TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 151 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he remained an active factor in connection with the oil industry, operating in the Pittsburgh Oil Exchange. His identification with the development of the oil business of northwestern Ohio dates from April, 1890, when he came to Toledo as representative of the Craig Oil Company, being a personal friend of Mr. Joseph W. Craig. Mr. Watson became manager and director of the company here, they erecting a refinery in 1891. Later he became vice president of the corporation and so continued until his death. He first located at Ironville, on the east side, and after a year and a half he brought his family to Toledo, which at that time was still very much of a muddy town, backward in its development, for the wonderful natural advantages of geographical location and resources had not become well known to the world as yet. While he contributed in substantial measure to the successful management of the interests of the Craig Oil Company, he also extended his efforts in other fields, becoming identified with a number of the city's prominent business interests. He made for himself a creditable place in financial circles as vice president and one of the directors of the Ohio Savings Bank and other corporations also profited by his business sagacity and enterprise. Mr. Watson was married at Allegheny, Pennsylvania, to Miss Kathryn Kirkpatrick, a daughter of John and Margaret (Beatty) Kirkpatrick, the former a business man of Pittsburgh. Four children were born of this marriage : Nellie, now the wife of Jay Armstrong of Chicago ; Mrs. Maud Richards ; Mary, the wife of Oliver Snell of Toledo ; and Kathryn, now the wife of Samuel Watson of Cleveland. Mr. Watson at one time was a member of the Pittsburgh Oil Exchange and was widely and prominently known among the oil men of the country. He belonged to the Duquesne Club of Pittsburgh and also to the Pittsburgh Club, while in Toledo he held membership in the Toledo Club and the Country Club. However, it was in his own home that his happiest hours were spent and to the interests of his family he devoted all of his time practically outside of business. He was an ideal husband and father, finding his greatest joy in promoting the welfare and comfort of those of his own household. His entire life was actuated by his Christian faith as a member of the First Congregational church, in which he served as a trustee. GOTTFRIED HAPP The laws of business are as inflexible and the results as certain as in science. There are no secret processes of manipulation where success may be brought to the individual. It depends in every instance upon labor. The record of Gottfried Happ, whose life from boyhood has been one of unremitting industry, is another proof of this fact. He is concentrating his attention upon the wool and hides business and is controlling one of the oldest and most important enterprises of this character in the city. A native of Europe, he was born November 13, 1855, and his parents were Gottfried and Madeline (Bowman) Happ. They were also of foreign birth and always remained residents of Europe, the father devoting his energies to the manufacture of carriages. The son, Gottfried Happ, acquired his education in his native land, attending the public schools, while he also had the benefit of college training. Led by the spirit of adventure, he sought the opportunities offered in a new and rapidly de- 152 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY veloping country and after reaching the United States he made his way to Michigan, acquiring a knowledge of the English language in a school near Flint. He then obtained work in a tannery at Owosso, that state, and later went to Saginaw, Michigan, securing employment with the firm of F. W. Carlyle & Company. He remained in their service for seventeen years, during which period he gained a comprehensive knowledge of the tanner's trade, and then tendered his resignation, accepting the position of buyer for the firm of Obern Husick & Company of Chicago, Illinois, dealers in furs, hides, wool and tallow. As their representative he traveled all over the west collecting furs and hides, but at the end of two years left their employ to enter the business in partnership with G. A. Haag. The firm of Haag & Happ was successfully operated for eight years and at the end of that time the subject of this review purchased his. deceased partner's interest and has since conducted the business under the style of the G. Happ & Son Company. They deal in hides, pelts, wool, furs, tallow and cracklings and theirs is now the oldest, largest and most reliable house of this nature in this section of the state. Broad experience and close study have given Mr. Happ an expert knowledge of the business in which he is engaged and his ability, enterprise and executive powers have enabled him to build up an undertaking of large proportions. In Saginaw, Michigan, on the 22d of April, 1876, Mr. Happ was united in marriage to Miss Virginia Bellmeir, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Bellmeir, and they have become the parents of three children : The eldest, George, died when but four years of age ; Arthur W. Happ, the second son, was born in Saginaw, Michigan, and was killed in an automobile accident in Toledo in 1916. Carl J. Happ, the youngest in the family, was born in Saginaw in 1882, attended the public schools of Toledo, and is now associated with his father in business. He married Miss Josie Kolbo of Toledo, and they have three children, Edward, John and Gertrude. In politics Mr. Happ votes independently at local elections, but when national issues are at stake he casts his ballot in favor of the candidates of the republican-party. He is a Lutheran in religious faith and his public spirit is indicated by his membership with the Toledo Chamber of Commerce. He has attained success by strict integrity, the conscientious discharge of all obligations and unremitting attention to an industry in which he is greatly interested. His initiaive spirit and powers of organization have enabled him to develop an undertaking of large pro-portions and the consensus of public opinion names him with Toledo's leading business men and most highly respected citizens. AUGUST HERMAN KEMPER August Herman Kemper of Toledo is a well known figure in connection with the lumber business of the country, occupying the position of third vice president of the National Retail Lumber Dealers Association. This distinction has come to him as a well-merited honor, for he has worked his way steadily upward since starting out in the business world empty-handed when a youth of fifteen. Through-out the period he has been connected with the lumber business and there is no phase of the trade with which he is not thoroughly and consistently familiar. Mr. Kemper was born in Cleveland, Ohio, on the 14th of September, 1879, his parents TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 153 being Frederick and Marie (Rueter) Kemper. The father was a tight barrel Cooper, devoting his life to that kind of business. Public and parochial schools accorded August H. Kemper his educational opportunities. 'The financial resources of his family seemed to make it imperative that he provide for his own support in his youthful days and at the age of fifteen he secured a position in the old Van Cleve Glass Company, a sash and door jobbing establishment. At the outset of his career he realized the fact that industry wins and he has always assiduously cultivated that quality. Step by step he won advancement as the result of his close application and diligence and each forward step in his career has brought him a broader outlook and wider opportunities. Today he is in a commanding position as one of the prominent lumbermen of Toledo. He came to this city in 1915 as treasurer and general manager of the Toledo Lumber & Mill Work Company and through the intervening period of seven years has remained in the dual position. He has brought wide knowledge and valuable practical experience to bear in the prosecution of the duties of his office and as general manager he has so directed the affairs of the company as to produce maximum results with a minimum expenditure of time, labor and material—which is the real secret of success in any line of manufacture. Mr. Kemper has become widely and prominently known in lumber trade circles not only in Toledo and the state but in other sections of the country, and appreciation of his capability in his chosen field was manifest in his election to the third vice presidency of the National Retail Lumber Dealers Association. On the 20th of June, 1903, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Kemper and Miss Kathryn Cantlon of Defiance, Ohio, and their marriage has been blessed with three children : John August Cantlon, Robert Frederick and Thomas William. The religious faith of the family is that of the Presbyterian church and fraternally Mr. Kemper is a member of Tu-en-da-wie Lodge, No. 195, F. & A. M. ; Ensawocsa Chapter, No. 89, R. A. M. ; Occonoxee Council, No. 55, R. & S. M. ; and Defiance Commandery, No. 30, Knights Templars, of which he is a past commander; all are of Defiance, Ohio. He is also a member of Toledo Consistory and a Noble of Zenobia Temple, Mystic Shrine. He also has membership with the United Commercial Travelers, with the Lumbermen's Club and the Commerce Club. Alert and progressive, he is ready for any emergency, for any duty and for any opportunity, and with the continued expansion of his business affairs he has also developed a character that commands respect and regard wherever he is known. His residence is at No. 2336 Putnam street. FRANK M. SALA Frank M. Sala, a well known and representative member of the Toledo bar, was born in Minerva, Ohio, February 14, 1863, his parents being Benjamin and Theisbe (McDaniel) Sala. The father was a veteran of the Civil war, having served with the Union army throughout the conflict between the north and the south. Frank M. Sala obtained his early education in the public schools of Knox county, Ohio. and afterward attended the public schools of Toledo. Reviewing the broad field of business with its limitless opportunities along industrial, commercial and professional lines, he determined upon the law as his life work and studied 154 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY with the firm of Ritchie, Howe & Ritchie of this city. He was admitted to practice in 1885 and afterward filled the office of assistant prosecuting attorney of Lucas county, while in 1901 and 1902 he was police judge of Toledo. He practiced in partnership with Judge Ritchie as junior member of the firm of Ritchie & Sala, but at the end of a year this connection was discontinued and Mr. Sala now follows his profession independently. He is a lawyer of ability, thorough and accurate in the preparation of his cases, clear and cogent in his reasoning and logical in his deductions. The court records bear testimony to many favorable verdicts which he has won and which establish his position as a most capable and representative member of the bar of this city. On the 23d of October, 1885, in Oil City, Pennsylvania, Mr. Sala was united in marriage to Miss Adda LaVerna Collins and they have become parents of three children : Rose B., Earl V. and Errett M. Mr. Sala belongs to the Elks, while along strictly professional lines he is identified with the Lucas County and Ohio State Bar associations. In a profession where advancement depends entirely upon individual merit and ability he has worked his way steadily upward and his record is a most commendable one. FREDERICK LYMAN GEDDES Frederick Lyman Geddes, senior member of the firm of Brown, Geddes, Schmettau & Williams, corporation lawyers, was born at Adrian, Michigan, November 10, 1850, his parents being Norman and Laura (Casey) Geddes, the father an attorney and for nine years probate judge of Lenawee county. The Geddes family is Celtic, traditionally originating in Brittany, thence emigrating into Normandy and, early in the eleventh century, into Great Britain, one branch later settling in Morayshire, Scotland, whence, in the seventeenth century, Paul emigrated to the north of Ireland. His son James, Norman's great-grandfather, came with his family to America in 1752, settling near the site of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Thomas Casey, Frederick's maternal great-great-great-great- grandfather, by tradition was the sole survivor of his family, all other members of which were destroyed in the "Irish Massacre." He was saved by his nurse and taken to relations in Gloucestershire, England, whence he emigrated to America, settling in 1658 in Newport, Rhode Island. Frederick L. Geddes graduated from the Adrian high school in 1868, and from the University of Michigan, with the Bachelor of Arts degree, in 1872. In 1875 he received the Master of Arts degree. He was admitted to the bar in Michigan in March, and in Ohio in April, 1875, immediately thereafter beginning practice in Toledo, with his university classmate, Barton Smith, a partnership which continued six. years. In 1882 he and the late Clarence Brown entered into a partnership which continued until the death of Mr. Brown in 1918, prior to which time others had been admitted into the firm, the title of which then was Brown, Geddes, Schmettau & Williams, a title which has, with Mrs. Brown's consent, been continued. The partners now are six in number. During the past twenty-five years Mr. Geddes has been almost exclusively engaged in the organization and conduct of corporations. He was the organizer and is a director of The Toledo Glass Company, The Owens Bottle Company, The TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 157 Owens European Bottle-Machine Company and The Kent-Owens Machine Company. He is also a director of the Northern National Bank of Toledo, Toledo Scale Company (vice president), The Title Guarantee and Trust Company and The Walter S. Miller Company, and a trustee of the Toledo Museum of Art. He married, December 24, 1879, Kate Adele, daughter of James and Sarah L. (Bottum) Rosebrugh of Amboy, Illinois. To Mr. and Mrs. Geddes have been born five children, three of whom reside in Toledo : Paul Rosebrugh, a realtor ; Laura Casey, A. B., Smith College, 1907, now Mrs. Walter Siegrist Miller ; and Katharine R. The others are : Florence D., A. B., Smith, 1913, now Mrs. John U. Loomis of Omaha, Nebraska ; and Donald F., A. B., Williams, 1916, who, an Ensign, U. S. N. R. F., died January 30, 1919, while in the naval service. Mr. Geddes is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi and the Phi Delta Phi ; is a Mason of the thirty-third degree, was grand commander of the Knights Templars of Ohio in 1906, and for several years has been chairman of the jurisprudence committee of the Grand Commandery ; is a member of the Toledo, Toledo Commerce, Toledo Transportation and Country clubs of Toledo ; of the Dome Lake Club in Wyoming ; and of the Lucas County, Ohio State, American Bar and International Law associations. The family residence is at No. 2116 Parkwood avenue, Toledo. They have a winter shack at Glenwood, Florida, and a summer cabin at the Dome Lake Club, high in the Big Horn Mountains of northern Wyoming. ARTHUR W. RYAN Though one of the younger representatives of the Toledo bar, Arthur W. Ryan has already attained a position which many an older member of the profession might well envy and the success he has achieved indicates that his future career will be well worth watching. He was born in Saginaw, Michigan, August 23, 1893, his parents being William and Mary (Tuhy) Ryan, who were likewise natives of Saginaw, where they resided for many years, removing to Toledo in 1897. While in Michigan the father was actively identified with the lumber industry and continues in the same line of business, being now president of the West Toledo Lumber Company. He and his wife reside at No. 366 West Central avenue. They have reared a family of four children : Arthur W., Harold T., Genevieve and Gerald, all residing in Toledo. In the acquirement of his education Arthur W. Ryan attended the St. Francis de Sales parochial school and the high school, from which he was graduated with the class of 1911. He then entered Notre Dame University for the study of law and completed his course in the latter institution in 1914. Immediately afterward he returned to Toledo, where he entered upon active practice in the following December and since that date has been an earnest and zealous member of the profession. He belongs to the Toledo Bar Association and his fellow members of the profession entertain for him warm regard. He is a director of the West Toledo Lumber Company but confines his attention mainly to his law practice. In religious faith Mr. Ryan is a Catholic, being a communicant of the Cathedral chapel and he is also a third degree Knight of Columbus. He likewise belongs to the Young Men's Christian Association and to the Toledo Chamber of Commerce and he has membership in the American Legion. During the World 158 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY war he enlisted in the air service and was commissioned a second lieutenant, being stationed first in Texas and later in Maryland. He advanced from the ground service to the flying squadron and was discharged in January, 1919. Since that date he has concentrated his attention upon his law practice. EMERY DAVIS POTTER It is doubtful if there is another member of the Toledo bar who has been so long identified with active practice in this city and the record of none is more deserving of respect and honor than that of Emery D. Potter, for at all times his course has upheld the highest ethical standards of the profession and has at the same time been the expression of the utmost devotion to the interests of his clients. Emery Davis Potter was born in Willoughby, Lake county, Ohio, on the 27th of November, 1844, his father being Judge Emery D. Potter, who was one of the early representatives of the bar in northwestern Ohio and the first lawyer to hang out his shingle in the city of Toledo. An extended mention of Judge Potter appears elsewhere in this work. Emery D. Potter was reared in Toledo, pursued his education in the schools of this city and was a youth of but seventeen years when in May, 1862, he responded to the country's call for troops to aid in the preservation of the Union and joined Company A, Eighty-fourth Ohio Infantry, with which he served for three months and twenty-two days, responding to President Lincoln's second call for three months' troops. He is, with but a single exception, the youngest living veteran of the Civil war in Lucas county. In the fall of 1862 he became a law student in the University of Michigan and completed his course as a member of the class of 1864. His initial professional experience came to him through association with Morrison R. and R. Waite, who further directed his readings and professional activities until his admission to the bar at Columbus, Ohio, in December, 1865. An interesting event in Mr. Potter's professional career was that his distinguished preceptor, Morrison R. Waite, assisted him at the last trial in which Mr. Waite ever appeared as an attorney. An unusual coincidence in this connection was that the first trial in which Morrison R. Waite ever appeared as an attorney, was in the old court house at Maumee and Mr. Potter's father was the presiding judge. He at once opened an office in Toledo, where later he practiced for ten years in partnership with Hon. George R. Haynes. He was afterward associated with Thomas Emery of Williams county, Ohio, and eventually became a partner of Charles P. Carroll as senior member of the firm of Potter & Carroll. Mr. Potter has during his almost fifty years of practice, enjoyed a most important and desirable clientele. He was for nearly twenty-five years attorney for the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad, in charge of the litigation arising in the counties of Lucas, Williams, Wood, Fulton and Sandusky, while for forty-five years he has been attorney for the Michigan Central Railroad. Mr. Potter was also prominent in the building of the Toledo & State Line Railroad and for twenty-five years he served on the City Park Board, of which he was president several years. Mr. Potter's service on the Park Board was during the period when the following parks were purchased and laid out : Walbridge park, Ottawa park, Central avenue now Willys park, Riverside park, Bay View park, Collins park, and Navarre park. He was one of the trustees of the Public Library TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 161 for more than twenty years and was one of the prime movers, cooperating with William Beatty, secretary of the library board and a representative in the state legislature, in securing the legislation that made possible the erection of the present Public Library building. His endorsement and support have been given to every public enterprise of worth and his aid and influence have been a potent force in advancing those interests which are a matter of civic virtue and of civic pride. Politically he has always been a democrat but never an office seeker. Coming from sturdy New England ancestry, Mr. Potter is a remarkably well preserved man with the mental and physical activity of one many years his junior. His time and attention have been concentrated upon his professional interests and throughout his long and active career he has never deviated from a course which he has believed to he right between himself and his fellowmen, and one that has dignified his profession. JOHN WILLIAM LILLY, M. D. Dr. John William Lilly, a widely known physician of Toledo and an artist of ability, which enabled him to illustrate a number of medical works, contributing in this manner to the value of professional work, was born in Circleville, Ohio, April 20, 1853, and was a son of Dr. William Rowland and Mary Ellen (Robbins) Lilly, the former a practicing dentist of Circleville. In the acquirement of his education the son attended the public schools of his native city until he had completed the high school course and later he studied both art and medicine in Cincinnati, pursuing the former course under the direction of Miss Nourse, a well known artist of that day. Going to Columbus, he there entered the Starling Medical College and was prize man of his class, winning a prize on his thesis on skin diseases, notwithstanding the fact that he was one of the youngest members of the class. He had forty illustrated phases of skin diseases and his paper is now on record at Starling College. In four of his studies he made the highest record of any member of his class and was graduated at Columbus in 1882. His high professional standing as a student was followed by steady progress in practice, resulting from the constant expansion of his powers. John William Lilly first located in Circleville, where he remained for two years, engaged in active practice in partnership with Dr. Courtright. He then went to Pomeroy, on the Ohio river, where he remained for three years and on the expiration of that period came to Toledo, where he continued in active practice until his death, save that he occasionally made trips to New York city, where he attended clinics and did considerable postgraduate work. At Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1883, Dr. Lilly was married to Miss Emma McIntire, a daughter f Jerome D. and Jane (Baldwin) McIntire, the former a real estate dealer of Chillicothe. They became the parents of a son, Jerome John Lilly, who is an artist of pronounced ability. He was educated in the public schools of Toledo, pursuing his academic course in St. John's College and later attending Oberlin College, where he studied art and the natural sciences. He afterward became a student in the Pratt Art School in New York and he also continued his art studies under private tutors. He likewise attended the art academy at Cincinnati, where he was a student under Duveneck, Wessel and Meakin. At the time of America's entrance into the World war he was teacher of drawing and painting in the Carlisle Indian Industrial School at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, having 162 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY charge of the art department, which, however, was abandoned during the war. He enlisted and went to Camp Sherman with the Medical Corps and was still there when the armistice was signed. Since then he has remained at home with his mother, devoting his attention to commercial art, with his studio at their residence, at 239 Broadway. Dr. Lilly was one of the volunteer members of the Medical Corps of America and served in this capacity during the connection of his country with the world strife. His political allegiance, was usually given to the republican party, but he frequently cast an independent ballot if his judgment dictated that course as beneficial to the best interests of the community. For twenty-two years he was a consistent member of the First Congregational church of Toledo and he held membership with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was examining physician for the Knights of the Maccabees. When the National Union was organized he became a charter member of Paragon Council and he also became a charter member of America Tent of the Maccabees, acting as examining surgeon for both organizations. At one time he was a member of the Medical Academy of Toledo. His death occurred as the result of mitral stenosis, a form of heart disease, on the 25th of May, 1922, and was the occasion of deep regret throughout Toledo. His remains were interred at Circleville, Ohio. His life was characterized by a liberality to all mankind. He gave generously wherever he saw need and often beyond his means. He could never refuse assistance to any worthy one who desired aid and he never stopped to ask if one who was ill was able to give him pecuniary remuneration for service or not. His practice extended far beyond the confines of the city and he was one of the most widely known physicians of Toledo. His power as an artist enabled him to illustrate a number of medical books, thus greatly advancing their value, and his life work was a decided contribution to the profession which he represented. JAMES McGETTIGAN James McGettigan, who was the founder and promoter of the McGettigan Cartage & Storage Company, still one of the forceful factors in the business circles of Toledo, was born at Derry, Ireland, in 1823, and his life record covered the intervening years until he passed away on the 17th of May, 1900, at the age of seventy-seven. He remained a resident of the Emerald isle to the age of twenty-six years, when in 1849 he crossed the Atlantic to try his fortunes in America, hoping to benefit by improved conditions in the new world. He at once made his way to Toledo, where he took up his abode and a little later he visited Philadelphia, where he wedded Miss Jane McMonagle, who had been his schoolmate in the old days in Ireland. With his bride he returned to Toledo, where he established his home that for many years stood on the present site of the wholesale grocery house of Berdan & Company on Huron street. There the family remained for thirty-seven years and the hospitality of that home was greatly enjoyed by their many friends. Soon after taking up his residence in Toledo, Mr. McGettigan established the business that still is carried on under the name of the McGettigan Cartage & Storage Company. In addition to the transfer business he maintained a large warehouse for the storage of household goods and also was a dealer in draft, coach and speed TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 163 horses and was engaged in the manufacture of a colic and fever medicine. With the passing years the business was developed to extensive proportions and with the death of James McGettigan he was succeeded in the ownership of the business by his children, who shared equally therein. Mr. and Mrs. McGettigan were the parents of five sons and a daughter : James,. now deceased ; Daniel ; John ; Edward ; Thomas ; and Mrs. James Grambling, now deceased, all of whom were born, reared and educated in Toledo. The death of the mother occurred on the 7th of March, 1888. Twelve years later Mr. McGettigan was called to his final rest, at the age of seventy-seven years. He possessed many admirable characteristics, was a man of generous spirit, yet modest and unassuming in disposition. His friends entertained for him the highest respect and confidence. He was reared in the Roman Catholic faith and became a communicant of St. Patrick's church of Toledo, in which his funeral services were held, attended by a multitude of the leading residents of the city. The sons honor their father's memory in that they maintain the same straightforward business principles which he followed, and a splendid portrait of the father hangs in the office of the company. ELIAS GROSS Elias Gross, president of the Judd, Gross & Jordan Company of Toledo, was born in Danville, Pennsylvania, on the 23d of October, 1868. He supplemented a public school education by a course in a business college and then started out to provide for his own support as bookkeeper in a wholesale jewelry house. This first acquainted him with the jewelry trade and after gaining considerable knowledge of the business he went on the road as a traveling salesman and was thus employed for twelve years, representing a wholesale jewelry company of Philadelphia. In 1898, however, he put aside business cares to respond to his country's call for military service and enlisted for duty in the Spanish-American war. He joined an infantry regiment and was mustered out on the 28th of October of the same year. It was on the 2d of November, 1898, that Mr. Gross came to Toledo and entered into active association with the M. Judd Company as manager. Through the intervening period, covering almost a quarter of a century, he has been identified with this business and has advanced steadily in positions of administrative direction and executive control until he is now president of the company, which has been reorganized and incorporated under the name of the Judd, Gross & Jordan Company and has developed a profitable and growing enterprise as jewelers, opticians and watch repairers. On the 23d of June, 1903, Mr. Gross was married to Miss Leota A. Berry of Van Wert, Ohio. Fraternally he is connected with the Masons and with the Elks. In the former he has attained the Knights Templar degree in the York Rite and the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite, so that he is today a.member of the commandery and of the consistory, and he also belongs to the Mystic Shrine. Something of the nature of his recreation is manifest in the fact that he holds membership in the Toledo Yacht Club. He belongs also to the Chamber of Commerce, which is indicative of his interest in the city's welfare and upbuilding, and he maintains pleasant relations with his old army comrades as a member of the Spanish War Veterans. It has been frequently said that what a man does and what he attains depends largely upon his opportunities. This may be true, but there is many a man 164 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY who does not possess sufficient courage to venture where favoring opportunity is presented. Mr. Gross has never been lacking in this quality, however, and his judgment and even-paced energy have carried him forward to the goal of success. He has never hesitated to take a forward step when the way was open, and though content with what he attained as he went along, he has ever 'been ready to make an advance. Fortunate in possessing ability and character that inspire confidence in others, the simple weight of his character and ability has carried him into important relations. He stands today as a splendid type of American manhood and chivalry—a citizen who is willing and ready to perform every duty that comes to him in business and in public connections and who works as willingly and as effectively for the one as for the other. CLEMENT O. MINIGER Clement O. Miniger, president of The Electric Auto-Lite Company, is one of Toledo's foremost captains of industry whose various interests and connections are most important factors in the city's industrial, financial and business circles. Clement O. Miniger was born at North East, Pennsylvania, on the 11th of November, 1874, his parents being Samuel O. and Clementine (Sherman) Miniger. and in both. paternal and maternal lines he comes of ancestry that has been distinctively American through many generations. The removal of the family from Pennsylvania to Ohio enabled Clement O. Miniger to pursue his high school course at Fostoria, this state, and later he took up the study of pharmacy in Chicago, where he remained from 1890 until 1891. In the latter year he came to Toledo and here entered the employ of Walding, Kinnan & Marvin, wholesale druggists, whom he represented upon the road as a traveling salesman for a period of ten years. His first independent venture in business was at coal mining, his operations being carried on at Cambridge, Ohio, with offices in Toledo, and for three years he continued in that field of business. A similar period was devoted to the manufacture of paper boxes and in 1911 he organized The Elec-tric Auto-Lite Corporation, of which he became the secretary and treasurer. On the 1st of January, 1914, John N. Willys associated himself with the corporation and at that time Mr. Miniger was elected president and general manager, which position he held until he purchased the properties from the receiver of the Willys Corporation, and now controls the immense business conducted under the name of The Electric Auto-Lite Company. This Company is one of the strongest and most prosperous of Toledo's industrial organizations and practically stands at the head of the starting, lighting and ignition manufacturing industry in this country, with over six hundred thousand square feet of manufacturing floor space, and building daily more than two thousand five hundred motors, two thousand five hun-dred generators, two thousand five hundred starting switches, also a similar quantity of both cut-outs and ignition systems, the extent and importance of its operations are readily confirmed. In addition to the main plant in Toledo, The Electric Auto-Lite Company owns and operates superb modern plants in Fostoria, Ohio, and Poughkeepsie, New York. Constantly the scope of Mr. Miniger's activities has. broadened, and not only TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 167 Toledo but other communities have profited by his labors and his progressive spirit. He is president and general manager of the United States Light and Heat Corporation of Niagara Falls, New York; president of the Fostoria Machine & Tool Company of Fostoria, Ohio ; while in Toledo he is widely known through various business associations, being vice president of the Burt Foundry Company ; a director of the Commerce-Guardian Trust & Savings Bank ; a director of the Morris Plan Bank ; vice president of the Maumee Finishing Company ; a director of the Air-Way Electrical Appliance Company ; and financially and officially interested in still other business corporations which feature largely in the commercial and industrial development of the city. During the World war he was vice president of The Willys-Overland Company for sixteen months, in charge of production, in addition to performing his duties as then president of The Auto-Lite Corporation. In 1904 Mr. Miniger was married to Miss Eleanor Couldwell f Toledo, and they have one daughter, Eleanor Clara. Mr. Miniger is a Knights Templar Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine, and is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In the club. circles of the city he is widely known, belonging to the Toledo, Inverness, Country, Toledo Yacht and Maumee River Yacht Clubs. His success has given him leisure and opportunity for the enjoyment of such associations and at the same time he remains a most alert and energetic business man, constantly watchful of opportunities for advancement. Where ambition ceases and every ultimate aim is satisfied, satiety follows and inertness bars further progress. Mr. Miniger, however, is intensely alive to the chances that are continually opening up in the business world and in the development of his individual interests he has also made valuable contribution to the progress and prosperity of the communities in which he has operated. Beginning his business career as a boy in his teens, and with energy and ambition his capital, Mr. Miniger has been successful. A native genius for organization and aptitude for successful management have been dominant characteristics in his business affairs, which long since caused him to be recognized as one of the dynamic forces in Toledo's commercial circles. JOHN J. HUEBNER John J. Huebner, a Toledo realtor, is president of The Huebner-Cavanaugh Company, a firm that is developing an extensive business. John J. Huebner was born in Toledo, May 1, 1879, and is the son of John and Catharine (Textor) Huebner. He attended the Toledo public schools, after which he entered a business college and received a technical training in business matters. Mr. Huebner then entered the brewing industry, gradually working through the various departments of the business. After learning the practical part he attended a brewing academy in Chicago, where he completed a technical and scientific course and graduated a master brewer. He then returned to the trade and continued an active factor in the management and control of the Huebner brewing interests until the business was discontinued. Mr. Huebner organized the Huebner-Cavanaugh Company, realtors and general insurance agents, on the 1st of February, 1921. He is now the president of this company, which already has become well established in business, with a large and growing clientele. His ready adaptability enables him to carry forward to 168 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY successful completion whatever he undertakes and his commendable ambition prompts his steady advance in the business world. On the 12th of June, 1901, Mr. Huebner was married to Miss Louise S. Adams of Toledo, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Adams. They have two daughters, Eloise K. and Catherine O., both Scott high school graduates. Politically Mr. Huebner is a republican. He is a thirty-second degree Mason, having received the York and Scottish Rite degrees in Toledo Consistory ; is a Noble of Zenobia Shrine ; belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Toledo Real Estate Board, Toledo Chamber of Commerce and is an active member of St. Paul's Lutheran church. He is keenly interested in all that pertains to the material, social and moral progress of the community and is widely known in this city and vicinity. His residence is at No. 2238 Collingwood avenue. JETHRO G. MITCHELL Among the names that stand out conspicuously on the pages of Toledo's commercial history is that of Jethro G. Mitchell, who for many years was at the head of the Mitchell & Rowland Lumber Company, controlling one of the foremost interests of this character in the city. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, a son of Jethro and Martha (Hart) Mitchell, and he completed his education at Hamilton College. Returning to Cincinnati, he became connected with the grain trade, operating elevators under the firm name of Mitchell & Hamilton. Later, however, he removed to Toledo and here was a factor in the lumber industry, becoming connected with the business of Mitchell & Rowland Lumber Company, of which his father was the senior partner. This business was developed to one of vast proportions, constituting one of the most important commercial interests of the city. Their yard was located on the Maumee river, south of the Fassett street bridge, and in 1906 was destroyed by fire, at which time it contained thirty million feet of sawed lumber. The company had large orders at the time and a new mill was immediately rebuilt, Mr. Mitchell caring for this project with his characteristic enterprise and progressiveness. He bore an unassailable reputation as a most reliable and straightforward business man and his integrity as well as his industry constituted a basic element in his growing success, which made him in the course of years one of the prosperous residents of the city. He was also a well known figure in banking circles for some time, serving as president of the Home Savings Bank, and when he resigned that position he was elected to the vice presidency. In 1867 Mr. Mitchell was united in marriage in Cincinnati to Miss Belle Wheeler, a daughter of Aquilla J. and Julia G. (Tunis) Wheeler, her father a banker in that city. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell became the parents of four children, but all have passed away, namely : Julia, who married Harry Wood ; Rowland Jethro ; Clifford Wheeler ; and Belle. A son of Mrs. Wood is Bryant S. Wood, the vice president of the George B. Ricaby Real Estate Company and a well known figure in realty circles of the city. He married Lois Morton of Toledo and they have two daughters : Mary Belle, who was named in honor of her grandmother, Mrs. Mitchell; and Phyllis. In matters of citizenship Mr. Mitchell always stood with the most progressive TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 171 element and during the period of the Civil war he served with the Union forces. He was ever a stalwart advocate of republican principles and kept thoroughly informed concerning the vital questions and issues of the day but was never ambitious to fill public office. He belonged to the Toledo Club and was a very prominent member of the Collingwood Presbyterian church, in the work of which he took most active and helpful part. He passed away in that faith on the 31st of January, 1915. At his demise the Home Savings Bank, of which he had' been the president and was for the last twelve years of his life first vice president, passed a resolution in which it was said : "He was a man of unusual business capacity, Of ripe experience, possessed of a courage to act always upon his convictions large-hearted, courteous, and of the highest integrity. These qualities made him an unusually safe counselor, and his keen judgment and alertness were of incalculable value to this bank. His associates desire in this manner to give public utterance to their keen sense of loss through his death, and to the fact that their memory of his life will always be an inspiration to the highest and best ideals of personal and official conduct." The church of which Mr. Mitchell was a member also passed suitable resolutions at the time of his demise, as follows : "In his death our church has lost a gracious personality, whose unusual qualities of mind and heart and whose efficient service to his church and to the community are held in the highest esteem. For thirty-six years he has been closely identified with the history of our church, whose interests and progress have been to him of deep personal concern. At different periods he has served as teacher in the Sunday school, as trustee of the church and as a member of the building committee'. In all these relations, by his wise counsel, by his unfailing courtesy, by his generosity and by his firm sense of justice and honor, as well as by his high appreciation of the worth of his associates, he early won, and maintained through life, the genuine admiration and affection of his fellowmen. In all this varied service Mr. Mitchell gave in generous measure of his time, his means and his rare judgment. In the numerous boards and committees on which he had served his well balanced advice was always sought and highly prized." His memory is yet enshrined in the hearts of all who knew him and his record is inseparably interwoven with the history of the commercial development and moral progress of Toledo. NATHAN NATHAN Nathan Nathan, a well known figure in connection with the furniture trade of Toledo for many years, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 20, 1872, a son of Samuel and Frances E. (Wineman) Nathan. The father was engaged in the retail clothing business during his active life. The son, who was known as Ned by his family and his many friends, acquired his education in the schools of Cincinnati and of Chicago, the family removing to the latter city during his boyhood days. There he completed his studies and qualified for the responsibilities and activities of later life. He was a young man of but twenty years when he returned to his native state, settling at Toledo, and through the intervening period until his death was closely associated with the commercial development and activity of the city. He established the business under the name of the People's Outfitting & Furniture Company at 172 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Nos. 220 to 242 Summit street, starting the enterprise on a small scale but possessing courage, determination and energy—which are always salient qualities in the attainment of success. It was not long before his business had outgrown its original quarters and more space was secured, while the stock was greatly increased in volume in order to meet the growing demands of the trade. Year by year the business developed and is now one of the leading 'furniture enterprises of the city. On the 14th of March, 1901, Mr. Nathan was united in marriage to Miss May Belle Eppstein, a daughter of Max M. and Belle (Roemer) Eppstein. Her father was a Toledo business man and was a witness of the growth and development of this city from a village to a metropolitan center with all modern improvements and opportunities. Mr. and Mrs. Nathan became the parents of two children : Arthur M., who died young ; and Alice Belle. In his political views Mr. Nathan was a republican, giving stanch endorsement to the party yet never seeking nor desiring office. He belonged to Collingwood Temple, holding to the Jewish faith, and he was a valued member of the Commerce Club, of the Elks Club and the Progress Club. His position in trade circles is indicated by the fact that he was honored with the presidency of the Retail Furniture Men's Association. At all times he was 'interested in civics and everything pertaining to the advancement of the city and he did his full share in support of any plan or project for the general good. He worked on all drives for whatever beneficial cause was claiming public attention and his influence was a strong factor in winning support for public movements that meant public improvements. It was characteristic of him that he never stopped short of the attainment of his objective. In his later years he suffered from a nervous breakdown and passed away on the 6th of February, 1920. He was a great lover of home and found his keenest joy and comfort at his own fireside. He derived his greatest enjoyment from his success in the fact that it enabled him to provide his family with all of the comforts and many of the luxuries of life. JOHN EMERSON For a period of thirty-nine years John Emerson has made his home in Toledo, where he has conducted a profitable and growing business as a hat and cap manufacturer. He is a native of Wales, his birth having occurred at Garndiffaeth on the 31st of January, 1857, his parents being Charles and Mary Ann (Booth) Emerson, who spent their lives in their native country. The son was educated in the old parish schools of Wales and remained a resident of that land until after his marriage. He came in 1883 to the new world and has never had occasion to regret his determination to try his fortune on this side the Atlantic, for here he has found the business opportunities which he sought and in their improvement has gained a place among the men of affluence in his adopted city. He earned his first dollar after coming to the United States by selling life insurance and his laudable ambition prevented his contentment with that occupation and he eagerly embraced the opportunities which have led to his steady advance. Twenty-four years ago he believed that there was an advantageous opening for cap manufactur-ing in Toledo, where he established business on his own account. He organized the Emerson Cap Company, which was incorporated in 1912 and of which he has TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 173 since been the president. The success of the business is due in large part to the worth of his manufactured product and to the thorough reliability of the house. Mr. Emerson was married to Miss Charlotte Golding, whom he first met in Rhondda Valley, Wales, and they have become parents of three daughters : Anna Maude Mary, who is now the wife of Fred Matthews, the secretary of the Emerson Company ; Emily Eva, who is a teacher in the high school of Toledo ; and Chrystal Pearl, wife of David Brown, who is a teacher of Spanish in the Toledo schools. Mr. Emerson belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and is interested in all of the activities of that organization for the city's upbuilding and improvement. He likewise belongs to the Masonic fraternity. He has become a Consistory Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine. His membership relations extend to the Royal Arcanum and to the Independent Order of Foresters. He is likewise a member of the Gideons, whose splendid purpose it is to place Bibles in each hotel room of the country. Mr. Emerson is a most active and helpful member of the Epworth Methodist Episcopal church of Toledo, taking active part in the local and state work of the organization and doing everything in his power to extend its influence. His time, attention and efforts are concentrated upon his business and upon his church work and his influence is ever given on the side of progress and improvement as relating to the material, intellectual, social and moral welfare of the community. DANIEL WALTER BLISS The automobile industry has played a most important part in the commercial development of Toledo and among those who are contributing to the prestige of the city along this line is numbered D. W. Bliss, who as president of the Bliss Auto Sales Company is conducting one of the most successful agencies in the city. A member of one of the prominent pioneer families of Michigan, he was born at Deerfield, that state, December 18, 1869, his parents being Almon W. and Julia (Armitage) Bliss. The town of Blissfield was named in honor of the paternal great-grandfather, who was the first settler in that portion of Michigan, settling there in 1822. The father's birth also occurred in Blissfield and his active life was devoted to the occupation of farming. Through industry and capable management he gained a substantial competence and is now living retired in Deerfield, Michigan. The mother also survives and their family numbers two children : May E., a resident of Washington, D. C., and D. W. In the acquirement of an education Daniel Walter Bliss attended the public schools of Deerfield, Michigan, and Brown's Business University at Adrian, that state, from which he was graduated in 1888. He was employed along various lines until 1891, when he came to Toledo and secured a position in the post office. In 1905 he opened a general insurance office in this city and successfully conducted that business until 1916, when he secured the agency for this district for the Ford motor car. He later organized the Bliss Auto Sales Company, of which he has since been the president, and discontinued the Ford line, substituting the Hudson and Essex cars, which he sells in seventeen counties of northwestern Ohio and Lenawee and Hillsdale counties in Michigan. Since its establishment the business has enjoyed a rapid growth and in August, 1919, Mr. Bliss erected a building on one of the most desirable corners of the city, in which his salesrooms are located. 174 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY In the management of his business interests he is forceful, energetic and determined and he has succeeded in creating a large demand for the Hudson and Essex cars in the territory which he covers. He is an expert salesman and one of the most aggressive and enterprising automobile dealers in the city. On the 12th of October, 1892, Mr. Bliss was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle Chase, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Lucius A. Chase, prominent residents of this city. Mr. Bliss gives his political allegiance to the republican party and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the Auto Trades Association, the National Automobile Dealers Association and the Toledo Automobile Club. Energy is the key which unlocks the portals of success and perseverance constitutes the path which leads to prosperity. Possessing these qualities, Mr. Bliss has become recognized as one of the leading business men of Toledo and his genuine personal worth has drawn to him a large circle of friends: His residence is at No. 336 West Woodruff street. JULIUS HERMAN JACOBSON, M. D. In St. Vincent's Hospital there is a tablet fittingly inscribed to the memory and achievements of Dr. Julius Herman Jacobson, eminent physician and surgeon of Toledo. It is the visible evidence of the high position which he held in professional circles and its counterpart might well be placed in many another institution or erected by many another organization that benefited by his high professional attainments. Most of all his memory is cherished in the hearts of those to whom he ministered, of those who knew not only his great intellectual force but his kindly spirit and generous nature. It was his ambition at all times to attain the highest point of efficiency possible, not because he wished to enjoy a reputation beyond that of his fellow practitioners but because he wished to make his service of the greatest possible benefit to his fellowmen. Dr. Jacobson was born in Toledo, July 18, 1879. His parents were Michael and Hannah Jacobson, natives of Germany, whence they came to Toledo at an early day, the father here engaging in the scrap iron business. The son attended the public schools until graduated from the high school and then entered medical college, for he had determined upon the practice of the profession as his life work. In a memorial volume Dr. John G. Keller, a lifelong friend and personal and professional associate of Dr. Jacobson, said concerning his professional career : "Dr. Julius H. Jacobson graduated from the Toledo. Medical College in the spring of 1897, at the age of nineteen. He went to Europe during the fall of 1897 for an extended postgraduate course, covering a period of about eighteen months. During this period he studied in Paris, London, Berlin and especially in Vienna, where he was thoroughly trained in internal medicine and laboratory methods. He returned to Toledo during the spring of 1899 and was shortly afterward appointed physician-in-chief to the Lucas County Hospital, in which capacity he served eleven years. During the autumn of 1899 he was appointed a member of the staff of St. Vincent's Hospital of Toledo, Ohio, and continuously served in the surgical department, and for the past four years as a member of the advisory board of that institution until 1918, when he resigned both as a member of the staff and advisory board. He was a stanch supporter and directed every possible effort towards the advancement of the organization of this hospital, to which he gave freely of his time