(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) ASHTABULA, GEAUGA AND LAKE COUNTIES, OHIO JOSHUA REED GIDDINGS, one of the eminent statesmen of America and prominent in the ante-bellum anti-slavery Movement, was an honored resident of Jefferson, Ashtabula county. He was a native of Pennsylvania, born at Tioga Point, Bradford county, of Connecticut parents and of remote English ancestry. When he was six weeks old the family moved to Canandaigua, New York, and when he was ten years of age they settled in the heart of the Connecticut Western Reserve, in Wayne township, Ashtabula county, where their life and experiences were those common to western pioneers; but the members of this family were of broader intellect and more liberal and cosmopolitan views than most of their neighbors. Joshua grew up there, as a personal friend described him, " a tall, raw, shapeless boy, with pleasant face, frolicsome gray eyes and an abundance of light, curly hair that grew dark-fairish till the sun tanned him." Having great ambition and a studious and capacious mind, he attained that extraordinary manhood of which we so often read in the life of great men. He became great in spite of untoward circumstances,—yea, on account of them. He read everything he could get hold of, and thoroughly digested everything he read, no matter how abstruse. When, during the war of 1812, Detroit and all Michigan were surrendered by General Hull to the British, Giddings, though only sixteen years of age, joined Colonel Hayes' regiment and marched to the Huron and on to the stockade, later famous under the name of Fort Stephenson. Very soon he volunteered to engage in two attacks upon hostile Indians near Sandusky Bay, in which he behaved gallantly. The Indians left the peninsula never to trouble it again. These two skirmishes were the first engagements. fought in Ohio during the war of 1812, and were overlooked by all historians of the war until, in 1813, Mr. Giddings himself contributed an account of them to the public. Five months after enlistment Mr. Giddings was mustered out of the service with his regiment and returned to his home life. At the age of nineteen years he taught school in his neighborhood. At the age of twenty-three he made choice of his life work, entering the law office of Elisha Whittlesey, of Canfield, Ohio, as a student. Whittlesey was a good preceptor, and Giddings made the most of this advantage. Admitted to the bar in 1821, he began practice at Jefferson, 126 -BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY his home and the county seat, and thus continued until he entered Congress in 1838, never to resume it. To all intents and purposes he abandoned its practice forever. No lawyer could have made better arguments in court than he did in Congress when discussing the legal and constitutional bearings of the slavery question, nor more moving appeals at nisi prius than were his in behalf of the same cause from stump and rostrum; but all those efforts contributed to his reputation as a statesman more than as a lawyer. In those days the court-room was a place for the display of ready wit and eloquence far more than at the present day, and the practice he had, and the customs he observed at the bar, constituted a school to train and discipline the young man for his day in the American parliament. According to the old maxim, both himself and the times fitted each other, and to a great extent made each other. In the language of one of his biographers: " With the first collection of Ohio Statutes, known as the old "Sheepskin Code," and such other books as he could command, and such clients and cases as came, the young lawyer procured a horse and portmanteau, joined his few professional brethren and started with the presiding judge on the common-pleas circuit, through mud and forest, legal lance in rest, stopping at log cabins and settling grave cases in log temples of justice. Those were the days of free manners, free lives and practical jokes, though the Grand River presbytery expressed their disapproval of gathering sap on Sunday." Locally the young lawyer gained a wide fame in having won two remarkable lawsuits with all the odds apparently against him. Within ten years after beginning practice he seemed to be at the head of the local bar. In 1831 he formed a law partnership with the afterward celebrated Benjamin F. Wade whose sketch is next given; Wade was rathe too modest for the rough work of the bar but he was excellent in the office preparation of cases, while Giddings would present then at the bar, in which work he excelled. Within the short space of five years these gentlemen made money sufficient to enable them to re tire from practice, at least temporarily, fo money was plentiful and largely invested it the thousand wild-cat enterprises of that day which all collapsed at once, wrecking man: public-spirited men. Giddings was caugh in the downward whirl, and had to resort t( work again, to earn a livelihood. Forming a partnership with Flavel Sutliffe, a brillian young man, who two years afterward becalm insane, Mr. Giddings again prospered an( made money. In 1838 he was elected to Congress. Prior to this he had had some legislative experience, as in 1826 he ha( served in the Ohio House of Representatives After the close of that legislative term he rat for State Senator, but was defeated,—the only defeat he ever met at the polls. Of necessity, in order to- appreciate the services of Mr. Giddings upon his entrant, into Congress, the reader must call to min( the history of the slavery question up to tha time, and its status. The Missouri Compro mise had been adopted in 1820, with the hop( that that finally and forever settled the vexed slavery controversy; but the so called " Ab olitionists," with their leaders mostly in Nev England and New York, began to exer themselves. African slavery in America like a nauseating mass in the stomach, wool( not remain down by any dosing. The stomach will continue its efforts at emesis until tin work is complete, and thus Mr. Giddings was continually drawn into the vortex of abolition effort. OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 127 On his way to and arrival at Washington, Mr. Giddings made close observation of every politician and of every event that might have a bearing upon his career at the capital. " It is a fact," said he, " which every man of observation must see, by spending a few days in the Representatives' hall, that there is a vast difference in the character of the members from the North and South. During this week every person present must have witnessed the high and important bearing of the Southern men; their self-important airs, their overbearing manners, while the Northern men, even on the subject of slavery, are diffident and forbearing. I have myself come to the honest conclusion that our North-elm friends are, in fact, afraid of these Southern bullies. I have bestowed much thought upon the subject; I have made inquiry, and think we have no Northern man who dares boldly and fearlessly declare his abhorrence of slavery and the slave trade. This kind of fear I never experienced ; nor shall I submit to it now. When I came here I had no thought of participating in debate at all, but particularly I intended to keep silence this winter; but since I have seen our Northern friends so backward and delicate, I have determined to express my own views and declare my own sentiments, and risk the effects. For that purpose I have drawn up a resolution calling for information as to the slave trade in the District of Columbia, which, among other things, calls for a statement of the number of slaves who have murdered themselves within that district during the last five years, after being sold for foreign markets, and the number of children who have been murdered by their parents during said time, under the apprehension of immediate separation for sale at a foreign market, and the amount of revenue collected on sale of licenses to deal in human flesh and blood." "I showed the resolutions to several friends, who advised me not to present them, on two accounts; first, that it will enrage the Southern members; secondly, that it will injure me at home. But I have determined to risk both; for I would rather lose my election at home rather than suffer the insolence of these Southerners here." In his speeches before Congress- on the subject of slavery he was frequently called to order by the Southern members and their Northern sympathizers, but generally his right to the floor, to continue his argument, was recognized by the Speaker. In 1839 he won a signal victory over the opposition in the advocacy of the duty of Congress to respectfully consider the anti-slavery petitions sent in, which made the Southern members mad and their sympathizers from the North disgusted. The prominent defections from the Free Soil party in 1848 and the persuasions to enter a course that would elevate him to the United States senatorship, etc,, were no temptation to Mr. Giddings to abandon his anti-slavery aggression, and he joined the " Free-Soilers." He had a conscience, not only with reference to the slavery question, but also in regard to the public treasury... Hence it pained him to see the servants of the people at Washington wasting their tune with frivolous adjournments, etc., while pressing and important claims received no attention. The following anecdote is taken from Mr. Giddings' journal: " An incident occurred in my view that illustrates the difficulty of obtaining justice from the Government. A man named Nye has claimed about $6,000 from the Government for several years, and has himself per- 128 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY sonally pressed the matter for some sessions past. During the last session Mr. Whittlesey, chairman of the committee on claims, reported against it, although the Senate had reported in favor of it. Mr. Whittlesey was looked upon as an infallible authority on the subject of claims. Nye was put in jail for want of money and suffered much. Nye himself wrote an able review of Whittlesey's report and pointed out its errors, but many things intervened to prevent the committee from passing on it until to-day. I agreed with two or three others that we would get together and pass upon this claim, provided that it were possible to get a quorum to the committee room. This we effected, and agreed to report the bill giving him his whole claim. This was done as late as two o'clock P. M. When we left the room I was in front, and Nye was at the door. I told him we had agreed to report his bill for the amount claimed. He attempted to thank me, but tears choked his utterance, and I felt deeply myself,—so much so that I found tears were running down my own cheeks, and, unwilling that my weakness should be discovered, I averted my face to disguise my feelings from those passing by me in front. As turned my face my eye rested upon Mr. Chambers, our chairman, who, though a man of rough exterior, and has been through many a bloody battle, was so wrought upon by Mr. Nye's feelings that he wept profusely. Mr. Giddings advocated the right of slaves when upon the high seas to free themselves, and he presented to Congress resolutions to the effect that it had no right to compensate the owners of such fugitives; but he was persuaded by his friends to withdraw them. For offering such resolutions he received the censure of the House, but he was not permitted to speak in his own defense. He thereupon resigned, but was soon re-elected to Congress by a greater majority than before. He was opposed to the admission of Texas into the Union, with the constitution offered, as he regarded it as an extension of slave territory. In 1850 he had the fugitive slave law to fight, also the compromise slave measures of that year, and in 1852—'56 the Kansas-Nebraska bill of Stephen A. Douglas, etc. When Nathaniel P. Banks, an anti-slavery representative, was elected speaker of the House, February 4, 1856, after more than two months' failure to organize that branch of Congress,--which was the first signal victory of the anti-slavery party in Congress,— Giddings felt rewarded for his life-long fight. For a number of years he was the real editor of the Ashtabula Sentinel. He was a delegate to the famous Republican national convention at Chicago in 1860 which nominated Lincoln for president. Be endeavored, but in vain, to induce that convention to incorporate anti-slavery resolutions in its platform. In 1861 he accepted a consul-generalship to Canada under Lincoln, and while serving in that capacity at Montreal he died, May 27, 1864. "Giddings, far rougher names than thine have grown Smoother than honey on the lips of men; And thou shalt aye be honorably known As one who bravely used the tongue and pen As best befits a freeman ;—even for those To whom our laws' unblushing front denies A right to plead against the life-long woes Which are the negroes' glimpse of freedom's skies. Fear nothing and hope all things, as the right Alone may do securely; every hour The thrones of ignorance and ancient Night Lose somewhat of their long usurped power; And freedom's slightest word can make them shiver With a base dread that clings to them forever." -BRYANT. OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 129 BENJAMIN F. WADE - the mere utterance of whose name brings before the, eye of the avidious student of the political history of our nation—and particularly of that portion which has to do with the trying hours when the country was in the throes of a desperate fratricidal war—a strongly limned image of one who towered above his fellows, a heroic, rugged, stalwart; courageous patriot, unswerving in his devotion to the eternal right, bowing not a servile head before a temporal power, and commanding respect and gaining confidence by very reason of his character, must demand a more than cursory attention in this volume, whose province is the consideration of the life and labor of many of those who have gained place therein by reason of their residence in a locality which has gained distinction from its abstract association with the life and accomplishments of this remarkable man. October 27, 1800, near West Springfield (now Agawam), Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin Wade was born, being the tenth in order of the eleven children—four girls and seven boys—born to James and Mary (Upham) Wade, who for many years made their home in a rural parish designated as "Feeding Hills" and situate a few miles southerly of West Springfield, the region being a thin, sandy-soiled, rocky country, devoted to wild pasturage for the kine-herds of the more favored valleys lying contiguous. James Wade was born July 8, 1750, at the beginning of a noisy, stirring period, being a tive of Medford, Massachusetts. He grew up in the intensely patriotic atmosphere of stormy Boston during the pre-Revolutionary years, and would lack but four days of being twenty-six years of age on the declaration of independence. Young, rugged and adventuresome, he took an active part in the war of the Revolution, and at its close turned to peaceful: pursuits, being married to Mary, the winsome daughter of his uncle, Rev. James Upham, January 15, 1771. After forty years of life amid the grim, sad-brown hills, the parents of our subject set bravely forth, with their children, to make for themselves a new home in the primeval forests of the Western Reserve, reaching Ashtabula county, Ohio, in 1821. Descended from a long line of distinguished ancestors, but reared under environment none too propitious, Benjamin Wade made early manifest that native power that could not be hedged in by circumstances of time or place —that power that ultimately won for him distinction and an exalted position, not sought for, but resulting in natural sequence. "Frank" Wade, as the subject of this all too meagre biography was called in his youthful days, grew up in an atmosphere of mental culture, his mother, the daughter of one of the best educated men of his day, being solicitous for the intellectual advancement of her children and rendering them that willing aid which was denied, perforce, to the offspring of the less cultured pioneer parents. Though he pursued knowledge under difficulties, being self-taught save for his mother's and elder brother's assistance, he worked on alone. Such mental discipline is effective, is positive, is never misleading, and young Wade acquired a mental strength which early gave evidence of the force which it should exert in the eventful future life, filled with "ceaseless toil and endeavor." He attended the district schools of his New England home during the winter months, and even these advantages were superior to those afforded in the later home amid the patriarchal forests of the Western Reserve. In the autumn of 1823 Frank Wade hired 130 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY himself to a drover and aided in driving a herd of cattle through to Philadelphia. This seemingly trivial circumstance marked an important era in his life, since from Philadelphia he made his way to Albany and joined his brother, Dr. James. Here he passed two years and occupied himself in teaching school, incidentally working for a time on the construction of the great canal. Probably about the time this great artificial waterway was completed (1825) Wade returned to his home in Ohio, where he soon began the study of law in the office of Messrs. Whittlesey & Newton, at Canfield, now Mahoning county, this being at the time the great private law school of Northern Ohio. Rapidly the strong, virile mind of the young man, then twenty- five years of age, became truly studious of the common law, and after two years of diligent, practical application, he was admitted to the bar, in the summer of 1827, at a term of the supreme court held at Jefferson, the county seat of Ashtabula county. Ills revered and venerable parents had died the year previous, and, with the home ties forever sundered, he gave himself to his life's work with an earnestness born of conscious power, which waited only for circumstances to ignite the latent spark. In 1831 he formed- a law partnership with Joshua R. Giddings, who had already gained a wide prestige in the section where he is now remembered as one of its most notable men. The firm of Giddings & Wade became the leading law association of the locality, and Mr. Wade soon attained distinction as one of the most successful advocates of the day. In the fall of 1835 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Ashtabula county, which office he held for a term of two years, proving a vigorous, safe and popular prosecutor. In manner he was frank, abrupt and incisive; in characteristics was simple, strong, unpretending, warm-hearted and magnetic. At the October election of 1837 Mr. Wade was elected to the Ohio Senate. In 1839 he was placed in nomination again for the Senate and was defeated. The causes of defeat were peculiar and will be noted further on. In 1841 he was re-elected: he resigned, but was again elected the following autumn. The firm of Giddings & Wade was dissolved, in the spring of 1837, by the retirement of Mr. Giddings, and the new firm of Wade & Ranney was formed. In February, 1847, the Legislature of Ohio elected Mr. Wade as President Judge of the third judicial circuit, then composed of the five important counties of Ashtabula, Trumbull, Mahoning, Portage and Summit. No man ever reached the bench better equipped for its highest and best duties than did Mr. Wade. He was still young enough to adapt himself readily to the place; had a mind thoroughly trained, a capacity for work, a healthy temper, and was secure in the popularity of the people and the respect of the bar. he took his place not only by right of unsought election, but by the divine right of fitness. The public realizes th-e executive valuation of a man who comes before its face, and when honor is due, honor is very like to be paid. Thus it was that, March 15, 1851, while presiding on the bench at Akron, Summit county, Judge Wade received notification of his election to the United States Senate for a full constitutional term--the preferment being unsought, unexpected. Reverting to Mr. Wade's connection with the Ohio State Senate, it will be remembered that he was elected a member of that body in the fall of 1837, as the candidate of the young Whig party. He here gave to various im- OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 131 portant measures his vigorous support or antagonism, as the case in his judgment warranted, the period of his incumbency being a critical one in the history of the State. Within the second session of his term came the Kentucky commissioners to secure the passage of a more vigorous and stringent fugitive slave law. The commission was warmly received by the majority of both houses, hut five members of the Senate opposing their wishes. The foremost and the ablest of these five opponents was Mr. Wade, who met the bill with open and emphatic antagonism, his speech, concluding the opposition, being one of the most brilliant, patriotic and logical ever delivered before a legislative body, standing on record to this day as one of the ablest delivered against slavery. To this pro-slavery attitude of Mr. Wade was due his defeat when nominated for re-election in October, 1839, but the growth of the pro-slavery sentiment was subsequently rapid in the North, and when, two years later, he was again nominated for the State Senate, his opposition was limited in the extreme. The passage of the fugitive slave act found Judge Wade presiding over the session of court at Ravenna. By him, as by all other true patriots, the act was viewed with detestation and horror, and in the public meeting called at the courthouse, he delivered a powerful philippic against it. Thus it may be seen that his anti-slavery attitude was firmly determined at the time he assumed his place in the United States Senate. The Thirty-second Congress convened December 1, 1851, and at the opening of the Senate Mr. Wade's credentials were presented by Salmon. P. Chase, and he was sworn in. It was supposed that Congress now convened under most benign conditions; an incipient contention was thought to have been "nipped i' the bud" and the forces hushed to perpetual silence. Slavery was practically triumphant and freedom arid justice were prostrate. There were but five senators who would yield an uncompromising opposition to slavery,—John P. Hale, Seward, Chase, Sumner and Wade. Shortly after the opening of the Thirty-third Congress, Mr. Douglas introduced the Nebraska bill "and all our woes." This bill, which was so framed as to practically override the provisions of the Missouri compromise and to make the holding of slaves in the Territories optional with the residents thereof, naturally aroused the strong antagonism of Wade, and his opposition was most spirited and well directed. His speech, deprecating the outrageous policy implied, is yet considered as one of the best specimens of terse, plain, direct, vigorous putting of things by the honest sturdy intellect of the New England type, to be found in the records of Congress. There are few times when senators and representatives have come together with a feeling of graver responsibility than that which marked the opening of the Thirty-fourth Congress. Attention was now directed to " Bleeding Kansas" and the conditions there prevailing. Slavery had gained a strong foothold, and there now was the great field of conflict between the opposing sectional forces. The halls of Congress echoed with violent and stormy debates; personal violence even resulted in the white heat of partisan animosity, and the Union tottered on its foundations. The Thirty-fourth Congress wore and warred the Kansas matter through until the closing session, March 3, 1851. That Mr. Wade was vigorously arrayed against the further encroachments of slavery upon the national domain need scarcely be stated. His opposi- 132 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY tion to the Lecompton constitution in Kansas is perpetuated in the history of that tempestuous period. The ensuing Congress, the Thirty-fifth, found yet more emphatic causes for contention, the Dred Scott decision had shortly before been handed down, and proved an inflammatory element in both popular and Congressional discussions. Wade had been re-elected, and his independent and commanding position in the Senate had now been assured by reason of his attention to duties, his good sense, freedom from mistakes, large intelligence, clearness of vision and absolute sincerity. Men came to place trust in his level, practical views, and " old Ben Wade" became to many an almost infallible guide. The spring and summer of 1859 were marked with the sullen, brooding spirit, portentous of the great Civil war which soon began to show unmistakable signs of rearing its horrid head. The cuhnination came; John Brown, at the head of an armed band, took possession of the arsenal at Harper's Ferry, October 17th, and was there be- sieged by a Virginian army. Public excitement now ran high. Then came the year 1860--" characters of fire inscribed on its page of the American chronicle "—Lincoln, the great, noble man, the final martyr, is elected'to the presidency, and the days sweep on and lead to the great ordeal which shall determine whether the nation will vindicate her honor or pass down the cycles of time with garments sullied by ignoble slavery. Still it was not believed that war—a stern, unyielding conflict—was imminent. It was thought that pacific measures would yet avert the general resorting to arms. The Thirty-sixth Congress had the courage to reject the Crittenden compromise, an amendment to the constitution prohibiting the aboplition of slavery. In the Senate the opposition to the amendment was led by Seward, Wade and Fessenden. The called session of the Thirty-seventh Congress closed August 6. It was called to provide for war, and at the ensuing and regular session originated the famous committee on the conduct of the war. Of this committee Wade was the one and only choice for chairman. To recapitulate the stirring events of this crucial period would demand greater space than is ours to command—would demand latitude transcending that of biography and a ramification into the general history of our nation during those trying hours. Of the services rendered by Mr. Wade the annals of the time make due recognition. He was a mighty power and there should be, in these latter days, none too poor to do him honor. To hurriedly glance over the more important of his actions while in the Senate, we will say that in the matter of compromise between the North and the South, he opposed any concessions. As chairman on the joint committee for the conduct of the war, he advocated its vigorous prosecution and favored the confiscation of property in slaves. He reported the bill for the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia. In 1862 the Homestead bill, which he had so long advocated, passed the senate. The year 1864 lapsed to 1865. The great rebellion comes suddenly to an end. The heroic president becomes a victim to the weapon of the dastardly assassin. Those hours live and ever will so long as memory holds sway and patriotism survives in the hearts of coming generations. Lincoln is dead; Wade is President of the Senate and acting Vice-President of the United States. Is it not befitting that we make record of one who has attained to such high position and honor? The war closed and the nation was- OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 133 left to recover itself from the great disintegrating conflict whose result is unity. Mr. Wade remains to serve yet a while in the Senate halls and to prove not false to the duties yet his to perform for the public good. In 1871 he was one of the commission sent to Santo Domingo to report on the proposed acquisition of that island, and he was later sent, under the statute, to inspect and report on the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad. In neither case was he perfunctory in the performance of the assigned duty. And now, to close this fragmentary sketch, we will animadvert to a portion of his life which was closely linked to his public career, in the indirect influence brought to bear. Caroline Rosekrans was born at Lansingburg, New York, July 30, 1805, being the daughter of Depin Rosekrans, a prominent merchant of that place. Her mother was a daughter of Nehemiah Hubbard, a retired merchant and banker, of Middletown, Connecticut. Some years subsequent to the death of Mr. Rosekrans his widow contracted a second marriage, with Enoch Parsons, a son of General Parsons, of Revolutionary fame, and one of the first Territorial judges of Ohio. In 1837 Mrs. Parsons and Caroline came to Ashtabula, Ohio, and May 19, 1841, the latter was united in marriage to Mr. Wade. They took up their residence in Jefferson. Two sons were born to them : Lieutenant-Colonel James F. Wade, in 1843, and Captain Henry P. Wade in 1845, both of whom are still living. Crowned with honor, a brilliant public career terminated, back to the old home in Jefferson came Mr. Wade, there to pass the declining years of a life that had been dedicated and given to all that was honest and good. Here, at the age of three score years and ten, the retired Senator and his wife came back to renew, it may be, the life of the days long fled. The end came. What more need be added? Is eulogy demanded or wordy panegyric in the case of one whose life was distinguished by extreme simplicity and the avoidance of the ostentatious pomp so dear to weaker minds? Let us simply say that he was such a man. Take him for all in all, we shall not look upon his like again. Benjamin Franklin Wade died at Jefferson, March 2, 1878. No more fitting words can be used in closing than these, from the `pen of his able biographer: " They made his grave near the heart of his life-long home, and set at his head a granite shaft less enduring than the influence of his deeds for truth, justice, freedom and his country's good." LEONIDAS REEVE, a prosperous farmer and stock-raiser near Colebrook Center, Ashtubula county, Ohio, and for twenty-seven years Justice of the Peace in his district, was born in the pioneer log cabin of his parents on the homestead in New Lyme, this State, June 23, 1823. He belongs to one of the oldest families in this county, his father, Ramsey Reeve, a native of Old Lyme, Connecticut, having come with his wife and family to New Lyme, Ohio, in 1821, where he became a prosperous farmer and resided until his death. The mother of the subject of this sketch, May (Baldwin) Reeve, was a native of Chester, Connecticut, and a typical pioneer woman, inheriting in a marked degree those qualities of common sense, courage and perseverance for which people of New England are noted. Their ten children were: James B., Captain in the Thirty-second Iowa Infantry, who died in the service at Fort 134 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY Pillow, Tennessee; Henry L., who died on the old homestead in New Lyme in 1889; John R.; Leonidas, whose name heads this sketch; Hezekiah; Leander, proprietor and manager of the Lone Tree Stock Farm, in Rome Centre township, Ashtabula county; Flavins J., who also died on the old homestead; Maria A., wife of J. S. Peck, a prominent citizen of New Lyme; Arthur T., who enlisted in the regular United States army as a private and retired with the rank of Colonel, being at the time of his death Chief of the Second Division in the Agricultural Department at Washington; William H. H., who also was a soldier in the late war, and died in the service. The subject of this sketch obtained his education in the district and select schools of his vicinity, and in 1846 received a certificate to teach, from the first Board of School Examiners in the county, and taught district schools for several terms. He then learned the carpenter and joiner's trade, at which he worked several years, and at one time, in 1853 and 1854, worked for the Illinois Central Railway Company and helped to build all the depots from Freeport to Warren in Illinois. He later engaged in farming and stock-raising, and now owns 148 acres of the choicest land in the county, with excellent modern improvements, a comfortable residence, good barns, etc. He is notable as a breeder of fine horses, in which line he is very successful and from which he realizes a comfortable income. April 28, 1846, Mr. Reeve was married to Miss Sophia Knowles, who was born in New Lyme, August 19, 1826. She received the best educational advantages afforded by the pioneer schools and also held a certificate to teach. Her father, James Knowles, was one of the representative farmers and earliest pioneers of the county. He was born in Lyme, Connecticut, in 1801, and came with his parents to New Lyme, Ohio, 1811. He married Ann Doty, of Nantucket, Rhode Island, and they had three children: Sophia, wife of the subject of this sketch; Harriet, now Mrs. John Thompson, who resides in Colebrook; and Emily, afterward Mrs. H. D. Miner, of Colebrook, who died in 1868. The father died in 1880, universally lamented on account of his many estimable qualities. Mr. and Mrs. Reeve have had four children, the two eldest of whom died aged fourteen and fifteen years. Florentine 0. was born January 28, 1851, and graduated at Mt. Union College, in Stark county, Ohio, and has followed teaching for twenty years, but is now studying medicine, being at present assistant to the physician of the college and dispensary at Cleveland. He married Miss Thirzah Walling, of Colebrook, of this State, and they now reside at Cleveland. The other child of Mr. Reeve, Viola, was born March 21, 1865, and is unmarried and at home. She received a musical education at Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, is now organist at the Baptist Church of Colebrook, Ohio. Mr. Reeve's present prosperity is due entirely to his own unaided efforts, persistently and intelligently applied, and he justly deserves the esteem in which he is so widely held. HENRY H. HALL, conspicuous among the prominent business men of Ashtabula, Ohio, was born in Ashtabula November 3, 1836. His parents, Valerius and Betsy W. Hall, were natives of Connecticut and Massachusetts, respectively, and were both of English descent. In 1812, OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 135 shortly after their marriage, they joined the westward tide of emigration, coining to Ashtabula, Ohio, at that time on the frontier of civilization. The father, who was a manufacturer, followed that calling in Ashtabula until about 1845, after which he was engaged in farming. Both parents lived in Ashtabula to an advanced age, dying greatly lamented by all who knew them. They had six children, four sons and two daughters. The subject of this sketch was reared to the age of thirteen in Ashtabula, gaining a fair common-school education, when, in 1852, he left the parental roof on his own responsibility and began to learn telegraphy. He worked at this business in many places, principally at Cincinnati, Pittsburg and Louisville, Kentucky. In 1862 he discontinued telegraphing and returned to Ashtabula, where he entered the merchandise business, in which he was successfully engaged for twenty years. In 1882 he discontinued this to embark in other interests, being instrumental in establishing the following enterprises: The Ashtabula Tool Company, of which he was president two years, and then sold his interest; the Bolt & Shaft Company, of which he was manager; the Ashtabula Pump Company, of which he was president; and others. The Carriage Bow Company was organized and began operations in Ashtabula partly through his influence, and all of these enterprises have brought prosperity in their train, materially contributing to the advancement of the city and surrounding country. Nor have material interests alone occupied his time and attention, for, being a charitable man, he has devoted much means and thought to the condition of those less fortunate in the race of life. In 1885 he, with other charitably disposed gentlemen and ladies, organized, under the State law, the Children's Home at Ashtabula, and throughout its entire history of unusual prosperity he has acted as president, doing untold and far-reaching benefit to the community. In 1859 Mr. Hall was married to Miss Susan L. Tuller, a lady of domestic tastes and social accomplishments, formerly of Worthington, Ohio, and they have two children, a son and daughter. In politics Mr. Hall has for many years been a stanch supporter of the principles of Democracy, to which he still firmly adheres. Fraternally he is an active Knight-Templar Mason. By business ability, energy and perseverance Mr. Hall has gained financial prosperity, while by high integrity and a genial personality he has secured the greater success of universal confidence and esteem. HON. LEANDER C. REEVE, proprietor and manager of the celebrated Lone Tree Stock Farm, at Rome Centre, Ashtabula county, Ohio, and a representative of one of the oldest and most highly esteemed families of the county, was born in New Lyme, this State, September 6, 1828. His father, Rumsey Reeve, was a native of Lyme, Connecticut, and removed with his family to New Lyme, Ohio, in 1821, where he was a prosperous farmer until death. His wife, Mary (Baldwin) Reeve, was born in Chester, Connecticut, and was a woman of rare judgment and energy, whose sage advice and assistance contributed much to her husband's prosperity. They had ten children: James B., a Captain in the Thirty-second Iowa Infantry, who died in the service, at Fort Pillow, Tennessee; Henry L., died on the old homestead in New Lyme, in 1887; 136 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY John R.; Leonidas, a well-to-do farmer and stock-raiser, near Colebrook, this county; Hezekiah; Leander C., whose name heads this sketch; Flavius J., who also died on the old homestead; Maria A., wife of J. S. Peck, a prominent citizen of New Lyme; Arthur T., who enlisted in the Seventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry as a private and retired with the rank of Colonel in the United States army, was at the time of his death Chief of the Seed Division of the Agricultural Department at Washington; William H. H., also a soldier in the late war, who died in the service. The subject of this sketch was reared on his father's farm in New Lyme, and received his education in the public schools and at Jefferson union school. On attaining his majority, he went West, where he remained three years, when he returned to Ohio and settled on a farm in Rome, where he has ever since resided. This place, which is widely known as the Lone Tree Stock Farm, comprises 140 acres of excellent farming land, is well cultivated to general farming and improved with a substantial and comfortable residence and good barns, besides other valuable accessories. The air of thrift and contentment prevailing on the place is a recommendation for the management of Mr. Reeve, who ranks second to no one in the county as a farmer and stock-raiser. On this farm may be seen a fine string of registered and standard-bred horses, about thirty at the present time (1893), at the head of which stands Belden Boy, No. 3020, whose record is 2:344. Belton (3), with a record of 2:28 1/4, is the only one of Belden Boy's colts that has ever been trained; he is not only speedy but game to the last. Bashaw Drury, Jr., has a trial record of 2:35. An extended mention of all the fine horses and their merits would exceed the length of this article, but sufficient has been given to show the high grade which is maintained. The liberal patronage which his stable receivas is the best proof of his wisdom in selecting and breeding stock. Captain Reeve has also two other good farms near Rome station. The military record of Captain Reeve is quoted from a contemporary review as follows: "Captain of Company G, Second Regiment Ashtabula County Militia, and Captain of Company C, One Hundred and Seventy-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry; also Lieutenant, with commission to recruit; recruited sixty-eight men in thirty days for Company C, One Hundred and Seventy-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served under Major-Generals Milroy, Rousseau and Schofield in Tennessee in 1864, participating in the battles of the Cedars and Shelbyville Pike. In North Carolina he served under Major-General Cox, in General Schofield's Twenty-third Army Corps, from Fort Fisher up the coast to New Inlet, Fort Sugar-Loaf, Fort Anderson, Town Creek, Wilmington, Kinston, Goldsborough and Raleigh, and retired from service with an untarnished record." Politically, Captain Reeve is a Republican, and has been elected by his constituents to various offices of trust. His public career began by his election to the office of Justice of the Peace, which he filled with commendable ability and impartiality. He was a member of the board of commissioners of the fund for the relief of indigent soldiers and sailors for many years,—in fact up to the time of his election as Representative to the Sixty-ninth General Assembly. He there made himself famous by presenting and urging the passage of a bill, as petitioned for by his constituents, to bond Ashtabula city OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 137 for $150,000, to assist the city of Ashtabula in obtaining the removal of the courthouse from Jefferson (the present county seat) to that city. The bill failed to pass, and on this account a feeling was created against him to such an extent that at the county convention Captain Reeve failed to get the nomination for re-election. At the request of his friends he then allowed his name to be used as an independent candidate, and was elected by an overwhelming majority, receiving a heavy Democratic support. January 22, 1851, Captain Reeve was married to Miss Harriet E. Peck, a lady of superior attainments, who was born in New Lyme, Ohio, November 13, 1827. Her father, Samuel G. Peck, came with his parents to New Lyme when he was but nine years of age. They were hardy and progressive pioneers, and to them and their son Samuel is due much of the advancement made by New Lyme township. Samuel Peck died in 1888, at his home in New Lyme, where he had lived from childhood, his loss being generally and sincerely mourned. He was the father of five children: the youngest died in childhood; Harriet, wife of the subject of this sketch, was the first in order of birth; Zipporali married Sidney S. Stults, a well-to-do farmer of Rome township; Edwin A. resides in Michigan; and Amos A. died in Warren, Ohio, in March, 1893. Captain and Mrs. Reeve have five children: Arthur L., born January 31, 1852; Asher A., born July 24, 1854; H. Amelia, born June 9, 1857, married Isaac N. Chapin, a prominent resident of Silver Bow county, Montana; Rose A., born November 23, 1859, is the wife of Dr. W. O. Ellsworth, a well-known physician of Austinburgh, Ohio; Mary B., born June 23, 1867. Mrs. Reeve has been for many years a zealous worker in the Methodist Episcopal Church, as, indeed, are the whole family, with the exception of the youngest daughter, who belongs to the Presbyterian denomination. Such universal commendation of his merit leaves little to add in favor of Captain Reeve, other than to call attention to the fact of his material contribution to the general advancement and welfare of the community, of which he is a representative citizen. AMOS FISK HITBBARD.—Another landmark of the growth and prosperity of Ashtabula, Ohio, fell with the death of the subject of this sketch, who contributed his share to the advancement of the city which his uncle, Matthew Hubbard, founded. The Ilubbards are of English ancestry, who settled in Connecticut in 1640, and the first six generations of whom were farmers. In 1697 Captain Isaac Hubbard and wife (nee Ruth Coleman) removed to Trenton, Oneida county, New York, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Among their children were Matthew, previously mentioned, and Colonel William Hubbard, father of the subject of this notice. The latter married Catherine Hulbert, and they had five children: John C., for many years a prominent physician and surgeon of Ashtabula, who died in 1883; William F., deceased in 1880; George C., a merchant, who died in 1876; Catherine, deceased in 1859, who was alewife of O. H. Fitch; and Amos F., the subject of this sketch. In 1834 Colonel William Hubbard removed with his family to Ashtabula, near which city he engaged in farming, which he continued successfully until his death. The genealogy of this family represents a 138 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY long line of distinguished and honorable men, who not only achieved financial precedence, but also enjoyed in an unusual degree the respect and esteem of their fellow men, conspicuous among whom may be mentioned the subject of this sketch. Amos Fisk Hubbard was born July 8, 1822, in Holland Patent, New York, where the first eleven years of his life were passed. At the end of that period he accompanied his parents to Ashtabula, Ohio, which was ever afterward their home. He received an academic education, and after completing his studies taught school four years, first in East Village and afterward in St. Catharines, Canada. At the end of this time he bought land on the lake shore in Ashtabula county, intending to engage in the nursery business, but resigning this plan when he was offered a position in the bank with which Messrs. Henry Parsons, Frederick Carlisle and 0. II. Fitch were connected. The date of his entering on his duties was December 7, 1848, which date he carved on a piece of plaster that he cut from the wall of the building, the fragment being now preserved and cherished by his family. Two years later he became cashier in the same institution, in which position he faithfully and efficiently served forty :two years, until his resignation, January, 1892, on account of ill health. His condition did not improve, and a year later, January 22, 1893, he died, leaving his family and many friends to mourn his loss. Although taking a deep interest in the welfare of his city, State and country, he was devoid of political aspirations, finding his greatest happiness in the care and society of his family and in association with those friends whom he had known from childhood. He had religious convictions from early life, with which his conduct was in thorough conformity. He was a consistent supporter of the Christian Church. His theology was broad and his religion was charitable. He loved science in all of its phases, and his philosophy was remarkably pure and ennobling. Mr. Hubbard was twice Married, first on November 15, 1853, in Buffalo, New York, by Rev. G. W. Heacock, to Miss Ursula Pomeroy Graves, daughter of Josiah Dwight Graves, an esteemed citizen of Springville, Erie county, New York. They had ten children: Clarissa, born September 12, 1854, died aged seventeen; William, born June 3, 1856, died aged twenty-seven; Dwight Graves, December 31, 1857, died in infancy; Thomas Hulbert, born July 22, 1859, now a physician of Toledo, Ohio, is married and has one son, Amos Holland; Sarah Casky, born July 24, 1861, resides in Toledo; Catherine, June 14, 1863, died in infancy; John Coleman and Amos Fisk, twins, born March 11, 1865, the former now on the staff of the Standard of Ashtabula and the latter studying dentistry in the Indiana Dental College at Indianapolis; and Graves, born March 13, 1870, died in infancy. March 22, 1870, the family were called upon to mourn the death of the devoted wife and mother, who had watched over their interests for so many years. Four years later, October 15, 1874, Mr. Hubbard was married, in St.,. Peter's Church, at Ashtabula, to Miss Emily Holland, a lady of many worthy qualities, daughter of Ashley Holland, of Greenfield, Massachusetts, later of Ashtabula. Mr. Holland was born June 26, 1808, and was a machinist by occupation. He married Penelope Graves, and they had three children, two of whom survive: Mrs. Hubbard and Mary, now Mrs. C. E. Graves, of Fort Wayne, Indiana. Mr. Holland passed his last years OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 139 in Ashtabula, where he died at the age of seventy-six years. Mrs. Hubbard has two children: Abigail, born August 16, 1875; and George Holland, born March 5, 1878. In the various relations of life Mr. Hubbard was characterized by the same whole souled honor and geniality, winning and retaining the regard of all with whom he came in contact. ROLLIN W. DAVIS, proprietor of the Pymatuning Stock Farm, at West Williamsfield, at Ashtabula county, Ohio, for nearly thirty years a breeder of fast horses and a well-known turf man, is a native son of the Buckeye State, having been born in Dorset, Ashtabula county, in 1838. He comes of good old American stock, his parents, Richard S. and Elvira (Humphrey) Davis, having been natives of Virginia and Connecticut, respectively. They were early settlers of Ashtabula county, where the father was a farmer and cheese and flour merchant, supplying the people with his commodities for many miles around. The mother, Elvira (Humphrey) Davis, traced her genealogy back through many notable families, for some 500 years, to Sir John Humphrey, who lived in the latter part of the fourteenth century. She also had a copy of his coat-of-arms, the same being a fac simile of the original that is now in the British Museum. Their four children were: O. H., deceased, was a prominent attorney of Omaha, Nebraska; Henrietta is the wife of James McWan, a properous citizen of Cambridge City, Indiana; George M., deceased, was a miller of Brazil, Indiana; and Rollin W., whose name heads this notice. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm and attended the district schools in his vicinity. In the free out-of-door life of his youth and the industrious, persevering duties on the farm, was laid the foundation of that physical and mental strength and vigor which have contributed to his present success. He worked on the home farm until the outbreak of the Civil war, when, in August, 1861, he enlisted in Wade and Hutchins' cavalry, serving efficiently for one year and eight days,_ when he was disabled by the fall of his horse in a skirmish, and was subsequently dis- — charged at Fort Scott, Kansas. On his return home, Mr. Davis followed his natural bent by engaging in the horse business at Dorset, his native town. Blazing Star, his first selection, made a record of 2:40, and the books show that he sired Sleepy Tom, 2:28 1/2, and the dam of Dandy, 2:18 1/2, the fastest descendant of Atlantic. Not being satisfied with his place at Dorset, Mr. Davis removed to West Williamsfield and at once began the cultivation and stocking of Pymatuning Farm. He began to breed. and develop trotters, in which he has had more than average success. One of his first moves was a trip to Rushville, Indiana, where he purchased the gray horse, St. Oilier, 2:28 1/2, by Blue Bull, the sire of Chapman, 2:19 1/3, Johnny B., 2:30, and the dams of Sankey, 2:25; Sir Walter Scott, 2:31, etc. He also bred and developed Redwood by Blue Bull, and started him in seventeen races, all of which he won. In those days a record was something to be avoided, on which account he never entered the 2:30 list. After this, "Roll" Davis became something of a Blue Bull man, as his next investment was made in Molly Kistler. He developed this mare and drove her to her record of 2:29 1/2 the campaigning ground being in the Oil and Iron Circuit, in which she won all of her engagements. He 140 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY also bought the fast Blue Bull mare, May Bird, 2:23, and gave her a record of 2:30 over the half-mile track at Columbus, Ohio, in 1891. The desire to get something better than could be found in Ohio led Mr. Davis to go to Kentucky and purchase the three-year- old black colt, Atlantic, by Almont, out of Isabella Clay by Kentucky Clay. At that time the black horse was untrained, so that all of his schooling traces to Pymatuning Farm. Mr. Davis put him through his early lessons in good style, and that he was an apt pupil may be seen by the records. In his six-year-old form he gave him a mark of 2:24, while his most stubborn race was trotted at Jefferson against Reveille. Davis drove a great race that day, and while the battle was in doubt to the finish and the contest was sharp, the black horse pulled off the victory. That was a proud day for Davis, and among the relics of his success that day is a $100 suit of clothing for Atlantic, he having been presented with the outfitting after the race. This suit of clothing is still at Pymatuning Farm as a reminder of Atlantic, who is now in Italy. That Atlantic should have proved a success in the stud is shown by the performance of the few foals that he got before Mr. Davis sold him to Andy Welch, at Utica, in 1887. Soon after selling Atlantic, a move was made to purchase another stallion, and, in company with James McClurg, of Sharon, Pennsylvania, the Lumps colt, Laminator, was selected. He was a good individual and promised to be fast, as he stepped out and took the three-year-old record of 2:37 early in July. Death, however, robbed the turf of what promised to be a 2:20 performer, but fortunately Luminator left a few foals, some of which are very promising. Among the royally bred horses that have been owned at Pymatuning Farm, the books show the names of Woodman by Wedgewood, and Sprague Pilot, 2:24, as game a race horse as ever trimmed round on a race track. He proved a successful campaigner while at the farm, but was sold to make way for the young stallions coming, of which the most noted were St. Lookout, 2:26, the two-year-old champion of Ohio, his brother, King Sultan, and Grand Master by Wilkes Boy. Mr. Davis purchased the Administrator mare, Daisy B., while on one of his trips to Kentucky, and she has since become noted as the dam of Ashland Wilkes, 2:22, and Kitty Wilkes, the darn of St. Lookout, 2:26. The latter won the two year old stake at the Ohio Breeders' meeting from a large number of contestants, including Gift O'Neer and Oakhurne, and two days later turned the track at the first time in 2:26, trotting each half of the mile in 1:13. Mr. Davis has at the head of his stud at this writing (1893) King Sultan, sired by Sultan, 2:24, sire of Stamboul, 2:07 1/2, by Kitty Wilkes; and Harry Davis, with a record at one year of 3:12, sired by Luminator by dam Kitty Wilkes. Kitty Wilkes is the mother of St. Lookout, with a two-year-old record of 2:26; and King Sultan, of 2:33; as well as of Harry Davis, previously mentioned. This mare was reared by Mr. Davis and is now eight years old. He also owns five Atlantic brood mares and three gilt-edged three-year- old fillies. The Pymatuning Farm is now operated by Mr. R. W. Davis and consists of 300 acres of as choice land as is to be found in the county, and is devoted to general farming and stock raising. In 1866, Mr. Davis was married to Miss Harriet Bridgman, a native of Williamsfield,- Ohio, and daughter of Asa Bridgman, a well known citizen of this locality and one of the first settlers. By reason of his enterprising OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 141 spirit he was able to render much assistance to the pioneers in the early days. He established the first ashery, or pearling factory, in the county and thus furnished to the settlers a market for their, ashes and black salts as they cleared up their farms. In many instances the only revenue by which the early settlers were enabled to meet their taxes was that derived from the sale of the products noted, and Mr. Bridgman offered them a convenient and reliable market. Mr. and Mrs. Davis have four children: Walter H., May E., George M., and Harry H. Fraternally, Mr. Davis affiliates with the A. F. & A. M. and is an active member of the Andover lodge. Being of a thrifty turn, Mr. Davis has made for himself and family a comfortable home, in which he may spend his declining years. Of a progressive and public-spirited disposition,. he has contributed materially to the advancement of his community, doing more to raise the standard of thorough-bred stock in his vicinity than any other man, and he well deserves the commendation he so universally receives. JOSEPH DEWEY HULBERT, a prom, inent and representative citizen of Ashtabula, Ohio, was born in Holland Patent, Oneida county, New York, November 24, 1809. His parents., Joseph Clark and Phyana (Dewey) Hulbert, were natives respectively of Middletown, Connecticut, and Bennington, Vermont. Thomas Hulbert, the remote paternal ancestor, was of English origin, and came to America about 1635, and later settled in Saybrook, Connecticut. His descendants are now numerous and far scattered, many of them having filled prominent places before the public. Thomas was a blacksmith by trade, and during the Indian troubles was engaged against them, under Levi Granger. He was the father of six children : Thomas, Jr., John, Samuel, Joseph, Stephen and Cornelius. John, the direct ancestor of the subject of this biography, was born at Wethersfield, Connecticut, March 8, 1642, and was brought up to the trade of his father. At the age of twenty-seven years he received a proposition from the settlers of Middletown to come there and work as blacksmith of the town, which overture he accepted, and was thus engaged tbere for seven years. He married Mary, daughter of John Dunning and Honor Treat, at Wethersfield, December 15, 1670. Their first child, John, Jr., was born December 8, 1671, and July 8, 1698, married Rebecca Warner, and John, the first child of the marriage last noted, was born October 11, 1701, and June 11, 1724, married Elizabeth Sage, of Middletown, Connecticut. His first son and second child, Hezekiah, was born in Middletown, June 2, 1727, and became a farmer, -living at the place of his birth. He was married February 2, 1749, to Anna, daughter of Daniel and Phcebe Hall, and they became the parents of two children, Hezekiah, Jr., and Daniel. The former of these, who was the grandfather of the subject of this memoir., was born, May 23, 1749. His second marriage occurred June 12, 1779, when he espoused Hannah Clark, and their eldest son, Joseph Clark, was born at Middletown, September 4, 1778. Their other children were Anna, Elizabeth, Hezekiah, Margaret; Mariah, Jonathan O. and John. Joseph Clark, the elder son, was married at Bennington, Vermont, March 11, 1804, to Phyana Dewey, by whom he had two children,--Julia Ann and Joseph Dewey Hulbert, both born in Holland 142 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY Patent, New York, the former April 1, 1806. Joseph C.. died at Ashtabula, August 21, 1861, and his wife died at Holland Patent, January 16, 1853. Thomas Dewey, the maternal ancestor of Mr. Hulbert, was born in England, in 1600, and came to America in 1630, settling in Chester, Massachusetts, May 4, 1634; he was made a freeman; March 22, 1638, he married Frances C. Clark, and lived at Chester until 1642, when he sold his property and removed to Windsor, Connecticut, at which place he died, April 27, 1648. Rev. Jedediah Dewey, his great-grandson and the maternal grandfather of Mr. Hulbert, was born April 11, 1714, and married Mindwell Hayden, July 3, 1736, at Westfield, Massachusetts. February 20, 1761, he married for his second wife, Betty Buck, by whom he had six, children, the fifth of whom, Phyana, was Mr, Hulbert's mother. Jedediah Dewey died December 21, 1778, and his widow, June 21, 1792, at Bennington, Vermont. He was the first minister of the Congregational Church in Vermont. Hezekiah Hulbert, grandfather of Joseph D., was a native of the grand old State of Connecticut, which is so full of historic reminiscences of interest to this country. The father of Mr. Hulbert of this notice, was reared to the age of nineteen years in his native city, when he accompanied his parents in their emigration to New York State. He was here married to Phyana Dewey, to whose father, Rev. Jedediah Dewey, reference has just been made. For him the first Congregational Church building in Vermont was erected, and it was captured by General Stark at the battle of Bennington, and used for the confinement of Hessian prisoners. This worthy couple had but two children who survived to maturity, namely: Julia Ann, who married Henry Hubbard and resided at Ashtabula; and Joseph D. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood on the home place, where his father was a farmer, and for a time attended Remsen , Academy. In 1834, when twenty-four years of age, he left home and proceeded to Ashtabula, Ohio, then a new and but slightly settled country, where he has ever since resided. At first he clerked in a store, but later engaged in farming and in the storage and forwarding business at Ashtabula harbor. For about forty years he continued to prosecute these important enterprises, simultaneously, owning and operating vessels plying the lakes and eventually accumulating a comfortable property. He was also engaged with Henry Hubbard in the stave and lumber business and the carrying trade for a number of years. About 1875, he discontinued all other enterprises to give his attention principally to his real-estate interests, and has been instrumental in greatly furthering the growth and aiding in the development of Ashtabula harbor and the surrounding country. January 31, 1837, Mr. Hulbert was mar-. ried to Miss Mary Ann Fisk, and they had three children, all of whom died young, as also did the wife and mother, who passed from this life August 25, 1842. January 3, 1844, Mr. Hulbert married Miss Lucinda C. Hall; an estimable lady of Ashtabula, and they had , five children, namely: Julia Ann, born at Holland Patent, New York, November 3, 1844, and married D. W. lHaskell, of Ashtabula; Mary F., born October 31, 1846, and married Andrew C. Stone, of Lawrence, Massachusetts; Phyana D., born October 2, 1848, is now the wife of Walter R. Rowe, of Lawrence, Massachusetts; Eliza Maria, born October 27, 1850, married Milo L. Rice, of OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 143 Ashtabula; and Joseph Clark, born April 25, 1852, died in September following. Mrs. Hulbert departed this life August 29, 1878, leaving a bereaved husband and four children, to whom her life had been devoted. She was a woman of sweet disposition, rare amiability, refined and winning manners, and as a natural sequence she was greatly beloved by those who knew her well, and by them is still held in grateful and affectionate remembrance. January 24, 1885, Mr. Hulbert was married to Mrs. Cornelia A. Reece, daughter of Ralph and Catherine (Sanford) Williams. In politics Mr. Hulbert was formerly a Whig, later an anti-slavery Whig, and was connected with the "under-ground railroad " thinkers and actors. He became a _Republican when that party was formed, but, ever independent and courageous in his convictions, he has not endorsed every specific principle advocated by the party, and has manifested his approval of certain of the policies brought forward by each the Greenback and People's party. He is a man of deep patriotism, but has, never sought office, his numerous private interests absorbing most of his time and attention. However, he held for several years the position of County Commissioner, at the earnest request of the people. Indeed, it is to be regretted that he has not served the public welfare in some official capacity, possessing as he does business and moral qualifications peculiarly fitting him for a position of trust and responsibility. In person, Mr. Hulbert is six feet in height, and although he is now crowned with the fullness of years, being eighty-four years of age, he is in the enjoyment of excellent health,with faculties unimpaired. He still maintains a personal control and supervision of his busi ness interests.' He grew to manhood under Presbyterian discipline, but, following out his personal convictions, he now coincides with certain of the views of the Unitarians and Spiritualists. He was instrumental in securing railroad facilities at Ashtabula, being associated with Mr. Henry Hubbard in rendering tangible aid in the way of money and donation of land. During the memorable contest between the Pittsburg, Youngstown & Ashtabula and the Ashtabula, Jamestown & Franklin (under the control of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern) Railroad Companies, to determine the right of ground at the harbor, by pacific measures the former company was induced to give up its division on the east side, and thus both lines were given entry to the harbor. John Harmon, Albert Fields, H. E. Parsons and Hulbert & Hubbard gave the land which the railroads demanded and thus settled the matter in a satisfactory way. OBED KNAPP, a farmer of Cherry Valley township, Ashtabula county, was born in Steuben county, New York, October 11, 1826, a son of Rufus and Anna (Burgess) Knapp, natives also of that State. The, paternal grandfather of our subject, David Knapp, was also born in the East. When Obed was a lad of eight years his parents came to Cherry Valley township, Ashtabula county, Ohio, settling in the woods. Their nearest neighbor was one mile distant and their nearest gristmill was at Espyville, some nine miles distant. The father had to work out by the day in order to supply his family with the necessaries of life, and in going to his labor Monday morning he would order either 144 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY a bushel of corn or wheat, and returning home at the completion of his week's work, he would carry the ordered grist—meal or flour, as the case might be—home, on his back, walking, thus burdened, the entire distance of nine miles. He was a stone mason by trade and in early days he was principally employed in the district lying about five miles beyond Espyville. The father died here, at the age of sixty years, and the mother at the age of seventy-three years. The former was a farmer by occupation, a Whig in his political views, anda member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. and Mrs. Knapp had thirteen children, viz.: David, Benjamin, Eliza A. (deceased), Ira, Sophia, Edwin (deceased), Mary Jane, Martin (deceased), Rufus, Margaret (deceased), Lewis, Elizabeth and Edd. Lewis was a soldier in the late war, a member of the Sixth Ohio Cavalry. Obed Knapp, the subject of this sketch, with the other children, assisted in clearing the home farm. At the age of twenty-one years he began working by the month for himself. After being thus occupied for a period of four years, and having earned and saved an adequate Sum of money for the purpose within that time, he moved onto a farm of fifty acres, which he had purchased in the township of New Lyme. In 1860 he sold the first farm and purchased the one he now occupies. In August., 1862, he enlisted in the 29th Ohio Infantry, Co. C, was with Sherman in his famous march to the sea, was wounded in the right leg at the battle of Gettysburg, and also received a wound at Dug Gap. He was honorably discharged at Louisville, Kentucky, July 13, 1865. Mr. Knapp now owns eighty-seven acres of fine farming land, which contains a residence, 18x26 feet, with an L, 18x26 feet, a good barn, sugar and fruit orchard, etc. November 2, 1848, he was united in marriage to Lovina M. Fleming, a native of Oswego county, New York, and a daughter of Theodore and Nancy (Ainslie) Fleming, natives also of New York. The parents removed to Trumbull county, Ohio, and later settled in Ashtabula county, where the father died, at the age of fifty-four years, and the mother at seventy-three years. Both were members of the Baptist church. The former was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. Fleming had five children,— Hiram, Lovina, Albert, Symmira and Caroline. Mr. and Mrs. Knapp have two children: their daughter Symmira is the wife of Harlow Palmer, of this township, and they have two children, Jay and Roy; and their son, Cassius Wayne, a resident of Waushara county, Wisconsin, has three children,— Ethel, Flora and Roy. In political matters, ters, Mr. Knapp affiliates with the Republican party, and socially, is a member of the G. A. R., Hiram Kile Post, No. 80. Both he and his wife are members of the Baptist church. W. H. McCALL, firmer and slater, Conneaut, Ohio, was born in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, July 9, 1856, son of John and Mary Ann McCall, both nal tives of Pennsylvania. John McCall was a contractor and builder. He passed his life in Middlesex, in his native State, and died there in October, 1888, at the advanced age of eighty-three years. During the late war, notwithstanding his age, he volunteered and served two years. At the battle of Gettsy burg he was shot in the ear, after which he went borne on a surgeon's discharge, and never returned to the army. His wife died in March, 1887, aged sixty-nine OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 145 years. Both were life-long members of the United Presbyterian Church. Their family was composed of two sons and nine daughters, as follows: Alonzo, who was killed in the battle of Gettsyburg, July 3, 1863, aged twenty years; Melissa, wife of John Gundy; Elizabeth, wife of D. W. McCready; Sarah Jane, wife of John Lytle; Matilda and Marilda, twins, the former the wife of F. Means, and the latter of F. J. Glasgow; Mary and Emma, twins, the former the wife of C. Mayrs, and the latter of Matthew Boggs; W. H., whose name heads this sketch; and Eva and Ida, twins, the former now Mrs. W. W. McCance and the latter Mrs. Cal. Hayes. Emma was twice married, her first husband being John A. Wilson. W. H. McCall learned the tinner's trade in New Castle, Pennsylvania, of his brother- in-law, John A. Wilson, and has been engaged in this business ever since. For the past four years he has been engaged in business for himself in Conneaut. He is a finished workman, understanding his business in its every department, and has met with good success here. Mr. McCall was married March 8, 1883, to Miss Kittie I. Loomis, daughter of F. A. Loomis. They have three children, Frederick John, Irene Luella and Wade William. The oldest is deceased. Both he and his wife are members of the Congregational church. He is also a member of the Mystic Circle in Salem, Ohio, Jr. O. U. A. M. DAVID C. OSBORNE, D. D., a prominent minister of the East Ohio Conference, stationed at Conneaut, Ohio, has long been identified with the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Following is a brief sketch of his life: David C. Osborne was born in Ripley, Chautauqua county, New York, August 3, 1831, son of P. S. and Mary A. (Platt) Osborne, natives of Washington county, New York. His father was a tanner, currier and shoemaker in early life, and later a merchant in Sherman, New York. He filled several minor offices in his county, and was well known there. He was reared in the United Presbyterian Church, but became a Methodist and was a member of that church up to the time of his death, in 1871, at the age of eighty-three years. His wife died July 31, 1846, at the age of forty-three. She was a Presbyterian for many years. They had a family of four sons and six daughters, David C., the subject of this article, being the oldest. The other sons are Platt S., Harris B. and James W. Platt S. learned his father's trade and was engaged in business until death, September 12, 1887. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was an active and useful man, being gifted in music. Harris B. is an eminent physician in Kalamazoo, Michigan, and James W., also of Kalamazoo, has attained prominence as an attorney. Of the daughters we record that Lucretia is the wife of Dr. C. P. Graves, of Alden, Illinois; Ann, wife of Dr. S. McNair, Blackberry, Illinois; Harriet, wife of Hon. S. P. McCalmont, of Franklin, Pennsylvania; Cynthia died at the age of thirty-three years; Isadore, wife of F. L. Brown, of South Vernon, Vermont; and Mary, widow of Mr. Benedict, Sherman, New York. David C. Osborne entered the ministry at the age of twenty-two years, and has since been actively engaged in the work of the Master. Previous to the division of the Erie Conference, he was a member of that 146 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY body, and since then has belonged to the East Ohio Conference, filling many of its best appointments, both as stationed minister and as Presiding Elder. Among the appointments he has filled we mention those of Franklin, Titusville, New Castle and Erie in Pennsylvania, and Akron, Cleveland (Erie Street Church), Steubenville, Massillon, Canton and Youngstown, in Ohio. In many of these charges churches were built or improved d uring his pastorate. He came to Conneaut in October, 1890, and in his labor here 'has given a high degree of satisfaction. The present Methodist Church of Conneaut was begun in 1886 by T. F. Phillips. When it was completed money was subscribed to provide for the debt. The amount, however, was not paid up, and other means were used to raise the money. Upward of $9,000 has been paid within the past two years and a half. The church membership has increased, and both the church and Sabbath-school are in a flourishing condition. Dr. Osborne was married in 1856 to Miss Arvilla M. Hill, daughter of Rev. B. S. and Mary Hill, of Wattsburg, Pennsylvania. Rev. B. S. Hill, a clergyman in the Methodist Episcopal Church, was at one time the Tract Secretary of the Erie Conference and a Presiding Elder of the Jamestown district. He was also a delegate to the General Conference atits session in Boston, Massachusetts, when, by reason of ill health, he was compelled to assume a supernumerary relation to the Conference, his friends were so many that he was elected to the Legislature from the Erie (Pennsylvania) district. He was appointed Chaplain of the lower house by his official colleagues, who recognized his great Christian integrity. He retired from the active ministry and was appointed Postmaster by President Grant, and continued to hold this office by successive appointments, until the election of President Cleveland, in 1884. He also served as Justice of the Peace for two or three .terms, and was recognized as a man of great ability and force of character. Five children were born to Dr. and Mrs. Osborne, and all received excellent educational advantages, by which they have duly profited. The names of the children are as follows: Bryan H., David W., Cyrus C., Mary and Donald P. Dr. Osborne is a member of the Masonic fraternity. In person he is tall, of commanding presence, dignified yet cordial in manner. After more than forty years in the pulpit, he is still an earnest student. He is a preacher of more than ordinary ability, is modest and retiring in deportment, and is public-spirited and patriotic. He has been successful in all lines of church work, and has, by his ability as a preacher and his personal worth as a Christian man, won the admiration and love of those to whom he has ministered. Mrs. Osborne is a clergyman's wife in every sense of the word, being loyal to the cause of Christ and in perfect sympathy with her husband's work. JUDGE JAMES P. CADWELL.—Conspicuous among the eminent jurists of Jefferson, Ashtabula county, Ohio, stands the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, and who has received, within the last ten years, some of the highest official positions in the gift of the people, the duties of which have been dispatched with 9,bility and lion or. Judge Cad well of the Probate Court of Ashtabula county, a progressive citizen and worthy man, was born in this county, October 26, 1853, son of Rodger S. and Elizabeth Jane (Putnam) Cadwell, the former born in OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 147 Hartford, Connecticut, in 1811, and the latter a native of Columbiana county, Ohio. The mother was a daughter of Isaac Putnam, a native of Vermont, who came to Ohio in 1825 and settled near Wellsville, Columbiana county. Isaac Putnam married Mary Ann Birney of Virginia, who was a cousin of John C. Calhoun, the celebrated statesman of South Carolina. Rodger Cadwell had three children: James P., the subject of this sketch; and two daughters. The worthy father died in Ashtabula county, aged seventy-six years, greatly lamented by all who knew him. The paternal grandfather of Judge James P. Cadwell, also named Rodger, was born near Hartford, Connecticut, whence he removed with a colony to Ohio in 1817. He settled in Andover, Ashtabula county, of which he was a pioneer settler. Here he engaged in fanning, in which occupation he passed his life. Toward the close of his career, he went to Richmond, in the same county, where he died at the advanced age of ninety years. He had three sons: Rodger, father of the subject of this notice; Darius, afterward a Judge in Cleveland, and the only one now living; and James, who after a successful career in law died at the age of forty years. Judge James P. Cadwell, of this biography, was reared in his native county, attending the common and high schools of the vicinity. He commenced the study of law in that city in the office of Messrs. Simons & Wade, in 1877, but later was appointed Deputy County Clerk, in which capacity he served for three years. He was admitted to the bar in 1881, and began his practice in Jefferson in the following year. Possessed of a keen, analytical mind, great perseverance and energy, he mounted gradually in his profession until he became Prosecuting Attorney for Ashtabula county, to which position he was re-elected three years later. In 1890, he became Judge of the Probate Court, receiving the nomination from the Republican party by acclamation, and had no opponent. he is now filling the term for which he was elected. Judge Cadwell was married. in 1885, to Miss Ida M., daughter of J. H. Baldwin, of Jefferson, Ohio, and they have two daughters; Donathy and Susan. Fraternally, the Judge is a Knight Templar Mason and a Knight of Pythias. As a citizen and man he is deserving of the high regard in which he is held by his fellow men. FREEMAN A. TUTTLE, M. D.—Ohio is well represented in the medical fraternity, proudly boasting of some of the most intelligent, best educated and most thoroughly experienced men of that profession, conspicuous among whom stands the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. Dr. F. A. Tuttle, a skillful physician and surgeon and public-spirited, enterprising citizen of Jefferson, Ohio, was born in Fairfield, Huron county, this State, April 29, 1831: His parents, Chauncey and Roxana (Charpenter) Tuttle, were natives of Connecticut and New York, respectively, in which latter State they were married. The father was of English descent, his ancestors being farmers, which occupation he also followed. In 1831, this worthy couple joined the westward sweep of emigration, removing to Huron county, Ohio, where both passed their remaining years. They had five children, who were deprived by death of the mother's tender care when the subject of this sketch was a mere child. The subject of this biography was reared and educated in his native city, where, when he was but eighteen years of age, he emu= 148 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY menced the study of medicine under the tuition of a local physician of note. He continued these studies three years and at the same time attended the Medical Department of the Western Reserve University, at Cleveland, at which he was graduated in 1851. He commenced the practice of his profession in Reading, Michigan, where he remained seven years, returning, at the end of that time to Plymouth, Richland county, Ohio, where he practiced until the opening of the war. In 1862 he became a surgeon in the Eighth Ohio Regiment, and served in thacapacity until the spring of 1864, when he resigned his position on account of the effects of a sunstroke, received while stationed at the Rapidan river, in Virginia. After recuperating at his home for six months, he became Surgeon of the One Hundred and First United States Colored Troops, with which regiment he remained until the spring of 1866, when he again resigned. Dr. Tuttle then settled in Jefferson, Ohio, which place has ever since been his home. Here he entered the practice of his profession and at once received substantial encouragement. He enjoys a large and lucrative patronage. He at the same time opened a drug store, which he conducted profitably until he sold it in 1889. Thoroughly a student and with a commendable desire to add to his already large stock of knowledge and extensive experience, the Doctor took a post-graduate 'course at the University of Pennsylvania in 1884. In 1852, the Doctor was married to Miss Harriet Pulver, and they had three children, one of whom, a son, Harry E., now survives. The devoted wife and mother passed from earth to her reward in 1885, leaving a bereaved family and many friends to mourn her loss. Thus, after a life of conscientious endeavor, Dr. Tuttle finds his efforts crowned with success, coupled with which is the deserved tribute of respect of his fellow men. In politics he is a Republican. CURTIS R. MORFORD, born in the '50s of the present century, belongs to a family whose ancestors came from Scotland, Ireland and Wales. His early life was passed with his parents on a farm in Vernon, Trumbull county, Ohio, and he attended the district school in what is known as District No. 3, Vernon township, Trumbull county, until he was sixteen years of age. In 1873 he entered the Hartford Academy at Hartford, Ohio. He taught district school in West Salem township, Mercer county, Pennsylvania, during the winter of 1875—'76, and was similarly occupied at Hartford Center, Trumbull county, Ohio, in the winter of 1876—'77. In March, 1877, he entered Grand River Institute, then under the charge of Professor Jacob Tuckerman, and in June, 1879, graduated in the classical course with the degree of B. S. During his two years at this institution he paid his tuition by teaching classes in natural philosophy. In September, 1879, he entered Western Reserve College at Hudson, Ohio, where he paid his board by working in Dr. Cutler's garden, setting glass in the windows of the college dormitories through which the boys had kicked foot-balls, and by teaching classes in the preparatory department of the college. In September, 1880, he entered the sophomore class in the University of Rochester at Rochester, New York (M. B. Anderson, president), and graduated in the full classical course in June, 1883, receiving the degree of OF NORTHEASTE1?N OHIO - 149 A. B. He sailed for Germany the same month, and after traveling in Germany, Belgium, Holland, Switzerland and Italy during the summer and until the last of October, he returned to Heidelberg, where he entered the university as a student of philosophy. He later studied in Hanover, Berlin and Paris, and spent some time in London, after which he returned to the United States. In September, 1885, he was elected instructor in Latin and modern languages in the Classical and Scientific Institute at Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania. About the same time he received from the University of Rochester the degree of A. M. After two years he resigned this position, and in September, 1887, assumed the principalship of the high school in Ashtabula, Ohio. In 1890 he resigned this position to accept that of instructor in Latin and German in New Lyme Institute, which he at present occupies. In connection with the work of teaching he is editor of the Institute Bell, and gives public addresses occasionally on subjects pertaining to education. WILLIAM G. BUSS, a carpenter by trade and a highly esteemed citizen of Conneaut, Ohio, was horn in Canada, and dates the day of his nativity back to June 2, 1838. He first arrived in Conneaut when he was six weeks old, his parents having located here at that time. Mr. Buss is a son of Alford and Jane (Kibourn) Buss, who were born, reared and married in Vermont. Alford Buss was a tanner and currier by trade. He carried on business at Conneaut from 1854 until 1859; when he moved to Tennessee. In Tennessee he was engaged in the boot and shoe business until the spring of 1863, when, with his property burned by the rebels and his life threatened by them, and for no other reason than that he was a Union man, he was obliged to seek a home elsewhere. Just before he left a friend of his, a Union man, was found suspended by the neck and dead, and Mr. Buss had warning that unless he left within twenty-four hours he would share the fate of his friend. General Buell made his headquarters on Mr. Buss's premises while in that vicinity. Coming North with his family—wife and one son—Mr. Buss located in New Albany, Indiana. Eight months later he went to Galena, same State, where he spent the rest of his life, engaged in the boot and shoe trade. He was born in 1809 and lived to be seventy-six years of age. His wife, also born in 1809, died in 1866. Their family was composed of six children, as follows: Loring, who was accidentally drowned in Conneaut creek in 1842 at the age of six years; William G., the subject of this sketch; Henry, who came home from the army during the war, with health, impaired, and died two weeks later at the age of twenty-two; Alfred, who was in the same battery with his brother Henry the Second Ohio was discharged on account of disability in 1863, but recovered, and several years afterward died of heart disease; George, who enlisted in a Kentucky regiment in 1864 and served until the close of the war, is now a resident of Galena, Indiana; and Hattie, widow of Burr Emerson, is a resident of Crothersville, Indiana. William G. Buss first launched out in business for himself in a sawmill at Port Burwell, Canada. When the war broke out he came to the United States and enlisted at Ashtabula, Ohio, April 27, 1861, in Company I, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in the three months' service. He was discharged August 30, 1861, and on the 16th of the following