BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 425 good on all those with whom he came in contact. Though now ninety-one years old, he works every day, is in full possession of all his faculties, enjoys excellent health and looks after his own affairs. He married Eliza B. Russell, born in Buckingham county, Virginia, November 23, 1813, and up to the time of her death in 1894 she was to him a most devoted wife and excellent counsellor. Her father, William Russell, was an officer in the revolutionary army and an extensive owner of land and slaves in Virginia. Like her husband Mrs. Oldaker was of deeply religious disposition and joined the Methodist Episcopal church in 1832. Of their ten children eight are living, among the number being James S. Oldaker, who was born in Union township, Highland county, Ohio, February 1, 1857. He was the youngest of the family, reared on the paternal homestead, educated in the schools of Russell and when he reached manhood embarked in farming on his own account. At present he owns a place of 153 acres three miles from Lynchburg which he cultivates by modern methods and pays a good deal of attention to breeding the Shorthorn Durham cattle. For the last nine years he has held the office of justice of the peace and gives entire satisfaction as a settler of litigated cases and other judicial business. He takes considerable interest in fraternities and holds membership in the Lynchburg lodges of the Masons and Odd Fellows, the Camp of Modern Woodmen of America and Russell lodge, No. 706, Knights of Pythias. In 1885, he was married to Laura Josephine Britton, one of the most substantial of Highland county families. Her grandfather, Jonah Britton, came with his wife and six children from Frederick county, Virginia, in 1832, and four years later bought a farm in Union township, where he died in 1865. His son Jonah, who married Annie Kibler and settled a short distance north of Willettsville, was the father of Mrs. Oldaker and one of the most popular citizens of the township. The household of Mr. and Mrs. Oldaker includes two adopted children, to whom they have given the names of Eddie and Jennie Oldaker. The family's religious affiliations are with the Methodist Episcopal church at Russell.   George E. Orebaugh, M. D., a popular young physician at New Petersburg, is regarded as one of the rising professional men of the county. With the exception of the absence made necessary in the acquirement of his professional education he has spent his whole life within the limits of Highland county. His place of nativity is Dodson township and his birth occurred in the vicinity of Lynchburg, Ohio, July 25, 1871. He attended the public schools of the village and in addition took a special course in Latin under Professor Williams. In early manhood he was engaged, in association with his brother, in conducting a printing establishment at Lynchburg. When twenty-four years of age he entered the office of Dr. Theo-   426 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   dore F. Scott, at Lynchburg, where he spent three and a half years in preparatory medical studies and learning practical details connected with the professional work. After this preliminary, he matriculated at Starling Medical college, in Columbus, where he spent the session of 1895-6 in attendance upon lectures. This was followed by entrance as a student at the famous College of -Medicine and Surgery, at Cincinnati, where he was graduated with the degree of doctor of medicine in the class of April, 1898. During his residence in Cincinnati, both before and after graduation, Dr. Orebaugh did considerable work at different hospitals as interne, which proved valuable as a practical addition to his college course. In the spring of 1898, he settled at New Petersburg, where he has since been actively engaged in the practice of his profession and has met with flattering success. He is a member of the State Medical association, Knights of Pythias lodge, No. 337, at Lynchburg, and the Modern Woodmen of the World. June 24, 1897, he was married to Hattie N. West, of Clinton county, and they have one child, Rebekah M! The family are communicants of the Methodist Episcopal church   Morgan B. Park, one of the representative farmers of Paint township, is a good example of what may be accomplished by a man under adverse circumstances if possessed of the necessary pluck and ener When he arrived in Highland county over fifty-six years ago he h only three cents in his pocket which was expended in sending a. letter to his Virginia home. He had neither friends nor acquaintances and was compelled for years to work as a day laborer on farms at meager wages to get the ordinary means of subsistence. A glance now at his hundreds of acres of well cultivated and highly 'improved land and other evidences of prosperity will disclose a contrast with his "first settlement" that is highly creditable to Mr. Park's lifelong industry and excellent management. His parents were Samuel. and Elizabeth (McKee) Park who lived in Hampshire county, West Virginia, and there reared a family of eight children, of whom Joseph, Lemuel, Jonathan, William H. and Alice have passed away. Elizabeth C. is the wife of William George, who lives in Indiana, and Mary, who married Thomas Lockard, is a resident of Newcomerstown, Ohio. Morgan B. Park, third of the children in age, was born in Hampshire county, W. Va., near Capon Bridge, December 28, 1835. His first work as a boy, in the days before railroads in his part of the country, was as assistant in driving cattle over the West Virginia mountains to the various markets, often at great distances. In 1855, realizing that there was little opportunity for advancement in his native hills, he set out on a tour of observation in the West. and eventually found himself in the limits of Highland county, Ohio. He spent one summer in farm work, cultivated a   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 427   rented place for a while and later came to Paint township where he secured employment by the month. After several years of daily drudgery on other people,s farms, he was married January 26, 1866, to Hannah, daughter of Jesse George, and became, a farmer on ,his own behalf. He located on. a place of 112 acres, of which he subsequently became the owner and here he carried on farming operations with success for ten years. They then removed to the farm in Paint township where he now resides but which has been greatly improved since he took possession, At one time he owned 455 acres, but his holdings have been reduced to 335 acres, over two-thirds of which is under cultivation.. His improvements, which have been numerous, embody the best results in agricultural architecture and in every way the farms of Mr. Park show that they are under, progressive and up-to-date management. He is a Prohibitionist in polities and an enemy of immorality all its forms, especially that phase of evil that results from the drink traffic and indulgence of intoxicating liquors. By his first marriage he had three children, of whom Mary E. and Lewis H. are dead, and Hannah is the wife of John Watts of Paint township, The mother of this family died on Christmas night of 1889 and April 1, 1897, Mr. Park married Annie Taylor,. by whom he has. two children, Layton B. and Leonard M. Mr. Park is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church at New Petersburg and in past years has held the offices of steward, superintendent of Sunday school, class leader and trustee.   Joseph J. Parker, a popular citizen of Lynchburg, is of French parentage and has the happy temperament and vivacious spirits so characteristic of the children of sunny France. It has been remarked that the people of no nationality are so averse to leaving their native land as the French and none suffer so much from homesickness. Hence, as a rule, they do not seek to become colonizers, but John and Mary (Bulport) parker proved to be exceptions, as they left their native country in early life and crossed, over to the United States with their parents, who settled in Brown county, Ohio, and there ended their days. When John Parker grew up he learned the cooper,s trade and has followed that occupation during the great portion of his life. In politics he is Democratic and his only fraternal connection is with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. At the present time, he lives with his wife at Lynchburg and their family consists of three sons. Joseph J. Parker, one of the latter, was born April 6, 1854, while his parents were living in Clermont county, Ohio. He was brought by his parents to Lynchburg when six years old and has resided all his life in that pretty Highland county town. After obtaining a fair English education in the high school,. Mr. Parker followed the example of his father by learning the cooper’s   428 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   trade, which engaged his attention for seventeen years after he reached the working age. In 1888 he embarked in the business of saloon-keeping, to which he has since given his time and met with a fair measure of success. He is independent in politics, votes according to his best judgment and has never asked any party for dace. He is a member of Lynchburg lodge, No. 15, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Parker was married in 1874 to Annie Halloday, of Highland county, by whom he has one daughter, named Luella, born March 25, 1878, who grew up to be quite an accomplished young lady, having graduated with credit at the Lynchburg High School and subsequently married A. L. Bobbitt, by whom she has two children, Beatrice and Vivian.   Charles R. Patterson & Sons is the name of a popular and widely known firm of carriage manufacturers at Greenfield which is one of the largest concerns of the kind in Ohio and does an interstate business. As at present constituted it was established in 1893, prior to which time the firm name was Lowe & Patterson, under which title the business had been conducted for more than twenty years.. Besides carriages, they manufacture buggies, road wagons and other wheeled vehicles, being equipped to' do any class of work that falls in their line. Aside from Cincinnati, Columbus and Springfield, this plant in the lively little city of Greenfield yields to no other in Southern Ohio as to size or amount and quality of work or extent of trade. The firm ships goods to every part of Kentucky, deals extensively in distant Texas and in fact does more or less business in a score of states. Charles. R. Patterson is not only the head of the firm but he is also the father of the sons who constitute the company. A native of Virginia, he has spent practically all of his life at Greenfield in the manufacturing business, and is a mechanic of the very first order in his line, having no superior as a smith. He is besides an excellent business man, sound in judgment and full of enterprise and push. The two sons of this popular establishment were Frederick D. and S. C. Patterson (deceased), both born and bred in Greenfield and, so far as the literary part of their education goes,. products of its fine common school system. Frederick D. Patterson, the elder brother, after graduating in the high school of his. native city, took a course at the Ohio State university. The next five years he occupied the chair as professor of history in the Louisville Central high school, but eventually concluded to abandon the business of teaching to enter the carriage business in which lay his principal financial interests. With a view, therefore, of returning to Greenfield and joining his father in the manufacturing establishment he resigned his professorship at Louisville. Aside from business, he is quite conspicuous in .politics on the Republican side, being   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 429   connected with the party clubs and a delegate to their last meeting in Springfield. He is looked upon as a rising young man, whose popularity aided by his marked ability promises for him high honors in the ranks of his party. The Foraker club at Greenfield, of which he is an esteemed member, recently honored him by selection as the orator at one of their meetings. He takes great interest in the grand work of Booker T. Washington, and is associated with that famous educator in his efforts to establish the National Business League. In his religious affiliations Mr. Patterson is an Episcopalian and his fraternal connections are confined to Freemasonry 'in which he has reached the degree of master mason. He was married in 1901 to Estelline Postill, an accomplished young lady of Hopkinsville, Ky., and with his Wife occupies a front rank in Greenfield,s social circles.   Louis Pausch, a veteran railroad employe, is one of the most public- spirited citizens of Leesburg, of which ;lace he has long been a resident. He belongs to that industrious army of adopted citizens to whom the country is under 'so many obligations for the building of its vast and invaluable transportation system. Mr. Pausch bore his full share in the hardest of that work, the part devoted to the digging, track-laying and other features of the construction department, but whatever he was put to do he did it so well as to invite commendation and insure steady if slow reward. Louis Pausch was born in Bavaria, Germany, December 27, 1834, and fifteen years afterward was on his way to America in search of that fortune which has been the lodestone of so many eager emigrants. He tarried awhile in the cities of New York and Philadelphia. but eventually found his way to the land of promise in Ohio, where he called a halt and looked around for employment. It was in 1852, when, about eighteen years of age, that this venturesome young German secured work at Chillicothe in the construction department of the old Marietta & Cincinnati railroad. He put in about a year at various odd jobs and then helped lay the first track for this road into the city of Chillicothe. In the same year he was engaged in building the railroad through Ross into Highland county and in 1854 assisted in the track-laying from Greenfield to Leesburg on to the Clinton county line. After ,three years of service in the construction department, he was appointed section foreman in 1866 he was acting supervisor and two years later he was made supervisor, a position which, he has held up to the present time, having charge of different divisions at various times. He is the oldest employe of the railroad in the department where he is engaged and can look back with pardonable pride on his long career, which began in poverty and has ended in substantial independence. Since locating at Leesburg Mr., Pausch has been a prominent factor in the town,s growth and improvement. As a member of the board of education he   430 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   has looked earnestly after the interests of the schools and in. the city his services were invaluable during the era of street improvement, owing to his energy and skill as an expert road builder. He was made chairman of the committee on streets and pushed with intelligent vigor the work which resulted in such great benefit to town's appearance and desirability as a place of residence. For the same reasons that always recommended him as the leader when any enterprise was on hand requiring public spirit, Mr. Pausch was made chairman of the building committee that had charge of the construction of the city hall, which has proved such a convenience and ornament to Leesburg. In 1857, he was married to Susan Roth, member of an old German family of New York state, who shares with him the esteem of a wide social acquaintance.   Wesley Pence, owner of a large and highly improved farm in M rket township and an extensive breeder of fine stock, is of the third generation removed from one of the first settlers of Highland county. The founders of the western branch of the faanily came from Virginia to Ohio in the early part of the last century and settled in Adams county, where they remained until about 1810. In that year they ,removed to Highland county, bringing their son Henry, who married Catherine, daughter of Isaac and Mary Layman, immigrants who came from Virginia in 1800. Henry Pence and wife located in what is now Hamer township, spent their lives in clearing and cultivating a pioneer farm and became the parents of fourtchildren,ren, all of whom are now dead except John, Henry and Mahala, now Mrs. McKee. George Pence, fourth of the children in age, was born in New Market township, February 28, 1816, and remained with his parents until he had passed his majority. :He married Catherine, daughter of Philip and Polly Wilkin, located on a farm and in time became a large land-owner, and passed away at the age of eighty-four years after becoming the father of the following children: Margaret, deceased; Wesley, subject of this sketch; Franklin, of New Market township Ellis, of Columbus Andrew W., of New Market Polly, Sarah and Alice, deceased. Wesley Pence, second of the children, was born in New Market township, Highland county, Ohio, April 13, 1842 on the farm adjoining his present home place. In the summer of 1862 he enlisted in Company A, Eighty-ninth regiment Ohio Volunteer infantry, which was first sent to Kentucky and from there to West Virginia, where it went into winter quarters. Later it was ordered to Tennessee and participated actively in the campaigns which culminated in the battle of Chickamauga. Mr. Pence was discharged on account of disability and returned home, where he remained until the spring of 1864, and then re-enlisted in Company undreddred and Sixty-eighth regiment Ohio National Guard. This command was sent to Kentucky and after a hot fight at Cynthiana   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 431   was mostly captured but soon afterward paroled. Later the regiment did guard duty at Cincinnati and in September was sent to Camp, Dennison, where: it was discharged from the service. When Mr. Pence returned home the second time in the fall of 1864, he resumed his occupation on the farm and shortly afterward was married to Susannah J., daughter of Carey and Sarah (Trop) Duckwall, descendant of one of the oldest families in the county. For awhile after marriage Mr. Pence resided in Liberty township, then purchased a place of 136 acres in New Market township, where he has since made his home. His original holdings have been increased to 530 acres, on which he has erected modern buildings of all kinds and in every way so improved it that it is now regarded as the best equipped farm in the township. He. raises stock extensively, making a specialty of Shorthorn cattle, of which he has one of the handsomest herds in the county. As a farmer he is progressive and enterprising, keeping well abreast of all modern improvements and well informed in all that concerns advanced agriculture. He is a member of Golden Ridge grange, No. 230, at New Market, and Hillsboro post, No. 205, Grand Army of the Republic. His religious affiliations are with the Mount Zion :Reformed church and his political views are those of the Republican party. Mr. and Mrs. Pence have four children:. Carey A., of Liberty. township ; William H., of Hillsboro.; Sarah H., wife of Urban Orebaugh, and. General George 0., now at home.   Lewis Pence, postmaster, and a citizen of general usefulness and popularity at the village of Nevin in. the township of Hamer, has a pioneer ancestry going back to the first decade of Highland county,s. history. His-father, Peter Pence, was one of that remarkable family of fourteen children of Henry and Catherine (Layman) Pence, who are mentioned. in more detail above. All save one of this large family reached maturity, married and had children of their own, thus. making the name Pence one of quite frequent appearance in the annals of New Market and other townships framed out of that orig- inal territory. Peter Pence, who was third in order of birth of the family of fourteen, learned the -blacksmith,s trade and earned the reputation of being the most expert mechanic in his line in. Highland county. In. 1833 he married Mary Ann. Wilkin, born March 27, 1817, in New Market township, and daughter of Philip and Polly Wilkin of early pioneer fame. His first location after marriage was on the place now owned by George W. Robinson, and about 1856 he purchased the place where his widow still resides. Although his main business after that was farming, he did not abandon his trade but. devoted much time to his old calling as a horseshoer and wagon repairer and was so engaged until his death at the age of seventy-seven years. Peter Pence's marriage rivaled that of his father in fruitfulness, as it resulted in the birth of thirteen children. Of these:   432 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   Catherine, Mahala, Peter, Sallie, Thomas H., Andrew, Mary J. and Philip have passed away, the last mentioned being killed in the army. The children still living are Rachel, wife of George Fawley, of Danville, Ohio; John, of Liberty, and David, of New Market township; Lydia, wife of Jefferson Fawley, of Danville, and Lewis Pence, subject of this sketch. The latter was born in New Market township, Highland county, Ohio, January 29, 1846, and remained at home until the twenty-fifth year of his age. Shortly after that period he was married to Mary Jane, daughter of John and Isabella Lemon, who had removed from Highland to Allen county, Ohio. After marrying, Mr. Pence lived about one year on the old home place and then removed to a farm in Liberty township, where he spent eighteen months. Subsequently he returned to the home place and spent several years in different locations in Hamer township, after which he settled permanently at Nevin. He had learned from his father the useful and honorable trade of blacksmithing, and this he has steadily followed during the most of his life. At present he combines the two important roles of village blacksmith and postmaster, in addition to dealing in groceries and confectionery, and owns a small tract of land near the village, besides his home and other town property. He has served as township trustee and constable, and is, much esteemed in all the relations of life. Of his four children, Emma! L. is dead ; Ella is assistant in the postoffice ; Ellis lives at Hillsboro. and Ira at Dayton, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Pence, as well as their children, are members of the Reformed church.   Henry A. Pence, member of the board of trustees of Hamer town' ship, derives his origin from the old Virginia family mentioned in the preceding sketches, who journeyed to' Ohio when it was still full of wild beasts and wilder men. Allen Pence was the sixth in age of the children of Henry and Catherine (Layman) Pence, and his birth occurred on the old home farm in 1826. When he reached matrimonial age he was united in wedlock with Margaret Strange, of a substantial Highland county family, and located on a farm of 100 acres, which is still in his possession. Subsequently he purchased a considerably larger farm to which he removed and has since made his place of residence. He prospered in his affairs and at one time owned 400 acres of land, most of which, however, he gave to members of his immediate family. Of his five children two died in infancy and John A the youngest, passed away after reaching mature years. The two survivors are Mary E., wife of John Knupp of Hamer township, and Henry A. Pence, who was born on his father,s farm in Highland county, Ohio, July 24, 1854. Shortly after reaching legal age he married Laura, daughter of Richard and Caroline Holt, and located on a farm of 130 acres, where he resided twenty years, since which time he has lived with his father on the homestead place. Mr. Pence   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 433   has farmed in the usual way, cultivating the standard crops, raising stock and attending to the multifarious work incident to his calling. He has for some time been a ,member of the board of trustees of Hamer township and is serving his second term in that capacity. His fraternal relations are with Lynchburg lodge, No. 151, of the Odd Fellows, and the Modern Woodmen of America, at Lynchburg. His only child; Richard A., resides in Dodson township, and the family are communicants of the Christian church.   Lewis S. Pittser, one of the esteemed citizens of Dodson township, comes of an old pioneer family and has many interesting stories to tell of the achievements and characteristics of his ancestors. The first of the name in America was John Pitzer (for so it was originally spelled), who cane from Baden, Germany, about 1770, with his brother Michael, who was the father of twenty-four children by two marriages. John Pitzer settled in Berkeley county, W.. Va., where he followed farming and weaving, reared a family and passed away. Among his ten children was John Pittser, born in January, 1777, who married Elizabeth Pifer and by her had 'two sons, Mathias and Jacob, and by a second marriage three children, Rachel, Adam and Andrew. Jacob Pittser, the second son of John and Elizabeth, was born in Berkeley county, W. Va., August 19, 1800, and in September, 1828, married Catherine Speagh. She was a daughter of Lewis Speagh, born about 1756 of German parentage, who settled in Washington county, Md., followed farming and shoemaking, and by his marriage to Elizabeth Cramer about 1797 had the following children : John, George, David,. Michael, Nancy, Catharine (born June 11, 1801), Mary, Charlotte, Rachel, Margaret and Sarah, all of whom except Michael, who died in infancy, lived to be more than sixty years old, and three reached the age of nearly ninety years. About 1824, Lewis Speagh migrated to Licking county, Ohio, and ten years later settled in Highland county, where he died October 26, 1855, at the age of ninety-six years. A very large German Bible, formerly owned by him, bearing date of publication, 1737, is now treasured by his grandson, the subject of this sketch, :thee leavesbeing fairly well preserved but most of the binding is long since gone. The lids, which still remain, are of wood, ten by nineteen inches and one inch thick. In September, 1825, Jacob Pittser and wife, his father and Uncle Michael with their families, and others who made a party of about twenty persons, started from Virginia, came in private conveyances by way of Wheeling and Columbus over the rough and difficult trails of those days, and eventually reached their point of destination in Highland county. The entire party settled on the banks of the East fork of the Little Miami river, where most of them spent the remainder of their lives. Jacob Pittser first leased and later bought   H-23   434 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   part of a military grant belonging to Capt. William White, of Virginia, to which he added by subsequent purchases until his holdings of land amounted to between four and five hundred acres. An incident in his early life is worth recalling as an illustration of pioneer methods and hardships. Mrs. Pittser longed to see her father and mother, who had located in Licking county several years before. Though the distance was not great, as measured now, it was then almost as if an ocean lay between, so imposing were the difficulties of travel in a country covered by the primeval forest. Wheeled vehicles were not obtainable and would have been useless in the absence of roads, so the only recourse was to walk or ride horseback. The only beasts of burden in possession of the family was an old mare brought from Virginia and one of her colts three years old. So Mrs. Pittser courageously mounted the former while her husband bestrode the frisky colt, and they took turns carrying the six-months-old infant. Thus equipped, they started late in the summer of 1829 to thread their way through the wilderness, often traveling many miles without seeing a human being. The third day out, a drove' of wild hogs by suddenly starting up from their brush covert so frightened the colt that Mr. Pittser was thrown headlong from the saddle, and narrowly escaped falling upon and crushing! the baby. Aside from this accident, which was afterward often recalled and discussed around the fireside, the travelers reached their destination without further adventure after five days of wearisome and dangerous journeying. After a glad reunion, the Pittsers, a month later, arrived safely at their Highland county home, Mrs. Pittser bringing back a ten-year-old sister who remained an inmate of the household until her marriage in 1.840 to Jacob Ellis of Clermont county. Jacob Pittser was a man of strong anti-slavery views and though a life-long Democrat abandoned his party on that issue and joined the Republicans as soon as they became organized. He was also an ardent advocate of temperance and in later life was accustomed to vote at general elections with the Prohibition party.. Shortly after its organization he became a member of the Methodist Protestant church and was chiefly instrumental in building on, his farm a meeting-house called "Pleasant. Hill," which was an object of his solicitous care and generous contributions during the remainder of his life. He was an exhorter, held all the minor offices in the' society and at different times represented the Lynchburg circuit in the Ohio annual conferences of the organiza- tion. He died January 6, 1886, and his good wife passed away December 20, 1888, on the old homestead, where they had spent together more than sixty years of joint trial and mutual happiness. The children of Jacob and Catherine Pittser were George W., William, Sophia, Lewis S., Martha J., Harvey A., Margaret E., and Mary C., the first born in Virginia in 1824 and all the others on the farm in Dodson township, near Lynchburg. The four now living are   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 435   George W, in Van Buren county, Iowa ; Sophia, in Sabina, Ohio; Lewis S., noticed below; and Margaret. E., in Olney; Ill. Lewis Speagh Pittser, fourth in age of the children, was born one mile, north of Lynchburg, Highland county, Ohio, on the farm where he now resides, July 3, 1831. His education was obtained in the common schools, followed by one term each in the graded school at Vienna and the Normal university at Lebanon. With this equipment, commencing in 1855 he devoted most of the next ten years to teaching in his own and the adjoining school, districts. On June 30, 1857, he married Anna. E. Moore, who was. born near Winchester, Adams county, Ohio, October 24, 1836. Her parents, William and Margaret (Beam) Moore, were married January 15, 1828, and had nine children: Sarah J., Daniel,. Samuel T., Harriet, Anna E., Margaret A.,' Colista V., Elizabeth A. and William. Those living are Sarah J., widow of Robert Orr, and Margaret A., widow of Jesse Wright, residents of Austin, Texas Samuel, of Louisville, Ky. ; Harriet, widow of John Maine's; Colista V., wife of Theodore Gibner of 'Cincinnati, and Elizabeth A., wife of John Steen; of Flora, Ind. William Moore was a farmer and stockraiser in Adams county until 1852, when he bought a sawmill at Moscow, Clermont county, and was. engaged in the lumber business until his death August 3, 1855. His widow survived him many years and died at Louisville, Ky., October 28, 1868. In 1864, with his. brothers, George W. and Harvey A., Lewis S. Pittser enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Sixty-eighth regiment, Ohio, national guard, with which he served under Captain Smith until .honorably discharged. In the early spring of 1865 with his little family, he moved to LaSalle 'county, Ill., where he spent the summer. in farming. In the fall he purchased a farm of one hundred acres in Scotland county, Mo., on which he built a house and made some other improvements, after which .he again turned his attention to school teaching. Subsequently he sold his farm and became assistant teacher in a select graded school at Memphis, the county seat of Scotland county, Mo. In the fall of 1868; he organized a select school at Athens, in Clark county, Mo., employed an assistant and was doing very well until a small pox epidemic in the spring caused a sudden closing of the term. He and his family then went to Chatsworth, and the next few years were spent in teaching at various points in that state. In 1873, Mr. and Mrs. Pittser made a visit to the old home in Highland county and spent. two summer months most pleasantly with father, mother and other relatives, which period they often recalled as the most delightful of their lives. Returning to Illinois Mr. Pittser spent some years in teaching and later bought a farm in Iroquois county where he remained until 1888, when he sold out and returned to Highland county. In 1889 he purchased the old homestead of his brothers and sisters, occupied the same with his family and since has made his residence there. Mr.   436 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   Pittser cast his first Presidential vote in 1852 for John P. Hale an George W. Julian, and being strongly opposed to slavery wa .identified with the Republican party for many years, but is now independent in politics. In 1846 he joined the Methodist Protestant church, but after removing west affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he has constantly held one or more of the mine offices and been a member of the official board. Lewis S. and Anna E Pittser have had four sons and a daughter : Milton L., born May 257 1858, died May 11, 1860 ; Nelson H., born May 25, 1860, was mar ried to Anna Harris in Louisville, Ky. November 26, 1887, and died October 25, 1890, leaving an only child, Eula B., born September J 1888, and now living at Shawneetown, Ill. Sarah V. D. was bo May 26, 1865, in La Salle county, Ill., and married Ferdinand D Rlatcliff in Hillsboro, October 8, 1893. Jacob J. was born Missouri November 18, 1867, and married Lilian Griffith in Lee burg, Ohio, September 15, 1892, their children being Hazel G. be in 1893, and E. Eugene, born in 1899. William C. was born at Oliver's Grove, Ill., July 12, 1871, married Dora Miller of Pipe City, Ill., September 19, 1895, and was killed in a railroad acciden at Terre Haute, Ind., November 12, 1895.   Sampson T. Porter, of Brush Creek township, is a grandson of on of the pioneers, Joshua Porter, a native) of Maryland, who came Brush Creek township about 1806, and built and operated one of the early saw mills. He married a Miss Tener, of Maryland, and ha six children : Samuel, George, Jacob, Noma, Katie and Margare .Samuel, born in Maryland, March 15, 1801, was only ten years age, when his father died, and after that event he labored faithfully to assist the mother in rearing her children. In youth he learned the trade of a carpenter, and later, when the burdens of the family had somewhat fallen from him, he married Christina Garman, a native of Highland county, and they made a home of their own in Brush Creek township. Fifteen years later they moved into Adams county, and lived until 1868, and then to Mifflin, Pike county, and thence in 1871 to Highland county, where Samuel Porter died at the age of seventy years. During the greater part of his life he was engaged in milling. He had eleven children : Caroline and Peter, deceased; Powell B., living in Kansas ; Samuel, deceased Francis M., of Ross county; Sampson T. Jacob, in Kansas; James D., in Pike county; Anna and Henrietta, in Ross county, and one that died young. Sampson T. Porter was born January 3, 1842, in Brush Creek township, was educated in the district school, and in early manhood entered the military service of the state, during the time of the great rebellion. He enlisted as a private in Company K of the Hundred and Forty-first regiment, Ohio National Guard, was mustered in at Gallipolis, and served for five months in post and garrison duty in   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 437   West Virginia. At the conclusion of this duty, being honorably discharged, he returned home and for some time was in the employment of his father in the flouring and saw mills. Later he married Martha A. Bowles, and they made their home forty-two years in Pike county, bought the property in Brush Creek township where he now lives, thirty-six acres of land and one of the pioneer mills of the county, which he maintains in successful operation. He is one of the influential men of the county, and has been honored by the people of his township with the office of trustee two terms, and that of treasurer one term. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and in politics a Democrat. Of his four children, Sadie is the wife of James Beekman, of .Brush Creek; Callie is the wife of R. L. Leeper, of Pike county ; Samuel married Pearl Roads and resides on the old homestead, and Walter W., at home.   William F. Price, a, well known citizen of Hillsboro, has long been a resident of that place, and connected as agent with various business enterprises. Though of Kentucky birth he was of loyal lineage and served his country gallantly during four years as a sol dier in the Union army. His father, William Price, was a minister of the Methodist. Episcopal church, formerly resident in Warren county, Ohio, and was highly esteemed as a good man in the religious circles to which he devoted the labor of his life. He married Sarah King, a native of Reading, Ohio, by whom he had a large family of children, two of whom were among the great hosts who upheld the cause of the country in the dark days of the civil war. Alexander Price, who served two years and afterward was successful in business, died December 25, 1901. Mary P. Price, another of the children, married a Mr. Housley and is now residing at Grand Rapids, Ohio. William F. Price, the subject of this sketch, was born March 2, 1844, while his parents were living in Kentucky, and was consequently about seventeen years old when the opening guns of the civil war aroused the military ardor of the young patriot. He lost no time in seeking an opportunity to go to the front and this was afforded by his enlistment in Battery F, First regiment, Ohio light artillery. With this command he served from the beginning until the close of the great struggle, covering a period of four years, when he at length returned home found he had reached man,s estate with all the responsibilities connected therewith. He located in Clermont county, Ohio, where he secured employment and worked until December 25, 1872, when he was married to Kate Alice Jones, a lady who came of an ancestry of soldiers in the various wars of the country. Her. maternal grandfather, John Muir, married Mary, daughter of Squire Utter, who migrated from Pennsylvania and in 1792 settled near Felicity in Clermont county, Ohio. He served   438 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND   in the war of 1812. Her paternal grandfather, Thomas Jones, was a colonel of militia before the .war of 1812, and his son Jacob, who married Mary Muir and became the father of Mrs. Price, served on the Union side in the civil war. Mr. and. Mrs. Price have two children : Florence, born November 27, 1873, married S. J. Hider who is in the fruit and garden business ; and Mabel, born March 27, 1893, is a student in the Hillsboro schools. Mr. Price has been a resident of Hillsboro for many years, serving as agent for various enterprises, and has a wide acquaintance among city,sty's business men. For a while he resided two miles west of Hillsboro but in 1901 purchased a comfortable brick dwelling house on South Johnson street where he has since made his home.   William H. Pricer, veteran of the civil war with a long and honorable record, now resident of Greenfield, Ohio, comes of one of the old Ross county families. The founder of the family was Henry Pricer, who came from Pennsylvania when the settlement of Ohio had hardly well begun and bore his share of the burdens involved in the task of clearing the wilderness. Among his children was a son named Daniel, who was born on what is known as Pricer Ridge in Ross county in 1815, subsequently became a farmer and died at South Salem in 1890. He married Nancy, daughter of William Stinson, of Ross county, by whom. he reared a family of seven children. Of these, Elizabeth and Martha J. died after marriage; James H., while serving in the Union army was taken prisoner at Little Blue, Mo., and is now a, farmer in Illinois ; Mary C. is the wife of a Nebraska farmer named Jack, and Nancy M. is married and living in the same state; Lucinda Ellen is the wife of Jacob Smith of Illinois. William H. Pricer, eldest of the children, was born and reared in. Ross county and at the outbreak of the civil war was farming with his father. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company H, Twenty-seventh regiment Ohio infantry, which was sent to Missouri and took part in the campaigns against Van Dorn and Price. After much marching and counter marching, picket fighting and skirmishes innumerable, Twenty-seventhenth regiment found itself hotly engaged in the great conflict at Corinth, Miss. In that battle, Mr. Pricer was wounded and being taken to the hospital at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., remained two weeks and was sent home on thidays,ays' sick leave. At the expiration of eighteen days, however, he reported for duty and rejoined his company at Ripley, Miss., after which he participated in all the lively skirmishes and large engagements which characterized the succeeding campaigns, notably the battles at Holly Springs, Iuka and Atlanta. Then followed the march to the sea, his trip up the coast through the Carolinas and battle of Bentonville, a.11 winding up with the grand review at Wash-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 439   ington. Mr. Pricer was mustered out with his command in July, 1865, as a corporal, and immediately returned to his home in Ross county, where he resumed the peaceful pursuit of farming. For the ten succeeding years he carried on this business in Ross and Fay-. ette counties alternately, removed to Greenfield in 1887 and for seven years has been overseer of the cemetery in that city. In 1868, he was married to Sarah, daughter of James McCann, of Highland county, by whom he has five children. Herbert Lee, the eldest, at present an electrician at St. Louis, Mo., was a member of Company E, Fourth Ohio regiment, in the Spanish-American 'war and took part in the Porto Rico campaign. Louis C., the second son, now an operator on the Vandalia railroad stationed at East St. Louis, was also in the Spanish war as a member of the signal corps: The other children are : Gertrude, wife of L. Mobray, electrician with the Swift packing house in St. Louis Madge and Harry, at home. Mr. Pricer is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and one of the comrades of Gibson: post, Grand Army of the Republic.   Prof. Chilton A. Puckett, the efficient superintendent of the Lynchburg schools, was born near Berrysville, Highland county, Ohio, August 19, 1863. His parents, Alexander and Miriam (Waldron) Puckett were also natives of .Highland county, the birth of the former occurring on February 22, 1833, and of the latter on August 14, 1833. Superintendent Puckett spent his youth on the farm assisting his father in its management, and during the winter season attended the district school. When he was about fifteen years of age his parents removed to HIllsboro, and this afforded young Puckett the opportunity he had long wished, for to secure a better education and he entered the Hillsboro city schools and studiously applied himself to bettering his education. He made rapid progress and soon qualified himself for teaching, and has continued) in that profession ever since. For three years he had charge of the New Petersburg schools and in 1894 accepted a position as an instructor in the Lynchburg high school, where his services were of such a satisfactory nature that in 1898 he was chosen superintendent, and has continued in that capacity ever since. Under his excellent management the Lynchburg schools rank second to none in the county. It is worthy of remark, that Prof. Puckett holds both grades of state life certificates, which of itself is sufficient evidence of his exceptional qualifications to fill the responsible position he now holds. On November 27, 1884, he was united in marriage with Clara. E. Ballentine, daughter of Andrew J. and Catharine E. (Miller) Ballentine, the former of Scotch descent, born in Pittsburg, Pa., January 8, 1834, and the latter a native of Highland county, born June 7, 1841, both of whom are still living and respected residents of Highland county. Mrs. Puckett was born. near Berryville, March 7, 1863, and her entire life   440 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   has been spent in the county. To this union were born, two children: George C. on October 10, 1886, and at present a student in the Lynchburg high school, and Nellie E., born January 18, 1889, and who died August 20, 1892. George C. has decided, for himself, to study medicine as soon as qualified to enter a first-class medical college and is bending his energies in that direction. Professor and Mrs. Puckett are members of the Methodist church. He also belongs to the Masonic order and is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. The family stands high, socially, in the estimation of the people.   Harley S. Pulse, attorney and real estate agent, and otherwise prominent in the affairs of Lynchburg, is descended from one of the pioneer families now largely represented in various parts of Highland county. His grandfather, David Pulse, was born in March, 1766, and in October, 1788, was married to Sarah Fry, with whom he located near Smithfield, Va. Their son, George W. Pulse, was born at the last mentioned place December 23, 1784, and married Eliza Bonwell, a native of Kentucky. In 1817, George with his wife and one child, accompanied also by his parents, came to Ohio and located in Highland county, two miles west of Hillsboro. He lived there until 1833, when he removed to Dodson township, where he taught school and cultivated his farm. He died near Dodsonville, April 7, 1888, in the ninety-fifth year of his age, and his wife passed away in 1889 when about eighty years old. This venerable couple and fine sample of the early pioneers became the parents of a numerous progeny, whose descendants have been conspicuous in the development of Highland county. Among their children was Charles M. Pulse, born in Dodson township in 1849 and married about 1870 to Florence E., daughter of Tavner Layman, a resident of the Weber-town neighborhood. The children springing from this union were Walter S., born January 6, 1.872 ; George B., born in September, 1881, an electrician at Montpelier, Ind. Harley:ley S. Pulse, the subject of this sketch. The latter was born on father's farm in Highland county, Ohio, June 22, 1875, and received his academical education in the schools at Lebanon. Subsequently he attended the National Law University and after his graduation there in 1896 located at Lynchburg, where he has since been engaged in busines At his pleasant quarters in the new Kleckner block, he carries on a real estate and general fire insurance agency and represents the Central Life insurance company, in addition to conducting his regular law practice. Mr. Pulse's popularity is attested by the fact of his having been honored by two elections as mayor of the corporation and his general activity in the social and business life of the town. He is a past grand of Lynchburg lodge, No. 151, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, past patriarch of Lynchburg encampment, No. 172, and a member Of Lynchburg lodge, Knights of Pythias. In 1897 he   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 441   was married to Josephine, daughter, of W. H. and Sarah E. (Lan-digs) Hopkins, of Lynchburg, one of the old families of that part of the county.   Flavious O. Pulse, a prosperous farmer of Salem township, belongs to a family long identified with the agricultural interests of Highland county, and mentioned above. One of the sons of George Pulse, a settler of Liberty township, in the first decade of the nineteenth century, was John D. Pulse, born in Liberty township, in 1816. He maried Cynthia A., daughter of Michael and Polly (Walker) Stroup, a famous pioneer couple. of New Market township whose lives are sketched at some length in another article of this volume. After marriage, John D. Pulse located on a farm in Dodson township, where he prospered and was accumulating property rapidly when cut off in the prime of life. In 1855 he had made a trip to Iowa to buy land for investment and while there contracted typhoid fever which terminated fatally twelve days after he returned to his Ohio home. His wife, however, assumed charge of the business and managed it successfully until her death, which occurred in 1899 at the age of seventy-nine years. Her living children are Eliud S., of Dodson township ; the subject of this sketch ; Michael B.., of Brown county, and John W., who resides on the old place. Besides these, Mary E., the first born, and Eliza J.3 the fourth in order of birth, have passed away. F. 0. Pulse, third in age of the children, was born in Dodson township, Highland county, Ohio, March 13, 1845, and remained at home until he had completed his twentieth year. Determined to see something of the world before he settled down to business, he started out on a long trip the objective points of which were Vera Cruz and other cities of Mexico. He was absent a considerable time and, after traveling 12,000 miles without seeing a single person Whom he had known before, returned home with the full conviction that the old song was correct in saying there was no other place like home. Shortly after returning, he married Mary E., daughter of John Cramton, of Highland county, and located on the farm which has since been his place of residence. He showed himself to be not only an industrious but progressive farmer and has increased his original holdings of 122 acres to nearly five times that amount, all of which with the exception of seventy-five acres is under cultivation. He has greatly improved his estate while it was increasing in extent, and it is now ornamented with a handsome and commodious dwelling house, besides the numerous other buildings necessary in first-class farming. Mr. Pulse has been honored by having a postoffice named after him and he deserves the compliment, as he is one of the representative farmers of the prosperous township of Salem. Of his five children, three were lost in infancy, the living ones being Lillie M.,.   442 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   wife of Fred Granger, of Hillsboro., and Clarence P., who is at home. The family are members of the Christian church.   Adna P. Pushee, after an active life in the construction and traffic departments of various railroads, is now living a life of retirement on his farm near Leesburg, Ohio. He was brought in touch with the transportation business when a boy, on account of the fact that hiss father was in the express business in. the east during the incipiency of the vast railway systems of the country. The family is of excellent New England stock and was represented by ancestors in the revolutionary war. The eastern home was in Grafton county, New Hampshire, where Adna. P. Pushee was born in 1834, and in early youth obtained employment as a mail carrier. Later he assisted his father on a mail route and was thus engaged until 1852, when he joined the tide of Western emigration and in due time arrived at Chillicothe, Ohio. At that time the Marietta & Cincinnati railroad was building and young Pushee worked for several years in different capacities for the contractors. Eventually he was given a job as fireman and from that in a few months was promoted to the position of engineer, being one of the first to have charge of an engine on that line. He was engineer of the first passenger train that ran from Chillicothe to Marietta and remained for several years with the company in the same capacity. Subsequently he was made foreman of the engine-house, and later general foreman of the machine shops and finally promoted to the position of master mechanic. After a short retention of this place, he returned to his original task in the cab of a locomotive, which he again resigned to take charge of a gang of men in the service of contractors. He worked on the first line of railroad constructed through Highland county, -which is now part of one of the great transportation systems of the country. In 1866 he left Ohio to become superintendent of steam shovels on the old Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafayette railroad, with headquarters at St. Paul, Ind. He was engaged for some time subsequently in the construction department of what is now the "Big Four" railroad, working first on the main line and later on the present Whitewater Valley division: Abandoning railroad employment temporarily, he became superintendent of construction for a while on the Whitewater canal, and later was in charge of difficult work near Harrison, Ohio, for a hydraulic company, which he carried out with entire success. In 1871 he' returned to his old love, the railroad business, and was employed by the Marietta & Cincinnati railroad company in the responsible position of lost-car and freight agent, doing similar work at the same time for the Baltimore & Ohio and Ohio & Mississippi lines. He. had charge of these important trusts until 1876, when he resigned and retired to his country place near Leesburg, where he has since looked after his farming   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 443   interests. He has. a large and well improved farm which he manages by modern methods and keeps abreast of all the improvements relating to agriculture. 'He has never been an office-seeker, but held the position of land appraiser, to which he was elected in 1890 and filled to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. In 1861, he was married to Martha A. Ladd, who died in 1879. To this union were born Minnie, Walter and. Nellie, the latter deceased. October 5, 1880, Mr. Pushee was united in marriage with Hannah E., daughter of John) Cox, one of the early settlers and prominent men of his community.   Hon. Henry H. Redkey, Of Concord township, former county commissioner and representative in the Ohio legislature, is one of the notable men of the country who are descended from pioneer settlers. His grandfather, Adam Redkey, a native of Pennsylvania, and residing after marriage in Washington county, of that state, came to Ohio with his wife and children. in 1808 and settled on the north bank of Rattlesnake creek, in Paint township, near the site of New Petersburg. Adam: Redkey was a soldier of the Revolutionary war, and would have been one of the conspicuous men of the early days of settlement, but while making a trip to Pennsylvania soon after he had purchased land, he took the fever and died, leaving his wife and six children to the fortunes of life in the wilderness. These children, Joshua, Jacob, Adam, John, George and Nancy, all now deceased, became farmers and prominent in their day, and their descendants are to be found among many of the best families of the township. John Redkey, born in 1797 in Washington county, Pa., was reared from boyhood in Highland county, and in early manhood married Anna. Hiatt, with whom he went to housekeeping near Rainsboro. Four children were born to them—William, George, Nancy and Alvira—all now deceased. After the death of this wife, John Redkey removed to the vicinity of Marshall, and married Rachel Edenfield, a native of Delaware, whose parens, Samuel and Jane Edenfield, came to Marshall township in 1818. In 1850 he moved to Concord township, to a farm of 160 acres, then wild land, now occupied by H. H. Redkey. He served several terms as township trustee, was quite successful as a farmer and stock raiser, but died at the age of fifty-six years, his wife surviving him to the age of sixty-six. Both are buried at Wesley Chapel cemetery. Two children were born to them, the subject of this sketch, and S. E. Redkey, now in the real estate and insurance business at Cincinnati, Ohio. Henry H. Redkey was born at the home in Marshall township March. 1, 1839, and was educated in the district schools of that township and Concord. When the war of the rebellion came on, he enlisted as a soldier August 10, 1862, in Captain Barrett,s company, and was mustered in at Camp Dennison, as. a private in Company I   444 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   of the Eighty-ninth regiment, Ohio volunteer infantry. His first service was in Kentucky and West Virginia, and then in the vicinity of Nashville and Gallatin, Tenn., until the summer of 1863, when he was with his regiment in the famous Tullahoma campaign and took Part in the battle of Hoover’s Gap. Following this he accompanied the army in the Chattanooga campaign, and participated in the battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863, the greatest of the war in the west. The Eighty-ninth was among the regiments that lost heavily in captured, and Private Redkey was among the prisoners, and he continued in this unfortunate plight during the remainder of the war. He was confined two months at Richmond, Va., then at Danville until May, 1864, and after that at the notorious prison pen at Andersonville, Ga., suffering greatly from hunger and disease, until April 28, 1865. Thence he was taken to Jacksonville, Fla., and then the war came to an end, and he came into the hands of the United States troops, and was transferred by boat to Annapolis, Md., and thence to Camp Chase, Columbus, where he was honorably dis- charged June 8, 18'65. then he reached home he weighed but seventy-five pounds, so severe had been his deprivations and suffering, and it was a. year before he could undertake any work. Since then he has been engaged in farming and stock raising, meeting with much success and winning recognition as one of the most notable breeders of Shorthorn cattle in the county. He is the owner of 226 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation. His public life has been one of honor and valuable service to the public. For twelve years he filled the office of county commissioner, and in 1895 he was elected representative of Highland county in the Ohio legislature, a place of honor that he occupied for, two terms. He is a member of the Grand Army post at Sugartree Ridge, and is a prominent Republican and earnest member of the Methodist church. In early manhood he married Sarah E., daughter of Josiah Y. and Rebecca E. Steen, and they have five Children: Cora E., widow of Frank Heatherington, late of Hillsboro; Edwin S., who married Agnes Cochrane and lives on part of the homestead ; Nellie B., Harry S., a law student at Hillsboro, and Mary L.   Joshua Gatch Redkey, one of the most prominent and progressive farmers of Paint township and influentially identified with the educational and agricultural interests of Highland county, comes of a widely distributed and strongly connected family. As far back as 1808 Adam and Mary (Davis) Redkey came to Ohio with their seven children and settled on the west bank of Rattlesnake creek, in Paint township. The father bought land and made one payment, but on his way to Pennsylvania in 1810 to secure money to complete the purchase he was stricken with fever and died. His five sons, whose names were Joshua, John, Jacob, Adam and George, all   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 445   became land owners and citizens of influence, whose descendants are intermarried with the strongest families of Paint township. They had been reared as Methodists and eventually became identified with the Abolitionists, Adam being in later years one of the conductors of the underground railroad. Joshua Redkey left a son named Daniel, who was born in. Paint township September 19, 1819, and married Mary, daughter of John Glaze, who settled in Brush Creek township about the year 1811. Daniel Redkey lived in Marshall township from 1844 until 1874, and became the ..owner there of about 230 acres of land. Later he purchased from James Carothers a farm in Paint township of 195 acres, where he spent the remainder of his days. He was prominent in connection with township affairs, active in Methodist church circles and a stockholder in the female college at. Hillsboro. He died January 17, 1878, as the result of an injury received from a falling scaffold while engaged in building a barn. The two children resulting from his union with Mary Glaze are Martha, now the widow of Joel Brown of Paint township, and Joshua Gatch Redkey. The latter was born in Marshall township, Highland county, Ohio, February 3rd, 1856, grew up on the farm and received his education in the district schools. He was nineteen years old when the change of residence was made to Paint township and he carried on the business of the farm in conjunction with his father until the latter,s death. Since that event he has had supervision of the 425 acres of land left by his father, which he has managed with great skill and energy and much improved in every way. He ranks as one of the most, enterprising of Paint township,s successful farmers, paying especial attention to the breeding of Poland—China swine, the polled Durham cattle and other fine stock. In former years Mr. Redkey wrote a good deal for the agricultural papers, and he has always been an advocate of higher education, especially among the agricultural classes. He was one of the organizers of Paint Township Farmers, institute, of which he was president three years and is now vice-president. He has also long been conspicuous in connection with the Knights of Pythias, being the author of the first by-laws written for the lodge at Rainsboro, is 'a charter member of lodge No. 453 at Rainsboro and has instituted or assisted in instituting nine different lodges of the Knights of Pythias. From 1894 until 1898 he was representative to the grand lodge of this fraternity, has served as district and county deputy and for seven years was keeper of records and seals. He was also president of the township school board for a number of years. February 11, 1881, Mr. Redkey was married to Amanda, daughter of Davis H. Lucas, a member of one of the oldest and most substantial of Marshall township families. She died April 5; 1902. The household now consists of his aged mother, who has been an invalid for six years, and   446 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   two children, Clarence E. and Stanley R. Mr. Redkey is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he has been recording steward for. fourteen consecutive years.   William J. Redkey, for over thirty years a merchant at Rains-bore, is not only of pioneer descent himself, but is connected by blood or marriage with nearly all the old families who settled and made Paint township. His great grandfather, Adam Redkey, moved in from Pennsylvania as early. as 1806, bringing. with him his wife and their children; Joshua, John, George, Adam, Nancy, Sarah, and Jacob. The father bought land near where Centerfield now is, and after making one payment on the purchase price, he set out to go to Pennsylvania and obtain money for the second. On his way he was attacked by fever and died, leaving his widow with this large family of almost helpless children to provide for. She gave up the farm upon which her husband had settled, but later purchased the place upon which James W. Roads subsequently lived. Jacob Redkey, who was about eight years old when the family came to Paship,,hip married Mary, daughter of Basil Lucas, from which union sprang a numerous progeny which has strictly obeyed the Biblical injunction to "multiply and replenish the earth." The family long since recovered its hold upon the soil lost by the sudden death of Adam Redkey and through its connections with the Spargurs, Lucases, Roads and others, permeates the whole industrial and social life of Paint township and exercises a strong influence upon its affairs. Jacob Redkey bought a farm near Rainsboro, where he lived the remainder of his days, and during his prime was one of the leading men of the county, being major of the Home Guards and at one time a candidate for state representative. His three children, now all dead, were Mary A., Basil and John L. Redkey, the latter inheriting the home farm and living thereon from childhood until the termination of his career. He married Rebecca Pedrick, a native of New Jersey and daughter of William Pedrick, by whom he had three children : William J., Alonzo of Missouri and Louisa, wife of Walker Baker, of Rainsboro. Mrs. Redkey died October 18,. 1859, aged forty-three, and a few years later her husband married Nancy Sinclair, a native of Highland county, and daughterDempmp-;sey Sinclair. The children by this marriage were Dempsey, Ada,. wife of Henry -Mason of Rainsboro, and Effie, deceased. John L. Redkey was a good citizen, held several township offices, served against raider Morgan and died in the seventy-eighth year of his age. His widow still lives on the old homestead near the village of Rainsboro. William J. Redkey, oldest of father,ser's children by the first marriage, was born .on the home place in Paint township, Highland county, Ohio, June 11, 1845. He worked on the farm until full   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 447   grown and attended the district school,' where he had for a schoolmate a bright lad named Joseph Benson Foraker, since known to fame as governor and senator of Ohio. The latter,s first Sunday school teacher was the father of William J. Redkey, and the two boys often listened together to the scriptural instruction in the neighborhood church. Mr. Redkey married Nancy C.,. daughter of Christian and Ester Cameron, of Pike county, and located in the village of Rainsboro where he has since resided. In March, 1871, he established a general merchandise store, and in 1878 erected the convenient and handsome building. which has since constituted his business quarters. In addition to his mercantile transactions, Mr. Redkey controls 215 acres of land near Rainsboro and looks closely after the details connected with the cultivation and management. Of his six children, John N., Joseph, A. and Emma are dead ; the living being C. L. Redkey, a farmer by occupation ; F. D: Redkey, of Rainsboro ; and Ester, at home. Mr. Redkey. is a member of the United Brethren church and has served two terms as treasurer of the township.   Carey W. Rhoten, one of the leading citizens of White Oak township, and cashier of the newly established White Oak Valley bank, is a grandson of Josiah Rhoten, one of the pioneers of Brown county. Josiah Rhoten was born about 1790, i.n Mason county, Ky., married Mary Prine, of the same county, in early manhood, and moved with his wife to a home in the forests of Brown county, settling near the site of Carlisle, Jackson township. There. he bought a' farm of two hundred acres, which he redeemed from nature, and reared a. family of nine children : Thomas, Hannah, Jane, Prine, deceased ; Christopher and William (residing in Brown county), .Huston and Catherine, deceased; and Kenneth, living in Illinois. Josiah Rhoten was a. man held in high esteem, was a faithful worker in the Methodist church, and lived to the age of seventy-five years. His son, William, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Jackson township, Brown county, June 19, 1819. He occupied himself as a cooper in early manhood, but after his marriage to Thyrza Pindell he went to farming on the place where he yet lives, in Brown county. First buying 150 acres he has increased his holdings to over 600 acres, and has been a very successful stock breeder, as well as farmer. For many years he has been a member of the Christian Union church, and he was one of the principal promoters of the Ash Ridge church, in which he has occupied the position of deacon for a long time. His wife died in 1901; at the age of seventy-six years. Nine children were born to them : Jane, deceased ; Rachel, living in West Virginia ; Carey W., the subject of this sketch ; Michael, and 'Ethan J., of Brown county ; Nancy, of 'Clermont. county ; Chilton A. and Mary, of Brown county, and Melinda, of Adams county. Carey W. Rhoten   448 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   was born December 1, 1.849, on the home farm near Fincastle, in Eagle township, Brown county, and was reared there and educated in the district school and the Georgetown high school. After completing his education he taught school with much success for twenty years. In early manhood he was married to America Roberts, a native of Whiteoak township, and daughter of William and Amelia Roberts. They began housekeeping on the farm now owned by A. Roberts, in White Oak township, and two years later bought the farm of 142 acres where they now live. Two children have been born to them: William G., a physician at Mowrystown, and Ira Q. of the Farmers and Traders bank, of Hillsboro. Mhotenoten has well earned a high standing among the prosperous and reliable people of Highland county. Steadily winning success through industry and business tact, he has increased his land holdings to three hundred and seventy-five acres. In addition to the ordinary work of the farm, he has been quite fortunate in rearing Aberdeen Angus cattle and other valuable stock, and he has been an extensive dealer in live stock. He is one of those principally to be credited with the establishment of the new White Oak Valley bank. In politics he is a Democrat, and he has served one term as the township assessor. His religious affiliation is with the Christian church.   William G. Rhoten, M. D., of Mowrystown, notable among the young professional men of the county, was born in White township, on the farm now owned by A. E. Roberts, September 30, 1874. Dr. Rhoten is a son of Carey W. Rhoten. and his wife, America B. Roberts, and has already been mentioned in the preceding sketch of his father. He was reared at the farm home, attending the district school, and continued his literary studies at the Northwestern Ohio university at Ada, and at the Hillsboro college, after which he was engaged in. teaching school for two terms. It was not his purpose however, to adopt the profession of a teacher, and he soon gave his attention to the study of medicine, reading for about four years in the office of Drs. Glenn & Nelson of Hillsboro. This work he followed up with four courses of lectures at the UniversityCincinnati,ati, and when he had been granted his degree and diploma he opened his office at Mowrystown and began his practice, which has since continued with flattering success. At present he is township physician. The ability he has shown thus early in his career gives: promise of an honorable and distinguished life work in his professon that shall be creditable to the pioneer family which he represents; and the county in which he lives. He is a member of the Christian church, and held in high estfor sterlingling traits of character. The wife of Dr. Rhoten is Maud C., daughter of William and Sarah   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 449   Edwards, of Highland county, and they have one child, Walter Glenn Rhoten.   Daniel Roades, a highly successful farmer of Clay township, well known through the county, is a grandson of George Roades, born in Virginia in 1791, who married in his native state and came to Ohio in the early days, not long after the close of the second war with England. He settled first in Paint township; but in a year or two removed to Liberty township, and bought a hundred acres of the Byrd survey. His industry and good management were rewarded with success, and he became one of the well-to-do men of his time. He lived to the age of ninety years and his wife to past eighty. Ten children were born to them, of whom Ephraim is yet living at the old homestead, Eli in Clay township and George in Liberty. Henry V., one of the sons deceased, and father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Virginia in 1816, was reared and educated in Highland county, and in early manhood was quite. successful as a teacher of mathematics in the county schools. He married Sarah Moberly, daughter of the prominent pioneer settler, Rezin Moberly, and made his home on the old Evans place on Clear Creek, and 'not long afterward in Clay township, where, he first bought a hundred acres. He also prospered in business, being a man of great resource and adaptability, and was noted as one of the most successful farmers of the county. He was a life-long member of the Methodist church and a valued member of society. Fourteen children were born to Henry and Sarah Roades, of whom Anna J. is living in Liberty township, William, Daniel, Minerva, and Sarah E. in Clay township, George W., the eldest is deceased, also John, Mary S., Alcinda and Albert, and the others died young. Daniel Roades was born at the home in Clay township, October 16, 1850, was educated in the district school, and on reaching manhood married Mary E., daughter of Isaac and 'Mary A. Reedy. They began their married life on the farm where they now live, and there have reared five children : Melvina, wife of James E. Masten ; Cora M. ; Esta, wife of Walter Mock, all of Clay township ; Henry V., of Brush Creek township, and Lizzie M., at home. Mr. Roades has prospered as a farmer, formerly owning over five hundred acres, part of which he has now put in the hands of children. In addition to agriculture he has carried on a business in fertilizers, and dealt quite extensively in stock and grain. His farm is well supplied with all varieties of live stock, and he is in every way a progressive farmer and capable business man. In relation to the public he has rendered valuable services as township trustee and school director; he is deacon and treasurer of the Church of Christ, and a member of the Odd Fel-   H-29   450 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   lows lodge at Buford and the Republican party. These are indication of the successful life he has lived since he began clearing away the forest from his land, and laying the foundations of one of the best equipped farms in the county.   William Roads, now living a retired life on his country estate near Highland, Ohio, comes of a family long represented and favorably known in Highland county. The original settlers were from Virginia, came during the early years of the nineteenth century and selected for their locations that part of the county now included in Brush and Paint townships. From. this beginning the descendants multiplied until now they are found well represented in various portions of Highland and other counties. The parents of the subject of this sketch were Daniel S. and Malestha W. (Spargur) Roads, and the latter,s ancestry deserves more than a passing word. Her father, Henry W. Spargur, was one of three brothers who came to Ohio. from North Carolina at different periods from 1804 to 1833.. Between them they contributed forty children to the population, most of whom grew to maturity and reared families, which became in time not only one of the most numerous but out one of the most influential connections in Highland county: And the family has no worthier representative than Williams Roads, who was born in 1837 in Highland county, and has spent his entire adult life in close touch with its agricultural development. Born on a farm, reared on a farm, trained until manhood to farm work, he has made that his life’s. occupation and rose to be recognized as one of the best representatives. of the agricultural classes afforded by his township. The fine farm near New Lexington on which he is now spending the evening of his days in comparative repose, has been the scene of all his activities and he cultivates it according to modern and strictly up-to-date methods. Mr. Roads is a man of means, with large interests both landed and otherwise, and finds his time fully occupied in looking after his extensive holdings. He first married. Mahala E., daughter of Philip Anderson, by whom he had three children, James E., Oliver M. and Daniel W. Their mother died in 1893 and Mr. Roads took for his. second wife Alice McLaughlin, who at present presides. over the hospitable household near the town of Highland.   James P. Roberts, for many years past one of the most prominent farmers of White ak township, was born, September 30,, I S21 on the farm now owned by his brother, Alfred.: He is a grandson of Isaiah Roberts, a native of Pennsylvania, who married Elizabeth Lewis in that state, and a few years later removed. to Ross county, Ohio, settling at Chillicothe in 1810. Isaiah Roberts was a brick mason, and after he came to Highland county about 1813 he built the first brick house in the county. On coming to this region he.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 451   bought three hundred acres of land, including the site of Taylorsville, which was platted by his son, Isaiah, in November, 1846. By his first wife he had five children who grew up—James, Mary, Abram, Nancy and. Isaiah, all now deceased. After the death of their mother he married a widow, Mrs. Bottleman, who brought to his home the four children of her first husband. Isaiah Roberts, .the pioneer, was an industrious man, intelligent and active, and became the owner of a considerable estate. He lived to the age of eighty- four years, and was sincerely mourned by many friends. His son, James Roberts; born in Pennsylvania, in 1794, was active and well known among the younger men of the pioneer settlement, and manifested his enterprise in youth by running a distillery, then a very common industry, and constructing the first tannery in Highland county. He married Mary E. Bottleman, daughter of his father's second wife, and they, had fourteen children—Isaiah and Judah,. deceased ; Elizabeth, widow of Samuel Mitchell; Thomas, William,. Christopher and Abram, deceased; John, of White Oak ; Mary A., wife of John Crampton ; James P., whose name heads this sketch; Alfred, Margaret, deceased ; Clinton and Nelson. Their mother died in 1854, and about four years later he married Mrs. Eliza McNally Miller. James Roberts continued in the management of his tannery for a quarter of a century, and realized handsome, profits: from this pioneer industry. He became the owner of over one thousand acres of land, and was considered one of the most prosperous; men of his day in. his township. He -was loyal to his country,. and served as a soldier in the war of 1812. Finally, after a busy. and useful life of seventy years, he passed away. His son, James P., was reared at his father,s home, .attending the district school, and helping in the work of the tannery. In 1859 he was /harried to Maria Kibler, a native of White Oak township, and they began housekeeping on the farm, of acres where he now lives. Their home has been blessed with eleven children: Charley. F., of Concord. township; 011ie E., wife of D. 0: Winkle, -of Hamer township ; Ida J., wife of Amelius Sauner, of White Oak; Cornelia E.,. wife of James Fen-wick, of White Oak; Herbert K. and d Arthur W., of White Oak; William P., of Hamer ; Viola C., wife of L. Hensley, of Mowrystown ; Guessie L. and Amelia M., at home, and Isaac N., deceased. James P. Roberts has been very successful as a farmer and stock breeder, and as a stock dealer when he was in that buiness; has owned more than a thousand acres before. he divided it among his children, leaving him now a farm of 330 acres under cultivation, and he has long enjoyed the confidence and esteem of his neighbors. He has been selected. as the administrator of a good many of the estates of his friends who have passed away, and in all relations of life he has shown himself honorable and trustworthy. His wife has   452 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   been a member of the Presbyterian church since her fifteenth year, and he has been a member for forty years and an elder for thirty-five.   Ira Q. Roberts, a well-known farmer and business man of ystown,own, is a great-grandson of Isaiah Roberts, a prominent pioneer of White Oak township, and former owner of the site of the town of Taylorsville. A notice of his career, and family history is given in the preceding sketch. His eldest son, James P. Roberts, was the father of William Roberts, born on, the White Oak township farm in 1800, and William was the father of the subject of this sketch. William Roberts, after he had grown to manhood, married Amelia Gibler, a native of the same township, and bought a farm of two hundred acres where he prospered by reason of industry and good business judgment, enlarging his land possessions to something like nine hundred acres. He 'died at the age of sixty-three years, leaving his wife and five children : James P., of Concord; AaE., E.' of the same township; America V., wife of C. W. Rhoten ; and Ira Q. Ira Q. was born October 22, 1859, at the house where he now lives, was educated in the district school, and in. early manhood was married to Josie Riley, a native of Brown county and daughter of Joseph and Leah Riley. Two children have been born to them: Cleo E., wife of Wilber Fonder, of Concord township, and Overton G. Ira Q. Roberts is one of the enterprising and successful younger men of the township ; is the owner of a well-improved farm of two hundred acres, and gives a great part of his time to the management of a livery barn at Mowrystown, and the buying and selling of livestock. Hie is also one of the promoters and stockholders in the White Oak Valley bank, establishedMowrystown-svn. He has served with ability two terms as township trustee, he and -wife are valued members of the Christian church and the order of Odd Fellows, and in politics is a Republican.   Adolphus T. Rogers, a well known farmer and breeder of Jersey cattle, is descended from one of the men who fought Indians with Nathaniel Massie in the territory now occupied by Ross and Highland counties. Col. Thomas Rogers, who passed away in 1873 in his ninety-first year, may properly be described as the last of the pioneers of the Scioto valley. With him departed the only man who was able to talk as an eye-witness of events in and around Chillicothe during the last decade of the eighteenth century. He was born in Virginia, October 19, 1782, and three years later came with his father, William Rogers, down the Monongahela and Ohio rivers on flatboats. to what was then called, Limestone, now Maysville, Kentucky. The family settled on Hinkston creek, not far from Lexington, in the same neighborhood where the celebrated Daniel Boone made his home. The elder Rogers became quite intimate with this forest hero and accom-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 453   panied him on some of his perilous expeditions against the Indians. In 1795 he came with Nathaniel Massie on his expedition to Ohio, which resulted in the fight with the Indians at the falls or rapids of Paint Creek, a short distance above Bainbridge in Ross county. The next year he sent his sons, John and Thomas, to clear a place and the two boys built a cabin on the present site of Chillicothe in the summer of 1797, and several years later located where the Slate Mill now stands. The second of these boys became in after years well known as Col. Thomas Rogers, above alluded to: He served as major in the war of 1812 and was present at the surrender of Hull. For many years he was colonel of the Highland county militia and was an imposing figure as he marshalled his troops on "general muster day" on the streets of Hillsboro. Colonel Rogers was a storehouse of information concerting events during the period of settlement and often fascinated his listeners with stories of "the old time entombed." He was especially fond of recalling that on a trip back to Kentucky with his father, about 1797, they fell in with Daniel Boone, and the boy was delighted with the old veteran,s tales of Indian fighting and forest adventures. The colonel,s son, Thomas D. Rogers, was born on his father,s farm near Greenfield, Ohio, March 26, 1819. After he grew up he was for a year a clerk in IL Smart,s store, but upon his marriage to Jane E. Beatty, of Fayette county, he located for life on part of the old home farm, which he had purchased. Here he cultivated his land, raised stock and carried on the usual agricultural' pursuits of that neighborhood until his death. Of his nine children, Alexander B., Cedora F., Alonzo A. and Mary have passed away, the first mentioned dying in the army. Those living are the subject of this sketch ; Mrs. William Pinkerton, Thomas A., of South Salem ; Charles F., of Leesburg, and William, who is an eye and ear specialist in Honolulu. A. T. Rogers, second in age of the children, was born on his father,s farm in Madison township, Highland county, February 23, 1846. As he grew up he attended the common schools and South Salem academy, spent fourteen months in Missouri, and after returning was married to Marietta Black, of Liberty township. By this union Mr. Rogers allied himself with another notable family of Highland county. Mrs. Rogers is the daughter of John B. Black, who traces his ancestry back to Henry Black, a Scotch—Irishman, born in the north of Ireland January 16, 1727, who came to America, shared the pioneer work of his race on the frontier, and died in Rockingham county, Va., October 2, 1819. His wife was Susannah McClain, born January 14, 1726, died December 8, 1812. Their son, John Black, born July 27, 1766, in Rockingham county,. Va, maried Alice Boyd, born August 4, 1767, in the same county, and they passed their lives there, the husband dying June 10, 1839, and the wife August 21, 1811. Their son, John B. Black, born in Rockingham county, Va., January 29,   454 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   1809, came to Hillsboro in 1840, taught school for a while, on May 19, 1842, married Paulina, daughter of William and Susan (Walker) Lyle, old and respected residents of Highland county, and afterward purchased a farm two miles east of .Hillsboro, which was his home until his death, January 12, 1885. His only child is Marietta, born March 7, 1846, and now the wife of A. T. Rogers., After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. A. T. Rogers made their home on a place two miles east of Hillsboro, where they spent seven years. and then returned to the old family homestead in Madison township. After a residence there of seven years, Mr. Rogers bought the 144 acres in New Market township where he has made his home. This place he has greatly improved and and up in modern style, among "the additions being a fine barn and house with all the approved con., veniences. He .is an up-to-date .farmer and makes a specialty of raising Jersey cattle, of which favorite dairy breed he has a herd that will compare with the best in the county. Like his ancestors back to its first organization, he is a member of the Republican party, and at present he holds the office of justice of the peace. He and wife had six children:, Effie M., a school teacher ; Clarence B., who died while attending school at Oxford ; Roy S., at home; Helen, wife of W. E. Noftsger, of New Market township; Stanley L. and Julia. The family are all members of the Presbyterian church; in which Mr. Rogers holds the office of elder.   Pinckney C. Robinson, merchant, of Pricetown, traces his genealogy to one of the oldest of pioneer families of Ross county. His grandfather, Minott Robinson, a native of Massachusetts, came with his parents to Ross county as early as 1803 and from that time for many years afterward Was identified with the affairs of Ross and Highland counties. He married Sophia Haines and located in Huntington township, Ross county, where he carried on farming and coopering until he passed away near Taylorsville, Ohio in his seventy-third year, long outliving his wife, who died at the age of sixty-eight. Of their ten children William, Thomas and James are dead ; the living are Henry, Mary, Maria, John, Elizabeth, Charles and MeAdow. Henry Robinson, eldest of the children, was born in Ross county, Ohio, April, 9, 1828, qualified himself for teaching as ti he grew up and followed that occupation several years after leaving school. After his marriage to Mrs. Mary A. Kellenberger he engaged in farming and continued that pursuit until 1866, when he removed to Highland county and settled at Taylorsville. The family spent twenty years in and around this town where the mother died, leaving the following children; Lucy, wife of George W. Pulliam of Hamer township, the subject of this sketch ; and Malissa, wife of J. W. Mahaffey, of Hillsboro. Pinckney C. Robinson, second in age of these children, was born in Huntington township, Ross county, Ohio,   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 455   September .19, 1854, and as he grew up received an unusually thorough education. Besides his earlier discipline in the district schools, he attended the Hillsboro high school and took a course at the Normal university in Lebanon. For about nine years after leaving college, he taught school in Highland and Fayette ,counties, achieving high reputation as an educator and winning a ten-years, state certificate. In 1888, he embarked in. general merchandise at Pricetown, and three years later ho was married to Elsie, daughter of James and Virginia Smith. Since then he has been a resident householder at Pricetown and has continued his mercantile business with success. He has been honored with official positions as township clerk and treasurer. Mr. and -Mrs. Robinson have three children, Fronia, Henry G. and Hubert. The family are communicants of the Christian church and Mr. Robinson is a member of the lodge of Modern Woodmen of America at Pricetown.   Lines Robison is one of the farmers of New Market township whose first Ohio ancestor moved in long before Highland county was organized. His great-grandfather, Thomas Robison, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, came from Westmoreland county, Pa., as early as 1800, settled in New Market, and purchased four hundred acres of land which is still in possession of his descendants. This ancestor married twice and had two families of children, George, William, Susan, Jane and. Elizabeth by the first, and Robert, Nancy and Sally by the second, union. George Robison, eldest of all the children, was born in Pennsylvania in 1790 and consequently was a lad of about ten years When he accompanied his parents down the great river to the land of promise in the Ohio wilderness. After he grew up he met and married Margaret Hunter, who was also an immigrant from Pennsylvania somewhat later than the Robisons. He served as a soldier in the war of 1812, spent the whole of his subsequent life on the farm in New Market township and died in 1861, in the seventy-first year of his age. His six children, all long since dead, were Thomas, George, Robert, John, Nancy and Margaret. George Robison, Jr., second of these children, remained at home until a few years before his marriage to Jane, daughter of Alexander and Elizabeth Morrow. They settled on the old home place and became the parents of seven children, of whom Thomas A., Robert W. and Margaret L. have passed away. Those living are Granville, on the old home farm Lines, subject of this sketch Ephraim, who resides with the latter and William A., of Highland county. Their father at one time was an extensive land owner, held most of the minor township offices and died at the age of seventy-eight, his wife surviving him and expiring in her eighty-second year. Lines Robison, the third of their children, was born in New Market township, Highland county, Ohio, November 19, 1841. He lives now on land   456 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   purchased by his great-grandfather over a hunyearsyearS ago, and his birth occurred on the farm adjoining. He grew up on this place, worked out during the crop seasons and in winter picked up a fair English education in the neighborschoolshcols. He was in his twentieth year when the 'opening of the civil war electrified the country and speedily made up his mind to do what he could for the Union cause. In the summer of 1861 the First regiment Ohio volunteer cavalry was organized, first of its kind in the state and later one of the crack regiments of the whole army. He enlisted in Compan H, which was commanded by Capt. ,Martin Buck, and with it was sent into Tennessee, where he participated in all the marching and fighting of the regiment during the subsequent campaigns, making an excellent record and enduring the hardships of. war. He was confined in hospitals three different times on account of diseases incident to army lfe. After muster out, in October, 1864, he returned home and resumed his occupation of farming, subsequently going to Illinois, where he spent about eighteen months. Since his return to Ohio, he has lived on his farm in New Market township, engaged in general agriculture and stock-raising.   William Roush, Sr., well known as teacher and farmer, is descended from one of the earliest and strongest family connections that settled in the original New Market township, which was much larger then than now. About 1810, John, Henry and Philip Roush, all with large families, moved in and made a very desirable acquisition to the population. They were Pennsylvanans and had first settled in Adams county, Ohio, where they spent some time before coming to Highland. Philip Roush married Mary Pence and had eight children, of whom Allen, Nathaniel, Polly, George, William and Lydia have passed away. The two living are John, who resides near Fairview, and Catherine, who married John Kesler a.nd is a resident of Russell,. Ohio. George Roush, fourth of the children in age, was born in Adams county, February 15, 1808, and remained at home until he reached his majority. About that time he married Rachel Tedrick, a native of Virginia who had been reared in Highland county by her parents, George and Mary Tedrick. With his bride he occupied a farm recently purchased near Russell Station in Union township, where they spent four or five years, and then trferredrred. their residence to New Market township. Here the husband had bought a place of 120 acres in the woods, on which he proceeded to erect a log cabin and go to clearing in true pioneer style. He prospered and at one time owned over 600 acres of land, but this was reduced before his death to about 400 acres. His wife died at the age of sixty-nine years and he married Lucinda Clark, of Adams county, who died. in 1900 without isue. The children. by the first   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 457   marriage were Abraham, of Kansas ; Frederick, of Union township ; Mary, wife of Eli Layman, of Hamer township; William, subject of this sketch ; Lydia, deceased, and Margaret (widow of Lewis Wil¬kin, deceased), residing at Hillsboro. William Roush, fourth of these children in age, was born in Highland county, April 28, 1837, on a farm adjoining the one in New Market township, where he now makes his home. As he grew up his ambition was to become a teacher, for which he qualified himself by attending school at Russellville and Fairview, Ohio. Afterward he taught several terms of school and on August 23, 1860, married Alcinda, daughter of William and Nancy Henry,' of Clinton county. In 1860 he located on the farm where he has since 'made his. residence and which he has greatly improved by the construction of a handsome dwelling-house with all the modern conveniences. Other improvements also have been made, such as necessary outbuildings and general repairs, which give Mr. Roush a neat and comfortable home. He .belongs to the Church of Christ and has held the offices of trustee and member of the school. board. Mr. and Mrs. Roush have had four children : Elva died after marrying D. C. Bond, of Clinton county ; Iva is the wife of Frank Hogsett, of Hillsboro ; Olive is the wife of C. A. Pence of Liberty ; Carey married Merty Robinson of Hillsboro.   George A. Ruble, a prominent farmer of White Oak township, is a descendant of William B. Ruble, a native of Virginia, who came to Ohio and settled in the woods of White Oak township about the year 1800. He cleared away the forests and established a farm, now known as the George Fender place, and, having married a Miss Surber, reared a family of ten children, all of whom are now deceased. Their names were John, Henry, George, Jackson, Katy, Lydia, Dollie, Madeline, Sally and Betsy. John, the eldest son, and father of the subject of this sketch, was born about 1805, on the farm where George A. Ruble now lives, and in early manhood he married Sarah Coffman, daughter of another family of early settlers. They began housekeeping on what' is now known as the Andrew Ruble farm, and a, few years later moved to the Coffman farm. Subsequently John Ruble bought and moved upon a farm in Clay township, where he and- his wife both died in the spring of 1845. They had ten children: Jacob, deceased ; Joseph, living in Pike county, Ill. ; John W., of Salem township ; George A. ; 'William, deceased ; H. W., of Kansas; Isaiah, of Minnesota; Sarah A., of Pike county, Ill. ; Delina and Rachel, deceased. George A. Ruble . was born September 7, 1836, on the farm in White Oak township now owned by Surber & Sauner, and at nine years of age was left an orphan by the death of his parents. He was reared at the home of John Coffman to the age of twenty-one years, after which he. found employment as a farm   458 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   laborer for a short time. In January, 1858, he was married to Ann Davidson, who was born and reared in White Oak township, daugh ter of Benjamin and Amelia Davidson, and of a prominent and of family in Highland county. They have ever since made their home except for two years in Clay township, at their present home, an seven children have been born to them: Amelia, wife of Josep Haller, of White Oak township; William, of Clinton county; Frank, of White. Oak ; John, deceased ; Cora, wife of Walter Larick, o White Oak; Altha, wife of 'McPherson Purdy, of Mowrystown, an one who died in infancy. In the time of the war of the rebellio Mr. Ruble tendered his services to his, country, enlisting October 1 1862, in. Company D, Eighty-eighth regiment, Ohio volunteer infan try. They were mustered in at Camp Chase, and assigned to dut guarding prisoners at various places in Illinois and West Virginia. After a faithful performance of such duties as were assigned him, Mr. Ruble was honorably discharged July 3, 1865, when he returne home and resumed his work as a farmer. He and wife are members of the Christian church to which he has belonged for fifty years, an Mrs. Ruble about fifty-five years. In politics Mr. Ruble is a Repu lican. He voted for Abraham Lincoln and has not missed an election since 1860.   William B. Ruble, of Clay township, a well-known farmer and stockraiser and former trustee of the township, was born there, upon the farm now owned by James Reedy, December 25, 1839. His family began in America with Balser Ruble, who came to Richmond, Va., a century or more ago, from Germany, with his parents. Balser, in the course of his work as a stone mason, helped build the capitol of the Old Dominion. He married Mary Surber, also a native of Germany, and fourteen children were born to them—Katie, Dollie, Sally, Betsy, John, Henry, George, Jackson, and Polly, and five who died young. About 1805 or 1806 the family moved to Knoxville, Tenn.:, and after a stay of no great time they moved on to Manchester, Ohio, and from there to Taylorsville, where Balser Ruble purchased a farm and passed the remainder of his days. He died at the age of ninety-seven years and his wife at the age of ninety-three. He had the pleasure, in 1811, of seeing the first steamboat descend the Ohio river. Henry Ruble, son of Balser, was born in 1807, during the sta.y of the family at Knoxville, and was reared mainly in Ohio. At twenty years of age he participated in the adventurous mercantile journeys of that day, going with a trading boat down the Ohio and Mississippi to New Orleans. It was two years before he returned, and subsequently he was married to Betsey Overstake, a native of Brown county, Ohio. They went to housekeeping on a farm near Taylorsville, and three years later began   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 459   clearing away the dense forest about the little log cabin they built on the farm now owned by James Reedy in Clay. township. Here and at their former home six children were born to them: Sarah, wife of William Coffman, of Hillsboro; Cynthia, wife of S. A. Lyons, of Buford; Ellen, wife of M. J. Pulliam, of Salem township ; William B., whose names begins this sketch; Elizabeth, wife of. A. D. Wiggins, of Hillsboro, and Mary, wife of L. R. Duckwall, of Hillsboro, Ohio. Moving from the farm they cleared, they resided about five years on a farm, on White Oak creek in Clay township, and then in 1852 bought the farm, where William B. Ruble now lives. When Henry Ruble died, at the age of eighty-six years, he was the owner of two hundred acres of good land, and was a worthy and respected citizen. He and his wife rest from their labors, and their mortal remains are interred in Buford cemetery. William B. Ruble, the only son of Henry, was educated in his youth in the district schools of the county, and when a young man, ready to begin the duties of manhood, he married Lucinda Overstake, a native of Highland county. They began their home life on the farm where ,they now reside, and where they have passed many happy and prosperous years. Mr. Ruble is the owner of three hundred and twenty acres of valuable land, and in addition to farming he has been notably successful in the rearing of livestock, especially of Short-horned cattle and Duroc hogs. He is a member of the Church of Christ, in politics is a Democrat, and he has been honored with the office of township trustee for six years. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Ruble, Henry B., and William H., both of whom are living under the parental roof.   George Sams, for many years a well known and highly esteemed citizen of Brush Creek township, was born in Pennsylvania, November 18, 1805. He was the son of Andrew Sams, a Pennsylvanian by birth, who served his country as a soldier in the war of the Revolution during two terms of nine months, and the eldest son of this patriot by his marriage to his second wife, Margaret. The latter died in Brush Creek township, at the age of eighty-seven years. The second son, Abram, died in: early manhood ; a daughter, Mary, married Isaac Oakes, of Highland county, and died in Iowa, and Catherine married and went west. George Sams married Lydia Milburn, daughter of Thomas Milburn, whose father was a Revolutionary soldier, and they reared a large family of children—Abram, now a farmer near Dallas postoffice ; Sallie, wife of T. G. Hoggard, of Hillsboro; Andrew J., of Paint township ; George, a farmer in Iowa ; Lydia, wife of Joseph Johnson, of Chillicothe; James G., of Brush Creek township ; Dr. Samuel Gordon Sams, who died in Iowa in 1900; Annie, Esther Ann, Thomas and Emmeline died young.   460 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   George Sams was a shoemaker by trade, and with great industry and devotion to the interests of his family, followed farming by day and often labored at his trade by night, by such efforts becoming the owner of about six hundred acres of land. He and his family resided in. Brush Creek township from 1834, and he lived to the age of fifty-nine years and his wife to seventy-four. He was a man of deep religious faith as well as business energy, and was one of the most devoted members of the Methodist church.   James G. Sams, of Brush Creek township, a son of George Sams, was educated in the district school and in early manhood married Lucinda Bell Lucas, who was born and reared in Brush Creek township, daughter of Elijah and Amanda Lucas, and connected with a wide spread and prominent Ohio family. She died August 28, 1890, having been the mother of four children: Maggie, deceased; Bessie L., Birches E., and John a At a later date Mr. Sams married Sallie M. Lucas, sister of his deceased wife, and they have had two children : one who died in infancy, and Faith W. Mr. Sams is the owner of a hundred acres of valuable land, and is quite successful in the pursuits of agriculture and the raising of live stock. He has rendered creditable official service as a member of the school board; is a member of the Odd Fellows lodge, No. 211, at Petersburg, and in. politics is a Democrat.   Andrew J. Sams, one of the elder sons of George Sams, is one of the prominent farmers of Paint township, owning four hundred acres in that and Marshall townships, two hundred and eighty acres of which was part of the David Reece estate, where Senator Joseph B. Foraker was reared. Andrew J. was. born in Brush Creek township, January 14, 1835, and received his education: in the district school. In early manhood he married Ruth Ann, daughter of George and Mary (Frump) Bell. Mr. Sams, father was born in Morgantown, Va., in 1780 and died in Brush Creek township in 1877, at the remarkable age of ninety-seven years. Her mother was a native of Delaware. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Sams are, Oliver Newton Sams, prosecuting attorney of Highland county; George Oscar, farming in Paint township;. Mary, who died at the age of eighteen ; Edmund M., insurance broker in New York; Eldora, wife. of Robert H. Lucas, of Marshall township; Leslie, who died at three years; Clarence Delaplane, farming with his father and Elsie, wife of Roscoe West, a farmer of Liberty township. Mr. and Mrs. Sams are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Rainsboro, Ohio.   Mrs. David Sanders, of Leesburg, is one of those energetic,. resourceful women of strongly marked character and executive abil-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 461   ity, who always become notable figures in the communities where they reside. They are needed to push along all good causes, from the building of a church or school house on one hand to the suppression of all sorts of organized vice on the other. They are the first in the sick room "where pain and anguish rack the brow"; they are foremost in meeting the calls for charity ; they can be relied upon to aid in every movement that makes for cleanliness or righteousness. Mrs. Sanders comes naturally by her strong traits, as she. comes from sturdy old pioneer stock who learned self-sacrifice and how to provide in the bitter school of experience. She is one of the few living descendants of James Johnson, who came out from Virginia in the olden days and helped the vanguard of civilization fight against the savage beasts and still more savage Indians that were then thick in Ohio from Lake Erie to the great river. This first corner left a son named Boling A. Johnson, who was born September 17, 1818, married Angeline, daughter of Daniel Pavey, and reared a family of children. One of these was Armilda Johnson, who became Mrs. David. Sanders, the subject of this sketch. At the time of her birth, in 1848, the parents were living in Fayette county and her early education was obtained there, supplemented by attendance later at the Holbrook academy at Lebanon. After leaving this institution, she returned home and spent some time on the farm, assisting in the household duties and indulging in restful vacation from, study. -In 1876 she was married to David Sanders, and of late years she has resided at Leesburg, where she has identified herself thoroughly with the social and religious activities of the place. Mrs. Sanders is a conspicuous member of the Order of the Eastern Star and treasurer of the Woman,s Foreign Missionary society. Much of her time, also, is occupied with regular business, for which she shows a remarkable aptitude. She has only one child, a daughter named Lucile A., and the family is one of the most popular in the pretty village of Leesburg.   George W. Sanders, well, known as farmer and stock raiser, comes of one of the old families of New Market township who took part in its first settlement and development. It was about the year 1810 that John and Annie (Woodruff) Sanders came from their home in Northumberland county, Pa., in search of better fortunes in the rapidly developing state of Ohio. They selected New Market township as a. favorable spot and there the head of the house purchased 149 acres of land, to which in later years he added considerably more and owned at one time several hundred acres. They were old school Baptists and John Sanders donated land and constructed a church of that denomination at his own expense. He also gave ground for a cemetery, and there his own remains were laid to rest when he died at the age of eighty-two, followed a few years later by   462 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   his wife, who expired in her eighty-eighth year. The children of these old settlers, all long since dead, were Jacob, Dennis, Rachel A. and Oliver H. The latter was born February 2, 1820, on the homestead farm where he was reared and spent all the days of his life. He married. Eliza Vance, of Uniontown, Pa., and spent a peaceful existence in the cultivation of his farm and raising and dealing in stock. He was sixty-six years old when laid to rest, and when his faithful wife expired some years later her remains were deposited by his side in the old family burying-ground. Of their eight children only two survive—John V. and, the subject of this sketch. The dead are Hugh, Polly A., Samuel, Dennis E., Margaret and Joseph. George W. Sanders, sixth in age of the children, was born in New Market township, Highland county, Ohio, February 1, 1854. He still lives in the house where his birth occurred, having made that his home from the beginning. While growing up he attended the neighborhood schools and between times assisted his father with the lighter work of the farm. When he reached the marriageable age he selected as companion for life Catherine Ferris, of one of the old families of Hamer township. After his union with this lady, the parents "set them up in housekeeping" on the place which without interruption has since remained their residence. Mr. Sanders owns two hundred acres of good land, well situated and kept in, excellent order for general farming and stock-raising. He served as constable of New Market township two terms and is a member of the New Market grange. He and his wife have two children, Mary E. and Nora F., both of whom remain at home.   The Sands Family, so long and favorably known at Hillsboro, may be said to' be unique 'in one respect, inasmuch as they have established records dating back for three centuries. Few families of this country are fortunate enough to make such a claim, and possess a complete genealogical tree running back three hundred years or more in an unbroken series without a single "missing link." James Sands, who first established the family in the colonies, was a son of the Bishop of York, the name having been formerly Sandys and Sandes. James was born at Reading, Berkshire, England, in 1622 and emigrated to America in 1658. Two years later he was one of the colony who purchased Block Island, just east of Long Island, and he died in March, 1695. wife,sfe's name was Sarah, and to them were born, four sons and two daughters. John Sands, one of their sons, married Sybil, daughter of Simon Ray, and moved in 1691 to the north part of Cow Neck, where' he died in March, 1712, leaving four sons and as many daughters. The second John Sands, one of his sons, married Catherine, daughter of Robert Guthrie from Edinburg, Scotland, and granddaughter of Dr. Alcock, who came as physician to the colony that settled Boston. Joshua, the eighth   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 463   child of John Sands the second, was married in October; 1748, to Mary, daughter of Richard Smith, and located at Newburg, Orange county, N. Y., where he died in 1789, after rearing two sons and two daughters. John Wilkes, son of Joshua, married Catharine Tidd, by whom he had four sons and six daughters. His son and namesake, Joshua the second, eldest of the children, was born March 2, 1802, and married; August 9, 1827, to Betsey Cole, of Delaware county, N. Y. He resided at Elmira and elsewhere in New York until 1852, when he located at Five Mile Summit, Hocking county, Ohio. He was a railroad contractor and built a portion of the old Scioto & Hocking Valley railroad, losing heavily when the company in charge of that line failed. He had seven sons and three daughters, of whom there still live Alexander C., of Logan, Ohio ; Amelia Mariah, widow of Mark Horth, of Salamanca, N. Y. ; Clarissa Ann, wife of J. G. Brand, who has been in mission work at Tokio, Japan, for twenty-eight years and John Frederic. The latter was ,born February 7, 1841, at Elmira, N. Y., and began railroad work with the old Marietta. & Cincinnati, now the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, in 185.7. In October, 1895, after. remaining forty years in the employment of that company, he removed to Hillsboro to take charge of the United States express office at that place. June 23, 1863, he was married to Sarah Josephine, daughter of Joseph E.. and Julia A. (Lindley) Lange, of Napoleon, Ind. From this union came Clarissa, who died in childhood Frederic A., dispatcher for the Missouri Pacific railroad company in. Kansas ; John E., agent of the Baltimore & Ohio. railroad company at HMS-bon); William Peabody, chief dispatcher of the Mexican Central. railroad at Jimulco, Mexico Julia Ann, stenographer in Cincinnati; George Narumo,. with the Illinois Central railroad at St.. Louis and . Mary -Agnes, assistant manager of the Hillsboro Home telephone company. John E. Sands, third of the above enumerated children, was born January 29, 1869, in Zaleski, Vinton county, Ohio, and began railroad ,work with his father when thirteen years old. He took charge of the Hillsboro station of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad in January, 1897, and in the following November was married to Estelle, daughter of Henry and Martha (McFadden) Gallup, of Wilmington, Ohio. The Gallups are relatives of the Captain Gallup, of Revolutionary fame, to whose memory a memorial tablet has been erected at Stonington, Conn. Mr. Sands is a past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias,' belongs to all the Masonic bodies up to. and including the Knights Templar, is a member of the Benevolent. and Protective Order of Elks and the Modern Woodmen of America.. He and wife have one son, Carlos E., born October 18, 1898.   John Satterfield, former trustee and at present a justice of the peace of Jackson township, is a native of Adams county, and a,   464 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   descendant of pioneers of southern Ohio. His grandfather, James Satterfield, a native of Virginia, married in that state and came with his wife to Pike county, where he lived the remainder of his life, and reared a family of ten children—James, William, JoMazieazie, Elizabeth, Patsy, Fannie, Anna, Polly, and Thyrza. James Satterfield, the eldest son, born in Pike county, January 1, 1809, was married October 18, 1830, to Mahala Legg (born March 16, 1810), and they began their married life in Pike county, but soon bought a farm. in Adams county, where the husband and father lived to the age of seventy-seven years. mothertheF died at forty-three. They had ten children : Charles, born in 18nownomr living in Kansas; Francis, born. in 1834, deceased ; Thomas, born in 1836, also in Kansas ; Noble, born. in 1838; whose home is in Jackson township; Lewis, born in deceased ; Elizabeth, born in 1842, deceased; Sarah, born in 1845, deceased; Angenora, born in 1847, deceased; and John, the subjectthisthiS sketch. The latter was born on the home farm in Adams county, near Locust Grove, April 10, 1850. At seventeen years of age he went out to work at farming by the month, making his own way in the world, and in early manhood he was married to Rachel Beavers, a native of Pickaway county, Ohio. They began married life in Pickaway county, and afterward lived two years in Franklin county, Ohio. Four children. were born to them—Maggie, Blanche, James, and an infant unnamed, all of whom are deceased, and their mother died in 1882. Subsequently Mr. Satterfield was married to Sarah E Gall, of Jackson township, and they have three children: Harry, Homer, and William, who share their home. Mr. Satterfield has been engaged in general farming and stock raising since his residence in Jackson township, and has been honored with the office of trustee for several years, and that of justice of the peace for two terms. In 1890 he was the land appraiser of the township. He and wife are members of the Christian church and he follows the traditions of his family in maintaining a stanch allegiance to the Democratic party.   Stephen Sauner, one of the most prominent and prosperous citizens of White Oak township., now retired, came to. America in April, 1852, and reached Mow rystown fifty dollars in debt for his transportation. Since then he has been the owner of as much as seventeen hundred acres of land in the township, and has had a leading part in the affairs of his community. This worthy citizen was born in Alsace, France, July 15, 1830, son of George Sauner, a native of the same place. George Sauner was married three times and had nine children, Stephen being a son by the second marriage. He lived and died in the old country, but some of his sons, like Stephen, have become prosperous citizens of the United States. Stephen, on coming to White Oak township, where he was attracted by the old   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 465   French settlement, worked at farming by the month for something over three years, and then married Susan Gayman, a native of France and daughter of John Gayman, with whom he went to housekeeping on a rented farm near Taylorsville. Three years later they rented a farm near Mowrystown, known as the Trimble farm, and after six years he and a partner bought a farm of six hundred acres. Through his industry and good management he was able to 'buy out his partner, and later he added to his holdings a farm of 250 acres, where he now resides, and some time after another farm of 750 acres, near Taylorsville, where he lived for thirty-five years. After that he divided his land among his children and moved to his present home previously purchased as noted above. He has been honored for two terms with the office of township trustee, has served as school director a few years, and is a devoted member of the Presbyterian church, which he joined .at the age of fourteen years in France. The eleven children of Stephen Sauner are all living in White Oak township, and are counted among the most worthy people. They are, Sophia, wife of Lee Kay; Edward, Amelious, Lewis S., Frank; Anna, wife of Frank Ruble; Louise, wife of Scott Kay; Mary, wife of Sherman Underwood ; Lizzie, wife of William Windom ; Henry and Harry. Frank Sauner, a prosperous farmer and present township trustee, was born on the farm now owned by his brother Amelious, December 22, 1863. He was educated in the district schools, and in early manhood married Lillie Hoskinson, a native of Athens county, Ohio. Two years after their marriage he bought the farm where he now lives. He is the owner of two hundred acres of valuable land, and is successful as a fanner and stock raiser. In politics he is, like his father, a Democrat, and his religious affiliation is with the Presbyterian church. His home is blessed with four children : Bessie, Ina, Elza, and Ada.   Amelious Sauner, son of the foregoing, was born July 21, 1859, in the house where he now lives, and he was there reared, receiving his education in the district school. When he had attained manhood he married Ida J. Roberts, a. native of White Oak township, daughter of J. P. and Maria Roberts, and a member of one of the prominent old families of the county. They began housekeeping where they now reside, and in the course of the years that have followed six children have been born to them—Blanche C., Stephen H., Gary J., Marsena M., who are living at home; and Stella and Clara, deceased. Mr. Sauner has prospered as a farmer and stock raiser, giving special attention to the breeding, of Shorthorn cattle and Poland-China hogs, and he has added to his land possessions until he has four hundred acres. He is also active in business as a dealer in livestock of all kinds, and in the handling of brick and tile, with   H-30   466 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   headquarters at Mowrystown. Altogether he is one of the busies and most successful men of the township. Socially he has a wid circle of friends. He and wife are members of the Presbvterian church, in which his family has been prominent for many years, and in politics he is a Democrat.   Lewis S. Sauner, son of Stephen Sauner, a sketch of whom precedes this mention, is one of the prosperous farmers and influential citizens of White Oak township. He was born at the old Sauner homestead, June 29, 1861, and there reared and educated, attending, the district school and aiding in the work of the farm, and also attending school at T'aylorsville. In early manhood he was married to Altie E. Surber, who was born and reared in the same township, daughter of John P. and Jennie M. Surber, and descendant of one of the first settlers. They began their married life upon a farm adjoining the one where they now live, which he bought twelve years after their marriage. He has made all the improvements on this new home, and has one of the best equipped and managed farms in the neighborhood, a mere glance at which testifies to his skill as a husbandman. He is the owner of 350 acres, of valuable land, and in addition to farming raises livestock and deals in the same to a considerable extent. Mr. Sauner is a worthy member of the Christian church, in. politics is a Democrat, and enjoys the esteem of many friends. He has three children, all living at home Winnie L., Ora. C., and John Leroy.   Theodore F. Scott, M. D., one of the popular physicians of Lynchburg, where he has made many friends during his period of residence, is of Virginia descent and Ohio birth. His grandparents, John and Mary Scott, came from Scotland to Virginia in the early part of the nineteenth century. Their son, John F. Scott, was born in that state in 1818, migrated to Ohio in early manhood and subsequently married Catharine Erlougher, born in 1820 in Muskingum county. She was a daughter of Frank and Elizabeth Erlougher, who came from London, England, settled near Zanesville and besides Mrs. Scott reared a son named John and two daughters, who are now all dead. The children of John F. and Catharine (Erlougher) Scott were twelve in number, three sons and nine daughters. Anthony Scott, eldest of the family, was the first volunteer enrolled in the call for 75,000 troops made in April, 1861. He served three months as - major of the Fourth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry and upon re-enlistment was transferred to the Eighteenth regiment United States regular troops. The second of the children in order of birth was Mary Elizabeth, who married James Stevens, of Delaware, Ohio; next came Frances,wife of Lucien Derthick, of Lima; Helen, wife of Rev. G. W. Burns, minister of the Methodist Episcopal   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 467   church at Middleport, Ohio ; Theodore F., subject of this sketch; Josephine, wife of E. E. Gardner, of Hamler, Ohio; Anolia, wife of William Faze, of Columbus Grove, Ohio ; Iad, wife of Leroy Douglas, of Lima; Belle, Catharine, and Harry F. died in childhood, and Minnie M., who resides with her mother at Lima, Ohio. Theodore F. Scott, one of the three sons of this interesting family; was born November 5, 1850, and received his academical education in the schools of Sunbury and Delaware. As he grew up he went through a course of medical study and eventually began practice at Hamler, Ohio, subsequently following his profession at Fort Collins, Col. Returning from the west he spent some time at Lima. and then located in Cincinnati, where he attended lectures and graduated at the Medical Institute in the. class of 1890. In the following January Dr. Scott located at Lynchburg, where he has since remained and become one of the permanent fixtures of that prosperous town. His thirteen years, residence has given him a wide acquaintance, both professional and personal, and a corresponding degree of popularity in the country where he does business. March 2, 1871, he was married to Viola J., daughter of John and Hannah (Truax) Campton, formerly of Lima. Their only son, Wilmer, graduated in 1901 from the Lynchburg high school and is now going through a course of reading 'preparatory to becoming a practitioner of medicine.   The Scott Family :—The founder of the Highland county branch of this well known and influential connection was William Scott, a native of Peterboro, N. H., who when a small boy came with his mother to Franklinton, Ohio. David Scott, the husband and father, had preceded the family to the town mentioned, now a part of Columbus, where for many years he was a practicing attorney. William received a collegiate education, which was supplemented by a thorough study of the law, and in 1832 located at Hillsboro. There he practiced his profession with success and rose rapidly, being elected prosecuting attorney a year or two after his arrival and serving through 1834-5 with a decided addition to his reputation. As business increased, Mr. Scott engaged in brokerage and money lending, through which means he, accumulated a comfortable competency which at his death was bequeathed to his widow and children. He was a man of unostentatious demeanor, but possessed excellent qualities which made him beloved by his family and highly esteemed by his intimate friends. During the civil -war he was noted for the warmth of his patriotism and conscientious devotion to the Union cause. In 1862 he was appointed provost marshal for the district including Hillsboro, but on account of declining health was compelled to resign the position after a few months, to be succeeded by Joseph K. Marley. In many ways he made a. patriotic record, notably in paying for the equipment of a Hillsboro cavalry company   468 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   which, in his honor, was named the Scott Dragoons. In 1843 he was married to Elizabeth Jane, daughter of Dr. Samuel Parsons, of Columbus, which union resulted in the birth of a son and daughter. Samuel Parsons Scott, the only son and executor of his father,s estate, was born at Hillsboro, Ohio, and received as he grew to manhood an: excellent education, both academic and professional. He was graduated with high honors at the Miami university in 1866, subsequently applied himself assiduously to the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1868. Mr. Scott is indeed a gentleman of unusual accomplishments, having traveled extensively in Europe, acquiring a knowledge of several languages and written a volume entitled "Through Spain." He looks after the estate of his father, which includes numerous holdings of realty and constitutes one of the factors in the wealth and prosperity of the Highland city. In 1895 he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Robert B. and Mary (Woodbridge) Smart, of Chillicothe, and granddaughter of John Woodbridge. The family enjoy high social rank at Hillsboro.   James H. Sellers, proprietor of the marble works at Greenfield, is a factor in the religious, fraternal and industrial life of the city. The family are of Highland county, where his father, Grover C. Sellers, son of John H. Sellers, an old settler of Greenfield, was for a time engaged in the furniture business. In 1896 he concluded to change the character of his investment and embarked in the marble business at Greenfield, which. he followed until the time of his death. He was a steady and reliable citizen, took a lively interest in public matters, including politics, and contributed his full share toward the city,s industrial growth. Grover C. Sellers married Mary, daughter of John. Fullerton, by whom he reared a family of six children, who are in business at various points in Ohio. George C. Sellers is assistant cashier in. the First National bank of Wellston, and Otis Q. is engaged in the produce business at the same place. Carrie Marie Sellers lives in Dayton, Ohio, and her sister Ola. is the wife of Edward J. Pratt, a farmer residing near Granville, in Licking county. John F. follows the occupation of paper-hanging at Greenfield. James H. Sellers is next to the youngest of the children, and was born in Highland county and there grew up and received his education. He was not in business for himself until after his father,s death, when he took charge of the marble works in Greenfield and has since conducted the same successfully. Though he occasionally lends a hand in the political campaigns, Mr. Sellers is not an office seeker and does not allow politics to interfere with business. He holds membership in the First Baptist church at Greenfield and is prominent in the Sunday school work. His influence is always thrown to the right side of good causes and he aids as far as lies in his power every movement for the advancement of the moral   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 469   welfare of the community. His fraternal connections are confined to the Odd Fellows and he is a member of the encampment of that order.   Ben Ami Selph, a large land-owner and one of the representative farmers of Highland county, is of pioneer descent through Virginian parentage. Coleman Selph, son of a physician in King and Queen county, Va., was born in 1803, was married in Rockbridge of the same state, to Mary Heck, and migrated to Highland county in 1829. He located first not far from the source of Fall creek and next year bought; a tract of one hundred acres of land in Penn township, a mile south of the village of Samantha, where his second oldest son, Eli B. Selph, still resides.' The mother died on this place in 1880 and her husband passed away August 1, 1882. Their children, aside from the one above mentioned, were John, who died at the age of twenty-three years ; Elizabeth, widow of Charles Evans, who is farming several miles north of Hillsboro ; Cynthia, widow of Daniel Thorp, formerly of Hillsboro ; David, a retired farmer of Hillsboro; Ben Ami, who is fully noticed below; Amanda, who married Madison Boatright and died in Liberty township in 1865 ; and Hester, who died when twenty-three years old. Ben Ami Selph, the youngest of the sons, was born, in Highland county, Ohio, July 12, 1838, and went through the usual vicissitudes of a farmer’s boy in his passage by way of schools and farm work to manhood,s estate. He has been a farmer all his adult life and a good one, managing well and working hard with the result that he now owns the tract of 376 acres formerly taken up by John Matthews, who about 1825 erected the brick residence in which Mr. Selph and family now reside. He also owns 330 acres of fine farm land in Dodson township. The fine farm. he resides on is situated three miles north of Hillsboro, near Clear creek. On August 16, 1864, he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and Sarah (Houston) Robb, who were early settlers in Clermont county, and the offspring of this union are: Coleman Emmett, who married Elizabeth Keeler and lives in Covington, Ky. ; Georgia, wife of Carey McConnaughey, a farmer of Dodson township:, Auta N., wife of Dr. George Groth, a practicing dentist at Hillsboro ; Pearl, who graduated as a trained nurse from the Jewish hospital of Cincinnati and resides in Kentucky, Arlington and Vesta, at home. These children, so far as they have branched out in business, have exhibited unusual talent in their respective lines of employment and give bright promise of future success.   Giles W. Setty has long been favorably known in his native county of Highland as a. soldier who did his duty during the civil war and as an industrious citizen since the close of the great conflict. His father, Christopher Setty, was a native of Virginia who came west   470 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   in the early part of the last century to cast his lot with the ever increasing army then engaged in making the great state of Ohio. Being a poor man, with little capital. aside from his ability and disposition to work, he had a long and hard straggle to gain a foothold, but eventually succeeded in accumulating a creditable competence. He settled in Brush Creek township, Highland county, bought thirty acres in the woods, built a round log cabin with one room and set to work hewing and felling, grubbing and clearing until he had a habitable abode. By saving and industry he managed to add to his little place from time to time, and his holdings amounted to 123 acres when at the age of eighty-three he closed his earthly career. Before leaving Virginia he had .married Margaret Shoemaker, who shared the toils and struggles of his western home and made him the father of fourteen children. Of these thirteen grew to maturity, twelve married and reared families, five are now dead and seven living in different parts of the country. Levina, the eldest, is the widow of John Setty, and resides in Brush. Creek township; Amy is the widowed wife of William Hottinger of Adams county; Levi resides on the old homestead; John lives in .Jackson township; Elizabeth is the widow of David Kessler, of Marshall township ; Anthony G. is a resident of Adams county, and Sanford E. is a farmer in North Dakota. The children who are dead include Malinda, who married Thomas Gall; Mary, wife of N. Glaima,ima, wife of Adam Stults; Abraham, who was thrown by a horse and killed at the age of nineteen; and one who died in infancy. Giles W. Setty, one of the living children not enumerated above, was born in Brush . Creek township, Highland county, Ohio, September 6, 1843. In those days they still had the old fashioned subscription schools and to one of .these, a mile from his home, Mr. Setty used to walk in his boyhood or . the purpose of gleaning such crumbs of knowledge as were dispensed by the pedagogue in charge. When he was well on towards manhood the civil war interrupted the even tenor of his way and like other patriotic boys of the time he was anxious to take part in the fighting. As his youth caused parental objection, he ran away from home one day and, hunting up a recruiting officer, enrolled his name on the list of Company D, Sixtieth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry. Under command of Col. William H. Trimble this regiment was sent to the Shenandoah. valley in the spring of 1862 to join Fremont in. his pursuit of Stonewall Jackson. It fought well at Cross Keys and other engagements of that campaign and was among the unfortunates who got caught in that "man trap,"Harper's Ferry had before been called by General Joe Johnston, and were forced after four days' fighting, to surrender to the redoubtable Jackson. They were sent to the parole camp at Annapolis, Md., and subsequently to Camp Douglass, Chicago, where they were mustered out of the service. But. Mr. Setty had not had enough of war and   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 471   July 15, 1863, he enlisted in Company E, First regiment Ohio heavy artillery, with which he served until the close of hostilities. This command was sent to Knoxville, Term., in the winter of 1864, and later accompanied Stonemen on his raid into southwest Virginia. Mr. Setty was detailed as a scout. in Georgia, North Carolina and East Tennessee and obtained his discharge in August, 1865. After returning home he was married September 10th to Ruth A., daughter of William and Harriet Riser, of Brush Creek township. He rented his father,s farm for a year and then spent two years in Fayette county, after which he put in three years on a farm in Jackson township., Highland county. His next move was to Adams county, where he bought a farm and managed it four years, and this was followed by a purchase of sixty acres in Paulding county.. This proved a disastrous' venture, as he lost all he had in a two years, trial there, which caused him to return to Highland county and begin again as a renter. In. 1888 Mr. Setty located on the sixty-three acres of land, where he has since resided, engaged in general farming and stock-raising. By his first marriage he had six children: George W., a machinist in Chicago ; Evan M., a carpenter also of Chicago ; Albert D.., resident of Highland county; Ora A., in the quartermaster,s department of the regular army, stationed at New Orleans ; Hattie A. and Eva M., wife of Walter Brock, of Highland county. The first wife dying in March, 1897, Mr. Setty married Mrs. Lizzie Gordon, widow of Edward Gordon and daughter of Lewis Eckert. Mr. Setty has held several offices in the county and township and has always given satisfaction. He served three terms as assessor and two terms as constable of Paint township. He has been school director for many years, and in 1898 was elected one of the members of the board of commissioners of Highland county. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, the Union Veterans, Union, Odd Fellows lodge at New Petersburg, and Rainsboro post, Grand Army of the Republic.   The Shaffer family, one of. the oldest, has also long been one of the most numerous and influential, social connections in the county of Highland. Its members have been prominently identified with the political, military and industrial history of the county since its organization, nearly one hundred years ago. Many of them have achieved distinction both' in war and peace, filled various offices of trust and profit, and in all the relations of life displayed the qualities of good. citizenship. The founders of this family in America were Theobald and Catharine (Kissinger) Shaffer, who came from Germany in the first half of the eighteenth century and settled in Maryland, on Antietam creek, near where, over a hundred years later, the terrible battle was fought between the Union and Confederate forces. This German couple had twelve children, and 'among 472 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND.   them Andrew Shaffer, who was born at the Maryland home about the year 1757, and served in the Continental army, being wounded in the battles of Bunker Hill and Brandywine. In 1780 he was married to Martha Stroup, whose brothers, Anthony and Michael, afterward figured so conspicuously in the early settlement of that part of Highland county included in New Market township. During the twenty-five years succeeding their marriage, Andrew and Martha Shaffer had eleven children, two of whom died in infancy, and the surviving nine came with their parents to Ohio in 1805. Owing to the fact that the brothers of Mrs. Shaffer had located in Highland county, the family were induto alsoalso make their investments in that part of Ohio, and after a tedious journey of five weeks arrived at New Market in the early part of October. The names of the nine Shaffer children in this party were Andrew, Adam, Susie, Jacob, George, John, Daniel, Jonas, Nancy, and another son, Samuel, was born after the emigration to Highland county. With the Shaffers came Adam Arnold and family, making a colony of twenty persons, and the newness of the county at that time may be realized when it is stated that the incoming Marylanders were obliged to cut their way between Chillicothe and New Market through the woods. After remaining in New Market nearly a year, Andrew Shaffer settled in the eastern edge of what is now Hamer township, where he had bought two hundred and fifty acres of land. Here he died in 1855 at the age of ninety-four years. George Shaffer, fifth of his above mentioned children, became quite prominent in the affairs of Highland county, being especially conspicuous in military affairs as colonel of a rifle corps. He was born near Hagerstown, Maryland, June 17, 1792, and in 1815, ten years after his arrival in Ohio, was married to Elizabeth Mason, whose parents were substantial people from Virginia, who settled first in Ross and later came to Highland county. Colonel George Shaffer and his brother Jacob. started a distillery in 1813, and for a while were quite prosperous from the business of fattening hogs and making bacon. It is related that on one occasion the elder brother took a cargo of their bacon to the Kanawha region, exchanged it for salt and on his return sold the latter for a thousand dollars. Adam. Shaffer, another of these brothers and second in age of the nine children who came from Maryland, married Catherine Roush, by whom he had fourteen children, including eleven boys and three girs. . Henry Shaffer, one of the sons of the last mentioned couple, was born in Highland county, Ohio, August 30, 1824. In early manhood he sought to better his fortunes by becoming a citizen of Kansas, but this venture proving a disappointment he returned to his native county and purchased a farm of 100 acres in Dodson township. In addition to his farm work he embarked in the manufacture of tile and continued in business until 1901, when he sold all but ten acres of his land and retired from   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 473   active agricultural pursuits. January 11, 1846, Mr. Shaffer was married to Lydia, daughter of Solomon Sprinkle, a pioneer of Brush Creek township, who proved a most faithful and affectionate wife during the many years they lived togther. In after life, Mr. Shaffer used to enjoy telling of the rough experiences which followed his wedding; how they started to open a new home in the unbroken forest and camped oat the first night under the friendly limbs of a giant oak. The twelve children of Henry. and Lydia Shaffer are thus recorded : Alexander, the first born, died in Illinois of the milk sickness at the age of twenty-two ; Noah is farming in Dodson township ; Elmira married L. G. Roads of Van Buren, Indiana;. A. Pierce is a mechanic at Allensburg ; Clinton, a brickmaker, resides with his father; Samuel S. and Jerome are farming near Jadden, Indiana; George W. is a resident. of Hillsboro ; Cyrus and Alvin C. both own good farms in Dodson township; Alice is the wife of R. A. Davidson., of Columbus, and Albert died in Kansas at the age of six years. George W. Shaffer, eighth of the above mentioned , children, was born on the family homestead in Highland county, Ohio, October 16, 1863, and as he grew up was trained to all sorts of work on the farm. Being bright and ambitious he was assiduous in his studies while attending the district schools and subsequently took a course in the excellent high school in Hillsboro.. After leaving the latter institution Mr. Shaffer devoted his time to teaching during fourteen consecutive winters, finding occupation in the summer seasons by making brick and doing contract work. In the fall of 1898 he was elected auditor of Highland county and discharged. the duties of his office so satisfactorily that he was rewarded, in. 1901 by re-election for a second term of three years. Decem ber 29, 1898, Mr. Shaffer was married to Callie, daughter of Frank Shaffer, of Clinton county, who, though bearing the same name as. that of her husband, is of an entirely distinct family.   James E. Shannon, of Washington township, was born April 22, 1864, on the farm where he now lives. He is the son, by the second marriage, of James R. Shannon, of whom a -sketch is' given herewith. He was reared at the old home, and given an education in the district school, and when he had attained manhood he was married to Eva Lewis, who was born and reared in Concord township, the daughter of Milton and Lavina (Hetherington) Lewis, both of old and respected Highland county families. Mr. Shannon and wife began housekeeping at the old home place, where they have since remained, and he is now the owner of 153 acres of good land, and is known as one of the most intelligent and enterprising of the younger farmers of the township. His home has been blessed with one child, Lewis. Erwin. James R. Shannon, father of the foregoing, was born in Washington county, Pa., May 11, 1811. His father was Joseph.   474 - THE COUNTY OF HIGHLAND   Shannon, a native of Ireland, who emigrated to Pennsylvania, and married Temperance Tolbert, a native of that state. Twelve children were born to them : James R., Benjamin, Samuel P., Joseph, Alexander, Thomas, Nancy, Rebecca, Eliza, Ruth, and Margaret, part of whom are yet living, in various states, as far west as the Pacific, coast. Joseph Shannon came west with his wife and the children then born, a few years after his marriage, and settled in Morgan county, where they lived until about 1840, when they moved to Washington township, Highland county, Ohio) where he bought a farm of about a hundred acres, and this the home of the parents until their death. In his youth Joseph Shannon was a sailor, and in the war of 1812 he was a. soldier of the republic. James R. Shannon, the eldest son, worked out by the month for a few years in his youth and early manhood, and then married Julia A. Anderson, a native of Maryland, with whom he began housekeeping in Morgan county. About 1838 they removed to Highland county, settling in what was then Jackson township, now Washington, where he bought a farm of 125 acres. The children born to them were Derinda, deceased.; Wells T., of Washington township; Joseph, Lucetta and Hula, deceased; Rebecca, wife of William Nye of Adams township ; Mar-, tha, deceased ; Elizabeth, wife of Charles Lewis, of Concord, and three who died young. After the death of the mother of these children Mr. Shannon married Harriet Courtney, and had one child, James E., previously mentioned. James R. was a devout Christian and one of the leading members of the Methodist church. He died at the age of eighty-nine years. Wells T'., the eldest surviving child of James R. Shannon, was born near McConnellsville, Morgan county, September 4, 1836, and after coming with his parents to Highland county, was married to Sarah E., daughter of David and Julia (West) Mullenix, of Liberty township. A few years after marriage he bought 125 acres nearly all wild land, which he cleared and has made one of the neatest farms and homes of the township. By his first marriage he had four children : Mary E. and Julia. A., deceased ; Mattie R., wife of W. C. Hudson, of Athens, Ohio, and. Hattie, who died young. The mother of these died in 1871, and afterward Mr. Shannon wedded Serena, daughter of James P. Miler, of Liberty township, who at one time represented Highland county in the legislature. Six children were born to the second marriage: Joseph E., of Washington township; Emma J., wife of William Trump, of Marshall township; Stella and Cora, and two deceased. For a number of years Mr. Shannon was a merchant and postmaster at Folsom, and he has served as justice of the peace one term and school director over twenty years. He is a member of the Masonic order and of the Methodist church.