AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 877 Mr. Spear married Isabella. Stanley, who is a daughter of John and Hannah Stanley, former residents of Salem, but now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Spear are members of the Presbyterian Church at Salem. In politics Mr. Spear is a Republican. He has served for two terms as trustee of Goshen township and is a public-spirited and progressive citizen, taking an interest in all her public affairs. He belongs to the order of Knights of Pythias, at Sebring, Ohio. IRA FRANKLIN MANSFIELD. The Mansfield family is of ancient origin and honorable achievement in all the walks of life down the line from remote periods in the pioneer past to the .changed conditions of the progressive present. Though there are now representatives of the name in the various States of the Union, they radiated from one common center in the ancient Wallingford of Connecticut, where the connection clustered for many generations. The family is traced back to Sir John Mansfield, who was born and died in Exeter, Devonshire, England. His son, Richard Mansfield, was born in Exeter, England, in 1609, settled in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1639, and died January to, 1655. He married a Miss Gilham. Their son, Major Moses Mansfield, was born at New Haven in February, 1639, married, in 1664, Mercy Glover, and in 1697 married Abigail Yale. He was a picturesque personality in the early Indian wars, and went out as Major-General of the State militia, defeating the Indians in King Philip's war, and in his honor the name of the aboriginal town of Nawbesetuck was changed to Mansfield. His son, Jonathan Mansfield, was born in New Haven, February, 1686, married, in 1708, Sarah Ailing, and, later, Abigail Dorman, and died in January, 1775. Moses Mansfield, the son of Jonathan, was born in Wallingford in 1709, married, in 1734, Mary A. Kierstead, and, in 1748, Rachel - 45 - Ward, and died in 1754. He was known as "Schoolmaster." John Mansfield, the son of Moses, was . born in Wallingford in 1748, and married, in. 1775, Ester Lewis. He was widely known as "Captain Jack," and his memory is proudly cherished by his descendants for his distinguished services as a soldier and a patriot. He served for thirty-nine years in the military forces of Connecticut, being at different times a member of the Second, Fourth and Sixth regiments and securing promotion to commissioned officer in each. He entered the Revolutionary War in February, 1775, fought through all. the terrible years "that tried men's souls," and at its glorious termination held a commission. as captain, which was conferred under circumstances that reflected great honor upon the lamily name. It was received from the hands of General Washington himself, and states specifically that it was given in reward for 'coolness, firmness, and punctuality" displayed by leading the "forlorn hope" that stormed and. captured redoubt No. to at Yorktown, Virginia. This patriotic officer, twice wounded, was retired on a pension in 1814, and died in. June, 1823. He left a son named Ira Mansfield, who was born in Wallingford, in 1776, and married Sukey Kirtland. They settled at Atwater, Ohio, in 1803; he was a member of the militia taking part in several Indian conflicts,. and died in 1849. Isaac K. Mansfield, son of Ira Mansfield,. was born at Atwater, Ohio, in 1809 ; he married, in 1838, Lois H. Morse. Early in life he engaged in mercantile pursuits in Poland, Ohio ; he was also a commission and forwarding merchant in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died in 1850. Ira F. Mansfield, son of Isaac K. Mansfield, was born in Poland, Ohio., in 1842. Besides passing through the common school grades he. had one year's course at Poland College. His schooling was suddenly ended by his suspension for violating the school rules by attending a dancing party at President William Mc- 878 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY Kinley's home, after which he learned the moulder's trade with Van Brocklin & Jones at Youngstown, Ohio. But this occupation was changed by the outbreak of the Civil War. It was not to be expected that a descendant of soldiers and, patriots. would hold aloof at such an hour, and so we find young Mansfield at his Poland home, in August, 1862, as having enlisted in Company H, One Hundred and Fifth Ohio 'Infantry. Two months later they were in the battle of Perryville, Kentucky. Company H lost every officer, and, though badly wounded, Sergeant Mansfield took command of the company and was early promoted to second lieutenant. At the battle of Chickamauga he was made first lieutenant, and for "conspicuous bravery" in the charge and capture of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, was assigned as quartermaster on General Thomas's staff of the Fourteenth Army Corps with the rank of captain. His military service included Sherman's March to the Sea, the campaign through South and North Carolina and Virginia, with the final review at Washington, D. C., in 1865. On his return to Poland, Ohio, Mr. Mansfield took a half interest in the Brick Store, but soon sold it and purchased the Cannel Coal Mines in Beaver County, Pennsylvania. Besides making yarious improvements there, Mr. Mansfield carried on a general store, and was postmaster. He is the owner of a large fruit orchard and has 200 acres of land at Negley, Ohio, with large railroad mines and fire clay works. He was justice of the peace for twenty-five years and married over eight hundred couples. In 1887 he removed to Beaver, Pennsylvania, where his activities include those of president of the Beayer College, also of Griersburg Academy ; yice-president of the Rochester National Bank, and director of Wabash lines of railroads. He was representative in the Pennsylvania legislature for ten years, and has reached the 32nd degree in Masonry. On the 11th of December, 1872, Ira F. Mansfield was united in marriage to Lucy E. Mygatt. The children of this union are : Kirtland M., Mary L., and Henry B. Mr. Mansfield is also a leading authority on botany, haying for seyeral years chaperoned a club of lady school teachers in camping, and made a systematic study of wild flowers, insects and fossils. He has published a work on the wild flowers of Beaver county, with notes and many illustrations. He is a member of the American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia, the A. A. A. Society of Washington, also several botanical clubs of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Massachusetts. SHANNON JEFFERSON CLEMMENS, one of the most prominent citizens of Jackson township, who is engaged in general farming on a fine farm of 115 acres, was born July 9, 1859, in Jackson township. Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Lipkey) Clemmens. Nicholas Clemmens, the paternal great-grandfather, was a soldier in the War of the Revolution and among his treasured possessions was a cane, presented to him by Gen. George Washington. The maternal grandparents were Lipkeys, and the maternal great-grandmother was a Miss Crow. The paternal grandfather of Mr. Clemmens was Daniel Clemmens, who came to this county from Pennsylvania, was one of the early settlers of this township and located on the farm now owned by D. R. Johnson. George. Clemmens, father of Shannon J., was born in Jackson township, in 1828, and died in February, 1903, aged 75 years. He married Elizabeth Lipkey, who was also born in this township and is now in her 75th year. She resides on the old home farm with her son, Elmer E. Clemmens. Four children were born to George and Elizabeth Clemmens William Wesley, who died aged 19 years ; Charles A., who is one of the trustees of Jackson township, and a prominent farmer, married Josephine McMahon ; and Elmer E., who married Dora Moody, resides on the old home farm in this township. Shannon J. Clemmens was reared on a farm and attended the public schools of his AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 879 native township. He has always followed farming and first began housekeeping near his old home on his father's farm. In 1889 he purchased and located on the farm where he now resides, and is recognized as one of the most successful farmers and stock-raisers of this township, growing a great many hogs, cattle and sheep. His fine home is of the latest type of architecture and is equipped with all modern conveniences. and he has made many improvements on the place, including a large barn, 42 by 53 feet. Mr. Clemmens was married August 13, 1885, to Bertha McMahon, a daughter of John C. and Margaret (Carson) McMahon. They have one child, Neva Marie, aged nine years, who attends the public schools of North Jackson. Politically, Mr. Clemmens is a Republican and has served for two years as a member of the school board of Jackson township. Both Mr. and Mrs. Clemmens are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of North Jackson, of which he is also a trustee and steward, and in which he has served as superintendent of the Sunday-school. Mr. Clemmens is a stockholder in the North Jackson Telephone Company. D. P. COOPER, president of the J. A. and D. P. Cooper Company of Struthers, and also president of the Struthers Savings and Banking Company, is one of the leading men of Mahoning County and belongs to one of the old and honored families of this section. Mr. Cooper was born on his father's farm in Coitsville township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of Robert and Catherine (Buchanan), Cooper. The Cooper family came originally from County Antrim, Ireland, the first settler locating in 1760, in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. There David Cooper, grandfather of D. P. Cooper was born, who subsequently married Rebecca Armstrong, and they were the pioneers of the family in Ohio. David Cooper was a civil engineer in Frederick County, Maryland, and he made his first visit to Coitsville township, Mahoning County, in 1798. He returned to Maryland but came back to this section in 1800, and purchased 400 acres of land offered by the Connecticut Land Company. He built the usual pioneer log cabin, perhaps with more care than was necessary at a later day, but as this was very early, protection had to be provided from both Indian yisitors as well as wild animals. It is said that through port holes in his house he frequently shot game, as it wandered near. David and Rebecca Cooper reared a large family, their names as preserved being as follows : James, Jane, Rebecca, John, Sarah, David, Eliza, Margaret, Polly, William, Robert and Armstrong, the only survivor being William Cooper, who is a farmer of Coitsville township. David Cooper died May 23, 1855, aged 94 years. He had been a soldier in the Revolutionary War, a member of Porter's Battalion, of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Robert Cooper, father of D. P. Cooper, was born July 23, 1827, on the farm his father secured in Coitsville township, on which he spent his whole life and died November 12, 1896. He married Catherine Buchanan, who was born on her father's farm in Poland township, Mahoning County, October 21, 1831, and died June 28, 1893. She was a daughter of John Buchanan, who married Rebecca Applegate, whose father, James Applegate, was also a soldier in the Revolutionary War, serving with the Private Rangers, from Bedford County, Pennsylvania. He also served in the War of 1812, and died June 20, 1820, in Liberty township, Trumbull County, Ohio. Robert and Catherine Cooper had the following children : David Perry ; Rebecca Laura, who married S. B. Calton, of Girard, Ohio; Sarah J., who was a professional nurse, died in the line of duty, in March, 1907; and John A., who is a farmer and stock- raiser in Coitsville township. David P. Cooper remained on the home farm until he was 18 years of age and up to this, time had been afforded but few educational opportunities, his father, like many other men of his day, regarding any schooling be- 880 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY yond the acquisition of the primary principles, unnecessary as long as there was land to clear. The young man apprenticed himself for a term of three years with the Siegfried and Lemley Company, now the Youngstown Carriage and Wagon Company, and as he was ambitious, during this period he employed his eyenings in advancing his education. During the first two years he attended the Fourth Ward night school and came under the instruction of Professor Wilson, and in the last winter he was a student in the business college conducted by W. A. Hull. The following three years Mr. Cooper spent working at his trade as a journeyman wagon and wood-worker in eastern factories, and upon his return to Coitsville he engaged in a carriage business on his account, and after about 10 years he entered into partnership with J. A. Cooper, his cousin. They entered into a carriage and wood-working business at Struthers, and in 1892 they incorporated the J. A. and D. P. Cooper Company, a business concern that is known all over the country at the present time as the Cooper Gear Works, of Struthers, manufacturers of carriage gears. Mr. Cooper has been president and general manager of this company ever since it was incorporated. Mt. Cooper has gradually enlarged the scope of his investments and interests, and as a stockholder, is connected with a number of other prospering concerns. Since the organization of the Struthers Savings and Banking Company, in 1901, he has been at its head. On Christmas eve, 1877, Mr. Cooper was married to Mary A. McClellan, who is a daughter of Capt. David and Mary A. (Murray) McClellan, the former of whom was killed while leading a charge at Stone River, during the Civil War. Mr. and Mrs. Cooper have had four children, namely : Ralph, who is superintendent of the J. A. and D. P. Cooper Company, married Ina Faith Stewart, and they have one child, Mary Ina; Dahl B., who is a graduate of the Harvard Law School in the class of 1907; Mary, who is a graduate of the Rayen High School ; and David Perry, who died February 13, 1904, aged five years. Mr. Cooper has long stood as an honorable and successful man of affairs and that he has been the architect of his own fortune but commends 'him to his thoughtful fellow-citizens. He is noted for his public spirit and for his hearty co-operation in all that concerns the welfare of the section in which he has his home. SAMUEL JAMES, a well-known and prosperous ,farmer, was born in Goshen township, October 28, 1837. His ancestors were Quakers who came from London, England, to America about 1680 in the time of the religious persecutions of Charles II. They settled in New Jersey, afterwards going to Virginia, where they lived for generations. John James, the grandfather, crossed the mountains from Virginia to Ohio in 1801. He entered a half section of primitive forest land in Goshen township, Mahoning County, and with his wife, Martha (Bangham) James, of Brandywine, Pennsylvania, settled upon it as a pioneer. Abel James, the eldest of their 10 children, was born in 1802. He married, in 1825, Hannah Garwood, of Culpeper, Virginia. They settled on a hundred acres of his father's homestead which was subsequently their home. A family of five children was born to them : Emeline, Phebe, Lydia, Samuel and Hannah K. Abel James was a man of prominence in his community, public-spirited and progressive.. His early political sympathies were with the old Whig party, whose leaders in this section of Ohio were Ben Wade and Joshua R. Giddings. Later he became a Republican. He was active in the anti-slavery movement of the '50's, and his home was often visited by the anti-slavery agitators of that time. The neighboring old Quaker town of Salem was famous as a stronghold of the advocates of universal freedom, and was one of the most active stations of the "Underground Railroad," which conveyed slaves to freedom in Canada. Abel James's two surviving children are Hannah K. and Samuel. The former, who was for years a teacher in Cleveland, and principal of one of the public schools of that AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 881 city, is the widow of the late R. 0. Campbell, of Salem, Ohio, in which place she resides. Samuel James, subject of this sketch, married Nancy Margaret Wharton, daughter of the late William C. and Margaret (Davis) Wharton, the Whartons being one of the oldest and most prominent families of Smith township. He became a prosperous farmer and stock-raiser, retaining the old home farm until 1896, when he retired to a small but valuable farm of 20 acres in Smith township. He still retains, however, the old homestead in Goshen. Mr. James is highly esteemed as a man of ripe judgment and personal integrity, keeping in touch with local, national, and world progress. ELIAS KENREICH, who resides in section 16, Green township, where he owns a finely cultivated farm of 230 acres, is one of the substantial men of this part of Mahoning County. He was born in Green township, Mahoning County, Ohio, February 15, 1831, and is a son of Michael and Elizabeth (Dustman) Kenreich. The Kenreich family is of German extraction and the father of Elias Kenreich was born in Lancaster County, and the mother in Washington County. Pennsylvania, of parents who were born in Germany. Extended and detailed mention of this prominent Green township family will found in the sketch of Noah S. Kenreich, in this volume. Elias Kenreich was reared with his brothers and sisters in Green township and they attended the district schools together. Elias chose farming as his occupation and has never regretted the same, having met with very satisfactory success in the cultivation of his land and the raising of his cattle. and stock. It has required a great deal of hard work to place his large farm of 230 acres in its present fine condition, but in his labors he has been assisted by his capable sons, and they now own a valuable property. On April 1, 1875, Mr. Kenreich was married to Mary Keyser, who was born October 8, 1854, in Green township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a daughter of Jacob and Lydia (Heisy) Kyser, the former of whom was born in Mahoning and the latter in Columbiana County, Ohio. Mrs. Kenreich was reared mainly in Fairfield township, Columbiana County, where her parents moved in her childhood and where both died. To Mr. and Mrs. Kenreich have been born ten children, as follows: Rev. Charles H., who is a Lutheran minister, located at Scranton, Jackson County. Mississippi; Emma A., who is a popular music teacher in Green township; William W. and Walter F., both residing in Green township; Paul G., attending the Lutheran College at Winfield, Kansas; and Mary A., E. Augustus, Bertha L., Martin G. and Victor L., all residing in Green township. Mr. and Mrs. Kenreich are members of the Lutheran' Church at Youngstown. Mr. Kenreich has always been active in religious work and is ever ready to lend his influence to advance moral movements. In politics he is a stanch Republican. URIAH WATSON YEAGER, a substantial citizen and a prosperous farmer and stock-raiser, operating one of the best-cultivated farms in Ellsworth township, consisting of 200 acres, belongs to old pioneer stock of Mahoning County. He was born on the homestead farm in Ellsworth township, Mahoning County, Ohio, October 22, 1872, and is a son of William and Magdalina (Brobst) Yeager. Both the Yeager and Brobst families came to Ohio from Pennsylvania and probably from Lehigh County, settling in Ellsworth township when the country was yet undeveloped. William Yeager, father of Uriah W., was born January 16, 1835, in Canfield township, Mahoning County, and is a son of Christian Yeager, born in 1807, who died in 1891. aged 84 years. The grandmother of Uriah W. Yeager was a member of the Miller family. 882 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY She died in 1852. Christian Yeager and wife had three children : William; Nathan, who owns the old Yeager place on which his father first settled; and George, who resides in Austintown, in the second house from Smith's Corners. The mother of Uriah W. Yeager was born at Smith's Corners, Mahoning County, Ohio, in 1836, and died of pneumonia, February 20, 1907. Her parents were Daniel and Magdalina (Fullwiler) Brobst, the former of whom died in 1894, in his 98th year, and the latter, in June, 1852. The children of Daniel Brobst and wife were: Charles, residing at Youngstown; Rachel, residing at Warren, Ohio ; Mrs. Betsy Handwork, deceased, .formerly of Beardstown; Mrs. Amanda Hammond, residing at North Baltimore ; Mrs. Susan Strock, residing in Austintown; Magdalina, deceased; Daniel, who was a soldier in the Union army during the Civil War and was a flag-bearer at the fall of Vicksburg; Mrs. Lucy Snyder, residing at North Baltimore; and Mrs. Mary Dustman, deceased, formerly of North Baltimore. There were 12 children born to William Yeager and wife, as follows : Heman, residing in Berlin township, engaged in farming, married Ella Clay; Jomandis, residing in Ellsworth township, engaged in farming, married Clara Clay; Annie, who married John Burkey, residing in Ellsworth township; Edward, who died aged 37 years, resided on his farm in Wood County, Ohio, unmarried; Liberta B., who married John Kale, residing at Wingston, Wood County ; Perry, who died in infancy; Charles, residing in Hancock County until recently, when he moved to Wood County, where he is engaged in farming, married Retta Ire, of the former county ; Jefferson. residing at Beardstown, Wood County, unmarried; Uriah W.; Dallas, residing at Beardstown, engaged in farming for his brother ; Rachel, deceased, who married William Musser, of Poland township; and Sherman, residing at Newton Falls, Trumbull County, married Martha Danforth. The father of the above mentioned family still survives. With the exception of one year during which he worked at the water works plant at Youngstown, Mr. Yeager has been engaged in farming ever since he finished going to school, and his present land has been brought to a high state of cultivation. He raises corn, oats and wheat, and every year turns out a large amount of live-stock, hogs, cattle and sheep. In 1902 he erected a residence which contains eight rooms, with halls and closets, which is a fine type of the modern rural home, and in 1904 he still further improved his place by building his substantial barn. Mr. Yeager is unmarried. His family has always been identified with the Democratic party, but he is liberal and supports those candidates he deems best qualified for office. DAVID CRUMRINE, one of the representative men of Goshen township, who has resided on his excellent farm of 82 acres, which is situated in section 4, since the spring of 1899, is also a survivor of the Civil War. Mr. Crumrine was born in Berlin township, Mahoning County, Ohio, August 23, 1831, and is a son of John and Susan (Burget) Crumrine. The father of Mr. Crumrine was born in Pennsylvania and was of German extraction. He settled in Berlin township before much clearing had been done and built his pioneer cabin in the woods which were then inhabited by wild animals. The parents of Dayid Crumrine have long since passed away. David Crumrine was reared in Berlin township and obtained his education in the early schools. He followed farming as he grew to manhood and that has been his main occupation in life. During the Civil War he served in answer to the call for 100-day men, entering Company G, 155th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, holding the rank of corporal. He is a member of Kirkbride Post, Grand Army of the Republic, No. 600, at Berlin, and served as its commander for almost three years. In 1854 Mr. Crumrine was married to Asenath Cook, who was born in Goshen town- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 883 ship, April 12, 1833, and is a daughter of Job and Mary Ann (Swain) Cook. Job Cook was born in New Jersey and was a son of Jacob Cook, who came to Mahoning County at an early day and settled in Green township, near New Albany. The Cooks have always been prominent and substantial people. Of their children, three survive : Mathias. S., residing at Council Bluffs, Iowa; Asenath, Mrs. Crumrine; and John B., residing in Mahoning County. Job Cook formerly owned the farm on which Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine reside. He was a Whig in his political sentiments in early days, but later became a stanch Republican. He was one of the liberal supporters of the Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine, namely : Carrie V., who married Homer Woolf, residing at Atwater Station; Mary P., who married Wilfred Smith, residing at Tyrrell Hill, Ohio; Eva, residing at home; and J. L., residing at Cleveland. On January 26, 1904, Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine celebrated their golden wedding. This was a happy occasion long to be remembered by .the devoted children, grandchildren and close friends who were permitted to be present. It was particularly enjoyable for there are, as yet, no broken links in the family chain. Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine are valued members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They have a wide acquaintance as both families have been prominent so long in Mahoning County, and they have many friends who honor and esteem them for themselves. GALLUS GRIM, a successful agriculturalist and prominent resident of Poland township, whose fine farm of 134 acres is situated about one-half mile southeast of Struthers, and in one part adjoins the corporation line, was born at Wittenberg, Germany, December 29, 1828, and is a son of Barney and Catherine Grim. The father was a small farmer and also carried on shoemaking. Both. he and wife died in Germany. Gallus Grim attended school in his boyhood in his native land, and then entered a grist mill, where he continued to work for twelve and a half years, leaving, in 1853, when 25 years of age, to come to America. As his father had died when he was but 14 years of age, and he was the eldest son of a widow and one of seven children, he escaped compulsory army service. He settled first at Erie, Pennsylvania, where he worked several years as a teamster and then in the same capacity for a couple of years at Greenville, when he came to Coshocton, Ohio, and became a coal miner. After two years, about 1858, Mr. Grim came to Mt. Nebo, Mahoning County, where he worked in a coal bank for a protracted period. He providently invested his earnings in land, in 1863 buying his first 5o acres. He continued to buy parcels of land and to keep up improvements, and in the panic of 1873, bought a farm which adjoined his former one, selling it at a largely increased figure at a later date. In 1890 Mr. Grim bought 83 acres adjoining his first purchase, of the Anderson heirs, on which he made many improvements including the building of a handsome residence, which is occupied by his daughter, Mrs. Theodore Mack. His oldest surviving son lives on the old home place adjoining the second farm, and on it Mr. Grim has two dwelling houses, the new residence having been completed in 1905. The two farms are operated together by Mr. Grim's son and son-in-law. During his active years, after retiring from mining, Mr. Grim carried on farming and stock-raising. In 1858 Mr. Grim was married to Lena Voglebarger, who died May 21, 1891. They had three children, namely : John, who died aged six years ; Catherine, who married Theodore Mack ; Christopher, who married Catherine Welch, has two children, Gallus and Marv. Mr. Grim and family belong to the Catholic Church at Struthers. The son-in-law, Mr. Mack, is a member of the church council. Mr. 884 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY Grim stands very high in the estimation of those who know him. His success in life is the direct result of industry, .frugality and good management. JOHN J. THOMAS, M. D., a prominent physician and surgeon at Youngstown, with offices at No. 122 East Wood street, has been...a resident of this city since 1882. He was born in England, but was brought to America when :a babe of six months, by his father, Rev. John M. Thomas, who was a minister in the Congregational Church. Dr. Thomas lived in New York city for .a time and prepared for the work of his profession at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he was graduated in 1881, and immediately entered into practice. From a short but successful period of practice in Pennsylvania, Dr. Thomas came to Youngstown, and in the 24 years of residence here he has gained an enviable reputation for professional skill and has made many personal friends. He is a valued member of the Mahoning County and the Ohio State Medical Societies. He is also a member of the consulting board of the city hospital, lecturing on obstetrics. For a period of 15 years, from 1891 until 1906, he was city police surgeon. In 1888 Dr. Thomas was married to Mary Davis, and they have three children, namely : Arthur, Helen and Louise. Dr. Thomas is a member of the Plymouth Congregational Church. HUGHES SWARTZ, who has been a life-long resident of Berlin township, has followed farming on his present farm of 84 acres almost since the close of the Civil War. He was born November 18, 1833, in Berlin township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of Daniel and Dorothy (Lenard) Swartz. Daniel Swartz was a native of Ohio and his life was devoted to agricultural pursuits, residing both in Ohio and Kalamazoo County, Michigan, his wife dying in the latter State. He died at Alliance, Ohio. They reared a family of five children : Hughes, William A., Charles, Jemima and Ann Elizabeth. Hughes Swartz passed his boyhood days in Berlin township. In May, 1864. he enlisted in Company G, 155th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered in at Camp Dennison, Ohio, where he was also mustered out when his term of service expired. After the war he engaged in farming, and in 1875 purchased 71 acres of- his present farm, to which he subsequently added 13 acres. He made many improvements, built a new barn and remodeled the house, and has carried on general farming ever since. Mr. Swartz was married at the age of 25 years, to Hannah L. Dustman, who was also born in Berlin township, and is a daughter of Daniel and Catherine Dustman, old settlers of Mahoning County. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Swartz : Daniel and Charles P., both of whom died unmarried. Mr. Swartz is a Republican and has served as township supervisor. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic Post at Berlin Center. JACOB F. KEEFER, one of Milton township's representative farmers, residing on a farm of 126 acres, was born in 1844, north of Youngstown, in Liberty township, on what was known as Church Hill, and is a son of Jacob and Rebecca (Nier) Keefer. Jacob Keefer was born in 1802, in Pennsylvania, and after his marriage in 1827 came to Ohio, locating first in Canfield township, Mahoning County. He then removed to Liberty township, where he resided until the death of his wife, Rebecca (Nier) Keefer, who was born in 1802 and died in 1872. He afterwards went West, where his death curred in 1889. He and his wife had 10 children, but three of whom are now living. Jacob F. Keefer grew to manhood in Lib- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 887 erty township and at the age of 22 years, he engaged in farming on a tract of 65 acres which he had purchased from his father. He subsequently sold this and in 1876 came to the township of Milton. Here he purchased his present farm of 126 acres, which is pleasantly situated on the banks of the Mahoning River, and has since been engaged in farming. He was first married in 1866, to Sarah Huffman, who died in 1872. Three children were born of this union, all of whom are deceased. In 1873 Mr. Keefer married for his second wife, Mrs. Mary (Bowman) Gamber, a native of Pennsylyania. She died in 1904 at the age of 7o years, leaving one child, Samuel Gamber, a son by her former husband. Mr. Keefer has an adopted daughter, Bertha, a cultured young lady, who was born in Milton, Ohio, in 1883. She is unmarried and keeps house for Mr. K.eefer. DUNCAN McDONALD, a well-known agriculturist, engaged in general farming, stock-raising and fruit-growing, resides on his excellent farm of over 73 acres, which is situated in section 28, Goshen township. Mr. McDonald was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, February 25, 1846, and is a son of Charles and Mary (Scarlet) McDonald. The grandfather of Mr. McDonald was born in Scotland, and settled in Virginia, where Charles McDonald was born. The latter was married in Jefferson County, Ohio, and when his son, Duncan, was four years of age, he came to Mahoning County, settling in Goshen township on a farm which is now owned by George Long. Both he and his wife died in this township. The two surviving members of their family are : Duncan and Cora, the latter of whom. married William Venable, residing in Goshen township. Duncan McDonald grew to manhood in Goshen township, obtaining a district school education. He has given his attention to agricultural pursuits all his life, putting into use the training he received from. boyhood, and reaping both pleasure and profit. Mr. McDonald was married (first) to Luesa Blackburn, of Goshen township, who, at death, left one son, Hervey H. On January 14, 1885, Mr. McDonald was married (second) to Mary Blackburn, who is a daughter of William. and Elizabeth (Stanley) Blackburn, former prominent residents of this township. They have two daughters, Bertha E. and Rachel M. Mr. McDonald is a Republican. He is a member of the Society of Friends at Damascus, Ohio. SAMUEL A. RICHARDS, manager of the Struthers Furnace, located at Struthers, and vice-president and a director of the Struthers Savings and Banking Company, was born July 9, 1844, and is a son of William and Mary Ann (Hellawell) Richards. William Richards was born in Wales, where he learned the blacksmith's trade, and at the age of 18 years, came to America as a journeyman worker, remaining for a time in Cleveland and later working in the shops at Akron, Ohio, where he also ran a shop of his own for a short time. In 1845 he removed with his wife and child to Niles, Ohio, and a year later, to Brier Hill, which is now a part of Youngstown. Here he did the blacksmith work for the Warner & Philpott blast furnace. In 1851 he purchased a farm near Girard., Ohio. and built a shop on his land, where he did blacksmithing and boilermaking. He was recognized by this time as a highly skilled workman and in 1853 he undertook the management of the Warner-Philpott furnace, at Brier Hill, which was then known as the Eagle Furnace, retaining the superintendency until 1855, when he took charge of the James Wood Furnace, also at Brier Hill, on a contract. Mr. Richards continued to operate under this lease until 186o, when the Brown-Bonnell Company took the lease and William 888 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY Richards entered into a contract with them that expired in 1864. In 1863 he entered into a co-partnership with George C. Rice and a Mr. Berger, and they bought and repaired an old furnace and mill at New Castle, starting into business there as Reis, Richards & Berger. In the meanwhile, as Mr. Richards, on account of taking on himself new business responsibilities, was not able to complete the full period of his contract with Brown and Bonnell, he showed great confidence in his son, Samuel A., by putting him in as superintendent to fill out the remaining year. After William Richards had sold out his holdings at New Castle, he took his wife, daughter and son and made a trip to Europe, spending a whole summer in seeing, the sights of the Old World, returning in the autumn to the farm at Girard. In 1866 William Richards entered into partnership with David Tod, William Ward and Joseph G. Butler, Jr., and they opened the blast furnace at Girard under the name of the Girard Iron Company, the furnace being located on the farm of Mr. Richards. He continued superintendent of the Girard furnace until 1870, when he sold out all his interests and going to Warren, Ohio, bought the Packard and Barnum Rolling Mill. He erected a blast furnace in connection with the mill, and the works were operated under the name of William Richards & Sons, the junior members of the firm being Samuel A., William Richards, Jr., and L. G. Lewis, the latter being a son-in-law. Prior to this venture, Mr. Richards had been remarkably successful in all his business enterprises, but during the panic of 1873 the firm met with serious losses as did almost every other in the same line, and it resulted in an assignment being made in 1875. This business embarrassment probably shortened the life of Mr. Richards, who died in March, 1876. His iron operating had been mainly in Eastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania, and all through this region he was well known and universally respected. For years he had been an authority and under him an army of iron workers had been trained. His memory is still preserved as of a man whose energy and enterprise did much in the direction of developing iron interests, and also of one whole personal integrity was never impeached. Samuel A. Richards was educated in the common schools of Girard, Ohio, and the Warren High School, where he was graduated and during the winter of 1865-6 he took a business course in the Bryant & Stratton Commercial College, at Cleveland. He was anxious to perfect his. business education, and in order to learn something concerning the principles and methods of banking, he entered the employ of the Wasson, Everett & Company Bank, at Cleveland, where he remained for six months in the capacity of bookkeeper. About this time the furnace which was later known as the Girard Iron Works, was being constructed by his father and other capitalists of Girard, and he left Cleveland and joined his father in order to give him his assistance. Subsequently, as mentioned above, e became a member of the firm of William Richards & Sons, at Warren, Ohio, and after the failure of this enterprise, he went to Cleveland, September 1, 1875, as superintendent of the Cleveland Iron Company furnace. remaining with that company until its failure in 1878. In July, of that year, he went to Preston County, West Virginia, where he took charge of a furnace for one year, and in July, 1879, he entered the employ of the Edgar Thompson Company, in the blast furnace department at Braddock, Pennsylvania, as chief accountant, with the understanding that he was to be promoted upon the first opportunity. In January, 1880, he accepted the superintendency of the blast furnace department of the Illinois Steel Company, at Joliet, Illinois, where he remained for five years. resigning in 1885 in order to go into a commission business at Chicago. However, he had been so long connected with furnaces and identified with iron interests, that the new line did not satisfy his ambitions and he soon closed out his commission interests. For the succeeding seven years, Mr. Richards traveled all over the United States, in the interests of the owners, both individual and corporate, of furnace AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 889 properties, visiting these and discovering existing troubles, and remaining until they were in good working order and had become paying properties. He had an office at Chicago and acted also as an ore examiner and timberland estimator, his advice being that of an expert. It was while in this line of work that he met with a serious fall in the Tennessee Mountains, in 189o, dislocating his knee and making necessary the use of a crutch for more than a year, this being the real cause of his discontinuing the business. In 1892 he went to Duluth, Minnesota, and took charge of the West Duluth furnace, but the panic of 1893 closed that property. He then returned to the district in which his father had been so large an operator, and in association with W. C. Runyan, who is now president of the Struthers Furnace, leased and operated the Sharon furnace, for eighteen months. In 1896 they purchased the Struthers furnace and Mr. Richards came then to Struthers as its manager. The officers of the Struthers Furnace Company are: W. C. Runyan, president; George L. Fairbanks, vice-president; A. Grossman, secretary and treasurer; and S. A. Richards manager. In 1869 Mr. Richards was married to Mary Shoenberger, of Warren, Ohio, and they have had four children, namely : Harry T. assistant superintendent of the Struthers Furnace and a member of the village council, who married Sarah R. Homer and has had two children—Mary, deceased, and Florence M.; Jules G., foreman of the Struthers Furnace, who married Lily Clark ; Lucy M., who died aged 13 years, and a. child that died in infancy. Mr. Richards' portrait is presented in connection with this article.   HOWARD F. BARDO, whose fine farm of 75 acres, situated in section 4, Goshen township, shows the effects of careful cultivation, is one of the leading agriculturists and enterprising citizens of this section. He was born in Goshen township, Mahoning County, January 20, i866, and is a son of David and Sarah J. (Regal) Bardo. David Bardo, father of Howard F., came to Mahoning County from Pennsylvania, when a young man, and has been a resident of Goshen township for many years. He. was born in Pennsylvania 83 years ago, and is a son of John Bardo. He is one of the yenerable members of the Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church, where his place is seldom vacant during religious services. Howard F. Bardo was reared on his father's farm in Goshen township and was educated in the local schools. He has devoted his attention almost exclusively to agricultural pursuits. He is one of the nine survivors of his parents' family, as follows :. Charles, residing at Benton, Ohio; Howard F.; Chauncy A., residing at Canfield; Susan, residing in Goshen township; Amos, residing in Berlin township; Lewis, Elizabeth and John, all residing in Goshen township; and Ettie, wife of Frank Waithman, residing at Patmos, Ohio. In 1886 Howard F. Bardo was married to Eva Strawn, who is a daughter of John S. Strawn, of Goshen township; a sketch of whom will be found in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Bardo have two children, Nora and Herbert. Mr. Bardo is a Republican in politics and takes an active interest in public matters. He has satisfactorily served as judge of elections in Goshen township. He is a member of the Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church and for 10 years has been one of the church stewards.. JAMES C. BIRMINGHAM, general contractor and extensive dealer in real estate, at Youngstown, is ranked with the leading business men of this city. He was born at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, November 11, 1873, but has been a resident of Youngstown since he was four years of age. After completing his education in the Youngstown schools, Mr. Birmingham engaged in a general advertising business in partnership with his brother. The firm does business under the style of Birmingham 890 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY Brothers, James C. being the general manager. The business is an extensive one, covering sign writing, novelty advertising, souvenir cards and general contract work in printing. The brothers pwn a large amount of city realty and the firm is recognized as a reliable concern in this line. On April 22, 1903, Mr. Birmingham was married to Anna E. Boyle, who is a daughter of John Boyle, of this city, and they have one child, James C., Jr. Mr. Birmingham and wife belong to St. Columba's Catholic Church. In 1898, early in the agitation caused by the trouble with Spain, Mr. Birmingham enlisted in Company H, Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and accompanied his regiment to the South, which was one of the first to be ordered to Porto Rico. The troops were about to embark on a transport, when the order was countermanded. Mr. Birmingham was then assigned to the hospital service and, with two assistants, established and managed the hospital of Company F, at Fernandina, Florida. After the war was over, he returned to Youngstown and resumed business. Politically he is a stanch Republican and has served as a member of the Republican executive committee of the city. At one time he was a member of the city council. In all his efforts he has proyen himself an able business man and a loyal, public-spirited citizen. CHARLES A. CLEMMENS, one of the leading citizens and substantial farmers of Jackson township, was born July 16, 1851, in Jackson township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Lipkey) Clemmens. The paternal grandfather, Daniel Clemmens, came to Mahoning County from Pennsylyania, at a very early period, and was one of the early settlers of Jackson township, locating on the farm now owned by D. R. Johnson. He was a son of Nicholas Clemmens, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He preserved a cane presented to him by Gen. George Washington. The maternal grandparents were Lipkeys and Crows. George Clemmens was born in Jackson township in 1828, and died in 1903, aged 75 years. He married Elizabeth Lipkey, who survives and is in her 75th year. They had four sons born to them, namely : Wesley, who died aged 19 years ; Charles A.; Shannon J., who is a member of the school board of Jackson township, married Bertha McMahon;- a daughter of John McMahon, of Jackson township; and Elmer E., who is a resident of Jackson township, married Dora Moody, whose parents came from Maryland. Charles A. Clemmens grew to manhood on his father's farm and attended the district schools of the township. Mr. Clemmens owns a valuable property of .85 acres, and has followed general farming all of his life and is considered one of the most successful farmers in the township. He was married in 1873 to a daughter of Benjamin and Anna (Tod) McMahon. Three daughters and one son were born to Mr. and Mrs. Clemmens : Maud, who married Albert Bagnell, of Youngstown, has two children, Helen, aged two years, and Eugene, aged three months; Gertrude, who married Rue Jones, of Jackson township, has one child, Charles; Alberta, residing at home; and Ernest, who attends the public schools. Mr. Clemmens is a Republican in politics and all of his ancestors were of the same political faith. Since 1902 he has served continuously as township trustee. He is a member of Lodge No. 343, Knights of Pythias, at North Jackson. GIBSON J. GAULT, a prominent citizen and successful agriculturist and stock-raiser of Jackson township, was born December 6, 1852, in Jackson township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of Robert and Marjorie (Ewing) Gault. The father of Mr. Gault was born in Jackson township, in 1814, and died in January,C AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 891 1892. He was a son of Robert Gault, who was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, and came to the Western Reserve in 1800. Robert, second, married Marjorie Ewing-, who was born in June, 1816, and who still survives at the age of 91 years. Extended mention of both the Gault and Ewing families may be found in the sketch of John Gault, published elsewhere in this volume. Gibson J. Gault attended the public schools of Jackson township, Youngstown and Canfield until about 19 years of age, when he settled down to farming on the )old place which has been the home of his venerable mother for 72 years. He owns a valuable farm of 140 acres and devotes his main attention to the raising of horses, sheep, cattle and hogs, making a specialty of the latter. For eight years, from 1883 until 1891, he was engaged in sheep-raising in Coffee County, Kansas, but then returned to the homestead and resides in the comfortable old residence which has weathered the storms of 6o years. Mr. Gault was married September 17, 1879, to Harriet Duncan, who is a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Osborne) Duncan, who formerly resided in Berlin township, Mahoning County. Joseph Duncan was born in Pennsylvania and died in Ohio, in 1873, aged 52 years. In about 1840 he was married to Mary ,Osborne, of Trumbull County, who died in 1899, aged 73 years. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Gault, James Duncan, died in Pennsylvania. The maternal grandparents were John and Isabella Osborne. Mr. and Mrs. Gault have two children, viz : Paul M., who is in the signal department of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and is a graduated electrical engineer of the Ohio State University ; and Mary Marjorie. who is a member of the graduation class of 1908, at the Rayen School, at Youngstown. Politically, Mr. Gault is affiliated with the Republican party and is a valued member of the school board of Jackson township. His attitude toward higher education is shown in the unlimited advantages he is offering his children. He belongs to Lodge No. 343, Knights of Pythias, at North Jackson. Both he and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. The venerable mother of Mr. Gault is the oldest resident of Jackson township. Her 91 years have bridged a vast epoch in the Nation's history. She continues her little self-appointed daily tasks and enjoys meeting old friends to whom she can talk of the days of long ago. MARTIN C. HIGGINS, president of the city council of Youngstown, Ohio. and one of the most prominent labor leaders of the Mahoning Valley, was born in 1875, at Allegheny, Pennsylvania, and is a son of Martin J. Higgins. Martin J. Higgins was one of the pioneer iron men of the country and was known in various sections. In association with A. J. Moxam, he opened up and subsequently developed the great iron industry at Birmingham, Alabama. At one time he was superintendent of the manufacturing plant of the Coleman-Shields Company, at Niles, Ohio. He was well known in labor circles and was the personal friend of many advanced thinkers. on social questions, notably Hon. Tom John-. son, of Cleveland. After completing his education, M. C. Higgins entered the employ of the Coleman-Shields Company, at Niles, Ohio, as a shipping clerk and went from there to Johnstown, Pennsylvania, where he was connected for one year with large motor works, and then came to Youngstown. Here he became interested in theatrical matters and has been an organizer of a number of successful companies now on. the road. For th.e past two years he has been manager of the Eagle club. Mr. Higgins is prominently identified with the labor organizations of the Mahoning Valley. He is president of the Central Labor Union and has been a delegate from. the Stage. Hands' Local Union. For a number of years. he was secretary of the United Labor Congress. As the Labor candidate, he was elected president of the city council, of Youngstown, 892 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY in November, 1905, and his administration of the office has made so favorable an impression on all parties that he is being urged to consent to a nomination for mayor. Mr. Higgins is a member of the fraternal order of Eagles and belongs also to the Knights of Columbus, the Knights of St. John and the Ancient Order of Hibernians. He is also a member of the International Order of Stage Employes and of the United Labor Congress. Mr. Higgins is a member of the Catholic Church. He married, April 22, 1907, Miss Margret C. Morton, a native of Youngstown and daughter of George Morton. TILMAN HALL, a substantial citizen and well-known agriculturist of Goshen township, residing on his valuable farm of 126 acres, situated in section 19, has been located here since 1866. He was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, May 18, 1831, and is a son of William and Hannah (Wharton) Hall. The Halls settled in Jefferson County at a very early date. The father and grandfather were born there, but the mother of Mr. Hall was born in Pennsylvania. Tilman Hall was reared in his native county and attended school there and subsequently at Mount Pleasant, Ohio, where the Society of Friends conducted a boarding school at that time. His main business in life has been farming, but in his earlier years he taught school for a time in Jefferson and Harrison counties. For some years after marriage, Mr. Hall resided on a farm near Mount Pleasant, but in 1866 he moved to Mahoning County and established his home in Goshen township. Mr. Hall placed his land under a good state of cultivation and it proved fertile and productive, and after the discovery of a fine vein of bituminous coal running through it, its commercial value was greatly enhanced. This vein has been successfully worked and for a number of years has been producing coal. On March 29„ 1855, Mr. Hall was married to Mary Eliza Kinsey, who was born January 22, 1837, at Brownsville, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and is a daughter of Charles and Sarah (Binns) Kinsey, the former of whom was born in Ohio and the latter in England. She was an infant when her parents settled in Harrison County, where she was reared and married. Mr. and Mrs. Hall have had six children, namely : Alice A., deceased; Ezra, deceased; Charles H., residing at Washington, D. C., an employe in the U. S. Treasury Department ; Emmor W., residing at Portland, Oregon, where he is connected with the postoffice department ; Ira K., residing at Cleveland, where he is foreman of the Wire and Steel Company; and George B., a resident of Alliance, Ohio, connected with the Alliance Banking Company. At the time of the celebration of their golden wedding anniversary, on March 29, 1905, in Goshen township, Mr. and Mrs. Hall had the pleasure of gathering their children once more beneath the home roof, beautiful, peaceful Sunnyside Farm. Mr. Hall has been one of the elders in the Friends' Church for over a quarter of a century and he has served in the various church offices, as clerk and as Sunday-school superintendent. Mrs. Hall is a very interested member of the Foreign Missionary Society connected with the East Goshen Friends' Church, the whole family having been prominent in the affairs of this religious body for many years. Politically, a Prohibitionist, Mr. Hall has served his township in office at various times, having been both treasurer and trustee. THADDEUS F. WOODMAN, one of Youngstown's prominent business men, who resides at 20 Scott street, was born in New York State, and came to Ohio with his parents when but one year old. He came to Youngstown in 1869 and engaged in the mercantile business in which he continued until 1888, when he went to Chicago and became secretary and treasurer of the Lakeside Nail Company, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 893 which was located at Hammond, Indiana. He afterwards became president of this concern and in 1903 sold out and returned to Youngstown. Ohio. He is director of the Mahoning National Bank, and is also director of the Ohio Iron and Steel Company. Mr. Woodman also has other business interests, being a stockholder in various other enterprises. He is a member of the Youngstown Chamber of Commerce. also the Youngstown Club and the Mahoning Golf Club. JOHN McKINNEY, a leading citizen of Ellsworth township, residing on a farm of 145 acres, was born April 10, 1832, in County Donegal, Londonderry, Ireland, and is a son of John and Rebecca (Thompson) McKinney. The paternal grandfather was Samuel McKinney, who died in Ireland, but three of his sons came to America, Samuel and William, settling at Braddock, Pennsylvania. The third, who located in Texas, was one of the 72 who fell in the battle of the Alamo. He had previously served as a soldier in the British Army in the East Indies. John McKinney, father of John, was born in Ireland on a farm on which he was reared and on whieh both he and his wife died. They were the parents of five sons: Robert, Andrew, James, John and Samuel. Robert went to New Zealand, where he died. He was a Presbyterian minister and pastor of one church for 48 years. His daughter visited the Ohio relatives, in 1906, remaining- six months. Andrew resides at Clarksville. Mercer County, Pennsylvania. Jame.; died in Ireland, in 1907. Samuel practiced medicine at Mineral Ridge, Mahoning County, for a number of years prior to his death. John McKinney, subject of this notice, came to this country in 1856 and located first in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he remained for three years. coming to Mahoning County in 1859. and settling in Ellsworth township. In this year, Mr. McKinney embarked in the mercantile business at Ellsworth and continued in same until 1874, when he invested in 145 acres of land about one-quarter mile south of Ellsworth, but he has resided in the village of Ellsworth for the past 48 years, mainly engaged in agricultural pursuits, and was one of the most successful farmers of the township. For a number of years he has been retired from active business. Mr. McKinney has seen a great many changes take place since locating here, and he has always shown a deep interest in the progress and material development of this section. In 1862, Mr. McKinney returned to Pittsburg, and married Martha Hare, who was a daughter of James Hare, who died in Ireland. Mrs. McKinney died February 7, 1907, at the age of 72 years. They had one child who died in infancy. Mr.. McKinney is a Republican in politics, and was serving as postmaster under President Lincoln at the time of his assassination. For many years he has been a member of the Presbyterian Church at Ellsworth. GEORGE B. KINSEY, who, for the past 30 years has resided on his present farm of 82 acres, which is situated in section 20, Goshen township, is one of the leading men of this locality, in all that pertains to good citizenship. He was born in Harrison County, Ohio, August 6, 1845, and is a son of Charles and Sarah (Binns) Kinsey. The father of Mr. Kinsey was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, and was a son of Aaron Kinsey, who was of English extraction. The mother was born in England and was six years of age when she accompanied her parents to America. They resided for a time in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and then came to Ohio and settled in Harrison County. George B. Kinsey was reared in Harrison County, Ohio, and for a short time attended a most excellent private school conducted by the Society of Friends, to which religious body his parents belonged. Prior to coming to Mahoning County, he taught shool for a short time. On May I, 1879, Mr. Kinsey was 894 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY married to Anna E. Pettit, who is a daughter of Daniel R. and Rebecca W. Pettit, former residents of Goshen township, both now deceased. In politics, being identified with the Republican party, he was elected clerk of Goshen township, for several years, on that ticket. Like the other members of his family, Mr. Kinsey is a member of the Society of Friends. Possessing the sterling qualities of mind and character that he does, it is not remarkable that he enjoys, in large degree, the confidence and esteem of those with whom he has been associated so long. ALBERT R. SHINN, proprietor of Maple Grove Stock Farm, consisting of 225 acres of land located in both Mahoning and Columbiana Counties, has resided at No. 108 East Sixth street, Salem, since the fall of 1902. He was born in Perry township, Columbiana County, Ohio, May 3, 1841, and is a son of Abraham and Susanna (Phillips) Shinn. The Shinn family was founded in Columbiana County by William B. Shinn, the grandfather of Albert R., who came to Ohio in 1811, from New Jersey, when Abraham was a small boy. William Shinn settled on the spot which is now the site of the Metzger House, it then being in the dense woods which covered all this land. At that time Salem had but a few indifferent buildings. Mr. Shinn can trace a fine military ancestry. Abraham Jones, a great-grandfather, was a Revolutionary soldier, and Robert P. Phillips, the maternal grandfather, was a soldier in the War of 1812 and was a son of Robert Phillips. who was also a soldier in the great war for independence. Abraham Shinn was born in New Jersey. For a number of years during his active life. he operated a grist and sawmill in Perry township, a short distance from Salem, and later engaged in farming. He was a very familiar figure in this section and was a man whose advice was often consulted concerning public affairs. He married Susanna Phillips, who was born in Pennsylvania. Albert R. Shinn was reared in Perry township and attended the district schools. He spent some time at Moore's Academy, at Salem, and later a year at Hiram College, during the period when the late James A. Garfield, President of the United States, was at the head of the educational institution, having been educated there himself. During the time of the Civil War, Mr. Shinn was heavily engaged in the stock industry, buying cattle for the United States Government and was a partner with Webb & Phillips, a firm then having headquarters at Chicago. From 1858 until 1865, Mr. Shinn continued this partnership, since then being engaged in farming and stockraising on his own account. On the Maple Grove Stock Farm may be found a fine herd of Shorthorn and Holstein cattle, many of them being registered. They are animals worth going far to see and whose money value is to be figured in thousands of dollars. In his efforts to introduce stock of this kind, Mr. Shinn is to be set down as a public benefactor. The business is conducted under the firm name of A. R. Shinn C. Son. Harry A. Shinn being the partner and the manager of the farm. On September 13, 1866, Mr. Shinn was married to Eliza Schilling, who was born in Stark County, Ohio, and is a daughter of Jacob and Sarah A. (Lewis) Schilling. the latter of whom was born in Delaware, and the former in Wurtemberg, Germany. For a number of years Mr. and Mrs. Schilling lived in Stark County. Jacob Schilling being proprietor of a general store at Limaville, but both died at Salem. Mr. and Mrs. Shinn have the following children : Donna A., wife of T. ;J. Thomas, residing at Greenville. Pennsylvania Mary E.. who married John W. Lease, residing at Salem; Lucy H., who married Frank J. Yengling, residing at Salem Arta E. residing at home : Harry A., residing on the farm. Prior to moving to his present residence. Mr. Shinn lived for a number of years on the AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 897 Maple Grove Stock Farm, and while located in Perry township he was a member of the school board. Politically he is a Republican. Mrs. Shinn is a member of the Disciples Church at Salem.W. W. T. FITZ SIMONS general manager of the Finished Steel Company, at Youngstown, Ohio, occupies a very important position with one of the great corporations of the times. The Finished Steel Company, of this city, was organized on May 15, 1895, and on June 1, following, the plant was sold to the Fitz Simons people, of Cleveland. The officers are: T. G. Fitz Simons, president ; R. F. Fitz Simons, of Chicago, vice-president ; James R. Fitz Simons, treasurer; and W. J. Fitz Simons, general manager. T. G. and J. R. Fitz Simons are in charge of the plant at Cleveland, and R. F. Fitz Simons is the Western agent and is located at Chicago. The company manufactures all special shapes of drawn steel products, the four staples being round, flat, hexagon and square. They have 5o employes at the Youngstown plant. W. J. Fitz Simons was married in 1899, to Helen G. Conley, of Cleveland, and they have three children, Helen, Susan and W. J., Jr. Mr. Fitz Simons is connected with various business organizations and he belongs to the fraternal order of Elks. PROSSER S. CAMPBELL, president of the Campbell Bros. Company, at Youngstown, dealers in coal, stone, feed and builders' supplies, and owners of a valuable stone quarry, is one of the city's representative and successful business men. He was born at Hubbard, Trumbull County, Ohio, in 1869. Mr. Campbell was reared from infancy, in Mahoning County, and was educated at Hazelton and Youngstown. For some three - 46 - years after completing his education, he was connected with the Hazelton postoffice and then was employed in the shipping department of the Andrews Brothers rolling mills. He remained at the mills about eight years, going then to the Youngstown Engineering Company for 18 months before engaging, in May, 1902, in his present enterprise. The Campbell Bros. Company was incorporated in May, 1905, with a capital stock of $1o,000, with P. S. Campbell as president, and B. R. Campbell, a brother, as secretary and treasurer, the title of the firm having formerly been Campbell Brothers. The business is one of large scope. Employment is given 20 men and also teams are kept busy. Mr. Campbell is also interested in the Pennsylvania Fuel Company. In 1899, Mr. Campbell was married to Lida Davis, of Youngstown. They have two children, Mary Louise and Elizabeth. With his family, Mr. Campbell belongs to the Presbyterian Church. LOUIS HELLER, president of the Heller Brothers Company, president of The Hiwannee Lumber Company, director of The Home Savings & Loan Company, of Youngstown, Ohio, is one of the leading business men and public spirited citizens of this community. Mr. Heller was born in Switzerland in the year 1855, and was reared in the planing mill and lumber business, his father being an extensive contractor and mill operator. In 1880 the name of Heller first became prominent in the business circles of Youngstown, two brothers, Louis and Adolph Heller, establishing a general contracting business here. In 1888 they bought out the planing mill and lumber yard of Ellis & Cunningham, at the foot of Market street. Their business increasing every year, they acquired the plant formerly known as the Mower & Reaper Works. and in 1902 selling the same to The Wm. Tod Company, they bought the place known as the Eagle Furnace Company's prop- 898 - HISTORY OF MAHONING COUNTY city at the end of the West Rayen avenue and Furnace street, on which they built their present large planing mill, equipping same with all modern appliances, establishing an up-to-date lumber yard, and placing themselves in a position to do the largest contracting business in the Mahoning Valley. The Heller Brothers Company was incorporated in 1891, with a capital stock of $40,000.00, which has been increased to $200,000.00. The officers of the company are : Louis Heller, president; Adolph Heller, vice-president; and Joseph T. Murphy, secretary and treasurer. Louis Heller was married in Switzerland to Ida Graack, and they have four children, namely; Louis, Jr., with the Heller Brothers Company ; Rosina, Walter and Ernest, still in school. Mr. Heller and family belong to the First Reform Church. A portrait of Mr. Heller may be seen on an adjoining page of this volume. DAVID STEINER, who has been a resident of Youngstown for the past 21 years, is one of the most successful and prominent members of the Mahoning County Bar. He was born in 1875. Mr. Steiner is a self-made man in the truest sense of the word. Having the misfortune to lose an arm when a boy, he started in life as a newsboy in Youngstown, and later in New York City. His parents moved to Youngstown when he was a lad of ten years. He was educated in the public schools and graduated from the High School in 1896. He at once entered the New York Law school from which he graduated in 1898. Returning to Youngstown he studied for two years in the office of M. A. Norris & Wirt and was admitted to the bar at Columbus in December, 1900. He immediately located in Youngstown and with the exception of a few months when he was associated with Mr. Esterly; has practiced alone. His reputation is that of a lawyer of ability and a counsellor whose advice may be safely followed. Mr. Steiner has long taken an active interest in politics. He is a member of the Modern Maccabees the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and of the Pathfinders. He is also a member of the Youngstown Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Steiner's parents, who are still living, are residents of Youngstown, where his father is engaged in the tailoring business. WILLIAM MARLOW. deceased, was one of the best known and highly esteemed citizens of Goshen township and was an honored survivor of the great Civil War. He was born in England, June 3. 1831. and died at his home in Massillon. Ohio. August 17, 1906, being in his 75th year at this time. Thomas Marlow, father of William, emigrated with his family from England to the United States, in 1841, his father, William Marlow, having emigrated still earlier and settled in what is now Goshen township, Mahoning County. His log cabin was one of the first to be built in the dense forest that then covered all this present smiling agricultural expanse. For a time, Thomas Marlow and family lived alone in Goshen township, and then moved to an equally unsettled portion of Ashtabula County, and there the late William Marlow was mainly reared and lived until he entered the Federal army. His father had purchased a great deal of land and he assisted in its clearing. The whole family endured many pioneer hardships and were deprived of all the luxuries and many of the necessities which make modern life comfortable. On October 6, 1862, Mr. Marlow enlisted for service in the Civil War, becoming a member of Company E, Sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, a part of the Army of the Potomac, and remained in the service until he was honorably discharged, June 27. 1865. at Petersburg, Virginia. During this long period in the army, Mr. Marlow participated in a number of the greatest battles of the war, fighting at Fredericksburg, Stoneman's Raid. Gettysburg, Mine Run, Cold Harbor, Malvern Hill. and numerous other engagements of minor importance. and was at Appomattox. at AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 899 the time of General Lee's surrender: At all times he was a brave and cheerful soldier, doing his full duty. He was a valued member of the Trescott Post, Grand Army of the Republic, at Salem, Ohio. At the close of his military service, Mr. Marlow returned to Ohio, and later went to Michigan, where he resided for several years, after which he returned once more to Mahoning County and settled in Goshen township, where he resided for a number of years. His death removed one of Goshen township's valued citizens. Mr. Marlow was married twice and the two surviving children of his first marriage are : John, residing in California, and Dora, residing near Cleveland. He was married ( second) to Mary A. Hinchman, who was born in Goshen township, April 14. 1833, and is a daughter of Henry and Tamson (Spencer) Hinchman. Her father was born in New Jersey and came to Mahoning County with his father, Henry Hinchman, among the very early settlers. Mrs. Marlow still survives and is a lady well known and most highly esteemed. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. HENRY O. BONNELL. Closely identified with all of the prominent business interests of Youngstown, and of the whole Mahoning Valley, the late Henry O. Bonnell attained his eminent position in the business world through force of merit, rising step by step from the lowest position in his father's mill, to the control of thousands of employes and immense industries which influence the markets of the world. He was born January 11, 1839, at New Lay, Yorkshire, England, and was a son of William and Sarah A. (Scott) Bonnell. Biographical mention of his father, and also of his brother, W. Scott Bonnell, may be found elsewhere in this volume. Before Henry 0. Bonnell was old enough to choose his own career, his parents had emi- grated to America and the father had established himself in a mill business at Youngstown. Henry was the eldest child and his educational opportunities were meager, being practically confined to a little desultory instruction in the neighborhood schools and one term at Youngstown. When he entered his father's mill, there were other lads of the same age admitted, but few of these displayed Henry's ability or fidelity and very few were as rapidly promoted for merit. Upon the death of his father he was in a position to take a prominent place in the recognized firm of Brown, Bonnell & Company, becoming its vice-president. This position he retained until 1879, when the company disposed of its interests but only to reorganize under different conditions. Later in the same year, Mr: H. 0. Bonnell, in association with a number of Mahoning County capitalists, purchased what was known as the Valley mill plant, situated on Crab Creek. The new firm, of which Mr. Bonnell was a senior member, operated this plant under the firm name of the Mahoning Valley Iron Company until 1886, when the company was incorporated, Mr. Bonnell becoming president and general manager. This responsible position he continued to fill until his death, which took place on January 16, 1893. Although Mr. Bonnell's name was probably most prominently connected with the above named great corporation, he was equally efficient in many other great enterprises. He was president of the Hubbard Rolling Mill Company, president of the Mahoning and Shenango Valley Manufacturing Association, chairman of the Youngstown Coke Company, a director in the Ohio Steel Company, a director in the Lakeside Nail Company, of Hammond, Indiana, and a director in the First National Bank at Youngstown. Wherever placed, Mr. Bonnell proved himself a forcible, keen, judicious business man, abreast of the times in all things and an authority in all matters with which he had to deal. His devotion to work was phenomenal, and probably to this, in a measure, must be attributed the cause of his death. In October, 1870, Mr. Bonnell was mar-