300 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY The congregation is a thriving one, with a good future. It is ministered to by Rev. Charles Tubbs. BAPTIST CHURCHES. The first move on the part of the Baptists for the organization of a church in Lucas county was in Toledo, in 1853, when, in June of that year, a meeting was held at the home of Henry J. Hayes, on St. Clair street. The result of this meeting was the organization of the First Baptist Church. There were eighteen charter members, and the Rev. Edward F. Platt was chosen pastor. A building was erected on Huron, near Cherry street, which cost $15,502. The present pastor is Rev. George C. Moor, D. D. The Second Baptist Church was organized from an undenominational movement, in 1861. On Jan. 10, 1864, the society was reorganized as the Second Baptist Church, and, early in 1866, Rev. S. G. Dawson dedicated a brick church on the corner of Fourth and Victor streets. Later, a site was bought on the corner of South Main street and Greenwood avenue, on which was erected one of the largest Protestant churches on the East Side. The building is of Sandusky stone, with outside dimensions of 96x63 feet and a seating capacity of 1,200 persons. The value of the whole property is estimated at $40,000. The present membership is over 400, which has grown from a charter membership of only eleven. The pastor is Rev. J. W. Roberts. The Third Baptist Church, situated on the corner of Woodruff and Canton streets, was organized, in 1868, for the colored people of the denomination. In 1853 a Sunday school was organized by O. M. Brown, which resulted after eleven years of mission work in the organization of what was known as the East Toledo Baptist Church. The Rev. S. G. Dawson was the first pastor, and he served in that capacity until his death, in September, 1875. In March, 1885, the name was changed to the Memorial Baptist Church, and a structure was dedicated to its use on the corner of Oak and Fort streets. Previous to that date, from the spring of 1874, services were held in the chapel part of the building, erected at that time to supply the temporary needs of the congregation. The church, for a number of years was supported by the Home Missionary Society, is now self-supporting and has a great influence in the community. The present pastor, Rev. C. J. Askins, has just been installed (June, 1910).- On June 9, 1872, the Oliver Place Baptist Church was organized, and property was purchased on the corner of Segur avenue, where a building was erected and dedicated shortly afterward. Rev. William Sheridan, the first pastor, had a nucleus of twenty-eight members. The present pastor is Rev. F. M. Spooner. On Dec. 5, 1886, at a meeting in the First Baptist Church, letters of dismission were granted to sixty-two of the members in order that they might organize the Ashland Avenue Baptist Church. Two days afterward these dismissed members, with others, perfected their or- CHURCH HISTORY - 301 ganization. On Monday, Dec. 13, 1886, the following officers were elected : Deacons—Alfred Wilkin, Charles T. Lewis, F. G. Roulet and C. N. D. Meade ; clerk, Irvin Belford ; treasurer, George B. Hull ; trustees—Dr. J. M. Bessey, Isaac D. Smead and J. D. R. Lamson. A call was extended to the Rev. Emery W. Hunt as pastor, which call was accepted, and on June 3, 1887, he entered upon the pastorate. Services were held for a time in a brick chapel, which was later added to, the corner-stone of the addition being laid Sept. 1o, 1893. The cost cf this property was in the neighborhood of $70,000. The membership is 748, with a large Sunday school, and it is one of the leading churches in Northwestern Ohio. The Rev. H. W. Vincent, D. D., has just been called to the pastorate. On Jan. 11, 1897, nineteen persons met in Sargent Mission Chapel for the purpose of organizing a regular Baptist church. The North Mission, which was organized by Deacon H. L. Sargeant, in 1861, was unanimously disbanded the same evening the church was organized. The church property is on Ontario street, near Buckeye, and has a membership of seventy-five in the pastoral care of Rev. C. H. Frank. THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (DISCIPLES). The Central Christian Church, on Eleventh street, between Madison and Jefferson avenues, is the oldest church of this denomination in the county. It was organized in September, 1872, under the pastorate of Rev. F. M. Green. The membership, numbering 650, and a Sunday school of 300, own a beautiful church valued at $50,000. As in the case o f other churches, missions branched out and soon became self-supporting, and as a result there are four prosperous organizations of this denomination. The present pastor is the Rev. Grant M. Speer. Norwood Avenue Church, the second of the Disciple churches, corner of Norwood avenue and Ewing street, was organized Oct. 11, 1889, with Rev. J. L. McDonald as pastor. It has a church property valued at $20,000. A membership of 300 and a Sunday school of 300 are under the pastoral care of Rev. Frank M. Field. South Church of Christ, at the corner of Broadway and Newbury streets, was organized in January, 1899. by Rev. C. W. Huffer. The membership at present numbers 225, with a Sunday school of 250. The church property is valued at $20,000. Rev. J. E. Gordon is pastor at this time. East Church of Christ, corner of Woodville and Forsyth streets, was organized in January, 1901. The first pastor was Rev. C. W. Huffer. It has a church property which cost $6.000, a membership of 16o, and a Sunday school of 225. The pastor is Rev. George Johnston. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The Episcopalians were among the first religious denominations to provide for adherents to their creed in Lucas county, having established a church in Maumee City, in 1837, the same being organized 302 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY under the name of St. Paul's. The first rector was Rev. B. H. Hickox, who came from the diocese of New York. At the present time that congregation is under the care of the Rev. L. E. Daniels, D. D., of Calvary Episcopal Church of Toledo. The second church of this denomination was organized in Manhattan township, in 1838. The first services held in Toledo were conducted at the court room, in Port Lawrence, by the Rev. Narcissus Lyster, in April, 1837. Trinity Church in Toledo is the outcome of a movement started in the early forties, and the formative period in its history is well illustrated by the following extracts from a letter written by the late Judge Emery D. Potter at the time of the observance of the semi-centennial anniversary of its establishment. In the letter Judge Potter says : "At that time the only house of worship in the town was a small wooden structure, standing where St. Frances de Sales Church now stands. This was a Presbyterian church. There was a Methodist society here, which held its meetings in a hall on Summit street, between Cherry and Locust. These were the only places where religious services were dispensed. But the subject of a church was agitated, till finally a public meeting was called to discuss the matter. A mixed multitude of believers and people who had no belief at all,- assembled. Most of our leading men, those who were expected to contribute the means to erect the church, were Unitarians, or professed to be some were. Friends. "After a lengthy discussion a vote was taken as to whether it should be a Unitarian or an Episcopal church. The Episcopalians carried the day by a small majority. The discussion, however, had waxed so warm between the Trinitarians and the Unitarians, that when the name of the church was to be agreed upon the Trinitarians, that no doubt should remain as to the character of the church, christened it `Trinity.' " In 1844 all joined hands in erecting the wooden edifice in which Episcopal service was administered until the erection of the present Trinity. The site of the building was donated to Trinity Society by the American Land Company, on condition that said society erect a building thereon, forever after to be used for religious purposes only. The Rev. Bakewell, a clergyman in Pittsburg, was the first to be invited to take charge of the little parish. He came here, intending to remain, but a flood of rain came upon the already unsightly little village and the streets were a swelling tide of mud. This condition, and the general reputation of the Maumee \Talley for unhealthfulness, were too much for the reverend gentleman, and he mournfully took his departure, although sincerely urged to abide in the "Future Great City." From 1844 to 1848. "many were called, but few chosen." To be more explicit, eleven gentlemen received calls to the rectorship of the little parish, and but four chose to accept, and each of these remained but a brief period. On Jan. 6, 1845, the building committee reported the church completed, and on Feb. 18, the Rev. Mr. Burger was offered the vacant parish at an annual salary of $500, and accepted it. On Nov. 16, 1845, a financial statement showing a clean record, and an instrument of donation having been prepared, Bishop Mcllvaine consecrated the CHURCH HISTORY - 303 little church. On May 13. 1846, the resignation of the Rev. Mr. Burger was accepted, and the parish was vacant until Sept. 7, of the same year, when Rev. Charles Avery, then recently of Salem, Mass., was elected rector, at a salary of $500 per annum. At the expiration of a year the reverend gentleman declined to continue in charge, and the parish was again without a rector until March, 1848, except for a short period, when Rev. Mr. Thompson was in charge. The real life and growth of the church began with the election of Rev. Dr. Wal- bridge as rector, in 1848. On Feb. 23, 1863, a committee was appointed to raise the necessary money for a church building, and in the following April $29,000 had been promised and the committee recommended contracting for a church building at $30,000. The currency derangements of the country, its depreciation in value, and the consequent advance in the price of materials and labor, rendered it necessary to add to the building contract about $13,000, so that the aggregate cost, without windows or spire, was about $42,000. The new church was consecrated on April 5, 1866. In 1868, Dr. Walbridge resigned to continue his service in Brooklyn, N. Y., having been with the church twenty years. In February, 1869, Rev. James Mulcahey, D. D., was elected rector, accepted the call, and remained with the church until his resignation in January, 1874, at which time he was appointed as minister to Trinity Church, New York City. On Jan. 24, 1874, Rev. E. R. Atwell was elected rector, but declined, and in March following Rev. Leighton Coleman accepted the call and remained with the church until March, 1876, when, on account of ill-health, he sent in his resignation. This not being accepted, Rev. Professor Brooks was engaged temporarily to act as rector. In November, 1877, Dr. Coleman resumed his work and continuel until 1879, when he withdrew and went abroad. Rev. E. R. Atwell was again elected rector, accepted and entered upon the discharge of his duties in January, 1882, continuing with the church until 1890, when Rev. Charles Scalding was elected. The last-named gentleman was succeeded in order by Rev. George Thomas Dowling, Rev. Alsop Leffingwell, Dr. Cyrus T. Brady and Dr. Gunnell, the present rector. Dr. Cyrus T. Brady did some remarkable work in the way of raising money and in making improvements on the church property. The first Easter offering after he came to Toledo was $7,000, and he doubled the contribution to the diocesan mission. The old parish house was filthy and Dr. Brady reconstructed it at a cost of $60,000, cleaning it from top to bottom. He put in a beautiful club room for the men, in the. basement, a chapel on the first floor, a choir room, ladies' societies room, a kitchen and dining room on the second floor, and on the third floor bedrooms and bathrooms for the curate and chorister, all lighted with electricity. In the fall of 1891 Trinity Church was enriched by the gift of the present beautiful and important memorial reredos. This reredos is unique in character, symbolic in design and particularly effective in place. The design comprises the entire treatment of the eastern wall. The reredos proper has been restricted to the width of the windows in 304 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY its upright lines, supporting and reinforcing the lines of the tracing above, while on either side the design is so arranged as to connect the center and most elaborate treatment with the side walls, thus securing a unity of effect which is especially to be commended. Below the central panel, chased in antique brass, is the inscription : "A. D. 1891, erected to the glory of God, and in loving memory of Eunice H. Davis, born June 29, 1824 ; died Feb. 17, 1891." The vestry recently purchased an organ at a cost of $16,000 ; and a choir of fifty voices, under the direction of the efficient organist and choir master, Herbert Sprague, is unexcelled in this country. St. John the Evangelist Church was organized in 186o, as a mission of Trinity Church. Rev. N. R. High was called, in December, 1861, as assistant rector of Trinity Church and to have charge of this mission. In 1863, its connection with the mother church was severed and it has been a separate organization since that time. The building is on Eleventh street, between Washington and Monroe streets. The late Rev. W. C. Hopkins was the rector for a number of years. The Grace Episcopal Church, a second mission of Trinity, was organized at the residence of Miss Anna Church, on Erie street, near Bush, in 1868. The parish was regularly organized in February. 1873. Rev. E. T. Perkins, assistant at Trinity, acting as rector. The church property consists of a frame church and a rectory on Stickney avenue, near Huron street. The present incumbent of the parish is Rev. H. L. McClellan. In 1869 services of Calvary Church were held in Chamberlain Hall. at Broadway and Segur avenue, conducted by Rev. Dr. Mulcahey, rector of Trinity. In 1871, a chapel was built on Broadway for the use of the new mission. The present building, a brick structure on Western avenue, is the home of the parish, whose spiritual needs are under the supervision of Rev. L. E. Daniels. St. Paul's. the parent church of the East Side. was organized as a mission about 1883, and for several years it received help from Trinity, but it soon became self-supporting and was organized as a separate parish, in 1890. The first rector was Rev. E. R. Atwell, D. D., who served from 1883 to 1890. A rectory was added to the parish property, in 1893. The rector now is Rev. J. C. Ferrier. On the corner of Collingwood and Virginia avenues is situated the impressive structure known as St. Mark's Church, one of the latest church additions to the city. The building was dedicated Feb.. 4, 1906, and cost the new parish, when completed, the sum of $110,000. The rector is Rev. D. L. Harris. St. Thomas' Church and St. Andrew's Church complete the list of Episcopal churches in the city of Toledo. The late Rev. William C. Hopkins, who was the rector of St. John the Evangelist Church for a number of years, is remembered by the citizens of Toledo as a very able minister and the possessor of a beautiful and saintly character. His father. the celebrated John H. Hopkins, was Bishop of Vermont, and his son. Herbert Hopkins, was rector of the Church of the Holy Nativity. at Bronx, N. Y., from 1906 to the date of his death, in the spring of 1910. Herbert Hopkins grad- CHURCH HISTORY - 305 uated at Columbia University in 1893, and was professor of Latin in Trinity College, at Hartford, in 1905. He contributed a number of poems to Harper's Monthly and other magazines, and was the author of "The Fighting Bishop," "The Torch," "The Mayor of Warwick" and "The Fighting Pagan." He was married to Miss Pauline Bradford Mackie, the brilliant author of "The Little Salem Maid," "The Georgian Actress," "Madame DeBernay," "The Girl and the Kaiser" and "The Washingtonians." After his death his widow found among his papers the following beautiful poem, which was published in the Blade and which he wrote after one of his visits to Toledo to call on his affianced : TO TOLEDO AND FAIR ONE. Dear city of the shaded streets, beside the saltless sea, Catullus sang of Sirmio, and I will sing of thee, The river front, the ships, the roofs a-shimmer in the sun, The happy doorstep gossiping when summer days are done! And then the night, the tropic night, the sudden cooling rain, The scurry of a thousand feet, the slamming of the pane ; And when the thunder dies away, above the gleaming street, The maples murmur melodies, the stars are shining sweet. I love thee in the April dawn, when dew is on the ground, I love the wakening of life, the carnival of sound, The cable-cars and factories, the heaps of ruddy ore, The schooners heading for the bay, the long retreating shore, The autumn winds, the rain of leaves, the winter's drifting snow— But best of all, the summer nights when voices murmur low ; And far beyond the balconies and laughter floating faint, The frogs' eternal orchestra begins the old complaint. Dear city of the shaded streets, beside the saltless sea, I cannot linger by the door where love began for me, I can but dream beside the lamp three thousand miles away, And think I sit again with her at closing of the day. Again I hear the cooling rain, the scurrying of feet : The maples murmur melodies, the stars are shining sweet. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. The early history of St. Francis de Sales parish is also the. early history of Catholicity in Toledo. Many of the laborers on the Wabash & Erie canal were Irish and were among the first settlers in the city. Bishop Purcell, hearing that many Catholic laborers were engaged in this work and were living in the city, he directed the Rev. Emanuel Thienpont, then at Dayton. Ohio. to visit them and attend to their spiritual wants. This was in 1837. and Father Thienpont was the first priest to visit Toledo. Father Edward Collins was the next, and he came in 1838. Both he and Father Thienpont visited the Catholic 306 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY laborers along the canal from Toledo to the Indiana State line, making the journey on horseback. Owing to the great distance to be traversed by these priests, Bishop Purcell made other arrangements, which led up to the organization of the first permanent work. Father Machebeuf, a French priest, who came to the United States about this time, and Father McNamee, of Tiffin, were appointed to visit and take charge of this part of the diocese. In November, 1839, Father Machebeuf visited for the first time the laborers on the National macadamized road, then being built through the black swamp, from Fremont to Perrysburg. Although the road was graded it was very rough, and the priest traveled on a pony, making but a few miles a day. At Perrysburg, he found one poor family of Canadians, living in a small cabin. From thence he journeyed to Toledo, which then comprised a few frame houses and log cabins, swamps and mud holes, where he found that there were a number of families, sick with "Maumee fever," to be ministered to. In the then small village a room was hired and an altar was made of boxes, decorated with .colored cloth. Thus the first church was organized in Toledo. In 1841, Father Rappe, afterward Bishop of Cleveland, was its first pastor, and he attended to the spiritual needs of the parish until 1846. During the four years of his pastorate, Father Rappe purchased a church building on Superior street from the Presbyterians, which building was reconstructed and rededicated to the Patron Saint Francis De Sales. At about this same time, the first parochial school was organized, and a branch of the Sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame was obtained. In October, 1847, Father Rappe was elevated to the Episcopacy and for two years, Father Louis de Goesbriand was pastor, to be succeeded, in 1849, by Father Foley, who built an addition to the church at a cost of $2,000. In April, 1859, Rev. Felix M. Boff was appointed pastor, and shortly afterward commenced the work of enlargement to suit the needs of the rapidly growing parish. The old church was moved and, in 1862, ground was broken for the erection of a new church, a brick structure, 75x165 feet, at the corner of Superior and Cherry streets. The new church was opened for the first service in 1869, and it was completed, except the spire (which is still unfinished), and dedicated in 187o. The building is of Gothic architecture and was erected at a cost of $70,000. From that time to the present, the old church has been used for parochial school purposes. In 1875, the Rev. Tames O'Reilley, then pastor, built a two-story brick addition to the school at a cost of $1,100. About 300 children attend the parish school, which is taught by the Christian Brothers and the Ursuline Sisters. The present pastor is Rev. John T. O'Connell. Until the year 1854, St. Francis de Sales was the only Catholic church in the city. The German portion of the parish was on the increase, and, in November, 1853, a petition was signed by over 200 German members of the parish for permission to build a church wherein they could worship in their own language. The petition was granted and in the following January, the Rev. Charles Evrard was appointed the first pastor of St. Mary's Church. Two lots were bought, on the corner of Cherry and Orange streets, and in the summer of 1854, the erection of the original part of the present church building was corn- CHURCH HISTORY - 307 menced, though since that time it has been considerably enlarged. The church was dedicated, March 25, 1857, by Father Wenninger, a noted Jesuit missionary. The cost of the church as it then stood was $12,000. In 1866, a spire in which three bells were placed was erected, and a large organ, the main altar and a pulpit were installed, these improvements costing an additional $45,000. From 1869 to 1904, the church was in charge of the Jesuit Fathers, the first to take pastoral care being Rev. Peter Spicher. In 1873, the corner stone was laid for the present three-story brick building for a parochial school. This was placed in charge of the Ursuline Sisters, who did faithful work until 1877, when they resigned to the Sisters of Notre Dame, who still have charge of the education of the children of the parish. The present pastor, Rev. A. M. Hachert, has spiritual oversight of 800 families. As the German Catholics wished to form a separate parish, so,' also, the time came when the French communicants wished for and obtained a church, with a pastor of their own blood and tongue. The parish was organized by Rev. Charles Evrard, at that time pastor of St. Mary's German Church, and was given the name of St. Joseph's Church. In 1876, three lots were bought by Father Jecker, on the corner of Erie and Locust streets, and the present church was commenced, but lack of means prevented him completing it. The work of completion was left to the next pastor, Father Sauvadet, who dedicated the finished church Dec. 8, 1878. The same year a brick addition was built in the rear of the church for the purpose of a parochial school, and it was used for this purpose until 1880. The Ursuline Sisters have charge of the school. The present pastor, Rev. L. Nougaret bought the property next to the church, on Erie street, in 1894, and at a cost of $2,500 built a new school building, which was ready for use in 1895. The church was renovated, in 1899, at considerable cost to the parish, but to the entire satisfaction of the 175 families composing it. In 1862, the Rev. Edward Hannin was commissioned to organize St. Patrick's parish in the south part of Toledo. Lots were bought on the corner of Lafayette and Thirteenth streets, where a brick structure was built and dedicated on St. Patrick's Day, 1864, by Bishop Rappe. The building, with its furnishings, organ and bell, cost $27,000. In 1863 a temporary school building was erected, and the present permanent building was commenced, in 1864, and completed the following year, at a cost of $20,000. The building is of brick, contains eight rooms, and is in charge of the Ursuline Sisters who have the supervision of 400 children. St. Patrick's Academy, as it is called, has always taken high rank among the schools of Toledo. In 1866, a fourth brick building was added to the property. In June, 1873, Father Hannin commenced the erection of the St. Patrick's Institute building, which was completed in 1874. This Institute, built of brick, four stories high, contains besides society rooms and a gymnasium, a well appointed parish hall. The building fronts on three streets, the main facade being on Lafayette street. new church building was commenced in I842. finished and dedicated in 1901, and cost upwards of $150,000. It of cut stone. Gothic in architecture, and has a seating capacity of 308 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY persons. The Rev. J. P. McClosky is the pastor at present, with a parish of 400 families. St. Peter's Church is the second offshoot of St. Mary's German Church in Toledo, and was organized, in 1866, by the Rev. Peter Danenhoffer. Four lots were bought on South St. Clair street, on which was erected a two-story brick structure for a temporary church and school. In 1873, the corner-stone of a permanent building was laid, and the building was finished and dedicated in 1875. The new church, a brick structure, cost the parish $34,000. In 1891, the building was renovated at a cost of $i0,000. After the new church was in use the original combination building was remodeled for a parochial school. and is still used for that purpose. The parish consists of 360 families, of which Rev. Gustave H. Ricken is pastor. The Immaculate Conception Church was organized, in 1867, by Father Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's. He bought land at the corner of Western avenue and Summer street, where he built a small brick church. The parish was organized at the request of Father Hannin, his parish being too large. The first resident pastor was Father Quinn, who was followed by other pastors who did faithful work. When Father J. P. McCarthy took charge, he called a meeting to discuss the question of a new church, and in 1891, laid the foundation on the lots on Broadway, which had been bought, in 1871, by Father Quinn. In 1896. the church was completed and dedicated by Bishop Horstman. The building which cost $65,000 is a beautiful brick structure of Gothic architecture, the stone trimmings adding greatly to the apearance of the church. The parish consists of 650 families, favorably located in a flourishing part of the city. Rev. C. V. Chevraux is the pastor. The increase of the French-Canadian population of Toledo necessitated the foundation of a second—St. Louis—parish, in 1871. Lots were purchased on Sixth street, East Toledo. and in the same year the church was built and dedicated by Father Jecker. The building is a plain brick structure, costing $3,000. In 1872, Father Gauthier succeeded Father Jecker as pastor. In 1880, during the pastorate of Father Thein, a school was organized and built and placed in charge of the Ursuline Sisters. The present membership of the parish is 250 families, the Rev. John Harks being the pastor. The Church of the Good Shepherd was organized in 1872, by Rev. R. A. Byrne, in the old Union Church building, in southeast Toledo, the building then being owned by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and afterward used by them for a roundhouse. In 1873, the present church was built. The parochial school connected with this church is one of the largest in Toledo. The church, a magnificent structure on Clark street, can be seen a great distance, its beautiful dome reaching toward the clouds. The pastor of the parish is the Rev. Patrick O'Brien. The first Polish family in Toledo, in 1871, was visited and ministered to occasionally by key. F. X. Schulak, of Chicago. A number of other families having settled in the city by 1874, permission was obtained to build a church for themselves. In the fall of 1874, the Rev. V. Lewandowski arrived from Poland and was appointed pastor CHURCH HISTORY - 309 of the congregation—St. Hedwig's—in the city. Nine lots were bought on Dexter street, on which was built, of brick, a combination church and school. On Feb. 17. 1886, the church was almost entirely destroyed by fire, but it was rebuilt and rededicated in June, of the same year. In 1876, the parish had seventy-five families and it now has 600 families. In 1891, the pastor—Father Wieczorek—and his people felt the need of a larger church, and a new building was commenced on the corner of La Grange and Dexter streets. This beautiful stone building, costing $65,000, was completed in 1892. A parochial school building., of the same style of architecture and the same material as the church, besides a pastor's residence, covers the lots originally purchased. The school has the care of 600 children. Catholic Maygars began to settle in Toledo in the year 1888. There was no priest here who could attend to their spiritual needs, but Rev. C. Bohm, of Cleveland, came occasionally and ministered to these families, until 1898, when Rev. R. Paulovits was sent to fast Toledo to organize a parish, now known as St. Stephen's parish. Ten lots were secured for a church site on the corner of Genesee and Consaul streets, where a frame church building was erected, at a cost of $3,000. In 1898, Father Paulovits bought a house and lot next to the church, for the priest's residence, and, in 1899, a parish school was opened in a frame building which cost the parish $2,000. The school is in charge of the Notre Dame Sisters at this time and is rapidly increasing in numbers. The parish numbers 125 families and is under the spiritual supervision of Rev. J. P. Shimko. Until 1881, St. Hedwig's church served all the Polish families in Toledo, but the rapid increase in the number of persons of that nationality compelled the formation of a second parish, St. Anthony's. Lots were bought on Nebraska and Junction avenues, and a frame church was built in 1882. In 1883, a two-story frame building was built for a parochial school and placed in charge of the Felician Sisters. The school was taught by them until 1888, when they were succeeded by the Franciscan Sisters, who still have charge. The first pastor. Rev. M. F. Orchechowski, was appointed to the parish in 1884. On July 15. 1894, a new church edifice was dedicated by Bishop Horstmann. The buildihg, which is of brick. Gothic in architecture, cost $95,000, exclusive of altars and other furnishings, and it was built under the pastorate of Father Motulewski. In 1900, work was commenced on a new school building, which was completed in Igor. The parish is one of the largest in the city, containing 650 families, of which Rev. A. J. Suplicki is pastor. In March, 1883, about 100 German families petitioned the Bishop of the diocese to separate them from St. Mary's in Toledo, which petition was granted. and Rev. John Thein was appointed as pastor of Sacred Heart of Jesus Church. He bought eight lots on Sixth street, for $1,400, beginning immediately the erection of a combination building, for church and school, costing $5,000. In 1889, the present pastor, Rev. A. Eilert, bought four lots opposite the church and built the present two-story brick school building. In 1895. two additional lots were bought and the school was enlarged, the 300 children of the parish being 310 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY placed under the instruction of the Ursuline Sisters. The rapid increase of the parish necessitated the erection of a permanent church, which was commenced in the fall of 1899. It is a thriving parish of 250 families. St. Anne's Church was organized, July 3, 1898, by the present pastor, the Rev. J. H. Muehlenback, at Auburndale. A site of ten lots was bought, Dec. 8, 1898, for $10,000, and in May, 1899, the foundation for a combination church and school building was laid. The edifice is a handsome three-story structure, of Sandusky limestone, and is divided as follows : Chapel in the first story, schools in the second, parish hall in the third. The building, which was dedicated July 8, 1900, cost $26,000. The membership of 250 families is composed of Irish, German and Belgians, and is steadily growing. The school enrollment is 300 children. As a result of the work done by the society organized by the Rev. L. Nougaret, under the name of the Association of Catechists of St. Joseph's Church, a petition was sent to the Bishop, in 1898, asking for a priest to organize a new congregation in North Toledo. At that time the request could not be granted on account of the scarcity of priests, but, in June, 1900, the Rev. W. A. Harks was directed to organize St. Michael's parish. For a time the old Methodist meetinghouse was rented and used. In July, 1900, lots were bought and plans adopted for a three-story brick combination building, and also a pastor's residence. The cost of both buildings was estimated at $20,000, and they were ready for use in 1901. The parish is composed of Germans, Irish and French. Our Lady of the Rosary, a Slovak church on Front street, was organized in 1906. There are already forty families in the parish, which is preparing to build a church home. The priest in charge is Rev. Valentine Cichy. St. Adelbert, a Polish parish, recently organized on La Grange, corner of Oakland street, is in charge of Rev. J. P. Wachowski, and St. Charles, a church on the corner of Detroit and Wayne avenues, is in care of Rev. Charles Herr. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES. First Westminster was organized as the First Presbyterian Church, in January, 1855, an old school Presbyterian organization of the Maumee Presbytery. There were twenty-seven charter members, Rev. J. M. Baird being the first pastor. Services were held in Stickney Hall, on Summit street, until the summer of 1860, when the Bethel, on Lynn street, was rented and occupied for several years. In 1865 the society bought a lot on the corner of Huron and Orange streets, and three years later the corner-stone of the present church was laid. In 1871 the building of the superstructure was commenced. It was completed in 1873, and was dedicated early in 1874, during the pastorate of Rev. H. M. McCracken. The membership at present is 379, and the pastor is Rev. A. H. Hibshman. Westminster was organized, Nov. 7, 1865, with Rev. H. M. Bacon CHURCH HISTORY - 311 as pastor. The movement was encouraged by the First Congregational Church, for better religious service in that part of the city. The Presbyterian connection was chosen, and the Maumee Presbytery received the new church into communion, with forty-one charter members. Between the years 1870 and 1873 the structure at the corner of Locust and Superior streets was erected at a cost of $47,000. The building was used as a church until 1909, when it was sold to St. John's Roman Catholic College, and it is now known as Westminster Hall. The membership mainly united with the First Westminster. The Third Presbyterian congregation was organized, June 26, 1870, and a building was erected, dedicated Jan. 1, 1871, at the corner of Broadway and Knower streets. The first pastor was Rev. Robert Edgar, and the present pastor is Rev. J. F. Shepherd. The East Side Presbyterian congregation was organized, Feb. 11, 1894, and conducted services for a long time in Cook's Hall. On Sept. 1. 1897, a church building was commenced, and it was dedicated the same year. This was used for several years, until the growing needs of the congregation demanded larger quarters. It was decided to rebuild and, in 1906, a new building was erected at the corner of Starr avenue and Seventh street, costing $15,000. In May, 1908, Rev. E. Berger took charge of the work, which is in a prosperous condition. The membership at present is 247. A new frame church is the home of the Dorr Street Presbyterian congregation, at 1511 Dorr street. About two years ago the members of the Norwood Presbyterian Church sold their property on Woodstock avenue and united with the Dorr Street congregation, thus losing their own identity. The church has a membership of sixty-one and is under the pastoral care of Rev. Charles Marston. The history of the Collingwood Avenue Presbyterian Church only dates back to 1893, when a few families gathered in a vacant building on Ashland avenue to conduct a Sunday school and to worship. These families formed the nucleus of the society that has developed into one of the leading churches of Toledo. An organization was effected, in 1894, with 151 charter members. In October of the same year the Rev. A. W. Ringland was called as pastor and remained until 'April, 1896. A chapel was built on Prescott street, at a cost of $3,000, for a temporary place of worship, and, on Nov. 30, 1902, the corner-stone of a new church building was laid with imposing ceremony. The building is Gothic in style, of Berean sandstone, and it cost completed $110,000. The Rosewood Avehue Presbyterian Church, situated on Bancroft, between Whitney and Rosewood avenues, was organized as the Fifth Presbyterian Church, later taking the present name. The society owns a beautiful stone church and has a membership of 310. The pastor is Rev. D. H. Johnston. The First German Presbyterian Church was organized in r871, to minister, as its name implies, to the needs of the German citizens of the faith. A church building was erected on the west side of Canton avenue, under the care of Rev. M. Koehler. The Waterville Presbyterian Church was organized, in 1837, the 312 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY Rev. Benjamin Woodbury being the first pastor. In 1856 a church was built in the village of Waterville at a cost of $1,500. The First Presbyterian Church of Maumee, according to the old records, was organized as the First Presbyterian Church of Christ, in Waynesfield township, Jan. 4, 1820, in a school house near Fort Meigs. Two ministers—Revs. Monteith and Burgess—seem to have fostered this church in its infancy. There were eleven charter members, and at present the church has a membership of seventy. The church edifice and session house were erected in 1837, and are monuments to the memory of Levi Beebe and Gen. John E. Hunt. At present the church is under the pastoral care of Rev. F. A. Kuder. LUTHERAN CHURCHES. Salem is the oldest church of the Lutheran faith in Toledo, and it was organized, in 1840, as a church of the German Iowa Synod, to care, in a spiritual sense, for the German citizens in this city. The society erected a frame building on the site of the present structure, on Huron street, betwen Elm and Chestnut. After thirty years, in 1870, the present large brick building was erected, and it is still in use by the membership, which aggregates 173. The first pastor was Reverend Cronnewett. The church is without a pastor at present, the late pastor, Rev. R. Klinksick, having died in June, 1910, after a long and faithful ministry. The name of Reverend Klinksick will long be remembered by his parishioners for his loving influence. St. Paul's, the second Lutheran church in Toledo, was organized, in 1854, under the name of the Joint Synod of Ohio. The congregation owns a large church on Erie street, betwen Adams and Oak. The pastor is Rev. W. E. Schuette. St. John's, German, the first Lutheran church on the East Side, was organized, in 1862, by the Rev. John Doerfler, and it belongs to the German Iowa Synod. The church was incorporated, in 1863, as the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation of St. John. The present church building was erected in 1876, at a cost of $4,500. The pastor is Rev. William Wacke. St. John's, on the corner of Erie and Harrison streets, was organized, in 1864, by members of the German Iowa Synod, for the benefit of the German families in the neighborhood. The pastor is Rev. S. Poppen. Trinity Lutheran is a German church of the Synod of Missouri, and was organized in 1874. The building, on the corner of Vance and Ewing streets, is supported by the adherents of that branch of the church, as is also a parochial school for the children of the church. The pastor is Rev. H. W. Querl. St. Peri is also one of the German Iowa Synod churches, and was organized in 1873. The first pastor was Rev. C. Markscheffel, under whose administration a church edifice was erected, on the corner of Nebraska avenue and Hawley street. The present pastor is Rev. Theodore Meier. St. Stephen's was organized, in 1881, as the First English Evan- CHURCH HISTORY - 313 gelical Lutheran Church of Toledo, allied with the Ohio District Synod of the General Council. There were forty-one charter members, and the pastor was Rev. J. L. Smith. In 1883, the church edifice was built, and, in 1888, the congregation was reorganized under the name of St. Stephen's. There are 500 members at present, and Rev. F. S. Beistel is the pastor. The church property is located at the corner of Oliver and Harrison streets. The Church of Peace is located at the corner of Walbridge and Hawley streets, and is under the Joint Synod of Ohio, with Rev. O. A. Bertram as pastor. The German Lutheran Apostle, at the corner of Stickney avenue and Yates street, is allied with the Synod of Michigan, and Rev. E. E. Wenk is the pastor. Grace English Evangelical Lutheran Church, at the corner of Pinewood avenue and Fender street, is of the Ohio District Synod of the General Council, and Rev. G. Schmogrow is pastor. St. Jacobi is situated at the corner of Ayers and Baxter streets and belongs to the German Iowa Synod. Rev. M. Brueckner is pastor. St. Lucas, at the corner of Walbridge avenue and Frank street, is a church of the Synod of Michigan. Rev. H. C. Hamfeldt is pastor. The Emanuel German Lutheran, organized March 11, 1888, with only eight charter members, is a church of the Missouri Synod. The first pastor, Rev. C. Strasen, organized the congregation in the frame building which at present is used as a parochial school, situated on Erie street, back of the church building. The latter edifice was erected in 1894. The parish consists of eighty families, and the parochial school has about eighty children and two teachers. The parish is ministered to by Rev. Theodore Horst. Trinity, a church of the General Council, is situated on Langdon and South avenues, with Rev. C. Wilker as pastor. Zion is a German Lutheran Church. of the Synod of Michigan, at the corner of Belmont avenue and Hawley street. Rev. W. G. Bodamer is the pastor. St. Marcus, organized Jan. 20, 1884, as a church of the General Council, is built on Grasser street, near Brand. The present pastor is Rev. E. J. K. Schmidt. St. Mark's German Church, situated on 'Woodville, corner of Baker street, is a church of the Canada Synod and was organized, in 1884, by Reverend Huebner. The present pastor is Rev. J. Strempfer. The Martin Luther English Lutheran, on the corner of Sixth and Nevada streets, and belonging to the Ohio District Synod of the General Council, was organized, in 1890, by the Rev. E. L. T. Engers. The present church edifice was completed in 1891. Services are conducted both in German and English. The pastor is Rev. William Brenner. St. Matthew's English Lutheran, on the corner of Putnam and Batavia streets, was organized in the fall of 1894 by the Rev. Hiram Peters, D. D. A small frame church edifice was built and used for some years. In 1907, under the pastorate of Rev. Luther Hogshead, the corner-stone of a beautiful church of Bedford stone was laid, 314 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY and the building was dedicated, April 5. 1908. The cost of the building as it now stands is $43,000. The church, belonging to the General Council, has a membership of 325, under the care of Rev. G. A. Bierdeman, D. D. Glenwood Avenue English Lutheran was organized, Easter Sunday, 1901, and is the only church of the General Synod in the county. Services were held for some time in a store room on Monroe street. A lot on Glenwood avenue, corner 0f Monroe street, was bought the same year for the sum of $2,400, and on May 11, 1902, the new church was dedicated. The building, which is of stone, cost, as it stands, $8,000, and is but part of a plan, which will be completed as the needs of the congregation require. The church was organized by the Rev. F. E. Learner, who is still pastor, with a membership at this time of z00 and a Sunday school enrollment of 150. St. Luke's English Lutheran Church of the General Council, the youngest Lutheran church of the city, was organized in 1905. Services were held for a short time in a hall on Bush street. A stone church edifice was built and dedicated, in 1907, on the corner of Bush and Ontario streets, at a cost of $10,000. The pastor-elect is Rev. Dr. Potts. UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. Salem German Church, at 654 Hamilton street, was the first church of this creed in the city of Toledo. The organization was effected, in 1868, by the Rev. Edward Lorenz, who was the first pastor. Similar in doctrine to the Methodists, the church has often been called the German Methodist. It is known as a revival church, adding to its membership largely by this method. The present pastor of Salem is Rev. Henry Oehlschlegel, who has the pastoral oversight of over 15o members. Memorial United Brethren Church, at the corner of Hicks street and Lawrence avenue, the second of this denomination, was organized, in 1894, by Rev. F. P. Rosseleau, to minister to the English adherents of the faith. The church has had a steady growth since its founding, having now a membership in excess of 300. It owns a fine church property, costing $35,000, now under the care of Rev. C. M. Eberly. Second United Brethren Church, corner of Dorr street and Upton avenue, was organized, in 1899, by the Rev. M. R. Scouten. For some time the class met in a store room, until such time as they could build a church edifice. About a year after its organization the erection of a substantial church edifice was begun, and soon afterward it was dedicated, the cost of the building being $5.000. The membership is about 13o, with Rev. R. H. Turner as pastor. Colburn Street United Brethren Church, located a few doors from Broadway, was organized by Rev. S. W. Shoup, in 1901, and is the result of a mission from Memorial Church. The new organization soon commenced building and, in 1905. dedicated its church edifice, a comfortable and adequate brick structure, which cost about $12,000. The class also owns a fine parsonage adjoining the church property. CHURCH HISTORY - 315 The membership is 220, and there is a Sunday school of 310 members, all under the leadership of Rev. M. R. Ballinger. East Broadway United Brethren Church, on the corner of Nevada street and Broadway, was organized, in 1901, by the first pastor of Colburn Street Church, Rev S. W. Shoup. The church building, a frame structure, was erected in 1904, and the members are proud of the record they established, building and dedicating the edifice in thirty days. Plans have been submitted for a new building, to cost about $20,000, and which they expect to dedicate within the next twelve months. The present pastor is Rev. C. N. Crabbs. EVANGELICAL AND REFORMED EVANGELICAL. City Park Evangelical Church, on the corner of Woodland avenue, has an English congregation and membership of about 200. The church was organized about eighteen years ago and is now under the care of the Rev. A. F. Totheroh. Salem Evangelical Church was organized to look after the German citizens of that denomination in Toledo. The building is located on the corner of Vance and Division streets and the congregation is ministered to by Rev. E. W. Yaecker. Zion Evangelical Church, with a congregation of both German and English members, is located at Detroit and Fernwood avenues. The pastor is Rev. C. H. Rundt. St. Paul's Evangelical, a church of the Evangelical Synod of North America, is a new organization, its church edifice, at the corner of Phillips and Vermaas avenues, having been built in 1909. It has a membership of something over fifty, and a large Sunday school. The first pastor, Rev. F. A. Goetsch, is now a missionary in India. The present pastor is Rev. Theodore Merten. Grace Reformed Church, at the corner of Kenilworth and Fulton streets. and organized as a German and English church, has services divided between the two languages. It is a large and prosperous parish. presided over by Rev. J. H. Hornung. The Hungarian Reformed Church, as the name implies, was organized for the benefit of the Magyars of that faith, and is located on the East Side. at the corner of Bakewell and Ann streets. There were 150 members ehrolled at the time of organization, in 1903, and the membership has grown to over 200 at the present time. The first pastor was Rev. S. Aharvany, and the present pastor is Rev. Eugene Boron. The congregation has a large stone church edifice, which cost $15,000. and a parsonage that cost $4,200. Memorial Church, at the corner of Nasby and Greenwood avenues. was organized by the members of the German Reformed Synod for the German citizens of that part of the city. The church, with a promising future, is under the pastoral care of Rev. Geo. F. Zinn. Salem Evangelical German Reformed Church, at the corner of Stebbins street and Prouty avenue, is at present under the spiritual guidance of Rev. J. Wernly. Zion Evangelical German Reformed Church is located on Canton avenue, the pastor being Rev. J. F. Winter. 316 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY FREE METHODIST CHURCHES. The First Church of this branch of the Methodist church is located at the corner of Peoria and Bluff streets. and was organized, in 1889, as a mission. The church is a small one, but the members are zealous and are doing a good work. The pastor is Rev. J. W. Headley. The East Side Free Methodist Church, on Main street, was organized in 1894, by the Rev. W. B. Olmstead, and is presided over by the pastor of the First Church. CHRISTIAN SCIENCE CHURCHES. The First Church of Christ, Scientist, at the corner of Monroe street and Lawrence avenue, is a fine stone structure, devoted to the study of religion, according to the faith of that sect. It is in a prosperous condition, with a rapidly increasing membership. Readers who lead the meetings are appointed at stated times. Reading rooms in connection with the church disseminate knowledge of the Scriptures for the membership and others interested. The Second Church of Christ, Scientist, is situated at the corner of Prescott and Fulton streets, and is the overflow of the First Church of this aggressive body of Christians. The membership is in a healthy and flourishing condition. It has a reading room in the Nicholas Building. OTHER CHURCH ORGANIZATIONS. The first Unitarian church in Toledo was organized, in 1862. in a frame building at the corner of Adams and Superior streets, which had been built for a Campbellite Baptist church. The organization now owns a fine building at the corner of Prescott street and Ashland avenue. The minister in charge is Rev. Abraham M. Rihbany. The United Presbyterian, of East Toledo, one of the new churches of the East Side, is located at the corner of Navarre avenue and Berry street. The pastor is the Rev. Jos. W. Kerr. The First United Presbyterian Church is located at the corner of Delaware and Glenwood avenues. The Rev. F. E. Dean is the pastor. The Seventh Day Adventist Church is located at the corner 0f Orchard street, west of Broadway. The elder is Rev. A. C. Shannon. The Swedenborgian church, the Church of the New Jerusalem, is on Lawrence avenue, near Delaware*. The Rev. Chester A. Mack is the minister. The Independent Association of Spiritualists holds its services every Sunday evening at 414 Thirteenth street. The Church of Christ, a free chapel of non-sectarian views, holds services at 411 Tenth street. The Church of God owns a small church edifice at the corner of Woodstock and Midway streets, on the Norwood addition, where it is engaged in a scheme of colonization. The organization dates from 1909. The minister and promoter is Rev. J. N. Worden. CHURCH HISTORY - 317 Besides these separate organizations, there are twenty missions. assisted by or connected with the other regular churches, and named as follows : All Saints' Episcopal, Colored Mission ; Christian and Missionary Alliance, a separate religious body ; German Apostolic Christians : Grace and Truth Chapel ; Flower Industrial Home ; Friendship Mission, a colored Baptist mission ; North Toledo Baptist Mission ; North Toledo Christian Mission ; Old Adams Street City Misson ; Onward Chapel, a Presbyterian mission to Bulgarians on Licking street ; Russel Street Baptist Mission, Salvation Army Mission, Toledo Door of Hope, Toledo Gospel Mission, Union Mission, Summit Gospel Mission, Young Men's Christian Association Bible classes, Young Women's Christian Association Bible classes, United Brethren Mission, and Lutheran Mission. JEWISH SYNAGOGUES AND CONGREGATIONS. Anshie Safford, 528 State street—Rabbi Louis Klein. Beth Abraham, on Spring street—Rabbi Itzik Epstein. B'Nai Israel Synagogue, on North Twelfth and Woodruff streets —Rabbi Jacob Silverman. B'Nai Jacob Synagogue, corner of Union and State streets—Rabbi Moses Silbermann. Vermont Avenue Synagogue, near Adams street—Rabbi Samuel Rosinger. Scottwood Avenue Temple (Reformed Hebrew), between Monroe and Bancroft—Rabbi David Alexander. OTHER RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS. The Young Men's Christian Union, afterward the Toledo Young Men's Christian Association, was organized Aug. 28, 1865. Rooms for the work of the association were secured in the Hartford Block and were occupied for several years. The efforts of the association were confined largely to providing a place where strangers could make desirable acquaintances. A reading room was opened, social meetings were held, and religious meetings were conducted every Sunday. In the spring of 1883, a permanent building, on the corner of Summit and Orange streets, was purchased and occupied. This gave new life and broadened the plan of work of the association. At a meeting of the directors, held March 1, 1893, a proposition from the Walbridge heirs to present the association with property on Michigan street, provided the sum of $35,000 would be given by the citizens toward the erection of the new building, was formally accepted. The board formed a syndicate and bought 135 feet on Tenth street, joining the property on Michigan street. The growth of the work was so steady and sure that a new and larger building was a necessity. After a struggle, and by. faithful and persistent effort, plans were secured and the present magnificent seven-story building was completed, thoroughly equipped in every particular for the needs of an association of its kind. The Young Women's Christian Association was developed from 318 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY the Working Girls' Union and was incorporated, in 1891, under the laws of Ohio. The first president was Mrs. C. C. Doolittle, and Miss Agnes Gale Hill was the first general secretary. For the first few years of its existence the association was quite nomadic, having moved no less than nine times since its incorporation. Its first home was on the third floor in the Dorst Block, the second in the Detwiler Building, the third at 620 Madison avenue, the fourth in the Lungren house at the corner of Erie and Madison streets, the fifth in the National Union Building, the sixth in the Lungren office on Erie street, where clubs were formed, the seventh on Superior street, over the Starr Piano Company's store, the eighth at 324 Erie street, and the ninth move was the crowning one, when it took possession of its beautiful new building on Jefferson avenue, corner of Eleventh street, which was dedicated in the week of Nov. 16, 1908. In 1893, or thereabouts, the Toledo Association affiliated with the American Committee and the World's Committee of the Young Women's Christian Association, and it is now taking an active part in the local and foreign fields. It is interesting to note that Miss Agnes Gale Hill. the first general secretary of the Toledo Association, is now National Traveling Secretary in India, where the work is carried on just as it is here. The work of the association is preventive and not rescue work. The beautiful memorial home, given by John T. Newton in memory of his wife, affords the girl, coming to the city as a stranger, a protection until she becomes acquainted. Besides this, is the religious, educational and industrial part of the work. Clubs among all classes of girls are formed, many of them using the administration building weekly for club meetings, Bible classes, etc. That the work is practical may be seen by the classes in cooking. sewing, millinery, embroidery and china painting. A fine and well equipped gymnasium is open to members. These privileges are all to be had for one dollar per year. Looking at the plans for the future, it would seem as though the association was just beginning to reach out. The membership is now 1,800. The work of the Salvation Army in Toledo is but a repetition of their work all over the world. A branch of that aggressive religious body which was founded in London almost forty years ago, by Gen- earl Booth, it is engaged here in a work of rescue among the social and moral outcasts. Its peculiar methods of work appeal to many, and it may be justly said that it has reclaimed many meh and women in this city that could not have been reached by other religious sects. The city of Toledo is a better place because of the zealous work of this organization, which progresses in the most systematic way. Besides the religious work, which was organized about twenty years ago, it has an industrial branch, established in 1904, and which is a work peculiar to itself. A valuable property is owned at the corner of Illinois and Michigan streets, the same being a three-story brick block, the ground floor of which is a general second-hand store, where goods of every possible description are sold, after having been collected from over the city by means of eight wagons. The upper floors of the building are used for offices and rooms to accommodate about thirty- CHURCH HISTORY - 319 five laboring men, who may be out of work, with board and lodging. The expenses of this branch of the work amount to $12,000 per year, which is largely raised from the proceeds of the wagons, sold in the store. The property is valued at $20,000. Adams Street City Mission was organized, in 1871, for the relief of the poor and distressed of the city of Toledo, and to do religious and charitable work generally. Father Beatty was the first superintendent and served five years, being followed by Gen. P. S. Slevin. In January, 1900. the mission was incorporated by the following citizens : C. O. Brigham. Robert Quaife, Chas. L. Young, W. C. Chapman, Allen G. Jennings, and John T. Greer. The work, which is a mission of love, consists of a Sunday school, conducted every Sunday afternoon at three o'clock ; a girls' club, on Tuesday evenings ; a woman's club, on Wednesday evenings ; a mothers' meetings, on Saturdays, and also a girls' sewing class. The last two named have been conducted for twenty-five years by Mother Hiett. There is also a day nursery, where from twenty-five to fifty children are cared for and fed, twice daily. This greatly assists widows and mothers who are forced to earn their own living, by offering a safe place for their children. A nominal sum of five cents a day is asked for each child, except in extreme cases, so that no child is shut out from this retreat on account of money. Two nurses are in constant attendance, and the best of care is taken of the little tots. In 1847, the Rev. Thomas Cooper, chaplain for seamen, organized a Seamen's Bethel in Toledo. The first quarters of the Bethel were in Mott's Block, at the corner of Summit and Monroe streets. A flag, presented by the ladies of the city, was run up over the building every morning and taken down in the evening, to mark the place and make it easy for seamen to find. In 1852, permanent quarters on Vine street were obtained, and were used for twenty years, being then abandohed, owing to changed conditions. The attention of the workers was then given to railroad work. RELIGIOUS WORK IN THE TOWNSHIPS. A union church was organized, in the fall of 1883. and at a cost of S2.000, an edifice was built. under the auspices of the Woman's Chris tian Association of Adams Township. It was divided into an audience room and a room for meetings of the Association, and the pulpit was supplied from the Detroit avenue Methodist Episcopal Church. Two United Brethren churches have been organized in Monclova township, by the Reverends Needles and Bright. Both congregations erected brick churches, which are still in use by this denomination. The Methodist Episcopal church had a class in that township for some years, but it was finally abandoned. The Disciples of Christ also abandoned their work, their meetings having been held in a school house. The oldest church in Oregon township is the Baptist. (See Toledo churches). Prior to 1845. religious service's in Providence township, both Catholic and Protestant, were held in private houses. The first church 320 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY edifice erected there is said to have been St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church, erected in 1845. This is one of the oldest church organizations in the Diocese of Cleveland. The first priest was Father Maloney. The first Protestant church edifice constructed was a union building, but it was destroyed by fire, in 1858. There was never any regular minister, the pulpit being supplied from adjacent sections of the country. Salem church, erected in 1868, was supplied in the same manner. The United Brethren, or German Methodist—as it was commonly called —was organized through the efforts of Rev. James White. St. Malachi, German Reformed church, was erected in 1877. The Christian church, a prominent organization with a large membership. was organized, in 1874, by Rev. O. J. Britton. Mount Pleasant church, of the Methodist Protestant Conference, was erected in 1882. The first religious organization in Richfield township was the Methodist Episcopal church, at Berkey, and it was known for years as "Farley's Class." The first pastor was Rev. James Evans. A church building was erected, in 1869, at a cost of $2,500. The present pastor is Rev. J. A. Steen. The Christian church in that township was organized, in 1855, by Rev. Stillman Post. A second church edifice was erected, in 1870, by the congregation. the former one having been outgrown. The Baptist church was organized, in 1861, as a mission, by Rev. A. H. Cole. In 1868, a church edifice was built at a cost of $3,000. The Immaculate Conception church, Roman Catholic, in Spencer township, was the result of services conducted by Father Rappe, in private homes, in 1838 and the following thirteen years. In 1851, a log church was built, which was succeeded by a frame building, in 1864. This was burned in 1875, and was replaced the following year' by a fine structure, which was destroyed by a tornado, in March, 1880. Another building was immediately erected and it is one of the finest rural church buildings in the county. The German Reformed church of Spencer was organized, in 1852. and a church edifice was built in 1864. The membership is large. The Baptist church was organized in the early days of the county, and services were held in the schoolhouse and private homes. Rev. A. H. Cole was the first pastor. The church building was erected in 1873. The German Baptist church was organized, in 1878, by the Rev. Sebastian Site. The Methodist Episcopal church of Springfield was organized. about the year 1850, and, in 1859, subscriptions were raised by Thomas Wood for the erection of a church building., to be located one mile south of Holland. The building was dedicated that year. The present pastor is Rev. William. Hook, of Toledo. The Free Methodists have a brick church at Holland, built in 1870 by Rev. L. T. Fink. Rev. Elnathan C. Gavitt, a Methodist preacher, is said to have preached the first sermon in Sylvania township. in the mill of Gen. David White. A class was formed there as early as 1834, and not long after that the first Methodist church edifice was built in the woods. The present church in Sylvania was built, in 1863, by Rev. Henry Boyer. The Congregational church was organized as the First Presbyterian Church of the town of Whiteford. in November, 1834. In 1844 it CHURCH HISTORY - 321 adopted the Congregational form of government, and since that time has been known as the First Congregational Church of Sylvania. The building was erected and dedicated by Rev. Worthington, in 1851. The first preaching in Washington township was by the Rev. J. A. Baumgardner, as early as 1825. A class was formed at Ten-Mile Creek, which is really the starting point of all the Methodist churches in this part of the country. As the settlement increased, it became more convenient for those residing in the vicinity of the Milburn Wagon Works to meet in their own neighborhood. The classes were divided, and part of them formed the nucleus of the Monroe Street Methodist Episcopal Church, of Toledo. Both churches were served by the same pastor for some years, until they became separate stations. (See Collingwood and Monroe Street Churches, of Toledo). The Waterville church is said to have been organized the same year as the church at Maumee, in 1834. The church was built between the years 1841 to 1844, under the pastorate of Rev. H. S. Bradley. The present pastor is Rev. E. L. Motter. The Methodist Episcopal church at Whitehouse was organized, in 1846, by the Rev. J. B. Peat, who was the first pastor. In 1872, a church building was erected at a cost of $1,800. The pastor is Rev. E. L. Motter. The Presbyterian church is mentioned with the Presbyterian churches of Toledo. The German Lutheran church was organized, in 1866, by Rev. C. F. Kalding. Services were held in an old schoolhouse before that time, and up to that time the nearest church building was at Maumee. In 1876, Rev. Theodore Meier took charge and organized a second congregation in the village, giving alternate Sundays to each. Services in the village were held in the Presbyterian church until 1886, when the present church building was erected. There is also a German Reformed church in Waterville, organized in 1886. CHAPTER XIV. THE PRESS OF THE COUNTY. FIRST TOLEDO NEWSPAPERS-PERSONAL MENTION OF EDITORS-OTHER EARLY PUBLICATIONS-THE TOLEDO BLADE-COMMERCIAL-EX PRESS-OTHER PAPERS OF MORE RECENT DATE-GERMAN NEWSPAPERS-POLISH PERIODICALS- LIST OF PRESENT PUBLICATIONS-TOLEDO PRESS CLUB. Toledo, at the beginning of the year 1834, was a straggling village of some 200 inhabitants. It can hardly be truthfully said that there was at that time "a long felt want" for a newspaper, but the pioneer journalist is never very far behind the pioneer farmer and artisan. In May, 1834, James Irvine Browne came to Toledo from Easton. Pa. He was then about twenty-eight years of age, a gentleman of education and refinement, and withal, quite a poet. He came under an arrangement with Edward Bissell and others, for the purpose of start ing. and conducting a newspaper. It was expected that the printing press and materials would soon follow, but delays were caused in different ways, and it was not until about Aug. 15, 1834, that the initial number of the Toledo Herald made its appearance, the first newspaper issued within the present limits of Lucas county. It was a very creditable sheet, in both contents and appearance, but only three or four numbers were issued when Mr. Browne was taken- sick, necessarily suspending the paper, as he set up his own type and worked his own press, having neither "Jour." nor "Devil" to assist him. Soon thereafter the paper was revived, under the name of the Toledo Gazette, and with the same management. With the sparse population of Toledo and its environs, it is hardly to be supposed that the proprietors of the paper depended to any great extent upon their subscription list for a revenue. The office of publication was located on the south side of Lagrange street, about half-way between Summit and Water, on the second floor of a two-story frame building, and over a grocery and provision store kept by Daniel Washburn. The chief support of the paper was derived from the real-estate interests of Mr. Bissell and others who owned land in the embryo city, and the paper's main object was to call the attention of prospective settlers in the West to the advantages of Toledo. That its early issues were somewhat irregular is indicated in the fact that in a period of thirty-two weeks twenty-one numbers were published. Mr. Browhe was the publisher of the paper only in the sense that his name appeared as - 323 - 324 - MEMOIRS OF LUCAS COUNTY such. He was in charge of the office, but probably had no pecuniary-investment in the business, the proprietors being leading property-owners of Toledo, who, as already stated, employed such agency for promoting their interests. Very prominent in that connection was Andrew Palmer, himself a practical printer and a former publisher in the State of New York, who turned his experience to account. When Mr. Browne severed his connection with the publication is not known, but in May, 1836, Samuel Allen gave notice that he was the owner of the office and had purchased all interest in the paper from its second number, as well as in the advertising from March 15, 1836. Capt. Samuel Allen was prominently connected with the early efforts to build up Toledo, and he has already been referred to on other pages of this volume, in connection with early affairs. With a portion of his family he first visited the Maumee valley, in October, 1831, but soon returned to his home in Lockport, N. Y. In the winter following, however, he re-appeared with a force of hands at the village of Vistula, and erected the first wharf in the new town, at the foot of Lagrange street. In the spring of 1832, he removed his family to Vistula, chartering the "Pioneer," a steamboat at Buffalo, and freighted her with family, servants, workmen, goods and provisions, landing at Vistula on May 31. The remains of Captain Allen now rest in Forest Cemetery. When Mr. Browne resigned his position as publisher of the Gazette he was succeeded by Curtis A. Bana, who remained at the helm until July 2, 1836. when he severed his connection therewith, and the material of the office was subsequently purchased by the late Adolphus Kramer, for use in establishing a newspaper at Hartford. now in Ottawa county. But the financial collapse of 1837 prevented the carrying out of that project, and in 1838, the material and presses were sold to a joint stock company of Democrats at Lower Sandusky ( Fremont) and were there used in printing the Sandusky County Democrat. Mr. Browne afterward returned to Pennsylvania, where he died. In the early part of 1836. a new Richmond appeared in the field of Northwestern Ohio journalism, under the name of the Toledo Blade. But little is known of the life and career of this great paper prior to May, 1837, when Fairbanks & Willard became its publishers, but it no doubt experienced the usual hardships of new publications in the pioneer towns of that day, when the difficulties attending the continuous issuing of a weekly paper were such as can scarcely be conceived now. A year's stock of paper, ink, cards, etc.. had to be supplied, and it was with the greatest difficulty that printers, who must receive a regular weekly compensation, could be induced to continue their labor. Especially was this true in the time of which we are now writing, when the rage for speculation had seized upon all classes. The Blade, however, was regularly issued, and a number of very able contributors added much to its success and usefulness. Abel W. Fairbanks and L. L. Willard became the publishers of the Blade, in May, 1837, but the latter's connection with it was only for a few months, and then the former became sole publisher. During