500 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY was nominated on the fifth ballot. I had been a resident of the city a little more than four years, had never been in a convention before, was not a member of a single club or fraternal society, and as my time had been largely spent outside the city in the oil fields I had of course but a limited acquaintance. The politicians and the wise men who fancied that they knew how it was all going to turn out were simply astounded ; they could not by any possibility account for such a strange performance, that an entire stranger, who had never done anything for the party, a comparatively unknown man, should walk in and capture a plum so longed for and so highly prized ; should jump, as it were, right over the heads of faithful party workers who had toiled long and patiently during many weary years to serve the party. "And yet it was all due to a little effort put forth to deal justly with our fellowmen, and the workingmen, the toilers who produce all and have so little, were quick to realize, keen to appreciate and anxious to place the seal of their approval upon even this small effort in behalf of the city. "Being unacquainted with the city I decided at once that the wise course for me to pursue was not to attempt the organization of a political machine, but to start out at once to tell some of the truths that had been crowding in upon me, speak my mind, make a plea for a better social order, for fair play, for a Golden Rule deal all around. In line with this policy I entered upon the work of the campaign, and though unused to public speaking made many speeches in various parts of the city, in parks, factories and little halls over saloons where I could assemble men together. On one, occasion I addressed a democratic club, advocating non-partisan municipal politics. (I have gone only a step further now that I am advocating absolute non-partisan politics under all circumstances, the absolute destruction of partisan politics as the necessary first step to the realization of free government.) Though vigorously opposed by the forces o f. individualism, and particularly by the saloon-keepers, who feared on account of the fact was known to be a member of a church, that a drastic policy would follow my election, I was elected by a majority of five hundred and thirty-four." During his first administration Mayor Jones says that he made no effort to serve the republican party nor to serve any other party, sect, clique or clan. He advocated some measures looking toward social justice in the management of the affairs and work of the city ; he strongly advocated the shorter work day, and at least two important departments are now operating under it, the police department and the waterworks department. He advocated, and the police commissioners adopted, the merit system instead of the spoil system that had for years kept the police department a wrangling, fighting, jarring collection of men, hating one another instead of loving one another. Many things that he did and the measures he advocated were called "radical," but on the whole the administration was well received by the people of the city and that portion of the country outside that knew anything about it. In his second annual message Mr. Jones advocated a large program of measures, favoring the establishment or control by the municipality of such public utilities as a fuel gas plant, electric lighting plant, civil service rule in all departments, the granting of no franchises without popular approval, the abandonment of the contract system of public works, and the improvement and extension of the park system, the schools, bathing beaches, etc. Some weeks after he sent in this message Mr. Jones received a letter from William Dean Howells who wrote : "I know of no public paper in these times of greater value than your annual message, TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 501 of which some unknown friend sent me a copy. It is full of good sense springing from the humanity which is the source of all good sense. With yourself and Governor Pingree in official life we cannot quite lose courage, even when the republic is trying to turn itself into an empire." In March, 1899, came the republican convention for the nomination of a candidate for mayor. The interesting account Mr. Jones gives of this convention is too long to be quoted, and it must suffice to state that as a result of familiar manipulation and after three ballots had been taken another nominee was named, this constituting practically a repudiation of the preceding mayor's administration. Immediately following the convention Mr. Jones announced himself as a candidate for the office of mayor on an independent ticket. A part of the letter making this announcement is as follows : "The principles which have guided me and upon which I shall go before the people as an independent candidate are : Equal opportunities for all and special privileges to none. Public ownership of all public utilities. No grant of new or extension of existing franchises. The abolition of the private contract system of doing city work. A minimum wage of one dollar and a half per day of eight hours for common labor ; organized labor to be employed on all public work. "As no criticism has been entered against the administration of the mayor's office, it follows that my defeat for renomination in the convention today is a repudiation of these principles. The methods employed to accomplish my defeat were so notoriously corrupt as to excite the indignation of all classes of the entire community, irrespective of party. The unqualified promise of support from these is a comforting assurance that government by the people has not yet perished from the earth The movement to defeat me found its chief inspiration in my well known opposition to the extension of the franchises of the street railway company and those sought for by the Water street railway, as the plans of men of eminent respectability will be seriously interfered with if these schemes are blocked." In the campaign that followed Mr. Jones had to deal not only with the determined opposition of the "interests" but also with the ministers of the various churches in the city, who found fault with him because he had not closed or would not promise to close the saloons and gambling houses of the city. In his reply to the ministers he said in part : "The records of the police court in this city reveal the fact that there have been many attempts in the past to enforce various phases of the saloon laws with the practically uniform result of a failure to make a case and the saddling of the costs on the city. This simply proves a well known truth that, no matter what law is on the books, the only law that can be enforced is the law that the public sentiment of the community will uphold. On this point I shall be explicit. I have enforced and shall continue to enforce all the laws according to the standard of existing public sentiment." Another spectacular feature of the campaign was a revival meeting led by the famous evangelist Sam P. Jones, who made some very violent attacks upon Mr. Jones' personal character and his conduct of both business and municipal affairs. The labor vote was almost unanimously in support of Mr. Jones, and in spite of many predictions that he could not be elected, the counting of the ballots showed that out of a total vote of over twenty-four thousand, Jones, the independent, received fully seventy per cent, carrying every precinct but one in the city. The funeral services of Samuel M. Jones were conducted at the family residence, and on the day that he was to be laid to rest friends began congregating in 502 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY the morning, many bringing with them their lunches, and thousands paid their last respects to the man they had so dearly loved and honored. The .streets were thronged with friends from the house to the cemetery. Services were conducted by Rev. Marion Hyde, Rev. Allan A. Tanner and Brand Whitlock. Never in the history of Toledo was there ever such a gathering of sorrowing friends, and too much could not be said of the love the people held for this grand good man. JOHN T. TAYLOR John T. Taylor, a native son of Toledo and a member of one of the old and highly respected families of the city, is now filling the office of sheriff of Lucas county and his course has won the approval of all law-abiding citizens, who recognize the fact that he is doing all in his power to protect their interests. He was born October 14, 1886, and is a son of John E. and Elizabeth (Meadows) Taylor, the former a native of England, while the latter was born at St. Catherines, in the province of Ontario, Canada. As a young man the father came to the United States and for many years he has successfully engaged in the practice of veterinary surgery in Toledo. The mother is also living. Three children were born to their union : Amy, whose death occurred in 1909 ; George. E., proprietor of the Taylor Trucking Company and a resident of Toledo ; and John T. John T. Taylor acquired his education in the Erie and La Grange street schools of Toledo and early displayed a spirit of independence and enterprise, working at the Toledo Yacht Club on Sundays when only eleven years of age, although he was not compelled to do so, as his parents provided him with all of the advantages enjoyed by other boys. Later he secured a clerkship in the grocery store conducted by Miller Brothers and remained in their employ for fourteen years, resigning to accept the appointment of deputy sheriff under Mr. Jackman, with whom he was associated until 1912. In 1902 Mr. Taylor had joined the Ohio National Guard, being made stable sergeant of Battery D, and in August, 1914, he was commissioned a lieutenant of the Sixth Ohio Infantry. Mr. Gardner at that time was sheriff of Lucas county, with the subject of this review as his deputy. When the trouble arose on the Mexican border Lieutenant Taylor was ordered to that section of the country, where he remained until the United States entered the World war, and while there stationed he was operated on for appendicitis. After he recovered he was sent to Camp Sheridan, Alabama, and later to Camp Lee, Virginia, where he was transferred to the One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Brigade, winning promotion to the rank of captain. In Virginia he had the handling of recruits and later he was made commandant of the stockade at Camp Lee, in which connection he had charge of one hundred and seventy-five prisoners of war. On the 5th of May, 1919, he was discharged from the service and returned to Toledo, joining the police department. He was placed in command of the mounted squad, but resigned in August, 1919, and secured an assignment with the United States shipping board, sending out government material from the Toledo factories. He was engaged in that task until June, 1920, when he was prevailed upon to accept the nomination for sheriff of Lucas county and won the election by a large majority, entering upon the duties of the office on the 3d of January, 1921, and in November, 1922, was reelected to a second term. He is strict, fearless and prompt in the performance of the work which devolves upon him in this connection and leaves nothing undone to enforce TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 505 the law according to his conscience. He is also deeply interested in the raising of fine horses and has won premiums at many state fairs, being awarded the second prize, in the saddle class, at the Columbus Fair. On the 23d of February, 1909, Mr. Taylor married Miss Emily Balbach, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Balbach of this city, and they have become the parents of two children : Marie, who was born in 1911 and is attending the Jefferson school ; and John H., born in 1916 and also a public school student. Mr. Taylor is a member of the Art Museum Association, the Lucas County Protective Association and the Young Men's Christian Association and through his connection with the Toledo Chamber of Commerce he does everything possible to promote the welfare and prosperity of his city. He is a member of the Toledo Riding Club and is also identified with Kern Post of the American Legion, while his fraternal connections are with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Loyal Order of Moose. Devotion to duty has ever been one of his outstanding characteristics and he is discharging the duties of his office in such a manner as to win the high encomiums of the general public. He is loyal to all those interests which make for honorable manhood and progressive citizenship and is recognized as a man of strict integrity, whom neither fear nor favor can swerve from the course which he believes to be right. WILLIAM CLIFTON CARR Banking institutions are the heart of the commercial body and indicate the healthfulness of trade and there is no institution which has done more to maintain stable conditions and contribute to the general development and progress along the lines of business in Toledo and northwestern Ohio, than the Second National Bank, of which William Clifton Carr is the vice president. He is a banker of thorough training, wide experience and of progressive spirit and aim and his labors have indeed resulted beneficially to Toledo along this and other lines as well. William Clifton Carr is a native son of the city. He was born August 18, 1873, the only son of Spencer D. and Martha Louise (Richards) Carr. The family has long been prominently known in banking circles here—the father was the dean of Toledo bankers and chairman of the board of directors of The Commerce Guardian Trust & Savings Bank, at the time of his death in 1922. William C. Carr completed his preliminary education by graduation from the Toledo high school with the class of 1892 and in the following October made his initial step in the business world as a messenger boy in the Second National Bank. Throughout the intervening period, covering three decades, he has remained in the bank, steadily working his way upward from a humble position to one of executive control. On the 10th of January, 1905, he was advanced from the position of assistant cashier to that of cashier and later he became the first vice president, in which connection he has continued. His labors have been an element in the steady growth and expansion of the bank, which is capitalized for a million dollars and has a surplus of double that amount, while its total resources exceed fifteen million dollars. He is treasurer of the Holland Bread Company, also of the Fifty Associates Company. His name is likewise on the directorate lists-of the Toledo Steel Castings Company, Toledo Steel Tube Company, The Gasser Coffee 506 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Company, The Blade Printing and Paper Company, and of the Allen Manufacturing Company, of which he is the president. For two and a half years he served as president of the Business Men's Club, following its organization and later he became a prominent member and influential worker in its successor, the Toledo Commerce Club. He is also a member of the board of education and was its president for two years. On the 18th of July, 1899, at Bowling Green, Ohio, Mr. Carr was married ti, Miss Cora Elizabeth Crim, a daughter of the Rev. J. M. Crim and a granddaughter of the Rev. Jacob Biddle, who was one of the first circuit riders of Ohio, riding from town to town on horseback, carrying the message of the gospel into the frontier districts of the state. Mr. and Mrs. Carr have become parents of six children : Robert Spencer, Richard Clarence, William Paul, Elizabeth, Rachel and Louise. The religious faith of the family is that of the Presbyterian denomination and for a number of years Mr. Carr has been one of the elders of the Collingwood Avenue Presbyterian church. His political endorcement has always been given to the republican party since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. Fraternally he is a member of Sanford L. Collins Lodge, F. & A. M., has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and is a Noble of Zenobia Temple, Mystic Shrine. He is a prominent member of the Toledo Club, the Country Club, the Inverness Club and the Toledo Yacht Club. He is typically American in his standards of life and thought, in his activities and in his appreciation of true democracy, and at all times he is a splendid example of the highest type of American citizenship. WILLIAM AUGUST LAY William August Lay, one of the best known men in Toledo, in the baking trade, has devoted practically his entire life to this line of business. At different periods he has carried on business independently, but is now identified with the Tri-State Baking Company. He was born in Baden, Germany, February 8, 1869, and is a son of Christian Lay, of whom mention is made in connection with the sketch of Gustave Lay on another page of this work. In his native country William A. Lay attended the public schools to the age of fourteen years, when he bade adieu to friends and native country and came with his parents to the new world. Here he continued his education in the grade schools of Toledo and also attended the night sessions of the Davis Business College, thus becoming well qualified for life's practical and responsible duties. In the meantime, however, he entered upon an apprenticeship to the baker's trade under Henry Birkenhauer, an east side baker, with whom he continued for three years after completing his apprenticeship. In 1887 he joined his brother, Gustave Lay, who had previously established a bakery, and with him was associated in the further conduct of the business from 1887 until 1903. In that year he opened a bakery of his own at Maumee, Ohio, but on account of illness in his family he had to sell his interests there and return to Toledo. Here he became associated with the United Baking Company, of which he was a member of the board of directors for six years, and remained with it until 1912, when that company sold out to the General Baking Company. With the latter corporation Mr. Lay was sales manager from the time of its organization until December, 1922. Since TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 509 severing his connection with the General Baking Company, Mr. Lay has been connected with the Tri-State Baking Company. There is no phase of the baking business with which he is not thoroughly familiar. Mr. Lay has been married twice. On the 21st of May, 1896, he wedded Mary Berger, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Reinhart F. Berger, well known in Toledo. Mrs. Lay passed away in this city September 23, 1909, leaving five children : Edward H., the eldest, born in Toledo, March 12, 1898, was educated in the public schools here and married Miss Edna Bollman of Columbus, Ohio, by whom he has one child, Mildred. They make their home in Columbus, Ohio. During the World war Edward H. Lay enlisted and served first in the Quartermaster Department at Camp Taylor, later with the Motor Corps and afterward was a member of the navy ; Reinhart A., the second son, was born in Toledo in 1902 ; Selma was born in 1904 ; and the twins, Milton and Melvin, were born July 21, 1907. They have all been pupils in the Toledo schools. On the 29th of August, 1913, in Detroit, Michigan, Mr. Lay was again married, his second union being with Miss Mary Hofflin, daughter of Jacob Hofflin. Mrs. Lay was born in Asia Minor, where her father conducted a grist mill. There is one child of this marriage, Lucille, born in Toledo, December 25, 1920. In exercising his right of franchise Mr. Lay endorses republican principles and loyally holds to the teachings of the party. Fraternally he is an Odd Fellow, belonging to both the subordinate lodge and the encampment and he also has membership in the Goodfellowship Club of Toledo and in the Reformed church. In 1895 Mr. Lay made a European trip, visiting the principal countries of Europe. He rode a bicycle over ground that was later the scenes of many of the great battles of the World war. Whatever success he has achieved is attributable entirely to his own labors. As a boy he started to work for his board and during his first six weeks received no other compensation for his services. Later he was paid fifty cents per week, which was his wage until he had learned his trade. Steadily and persistently he has advanced by reason of his capability and untiring industry and he has long been widely known in connection with the baking trade in northwestern Ohio. Mr. Lay's residence is at No. 2469 Vermont avenue. HORACE S. WALBRIDGE It is frequently difficult to discriminate among the individual factors in a city's growth and upbuilding. The difficulty is not present in considering the career of the late Horace S. Walbridge. He had a few peers and associates, but in the third of a century from the early '50s until the late '80s there was none whose position was of more unqualified prominence and whose interests and resources touched and vitalized more of the business, industrial, civic and philanthropic institutions, not only of Toledo, which for so many years represented his home city, but of the entire Maumee valley. A great deal of the important history of this section of the country is reflected in his personal biography. Into a lifetime of less than sixty-five years Horace S. Walbridge crowded manifold activities. He was born July 21, 1828, in Syracuse, New York, and died at his home in Toledo, January 31, 1893. For several years before his death he had been closing up his affairs and withdrawing from many enterprises which had felt the stimulus of his judgment and management, and it will serve to indicate somewhat 510 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY his prominence as a business man to note the institutions with which he was still officially identified when death took him away. He was at that time vice president of the Toledo Gas Light and Coke Company ; president of the Western Electric. Light and Power Company ; president of the Woodlawn Cemetery Association ; a director of the Superior Consolidated Land Company in Superior, Wisconsin ; and in a public way was a member of the board of elections. He came of substantial stock, being a son of Chester and Mary (Walbridge) Walbridge. In 1831, when he was three years of age, the family moved from New York state to Columbus, Ohio. Chester Walbridge there became a member of the firm of Bond & Walbridge, merchants. Two years later, in 1833, he moved his family to the town of Toledo. His family then consisted of his wife and three sons, Hiram, Horace S. and Heman D. At Toledo the father became identified with real estate interests. The year of their arrival at Toledo, Horace S. Walbridge had just about reached school age. School facilities were very limited and meager at that time, and the late Mr. Walbridge never boasted of a liberal education, though he had learned the fundamentals in the Toledo schools and had that great endowment of natural ability which enabled him to acquire a liberal education by his own experience. When only twelve years of age he became a clerk for Stephen Marsh, who was then one of the pioneer merchants of the town. Later he was with Charles G. McKnight in a similar service for eighteen months. Then, at the age of fourteen, he went to Palmyra, Michigan, as clerk in the store of Walter A. Titus & Company. During the winter of 1845-46 he superintended the construction of a sawmill at Ottawa Lake, Michigan. This sawmill was designed largely for sawing material for the track of the old Erie and Kalamazoo Railroad. In the spring of 1846 young Walbridge, then eighteen years of age, invested in a stock of straw hats, made by the French people at the Bay Settlement in Monroe county, Michigan, and took them to Cincinnati to dispose of them. Soon afterward he entered upon a new phase of his career which brought him into active touch with the great commission business of the middle west and also the transportation, banking and industrial affairs in and around Toledo. At Toledo he became an employe of Thomas Watkins, who was then doing a forwarding and commission business. Partly as a result of the Irish potato famine in 1846-47 there followed a year or so of enormous speculation in grain, and during that eager and bustling time young Walbridge was bearer of special market news to the agent of the house at Adrian, Michigan. On horseback he made the trip of thirty-three miles in four hours. In August, 1852, Mr. Watkins passed away, and Mr. Walbridge, then twenty-four years of age, took charge of the business of P. Buckingham & Company of Toledo. The following winter he traveled extensively along the route of the old Wabash and Erie canal, and invested an aggregate of about one million, five hundred thousand dollars chiefly in breadstuffs and hog products. He was thus the medium for distribution of an immense sum of money for those days, and it is said that one-half of the currency was forwarded by mail from eastern banks without the record of a single loss. Mr. Walbridge's ability and energy were then rated at a salary of one thousand dollars per year, which was a very generous amount for that time. At the end of the year he became a member of the firm, and continued as such until the business closed, February 1, 1857. It was succeeded by the commission house of Brown, Walbridge & King. Here were three names then and later con- TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 511 spicuous in Toledo commerce. His partners were the late Matthew Brown and Frank J. King. Another reorganization occurred later when the firm became Brown, Walbridge & Company and still later H. S. Walbridge & Company, the other partner being Ebenezer Walbridge. This firm continued until the spring of 1868. It was from the beginning one of the strongest and most successful commission houses in Toledo, and its sterling reputation was recognized in all the important centers of the middle west. In 1865 the house of Walbridge, Watkins & Company was established at Chicago, and was maintained there until the senior member withdrew from the grain and commission trade at Toledo in order to direct his attention to other matters, including real estate. In 1869 Mr. Walbridge was appointed one of the trustees under the Ferguson bill in the construction by the city of Toledo of the Toledo & Woodville Railroad. He was subsequently president of the board five years, while the line was being constructed. For at least twenty years Mr. Walbridge was prominent as a Toledo banker. He was president of the Northwestern Savings Bank during its existence, was one of the first directors of the organization of the Second and of the Northern National banks, and remained on the board of each institution for some time. He was one of three Toledo citizens who, with seven other associates, brought about the construction of the Columbus & Toledo Railroad. He was also one of the five whose action was chiefly responsible for the Detroit & Toledo connection with the Canada Southern Railway. Some of Toledo's most important early industries grew and flourished largely because Mr. Walbridge supplied capital and because of his judgment as a manager. In 1868, with Matthew Shoemaker, he took part in establishing the Union Manufacturing Company, which for a number of years was one of the most prosperous enterprises of the city. He was a large stockholder and was manager of the Maumee Rolling Mill, which was commenced in 1882 and completed and put in operation in November, 1884. About the time the plant was opened there occurred an extreme depression in the iron trade, and the mill was suspended, and the plant burned April 9, 1887. It was rebuilt, largely of iron construction, and was operated with natural gas as fuel from the recently opened gas fields. In February, 1888, it started operations, giving employment to five hundred men. These two were not all of the enterprises to which Mr. Walbridge gave his attention. For many years he was interested in Toledo real estate and owned and handled many important sections of city property. It was chiefly through his efforts that the Woodlawn Cemetery was provided. He could not be considered a politician, though some offices came to him, but his best service was rendered as a business man, and in those quasi-public positions which carry heavy responsibility but practically no remuneration and are not the prizes of politics. He was a republican from the time the party was organized. For several years he was a member of the Toledo city council, and as already stated, he was on the board of elections at the time of his death. He was president of the Lincoln Club of Toledo in 1864 and of the Grant Club in 1868. In 1879 he was a republican candidate for the state senate, and though running more than one thousand votes ahead of his party ticket in Lucas county, he was unable to overcome the normal democratic majority in his district. He positively declined to become a candidate for congress in 1880, though his nomination would probably have been equivalent to election. After all his busy career as a merchant, banker, railroad builder, industrial 512 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY leader, he never neglected those interests which were always an intimate part of his life and character, church, home and every moral institution. The definite details of this phase of his life can only be spoken of in general terms. He would have been the last to permit a specific record of his benevolences. It is known that he was almost constantly searching out the worthy poor, but the individuals benefited were often unaware of the source whence came their aid. He was one of the founders of the Trinity Protestant Episcopal church of Toledo and' for over thirty years was a vestryman. He gave generously of his means for the upbuilding of the church and for other churches, since he was not rigidly sectarian. As an officer and liberal supporter, he was prominent in the organization and maintenance of the Protestant Orphans' Home, the Home for Friendless Women and the Protestant Hospital. He was president of the Toledo Society for the Suppression of Vice. If the features of his career have been mentioned with due proportion and discrimination, it is evident that the late Mr. Walbridge was a man of absolute democratic simplicity and a fine type of the American business man of the past century. He was, in fact, very quiet and unassuming in demeanor, and in many ways exemplified that old classic ideal, "fortiter in re, suaviter in modo"—"Strongly in deed, gently in manner." He took life as he found it, but was always ready to work for the amelioration of evil conditions, and he was always animated by an optimism and a belief that the world was getting better. Those who remember his many acts of kindness and love recall that his benevolence was especially prominent along about the. Christmas season of the year. On October 18, 1854, Horace S. Walbridge married Miss Isabella D. Watkins of New Bedford, Massachusetts. Mrs. Walbridge was born May 13, 1831, in Westport, Massachusetts, a daughter of Thomas W. and Mary (Davis) Watkins. Mrs. Walbridge came to Toledo as a bride, and for almost_ forty years she and her husband traveled life's journey together. She was an active member of the Trinity Episcopal church and one of its most devoted communicants. She passed away at her home in Toledo, December 17, 1909. Mr. and Mrs. Walbridge were the parents of five children, three of whom are still living : Thomas H. is the oldest ; Mrs. N. Grace Secor is the wife of Arthur J. Secor of Toledo ; and Mary D. is the wife of E. W. Newton of Los Angeles, California. HENRY F. HORN Henry F. Horn, a member of one of the pioneer families of Toledo, is numbered among the leading hardware merchants of the city and his present success is the result of intense application, ceaseless watchfulness of opportunity, self-confidence and a readiness to assume responsibility. He was born in this city July 27, 1875, a son of Henry and Adeline (Ruch) Horn, both of whom were of European birth and emigrated to the United States in the early '60s. They established their home in Toledo, where the father engaged in various lines of business, remaining a resident of the city until the time of his death. The mother has also passed away. In their family were five children : Dr. F. J. Horn of London, England ; J. H. Horn, a resident of Los Angeles, California ; and Mrs. Martin Johnson, Mrs. William Sanzenbacher and Henry F. Horn, all of whom are living in Toledo. Henry F. Horn acquired his education in the public schools of this city and TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 515 on starting out in life for himself he secured employment in the Toledo Bolt Works. Shortly afterward he entered the hardware establishment of W. T. Hoffman & Company as a clerk, starting with a small salary. He performed each duty to the best of his ability and as time passed his faithfulness and experience won him promotion to more important and more lucrative positions. He remained with that firm for eight years, during which period he acquired a thorough knowledge of the business, and resigned to become manager of the F. G. Gemple Hardware Company of this city. In 1911 he purchased the business of W. T. Hoffman & Company, which he has since conducted under the style of the Horn Hardware Company, and his is one of the best establishments of the kind in Toldeo. He carries a large stock of high grade hardware and owing to his progressive methods and honorable dealing has won a large share of the public patronage in this line. On the 20th of February, 1908, Mr. Horn was united in marriage to Miss Orpha Ford Bennett of Lima, Ohio, daughter of John 0. and Ella Asenath (Ford) Bennett, both of whom were natives of Vermont and descendents of old New England families. Mr. and Mrs. Horn have four children : Francis Horn, who was born in 1908 ; Maybelle Elizabeth, whose birth occurred in 1910 ; Eleanor Jane, born in 1915 ; and Robert Lawrence, born in 1918. Previous to her marriage Mrs. Horn studied elocution under Elizabeth Mansfield Irving. She is prominent in club circles, being a member of the Toledo Colony of New England Women, of which she has served as president, and she is also a member of the Woman's Educational Club. Mr. Horn is a member of the Park Congregational church of Toledo and in politics he maintains an independent attitude, placing the qualifications of a candidate above all other considerations. His fraternal connections are with the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a self-made man who has fought and won in the great battle of life and Toledo is proud to claim him as one of her native sons. Mr. Horn's residence is at No. 123 Amherst drive. DERBY RIDLON SMITH The presidency of the Smith-Kirk Candy Company is held by Derby Ridlon Smith, who is most efficient in directing the activities of the corporation. It is true that he entered upon a business already established, but in controlling and enlarging this many a man of less resolute spirit or of more restricted business vision and insight would have failed. He has proven adequate to the demands made upon him and in association with his brothers is conducting the business along the lines of constantly increasing success and profit. Mr. Smith is a native son of Ohio, his birth having occurred in Cincinnati, August 8, 1884, his parents being Jerome H. and Helen (Ridlon) Smith, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Derby Ridlon Smith has been a resident of Toledo from the age of seven years and is indebted to the public school system of the city for the early educational opportunities which he enjoyed. He became a high school pupil and later received thorough training in- the Culver Military Academy of Indiana, which he attended from 1901 until 1904. When he had put aside his textbooks, returning to his home, he joined his father in the candy business, being then a young man of twenty years. 516 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY In this he was associated with his father until the latter's death, when he was elected to the presidency of the company and has since remained at the head of the business, bending his energies to administrative direction and executive control. His long experience under his father's supervision had brought him intimate and accurate knowledge of the business and the points necessary to the attainment of success in its management. His judgment in trade relations is sound and discriminating and his enterprise has brought substantial results. Mr. Smith has been married twice. He first wedded Emma Allison of Indianapolis and they became the parents of two sons : Allison Derby, born in February, 1912 ; and Jerome Henry (II), born in June, 1913. For his second wife Mr. Smith married Miss Frances Russell of Toledo, whom he wedded on the 25th of December, 1915. The various membership connections of Mr. Smith show the breadth and scope of his interests and activities. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, of which he is now the first vice president, and he also has membership in the Exchange Club, of which he was formerly president. In the Young Men's Christian Association he is serving as a trustee and the Masonic fraternity numbers him among its faithful followers. He has membership in the Inverness and Toledo clubs and he is fond of golf and fishing. Those who know him—and he has a wide acquaintance—speak of him in terms of high regard. His capability has constantly unfolded and expanded and he has not only proved adequate to the task of developing an important business interest but also at the same time has fully met all of the duties and obligations of citizenship, nor has he been unappreciative of the social amenities of life and of his responsibilities toward his fellowmen. HENRY C. LEE Henry C. Lee, a representative business man of Toledo, is at the head of one of the largest moving and storage houses in the city and represents a family which for nearly a half century has been closely and prominently identified with the commercial development and upbuilding of this section of the state. He was born in Waterville, Lucas county, Ohio, June 28, 1865, and his parents were William and Anna (Wiers) Lee, the former a native of England and the latter of Pennsylvania. In 1837, when but a year old, the father was brought to the United States by his parents, who settled at Archbold, Ohio, where he was reared and educated. Following his marriage, which occurred at Toledo, he removed- with his bride to Whitehouse, Lucas county, and there devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits until 1874, when he returned to this city. He became one of the successful business men of the city, selling meat to both the wholesale and retail trades, and his demise occurred in Toledo in 1909. The mother passed away in February, 1918. They had a family of four children : Henry C. ; Mrs. Lucy Ann Spray of Waldron, Michigan ; Mano L., whose home is in Toledo ; and Mrs. Cora Thornton, a resident of Perrysburg, Ohio. The public schools of Waterville and Toledo afforded Henry C. Lee his educational opportunities and on starting out in the business world he secured employment with A. B. Cole of this city, with whom he remained for five years. Subsequently he was in the service of various firms until 1894, when he embarked in: business on his own account, organizing what is now known as the H. C. Lee & Sons TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 519 Moving & Storage Company, of which he is the president, the other officers being : M. R. Lee, vice president ; E. H. Lee, secretary ; and H. C. Lee, treasurer. Mr. Lee was obliged to start the business on borrowed capital and from a small nucleus he has developed one of the largest undertakings of the kind in the city, now utilizing ten motor vans and trucks. He has one of the largest and most modern storage houses in Toledo and displays keen sagacity and marked executive force in the management of his interests, being ably assisted by his sons, who are alert and enterprising young business men. At Perrysburg, Ohio, on the 5th of April, 1887, Mr. Lee was married to Miss Addie Ann Yount, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George W. Yount of Haskins, Ohio, and they have become the parents of four sons, all of whom are natives of Toledo: Mano R. Lee, the eldest, was born October 14, 1888, and acquired his education in the public schools of this city. He was married December 24, 1908, to Miss Elizabeth M. Nuendorff, a daughter of William C. Nuendorff of Toledo, and they have a son, Robert E., who was born in 1909 and is a public school pupil. Mr. Lee is identified with the Masonic order; Ross L. Lee, the next of the family, was born August 4, 1890, and on the 1st of February, 1909, he wedded Miss Bertha Hoyer, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Hoyer of Toledo, and two children have been born to them, Le Roy, whose birth occurred in 1910, and Ruth, born in 1916. Mr. Lee is a member of the National Union ; Edward H. Lee, the third son 'of Henry C. Lee was born August 24, 1893, and married Miss Eva M. Pontious, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Pontious of this city. They were married January 29, 1912, and have two children, Carmen; born May 25, 1914, and Phyllis Jane, born November 13, 1919. Mr. Lee is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to the lodge and chapter ; Selwyn D., born September 25, 1895, is a veteran of the World war. He enlisted as a private of the Eighty-fourth Ohio Regiment, which was attached to the Three Hundred and Twenty-seventh Heavy Artillery, and was sent overseas, being stationed for six months in France. On the 1st of November, 1919, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Ruetter of this city. That Mr. Lee is public-spirited and progressive in matters of citizenship is indicated by his connection with the Toledo and Dorr Street Chambers of Commerce and he is also a member of the National Union, while in politics he maintains an independent attitude, supporting the candidate whom he regards as best qualified for office, regardless of party ties. In his business career he has demonstrated what it is possible to accomplish through untiring effort, when guided by intelligence and sound judgment. Resolute and energetic, he has steadily advanced, and in winning success he has at the same time gained the respect and goodwill of those with whom he has been associated. A. GIDEON SPIEKER A. Gideon Spieker, one of the three sons who succeeded to the extensive contracting business of their father, Henry J. Spieker, mentioned elsewhere in this work, was born in Toledo, April 6, 1891, and pursued his education in the Lutheran parochial schools and in the ward and high schools. He also spent two years as a student in Cornell University at Ithaca, New York, as a member of the class of 1913. With his return to Toledo he became associated with his father in business and thoroughly acquainted himself with every phase of the trade. He is now the 520 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY secretary and treasurer of the Henry J. Spieker Company, contractors and builders, doing a mammoth business and fully sustaining the reputation that has always been associated with the family name in connection with building operations in this city. On the 1st of August, 1912, A. Gideon Spieker was united in marriage to Miss Angela McDonough of Toledo and they have become parents of one child, Suzanne Louise. Mr. Spieker is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. He is also prominently known in club circles of the city, belonging to the Kiwanis Club, the Toledo Club, the Transportation Club and the Maumee River Yacht Club, in the membership of which he is widely and favorably known, his social qualities having made for popularity among his many friends. IRVING BEECHAM HIETT Irving B. Hiett, founder, and president of the Irving B. Hiett Company since its organization, is one of Toledo's foremost realtors, whose career of more than forty years in real estate circles in this city, has been a contributing factor to Toledo's growth and development. He was born in Maumee, Ohio, October 8, 1862, a son of John W. and Mary E. (Beecham) Hiett. The family is of English lineage and was established on the American continent over two hundred years ago, settlement being made originally in the Shenandoah valley of Virginia. That representatives of the family were strong in their endorsement of law, order and good government is indicated in the fact that they were among the organizers of the first anti-whisky and anti-slavery societies of the Old Dominion. George and Lydia Hiett, grandparents of Irving B. Hiett, were Quaker people, who removed from Virginia to Ohio during the early boyhood of their son, John W. Hiett, who was born in Jefferson county, Virginia, November 11, 1834, and who accompanied his parents when they became residents, of Seneca county, this state. There he was reared in the midst of what was then a frontier district, with limited educational opportunities but learning many valuable lessons from nature and in the school of experience. He was a youth of fifteen when the family returned to Virginia and there he had the opportunity of attending the Jefferson Academy, from which he was graduated and then became a teacher. In 1851 he returned to Ohio as a student in Oberlin College and was afterward superintendent of the public schools in Fremont, Sandusky county, where he organized the graded school system. Later he was a student and teacher in the Normal department of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware and afterward served for ten years as one of the trustees of that institution. In 1860 he established the Elm Grove Normal School at Maumee, which became the Central Ohio Conference Seminary. Ill health caused his removal to Toledo in 1864 and he became one of the owners of the Toledo Commercial, while at the same time he was actively interested in various other business activities, becoming widely known as a real estate dealer. His keen interest in the public welfare along other lines was also manifest. He was for many years a member of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal church, served as a teacher in the Sunday school and was active in all branches of the church work. He was married August 3, 1858, to Mary E. Beecham, who was born in Plymouth. Ohio, January 14, 1835, a (laughter of Joseph and Mary Beecham, who were TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 521 among the early English settlers of this state. Like her husband, Mrs. Hiett shared actively in the work of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal church and for several years she directed the work of the Maternity Hospital and the Flower Home for Girls, and was a director of the Adams Street Mission. She also took helpful part in promoting the interests of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, thus doing much good along benevolent and humanitarian lines, as well as carefully rearing her family, three of whom survived her, namely : Irving B., Oliver N. and Ella F. Hiett. Irving B. Hiett was but a child when his parents came to Toledo, where he received his education, graduating from the old Central high school with the class of 1880. Among his early business connections, was that of employe of The Blade Printing and Paper Company, where he began as an office boy, later became stock clerk and subsequently cashier. His father was then in the real estate business and from him Irving B. Hiett acquired his first practical experience in that line. On October 1, 1883, he began that business for himself and opened an office in the Boody House on St. Clair street. Mr. Hiett at that time was about twenty-one years old, yet his business venture was a success from the start. In 1906 the business, which was then known as Irving B. Hiett & Company, was removed to the street floor of the Nicholas building on Madison avenue, where it has remained. The Irving B. Hiett Company was organized and incorporated in 1907, with a capital stock of two hundred thousand dollars, for the purpose of handling real estate, insurance and rentals, and the company confines its operations entirely to Toledo. While it handles all kinds of property, a considerable volume of business is done in high class business realty. More than sixty subdivisions have been handled by this firm, including a number of the city's most attractive residential additions, and the construction of more than six thousand homes represent still further its contribution to Toledo's growth. When the Wabash Railroad Company planned to connect its line with the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad, by building the Toledo Central Station Railway, Mr. Hiett's company was commissioned to secure the right of way. This was a tremendous task, but successfully performed and fully ninety per cent of the negotiations were handled through it. Among other operations Mr. Hiett opened up a large amount of up-river property. Personally and with his friends he has figured in many of the most important real estate transactions in Toledo during the past thirty-five years. In 1888 he owned personally the fee on which now stands the Nicholas building, also that now occupied by the Toledo Railway and Light Company. Mr. Hiett's long experience in the real estate circles, has given him a wonderful information on realty values wherein his judgment probably carries as much significance as that of any man in Toledo. He possesses, apparently, the even balance of those qualities necessary for the successful real estate man—judgment, foresight, intelligent courage and ability to analyze conditions correctly. Extensive and important as have been the real estate operations of the Irving B. Hiett Company, it also owns and controls various other commercial interests, including the business conducted under the name of the Erie Paint & Paper Company and the Swan Creek Lumber & Supply Company. Mr. Hiett is president of the Investors Realty Company, the Realty Trust Company, the Monroe Building Company, the Reserve Building Company, the Buckeye Realty Company, the Combined Realty Company and the Allied Realty Company. No man in Toledo has been more active than Mr. Hiett in those organizations and reforms that have had to do with placing real estate business on the high plane it now occupies and the 522 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY practices of no realtor in the city have done more to dignify the business. He was one Of the organizers of the Toledo Real Estate Board, of which he became first president ; he served as president of the National Association of Real Estate Boards from July 1, 1921, to July 1, 1922 ; and is a member of the Ohio Association of Real Estate Exchanges. In 1921 Mr. Hiett was appointed by Secretary Hoover of The Department of Commerce, as a member of the advisory committee on zoning. He is a member of the American Construction Council and is also serving as chairman of the committee from the National Association of Real Estate Boards that is co-operating with the United States government departments, covering all the real estate transactions of the government. He was the vice president of the old Chamber of Commerce, which was succeeded by the present Commerce Club, and he became one of the five charter members of the Rotary Club. He is also a member of the Toledo Club and the Country Club. His activities have thus reached out along many lines and while being rewarded by individual gain, have also contributed in a large measure to the progress, development, and upbuilding of the city and the maintenance of high civic standards. Mr. Hiett was married December 8, 1886, to Miss Gertrude Boake of Toledo, who was born in Lebanon, this state. They have two sons living and a daughter that is deceased : Donald F. was educated at Asheville Preparatory School and Cornell University. He is now associated with his father in business. Nellie G. was educated at Ogontz College of Pennsylvania, and Miss Finch's School in New York. She married L. G. Reynolds, and left a son, Irving Hiett Reynolds, at the time of her death in 1920; Irving B., Jr., is a student at Hotchkiss. The family attend the First Congregational church and Mr. Hiett turns to golf for recreation. ALFRED W. SHIELDS Through more than three decades Alfred W. Shields has been a member of the Ohio bar and since 1910 has practiced in Toledo, confining his attention to corporation law. His thorough preparation and his clear and cogent presentation of a cause have been salient elements in the attainment of his present-day success. He comes to Ohio from the Old Dominion, his birth having occurred in Cartersville, Virginia, April 3, 1871, his parents being Dr. Thomas P. and Elizabeth J. (Ford) Shields. He was quite young when his parents left Virginia to become residents of Ohio and he was reared in Union county, where he pursued his early education in the public schools. He afterward attended Central College and in preparation for a professional career entered the Washington and Lee University at Lexington, Virginia, there qualifying for the bar. In 1891 the LL. B. degree was conferred upon him and in the following year he was admitted to the Ohio bar at Columbus, where he located for practice and continued to follow his profession until 1910. He then came to Toledo and through the intervening period of thirteen years has devoted his attention successfully to law practice here, his clientele continually increasing, and the court records now bear testimony to many favorable verdicts which he has won. He has gained an enviable reputation as a corporation attorney and his capability is shown in the successful manner in which he handles his cases. He belongs to the Franklin County and the Ohio State Bar associations. On the 1st of December, 1903, Mr. Shields was married to Almeda H. Houstle of Columbus, Ohio. He is a Mason, connected with Toledo Lodge, No. 144, F.