The hospital has a skillful medical and surgical staff, including several well known specialists,
with an adequate number of trained nurses, under an efficient directress. Besides the officers of
the association, who are elected annually, and the trustees, who hold their office for life, there is
a Board of Lady Managers, who take care of the committees on Inspecting, Supplies, Flowers,
Entertainments and Library. The Executive, Finance, Purchasing and Soliciting Committees are
appointed annually from the Board of Trustees. Members from both boards serve on the Training
School Committee. The present superintendent of the hospital is Miss Sadie Sims.
This year (1907), within three months, to
408 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
pay off a debt, $40,000 has been received in contributions.
MAHONING VALLEY HOSPITAL.
In the spring of 1891 a number of Youngstown physicians, who were dissatisfied with the
conditions which then prevailed at the City Hospital, formed an association to provide separate
accommodations for their patients. Among them were Drs. A. L. King, John 'McCurdy, A. E.
Warren, C. C. Booth, J. A. Dickson, L. U. Howard, M. S. Clark and Jared E. Cone. The old Tod
city mansion, built by Governor Tod on Holmes street, near Federal, shortly before his death, was
rented and used by the doctors for this purpose.
In December of the following year some Sisters of Charity from Pittsburg came to Youngstown
for the purpose of founding a hospital, and got into communication with the physicians above
named. Arrangements were made whereby the hospital passed into the hands of the said Sisters,
they purchasing the property from the Tod estate. The house was thoroughly remodeled and fitted
up as a hospital, for which purpose it is still used. It has forty beds, which are contained in large,
airy rooms, well lighted, and provided with all necessary accommodations for the sick. There are
also a few private rooms for special patients. Besides what is paid in by patients, the institution
received one-half of the fund appropriated by the city for hospital purposes. It is under the
immediate charge of the Sisters, who are assisted by a board of directors. While the Sisters owe
obedience in matters of faith to the Catholic Church, and are members of the diocese of
Cleveland, the hospital is independent of the diocesan jurisdiction. It is visited by the Catholic
clergy, and also by pastors of the various Protestant denominations, or other religious
organizations, whenever their ministrations are desired by any of the patients, the institution
being open to patients of all religions.
GLENWOOD CHILDREN'S HOME.
The purpose of the Glenwood Children's Home is to provide homes for homeless and neglected
children under sixteen years of age. It was first opened for the reception of children in the year
1900.
The home is situated on one of the most charming spots in the city of Youngstown, facing upon
Glenwood avenue, and overlooking the beautiful Mill Creek Park, and a broad stretch of
undulating farm land.
There are eleven and one-half acres of land used for ornamental and garden purposes. The
buildings consist of a substantial brick central structure, to which is attached by a covered
corridor a cottage which is used as a dormitory, school and a play-room for the boys; the girls for
the present being cared for in the main building. When the original plan is completed, a like
cottage for the girls will be provided.
There is a substantial frame building on the grounds, occupied by the gardener, and a convenient
barn will soon be erected. A sewerage filter plant has been installed and the healthfulness of the
home, within and without, has thus been assured.
The report of the superintendent, Miss Elizabeth Harlow, for the year ending August 31, 1906,
shows some useful work done in improving the grounds and in providing suitable arrangements
for the amusement and recreation of the children. The highest number of children cared for in the
home during the year was thirty-two. There had been a uniformly good state of health, with
freedom from epidemics.
The children received into the home must be of good moral character and have satisfactory
references. They are given at least five months' schooling each year, and are required to attend
church and Sabbath school when possible.
At the age of eighteen they are free and receive a good outfit of clothing and a bounty of from
$50 to $100. They may be visited once a year or oftener by some one duly au-
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 409
thorized, and may be legally adopted by responsible persons whose character is satisfactory to the
officers of the institution, and the right of recalling a child when its welfare demands it, is
reserved.
FLORENCE CRITTENDEN HOME.
The Florence Crittenden Home, of Youngstown, is one of a large number of homes of refuge and
reformation for erring and unfortunate women that have been established in some sixty cities of
the United States, besides Japan, China, France and Mexico. They owe their existence to the
efforts of Mr. Charles Crittenden, a wealthy business man of New York, who was led to
consecrate himself to Christian work through the death of his little daughter, Florence, after
whom every home is named. It was this great affliction that first caused Mr. Crittenden to seek
strength and consolation in religion. After a period of despair and rebellion against the Divine
will, lasting for some months, his heart was finally softened. He found peace in resignation to
God's will, and sought and found a field of Christian activity in the work of saving "Our Little
Sisters," to which he now gives all of his large income. The first mission was opened at No. 29
Bleeker street, New York city, some twenty-three years ago, and since then the work has been
steadily growing. It has been the means of rescuing thousands of young women and girls who
had, through weakness, temptation, or unfortunate environment, let go their hold on right living,
and has saved many more who were in danger of taking a similar false step.
"Any destitute, dissipated, or fallen woman or girl desirous of leading a better life, is cordially
invited to the home, and may remain for such period of time as the Board of Managers shall
deem best." Women and girls who have no home, or are out of employment, are also welcome
until some employment is found. In this way many who are stranded are enabled to keep out of
bad hands and tide over a time of stress and danger. The more detailed sketch of the local
institution which follows is from the pen of Rev. D. T. Thomas, and was published in the first
report of the home.
"The Youngstown Florence Crittenden Home is due originally to the persistent prayers and
efforts of a few of the devoted W. C. T. U. ladies of our city, the following being the primary
movers : Mrs. E. A. Hall, Mrs. Jane Davis, Mrs. Paisley, Mrs. Gravell and Mrs. Ferrin. A year or
so previous to the spring of 1902, at the invitation of the above named ladies,. Mrs. Kate Walter
Barrett, National Superintendent of the Florence Crittenden work, together with our present
matron, Mrs. Jaynes, visited the city. Mrs. Barrett presented the work in public meetings, and
Mrs. Jaynes, staying some days longer, soliciting subscriptions throughout the city.
"In April, 1902, Mrs. E. A. Hall and Mrs. Jane Davis appeared before the Ministerial Association
asking the privilege of speaking concerning the needs of such a home in Youngstown. This being
granted, they also presented personal letters from the Chief of Police and other leading citizens of
Youngstown, strongly urging the necessity of such a home, and especially emphasizing the
adaptability of the Florence Crittenden Homes for this work. After listening to their earnest pleas
a committee was appointed by the association to consider the need and advisability of such a
home in. co-operation with these ladies. In due time this committee reported favorably on the
matter and was instructed to continue their services.
"After corresponding with headquarters at Washington, then. Rev. Mr. Mason, a field worker for
the Florence Crittenden work was brought here and spent a month in the city speaking in the
churches and soliciting subscriptions for the new enterprise. During his stay in the city a
permanent organization was formed with the following persons as officers : Rev. C. H. Stocking,
president ; Rev. W. G. White, vice-president ; Rev. D. T. Thomas, recording secretary; Mr. L. A.
Thayer, treasurer ; Mrs. S. A. Hughes, corresponding secretary.
"After electing the governing bodies,
410 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
which consist of a board of trustees and an advisory board, and the appointing of standing
committees, namely : a finance committee, an admission committee, house committee, and
religious committee, a building committee was appointed and instructed to proceed at once to the
securing of a home. After much hunting and examining, the Leet property, in Girard, Ohio, was
purchased. Mrs. Jaynes, our present efficient matron, was called to take charge of the home in
March, 1903, and with the exception of a few months, has continued to fill this difficult position
in a most proficient and satisfactory way from its inception to the present time. But before we
had occupied our Girard home six months it became evident that it was too far away and too
small to serve the best purpose and meet the urgent and increasing need.
"After further investigation a residence of eleven rooms was purchased on Hine street. In less
than a year after occupying this property we were for the second time face to face with the
problem of securing still larger quarters. This time we were fortunate in securing our present
large, commodious and delightful location, namely : the old Baldwin home on McGuffey street,
which the national officers say is one of the very finest in the whole chain of Florence Crittenden
Homes, one which Youngstown may well be proud of.
"During these four brief years services have been rendered by officers, committees, donors and
friends which deserve highest commendation, without which service, indeed, it might be said that
the Florence Crittenden Home of Youngstown would have been impossible. For instance, the
great service rendered it in its beginning by the late Rev. W. G. White and the late Mrs. Ford,
Rev. A. L. Frazier and Mr. L. A. Thayer. The splendid and untiring devotion of Mrs. Henry
Heedy, who, as chairman of the finance committee during most of this time, has been
instrumental in raising more than three-fourths of the funds for the establishment and support of
our home. And common courtesy demands that we speak of the invaluable services rendered the
home by our staff of physicians, namely, Drs. J. J. Thomas (chief of staff), Jennie Turner,
_Mervin, Parish, Hawn and McCurdy."
The home was opened in the usual way by Mr. Crittenclen's subscription of $1,000, and is
supported almost entirely by charity. The late Mrs. Arabella Ford, who was untiring in her efforts
to improve the financial condition of the institution, succeeded in soliciting about 100 yearly
memberships which represented $12.50 each, and which for a time were adequate to meet the
daily expenses. Nine thousand dollars were. raised by soliciting and selling the Hine street
property, and monthly donations were obtained from a number of leading business men of the
city.
CHAPTER XXVII
MILITARY HISTORY OF THE COUNTY
War of 1812—Mexican War— War of the Rebellion—Spanish-American War.
WAR OF 1812.
Ohio has never been found lacking in the military spirit whenever need arose to arm for defense
against foreign or domestic foes. The War of 1812 awakened this latent military spirit to a high
degree. and as early as September, 1810, in anticipation of approaching hostilities, and still more,
perhaps, in view of the fact that the Indians were already committing depredations on the border
settlements there was preparation made for repelling the threatened attacks.
REGIMENTAL MUSTER.
There was in Youngstown a full turnout of every able-bodied man. Jared P. Kirtlanci, son of
Turhand Kirtland, who was an eye witness of this muster, was, as he says in a letter written from
East Rockport, Ohio, August 29, 1874. "surprised to see an apparent wilderness furnish some six
or seven hundred soldiers. The regiment formed with its right near Colonel Raven's residence,
and marched to a vacant lot .near Main street and the Mahoning river, near the mouth of Mill
creek, and was there reviewed. Simon Perkins was brigadier-general: John Stark Edwards,
brigadier-major and inspector ; William Raven, colonel George Tod, adjutant ; and John
Shannon and McConnel, majors. No one at that time was disposed to evade his duties, and two
years afterward, the efficiency and patriotism of that body of men were thoroughly and favorably
tested." This force formed a part of the Fourth Division, organized under the militia laws passed
at Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1803-4, and which included Trumbull, Columbiana and Jefferson
counties. The county of Trumbull constituted one brigade. The Third Brigade, commanded by
General Simon Perkins, embraced the present counties of Mahoning, Ashtabula, and Trumbull,
and consisted of three regiments, commanded respectively by Lieutenant-Colonels William
Raven, J. S. Edwards and Richard Hayes. The title colonel was used in the militia only by
courtesy, it having been abolished in imitation of its abolishment by the Continental
establishment after the Revolutionary war.
In February, 1812, Congress passed an act increasing the United States army, and providing for a
regiment of volunteers from Ohio and Kentucky. These men were to be obtained from the
different militia regiments, if possibly by voluntary enrollment. George Tod was subsequently
appointed major of this regiment, which was listed as the Seventeenth United States, Samuel H.
Wells, colonel. Owing to a strong sentiment against the war on the part of the old-time
Federalists
412 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
recruiting went slowly until war was actually declared on June 12, 1812. General Perkins
returned a list of commissioned and non-commissioned officers and privates as the quota of the
Third. Brigade. The time before the actual opening of hostilities was spent in drilling, and all
promised well until Hull's cowardly surrender of Detroit on August 16th to an inferior force of
British, Canadians and Indians tinder General Brock.
This disaster was of ominous import to the Reserve and in view of a probable invasion, General
Wadsworth issued an order for the whole military force under his command to rendezvous at
Cleveland. The citizens in every part of the Reserve had already rushed to arms. From the
Cuyahoga came women and children in hurried flight to the interior, and wild rumors of
approaching British and Indian forces spread excitement and alarm everywhere and nerved to
warlike resolution every man, young or old, capable of bearing arms. Old hunting rifles were
cleaned, knives sharpened, and powder horns and bullet pouches filled with ammunition. So
many responded to the call that General Wadsworth gave orders. for half of the volunteers to be
sent home to act as a reserve in case of emergency. General Perkins had been given command at
the front. A block house known as Camp Avery had been erected at Huron near the present site
of Milan and thither marched Colonel Richard Hayes with eight companies of Trumbull and
Ashtabula troops, while Colonel Reyen's regiment from the south part of Trumbull county joined
the front rank about September 15th. In the camp the troops suffered much from sickness,
especially from malaria and bilious fever which greatly reduced their ranks.
The Indians committing some depredations, a volunteer party was organized under Captain
Joshua A. Cotton to proceed against them. They met the enemy on the 29th of September, and a
spirited engagement took place in which six 0f the volunteers were killed and ten wounded.
The President on September 5th issued an order for a draft of i00,000 men for the regu lar
service, the Fourth Ohio Division being required to furnish three regiments. These were reported
by General Wadsworth as ready for service by November 28, 1812. Early in December, General
'Wadsworth, having performed patriotic and useful service in defending the frontier, returned to
his home in Canfield. He had performed this service without any assured financial support,
contracting the necessary obligations on his own responsibility, and relying upon the honor of the
government for the settlement of all just claims, as he explains in the following letter to the
secretary of war :
CANFIELD, December 20, 1812.
SIR : Having on the 29th ult. completed the force ordered by you from my division by your letter
of September 5th. and placed them under the immediate command of General Harrison, reporting
to him the whole force, it seemed that my service was no longer necessary or required by
government, and accordingly on the 30th I left the headquarters of the right wing of the
Northwestern army at Huron and returned home.
Various causes combined, which were altogether beyond my control, have in some measure
lengthened the time in completing the organization of the detachment. However, no time has
been lost. The extensive new settlements have been saved from savage barbarity, and the
detachment is equally ready to go forward with the main army. Doubtless you are sensible of the
great disadvantages I have labored under to equip, support, and march into the field such a
detachment of men without money. Although the credit of the United States may be good, there
is a class of citizens that will not lend any. assistance or support to the war. Of course it is more
difficult to procure supplies for a military force, and in the present case has fallen heavy on the
real friends of the government. You see I am placed in a critical situation. By my orders great
expenditures have accrued. I am daily called on for payment and several suits have been actually
commenced. Although I do not conceive myself personally holden, yet it will make extra expense
and, Sir, I do conceive it necessary as well for the honor of the Government as the good of the
creditors, that some effectual measures be immediately adopted to save expense. Would it not be
advisable to appoint some person within the limits of my division to audit and pay off those
demands?
I can assure you, Sir, that many of the creditors are much embarrassed for want of their just dues.
Yours very respectfully,
ELIJAH WADSWORTH.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 413
Owing to the destruction both of the national and state records, those at Washington having been
destroyed in the burning of the capitol by the British in 1814, it is not known what companies
continued in the army after February, 1813, the date of the expiration of the original enlistments.
"It is known, how- ever, that many soldiers from Trumbull county participated in the campaign
of 1813, which terminated in Harrison's brilliant victory of the Thames in the fall of that year.
That victory left the Northwest secure, the Indians having been brought to peace, and the British
arms driven from Upper Canada."
MEXICAN WAR
After peace with Great Britain had been declared there was no further call for military service
from the inhabitants of the Reserve until the breaking out of the Mexican war in 1846, when
enlistment offices were opened in the principal cities and towns throughout the country. But three
men, so far as we have been able to learn, enlisted from Youngstown, or any part of this county,
to serve in that war, which was considered by the opponents of the Jackson administration as
being an unnecessary and needlessly provoked war.
These three men were William Crum. Henry Crum, and Edward Morley, none of whom are now
living. Two Mexican War veterans, however, are now residents of Youngstown—Charles G.
Viall and Captain Samuel C. Rook. The latter, who at the age of eighty years, is still hale and
hearty, and actively engaged in business, is also, a veteran of the Civil War. In Mexico he served
in General Heintzelman's command, and well remembers hearing General Winfield Scott make a
stirring speech to the soldiers just before the army entered the city of Mexico. Both he and Mr.
Viall enlisted for that war from other states, Captain Rook, then a young men, going out in a
spirit of adventure from Pennsylvania.
CIVIL WAR
The growth of the slave power which, as some think, was no inconsiderable factor in bringing on
the war with Mexico, continued uninterruptedly until the overweening arrogance and ambition of
its leaders brought about its final extinction in the bloody conflict of 1861-65. When, soon after
the firing of the first gun upon Fort Sumter, April 12, 1861, President Lincoln issued his call for
seventy-five thousand troops, his appeal was nowhere answered with more patriotic enthusiasm
than in Ohio. Camps were established in various parts of the state, to which the newly enlisted
soldiers were sent for organization and drill. Of the four thousand men who had been thus
recruited by the end of the month, one company was from Mahoning county, one from Trumbull,
and a detachment of light artillery from both counties. They rendezvoused at Camp Taylor, where
they were joined by other companies, and the
Seventh Ohio Regiment of Volunteer Infantry was formed. Full of patriotic ardor, all were
anxious to go to the front. Early in May they left Camp Taylor and marched into Cleveland,
whence, more than a thousand strong, they took the cars for Camp Dennison, Cincinnati. Here
the regiment was organized by the election of E. B. Tyler, of Ravenna, Ohio, as colonel; William
R. Creighton, lieutenant-colonel; and John S. Casement, major; the men received their uniforms
and being put under strict discipline, entered upon actual work of soldiers. Soon after, the
President issuing a call for three years' troops, the Seventh responded almost to a man, and after a
six days' furlough, were mustered into the three years' service. They began regular duty in
Western Virginia, and soon after were ordered to join General Cox, whose division was then
moving up the Kanawha Valley. It being ascertained that four thousand Confederates under
General Floyd were preparing to cross the Gauley at Cross Lanes, the spot recently vacated by the
Seventh, a countermarch was ordered and the enemy was encountered at dawn on the following
day in large force. A skirmish ensued and the Seventh after making a brave stand, was driven
back by superior numbers, losing 120 men in killed, wounded and prisoners.
414 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
In October, under Colonel Dyer, who had assumed command, the Seventh participated in the
pursuit of Floyd through West Virginia. It was then transferred to Central Virginia and, as a part
of General Lander's command retreated before General Jackson to Hampshire Heights, where ten
days were spent, it being mid-winter, in boisterous weather with snow ten inches deep, the troops
having scarcely any protection from the cold, and being at the same time short of rations. The rest
of the time until spring was spent in camp at Pawpaw Station, where General Landers died and
was succeeded by General Shields.
Under General Shields the regiment played a conspicuous part at the battle of Winchester, March
23, 1862, losing fourteen killed and fifty-one wounded, besides several prisoners. Colonel Tyler
was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general, being succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment
by Lieutenant-Colonel Creighton.
An order having been issued by the war department for General Shields' _division to join General
McDowell at Fredericksburg, the troops, after a nine days' march reached their destination May
1st, and on the following day were reviewed by President Lincoln and other officials. The
Seventh was soon again actively engaged in repelling General Jackson's march toward
Washington. With the Fifth Ohio it was in the center of the fight, and for five hours, under cover
of a field of wheat, three thousand muskets were successful in repelling fourteen thousand of the
best troops in the Confederate service. A retreat being ordered, the Seventh was made the rear
guard, which onerous post they filled—the regiment being hard pressed by the Rebels—without
once breaking line.
On August 9, 1862, as a part of General Bank's corps, which was then attached to the Army of
Virginia under Pope, the Seventh participated in the bloody battle of Cedar Mountain, two
hundred out of the three hundred men engaged being killed or wounded. Pursued by General Lee.
the army retreated towards Washington. and a month of fighting, and laborious marching
follow-ed. At Antie tam, September 7th, the Seventh was present only as a reserve force. About
this time the regiment which had been depleted by disease, battle, and other causes from one
thousand to less than three hundred men, received an addition of two hundred recruits. The
winter saw no active service save a slight skirmish with Stuart's cavalry.
On May 7th, after a ten days' march. the Seventh was thrown into the hottest of the fight at
Chancellorsville, where in the two days' battle it occupied some of the most exposed positions
and gained great credit for its gallant conduct. With two other regiments it covered the retreat of
the Federal army. Its loss was fourteen killed and seventy wounded.
At Gettysburg, reached June 1, 1863, after a laborious march. the Seventh acted as a reserve
force. and having the protection of breastworks during greater part of the battle. sustained a loss
of but one man killed and seventeen wounded. It was next called upon to assist in quelling the
New York draft riots. Afterwards returning to the Rapidan. it became a part of the Twentieth
Arm Corps tinder Hooker and was ordered to the 'Western department, which had just been
placed under the command of General Grant. It assisted in driving Bragg from Lookout Mountain
and pursued the enemy up the sides of Mission Ridge. At Thompson's Gap. on November 27th.
while preparing as a part of Geary's brigade, to storm Taylor's Ridge, where the Rebels had made
a stand, the Seventh had the misfortune to lose its gallant commander. Colonel Creighton. The
regiment advanced under a heavy fire which became so fierce that the colonel, finding it
impossible to advance turned his men into a ravine. As the line approached a fence a rifle ball
pierced his body and he expired instantly, his only words being. "My dear wife."
Lieutenant-Colonel Crane had also fallen and the regiment was compelled to retreat, with a loss
of nineteen killed and sixty-one wounded, only one commissioned officer escaping unhurt. The
winter was spent at Bridgeport, Alabama. and the regiment engaged in no more fighting until
May 3rd, when with but slight loss they drove the enemy
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 415
from Rocky Face Ridge. The veterans' term of service having now expired, the late recruits were
consolidated with the Fifth, and accompanied Sherman on his march through Georgia. The
regiment was then ordered North and on July 8th was mustered out of the service at Cleveland.
More than one thousand eight hundred men had served with the Seventh during its three years
and more of service. It had participated in more than a score of battles, some of them the hottest
of the war, and with the exception of about sixty new recruits, "only two hundred and forty men
remained to bring home the colors riddled with shot and shell."
The Nineteenth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry was formed soon after the Seventh and
mustered into the three months' service. Three of the companies—B, C, and G—were mainly
from Trumbull and Mahoning counties. At Camp Jackson, near Columbus, to which they were
transferred May 27. 1861, under the old militia rules, Samuel Beatty was chosen colonel, Elliott
\V. Hollingsworth, lieutenant-colonel, and Lewis P. Buckley, major. After the organization and
drill had been perfected, it was united with the Eighth and Tenth to form a brigade. and first saw
active service under General Rosecrans at Rich Mountain, \Vest Virginia, on July 7th, receiving
the commendations of the commander "for the cool and handsome manner in which it held its
position against a flank attack, and for the manner in which it came into line and delivered its fire
near the close of the action." Nine companies of the regiment re-enlisted for the three years'
service, and November 16th it was ordered to Fort Jenkins, near Louisville. The winter was spent
in camp at Columbia, the regiment forming a part of the brigade under command of General
Boyle. Here the men suffered greatly from an epidemic of ty- phoid fever. Early in March the
Nineteenth set out for Nashville, and marched the long distance with shoes in such condition that
the men were almost barefoot. From Nashville they took steamer for Savannah and there, within
hearing of the guns of Shiloh they were transferred to the boat which conveyed them to
Pittsburgh Landing, which they reached at the end of the first days' fighting. They found the
Union troops driven almost to the river, the banks of which were lined with thousands of
stragglers who were in a state of panic. A dreary wet night was spent on the battlefield, and the
battle being renewed early the next morning the Nineteenth was ordered into action and fought
with courage and coolness contributing their full share to the final victory. The regiment lost
Major Edwards, besides a number of privates killed and wounded.
During the gradual approach to Corinth under General Halleck, who had practically displaced
Grant, the regiment lost Captain F. E. Stowe, of Company G, by disease. Not long after, at Battle
Creek, Alabama. to which place the regiment had marched under the command of General Buell,
Lieutenant D. W. Hildebrank also died of disease. At Crab Orchard the Nineteenth captured a
rebel gun. At Murfreesboro, January 2nd, the regiment saw fierce fighting and did gallant service
but at a heavy cost. Out of 449 men who entered the battle 213 were lest in killed, wounded or
missing, five commissioned officers being among the killed. While in camp near Murfreesboro
after the battle Lieutenant-Colonel Hollingsworth resigned, his place being filled by Major
Manderson, and Captain H. G. Stratton being made major. The time from the occupation of
Murfreesboro January 4th to June 28th was spent in camp.
In August the Nineteenth crossed the Cumberland mountains, and in September lost two men in a
skirmish with the enemy at Crawfish Springs. On the 18th of the same month the regiment
captured several prisoners and a battery. The battle of Chickamauga was participated in on the
l0th, after which the regiment retreated with the army to Chattanooga. November 23 twenty men
were lost at Orchard Knob, and two clays later the Nineteenth took part in the unordered and
spontaneous but successful storming of Mission Ridge. Then followed the tedious march to
Knoxville, the men being poorly supplied with clothes ,and but half shod. On learning that
Longstreet had
416 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
raised the siege of Knoxville, the army moved to Flat Creek, where over four hundred members
of the Nineteenth re-enlisted in the veteran service. After returning to Chattanooga the regiment
left for Ohio reaching Cleveland by the 16th of February.
The veterans, who reassembled in camp at Cleveland March 17, reached Knoxville on the 24th,
and subsequently participated in the Atlanta campaign. The Nineteenth took part in the battle of
Nashville under Thomas, in which Hood's army was completely routed, and was afterwards
ordered to Huntsville and Chattanooga, and in July, 1865, to Texas. Mustered out at San Antonia,
October 31st, after nearly five years service, the regiment started home, and was finally
discharged at Camp Chase, Columbus, on November 22nd.
Twentieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.—The Twentieth Regiment of Volunteer Infantry
was organized in response to the first call for three months' troops in May, 1861. Charles
Whittlesey, a graduate of West Point, was colonel, and Manning F. Force lieutenant-colonel.
Colonel Whittlesey resigning in April, 1862, Lieutenant-Colonel Force was promoted to colonel
and later to brigadier-general. Harrison Wilson was the third colonel of the regiment. First
Lieutenant John C. Fry was promoted to captain, and in January, 1864, became colonel of the
regiment. The Twentieth conducted itself creditably in its first action at Fort Donelson and was
afterwards sent north in charge of prisoners, in which service it became scattered. By the middle
of March seven companies were collected on the Tennessee river. It participated in the battle of
Shiloh with honor and considerable loss, and during the advance on Corinth remained on duty at
Pittsburg Landing, suffering considerably from sickness. It was thence transferred to Bolivar. In
August, 1862, with two other regiments, it repulsed the rebel general, Armstrong, with thirteen
regiments, several of the officers. being promoted for gallantry. Joining General Logan's division
of the Seventeenth army corps in the fall of 1862, it reached Memphis in the following January.
In May in an advance on Raymond with the Thirteenth army corps, the regiment suffered a loss
of twelve killed and fifteen wounded, being cheered heartily by other regiments far its gallantry.
It performed good service in the march through Clinton, Jackson and Champion Hills, and later
took an honorable part in the Vicksburg campaign. More than two-thirds of the men re-enlisted
in January, 1864, and after a visit home on furlough, rendezvoused at Camp Dennison, May 1st,
whence they were ordered to Clifton, Tennessee. On June l0th, it performed dangerous service at
Kenesaw Mountain. It took part in the battle of Atlanta, accompanied Sherman to the sea, and
after the surrender of Savannah proceeded to Raleigh. Its service was brought to an end by the
surrender of Johnston, and after participating in the Grand Review of May 24, at Washington, it
was transferred to Louisville, and June 18 returned to Columbus and was mustered out.
Twenty-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.—Company E of this regiment was recruited
partly in Mahoning county. Organized at Camp Chase in June, 1861, with W. S. Rosecrans as
colonel, who was succeeded consecutively by E. P. Scammon, R. B. Hayes (afterwards
President), and James N. Comly, it served through the entire conflict, taking an honorable part in
the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Barryville, North Mountain and Cedar Creek. and was
mustered out at Cumberland, July 26, 1865.
Twenty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.—Mahoning county contributed- one
company—Company G—to this regiment, which was mustered in in July, 1861, at Camp Chase.
For some time it was engaged in scouting duty in the Kanawha valley, where it remained until
January. Under Rosecrans it led the advance on Sewell Mountain and guarded the retreat. It was
transferred to the department of the Cumberland and was with General Buell in the campaign of
1862, and though participating in no engagements, gained a high reputation for order and dis-
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 417
cipline. It repulsed Forrest at McMinnville, and participated in the general engagement at
Murfreesboro, December 26, 1862, where, under Major Squires, it made several gallant and
successful charges upon the enemy's line. In the fight at Stone river it was one of the few
regiments that stood against Bragg's impetuous assault, losing nearly one-third of its number in
killed or disabled. At Chickamauga it was in the thickest of the fight, three-fifths of all engaged
being killed, wounded or captured. Perhaps its most gallant exploit was at Mission Ridge, where
it occupied the center of the front line of assault, gaining the summit with the loss of half the
command and driving the enemy from their works in precipitous flight, besides capturing fifty
prisoners and two cannon. "Later in the day the Twenty-sixth Ohio and the Fifteenth Indiana,
under command of Colonel Young, captured a six-gun battery the enemy were attempting to
carry off in their retreat, and flanked and dislodged a strong body of the enemy, who, with two
heavy guns, were attempting to hold in check the National forces until their trains could be
withdrawn. These guns were also captured. In token of their appreciation of Colonel Young's
gallantry, his command presented him with a splendid sword."
Almost to a man the regiment re-enlisted in January, 1864, being "the first regiment of the Fourth
army corps to re-enlist for the veteran service and the first to arrive home on veteran furlough." It
afterwards served through the Atlanta campaign under Sherman, participated in the pursuit of
Hood to Nashville, and in the successful battle which followed. It took part in the Texas
campaign of 1865, and was mustered out October 21, 1865. It was then transported to Camp
Chase, where it was paid off and discharged.
Thirty-sevenths Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.—This was a German regiment, of which
Company I was partially enrolled at Youngstown, and was mustered into the service October 2,
1861, at Camp Dennison. It was commanded by Colonel E. Siber, an accomplished soldier who
had served in Prussia and Brazil. It was assigned to the department of West Virginia under
Rosecrans, and saw some dangerous and laborious service, though without participating in any
great battles. In 1863 it was transferred to the department of the Mississippi, and here took part in
the Vicksburg campaign under Grant, during the siege losing nineteen killed and seventy-five
wounded. It subsequently participated in the capture of Jackson, Mississippi, pursued the rebel
general, Forrest, to Chattanooga, and assisted in the capture of Mission Ridge, November 25,
1863. Three-fourths of the regi- ment re-enlisted in the veteran service and took part in the
Atlanta campaign under Sherman. The Thirty-seventh was mustered out in August, 1865.
Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. —This was a six months' regiment which followed an
early three months' organization of the same name. The colonel was Wilson C. Lemert, who had
been major of the three-months regiment, which had served chiefly in West Virginia. Company
A, from Mahoning county, was commanded by Captain Seth H. Truesdale. The regiment
participated in the pursuit of Morgan during the latter's raid through Ohio, and after returning to
Camp Tod, was ordered to Kentucky. On September 8th, at Cumberland Gap, with the One
Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio, the Twenty-second Ohio battery and some detachments of
Tennessee cavalry, it captured the command of the rebel general Frazier, taking 2,800 prisoners,
5,000 stand of arms, thirteen pieces of artillery and large quantities of commissary stores and
ammunition. It was largely enabled to do this through the appearance of General Burnside's
division on the other side of the Gap. The regiment was mustered out at Cleveland, February i0,
1864.
Eighty-seventh Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.—"This regiment was organized in response
to the call of President Lincoln, in May, 1862, for three months' men. H. B. Banning was
commissioned colonel. It left for the field June 15, and was stationed at
418 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
Harper's Ferry, where it remained until the siege of that place by the rebel general, Jackson. and
was surrendered with the National forces, although the term of its enlistment had expired. When
this circumstance was known the regiment was permitted to return home. It was mustered out at
Camp Chase September 20, 1862.” Company I was partly recruited in Mahoning county.
Eighty-eighth Ohio Volunteer In Company D of this regiment was enrolled in Mahoning county.
Its nucleus was the First Battalion. Governor's Guards, Independent Volunteer Infantry,
organized in June. 1862. and its enrollment was not completed until June 26. 1863. In the
meanwhile it did efficient guard service, first over the rebel prisoners at Camp Chase, and
afterwards at Covington, Kentucky, to prevent the threatened attack on Cincinnati. Under
Colonel George W. Neff the regiment was placed under thorough drill and discipline and was
anxious to take the field. There was much disappointment, therefore, among the officers and men
that they were given no opportunity to participate in active service, beyond guarding Camp
Dennison against a possible attack from John Morgan. After a long monotonous routine of guard
duty the regiment was mustered out July 3, 1863.
One Hundred and Fifth Regiment, O. V. I. —"The One Hundred and Fifth was recruited wholly
in the eastern part of the Reserve. Companies A and H were from Mahoning county, the former
being made up largely of miners."
The last company was mustered in August 21. 1862. and was immediately ordered to Covington,
Kentucky, where it remained three days. going thence by train to Lexington, where it was
assigned to a brigade commanded by Colonel Charles Anderson of the Ninety-third Ohio. Here
preparations were made to meet General Kirby Smith. who was advancing from Cumberland Gap
towards Lexington. August 30 a vain attempt was made by the One Hundred and Fifth, with
several other regiments. to reinforce General Nelson at Richmond. Kentucky, but the battle had
been fought and lost before they arrived. The rebels menacing Lexington, it became necessary to
evacuate that city, and with the remnants of Nelson's command, a forced march was made for
Louisville, during which the new troops, being overladen with baggage. suffered terribly from
heat and thirst. Many contracted chronic diarrhea and fevers from which some never recovered,
but were discharged or died in the hospital. At Louisville the regiment was assigned to General
Terrill's brigade, which afterwards became the Third Brigade. Tenth division, of the army under
General Buell. October 8th it took part in the battle of Perryville. where General Terrill was
killed, and the regiment greatly overpowered, was obliged to retreat. Forty-seven men were killed
and 212 wounded. besides several officers killed and wounded.
Under command of Lieutenant-colonel Tulles the regiment marched to Danville, where the
brigade was ordered to Mumfordsville, where a month was spent in post and guard duty. Later at
Bledsoe's Creek the brigade was assigned to the Twelfth division commanded by General
Reynolds, and participited with the division in pursuit of John Morgan. going- as far as Cave
City. January 11, 1863, the division reached Stone river, where a permanent assignment was
made, by which Hall's became the Second and Reynolds' the Fifth brigade, soon afterwards the
Fourth division of the Fourteenth corps. March l0th the One Hundred and Fifth participated with
the brigade in an engagement about fourteen miles from Murfreesboro with John Morgan's
command. in which the enemy was severely chastised. June 24th the regiment broke camp to
take part in the Tullahoma campaign. Major Perkins succeeding to the command. The result of
the brief campaign was to drive Bragg from his position at Tullahoma and send him across the
Tennessee river. During the next few weeks the regiment lay encamped at University Mountain.
where Colonel King was assigned to the command of the brigade.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 419
Crossing the Tennessee river, August 30, 1863, the One Hundred and Fifth joined in the
movement to intercept Bragg and compel the evacuation of Chattanooga. On September 19th and
l0th the regiment was engaged at Chickamauga. where it was complimented by the brigade
commander for its steadiness when in a trying- situation. It also executed a gallant and important
movement which saved the Federal line from being thrown into confusion and overwhelmed on
the withdrawal of General Wood's division, whereby General Reynolds was enabled to make
such disposition as secured his right flank and prevented further disaster to the army. For this
prompt movement it was highly commended by General Reynolds and afterwards by General
Rosecrans. In this action Major Perkins was severely wounded, with four other officers—Captain
Spaulding mortally—and the regiment lost 75 men in killed, wounded and prisoners.
Ordered to Chattanooga, the regiment was engaged there on fatigue duty until the arrival of
General Grant. Here it participated in the battle of Mission Ridge, where it held a foremost
position. and afterwards assisted in the pursuit of the rebel army as far as Ringgold, Georgia. On
its return to Chattanooga it was rejoined by Major Perkins, who had been absent on account of
disability. William R. Tolles succeeded to the colonelcy on the death of Colonel Hall. He
resigned in January, 1864, and was succeeded by George T. Perkins, who commanded the
regiment until the close of the service.
The One Hundred and Fifth participated in the Atlanta campaign under Sherman. Under Major
Edwards, Colonel Perkins being away in September on leave of absence, it joined in the pursuit
of Hood as far as Galesburg, afterwards returning to Atlanta. Until the latter part of March it was
moving about almost constantly, tearing up railroads and making forced marches on various
expeditions. "At Goldsboro the troops were reviewed by Generals Sherman and Schofield. At
this time fully 25 per cent of the men were barefooted ; they were ragged and dirty, many in
citizen's dress and some in rebel uniform. Having received clothing and other necessary supplies,
the army left Goldsboro April l0th. and after four days' skirmishing with the rebel cavalry,
arrived at Raleigh." The regiment was at Cape Fear river when Johnston surrendered. Richmond
was reached May 7, 1865, and on the 24th the One Hundred and Fifth took part in the Grand
Review at Washington. It was mustered out June 3, and was paid off and discharged at Cleveland
on the 8th, having been in the service nearly three years.
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment, O. V. I.—Six companies of this regiment were
organized at Cleveland during the months of October, November and December, 1862. under the
supervision of Col. Opdycke. Two companies which had been enlisted for the Eighty-seventh
Ohio, were transferred to the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth on December 6th. January 3 the
regiment left Cleveland by train for Cincinnati. Being ordered to report to General Boyle, the
regiment left Cincinnati by boat on the 4th for Louisville. Here, by order of Brigadier-general
Boyle, on January 2d, the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth was transferred to the command of
Brigadier-general C. C. Gilbert, commanding the division, and on February 1st it started with the
rest of the command by boat for Nashville, where, on the 9th, it went into camp near the city. On
the 12th, with the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth in advance, the command took up the line of
march for Franklin, where they drove out a small force of rebel cavalry and took possession of
the town. Colonel Opdycke was placed in command of the post. the rest of the division not
crossing the river. From this time until the middle of June was spent chiefly in marching and
skirmishing with the enemy. The regiment marched on June 21st and was assigned by General
Rosecrans to the Third Brigade, First division, Twenty-first army corps. On the 24th it took part
in the general advance which resulted in driving Bragg from Tullahoma and beyond the
Tennessee river. The regiment suffered much at
420 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
this time on account of raid and heavy roads. From July 9 until August 16 was spent in camp at
Hillsboro, Tennessee. A general advance being ordered, it then crossed the mountains, went into
camp at Thurman until September 1st, then marched by way of Jasper and Shell Mound to
Lookout Mountain, where it arrived on the 6th. Here, by order of General Crittenden, it
accomplished a dangerous reconnaissance to develop the enemy's batteries. On the 8th, 9th and
l0th it marched to Chattanooga, and to Gordon's Mills on the 11th and 12th. It was in the thick of
the fight at Chickamauga on the 29th and l0th, where it earned from General Wood the title of
"The Ohio Tigers," owing to the three desperate and successful charges with. which it broke the
enemy's lines and saved the Army of the Cumberland from destruction. In this battle, which it
entered with eleven officers and 298 men, it had one officer and eleven men killed, two officers
and seventy-one men seriously, and ten slightly wounded. The regiment took part in the work of
fortifying Chattanooga, where they remained until the 23d of November. On the 25th they took
part in the memorable assault of Mission Ridge, and were among the first to reach the summit,
capturing 100 prisoners, together with a gun, wagon and mules and a large number of small arms.
The regiment's loss was three killed and one officer and twenty-six men wounded. The regiment
assisted in the subsequent pursuit of the enemy, returning to Chattanooga on the 26th. From early
in December until January 15, they were encamped at Blair's Cross roads, "poorly clothed and
worse fed," and then marched to Dandridge, where on the 17th they had a skirmish with a
brigade of dismounted rebel calvary, whom they repulsed, losing, however, seven officers and
five men killed, and twelve men wounded. They then retreated to Knoxville which they reached
on the 21st. Marching again on the 23rd they reached Loudon, Tennessee, on January 25, where
they spent the winter. "The spring was spent in East Tennessee until June, when the regiment was
ordered. to Louisiana, and thence to Texas, where it was mustered out September 25. Returning
to Ohio, it was discharged at Camp Chase October 17."
One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry.—The 155th regiment was
mustered into the service May 8, 1864, in response to the President's call for 100-day volunteers.
It was made up of the Forty-fourth battalion, a Mahoning County organization, and the
Ninety-second Volunteer Infantry. On May 9th it left for New Creek, West Virginia. It was on
garrison and escort duty at Martinsburg until June l0th, when it left under orders for Washington
city. It then proceeded to the White House, and thence to Bermuda Hundred and City Point
where it remained until the 29th. It was afterwards placed on garrison duty at Norfolk, Virginia.
In July 500 men of the regiment with other troops, marched to Elizabeth city, North Carolina,
where the cavalry raided the country. After this expedition the 155th remained at Norfolk till
August 19th, when it was ordered home to be mustered out. It was discharged from the service at
Camp Dennison, August 27, 1865.
One Hundred and Ninety-sixth Regiment, O. V. I.—This regiment, which contained two and a
third companies of Trumbull and Ma-honing county troops, was mustered into the service under
the last one-year call of President Lincoln. Many of its officers and men had seen service in other
regiments. It was ordered to West Virginia, where it joined the Ohio brigade and was thoroughly
drilled and disciplined. In July it was placed 0n garrison duty in the fortifications around
Baltimore. A detachment was detailed to Fort Delaware. It was mustered out September z 1,
1865, at Baltimore.
One Hundred and Ninety-seventh Regiment, O. V. I.—The 197th regiment, companies A and K
of which were partly recruited in Mahoning county, was the last regiment organized in the state.
Nearly half of the men,
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 421
and all but five of the officers had previously been in the service. The regiment left Camp Chase
for Washington city April 25th, and on arriving there learned of Johnston's surrender. After
spending the time in camp until July 31st it was mustered out of the service.
Second Ohio Volunteer Cavalry.—This fine military organization was recruited in the summer of
1861, chiefly by men of wealth, intelligence and culture, the last company being mustered in
October loth. It was drilled at Cleveland and at Camp Dennison and early in January, 1862,
proceeded to Platte City, Missouri. On February 22nd, while on the march to Fort Scott, Kansas,
a scouting party of the regiment met and defeated an equal force of rebels under the command of
the infamous Quantrell, losing one killed and three wounded. The months of March and April
were mainly spent in breaking up guerrilla bands in the border counties of Missouri and Kansas.
The Indian rebel, Stanwaite, was also driven from his camp at Baxter Springs, Indian Territory.
The regiment next participated in the attack and capture of Fort Gibson, after which it went into
camp at Fort Scott. Many of the men had by this time suffered seriously from sickness and a
number had died from brain fever caused by the heat. Near the close of August 150 men and two
officers of the Second were detailed as a light battery and were soon afterwards transferred and
organized as the 25th Ohio Battery. The Second then participated in the fall campaign under
Blunt, at Prairie Grove, December 3rd. helping to win a splendid victory. In September Captain
August V. Kautz, of the Sixth U. S. Cavalry, became colonel of the regiment, Colonel Charles
Doubleday having been promoted to brigadier-general. Through his influence the Second was
soon after transferred to the East and reorganized at Camp Chase, Ohio. In April, 1863, it left
Camp Chase, and until June 27th was engaged in some small raids, much of the time, however,
being spent in camp at Somerset, Kentucky. As a part of Colonel Kautz's brigade it participated
in the pursuit of John Morgan, whom it followed for 1,200 miles through three states, until his
capture at Buffington's Island. For its part in this expedition it was highly complimented by
General Burnside. In August, 1864, the Second moved with the army to East Tennessee, in the
brigade commanded by Colonel Caster, and easily put to flight the enemy at Loudon Bridge. It
subsequently joined the Army of the Cumberland under Rosecrans, took an honorable part in the
battle of Blue Springs and helped to defeat the rebels at Blountsville and Bristol. It participated in
the siege of Knoxville, on December 2nd engaged Longstreet's Cavalry at Morristown, and on
the 4th had 40 men killed and wounded in an encounter with eighteen regiments at Russellville.
Until January 1st it was fighting or marching with but little rest. On this date 420 out of 470
re-enlisted in the veteran service. After a veteran furlough of thirty days commencing February
16th, it reassembled at Cleveland March l0th, one hundred and twenty recruits being added to its
strength. On April 4th it it was encamped on the Chesapeake, and on May 3d reported to General
Burnside at Warrenville Junction. It took a very active part in the Wilderness campaign and on
May 29th became a part of General J. H. Wilson's brigade in Sheridan's famous cavalry. It took a
conspicuous part in the fight at Hanover Court House, and at Winchester where ,it sustained
considerable loss. It again distinguished itself at Summit Point, Charlestown, and Harper's Ferry,
and Berryville, Virginia, and on September 13th. captured one .of General Early's regiments in
front of Winchester. Its next gallant exploits were performed at the battles of Waynesboro and
Cedar Creek, and on December 28th it went into winter quarters near Winchester.
On February 27th the Second joined Sheridan's cavalry and on March 2nd assisted in the capture
of Early's army near Waynesboro. After Lee's surrender it served in Missouri when it was
mustered out September 1st, being disbanded at Camp Chase, Ohio, on Sep-
422 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
tember 11th with a record equalled by few of the military organizations in the war.
The Sixth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, recruited by Hon. B. F. Wade and John Hutchins, was
organized at Warren, October, 1861. It was first employed at Camp Chase in guarding rebel
prisoners. Early in May, completely equipped, it started for Wheeling, West Virginia. Under Gen.
Fremont it pursued Jackson down the Shenandoah Valley and was engaged with the enemy at
Strasburg and Cross Keys, and subsequently at Luray Court House and Cedar Mountain. Under
Pope in his struggle with Jackson for the Rappahannock it was fourteen days under fire. It next
performed gallant service at Second Bull Run, August 29th, 1862, and at Warrenton,
immediately afterward joining Burnside in his advance upon Fredericksburg. In the spring of
1863, it joined Hooker's army and in March maintained its high reputation at Kelly's Ford, and
subsequently in several other actions, at Aldie, June 17, under Colonel Steadman, making one of
the most gallant charges in the -record of cavalry service. As a part of Kilpatrick's brigade, it
performed effective service at Gettysburg, Falling 'Waters and subse-. quently at Culpepper
Court House, Rapidan Station, Sulphur Springs, and Auburn Mills, in the last named battle
losing three officers and thirteen men killed and wounded.
While in winter quarters at 'Warrington, the Sixth was detailed to general guard and :picket duty..
About January 1, about 200 of the .Sixth re-enlisted and were furloughed. After :reorganization,
with a large number of recruits, the Sixth became part of Sheridan's cavalry. It took part in the,
battle of the Wilderness, and on May 28, at Owen Church, lost Captain Northway, one of its
bravest and best beloved officers. It fought gallantly at Cold Harbor, Trevilian Station,
Petersburg and Hatcher's Run, where, October 27, Capt. E. S. Austin was killed. In all these
movements, the Sixth was invariably selected as the advanced guard. It was subsequently in
spirited :pursuit of Lee, at Farmville and Sailors' Court-house, and Five Forks, and while in the
pursuit of Lee, at Farnsville and Sailors' Creek. At Appomattox Court-house, it opened the
engagement. and afterwards acted as General Grant's escort from Appomattox to Burksville
Station. After Johnston's surrender it was divided into detachments and stationed in the district of
Appomattox. It was mustered out of the service at Cleveland, August, 1865.
Twelfth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry.—This regiment was recruited in August, 1863, in
accordance with an order.. from the war department to Governor Tod. Lieutenant Colonel Robert
\V. Hatliff of the Second Ohio Volunteer Cavalry was commissioned colonel, and the first
company reported at Camp. Taylor October 2, 1863. Most of the officers of the regiment were
trained soldiers and the regiment in consequence was so0n prepared for the field. Six companies
were detailed in Navember to guard the prison stockade on Johnson's Island, the other six
companies in the meanwhile drilling for field service. March 30 found the regiment encamped on
the plains near Louisville. The regiment had their first action during Morgan's raid when on June
9, it showed great gallantry in an encounter with the rebels at Mount Sterling. At Cynthiana,
Kentucky, Morgan was again overtaken and his forces scattered by a gallant charge, and on
September 20 there was a half-day's hard fighting at Saltville, the Twelfth driving the enemy
from his works. The regiment also assisted materially in General Stone-man's defeat of
Breckenridge at Marion, and in December assisted in the capture of Saltville. In March, 1865, the
Twelfth, re-equipped, saw service at Nashville, whence it hastened to Knoxville and
Murireesboro. It aided in the capture of Jefferson Davis and captured in Alabama Generals Bragg
and Wheeler. In November the regiment rendezvoused at Nashville and on the 14th was
mustered out of the service, a few days later being paid off and discharged at Columbus, Ohio.
ARTILLERY.
The following batteries contained recruits from Trumbull and Mahoning counties.
AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 423
First Light Artillery, organized 1860, six companies, James Barnett, colonel, who was succeeded
in October 1864, by C. S. Cotter. It was mustered into the United States service September, 1861.
Second Ohio Heavy Artillery was recruited in all parts of the state in July and August, 1863, in
order to garrison some captured forts with heavy arms. It consisted 0f 240o men.
Second Ohio Independent Battery was organized in the northwestern part of Ohio, in July, 1861,
and mustered into the service at Camp Chase August 9, for a period of three years. It re-enlisted
in 1864 and was mustered Out in July, 1865.
TOD POST, NO. 29, G. A. R.,
Was organized in November. 1879, with a membership of _____. The post has since had a useful
and active existence in caring for the welfare of the Civil War veterans of Youngstown and the
vicinity ; keeping up the memory of departed comrades, whose graves are annually decorated on
the day set apart by the Nation for that purpose, and in strengthening the bonds of patriotism and
fellowship among those who survive.
UNION VETERAN LEGION.
Encampment No. 3. of the Union Veteran Legion, was instituted in this city by Encampment No.
1, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, on Friday evening. May 1, 1885, in Emerald hall, and consisted of
twenty-two charter members.
At the present time Encampment No. 3 has about thirty members, with the following officers:
Joseph Seifert, colonel ; Dennis McKinney, chaplain; D. B. Stambaugh, quarter-master; J. NV.
Jewhearst, adjutant; Garvin Jack, quarter-master sergeant ; John Moore, color-bearer.
SONS OF VETERANS.
Hillinan Camp No. 10, Sons of Veterans, was mustered, June 29, 1886, with the follow- ing
officers: Commander, Charles F. Hall; senior vice-commander, Carl Woodworth; junior
vice-commander, R. E. Baldwin. 1887 —Commander, J. Ed. Leslie; senior vice-commander, R.
E. Baldwin; junior vice-commander, Fred Simpkin. 1888—Commander, R. E. Baldwin; senior
vice-commander, E. J. Braun-burn ; junior vice-commander, William Patterson.
1889—Commander, Robert N. Kerr; senior vice-commander, E. J. Braunburn; junior
vice-commander, William Patterson. There was no organization kept up during 1890, '91, '92 and
'93.
Baldwin Camp, No. 10, was mustered in on February 7, 1894, with the following officers:
Commander, Fred A. Simpkins; senior vice-commander, Robert N. Kerr; junior
vice-commander, William Gill. 1895—Commander, W. S. Watson (who. resigned May 21,
1895), A. G. Rowland; senior vice-commander, P. H. Woods; junior vice-commander, E. E.
Eckels. 1896—Commander, W. E. Baldwin; senior vice-commander, J. W. Blackburn; junior
vice-commander, George B. Havey. 1897—Commander, W. E. Baldwin; senior
vice-commander, J. Ralph Rigby; junior vice-commander, Frank Wilheide. 1898—Commander,
J. Ralph Rigby; senior vice-commander, Henry J. Kuhns; junior vice commander, Charles N.
Crozier. In 1898 the number was changed from No. 0 to No. 2. 1899—Commander, Henry J.
Kuhns; senior vice-commander, John J. Cornell; junior vice-commander, Cal. J. Mikesell. 1900
—Commander, john J. Cornell; senior vice-commander, Cal. Y. Mikesell; junior
vice-commander, W. L. Dales. 1901—Commander, Cal. J. Mikesell; senior vice-commander, W.
L. Dales; junior vice-commander, George. Washburn. 1902—Commander, W. L. Dales; senior
vice-commander, Charles N. Crozier; junior vice-commander, J. E. Nutt. 1903—Commander,
W. L. Dales; senior vice-commander, Charles N. Crozier; junior vice-commander, J. E. Nutt.
1904—Commander, J. E. Nutt; senior vice-commander, Henry J. Kuhns; junior vice-commander.
George Morgan. 1905—Commander. William Gill; senior vice-commander, R. W. Kaiser; junior
vice-commander, E. E.
424 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY
Eckels. 1906—Commander, William Gill; senior vice-commander, R. W. Kaiser; junior
vice-commander, E. E. Eckels. 1907—Commander, R. W. Kaiser ; senior vice-commander, E. E.
Eckels; junior vice-commander, George Morgan.
In 1897 A. W. Jones from Camp No. 2 was elected state commander with W. E. Baldwin, state
adjutant, and W. S. Watson, state quartermaster.
In 1898 A. W. Jones was elected commander-in-chief U. S. A. with W. E. Baldwin,
adjutant-general, and W. S. Watson, assistant adjutant-general.
LOGAN RIFLES, O. N. G.
The company of Ohio National Guard now known as the Logan Rifles, having been thus named
after General John A. Logan of Civil War fame, was first organized in Youngstown during the
summer of 1875. Roswell P. Shurtleff, a captain in the war of the Rebellion, issued a call for a
meeting of those interested, and it was held in the old Town Hall with Captain Shurtleff as
chairman and John Baker as secretary. An enlistment roll was drawn up and 97 citizens signed it.
R. P. Shurtleff was elected captain, James P. Conrad first lieutentant, and Aaron Harber,
second-lieutenant, and the company named "The Iron Guards." As the laws of the state in
reference to the formation of military companies had not been complied with. Adjutant-General
James 0. Amos refused to recognize the meeting, and another meeting was held at the same place
June 10, 1875, and the proper petition prepared. The adjutant-general approved the application,
and on June 19, R. P. Shurtleff was elected captain. T. F. Patton, first lieutenant, and William
McIlray. second lieutenant. They were commissioned July 26, 1875, at which date the
organization was formally accepted and mustered into the state's service. Quarters were rented
and the work of drilling commenced. Lieutenant Patton resigned and was honorably discharged
by S. O. 14, February 26, 1876. Lieutenant Mcllray resigned and was honorably discharged by S.
O. 18, March 15, 1876. Their successors were H. G. Reed, first lieutenant, and S. A. Smith,
second lieutenant, who were commissioned March 25, 1876.
In April, 1877, the company was ordered on active duty in aid of the civil authorities in
preserving peace during the hanging of Charles N. Sterling for the murder of Lizzie Grombacher.
Owing to the mystery surrounding the identity of the prisoner and the difference of opinion as to
his guilt, considerable feeling had been aroused. The company was on duty for two days and
without difficulty preserved peace and quiet. Col. Housteau re-signed and was honorably
discharged by S. O. 115, July 9, 1877. His successor was A. A. Ross, who was commissioned
October 6. 1877. The second encampment was held at the Youngstown Fair Grounds August 6 to
12.
On September 19, 1881, President James A. Garfield died, and on September 24, the Eighth
regiment was ordered to Cleveland to guard the public square, in which the catafalque containing
his remains lay in state. The "Iron Guards" were on duty three days. and were presented a
handsome wreath made from the flowers used in decorating the bier of President Garfield. The
wreath was appropriately framed and now hangs in the company's parlor.
June 1, 1894, found the miners of Ohio on a strike and practically all the coal in the market came
from "Bellwood" district of West Virginia. To stop even this supply, the miners systematically
"tied up" all freight traffic. Railroad cars were burned, bridges destroyed and employees
assaulted. In five counties the civil law was at a standstill and the court officers and processes
ignored or resisted. Once convinced that the civil resources were exhausted, Gov. McKinley
promptly ordered regiment after regiment under arms until 3,800 National Guards were scattered
along the railroads from the Ohio river north, affording full protection to a resumption of traffic.
June 11, at 6 p. m., the captain of the Logan Rifles received telegraphic orders to report with his
command to Col. Kerman at