HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY. - 243

CHAPTER XIV.

CIVIL ADMINISTRATION.

INCORPORATION OF THE VILLAGE AND CITY OF CINCINNATI-CIVIL OFFICERS FROM THE BEGINNING-ROSTER OF COUNTY OFFICIALS-STATE SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES OF HAMILTON COUNTY-UNITED STATES SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES-INCIDENTS AND CONTESTS--POLITICAL, CONVENTIONS.

THE settlement of Cincinnati remained under township government until January, 1802, when the Territorial Legislature passed an act incorporating the village. Its population at that time was about seven hundred and fifty, and as the military exercised much tyranny over the people, life was made very unpleasant. The original town, as laid out y Israel Ludlow, was bounded by the river, Seventh street, Broadway and Central avenue, and contained about a section of land, and the actual cost was about sixteen and two-thirds cents per acre. By the act of incorporation the judicial power was vested in a court, which consisted of a mayor and three aldermen, appointed by council, and from among the citizens of the village. The legislative power was lodged with the council, chosen annually, and made up of a president, recorder, and nine trustees. The act defined the limits of the corporation as follows: "Mill creek on the west, the township line, which lies about one mile from the river, on the north, and the eastern boundary of fractional Section 12, which extends nearly half a mile above the town plat on the east." The southern boundary was the river, of course.

Self-government of Cincinnati commenced March 5, 1802, by the election, by council, of David Zeigler as president of their body. Capt. Zeigler, to whom belongs the honor of being the first executive officer of Cincinnati, was a Prussian by birth, and served as an officer in the early campaigns against the Indians. He was stationed at Fort Finney, near the mouth of the Great Miami, more than two years before Losantiville was founded. Maj. Denny, who was an officer of the first regiment of the army, pays him a handsome compliment; in his journal, for gallant conduct and soldierly bearing. On the 22d of February, 1789, he was married at Fort Harmar, near Marietta, to Miss Sheffield. Maj. Denny was his " best man," and he says that it was the first event of the kind that he had been a witness to. Capt. Zeigler was a very popular man in the new settlement, and had many friends. He died September 24, 1811, was buried with military honors, and his name has been held in grateful remembrance by a numerous posterity.

The other officers chosen at this meeting were as follows: Aaron Goforth, recorder; George Fithian, Thomas McFarland, David Grummon, Samuel Stith, Andrew Parks, William McFarland, trustees: Joseph Price, assessor; Abraham Carey, collector; William Ruffin, town marshal.

At the same meeting which elected the first president, the first ordinance was passed. It was for the prevention of swine running at large in the streets of the village, showing thus early that the local law-makers had the proper conception of what constituted true cleanliness, if it has not been so strictly observed in modern days.

The first seal for the use of the corporation of the town of Cincinnati was ordered by an ordinance passed July 17, 1802. It was to be procured and made of copper, having the following design, to wit: "Cincinnatus, with the word engraved above his head in a circular manner; a plow, sheaf of wheat, bee-hive and rising sun, with an inscription round the edge, and near the extremity thereof these words, to wit:

244 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

Corporation of the town of Cincinnati, and with the numeral letters, MDCCCII. This design was readopted under the new law of 1815, by the council, with the change only of the year.

PRESIDENT ZEIGLER'S SUCCESSORS.

Capt. David Zeigler served two years as president of council. His successor was Joseph Prince, chosen in 1804. A year later, James Findlay succeeded to the presidency of the village, and he was followed, in 1806, by John L. Gano. In 1807, Martin Baum was president; in 1808 and 1809, Daniel Symmes; in 1810, James Findlay was again re-elected, and re-elected the following year; in 1812, Martin. Baum was again made president; in 1813, William Stanley was elected, and reelected in 1814; in 1815, Samuel W. Davies was chosen president at the regular meeting in January. On the 10th of this month, however, the legislature passed a new law dividing the town into four wards, by straight lines, but retaining the original boundaries, in each of which three trustees were to be chosen for two years. This involved a re-organization of the town government. When the new charter was received on April 5, 1815, the following trustees "met at Samuel McHenry's tavern:" William Correy, Jonathan Pancoast, Oliver M. Spencer, Joseph Warner, Christopher Walker, David Kilgour, Samuel W. Davies, Nicholas Longworth, John Shaw, William Ruffin, Francis Carr, and Jacob Burnet, three from each ward, and proceeded to elect new officers. William Correy, who had been clerk, was chosen mayor for two years. Mr. Davies, therefore, was only in office a short time when he was legislated out by the provisions of the new charter. His successor, William. Correy, continued to be mayor until 1819, the year Cincinnati was incorporated as a city. Under the provisions of this charter Isaac G. Burnet was chosen mayor April, 1819. Mayor Burnet was a man of more than ordinary ability and tact, as was manifest in the fact that he served the city as chief executive until 1827, when the charter was revised and again amended in the legislative session of 1828-29, the election of mayor and other officers was made biennial, and the first Monday in April fixed as the day for holding the election.

UNDER THE NEW LAW.

In 1829 Isaac G. Burnet was again re-elected mayor, the total vote cast being 2,628. In 1827 the city was divided into five wards, and the division so continued until 1838. Mayor Burnet was succeeded in 1831 by Elisha Hotchkiss, who had been repeatedly defeated for that office. From that time on the succession has been as follows: In 1833, Samuel W. Davies, who continued in office for ten consecutive years, was one of the prominent figures in the history of Cincinnati of that tithe. Early writers speak highly of his "intelligence and strict integrity, both in public and private life. In his personal appearance there was nothing striking, except his queue, a fashion in hair dressing affected by the elderly men of that day. He was nearly six feet in height, and his smooth-shaven face always wore a severe mien. He was a Whig in politics, and an Episcopalian in religion. Public-spirited or nothing, he was one of the first in a company to establish the city water-works, from which grow. the present extensive system of water supply. His death occurred December 22,1843.

In 1843 Henry E. Spencer succeeded Mayor Davies, and he held the office for four consecutive terms, winning the respect and admiration of all parties for his. honesty, ability and public spirit. He was born and raised in Cincinnati, and was a lawyer by profession. In politics he was an Old-line Whig, but became a Democrat in 1856. In 1839 the wards were increased to seven, and in 1843 to nine. Mayor Spencer was succeeded, as follows: Mark P. Taylor, 1851; David T. Snellbaker, 1853;. James J. Faran, 1855; N. W. Thomas, 1857; R. M. Bishop, 1859; George B. Hatch, 1861; L. A. Harris, 1863; re-elected; Charles F. Wilstach, 1867; John W.-

HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY. - 245

Torrence, 1869; S. S. Davis, 1871; George W. C. Johnston, 1873; re-elected, 1875, Robert M. Moore, 1877; Charles Jacob, Jr., 1879; William Means, 1881; Thomas J. Stephens, 1883; Amor Smith, Jr., 1885; re-elected, 1887; John B. Mosby, 1889 re-elected, 1892 and 1893. At Mayor Mosby's first election the total number c votes cast was 50,749.

ROSTER OF COUNTY OFFICERS.

The county of Hamilton was established by proclamation of Gen. St. Clair, military governor of the Northwest Territory, issued January 4, 1790. Its original boundaries were as follows: " Beginning on the Ohio river at the confluence of the Little Miami, and down the said Ohio to the mouth of the Big Miami; and up said Miami to the standing stone forks or branch of said river, and thence with a line being drawn due east to the Little Miami, and down said Little Miami to the place o beginning." This territory embraced about one-eight of the present State of Ohio and, as it had been the scene of so many fierce conflicts between the Kentuckians an( Indians in their raids to and fro, it was called the " Miami Slaughter-House " b3 the early settlers. After issuing his proclamation Gen. St. Clair busied himself for several days in making a list of civil and military appointments for the new county, The former were necessary in order to set the machinery of local government in motion. The highest civil officer, aside from the court judges, was that of sheriff. The line has been as follows:

.Sheriff's.--1790 92, John Brown, "gent;" 1793-94, John Ludlow; 1795-96 Daniel Symmes; 1797-1804, James Smith-also collector of the government revenue, and universally known as "Sheriff Smith;" 1805-6, William McFarland; 180610, Aaron Goforth; 1811-12, Joseph Jenkinson; 1813-14, John S. Wallace; 1816, David Hosbrook; 1817, William Ruffin; 1818-22, Stephen Ayres; 1823-25,. William Ruffin; 1829, John C. Avery; 1831-34, Ebenezer Hulse; 1836-38, Samuel Fostic; re-elected; 1839-42, John C. Avery; 1843-46, John H. Gerrard; 1847-48, Thomas S. Weaver; 1849-50, Joseph Cooper; 1851-52, Charles W. Smith; 185354, Benjamin Higdon; 1855-56, Gassaway Broshear; 1857-58, Richard Matthers; 1859-60, Henry Kessler; 1861-62, John B. Armstrong; 1863-64, William Long; 1865-66, Richard Calvin; 1867-68, Henry S. Schotman; 1869-70, Daniel Weber; 1871-72, Joseph E. Heart; 1873-74, George W. Ziegler; 1875-76, Ferdinand Springmeir; 1878, William Pitt Wallace; 1879-80, George Weber; 1881-82, Samuel Baily, Jr. ; 1883-84, Morton L. Hawkins; 1885-86, Samuel Beresford, Jr. ; 1887-88, Leo Schott; re-elected; 1891-92, Valentine H. Heim; 1893-94, Robert M. Archibald.

Recorders.-This officer was appointed by the court until 1831. Since that time he has been elected by the people; term three years. The line, with the exception of some breaks, caused y the loss of records, has been as follows: 1790, James Burnet; 1802, Oliver Spencer; 1819, Thomas Henderson; 1841, Griffith Yeatman; 1845, Thomas Heckewelder; 1850, William Horn; 1857, John W. Carlton; 1862, Henry Ives; 1865, F. H. Oehlman; 1868, John E. Rees: 1870, Thomas L. Young; 1873, George J. Leininger; 1875, Frank Bruner; 1878, George O. Deckebaugh; 1882, George Rabenstein; 1885, John Hagerty; 1888, George Hobson; re-elected, term expires in 1894.

Prosecuting Attorneys.--This office was also appointive until the year 1833. It has been filled as follows: 1702-93, Abner Dunn; 1793-94, Ezra Freeman; 1795, Israel Danville; 1796, John S. Wills; 1797, Arthur St. Clair, Jr., son of Gen. Arthur St. Clair, governor of the Northwest Territory; 1798, George W. Burnett; 1799-1807, Arthur St. Clair, Jr., same as above; 1809-10, Ethan A. Brown; 1811, Elias Glover; 1812-29, David Wade; 1831-34, Daniel Van Matre; 1836-, N. C. Read; 1841, J. T. Crapsey; 1845-46, Charles H. Brough; 1858-59, T. A. O'Connor; 1859-63, Theophilis Gaines; 1864-65, E. B. Hutcheson; 1866-,67, William H.

240 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

Kerr: 1867-69, H. W. Thompson; 1869-70, C. H. Blackburn; 1871-73, William M. Ampt; 1873-74, Robert O. Strong; 1875, Clinton W. Gerard; 1870-78, Charles W. Baker; 1879-80, Lewis 1V. Irwin, Samuel H. Drew; 1881-82, Miller Outcalt; 1883, William H. Pugh, two terms; 1889, John C. Schwartz, two terms.

Treasurers.-Under the first State constitution this officer was appointed, first by the associate judges of the court of common pleas, and afterward y the county commissioners. After 1827 he was elected biennially. The records show the following service: 1795-97, Stephen Wood; 1798-1800, Jacob Burnet; 1807, James Ewing: 1809, John H. Armstrong: 1810-14, Joshua L. Wilson; 1815-19, David Wade; 1825-31, Richard Fosdick: 1834-30. George P. Torrence, 1840-41, Samuel Martin: 1845-46, George W. Holmes; 1849-50, Henry Debolt; 1857-58, R. Hazlewood; 1859-60, George Fries: 1861 -62, E. D, Cruikshank; 1863-64, Oliver H. Geffroy: 1865-67. O. W. Nixon: 1867. A. C. Parry; 1867-68, Miles Greenwood; 1809--70, John Sebastian; 1871-72, Frederick J. Mayer; 1873-74, John Gerke; 1875-76, Ross H. Fenton; 1877-78, James S. Wise; 1879-80, John G. Fratz; 1881-82, L. A. Staley; 1883-84, C. A. Miller; 1885-86, F. Ratteman; 1887-88, reelected; 1889-90, J. Zumstein; 1891-92, R. B. Brooks; 1892-93, Leo Schott; reelected November 7, 1893.

Comity Commissioners.-1796-97, William McMillan, Robert Whelan; 1796-99, Robert Bonham; 1797-1800, Joseph Prince; 1798-1801, David E. Wade; 1799-1802, Ichabod B. Miller; 1800-5, William Ruffin; 1801, John Baily; 1802-5, William Ludlow; 1803, John R. Gaston; 1804-7, Zebulon Foster; 1805-8, John Matsen; 1805-12, Jacob Felter; 1800-11, John Riddle; 1811-18, Ezekiel Hall; 1811-19, Clayton Webb; 1812-18, John Elliott; 1818-20, Adam Moore; 1818-25, Israel Jacobson; 1819-25, Richard Fosdick; 1825, Israel Brown; 1829, William Benson, Abraham Ferris; 1829-31, William Snodgrass; 1831, William Wakefield, Samuel Borden; 1834, Garrett Vanorsdal; 1834, Oliver Jones; 1834-41, Thomas Cooper; 1836-44, E. D. Williams; 1838-39, William B. Dodson; 1840-44, Pressly Kemper; 1840, B. F. Looker; 1841-44, Jonathan Larrison; 1846, Henry Debolt, Garrett Vanorsdal and E. D. Williams; 1850, Levi Buckingham and R. K. Cox; 1850--52, John Patton; 1852, John Black and Jesse Timans; 1858, John H. Gerard; 1858-59, John McMakin; 1860--65, John N. Ridgeway; 1859-61, Michael Gaepper; 1861-63, Leonard Swartz; 1862--64, Frederick J. Mayer; 1864, W. L. Converse; 1865-67, Casper Geist; 1865-66, J. W. Fitzgerald; 1866-68, Amzi McGill; 1867-69, John Ferris; 1868-70, C. V. Bechman; 1869-71, Robert Sims; 1870-72, William Holmes; 1871-73, John Martin; 1872-75, Joseph E. Sater; 1873-75, Charles Huff; 1874-76, Jacob Baumgardner; 1870--77, Adam Hopper; 1877-78, Joseph AT. Reardon; 187879, B. F. Hopkins; 1880-81, Martin Harrell; 1881-82, W. H. Hill; 1882-83, Bancy Kuhl; 1883-84. George Wabnitz; 1884-85, John Zumstein; 1885-86, Herman Gosling; 1886-87, William Anthony; 1887-88, L. A. Staley; 1888-89, Herman Gosling; 1889-90, Henry Brehm ; 1890-91, Fred. Bader; 1891-92, Henry Korb; 1893-94, John Breen.

Coroners.-1792, Robert Bunten; 1794-99, George Gordon; 1800, William Austin; 1801-2, William C. Schenck; 1803-4, Joseph Carpenter; 1805--6, Henry Ewing; 1807-10, William Woodward; 1811-19, William Butler; 1820-21, Lot Cooper; 1823-25, David Jackson; 1840, Lewis Day; 1841-45, Charles Hales; 1849-50, Henry Lowry; 1854, Henry Noble; 1855-56, S. G. Menzies; 1857-58, Henry Noble; 1859-60, M. T. Carey; 1861-62, F. L. Emmert; 1863-64, George A. Doherty; 1865-66, M. T. Carey; 1867-68, F. L. Emmert; 1869-70, Charles Betscher; 1871-72, J. W. Underhill; 1873-76, P. F. Maley; 1877-78, Ferdinand Stich; 1879-80, Anthony L. Carrick; 1881-82, John H. Rendigs; 1883-84, C. S. Muscroft; 188586, A. L. Carrick; 1887-88, John H. Rendigs; 1889-90, re-elected; 1891-92, Theodore Bange; 1893-94, L. A. Querner.

HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY. - 247

TERRITORIAL AND STATE LAWMAKERS.

Legislative Council.-Mr. Taylor, in his excellent work entitled the "Ohio Statesman and Hundred Year Book," published officially by the State in 1892, informs us that the Legislative Council (Senate) and Territorial Legislatures of 1799--1801, and 1801-1803, were as follows; the members of the Council being selected y Congress for the term of five years, and the representatives being elected by the people for the term of two years. The following gentlemen represented Hamilton county in the council: Jacob Burnet and James Hamilton.

House of Reptresentatives.-Hamilton county, during the Territorial period, had the following representatives: Robert Benham, Aaron Caldwell, Francis Dunlavy, William Goforth, John Ludlow, Isaac Martin, Moses Miller, Jeremiah Morrow, William McMillan, Daniel Reeder, John Smith and Jacob White.

Ohio was admitted as a State in 1802. In 1803 the following represented Hamilton county in the Senate, the term having been fixed by the Constitution of 1802 at one year: Francis Dunlavy, Jeremiah Morrow, John Paul, Daniel Symmes.

House.-Thomas Brown, John Bigger, James Dunn, James William, Robert McClure, William Maxwell, Thomas McFarlan.

Senate, 1803-4.-John Bigger, W. C. Schenck, Daniel Symmes, William Ward. House.-Samuel Dick, William Dodds, Abner Garard, Ephraim Libby, Ichabod Miller, John Wallace, Stephen Wood, William McClure.

Senate, 1804-5.-Cornelius Snyder, Daniel Symmes. House.--Stephen Wood, Hezekiah Price, Judah Willey.

Senate, 1805-6.-Cornelius Snyder, Stephen Wood. House. -John Jones, Hezekiah Price, Adrian Hagerman.

Senate, 1800-7.-William McFarland, Stephen Wood. House.-Ethan Stone, John Jones, Hezekiah Price.

Senate, 1807-8.-Stephen Wood, Hezekiah Price, John Taggart. House.-Othniel Looker, Zebulon Foster, John Jones.

Senate. 1808-9.-Stephen Wood, Hezekiah Price. House.-Othneil Looker, William Perry, James Clark.

Senate, 1809-10.-Hezekiah Price, Stephen Wood. House.-Othneil Looker, James Clark, William Ludlow.

Senate, 1810-11.---Othneil Looker, Stephen Wood, Aaron Goforth. House. - John Jones, Peter Bell, Samuel McHenry.

Senate. 1811-12. -Aaron Goforth, Elnathan Stone, Othneil Looker. House.Peter Bell, John Jones, Ogden Ross.

Senate. 1812-13.-John Jones, Francis McCormick. Horse.-Peter Bell, Ogden Ross, William Cory.

Senate, 1813-14.-John Jones, Othneil Looker. House. --Zebulon Foster, Peter Bell, Ephraim Brown.

Senate, 1814-15.-Othneil Looker, John Jones. House. -Jacob Burnet, Ephraim Brown, Peter Bell.

Senate, 1815-16. --John Jones, Othneil Looker. House.-Jacob Burnet, Peter Bell, Ephraim Brown.

Senate, 1810-17. -Othneil Looker, Ephraim Brown. House.---Arthur Henry, Daniel Hosbrook, Benjamin M. Piatt.

Senate, 1817-18. Ephraim Brown, George P. Torrence. House.-Andrew Mack, Peter Bell, Samuel McHenry.

Senate, 1818--19.-George P. Torrence, Ephraim Brown. House.-Andrew Mack, Peter Bell, Samuel McHenry.

Senate, 1819-20. -Ephraim Brown, William Henry Harrison. House.-Peter Bell, William Cory, Samuel McHenry.

248 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

Senate,, 1820-21. --Ephraim Brown, William Henry Harrison. House.-Zaccheus Biggs, Clayton Webb, Micajah T. Williams.

Senate, 1821-22.-Ephraim Brown, Benjamin M. Piatt. House.-Clayton Webb, Micajah T. Williams, John C. Short, Samuel R. Miller.

Senate, 1822-23.-Ephraim Brown, Benjamin M. Piatt. House.--Benjamin Ayres, William Disney, Samuel Reese, Micajah T. Williams.

Senate, 1823-24. Ephraim Brown, Benjamin M. Piatt. House.-Samuel Reese, William Disney, Daniel Hosbrook, Micajah T. Williams.

Senate, 1824-25.-Clayton Webb, Benjamin M. Piatt, Nathan Guilford. House.Micajah T. Williams, William Cory, Samuel McHenry.

Senate, 1825-26.-Clayton Webb, Nathaniel G. Pendleton. House.-Elijah Hayward', Charles G, Swain, Samuel McHenry.

Senate, 1826-27.--Nathaniel G. Pendleton, Stephen Wood. House.-Elijah Hayward, Charles G. Swain, William Cory.

Senate, 1827-28.--Stephen Wood, Andrew Mack. house.-Elijah Hayward, Peter Bell, John C. Short.

Senate, 1828-29.-Andrew Mack, Jonathan Cilley. House.-Elijah Hayward, Robert T. Lytle, Alexander Duncan.

Senate, 1829--30.-Jonathan Cilley, Ethan Allen Brown. House.-Elijah Hayward, Robert T. Lytle, Alexander Duncan.

Senate, 1830-31.-Samuel R. Miller, Jonathan Cilley. House.-Daniel Stone, Samuel Reese, Leonard Armstrong.

Senate, 1831-32.---Jonathan Cilley, Samuel R. Miller. House.-Alexander Duncan, David T. Disney, Daniel H. Hawes, John Burgoyne.

Senate, 1832-33.-Samuel R. Miller, Alexander Duncan. House.-David T. Disney, Samuel Bond, Israel Brown, Adam N. Riddle.

Senate, 1833-34.-Alexander Duncan, David T. Disney. House.----Adam N. Riddle, Samuel Bond, William C. Anderson, John Burgoyne.

Senate, 1834-35.-David T. Disney, Henry Morse. House. -William C. Anderson, Samuel Bond, John C. Short, Elisha Hotchkiss.

Senate, 1835-36---Henry Morse, William Price. House.-William Conclin, James J. Faran, Andrew Porter, Daniel Hosbrook.

Senate, 1830--37.-John H. Gerard, William Price. House.-Israel Brown, George W. Holmes, James Armstrong.

Senate, 1837-38.-John H. Gerard, William Oliver. House.-A. F. Carpenter, James Given, James J. Faran.

Senate, 1838-39.-William Oliver, George W. Holmes. House.-Israel Brown, James J. Faran.

Senate, 1839-40.-George W. Holmes, James J. Faran. House.-Robert Moore, Thomas J. Henderson.

Senate, 1840-41.-James J. Faran, George W. Holmes. House.-A. F. Carpenter, John M. Corcoran, John Reeves.

Senate, 1841-42.-George W. Holmes, James J. Faran. House.-Robert Moore, William S. Hatch, James E. Ewing, Oliver Jones.

Senate, 1842-43.-James J. Faran, Oliver Jones. House.-Israel Brown, Archibald Gordon, William Wakefield.

Senate, 1843-44.-Oliver Jones, David T. Disney. House.-James H. Ewing, William Wakefield. John Snyder.

Senate, 1844-45.-David T. Disney, Oliver Jones. House.-Israel Brown, Charles Reemelin, James H. Ewing, Jacob Flinn.

Senate, 1845-46.--Oliver Jones, James H. Ewing. House. -John McMaken, Charles Reemelin, Thomas J. Gallagher, Jacob Flinn.

Senate, 1846-47.---James H. Ewing, Charles Reemelin. House.--William S. Smith, William F. Converse, John McMaken, John B. Warren.

HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY. - 249

Senate, 1817-18.-Charles Reemelin, James H. Ewing. House.-Edward L. Armstrong, William F. Converse, William S. Smith, John B. Warren.

Senate, 1848-49.-James H. Ewing, John H. Dobbs. House.-George E. Pugh, Alexander N. Pierce, Henry Roedter, Alexander Long, Edward L. Armstrong.

Senate, 1849-50.-John H. Dobbs, William F. Johnson, Lewis Broadwell. House. -Alexander Long, John Bennett, Henry Roedter.

Senate, 1850-51,---Lewis Broadwell, William S. Hatch. house.-Peter Linn, James Iliff, John Bennett, John Schiff, Andrew Davidson.

UNDER THE CONSTITUTION OF 1851.

By the Constitution of 1851 the State was divided into thirty-three Senatorial Districts, and Hamilton county was constituted the First. The entire membership was chosen biennially. The county of Hamilton was entitled to seven representatives, and four additional, one in the first, one in the second, one in the third, and one in the fourth session of the decennial period. The first election was held on the second Tuesday of October, 1851, The Convention to frame the new Constitution was held at Cincinnati, and it concluded its labors on the 10th of, March, 1851. Under this Constitution the representation of Hamilton county in the Legislature was as follows:

Senate, 1852-54.-E. L. Armstrong, A. N. Riddle, John L. Vattier. House.William H. Lytle, Benjamin T. Dale, James Struble, Henry Buckman, Thomas F. Eckart, John B. Staetler, Andrew Davidson, Richard H. Stone, Oliver Brown.

Senate, 1854-56.-George H. Pendleton, John Schiff, William F. Converse. House.-Henry B. Brown, Joseph E. Egley, Nelson Cross, John B. Krauth, E. Bassett, Langdon, John N. Ridgway, George Robinson, Thomas Wright.

Senate. .1856-58.-Stanley Matthews, William F. Converse, George W. Holmes. House.-Joseph E. Egley, E. Bassett Langdon, William M. Corry, James P. Holmes, George C. Robinson, Charles Thomas, Ebenezer T. Turpin, John P. Slough, Robert Hosea.

Senate, 1858-60.-William S. Hatch, E. Bassett Langdon, Charles Thomas. House.-George C. Robinson, Patrick Rodgers, Hunter Brook, Aaron C. Bagley, Isaac C. Collins, Joseph J. Dobmeyer, James Saffin, Joseph F. Wright.

Senate, 1860-62.-Thomas M. Key, E. A. Ferguson, George W. Holmes. House.-William J. Flagg, John Schiff, Joseph Jonas, Patrick Rodgers, Joseph F. Wright, William Jones, William Jessup.

Senate, 1862-64.-Benjamin Eggleston, Thomas H. Whetstone, William S. Groesbeck. House.-Peter Linn, George Keck, William Stanton, Milton Sayler, William J. Flagg, James Huston, Amzi McGill, Henry Brachman, Theodore Marsh.

Senate, 1864-66.-Benjamin Eggleston, Joshua H. Bates, Thomas H. Weasner, Thomas H. Whetstone. House.-William Stanton. George Keck, N. P. Nixon, Henry Brachman, Amzi McGill, James Huston, J. M. Cochran, S. L. Hayden, John K. Green, Josiah Kirby.

Senate, 1866-68.-Warner M. Bateman, S. L. Hayden, G. B. Hollister. House.-Henry Kessler, William Stanton, W. P. Nixon, John M. Cochran, Gustav Tafel, M. P. Caddis, G. AT. Bunce, F. H. Oberkline, Thomas L. Young, George B. Wright, Charles E. Cist.

Senate, 1868-70.-Thomas R. Biggs, Henry Kessler, John F. Torrence. house.-Henry C. Borden, Robert S. Coleman, George Crist, Henry G. Kennet, Fred. W. Moore, William H. Scott, George W. Skaats, Jacob Wolf, Henry Warnkin.

Senate, 1870-72.-Thomas H. Yeatman, Michael Gaepper, Samuel F. Hunt, Nathaniel Lord. Jr. House.-Henry M. Bates, Thomas A. Corcoran, A. J. Cunningham, Ozro J. Dodds, Thomas J. Haldeman, James H. Hambleton, George H. Hill, John K. Love, Augustus Ward, Ernst F. Kleinschmidt.

250 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

Senate, 1872-74.-John Schiff, Joseph F. Wright, Thomas L. Young. House.-John M. Brunswick, John M. Cochran, Thomas A. Corcoran, Robert Creighton, H. F. Brashears, John T. Fallis, Thomas J. Haldeman, John A. Shank, Robert O. Strong, M. W. Oliver. Charles P. Taft, John M. Wilson.

Senate, 1874-76.-William Pitt Wallace, Vachel Worthington, Stephen H. Burton. .House.--Chapman C. Archer, George AV. Boyce, John J. Geghan, James S. Gordon, Paul A. J. Huston, Edwin W. Miller, Elbert P. Newell, John M. Pattison, Thomas E. Sater, James L. Haven.

Senate, 1876-78.-J. H. Bates, H. Kessler; E. F. Kleinschmidt. House.-S. W. Bard, L. Burkhardt, G. Dirr, H. P. Goebel, J. E. Naylor, G. W. Skaats, P. F. Stryker R. M. White, W. P. Wiltsee, J. Zumstein.

Senate, 1878-80. --J. M. Armstrong, William T. Forrest, Henry C. Lord. Theodore Marsh. House.- L. S. Brown, Milo G. Dodds, William Jessup, Fred. Klimper, B. F. Lovelace, William Loder, Josef G. Sextro, John Sullivan, Irwin B. Wright.

Senate, 1880-82.- Benjamin Eggleston, Charles Fleischman, Josiah Kirby. House.--L. M. Dayton, Peter F. Stryker, Charles C. Davis, D. Gano Ray, F. Krishna. William H. Hill. Joseph E. Hart, George W. Williams, Louis Voight.

Senate, 1882-84.-Lewis Ballauf, Julius Dexter, Walker M. Yeatman. House,Harry L. Cooper, Arthur F. Devereux, William W. Highlands, Dwight W. Huntington, Francis B. Kearney, William Poet, Chester M. Poor, Charles B. Russell, Edmund B. Warren, Lewis Weitzel.

Senate, 1884-86.-William Caldwell, William L. O'Brien, Andrew J. Pruden. House.-J. E. Bruce, Thomas J. Cogan, John Cosgrave, J. B. Cummins, J. B. Menke, William Peet, John B. Stanbach, J. R. Thompson, Daniel Wolf, Peter F. Stryker.

Senate, 1886-88.-John Brashears, James C. Richardson, James C. Hopple, Frank Kirchner, Robert Kuehnert, Amzi McGill, Moses F. Wilson, G. W. Hardacre. House.-A. P. Butterfield, William Bohnert, Calvin H. Crane, Frank A. Grever, Charles A. Howe, Fred. A. Johnson, James Moloney, Edwin W. Murphy, Stephen P. Sands, Charles A, Zimmerman, Frederick Bader, James F. Bailey, Henry Brockman, John Eggers, Thomas W. Graydon, Robert Harlan, Walter Hartpence, Theodore F. Nieman. Oliver Outcalt, Byron S. Wydman.

Senate, 1888-90.-Harmon W. Brown, Henry Mack, James C. Richardson, Henry Stueve, House.-Charles Bird, Charles L. Doran, Byron S. Wydman, Walter Hartpence, John C. Hart, William Copeland, Oliver Outcalt, Frederick Pfiester, Frederick Klensch.

Senate, 1890-92.-James Brown, M. T. Corcoran, George A. Schneider. House.--Frederick A. Lamping, Guy W. Mallon, William M. Day. Henry J. Schulte, James Nolan, Phillip Dewald, John J. Rooney, Charles Jeffre, John J. O' Dowd.

Senate, 1892-93.-Edward N. Clingman, George B. Fox, John R. Von Seggern. House.-Byron S. Wydman, T. J. McGranahan, William H. Dicks, Fred. Tischbein, James A. Graft, John W. Strehli, William Ford, George H. Jackson, Alfred Forte, Robert W. Lillard.

Senate, 1893-94. Samuel W. Ramp, Frank Kirschner, Herman H. Rothert, House.-S. B. Hill , R. L. Cannon, George Kreis, Eugene Lewis, E. H. Strong,. William Ruchwein, Amos Dye, W. C. Rogers, A. E. Stewart, C. D. Bevis.

NOTES AND INCIDENTS.

During the foregoing legislative period of one hundred years, many incidents relating to senators and representatives from Hamilton county occurred, which, thanks to the industry of Mr. Taylor, have been culled from the voluminous records. We note some of the most important as follows:

In the Forty-eighth General Assembly (1849--50), Lewis Broadwell successfully contested the seat of Senator William F. Johnson. In the Sixty-seventh General

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Assembly (1886-88), William Bohnert, A. P. Butterfield, Calvin H. Crane, Frank A. Grover, Charles A. Howe, Fred. A. Johnson, James Maloney, Edwin W. Murphy, Stephen P. Sands and Charles A. Zimmerman were succeeded (by contest) by Frederick Bader, James F. Bailey, Henry Brockman, John Eggers, Thomas W. Graydon, Robert Harlan, Walter Hartpence, Theodore F. Neiman, Oliver Outcalt, and Byron S. Wydman as representatives.

In the Tenth General Assembly (1811-12), Senator Aaron Goforth, who died during his term of office, was succeeded by Elnathan Stone. During the sessions of 1852-54 Representative James Struble died, and was succeeded by Henry Buckman; and in 1864-66, George Beck deceased, and was succeeded by N. P. Nixon. In the House of the Fifty-second General Assembly (1856-58), John P. Slough was expelled for striking Darius Caldwell, of Ashtabula, while on the floor of the House, and was succeeded by Robert Hosea, who was elected at the polls over Slough by one vote.

Ephraim Brown served eight terms in the Senate, and three in the House. The following senators resigned during the terms of their office. and were succeeded by the persons named: In the Sixth General Assembly (1807-8), Senator John Taggart, succeeded by Hezekiah Price. In the Ninth (1810-11), Senator Stephen Wood, succeeded by Aaron Goforth. In the Twenty-third (1824-25), Senator Benjamin M. Piatt, succeeded by Nathan Guilford. In the Fifty-seventh (1866-68), Representative Maxwell P. Gaddis, succeeded by G. M. Bunce; same Assembly, George B. Wright, succeeded by Charles E. Cist; in the Sixtieth (1872-74), Representative Robert Creighton, succeeded by H. F. Brashears, and same Assembly, Robert O. Strong, by M. W. Oliver.

During 1803-5 Daniel Symmes was speaker of the Senate. He resigned as speaker in 1805, and was succeeded by James Pritchard, of Jefferson. Othniel Looker was speaker in 1813-14, and when President Madison appointed Governor Return J. Meigs postmaster-general, in 1813, he served as acting governor until the close of the term; Samuel R. Miller in 1830-31, and in 1832-33, and David T. Disney in 1833-34; James J. Faran 1841-43. Under the constitution of 1851 Thomas L. Young was president of the Senate, 1876---77, by virtue of his office as lieutenant-governor. When Governor Hayes succeeded to the Presidency, he (Young) became acting governor and filled out the term. H. AV'. Curtis succeeded him as president of the Senate pro tent. ; Andrew Hickenlooper, 1880-82. Hamilton county does not, appear to have had a speaker of the House until the sessions of 1824-25, when Micajah Williams was invested with that honor. In 1832-33 David T. Disney was speaker; in 1838-39, James J. Faran, and in 1870-72, A. J. Cunningham.

TERRITORIAL DELEGATES IN CONGRESS.

Hamilton county, before Ohio was admitted as a State, had two Territorial delegates in the Fifth Congress, viz.: William Henry Harrison and William McMillan. The election of a delegate to Congress resulted in the choice of William Henry Harrison, by a vote of eleven to ten cast for Arthur St. Clair, Jr., a son of the governor. Before his term expired Gen. Harrison resigned to become governor of Indiana Territory, and Mr. McMillan succeeded him.

UNITED STATES SENATORS.

Hamilton county has been represented in the Senate by a number of her most distinguished citizens. We note the following: John Smith, 1803-9. He resigned near the close of his term of office, under charges of alleged complicity in the Burr Blennerhasset conspiracy to erect a Southwestern Confederacy. His resignation prevented an investigation by the United States into the charges, which had already been set on foot, and his impeachment foreshadowed. Very little is known of the

252 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

early history of Senator Smith. He was horn in one of the eastern States in 1735, and died in Hamilton county, June 10, 1816, He had few early advantages, but by persistent effort acquired a respectable education, and, possessing much natural ability, was one of the most conspicuous of the early politicians in Ohio. He was also a popular Baptist preacher, and in 1790 organized, at Columbia, the first church of that denomination in the State. He was a member of the first Territorial Legislature, in 1798, and in 1803 to 1808 was U. S. Senator from Ohio, having been chosen as a Jeffersonian Democrat. During the early part of his service he enjoyed the close friendship of President Jefferson, who, in 1804, sent him on a confidential mission to Louisiana and Florida to discover the attitude toward the United States of the Spanish officers who were stationed in these States, that be might learn how far their friendship was to be depended on in the event of a war between this country and France. Smith's intimacy with Jefferson was interrupted by the charge of his implication in the Aaron Burr treason. Smith and Burr were personal friends, and appearances were so much against him that a motion was made in the U. S. Senate to expel him, but it failed by one vote. Smith denied all connection with the affair, and was believed to be innocent by his constituents.

Concerning this strange case the following interesting letter, in the handwriting of Senator Smith, was recently found in Cincinnati, by Col. William J. Patterson, when some old buildings were being torn down. It is as follows:

BERRYVILLE, FREDERICK Co., Va., January 25, 1808.

Gents-I am now on my way to the Western country to collect testimony for my defense before the Senate of the United States, and to return with it if possible by the first of March next. Not having a compulsory process, I cannot have a witness subpoenaed, and, therefore, I have to rely on the voluntary affidavits of you and others to prove the facts which I deem material to my exculpation. Should General Carbery go to Washington City, I will thank him to call on Francis F, Key, Esq., my counsel at Georgetown, D. C., who will state the points which I expect to prove by that gentleman, and if he should not go thither, I would be glad to have a letter from him at Cincinnati, immediately after the receipt of this, stating all that he can recollect affecting Colonel Taylor's deposition, in which I am charged with having asserted to him (General Findlay) that a separation of the Western country from the East would shortly take place, together with everything he can remember that will go to support the inclosed deposition, and whether he does or not, I shall be glad to have a letter from him and Major Riggs also, at Cincinnati, on the subject; but they must soon be written, or I shall not receive them. I want you and Major Riggs to state that in the month of January last, you saw me in the County of Ross, in the State of Ohio, on my way to Washington City, and that I showed you a copy of my letter to Burr of the 23d of October, 1806, which I sent by Blennerhasset's servant to him, and that I showed you Burr's answer of the 20th of the same month, and that you believe the same copy I showed You the last of November or the beginning of December, 1807, under date of 23d of October, 1806, and which you understood was afterwards laid before the Committee of the Senate appointed to inquire into the conduct of John Smith, was the same which he (Smith) showed to you on his way to Washington last January 7th. State those things in the form of an affidavit as precise as your recollection will permit, and send it by General Carbery to Francis F. Key, Esq., my counsel at Georgetown, or should he not go, enclose it to some member of Congress with a request to give it to him. I have been stopped by high water, but expect to leave this to-day. I want General Carbery to write immediately to the Secretary of the Navy the progress made by Mr, Thomas Reagan in building the gunboats near Cincinnati, where he saw them early in November last and that they are progressing with them, as well as how he approved of their timbers and the work as far as it is done. My last account from them is very favorable, as the weather has been good. The work was going on very well. The reason I make this request is that Mr. Reagan can not get one dollar until General Carbery makes his report of them to the Navy Department. I wish you, General, would not fail to write rile about them, as Mr. Reagan has engaged $2,000 to be immediately paid, and the balance is to be paid to Major Riggs. The Secretary paid me last spring $2,000 in advance for Mr. Reagan, and I had it charged to me, and as that sum precisely closes my account, he is unwilling to advance anything to Mr. Reagan or now consider that the $2,000 is to be applied otherwise than as it stands charged applied in balancing my account. My having advanced to Mr. Reagan induced him to authorize me to apply for money on his account-but the Secretary must see you or hear a favorable report before he will pay a cent. You may guess the cause of this scrupulosity. God bless us with better times.

JOHN SMITH.

General Carbery.

J. Major Biggs.

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P. S.-I will thank you to have advanced $2,000 for Mr. Reagan as soon as possible, and have sent to the Treasury of the United States at Philadelphia one of them to keep up my note to the Miami Exporting Company, payable the 4th of March next, otherwise it will be protested--and I want all the money to come through your hands and paid to my friend Major Biggs except the first $2,000. J. SMITH. General Carbery.

His resignation must have taken place soon after the above letter was written; possibly his failure to secure the evidence he was seeking was the reason for the sudden abandonment of his defense and retirement from public life.

The following succeeded Senator Smith from Hamilton county: Ethan Allen Brown, 1822-25: William Henry Harrison, 1825-28; Salmon P. Chase, 1849-55, 1861 ; George E. Pugh, 1855-61; Stanley Matthews, 1877-79; George H. Pendleton, 1879-85-eight in all, or nearly one-third of the entire number from the State. Senator Trimble died in 1822, and Ethan Allen Brown was appointed by the governor to fill the vacancy caused by his death, and the Legislature subsequently elected him to fill the remainder of the term of six years to which Trimble had been elected. Gen. Harrison resigned in 1828, to accept the office of minister to Colombia, and was succeeded by Jacob Burnet. Senator Chase resigned in 1861 to become Secretary of the Treasury under President Lincoln.

REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS.

Statistician W. A. Taylor, of Columbus, says that during the ninety years-the time Ohio has been a State-Hamilton county has sent thirty-two different men to Congress. The first congressman, Morrow, came from Hamilton, but subsequently be was legislated into a new county, Warren. Up to the year 1821 Hamilton was districted with other counties, and the only citizen of the county that represented it in Congress between 1813 and 1823, was William Henry Harrison. Between 1823 and 1853 Hamilton county constituted the First District of the State. Since the latter date it has composed the First and Second Districts.

The list of representatives in Congress from Hamilton county, with the number of terms and length of service, is as follows: Jeremiah Morrow, five terms, 18031813; William Henry Harrison, one term and fraction, 1816-19; James W. Gazley, one term, 1823-25; James Findlay, four terms, 1825-33; Robert T. Lytle, one term, 1833-35; Bellamy Storer, one term, 1835-37; Alexander Duncan, two terms, 1837-41, 1843-45; Nathaniel G. Pendleton, one term, 1841-43; James J. Faran, two terms, 1845-49; David T. Disney, three terms, 1851-57; John Scott Harrison, two terms, 1853-57; Timothy C. Day, one term, 1855-57; George H. Pendleton, four terms, 1857-65; William S. Groesbeck, one term. 1857-59; John A. Gurley, two terms, 1850-63; Alexander Long, one term, 1863-65; Benjamin Eggleston, two terms, 1865-69; Rutherford B. Haves, one term and fraction, 1865-68; Samuel F. Carey, part of term, 1868-69; Peter W. Strader, one term, 1869-71; Job E. Stevenson, two terms. 1869-73; Aaron F. Perry, part of term, 1872-73; Milton Sayler, three terms, 1873-79; Henry B. Banning, three terms, 1873-79; Benjamin Butterworth, four terms. 1879-83, 1885-80; Thomas L. Young, two terms, 1879-83; John Follett, one term, 1883-85; Isaac M. Jordan, one term, 1883-85; Charles Brown, two terms, 1885-89; John A. Caldwell, three terms, 1889-95; Bellamy Storer, two terms, 1891-- 95.

Changed while in office. -The fractions of terms came about in this way: John McLean, of Warren county, resigned his seat in Congress in 1816 to accept the office of Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, and William H. Harrison was elected to succeed to the vacancy.

In 1867, shortly after the beginning of his second term in Congress, Rutherford B. Hayes resigned to become governor and Gen. Samuel F. Carey was elected to the vacancy, which was practically the full term.

254 - HISTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.

In 1872 Aaron F. Perry resigned his seat in Congress, and Ozro J. Dodds was chosen to succeed him.

In October 16, 1834, Robert T. Lytle, to demonstrate that he had been unjustly criticised by some of his constituents, resigned his seat and stood for re-election, which he secured on the 8th of the ensuing November.

Joshua R. Giddings, of Ashtabula county, sought a similar successful vindication on April 26, 1842, Daniel Kilgore, of Jefferson county, taking offense at an imputation supposed to have been put on him by Edwin M. Stanton, resigned in 1838, but his constituents failed to vindicate him by a re-election. Aside from these three gentlemen, no other Congressmen from Ohio ever resigned in search of a vindication.

Hamilton county can maintain a claim superior to any other county in any State since the foundation of the government. Two men whom it sent to the Lower House of Congress subsequently occupied the Executive chair in the White House-William H. Harrison and Rutherford B. Hayes.

Morrow, the first Congressman for Hamilton county, was United States senator and Governor of the State, and after filling these positions not only Went back to Congress, but into the Ohio Legislature.

William Dennison, the nineteenth governor of Ohio, was born in Cincinnati in 1815.

James J. Faran was mayor of Cincinnati, and made a national reputation as a journalist. George H. Pendleton became United States senator and minister to Germany. Milton Sayler was speaker of the House during a portion of the Forty-fourth Congress.

STATE AND NATIONAL CONVENTIONS.

Cincinnati has been selected as the place for holding several State and National political conventions. In June, 1856, James Buchanan was nominated for President, and John C. Breckinridge for Vice-President, by the Democratic National Convention, which assembled in Smith & Nixon's Hall. Early in May, 1872, the National Liberal Convention assembled at Exposition Hall, and on the 3d nominated Horace Greeley for President, and B. Gratz Brown for Vice-President. On the 14th of June, 1876 the National Republican Convention met here and nominated Rutherford B. Hayes, a former Cincinnatian, for President, and William A. Wheeler, of New York, for Vice-President. The last National Convention to assemble here was the Democratic, which nominated Gen. Hancock for President, and William H. English, of Indianapolis, for Vice-President. Among the State Conventions we note that of the Republican, which assembled in Music Hall, June 12, 1878; and the last was the Democratic, which met August 9, 1893, and nominated Lawrence T. Neal for governor.