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RUDOLPH HUGH REEMELIN, M. D., office, No. 493 Elm street, Cincinnati, was born in Dent. Hamilton Co., Ohio. February 28, 1855, the third son of Hon. Charles Gustav Reemelin (a sketch of whom appears in this volume). He graduated in medicine July 24, 1875, from the University of Julius Maximilian, at Wurzburg, Bavaria, Germany, and after visiting the universities at Vienna, Paris and London returned to America and opened an office in Cincinnati, at No. 85 Garfield place. Here he practiced until 1879, when he moved to Madison, Indiana. In 1884 he returned to Cincinnati and opened his present office.

Hon. Charles Reemelin (father of our subject) has remarked: "The Doctor is the most German of all my children." He is connected with many German societies as physician: is an ardent supporter of the German stage and German song; is the representative of the largest German lodge in the city, in the Odd Fellows' Temple Company Directory, and was instrumental in establishing,, many of the special features of this splendid building. While in Madison, Indiana, he was a member of the 'Merchants' and Manufacturers' Club that established the cotton-mill, woolen-mill and opera-house in that city. Dr. Heemelin was married October 18, 1882, to Miss Clara, daughter of Otto Marmet, of Cincinnati, and this union is blessed with three children: Sallie. Born March 20, 1884; Otto, born August 30, 1886, and Lena Louisa, born August 14, 1893. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; politically he is a Democrat.

GILES SANDY MITCHELL, M. D.. is a native of Indiana, born May 31, 1852, His parents were also natives of that State, and their home was at Martinsville, Indiana, where the father, Samuel M. Mitchell. was the leading banker until his death, which occurred July 14, 1892, Dr. Mitchell's middle name is the family name of his mother. Col. Giles Mitchell, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Virginia. William 'Mitchell, the great-grandfather of Dr. Mitchell, was born in 1747, also in Virginia; was a soldier under Washington, and was present at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown. In the latter part of the eighteenth century Col. Giles Mitchell migrated to Indiana when it was a territory, and established his rights there as a commander of a regiment of Indiana militia by many a hard fight with the Indians. The Doctor was educated at the Indiana State University, Bloomington, where he graduated in the class of 1873, and be at once came to Cincinnati and began the study of medicine with Dr. T. A. Reamy. After graduating at the Medical College of Ohio in 1875 he began the practice of his profession with his

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erstwhile preceptor as a partner. He assisted Dr. Reamy in establishing his hospital, the first headquarters of the institution being at the corner of Vine and Seventh streets. Soon after securing his degree of M. D., in 1875, Dr. Mitchell was married to Miss Mary A. Reamy, only daughter of his preceptor and partner. A year later his wife died from tuberculosis, when Dr. Mitchell found himself suffering from the same malady. He at once set about the business of getting well, and to this end went to the south of France. This was in 1876. After spending several months in France and southern Italy he entirely recovered his health. He then repaired to Vienna, where for fifteen months he devoted himself to the study of his profession. He then spent sonic time in Strasburg, finally returning to America, and to Cincinnati in 1878, when he resumed the practice of medicine. On October 22, 1883, Dr. Mitchell was again married, his second wife being Miss Esther DeCamp, eldest daughter of John and Serena Hildreth DeCamp, a young woman of fine musical talents arid varied accomplishments, a graduate of the art department of the University of Cincinnati, from which institution she received the gold medal for superior excellence in drawing and wood carving.

Dr. Mitchell is an ex-president of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; a mew. her of the American Medical Association and the Cincinnati Obstetrical Society. He is professor of obstetrics in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and professor of clinical gynecology in the Presbyterian Hospital and Woman's Medical College of Cincinnati. He is a frequent contributor to current medical literature. He was the executive president of the obstetrical section of the first Pan-American Medical Congress held in Washington, D. C., 1893. His home is now on West Eighth street, Cincinnati.

J. T. KNOX, M. D., was born in Butler county, Ohio, October 1, 1846, the second of the five sons of James H. and Adaline E. (Thomas) Knox, the former of whom was born, reared and educated in Butler county, where he spent seventy-seven years of his life, dying there in 1892, During his business life he was a farmer. He and his wife were of Scotch descent.

Dr. Knox was reared on the farm in Butler county, and secured his literary education at Miami University, graduating from that institution in 1869. He studied medicine, and was graduated from the Ohio State Medical College in 1875, Dr. P. S. Conner being one of his teachers. Dr. Knox located in Cincinnati in 1875, and has been engaged exclusively in the practice ever since; was elected city physician in 1875, and held the position eleven successive years. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati. He is a prominent Mason, as Knight Templar, and a member of the Mystic Shrine. Dr. Knox was united in marriage, at Hamilton, Ohio, to the daughter of Dr. Henry and Ann (Rider) Mallory, of that city, of German and English descent, This, union has been blessed with two children: Gertrude Mallory and Norma Josephine.

C. S. MUSCROFT, M. D., was born August 17, 1852, in Cincinnati, son of Dr. C. S. and Harriet (Palmer) Muscroft, the former of whom was born, in 1820, at Sheffield, England, the latter in Indiana. His father came with his parents from England to Cincinnati in 1828. Here be was reared, educated, studied medicine, and was graduated at the Ohio Medical College in 1843. He then engaged in the practice of medicine in Cincinnati until 1861, when he went with the Ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry as regimental surgeon, was shortly afterward transferred to the Tenth Regiment, and later became brigade surgeon under Gen. Thomas. After returning from the war he continued the practice of medicine until the clay of his death. He built up for himself an enviable reputation and left an example worthy the imitation and admiration of the rising generations. The subject of this sketch was the only child that grew to maturity. He was reared and educated in private and public schools Of Cincinnati. studied medicine, and in 1875 was graduated from the Miami Medical College, immediately commencing the regular practice of medicine and sur-

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gory in Cincinnati, in which he has since been actively engaged. Ho has held many positions of importance in a professional way. He is an active member of the Academy of Medicine at Cincinnati and the Ohio Medical Society. He was appointed quarantine physician against the yellow fever in 1878-79; in 1880 he served Cincinnati as police surgeon; in 1882 he was elected coroner and served one term. The Doctor is an advocate of one-term service in all elective offices. He now holds the responsible position of surgeon for several railroads: the Chesapeake & Ohio railroad; the "Big Four" railroad; C. L. & Northern railroad; and is also surgeon for several street railroad lines, the Cincinnati Street Railway Company, the Mt. Adams and Eden Park railroad, Cincinnati Incline Railway Company, and other lines. He is also surgeon for the Cincinnati Suburban Telegraph Association. The Doctor served as a member of the staff of St. Mary's Hospital for fifteen years. He is a prominent member of the Society of Elks, has passed all the chairs in the subordinate lodge, and served one term as district deputy. In politics he is a Democrat. Dr. Muscroft was united in marriage March 12, 1882, in Cincinnati, with Miss Stella, daughter of Charles C. and Anna (Wood) Collins. She is of English descent. This union has been blessed with three children: Charles C., Edward Walter and Florence Elizabeth. Mrs. Muscroft is a member of the Episcopal Church.

WELSER L. WILLIAMS, homeopathic physician and surgeon, office and residence corner Woodburn and Gilbert avenues, Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, was born in Cincinnati, October 11, 1852, a son of Milton L. and Caroline C. (Welser) Williams. The former was born September 18, 1814, in Cincinnati, the latter March 21, 1818, in Philadelphia. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, died December 18, 1870, and the mother May 7, 1885. Milton L. Williams was a son. of Peter Williams, a farmer by occupation, and a Virginian by birth, who came to Cincinnati in 1804. Caroline C. Welser, mother of our subject, was a daughter of Godfrey Welser, a practicing physician of Philadelphia, of German descent. Our subject received his early education in Delaware, Ohio, studied medicine under Dr. George Mendenhall, and afterward with Dr. W. G. Pendery, and graduated, February 11, 1875, from the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati, immediately beginning the practice of his profession, making a specialty of the diseases of women and children. The Doctor is a member of the Homeopathic State Medical Society of Ohio, the Cincinnati Homeopathic Lyceum, and the National Union. He was married February 7, 1888, to Clara B., daughter of John and Ellen Espey Roberts. The family are Episcopalians.

GEORGE WASHINGTON PRUGH, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 491 Eastern avenue, was born, in 1849, in Miami county, Ohio. a son of Jesse and Ann Rebecca (Darner) Prugh, natives of Frederick county, Md., of German descent. Jesse Prugh, father of our subject, was born in 1817, cleared a farm in Miami county, Ohio, in 1849, and successfully managed same until 1869, when be entered the queensware business in Piqua, Ohio; meeting with reverses, he again engaged in farming, which he continued to follow for several years, and then returned to Piqua, where he now lives in retirement. Ann Rebecca Prugh was born in 1822, and is still living in their home in Piqua. Jesse Prugh is a son of John and Catherine E. (Haynes) Prugh, of German descent, whose parents were natives of Germany.

Our subject received his early education in the public schools of Miami county, and the high schools at Piqua, Ohio, studied medicine with Dr. George S. Hyde, of Piqua, graduated from the Ohio Medical College in 1875, and at once began the practice of his profession in Cincinnati. The Doctor was formerly a member of the Loveland Medical Society, and the Hamilton County Medical Association. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine, Cincinnati, and of the I. O. O. F., Fraternal Mystic Circle, and the Knights of Honor. He has frequently contributed various articles to the local medical journals, and is one of the few physicians whose prac-

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tice requires his whole time and attention. Dr. Prugh was married, October 15, 1878, to Lucy (Maxwell) Shipley, daughter of Richard W. and Mary E. Shipley, natives of Maryland and England, respectively, and of English descent. This happy union has been blessed with one child: George Shipley Prugh, born December 24, 1890. The family are members of the Methodist Church, and politically the Doctor is a lifelong Republican.

SAMUEL ROBERT GEISER, A. M., M.D., office and residence No. 1511 Baymiller street, Cincinnati, was born near Fredericksburg, Osage Co., Mo., April 16, 1850. He is a son of John Abraham and Susan Catherine (Clossner) Geiser, both natives of Germany, the former of whom was a noted musician and composer of music in Germany and France, and also director of an orchestra of fifty pieces. In America he followed the flour and milling business until his death, which occurred December 24, 1870, when he was seventy-two years of age. Susan (Clossner) Geiser departed this life August 13, 1873, when fifty-seven years of age. Dr. Geiser received his early education at the Central College at Warrenton, Mo., and subsequently became a teacher of music in that institution. He graduated in medicine February 11, 1875, from Pulte Medical College, Cincinnati, after which he attended a post-graduate school of medicine and, Polyclinic in New York City, and took a post-graduate course at Chicago, Ill. He then returned to Cincinnati and opened an office at No. 182 Everett street, where he remained one year, and then removed to his present location. The Doctor is a member of the Homeopathic State Society, American Institute of Homeopathy, and the Homeopathic Lyceum, of which he is president. He is a lecturer on diseases of children at Pulte Medical College, and a frequent contributor to various homeopathic journals, and to State Society proceedings. This gentleman was united in marriage, March 22, 1876, with Miss Tillie R. Prior, daughter of C. W. and Mary E. Prior, natives of Germany, the former of whom was a contractor and builder, and a leading citizen of Cincinnati. Two children have blessed this union, Charles Edward, born May 5, 1878, and Helen Prior, born June 21, 1888, Dr. Geiser came to Cincinnati in 1873, a stranger in a strange city, and after graduation began the practice of his profession amongst strangers. In a very short time his ability became recognized, and his practice has largely increased, until to-day be enjoys one of the most extensive and lucrative practices of any homeopathic physician in Cincinnati.

JOSEPH WATSON, physician and surgeon, No. 523 Eastern avenue, Cincinnati, was born March 10, 1853, in the house he now occupies. He is the son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Stone) Watson, the former of whom, born March 20, 1830, near Elizabeth, Penn., died March 19, 1886. This gentleman followed boat building until the breaking out of the Civil war, when he enlisted in the navy of the North, and served during the entire conflict. After the close of the war he resumed boat building, anal continued to follow it up to the time of his death. Joseph Watson, Sr., was a member of the F. & A. M. He was a self-educated and self-made toan; receiving his first lessons in an old log schoolhouse near the place of his birth, he worked by day, and studied at night, thus accumulating his store of knowledge. He had no superior in his line of work at the time of his death. Joseph Watson, Sr., was a son of John and Lydia (Wycoff) Watson, of Virginia. John Watson's parents were John and Elizabeth (Hare) Watson, of England. Elizabeth Stone, mother of our subject, was born in Cincinnati, May 15, 1831, and died June 11, 1877, She was a daughter of Elias and Julia M. (Genoway) Stone, of Virginia.

Joseph Watson (our subject) received his early education in the public schools of Cincinnati, studying medicine under Prof. James T. Whittaker, and graduating from the Medical College of Ohio in the spring of 1876. During his college days he took special courses of study under Drs. Carson, Bartholomew, Comegys and Thornton. He secured the Dawson prize in 1875. From 1875 to 1876 he served in the Cincinnati Hospital with the lamented and brilliant Stallo, and after gradua-

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tion located his office at his present home, where he has since practiced with the ,exception of two years, when he was engaged in teaching anatomy in the Cincinnati College. Dr. Watson is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Walnut Hills Medical Society, of the F. & A. M., of which he is a 32 degree Mason, K. T., and I. O. O. F. Dr. Watson was married, January 1, 1881, to Katie Fink, daughter of Adam and Elizabeth (blasser) Fink, natives of Germany, the former of whom was born in Bavaria, the latter in Hesse-Darmstadt. They have one son, Joseph, Jr., born March 19, 1892. Mrs. Watson's parents came to this country when about sixteen years of age. Mrs. Watson was born July 14, 1865; she is a member of the Episcopal Church. Dr. Watson was reared a Presbyterian, and politically he is a Republican.

WILLIAM KNIGHT, physician and surgeon, office No. 119 Garfield place, was born December 11, 1851, in London, England, a son of Richard and Elizabeth (Carter) Knight, the former a wholesale and retail stationer. Owing to the loss of a large sum of money by endorsing, he decided to try his fortune in America, and in 1853 sailed with his family for New York City; in the same year he lost the remnant of his fortune in the Erie railroad at New York. In 1885 he removed his family to Cincinnati, where he engaged as bookkeeper with John Swasey & Company. In 1861 with his family, then consisting of wife and nine children, he removed to Charleston, W. Va., where he opened a wholesale and retail grocery. His two younger sons, William and Harry, were sent to a private school conducted by Rev. Mr. Blair, and for several years they enjoyed the privilege of study with this excellent man. The sudden death of their father, in 1866, left them in straitened circumstances, and William and his brother Harry were compelled to leave the tuition of Rev. Mr. Blair and come to Cincinnati.

Here William entered a drug store, and a few years later studied medicine with his present and lifelong friend, Dr. H. C. Juler. In the spring of 1876 he graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, and has since practiced with his preceptor, Dr. Juler. In 1881 Dr. Knight was appointed demonstrator of anatomy at the Ohio College of Dental Surgery, and in 1885 succeeded Prof. Charles Kearns as professor of anatomy and oral surgery at the same institution, a position he still holds. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association. He is also surgeon to the Order of St. George. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., in which at various times he has held positions of honor. Dr. Knight has contributed several articles to tile local medical journals, a few of which we mention: "History of Anatomy in Ancient Times;" "Excision of the Upper Jaw;" "Tumor of the Lower Jaw;" "Hypertrophy of the Gums;" "Resection of the Lower Jaw for Permanent Closure;" "Salivary Fistula." Dr. Knight's special study and pleasure is oral surgery. This gentleman was united in marriage, April 11, 1890, in Louisville, Ky., with Miss Agnes, daughter of Daniel McLain, and by this marriage two children have been born, Elizabeth Carter Knight and Richard Juler Knight. Dr. Knight and wife are members of the Episcopal Church.

GEORGE WASHINGTON ROFELTY, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 248 Hamilton avenue, Cincinnati, was born in Green township, Hamilton Co., Ohio, October 5, 1851. He is a son of William Justis and Catherine Ann (Markland) Rofelty, both of whom were born in Hamilton county, the former in January, 1828, the latter October 19, 1831. William J. Rofelty commenced teaching school when quite .a voting man, and later became a farmer, following that occupation until his death, which occurred January 20, 1876. He was a son of Eli and Susana (Miller) Rofelty. Eli Rofelty's parents wore original Pennsylvania-German stock, who came to Hamilton county in the year 1800.

Dr. Rofelty received his early education in the common schools, and when sixteen years of age received a teacher's certificate, after which he taught school in the

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winter, and used the finances thus accumulated in attending Normal College at Lebanon, Ohio, in the summer, until he was twenty-two years of age, when he entered the Medical College of Ohio, paying all his fees except graduation at this institution by work in the dispensary and assisting in the various clinics. He graduated in the spring of 1876, having studied under Dr. Weidler and Prof. H. C. Baum, and immediately opened an office for the practice of his profession at Mount Healthy, and later moving to his present location. Dr. Rofelty was united in marriage, December 31, 1876, with Mrs. Mary M. Wright, nee Jackson, daughter of Joseph and Nancy (Riddle) Jackson. Nancy Riddle was a daughter of Col. John Riddle, one of the pioneer settlers of Mill Creek Valley, whose ancestry dates back in Scottish history to a very early date. One child has blessed this union, Clarence Rofelty, who is now a student in electricity. George Francis Wright, a stepson of Dr. Rofelty, is a mechanical engineer in the office of Mr. Bert Baldwin, of Cincinnati, mechanical engineer of the Cincinnati Consolidated railroad. Dr. Rofelty has devoted and still devotes all his spare time to botany and geology.

HENRY WARREN HAWLEY, physician and surgeon, office No. 129 West Ninth street, was born March 31, 1854, in Medina, Orleans Co., N. Y. He is a son of Edward P. and Eunice A. (Bruce) Hawley, the former born at Lockport, N. Y., December 25, 1820, the latter at Medina December 26, 1828. The father graduated in dentistry, and practiced in Rochester and Medina until the beginning of the Civil war, when he entered the milling business. Mrs. Eunice Hawley departed this life in 1882; she was a direct descendant of the Bruce family of Scotland. Dr. Hawley received his early education in Medina, N. Y., studied medicine with Dr. R. S. Bishop, of that city, and graduated from Pulte Medical College in 1877. He opened an office for the practice of his profession at Vincennes, Ind., after a time removed to Rochester, thence to Toledo, and thence, in October, 1882, to Cincinnati. Dr. Hawley makes a specialty of gynecology, and has contributed various articles for medical journals. He is a member of the F. & A. M. He was united in marriage, in September, 1879, with Miss May, daughter of William and Emma Martin, of Cincinnati, and this union has been blessed with one daughter, Emma Louisa Hawley, born October 9, 1880. The family are members of the Congregational Church.

JOHN M. SHALLER, M. D., office No. 49 Webster street, was born in Cincinnati May 19, 1856, son of Michael and Louisa (Nicer) Shaller, natives of Germany, whence they emigrated to Memphis, Tenn., in 1832, and in 1853 came to Cincinnati. Our subject was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, and at the military academy of Lexington, Ky. A three years' clerkship in a drug store afforded a valuable introduction to the study of medicine, which he pursued at the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, graduating in 1878. He at once entered upon the active practice of his profession, at his present location, in which he bas achieved success. On February 16. 1887, the Doctor married Susie, daughter of J. B. and Thomas Ella (Pearsall) Moore, of Tuscumbia, Ala. Mr. Moore is a well-known criminal lawyer. Mr. and Mrs. Shaller are members of the Episcopal Church, and the Doctor is a Republican in politics. He has been professor of physiology at the Cincinnati Medical College for twelve years, and professor of comparative physiology at the Ohio Veterinary School since its organization. He is also a member of the Academy of Medicine; the American Medical Association, and the Ohio State Medical Society.

LOUIS J. KROUSE, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 302 West Eighth street, was born in Cincinnati October 15, 1856, son of Jacob and Caroline (Cohen) Krouse, natives of Bavaria, of German origin. His father and mother are both living; the former came to America in 1849, and the latter at the age of fifteen. Louis J. received his education in Cincinnati, graduating at Woodward High School in 1875. He studied medicine under Dr. B. Bettman, and in 1876 matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio, graduating from that institution in the spring of 1879.

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He then went abroad, studying for two years and a half in the hospitals of Strasburg, Vienna, Paris and London. Returning to Cincinnati in the summer of 1881, he opened an office and entered upon the practice of his profession, giving his attention to medicine and general surgery until 1890, since which time he has made a . specialty of diseases of the rectum and genito-urinary organs. He is connected with the Medical College of Ohio, is visiting surgeon to the Jewish Hospital in Avondale, and is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the American Medical Association, the Natural History Society, and the Knights of Pythias. In 1892 the Doctor married Miss Settle Strauss, daughter of Isaac Strauss, deceased.

MAX THORNER, physician and surgeon, office No. 141 Garfield place, Cincinnati, was born at Geestemuende, Germany, April 2, 1859, a son of Jacob and Bertha (Valentine) Thorner. His father, a merchant by occupation, was a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Board of Trade, and the Board of Education, and after his retirement from business, at the age of sixty, was president of the City Savings Bank of Geestemuende until his death; he was also president of a number of charitable and social organizations in that city.

There our subject was educated at the public and high schools, and after taking a classical course at the Grand Ducal College of Oldenburg, where he graduated in the spring of 1879, he pursued his studies at the Universities of Jena, Leipzig, Heidelberg and Munich, graduating from the Royal University of Munich as Doctor of Medicine, Surgery, and Obstetrics, with the degree of Summa cum Laude. He afterward visited the hospitals and clinics of Berlin, Vienna, Paris, and London, devoting his time chiefly to the study of throat, nose, and ear diseases. In London he was clinical assistant in the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat and Chest (Golden Square). He came to Cincinnati in July, 1885, was for a time assistant to the late Dr. Jos. Aub, and in September, 1885, opened an office as a specialist for nose, throat and ear diseases. The Doctor is a member of the American Medical Association; the Ohio State Medical Society; the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; and a Fellow of the Berlin Laryngological Society. He was president of the Cincinnati Medical Society in 1890, was one of the honorary secretaries of the section of laryngology and rhinology in the tenth International Medical Congress in Berlin, and was the secretary of the section on otology in the First Pan-American Medical Congress, held in Washington in September, 1893. The Doctor is professor of clinical laryngology and otology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery; laryngologist and rhinologist to the Cincinnati Hospital; laryngologist and aurist to the Jewish Hospital; and consulting laryngologist and rhinologist to the Ophthalmic Hospital of Cincinnati. He has written many valuable articles for various medical journals, among which may be mentioned: "Pneumonia crouposa congenita" (Inaugural Dissertation); " A cockle-bur extracted from the larynx; " "On the internal use of salol in affections of the throat, nose and ear;" " A new galvano-cautery handle; '' " A case of Tinnitus Aurium relieved by the removal of an intranasal obstruction; "Chronic affections of the throat of rheumatic origin;" "Erysipelas of the larynx; " "Laryngotomy for cancer of the larynx;" Haematoma of the septum narium;" "Imaginary foreign bodies in the air passages;" " Malignant disease of the larynx, with report of four cases;" "Rheumatic throat affections" (a clinical lecture); "Atrophic dune tumeur laryngee the une enfant; " " The treatment of tuberculous laryngitis with modified tuberculin;" "Benign tumors of the larynx;" "Thrush in an adult during an attack of influenza; " "Curious destruction of the entire pyramid of the temporal bone; The management of foreign bodies in the air-passages; " Pathological conditions following piercing of the lobules of the ear."

The Doctor is one of the associate editors of the "Archives Internationales de Laryngologie et d'Otologie," published in Paris, France. He is also author of the article on "Acute Pharyngitis," in Vol. II of the "System of Diseases of the Ear, Nose, and Throat," edited by Dr. C. H. Burnett, Philadelphia.

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NATHAN WALLACE ABBOTT, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 268^; Clark street, was born January 31, 1854, at Hillsborough, Dearborn Co., Ind., a son of William Naylor and Lucinda (Wallace) Abbott, and a grandson of William L. and Elizabeth (Naylor) Abbott, who removed from New Jersey to Indiana at an early period in the settlement of that State. William Naylor Abbott, who was a farmer by occupation, was born in Dearborn county, Ind., December 5, 1821, and died March 10, 1881. Lucinda (Wallace) Abbott was born near Aurora, Ind., May 26, 1828, a daughter of Nathan and Mary A. (Early) Wallace, who were of Scotch and Irish origin, respectively. Dr. Abbott received his education at the common schools of his native town and at Moore's Hill College, Indiana. In 1879 he graduated from Miami Medical College, and at once entered upon the practice of his profession. He is a general practitioner, and one of the most successful in the section of the city in which he resides. On February 27, 1879, the Doctor married Cora, daughter of Garrett and Mary Roseboom, the former a native of Indiana, and the latter of New Jersey. Two children have blessed this union: William Roseboom Abbott, born September 4, 1884, and Alta Abbott, born November 24, 1887. Dr. and Mrs. Abbott are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in politics he is a Democrat.

WILLIAM EDWARD BLOYER, physician and surgeon, office No. 515 Elm street, Cincinnati. was born February 13, 1853, in Chambersburgh, Franklin Co., Penn., son of Joseph and Martha (McGowan) Bloyer. The former, a native of Germany, came to America with his parents when quite young, learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed for some years, and later became a farmer; he is now living in retirement. Martha (McGowan) Bloyer was born, in 1827, in Chambersburgh, Penn., of Irish and American parentage. Dr. Bloyer received his early education in the public schools of Chambersburgh, Chambersburgh Academy, and finished under a private tutor. He studied medicine with Dr. H. F. Wildasin, of Plattsburgh, Ohio, and in June, 1879, graduated from the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati. In September of the same year he opened an office for the practice of his profession at Catawba, Clark Co., Ohio, and practiced there until October, 1887, when he came to, Cincinnati and located where we now find him. Dr. Bloyer is a general practitioner. He is a member of the National Eclectic Medical Association; the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Society, of which he is an ex-president, and of which he was secretary for five years, and the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society, of which he is also expresident. He has been professor of anatomy at the Eclectic Medical Institute of this city since 1887, and resident physician of the Eclectic Hospital. The Doctor is editor of The Eclectic Medical Cleaner. He was united in marriage, November 2,. 1876, with Helen A. Pinckney, daughter of William and Abagail (Root) Pinckney, and this union was blessed with three children: Maud G., born August 8, 1877; Mary A., born August 30, 1881, and Willie P., born May 20, 1883.

FREDERICK OGDEN MARSH, M.D., office and residence No. 646 Main street, is a native of the Buckeye State, born January 31, 1859, in Warren county. His parents, John and Elmira (Spence) Ogden, were of Scotch-Irish origin, and were natives of the United States; their ancestors came to America in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Both died in Madisonville, Ohio, the father October 1, 1890, the mother September 18, 1891. The family consisted of but two children, only one now living, our subject, who was reared and educated in Ohio.. He very naturally chose the profession of his father, and studied medicine at the University of Cincinnati, where he was graduated in 1879 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and in 1880 with the degree of Master of Arts. He has been actively engaged in the practice of his chosen profession in Cincinnati since 1884. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and the Ohio State Medical Society.. In religion he is a member of the Presbyterian Church; politically, a mugwump.

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WILLIAM HERBERT BELL, physician and surgeon, office No. 290 Race street, residence Crescent Ridge avenue, Clifton, was born at Cincinnati December 10, 1859, a son of Herbert and Sarah Cooper (Procter) Bell, and grandson of John Bell, a merchant of Belfast, Ireland. His father was born at Belfast, immigrated to Cincinnati, and was a successful commission merchant, but is now retired from business. His mother is a native of Cincinnati, a daughter of W. Procter, senior member of the firm of Procter & Gamble. Dr. Bell received his education at the schools of Cincinnati, and at Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio. He began the study of medicine under Drs. M. Gault and J. L. Davis, and is a graduate of Miami Medical College of Cincinnati and the Polyclinic of New York. He began the practice of his profession in Clifton, but subsequently removed his office to No. 102 West Seventh street, and still later to his present location. The Doctor is one of the promising young physicians of Cincinnati, and enjoys a large and lucrative practice. The Bell family are connected with the Episcopal Church, and in politics the Doctor is a Republican.

JAMES MAGOFFIN FRENCH, M.D., office and residence No. 250 West Seventh street, was born in Iberia, Morrow Co., Ohio, May 24, 1858, and is the only son of Rev. William H. and Elizabeth A. (Magoffin) French, natives of Pennsylvania, of English and Scotch-Irish origin. The father is an able and honored minister of the United Presbyterian Church; for twenty years he was pastor of the First United Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati, and at the present time is in the active ministry at Rushville, Ind. His grandfather was also a clergyman in that Church, and preached for some years in Washington county, Penn. The French family is believed to have been of Puritanical origin. Dr. French came to Cincinnati with his parents at the age of twelve years. He received his education in the schools of Cincinnati, at the Ohio Central College, of which his father was president, and at Westminister College, Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1878. His professional preparation was begun under the preceptorship of his uncle, Dr. Montrose M. Magoffin, of Mercer, Mercer Co., Penn.; in 1878 he matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio, and after completing the prescribed course graduated, in 1880. For one year be was resident physician at the Good Samaritan Hospital, after which he opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 98 West Seventh street, whence after a time he removed to his present location. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association. He is one of the physicians to St. Mary's Hospital, and is the lecturer on morbid anatomy and demonstrator of pathology at the Medical College of Ohio. he is also assistant police surgeon, and medical examiner for the John Hancock Life Insurance Company of Boston, and the United States Life Insurance Company of New York. In 1886 he was United States pension examiner. The Doctor has been connected with the literature of his profession as editor and publisher of the Ohio Medical Journal, which be established in 1890 as the Journal of the Medical College of Ohio; he was also a contributor to the Reference Hand Book of the Medical Sciences, a voluminous work in eight volumes and a recognized authority upon the subjects on which it treats. On April 16. 1884, the Doctor married Alice, daughter of the late Rudolph and Elizabeth (Dumm) Seipel, of Lancaster, and to this union two children have been born: William M., born October 27, 1886, and Alice E., born July 26, 1888. Dr. and Mrs. French are members of the United Presbyterian Church.

WILLIAM EVAN LEWIS, physician, office and residence No. 85 East Fifth street, was born November 22, 1853, at Pittsburgh, Penn., the third in a family of six children born to John W. and Ann (Jones) Lewis, natives of Wales, whence the father of our subject came to America in 1832, and settled in Jackson county, Ohio. The Doctor attended the common schools of that county, and taught school one winter; in 1872 he came to Cincinnati and worked for several years as a fore-

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man for the Peerless Wringer Manufacturing Company. While in this position he attended night school, and in 1878 entered the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, graduating in 1880 at the head of a class of thirty-seven, and receiving as a prize one hundred dollars in gold. He opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 215 Broadway, shortly afterward removed to No. 165 Broadway, and in 1884 to his present location. The Doctor was assistant health officer four years, and director of the House of Refuge for an equal period, resigning in September, 1889. He has been professor of anatomy for the Presbyterian Hospital Woman's Medical College, and is at the present time professor of anatomy in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery, and demonstrator of anatomy for the Woman's Medical College. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and has contributed articles on anatomy to various medical journals. On December 22, 1880, the Doctor married Mary J., daughter of Hugh aril Mary (Davis) Pugh, and one child has blessed this union, William Howard, born September 21, 1881, Mrs. Lewis is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati.

BROOKS FORD BEEBE, physician, office and residence No. 70 East Fourth street, was born June 25, 1850, in Washington county, Ohio. His father, William Beebe, M. D., was the only son of William Beebe, M. D., who was one of the first physicians of Ohio and a surgeon in the Mexican war. William Beebe the younger was born in Belpre, Washington Co., Ohio, in 1822, received his medical education in Cincinnati and New York, was surgeon in the Union army during the Rebellion, and was engaged in the general practice of his profession in Washington county, Ohio, for about forty years. He died in 1887, while on a visit to Minnesota. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Rathbone, was a daughter of Doming Rathbone, a native of New England, and Catherine (Putnam) Rathbone, a native of Ohio. of New England ancestry, and was born in Belpre, Ohio, in 1827. She died in 1885, shortly after the family removed from Ohio to the beautiful county of Cherokee in southeast Kansas. She was the mother of six children, of whore the following are living: Warren Loring Beebe, M. D., residing at St. Cloud. Minn.; William Putnam Beebe, M. D., who lives in Columbus,, Kans.; Elizabeth Beebe, who is a resident of St. Cloud, Minn., and Brooks F. Beebe, M. D., Cincinnati.

The latter commenced his education in the common schools, was prepared for college in private schools and a member of the class that graduated from the Marietta (Ohio) College in 1873. When eighteen years of age he passed the teachers examination, received a certificate of the highest grade and taught school for a few years while fitting himself for college. After one successful year at college he decided to go into mercantile business, which he did for a period of three years, but finding the work not congenial he commenced the study of medicine, the profession of his father, grandfather and brothers, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, in Cincinnati, March 10, 1880. The following year be was resident physician at the Good Samaritan Hospital, a position obtained by competitive examination. For the succeeding eight years he was A. A. Surgeon in the U. S. M. Hospital Service, and stationed at Cincinnati, in the meantime attending to a growing private practice and his duties at the Medical College of Ohio, with which he had been connected since his graduation. At present he is clinician to the medical clinic and instructor in physical diagnosis. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine and the Ohio State Medical Society.

DR. ALLEN BENTON THRASHER is a native of Fayette county, Ind., where he was born July 6, 1851. He was prepared for college in Fairview Academy, and received the degree of A. M. from Butler University. Dr. Thrasher was educated in medicine in Heidelberg University and in the Medical College of Ohio, where he received his degree of M. D.. and served a year as resident physician in Cincinnati Hospital. His first entry into business was in 1880, when he began the practice of medicine in

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Cincinnati as a specialist in diseases of the throat, nose and ear. He is a member of the Walnut Hills Medical Society, of the Cincinnati Medical Society, of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, of the Ohio Medical Society, of the American Medical Association, fellow of the American Academy of Medicine, fellow of the American Rhinological Association and fellow of the American Laryngological Association. In 1888 he was elected a professor of laryngology in the Cincinnati Polyclinic. He is also secretary of the Laryngological and Otological section of the American Medical Association, and laryngologist to Christ's Hospital. Dr. Thrasher was married to Miss Edith Williams in 1888, and lives in a pleasant home in Avondale.

DR. JOSEPH M. TOPMOELLER, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 87 Bank street, Cincinnati, was born April 4, 1855, at Freckenhorst, Germany, a son of Bernard and Elizabeth (Ebernkamp) Topmoeller; the former, a merchant in Germany, died November 23, 1878. He was a son of Godfried and Philomena (Hanover) Topmoeller. Dr. Joseph M. Topmoeller received his early education in the high school (Gymnasiurn), at the Universities of Greifswald and Munich, Germany, and Vienna, Austria, graduating at Munich February 19, 1880. On September 23, 1880, he came to Cincinnati, and opened an office for the practice of_, his profession at No. 88 Bank street, where he resided until May 1, 1886, since which time his office and residence has been at No. 87 Bank street. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine. Dr. Topmoeller was married, July 12, 1886, to Alice M. Eger, daughter of George and Susan (Andrews) Eger, and their union has been blessed with four children: George B., born May 19, 1887; William J., born June 10, 1889; Joseph C., born September 19, 1891, and Robert G., born October 19, 1893. The family are members of the Catholic Church.

ROLLA L. THOMAS, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 560 McMillan street, Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, was born August 17, 1857, in Harrison, Ohio, a son of Milton L. and Susan J. Rybolt Thomas. Milton Thomas, when fifteen years of age, learned the silversmith's trade, but afterward studied medicine, graduating from the Louisville Medical College of Kentucky, and later from the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati. He is a son of Thomas Thomas, who was a farmer by occupation. Dr. Rolla L. Thomas, our subject, was educated at Asbury University, of Greencastle, Ind., where he graduated in 1878. He studied medicine under his father, and graduated from the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, opening an office for the practice of his profession at Harrison, Ohio, and later removing to his present location. He is a member of the National Eclectic Medical Association, the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association and the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical ,Society. The Doctor is professor of principles and practice of medicine at the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, and is physician to the Eclectic Hospital. He has contributed frequent articles to the eclectic medical journals. On July 1, 1880, he was united in marriage with Miss Sallie B., daughter of William J. and Sarah Cook, and this union has been blessed with five children: Rolla L., born November 3, 1881; Paul Milton, born September 14, 1883; Charles Neil, born December 11, 1885; Clara Elsie, born June 30, 1888, and Dorothy, born January 11, 1894. Two of these, Rolla L. and Paul Milton, are deceased. The family are members of the Methodist Church. Politically the Doctor is a Republican.

ALMON DWIGHT BIRCHARD, physician and surgeon, office corner McLean and Harrison avenues, residence, No. 161 Dayton street, was born July 6, 1858, in Cambridge township, Crawford Co., Penn. He is a son of Dwight Darius and Floriette (Pendleton) Birchard, the former of whom was born August 28, 1831, and for forty years successfully followed farming. He recently retired. Mrs. Floriette ( Pendleton ) Birchard was born December 12, 1836, in Litchfield county, Conn., and died August 27, 1875. Dwight D. Birchard is a son of Darius and Caroline (Parker) Birchard, of whom the former, born in 1804, was by occupation a farmer. He was a son of James and Lucy (Gillett) Birchard, the former born in Becket, Berkshire Co.,

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Mass., August 17, 1766, was united in marriage March 11, 1788, with Miss Lucy, daughter of Isaac Gillett, of Southwick, Mass., and in the year 1813 they removed from Massachusetts to Venango, Crawford Co., Penn., with a family of nine children, of whom Darius, the sixth in order of birth, was then nine years of age. They settled and cleared the homestead now owned by Dwight D. Birchard, father of our subject. James B., father of the above James, was born in 1730, and died in July, 1820. He married Abigail King, by whom he had seven children. He was a soldier in the French and Indian war, in which conflict he served as a lieutenant. James Birchard, father of the above James, was born May 16, 1699, and with his wife Deborah removed from Norwich, Conn., and settled in Becket, Mass., in 1755. He was a son of James Birchard who was born in 1665. He married Elizabeth Beckwith in 1697, and reared a family of twelve children. He was a great-grandfather of Rutherford B. Hayes, nineteenth President of the United States. He was a son of John Birchard, born in 1628, who married for his first wife Christy Ann Andrews, and for his second Jane, daughter of Thomas Lee. He reared a family of fourteen children. He was a man of great celebrity in his day, and was county clerk of New London from 1673 to 1680. He was a scholar and a business man, and one of the proprietors of Norwich. Ho died at Lebanon, Conn., in 1702. His father, Thomas Birchard, was born in Roxbury, England, in 1595, and with his wife Mary and their family left England in the ship "True Love" and landed at Boston in the year 1635. He was a man of wealth and note. He settled at Saybrook, and went as a deputy from his town to the general court of Hartford in 1650-51, The name Birchard appears in English and French history as far back as the seventh century, and is the name of some of the most noted men in European history. It is the family name of the Dukes of Montmorenci and Franconia. It is inscribed on some of the most beautiful pages of French history. It has furnished the Roman Catholic Church with several distinguished prelates, historians and canonists, and Europe with distinguished generals, admirals and diplomats, as well as eminent scholars.

Dr. Birchard, our subject, received his early education in the rural district school, and at the public and high school at Cambridge. He graduated from Amity College, College Springs, Iowa, in 1880, and in the fall of that year came to Cincinnati and began the study of medicine under his uncle, the late Dr. William Clendenin. He graduated from the Miami Medical College in the spring of 1884, and soon after opened his present office. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Ohio State Medical Association, and has written and read various papers before the society. He was united in marriage, May 16, 1890, to Miss Sarah J. M., daughter of the late John Johnston and Margaret (George) Johnston, of Cincinnati, both of whom were natives of County Tyrone, North Ireland, of Scotch descent. One son has blessed this union, Stanley Johnston, born January 30, 1893. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church, and politically the Doctor is a Republican.

EDWARD SYDNEY MCKEE, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 57 W. Seventh street, was born, January 6, 1858, near Hamilton, Ohio, a son of William and Louise (Stipp) McKee, who were natives of Kentucky and of Scotch and German origin. This couple celebrated their golden wedding February 28, 1878. William McKee, who was a farmer by occupation, departed this life January 20, 1886, aged eighty-one years and six months. His wife died February 21, 1881, when sixty-nine years of age. William McKee was a son of John and Elizabeth (McClintock) McKee, natives of North Carolina and Pennsylvania, respectively. John McKee, born in 1778, was a miller by occupation, and died September 10, 1842, at the age of sixty-four. He was a son of John and Mollie (McCoy) McKee. The last-named John McKee came to America during Colonial times, enlisted in the Colonial army during the Revolution and was killed, leaving a widow and one child, the John McKee first named.

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Our subject is the youngest of thirteen children, twelve of whom grew to maturity. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, Miami University, and the University of Cincinnati. For two years he was one of the editors of the Daily Independent, Richmond, Ind. In 1878 he entered the office of Dr. Dan Millikin, of Hamilton, Ohio, for the study of medicine, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio February 28, 1881, after which he went abroad, studying his profession in London, Paris, Vienna, Leipzig, Berlin, and Dublin. On his. return to America he opened an office in Cincinnati for the practice of his profession. He is a member of the American Medical Association, the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, the Ohio State Medical Society, the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and the Cincinnati Obstetrical Society, of which he is secretary. The Doctor makes a specialty of diseases of women; he is clinical lecturer on the same at the Medical College of Ohio, and assistant of the chair of obstetrics and gynecology in the same institution. He is medical examiner for the People's Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, the North American Accident Insurance Company, the Security Life Insurance Company and the National Fraternal Union. He was a member of the International Medical Congress hold in London in 1881, and in Washington, D. C., in 1887. He has written for various medical books and journals, and one of hisarticles was copied by the well-known German author, A. Martin, of Berlin, in his "Diseases of Women," second American edition. He is also the author of an article on cephalhaematoma, which has has been largely read and extensively copied. Dr. Mckee was married November 10, 1882, to Miss Louise, daughter of Robert S. and Sarah (Smith) McClintock, of Butler county, Ohio. Dr. and Mrs. McKee are members of the Second Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati, and politically he is a Republican.

ERIC E. SATTLER, physician and specialist in the treatment of diseases of the nose, throat and ear, office No. 117 Garfield place, was born in Cincinnati, November 4, 1859, son of Dr. Goo. Sattler, who died September 24, 1888, aged seventy-seven years, one of the oldest and earliest physicians of Cincinnati, having practiced here for almost half a century. Our subject graduated from the Woodward High School in 1878, and from the Miami Medical College in 1881. 'He was resident physician of the Cincinnati Hospital for one year, and then spent two years abroad, in the hospitals and clinics of London, Paris, Utrecht, Strasburg, Berlin and Vienna, pursuing his specialty. Returning to Cincinnati. he opened an office at No. 104 West Eighth street, in August, 1883, and practiced general medicine for four years in order to lay a good foundation for his specialty. He is a member of the International' Medical Congress, the American Medical Association, and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and is clinical lecturer of diseases of the nose and throat at the Miami Medical College. He was elected in 1890 to the chair of rhinology and laryngology at the Cincinnati Hospital, serving until the chair was abolished on account of lack of funds, and also served as laryngologist to the German Protestant Hospital forever two years. He is the surgeon in charge and founder of the Nose, Throat and Ear Dispensary at No. 373 Elm street. the first independent nose, throat and ear dispensary established in Cincinnati. This institution is thoroughly fitted with all the modern appliances for the convenience and study of students and practitioners, and treats annually over eight thousand patients. The Doctor translated Koch & Spina's work on " Tuberculosis," published in 1883 by Robert Clarke & Company. While in Strasburg he made some highly original and scientific investigations in Prof. Waldeyer's microscopical laboratory in regard to the nerve endings of the cornea, as well as the structure and division of the epithelial layer. These researches were translated into several languages and published in various journals. He has also, written numerous articles for various medical journals on the topics of his specialty Dr. Sattler was married in 1886 to Blanche Wallingford, of Cincinnati.

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DAVID DEBECK, B. S., M. D., office Brittany building, northwest corner of Ninth and Race streets, Cincinnati, residence No. 37 Eden avenue, Mt. Auburn. was born in Cincinnati March 15, 1856, a son of Bodo Otto Morgan and Emily Harriet (James) DeBeck, and grandson of William and Maria (Morgan) DeBeck, the latter a direct descendant of Gen. Daniel Morgan, of Revolutionary fame. Bodo Otto Morgan DeBeck is a native of Tomkinsville, N. J., born April 1, 1830. He was for twenty-two years a teacher in the public schools Of Cincinnati, most of the time as principal of the Seventh District schoOl, he was for eleven years a clerk Of the board of education; was one year expert accountant for the board of review of Hamilton county, and is now bookkeeper for the wholesale liquor house of W. W. Johnson & Company.

Dr. DeBeck was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, Hughes High School, and the University of Cincinnati. He studied medicine with Dr. Joseph Ransohoff, and graduated from the Medical College Of Ohio in 1881. After spending two years in Europe at the Universities of Strasburg, Bonn, Gottingen, and Vienna, he returned to Cincinnati, and in March, 1884, opened an office for the practice Of his profession at No.137 West Eighth street. The Doctor is a specialist in the treatment of diseases Of the eye. In 1881 he was appointed assistant to the chair of ophthalmology in the Medical College Of Ohio; in 1884 he was elected a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; in the same year he was appointed oculist and aurist to the Home for Sick Children, serving during the foor years, duration of that charity; in 1889 he was secretary Of the Southwestern Ohio Medical Society; in 1890 he was elected librarian of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; in 1892, '93 and '94 he served as clinical lecturer on ophthalmology at the Good Samaritan Hospital; in 1893 he was elected secretary Of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and re-elected in 1894. He is a member Of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; the Southwestern Ohio Medical Society; the Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana State Medical Societies; the Mississippi Valley Medical Society; the American Medical Association, and the American Ophthalmological Society, elected to the latter in 1887. He is a clinical lecturer on ophthalmology in the Medical College of Ohio. The Doctor has contributed many articles upon his specialty to the various ophthalmic and medical journals. He is author of "Hard Chancre Of the Eyelids and Conjunctiva: " With two cuts and a colored plate [8vo., 52 pp., Cincinnati, 1886]; "Persistent Remains Of the Foetal Hyaloid Artery:" With five cuts and twelve plates (ten colored) [Royal 8vo., 90 pp., Cincinnati, 1890]; "Lectures on Cataract:" With many cuts [8vo., 70 pp., Cincinnati, 1894]; "Hereditary Coloboma of the Iris " [in press].

Dr. DeBeck was married, June 1, 1893, to Amelia R. Graeff, whose father, Joseph Graeff, and mother, Amelia (Weber) Graeff, were natives of Germany, and Columbus, Ohio. respectively. The DeBeck family are Unitarians in their belief; politically Dr. DeBeck is a strong Single-Taxer, affiliating with the radical FreeTrade wing of the Democratic party.

GEORGE A. FACKLER, M. D., office and residence No. 93 Garfield Place, was born in Cincinnati May 6, 1861, son Of JOhn E. and Bertha (Mathes) Fackler, the former of whom was born October 21, 1819, in Bavaria, Germany, and emigrated to America in 1847; the latter was born April 18, 1835, in Baden, Germany, and came to this country in 1854. The father was engaged in the grocery business. He departed this life October 19, 1888; his wife survives him. They were the parents of two children: John E., traveling in the West, and George A., our subject, who received his education in the public and high schools of his native city, attending the Fifteenth District school, Third intermediate, and was graduated at Woodward High SchoOl in the class of '78. He at once entered the Medical College of Ohio, and was graduated in 1881, entering immediately upon the practice of his chosen profession at No. 35 Everett street. In February, 1882, he removed to No. 42

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Fifteenth street, remaining there until December, 1883, when he removed to No. 540 1/2 Elm street; during 1887 the Doctor erected a house at No. 458 Elm street, and removed thither November 1, 1887. In 1893 he disposed of this property, and in May of the same year sailed for Europe, remaining abroad five months. Five weeks of this time he spent in London, at Brompton Hospital, and six weeks in the Pharmacological Institute at Strasburg, Germany. He also visited the different hospitals of Berlin and Munich. Returning to Cincinnati October 14, 1893, he located at his present office, No. 93 West Eighth street. Dr. Fackler was united in marriage, January 2, 1884, to bliss Amelia, daughter of Chris and Louisa (Wagner) Von Seggern. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy f Medicine, Ohio State Medical Society, and American Medical Association. He was elected secretary of the Academy of Medicine in 1884, served in this capacity six years, and was elected president of the same for the term 1892-93. He was secretary of Medical Section of the American Medical Association in 1889, and received the appointment as assistant to the chair of materia medica and therapeutics in the Medical College f Ohio in 1885, which office he resigned in 1891, to accept the professorship of the same branch in the Woman's Medical College of Cincinnati. He was elected dean of the school in 1891. On January 1, 1893, he accepted the chair of materia medica in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery. He is also clinical instructor on physical diagnosis and diseases of the chest. Dr. Fackler is devoting special attention to diseases of the lungs and heart. In his political views he is a Democrat.

FRANK WARREN LANGDON, physician and surgeon, office No. 65 West Seventh street, Cincinnati, residence Harvey avenue, Avondale, was born December 16, 1851, a son of Oliver C. and Jane D. (Aydelott) Langdon. The father is a retired merchant; both parents are still living near Cincinnati. The Langdon family are among the earliest settlers of America, its emigrant ancestor, Philip Langdon, with two brothers, having landed at Boston from Yorkshire, England, in 1640. Three generations were soldiers in the Revolution: Philip's son Paul, his grandson John,. and his great-grandson, John W. Dr. Langdon's paternal grandfather, Elam P. Langdon, was a grandson of John Langdon, above mentioned, and came to Cincinnati by wagon from Vershire, Vt., in 1806, with his mother, three brothers and two sisters, the father having died some two years previously. The family settled on farms near the month of the Little Miami river, where a number of their descendants yet reside-at Linwood. Elam P. Langdon was a prominent figure in business centers, in the post office, and in the educational institutions of the embryo city;. big wife was Ann Cromwell, a direct descendant of Oliver Cromwell, the Protector. On the maternal side, Dr. Langdon's grandmother was Caroline Dobb, a daughter of a shipbuilder of New York; his maternal grandfather was Rev. B. P. Aydelott, M.D., D. D., of Swedish descent, and was one of the most prominent educators and divines of Cincinnati in early days, having been president of the Woodward College for a number of years.

Our subject was educated in the public schools, and afterward by private tutors in Cincinnati. He studied medicine with Dr. W. Clendenin, of Cincinnati, and graduated from the Miami Medical. College in 1881. In 1880 he entered a competitive examination for the position of resident physician at the Cincinnati Hospital, was successful, and remained in that position for the full term of one year. In 1881 be opened an office for the practice of his profession in the Emery Arcade. He accepted the position f assistant demonstrator of anatomy at the Miami Medical College, in 1882 was promoted to the chief demonstratorship, and in 1884 was elected to the chair of descriptive and surgical anatomy. In 1889, this chair was divided at big request, he taking the chair of surgical or applied anatomy, which he still occupies. He was also, in 1891-92, curator and microscopist and acting pathologist to the Cincinnati Hospital, and occupied for a term the position of lec-

686 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

turer in clinical medicine at the Miami Medical College. He was physician and surgeon for the Home for Incurables in the years 1891 and 1892. He visited the ,medical schools and hospitals of London, Glasgow, Hamburg, Berlin, Vienna and Paris. devoting his attention chiefly to surgical studies. The Doctor is a general practitioner and surgeon. He is a member of the American Medical Association; the Cincinnati Medical Society, of which he was president for the year 1891-92; the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; the Walnut Hills Medical Society; the Hippocrates Club of Cincinnati; the Cincinnati Society of Natural History; the American Ornithologists' Union; Association f American Anatomists; the Masonic Order, and the Knights of Pythias. He is a corresponding member of the Boston Zoological Society, and the Linnnean Society of New York, and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is a contributor to current zoological literature in the departments of anthropology and ornithology, and also to current medical literature, among his more important writings being an article on "The Surgical Anatomy of the Brain" [Cincinnati Medical Journal, April, 1891], wherein is presented an original system of locating brain areas by external guides, which is simpler and more exact than methods heretofore in use.

Dr. Langdon was married April 3, 1884, to Rhoda Alice Fletcher, daughter of Samuel F. and Elizabeth D. (Hiatt) Fletcher, of Richmond, Ind., both natives of North Carolina. Two children have blessed this union: Fletcher Langdon, born February 22, 1886, and Rowena La Franco, born May 31, 1889. Mrs. Langdon and her parents are members of the Society of Friends.

JOHN R. SPENCER, M. D., Cincinnati, was born August 27, 1854, in Washington county, Ohio, son of Albaness and Perlinia (Dye) Spencer. His grandfather, Samuel P. Spencer, was a southern planter in his early manhood, and later became a contractor; his paternal grandmother's name was Catherine Proffett. His father was born May 3, 1822, in Lee county, Va., and his aged mother January 1, 1829, in Washington county, Ohio. When Albaness Spencer was a mere boy his parents moved to Louisville, Ky., where he attended school and assisted his father, who was a government contractor there. When eighteen years of age his parents moved to Cairo, Ill., where his father soon afterward died of a malignant fever, leaving him the only support f his widowed mother and two sisters. Sometime after his father's death he moved the family to Marietta, Ohio, near which place he engaged in farming, in which business he has since continued, now owning and operating a fine farm in Washington county, Ohio. He was married November 14, 1848, to Miss Perlinia Dye, and they reared a family of six children, of whom two are doctors and four are teachers. The mother died December 9, 1889.

Our subject was educated in the public schools of Marietta, and at Marietta College. He taught school for six years previous to commencing the study of medicine with Dr. J. H. McElhinney, of Hills, Washington Co., Ohio, and also while prosecuting his studies. He then entered the Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, whence be was graduated June 7, 1881. He first opened an office at Stanleyville, Ohio, in the fall of 1881, and practiced there for six years, when he moved to Cincinnati, and entered upon the general practice of his profession. He is a member of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association; the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society, and is on the medical staff of the new Eclectic Hospital of Cincinnati. He is an Odd Fellow and a Knight of Pythias. Dr. Spencer was married March 27, 1883, to Eliza R,, daughter of Peter and Rhoda (Whitney) Becker. Mr. Becker was a German by birth, and came to this country when nineteen years of age; his wife descended from a Yankee family by the name f Whitney, which came from Maine in the early history of Ohio; they were also of German descent. Dr. and Mrs. Spencer have one daughter, May B., born August 7, 1886. In religion they are Protestants, and politically he is a Republican.

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ROBERT CORBIN WINTERMUTE, physician and surgeon, office No. 133 West Seventh street, residence Mentor avenue, Ivanhoe, Norwood, was born June 27, 1861, at Norton, Delaware Co., Ohio. He is a son of J. P. and Etta A. Buckmaster Wintermute, both Americans, of German extraction, the former born December 15, 1832, in Hopewell township, Muskingum county, near Zanesville, Ohio. He left the farm at the age of sixteen, going to Zanesville, where he engaged in daguerreotyping, which he followed for about seven years. He then removed to Norton, Ohio, and embarked with his brother in the mercantile business, in which he engaged for five years, and then moved to Mt. Vernon, Ohio, and re-entered the dry-goods trade; in 1867 he removed to Mt. Liberty, continuing in the same business, and in 1882 removed to Delaware, Ohio, and there entered the hardware business, in which he is still actively engaged. J. P. Wintermute is a son of George Wintermute, who was a farmer and blacksmith by occupation. This gentleman was the second in descent from John George Wintermute, or Windemuth, who was an immigrant from Germany, settling in Sussex county, N. J., in 1776; here he married Margaret Elizabeth Bernharten, also a native of Germany.

Dr. Wintermute was educated in the public schools and the Academy at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, studied medicine tinder Dr. A. P. Robertson, of Mt. Liberty, Ohio, and graduated from the Eclectic Medical Institute f Ohio, in the spring of 1881, immediately opening an office for the practice of his profession at No. 58 Clark street, Cincinnati. Here he remained until May, 1882, when be removed to Delaware, Ohio, remaining there until August, 1890, when he removed to his present location. The Doctor is a member of the State Eclectic Medical Association, National Eclectic Medical Association, Ohio Central Eclectic Medical Society, and the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and National Union. He is professor of obstetrics and diseases of women and children in his alma mater. He is a member of the staff of surgeons and gynecologist, and one of the attending physicians to the Eclectic Hospital of Cincinnati; is the author of Wintermute's edition "King's Eclectic Obstetrics." Dr. Wintermute was united in marriage, December 31, 1890, to Miss Mary Arabella Cherry, daughter of Dr. James M. Cherry, of Delaware. The Doctor and wife are members of the Second Presbyterian Church of Cincinnati, and politically he is a Republican. This gentleman was elected coroner of Delaware county, Ohio, serving two terms, from 1884 to 1888. He was elected president of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association in 1888, and presided at the annual meeting the following year at the city of Akron. In 1891 he was elected treasurer of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association, and re-elected for 1892-93.

CHARLES AARON PAULY, physician and surgeon, office No. 142 West Eighth street, residence Avondale, was born in Mason, Warren Co., Ohio, June 11, 1858, He is a son of Milton Reader and Mary (Benedict) Pauly, the former born in March, 1831, in Lebanon, Ohio, the latter near Morrow, Warren Co., Ohio, in March, 1837.

Milton Pauly, when a boy, learned the silversmith's trade, later in life was in the jewelry business, and since 1872 has been a dry-goods merchant. He is a son of John and Anna (Reader) Pauly, the former a descendant of the Paulys, of Prussia, the latter of the Readers, of England. Dr. Pauly received his early education at the University in Lebanon, Ohio, studied medicine under A. C. Recker, and graduated from Pulte Medical College, Cincinnati, March 4, 1881. He opened an office for the practice of his profession at his present location, making a specialty of orificial surgery. Dr. Pauly is a member of the American Institute, the Ohio State Society, and the Cincinnati Lyceum, and is professor of obstetrics and orificial surgery in Pulte Medical College, Cincinnati, and physician and surgeon to the Home of the Friendless. On October 20, 1885, Dr. Pauly was united in marriage with Miss Lida Bruen, daughter of Robert G. and Eliza (Bruen) Corwin, and their union has been blessed with one daughter, Marianna, born October 19, 1886. Mrs. Pauly is a member of the Baptist Church.

688 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

JAMES AMBROSE JOHNSTON, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 40 Everett street, Cincinnati, was born May 4, 1860, at Bainbridge, Ind., son of Rev. Edward- and Fannie H. (Tomlinson) Johnston, the former a native of Indiana, of Scotch-Irish extraction, the latter a native of New Jersey, of English ancestry. Dr. Johnston was educated at Petersburg, Ind„ studied medicine with Dr. S. B. Tom. linson, graduated from the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery in the spring of 1881, and began the practice f his profession where we now find him located. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and is assistant to the chair of gynecology in the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery.

DR. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN LYLE, physician and surgeon, resides on Price avenue, Price Hill, his office being at No. 1006 West Eighth street. Dr. Lyle was born March 3, 1861, in Georgetown, Icy., the only child of Dr. John Mullen and Mary Phillips Lyle. Dr. John Mullen Lyle was born May 27, 1834, at the country home of the family, in Butler county, Ohio. Mary Phillips Lyle was born on Broadway, Cincinnati, June 9, 1837, the only daughter of Benjamin and Harriet Hauselman Phillips. Dr. John Mullen Lyle was a graduate of she Medical College of Ohio, and was a successful practitioner. He was a Presbyterian in religious faith, and a Republican in politics. He had a beautiful home in southern Indiana, where, his family being generally long lived he looked forward to spending many years, but was suddenly called from earth April 7, 1890, a victim of "LaGrippe." Mrs. Mary Phillips Lyle still lives at her home on Price Hill, Cincinnati. Dr. Benjamin Lyle is a grandson of Charles Jones and Martha Henderson (Mullen) Lyle, both of Philadelphia, Penn., but residents in Cincinnati after their marriage on June 4, 1833. The grandfather was in early life a surveyor, but later was engaged in commercial pursuits; for sixty-five years he was a contributor to the Philadelphia Press, and was a student of history. Mrs. Martha Henderson Lyle passed her youth upon the farm of her mother in Butler county, Ohio. Her father was Maj. Arthur Willing_ ton Mullen, a soldier of 1812-15, and of the Mexican war; he was of Irish descent, but a thorough American in principle. Her mother was Jean Ramsey Crawford, a great-great-granddaughter of David Crawford, born in 1665 (Historic Royal of Scotland under Queen Anne), and of Alexander Henderson, of Fife, Scotland, born in 1583, a leader among Covenanters. Charles Jones Lyle was a son of Capt. John Lyle, a soldier f the American Revolutionary war (who suffered an amputation of the left leg upon the field of Yorktown, October 19, 1781), and of Jane Jones Lyle, first cousin of John Paul Jones, captain of the sloop of war "Wasp," who compelled the surrender of the British brig "Frolic" in 1812. The first of the family to emigrate to America was John Lyle, of London. England, in 1700; he had married Rebecca Garner, and they settled upon a farm in Delaware county, Penn. ; following the belief of his family he was a stanch Episcopalian, and was one of the founders f St. David's church, in 1715, at St. David's, Hear Philadelphia; his wife was a member of the Friends. It was the custom of the family to name the eldest son John; so in 1742, John Lyle, the eldest grandson of the emigrant, married Elizabeth Wayne, first cousin of Gen. Anthony Wayne. This marriage united the Lyle and Crawford families, for the General was first cousin on his mother's side to Jean Crawford. It appears then that although Dr. Benjamin F. Lyle is pre-eminently a man of peace, he comes of a race of soldiers, as well as of quiet students and pastoral people. He traces his lineage in an unbroken chain back to one Juan Lyle del Isla, who married Hortensia Della Leo, of Leon, Spain, in the fifteenth century. Both f these were Catholics, but their descendants were Huguenots, who during the progress of the Reformation fought valiantly for religious freedom. Benjamin de Rohan, born in 1584, a soldier of the Huguenot party, was a grandson of Juan del Isla. The family retained their home in northern France and Paris until forced to seek safety in flight, crossing the English channel in 1685 after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

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Dr. Lyle was educated in the public schools of Avondale, and in 1879 began the study of medicine with his uncle Dr. Arthur Lyle. graduating from the Medical College of Ohio in 1882, and in April of the same year opened an office at the place where be is yet located, He is a member of the Academy of Medicine, and or the Ohio State Medical Society. He is a past master of the Price Hill Masonic Lodge, and is also a member of McMillan Chapter and Hauselman Commandery. On September 15, 1891, Dr. Lyle was married to Miss Alice Morris Johnson, at the Friends meeting. house, Eighth anti Mound streets. Mrs. Lyle is a daughter of Evan Lewis Johnson, who was born in Clinton county, Ohio, and Anna Taylor Johnson, who was born anti has always resided in Cincinnati, and both are descendants of Friends who cave to this country, .settling in Virginia in early colonial times. Dr. and Mrs. Lyle have one child, Alice Franklin Lyle, born July 15, 1893. Dr. Lyle is a member of the Presbyterian Church. He has never taken any active part in politics, but regards the principle anti policy of the Republican party as the most satisfactory.

TRAVIS CARROLL, M. D., office No. 26 West Eighth street, Cincinnati, was born March 29, 1860, at Clarksville, Tenn., son of P. F, and Anna E, (Travis) Carroll. His father was a native of Indiana, his mother of Kentucky, and they are of Irish and English descent. Our subject's great-grandfather, Frederick Carroll, was a. pioneer of Kentucky, and was one of the first settlers of Louisville, that State. Our subject's father was a merchant by occupation, but he has retired from the active duties of life. Dr. Carroll is second in a family of five children. He was feared and educated in Louisville, Ky., graduating at the University there in 1879, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and in 1883 graduated from the same institution as an M. D. He immediately entered on the duties of his chosen profession in Louisville, Ky., but only practiced there until the latter part of 1883, when he came to Cincinnati, where he has since been actively engaged in the profession. He has built up a lucrative practice, and takes an active interest in all that pertains to his profession. He is a member of the American Medical Association, f the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and Ohio State Medical Society. He is assistant health officer. He is physician to the Cincinnati Council No. 421, C. B. L., and is also an active member of the C. K. of A. and the Y. M. I. He was married, October 29, 1883, to Miss Mary, daughter of Patrick and Elenore (McCarty) McKeown. Sire is of Irish descent. Dr. Carroll has three children: Travis C.; Harry R., and Mary E. The family are members of the Catholic Church.

H. W. ALBERS, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 41 Twelfth street, was born in Cincinnati in 1856. He received his early education in the public schools of his native city, and in the spring of 1882 graduated from the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery. He opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 32 Jackson street, and later removed to his present location. He was appointed assistant physician to the Dayton Insane Asylum, remaining there two years. He is a member f the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, a member of the board of education from the Ninth Ward, and union board of high schools, now serving a second term. Politically the Doctor is in sympathy with the Republican party.

EMIL V. HELFFERICH, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 140 Garfield place. The name of Helfferich has been well known in Cincinnati for over a half century, and is honorably mentioned among the pioneers of the city. Our subject was born at, Mulhouse, Alsace, in the year 1860, son f Charles Edward and Marie Diane (Mayrohs) Helfferich, the former a native of the Kingdom of Bavaria, the latter of Alsace; they carne to the United States in 1873. Francis Xavier Jacob Helfferich, a brother of Charles E., had previously immigrated to this country and settled in Cincinnati in the year 1835. Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Helfferich are the parents of five children: Charles Edward, Jr., hotel proprietor, Bloomington, Neb., Eugene E., artist, Avondale, Ohio; Emma, wife of Francis Xavier Helfferich, resid-

690 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY

ing at No. 395 Main street, Cincinnati; Caroline, wife of Judge Arnold, of Nebraska, and Emil V. In religion, the family are Catholics.

The Doctor received his literary education in the colleges of Europe and St.. Xavier College. Cincinnati. He entered the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery in 1879, and later attended the Ohio Medical College, from which he was graduated in the class of '83. He was lieutenant in Company I, First Regiment Infantry; then captain and assistant-surgeon, First Regiment Light Artillery, O. N. G., Battery B; and was acting assistant-surgeon for mounted batteries of the Third and Fifth Regiments of Artillery, United States Army, at Philadelphia. Penn. He is a member of the American Medical Association; Academy of Medicine, Cincinnati; Douglas Lodge, Knights of Pythias; member of Red Cross, Geneva, Europe; and an honorary member of N. G. Association and Lytle Grey Veteran Corps. He was assistant health officer of Cincinnati in 1883-4-5, and at the present time is president of the first board United States examining surgeons for pensions. He has been prominently mentioned for coroner several times. Politically the Doctor is a Democrat.

CHARLES ALBERT BURHANS, physician. office and residence No. 80 Clark street, was born at, Cincinnati, October 30, 1852, a son of David J. and Sarah S. (Thomas) Burhans. The family is of Dutch origin, and settled on the Hudson river in New York, near Albany. David J. Burhans was a native of Rensselaer county, N. Y., and followed the trade of carpenter and builder in Cincinnati from 1847 to 1871: he died March 30, 1878. Sarah (Thomas) Burhans was a native of Bucks County, Penn., the daughter of William Thomas, and a descendant f the Thomas family of Hilltown township, who were prominent, in the early history of the Welsh Baptist Church in southeastern Pennsylvania. She was born June 20, 1816, and died June 28, 1892. The subject f this sketch was educated in the schools of his native city. He graduated in medicine in 1883, and has since devoted his time to general practice. On April 11, 1889, he married Mary A., daughter of William H. and Sarah Ludlow, of Cincinnati, and they are the parents of two children: Sarah Alice, born January 20, 1891, and Ruth Cortelyou, born September 2, 1892. The Doctor and his wife are members of the Baptist and Presbyterian Churches, respectively. In politics the Doctor is a Republican; he is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the F. & A. M., the O. C. F., the N. F. U., the N. W., the Knights and Ladies of Honor, and the O. I. H.

THOMAS DAY WINNES, physician, office and residence No. 596 Freeman avenue, was born in Cincinnati January 9, 1861, son of George William and Jane (Rittenhouse) Winnes, the latter a native of Pennsylvania. George William Winnes was a Presbyterian minister by profession; he departed this life April 30, 1887. His widow now resides at No. 3 Sidney avenue, Camp Washington. The issue of their marriage was eight children, seven of whom survive: William George, of Park place: James, a salesman, Colerain avenue and Straight street, Cincinnati; Albert, a salesman, No. 220 Poplar street; Edward, carriage trimmer. No. 5 Sidney avenue; Thomas D. ; Leonard, blacksmith, No. 11 Sidney avenue, and Harry, blacksmith, No. 3 Sidney avenue. Our subject received his education in the public schools of Cincinnati, and was graduated from Miami Medical College in March, 1883. He at once opened an office in Cincinnati for the practice of his chosen profession, where he continues, enjoying a lucrative and growing practice. On August 7, 1884, Dr. Winnes was united in marriage with Miss Emma, daughter of Milton and Deborah (McCuim) Garen, Americans by birth. Two children bless the union of Dr. and Mrs. Winnes: Thomas D, and Wilbur George. The family are adherents of the Presbyterian Church.

ANDREW LEE MCCORMICK, A. M., M. D., office and residence No. 130 Woodburn avenue, Walnut Hills. Cincinnati, was born March 5, 1857, at Marietta, Ohio, a son of Col. A. W. and Alice J. (Lockliter) McCormick, the former a native of Waynes-

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burg, Penn., born February 2, 1830, and was an editor, prior to the Civil war. He was lieutenant-colonel of the Seventy-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. After the war he was an attorney at law and probate judge of Washington county, Ohio, and for the past fifteen years has been a pension attorney at Cincinnati. He is a son of Robert and Lavina (Wilson) McCormick, of Green county, Penn. Alice (Leckliter) McCormick, mother of our subject, was born in September, 1832, in Belmont county, Ohio, a daughter of and Alice (Patterson) Leckliter, of that county. Dr. McCormick was educated at Marietta College, Ohio, where he graduated in 1878, studied medicine under Dr. J. D. Buck, of Cincinnati, and graduated from Pulte Medical College in the spring of 1883. He opened his present office the same summer, and has followed the general practice of medicine at this locality ever since. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Homeopathic Lyceum and the Ohio State Society. Soon after his graduation he was made professor of anatomy in Pulte Medical College, and for the past three years has been professor of physical diagnosis at the same institution. On August 28, 1890, Dr. McCormick was united in marriage with Helen B., daughter of John T. and Helen Vorhees, of Cincinnati. The Doctor and his wife are members of the Congregational Church, and politically he is a Republican.

ROBERT H. WHALLON, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 440 Chase avenue, Cumminsville, was born May 2, 1854, in Butler county, and is a son of Robert and Margaret (Carver) Whallon, to whom nine children were born, six of them now surviving, namely: Perry, railroader; Margaret, wife of Perry Brown, of Burlington, Del.; Jacob, a farmer of Kentucky; Charles, politician, of Cincinnati; Mary, wife of Furman Mossteller, contractor and builder, of Sharon, Ohio; and Robert H. Our subject was educated in the public schools of Hamilton county, and graduated in 1874 from the Normal University f Lebanon, Warren Co., Ohio, He afterward taught school for a number of years, and was for five years principal of the Glendale public school. Having a desire for the medical profession he entered the Medical College of Cincinnati, graduated from that institution in 1883, and a year later became a graduate from Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York City. After spending a year in that city he returned to Cincinnati, where he has practiced ever since. On August 25, 1880, he married Miss Lida Howery and two children were born to them, Catharine and Mary Roberta. The Doctor is a member of the board of examiners of teachers of the public schools of Cincinnati. He is a surgeon for the Procter & Gamble Co. In his political views he is a Republican, and the family are members f the Methodist Church. The father of our subject was born in. this State, and his occupation was that of an engineer. During the Civil war, while acting in the capacity of engineer on board the United States gunboat " Cincinnati," he contracted typhoid fever, from which he died in 1863, The mother of our subject was born in Pennsylvania, and died in 1893 in Sharon, Ohio.

CLARENCE W. ORR, physician, office and residence Ross avenue, Price Hill, Cincinnati, was born May 22, 1856, in Lotus, Union county, Ind., son of Mellville and Nancy (Sears) Orr, the former born January 13, 1826 at Taylor's Creek, Hamilton Co.. Ohio. of Scotch-Irish origin, the latter born January 12, 1827, in Londoun county, Va., of English origin. Mellville Orr, father of our subject, was engaged in mercantile business in Cincinnati for two years, and at Lotus, Union Co., Ind., nine years, after which he moved to Fulton county, Ind., and engaged in farming, at present residing on as well improved and beautiful a farm as can be found in northern Indiana. He was a son of William Mellville and Elizabeth (Dixon) Orr, the former of whom was born October 10, 1795, in New Jersey, and died September 4, 1884, at Taylor's Creek, Hamilton Co., Ohio; his mother was Elizabeth (Mungall) Orr, a native of Paisley, Scotland, who emigrated to America in her youth. Elizabeth (Dixon) Orr was born in Cincinnati June 16, 1796, and died December 18, 1880, on the sixty-third anniversary of her marriage; she was the daughter of John Dixon, a

692 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

native of England, and a soldier of the Revolution, win, while stationed at Fort Washington. was married to Miss Elizabeth Garrison, a resident of Cincinnati, and this is said to be the first marriage performed by a minister in Cincinnati. Our subject's grout-grandfather was a native of New Jersey, of Irish origin, and came to Cincinnati in 1806; he was a mill wright by trade, and built a flourmill at Cumminsville on the creel: near where the Ludlow property now is, which in a few years he exchanged for property at Taylor's Creek, Hamilton county, where he erected another flourmill and spent the remainder of his life.

Clarence W. Orr was educated in the public schools of Rochester, Ind., studied medicine under the tutorship of Charles F. Harter. M.D., entered the Miami Medical College at Cincinnati. Ohio, in 1880, and was graduated March 8, 1883. On July 10, 1883. he opened an office for the practice of his profession at Cicero, Hamilton Co., Ind., butt returned to Cincinnati in July, 1886, and has practiced ever since at his present place of residence. Dr. Orr was united in marriage December 13, 1885, with Miss Maggie, daughter of Levi and Elizabeth (Snyder) Small, both natives of the United States, and of German descent. One child has come to bless this union, Lorren E., born September 19, 1886, at Cicero, Ind. Dr. Orr's parents were Methodists.

John M. Withrow, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 300 West Seventh street, was born in Butler county, Ohio, October 10, 1854, a son of J. L. and Margaret (Murphy) Withrow. who wore natives of Butler county, Ohio, and of Welsh and Irish. extraction, respectively. The former, a farmer by occupation, died in 1894 in Butler county; he was a son of Samuel and Mary (Landis) Withrow, the former of whom, also a native of Butler county, and a farmer by occupation, departed this life in 1890. aged-ninety-two years. He was a soil of John Withrow, who came to Butler county in 1801, and purchase(] the property owned by the father of Dr. Withrow. Mrs. Margaret Withrow departed this life September 14, 1891, aged sixty-three years. Our subject is the eldest of a family of seven children, was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools of Jacksonboro, the select school of Prof. Benedict Starr, at Seven Mile, Ohio, and the Miami University. He then taught in the public schools at Jacksonboro for one year, after which he attended the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, Ohio, then served one year as principal of the school at Amanda, Butler county, after which he re-entered the Ohio Wesleyan University, from which he was graduated in 1877. After graduating he returned to Amanda and taught for one year, and was then made superintendent of public schools at Eaton, where he served four years. In 1882 he entered the office of Dr. John Carson, of Middletown, Ohio, for the study of his chosen profession, matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio, and graduated from that institution in the spring of 1884. He was one of a class of one hundred to whom eight prizes were awarded for proficiency, six of which Dr. W Withrow received. In June, 1884. he opened an office in Cincinnati for the practice of his profession, and after one year entered the office of Dr. Thad Reamy, with whom he practiced two years, and then, severing this connection, opened an office at No. 294 West Fourth street; in October. 1800, he removed to his present residence. Dr. Withrow makes a specialty of the diseases of women. He is a member of the American Medical Association, the Ohio State Medical Society, the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and the Cincinnati Obstetrical Society. He is medical examiner for the Provident Life and Trust, Company of Philadelphia; is clinical lecturer on diseases of women at the Medical College of Ohio; is professor of Gynecology at the Presbyterian Hospital and Woman's Medical College, and dean of the Faculty. He is clinical lecturer and gynecologist to both the Presbyterian and Christ Hospitals: on diseases of women at, the Good Samaritan Hospital; he is president of the board of trustees of the Cincinnati Hospital, appointed by Gov. Campbell, and is a member of the board of trustees of the Miami University, appointed by Gov, Homily in 1884,

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and reappointed by Gov. Foraker in 1889. The Doctor is a member of the F. & A. M.. and of the Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity of Ohio Wesleyan University. He is a frequent contributor to the Medical journals of this section. On October 16, 1888, Dr. Withrow was united in marriage with Miss Susanna Barrett, daughter of George B. Barrett, one of Pittsburgh's most prominent merchants. Mrs. Withrow died in 1894, The Doctor is a member of and trustee in St. Paul's Methodist Church. Politically he is in sympathy with the Democratic party, though in no sense a politician.

ALBERT VERNON PHELPS, physician and surgeon. office and residence No. 197 Central avenue, was born October 6, 1858. at Cardington, Morrow Co., Ohio, a son of Frederick F. and Julia M. (Fowler) Phelps, natives of New York and Louisiana, and of English and French extraction, respectively. His father, who was a jeweler by occupation, tied at Cardington in April, 1862. at the age of twenty-five. His parents. Frank and Hilah (Adams) Phelps, were natives of England and Canada, respectively. Frank Phelps, who was a farmer. came to Ohio in 1851, and died in Iowa, July 12, 1887, at the advanced age of eighty-six.

The subject of this sketch was educated in the public schools of his native town, where he began his business career at, the age of thirteen as clerk in Mooney's drugstore. Here he remained but a short, time, and then engaged in the same business in Cincinnati with J. D. Wells for five years, and subsequently found similar employment for two years, at Ludlow, Ky. He then returned to Cincinnati and went, into the drug business with a partner, the firm being known s Phelps & Elfers, continuing thus for three years, when he entered the office of Dr. J. L. Cilley, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in the spring of 1884. He sold out his interest in the drug business to his partner, and was appointed resident physician of the Cincinnati Hospital, where he served one year. He ryas assistant to Dr. P. S. Connor during the great riot in Cincinnati, when he assisted in caring for seventy-three patients suffering from gunshot wounds received in that riot. Dr. Phelps first opened his office at No. 5 Carlisle avenue, and removed to his present office in November, 1885. He is a member of the Ohio State Medical, Society. and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and is preparatory tutor for a class of young men for hospital honors, and college honors, in which he has proven very efficient, very few of his class having failed in the competitive examination. The Doctor is demonstrator of histology, and clinical lecturer in surgery at the Medical College of Ohio. professor of descriptive and surgical anatomy at tile Presbyterian Hospital, and Woman's Medical College. and professor of descriptive and surgical anatomy at the Cincinnati College of Dental Surgery. He is one of the rising young physicians of Cincinnati. enjoying a practice that older men might well be proud of.

SIGMAR STARK, physician and surgeon, office No. 61 West Eighth street,, residence No. 422 McMillan street, Walnut Hills, was born July 6, 1863, in Lowenberg, Saxony, Germany, a son of Dr. William and Cacelia (liaised Stark. Dr. William Stark is a son of doses and Henrietta (Branchbar) Stark, the former a rabbi in his native country. Dr. Stark received his early education in the public schools of Cincinnati, and graduated from the Woodward High School. He studied medicine with his father and in the spring of 1884 he graduated from the Bellevue Medical College of New York City. After his graduation he served eighteen months at the German Hospital in New Fork, after which he went, abroad and attended clinical lectures, and served in the hospitals of Dresden. Breslau, Vienna., Berlin, etc. On his return to America he opened an office for the practice of his profession on March 1, 1887, at his present location. Dr Stark is a gynecologist and obstetrician. He is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society, Ohio Academy of Medicine, Walnut Hills Medical Society, and the Obstetrical Society of Cincinnati. The Doctor is gynecologist in the Jewish Hospital, and has written numerous articles on his specialty. He was married, June 20, 1888, to Lilly, daughter of Julius and Julia (Seasongood)

694 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

Reis, natives of Stuttgart, Germany, and Cincinnati, Ohio, respectively. Two children have blessed this union: Robert Harold Stark, born July 2, 1889, and Julian Stark, born September 1, 1893.

AUGUST RUDOLPH WALKER, M. D., residence No. 1079 Vine street. was born June 21, 1861, in Covington, Ky., son of Rudolph and Margaret (Nieman) Walker. both natives of Germany. Rudolph Walker emigrated to Covington, Ky., in 1853, and engaged in the real-estate and insurance business; the mother carne to this country in 1849. They were the parents of six children, four of whore are now living: August R.., Mary B., Charles A. J. and Emma J. Our subject was educated in Covington, and graduated from the high school in 1879. He then attended the Ohio Medical College, from which institution he graduated in 1884. He practiced medicine for a short time in Covington, and then removed to Cincinnati, where he has since resided. He is physician to the German Altenheim, Cincinnati, and a member of the Knights of Pythias, A. O. U. W., Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and the Ohio State Medical Society. Dr. Walker was married, December 31, 1890, to Margaret A., daughter of Dr. George and Wilhelmina (Fuss) Holdt, the former a native of Spain, and the latter of St. Petersburg, Russia. Dr. and Mrs. Walker are members of the Methodist. Church, and politically he has always been a Republican.

JOHN ALBERT THOMPSON. physician, office No. 154 West Eighth street, residence Grand avenne, Price Hill, Cincinnati, was born at, Mt. Carmel. Ind., January 7, 1859, a son of John and Mary (Jenkins) Thompson, and grandson of James and Sarah (Ginn) Thompson, of Scotch-Irish and English origin. John Thompson was born at Alt. Cannel, Ind., January 9, 1822, and is a merchant and farmer by occu pat ion. His wife was born at Springfield, Ohio, December 9, 1827, the daughter of Crocker and Mary (Snow) Jenkins, natives of Nantucket, Mass., who came west with their parents in childhood. Dr. Thompson was educated in the public schools of his native State and at Earlham College, Richmond, Ind.. where Ire graduated in 1880 with the degree of B. S. He began the study of medicine under J. C. Makenzie, and graduated from Miami Medical College in 1884, immediately thereafter opening an office for the practice of his profession at. No. 113 West Ninth street. For eight years he was engaged in the general practice of medicine and surgery, and during this time was also clinical instructor in diseases of the nose and throat at Miami Medical College. In 1892 he abandoned general practice, and has since devoted himself exclusively to diseases of the throat, nose and ear, of which he is clinical instructor and lecturer at, Miami Medical College. He has also contributed numerous articles upon his specialty to various medical journals. The Doctor is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Miami Valley Medical Association, and the Ohio State Medical Society. On April 21, 1886, he married Lillie. daughter of Augustus and Elizabeth (Shepard) Morris: and they are the parents of two children: Morris Makenzie, born December 21, 1888, and Lida Elfred. born August 3, 1889. The Doctor is a Prohibitionist in politics, and believes that the sale of alcohol should be placed under the same legal restrictions as other poisonous drugs.

OTTO W. FENNEL, physician and surgeon, office No. 442 Walnut street, residence, No. 619 Jefferson avenue, was born in Cincinnati in 1861. He is a son of Adolphus and Anna (Bode) Fennel, both of whom were born in Cassel, Germany, the former in 1826, the latter in 1844. Adolphus Fennel was a pharmacist and chemist, aril was professor of chemistry and pharmacy in the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy. He died September 29, 1884. Dr. Fennel was educated at the Cincinnati University, studied medicine under Drs. F. Forchheimer, Joseph Aub and Edward Walker, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in the spring of 1884. He then went abroad and studied two years at Heidelberg and Goettingen (Germany), and Vienna (Austria), and, returning to Cincinnati, opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 415 Walnut street. The Doctor is a member of

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the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio Medical Society, and the American Medical Association. He was united in marriage in 1886 with Miss Anna, daughter of John Henry and Eliza Koch. natives of Germany. and this union has been blessed with two children: Eric, born in 1887, and Sylvia. born in 1890.

FREDERICK C. GUNKEL. M. D., was born February 24, 1859, in Newport, Ky., a son of Dr. Henry C. and Katherine (W eber) Gunkel, who had six children born to them, four of whom still survive, namely : Frederick C., M. D. ; Emma, M. D. ; Lula, wife of James Rainey, M. D.. and Harry Lawer. Our subject was educated in the public schools of Newport, Ky., after which he entered the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati, and graduating from that institution in 1884 has practiced medicine in Cincinnati ever since. By his genial and affable way and his strict attention to his patients he has built up an extensive practice, and his professional services are much sought after. His father, Dr. Henry C. Gunkel, who is a native of Germany, came to Cincinnati more than forty-five years ago, and has practiced medicine ill different parts of the States, principally in Newport, Ky., however, where he has followed his profession for the past forty years, and where he has also resided. He is engaged in the banking business, is president of the First National Bank of Newport, Ky., and is well and favorably known throughout the country. The mother of our subject. who was a native of Cincinnati, died January 6, 1893.

S. J. D. MEADE, physician and surgeon, office and residence, No, 45 Everett street, Cincinnati, was born February 23, 1858, at Fort Branch, Ind. He is a son of Stephen Walter and Sarah J. (Rutledge) Meade, the former of whom was born in Gibson county, Ind., in 1832, the hatter in the same county in 1837. Stephen W. Meade is a farmer and shipper of live stock in his native county. He is a son of Stephen anti Mary (Prichett) Meade. Dr. Meade was educated at Central Normal College of Indiana, where he graduated in 1882. He studied medicine under J. M. Crawford, M. D., and graduated from Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati in the spring of 1885, immediately thereafter opening an office for the practice of his profession at No. 35 Everett street: later he removed to his present location. He is a member of the Homeopathic Medical Society of Ohio, and is the president of the Homeopathic Lyceum of Cincinnati. Dr. Meade was married December 23, 1889 to Miss Betta B., daughter of John and Arabella Barnes. The family are members of the Methodist Church, and politically the Doctor is a Republican.

CHARLES EDWARD CALDWELL, physician and surgeon, ounce No. 447 anti residence No. 449 Kemper Lane, Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, was born in Cincinnati March 14, 1861. He is a son of the late James Crosby and Rebecca (Bunker/ Caldwell, tile. former a prominent Cincinnati manufacturer, anti the latter a native f Massachusetts. Dr. Caldwell received his early education in the public schools of Cincinnati, the old Woodward High School, aid Trinity College of Hartford. Conn. His medical education was obtained in the Medical College of Ohio, and in the Universities of Strasburg and Vienna, where he spent over two years of his student life. He entered business as 'a practicing physician in 1885 on Walnut Hills. Dr. Caldwell is professor of descriptive anatomy and lecturer on clinical surgery at. the Miami Medical College; is a member of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History; of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and of the American Medical Association. He is also a member of the Walnut Hills Medical Society, and was president of same in the term of 1889-90. He is a frequent contributor to the literature of the Natural History Society, and has written several papers relating to his profession which have attracted attention. Among the microscopists of the city he is a leader. In June, 1883, Dr. Caldwell married Miss Augusta Jewell Sexton, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James K. Sexton, of New York.

FRANK WALLACE HENDLEY, M. D., superintendent of the Cincinnati Hospital, is the son of George Wesley and Jane (Brokenshire) Hendley. He was born in Cincinnati April 26, 1860. received his primary education in the public schools, and also

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attended the. Chickering Institute and the Hughes High School. He was employed as clerk in a hat store until 1880, when he entered the Medical College at Alva, Ohio, from which institution he graduated March 10, 1885. Fle was interne of the Cincinnati Hospital from March 10, 1884, until March 10, 1885, when he was appointed resident physician of the hospital, continuing as such until March 10, 1886; from that date until June 1, 1892, he was a successful practitioner in Cincinnati. on the latter date receiving the appointment of superintendent of the Cincinnati Hospital, the position he now occupies. The Doctor has also held the position of captain and assistant-surgeon of the First Regiment or Infantry, Ohio National Guard, since October 30, 1889. He is a Presbyterian ill his religious views, and a Republican politically. He is a member of the American Medical Association, Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, and socially is a member of Price Hill Lodge No. 524 F. & A. M. ; Willis Chapter, R. A. M, ; Hanselmann Commandery No. 16, Knight. Templar ; Ohio Consistory, Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, 32, Dr. Hendley is at present unmarried.

The father of our subject was born in Pendleton Palford, near Manchester, England, October 6, 1826, removed to Cincinnati in 1850, and was a retail hat merchant from 1853 to 1884; he died March 7. 1889. His mother was born in Saint. Columb, Cornwall, England, August 23, 1824, and is now residing in Cincinnati. They had born to them seven children, four of whom survive, viz. Harry B., a clerk in Minneapolis, Minn.; Charles W., a clerk in Cincinnati; Frank W., our subject, and Florence G. Two died in infancy, and one son, George W., died in 1875.

CHARLES HENRY CASTLE, M. D., resident physician of the Cincinnati Hospital. was born November 28, 1859, in Philadelphia, Penn., and is the youngest of seven children born to James Howard and Phoebe A. (Dick) Castle. When ten years of age he entered the Academy of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Philadelphia, which institution he continued attending until 1876, when he entered the University of Pennsylvania and went, through the, Freshman and Sophomore years class of 1880, Department of Arts and member of the Delta Psi Greek letter fraternity, after which he studied medicine at Miami Medical College, Cincinnati, from which he graduated in 1885. After graduating, the Doctor was demonstrator of chemistry in the College for two years, was vice-president of the Cincinnati Medical Society during 1887 and 1888, and also district physician for two years. and, in 1893, was appointed to the position he now fills so creditably. During 1879, 1880, 1881 and part of 1882, the Doctor owned a cattle ranch in Colorado and Wyoming. He was married, August 8, 1892. to Mary E., daughter f John and Lucy (Fisher) Andrews, the father a native of Detroit, Mich., and the mother of Peterboro. Ontario. Canada. The family of the Doctor attend the Episcopal Chnrch. and politically he is a Free Silver Protectionist. Onr subject, is of American parentage, his father having been born in 1818 in Philadelphia, where he practiced law for a number of years, and passed away March 12, 1878. His mother, who is still living, and residing in Philadelphia, was born in Chester, Chester Co.. Penn., in 1822. The ancestors of the mother of our subject came to this country with William Penn in 1682. Some members of his family have been in every .war fought by the colonies and United States. Dr. Elisha Dick, of Alexandria, Va., was consulting surgeon in Washington's last illness, and was an earnest advocate of tracheotomy (then a new operation) in the case. The two surviving brothers of our subject are Franklin D.. M. D., of Philadelphia, and Horace Castle, attorney at law, also residing in Philadelphia.

OTIS LITTLE CAMERON, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 132 Garfield place, was born January 14, 1862, in Cincinnati, son of Joseph G. and Mary L. (Wray) Cameron, natives of Maryland and New York, and of Scotch and Irish origin, respectively. The former, a son of William and Mary (Patton) Cameron,

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natives of Maryland, was one of the most prominent and successful dentists of Cincinnati, having won fame and fortune at his profession. He died March 8, 1892, aged sixty five )ears; his wife still survives him. Oar subject, Dr. Cameron, is the fourth of a family of seven children, four of whom are now living. He was educated in the public schools, Chickering Institute, and the Cincinnati University; entered the Medical College of Ohio in 1882. and graduated therefrom in the spring of 1886. After spending one year in Cincinnati Hospital as resident physician. he opened an office for the practice of his profession, in the spring of 1887 at No. 50 West Ninth street, and removed to his present location in December, 1890. The Doctor is a member of the American Medical Association and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine. He is demonstrator of bacteriology, assistant to chairs of pathology and children's clinic at the Medical College of Ohio; professor of microscopy at Cincinnati College of Pharmacy; pathologist at St. Mary's Hospital; physician to Episcopal Hospital for Children: curator at Cincinnati Hospital, and examiner for the New York Life Insurance Company. In politics the Doctor is a Republican.

CLARK W. DAVIS, M. D., was born December 14, 1863. His father, Dr. William B. Davis, was a native of Ohio and of Welsh extraction. He graduated from the old Ohio Wesleyan University, was graduated from the Miami Medical College, and practiced his profession in Cincinnati, ranking among the most eminent physicians and surgeons until his death, which occurred in 1893. He was the medical director of the Union Central Life Insurance Company from its organization, and always took a deep interest in everything relating to hi, profession.

Dr. Clark W. Davis was educated in the Cincinnati schools, aid read medicine with his father. He was graduated front the Miami Medical College, which is the Medical Department of the University of Cincinnati, in 1886, and at once began practice in the cite. In 1889 he was elected assistant medical director of the Union Life Insurance Company, and in 1893 was elected medical director of the same. The Doctor is a member of the staff of physicians at Christ's Hospital. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the State and National Associations, and also of the Medical Directors Associations of all the old-line life insurance companies in the United States and Canada.

Dr. ANTHONY T. HAGEMEYER Was born in Cincinnati July 3, 1838, the fourth son born to J. C. William and Anna R. C. (Peterson) Hagemeyer, both, natives of Bremen. Germany, at which place the family had lived for many generations. Early in May 1854, they emigrated to the United States, and selected Cincinnati s their future home. Mr. Hagemeyer soon after embarked in the tobacco business, in which be continued actively engaged until a few years since, when he retired from business and removed to Butler. Ky.. where he at present resides. Of his family, consisting of thirteen children, nine are now living: Christopher C., a prominent miller and lumber dealer of Butler. Ky.; Augustus P., a bookkeeper in the employ of the D. H. Baldwin Piano Company, of Cincinnati: Jennie, now Mrs. John Soller, of Davenport, Iowa; John W., at present in the employ of the government, with headquarters at Davenport. Iowa; Anthony T.. the subject of this sketch; William A., cornice manufacturer of Covington, Ky. ; Hattie A., the wife of John S. Mitchell, a leading merchant of Butler, Ky. ; Charles P., secretary of the milling and lumber business of his brother, at, Butler, Ky., and Emma F., the wife of V. C. Yelton, engaged in the railroad postal service department in Cincinnati, and residing in Covington.

Our subject received an excellent, common-school education in the public schools of his native city, and in 1879 was made cashier in the Cincinnati office of the Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company. In the fall of 1881 he, in connection with the duties of this position, engaged in the study of medicine, entering, the Ohio Medical College. from which notable institution he graduated in the spring of 1886, with the honors and credit due his close application. Dr. Hagemeyer had mean-

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while, in order to facilitate his study of medicine, resigned his position with the Phcenix Mutual Life Insurance Company, and immediately after _graduating entered upon the practice of his chosen profession in Cincinnati, associating himself in February of the present year with Dr. J T. Knox, with whom he had studied prior to entering college; they are at present located at No. 83 East Third street, enjoying a lucrative and successful practice. The family fur years have been consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Chttrch. Politically our subject is a stanch Republican, and during the campaign of 1892 enjoyed the distinction of Serving as president of one of the Repuublican Leagues of Kentucky.

DR. S. ANNIE YATES. The biography of Dr. S. ANNIE YATES, founder of the first Metaphysical College of Ohio, will be of growing interest as the years pass on and the science in which sbe was a pioneer develops, as it, must, into the most. popular system of healing. Born February 15, 1850, at Troy, N. Y., from early childhood her life was eventful. and from infancy was manifested that strong personality which is a striking characteristic. As a genius for music is early shown, so did the child's taste and play exhibit a natural gift and aptitude for the healing art. At six years of age she was taken by her parents to England, where they remained eight years, returning again to Troy. An intense thirst for knowledge stimulated her to gain an education, which she did unaided, fighting against opposition. Married at nineteen, she was a widow at twenty-six, with two children to support. Then commenced a struggle for existence, newspaper work and teaching affording the means for livelihood. At this period much tune was given to philanthropic work among the jails and fallen women, and on the temperance platform. At last opportunity was found to follow her natural inclination, and the study of medicine was commenced under preceptors, and continued at college. Here began questionings that could not be answered by the wisest professor, as to the nature of disease, and what it is that cures and why? Several cases that yielded to her intense desire to help the sufferer, even after the case had been pronounced hopeless by the best physicians, convinced her of the impotency of medicine, and that there was a healing power higher than, and apart from, drugs. This knowledge was but nebulous, and then came a fruitless search among books, doctors and ministers for some light upon the healing force. Being at last convinced that she must explore alone in this direction, she took her two children anal went to the far West. There, in the solitude of a Dakota claim, with the Bible for text-book, and her own intuitions for teacher, by study, desire and intense concentration, she found what she sought, and formulated the unorganized knowledge of a wonderful potency into a healing science. There it was that the great grief of her life came, in tbe sudden death, by being thrown from a. horse, of her beloved daughter, with whom she was in perfect accord, and united by stronger bonds than parental love alone. This sorrow seemed to loose earthly ties, and free her to live and work for suffering humanity.

On emerging from three years' retirement she was surprised to find that others had been thinking along these lines, and schools for teaching mental therapeutics had been founded and incorporated under various names. Entering one of these colleges she passed through the course and graduated; she also examined other systems, but none appealed to her as being so practically adapted to the needs of suffering humanity, as was the system she herself had evolved. On January 1, 1887, Dr. Yates came to Cincinnati, a stranger in a strange city, herald of a strange doctrine. With a heart aglow with love for suffering humanity, she sought her first patients in the haunts of poverty. Her great success and seemingly miraculous cures soon brought scores of sufferers to her door, and the day was only too short for the work that came to her hand. Rich and poor, high and low, alike sought the benefit of the new and wonderful healing power. A school was established, and many earnest and eager inquirers enrolled themselves as humble students of the Truth, which is the same yesterday, to-day and forever. In 1888 a college organization was formed, a

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charter was granted by the State, and the Cincinnati School of Metaphysics became the Cincinnati Metaphysical College, with legal right to issue diplomas and confer degrees. In the spring of 1888, feeling the need of larger accommodations, a change of location was made, and the legend, puzzling to many, " Cincinnati Metaphysical College." was inscribed in tine gold lettering over the door of a handsome brown stone front on Sixth street, near Mound. Here the institution remained and flourished until 1893 when, to secure the convenience of a more central location, rooms were secured for temporary use in the Norfolk building, corner of Eighth and Elm, pending the search for suitable quarters. Two courses of lectures have been given each year, and from October to May a series of Friday evening readings and informal discussions, to which the public were invited. All students bear testimony to the benefits accruing to them from a study of Metaphysics, but all can not equally gain healing power. The duality of man is taught and the two states of consciousness--the former acting through the five senses and the latter controlling all the actions of the internal organs. and all psychological processes. It is upon this duality of man that the phrenopathic method of cure is founded. The Cincinnati Metaphysical College Las from the first been a self-supporting institution, and needs no further eulogy than "by their fruits ye shall know them."

CHARLES GUSTAV EDWARD SPEIDEL, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 401 Elm street, Cincinnati, was born in that city September 3, 1860, a son of Edward Speidel and Oda K. M. Wahle, the former born April 6, 1834. in Wurtemberg, Germany, the latter January 8, 1842, in Freigut, Kunnersdorf, Saxony, German.. Edward Speidel was private secretary to Consul C. F. Adae, then clerk in the Cincinnati post office; he died January 18, 1877. Mrs. Oda (Wahle) Speidel was a daughter of Gustav Adolph Wahle, who was a wealthy agriculturist and owner of a "Rittergut," of Saxony. He was educated in his native country, and graduated from the Dresden high school. Edward Speidel was a son of Edward Speidel, a German Protestant minister. Our Subject, Dr. Speidel, was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, Woodward High School, and a business college, and in the spring of 1886 graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, after which he went to Germany, and studied at Tubingen, Wurtemberg. He returned to Cincinnati and opened an office for the practice of his profession at No. 391 Elm street, later moving to his present location, The Doctor is assistant professor at the Medical College of Ohio to the chair of gynecology and obstetrics, also clinician at the same college. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine and the Ohio State Medical Society.

THOMAS M. STEWART, physician and surgeon, office No. 266 Elm street, residence Vernonville, was born in Cincinnati May 13, 1866, a son of Henry Crossley and Irene (Roll) Stewart, and grandson of Jacob and Lois (Crossley) Stewart. The subject of this sketch obtained his literary education at the public schools of Cincinnati awl at Chickering Institute in that city. He began the study of medicine under Dr. J. D. Lock, dean of Pulte Medical College, and Dr. J. M. Crawford, now United States consul -general at St. Petersburg, Russia, and in March, 1887, graduated from Pulte Medical College, receiving his gold modal for the best final examination. Pie then spent six months in the study of the sciences underlying the practice of ophthalmology, and in attending the eye clinics of Pulte and Miami Medical Colleges, Cincinnati. In August, 1887, he went to New York City, and entered the eye, throat and ear department of the Post Graduate Medical School and the New York Ophthalmic Hospital, graduating therefrom in April, 1880, with the degree of Oculist Auris Chirurgis, and receiving first honors for practical and theoretical eye and ear work. Returning to Cincinnati he received the appointment of resident physician to the Homeopathic Free Dispensary and was continued in service in the general cliuics until January, 1889. In the following month he sailed for Europe, where he studied at Berlin with Schweigger, Schoeller and llirshberg; at Vienna with Dimmer, and at Munich in the general hospital, and upon his return to Cincin-

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nati, in August, 1889, he began the practice of medicine, making a specialty of diseases of the eye, ear, throat and nose. From September. 1888, until his departure for Europe, he gave the lectures on anatomy at Pulte Medical College in the absence of the professor of anatomy; and while pursuing his studies in Europe he was elected to this professorship, a position he still holds. The Doctor is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, member and secretary of the Homeopathic Medical Society of Ohio, member and ex-president of the Cincinnati Homeopathic Lyceum. and honorary member of the Kentucky and Indiana State Homeopathic Medical Societies. He is professor of anatomy in Pulte Medical College, surgeon in charge of the eye, ear, throat and nose department of the Cincinnati Free Dispensary, consulting surgeon to the Protestant Home for the Friendless and Foundlings, and editor of the Pulte Medical Journal. He was married, February 14, 1889, to Alice, daughter of J. D. and Lizzie (Clough) Buck, of Cincinnati. The Doctor is a member of the Theosophical Society; politically he is a Republican.

WILLIAM D. .PORTER, physician, office and residence, No. 635 McMillan street, Cincinnati, was born January 28, 1860, in Zanesville, Ohio, son of Joseph and Susan M. (Griffith) Porter. The former was born March 4, 1822, in Muskingum county, Ohio. He is a farmer. When but seventeen years of agcy he commenced teaching school, and two years later took a supplementary course of study in the Zanesville high school; he was proficient in mathematics, and filled several books with solutions of difficult problems in geometry, trigonometry and algebra. He occasionally noted in the capacity of surveyor. The mother of our subject was born March 27, 1827. Joseph Porter was the son of William and Mary (Richey) Porter, farming people, who were natives of Eric; county, Penn. The former was born in February 1784, and died June 17, 1833; the latter was born in February, 1789, and died June 14, 1833. Our subject was graduated from the Ohio University in 1883, and later received the degree of A. M. from the same institution. He also took a post-graduate course in scientific work at Cornell University. From 1878 to 1885 he was associated during the summer months with Prof. R. S. Devol, of Kenyon College, on the United States coast, and geodetic survey. He studied medicine under the tutorage of B. F. Spencer, M. D., of Newark, Ohio. In March, 1887, he was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio. The first Year of his practice was as house physician in Dr. Reamy's Hospital, and for several years following he was assistant in that, institution. The Doctor is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society; Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; Cincinnati Obstetrical Society; and a member of the Delta Tan Delta Fraternity. He is director of the out-door obstetrical clinic of the Miami Medical College, and lecturer on obstetric operations in the same institution.

Dr. Porter was united in marriage, December 26, 1888, with Christine, daughter of Thomas and Christine (Young) Fotheringham. natives of Scotland, who came to America at the time of their marriage. Two children have come to gladden and bless the home of Dr. Porter and wife. Dr. and Mrs. Porter are members of the Walnut Hills Congregational Church, and politically he is a Republican.

ALLYN CILLEY POOLE, physician and surgeon, office and residence Woodburn avenue, near Chapel, Walnut Hills, was born August 18, 1860, in Colerain township, Hamilton Co., Ohio, a son of James and Emily (Cilley) Poole, both also natives of Colerain township, the former born March 29, 1824. a farmer and fruit grower by occupation; the latter born February 16, 1836. James Poole was a son of William and Rebecca (Hardin) Poole, the former of whom was born in 1793, and died in 1868. He was a son of William Poole, a native of Now York State, whose father came from England to America at a very early date. Emily (Cilley) Poole is the daughter of Bradbury Cilley, a native of New Hampshire, who was born May 16, 1798, died July 19, 1874. His father, Jonathan Cilley, was a son of Joseph, who was born in Nottingham, in 1734. Joseph Cilley way colonel of the First, New Hampshire Regiment, that fought so gallantly during the Revolutionary war. After the

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war he was appointed major-general of the New Hampshire militia; he died in 1799, Gen. Joseph Cilley's father was Capt. Joseph Cillev; this gentleman was a son of Thoutas Seally, whose father, Richard Seally, was magistrate of the Isle of Shoals in 1653.

Dr. Poole received his early education in the public schools, and graduated A. B. from the Boston University in 1882. He studied medicine with Dr. J. L. Cilley, of Cincinnati, and graduated from the Medical College of Ohio. in the spring of 1887, receiving the Faculty prize, a gold nodal for the highest average in the final examination. He was at resident iuterue at, the Cincinnati Hospital in 1886 and 1887; took a post-graduate course in the medical universities of Leipzig, Berlin and Vienna, from 1887 to 1889 and returning to Cincinnati opened an office at his present location. Dr. Poole is a member of the College Fraternity Beta Theta Pi, and the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine. He is a physician to Christ's Hospital, a curator and microscopist of the Cincinnati Hospital, and demonstrator of chemistry in the Medical College of Ohio. He is a member of the Christian Church. and politically is a Republican.

SAMUEL H. SPENCER, physician and surgeon, office No. 215 Brown street, Cincinnati, was born in Marietta, Ohio, July 23, 1860, son of Albaness J. D. and Perlinia (Dye) Spencer. The former was born in Virginia, Dear the Tennessee line, May 3, 1822, and when seven years of age his parents moved to Louisville, NY,, remaining there until he reached his eighteenth year, when they again moved, this time to Cairo, where his father died, leaving him to support his widowed mother and two sisters. Perlinia Dye was born January 1, 1829, in Lawrence township, Ohio, and was united in marriage with Mr. Spencer November 14, 1848, A. J. D. Spencer, who still lives at Marietta, Ohio, is a son of Samuel P. Spencer, a planter and contractor, and Catherine (Proifett) Spencer. Perlinia (Dye) Spencer, mother of our subject, was a daughter of Amos Dye, stock broker, and Mariah (Taylor) Dye, who departed this life December 9, 1889.

Dr. Spencer received his early education in the public schools of his native county, and at Marietta College, studied medicine under his brother, J. B. Spencer. who was then located at Stanleyville, Ohio, and graduated from the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati in the spring of 1887. He then took a special course at the Pulte Medical College, graduating in 1888, and immediately opened an office for the practice of his profession, where he is now located. Dr. Spencer is a general practitioner. He is a member of the Ohio State Eclectic Society and the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society. He was united in marriage, August 4, 1885, to Miss Carrie B., daughter of Frederick Smith, and this union has been blessed with one daughter. Ethel E. Spencer, born May 13, 1887. The family are members of the Congregational Church, and politically Dr. Spencer is a firm Republican. He is at present a member of the board of education from the Twelfth Ward, having been elected to the same in April 1892. He is examining surgeon of the National Accident Association of Indianapolis, and physician to the Miami and Comus Mutual Aid Associations, and several others; he enjoys a large and lucrative practice.

SAMUEL V. WISEMAN. physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 152 Walworth avenue, Cincinnati, was born September 24, 1843, in Lawrence county, Ohio. near Ironton. In the spring of 1862 he enlisted in Company D, Ninety-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serving until the close of the war; one year of this time he was with Capt. Dick Blazer's scouts. At the close of the war he was honorably discharged, and returning home attended school two years at Athens, when his health failed him, and he went, West, where he traveled some time, dealing in stock and lands. His health having improved he returned home. and began the study of medicine under Dr. Patterson, of Gallia county, came to Cincinnati, and graduated from the Miami 'Medical College in the spring of 1877, and immediately opened an office for the practice of his profession in the First Ward of Cincinnati, where he has since

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remained. The Doctor is a member of the F. & A. M. ; George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., and politically is a Republican.

THOMAS PATRICK HART, physician and surgeon, office No. 171 East Fifth street, was born in Cincinnati, September 7, 1862, a son of Thomas and Bridget Hart, natives of Ireland. Dr. Hart received his early education at St. Xavier's parochial school, and in June, 1880, graduated A. B. from St. Xavier College; A. M., in June, 1890, and Ph. D., in June, 1891. He graduated in medicine from the Medical College of Ohio, in March, 1887. delivering the class oration, and immediately began the practice of his profession frona his present office. Dr. Hart is one of the first of the Alumni Association of St. Xavier College, and is now its president; he was also one of the founders of the Xavier Lyceum, the principal Catholic literary society of this city, and has from time to time filled all its offices. He was a delegate from St. Xavier College to the First Catholic Congress in the fall of 1888, and was also a delegate to the second Catholic Congress, held in Chicago during the first week of September, 1893, This gentleman was president of Parnell Branch of the Irish National League of America, from August, 1889, until August, 1891, when it was merged into the Innisfail Branch of the Irish National Federation of America, of which he was also made president, an office he still holds. Dr. Hart was united in marriage, August 16, 1888. to Miss Mary, daughter of James anti Annie Byrnes, both natives of Ireland. Dr. Hart and his wife are members of the Catholic Church, and politically he is a Democrat. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine,

SAMUEL ELLSWORTH ALLEN, physician, surgeon, and specialist in the treatment of diseases of the eye, nose and throat, was born August, 16, 1864, at Glendale, Ohio, the son of Samuel B. and Bertha (Nye) Allen, natives of Massachusetts, who were of English origin. His father, who was a wholesale druggist of Cincinnati, died October 23, 1879, at the age of sixty-three; his mother is still living at the age of sixty-five. His paternal grandfather, Marsden Allen. was a native of Massachusetts, and a wholesale druggist. Dr. Allen received his education in the schools of Cincinnati, and in 1882 graduated at Hughes High School, after which he was a student at the School of Mines of Columbia College, and the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale College. In 1885 he matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio, where he was a student one year, and then entered Miami Medical College, from which he graduated in 1888. Ho was resident physician at the Cincinnati Hospital one year, and practiced his profession for an equal period at Delaware, Ohio. In 1890 he went abroad and spent the following two years as a student in the medical colleges and hospitals of Vienna and Berlin, returning in September, 1892, when he opened his present office at Cincinnati. The Doctor is pathologist to the Presbyterian Hospital and Woman's Medical College. He is a member of the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Cincinnati Medical Society. To the literature of his profession he has contributed a work entitled, " Mastoid Operations, their History, Anatomy and Pathology," the Cincinnati Lancet has also published numerous articles from his pen, On June 20, 1890, the Doctor married Harriet H., daughter of Judge Isaac Collins, of Cincinnati. He is an ardent Democrat in his political affiliations, and he and his wife belong to the Church of the Advent.

WILLIAM HILLKOWITZ, office and residence No. 269 West Seventh street, was born June 12, 1864, in Salanten, Lithuania, Russia, near the Prussian boundary. He is a son of Elias H. and Rebecca (Hindelson) Hillkowitz, both natives of Lithuania, the former born at Ritaven, June 15, 1836, the latter at Salanten, May 23, 1837. The parents of Elias Hillkowitz were Hillel and Etta Rebecca (Mendelssohn) Hillkowitz, the former of whom was a farmer of estates in Prussia. Hillel Hillkowitz was a son of Elias, who descended from a long line of theologians, and was a celebrated Rabbi and linguist; he was a native of Germany. Elias H. Hillkowitz, father

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of our subject, graduated in theology in 1857, married a year later, and was appointed Rabbi at Pikeln, holding this position several years. after which he engaged in agriculture and commerce. In 1881 he came to America, and for ten years was Rabbi of Beth Hakneses Congregation of Cincinnati. He moved to Denver. Colo., in 1891, and has since resided there with his family. Dr. Hillkowitz came to America in 1883, and after spending three months in New York City came to Cincinnati. He received his early education at the Gymnasium at Liban in Courland, and after coming to America. graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, in March, 1888. He at once opened all office at No. 114 Carlisle avenue, and a year later moved to his present location. In 1889 he was appointed assistant health officer, and the same year was appointed obstetrician to the Ladies Society for the Relief of the Sick Poor. In 1891 he became attending physician to this society, and was also appointed attending physician to the Jewish Foster Home in 1892. The Doctor is a member of the Academy of Medicine, and the Ohio State Medical Society. He is Past Chancellor of the knights of Pythias, and Medical Examiner to the Royal Arcanum, National Union, and Knights and Ladies of Honor.

OTTO JUETTNER. physician and surgeon, office No. 471 Elm street, was born February 3. 1865, at Breslan, Germany. He received a classical education at St. Matthew's Royal Gymnasium in his native city, giving at the same time earnest attention to the thorough study of music, in the pursuit of the latter enjoying the instruction of two very distinguished German musicians. His parents having removed to Carlsruhe, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Baden, he attended the Lyceum of the latter city. At the end of the term he was at the head of his class in all branches. He emigrated to America in 1882. In order to master the English language he attended St. Xavier College, Cincinnati, receiving the degree of A. B. at the end of the term in 1885. He was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1888, having previously been honored by his former Alma Mater with the degree of A. M. in 1886, and Sc. M. in 1887. He was resident physician of the Good Samaritan Hospital in 1888, and has been engaged in general practice since 1889. The Doctor is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society. Mississippi Valley Medical Association, etc. Dr. Juettner writes for various literary, medical and secular periodicals. both German and English. In 1890 he received the first prize for the best surgical essay, offered by the International Journal of Surgery, of New York.

ALBERT A. KAMMANN, physician, office No. 524 Race street, residence No. 98 Molitor street., Cincinnati, was born in Cincinnati, January 12, 1862. His father, Henry W. Kammann, born July 18, 1819, at Wohlstreck, Kingdom of Hanover, Germany, was the son of a prosperous landowner and farmer. He emigrated to America in 1842, came to Cincinnati and engaged in the dry-goods business, which he carried on successfully until a few years before his death. In 1844 he married Dorothy Hacke, born December 21. 1824, at, Fistel. Kingdom of Prussia, a typical North German girl, who had come to America with her parents the year before, and while passing through Cincinnati on the way to the interior of the State had been struck by the beauty of the city, and the cordial hospitality of its inhabitants; she promptly decided to remain, despite the remonstrance, of parents and friends, a stranger amongst strangers, and after one year became the wife of the young merchant, who well deserved success and already gave promise of future prosperity. Henry Kammann took an active port in the affairs of the growing city, being best known anion- the German residents, whose various charities he assisted in founding and supporting. He retired from business in 1869, and died April 5, 1872, a lifelong member of the I. O. O. F.

Albert A. Kammann, our subject, received a common-school education in the public schools of Cincinnati, and graduated from Woodward High School in 1880. After a course of study at Nelson's Business College he began reading medicine while engaged in one of our leading mercantile houses, devoting all his spare time

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to study and teaching. He took a four-years' course at the Miami Medical College, followed by a year's service as interne at the Cincinnati Hospital. He graduated in 1888, visited Europe, and studied under the masters of his chosen profession in Leipzig, Berlin and Vienna. After more than three years of travel on the Continent, he returned to his native city, entered at once into active practice, and is to-day one of the most successful practitioners in Cincinnati. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the Knights of Honor, and the A. O. U. W.; House Physician to the Altenheim and to the Bodmann Widows' Home. While visiting Breslau he formed the acquaintance of Miss Margaret, Doering, a native of Halberstadt, Saxons, and the attachment thus formed led to their marriage, in September, 1890. The father of this lady, Adolph Doering, director of a well-known bank in Germany, is a descendant of the old German nobility, his mother having been Baroness Von Dieskan; he married Hildah, daughter of the celebrated physician, Theodore Fritsch,

THOMAS W. HAYS, M. D., was born October 22, 1863, at Bantam, Clermont Co., Ohio, a son of George W. and Amanda Elizabeth (White) Hays. His father was also a native of Clermont county, born September 20, 1825, son of John and Martha (Greer) Hays, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Amanda Hays was born in Clermont county, August 1, 1834, the daughter of Forman and Mary (Rogers) White. Dr. Hays was educated at the public schools of Bantam and under the private tutorship of Prof. Samuel D. Shepard. At the age of seventeen he began the study of medicine under Dr. W. E. Thompson, of Bethel, Ohio, with whom be remained but a short time, and then came to Cincinnati and continued his studies under Drs. E. G. and B. Zinke. In 1885 he matriculated at the Ohio Medical College, graduating in 1888; in 1887 he was awarded Prof. W. W. Dawson's gold medal for best bandaging. Immediately after graduating in 1888 he was one of the successful contestants for the position of interne at the Cincinnati Hospital, where, after one year's service, he was appointed senior resident physician. In 1890, at the expiration of his hospital service, he began the practice of his profession in the office of E. B. Zinke, No. 674 Vine street, but nine months later left for Europe, spending five months in the general hospital at Vienna. In June, 1891, be returned and resumed practice at No. 674 Vine street, where he is at present located. The Doctor is a general practitioner. He is physician to the Humane Society, assistant to Samuel Nickles, M. D., professor of materia medica at the Ohio Medical College, and assistant-surgeon to St. Mary's Hospital. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Mississippi Valley Medical Society. In politics he is a Republican.

TIZDAL EDDY LINN, physician and surgeon, office No. 112 Garfield place, residence "Glencoe Hotel," Mt. Auburn, Cincinnati, was born at Middletown, Ohio, November 2, 1867. He is a son of William Davison and Caroline (Hueston) Linn, the former born October 1, 1840, in Monroe, Butler Co., Ohio, the latter born February 3, 1845, near Hamilton, Ohio. William Davison Linn was a prominent physician of Middletown, Ohio, and enjoyed a large and lucrative practice; he departed this life in February, 1876. He was a son of William Patterson Linn. Mrs. Caroline Linn, mother of our subject, died April 4, 1871. Dr. Linn received his early education at the public schools of Middletown, and at. Monroe High School, studied medicine with Dr. Charles Stoddom, of Monroe, and graduated from the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati, March 3, 1888. He began the practice of his profession at, Selma, Ala,, remaining there six months, and then returned to Cincinnati and opened an office at Seventh and John streets. He was appointed assistant demonstrator of anatomy at the Pulte Medical College, and in the following January was appointed resident physician of the Cincinnati Homeopathic Dispensary and demonstrator of anatomy. He then attended a six-weeks' course in the New York Hospitals, and in March, 1890, at the age of twenty-two, was appointed professor of surgery at the

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Pulte College, and still retains this chair. The Doctor pays special attention to surgery, and particularly to surgery for deformities. He is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, Ohio State Homeopathic Society, the Cincinnati Homeopathic Lyceum, and the Hahnemann Society, also of the Knights of Pythias. He is surgeon to the Home of the Friendless, and surgeon to the Cincinnati Orphan Asylum. Is a frequent contributor to the home medical journals. Dr. Linn was married October 25, 1892, to Miss Sarah, daughter of James Adams and Mary (Stiver) McClellan.

JAMES JAMISON, physician and surgeon, office and residence Grand avenue and Nassau street, Cincinnati, was born February 21, 1865, at Bellanode, County Monaghan, Ireland, a son of Robert and Priscilla (Mitchell) Jamison. Robert Jamison, fattier of our subject, was owner and operator of a grain and linen mill in his native country; he departed this life January 16, 1889. Our subject received his early education at the Monaghan Collegiate School, studied medicine and surgery, and was graduated from the King's and Queen's College of Physicians, and the Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland, August 1. 1888. Soon after graduating he accepted a position as physician on board the royal mail steamers, "Tenerife " and "Congo," belonging to the British and African Steam Navigation Company. Here he served two years when he was appointed physician to the New Calabar District (on the River Niger), west coast of Africa, where he served one year, and then carne to America and opened an office at the northeast corner of Gilbert avenue and Nassau street, Cincinnati. In the summer of 1893 he moved his office to Grand avenue and Nassan street, where he has since practiced. Dr. Jamison is a member of the West Walnut Hills Medical Association. In religion he is a member of the Presbyterian Church.

HARVEY WICKES FELTER, physician, office and residence No. 301 Chase avenue, North Side, Cincinnati, was born at Rensselaerville, Albany Co., N. Y., June 15, 1865, a son of Andrew Jay and Elizabeth (Nichols) Fetter, both also natives of New York State. The former is a son of Elisha P. and Mary (Wagner) Fetter. The ancestors of the Fetter family were among the French Huguenots driven from France into Holland, whence they came to America at an early day, and settled in New York State. Elizabeth (Nichols) Fetter, mother of our subject, was a daughter of Leuman H. Nichols; she departed this life at Lansingburgh, N. Y., June 22, 1873. Dr. Fetter received his early education in the district school at Pittstown, in the public Schools of Lansingburgh and Troy, N. Y.. and also at the Lansingburgh Academy. He began the study of medicine under Dr. Alexander B. Willis, of Johnsonville, N. Y., an old-school physician of liberal views, and graduated June 5, 1888, from the Eclectic Medical Institute. He opened an office for the practice of his profession at Troy, N. Y., and in October, 1889, came to Cincinnati, where he has since practiced general medicine. While in New York State the Doctor was a member of the Albany County Eclectic Medical Society, of which he was treasurer up to the time of his leaving for Cincinnati. At present be is a member of the New York State Eclectic Society, of the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society, of which he has been secretary, and chairman of the board of censors, and of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association, of which he is vice-president and chairman of the committee on necrology. Dr. Fetter was professor of descriptive and surgical anatomy during the session of 1891-92, and is now demonstrator of anatomy and quiz master in chemistry in the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati. He is also a member of the board of trustees of the Eclectic Hospital, and is secretary and member of the medical staff of the same. The Doctor is a regular contributor to the Medical (leaner and Eclectic Medical Journal of Cincinnati, and the Annual of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery of Chicago, particularly on subjects relating to pharmacology, materia medica and specific medication. He is now revising and re-writing the voluminous "American Dispensatory " by King and Lloyd, the standard work of the Eclectic School on materia medica, pharmacology and therapeutics, and adopted as

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official by the National Eclectic Medical Association. There are but two other works of a similar character in this country, the others being the " United States Dispensatory " and the " National Dispensatory," both of the old school.

Dr. Felter was united in marriage January 1, 1890, with Miss Martha Reyburn, born October 5, 1869, daughter of James Calvin and Mary Helen (Miller) Caldwell, of Fair Haven, Ohio, a lineal descendant of John C. Calhoun, and the Calhouns of South Carolina. They have one child, Dorah Helen, born October 23, 1893. Dr. Felter when twelve years of age was thrown on his own resources, and was bound out to a farmer for whom he worked for nine years, attending the winter terms of school until his seventeenth year, when he began teaching, and after a short time took up the study of eclectic medicine against the advice of all his friends, who argued that he pursue the study of medicine according to the old school. Dr. Felter graduated at the head of a class of sixty, and has made a brilliant, success of his profession. Dr. and Mrs. Felter are members of the Third Presbyterian Church, in which the Doctor is one of the deacons.

DRS. EDWIN, MERRILL and JOSEPH ROCKETTS, office No. 158 Broadway, Cincinnati, were born May 18, 1853, May 20, 1858, and October 6, 1866, respectively. They are the sons of Dr. Gerard R. and Jane (McLaughlin) Ricketts, natives of Virginia and Ohio, and of Scotch and Irish origin. Dr. Gerard R. Ricketts is the son of John and Elizabeth (Robinson) Ricketts. John Ricketts' father, Anthony Ricketts, came from England about 1770 with twelve sons, who located, some in Virginia, others in Maryland and Kentucky. Edwin, Merrill and Joseph received their education in the common schools of Marshall, Ohio, Wesleyan and Annapolis Universities, while their medical education was obtained at Miami Medical College and the Medical Department of Columbia College. Edwin located in Portsmouth, Ohio, in March, 1877, and there practiced his profession until September, 1888, when he went to Europe to spend a year in the study of surgical diseases of women. Upon his return he located in Cincinnati in the fall of 1888, where he has since practiced. Merrill located in Ironton on April 9, 1881, where be was elected health officer and city physician to take charge of a severe epidemic of smallpox. He remained in Ironton until August, 1883, when he located in Columbus, Ohio, for one year, at the end of which time he went to New York to enter Columbia College and was afterward elected to the position of house surgeon of the N. Y. S. & C. Hospital for one year. On November 16, 1885, he located in Cincinnati, where he has devoted his time to the practice of surgery and skin diseases. He is connected with several hospitals. Joseph located in Cincinnati in the spring of 1890, since which time he has practiced ophthalmology, laryngology and otology. All three brothers are frequent contributors to general surgical literature.

WALTER B. KNIGHT, M. D., was born February 3, 1867, at Janesville, Wis., son of Albert R. and Henrietta (Moore) Knight. His father was a native of East Otisfield, Maine, and his mother was born in New Brunswick; they were of Scotch descent. The Knight family has turned out many professional men and mechanics. The father of our subject was a master mechanic and engineer; he stood high as a Freemason, and at the time of his death, which occurred in 1877, he had attained the 32'. He died in California. Dr. Knight's mother died in 1870. Our subject was then three years old, and he was reared and educated by his uncle, D. W. Hartshorn, M. D., a portrait of whom may be found in this volume. After attending the public school and the Chickering College of Cincinnati, from which he graduated, he took up the study of medicine, and in 1888 received the degree of M. D. from the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati. He then took up the practice of medicine here, in which he has ever since been actively engaged. He is a member of the Hahnemann Society. Dr. Knight was united in marriage June 2, 1887, to Elinore Bertha Owen, daughter of Bernard M. and Rebecca (Luken) Owen. The mother was of English descent, and her father of Irish origin. In politics Dr. Knight is a Republican.

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JEPTHA D. DAVIS, physician and surgeon, northwest corner Third and Broadway, was born August 14, 1866, in Circleville, Ohio. He was named after his father, Dr. J. Davis, who was born January 7, 1834, at Washington Court House, and his grandfather, Dr. J. Davis, who was born at Lexington, Ky., in 1808. His mother is a native of Ohio, and was born at Hillsborough November 25, 1839; she is a granddaughter of Dr. Jasper Hand, of Hillsborough, and grandniece to Gen. Hand, aid-de-camp to Gen. George Washington. His father practiced medicine for a number of years in Greenfield, Ohio, when, on account of failing health, he moved West, and again took up his vocation in Ottawa, Kans., where he still resides, enjoying a lucrative practice. It was there Dr. J. Davis, our subject, received his early education, graduating from the high school at the early age of sixteen. He attended the State University at Lawrence, Kans., receiving a classical education, and graduated at the age of twenty with the degree of A. B. He then came to Cincinnati, and began the study of medicine under the late eminent surgeon Dr. W. W. Dawson, three years later graduating at the Medical College of Ohio, and receiving a gold medal for the best surgical drawing; he was also appointed one of the resident physicians of the Good Samaritan Hospital, which appointment was attained by competitive examination. After one year in the hospital he became a partner of Dr. Dawson, and still practices medicine and surgery in the same office in which this gentleman acquired great fame. He was appointed assistant to the chair of surgery at the Medical College of Ohio, and the Good Samaritan Hospital, and had charge of the surgical clinic at the College, and lectured on genito-urinary surgery in the spring course. As a physician and surgeon he ranks deservedly high, enjoying the esteem and confidence of his professional associates and of the community in general.

ISAAC J. MILLER, JR., is a practicing physician having his office and residence at No. 426 McMicken avenue, Cincinnati. He is the son of Isaac J. and Martha N. Miller, and was born in Cincinnati May 26, 1860. His father, Isaac J. Miller, who was born in Athens county, Ohio, has been engaged in the practice of law in Cincinnati since 1856, and has been very active in promoting the growth and welfare of the city. He has always been au active Democrat, but has never held a remunerative office. His mother, Martha (Norris) Miller, is the daughter of David and Hester Norris; she was born in Meigs county, Ohio. His paternal grandfather, James M. Miller, was born in the year 1810, and died at the age of eighty-four; his paternal grandmother's name was Jane Shields. His maternal grandfather, David Norris, married Miss Hester Patterson. His maternal great-grandfather was born in New York, and his ancestors lived there previous to the Revolutionary war. Two of his great-uncles were killed in the battle of Brandywine. The subject of this sketch was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati, and later attended the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, studied medicine under the tutorship of his uncle, Dr. C. A. Miller, then superintendent of Longview Insane Asylum, and was graduated from the Medical College of Ohio in 1889. On May 12, 1890, he married Miss Caroline S., daughter of George and Margaret Klotter. He has been district physician, and was, in July, 1893, appointed examining surgeon of the pension board of the First District of Ohio, under President Cleveland's administration.

ERWIN O. STRAEHLFY, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 442 Linn street, was born at Cincinnati September 25, 1868, sort of John and Regina (Oesper) Straehley. His father was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, in 1838, and his mother was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1840. His father's parents emigrated to this country in 1848. John Straehley is a dry-goods merchant, his place of business being at No. 501 Vine street, and the family residence is at No. 129 Dayton street. His wife died September 2, 1892, of cancer of the stomach. There were nine children born to John and Regina Straehley, eight of whom are living. Amelia Furste lives on' Fairfax avenue, East Walnut Hills; William C. Straehley is a salesman in

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Specker Bros.' wholesale dry-goods house, and resides at McCormick Place, Mt. Auburn; Wesley Straehley is with the proprietor of a shoe store on Vine street, and lives at No. 552 Elm street; John Straehley, Jr., is in business with his father; Emma Neider keeps house for her father; Arthur, just graduated from Woodward High School, intends to study law; Edna goes to the public schools.

Dr. Erwin O. Straehley received a common school education and attended Woodward High School. He took the classical course and graduated June 15, 1886. Intending to study medicine he matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio, took a three-years' course and graduated March 7, 1889, with the highest honors. He received the Faculty prize, a gold medal, Prof. Conner's Prize on Surgery, and Prof. Ransohoff's Prize on Anatomy. He was resident physician at the city workhouse, but soon gave up this position in order to pursue his studies in Europe. In the summer of 1889 he left for Europe. For ten months he remained at the University of Wurzburg, where he became an assistant to the Polyclinic under Prof. Matterstock, and then went to Strasburg, attending the lectures for four months. From Strasburg he visited Paris, Brussels, Cologne, etc., and finally found his way to Vienna, where he remained almost a year, attending the various clinics. Then he went to Kiel, on the Baltic Sea, visiting the various places of interest on the way. From Kiel he went to London and then to Ireland. Returning home he began practice at No. 129 Dayton street. On September 21, 1892, he was married to Miss Carrie Lydia Miller, daughter of William Miller and Caroline Dittman, both of whom were born in Germany. He has no children. Dr. Straehley and his wife belong to the First German Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Republican. He is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and the Ohio State Medical Society; was assistant health officer of the Fourteenth and Twenty-third Wards from August 1, 1892, to May 15, 1894. He is also medical examiner for the Home Life Insurance Company of New York, and the Pheenix Mutual Life Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn. He belongs to the Fraternal Mystic Circle.

HERMAN H. HOPPE, physician and surgeon, office No. 445 Walnut street, Cincinnati, was born in the city January 4, 1867, a son of Domenick and Mary (Dusterberg) Hoppe. The former, born February 28, 1828, in Vechta, Germany, came to America when quite young with his family, settled in New Orleans, and in 1850 came to Cincinnati and embarked in the retail grocery business; after a few years he established himself as a commission merchant at No. 23 Walnut street, under the firm name of D. Hoppe & Company, Mr. Hoppe being head of the firm up to the time of his death, which occurred February 28, 1885. Mrs. Mary Hoppe, mother of our subject, was born in Cincinnati June 10, 1832, and departed this life June 6, 1891. She was the daughter of John H. Dusterberg, who came from Germany to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1825, and after spending a few years in Buffalo came, about 1830, to Cincinnati. Here he established a livery and board stable, and continued in this business up to about 1865, when he retired. spending the remainder of his days on his farm near Reading, Ohio, where he died in 1883 at the age of seventy-eight years. Dr. Hoppe received his primary education at St. Mary's Parochial School, Cincinnati, and when thirteen years of age entered St. Xavier College, from which he graduated in 1886. He began the study of medicine under J. S. Cilley, matriculated at the Medical College of Ohio in September, 1886, and graduated, second in a class of ninety, in the spring of 1889. He was successful in the competitive examination to become interne at the Cincinnati Hospital, where he served eighteen months, until April 10, 1890, when be left for Europe, spending the summer at the University of Strasburg, studying pathology under Prof. Recklinghausen. In the fall of the year he went to Berlin, where be became first assistant in the nervous laboratory of Prof. Oppenheim, a well-known authority on diseases of the nervous system, and held this position until he left Berlin, in August, 1892. In September, 1892, he opened his present office at No. 445 Walnut street, making a specialty of

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diseases of the nervous system. The Doctor is a member of the Academy of Medicine, Ohio State Medical Society, the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, and Berlin Society for Nervous Diseases and Insanity. He is assistant demonstrator of anatomy at the Medical College of Ohio, is also connected with the clinic for nervous diseases, and has been recently appointed a member of the staff of the Cincinnati Hospital, as neurologist. He is neurologist to the Ophthalmic Hospital, and is a frequent contributor to the local medical journals on his specialty. Dr. Hoppe is a member of the Catholic Church, and politically is in sympathy with the Democratic party

ERNST JACOB. M. D., office and residence No. 26 Findlay street, Cincinnati, was born May 12, 1862, in Anderson, Ohio, was educated in the high schools of Cincinnati, and in 1889 graduated from the Medical Department of the University of Cincinnati. He has practiced his profession in this city ever since, and has built up a reputation through his social as well as his professional ability.

MAXIMILIAN HERZOG, M. D., was born September 17, 1858, at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, the eldest son of a merchant of that city. After attending the schools of his birthplace, he matriculated as a student of natural sciences at the universities of Giessen, Strasburg and Marburg. He there followed a course of studies in botany, zoology, mineralogy, palaeontology, chemistry, physics and higher mathematics. In 1881 be carne to the United States, where he at once drifted into journalism, writing for the German daily press of St. Louis, St. Paul and Cincinnati. To the latter city Mr. Herzog came in 1883 to join the editorial staff of the Cincinnati Volksblatt, one of the largest and best German dailies of the country. He was a regular contributor to the columns of this paper for almost ten years, as reporter, editor, and correspondent at home and abroad, at the sane time writing occasionally for papers in Berlin and Frankfort-on-the-Main. In the fall of 1885, while still serving with the Cincinnati paper mentioned, as reporter, Mr. Herzog matriculated as a student of medicine at the Medical College of Ohio, from which he graduated with high honors in the spring of 1890. Not long after having received the degree of M. D. he left the United States to return to Germany, and there we find him engaged for the next two years in medical studies at the universities of Berlin, Vienna, Munich and Wuerzburg. At the latter place he received an appointment as assistant to the university polyclinic for the diseases of the nose, buccal cavity and larynx, in charge of Dr. Otto Seifert, one of Germany's leading laryngologists and rhinologists. As an otologist Dr. Herzog received his training mainly under Dr. Friederich Bezold, the celebrated professor of otology at the University .of Munich. While following his medical studies abroad, Dr. Herzog still found time to contribute regularly, as a staff correspondent, to the Cincinnati Volksblatt. Many of his letters from Germany wore copied by the German-American press all over the country, and some were even translated into English. Thus, while acquiring the necessary accomplishments to practice later on as a successful laryngologist and otologist, he increased his reputation as a journalist. In December, 1893, he returned to Cincinnati, where he opened an office at No. 123 West Ninth street, but soon removed to No. 50 West Ninth street. Shortly after his return from Europe he was appointed laryngologist and otologist to the German Hospital (Deutsches Diakonissen und Krankenhaus), a position he still fills. Dr. Herzog has contributed a number of articles, essays and reports to medical literature, among which may be mentioned the following: " Primary Tuberculosis of the Pharynx." "Cough of Nasal Origin," "Tuberculosis of the Nasal Mucous Membrane," "Tuberculosis of the Upper Respiratory Tract," "Reflex disturbances in consequence of hypertrophy of the lingual tonsil," " On the bacteriology of otitis media acute and cerebro-spinalmeningitis," "Labyrintine Syphilis," "Syphilitic lesions of the auditory apparatus." Dr. Herzog is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the German Press Club,

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the German Literary Club of Cincinnati, and the National Association of German American Journalists and Authors.

CHARLES C. O. MEADE, physician and surgeon, office No. 440 Chase avenue,. Cincinnati, was born November 4, 1862, at Fort Branch, Ind., son of Stephen Walter and Sarah J. (Rutledge) Meade, both of whom were born in Gibson county, Ind., the former in 1832, the latter in 1837. Stephen W. Meade is a farmer and shipper of live stock in his native county. He is a son of Stephen and Mary (Prichett) Meade. Dr. C. C. O. Meade received his early education in the common schools of Gibson county, Ind., and Central Normal College of Danville, Ind., studied medicine under Dr. G. D. Lind, and in 1890 graduated from the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati. He began the practice of his profession at Mt. Vernon, Ind., in the same year, and later came to Cincinnati, and located at No. 440 Chase avenue, Cumminsville. He is a member of the Homeopathic Lyceum, of Cincinnati, and the Homeopathic Ohio State Society of Medicine. Dr. Meade was united in marriage, January 1, 1888, with Miss Lucas, daughter of Robert Logan and Rose Jane Lucas, the former a native of Indiana, the latter of Pennsylvania. This union has been blessed with two children: Robert Watson, born August 3, 1889, and Albert Waldo, born June 23, 1891. The family are members of the Methodist Church, and politically the Doctor is in sympathy with the Republican party.

GILBERT ISHAM CULLEN, physician and surgeon, with office and residence at No, 478 West Sixth street, was born in Newport, Ky., May 10, 1868, a son of James and Sarah E. (Gallup) Cullen, natives of Glasgow, Scotland, and Buffalo, N. Y., respectively. James Cullen came to this country when about eleven years of age; he spent two years at Woodward High School in Cincinnati, and then entered the boat store establishment of Augustus Isham, at that time one of the best-known merchants of this section. After a few years with Mr. Isham he entered the ice business, which he has followed uninterruptedly ever since, a period of about forty-two years. He is at present, and has been for a number of years, president of the Cincinnati Ice Company, which is the largest company of the kind in this section of the country. This gentleman is a son of David Cullen, who was a prominent merchant of Glasgow, Scotland. Sarah E. Cullen, mother of our subject, is a sister of Col. A. B. Isham, who is so well known throughout the New England States. The Cullen family can be traced back to generals in the Revolutionary war, mention of which can be found in the records of the "Daughters of the Revolution" in this city.

Our subject received his early education in the famous Chickering Institute, Cincinnati, graduated from the Cincinnati University, studied medicine with Dr. Binkard, of Pennsylvania, and later with Drs. Dandridge and Holmes, of Cincinnati. He attended the Miami and Cincinnati Medical Colleges, and graduated from the latter in 1890, after which be took a course in the clinics of New York and abroad. He opened an office for the practice of his profession at his present locality, and is now limiting his practice to the diseases of the ear, nose and throat. Dr. Cullen is a member of the American Medical Association; the Ohio State Medical Society, of which he is treasurer; the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine; the Cincinnati Medical Society; the Miami Valley Medical Society; and is an honorary member of the Kentucky State Medical Society; American Medical Editors' Association; Tri-State Medical Association of Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee; Southwestern Ohio Medical' Association; Mississippi Valley Medical Association; International Medical Congress; Pan-American Medical Congress, and the National Association of Military Surgeons. He is consulting laryngologist to the Cincinnati Free Hospital for Women, and assistant demonstrator of laryngology in the Woman's Medical College and the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery. He is managing editor of the Cincinnati Medical Journal; is assistant-surgeon with the rank of captain of the First Regiment of Ohio, by appointment of Gov. McKinley; is a director of the Lincoln Club,

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leading Republican club of the West; and was a delegate to represent the American Medical Association at the International Medical Congress which met in Rome in April, 1894. Dr. Cullen is the youngest medical practitioner who has ever held similar positions in a medical college, the American Medical Association, and the medical department of the militia, as well as being the youngest medical editor in the world.

JOHN WESLEY MURPHY, office No. 436 West Eighth street, was born September 14, 1856, at Logan, Hocking Co., Ohio, a son of John A. and Sarah J. (Cunningham) Murphy, the former of whom was born in Pennsylvania, in 1814, the latter at Athens, Ohio, in 1825. John A. Murphy was a manufacturer and dealer in furniture at Logan, Ohio. Sarah J. Murphy, mother of our subject, departed this life in 1885. Dr. Murphy was educated at the Ohio Wesleyan University, of Delaware, Ohio, where he graduated A. B. in 1888 and A. M. in 1891. He studied medicine under Drs. McDowell and White, of Delaware, Ohio, and graduated from the Miami Medical College in the spring of 1891. Dr. Murphy is a member of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and is clinical director at the Miami Medical College. He was united in marriage April 5, 1893, with Miss Anne, daughter of Robert and Mary (List) Morrison, of Delaware, Ohio. The Doctor and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and politically he is in sympathy with the Republican party.

HENRY HAMILTON WIGGERS, physician and surgeon, office and residence No. 95 Everett street, was born in Cincinnati May 16, 1869. He is the son of H. H. and Emily (Dammeyer) Wiggers, the former born in the province of Hannover, Germany, in the year 1838, son of H. H. and Margurite (Rolfs) Wiggers, and the latter born in Mobile, Ala., in 1842, daughter of August and Meta (Galdes) Dammeyer, natives of Germany. In 1867 H. H. Wiggers, Sr., father of our subject, was in partnership with four other gentlemen in the furniture business. During the last fourteen years he has been sole owner of one of the largest furniture manufactories in Cincinnati. He has been president of the Cincinnati Furniture Exchange, and is now a director in the City Hall Bank.

Our subject received his education in the common and high schools of Cincinnati, studied medicine under S. R. Geiser, M. D., was graduated at the Pulte Medical College in the class of 1892, and at once opened an office for the practice of his profession at his present location. The Doctor is a member of the Ohio State Society, Cincinnati Lyceum, and the Hahnemann Society, and is resident physician to the Cincinnati Homeopathic Free Dispensary. The Doctor lectures on osteology at Pulte Medical College, and is assistant demonstrator of anatomy in the same. Dr. Wiggers is a rising young physician of the Queen City, devoted to his profession, and rapidly building up for himself a lucrative practice.

PETER T. KILGOUR, physician and surgeon, with office at No. 266 Elm street, and residence at College Hill, Ohio, was born January 4, 1860, near Guelph, Ontario, Canada. His parents, James and Mary (Thomson) Kilgour, were born in Scotland, the former in 1812, the latter in 1830. They emigrated to Guelph, Canada, in 1844. The father was a clergyman, public-school inspector, examiner of teachers, and lived a life of great activity and usefulness, dying in 1893. His wife died in 1866. Of their eleven children the following are living: John W., who is engaged in the real-estate and insurance business at Guelph, Ontario, Canada; David F., who is a druggist at Arthur, Ontario, Canada; William J., who is a teacher at Arkell, Ontario, Canada; Edmund S., who is a publisher, at Toronto, Canada; Annie, housekeeper, and Mary Martha, professional nurse, College Hill; and Peter Thomson. The last-named was graduated at Guelph, Canada, in 1878. He taught school in his native country from 1878 to 1881, when he was graduated at Ottawa, Canada, and was engaged in book publishing at Detroit, Mich,, and Cincinnati, until 1890, since which year he has devoted his time to the practice of medicine. He was grad-

712 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

uated in medicine in Cincinnati, in 1892. Dr. Kilgour was married July 16, 1884, to Anne Budd, daughter of William and Jane Charlotte (Matthews) Budd. Mrs. Kilgour died August 30, 1893. Two of their three children are living, Charles Edmund and Garfield Matthews. The Doctor is instructor in microscopy and clinical instructor in the diseases of the ear, throat and nose in Pulte Medical College, belongs to the Cincinnati Lyceum and the Ohio State Homeopathic Society, and is also a member of the National Union. He is independent in his political proclivities, and in religion affiliates with the Disciple or Christian Church.

STEPHEN BURR MARVIN, physician and druggist, place of business and residence No. 150 West Front street, corner of Elm, was born in Cincinnati on the 21st day of June, 1869. He received his primary education in the public schools or" Cincinnati, and also attended the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy and the Ohio Medical College, graduating from the latter institution in 1893. In May, 1884, he entered the pharmacy of John Weyer, northeast corner of Sixth and Elm streets, where he remained until 1885; was then engaged with Wilmot J. Hall & Company, pharmacists, at the northwest corner of Fourth and Elm streets, until 1890; was manager of John Roselin's pharmacy, northwest corner of Pearl and Ludlow streets, during 1891; manager of Toph & Company's pharmacy, northwest corner of Pearl and Lawrence streets, until 1893, and on June 1st of that year engaged in the drug business, and in the practice of his profession, at his present location. He was married, June 14, 1893, to Nellie, daughter of James and Mary Jane (Carr) King, who was born in Ashland, Ky., in 1875, and was educated in the public schools at Ironton, Ohio, and Cincinnati. He is a second lieutenant in the Gen. Benjamin Harrisen Camp No. 9, S. of V. ; a member of the Stamina Republican League; Medical Examiner for the World's Mutual Benefit Association, and also a member of the Order of the World; politically he is a Republican.

The father of our subject, Dr. John J. Marvin, was born in Shelby, Ohio, his mother, Harriet Eliza Guilford, in Vermont, and they were for many years teachers in the public schools of Cincinnati, the father being principal and the mother a teacher in the Sixteenth District School on Mount Auburn. The father came to Cincinnati from Shelby, where his father was an old and highly respected citizen, and among the earliest settlers of that part of the State, having- removed there from his home in Connecticut in 1819. Our subject's father is a graduate of the Pulte Medical College, where he was also a lecturer on anatomy. He now resides at Pleasant Ridge, where he is engaged in the practice of his profession; he is a member of the Masonic Fraternity, and has served several terms as master of the Lodge to which be belongs. Our subject's mother came to Cincinnati with her parents, who left their home in the Green Mountains in Vermont to locate in that city. She died on December 1, 1879. They had four sons born to them, all of whom survive, and are named as follows: Stephen B., our subject; Charles G., a drug clerk in his brother's store; Asa P., a machinist, residing at Allandale, Ohio, and John H., a student, residing at Pleasant Ridge with his father. The father of our subject's wife was Capt. James King, of the West Virginia Cavalry. He was born in England, of Irish parents, came to this country when but sixteen years old, and locating at Ironton, Ohio, lived there until the war of the Rebellion, when be enlisted in Company E, Second West Virginia Cavalry. He served with distinction until the close of the war, and died in 1875 from cancer contracted while a prisoner of war in Libby Prison. The mother of our subject's wife was born in Ironton, Ohio, in 1853; her father was Jeremiah Carr. a veteran of the Civil war, and her mother was Mary MacAnally, a sister of Maj. John MacAnally, of the West Virginia Cavalry.

Dr. Marvin's establishment is in all respects one of the most reliable in the city, and its history since its inception has been one of steady progress. No branch of work is more important to the community at large than that of the druggist, and this house has obtained a name and standing accorded to but few in the city. It is

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always supplied with a full and comprehensive line of pure drugs, chemicals, perfumes, toilet articles, and a complete stock of all proprietary remedies of acknowledged merit and standard reputation. The laboratory is supplied with all the requisite facilities for compounding the most difficult prescriptions, and this department is under the immediate supervision of a competent and experienced pharmacist, who alone handles and fills all prescriptions, and the utmost caution is taken in compounding medicines of all kinds.

DR. GEORGE C. KOLB, president of the Nature's Healing College, and professor of hygiene and therepia and physical diagnosis, has his office at No. 161 West Seventh street, Cincinnati. In 1893 he established and endowed the Nature's Healing College, located at No. 161 West Seventh street, where he and other eminent men intend to promulgate an entirely new system of treating the afflicted of all the socalled diseases of the mind and body. The agents used are air, heat, diet, electricity, magnetism, massage and all hygienic principles. The college was incorporated with a capital stock of fifty thousand dollars.

Dr. Kolb was born at New Albany, Ind., and is a son of Lawrence and Bertha (Kleiber) Kolb. His mother was a native of France, and his father of Germany. Dr. Kolb can trace back both his paternal and maternal ancestors over two hundred years. Many were of the nobility. His father came of a literary family, among them the great and impartial historian F. Kolb, whose work is now the standard history of his country. On his mother's side there were many professional, literary and political men. Our subject's parents still reside in New Albany, where they have reared three children, of whom our subject is the eldest. Always being very active and energetic, at the acre of fourteen he engaged in the chemical business, and succeeded in accumulating a handsome fortune. Always taking a great delight in the healing of the sick, he found time to attend medical lectures. He has studied eight systems of treating the sick, and has earned six diplomas. Being thoroughly dissatisfied with the old systems of practice, for the past five years he has practiced Nature's cure, and now his entire time is devoted to the teaching and practice of Nature's Healing Method. He partakes of his ancestors' literary talents, and has written textbooks for the college he now represents. He is a Methodist in religious faith, and whenever possible has taken an active interest in the Sabbath-school and Church. He is an active member of the I. O. O. F., Subordinate Encampment, and other Societies. Dr. Kolb is deserving of success, and we anticipate for him a bright future.

JOHN MILTON SCUDDER, M. D., was born in Hamilton Co., Ohio, on September 8, 1829. Losing his father at an early age, he was thrown upon his own resources for sustenance and education, so that the business of his life was not commenced until he had reached the age of twenty-six. He was educated at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, and received his medical education in the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, from which he graduated in 1850. In the year following his graduation he received the appointment of processor of anatomy in his alma mater, and afterward filled the chair of obstetrics and diseases of women and children. A few years later he was appointed to the chair of pathology and practice of medicine, which he has ably filled to the present time.

As an author Dr. Scudder has been untiring in his efforts, and has met with extraordinary success. His first effort in this direction was made in 1858, when he published a practical treatise on the diseases of women. This was followed by a work on Materia Medica and Therapeutics, 1860; The Eclectic Practice of Medicine, 1864; The use of Inhalations, 1865; A Domestic Medicine, 1860; The Principles of Medicine, 1867; Specific Medication, 1871; Diseases of Children, 1867; The Reproductive Organs and Venereal Diseases, 1874; and Specific Diagnosis, 1874. In addition to these works be has edited and !published the Eclectic Medical Journal (established in 1833) since 1862, and has contributed regularly and largely to its pages to the present time.

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Since he was elected dean and treasurer of the Eclectic Medical Institute, during its dark days of the Civil war and of the discussions between rival factions, he has raised the institution to a high position among the scientific colleges of the country; and it is to-day conceded to be the foremost of Eclectic colleges. The alumni of the college, who are scattered throughout the land, and who now number over 3,100, are known to be the most successful physicians in their several localities, a fact, which of itself is the best commendation of the superior teachings received by them from their Alma Mater. Few writers or teachers have accomplished so much as Dr. Scudder. His works are recognized as authority by, and are found in the libraries of, not only eclectic physicians, but the progressive men of all schools of medicine; and it is safe to say that the physician who is guided by them in his practice will not fail to be a successful practitioner. Dr. Scudder is a member of the National Eclectic Medical Association, of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Society and the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society, and au honorary member of several State associations. He is still actively engaged as a practitioner, teacher, and student of medicine, and constantly watches the incessant progress and development of the healing art.

On September 8, 1849, Dr. Scudder married Jane Hannah, by whom be had five children, of whom one daughter is living. On February 4, 1861, he married Mary Hannah, a sister of his first wife, by whom he has had five children, all boys, of whom two are graduates of their father's Alma Mater. Dr. Scudder has recently published revised and enlarged editions of his works, and is still the active editor of the Eclectic Medical Journal. He is a regular attendant at the meetings of his State Society, and the national organization. [Since the foregoing was written, Dr. Scudder died.] A short time before his death he wrote biographical sketches of Drs. John King, Andrew Jackson Howe, Frederick John Locke, J. A. Jeancon, John U. Lloyd, Lyman Watkins, William Lowry Dickson, William Boyd Scudder, and Edward Freeman; he also prepared the following history of Eclectic Medicine, which is followed by the biographies referred to:

A History of Eclectic Medicine. On May 3, 1830, the following resolution was adopted by the Reformed Medical Society of the United States:

"Resolved, That this Society deem it expedient to establish an additional school in some town on the Ohio River, or some of its tributaries, in order that the people of the West may avail themselves of the advantages resulting from a scientific knowledge of Botanic medication."

In this resolution we have the origin of the Eclectic practice of medicine in the West, and indeed in the United States, for the men who established the now college became its principal supporters, and their investigations gave force and strength to the practice. In accordance with the resolution a school was established at Worthington, Ohio. in 1832, under a university charter obtained by Bishop Chase, Prof. T. V. Morrow being the leading spirit. These earlier Eclectics were a sturdy class of men. Seeing the risks of regular medicine, and knowing the superiority of the milder means, they did vigorous battle for what they deemed right, and against what they believed a gross wrong. They firmly believed that the lancet, calomel, blue pill, antimony, and associate antiphlogistic means, were killing thousands and wrecking the health of millions; and they said so in plain English. " Martyrs are the seed of the church," and the persecution meted out to the fathers of Eclecticism with no stinted hand had much to do with its growth. Writing in 1836, Prof. Morrow states "There are now in different sections of the United States, about two hundred regularly educated medical Reformers, besides a considerable number of old-school physicians who have openly declared themselves in favor of the new practice."

The college was continued at Worthington with varying success until 1842, when it was decided to remove it to Cincinnati, a larger place being deemed more desirable on very many accounts. A first course of lectures was delivered in 1843--44, and a

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second the succeeding year without a charter, when in 1845 the Eclectic Medical Institute was chartered by special act of the legislature, and a full Faculty organized. Its Faculty was composed of Profs. T. V. Morrow, M. D.; B. L. Hill, M. D.: H. Cox, M. D.; L. E. Jones, M. D.; A. H. Balbridge, M. D., and James H. Oliver, M. D. In 1849 Profs. Gatchell and Stallo became members of the Faculty, and a chair of homeopathy was established and filled by Prof. Storm Rosa. In 1850 Prof. Morrow died of dysentery, and Prof. I. G. Jones, of Columbus, was appointed to the chair of Practice of Medicine, and Prof. J. R. Buchanan to the chair of Physiology, and in 1851, Profs. John King, R. S. Newton and Zoheth Freeman became members of the Faculty.

The college has been prosperous from its commencement, the classes being larger than its most sanguine friends could have anticipated. The death of Prof. Morrow was a misfortune, and the jealousies of its earlier professors a continuous drawback; yet every year brought an increasing number of students, and an increased reputation for its graduates. In time the petty quarreling ceased, and the members of the Faculty worked together for the common good, feeling that individual success was best secured in this way. A prominent. characteristic of the progress of this school has been the earnestness with which they maintained their belief in the face of most bitter opposition, always eclectic and always ready to do battle for the name and teaching it expressed.

In 1856 a lack of harmony in the Faculty took place, resulting in the formation of the Cincinnati College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery, which competed for the patronage of Eclectic students up to the reunion of the schools in 1859. The Eclectic Medical Institute now stands as godmother to the graduates of this school, renewing their diplomas when destroyed. Since that date the workings of the Institute have been smooth, the advancement in the standard of medical education steady, and all the actions of the Faculty harmonious. The following is a resume of the minimum requirements for graduation during the different periods of the existence of the Institute: 1845-1871-Three years reading, with two sessions attendance, or four years practice in lieu of one session. After this date (1871) no honorary degrees were granted, and none such are enumerated in the following pages. 1871-1878-Three years reading and two sessions attendance. 1878-1890-Three years reading and two sessions attendance, not consecutive in the same college year; or one years reading and three sessions; or four sessions without previous reading. Since 1890- Students applying for graduation must have read medicine for four years and attended three sessions of lectures, six months each in different college years. (All time of reading includes college attendance). All students must take the special laboratory courses, attend the Cincinnati Hospital two sessions, and make three dissections.

There are now eight Eclectic colleges in the United States. Although few in number they are the peers of the majority of the regular schools. There are eleven monthly journals and newspapers published in the interest of Eclecticism. Eclectics have hospitals devoted exclusively to their interests in Cincinnati and Springfield, Ohio, St. Louis, Chicago, San Francisco and New York. They are also represented on the staff of several public hospitals in the large cities. Of the ninety thousand physicians now practicing in the United States fully twelve thousand are Eclectics. There are about seventy-five Eclectic physicians practicing in Hamilton county, chiefly in Cincinnati and suburbs. The following are connected with the Faculty of the Eclectic Medical Institute: John M. Scudder, F. J. Locke, R. L. Thomas, E.. Freeman, W. E. Bloyer, Z. Freeman, J. A. Jeancon, J. U. Lloyd, R. C. Wintermute, W. L. Dickson, W. Byrd Scudder, H. W. Fetter, E. R. Freeman, George W. Brown, Henrietta C. Dorman, Charles G. Smith and J. K. Scudder.

The following physicians are members of the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society residing in Hamilton county: F. M. Baldwin, J. M. Baker, Ebon Behymer, E. T.

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Behymer, Edwin Behymer. J. J. Blair, D. D. Borger, J. N. Bradley, W. C. Cooper, J. Ferris, Sara V. Groff, William O. C. Harding, D. W. McCarthy, J. S. McClelland, Orrie P. McHenry, Mrs. E. T. Matthews, J. T. Ricker, A. E. Rodgers, Sarah M. Siewers, John R. Spencer, Charles M. Sparks, E. A. Squier, Jennie S. Tarrant, Charles W. Tidball, Henry Voll, Sam H. Spencer, William L. Snyder, William W. Barber and H. F. Scudder.

JOHN KING, M.D., was born in New York City, January 1, 1813, and died June 19, 1893. He graduated at, the Reformed Medical College of Now York. In 1840 he was induced to move west, where he finally located in Cincinnati. In 1849 he was called from that city to occupy the chair of Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Medical Jurisprudence in the Memphis University, Tennessee, which position he held till 1857, when he accepted the. professorship of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children in the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincinnati, which chair he occupied till June, 1890. In addition to his voluminous writings upon medical and other subjects that have appeared from time to time in various journals and papers, the following works are also from his pen: "The American Dispensatory," 1853, which passed through eight editions; "American Obstetrics," 1855, of which three editions have been issued; "Women, their Diseases and their Treatment," 1858; "The Microscopist's Companion," 1859; "The American Family Physician," 1860; and in 1860 he published his celebrated work on "Chronic Diseases." He was a member of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Society, and of the National Eclectic Medical Association, and filled several honorable positions in civil life.

ANDREW JACKSON HOWE was born on the 14th of April, 1820, in Paxton, Mass., and died June 16, 1892. His parents were Samuel H. Howe and Elizabeth Moore Howe, who resided on an ancestral estate where for generations the Howe family had been raised. He teas the fourth of nine children-four sons and five daughters. After the common-school career of New England, he fitted for college at Leicester Academy and entered Harvard University in 1849, graduating in the class of 1853. He studied medicine in Boston, New York and Philadelphia, and took his professional degree at the Worcester Medical Institution. He entered upon the practice of medicine in Worcester, Mass. In 1863 he was appointed to the chair of Anatomy in the Eclectic Medical Institute, and in 1871 he was transferred to the chair of Surgery, which position he has since occupied. He is the author of "Art and Science of Surgery," a "Treatise on Fractures and Dislocations," " Manual of Eye Surgery," and "Operative Gynecology." Dr. Howe was a member of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, the University Club, Cuvier Club, and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. For several years Prof. Howe had been a regular contributor to the pages of the Eclectic Medical Journal, and had written much pamphlet literature on miscellaneous subjects. In the lecture-room, as teacher, Prof. Howe was a fluent and forcible speaker, and rapidly made black-board sketches to illustrate topics under discussion. His reputation as all operative surgeon extended through a wide range of territory, and embraced, the most difficult cases in surgery. In the course of his surgical career he contribute(] many original ideas of value to medical and surgical practice. In 1856 Dr. A. J. Howe was married to Georgiana Lakin, of Paxton, Mass. They had no children. In 1886 they made a somewhat extensive tour of Europe, his object, in fact, being to visit the hospitals of that, country.

FREDERICK JOHN LOCKE, M.D., was born in the city of London, England, on the 7th of December, 1829. Was educated at Christ's College, Newgate street, in the same city; read medicine with Dr. Edwards, Blackfriar's Road, London. At the breaking out of the Civil war in this country, he was practicing medicine in Waverly, Pike Co., Ohio. Entered the service August, 1861, as captain of Company D, Thirty-third O. V. I. Was promoted to major, March 23, 1862, and to lieutenantcolonel July 16 in the same year. In 1864 he graduated at the Eclectic Medical

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Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio. Practiced medicine in Newport, Ky., since 1864, Was city physician of Newport for six years, having charge of the city hospital, jail and all out-door poor. Was appointed professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the Eclectic Medical Institute in 1871, which chair he has held with great credit to himself and his important branch of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. He resides in Newport, Kentucky.

J. A. JEANCON. M. D., was born in Cambray, Department du Nord, France, April 28, 1881. Was sent to school in Berlin, Germany, when he was twelve years of age, and subsequently, at the age of fourteen, was sent to school in Turin, Italy, in order to learn German and Italian. He spent about a year in each place. When be was fifteen, he attended French schools at Paris, studying the classics and mathematics, and in 1850 he went to London, England, where he entered the Middlesex Hospital Medical School, and continued there until 1854, when be was qualified for the practice of medicine and surgery by the Royal College of Surgeons, E England, in the class of 1854. Shortly thereafter he left England and came to this country, where he engaged in the practice of his profession until the summer of 1861, when be was commissioned assistant-surgeon of the Thirty-second Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, and in April, 1862, he was promoted surgeon of that regiment, Having been badly injured in the early part of the war, he was detached from his command, and was detailed on hospital duty in different parts of the South, and ultimately at Evansville, Ind. He was most of the time acting superintendent of a number of general hospitals, or in charge of one hospital, as his health would permit. He stayed in the service of the United States until the summer of 1865, when after leaving it he resumed the practice of the profession in civil life, and has continued it until the present time. He was appointed to the chair of Physiology and Chemistry in the Eclectic Medical Institute in 1874, which he held until 1878, then the chair of Physiology until 1891.

JOHN U. LLOYD was born in West Bloomfield, N. Y., April 19, 1848, and four years later moved to Boone county, Ky. In his early age he had a preference for chemistry, and at the age of fifteen be entered the drug store of W. J. M. Gordon, In this position he applied himself with earnest endeavor to secure a practical knowledge of all the facts relative to the indigenous drugs which came under his observation. In 1871 be entered the establishment of H. M. Merrell & Co., and in 1877 he gained a partnership in this firm by his excellent management. In 1878 he was elected to the chair of Chemistry in the Eclectic Medical Institute, and in 1883 to the same in the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy. As a lecturer he holds the close attention of his entire class, and both in chemistry and pharmacy he is enabled to tell them from his extensive practical knowledge much of unusual interest and value. In 1880 he published the "Chemistry of Medicines," Later a supplement to " King's American Dispensatory;" then a work on " Elixirs." His contributions to the different pharmaceutical and medical journals have been many and varied and of inestimable value in advancing our knowledge of plant medicines. His work in editing the " Drugs and Medicines of North America " is of special value in this same direction.-[Pharmaceutical Record, Jan. 1, 1885,

LYMAN WATKINS was born May 1, 1854, at Blanchester, Clinton county, Ohio. His father, Dr. Jonas Watkins, received his medical education at Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, but soon becoming dissatisfied with old-school practice became an early convert to Eclecticism, and is one of the pioneers of the State, Dr. Lyman Watkins attended the public school and high school in big native village, and' in 1874 entered the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware. Ohio; from there he came direct to the Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating in the spring of 1877. He engaged in the practice of medicine with his father in Blauchester, in the meantime taking a course of lectures at the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1881-82 the Doctor was successful in establishing a lucrative

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practice, and in 1888 was elected secretary of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association, and the following year was elected president of the same body. In the meantime he was also elected secretary and subsequently vice-president of the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical Society. In 1890 be was selected to fill the chair of histology and microscopy in the Eclectic Medical Institute, and in 1891 was promoted to the chair of physiology which he now holds. He is also clinical professor of general diseases at the College Dispensary, and editor of the specific medication department of the Eclectic Medical Journal.

WILLIAM LOWRY DICKISON, son of the late Hon. William Martin Dickson, was born in Cincinnati, March 7, 1856. After a thorough preparatory course of education, acquired in the city schools, he entered Yale College, graduating therefrom in the class of. 1878. Returning to Cincinnati, he commenced reading law under the direction of his father, and was admitted to the Bar in 1881, after a comprehensive, systematic and severe course of instruction. While studying law, and for a time after being admitted, Mr. Dickson was instructor of Latin and Greek in the Cincinnati schools, after which he took up practice, which has steadily advanced and developed into a lucrative as well as into a highly important one. As a lawyer, Mr. Dickson is chiefly distinguished for the care and attention bestowed on the preparation of his cases, and the profound and exhaustive researches into all the points bearing upon them. His scholarly attainments, together with the gift of a natural and easy flow of language, renders him particularly well qualified for his chosen profession, a fact which his large clientage and high standing at the Bar clearly demonstrates. In addition to his law practice, Mr. Dickson is lecturer on medical jurisprudence in the Eclectic Medical Institute, a position which is in itself a distinguishing mark of honor.

WILLIAM BYRD SCUDDER, M. D., was born in Avondale, Hamilton Co., Ohio, December 12, 1869. He received his preliminary education in the public schools, and attended the Cincinnati University two years, paying special attention to analytical chemistry under the direction of Prof. T. H. Norton. He graduated at the Eclectic Medical Institute after attending four sessions, in June, 1890. He attended the summer sessions in Ophthalmology and Otology, in 1890 and 1891, in the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, New York City. He has had charge of the chemical laboratory of the Eclectic Medical Institute during 1890-91. and lectured and had charge of the clinics in ophthalmology and otology in 1891-92,

EDWIN FREEMAN, M. D., professor of surgery in the Eclectic Medical Institute, was born in Milton, Queen's Co., Nova Scotia, January 1, 1834. His ancestors emigrated from England to Cape Cod, Mass., and thence to Nova Scotia.

After completing his collegiate education our subject began the study of medicine. He went to Cincinnati in 1854, and there pursuing his studies graduated in 1856. He was demonstrator of anatomy until 1890, when he was appointed professor of anatomy in the Eclectic Medical Institute. In 1862 he was assistant-surgeon Second Regiment, Home Guards, for the defense of Cincinnati. On November 7, 1862, after examination by the medical board at Washington City, he was appointed, by President. Lincoln, assistant-surgeon United States Volunteers, and was assigned to duty with the light artillery of the Ninth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, then before Fredericksburg. Va. He was on duty with the Ninth Army Corps on the James River, and in central Kentucky; at Vicksburg, Miss., and at Knoxville, Tenn., in the siege and battle of Fort Sanders. In 1863 he was appointed, by the surgeongeneral, a member of the board of examiners for surgeons and assistant-surgeons United States Volunteers, to sit at Cincinnati. He went to the city, but his orders were changed and he joined the Ninth Corps at Vicksburg. The fatal typho-malarial fever prostrated him while there, and he was slow recovering from its effects. In February, 1864, he was ordered to 'duty in the hospitals at Columbus, Ohio. On

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March 30, 1864, he was promoted and commissioned surgeon United States Volunteers, by the President, and confirmed by the Senate. Continued ill health caused him to offer his resignation from the service, which was accepted April 19, 1864.

On June 28, 1864. Dr. Freeman was married to Miss Rozella A. Ricker, of Locust Corner, Clermont Co., Ohio, eldest daughter of Maj. Elbridge Ricker. In 1866 he was appointed professor of anatomy in the Eclectic College of the City of Now York, removed to that city, and in 1870 was appointed professor of surgery. He was re-appointed professor of anatomy in the Eclectic, Medical Institute of Cincinnati in 1871, and returned to that city, He occupied the chair worthily until 1887, when he resigned from the college on account of persistent ill health, and removed to California. In the spring of 1892 he returned to Cincinnati, and was then appointed professor of surgery in the Eclectic Medical Institute. His family consists of two sons: E. R. and Z. F., and one daughter, Zella M. Freeman. E. R. Freeman, M. D., is now assistant to the chair of surgery.

JOSEPH H. PULTE, M. D.* The first pioneer of Homeopathy in Southern Ohio of whom we have any account was Joseph H. Pulte, M. D., born in Mescheel, Westphalia, Germany, October 6, 1811. His father was medical director in one of the government institutions for the education of midwives. After completing a thorough literary course, Dr. Pulte graduated in medicine at the University of Marburg.

In the spring of 1834 he and his oldest brother landed in New York. His brother proceeded directly to St. Louis, Mo., while the Doctor settled at Cherryville, Northampton Co., Penn., where he formed the acquaintance of Dr. William Wesselhoff, by whom he was induced to investigate Homeopathy. His experiences were so satisfactory that he very soon embraced its doctrines, and gave to its study his whole energy, until he had mastered it, which was no easy task, for books and repertoires were then quite unknown. Nearly all knowledge of Hahnemann's method existed at that time in the form of manuscripts, and had to be copied for circulation. Dr. Pulte assisted in forming the first homeopathic medical society in Northampton county, and perhaps in the United States, and assisted in organizing and sustaining the first homeopathic medical school in the United States the Allentown Academy. On its dissolution, in 1840, Dr. Pulte started to join his brother in St. Louis, and on his way thither became acquainted with the lady who afterward became his wife. He did not then complete his journey to St. Louis, but stopped at Cincinnati and became engaged in practice of his profession here. In a short time he opened a private dispensary, which was soon largely patronized by the poorer classes. The news of his success soon became known throughout the city, when the rich as well as the poor flocked to his rooms for relief, and in an inconceivably short time he had all the business he could attend to. Meantime he engaged in literary and scientific work, which received the highest commendation from literary and scientific men of both continents. When cholera approached this country in 1849, Dr. Pulte took active means to spread a knowledge of the best method of preventing the disease and of its treatment. During the prevalence of the epidemic which followed, he and his partner, Dr. B. F. Ehrman, were busy day and night. The results of their practice was of the most extraordinary character, insomnch that their adversaries had these two physicians arrested for as alleged, not, reporting properly their deaths from cholera. A legal investigration followed, which was in every way satisfactory to them. In 1850 Dr. Pulte published the "Domestic Physician," which was soon after translated into Spanish, and proved very profitable in its sales through Cuba, Spain and South America. Its sales in England were unprecedented for an American. book. In 1852, in connection with Prof. H. P. Gatchell, he commenced the

* J. D. Buck, M. D. is the author of the biography of J. H. Pulte, and the history of the college which bears his name and is connected with his sketch; he also prepared the sketches of Drs. Benjamin F. Ehrmann, Isedorich Ehrman, H. P. Gatchell, Davis, .,lames G Hunt, A. shepherd, Adolph Batter. Gerhard Saal and Edwin C. Witherell,

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publication of the magazine of Homeopathy and Hydropathy, in which he continued about two years. In the same year he accepted an invitation to take the chair of Clinical Medicine and Obstetrics in the Western College of Homeopathy at Clevelaud, Ohio, which he filled most acceptably two years. In 1853-54, seeing the necessity for a place of amusement in Cleveland, he built the Academy of Music, which remained in his possession for nearly seven years.

In 1853 he published the "Woman's Medical Guide," which became a very popular work, and sold very largely in this country and England. It was also translated into Spanish, and had an extensive circulation in Cuba and South American countries. In 1855 he published a monogram upon diphtheria and its treatment. In the same year he delivered the annual address before the American Institute of Homeopathy at Buffalo, N.Y. In 1872 he assisted in organizing a Homeopathic Medical College in Cincinnati. which, in honor of his long and valuable labors in the profession, bears his name. He accepted the chair of Clinical Medicine in the college, which be occupied two years. Owing to advancing age and accumulating infirmities, he relinquished the duties of this office in 1874. Dr. Pulte acquired large wealth as the result of his labors and frugality, and lived to enjoy it until March, 1884, when he passed on to the reward that awaits a faithful and conscientious stewardship.

In the year 1868 Homeopathic physicians of Cincinnati, aided by their patrons, organized a fair for the purpose of raising funds with which to start a free dispensary for the poor of the city. This net result of the fair, which lasted three days, was about fourteen thousand dollars. A building was leased at the intersection of Smith and Seventh streets at a rental of $1,500 a year, and one Dr. Cloud employed at a salary of $1,500 per annum to conduct the dispensary. At the end of two years but $4,609 of the original fund remained, and the dispensary had to be abandoned by Dr. Cloud, leaving the lease on the trustees' hands. Dr. J. D. Buck having removed to the city, undertook to relieve the dispensary, and the following year found it in successful operation. The surplus of $4,600 remaining went into the fund for the purchase of the college property on the corner of Seventh and Mound streets, the Faculty of the college agreeing to maintain the dispensary at their own expense for a period of ten years, which maintenance they have continued to the present time.

Pulte Medical College was organized under the common law in May, 1872, with a capital stock of $5,000 submitted to legal appraisers, Its first circular was issued in May and its first annual announcement in June of the same year. The first circular contained the following statement: "A Homeopathic college with the above name (Pulte Medical College) has been organized in Cincinnati in just recognition of its founder, the pioneer of Homeopathy west of the Alleghanies, by whose munificence the finances of the college are placed beyond an experimental basis. Dr. Pulte furnished $5,000, with which the college organized under the common law, and gave later to Hon. Bellamy Storer, first president of the board of trustees, a written pledge signed by himself and wife, promising to endow the college with $50,000 at his death. At the opening lecture of the first course Dr. Pulte further stated that his entire estate should eventually fall to the college that bore his name. The following gentlemen constituted the first board of trustees of the college: Hon. Bellamy Storer, Hon. M. B. Hagaus, Hon. Job E. Stevenson, Gazzam Gano, John E. Bell, Hugh McBirney, J. S. Keck. R. M. Bishop, J. P. Epply, C. F. Bradley, J. H. Pulte, J. N. Banning, J. W. Baker, S. C. Foster, S. R. Beckwith, George Eustis, A. H. Hinkle, W. L. Evans, Amos Shinkle, F. G. Huntington, Hon. P. W. Strader, J. Stacy Hill, A. B. Bullock, John Cinnamon, J. N. Kinneo, J. W. Banning, M. H. Slosson. Officers of the board-Hon. Bellamy Storer, president; R. M. Bishop, vice-president; W. L. Evans, secretary; George Eustis, treasurer. The following named physicians comprised the first Faculty of the college: J. H.

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Pulte, M, D.. Clinician Medicine; Charles Cropper, M. D., Materia Medico; M. H. Slosson, M. D., Obstetrics; T. C. Bradford, M. D., Gynecology; D. H. Beckwith, M. D., Paedology; C. C. Bronson, M. D., Surgical Pathology; 'S. R. Beckwith, M. D., Operative Surgery; D. W. Hartshorn, M. D., Surgery.

The first college session included five months, and next to a graded course of instruction by the Faculty the requirements for graduation were the following conditions:

"Must be twenty-one years of age and must have attended two full terms of medical lectures, the last of which shall be in this college. They must have studied medicine not less than three years, including class sessions under the immediate instruction of a competent practitioner, They must have a good English education and sustain a thorough examination in medicine and surgery." Thirty-eight students matriculated from the first session, of which number ten took the full threeyears' course. There were ten graduates at the close of the first term of students who had begun their college course elsewhere. Dr. Pulte gave but one course of lectures in the college, his health failing soon after the opening of the second term. About this time the college became embarrassed financially, as the fees from students were inadequate for expenses. The building at the corner of Seventh and Walnut streets. known as the Maxwell Female Seminary, had been purchased by joint contract of the Faculty, Dr. Pulte agreeing to eventually provide the money for the purchase. When the college became embarrassed for funds a fair was held y the lady patrons, netting about thirty-five hundred dollars. A year later payments for the purchase of the property becoming due, the property was sold under foreclosure, and eventually reclaimed through funds furnished by the Faculty and their friends. Dr. Wm. Owens had the matter especially in charge, and by aid of the Faculty and his own personal guarantee brought the matter to a successful issue. The title was invested in trustees for the college and dispensary on a lease, with privilege of purchase at $25,000, hereafter the receipts from students' fees sufficed to pay expenses and ground rent and to conduct the free dispensary for the benefit of the poor of the city until the death of Dr. Pulte, when, he having made no further provision for the college, it became necessary to establish its claim to endowment after Mrs. Pulte's death. This was accordingly undertaken in court, resulting in a compromise and the payment, of $25,000, this amount and the previous $5,000 for organization being all that was realized by the college out of Dr.Pulte's estate. This result was due largely to Dr. Pulte's failing health and its, mental impairment thereto, which decreased his interest and rendered him unmindful of his former enthusiasm and promises to the college. All who know Dr. Pulte and witnessed his enthusiasm and heard his pledges at the opening of the college knew that he fully intended to make the college his heir and the crowning work of a most worthy career and a successful life. In his failing health suspicions were easily aroused and taken advantage of by persons interested in their own personal profit. Hence the plans of his prime were defeated and the college deprived of the endowment he fully intended.