Breslau, Berlin. London and Birmingham, and on his return purchased his present elegant residence at No. 83 Garfield place. Dr. Zinke and wife are members of the St. John's Lutheran Church. The Doctor is a thirty-second degree Mason: politically he is a stalwart Republican.

DR. JAMES GILMOUR HYNDMAN, M. D., No. 98 West Ninth street, Cincinnati, was born in that city, September 12, 1853, His parents, William Graves and Barbara (Gilmour) Hyndman, who were natives of the North of Ireland, came, to this country while children, receiving their education here. His father has had a successful business career as a manufacturer of iron roofing, and is a man whose inventive genius has contributed largely to his success.

The Doctor received his preliminary education in Cincinnati, where, at the age of seventeen, lie graduated at Woodward High School. His medical studies were begun under the preceptorship of Dr. James T. Whittaker, and in 1874 he graduated from the Medical College of Ohio. Entering a competitive examination, he was successful in obtaining the position of resident physician to the Cincinnati Hospital, in which capacity he served for two years, and then opened an office for the practice of his profession. For several years he acted as assistant editor of the Clinic, a local medical journal, in connection with which journal and its successors he has contributed quite extensively to medical literature. In addition to numerous articles on medical subjects, published in medical journals, be was one of the translators, from the German, of Ziemssen's Cyclopedia of Medicine, probably the most extensive medical publication ever issued. In 1879, he was made professor of medical chemistry and clinical laryngology in his alma mater, the Medical College of Ohio, which chair lie still occupies. He has. since 1881, been secretary of the Faculty of this school. His tastes led hint to devote special attention to diseases of the throat. and air passages, and the greater portion of his literary and professional work has been in this department. In addition to his professorship, he has for several years been the chief of the large throat dispensary connected with the Medical College of Ohio, and is consulting laryngologist of the German Hospital. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine: the Ohio State Medical Society; the Section of Laryngology and Otology of the American Medical Association; the Cincinnati Section of the American Chemical Society, etc. In June, 1883, he was married to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel M. Mitchell, a prominent banker, and one of the oldest citizens of Martinsville, Indiana.

CHARLES ALFRED LEE REED, M. D., is the second son of R. C. Stockton Reed, M. D., by his first wife, Nancy Reed (born Clark), and was born at Wolf Lake, Noble Co., Indiana, July 9, 1856. In consequence of the death of his mother July 13, 1856, he was brought to Ohio when a little over two months of age, and was reared during the succeeding ten years by his grandparents in Montgomery County, Ohio. A year later he was installed as a pupil in the private academy of Prof. Starr, of Danbury, Conn., then located at Seven Mile, Ohio, and became famous as a successful teacher of classics. Beginning three years later, four years were spent in alternate attendance upon medical lectures and under private instruction on allied literary anti scientific subjects, the interval of six months between the lecture courses being occupied in the latter manner. The degree of M.D. was conferred upon him February 16, 1874, by the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, in which institution his father was then professor of materia medica and therapeutics, and sub-

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sequently dean of the Faculty, From 1874 to 1878 Dr. Reed practiced his profession in Cincinnati, occupying the professorship of general pathology at his alma mater in the latter two of these years. In the spring of 1878, in consequence of impaired health, he removed to Fidelity, Jersey Co., Ill., where he practiced until 1880, at which time he returned to Ohio. locating at Hamilton. In 1882 he renewed his connection with the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery (Medical Department of the University of Cincinnati), by accepting the professorship of diseases of women and abdominal surgery, which chair he still occupies. In 1886. at the invitation of Mr. Lawson Tait, of Birmingham, England, he visited that world renowned surgeon, and became his assistant. Returning to America after having visited the leading operators of Europe. he resumed his residence in Cincinnati in September, 1887, devoting himself exclusively to the treatment of the diseases of women and abdominal surgery, being the first member of his profession in Cincinnati to thus limit his practice. In 1887, while in London, Dr. Reed was made a Life Fellow of the British Gynecological Society. In 1888 he became one of the founders of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, an organization of limited membership restricted to the leading practitioners in that department in America, and which has been one of the most conspicuously successful scientific organizations on the continent. In 1890 at Nashville, Tenn., Dr. Reed was elected chairman of the section of obstetrics and diseases of women of the American Medical Association, and presided in that capacity at the meeting held at Washington, D. C., the ensuing year. In 1891 Dr. Reed was elected, at St. Louis, president of the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, embracing all of the interior States, and presided at the meeting of the same held in Cincinnati in 1892. In 1891 he was elected dean of the Faculty of the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, which position he now occupies. In 1892 he was nominated by the board of education, and confirmed by the board of legislation of Cincinnati, as a member of the directors of the University of Cincinnati. In addition to the medical societies already mentioned, Dr. Reed is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, and various. local medical organizations. He and six others, under the chairmanship of Prof. Jacobi, of New York. comprised the American committee of the World's International Medical Congress which met at Rome, Italy, in 1894. Dr. Reed's contributions to the current medical literature have been numerous. At the general session of the American Medical Association. On that occasion he framed and introduced a resolution under the terms of which the American Medical Association extended an invitation to the medical profession of the Eastern. Hemisphere to meet in the United States in an Intercontinental American Medical Congress. The result was the enthusiastic adoption of the resolution and the assembling, under the auspices of the United States Government, of the First Pan-American Medical Congress in Washington, D. C., September 5 and 8, 1893. The work of organizing this congress. which was attended by nearly a thousand members, eighteen American countries and colonies being represented, devolved almost exclusively upon Dr. Reed who served the organization in the capacity of secretary-general. At the conclusion of the congress. and on the occasion of the visit of the foreign delegates to Philadelphia, the president, of the congress, provost of the University of Pennsylvania in the library of that institution, presented Dr. Reed with au elegant silver salver inscribed as follows: " Presented to Dr. C. A. L. Reed, of Cincinnati, Ohio, Secretary-General, by the members of the First Pan-American Medical Congress Washington, D. C., September 5 and 8, 1893, to commemorate the brilliant success largely due to his faithful and devoted efforts in its organization of that important occasion, when for the first time the representatives of the Medical Profession of the Western Hemisphere met in council for the advancement of science and the promotion of the public health."

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Dr. Reed was married May 27, 1880, to Irene Eliza Dougharty, of Otterville, Ill., and two children-Winnifred, born January 13, 1884, and Lawson F., born December 4, 1888-have been the result of this union.

ISAAC C. MILLER, M. D., was born August 1, 1852, a son of Isaac C. and Elizabeth C. (Hey) Miller, and a grandson of John R. Miller, born in 1786, who came to Cincinnati in 1798, and Mary (Dunham) Miller, born in 1799. Isaac C. Miller, Sr., was graduated at the Medical College of Ohio in 1844, and was a successful physician at Cincinnati; he was born August 24, 1815, and died July 15, 1856. Mrs. Elizabeth C. (Hey) Miller was born at Cincinnati, December 22, 1829, a daughter of Bartholomew and Elizabeth (Paull) Hey, the former of whom was born in Sherburn, Yorkshire, England, in 1799, and died, in 1837, at Cincinnati, where he was engaged as a merchant.

The subject of this sketch attended the public schools of Cincinnati in his boyhood, but after the age of twelve his education was pursued in England and Germany. Returning to America, he began the study of medicine under Dr. John Davis, and graduated from Miami Medical College in 1874. He immediately opened an office for the practice of his profession on Colerain avenue, near Hoffner street, in the Twenty-fifth Ward of Cincinnati, but removed to Knoxville, Tenn., a short time afterward. His success at that city, however, being unsatisfactory, he returned to Ohio, locating in Green township, Hamilton county; but failing to find a country practice congenial, he returned to Cincinnati, where he opened an office at his pies. ant location, No. 298 Auburn avenue, near Vine street, Mt, Auburn. The Doctor is a general practitioner, and one of the successful but unassuming physicians of the city. He is connected with the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery as clinical assistant in the obstetrical department. In June, 1877, Dr. Miller was united in marriage with Sophia Kisker, of Cincinnati, a daughter of Sophia and Frederick Kisker, who came to that city from Westphalia, Germany. One child has been born to this union: Esther Alberta, a student at Miss Lucy Sargent's school for young ladies, at Mt. Auburn. In politics the Doctor is independent.

JOHN A. CULVER, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 1023 West Eighth street, was born at Napoleon, Indiana, February 10, 1853, a son of 'James M. ant] Ellen A. (Murphy) Culver. The father was born in Indiana February 15, 1825, and is descended from an old Maryland family of German and French origin. In his younger days he was engineer of a steamboat on the Ohio river; later was superintendent of bridge repairs; still later a conductor on the O. & M. railroad, and is at present in the grocery business. He is a son of Aaron and Cassander (Hous) Culver, the former in early life an Indian scout and guide and veteran of the war of 1812. Ellen (Murphy) Culver was born at Carbondale, Penn., February 11, 1833, of Irish parentage.

Dr. Culver received his early education at St. Mary's Institute, Dayton, Ohio; Notre Dame University, South Bend. Indiana, and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He studied medicine with Dr. James W. F. Gerrish, at Seymour, Indiana; graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in the spring of 1874, and began the practice of his profession at Seymour, Indiana. After two years he removed to Cincinnati and opened his present office. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Hamilton County Medical Society. Dr. Culver was united in marriage February 2, 1879, to Miss Emma, daughter of John and Belinda Jenkins, the former a native of England, the latter of Pennsylvania. This union has been blessed with one son: John M. Culver, born January 25, 1880. Dr. Culver's wife died February 19, 1893.

THOMAS VANHOOK FITZPATRICK, laryngologist and aurist, office No. 136 Garfield place, Cincinnati, residence, Norwood, Hamilton county, Ohio, was born at Nicholsville, Clermont Co., Ohio, April 9, 1855, son of Solomon and Zerilda (Vanhook) Fitzpatrick, natives of Crab Orchard, Ky. The father, a farmer by occupation,

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was born December 14, 1793, and died February 12. 1868. The mother was born August 26, 1812, and died February 5, 1875. They were the parents of a large family of children, most of whom are now deceased.

Thomas V. Fitzpatrick, after attending Hughes High School, Cincinnati, matriculated at the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and was graduated in 1875. In 1890 he received the honorary degree of Ph.D. from Twin Valley College. He practiced general medicine in Paragon, Indiana, from 1875 to 1876, and from this to 1887 at New Baltimore, Hamilton Co., Ohio. The following year he attended the Now York Post-Graduate School of Medicine, and since the spring of 1888 has given his attention to laryngology and otology. Dr. Fitzpatrick was united in marriage to Miss Lotta A., daughter of John and Roxie A. (Buell) Willey, whose parents were among the early pioneers of Hamilton county. The issue of this marriage is one child. E. Verne, now a boy of five summers. Mrs. Fitzpatrick died October 8, 1893. Dr. Fitzpatrick is a member of the American Medical Association, Ohio State Medical Society, Miami Valley Association, Mississippi Valley Association, Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, Pan-American Medical Congress, and was secretary of the Ohio State Medical Society, and of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine from 1890 to 1893, and is professor of laryngology and otology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and Woman's Medical College. The Doctor is liberal in his religious views, and politically he is a Republican.