AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 601 Mr. Graham was married to Helen E. Rice. He has many social and fraternal connections, including membership in the Elks and the Knights of Pythias. He belongs to the United Presbyterian Church. J JAMES DAVIDSON SHIELDS, a leading citizen of Coitsville township, resides on his well-improved farm of 112 acres, located in section 17, besides owning 30 additional acres which are located in the same township, on the Oak road. Mr. Shields was born in this township January 24, 1831, a son of John and Sarah (Davidson) Shields. His paternal grandfather, Jame Shields, came to Mahoning County from Beaver County. Pennsylvania, and settled on the present farm in 1801. He was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, and was nine years old when he accompanied his parents to America. They settled first in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, at a later date removing to Beaver County, where James' parents died. Coming to Mahoning County in 1801 as above noted, James Shields bought 228 acres of land in Coitsville township, which was then covered with its native forest growth. This he purchased from a land investment company, which gave him a deed, but, like many other early settlers who bought in this way, he found the title to the land clouded and in order to enjoy the improvements he had already put on the place, he was obliged to pay for it a second time. Other troubles came upon him, as about this time he was drafted for service in the War of 1812, and a severe attack of fever which rendered him unavailable for army service, was all that saved him from the risks and hardships of military service. Subsequently he cleared up all the land which had cost so him so much, and died in the little log cabin which he had erected when he first settled here. John Shields, father of James D. Shields, was born on the above mentioned farm, and assisted his father greatly in its final clearing. His wife, Sarah, was a daughter of James Davidson. who was born in Ireland and who had settled as a pioneer in Youngstown township. In 1852, John Shields bought the Davidson farm of his father-in-law, after first seriously investigating the advantages presented to settlers in Iowa. He continued to carry on agricultural pursuits during 0ne whole of his active life and became a man so highly esteemed for his many sterling qualities that he was elected justice of the peace, serving in that office for many years, and in 1859 he was elected county commissioner. His death occurred March 6, 1895, he having almost reached the age of 91 yealm0stis wife passed away in October, 1893, aged 85 years. They had four children, namely : James Davidson; Anna J., who died aged 33 years; John G., residing on his farm of 90 acres, in Coitsville township; and Ambrose, who resides on the farm his father bought in 1852. James Davidson Shields was reared near Coitsville Center and attended the district schools. As he was the eldest in the family, his services were required on the farm, but as he grew older he gave attention to other interests. In association with his father, he owned 5o acres of land near Edinburg, 50nnsylvania, and work was commenced there in the prospect of finding coal. The coal was found, but not in paying quantities, owing to the difficulty of mining it. They opened one mine, however, and in the summer of 1859 shipped coal by boat to Cleveland. Finding a superior quality of fire-clay, they went into the business of making fire-brick in 1861 and during the first season they made a kiln of 60,000 brick. James Shields, the father, continued in the business until 1866, when he sold the whole property—the land and the brickyard plant. On September 1, 1862, James D. Shields turned the brick business over entirely to his father and entered the Federal army, as a member of the 19th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, enlisting at Youngstown, where General Nash and two sergeants had a recruiting office, for three years service. He was forigned to a company and quartered at Camp Cleveland, 602 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY but later went to Youngstown, where the 19th regiment remained until January I, 1863, when they were ordered to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, and became a part of the Fourth army corps of the Western army. While in camp at this point, four of the twenty members occupying Mr. Shields' tent were prostrated with camp fever, he being the last to succumb and the only one to survive. For three weeks he was confined to his tent before the physician permitted him to be removed to the hospital at Murfreesboro, and later was sent from there to the convalescent camp, but was subsequently returned to the hospital, where he was assigned for duty, and for two months he served as a nurse for those more unfortunate than himself, at Hospital No. 1. It was during the progress of the battle of Chickamauga that a surgeon took Mr. Shields with 100 other convalescents to Chattanooga, and he remained at that hospital until it was closed, when he was sent back to Murfreesboro to assist in nursing a train load of poor, wounded soldiers. He remained there until the following spring, when he went again to Chattanooga. At this time he made application to be returned to his regiment, but the surgeon decided his health was not good enough for him to endure army exposure. Being unwilling to break his contract with the Government, he continued to act as nurse, and remained in the army until the close of the war, receiving his honorable discharge at Nashville, Tennessee, May 29, 1865. Mr. Shields' record proves that a soldier's courage and fidelity does not necessarily mean marching up to the mouth of a cannon. He had many trying experiences, and there are those still living who doubtless owe their lives to his kind and faithful care. Mr. Shields then returned home and resumed the brick business, marrying in the same year, and in the following year closed Out his brick interests and bought the farm in Coitsville township, on which he has lived ever since.. He keeps some ten or twelve cows and sells his milk by wholesale. Since August, 1890, Mr. Shields has been agent for the Suc cess Manure Spreader, manufactured by Kemp &. Burfee, Syracuse, New York, and he has disposed of fully T0o of these valuable agricultural machines throughout Mahoning and Trumbull counties, Ohio, and Lawrence and Mercer counties, Pennsylvania. In 1855 Mr. Shields introduced the first mowing and reaping machine in Mahoning County and he acted as agent for the same until he became interested in the brick business. He has always been a man of progressive ideas. In December, 1865, Mr. Shields was married to Mary Gilchrist, who died in May, 1903, leaving no children. She was a daughter of James Gilchrist, a native of Scotland and a carpenter by trade, who came to Coitsville township from Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1835, when his daughter Mary was a babe of six months, purchasing the farm on which Mr. Shields has lived since his marriage. Mr. Gilchrist built the house on the place, a substantial building, in which he died. Since the death of his wife, Mr. Shields has rented a part of his residence and the tenant looks after the farm. Mr. Shields, whose portrait accompanies this sketch, is a member of Tod Post, Grand Army of the Republic, No. 29. He belongs to the United Presbyterian Church at New Bedford. MRS. LOVINA B. COY, widow of Jonas Coy, who was a highly esteemed citizen of Green township, has resided on her valuable farm of 35 acres for many years, and is well and favorably known all through this section. Mrs. Coy was born in Green township. Mahoning County, Ohio. September 6, 1846. and is a daughter of Elijah and Mary (Way) Callihan. Elijah Callihan was born in Green township and was a son of Jeremiah Callihan, who was one of the earliest settlers here and a pioneer of sterling character. He married Mary Way, who was also a member of an old township family. Lovina B. Callihan was reared in Green township and obtained a district school educa- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 603 tion. On February 21, 1869, she. was married to Jonas Coy, who was also born in Green. township, October 28, 1820, where he died February 28, 1896. His father, Daniel Coy, Was one of the very early settlers in this part of Mahoning County. Mr. and Mrs. Coy had four children, namely : George W.; Gleason F.; Emma Frances, who married Percy Callihan ; and .Elsie G., who married Homer Rotcel. By a prior marriage, Mr. Coy had a family, the survivors of which are: Simon, John W., Sarah, Madison, Addison, and Amanda J. Sarah married John Hilliard. Mr. Coy was an excellent farmer and a quiet, self-respecting citizen. He took no active' interest in politics, but cast his vote with the Republican party. Few citizens left behind them a better record for honesty and upright dealing with his fellow men that did Jonas Coy. EDGAR STRAWN, formerly one of Goshen township's prominent and esteemed citizens, was born in Goshen township, Mahoning County, Ohio, October 24, 1855, on the farm on which his widow still resides, and on which he died December 31, 1903. He was a son of Samuel and Dortha (Kirtland) Strawn. The Strawns came to Goshen township at a very early day and built their cabin of logs in the wilderness in pioneer times. The father of Mr. Strawn was born in Goshen township, but his mother was a native of England. Edgar Strawn grew to manhood on the home farm of 67 acres. For many years his chief business was buying and shipping livestock. He was an excellent business man and was respected for his honorable methods. While he looked carefully after his own interests he was just in his treatment of others, and those who knew him best were ready to declare that "Edgar Strawn's word was as good as his bond." On April 22, 1896, Mr. Strawn was married to Florence M. Coy, who was born near Salem, in Columbiana County, Ohio, and is a daughter of Jacob and Hannah M. (Walker) Coy, both of whom now reside at Salem. Mr. Strawn was a Republican. FRANK L. DE NORMANDIE, sheriff of Mahoning County, Ohio, and a well-known business man of Youngstown, was born January 15, 1853, at New Castle, Pennsylvania. He resided on his father's farm in Lawrence County from the age of 12 to that. of 17 years. Mr. De Normandie became a resident of Youngstown, April 15, 1872, on that date entering the employ of John H. Bushnell, with whom he served an apprenticeship to the harness trade. He remained with Mr. Bushnell for 12 years, and afterward 16 years as his foreman, then becoming an equal partner in the business. On the death of Mr. Bushnell the firm of De Normandie & Kay was established, the business of Mr. Bushnell being purchased from his executors. This partnership continued until January, 1906, when Mr. De Normandie purchased Mr. Kay's interest and the business is now conducted under the name of Frank L. De Normandie, and, since our subject's assumption of public office, has been managed by the latter's son, Albert Franklin. In 1872 Mr. De Normandie was married to Emma McIntyre, of Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, and they have two children, Ada Blanche, who is the wife of John W. Miller, who is with the Carnegie Steel Company, and Albert Franklin, mentioned above. Mr. De Normandie and family belong to the Disciples Church. Fraternally he is a member of the Odd Fellows, belonging to the subordinate lodge and the Encampment, Patriarchs Militant, and the Rebekahs, also to the Elks, the Maccabees, and the National Union.. Mr. De Normandie has been prominent in political life in Mahoning County, for a number of years, serving on the city council of Youngstown and bolding a number of the minor offices. Since January 1, 1905, he has 604 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY been the very efficient sheriff of Mahoning County, a terror to evil doers and a protector of law-abiding citizens. BERNARD FORD LEE was the founder and for many years the president of the Poland Union Seminary, at Poland, and also 0ne of the notably successful business men of this section, who were early promoters of railroad building and developers of the oil and coal fields. Bernard F. Lee was born at Poland, Mahoning County, Ohio, May 7, 1814, and died at Poland in 1886. The Lee family is of English extraction and was established in Poland township by the parents of Mr. Lee when the country was yet a wilderness. In all probability the Lee family settled here next following the Kirtland family. Bernard Ford Lee attended the district schools in Poland township and when 14 years of age began to learn the tailor's trade, although his natural inclinations lay in the direction of an intellectual and professional life. To this end, after working at the trade all day, he attended night school and thus prepared himself for college, later entering an institution of note at Meadville, Pennsylvania. After completing its prescribed course he returned to Poland with the intention of commencing the study of law, but circumstances induced him to open up a school. For one year he conducted a school in the building, which was erected for that purpose but afterwards was converted into his residence, which is now the home of his daughter, Miss Grace Lee, and as he met with such unexpected patronage, a building was erected on the present site of the Poland Seminary. Subsequently Mr. Lee, with a corps of. competent educators, opened up a law and medical school in the building which he formerly used for the first school, and young men from the town and vicinity eagerly came for instruction, and upon his roll of students were inscribed names which have become illustrious on the pages of American history. From the Poland Union Seminary and from under Mr. Lee's personal supervision, went William McKinley, to enter the service of his country among the early volunteers. Before he departed he wrote his name upon the walls of the dining-room, and that signature, which then represented but an ambitious student and manly youth, was carefully preserved all through the years of his great rise to the heights of statesmanship and public honor, and the writing still remains a treasured relic of one who became "first in the hearts of his countrymen." In all his rise to fame there came no period when William McKinley did not look back to Poland Seminary, his only alma. mater, with affection, and to the end of his life he entertained the highest personal regard for Mr. Lee. Other distinguished names appear on this roll and many of the students of this school have, and still do occupy high places in professional and business life, both in Ohio and the Nation. After many years of successful direction of this school, President Lee retired in favor of Dr. McMaster, but he assumed charge of its business affairs, discharging them with the greatest efficiency as long as he retained the connection. Normally, Mr. Lee was a business man, possessing the alert faculties and the foresight which make the formulation of commercial policies and their successful carrying out, the foundation for great business movements. He was associated with Chauncy H. Andrews, the Wicks and other financiers of Youngstown, in many of their large enterprises, but always retained his home at Poland. Bernard Ford Lee was married (first) to Pauline King, who died in June, 1859. Six children were born to this marriage, as follows : Florence, deceased ; Jessie, who married Dr. W. S. Matthews ; Carrie, who married I. P. Sexton ; Henry Kirk, who died in infancy : Blanche, who married H. W. Lowery, residing at Akron ; and Grace, residing in the old homestead at Poland. Mr. Lee was married ( second) to Jane Simpson, and three children were born to this union, as follows : Bernard Lysle. Clyde Duncan and Annie. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 607 Both sons of the second marriage are engaged in the practice of law in Chicago. Mrs. Lee died in 1886. Every visitor to Poland notes the Old Lee homestead. It stands in the midst of a five-acre lot and the beautiful lawn and noble elm and maple and a variety of evergreen trees which give generous shade, are prominent features of the landscape. JOSEPH HENRY BROWN, one of the earliest iron manufacturers in the Mahoning valley, was born of English parentage at Glamorganshire, Wales, (July 24, 1810. He was cradled in the iron business, his father and grandfather having been iron manufacturers. At the age of four he was brought to this country by his parents, who settled in Maryland. His father, John Brown, erected the Ellicott iron and copper mills near Baltimore. Here, at an early age, Mr. Brown began to learn the iron business with his father. His educational advantages being limited, he thirsted for knowledge. A prominent family gave him access to their extensive library, to the kindness of whom he often after referred as owing much of the success of his life. Diligently studying at night, possessed of a bright mind and retentive memory, he acquired a good education. According to an old-time custom, his father claimed his wages until he became of age. On this account when 20 years old, he left home and sought employment in the iron mills at Montalto, Pennsylvania. Here he showed such a knowledge of the business that when his father came after him, his employer offered the young man such great inducements that his father allowed him to remain. He was soon after made manager of the works. From Montalto he went to superintend the works at Antietam, which his father had built, and later to superintend the mills at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, conducting them all in a most profitable manner. In January, 1839, Mr. James D. White of New Castle, Pennsylvania, sent for him to lay the foundation and superintend the construction of the first iron works there. At the death of Mr. White he leased and ran the mill very successfully until it was sold to A. L. Crawford & Company, Mr. Brown purchasing an interest. The practical management of the concern was left with him. The partnership being successful, at the end of four years he erected another mill in company with Joseph Higgs and Edward Thomas. This establishment was considered one of the finest plants in the states. Additional capital being necessary, three more partners were admitted. Mr. Brown managed the mechanical portion in a profitable manner, but through the dishonesty of one of the new partners, the financial management was a failure. About this time the mill burned down and Mr. Brown found himself, after sixteen years of unceasing labor, poor and penniless. In desperation he, with his younger brother, Richard, drove over to Youngstown, then a village of 2,800 inhabitants, to see if they could not negotiate for the purchase of Wick Brothers' old mill, and move it over to New Castle. This was in 1855. The mill had not been running for years, was rusted and neglected, requiring much labor and money to put in order. The brothers, however, decided to buy it if they could. "We haven't a cent," they said, "but we know how to make iron." Their reputation had gone before them, and they soon came to terms with the owners, who agreed to sell the mill on time if they would let it remain in Youngstown. This they consented to do. A partnership was formed, called Brown, Bonnell & Company, consisting of Joseph and his brothers Richard, Nathaniel and Thomas Brown and William Bonnell, all of whom had been associated together in the iron business in New Castle, and James Westerman of Youngstown. The purchasers were to pay $100,000, $25.000 each year for four years. Repairs were at once begun and forty men with their families moved over from New Castle by stage and canal to work in the mill. At first the new firm had an exceedingly hard time to keep in business. It was only by indomitable perseverance that the mill was kept 608 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY ging. Youngstown was practically dead then and the people in their joy at having something to do, willingly put up with many inconveniences. The workmen received no cash, but were paid by the firm's orders on a local store, in which the former owners of the mill were interested. In spite of all these difficulties, the energetic firm succeeded in paying for the plant in the time specified. Their motto was "Good iron and fair dealing." Their success was phenomenal, so that these mills soon became the second largest exclusive iron plant in America and the names of its founders will go down to posterity as the architects and builders of the city's fortunes. Mr. Brown was the inventor of a number of improvements in the making of iron, which he never patented. One of them was the method of manufacturing nails with the fiber of the iron running lengthwise instead of across the nails. This has been the universal way of making cut nails ever since. He also built one of the first two close-top blast furnaces in this country (not knowing, the other was under construction), reconverting blast furnace practice in this country. In 1875 Mr. Brown, in company with Mr. William Bonnell of Youngstown, and Messrs. Samuel, George W. and Charles B. Hale and Joseph 'I'. Torrence, of Chicago, built the Joseph H. Brown iron and steel works of South Chicago, afterwards sold to the Calumet Iron and Steel Company. Mr. Brown was one of the founders of the merchant iron firm of "Cleveland Brown & Company," of Cleveland, Ohio, also one of the founders and one of the early presidents of the Mahoning National Bank and a director of the First National Bank of Youngstown. He was the president of the Brown-Bonnell Company from its beginning until the sale of his interest to Herbert Aver of Chicago in 1879. In political matters he took no important part, but held that it was the duty of every good citizen to always cast his vote. A man of large brain, well informed on political economy, he was asked to a conference of leading statesmen and frequently was called before the ways and means committee at Washington to give his views. During his residence at Chicago he was president of the "Tariff League of America." After the sale of the Joseph H. Brown Iron and Steel Works at Chicago, Mr. Brown, with his family, returned to Youngstown, at the age of 72, much broken in health. The death of his wife in June, i886, was a severe blow to him, and :contributed largely to hasten his demise a few months later, November 17, 1886. He was a member of the Trinity M. E. Church and contributed largely to its support, as he did to all charitable and benevolent institutions in the city, doing so as far as possible without publicity, and no worthy suppliant was ever turned away. In 1832 he was married to Miss Susanna Oellig, a daughter of Dr. John Oellig, a prominent physician of Waynesboro, Pennsylvania. They had twelve children, four of whom died in infancy. The others are : Mrs. Edwin J. Warner, Mrs. Cyrus E. Felton, J. Oellig Brown, Edmond L. Brown, Ella Brown, Emily Brown, Mrs. William Powers and Joseph H. Brown, Jr. The last two are now 'deceased. He was a most affectionate husband and indulgent father, to his friends cordial, generous and pleasant. His face glowed with benevolence and good cheer. A man of great business sagacity, high-minded and honorable, of stubborn integrity, his word was his bond. A portrait of this estimable citizen is published in connection with this article. GIDEON E. SANTEE, president of the board of trustees of Smith township and one of its leading citizens, resides on his excellent farm in section 11, which contains almost 80 acres of valuable land, which is well adapted to general farming. Mr. Santee was born July 25, 1855, in Smith township. Mahoning County, Ohio, near where he now resides, and is a son of DeLorma and Hannah (Ellyson) Santee. The Santee family is an old pioneer one of AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 609 Mahoning County. It was established in Smith township by the great-grandparents of Gideon E. Santee. Thomas Santee, the grandfather, was a young man when he accompanied his parents to Smith township, where he entered 80 acres of land. The early years of the family were passed in clearing up the wild farm, while they lived in a primitive log cabin. Prosperity came to them and as they won it by their industry, they also gained the esteem of their neighbors by their exemplary, orderly lives. De Lorma Santee succeeded to his father's estate and to his fair name, and in the course of years became also a man of substance and local prominence. He served many years as a public official in Smith township, in the offices of trustee and treasurer, and took the interest of an enterprising and progressive citizen in political matters concerning his own community. De Lorma Santee married Hannah Ellyson, who was born January 21, 1830, and still survives. She is a daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth Ellyson, natives of New Jersey, who settled in Goshen township, Mahoning County, prior to her birth, where they became people of high standing in public esteem. Of the five children born to De Lorma Santee and wife, four survive, namely : Dr. Leon B., a physician, residing at Marlborough, Ohio; Gideon E.; Sylvester J., residing at Damascus; and Elizabeth S., who married James Morgan, residing in Smith township. De Lorma Santee died July 5, 1905. Gideon E. Santee was reared on the home farm, where he was trained in agricultural pursuits. He attended the public schools of Smith township and later spent one year as a student in Mt. Union College, after which he settled down to farming, in which he has been interested ever since. His well-cultivated land, prolific orchards and sleek cattle all proclaim a large measure of prosperity. Mr. Santee has two sons, Curtis A., who was born June 21, 1894, and William M., who was born December 31, 1896. The mother of these sons died April 6, 1903, leaving behind her many sorrowing friends. She was a woman of lovely character and had been a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Santee was reared in the Society of Friends and is a member of the East Goshen Church, of which he is a trustee. In politics, he has been a life-long Republican. He is serving as chairman of the board of education of Smith township, having been connected with this body for some seven years, and is also president of the board of trustees-of the township, in both offices proving him self an efficient and conscientious officer. WILLIAM B. JONES, a prominent resident of Youngstown, and auditor of Mahoning County, was born in Allegany County, Maryland, in 1859, and is a type of the successful self-made man. Mr. Jones enjoyed but common school advantages in his native place, but after coming. to Youngstown, Ohio, in 1880, he completed his education in the night schools. At first he secured work as a teamster and while so employed during the day time, pursued his studies faithfully in the evenings, thus preparing himself for a business career. Later he secured a position as a clerk in a mercantile establishment in this city, still later, entering Wick's bank as bookkeeper and real estate agent, where he continued for sixteen years. In 1901 Mr. Jones engaged in the real estate business for himself at Youngstown and continued in that line of work subsequently until he assumed the duties of his present office on October 16, 1905, he having been elected thereto in 1904. Prior to this he had held other political positions in Mahoning County, having been for years an active supporter of the Republican party. He is connected also with various business enterprises and is a citizen who, in every way, is representative of the city's best interests. On February 10, 1887, Mr. Jones was married to Laura W. Thrasher, formerly a teacher in a Maryland High School. They have two sons, L. Calvin and W. Bruce. Both are bright boys, and the elder, a lad of 12 years, 610 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY has shown remarkable adaptability in a mechanical line and is much interested in the study of electricity. Mr. Jones is a Mason, an Elk, an Odd Fellow and a member of the National Union. ELMER ELLETT, a representative agriculturist and dairyman of Smith township, residing on his finely improved farm of 6o acres, situated in section 36, was born in Portage County, Ohio, April 6, 1862, and is a son of John H. and Almira (Card) Ellett. The Elletts came to Ohio from New Jersey. John H. Ellett, father of Elmer, who now lives retired at Struthers, aged 75 years, was born in New Jersey and was about nine months old when his parents brought him to their pioneer farm in Goshen township, Mahoning County. He was reared near the Bunker Hill Methodist Episcopal Church, and on that farm his father, David Ellett, died. In 1869 John H. Ellett settled on the farm in Smith township which Elmer now owns, and here he lived for a long period. For a quarter of a century he has been a minister in the Wesleyan Methodist Church. He married Almira Card, who was born in Smith township, which was named for her maternal grandfather, who was the first permanent settler in the township. She died November 17, 1903. Both she and husband were educated in Mt. Union College and in his early manhood he taught many terms of school. Elmer Ellett was seven years of age when his parents settled on the farm he now owns, and here he has lived ever since. He was educated in the public schools of Smith township and at Damascus Academy. In addition to general farming, which Mr. Ellett carries on in a scientific way, he is largely interested in dairying, for this purpose keeping a fine herd of Holstein cattle, a number of which are registered animals. Mr. Ellett has made many substantial improvements on his place in the way of commodious buildings, and his residence is one of the finest rural homes to be found in this section of the county. Its surroundings are all in keeping and the entire place makes a beautiful picture, whether in the bloom of summer or the snow of winter. On August 4, 1883, Mr. Ellett was married to Irena M. Butler, who was born in Knox township, Columbiana County, Ohio, and is a daughter of John and Ann (Coppock) Butler, later of Butler township, Columbiana County. Mr. and Mrs. Ellett have two children : Effie B., who married Clyde Pettit, residing in Goshen township, has one daughter, Mildred E. ; and Curtis A., residing at home. Mr. Ellett is one of the wide-awake, progressive agriculturist of this section and has always shown his interest in developing the land and improving the stock. He has long been a member of the Damascus Farmers' Institute, and prior to being elected its president, in which office he served three years, he was a valued member of the executive committee. Politically he is a Republican. ALEXANDER KENNEDY. The death of Alexander Kennedy, which occurred on his farm in Green township, November 27, 1903, removed from this community a man of sterling worth, one whose exemplary life and kind and generous nature had brought him the esteem and confidence of all with whom he had become associated. Mr. Kennedy was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, February 2, 1827, and was a son of John and Sarah (Rankin) Kennedy, both of 'whom were natives of that country. In his own land Alexander Kennedy learned to be a stationary engineer, a trade he followed for half a century. On June 15, 1861, he was married to Janet Love, who was born in the same shire as himself, and who is a daughter of John and Janet (McFarland) Love, the former of whom died in Scotland and the latter in Mercer County, Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy reared a large family. and the survivors are the following: AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 611 Sarah, who married James Notman, residing at Beloit, Ohio; David, residing at Washingtonville ; James, residing in Green township; Agnes, who married James McFee, of Austin-town township; Janet, who married Ernest Allen, residing at Salem; William, residing in Green township; and George, residing at Washingtonville. In 1887 Alexander Kennedy came to Mahoning County, and for two years resided west of and near Youngstown, removing then to Green township, near Washingtonville, where he purchased a farm of fifty acres, on which his widow still resides. For a number of years he was employed as a stationary engineer in connection with coal mining operations, and he also engaged in farming. Until within three years of his death, Mr. Kennedy was a robust man. The family is well and favorably known all through this section. Mrs. Kennedy is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Washingtonville. In earlier years Mr. Kennedy had been identified with the order of Odd Fellows. JAMES BUTLER, who has been a member of the Board of Public Safety of Youngstown, Ohio, since February, 1906, was born in this city, July 17, 1856, and is the son of James and Catherine (Nugent) Butler. James Butler, the father, was born in County Waterford, Ireland, in 1828, and emigrated to America in 1847. He settled first in Canada, but soon found his way to the states, and resided in the city of Boston for several years before coming to Ohio. In early manhood he worked at the carpenter's trade, but his latter years were spent on a farm. During the Civil War he was with the "Squirrel Hunters" in their chase after General John H. Morgan, the raider. He married Catherine Nugent and they became the parents of six children : John N.; Hannah, who married Edward Flannigen ; James, subject of this sketch; Margaret, wife of Patrick O'Brien; Mary, and Thomas. James Butler was reared on a farm near Mineral Ridge, Trumbull County, Ohio, where his parents located when he was a child. Here he was given a good common school education, remaining on the farm until 1880, when he was engaged by the Erie Railroad as yard brakeman in their yards at Youngstown, Ohio. After spending fourteen months in this trying and dangerous occupation, Mr. Butler went to the Lake Shore road, running a local freight out of Youngstown for six months. Then for a number of years he was with the Pennsylvania road, first as brakeman, and in 1885 being promoted to the position of conductor. In 1887 he accepted a position as brakeman on the Pittsburg & Western Railroad, and a. number of years later was made yard conductor. In the following year he was advanced to yardmaster, which position he held, until he retired from railroading in 1901 to. accept that of city commissioner, which he held for four years. Among railroad men he is deservedly popular, and has served as secretary of the James Harvey Lodge, No. 21, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. He is a. Democrat in politics and is a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Butler was married February, 1881, to Miss Mary A. Stotler, a daughter of Michael and Mary Stotler. They have six children : Edward T., Frank L., Raymond. M., William J., Catherine Irene, Elizabeth M. FRED MATTIX, a popular citizen and successful business man at Greenford, proprietor of a grist mill, where he manufactures flour and feed and deals in all kinds of grain, was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, August 13, 1867, and is a son of Elijah W. and Lorna. (Ferguson) Mattix, who are natives of Pennsylvania and reside at Sharon, in that state. Fred Mattix was aged about 12 years when his parents moved to Orangeville, Trumbull County, Ohio, having attended the public schools of Mercer County prior to this removal. For a considerable period he worked in the stave manufacturing department of the 612 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY Standard Oil Company, but since July I, 1899, he has been engaged in his present enterprise at Greenford. His mill is equipped with the roller process and he has a big custom trade among farmers in the neighborhood of Greenford, and also sells and ships to Youngstown and other points. He is a good business man, honest, accommodating and capable, and has a genial manner, which makes him popular with his fellow citizens. In July, 1888, Mr. Mattix was married to Minnie Wreichtadt, who was born at Greenford, Ohio, and 'is a daughter of Andrew Wreichtadt. Mr. and Mrs. Mattix are members of the Greenford Lutheran Church and they have many pleasant social connections in the village. DAVID BECK, a leading citizen of Springfield township, owns 282 acres of very valuable farming land, situated in sections 25 and 26, but resides, with his sister, on the old homestead farm of 197 acres, which belongs to his father's heirs. Mr. Beck was born on this beautiful old home place, October 12, 1857, and is a son 'of Christian and Mary (Horning). Beck. Christian Beck was born in Germany and .accompanied his parents to America in his boyhood. His father settled in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, where he remained for some years, but later returned to die in his native land. Christian Beck was reared in Lawrence County, where he lived until after his marriage, when he came to Mahoning County and settled 0n the farm on which his son lives, purchasing first, 85 acres in section 23, to which he subsequently added until he had 197 acres. This land he improved by putting up substantial buildings, and it is a very valuable property at the present time. He resided here until his death on March 20, 1903. He was a lifelong Democrat and held some local offices. For many years he was one of the pillars of the Lutheran Church. He married Mary Horning, who was born in Springfield township, on a farm north of this homestead, and was a daughter of John and Hannah (Sipe) Horning. She died in May, 1905. They had nine children, as follows : Harriet, who married 0: F. Ilgenfritz ; George F., residing at East Palestine ; Hannah, who resides with her brother on the homestead; Anna, who died in 1896; David ; Clara, who married J. S. Allen, residing at Wampum, Pennsylvania ; Seymour, residing in Springfield township ; Ida. who married S. D. Greiner, residing at Petersburg ; Elsie, who died aged one year ; and William, who died aged 21 years. David Beck was reared on the present farm and was educated in the district schools. He has always devoted himself, more or less to agricultural pursuits, carrying on general farming and stock raising. In addition to managing the old homestead property, he looks after his farm of 100 acres, which is situated in section 25, south of this place, and a second farm of 182 acres, situated in section 26, which was the old Gottleib Bonnett farm: He is president of the Home Telephone Company, one of the township's most useful utilities. In politics Mr. Beck always supports the candidates of the Democratic party in National affairs, but uses his judgment in local matters. He is a member of the Lutheran Church.. Mr. Beck has never married. J. H. MIDDLETON, county clerk of Mahoning County, Ohio. is one of Youngstown's energetic and progressive young men, and one who is an important factor in Republican political councils. He was born in this city, a son of the late John Middleton, who was an early settler at Youngstown and a well-known citizen. John Middleton married Mary E. Irwin and they had two sons, the subject of this sketch, and Harry I., the latter of whom is in the employ of the Republic Iron and Steel Company. The father died when J. H. was but one year old, but the mother still survives. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 615 J. H. Middleton was educated at Youngstown and was still a boy when he entered the employ of the Lake Shore Railroad, for whom he wasengaged in clerking in different departments of the service. Subsequently he went to the Republic Iron and Steel Company, where he remained two years. He was then cashier at Youngstown for the Iron Sheet and Tube Company, for one and a half years. Then he went into the office of probate judge as deputy probate judge. and remained for four years. Mr. Middleton was elected councilman from the Second ward and served in this office until he was elected county clerk in the fall of 1905. He has long been a zealous worker in the Republican party, and was chairman of the Republican county executive committee during the campaign that resulted in the election of President Roosevelt. He has membership in the Odd Fellows, the Elks, and the Knights of Pythias. GEORGE M. McKELVEY for a number of years stood at the head of a score of the most successful business enterprises of Youngstown, Ohio, and, until ill health caused a partial retirement, was a notable example of the result of perseverance and enterprise. Mr. McKelvey was born at the village of Armagh, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, on August 17, 1849, and his death occurred at the family home, "Torfoot," Youngstown, December 24, 1905. Mr. McKelvey obtained his education in the schools of his native county and for a time engaged in teaching, which occupation he alternated with farming until 1869, when he came to Youngstown. Having relatives already established here, he became associated in a dry goods and grocery enterprise with his cousin, Lawson McKelvey, opening a store on the corner of Mahoning and Oak Hill avenues, but subsequently removing to Federal street, where for a time he conducted the Red Hot Cash Store. By this time he had shown those business qualifications which so marked his management of later and larger enterprises. He then went to Hubbard, where the Andrews & Hitchcock Iron Company had established a general store, and became their manager, and continued to be interested in that concern until his death. Upon his return to Youngstown in 1882, Mr. McKelvey, in association with L. E. Cochran and the late C. H. Andrews, bought out the business of the E. M. McGillen Company, which later Underwent re-organization, Mr. McKelvey becoming president of G. M. McKelvey & Company, with L. E. Cochran, who is now president, as vice-president, and E. L. McKelvey as secretary and. treasurer. Mr. McKelvey assumed the duties of general manager of this business and built up one of the largest department stores in this section of the country, one known over and beyond the state. There was no element of. chance in the remarkable success that he achieved. Thoroughness in organizing and extending his great business was joined to what may be termed almost genius in choosing his fellow workers—and many of these were associates in other important organizations as well as in his great mercantile busi- ness. With C. H. Andrews, L. E. Cochran and others he was deeply interested in the organizing of the Commercial National Bank, of which he was president at the time of his death. He was one of the organizers of the Standard Table Oilcloth Company, of which he was director and chairman of the executive board; he was vice-president of the Youngstown Iron & Steel Roofing Company; vice-president of the Mahoning Foundry & Machine Company; vice-president of the Edwin Bell Company, now of Pittsburg; and director in the Ryan-Parker Construction Company of New York. In September, 1876, Mr. McKelvey was married to Leah M. Brownlee, of Struthers, Ohio. He is survived by his widow and five children, namely : Mrs. Letitia Morris, Lucius, Mrs. Katherine Owsley, Florence, and Gertrude. Mr. McKelvey was essentially a business man. During the accumulation of his own 616 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY fortune, he assisted in the building of others by encouraging industries and enterprises in which he had no interest beyond that of a sincerely public-spirited citizen. He was always ready and willing to promote movements for the public welfare, but in an intelligent and wise manner, making no vain show of his wealth and prominence. He was a member of the Youngstown Chamber of Commerce and was chairman of its committee on public improvements. For many years Mr. McKelvey was a leading member of the Tabernacle United Presbyterian Church and a liberal contributor to the support of its many charitable enterprises. His fraternal relations were mainly with the Masons, he being a member of Hillman Lodge No. 481, F. & A. M.; Youngstown Chapter, No. 93, R. A. M.; and St. John's Commandery, K. T. He was also an Elk ; and belonged to the Royal Arcanum and the National Union. His portrait is herewith presented. FRANK B. GEIGER, an enterprising and successful farmer of Springfield township, residing on his valuable property, which contains 68 acres of well cultivated land, was born in Springfield township, Mahoning County, Ohio, July 20, 1874, and is a son of Gottlob and Gottleiba (Myers) Geiger. The father of Mr. Geiger was born in Germany and was two years old when he was brought to America by his father, Daniel Geiger. The latter located on a farm at the crossroads, in Springfield township, in the southeast corner of section 21, and built the house, which is still standing, in which Frank B. formerly lived. There Gottlob Geiger was reared. He later became a substantial farmer and lived to a good old age, dying May 28, 1905, aged 75 years. He built the house in which his son Frank B. now resides, the latter having purchased his father's farm in the spring of 1907. Gottlob Geiger married Gottleiba Myers, who was a daughter of George and Mary (Koch) Myers. Her father was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, and the ship in which he started to America was wrecked and he was taken to Norway, but was finally landed at Philadelphia, where he was bound out for three years, probably to work out his passage money. He started for Ohio with a horse and wagon, which he traded when he reached Springfield township, Mahoning County, for 300 acres of land, to which he later added 27 acres and still later bought 80 more acres. He followed farming and operated a coal bank for a number of years. He married Mary Koch, who was born in Germany and was the only girl in a. family of eight children. She came to America when young, with two of her brothers, and was bound out in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. They had three children : Gotleib and Gottleiba, twins, and J. George, who died on his farm in Springfield township, in 1905. The children of Gottlob and Gottleiba Geiger were : George, residing a half mile southwest of the home place; Mary, who married Isaiah Hoffman, residing in Green township.; Louisa, who married Allen Felger, residing in ,Springfield township ; Julia ; Clara, who married Nathaniel A. May, residing in Springfield township ; William, residing in New Springfield; Charles, residing at Boardman; Tillie, who married Clinton Lipp, residing in Minnesota; and Frank B. Frank B. Geiger was reared in his native township and attended the public schools through his boyhood. He remained on the home farm assisting his father until his marriage, when he located one mile west of his present place, on his grandfather's old farm, on which he lived until 1900. In 1905 he settled on his father's old farm, and in the spring of 1907 he became the owner of this excellent property. This he operates and rents his grandfather's old farm, so that he has a large acreage to manage. His land is under a fine state of cultivation, he has good buildings and a large amount of modern farm machinery. He works along modern lines and is meeting with the most satisfying results. On November 17, 1897, Mr. Geiger was married to Frances Elser, who was born in AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 617 Beaver township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a daughter of Simeon and Mary (Cover) Elser, both of whom are residents of Beaver township, Mr. and Mrs. Geiger have three children, namely : Russell E., who was born March 1, 1900 ; Mildred Verne, who was born August 31, 1901 ; and Charles Clinton, who was born January 12, 1904. In politics Mr. Geiger is a Democrat. He is a member of the Lutheran Church. ROBERT F. UMSTEAD was one of Goshen township's most highly esteemed citizens, where he carried on general farming and also operated a greenhouse in connection therewith for some twenty-five years. Mr. 1.5mstead was born March 30, 1829, in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and was a son of John and Maria (Favinger) Umstead, and he died in Goshen township, February 5, 1903. The great-grandfather of Robert F. Um-stead was Harmon Umstead, who emigrated from Germany, settling in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. When Robert was about 17 years of age, he accompanied his father, John Umstead and his step-mother, to Mahoning County. They settled in the southern part of Goshen township, in which Robert Umstead continued to live until the close of his life. His industry brought him material prosperity and he left an excellent estate at death. He was a man of sterling character, one of the solid, sensible, reliable citizens who are a gain to any community and whose death can but be a great loss. His tastes were quiet and his desires satisfied by the cultivating of his land and caring for the welfare of his family, but he was always ready to lend his influence in the direction of promoting temperance, education and morality in his neighborhood. In political sentiment he was a Republican. On August 15, 1850„ Mr. Umstead was married to Minerva J. Morris, who was born at Damascus, Ohio, March 15, 1831, and is a daughter of Anthony and Elizabeth (Stuckey) - 33 - Morris. The father of Mrs. Umstead was born at Damascus and was a son of Anthony and Hannah (French) Morris, who were natives of New Jersey. They came to Damascus among the earliest settlers and passed through Salem on the way, which was then a settlement of four cabins. The mother of Mrs. Umstead was born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Umstead is one of a family of twelve children : Sarah, who is the widow of Joseph Walker, residing at Alliance; Barbara A., who married John Myers, residing in Ripley County, Indiana; Stephen, residing at Salem ; John W., deceased, who was a soldier in the Civil War; Barzilla, deceased, who died from wounds received at the battle of Lookout Mountain, during the Civil War; Mrs. Umstead, James, Daniel, Hannah, Elizabeth, Mary and Lorenzo. A family of five children were born to Robert F. Umstead and his wife, namely : Presley, engaged in mechanical pursuits, residing in Goshen township; Maria E., who married Hiram. Brown, residing in Goshen township; John C., residing in North Jackson, Ohio; Morris A., residing in Goshen township; and Daniel B., residing at Salem. Mrs. Umstead resides on her farm of 117 acres in Goshen township. She is well-known and enjoys the esteem of a wide social circle. Her kindness and hospitality are only equalled by the wisdom and prudence with which she has managed her affairs since her widowhood. AUREN WARD STEWART, residing on his valuable farm of Too acres; situated in Poland township, is a representative agriculturist of this section and belongs to an old pioneer family of Trumbull County. Mr. Stewart was born in Hubbard township., Trumbull County, Ohio, October 8, 1847, and is a son of William A. and Mary (Stewart) Stewart. The names of father and mother were the same, but their ancestry was different. William A. Stewart was born in Liberty township, Trumbull County, Ohio, April 11, 618 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY 1818, and was a son of Robert Stewart, who was also reared there, his parents probably being among the earliest settlers in that section. After his marriage, William Stewart moved to Hubbard township, and during the childhood of Lauren W., to Mercer County, Pennsylvania, and subsequently to Iowa, where the father died four years later, November 16, 1857. The widow then returned to Ohio and lived for a time with her father, Alexander Stewart, who was the father of D. Hammond Stewart, a sketch of whom will be found in this work. The mother died April 25, 1887, aged 67 years and 5 months. When Lauren W. Stewart had reached manhood, his •mother and he went to housekeeping in Boardman township. In 1895 Mr. Stewart purchased his present farm and settled on it in 1900. His land is well situated and is adapted to general farming and stock raising. On January 29, 1885, Mr. Stewart was married to Mary Elizabeth Balmgardner, who was reared in Pennsylvania, and is the only child of John Jacob and Isabella (Wallace) Balmgardner, natives of Beaver County, Pennsylvania, both of whom died when Mrs. Stewart was quite young. Mr. and Mrs. Stewart have five children, namely : Ethel May, Elmer Ward, Frank William, -Grace Eleanor, and Charles Walker. The eldest daughter graduated from Poland Seminary in the spring of 1906. The family belong to the Presbyterian Church at Poland, in which Mr. Stewart is an elder. MRS. LYDIA MESSERLY, residing on her valuable farm of almost 80 acres, in Green township, Mahoning County, Ohio, has spent the whole of her 69 years here, where she was born, June 16, 1838. She is a daughter of Jacob and Susannah (Rooler) Cool. The father of Mrs. Messerly was born in Virginia and was 18 years of age when he accompanied his widowed mother and his brothers and sisters to Mahoning County. His uncle, Philip Cool, was also of the party, and they settled on the farm now owned by Mrs. Messerly. At that time the country was still a wilderness and the log cabin of the Cool family stood surrounded by a dense forest. Many pioneer hardships had to be endured, but in the meantime the clearing and cultivating of the farm was accomplished. Jacob Cool grew to manhood, married and died. Of his eleven children, two alone survive, namely : Elizabeth, who is the widow of Andrew Rhodes, and Mrs. Messerly. Lydia Cool was educated in the district schools of Green township, and December 26, 1867, she was married to William H. Messerly, who was born March 22, 1839, in Beaver township, Mahoning County. He died December 18, 1892. They had three children, namely : Orrin J., born November 16, 1868; Emery S., born January 15, 1871, deceased; and Cora E., born January 20, 1877, who married Frank C. Mellinger, of Leetonia, Ohio. Orrin J. Messerly is serving as assessor of Green township, having been elected on the Democratic ticket. Like his father, he has always given stanch adherence to the Democratic party. He belongs to Greenfield Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, and is also a member of the order of Foresters at Green-ford. Mr. and Mrs. Messerly resided on the present farm and Mr. Messerly became a well-known and successful agriculturalist. Mrs. Messerly is a member of the German Reformed Church. She has passed her whole life in this section, and commands the respect and enjoys the esteem of all who can claim her friendship. ENSIGN N. BROWN, attorney-at-law, at Youngstown, with law office in the Maloney block on Wick avenue, was born in 1854, at Canfield, in Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of Richard and Thalia F. (Newton) Brown. Richard Brown, born in Derbyshire, England, was a son of Captain John Brown, an AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 619 officer in the English army, and came to America about 1845. He married Thalia F. Newton, a daughter of Hon. Eben Newton, who settled in Mahoning County in 1815, and who lived his whole life at Canfield, with the exception of a few years during which he practiced law at Cincinnati. He was the first judge of Mahoning County, was a member of the state senate and in 1852 was elected a member of congress from this district. Some time after 186o he served again as a member of the Ohio state senate. Ensign N. Brown was an infant when he was taken to New York city, where he was carefully reared and educated, his father being a merchant there. In 1878 he returned to Canfield, called there to look after his grandfather's interests, and, in accordance with the wishes of the aged jurist, he entered upon the study of law in the office of Judges Van Hyping and Johnston. In 188o he was admitted to the bar at Columbus, and then located at Youngstown, where he has gained a prominent position in the profession. He is a member of the Law Library Association. In 1876 Mr. Brown was married to Jeanette Cooper, of New York City, and they have two daughters, Genevieve Newton and Bessie Hunt. Mr. Brown has always taken a good citizen's interest in politics, but has never consented to be a candidate for office. He is one of the leading Masons of the city, having been identified with the fraternity for thirty years, and is past master of the Blue Lodge. He is a member of St. John's Church. GEORGE A. COOK, who settled in 1905 on his valuable farm of 227 acres, situated in section 28, Green township, was born. February 24, 1863, and is a son of Deacon and Sarah (Pettit) Cook. Deacon Cook, father of George A., was also born in Green township and was a son of Jacob and Elizabeth Cook, the former of whom was a native of New York and the latter of Virginia. Deacon Cook was reared on his father's pioneer farm and spent his whole life in Green township, where he followed farming and stock-raising. Of the children born to Deacon Cook and wife, seven survive, namely : Freeman J., residing in Colorado; Ensign, residing in Green township; William D., residing at Gallipolis ; John P., residing in Beaver township; Martha A., who married Charles Horn, residing in Columbiana County; George A.; and Walter S., residing at Youngstown. Emma C. and Howard D. are deceased. Deacon Cook died in 'the spring of 1890, and was survived by his widow for several years. From childhood, George A. Cook has been interested in agricultural pursuits, first on his father's farm and later on his own, and he has also been identified with the lumber industry, successfully operating a sawmill for ten years prior to settling on his present fine property. On December 13, 1888, Mr. Cook was married to Cordelia S. Huffman, who was born in Virginia and is a daughter of David and Sarah Huffman, of Greenford, Ohio, formerly of Virginia. They have one daughter, Sarah L. Mr. Cook is a stanch Republican but is no aspirant for political honors, contenting himself with performing his full duty as an intelligent American citizen. He belongs to Greenforcl Lodge, No. 514, Knights of Pythias, of which he is a charter member. GEORGE P. MILLER, one of the leading citizens of Smith township, who is successfully engaged in farming and stock-raising on his large estate of 137 acres, which is situated in section 3, was born on this place, and is a son of William A. and Rebecca C. (Pow) Miller. On this old homestead farm, which was settled by Abraham Miller, the grandfather of George P., who came from Pennsylvania at a very early date, William A. Miller, his father, was born, in the little log cabin which was the first home of the family. He became a prominent and useful citizen, was a trustee of Smith 620 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY township, a justice of the peace for many years, and was elected county commissioner of Mahoning County. In politics he was identified with the Republican party, but he served his community faithfully without hope of political favor. He was a consistent member and an elder in the Presbyterian Church at North Benton. His death occurred in April, 1885, and then Smith township lost one of her best citizens. William A. Miller was married (first) to Rebecca C. Pow, who died in 1876. The children of this marriage were: George P.; Mary L., who married C. L. Harris, a well known attorney, residing at Eldorado, Kansas ; Anna M., who married Homer H. Ward, residing at Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he is a merchant; Ida A., who married F. L. Sage, who is dean of the law school of the Michigan State University, residing at Ann Arbor; and Walter L., residing in Smith township. William A. Miller was married (second) to Mary Brosius, who now resides at Alliance, and they had one son, Carl E., residing at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he is a mechanical engineer. George P. Miller obtained his primary education in the local schools and then attended Mt. Union College for a time, where he completed the commercial course of study. He has mainly devoted his attention to farming and stock-raising, being much interested in growing sheep, keeping from 100 to 300 head at one time, a number of these being registered, and all of fine grade. Mr. Miller has been very successful in his undertakings, and beside assisting himself, has done much toward raising the standard of stock through this neighborhood. On March 1, 1888, Mr. Miller was married to Effie M. Lazarus, who is a daughter of Daniel Lazarus, of North Benton, and they have had four children : William L., Blanche M., Gertrude. deceased, and Daniel H. Politically Mr. Miller is a Republican. He is a member and an elder of the North Benton Presbyterian Church, to which he has always given a liberal support. GILBERT M. DILL, a well known resident of Poland township, and the owner of 60 acres of land situated in Poland and Boardman townships, was born in Wayne County. New York, May 3o, 1834, and is a son of George and Esther (Garrett) Dill, the former of whom was a native of New Jersey, and the latter of Williamson, New York, where she was born May 13, 1813. She still survives and resides with our subject, hale and hearty, at 94 years of age. Gilbert M. Dill was reared in his native state and came to Youngstown in 1868, where he married Caroline Jacobs, a daughter of Nicholas Jacobs. He then entered into a partnership with Freeman 0. Arms, a member of the Church Hill Coal Company, and conducted a general store at Church Hill for some time, when he removed to Hubbard, where he and Robert Jewell established the Hubbard Savings Bank, of which he was cashier. Three years later he returned to Youngstown and entered the employ of the Mahoning Valley Iron Company, of which he later became part owner, remaining there for seven years. He then bought his beautiful residence and ten acres of land in Poland township, his home being located within the corporation line of Poland Village. He also owns 5o acres in Boardman township. Mr. and Mrs. Dill have two children : Alice (Mrs. Alfred Stewart), and George E., the latter of whom lives at Joliet, Illinois. Mr. Dill is a Democrat. CALEB HOLE, a highly respected citizen of Damascus, of which place he has been a resident for the past twenty-two years, is president of the Butler and Goshen Mutual Aid Society, which is a fire insurance organization. with offices at Dasmascus. Caleb Hole was born near Augusta, in what is now Carroll, but then was Columbiana County. March 6, 1827, and is a son of John and Catherine (Hanna) Hole. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 623 The father of Mr. Hole was born near Harper's Ferry, Virginia, and the mother, at Lynchburg in the same state, her father, Robert Hanna, having been one of the proprietors of that town in early days. He came to Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1802, and the family has long been a prominent one in the state. Mrs. Hole was a great-aunt of the late distinguished Senator Hanna of Ohio. Caleb Hole was reared in his native locality and in boyhood attended private schools. He was reared on a farm and as he grew older and desired more extended educational opportunities, he industriously applied himself until he had earned enough capital to attend what is now Mt. Union College, at Alliance. From early youth he has practically made his own way in the world, acquiring property and also the esteem of his fellow citizens in the same quiet, persistent, honest way with which he obtained his education. For a long period he engaged in teaching school, through Stark County, in Carroll County, and also in Indiana. After marriage and settlement on a farm, he engaged in general agriculture and for twenty years paid much attention to the raising of sheep. On February 11, 1868, Mr. Hole was married to Mrs. Sophia Hole, who was the widow of Prof. Jacob G. Hole, who, with his brother, Prof. Israel P. Hole, conducted Damascus Academy. The parents of Mrs. Hole were Morris. and Ann (Votaw) Miller, the former of whom was born in Pennsylvania and the latter in Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Hole have had two children : Dr. N. W. and Anna L., deceased. By her former marriage, Mrs. Hole had two children : Judson G., deceased, and Charlotte, who is the wife of Rev. Benjamin Farquar, of the Society of Friends, residing at Whittier, California. While residing in Carroll County, Mr. Hole served both as land appraiser and as trustee of Augusta township. In political sentiment he is a Republican. Both he and wife are members of the Friends Church, in which he is an elder, having occupied that office for a quarter of a century. He is one of the charter members of Damascus Academy and for some years was president of the board of trustees. He believes in the value of Sabbath schools and for over a half century has been a willing teacher and has also served as superintendent. Mrs. Hole is an interested and useful member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union at Damascus. JOSEPH G. McCARTNEY, a prominent citizen and for a number of years a large farmer and dairyman, whose portrait appears on a neighboring page of this volume, resides on his valuable farm of 130 acres in Coitsville township. He was born July 1o, 1834, in an old log house which stood on the site of his present home, and is a son of James and Elizabeth (Maxwell) McCartney. James McCartney, the father, was born in the town of Skeyans, County Fermanagh, Ireland, October I, 1791, and married Elizabeth Maxwell, who was born in the town of Beldamalard, in the above county, November 13, 1793. They were married in the town of Beldamalard, by Rev. Hopkins, October 15, 1815, and in 1817 they came to America, where James McCartney died April 16, 1869, his wife having passed away April 14, 1865. By trade James McCartney was a shoemaker, and after settling in Philadelphia, he worked as such until 1819, when he came to Youngstown. Here he not only worked as a shoemaker, but also conducted a brick yard. He built one of the first brick houses in the city, which was situated on the corner of Federal and Walnut streets, but never occupied it. Subsequently he bought the present farm and moved into a log house which stood on the place, resuming the making of brick here. The present substantial brick residence which is occupied by Joseph G. McCartney, was constructed in 185o of brick made on the farm, and both father and son worked in its building. There were ten children born to James McCartney and wife, nine of whom reached maturity, as follows : Sarah, deceased, who 624 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY was born in Ireland, October 12, 1816, married George Braden; Eliza, born at Philadelphia, October 25, 1818, died in infancy; Eliza Jane, deceased, who was born at Youngstown, July 4, 1821, married Thomas Noble; Johnston, deceased, who was born at Youngstown, August 29, 1823, was a man of high standing in the community; Lucy Ann, deceased, who was born August 27; 1825, married Abram Kline; James H., deceased, was born November 18, 1827; Isabella, deceased, born March 29, 1830, who was married (first) to Arthur Young, and (second) to Thomas Burns, lived near Sandy Lake, Pennsylvania; William, deceased, was born May 1o, 1832, in Coitsville township; Joseph G., subject of this sketch; Mary, deceased, born in Coitsville township, October 12, 1836, married Silas Frankel. The family settled on the farm about 183o. Joseph G. McCartney was the second youngest of the above family and is the only survivor. He has always lived on the home farm, which formerly contained 160 acres. Mr. McCartney has sold a number of lots from the farm and calls the settlement of fine residences Marian Heights, in honor of his granddaughter, Marian McGeehan. He engaged in farming and had a large dairy trade, which is still carried on by his son James. After attaining manhood, Mr. McCartney was married to Mary Milligan, who is a daughter of James Milligan, and they have had six children, namely : William, Matilda, Bessie, James, Adeline and Minnie, the last-named of whom died at the age of 15 years. William McCartney, who is a mechanical. civil and electrical engineer, is ndw located at Joliet, Illinois, where he is employed in the extension of the drainage canal. After completing the common school course at Coitsville, he graduated from the Raven High School at Youngstown, and took a complete engineering course at Troy. New York. He married Carrie Jones and they have one child, Gertrude. Matilda, who is the wife of Thomas McGeehan, is also a graduate of the Rayen High School. Mr. McGeehan, at the time of his marriage, was superintendent of the Coitsville township schools, but is now in an electrical business in Youngstown. Mr. and Mrs. McGeehan have one child. Marian. Bessie is the widow of Dr. Osborn Yost. and has two children, Harold and Marjorie. James, who is a farmer, residing in Coitsville township, married Laura Wilson. Adeline is the wife of Indice Small, and they live on a farm adjoining the subject of this sketch. For nine years Mr. McCartney was a justice of the peace in Coitsville township and gave great satisfaction in the office. He has always lent his influence to discourage the liquor interests in this section. For many years he has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and is one of the trustees. GEORGE W. HENRY, one of the representative men of Youngstown. Ohio, who is serving his second term as trustee of Youngstown township, was born in Pennsylvania, but as he was brought in childhood to Ohio. he has a strong affection for the state in which he was reared and educated. His maternal grandfather was a veteran of the Revolutionary War. Mr. Henry is a self-made man. He began to work in the coal bank at Thornhill when he was but nine years of age. and he continued to work at coal mining until 1878. when he engaged in a grocery business. He conducted his grocery for six years. and then for a period was connected with several Youngstown business enterprises, being with the Singer Sewing Machine Company for two years. Mr. Henry has always taken an active interest in public affairs and has long been a representative member of the Republican party. In January, 1902, he was appointed to fill out an unexpired term as trustee of Youngstown township, and served from January to April. In the next election he was elected trustee by a majority of 1,300 votes, and at the subsequent election was elected without opposition. This fact proves conclusively that Mr. Henry