250 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. cious-looking panther gazing at him from a limb of a broken sugar tree, not more than twenty yards from his cabin door, evidently intending an attack upon the children. He hastened to the house and secured his rifle, came out, and, taking fair aim, pulled the trigger of his gun, bringing the animal to the ground. The report of the gun so frightened the people in the church that it instantly brought the congregation to their feet, and, without the benediction, dismissed themselves, making a stampede for the door and rushed to the spot where Mr, Thompson stood with rifle in band. Many thought Indians were scouting about, but, upon learning the cause, they soon became tranquil. THE LAST WOLF SEEN IN THE TOWNSHIP. Major Thompson says that the last wolf seen and killed in Richland township was shot on his farm, south of St. Clairsville, by Michael Miller in 1824. It had been noticed by different individuals wandering about Wegee and McMahon's creeks. From the latter it strayed upon the above farm and was there killed. It was a fine, large animal. Miller, after shooting it, concluded to make an examination and ascertain, if possible, what it had been subsisting on. All that was observed in its stomach was a green sprig of underbrush. Some thought it had been chased by hunters and too badly frightened to venture an attack on stock, although evidently very hungry. Miller received eight dollars for shooting it—four from the county and four from the state. THE LAST WILD BEAR CHASE IN RICHLAND TOWNSHIP. In the fall of 1832, some little excitement, attended with a greater degree of fun, was occasioned amongst the citizens of St. Clairsville by the appearance of a large, slick bear, foaming at the mouth, as it made swift tracks through the streets of the village, followed by men, women, children and dogs. Bruin was first discovered by Isaac Ruby on the farm now in the possession of Dunham Berry. The supposition was that it bad strayed off from the western hills. Mr. R. pursued it on horseback. Following the road leading into the town it passed up Main street, causing quite a commotion among the people, who also started after it. A funeral procession was passing along the street, near where Judge Kennon now resides, which sort of headed the bear off. Here it turned suddenly to the left running into an alley and up the same, over the fence into the Episcopal graveyard, through John Thompson's land near Wilkin's barn to the woods, where the people gave up the chase. On Mr. Thompson's farm a man named Andrew Orr hissed his dog on the bear, but the dog having a better taste for veal than bear, made for a calf that had been grazing in the field, The chase was somewhat impeded in this instance in trying to get the dog from the calf that bruin got such a good start of them it had no difficulty in making its escape. Mr, Orr's dog was never afterward looked upon as being worth much for bears, even by his owner. Mr. S. Davis, our informant, and who at this time was but eighteen years of age, says that it was rather a comical sight to see Mr. Isaac Ruby following that bear on a gray horse yelling at the top of his voice at every leap his steed made : " Bear ! Bear !" at the same time flourishing his hat above his head with his left hand. It is claimed there were about a hundred and twenty persons in the chase. THE OLD BAPTIST CHURCH. The earliest church organization effected in now Richland township was by the .Baptists. Along in 1798 this congregation, few in number, erected a small log church on the ancient looking graveyard a mile and a quarter west of St. Clairsville. There are now no signs of a building visible. The fact of its ever existing is like a dream in the memory of the oldest living inhabitants. Its worshippers, like the church structure, have long since yielded to time's corrosive power. FIRST BURIAL GROUND. The first burial ground used by the pioneer settlers, in Richland township, is the half acre enclosed with a stone fence, situated about a mile and a quarter west of St. Clairsville, near the national road and on the farm now owned by Joseph Bentley. The first person interred there, which the tombstones point out, was as early as the year 1797. It is the resting place of Mrs. Grizzy, wife of Wm. Boggs. Many indentations occur in the lot, but if the graves were ever marked, the slabs have fallen down and lost sight of. Other old looking slabs are found here and there irregularly arranged ; but time with its decaying power has so completely defaced them that their inscriptions are now nearly indecipherable. The oldest person buried here is Mrs. Jane, wife of Win. Woods. She died at the advanced age of 102 years. THE SECOND CABIN CHURCH. Very early, near the close of the last century, a log cabin church was erected a short distance from the mouth of Vance's run, now called Jug run, on the farm in the possession of Major Thompson, who says the Seceders or Unionists first held services there. This church only lived a short time. The Presbyterian denomination used it awhile. About 1800, the Presbyterian Church, which was also a leg structure, was built on the grounds known as the Union Cemetery, quarter of a mile north of St. Clairsville. It was occupied until 1808, when a. larger and more comfortable log building was erected on the same spot. A short time prior to the erection of the one just mentioned, the congregation was looking up another site. Few, however, were willing to have the building kept on the same place, whilst a few wanted to change the locality in town. Judge Josiah Dillon offered them a site in St. Clairsville.; but after some little parleying, refused to accept the liberality extended by the judge. The serious objections raised by the good, honest worshippers were, that if the church stood in town, their children might form a habit of loitering about the place on the Lord's day, and thus be contaminated with evil communications. They worshipped here until 1822, when the congregation erected in the town of St. Clairsville, a large brick building, which was destroyed by fire in 1841. In 1843 the present church building was erected. Rev. Joseph Anderson, the first pastor of the Presbyterian Church, was installed in I800, and occupied the pulpit for thirty years. He was the first Presbyterian minister ordained west of the Ohio river. He died at Monticello, Missouri, in 1847. TAXABLES IN 1807. On June 8, 1807, Robert Griffin listed the taxable property of Richland township, and from his book it is ascertained that there were, at that time, six hundred and six taxables in the township. He was seventeen days listing the property. ELECTIONS. The first election held in the township was in the spring of 1802, at the house of Wm. Cougleton, in St. Clairsville. Its first officers cannot now be ascertained, owing to the fact that the early records have been lost. The oldest book now extant dates June 6, 1809. From that record the historian learns that Joshua. Hatcher, John Carter and Isaac Cowgill were acting as trustees of Richland township, Josiah Hedges' name appears as clerk. The business before them was the callingof an election. Said election was directed by them to take place on the second Tuesday. in August, 1809, for the purpose of electing four justices of the peace. On December 16, 1809, Joshua Hatcher and John Carter met at the house of the latter named, and appointed Robert Dent to act as constable until the election in April. Dent took the oath of office under Zebulor Warner, a justice of the peace. Robert Griffith took the oath of office as a justice of the peace, having been elected to that position at the August election. Zebulon Warner received his commission as justice and was also sworn into office. Likewise James Cloyd, Sterling Johnston and William Sinclair, who were elected in August, were commissioned. On December 21, 1.809, John Brown was appointed constable. The trustees met on January 6, 1810, and appointed. Henry Hardy a constable for said township. THE SUPERVISORS FOR THE YEAR 1809. James Starr, Samuel Spriggs, Robert Thompson, Reese Boggs, Alexander Young, Obediah Hardesty, Andrew Dickey, Joseph Morrison and Thomas Smith. OVERSEERS OF THE POOR FOR 1809. Thomas Smith and Moses Morehead.. Expenditures for year 1809, as appear on the records, $78.00. HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 251 VOTE FOR 1810. The following shows the vote for 1810 for the township officers of Richland, names of candidates and the office. Election - Second Monday of April :

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. No. of Votes
Joshua Hatcher William Bell William Brown	96 126 79
CONSTABLES
Henry Hardy Samuel Kinkead John Brown	154 109 104
SUPERVISORS.
George Barchus Caleb Dillie Joseph Roberts Richard Hardesty Adam Johnston Reese Boggs Robert Laughlin George Keller James Cloyd Joseph Vanlaw	10 8 7 7 5 5 3 2 2 1
OVERSEERS OF THE POOR.
Moses Morehead Thomas Smith	18 12
FENCE VIEWERS.
Notley Hays Sterling Johnston	17 12
TOWNSHIP TREASURER.
James Caldwell	51
TOWNSHIP CLERK.
Mahlon Smith	25

Judges—Joshua Hatcher, Isaac Cowgill, Nathaniel White. Clerks—Edward Wilson and John Martin. A stovepipe hat was used for a ballot box. SCHOOLS. Richland township contains at present eighteen substantial brick school buildings (not including St. Clairsville.) These schools are kept. open on an average of eight months in the year. Twenty teachers are employed at an annual cost of$5,000. Sixteen of these school houses have been erected within the last ten years. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS (1879). Justices of the Peace—J. C. Pratt, H. M. Davies, J. S. Smith, W. J. Stitt. Trustees—J. J. Taggart, Marshall Thompson, John Griffin. Clerk—R. R. Barrett. Treasurer—A. P. Blair. Assessor—W. H. McBride. FIRST GRAFTED ORCHARD. Sometime in 1810 or 1811, Judge Ruggles sent to Marietta, Ohio, for about five hundred fruit trees. These trees were purchased from General Putnam's nursery, the only one of the kind at that time in the State. The trees were brought up the Ohio river in a canoe, and was the first grafted fruit planted in Belmont county. RAILROADS. The Baltimore & Ohio railroad passes through sections 19, 35, 29, 23 and 24 of this township. The Narrow Gauge leaves St. Clairsville and intersects the road at Quincy. GLENCOE. This village is situated in the southeastern portion of Richland township. It was laid out by John B. G. Fulton, February 26, 1855. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad passes through this place. It contains a population of about one hundred, and has one dry goods store, one grocery, two shoeshops, two blacksmith shops, one flouring mill and one church. LOYDSVILLE Was laid out in 1831, by Joshua Loyd. It is situated in the extreme. western part of the township, on the national road and contains a population of about seventy-five. Has one dry goods store, one wagon shop, two blacksmith shops, one grist mill, two cabinet shops, one shoe shop, one doctor, postoffice and one (M. E,) church. In 1858 Vail & Pittman opened out a store. These gentlemen were the first merchants to do business in the village. Isaac Gleave started a hotel stand the same year in a brick house which still remains standing. M. E. CHURCH The M. E. Society of Loydsvil le was organized in 1835. Meetings were held in the school house until 1837, when the congregation built a small frame. In 1866 the present brick edifice was erected, which is 50x36. Membership, sixty. This church belongs to the Morristown circuit and Barnesville district. Rev. J. M. Carr is presiding elder. Rev. W. D. Starkey is the minister. EAST RICHLAND Is situated on the National road, about five miles west of St. Clairsville. It has a population of about sixty and contains a steam grist mill, two hotels, one grocery, one blacksmith shop, one dry goods store, one shoeshop, postoffice, and about seventeen dwelling houses. STEWARTSVILLE Was laid out by John Stewart in 1868, and most of the town has been built by him. It contains about twenty houses and nearly one hundred inhabitants. The postoffice was established here in 1874, John Stewart appointed postmaster. The village contains one store, one school, one blacksmith shop and the Franklin Coal Works, which were started under the firm name of Stewart, Ball & Meehan, May 31, 1866. In opening the bank only six men could be employed for three months. This firm continued until 1873, and employed on an average about 35 men. The 'estimated products were 12,000 tons per mon tb. In January of the year mentioned Ball withdrew, and .the company assumed its present name, Stewart & Mechan. For two years following this change business was carried On more extensively than before. They gave employment to 45 men and produced many thousands of tons. But since that time business has somewhat decreased. Now only 25 men are employed. The. coal is the lower stratum, and is five feet ten inches in thickness. Most of the products of this bank are consumed by the B. &. O. R. R. The coal was formerly shipped to Chicago, Milwaukee, Detroit, Toledo, Sandusky, and as far west as Fort Madison, Iowa. It was used extensively for blacksmithing in the west, owing to its superior qualities. MELLOR BROS.' FLORAL WORKS AND NURSERY. This business was first begun by James Mellor, a native of England, about one mile from St. Clairsville, in 1846. He rented ground upon which to carry on. But his business steadily increased, so that he soon became enabled to purchase property. In 1853 he bought the present location, which is situated one mile east of St. Clairsville, on the National pike. Here he erected a green-house 55 feet in length and 20 in width, and did a good business. He was the first florist in eastern Ohio, and if not the first, one amongst the primitive florists in the State. He was widely known as "'Mellor, the English gardner." He sold the first tomatoes in the Wheeling market. Ex-Governor Shannon bought the first lot of shrubbery sold from this nursery. Mr. Mellor purchased his trees at Pittsburgh. He died in August, 1858, after which time he was succeeded by his two sons, when the firm received its present title : J. & J.T. Mellor. At present they have two green-houses, each 55 feet in length and 16 feet in width. Eleven acres are occupied by nursery and floral works, three acres of which are in evergreens.. 252 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. ANDREW J. FULTON, son of John Fulton, was born in Mead township, Belmont county, November 8, 1837—received a common school education, and was reared on the farm till the age of 17 years, when he learned the blacksmith trade with William Litton of Monroe county. In 1861, he enlisted as a private in the Union army, company A. 25th regiment, O. V. I., and served till the end of the war. He was in the battle of Cross Keys, Virginia, Slaughter Mountain, Virginia, Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Wilderness, Gettysburg, Fort Sumpter, and many others of less importance. He was in 36 battles in all, never received a wound, was never a prisoner, and never under guard for misconduct. On October 17, 1867, he was married to Miss Mattie Powell, of Belmont county. He came to Glencoe in the year 1870, where he has ever since resided, working at his trade. HENRY BEEM, is the second son of Benjamin Beem, who was of German descent, migrated from Pennsylvania to Belmont county, in an early day, and served in the war of 1812. Our subject was born in Richland township, February 10, 1818. He was reared on the farm, and on July 25. 1853, was married to Miss Mary J. Powell. He has one son living, John W. Beem, who was born July 23, 1854. Mr. Beem resides one and one-fourth miles southeast of St. Clairsville. JAMES MELLOR, SR., was born in Lancashire, England, in 1796, and was educated as a florist, which business he followed all his life. In the fall of 1826, he migrated to America, .stopping at Philadelphia one month, for the purpose of visiting the botancial gardens, preparatory to engaging in the floral business. He came to Ohio the same year, locating in Belmont county. In 1839, he removed to Virginia, where he remained five years, at the expiration of which he returned to Ohio. In 1825 he married Miss Hannah Kershaw. Their union resulted in seven children, of whom are living, John R,. Elizabeth A., James, Joseph T. and Mary M. In the fall of 1858, our subject died, his widow still survives him, in her 78th year. JAMES MELLOR, a son of James and Hanna Mellor, was born in Richland township, June 27, 1836. Received a common school education, and was reared a nursery-man and florist, remaining with his father till his death, when he and a brother took charge of the business, and continued it until the opening of the rebellion. Ile then stepped to the front and was the first to enlist in company A. 25th O. V. I., Colonel Charlesworth's company, which was the first to offer itself in the three years service from the state of Ohio. Our subject served till August 18, 1864, when he returned to his former business. On December 23, 1875, he was married to Miss Mary McKelvey. His brother John served six months in the liar, took sick and was discharged. JAMES FINNEY was born in Ireland, August 18, 1827, and when about nine months old his parents emigrated to America and located in Morristown, Belmont county, Ohio, where they remained but a short time and then came to their present location, three and one-half miles east of St. Clairsville. They settled on 240 acres, on which there were no improvements but an old log house and a very small piece of land cleared. There were seven children, four sons and three daughters, four of w horn are living. In September, 1851, our subject was married to Miss Martha Hinkle. On December 23, 1874, he was left to mourn the loss of his wife. In 1843, his father died, aged seventy-nine years. His mother still lives and is in her 90th year. CHARLES H. ARRICK was born in Richland township, May 9, 1825. His father was a native of West Virginia, came to Belmont county about 1810-12, locating in Richland township, and in August, 1822, he was united in marriage to Miss Ann Dixon, an adopted daughter of Charles Hammond. In 1826 he located on the northwest quarter of section 21, where he passed the remainder of his days. In the year 1845, while out in the field at his work he suddenly expired, aged forty-five years. His wife died in 1837. Our subject was reared a farmer and was united in marriage to Miss Margaret E. Collins of St. Clairsville, on June 2, 1846. After his marriage he lived in St. Clairsville for a few years, then returned to the farm where he was born, and yet resides. He owns 285 acres of the Charles Hammond entry. His principal business is sheep raising. His father was one of the first dealers in fine sheep in the country. Had the pure saxons, and at the time of his death owned 800 head. This breed has been kept by them for fifty years. Mr. A. has thirty acres on which grow a great variety of fruit trees, 1,000 apple, 200 crab apple, 150 cherry, 200 pear, 150 peach trees and a variety of small fruits. In a vineyard of nine acres he has 17,500 bearing vines. His greatest crop was in 1875, from which he realized $2,500. EDWARD S. ARRICK was born in Richland township, February 26, 18:36. Was educated in common schools and reared a farm er. November. 17, 1857, he married Miss Jerusha J. Bell, daughter of John Bell. After his marriage he lived for one year on the farm where he now resides. He afterwards removed to Lee county, Illinois, where he remained five years, then returned to the old homestead. This farm was first settled by William Bell, a native of Ireland, who emigrated to America in 1784, and in 1794 bought 114 acres in Richland township. The brick house in which Mr. Arrick resides was built. in 1825. It was one of the first built in that locality. JESSE B. MAGEE, was born in Richland township, November 15, 1819. His father was .a cabinet maker by trade, and in 1801 located in St, Clairsville, being the first one in the town of his occupation. Married Miss Elizabeth Coleman of .Richland township, who was a native of Kentucky. They were the parents of twelve children, of which our subject was the third son.. In about 1808, Mr. Magee located on the farm, where our subject yet resides. There was then a small cabin, and small tract of land cleared. Our subject received a common school education, and on September 30, 1847, he was married to Kiss Catharine S. Lank of Brooke county W. Wa. He has always resided on the farm where he was born. CHARLES W. SCHUMACHER, son of Christopher Schumacher, was born in the Kingdom of Wurtemburg, Germany, April 29, 1831. He attended school until fourteen years of age when he began the trade of butchering ; emigrated to America with his parents in September 1848, and located in Wheeling, W. Va. Here he did an extensive business at butchering, stock dealing. &c., till 1855, when he removed to Belmont county, Ohio, and located on little McMahon's creek, and in 1867 came to his present location, two miles east of St. Clairsville, on the national pike. Married Christine Bayha, April 2 1850. His son Jacob is a corporal in the regular army, in which he has served for four years. In 1855 he planted three acres in a vineyard. This was the third one in the county of any importance; and he Was therefore one of the first to begin the grape culture in this locality. He makes a considerable quantity of wine of Superior quality. His house is a great resort for market people on their way to Wheeling. Dr. WILLIAM T. MITCHELL, son of Edgar and Delilah Mitch- ell, was born in Monroe county, Ohio, March 5, 1847. He was reared a farmer, and attended Franklin College, at Athens, O., for three years. In 1864 he began as a day laborer on the farm in Belmont county, arid taught school for eight winters. In 1872 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Piper, of Glencoe. He attended both the Starling and Columbus Medical Colleges of Columbus, Ohio, graduating at the latter in 1876, and began his practice in March of the same year as a partner of his old instructor. On June 6, 1878, he married Alice M. Ault, ,,f Belmont county, Ohio. JOHN STEWART was born near Washington, Washington county, Pa., October 7, 1827. His education was obtained at common schools; and he was brought up as a farmer, which occupation he still pursues. Married Mary Cochran, of Belmont county, October 19, 1854. In April, 1864, Mr. Stewart removed to Belmont county and located in Richland township, where he yet resides. His residence is near the small town that he laid out on a portion of his farm in 1868, and which bears his name. Mr, Stewart began operating in coal in 1866, and at present has a half interest in the Franklin Coal Works. GEORGE W. BARNES was born in Smith township, Belmont county, November 20, 1827. his father, John Barnes, was born near Frederick, Maryland, Tune 3, 1788, and migrated, with his parents, to St. Clairsville, Belmont county, Ohio, in 1799. David Barnes, the grandfather of our subject, was a brother of James, the founder of Barnesville. John Barnes, father of George W., remained in St. Clairsville one year, then leased a quarter section of land two miles west of town, on HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 253 which be moved and made improvements. His educational advantages were superior to most young men of that day, having attended school in the eastern and southern states. When a young man he clerked for several years in the stores of CaIdwell and Thompson, of St. Clairsville. In 1817 he married Ann Thompson, daughter of John and Sarah Thompson, and resided in Richland township until his death, excepting the year be lived in Smith, where he east the only Whig vote polled in that township. His principal occupation was farming. He died in 1865; his companion followed in July, 1870, aged 78 years. Our subject received a common school education. On January 14, 1892, he was married to Isabella Ferrel. His wife died May 8, 1866, and on the 24th day of December, 1868, he was again united in marriage to Martha Price, who died January 14. 1872. On the 11th of March, 1873, be made his third choice in Lucretia G. Hamilton. He has always been a citizen of St. Clairsville or vicinity, moving where he now lives, near the County Home, in 1877, and erected the dwelling in which he resides. WILLIAM H. MCCLEARY, was born in Wheeling township, Belmont county, Ohio, December 13, 1852. In 1869 he commenced working at the blacksmith trade with his father in Lloydsville, where he continued for six years, then began. business on his own account, in East Richland, where he is carrying on the business. He married Mary E. Milner of Morgan county, Ohio, October 11, 1877. E. J. CARMAN,—son of William Carman, was born in Warrenton, Jefferson county, Ohio, October 15, 1829. In 1832, his parents moved to. Belmont county, Ohio, and located near where our subject now resides in the vicinity of East Richland. He obtained a common school education. He has followed the wholesale notion business for a number of years, and travels over the same territory his father traveled in that business. He married Lucretia N. Wineman, March 31, 1857. He has traveled for forty years, and transacted business in every state from the Atlantic to the Mississippi river. His father owned the land and laid out the town of East Richland. OWEN MEEHAN, was born in the county of Monehean, Ireland, March 20, 1833. When fourteen years of age he emigrated to America, remained in western New York for one year, and Caine to West Virginia and engaged as a common laborer on the B. & 0. R. R. His uncle had a contract of building the first bridge west of Bellaire, on the Central Ohio railroad, and "lit subject was employed as superintendent and time keeper. When the work was about half completed the contractor died and Mr. Meehan finished the job. After the completion of the read he was employed as a shop hand at Bellaire, cleaning engines, &c. About 1857, an incident occurred worthy of notice, The shops where he was laboring took fire. There was but the engine ready for service, and with this he passed through the flames of the burning building, secured six locomotives, ten coaches and four baggage cars, and in this perilous operation he was so badly burned that he lay unconcious for one month, and was unable to work for five months. He saved the company property valued at $160,000.00, for which he never was remunerated. After he had sufficiently recovered he began as fireman on the B. & O. R. R While acting as such on the locomotive Antelope, and when six miles west of Barnesville on an eastern bound train, the engine exploded, scalding the engineer severely and breaking one of his legs. Mr. Meehan was thrown a distance of twenty-five yards, and alighting oil his left shoulder fractured his collar-bone. Shortly after this occurrence he began as engineer and continued the same till 1866. On the 4th day of June of that year, he embarked in the coal business in the firm of Stewart and Meehan, proprietors of the Franklin Coal Works. Married Margaret Douglass, of Richland township, February 19, 1873. His residence is in Stewartsville. JOHN B. MCMECHAN, was born in Richland township, November 18, 1847. His education was obtained at common schools and at Washington and Jefferson College, Pennsylvania. Married Rose Frazier of St. Clairsville, Ohio, September 28, 1876: John McMechan, our subject's grandfather, was a native of Ireland, emigrated to America in 1810, and located in Richland township, where John McMechan, Jr. yet resides, on the old Indian springs farm. There was then but a small lot cleared and very few improvements. He resided on this farm till the date of his death in 1859, being 97 years of age. William McMechan, our subject’s father, was born in Ireland in 1806, and married. Eleanor Brown, October 5, 1843. His business throughout life was farming, and he died August 15, 1854. This farm has been owned by the McMechan family since 1810. On it is supposed to be the highest hill in the county. DR. JOSEPH M. MITCHELL, son of Henry Mitchell, was born in St. Clairsville, Ohio, April 13, 1814, His father was born in the county Down, Ireland, in the year 1787; emigrated to America with the Patton family, with whom he was an apprentice, in 1801; was a soldier in the war of 1812, served under Colonel Paull. and was present at Hull's surrender at Detroit. Being an alien, he ran a narrow escape of being hung. In 1838. he began a shoe store in St. Clairsville, and remained in the business as a dealer and manufacturer until 1855, and died in 1863. Our subject was educated at his.native town, and after studying medicine with Dr. Thomas Carroll, attended lectures at the old Pennsylvania University at Philadelphia, in the winters of 1835 and 1836. In the spring 1836 he began the practice of his profession, and in 1839, he embarked in the drug business in St, Clairsville, which he followed for some three years. In May, 1841, he was united in marriage to Lydia Pickering. He served as county treasurer for two years, and acted as resident engineer for five years on the National pike. Removed to his present location, one mile south of St. Clairsville, in 1855. HENRY MORGAN was born in Wheeling township, Belmont county, November 19, 1826. His father, Amos Morgan, who was a cabinet maker, emigrated to Wheeling township, Belmont county, from Maryland in 1810; married Catharine Gittinger, February 2, 1826, and for about eight years after his marriage he did an extensive business in cabinet work. He then began farming, but worked some at his trade, however, as long as he lived. In 1867 he removed to where Henry, our subject, now resides, about one mile south of St. Clairsville, where he died in 1872. Our subject was educated at Franklin College, Athens, Ohio. After he left college he taught school for three years, since which farming has been his avocation. He married Annie H. Hatcher, February 29, 1872. JOHN BOYLES was born in Richland township, November 16, 1842. His business has always been that of a quiet farmer, and resides on the farm where his ,parents located in 1837. His father, Jacob Boyles, was a native of Washington county, Pa., and married Elizabeth Huston. John married Mary McFarland, May 3, 1878. His brother James served in the war of the rebellion ; enlisted August 39, 1862, in company F, 50th regiment, O. V. I., and died at Lebanon, November 29, 1862; in the hospital. JOHN KING SUTTON, son of Zachariah Sutton was born in Richland township, Belmont county, Ohio, November 23, 1823. His early life was spent on the farm ; and when twenty years of acre he began the carpenter trade. This he continued till 1860. Married May J. Wilson, of St. Clairsville, Ohio, February 4, 1864. In October, 1868, Mr. Sutton removed to his present location, where he has a fine tract of land under good cultivation, most of which is planted in orchards, small fruits, and also a. nursery of about an acre. RICHARD SUTTON was born in Belmont county, April 14, 1826. His education was obtained at common schools, and when young taught for about two years. Farming has been his avocation throughout life. On the 6th of April, 1848, he married Nancy Harvey. Mr. Sutton removed to where he now resides in 1853, and with but few months exception has always lived in Richland township. His farm of 180 acres is situated on Little McMahon's creek, and is underlaid with coal of a superior quality. Mr Sutton’s father, Zachariah, was one of the early settlers of Belmont county. ELIJAH MCFARLAND, son of William McFarland, was born in Richland township, Belmont county, February 8, 1833. His business has always been that of farming. Married Jane Gable, September 18, 1856. His grandfather, Wm. McFarland, a native of Pennsylvania, emigrated to Ohio and located on a quarter section, in section 33, Richland township, in about 1807. He had a family of five children ; two sons and three daughters. Our subject’s father was born in Pennsylvania, and married Charity Sutton, by whom he had seven children, six sons and one daughter; five sons are living. His father died in September, 1861. Mr. McFarland resides on a part of the old farm on which his grandfather located in 1807. 254 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. ALEXANDER C. DANFORD, son of Michael and Mercy Danford, was born in Belmont county, O., November 21, 1831. His education was obtained at the common schools, and he was reared a farmer. Married Nancy Frost October 2, 1852, and has four children. Mr. Danford was engaged in farming and speculating in stock until the year 1878, when he was appointed superintendent of the Belmont County Infirmary, and took charge of the same April 1, of that year. HENRY DANIEL was born in Union township, Belmont county, August 30, 1826. The names of his parents were Samuel and Sarah Daniel. His father was a native of Loudon county, Va., removed to Belmont county in 1815, and located in Union township, where he resided for eighteen years, and then removed to where our subject now lives, in Richland township. He united with the Presbyterian church of St. Clairsville in 1835, and by his walk through life fitly exemplified its teachings. His death occurred March 9, 1875, at which time he was in the 95th year of his age. Henry's education was obtained at common schools, and he was brought up on a farm. Has been twice married; his first wife, was Phebe A. Pickering, to whom he was united March. 5, 1849, and who died March 9, 1854. He then married her sister, Phebe A. Pickering, December 14, 1855. In 1855 he began merchandizing in East Richland, but continued it only a short time. Has been a general trader and speculator in Western lands, &c. WILLIAM CALDWELL was born in Ireland February 17, 1814. He was the second child of John Caldwell, and when four years of age his parents emigrated to America, crossed the mountains in wagons drawn by oxen, and when they reached Pittsburgh his father took sick and died, leaving his wife and four children to mourn his loss. His wife, in a short time, went to Washington county, Pa., and lived in a cabin for seven years, when she moved to Belmont county, first settling on a farm of 60 acres in Wheeling township, and twelve years afterward bought 214 acres, where Mr. Caldwell now resides. Our subject was married to Mary Jane Bell, June 2, 1842. He was a director of the Belmont, County Infirmary foe nine years. He is now the owner of over eight hundred acres of land. His mother died May 10, 1872, at the advanced age. of 91 years. Mr. Caldwell's brother was a Presbyterian minister, and died in January, 1872. His sister, Elizabeth, and himself are the only ones left of his Another s family. DUNHAM M. BERRY was born in Richland township October 23, 1828. His grandfather, John Berry, a native of Virginia, emigrated to Belmont county in 1798, and located on the land now situated in Colerain and Richland townships, and erected his cabin. His nearest neighbor was a Mr. Croy, who lived about one mile distant, and had come one year before him. His wife's lather, John Horn, was an officer in the war of the Revolution, and came to Belmont county at the same time. .Four of his sons, Enoch, John. Samuel and Thomas, served in the war of 1812. Jacob Berry, father of our subject, was born January 15, 1797; married Miss Jane Martin, a native of New Jersey, in about 1818, add died in 1877. Our subject married Miss Martha A. Norris September 9, 1852'. He is a carpenter by trade, which he follows in Connection with farming. His farm consists of 120 acres, and is situated one half mile from St. Clairsville, on the Cadiz pike, where he has lived since 1854. JOEL ELLIOTT was born in Belmont county, February 14, 1811. He obtained a liberal education at the schools of those days, and when sixteen years of age was sent to St. Clairsville to learn the trade of a saddler under William Wilkins. He served an apprenticeship of four years and then came to Loydsville, where he pursued his trade until August; 1854. Mr. Elliott then embarked in the grocery and hardware bulginess, in which he still continues. In 1874 he began the sale of drugs in connection with hardware and groceries. He was appointed postmaster in 1832 and continued as such for three years, being the first of the town ; was again appointed in 1840, serving five years, and again obtained the position in 1854, retaining it to the present day. Mr. Elliott has been married twice; for his first wife he selected Lucinda Vanlaw in the year 1836, who died in 1864. He married for his second wife Julia A. Frasier, .September 19. 1866. ROBERT E. GIFFEN, son of Morrison and Margaret Giffen, was born in Richland township, March 29, 1847. Was well educated in the common schools and followed school teaching for a number of years. On October 8, 1873, he was married to Miss Annie M. Bentley, After his marriage he came to his present location, a farm containing 120 acres. He follows farming and stock raising. JAMES A. STEWART was born February 13, 1842. Received his education at .the common schools and at Hopedale. Was reared a farmer. On the 10th of February, 1870, he was married to Miss Kate Johnston., of St. Clairsville. Have four children : Margaret E., William II, John B. and Herbert R. Stewart. Rec sides on the farm with his parents. JOHN E. STEWART was born in Richland township, Belmont county, January 12, 1834. Was educated In the common schools and attended the Franklin College. On September 24, 1860, he married Miss Mary T. Hinkle, of Richland township. On May 10, 1864, he enlisted as a private in the hundred day service and became a member of company E, of the 167th 0. N. G.. While on duty he was promoted to corporal. After his mar, riage he resided for awhile in Wheeling township and in 1871, he removed to his present location situated three miles east of St. Clairsville. JOSEPH J. TAGGART, a son of Isaac Taggart, was born in Richland township, October 19, 1823, His grandfather was a native of Ireland, and emigrated to America in about 1773, locating in Chester county, Pa., and was a soldier in the revolution. In 1800, with a large family of children he 'Settled in Jefferson county, Ohio, and after remaining a short time he moved to Belmont county. Isaac, the father of our subject was born in Chester county, Pa.; married Miss Margaret McCaughey, and he and his brother served in the war of 1812, in captain Campbell's company for six months. He died at the age of 89 years. Margaret T. Taggart, on aunt of our subject is living with him, and is the last one left of the old family. She is in her 87th year. Our subject received a common school education, and was reared a farmer. ..On January 6, 1852, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Wells. WILSON SHANNON TAGGART, a son of John Taggart, was born in Wayne township, Belmont county, November 8, 1848. lie received his education at the St. Clairsville schools. He was brought up on a farm and makes farming his business, On September 10., 1874, he was married to Miss Elthisa J. Berry. Shortly after his marriage he moved on a part of the old Tagcgart farm, where he remained for three years. He now resides with. his father in Richland township. LEWIS SUTTON, son of Jonathan Sutton, was born in Somerset county, New Jersey, March 31, 1793. In 1807, his parents migrated to Westmoreland county, Pa., where they remained two years and then came to Belmont county, locating on a farm of 135 acres, some two Miles south of St. Clairsville. His father died on the farm where he had located, in the 80th year of his age, and his mother died in her 90th year, Our subject is by trade. a wheelwright. On April 1, 1817, he was married to Miss Eleanor G. McWilliams, daughter of David McWillams. In 1844 he moved to the farm on which he now resides. which contains 215 acres, situated three miles east of St. Clairsville, on the national pike. For the last half century he has followed farming. His son David M. married Miss Mary McMechan, on December 1, 1864. Our subject and family are members of the Mt. Clairsville Presbyterian church. JOSEPH HARPER was born in county Down, Ireland, December 14, 1800, and when 18 years of age, he, with his uncle and cousin, emigrated to America. For about one year he remained at Philadelphia. In the year 1824, he came to Belmont county on horseback, and located in Colerain township, where he remained for five years. From thence he removed to Mt. Pleasant, Jefferson county, remaining there some nine years, and from thence to Harrison county, where he lived for fifteen years. In 1869 he removed to the farm on which he now resides in Richland township, Belmont county. On June 16, 1825, he married Miss Nancy Major, who died April 16, 1861, and on December 18, 1863, he married Miss Clarinda A. Rice. Has followed farming as his occupation. AMOS FAWCETT, son of Thomas Fawcett, was born October 29, 1826, in Richland township, on a part of the farm where he now resides, it being the land his grandfather located on in 1814. Our subject’s father married Miss Rachel Vale. They migrated from Frederick county, Va., and were the parents of nine children. Our subject received a common school education, HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 255 and was reared a farmer. On April 6, 1848, he married Miss Charity Sutton. SAMUEL HARDESTY.- The grandfather of the subject of this sketch, Richard Hardesty, was a soldier of the Revolution, who came to the western country in the times of border warfare. About 1793 he removed to Wheeling for protection from the Indians, but not long after settled in Richland township, Belmont county, on 157 acres, all in the woods, with no settlement nearer than St. Clairsville, and but few cabins there. He was the father of three sons, Robert, Samuel and John, all of whom served in the war of 1812. On the 5th of January, 1809, Robert was married to Nancy McMillen. These were the parents of our subject, who was born on the 14th of September, 1810. He has resided his lifetime in Belmont county.. His father died October 3, 1861, aged 80 years, and his mother died November 17, 1863, aged 73 years. JOHN HARDESTY, son of Robert and Nancy Hardesty, was born January 26, 1820. He obtained a common school education, and was raised on a farm. On June 16, 1864, he was married to Miss. Mary J. Coats, of Richland township. They are the parents of five children, Robert, Samuel, Ada, Luella, William R. and John G. Hardesty. In 1869 he located on the farm on which he now resides, containing 140 acres, and situated in section 23. This farm was settled by John Hardesty, a brother to Richard Hardesty. JOHN HARDESTY, SR., a son of Richard Hardesty, was born at Martin's Perry in the year 1791, and is supposed to be the first white child born in Belmont county. He always lived in Richland township after he was four years of age. Was married to Miss Mary Bell, by whom he had seven children. He died in 1870, aged 79 years. WINFIELD S. CLOSE, son of Josiah Close, was born in Richland township, Belmont county, December 11, 1852. He re: ceived his education at district schools and St. Clairsville. Remained with his parents on the farm till 21 years of age. On September 29, 1875, he was united in marriage to Miss Jennie 25, Hammond, who was born in Wheeling township, September 25, 1852. After his marriage he came to his present location, which is situated two miles southwest of' St. Clairsville. His hither settled on the farm in the spring of 1834. It contains 100 acres, all underlaid with coal. de follows farming and stock-raising. SOLOMON BENTLEY, JR , is a son of Major Bentley, who was born in Berkeley county, Va., July 25, 1783. In an early day he moved to Wheeling, where he worked at blacksmithing. From thence he came to Belmont county, Ohio, locating in or near St. Clairsville, whore he spent the remainder of his long and useful life. In 1812, shortly after the surrender of Gen. Hull, he entered the army as captain in command of a company of volunteers. While in the service he was appointed major, and held a major,s commission when he was honorably discharged. In 1822, and twice thereafter, he was elected sheriff, and once auditor of. Belmont county. in 1833, and again in 1834, be was elected to represent Belmont county in the General Assembly of the state, and in 1846 he was appointed member of the State Board of Equalization by the General Assembly. In the performance of the duties of these responsible offices, military, ministerial and legislative, he so conducted himself as not to lessen, but to increase the respect and confidence which, by his previous industry, integrity and good sense, he had secured, and which he fully retained . to the day of his death. He was three times married, and a few months before his death he followed to the grave the remains of his third and last wife. He left to survive him two sons and two daughters. He was a useful member of the Associate Reform Presbyterian Church. His death occurred May 7, 1865, in the 82d year of his age. Our subject was born in St. Clairsville Feb. 7,1826, and when four years of age his parents removed to where Mr. Bentley now resides. He was educated at common schools and at Loydsville, and taught for one term. On February 12, 1850 he was married to Ellen Thompson. They are the parents Of eleven children; nine of whom are living, five sons and four daughters. In 1870 he appraised the land of Richland township. He is secretary of the Flushing and. Uniontown Macadamized Road Company, and a member of the U. P. Church. THOMAS S. CLOSE, son of Josiah Close, was born in Richland township, February 4, 1848.. Received his education in the common schools and New Market College. Was roared on the farm, and remained with his father till of age. On October 6. 1870, he was married to Miss Jennie A. Morrison of Richland township. He till resides on the old farm where his parents removed when he was quite small. It contains 100 acres, and is known as the old Cowgill farm. He is a breeder of short horn rattle and fine Marino sheep. HUGH MCMILLEN, son of James McMillen, was born in Pultney township, Belmont county, February 15, 1819. His father was a native of York county, Pennsylvania; was a soldier in the the war of 1812 ; was married to Miss Eleanor Curley, of York, county, Pennsylvania, and died in 1855, aged 66 years. His widow still survives him in her 82d year, and has all her faculties well preserved. Our subject received a common school education, and learned the wagon-maker trade with his father. In the fall of 1827, his parents removed to the place where our subject now resides,. one mile south of East Richland. On June 29, 1865, he married Miss Harriet Lewis, daughter of Ira Lewis. They are both members of the M. E. Church. WILLIAM ESTEP, M, D, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, April 2, 1815, He came to Loydsville about the year 1840. He commenced the practice of medicine in New Athens, Ohio, where he remained two years. In the spring of 1850, he graduated at Starling Medical College of Columbus, Ohio. Served two years, 1862-3, in the late rebellion, in the 126th regiment O. V. I. The .balance of his time has been spent in his profession at Loydsville. Was married in the year 1835. JOHN F. BALDWIN was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1830. In 1859 ho removed to Harrison county, Ohio, and in 1872, he came to Loydsville, Where he has ever since resided. He served in the late .rebellion, enlisting August 15, 1862, in company O 126th regiment O. V. I.; lost his left arm in the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, and was mustered out of service January 7, 1865, on account of disabilities. He is now engaged in keeping the hotel known as the Baldwin House, Loydsville. JAMES A. RINKER, a son of Samuel Rinker, was born in London county, Va., May 4, 1840. W hen about five year of age his parents removed to Hampshire county, Va.,, where they remained eight years, and from thence to Belmont county, Ohio, and located on the farm where Dr. Mitchell now resides. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812, and died in the year 1854,.aged 64 years. Our subject obtained a common school education, and was reared a farmer. On the 1st of April, 1848, he married Miss Eliza J., Barnes. After his marriage he located on McMahon's creek, mod also lived about four years in Wayne township. In 1855 he removed to St. Clairsville, where he was engaged in the mercantile business for fourteen years. From that he followed the business of propagating vines, &c., for two years, and then removed to his farm, situated one and a half miles southwest of St. Clairsville. DAVID MCGREW, a son of James F. McGrew, was born in Cadiz, Ohio, December 26, 1825. He obtained a common school education, and learned the milling trade with his father, who had been a soldier in the war of 1812. When six years of age his parents located on McMahon's creek, Belmont county, remaining for fifteen years, and thence went to Yellow creek, Jefferson county, where his father died in the year 1844. Our subject married Miss Rebecca McMurry, July 3. 1850. At one time he owned the one-half interest in a mill two miles below Bellaire, which was destroyed by fire. He then began milling on Captina creek, where he remained for eighteen months. He now resides at the old Stone mill, known as the Thomason mill, on Little McMahon creek, which he owns, and which was built by Thomas. Thomason, in 1839. He follows farming, milling and sawing lumber. JOHN A. NEFF, son of Henry Neff, was born in Richland township Belmont .county, Ohio, October 28, 1823. His father was a native of Allegheny county, Md., who about the year 1810 settled in Belmont county, and was a soldier in the war of 1812, being a. prisoner in Hull's surrender. In 1820 he married Miss Elizabeth Blocher, a native of the same state. They had three children, George, John A. and Sarah Jane, none of whom are living, except the subject of this sketch. In May, 1830, he died at 256 -HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. the age of fifty-one years. His wife is stilt living. and in her 80th year. In the year of 1842, our subject went to Mt: Vernon; Ohio, to learn brick making with an uncle named Blocher. After working with him for one year he went to Maryland, where he worked two years, then returned to Belmont, county and began work at his trade in connection with farming. On March 21, 1851; he married Miss Elizabeth Giffen, of York. township. Mr. N. resides on the farm that his father located in 1820. It contains 320 acres, well watered, excellent timber and an abundance of coal. JOHN W. NEFF, son of Andrew. Neff, was born in Belmont county in 1846. He received, a common school education , and has followed farming and stock raising as the business of his He owns 230 acres of excellent land in a high state of cultivation. The barn that Mr. Neff has recently built is one of the finest (if not the finest) in this section of the state. In it are stock scales and every convenience for stock that can; possibly be made. It was built at a cost of. nearly three thousand dollars. Mr. Neff has just completed a fine dwelling-house, finished and supplied with the most modern. improvements, and he now has, perhaps, the finest appointed farm property in the county. He married Mary E.; daughter of Samuel McKelvy, of Belmont county, JOHN STEPHENS, SR. was a native of Germany, born on the river Rhine in the town of Alshine, in the year 1792. In 1833 he emigrated to America, locating in Wheeling, West Virginia, where he remained six months, and then came to Belmont, county, settling about one mile east of St. Clairsville. After a short time be remove to the old farm on which he passed the remain- der of. his days, situated .a short distance east of East Richland, on the National pike. Mr. S. was a soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte, and was at the famous battle of Waterloo. The first vineyard in the county. was planted by him in 1844. This vineyard contained three acres, and was situated :on one of .the highest points in the county, Which now goes by the name of vineyard hill. A great quantity of wine has been manufactured from the products of, its vines. In 1854, 2,300 gallons were made. Mr. S. was also a grain merchant at one time. On December 10, 1817 he married Miss Wendalena Emmert. They were the parents of six children, all of whom are living. . The old homestead is owned by his two daughters, Eliza and Robenia. Our subject departed this life in 1855, and his wife in the year 1.876. WILLIAM H. MCBRIDE, a son of Jonathan McBride was born in St. Clairsville, May 11,1834. His parents removed. to Richland township when he was 11 years old. His education was obtained in the common schools, and he was reared a farmer. At the age of 21 he began school teaching, and followed the occupation for a number of years in. connection with farthing. September 20, 1858, he was united in. marriage to Miss. Martha. J. Kelly, and he has resided in Richland township ever since. For several years he was trustee of the township. At 22 years of age he was elected assessor, serving two terms, and was again elected in the spring of 1879. He connected himself with the Presbyterian. Church of St. Clairsville, when 25 years of age, and has been an elder in said church for 16 years. STEPHEN L. SMITH, son of William Smith, was born in Lancaster, Ohio, September 16, 1833. When one year old, his parents came to Bridgeport, Belmont county; where they remained some five years, from whence, they went to Kirkwood township, remaining about twenty years. His father then removed to Licking county, Ohio, where he yet resides. Our subject was reared a farmer, and in March, 1855 he married Miss Margaret Fitzgerald. After his marriage he lived in. Wheeling township, engaged in farming. In 1874, he, removed to Richland township, on the farm he now resides, one-quarter mile southwest of the. county infirmary, on the National pike. SIMON LENTZ was born in Bavaria, Germany, February 5, 1824. He learned the trade of a stone-cutter, and when 23 years of age he emigrated to America. Not long alter, his arrival he went to Marshall county, Va., and contracted for the building of two bridges. on the Hampfield Railroad. He was something over two. years in this place. He then went to West. Alexandria, Pa., and built two bridges on the Hempfield Railroad, and from thence. to Wheeling, where. he married Mies. Annie Meyer, a native of Monroe county, Ohio, on the 7th of July, 1853. In 1854 he removed to the stone house, four miles west of Bridgeport, and kept hotel for one year. In 1855 he came to his present location, five miles west of St. Clairsville, on the National road, where he kept hotel for one year, and then began the grocery, business and farming, which he still follows THOMAS E. HECKETT, son of John J. Heckett, was born near Burr's Mills, Belmont county, April 12, 1852. His early life was spent on the farm. After receiving a common school education he attended the National Normal School at Lebanon, O., and the Hopedale Normal School, in Harrison county, since which time be has followed teaching. to some extent. At present he is studying law with the expectation of making that his profession. JOSEPH SMITH, a son of William Smith, was born in Washington, Pa., October 19, 1803. In the year 1806 his father came to Belmont county, located in Wheeling township, where he remained a few years,. and then removed to where Warnock's station now is. There he erected a grist-mill, which still stands, and is run by his brother— In 1816 he removed to where Terre Haute, Indiana, has since been built. In September of the same year he died; and, eight days after, his wife followed him, leaving a family of ten children, the eldest being 16 years of age and the youngest only seven months. They returned the same fall to their friends in Wheeling township. Their names are as follows : Sarah, John, Joseph, James, William, Robert,, Steel, Washington, Smiley and Rebecca. Our subject is a blacksmith by trade, which he followed. for twelve years, when, finding it did not. agree with his health, he abandoned it. He married Miss Rebecca McMillan September 24, 1827. He came to his present location in. the spring of 1865. He has been a subscriber. of the St. Clairsville Gazette for fifty years. His son, John S., served in the Union army, Company G, 98th Regiment O. V. I., until the close of the war, and in 1874 he was elected justice of the peace, which office he still holds. DR. WILLIAM PIPER was born in Richland township; Belmont county, May 11, 1832. His early life was passed on the farm, but at the age of majority he decided to study medicine, and began the same with Dr. Walker, of St. Clairsville, with whom he continued three years: In the years .1856-7, he attended Starling Medical College, at Columbus, O., and immediately thereafter began practice at Jacobsburg, where he remained nine years. From thence he removed to Newark, O., and formed a partnership with Dr. Rister, with whom ho continued a year and a half; after which he returned to his native county, and began his labors at Glencoe, where he has an extensive practice. On the 14th of October, 1858, he became united in marriage to Margaret J. Rankin. Our subject's father was a native of Northumberland county, Pa. When young he emigrated to Ohio, and after being in different parts of the State, concluded to locate in Belmont County. He died in 1864. His widow still survives him, and resides- at Centreville. EDWARD ECKHARD is a native of Prussia and was born May 11, 1834. He was educated by private tutors, and when young he began the mercantile business, which he has pursued all his life. In 1854 he emigrated to America, where he landed in August. After his arrival he remained a short time in New Orleans and then went to Logan, Ohio, where he followed his business tar fifteen years. He was then at Galioplis a few months, where he married Annie J. Dunn, April 1, 1867. Shortly after his marriage he came to his present location, at Glencoe, Belmont. county. Mr. Eckhard keeps a general assortment of goods at his store, and is postmaster of the village. BENJAMIN. GARRETT was born on Short creek, Harrison county; Ohio, January 4, 1814. When twenty-two years of age he began 'the carpenter trade with Wm. Shepard, for whom he worked one year, and then began the trade of a miller, thinking it' a more profitable business. This he continued for about twenty-five years. In April, 1842, he married Margaret Ogilbee. In 1837, he removed to Warnock’s Station, and remained in that vicinity till 1864; when he removed to his present location, at Glencoe. Here be ran a grist mill one year and then worked at the carpenter and wagon making trade till March, 1873, when he became a watchman on the B, & O. R R. and still continues the same. HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 257 HISTORY Of THE CITY OF BELLAIRE Belaire is beautifully situated on the west bank of the Ohio river, a few miles below Wheeling, and is the largest town in Belmont county. Its commercial advantages "outside of the advantages of accumulated capital in older cities," are not equalled by those of any other point between Pittsburgh and Cincinnati. The Ohio river, with a good landing at all stages of water leading north and south and southwest, the Central Ohio railroad, giving connection with all the railway lines west, southwest and northwest, the Cleveland & Pittsburgh railroad with its double connections at the lakes, and at Pittsburgh with the whole Pennsylvania system, reaching to the seaboard and the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, reaching to and connecting with the capital of the country and the south Atlantic seaboard, and the two latter roads having steamship relations with Europe, all serve to make up the sum of commercial avenues rarely met with in any city so young as Bellaire, while for local commerce the Bellaire & Southwestern railway, now building, will open out a country of extensive and valuable traffic. The Bellaire & St. Clairsville (narrow guage) railway, now in operation, is also a convenience for the place. It contains a population of about 8,000. OLD ORIGINAL TOWN. What now in part, comprises the Second Ward of Bellaire, is the site of the old original town. It was laid out by Jacob Davis, a son of Jacob Davis, Sr., who emigrated from Hartford county, Maryland, and settled here in 1802. He purchased the interest of two of John Buchanan's sons. Buchanan bought from John Duer, July 3, 1795. The land upon which the entire city is built was conveyed by a government grant from the land office in Steubenville, to said John Duer, in 1792. Buchanan willed this land to his three sons. John Rodefer also purchased from one of the sons 133 1-3 acres immediately south of Indian Run, the 30th of March, 1832. Jacob Davis divided his land between his children. Reuben Harris purchased James. Davis' settlements tract. Jacob Davis built a log house or cabin on the ground upon settlements which the implement works now stands, in 1829. The settlements were few, and neighbors, as a consequence, scarce. In order that he Would have no trouble in having help in the of his log house he had a general muster appointed here. Davis was an officer in the militia of the state. He of course succeeded in securing a general muster, after which he made mood use of the soldiers to complete his house. THE CHOLERA FRIGHT OF 1832. The cholera fright in 1832 came even here. One man, a boatman in the employ of Captain Fink, died with the disease. The captain gives a graphic picture of Wheeling at that time. Coal fires were kept burning in the streets constantly to fumigate the atmosphere. Business was almost suspended, and the captain failed to get money from his banker to pay his men upon their return from a trip to New Orleans. NUMBER OF HOUSES AND BUSINESS IN 1832. In 1832, Captain John Fink says, there were four houses near the creek and one where Benson's ferry is. In this year he purchased all of the tract below the creek, of Jacob Davis for $1,400. Jacob Heatherington's present property, together with his addition to town, was secured by him from Captain Fink, who opened out one of the first coal banks. The business of coal mining began to attract some attention at this point. The Veins, which are six feet in thickness, and of excellent quality, were discovered to the northwest making the advantage superior to that on the opposite side of the river. Coal was taken out, carried to the river and shipped down the same to different points—Maysville, Marietta, Cincinnati and New Orleans. This business, which was remunerative both to dealers and miners, naturally drew laborers to this field of action. Mr. Davis, recognizing the beautiful plateau here for a town, concluded to lay out about six acres in lots and sell them. So in April, 1834, he 33—B. & J. Cos, laid out his land into lots and named the place Bell Air, in honor of his native town in Maryland. Among the early and first purchasers, the following names appear : H. B. Cunningham purchased lot No. 6, May 13, 1834. John Wallace bought lot No. 10, the same time. R. Wallace and William Frazier purchased lots Nos. 1 and 2' May 20, 1834. George Wheatley lot 12; Adam Long lot 14 ; Francis Hollingshead lot 31 : Hiram ,McMechen lots 11 and 13 ; R. H. O'Neal lots 19 and 20; Robert Torbet lot 29 ; Jesse Bailey, in 1836 purchased lot 16 ; John Huffman lot 36 ; James Manul lot 35 ; James Dunlap lot 17, and others—Richard Hawkins, C. S. Baron, Amos Worley, Thomas M. Davis, Harrison Porter and John Christian. Jessie Baily built a house near Bradford's tavern on the same side of the street in 1837, Amos Worley built the third house on the southwest corner of Belmont street. He was a cabinet maker and carried on that business there. Joseph Rine was one of the principal coal merchants in the early history of the town. He was among the first. Francis Hollingshead kept a small grocery. Wallace and Frazier's lots faced the river. They purchased them in 1834, intending to build a warehouse near the river, but for reasons best known to themselves never built it. R. H. O'Neal built the O'Neal House, and it stood across the present site of Union street, near the bridge over the railroad. It was moved back and a brick built in front of it. The property is now owned by a Mr. Johnston. Mr. O'Neal also engaged in flat-boat building. He followed that business about five years. A man named Wakefield was the first carpenter and he, it is said, built the first frame house in the town. It is now owned by Mrs. Crosier. The second house is the one standing immediately north of John Archer's residence. Joseph McCulloch kept a shoe shop in the above building. He was succeeded by Benjamin Westlate, who is still living in the place. He and John Archer, so the latter says, are the oldest residents now living in Bellaire. Long & Archer built the first warehouse on the river bank on Water street in the fall of 1837. This firm continued doing business a number of years. They were succeeded by Muth. Muth subsequently rented to Welsh, who engaged in the mercantile trade for a short time, when the building took fire from some unknown cause and was burned to the ground with entire contents. Wm. Hunter, it is claimed, made the first brick manufactured in this place. He soon afterward built the house owned by Bradford, where he started a small store and also engaged in the tavern business. The Longs were engaged in the manufacture of fiat boats. They drove a lively trade in that business. They built on the north side of the river and gave employment to a number of men. John Archer, Sr., was carrying on the cooper trade in 1838. His shop stood near the river bank, opposite Mrs. Bute's residence. After the death of John Archer, Sr., in 1847, John Acher, Jr., took charge of the shop and continued the business until 1852, when high water in the river carried off the building and all his stock and material, he incurring considerable loss. After the death of Adam Long in about 1847, J. C. Anderson purchased the lot owned by him. There was a house on the lot at the time which is still standing, and belongs to McKelvey now. The same year Judge Anderson purchased the Jesse Bailey lot and erected a store house on it and engaged in the dry goods business. Among other early merchants were Gallaspie, who sold to Cunningham and the latter sold to Sprohl. In about 1847 his store took fire and the goods with the building were destroyed. Sprohl then started a store in the building now standing opposite the Bellaire House. Fulton carried on a store in the house now owned by McVey, on Union street. Josephus Gorbey started a store in the property now owned by Mrs. Johnston, in 1853, formerly the property of O'Neal. Samuel Calhoun kept in the property owned by John B. Haney. These were followed by Morgan, Cowen & Co., (wholesale grocers) Sheets, &c., &c. The first clothier was a Jew named Weish. He kept a store on Main and Water streets. Soon a like establishment was opened on the corner of Main and Chestnut. John Rees was a blacksmith and carried on a shop on Main, between Water and Union. J. M. Beard was carrying on wagon making on the corner of York and Union. 258 - HISTORY OP BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTES. POSTAL MATTERS. Some little time after the year 1840 a few of the citizens of the neighborhood conceived the ;idea that there Was enough mail matter received and sent from here to justify the establishment of an office. Prior to this all postal business was transacted at Pultney, a village not now in existence, but then just below the site of the city. The office' was established in the summer of 1841, and John Archer, Sr., appointed FIRST POSTMASTER. He kept the office in a building that stood in the southwest corner of the lot now owned by John Archer, Jr., his son-in-law. At that time only a weekly mail was received; the carrier riding on horseback from Wheeling to Woodsfield. He was from Virginia and named John Mitcheltree. The first office below this was Pultney, then Dille's Bottom, Sunfish, &c. In a few years, however, the boats began to run regularly from :Wheeling to Parkersburg, and a mail was sent and onereceived every other day. Archer was succeeded as postmaster by Dr. Andrews; who kept the office but a short time, and was followed. by John Anderson. Mr. Anderson retained his position until his election to the office of sheriff of the county, in 1858 when A, W, Anderson was appointed. Upon his resignation William Dunn obtained the position through the instrumentality of William Lawrence, then (1858) representative of this district in Congress. Dunn established his office in the lower town, and this arrangement was so inconvenient for citizens of the upper part, that they established a little office of their own, sending their mail to Bridgeport, and receiving it therefrom by the C. & P. baggage masters. Dunn complained to the department; and an official of the Wheeling Custom House came over to investigate matters. A well known physician, still living. here, took the agent in hand and by means of that potent soother, whiskey, sent him home with his investigation unmade. Dunn soon consented to move the office to a more accessible part of the city, and the difficulty was so removed. Robert Harper followed Dunn, keeping the office until 1866, when the present incumbent, Mrs. H. A. Birdsong, was appointed. Instead of the weekly mail of the early days of our history. as a .postoffice, eight mails are now received and sent each days The first sign ever used on the postoffice here is the one used now. It was originally painted by Frank. DeHass, now the celebrated minister and traveler. JOSEPHUS GORBY'S LEDGER. The following names appear among others on Mr. Corby's ledger. The gentlemen who dealt with him in 1854-5-6-7-8 here 'mentioned were prominent; citizens of the place and are closely allied to its prosperity and growth : John Archer came about 1838 ; Benj. Ogle came in about 1840 ; Rudolph Archer came in 1838 ; James Archer, in 1838 ; John A. Gallagher, in 1845 ; Anderson Fulton and Thomas Fulton, in 1852; Robert O'Neal and Jacob Ruffer, in 1834 ; J. B. Shannefelt, ,in 1853:; Benjamin Westlake, in 1838 ; Amos Worley,. in 1834; John W. Kain, in about 1847 ; Dr. Birdsong, in about 1845; Dr. Junkins, in about1852; Patrick Curran T. O'Maley, William Clark, Thom:as Riley,: Conrad Ernst, Charles Brochman, all came in about 1854; Ralph Crosier and John Crosier, came in about 1832 ; .William Davis was born herein about 1805 ; .Jacob Davis, in about 1802 ;.Sohn Muth, came in. about 1848 ; Jas. Davis, Sr., in 1802 ; lames Gill, in 1839; Daniel Goodwin, in 1844 William. Hume, in .1854; Stephen Hipkins, in 1850; Thornton A. Horn, in 1842; John Kelly and E. G. Morgan, in 1858.; Jacob Heatherington, William Heatherington and Ralph Heatherington, came in about 1832; .Elias, Loman settled in about 1844; Evan Lake, in about 1839 ; William Marling settled in about 1838 ; Arthur Sherry,. in about 1856. BELLAIR CHANGED TO BELLAIRE. On the 30th of August, 1852, Col: J. H. Sullivan, George B. Wright and John Welch, the founders of Bellaire City, pur ;;based what was known as the Harris farm, for the purpose of laying, out a new town. It Was surveyed off into lots, streets and alleys in 1854, and on the 14th of November of that year the first sale of lots occurred. The founder Of the original town had, named it in honor of his native town in Maryland, Bell Air, but the word had undergone an incorrect orthography; and cuss tom adopted it, and it was spelled Bellair—making one word. Belair is a French word, signifying. "beautiful air." A word more descriptive of the site was desired by these, gentlemen, and at the suggestion of Moses Sarchett, at that time one the directors of the Central Ohio Road, the name was changed to Bellaire. Not wishing to make too much of a departure from the original name, the double ell was retained, and the last addition was changed from. 'air, that which we breathe, to the French word wire, "level piece of ground," which was so interpreted to mean by the gentleman named, who was a Frenchman and a native of the Isle of Guernsey. It is claimed the proper orthography is Belaire. ENLARGEMENT. From this second laying out of lots sprang the flourishing city of to-day, by far the most important town in the county. it Seemed to give an impetus to the then almost dormant village of Bellaire, which at that time contained but very few good houses. Lots sold readily for awhile, and business houses and residences began to loom up. Ere long it became necessary to make additions, and its limits began to extend further up and down the river. On January 30, 1856, Rodefer made his first addition to Bellaire. On September 5, 1856, the first Harris farm addition was made. The other additions are as .follows: Rodefer's second addition, July, 1856 , Rodefer's third addition, November 3rd, 1859 ; Sullivan, Barnard and Cowen's addition, October 13, 1866 : Butes' addition, March 31. 1868 ; Fink's addition, September 15, 1868; Fink's second addition September 25, 1869, Sullivan, Barnard and Cowen's second addition, June 5, 1869; also Mrs. J. H. Sullivan's Rose Hill addition ; Cummins' first addition, December 1st, 1870; Cummins' second addition, September 10, 1872; Cummins' third addition, June 28, 1873; Cummins' fourth addition, October 3, 1874; Heatherington's first addition, July 11 1871; Bates' addition, July 15, 1871; Barnard, Cummins and Hammond's addition, July 25, 1871; Carroll, Armstrong k Co's addition, February 21, 1872; Fink's third addition, June 22, 1812; Heatherington's second addition,, June 27, 1872 ; Heatheringto.n's third addition, December 5, 1872; Barnard's first addition, April 3, 1873 ; Austin's addition, August 22, 1873 ; Horn's addition, February 21, 1874; Austin's second addition, August 28, 1874; Barnard's second addition, September 4, 1876 Cu,mins' addition, April 15, 1878; Barnard and Cowen s addition, February 27, 1878; Sheets' .addition, March 21, 1879. EARLY PHYSICIANS. Amongst the first physicians to locate and practice medicine in Bellaire, was Drs.. R. M. Anderson, Charles Baron, E. R Birdsong and M. W. Junkins, the latter of whom still continues the practice of his profession. He came here a young man and went into partnership with one of Bellaire's very prominent physicians, Dr. E. P. Birdsong. FIRST STEAM ENGINE. In 1853, John Workman built a saw Mill on the south side of McMahon's creek, where was placed the first steam engine used ..n the city. In 1855, Joseph Long was taken into partnership' and in 1856 James Nichol purchased the mill and operated it until February, 1878, when it burned down. It is supposed to have been the work of incendiarism. CHOLERA EXCITEMENT OF 1849. John A. Gallagher, who came to Bellaire in June, 1845, but who resided in the immediate neighborhood a number of years prior to this date, says, that the excitement along the river in 1849, on account of the cholera, was intense, and the fatality very great. He suffered with an attack, and for several weeks was unable to get about. Out of sixty-three cases in this locality there were seventeen deaths, among whom he recollected the following names : Thomas Shane took the disease first ; he took sick at noon and died before night. Richard Sutton, Mrs. George Sutton, Mrs, John Keiser, William Ray, Mrs. Jacob Rufer, and two boys named respectively G. W. Bally and James Horn, aged about twelve years, died with this disease. The ravages of this epidemic continued for two or three weeks before abating. In 1854 there were two fatal cases in Bellaire—Mrs. Harvey. Porterfield and her daughter died with it.  INCORPORATED. On the 13th of May, 1857, a petition bearing a goodly number of names on it, was submitted to the honorable, board of HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 259 county commissioners, praying that the village of Bellaire be incorporated. The principal reasons given in said petition for grounds of incorporation, was the great amount of disorderly conduct by persons on the streets, both day and night, caused by excessive drink. But, it seems, this petition had been sent up to the commissioners' who ordered that the town be incorporated, without the knowledge of a majority of the citizens, who set about instanter and succeeded in having the whole affair annulled, July 25, 1857, to the great satisfaction of those who loved their beverages. But a few years elapsed until another petition was presented, signed by a majority of the citizens, who by this time became more interested in quelling disturbances and placing some restriction on the dealing out of strong drink. So, accordingly, on the 22d of May, 1860, the village was permanently incorporated. In 1870 the incorporate limits were extended ; and they were again enlarged on the 23d of December, 1873. John Kelley was elected the first mayor. His opponent at the election was Dr. Holloway, who was supported by the whisky element. This element was the stronger, and their candidate, under ordinary circumstances, must have been elected. But some of the citizens took the matter in hand, and by a piece of strategy elected Mr. Kelly. Red paper was secured and the tickets printed upon it, the Holloway tickets being upon white. Men who secretly favored the whisky ticket would approach the polls, look at the tickets, put on a long face and vote for Mr. Kelly. Holloway had but twelve votes, and half of these were red tickets scratched. Kelley's surety was for $1,500, and the names of John S. Anderson and E. G. Morgan appear on his bond. The change from the village to the city charter was made in 1873. The following is a list of the officers from the beginning of the incorporation up to the present time : MAYORS. From 1860 to 1861—John Kelly. From 1861 to 1.863—A. W. Anderson. From 1863 to 1868—E. B. Winans. From 1868 to 1870—A. O. Melot. From 1870 to 1874—George Criswell. From 1874 to 1878—Joel Strahl. From 1878 to 1880—Levi Cassell. RECORDERS. From 1860 to 1861—N. B. Walker. From 1861 to 1862—John S. Cratty. From 1862 to 1863—J. S. Taylor. From 1863 to 1868—G. W. Wilson. From 1868 to 1869-O. C. Kelly. From 1869 to 1870—D. W. Shields. From 1870 to 1871 - M. D. King From 1871 to 1872—J. E. Dobler. From 1872 to 1875—Wm. N. Bolen. From 1875 to 1876—B. B. Winans. From 1876 to 1880—James M. Rees. TREASURERS. From 1860 to 1862—David Rankin. From 1862 to 1863—E. G. Morgan. From 1863 to 1866--John Kelly. From 1866 to 1868—John Zilch.  From 1868 to 1869—Joseph Mitchell. From 1869 to 1872—H. Bute. From 1872 to 1874—M. W. Junkins. From 1874 to 1876—James McGregor. From 1876 to 1880—E. F. Satterfield. MARSHALS. From 1860 to 1861—George Criswell. From 1861 to 1862—John Garrett. From 1862 to 1863—M. Linskey. From 1863 to 1864—William Humes. From 1864 to 1865—George Criswell. From 1865 to 1866—A. W. Shepherd. From 1866 to 1868—J. B. Shannafelt. From 1868 to 1869—William Wright. From 1869 to 1872—John McCormick. From 1872 to 1874—Edwin Owen. From 1874 to 1876—N. H. Rowles.  From 1876 to 1878—W. M. Drugan. From 1878 to 1880- O. G. Archer. I-33—B. & J. Cos. STREET COMMISSIONER. From 1862 to 1864— _____ Braggitt. From 1864 to 1867—James Brazill. From 1867 to 1870— _____ Cochran. From 1870 to 1871—D. Manchester. From 1871 to 1874—J. S. Cratty. From 1874 to 1878—John B. Shannefelt. From 1878 to 1880—A. J. McClellan. POLICE FORCE. Orlander Archer, chief of police. W. C. McElhany, First ward. Shannon Archer, Second ward. John McCormick, Third ward. Michael Kern, Fourth ward, P. O. Criswell; Fifth ward. COUNCILMEN. The following is a list of the Councilmen of the city elected each year : For 1860.—John Archer, A. W. Anderson, John K. Robinson, John Criswell, J. A. Gallagher. For 1861.—John Kelly, John Archer, John K. Robinson, James Milligan, Jas. Benson. For 1862.—J. S. Anderson, John Archer, James Benson, Jas. Milligan, John Kelly. For 1863.—Martin Schick, James M. Davis, George Cunningham, E. G. Morgan. For 1864.—A. W. Anderson, T. H. Morris, P. Clark, Levi Price, G. W. Wilson, I. R. Cline. For 1865.—A. W. Anderson, George Criswell, Frederick Rodewig, Wm. Hume, Cline and Wilson. For 1866.—E. G. Morgan, Robert Darrah, Harrison Bute, August Briel, John Kelly. For 1867.—C. S. S. Baron, Patrick Clark, John Kelly, A. W. Anderson, W. H. :Houser. For 1868.—E. B. Winans, Patrick Clark, C. S. S. Baron, Christian Bippus, C. C. Kelly, A. W. Anderson. For 1869.—Wm. Sharp, J. T. Mercer, John Kelly, Anthony Sheets, James Hackett, D. W. Shields. For 1870.—John Biglow, George W. Hoge, John Archer, William Y. Johnson, Isaac Booth, G. D. Callen. For 1871.—John Archer, John Biglow, John Kelly, George Kern, G. W. Hoge, E. G. Morgan. For 1872.—John Biglow, Richard Crosier, C. L. Poorman, E. G. Morgan, John Kelly, George Kern. For 1873.—John Fink, D. J. Smith, G. W. Hoge, John Biglow, C. L. Poorman, R. Crosier. For 1874.—John Fink, John B. Hainey, Frederick Rodewig, D. D. Sharp, E. G. Morgan, G. R. Leasure. For 1875.—George Criswell, John B. Hainey, Frederick Rodewig, D. D. Sharp, E. G. Morgan, G. R. Leasure. For 1876.—Charles Henry, V. T. Morgan, A. Dunlap, A. W. Shephard, J. W. Sanders, M. V. Miller, R. W. Nelson, Julius Armstrong, Charles Satterfield, A. Clohan. For 1877.—M. V. Miller, R. Farley, Jas. McGregor, A. Roeder, H. Landkrohn, John Gallagher, A. W. Shepherd, Wm. Douglass, R. W. Nelson, Jonathan Hoffman. For 1878.—Richard Farley, W. M. Reed, A. Roeder, Christian Bippus, H. Landkrohn, J. Gallagher, Robt. Brown. John Oswald, W. L. Camp, MT. Douglass. For 1879.—W. M. Rees' S. S. McGowen, A. Roeder, C. Bippus, John Oswald, Frederick Eberly, John Gallagher, Robt. Brown. W. L. Camp, A. R. McClure. STREET DIRECTORY. Streets running north and south. The names following the dash are the old names. Belmont street—formerly Belmont, Chestnut, Bridge and Pike. Cemetery avenue. Chestnut alley—formerly Berlin and Fountain. Clinton street —formerly Howard. Erie street—formerly Burnside. Fairview street. Franklin street—formerly Thomas, .Franklin, Harrison, Adams and Highland. Guernsey street—formerly county road, Carroll and High. Hamilton street—formerly Grant. 260 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. Harrison street—formerly German, Frankfort, Jefferson, Race and Adams. Holmes street—formerly Water and John in Fink's addition. Jefferson street—formerly Barnard and Center. Monroe street—formerly Sherman and Monroe. Noble street—formerly Chestnut and Noble. Seneca street—formerly the county road up Roedefer's Hill. Spruce street. Starke street. Trumbull street—formerly McPherson, Liberty, Trumbull, Carroll, Preble and Wood. Union street—formerly Water, Union and Grant. Washington street—formerly Sheridan and the old county road. Water street—formerly Water, Walnut and that part of Crescent, north of First. Wood street—formerly Wood and Elm. The following are the streets running east and west with their former names succeeding the dash : Boundary street. Central avenue—formerly Central avenue and county road. Crescent street. Fairmont street. Pine street. Quarry street. Vine street—formerly Pear and Vine. Seventeenth street—formerly Wilson. Eighteenth street—formerly Fink and Gravel. Nineteenth street—formerly Webster in Heatherington’s addition, extended to High. Twentieth street—formerly Webster and South alley, Twenty-first street—formerly Ohio. Twenty-second street—formerly High and Adams: Twenty-third street—formerly Main to West alley in South Bellaire. Twenty-fourth street—formerly South, Twenty-fifth street—formerly York. Twenty-sixth street—formerly Main in old Bellaire. Twenty-seventh street—formerly Pultney. Twenty-eighth street—formerly Howard, first Harris farm addition. Twenty-ninth street—formerly south Crescent. Thirtieth street. Thirty-first street—formerly First. Thirty-second street—formerly Second and Coal. Thirty-second and one-half street--formerly Summit. Thirty-third street—formerly Third and Short. Thirty-fourth and one-half street—formerly Ravine. Thirty-fifth street—formerly Fifth and Linen. Thirty-sixth street—formerly Sixth. Thirty-seventh street—formerly Seventh. Thirty-eighth street—formerly Prospect. Fortieth street—formerly County Road up Indian Run. Forty-second street—formerly Iron. Forty-third street—formerly Elizabeth. Forty-fourth street—formerly Courtland. Forty-fifth street—formerly Cummins. Forty-sixth street—formerly Bute. Forty-seventh street—formerly Columbia. Forty-eighth street. A MEMORABLE BLOW. In 1858 a most terrific wind storm visited the village. Roofs were blown off, chimneys demolished, and one house, the one now occupied by J. B. Smith, Esq., who was then building it, was blown down. Central Block was then being built. In front of the building a lot of large shutters were leaned against a post. These the wind played hovoc with, and Colonel Sullivan, who was watching from the door, ran out to save them. The combined weight of the shutters and the colonel was not enough resistance for the wind, and both were lifted from the ground. John Baggs, the plasterer of the building, ran out, and, caching hold of the colonel's coat tails, exclaimed: "Hold on, colonel ! you don't go up till you settle !" Other laughable authentic incidents are related that occurred during this storm. STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS FIRST WAR SPEECH. This eminent American statesman, in his life time, and whose ability and eloquence will not soon be forgotten, made his first war speech to the people of Bellaire. On his way from Washington city to his home, after nine or ten of the southern states had seceded from the Union and the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln had been witnessed by him' he stopped at Bellaire, and from the veranda of the Belmont Rouse, he made an eloquently touching and patriotic speech to a large, excited and enthusiastic crowd, who had assembled to hear him. Notice of a speech had been given only a few hours before. In that address he sustained Mr. Lincoln's call for 75,000 troops to defend the Federal capital and encouraged both parties to stand united in the defense of their country’s peril in the dark hour of threatening dissolution. This event took place a very short time before his death, having delivered his last speech in Chicago, his home, where he died after a short illness on the 3d of June, 1861, in the 48th year of his age. The last intelligible words uttered by him were a message to his sons, Robert and Stephen then at college, "to obey the laws and support the Constitution of the United States." However widely many differed with him on some questions, all acknowledged his very great ability' while very few, it any, seriously questioned either his integrity or patriotism. SINKING OF THE STEAMBOAT "STAR." The sinking of the steamboat " Star," at the river bridge' is well remembered by many of the citizens of Bellaire. It was in the winter of 1869, that the disastrous accident occurred to this vessel. The Star was on her downward trip with a tow of eleven barges of coal, and as it approached the tiers of massive stone work, which were then in course of building, and just peering above the level of the water, it struck one of the piers. At this instance the boat swung round, capsized and sunk, with a heavy loss on the part of its captain, who had a few days prior to this purchased it and was making his first trip. It is said that pilot Curly Alabach was at her wheel standing firm at his post until his boat was a complete wreck, and barely escaping with his life. The female cook in her attempt to recover the pier as the vessel was slowly going down was caught by it and injured so badly that she never recovered. She was taken to the hotel where she died a few days afterward. The engine, smoke stacks, and in fact all the heavy material was taken up opposite the National Glass Works. BELLAIRE'S MOST AUGMENTATIVE YEARS. Bellaire's most rapid improvement seemed to take place during the rebellion and for several years subsequent. The Central Ohio road, which terminated here, was completed in 1854, and in 1856 the river division of the C. & P. railroad was finished to this point, its terminus. This gave the town, which was then very small, communications from the west, north and east, and prove!. an incentive to trade and a center for business. Lots being offered for sale at prices to suit the times, and the times were most prosperous, bidding fair to so remain. These facts and the attractive and beautiful location, gave rise to quite an influx of people, who came with a purpose of making this their future home. In a few years Bellaire began to assume the proportions of a city. Soon the, manufacturing establishments were built and these drew the laborer. Capital and labor went hand in hand. Money was plenty, work easily gotten and labor well remunerated. Here the working class found themselves early able to buy lots and build homes. From 1860 to 1873, the village grew from a few buildings to its almost present proportion and population of about 8,000. But the panic of 1873 crippled industries to such an extent that the energies and business of the city were paralized and progress impeded ; although no failures occurred among the citizens, as was the result in other cities, until a few years later. But when it came it was felt more keenly than perhaps it would have been had it come when everybody was expecting it. Since the memorable panic there has been some little improvement. It has been steadier and perhaps more permanent. BANKING. The First National Bank of Bellaire was Organized January, 1871. It was originally a stock concern, and was styled the City Bank. This bank does only a legitimate banking business—receiving money on deposit, discounting first-class mercantile paper. making short-timed loans upon good, personal and collateral security, collecting with prompt remittance of proceeds, and dealing in foreign and domestic exchange. HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 261 Accounts of merchants and others solicited. Directors—James Kelsey, John T. Mercer, William Harvey, Jacob Maser, A. 0. Mellott, Herman Roemer, A. P. Tallman. President—John T. Mercer. Cashier—A. P. Tallman. The banking house of Hoge & Cowen was established in 1867, and changed to Hoge; Sheets & Co. in 1870. Cowen, Sheets & Co. became the firm name in 1876. In the winter of 1878 this bank failed, and the building was sold to Jacob Troll of St. Clairsville. BELLAIRE MARKET. The following shows the retail market price for the summer of 1879: APPLES-20c P peck. BACON—New' breakfast, 7 ; clear sides, 6 ; sugar cured hams, 9 @ 9½; ; shoulders, 5 @ 6. BEEF—Best cuts, 12; ; common, 8 ; Mutton, 10. BUTTER-12c. CHEESE—Ohio Goshen, 10 ; New York Goshen, 12; ; Sweitzer, 15. CRACKERS—Water, 5c; Soda, 6c; Oyster, 5c, EGGS-12c. FRUIT—Dried Apples' 4c ; peaches, 5c ; raisins, 9 @ 10c; prunes, 8c. GROCERIES—Sugar, New Orleans, 7c; crushed, 12c; A sugar, 9c; granulated, 10c; molasses, N. O., 50c; drips, 50c; coffee, Rio, 12½ @15c; roasted, 20c; Java, 25 @ 30c. HAY—Baled, 60c P hundred; by load, $7.50 P ton. HONEY-15@20c. OIL—Lard oil, 60@80c, miner's, 80c; linseed, 70@75c; Carbon, 15C. NAILS —10 to 60d, $2.40. POTATOES (NEW)- 20c P peek. RICE—Carolina, 8c. SALT—Ohio River. $1.50, P bbl. LARD-8c. TALLOW-9c. TEAS—BEST Y. H. & G. P. 30 @ 50c; black teas, 30 @ 50c. VINEGAR—Cider, 25c; wine, 30c. WINDOW GLASS-9x10, $2.00 ; 10x12, $2.40 ; 16x18, $2.60. MARKET HOUSE. The city the hall, was erected in 1875, in compliance to the ordinance establishing a city market. It was built by Richard Crozier, who is still the proprietor. It is located on corner of Twenty-fifth and South Belmont streets. It was used for a short time and then abandoned. It is now standing idle. CITY HALL—WARDS. The present city hall, police court and jail, was built in 1868, and the ordinance establishing the city market was passed July 28, 1875. On January 14, 1873, the new city was divided into three wards, and in 1875 was made into five. WATER WORKS. The water works were voted for by the citizens in 1872, and went into operation early in 1873. The capital, $100.000. The committee consisted of E. G. Morgan, A. W. Anderson, C. C. Kelly, George Kern, H. M. Ingler, H. Bute ; civil engineer, J. W. Yost; E. B. Winans was secretary. The work was completed so as to supply the city with water in March, 1873. The reservoir' whose capacity is some 3,000,000 gallons, is situated in Horn's addition, the water supply being the Ohio river. The main pipes are of wood, and made by Northwestern Gas and Water Pipe Company, Bay City, Michigan, The first assessment took place, for water tax, July, 1873. In April, 1874, an election for trustees to take charge of the works was held, and the following gentlemen were chosen : H. M. Ingler, W. D. Blackstone and J. W. Yost. H. G. Wilson was elected secretary. The present trustees are Edward Jones, president, H. M. Ingler and David Rankin. Secretary and superintendent, H. G. Wilson, who has served since 1874, and makes an efficient officer. BELLAIRE GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANY. This company organized with seventy stockholders, in May, 1873, with a capital of $25,000; built on Twenty-ninth, near South Belmont street, 50x140. These works were erected by R. G, Gordon, with the exception of the gas-holder made by Dirby & Fowler, Philadelphia City. E. G. Morgan, president ; Henry D. Meek, secretary and superintendent the latter serving until November, 1878, when he was succeeded by Cyrus H. Strahl. Capacity for manufacturing is 40,000 feet every twenty-four hours. They have eight miles of street mains. Daring the summer of 1879 they introduced the retort gas stove. The first gas was burned in December, 1873. THE BELLAIRE STREET RAILROAD. The Bellaire Street Railway Company organized with a capital stock of $50,000. It is a stock company of one thousand dollar shares. John Fink, Jacob Heatherington, John M. Criswell, Anthony Sheets, A. M. Anderson, Isaac Booth, T. A. Cummins, P. G. Schramm and G. W. Hoge, were the incorporators, June 1st, 1874. The first election for directors was held Saturday, May 8, 1875, in the school room on Gravel Hill, and resulted as follows : D. J. Smith, T. B. Litten, Patrick Curran, G. W. Hoge, E G. Morgan, Fred. Rodewig and Dr. C. E. Kurz. On the 10th of May following, a meeting of the directors took place in Hoge, Sheets & Co's bank, for the purpose of further organization. At this meeting G. W. Hoge was chosen president, Wells W. Benson secretary, and E. G. Morgan, treasurer. The track runs from Thirty-first street to Benson's Ferry, a distance of two miles and 66 feet. The first car ran over the track October 16, 1875. The cost of building the road was $21,700. They run four cars and use thirteen horses. The enterprise is a promising one, and is convenient to the citizens of Bellaire. The present officers and directors are as follows : President—Wm. K. Elson. Secretary of the Board—James Fitton. Secretary of the Company—E. G. Morgan. Manager and Treasurer—Christian Bippus. Directors—E. G. Morgan, Thos. Wilson, William K. Elson, Christian Bippus, James Fitton, A. McClain, Thos. A.. Cummins. MANUFACTURING INTERESTS. BELLAIRE NAIL WORKS. The first, important manufacturing establishment of this city is the Bellaire Nail Works. This large and enterprising establishment is located east of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh railroad, and is the largest manufacturing institution in the county. It was incorporated on the 14th of November, 1866. The following named gentlemen composed its charter : Thomas Harris, Jr., A. L. Witherald, James B. Gorrell, J. P. Harden, G. R. Leisure, Harman Hartenstein and H. L. Beck. The first President was D. R. Cowen. Secretary, B. J. Smith. The original capital was $155,000. It was organized under the name of the Bellaire Works. On the 12th of March it was changed to the Bellaire Nail Works. In 1872, the capital was increased to $375,000 by the addition of new stockholders, and then they erected the blast furnace in connection with the nail mill. Started with fifty nail machines, and run until 1874, when an addition of forty nail machines were made. The capacity is 200,000 kegs of nails per annum, and 15,000 tons of pig iron. Sales amount annually to $800,000. This establishment gives employment to four hundred hands, and their monthly pay roll averages $25,000. Present Board of Directors : President, J. R. McCortney; H. L. Beck, H. Hartenstein, A. Weidebusch, R. T. Devries, Ed. Jones, Jr., E. Oglebay. Secretary—A. D. Hilborn. Salesman—James Wilson. BELLAIRE GOBLET WORKS. Among the leading manufacturing establishments of the city of Bellaire is found the Bellaire Goblet Company, which is a joint stock company organized in the fall of 1876, by Messrs. E. G. Morgan, C. H. Over, Henry Carr, John Robinson, M. L. Blackburn and W. A. Gorby. Amount of capital, $40,000. This company manufactures nothing hut goblets, and their capacity for making is about six hundred dozen per day. One furnace is used. These works give employment to about one hundred hands. The officers are: President, E. G. Morgan ; A. W, 262 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. Gorby, Secretary and Treasurer ; C. H. Over' Manager. Works located on south side Thirty-sixth, between Monroe and Noble streets. The company leased the old Ohio Lamp Chimney Manufactory on the south side of the creek in March, 1879, and now controls and runs that establishment in the interest of the Bellaire Goblet Company' manufacturing a different style and quality of work. The capacity of this factory is (one furnace) about six hundred dozen per day. Some fifty hands are employed here. The weekly pay roll of this company is about fifteen hundred dollars. BARON MANUFACTURING COMPANY'S WORKS. Among the most prosperous manufacturing institutions of Bellaire is the Baron Manufacturing Company, which was incorporated October 15, 1871. The names of the incorporators are as follows : C. S. S. Baron (in honor of whom the works were named), John T. Mercer, A. P. Tallman, A. L. Baron, A. W. Anderson, A. O. Mellott, M. W. Junkins. This is a joint stock company, with an original capital of $30,000. It was increased by the earnings of the company from time to time to $60,000. The object of this company when first started was to manufacture an improved railroad lantern, but they extended and enlarged their capacity by adding machinery until now they manufacture a full line of pressed tinware. They employ on an average about one hundred hands. Annual products, $150,000. Monthly expenditure for hands over $2,500. Present officers—John T. Mercer, President ; C. H. Tallman, Secretary and Treasurer C. S. S. Baron, Superintendent. B. & O. R. R. REPAIR SHOPS. Among other interests of Bellaire city is the repair shops of B. & O. R. R. Co. These shops are used principally for repairing the machinery running on the Central Ohio division of the B. & 0, railroad. These shops, including those employed on the yards, station, &c., give employment to about two hundred men, with a monthly pay roll (on an average) of $5,000. NATIONAL GLASS WORKS. On the 23d day of December, 1869, the National Glass Manufacturing company's charter was issued to James Dalzell, Francis Eckles, Robert Crangle, James Crangle and William Morgan. They erected their establishment at the junction of Twenty-second and Union streets. It was run a few years then changed to the National Glass Manufacturing Company, and operated as a stock company until July, 1877. It was then sold to the present proprietors, Rodefer Bros., which firm has since been engaged in the manufacture of lamp chimneys' lanterns, globes, &c. Have one ten-pot furnace. Employ about 125 men. Capital invested, $35,000. Annual products, $80'000. Monthly pay roll, over $4,000. BELLAIRE CEMENT WORKS. This establishment is situated on Little McMahon's creek, Pultney township, one mile and a half south of Bellaire. Was built in 1871 by Poorman & Booth, who operated it about a year, when it passed into the hands of Isaac Booth & Sons, since which time the works have been run by the latter firm. Capacity for manufacturing is from 10,000 to 12,000 barrels per year. They employ from ten to fifteen men. The. works are in charge of George L. Phillips, who is manager. BELLAIRE IMPLEMENT AND MACHINE WORKS, Under a joint stock company, Colonel C. L. Poorman, President, H. A. Waddell, Secretary, was organized, November, 1870, with a capital stock of $100,000. The largest amount of paid in stock $42,000. Cost of grounds, buildings and machinery $72,000, and material of all kinds about $20,000. The establishment manufactured agricultural machinery and rapidly developed trade that would have been profitable, but for the heavy interest, expense, and large cost of opening up a trade. The company, unable to increase its capital stock, or keep its large debt afloat, was compelled to make an assignment early in 1872. About the 1st of June, 1873, the buildings and machinery were purchased by Anthony Sheets, A. W. Anderson, A. Smith, H. Bute, Isaac Booth, and C. L. Poorman, who were endorsers for the company for over $40,000. A new company was organized, called the Bellaire Manufacturing Company, which took possession of and continued the same business, and, unfortunately on the same principle, that of borrowing the money necessary to carry it on. The reputation of the machinery manufactured at this establishment grew rapidly in favor and the business increased. Sales, however, had to be made largely on credit, and the company increased its loans until its indebtedness amounted to about $90,000. In the mean time the continued depression in the general business of the country, and repeated failures entailing loss upon money lenders, made them anxious to curtail loans, and when the bonds of the company for $30,000 matured on the 1st of September, 1878, they were compelled to succumb, and the proprietors transferred all their effects to assignees for the benefit of their creditors. The six persons named above suffered more than all others and have complained less than those who lost less. BELLAIRE WINDOW GLASS WORKS. This extensive establishment is situated on the corner of Nineteenth and Union . The organization of this company was effected in 1872 under state charter. The enterprise was founded by S. M. Sheets and J. W. Sanders. Amount of original capital stock was $60,000. They employ about 60 men. Nothing but window glass is manufactured here. Four thousand boxes are made per month. Annual product $150,000. Monthly pay roll $4,000. Present officers : S. W. Sheets, President. J. W. Sanders, Secretary. James Heburn, Manager. STAR GLASS WORKS. In 1872, Colonel Sullivan erected the Star Glass. Works. It was run until 1875, when it suspended owing to the panic of 1873. The capital invested was $12,000. The class of ware manufactured was mostly lamp chimneys. Whilst in operation they gave employment to about eighty bands. In 1879, the building was consumed by fire. BARNHILL BOILER AND SHEET IRON WORKS. In September 1875, Mr. J. B. Barnhill started the boiler and sheet iron works. He rented the building owned by Sullivan, Barnard & Cowen, on the east side of Union street, opposite the Belmont House and near the C. & P. depot. Capital invested, $1,500. He manufactures boilers, &c., giving employment to about fourteen hands. Monthly pay roll is about $400. A nnual products $8,000. LIMESTONE QUARRY. Including the many and varied business interests of Bellaire is A. McLain's limestone quarry, which is located on Indian run, about a mile west of the city. Mr. Mee. has adopted a new method of quarrying for limestone. He has opened a tunnel and works it on the same plan of a coal bank. This quarry runs about six feet of first quality of stone underlying the entire hill. For the last six years he has had the contract for supplying the furnace connected with the Bellaire nail works, with limestone, which consumes from fourteen to fifteen thousand tons per year. This quarry gives employment to twenty-five men. The monthly pay roll exceeds $1,000. COAL MINING. Coal mining, which was made the first feature of business at this point, is still continued with great success. The coal trade has been a lucrative one. From 1830, or perhaps earlier, to the present time, this business has been prominent amongst the other branches of trade. For a number of years it was the only business here. Thousands upon thousands of tons have been dug from the almost inexhaustable supply which lies under the immediate hills west of the city, and shipped to other points along the river. The coal is easily mined, is of excellent quality, and the facilities for shipping are unsurpassed, naturally or artificially. The mines which are now being operated are as follows Heatherington's Coal, Works, Morgan's Coal Works' Kelly's Coal Works, Henry's Coal Works, Barnard's coal Works' and Sullivan's Coal Works. These employ in the aggregate about $500,000 capital, and give work to from three hundred to five hundred laborers. The amount paid to employes is about $10'000 per month. The first gentleman in this business was Captain Fink. Re was followed by George and Richard Sutton, Evan Lake, Jacob HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JFEFERSON COUNTIES - 263 Heatherington, Thomas, Williams, T. A. Horn and others. Of these pioneer coal dealers, Jacob Heatherington still. continues in the business. While all these works are among Bellaire 's leading business enterprises, the BELMONT COAL WORKS. owned by Mr. Heatherington, are of special commercial importance. They are located on the river, and have a "drop chute," by which barges, steamboats and deck-boats are loaded. The capacity of this mine is from four thousand to six thousand bushels of lump and nut coal per day. The main drift is a half a mile in length, and the boundary two miles. From seventy to eighty men are now employed here. Large amounts of coal are shipped down the river, and over the Bellaire and Southwestern railway. Mr. Heatherington also operates another mine, from which he supplies several glass works and city. trade. LUMBER DEALERS. In the spring of 1854, A. W. Anderson started in the lumber: business on the present site of the mill formerly known as Bute's. He remained in the lumber business until 1870. In 1866 he began the manufacture of doors and sash in connection, at which time he took into partnership Alexander Dubois. He was really the pioneer lumberman in Bellaire. In the spring. of 1870, he sold his interest to C. W. Carroll. The firm. name then changed from Anderson & Dubois to Dubois & Carroll. The senior partner remained in but a short time, when he sold to Julius Armstrong. The firm was then Carrol, Armstrong & Co. After the death of J. W. Carroll, the firm changed to Armstrong & Smith. In the meantime Dubois continued in the business independently until his death in 1875. He was succeeded by John Dubois, who still carries on the business. FLOURING MILLS. The pioneer flouring. mill of this city was erected by the Ault Brothers in 1868. It has been successfully operated by these gentlemen ever since. The mill was purchased by this firm from parties in or near Glencoe, where it was originally built. This point being more desirable, it was torn down and removed here and rebuilt. It has been doing a good business and is a reputable grist mill. The second flouring mill was built by Bute & Dunlap, near the B. & S. W. R. R. depot, in 1873, at a cost of $19,000, and is a substantial brick building 42x80 feet, three stories high. The firm of Bute & Dunlap failed. Owing to the financial depression which occurred about this time, they were unable to meet their demands and an assignment was made a couple of years ago. In 1879, the present firm of Hill, Stewart & Ward purchased the mill property and are now operating it. HISTORY OF THE CENTRAL OHIO RAILROAD The charter of the Central Ohio Railroad Company was enacted by the General Assemby of Ohio on the 8th of February, 1848; the corporators named in the act being Robert Neil, Samuel Medary, Joel Buttles, Joseph Ridgeway and Bela Latham of the county of Franklin ; David Smith, Daniel Duncan, Adam Seymour, Israel Dille, Albert Sherwood, Nathaniel B. Hogg' Levi J. Haughey, Jacob Glessner, George W. Penny, Jonathan Taylor, A. P. Prichard and Wickliff Condit of the county of Licking ; James Baguet, Robert Mitchel, Daniel Brush, John Hamm, Solomon Sturges, Richard Stillwell, Daniel Converse, Levi Claypool and Solomon Woods of the county of Muskingum. The corporation was vested with the right to construct a railroad with single or double track, commencing at Columbus ; thence by the towns of Newark and Zanesville, to such point on the Ohio river as the directors might select. It was also authorized to extend its road to the line which divides the states of Ohio and Indiana whenever the directors might deem it expedient. The capital stock of the company was fixed at $1,500,000, with the privilege of increasing to $2,500,000 if necessary. Shares $50 each. Stock books were duly opened and $10,000—the amount required by law to be subscribed before organization--having been subscribed, an election of thirteen directors was held. Ten of the whole number, viz-: Solomon Sturges, John Hamm, William Dennison, Jr., George James, Albert Sherwood, Charles B. Goddard, Daniel Marble, Levi Claypool, Daniel Brush and. Stephen R. Hosmer being duly qualified proceeded to elect Solomon Sturges, President ; Daniel Brush, Treasurer ; and David H. Lyman, Secretary. The first meeting and organization took place at Newark, Ohio, on the 26th of August, 1847. . At this meeting the president was authorized to employ suitable engineers to survey, a route from Columbus, by Newark and Zanesville, to a point on the Ohio river opposite the city Of Wheeling. Also, as the stock subscribed was insufficient to meet the expense of the proposed surveys, the president was directed to apply to the cities of Zanesville, Newark and Columbus for contributions, which should be applied to their credit on stock subscriptions if they should thereafter become stockholders. This was a very feeble beginning for an enterprise intended to be one of the through lines of the state, and likely, from the character of the country, to cost, millions'—the topography of the route for about half the distance being of greater ruggedness than that of any road then undertaken i n the state. Nearly a year having elapsed without addition to the stock of the Company, it was proposed to apply for municipal subscriptions—town and county—to interests lying along the proposed route ; but at that time so little was known of the beneficial influence of railroads, and so timidly apprehensive were the people as to debt and taxation, that much difficulty was anticipated in the obtainment of a ratifying vote, The county of Muskingum with 35,000 population and $12,000,000 of taxables was modestly-asked for $60,000; and the city of Zanesville, with $2,000,000 of taxables and 8,000 population, was solicited for $30,000 of stock, for which it was proposed they should issue ten year bonds. Upon the publication of carefully collected statistics and .a thorough canvass of the county and city, the two subscriptions were authorized. The sums first applied for were increased to about double the amount on a second vote, and afterwards largely increased, upon extension of the line eastwardly from Zanesville to the Ohio river. The second election of Directors was held on the 22d day of August, 1848 ; at which time there were elected Lewis Claypool, Israel Dille, A. Sherwood, R. McCoy, Wm. Dennison, Jr., James Raguet, John Hamm. Solomon Sturges, Daniel Brush, Charles B. Goddard, S. R. Homer and John H. Sullivan. The organization was postponed, in consequence of the absence of the last, named director' till his return on the 2d of September following' when Mr. Sullivan was elected President, Daniel Brush, Treasurer, and Israel Dille, Secretary. This Board was understood to be committed to an active prosecution of the work. From this time forward the road was pushed as fast as means could be procured, although under many discouragements and embarrassments ; being opened from Zanesville to Newark in 1849—from Newark to Columbus in 1850. The line from Zanesville to Columbus was called the "Western Division." The company then proceeding with the "Eastern :Division" opened the road from Zanesville to Cambridge in 1853 and from Cambridge to the Ohio river in November, 1854. The road having thus been opened through from Columbus to Bellaire, on the Ohio river, a distance of one hundred and thirty-seven miles, under the management of Mr. Sullivan, he closed his connection with the enterprise in August, 1855. Mr. Fassett, of New York, was elected to succeed hint.. After two or three years of service, Mr. Fassett retired, and was succeeded by Mr. H. J. Jewett, who after being receiver for the road was elected its President and President of the company as re-organized, and still remains such. The company was re-organized under vote of its stockholders and creditors on the 1st of November, 1865. The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company took possession of the Central Ohio Railroad on the 1st of December, 1866, as lessee of the road. The bridge across the Ohio river at Bellaire by contract between the two companies, was erected at the joint expense of the two, in the ratio of two-thirds by the B. & O. and one-third by the C. O. Co. This contract was ratified and confirmed by the Central Ohio R. R. Co. as reorganized. The Central Ohio R. R. Co. sold to the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis R. R. Co. an undivided half of the line between Newark and Columbus and it is now worked by the two interests joint- 264 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. For this interest the Pittsburgh, Columbus & Cincinnati R. R. Co. redeemed the third ninety year bonds of the Central Ohio .R. R. Co., amounting to $800,000. Without referring to the treasurer's books and depending upon memory, we may say that the road cost $7,000,000, for which the Company had but $1,600,000 of capital stock subscribed. The stock and debt after $800,000 was extinguished by the sale to the P. C, & St. Louis R. R. Co. were scaled down to about $5,500,000, 'which represents the capital upon which dividends are now declared. THE BRIDGE OVER THE OHIO One of the most notable features of Bellaire is the extensive railroad bridge which spans the Ohio. It is a fine piece of architectural work. It was commenced in 1865 and completed in 1876 at a cost of a million and a quarter dollars. Its length, including the arcade and excluding the approaches, measures three-quarters off mile. The grade of the approaches and excavations are sixty feet to the mile. The two spans over the navigable portion of the river measures : the western 300 feet and the eastern 400. The masonry is of the best description and contains 30'000 cubic yards. It was constructed at the joint expense of the Central Ohio and the Baltimore roads, as mention- ed on the preceding page. The chief engineer was J. L. Randolph. BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD STOCK YARDS. These yards are located at Bellaire now. They were built in the early history of :stock shipping by railroad, above Bogg's run in about 1854, but removed to this place in 1869, and rented from the company by John Christal and run by him. The yards are conveniently situated for loading, unloading, resting, feeding and watering stock. Twenty-four hours from Baltimore and thirty-two from Chicago, thus affording facilities unsurpassed by any yards between the sea-board cities and the great west. Also offers great advantages for local trade. They are in charge of j. R. Parnell. Capacity of yards, about 'seventy-five ear loads. BELLAIRE AND SOUTHWESTERN RAILROAD. It is reasonable to expect that the construction of a railroad through as fine and wealthy a district as the one in which the Bellaire and Southwestern road will occupy when .completed, would be a success.. Already it has over-reached the sanguine expectation. The road is designed to go through Belmont, Monroe, Washington and Athens. counties. The places of termini of this road are to be Bellaire and Athens. The company which is known as time " Bellaire and Southwestern Railway Company" was organized in 1875. The first division is from Bellaire to Woodsfield, in Monroe county, a distance of forty-two miles. The capital stock subscribed in 1876 was $240,060. The road, after being surveyed by the chief engineer to Woods field, was estimated to cost, for construction, $12,000 per mile ; but on account of the shrinkage in the cost of labor, iron and supplies, in connection with the rigid and economical management of the work, when entirely completed and equipped for business, will not exceed $10;000 per mile. There are twenty-nine miles of track laid. The road-bed is nearly completed on the first division. The bridging and trestling is also approaching completion. Twenty-nine miles of track. with the necessary sidings is being operated with an equipment of one sixteen-ton and one twenty-ton. locomotive, two passenger coaches, one box car and twenty-four flat cars. Two Months, it is thought, will complete the road to Woodsfield. OFFICERS FOR 1879-80. At the annual meeting of thee stockholders of this company, held at the office of the same, in Bellaire, Ohio, on the 8th of October, 1879, the organization of the company was made as follows : President—S. L. Mooney Vice President—Wm. M. Armstrong. Treasurer—A. P Tallman. Secretary—A. W. Anderson. Executive Committee—S. L. Mooney, A. W. Anderson, Wm. M. Armstrong, W. T. Morris, A. H. , Caldwell, A. P. Tallman and George Henry. Directors-S. L. Mooney, W.   Morris, Michael Mettler, Christian Weber, Dr. A. B. Covert; Henry Miller, John Keyser, A. H. Caldwell, William M. Armstrong, Alexander Armstrong, Jacob Heatherington, A. W. Anderson, A. P. Tallman, William G. Barnard, George Henry. STATIONS ON THE ROAD. The following is a list of the stations from Bellaire to Woodsfield : Bellaire, Shady Side, Ambler's, Mapleton, Irwin's, Bethel, Jacobsburg Kelsey's, Becket's, Captina, Armstrong's Mills' Caldwell, Crabapple, Beallsville, Hutchinson, Jerusalem, Adair, Ozark, Shoemaker, Slimchance, Woodsfield, A DESCRIPTION OF THE LINE. The following article from the Wheeling Intelligences, giving an account of an excursion over the line from Bellaire to Armstrong's Mills, in the summer of 1879, contains such a graphic description of this road that we copy it in this connection. The editor, A., W. Campbell, Esq., was one of the party of excursionists: "A number of invited guests from this city, Bridgeport and Bellaire made an excursion over the Bellaire and Southwestern Narrow-Gauge as far as. Armstrong's Mills, half way to Woods-field, twenty-one miles from Bellaire. * * * * * * In all there were about fifty persons on the two ears constituting the train, the expedition being in personal charge of President Mooney. One of the cars, a gondola, fitted up with an awning over it (the sides being left open) and plentifully supplied with chairs, was the favorite car on the part of those who desired plenty of air and a good view, of the country. At 10:30 A. M. the train left the famous State Tobaaco Warehouse depot, having in the lead the pioneer locomotive of the line—the Woodsfield—which has not missed a day in its nearly two years service. And this reference to its long service reminds us that .the Bellaire and Southwestern. road has not had a mushroom growth by any means, but has progressed slowly and somewhat painfully as far as it has been built. Its experience, however, in this particular, is one of many instances of the same kind. The great New York Central road was built slowly and by piecemeal, under half a dozen different names. It is now nearly two years since the B. & S. W. road was built to Wegee, and about four years since it was organized as a company. According to all appearances, however, it has acquired an accelerated motion that will carry it through to Woodsfield to which place it is graded, during this present year. "There are eleven Stations Oil the road from Bellaire to Armstrong's Mills' including those two points. * * * * These stations ale, of Course, close together, two miles being the longest distance between any two of them, and some of .them being only half a mile apart. In addition, the cars stop anywhere: wherever the train is hailed. The B. & S. W. is a model local .road in this respect. It makes its money this way, and just now it is making a great deal of it, we are glad to say. Its receipts are averaging $50 per day, while its running expenses are but $7. On the 4th of July its receipts were $500. At every step of its progress its earnings have increased, and by the time it reaches Woodsfield they are expected to net $110 per day, or counting 312 -working days, $34,320 per year, which amount will pay the interest on $240,000 of the six per cent. bonds and leave $19,920 of a surplus. "The excursionists were impressed with the excellence of the territory which the road traverses. They all got out of the cars .at the top of the ridge at Grand View, -near Jacobsburg, to take a look at the vast extent of rich and highly cultivated country that met their eyes in every direction. They had the testimony of Deacon Stone that no such country was to be seen in Palestine (and he has recently been there), and hence we have no doubt that the prospect far exceeded that of Moses from the top of Pisgah when he looked upon the land that flowed with milk and honey beyond 'the Jordan. In fact, we judged from the Deacon's remarks that if he owned Belmont county he would not swap it for two Palestines. Certainly it was a sight worth seeing to look upon such an immense area of beautiful and highly cultivated country as was visible from that summit. And to a railroad man's eye, the fact that 'it was all divided off into small farms, and was thickly studded with fields of golden grain, waving corn, and green pastures, and that sheep and cattle could be seen upon " a thousand hills," lent a peculiar charm to the scene. " Here, said he, is the country from which this narrow-guage is to draw trade and travel. Mr. Mooney claims that the line from the Ohio river to the Muskingum is the best unoccupied territory for a railroad in the state of Ohio, arid. we think it quite likely that he is correct. By reference to the statistical report of HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 265 the Secretary of State of Ohio for 1877, we find that the gross movable tonnage, almost entirely agricultural, of the territory tributary to the first division of the B. & S. W. road, comprising one-fourth of Belmont, four-fifths of Monroe, and one-fourth of Noble county, aggregate annually two hundred million pounds, or one thousand tons.. if we take of this amount only one-fifth, or say 20,000 tons, and add to this the lumber, timber, building and limestone, (which last item, by the way, promises to become important one over this road), and to this again add the coal and miscellaneous merchandise that the people require in exchange for their products, and to this again add the passenger travel, together with mails and express' we will have some idea of the traffic that seems in store for this road when it is completed. " Speaking of limestone, the attention of the excursionists was several times called to the amount of it immediately on the line of the road. Limestone is in active demand at the furnaces on both sides of the river at Bellaire and Wheeling at eighty cents per ton' and the railroad company expect to load their coal cars with it on their return trips, the same as the C. & P. road loads its coal cars from the lake with return cargoes of ore. "The ride to Armstrong's Mills occupied about two hours: There was no hurry and the company journeyed along at a very moderate rate of speed. There was. plenty of time to inspect the track, the trestle work, the cuts, fills, grades and curvatures, and comment on their character. From Jacobsburgh down to Captina creek the four-mile grade descends at the rate of 132 feet to the mile. There is a corresponding three mile grade east of Jacobsburgh. And yet eight car loads of passengers (densely Packed) were hauled up this grade on the 4th of July without difficulty by the " Beallsville," the new Mogul engine recently purchased. She daily hauls the heavily loaded gravel trait, up the same grade. This shows how steep an ascent is possible on a narrow gauge, and therefore how economical they can be managed as compared with the standard gauge. The seventeen mile grade on the Baltimore and Ohio road, up the mountains, is only 110 feet to the mile, and it takes two engines to move a train of seventeen cars up that grade. " The excursion arrived at Armstrong's Mills at half past twelve, and found it quite an animated looking place. And _what is more, they found that a bountiful picnic collation had been spread for them in the spacious hall over Armstrong's new brick store. The hall is used by the Odd Fellows, and is, for a country place, large and well fitted up. The table stretched from one end of the hall to the other, and the host of the Globe House, at Bellaire, who was the eaterer in charge of the feast, served up the collation, including berries and cream for dessert in very creditable style. The milk and butter could not be surpassed, and reminded us of the milk and butter that hung in, the well before the days of oleo-margarine. "The company were introduced to the Tycoon of the settlement, Mr. Alexander Armstrong, who has merchandised at this point since 1833, and whose father was a miller' merchant and farmer here before him. The Armstrongs are the reigning dynasty in that part of Belmont, and one of them. Dr. Armstrong, lately represented the county in the Legislature. Ilene they have lived and waxed fat ; accumulated much good land, many shekels' especially Mr. Alexander Armstrong, who in his old days has built himself a very handsome and spacious brick residence near the banks of the classic Captina, which here flows with a majestic sweep towards the Ohio, ten miles distant. His country store is a busy sort of a place, and in the way of variety is equal to a well-stocked museum, having everything for sale from "pins, pills and plow points" up to "coffee, curly-ques and coffins." "The "Mills" have long been an importarbt point on Captina. Tobacco and grain have been shipped from herein large quantities to Powhatan, and thence by river to the various markets up and down the river. As an illustration of the change the railroad will bring to the farmers here, we note the fact that in 1875 Mr. William Armstrong sold forty tons of hay for delivery at Bellaire' at $25 per ton. It cost him $7 per ton to haul it to Powhatan and ship it by boat to Bellaire, leaving him only $18 net. The railroad would have carried it for him at $1 50 to $2 per ton. It formerly cost about $3 per hogshead to ship tobacco to Bellaire or Wheeling. Now it is carried to Bellaire for one dollar, escaping' in addition, a great deal of rough handling. "Every excursion has to have its episode, as a matter of Course, and the episode of this excursion was a visit to Raven's Rock, about two miles this side of the Mills. The creek being 33-B. & J. Coe. up considerably, on account of the recent rains, a conveyance had been provided to take the excursionists across to see the wonderful rock. They were taken over, half a dozen at a load, to the extent of about two-thirds of the whole number. We observed that those who had been there before did not go this time. Next time we will be among those who have been there before, and will imitate their example. We like to visit rocks that are at least as accessible as the crags among which the wild chamois of the Alps pick their way, but when it comes to exploring glens down which the mountain torrent rushes "tumultuously to the sea," and then leaving the rocky and slippery and very romantic and somewhat damp exploration for a perpendicular ascent up a primeval formation of the tertiary period, there will have to be something more than a rock at the end of the trip to compensate us. "At a little after six o'clock in the evening the train returned safe and sound to Bellaire, and everybody, as they alighted from the cars, united in saying that they had a very delightful excursion, and in wishing the Bellaire and Southwestern Narrow Gauge all sorts of good luck in the future." SCHOOLS. The educational facilities of Bellaire are excellent. In fact, from a very early day in its history the educational interest as well as the religions training attracted the deepest attention. The enterprising citizens of the place recognized this fact, that, where moral and religious training was inculcated, there abounded law and order. In the fall of 1839, a small school building of frame was erected for school purposes on Pultney street, next door to the first M. E. church. The building is still standing and occupied by A. Rinker as a residence, who refitted and enlarged it. Among the first teachers were a Jacob Davis, -- Lions, Blackford, Vincent Milligan, Thomas Munnell, (who occasionally preached to the Disciples) and Richard Merrill. The first move of the school house was to the corner of Belmont, and Fifth, now Thirty-fifth streets. In 1860 the school board purchased the building which had been built by the firm of Russell, Marvin & Richardson, in 1856, for a shoe factory. School was conducted in that building until 1871, when the elegant and commanding union school building was completed. This one stands immediately west of the site of the old one, on the same square. W. J. Yost was the architect. The dimensions of this structure are 85x90 , is three stories high, with mansard roof, tower and town clock. The cost, independent of furniture, was $21,000. The school levy made for 1870 was $9,317.94. The first faculty in 1871, was: Principal - R. S. Page ; Misses J. Greenlee, M. B. Gorby, A. Birdsong, M. Crotty, Mrs. M. F. Horton, Misses A. Cunningham, E. Evans, E. S. Martin. The school board at that time was composed of the following gentlemen : E. G. Morgan, President; J. G. Jennings, Secretary; Josephus Gorby, Charles Henry, John Archer, John S. Crotty. The branches taught in this building are as follows: Grammar, arithmetic, algebra, book-keeping, botany, physiology, philosophy, chemistry, geometry, trigonometry, rhetoric and Latin. In 1862, there were but three teachers employed and the enrollment did not exceed one hundred and fifty. The present board of directors are: President, James B. Dar- rah; Secretary, Mitchell Magall, E. G. Morgan, J. B. Smith, Dr. McCulloch and Frederick Rodewig. This board has employed the following teachers for 1879-80: First Ward—Room No. 1, Miss Ella Gorby ; No. 2, Miss Jennie McGee; No. 3, Miss Maggie Eagan ; No. 4, Geo. Wilson. Second Ward—Room No. 1, Miss Alice Rankin ; No. 2, Miss Em ma Martin. Fourth Ward—Room No. 1, Miss Alie Fitton ; No. 2, Miss Mary B. Giffin ; No. 3, Miss Anna Kirkpatrick ; No. 4, Miss Lucy Anderson ; No. 5, Miss Violet G. Imes; No. 6, Miss Bell S. Beazle; No. 7, Miss Alice Cunningham; No. 8, Miss Mary B. Gorby Fifth Ward—Room No. 1, not elected at this writing; No. 2' Miss Ada Jones ; .No. 3, Miss Sally Kirkpatrick; No.. 4, Miss Mary Crotty. Colored School—John F. Hamilton. The following shows the numeration of the city for school age : In 1870, there were 1,141 ; in 1872, 1,906 ; in 1873. 1,977 ; in 1874, 2,339 ; in 1875, 2,650; in 1876, 2,871; in 1877, 2,930; in 1878, 2,870, 266 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. CHURCHES. HISTORY OF THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. On the 27th day of August, 1860, a committee of the Presbytery of .St. Clairsville, consisting of Revs, S. Mitchell and John Moffat, together with Ruling Elders Nelson, Thaker and Wm. Workman, met and organized this church, which consisted of forty-one members, all from the Presbyterian church of Rock hill. At the same time John S. Cratty, John M: Milligan and A. M.. Anderson were chosen and installed Ruling Elders.. At the same time the church was organized and incorporated under the statutes of Ohio as the First Presbyterian church of Bellaire. The year previous to. the organization, the people thus organized, erected a house of worship 40x64 feet, of brick, which becoming too small for the congregation a second house of worship was erected on the site of the former in the year 1871, which presents a fine appearance. It is 112x64 feet, The auditorium is 78x48 feet and 34 feet high. On the lower floor the main room is 48x54 feet, with two bible- class and a primary class room. The church has had three pastors, .Rev. John Moffat, D, D., from January, 1861., till February, 1863; Rev. J. D. Fitzgerald, from April, 1864, till .February, '1866; and Rev. Wm. Gaston, present pastor, from July, 1866. During the thirteen years of the present pastorate over seven hundred have been added to the church. The present membership is four hundred and twenty-four, The present eldership of the church is John S. Crafty, A.. W. Anderson and A. Sheets, with Dr. J. G. McCollough, Dr. Kurtz, D. W. Cooper, Fred, H. Strong and H. C. Over, elders elect. The Sabbath School of this church is in a highly flourishing condition, with an enrollment of 450 scholars. A. W. Anderson, superintendent.' and A. Richardson, assistant. Also a Mission school of 200 scholars, with Dr. J. G. McCollough as superintendent and G. D. Heatherington as assistant, TRINITY EPISCOPAL CHAPEL. Previous to 1872 there were only two or three members of the Episcopal Church in Bellaire. Up to that. year only a few irregular services had been held— the very first by the Rev. J, K. Rodgers, of .Steubenville, and later, a few by the Rev. Mr. Coleman, of East Liverpool. The Rev. John Long, of Wellsville, organized this mission under the name of "Trinity Mission, Bellaire," March, 1872. The building which was used for the next six years and ten months was originally a cabinet maker's shop. It was leased for some years at an annual rent of $144. The building was remodeled' painted and plastered at -a cost of $280 50. This building is centrally located, being at the, corner of Thirty-sixth and Belmont streets. When the mission was organized in March, 1872, eight communicants were enrolled; and five were confirmed the following June, thirteen in all. Mr. Long made two visits a month, and resigned his charge in March, 1873. Rev. T. O. Tongue, of Moundsville, held services from April to September, 1873, on Sunday afternoons. Rev. Jacob .Rambo took charge of the missions on October, 1873, and has resided in the city. A good Sunday-school has been kept up since the mission was organized. Also for several years an afternoon adult Bible Class, a Ladies' Missionary Society, and a Ladies' Sewing Circle have been maintained. The minister has given two services on alternate Sundays to this mission and held a service on every Wednesday evening. A lot was bought in the summer of 1878, on Noble street, north of Indian Run. .During the following fall a neat wooden building was erected upon the lot. The audience room is 25x45 feet, with a tower in front nine feet square, and a recess chancel 8x14 feet. The style is modified Gothic, with grained glass windows trimmed with stained glass. A handsome window a memorial of the late Rev. Edward Dormsbery, of Media, Pa., adorns the chancel and is of stained glass. The cost of the lot was $650 and of the building about $1,400. A small debt remains on the building, owing principally, to the loss of funds by the failure of a bank. Our members and fellow-citizens gave liberally towards the building. Also, many churches in Ohio, and some churches and Sunday-schools in the East. Notwithstanding the death and, removal of Many communicants, we still have forty-eight now, July, 1879. Five adults and forty-seven children have been baptized. We opened our new church the first Sunday in January, 1879: During the first four months in the new church the number of Sunday-school scholars in attendance averaged one hundred and the number of teachers thirteen. The morning congregations were fair. Our oldest member is Col. Thomas H. Morris. Our Church Committee are as follows, viz: Morris V. Miller, President; Jas. M. Rees, Thomas H. Morris, Geo. Henry, John A. Gallagher, Treasurer, Wm. Bamford. Many names of zealous and liberal members of both sexes' and also of kind friends who are not yet members, might be given' but space will not permit. Ours is a work of faith and labor of love. !Heed to the Lord bath helped us." We look to Him for future guidance. J. RAMBO, Pastor. HISTORY OF THE DISCIPLES OF CHRIST IN BELLAIRE, OHIO. BY B. S. DEAN. The people whom this sketch represents choose to be known simply as Disciples or Christians ; or, in the organic sense, as a Church of Christ. The history of the church in Bellaire divides itself naturally into four periods, viz : 1. The period. prior to organizatian : (1832-40). 2. The period from the formal organization to the building of the first house of worship: (1840-46).. 3. The period from the building of the first to the building of the second church edifice : (1848-1870.) 4. The period from the completion of the second house to the present time: (1870-1879). . I. The most fascinating historic periods are often the most difficult to treat properly for. the want of sufficient and accurate information. No doubt their very fascination is heightened by the veil. of obscurity that half conceals them. The history of the church in. Bellaire comprises part of an extended religion; movement, inaugurated. in the first quarter of this century by the writing's and preaching of Thomas and Alexander Campbell, Walter Scott and others. It is foreign to the purpose of this sketch even if its necessary brevity did not forbid it, to give any particular account of that movement. It is enough to say that it was Inspired bya profound reverence for the Word of God as the sole and sufficient rule of religions faith and practice; that it sought the union of God's divided and warring people on that divine foundation ; that, in the progress of, half a century it has gathered on that simple basis a people now numbering more than half a million communicants; and that, in the mean time, the whole protestant world has made long strides toward the main ends proposed by the Campbells and their co-workers. Although the church in Bellaire was by no means one of the earliest, yet its roots go down very near the beginnings of that movement. So far as .can now be ascertained, James Martin and his wife, Nancy Martin, were the first Disciples. in the vicinity of Bellaire. When or where they became such is not known. They moved here about the spring of 1832, and settled on the hill on the spot of ground now owned and occupied by Herman Hardenstein. There was a little congregation of Disciples at Bridgeport and one in Wheeling. He soon began to hold meetings at his own house' which Were attended by some of the Disciples of Bridgeport, and to which he invited his neighbors. At one of these meetings, sometime in the fall of 1832, Mrs. Thirsey Nelson made a profession of her faith, and was baptized by Charles Elwell in the Ohio river, at the lower end of Boggs In the month of June, 1833, Thomas and Alexander Campbell conducted a grove meeting of three days at Martin's Ferry. Their eminent reputation drew great numbers to hear them wherever they went. The meeting at Martin's Ferry resulted in twelve or fifteen conversions. Among the number were Adam Long, of Bellaire' and his wife' Mary A. Long, now Mrs. Sharp. The latter is still living about a mile up Indian run. In August of the same year, upon the invitation of Mr. Joseph Nelson, the two Campbells preached in a grove on Indian run, about half a mile from the river. There were several baptisms as a result of the meeting. One incident is worthy of preservation. After an opportunity had been given for a public confession of faith in Christ, a Mr. Milligan, who lived some miles HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 267 back in the country, made his way through the crowd and handed Thomas Campbell a letter. Mr. Campbell, entirely unconscious that he had ever seen the gentleman before, took the letter and read it. It proved to be a letter of dismissal from the Seceder Church in Ireland, of which Mr. Campbell had formerly been the pastor. The letter, which was subscribed by Mr. Campbell's own hand, could not have been written less than twenty-six years before. In reply to Mr. Milligan's question whether he would receive him on that testimonial, Mr. Campbell replied that things had changed with him since then. Mr. Milligan had heard enough to bring about important changes in his own convictions, and was among the number baptized the same day in the Ohio river. From that time there were frequent meetings at Mr. Martin's, Mr. Adam Long's and Mr. Joseph Nelson’s. In the spring of 1835, the family of John Archer settled on Trough Run, about two miles back of Bellaire. The family consisted of John Archer, Sr., and wife, Nancy Archer, their sons Benjamin F., Rudolph W., and James G. Archer, together with John Archer, Jr., and wife, Cynthia A. Archer ; the last being a daughter of John Archer, Sr. All but James G. Archer, then a lad, were Disciples. The elder Archer and wife had been members of the church at Brush Run, Pa., the first congregation planted by the Campbells. The Archers proved a valuable accession to the little band of Disciples, and gage a decided impetus to the young cause. From that time another house was open to their meetings. There was but little preaching in those days, for the preachers were few, and most of those, like Paul at Corinth, were compelled to toil with their own hands to supply their daily needs. Among those who assisted in that pioneer work were Charles Eucell, Wm. Holliday and Thomas Wilson, of Wheeling, and James Hough, of West Liberty. It was not uncommon in those pioneer days, for the Disciples of Wheeling, Bridgeport and Bellaire, to hold "swap meetings," a phrase which explains itself. We owe many things to the sturdy generation which hewed dewn the dense forests and laid the foundations of so many peaceful and elegant homes. And it is a remarkable tribute to their superior physical vigor, as well as to the strength of their religious convictions, that the women, even, often walked a distance of six miles to share in the enjoyments of their little religious gatherings. Near the close of this unorganized period, a meeting occurred which affords a pretty clear insight into the character of those early assemblies, and the religious susceptibilities of the people. Early in the summer of 1838, the Disciples met one Sunday at the house of John Archer, Sr., who was Stall living on Trough Run. There were present John Archer, Sr., Nancy Archer, John Archer, Jr., Cynthia A. Archer, Benjamin F. and Rudolph W. Archer, Thirsey Nelson, Adam Long, Mary A. Long, Ann Snedeker and Hannah Goodwin. There were also a few non-professors present. The elder Archer' who usually presided at the meetings, opened the exercises with the reading of a Psalm, and with prayer. All then united in a hymn of praise. Mr. Archer then read another portion of Scripture, making such remarks on it as seemed appropriate to the occasion. This was followed by the Lord’s Supper, which has always been among the Disciples a prominent element in the worship on the Lord's day. As Mr. Archer was about to dismiss. the congregation, a. lady who had been an attentive observer through all the services—Mrs. Sally Ryan—begged the privilege of confessing and obeying the Savior. Accordingly, after the simple but solemn profession of her faith in Christ, they repaired to the little stream just at hand, where she was baptized. And such had been the deep solemnity and tender interest pervading the little assembly, that then and there, in those groves which were "God's first temple," three others made a profession of their faith in Christ, and were baptized in that baptistry, hollowed and filled by nature's own hand. They were Wm. Snedeker, Margaret Nelson, now Mrs: Mertz, and James G. Archer. The latter, who was the youngest son of John Archer, Sr„ afterward became influential in the church, filling the office of an Elder for several years. He now resides in Columbus. Mr. Archer was a cooper. In the fall of 1838, he moved from Trough Run to the village, and built a shop on the bank of the Ohio. The scattered Disciples had found it inconvenient, especially in inclement weather, to meet froth house to house. Mr. Archer's cooper shop was therefore selected as the regular place of meeting. ,It was a email affair, only 1624 feet. One end projected over the bank and rested on posts. Ready hands made some rude benches. On Saturday night Mr. Archer and his sons Would put their cooper tools away, clean out the shavings I-34—B. & J. Cos. and move in the " pews ; " and what during the week had been a temple of toil, became on Sunday a temple of praise. Frequent conversions and an occasional new comer continued to augment the number of the Disciples. The necessity of a formal and permanent organization began to be felt. Finally, on the 4th day of July, 1840, the church was " set in order " by the election of John Archer, Sr., and Adam Long, Elders, and John Archer, Jr., and Richard Gosney, Deacons. The follow ing is a complete list of the original members : John Archer, Sr., Rudolph W. Archer, Benjamin Archer, James G. Archer, John Archer, Jr., Adam Long, Philip Long, Jacob [leatherington, Richard Gosney, Jesse Bailey, David Bates, Lewis Workman, Elijah Workman, John A, Gallagher, James Gill, Robert Russell, Ibba Starkey, Nancy Archer, Cynthia A. Archer, Mary A. Long, Thirsey Nelson, Margaret Nelson, Mary A. Rodefer, Martha Bailey, Elizabeth Bailey, Eliza Heatherington, Olive Austin, Sarah Bates, Mrs. - Workman, Mrs. -- Gosney, Mary darling, Elizabeth Marling, Rachael Marling, Elizabeth Gallagher, Abby Rodefer, Nancy Wakefield, Joanna Wakefield, Mary Reid, Melinda Christen, Mary Workman, Ellen Fitch. II. Here we enter upon the second period. This period, although very brief, was an exceedingly important one. It was the test period of the church. Those years demonstrated to the world that the church had vital principles and elements of power. It never failed to meet on the Lord's day, to keep the Lord's Supper and engage in other acts of public worship. Only occasionally was there preaching. William Holliday, Charles Eucell, Thomas Wilson and James Hough continued at intervals to visit them. On the 12th of March, 1841, J. H. Jones, a gifted young preacher from the Western Reserve, came at the call of the church to hold a meeting. The cooper shop overflowed. "Where shall I stand ?" queried the preacher. "There," said. Mr. Archer, turning up a half bushel measure, "stand on that !" And from that narrow pulpit he preached the gospel with an eloquence and power that convinced the the understandings and melted the hearts of his audience. Twelve were added to the church during the meeting. Among them was a lady who had been a member of the M. E. Church. It is illustrative of the sharp controversies of the times, that her husband threatened to knock the posts from under the cooper shop and tumble both shop and congregation into the Ohio river. In June of the same year there were five conversions under the preaching of A. P. Law. On Sunday, June 5, 1842, Alexander Campbell delivered a discourse in the M. E. Church on his favorite theme, "The Union of God's People." It was listened to by a large audience, and left a profound impression on the community. In August following, George Lucy held a meeting of several days, which resulted in twelve additions to the church. In addition to those above mentioned, the following preachers are known to have visited the church during this period: The venerable Thomas Campbell, John Henry, distinguished as the walking Bible, J. R. Frame, M. E, Lard and Thomas Munnell. The latter, who taught school in the village one winter and preached almost his first sermon in the old cooper shop, has since for many years occupied the important position of secretary of the American Christian Missionary Society. The church was rapidly outgrowing the narrow limits of the cooper shop. On Saturday, September 9, 1843, at a meeting called to consider the question, it was resolved to undertake to build a house of worship the next year ; but for want of -sufficient means the resolution was not carried into effect. In May, 1845, the church entered into an engagement with Robert Graham, then a student at Bethany College, now a professor in the Kentucky University, Lexington, Ky., to preach once a month, the engagement to begin in December following. In the spring of 1846 the work of building began in earnest. The church was not strong either in number or means. Money was exceedingly scarce. Many of the members worked on the building several weeks without pay. Mr. Graham, Rudolph W. Archer and Mr. John Gallagher collected some money abroad. At one of Mr. Graham's appointments in Pennsylvania, a brother had given him a horse ; as he had no use for it himself, he generously donated it toward the building. Mr. Rudolph Archer was a remarkably fine singer. For many years he was the leader in the service of song, and one of the most active and valuable workers in the church. He went one day to St. Claireville, to solicit aid of some of the lawyers there with whom he was well acquainted. Going into the court room, the lawyers gathered around him and called for a song. Yielding to their solicitations, he mounted a seat and sang the "Song, of the. Loco- 268 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. motive," beginning : ".harness me down with your iron bands." Such was his power of song that he went away with a liberal contribution from the judges and every lawyer present. At last the house was completed. It was a plain brick structure, with a seating capacity of three hundred Ind fifty. The opening services were conducted by Alexander Campbell and Robert Graham, on the second Sunday in December, 1846. There had been thirteen additions to the church during the previous summer, under the preaching of Mr. Graham. In March, 1.846, by the death of Adam .Long, the church lost one of its elders. The vacancy was filled by the election of Nathan Newland. At the same timo Rudolph W. Archer was elected a deacon. Among those who came into the church. while it met in the cooper shop was Jacob Heatherington, who, by his well known liberality and public spirit, has been for many years a tower of strength to the church. III. The third period. which extends from 1846 to 1870, comprises considerably more than one-half the organized life of the church. The church now possessed a commodious and substantial house' which gave it an air of permanence. From this time its success, though varied, has been assured. Of this and the succeeding period, only a brief outline will be given. For many years but few congregations of Disciples had settled preachers. This was due to two causes : First, the small number of preachers ; secondly, the fact. they were largely engaged in planting new churches. Up to the year 1858, the church in Bellaire depended tot its spiritual nurture on monthly preaching and such ministrations as its Elders and other members were capable of providing. For the increase in membership, it depended principally on the protracted meetings, held either by the stated preacher or by some one called to his assistance. It was, however, no uncommon thing for persons to make a public profession of their faith, when no preacher was present. Prior to 1858, the following ministers served the church with monthly preaching: Robt. Graham, Alex. Hall, J. J. Moss, L. M: Harvey and A. E. Myers. The latter preached three years, from 1855 to 1858. Near the close of his ministry, a revival occurred, which for numbers, was the most remarkable in the history of the church. The meetings began May 30, 1858, and continued five weeks. Seventy-nine were added to the church. B. F. Pirkey did most of the preaching. From 1858-60, T. V. Berry preached once in two weeks. From 1860-2, the church had only irregular supplies. During that time, J. L. Pinkerton preached six months. From 1846-62, many ministers, some of them prominent among Disciples, either preached occasional discourses' or conducted meetings. Among them were such men as Isaac Erma, A. S. Hayden, W, A. Belding, Calvin Smith. W. K, Pendleton, C. L. Loos, T. M. Allen, W. T. Moore, A. D. Fillmore, Robt. Milligan and R. R. Sloan. On the 23d of November, 1862, H. S. Glasier made his first visit to the church. His connection with the church merits more than a passing notice. Mr. Glasier was a native of Bedford, Cuyahoga county, Ohio. His preparatory studies were pursued at Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (now Hiram College) from the year 1858 to 1862. Hon. James A. Garfield was at that time the able and popular principal. Mr. Glasier attended Bethany College the sessions of 1862-3, graduating July 4, 1863. He visited Bellaire as above mentioned November 23d, and preached once a month during the remainder of the session. In June, 1863, he was married to Miss Eliza E. Clapp of Mentor, Ohio, a lady of rare gifts of mind and superior culture. In August, 1863, he entered into an engagement with the church which terminated only with his life. In the previous May, Mr. Glasier and Mr. Jabez Hall of Wheeling' now of East Cleveland, hold a very successful meeting in Bellaire. The two, who were warm personal friends, conducted another meeting in March, 1865. But the most remarkable meeting of his brief ministry occurred in May, 1866, only three months before his death. He was assisted during the meeting by H. D. Carlton, who had been a fellow student at Hiram. Some sixty-nine persons were added to the church. Only an adequate idea of his power, however' can be conveyed by statistics. He infused the enthusiasm of his own ardent nature into the whole church. In the homes of the people, he won their hearts by the unaffected warmth of his sympathies' while in public discourse his pungent appeals carried their hearts by storm. Again and again, people left the church door for want standing room within. And his was a rising power, as his work was ended before he had completed his thirtieth year. Already measures were on foot for a new house of worship. Two lots were purchased in a more eligible location. The old site was subject to overflow. Indeed, in the great flood of 1852, the floor of the old church was covered to a depth of more than five feet. The foundation of the new house was already laid. But in the midst of his usefulness, so great in the present, and greater still in prospect, Mr. Glasier fell a victim to his own ardor. Going to Pittsburgh August 24, to assist W. S. Gray in a meeting, he was stricken with typhoid dysentery, of which he died September 8, 1866, aged nearly thirty years. His faithful wife, and his firm friend Jabez Hall, of Wheeling, ministered to him during the last days, and Mr. Jacob Heatherington, and James G. Archer, of' Bellaire, were present to catch his last words. They were words to the church ho loved—words of exhortation that they should be faithful to their vows, complete the labor of building and carry on the work he was called to leave. Mx. Gray and several of his congregation came down with the remains to Bellaire. President W. K. Pendleton, of Bethany, preached the funeral discourse. The whole town was in mourning. Presbyterians, Methodists, Catholics, and even profane, irreligious men, came to mingle their tears over the remains of one they had known and loved. Mr. Hall and his church came down in a body from Wheeling. Mr. Gaston, of the Presbyterian, and Mr. Brown, of the Methodist church. assisted in the services. The house was filled with women alone. Men crowded about the windows, filled the yard and thronged the street. On Monday, September 10, the remains were conveyed to Bedford for interment. Mrs. Glasier, who, with their daughter, resides in Cleveland, continues to cherish the tenderest memories of her departed husband. The death of Mr.. Glasier was a severe blow to the hearts and hopes of the church, but it did not crush them. Men come and go; principles are eternal. In November following, the church called H. D. Carlton, who in the meeting of the previous spring had rendered such valuable aid, into their service. His ministry continued until December, 1869, with marked acceptance, and solid results. Fifty-five were added to the church upon profession, besides other accessions. The church, rallying under Mr. Carlton's leadership, resumed the work of building. The house was so far completed as to be ready to occupy, Sunday, August 7, 1870; President W. K. Pendleton preached the dedication sermon from John 17:3. The old house is now occupied by the second ward schools. The new house, which cost about $20,000, is substantially built of brick, with basement for Sunday School, and audience room above. The main audience room, which is the most commodious in the city, has a seating capacity of seven hundred. IV. The closing period of this sketch is too recent to demand any extended notice.. Jesse H. Berry had been called to the pastoral care of the church in July, 1870. He remained with the church until April, 1872. There were seventy-one added to the church ,during his ministry. In December, 1870, the revivalist, Knowles Shaw, celebrated as much for his rare power of song as for his ability as a preacher, conducted a meeting with considerable success. From 1872 to 1875, I. J. Spencer' a student at Bethany, preached a portion of the time for the church. Graduating in June, 1875, he gave his entire time to the church, until the fall of 1877.. His ministry was attended with marked success ; during the two years he lived in Bellaire over ninety were added to the congregation. Through the liberality of Jacob Heatherington' the tower was completed and the audience-room carpeted and frescoed. The primary class-room in the basement was also finished and other improvements made. Accepting a call to Baltimore, Mr. Spencer resigned in the fall of 1877. The church had only irregular supplies for a year. ii. D. Carlton' pastor of the church from 1866-9, held a meeting during the winter of '78, with several accessions to the church. In October, 1878, B. S. Dean acccepted a call from the church' and began his work in Bellaire, During the first year of his ministry, which is just closed, over forty have been added to the church. The total enrollment of the church from the beginning' has been nearly seven hundred. The present membership is two hundred and fory-three. Average sunday school attendance, one hundred and eighty-five. The officers are: PASTOR—B, S. Dean. ELDERS—John Archer, W. .1. Mills, Theobald Klee, R. W. Nelson. DEACONS—Wm. Heatherington, Mahlon Craft, J. W. Huston, T. A. Rodefer, W. R. Gunn, George Mertz. CLERK—J. F. Rodefer: ST. JOHN'S CATHOLIC CHURCH. The first resident Catholic priest in Bellaire, was Rev. Michael HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 269 Kennedy, who arrived in the winter of 1855. Services were held in the house of Mr. Arthur Sherry, whose little parlor was sufficient room for the small number of Catholics who then made their home in Bellaire. The first entry by Father Kennedy in the "Baptismal Records, is the baptism of James, son of Michael and Eleanor White, December '25, 1855. The first marriage recorded is that of Michael Keegan, and Eleanor Sullivan, December 26, 1855. It was soon found that Bellaire could not support a clergyman, and Father Kennedy was transferred to Piqua, O., and afterwards to Chillicothe, Ohio, where his health failed, and he died while a Professor at Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, Cincinnati. He had been pastor of Bellaire about six months. The Catholics of Bellaire then became dependent for spiritual ministrations on Rev. John M. Jacquet, then residing at Beaver Settlement, Noble county, Ohio. Mass was celebrated then but once a month on Sunday, as besides Beaver and Bellaire' all towns on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, from the Ohio river to Zanesville, were the mission of humble and apostolic Father Jacquet. In 1857, Father Jacquet purchased property on Guernsey street' and began the erection of the present St. John's Catholic church. The following were the first subscribers: Archbishop Purcell $100; John M. Sullivan, one lot worth $250, and $50 in cash ; Arthur Sherry, $50; Patrick Welby, $10; Thos. Reilly, $12; John Carey, $17 Simon Tolin, $10; Michael Squsky, $15; Pat. Cloake, $15; Michael Cavanagle, $10 ; Michael Owens, $10. The total amount collected in Bellaire and on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, was $1,363.70. Father Jacquet next purchased the present Catholic Cemetery, and organized the first parochial Catholic school, and placed Miss Raggie Walsh in charge, who taught almost continuously from 1858 to 1878. In January, 1869, Rev. P, J. Duly relieved Father Jacquet of a. portion of his vast mission, and took up his residence in Bellaire. In addition to Bellaire, he was also in charge of Martin's Ferry and all station's on Baltimore and Ohio railroad west of Bellaire, as far as Belmont. Father Duly built and paid for the present neat pastoral residence, and having been long a victim of consumption, ho fell under its destroying influence in 1870 December, 1870, Rev. Thomas Malen was appointed pastor, 1871, when Rev. P. H. D. Steyle was appointed, and remained pastor till July, 1878. During his stay of seven years, Father Steyle built an addition to the church, e spire, and placed the bell therein, enlarged the school house and made other improvements. In July, 1878, Rev. D. B. Cull was appointed by Rt. Rev. S. H. Rosecrans, Bishop of Columbus, pastor of Bellaire, and is in he present writing. The congregation has over one thousand communicants, and is yearly increasing so that their who present church building is already too small for the members who gather to worship within its walls. The school has over two hundred children taught by the Sisters of Charity. THE FIRST GERMAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH. The history of this church would fill a page, but whether it would prove of interest to the general reader or benefit in any way the little band which cling at the foot of the cross here is a question. A number of Germans, feeling a desire to organize a society by which they might worship God together in their own tongue, met and effected organization. They held their meetings in various places, and were irregularly supplied with different ministers. Like other congregations it met by its obstacles, and we are informed experienced divisions and contendings. Some split off from them and joined other churches. But notwithstanding its losses in this respect, the u in 1874, erected a church edifice of brick 40x75, including parsonage, (which is all together) and moved on in worship, increasing slowly. The present membership is 40. The church building cost $7,500, the debt of which is not yet all liquidated. Among the permanent ministers were R. Saul, a Presbyterian minister who succeeded in prosyliting to his faith many of the members, and carried them over to the Presbyterian church. He was followed by Miller, Naw and Noll. The congregation is without a minister at present. They have a Sabbath School of about 120 enrolled. FIRST AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. This church is situated on west side of Franklin street. Rev. Marah conducts the services every Sabbath at half past 10 A. M. In connection with the church exercises, they have a flourishing Sabbath School numbering about 60 scholars. SECOND AFRICAN METHODIST CHURCH. This congregation has just completed a new church on west side Belmont street. Services are conducted by Rev. Jesse Hargrove every other Sabbath. Membership about 40. SECRET SOCIETIES. BELLAIRE LoDGE No. 267 A; F. & A. M. Organized and worked under a dispensation for six months before. being chartered. Its charter was granted at a session of Grand Lodge of Ohio, held in Mansfield, Richland county' Ohio' October, 1855. Its charter members were as follows: George W. Anderson, Joel Strahl, Joseph Johnston, J. M. Spangler, Thomas Fulton, J. H. Porterfield, Robert Darrah, Jr., Robert G. Neel, John Kelly, E. P. Birdsong, William H. Allen and H. M. Dolby. Its first officers were: George W. Anderson, W. M. Joel Strahl, S. W. Joseph Johnston, J. W. This lodge owns the property in which its meetings are held, and is in a prosperous condition. Andrew Talmie, W. M. J. E. Strahl, S. W. Adolphus Johnston, J. W. Fred Hoffman, Secretary. Christian Beppus, Treasurer. F. J. Smith, S. D. M. Nelson, J. D. Joel Strahl, Tyler. Stated communications on Monday evening, on or next preceding. the full moon in each month. BELLAIRE LODGE OF I. O. O. F., NO. 578. Was organized July 26, 1866, and incorporated January 24, 1871. Its charter members consisted of the following named gentlemen : John Muth, Christian Binpus, D. K. Sanford, H. M. Ingler, George Kern, Joseph Mercer, Elias Dew, Ralph Heatherington' Wm. Thurber and George H. Muth. Hall in Central Block, Union street. Nights of meeting, every Tuesday evening. This Lodge is in a prosperous condition and working successfully. It numbers 65 members. It owns property on Belmont street. The present officers are as follows : William Fish, Noble Grand. Frederick Bickel, Vice Grand. George D. Heatherington' Secretary. C. S. S. Baron, Treasurer. BELMONT GROVE, NO. 19, U. A. O. D. This lodge of United Ancient Order of Druids was organized in May, 1867, and a charter granted at a session of "Grand Grove of the State of Ohio." The .charter members : George Kern, August Schramm, Charles Henry, Frederick Rodewig, Frederick Brand, Charles Brockman' Christian Bippus. The present officers of this society are as follows : Frederick Hecker, N. A. Henry Ebbeghaus, V. A. Frederick Snyder, Secretary. Frederick Boesher, Treasurer. Meets in Sheets' Block, corner Union and Thirty-second streets. Meeting nights, every second and fourth Wednesday evening in each month. BELLAIRE CHAPTER OF R. A. M. This lodge was organized on a warrant of dispensation, which was granted in October, 1867. Its chartermembers were : E. G. Morgan, William J. Kelley, John Kelley, J. S. Lockwood, J. H. Coleman, Uriah Vinning, John C. Shimmon, William Greenfield, R R. Cowen and M. P. Smith. 270 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. Its charter was granted in October, 1868. The present officers are as follows : A. Tolmie, Sr., High Priest. Wm, McMasters, King. J. J. Powell, Scribe. J. A. Greenfield, C. O. H. C. H. Strahl, P. S. J. T. Lane, Secretary. Joseph Mercer, Treasurer. Stated meetings on Friday evening on or next preceding the full moon in each month. Hall in Belmont Lodge room. EUREKA GROVE No. 23 U. A. O. D. In May, 1868, Eureka Grove Lodge of United Ancient Order Druids was organized and charter granted. Its charter members—I. N. Grafton, Thomas Rosser, L. H. Hall, Levi Cassell, John Robinson, John Crimmell, Francis Turner, H. M. Ingler, Samuel Scofield, Henry Carr and C. S. S. Baron. The present officers are as follows : Charles Manley, N. A. J. S. Carter, V. A. Charles McClain, Secretary. W. S. Ault, Treasurer. James Kyle, I. G. Hall in Sheets' Block, corner Thirty-Second and Union streets. Meets every second and fourth Saturday evenings in each month. KERN LODGE No. 428 I. O. O. F Was organized July 8, 1869. Charter members—George Kern, Christian Bippus, Charles Brockman, August Briel, Joseph Mitchel, August Schramm' Peter Schramm, William Kreiter, Adam Lampel, Godfrey Reich, Michael Zorn, Fred Bashaw, Adam Long, Herman Hartenstein, August Bair, Herman Gratz, Louis Grealy. The present officers are as follows : Noble Grand—Frederick Eberle. Vice Grand—Andrew Scheck. Secretary—Louis Long. Treasurer—August Baker. This society holds regular sessions in Central Block, Union street, every Saturday evening. BELLAIRE ENCAMPMENT I. O. O. F. Was instituted July, 1869. C. S. S. Baron, William A. Lilly, Abraham Grafton, John D. Summons, William C. Cochran' I. N. Grafton, John B. Gorby, A. L. Baron, W. P. Lane, J. W. James, Joseph Mitchell, E. H. Williams and William Hipkins composed the charter members. It received its charter July, 1.869. It has a membership of about 33. The present officers are as follows: William Blainey, C. P. James Fitton, H. P. Frederick Bickel, S; W. Charles Brockman, J. W. C. D. Bowser, S. A. Bricker, Treasurer. Hall on Union street. Meets first and third Fridays in each month. WASHINGTON S. A. CHAPTER NO. 9, U. A. O. D. Washington Supreme Arch Chapter United Ancient Order of Druids' was organized and charter granted by the Grand Council of United States, at a session held in Cleveland in August, 1869. Charter members—Andrew Roeder, Christian Bippus, Charles Henry, George Kern, Harry Richardson, L. H. Hall, Thomas Rosser, Joseph Mitchell, Levi Cassell and William Crider. Present officers are as follows: Andrew Schick, E. S. A. Frederick Hecker, D. D. Andrew Roeder, Secretary George Kern, Treasurer. Harry Richardson, G. E. Adam Long, S. E. Hall in Sheets' Block, corner. Thirty-second and Union streets. Meets first Monday in each month. IONIC LODGE NO. 438, A. F. & A. M. Was organized, and a warrant of dispensation granted in October, 1869. Its charter members were : Benjamin R. Cowen, Jas. S. Smith, M. N. Mercer, M. W. Junkins, A. Grafton, T. K. Crozier, G. R. Greer, David Rankin, J. B. Darrah, J. T, Mercer, N. B. Scott, G. W. Hoge and Daniel Westlake. In 1870, at a meeting of the Grand Lodge of Ohio, at Springfield, Ohio, The present officers are as follows: I. N. Grafton, W. M. B. F. Cockayne, S. W. John Crozier, J. W. F. C. Husband, Treasurer. W. S. Cunningham, Secretary. James Grafton, S. D. D. K. Miller, J. D. A. Koltz, Tyler. Stated communications on Thursday evening on or next preceding the full moon in each month. Meets in the lodge room of Bellaire Lodge. RED CLOUD LODGE No. 56. The Rod Cloud Lodge No. 56, Improved Order of Red Men, was organized on February 27, 1871. The charter members are: Theo. Gochter, J. S. Squiggins, A. C. Leasure, C. Bippus, J. H. Dunning, 0. C. Bray, A. S. Clahan, W. M. Thatcher, A. G. Sanders, George Adbert, Thomas Bray, J. P. Kelly, R Crozier, T. Ramford, Fred. Christy, George Kern, 0. T. Blackburn, J. C. Wiedman, G. W. Hoge, P. Bramford, John Nelson, O. P. Criswell, H. I. Meek, N. A. Lilly, J. B. Darrah, A. Balzell, C. Balzell, W. Crozier and G. W. Romick. Primitive officers were: O. C. Bray, Sachem. Adam C. Leasure, Senior Sacamore. Alex. Clohn, Junior Sacamore. T. Gachter, Prophet. J. H. Dunning, Keeper of Wampum. James T. Kelly, Chief of Records. Present membership is 48. Lodge is worth about $750.00. Object of the institution is charity to its members. The present officers are: J. C. Weidman, Sachem. Wm. McElhany, Senior Sacamore. Henry Ulrich, Junior Sacamore. Daniel Theobold, Chief of Records. George Kern; Keeper of Wampum. Meets every Monday in Central Block, Union street. BLACK PRINCE LODGE, NO. 57. K. OF P. Black Prince Lodge was organized March 12, 1874. J. B. Darrah, E. F. Satterfield, W. A. McLaughlin, C. Bippus, Alex. Clohan, A. Roeder, T. S. Cooper, D. S, Criswell, A. Johnson; J. Hahn; J. J. Powell, Fred. Bickel, J. S. Carter, O. T. Blackburn, A. Sheck, R Criswell, Wm. Wheeler, E. L. Feely, W. S. Carroll, T. M. Godfrey, A. Ault, A. S. Feely, H. Landkrohn, H. Ulrich, J. Dunning. J. Hipkins, P. O. Criswell, A. McClain and H. Detwiler, composed the charter members. The first officers of this institution were as follows: William McLaughlin, C. C. P. O. Criswell, V. O. A. Sheck, K. of R. and S. A. Roeder, K. of E. A. Ault, M. of F. C. Bippus, P. C. J. Grafton, M. of A. J. Carter, J. G. George Trisler, O. G. The following list of officers comprise the present officiating capacity of the lodge : D. C. Stewart, P. C. C. L. Shuttleworth, C. C. James N. Burk, V. C. Wm. Blackburn, P. George Hartenstein, M. of A. N. L. Marsh, K. of R. and S. O. T. Blackburn, M. of E. William Rodewig, I. G. George Squiggins, O. G. Lodge meets every Thursday night in Central Block, Union street. BELLAIRE LIEDERKRANZ SOCIETY. This society is an organization formed expressly for the cultivation of the voice in singing. In October, 1876, it was originated by fifteen or twenty men in the market house. After making several moves it finally secured Zilch's opera hall, Union HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 271 street, where it still meets every Sunday at 2 P. M. The first officers were : Solomon Arbenz, President. John Zilch, Secretary. Present officers--Henry Bonarius, President; Ernst D. Lettan, Secretary. BELMONT LODGE NO. 1761 I. O. O. F. (Colored). Organized in 1876 with 29 members. It has a membership of 30 in good standing. Meets in Sheet's block every Monday evening. Worth $216. Officers for 1879: Noble Grand, John Preston ; Vice Grand, Fred Gaines; Secretary, Spotwood Green ; Treasurer, Emanuel Baily. BELMONT TURNERS' SOCIETY. A permanent organization of this society was effected. October 15, 1876. The first officers were : Speaker—John Zilch. Second Speaker—George Goecke. Secretary—Fred. Yalinke. Treasurer—Louis La Roche. Warden—John Turner. Turn-Teacher—Kilian Fisher. Assistant Turn-Teacher—Charles Henry. The present officers consist in the following named gentlemen : Speaker—Fred Rodewig. Assistant Speaker—Charlie Henk. Secretary—Christian Smith. Treasurer—Fred. Hecker. Warden—Charlie Compart. This society meets for the present in Charlie Henke's residence. Membership, 36. Have now in process of building a neat and comfortable hall. THE HECLA CLUB. Probably it would not be amiss to mention in connection with the "institutions" of Bellaire, Ohio, the organization known as the Ueda Club. This club was organized on the 23d day of September, 1878. since which time it has achieved quite a local reputation. The object of the club is to provide an attractive p ace for the young people of the city to. pass their evenings wherein they can improve themselves intellectually by indulging in debates, essays and dramatic performances. The club was organized upon a joint stock plan, which, so far, has succeeded admirably. The wealth of the club is steadily on the increase, and, as its members are directed by an excellent constitution, it bids fair to become a permanent fixture in the city. officers have been elected to serve during the year 1879 : President—W. C. C. Grafton. Vice President—Fred. Clinton. Secretary—J. A. Greenfield. Treasurer—Charles Gill. EARLY BURIAL PLACE. The first burial place, it is thought, used by the people in this immediate vicinity, was the ground now occupied by Col. John H. Sullivan's coal bank. It was styled "Davis' Burying Ground." There were about three acres in the enclosure. Mr. Nicoll says the first time he remembers of seeing this spot was in about 1820, He attended a funeral of a man, who died near Dillie's Bottom, and was brought to this spot for interment. There was then quite a number of persons buried there. The graves were marked with rough sandstone, upon which, (a few at least) had letters cut, giving the initials and perhaps the date. Jacob Davis and his wife were buried in this spot. Their graves were unmarked, and their dust has remained undisturbed. In 1854, the remains of those that could be found were taken up and placed in the new cemetery, or interred in different places. Mr. Nicoll thinks this spot was occupied as .a burial place as early as 1810, if not earlier, judging from its appearance when he first visited it. GREENWOOD CEMETERY. The Greenwood Cemetery is beautifully located on the western hill, about half a mile from the city. The site for the cemetery is well chosen. The disposition of the human body after death, has, in all ages engaged the thoughts of mankind, and when a city was inevitably to spring up here steps were taken to secure a suitable place for the interment of the dead. A cemetery association was formed, consisting of about fifty members, who purchased four acres from Sullivan & Co. for $800, on the 12th of January, 1859. This piece of ground was laid off into lots, avenues and alleys, and lots sold at different prices. The officers of this association were : President—James Nicoll. Clerk—E. G. Morgan. Treasurer—Alexander Hammond. Trustees—B. R. Cowen, Joseph McMurry, R. H. Long, George Criswell, John Hattery. These gentlemen were elected during the organization of the cemetery association in 1859, and remained as such until January 29, 1869, when another election was held, resulting as follows : President—A. W. Anderson. Clerk—John Hattery. Treasurer—Harrison Bute. . Trustees—J. S. Cratty, E. G. Morgan, ;fames Nicoll, James B. Darrah, Frank Turner. There has been no change desired since that time by the association, and of course no change has taken place, save in the vacancy of one of the trustees, Mr. Turner, who removed from the city in 1875, which was filled by the election of Gen. G. W. Hoge. Special care and attention is given this sacred spot to keep it beautiful as a garden and nothing allowed to grow in the ground but what will beautify and ornament the place. Here and there are found monuments almost embosomed in exquisite shrubbery, and around the base of others is found the ivy, or the beautiful rose and flower, fresh and indicative of purity, blooming grandly and influencing the air with its sweetness. GERMAN CEMETERY The German Cemetery is located about one mile northwest of the city in a pleasant site. The cemetery association was organized August 27, 1862. George Kern, President; Frederick Rodewig, Secretary. Trustees—F. Rodewig, George Kern, George Zewig. JOURNALISM. Journalism in the city of Bellaire has been varied and by no means uninteresting. The first periodical appearing from the press in this city was the Bellaire Times. This paper was issued by Robert Duncan, who established the same in 1853. Duncan was succeeded on the Times by Dr. Joseph Gaston, with Dr. M. W. Junkins as local. In 1857 the Bellaire Intelligencer made its appearance. This periodical was started by P. R. Bartleson. It was short-lived and died in the zenith of its reputation, being issued only a few months. H. E. Purdy ventured next in journalism full of zeal and literary ambition. He styled his paper the Democratic Era. The first number appearing some time in 1858. His office was in the old shoe-factory school building. It lived until 1859 and then suspended. It is said the paper was a spicy and creditable little sheet. Several years then elapsed before another attempt at the newspaper business in the place was made. In 1868' Daniel Long came forth and published a small paper, which he called the Bellaire Advertiser. It lasted until 1870. On the 28th day of April of the same year, the Independent and Standard were simultaneously issued from the press. The Independent was published by a stock company and was conducted and edited by John B. Longley, who retained the position as editor, with the exception of two years he spent in the office of County Auditor. During this period the paper was edited by the present proprietor and Dr. M. W. Junkins. On the 19th of November, 1877, James F. Anderson purchased the office and has been conducting the independent ever since. The Standard, published by D. W. Leet and John D. Nuzum, only continued until some time in 1872, when it couldn't Standard any longer. In 1872, Mary E. Hoover established the Belmont City Commercial, but after a few months suspended until January, 1873, when Hoover and Hall issued the paper. In June of the year following, Miss Hoover again assumed sole charge, employing Will S. Faris as local editor. In January, 1875, the paper was sold to J. J. Clarkson, and in May of the same year he suspended publication. In September, 1875, the first number of Bric-a-Brac, a monthly literary magazine of eight pages, was published by Will S. 272 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. Faris and W. C. Warnock. In February of the following year. Mr. Faris sold his interest in the enterprise to his partner, and in a few months afterward Mr. Warnock discontinued its publication. Cochran & (ow purchased the tainting material and press of Clarkson, and on the 5th day of February, 1876, issued a neat seven-column paper styled the Leader, which is still in susuceessful operation. They added new material and press.. On the 1st of July, 1876, John R. Gow purchased :his partner's interest, and began the publication of a daily called the Daily Leader, which he issued just a week on trial, but Wheeling being so close with its dailies, interfered greatly, and the experiment in that enterprise was abandoned. Mr. Gow has enlarged the Weekly Leader and otherwise improved it. The subscription price is $1.50. The Leader has a very fair circulation, and is neat in typographical appearance. In politics the Leader is Democratic.. In the year 1877, Frank. M. Barnes and J.. B. Strahl, two practical printers, published a triweekly sheet called The Free Press. It succeeded reasonably well, but was only published for a few months, when a disagreement between the proprietors made its suspension necessary. In 1877-8, Ben. S. Cowen, a school boy, son of General. B. R. Cowen, published a small literary paper called the Amateur journal. It was very popular, on account of the novelty of its publication. The editor did his own printing in leisure hours. In July, 1878, Will S. Faris, at that time Principal of the PubIic Schools of the Fifth Ward, commenced. the publication of a forty-column quarto-weekly newspaper called The Phonograph, It met with a fair share of success as a local sheet, and also became somewhat famous abroad for sprightliness and humor. It was continued until some time in 1879, when Mr. Faris left Bellaire to accept the position of associate editor of the Wheeling Daily Register and the Phonograph was consolidated with Mr. Anderson’s Independent. In 1878, Waldemar Bille, M. D., established The Bellaire Star, a Catholic weekly, local in its character. It only existed a very few weeks. The Bellaire Tribune was started February 6; 1879, by Col. C. L. Poorman, with new material, presses, etc, It is a forty-eight column quarto paper. At the date of its first issue it had a larger bona. fide list of subscribers than any paper published in Bellaire. This was largely due to the fact that the Colonel, who had edited the Belmont Chronicle for ten years, during the war and subsequent to it, was well known and respected by the people of the county, and to the further fact that there was a general desire for another newspaper to be published at Bellaire. The list of subscribers and the advertising patronage of the Tribune have been constantly increasing, since theissue of the first number, which is satisfactory evidence that the paper meets the expectation of its friends. Since the Wheeling Daily Register has established a branch office in Bellaire, and keeps a regular member of its editorial staff constantly engaged in reporting news and writing up the industrial and other interests of this city and adjacent country, this paper may properly be classed as one of the 'institutions" of the place. Its founder and present senior proprietor; Mr. Lewis Baker, is a native of Belmont county, and he has never ceased to feel a pride and exhibit the deepest interest in the welfare of the people of that county and state. The proprietors of the Register, Mr. Lewis Baker and Mr. W. J. Johnston; have recently purchased a valuable property' in the city of Wheeling, nearly opposite the McLure House, which they will remodel into a most commodious and convenient printing office, into which they will remove their many steam presses, extensive job printing office, and book bindery, as well as all the departments connected with the editing and publishing of the daily, triweekly and weekly Register. Their Bellaire office will be connected with the Wheeling office by telephone, and the citizens of Bellaire will thus be placed in immediate and personal intercourse with the chief office ; and every effort. will be exerted to make the Daily Register a worthy and .acceptable representative of the thriving and enterprising Ohio city. The Register circulates largely throughout Belmont and Monroe counties; and is an excellent medium for the use of the business men of this side of the river. It is one of the brightest and best edited, daily papers in this section of country. THE COUNTY SEAT QUESTION. One of the most important measures which has been agitated by the enterprising people of Bellaire is the proposed removal of the county. seat to this city from St. Clairsville. Notable attempts were made for the removal in the years 185.7 and 1869, but without success. Again the subject was vigorously agitated in the beginning of the year 1879 and spread all over the county, Petitions and remonstrances were presented to the Legislature, which must have contained the names of nearly every voter and taxpayer in the county. One of the leading and most ac- tive managers in the interest of Bellaire was Col. C. L. Norman, editor of the Tribune, who published an able article in his paper showing the city's resources and advantages. The object of the effort made by the friends of removal was to the Legislature to submit the question to the voters of Belmont county. The effort failed, but the question is still an unsettled one, and bids-fair to be continued to be agitated by the people of Bellaire and the other sections of the county favorable to removal. Colonel Poorman's article on Bellaire’s resources and advantages contained the following statement of the city's increase of population and summary of its manufacturing. interests : POPULATION. The increase of population in Belmont county from 1860 to 1870 was 3,341: Of this increase Bellaire city had 2,516, and since 1870 the increase in Bellaire is quite 4;000, which is perhaps fully half the increase in the county. " MANUFACTURES." “Since 1860 there have been three rolling mills, two blast furnaces, eight glass factories, one agricultural implement factory, and one stamped tinware factory established in Belmont county, and they have all been erected at Bellaire; or within six miles of it, on the line of the railroads. “At Bellaire proper there is one blast furnace, making fifty tons of pig iron 'daily.; and in connection with it a rolling-mill with one hundred nail machines, making about 6,000 kegs of nails per week; the two having a capital stock of $500,000, and employing over 400 hands. " There are four flint glass houses and one window glass house, with an aggregate capital stock of $250,000, and employing 475 hand. " There is a large tin-stamping factory, with a capital stock of $60,000, .and employing, when full, 125 hands. "There are six coal works in active operation, employing 300 hands. "The B. & O. and the C. & P. Railroads employ at Bellaire 175 hands. "A company is now organized to erect another flint glass factory which will be constructed as soon as it can be done." SUMMARY OF BELLAIRE. Amusements—City Hall, corner Thirty-second and South Belmont streets. Attorneys-at-Law—Anderson & Danford, D. W. Cooper, Rees & Gallaher, J. B. Smith, Tallman Brothers. Barbers, 7; blacksmiths, 5 ; boot, and shoe dealers, 8; butcher's, 9 ; builders and contractors, 3 ; carpenters, 9; carpet weavers, 2 ; cigar and tobacco dealers' 8; clothing stores, 3 ; coal merchants, 5 ; confectioners, 7 ; cooper, 1 ; dentists, 2 ; dressmakers, 7 ; druggists, 7 ; dry goods dealers; 5 ; furniture dealers, 2; glass works, 4; grocers, .39 ; hardware stores, 4 ; hats and caps, 2; hotels, 7; insurance agencies, 3; jewelers, 4; livery stables, 5.; merchant tailors, 3; ministers, 6; millinery, &c., 6; newspapers, 3; notaries public, 4; notions, .&c., 2; painters, 2; photograph galleries, 2; physicians and surgeons, 9; planing mills, 2 ; plasterers, 3 ; saddle and harness dealers, 3 ; saloons, 25 ; shoemakers, 5 ; telegraph offices, 2 ; wagon makers, 2. PATRON'S RECORD OF BELLAIRE. M. D. REASONER, D. S., was born in Blackford county, Indiana, December, 1838. After receiving a common school education, he attended Muskingum College, where he graduated in the year 1862. He then turned his attention to the study of dentistry under the supervision of Dr. David McBriar, of Newark, Ohio. In 1867 he came to Bellaire and commenced the practice of his profession. In 1866' be married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Smith, of Licking county, Ohio. He is the parent of one child. HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES - 273 GEORGE H. MUTH, son of John Muth, was born in Germany, and migrated to America in 1834, settled in Wheeling, where George was born, May 10, 1837. Here he received a common school education and learned the butchering business with his father and uncle. In 1849, he came to Bellaire and was for a number of years engaged on the river. In 1855. he commenced in the butchering and provision business, which he has carried on with success ever since. During the war he had a government contract and for three years and accumulated money rapidly. He then engaged in the pork packing business and met with some heavy losses. On the 13th of May, 1858, he was married to Miss Charlotte Ambler, daughter of Isaac and Catharine Ambler. Their' union. resulted in eight children--six living. M. M. KNIGHT, D. S., son of Thomas and Nancy Knight, of Greene county, Pa., was born in 1847. He studied dentistry in Cameron, W. Va., with Dr. S. D. Woods, and attended White's Dental College in Philadelphia, where he was taken sick a short time before he would have graduated. He commenced to practice in Greene county, Pa., and after remaining a year there, went to Quaker City, where he continued for about six years. From thence he came to Bellaire, where he is now engaged in his profession. In 1874, he was married to Emma, daughter of Jesse Lingo, of Quaker City, Ohio. O. H. HOWELL was born in Wheeling, W. Va., October 3, 1829. He lived in Washington county, Pa., until sixteen years of age. In 1846, he removed to Columbus, Ohio, where he learned harness making. In 1849, he returned to Wheeling and learned the tin and sheet iron business. In 1852, he married Maggie J., daughter of James Luke, of Wheeling. Their family consists ef seven children. Whilst in Illinois, where he had migrated, he enlisted in the 55th regiment, I. U. S. V. I., and served nearly two years. He was discharged on account of disability, at Columbus, Ohio, May, 1863. He returned borne and followed his trade, carrying on business in Wheeling, Bridgeport and ether places. He finally removed to Bellaire, where he is still doing business, W. C. ROBERTS was born in Wellsburg, Brooke county, W. Va., July 11, 1827. In 1833, his parents removed to Steubenville, Ohio. Here he received a common school education and learned the tinsmith's trade, where he worked a number of years. In 1848 he married Mary A. Kline, of Steubenville. He organized White's Band, one of the best, if not the very best organized of the kind that ever was in the city of Steubenville. In 1873, he came to Bellaire and located at 135 North Belmont street and engaged in the house furnishing goods trade ; also manufactures tin, copper and sheet iron ware. Roofing and spouting made a specialty. ZACHARIAH PUMPHREY, a son of G. W. and Mary A. Pumphrey, was born in Wheeling, Va., in 1854. He learned the butchering business with his father, who carried it on in that city. In August, 1877, Mr. P. removed to Bellaire and started a meat market, which he still conducts. FREDERICK EBERLE was born in the village of Schamhausen, Germany, October 28, 1840. What book education he obtained was received in his native village. At the age of fifteen be was brought with his parents to America, landing at Baltimore. In August, 1856, he went to Wheeling, and from there removed to Miltonsburg, Monroe county, Ohio, where he learned the blacksmith trade. After working a few years in Wheeling, W. Va., and Louisville, Ky., he enlisted in the regular army November 21, 1860, becoming a member of Company I, First U. S. Artillery, which was then commanded by G. B. McGruder. who afterwards became a noted rebel general. His army life was an active and dangerous one. He was in eighteen battles. At the first Bull Run engagement, July 21, 1861, he was wounded, and at Bristoe Station, October 14, 1863, he was also wounded and the next day taken prisoner and held in rebel custody until November 18, when he was paroled at City Point. From there he was sent to the hospital in Annapolis, Md.. As soon as he recovered he joined his company and served until 1867, when he was honorably discharged at Brownsville, Texas. From this point he started for Bridgeport, where he engaged in the— grocery business about three years. In March, 1870, he came to Bellaire and opened out a grocery store on Union street. In 1871 he purchased the property on Belmont street, where he is still found engaged in the general grocery and feed business. In 18('J he married Catharine, daughter of Jacob Schimp, of 35—B. & J. Cos. Wheeling, W. Va. Mr. E.’s father was a soldier in the Wurtemberg army sixteen years, and fought against Napoleon in the years 1814-15. He is still living in Bridgeport, Ohio, in his 80th year. CHESTER O. PHILLIPS, a native of Henderson county, Illinois, was born May 26, 1857. When only about two years of age his mother died. At the age of three years his father removed to Warren township, and our subject was placed under the care of his grandmother, who resided three miles west of Barnesville, and with whom he remained until he attained the age of fifteen. In 1872 he began labor in the Ohio glass works, where he continued some two years. After which be returned to Barnesville and clerked in the grocery store of G. W. Ramsey three years. Again finding his way back to Bellaire he was made salesman in Mercer & Gorrell's wholesale grocery ; remained at this business nearly one year, and then engaged in the framing of lanterns at the Baron Manufacturing Company, where he still continues to labor. Mr. Phillips is a 'skillful mechanic and an enterprising young man. ROBERT M. VAULTENBURG was born in Washington county, Pa., August 24, 1855; was reared on a farm about one Mile from Canonsburg until 1872, when he found his way to Bellaire. He learned the trade of a stone-cutter with John McMillen, of Brownsville, Pa. This he began when but fourteen years of age, and served with McMillan three seasons, since which he has worked as a journeyman. He was foreman of the stone cutting for the Children's Home of Belmont county, He married Anna Danby, April 15, 1875. Resides on Belmont street, Bellaire. His father was killed at Petersburg in the rebellion. N. BORHAM, born in Jefferson, county, Ohio, in 1826. He was educated in the common schools and learned butchering, which business he always followed. In 1849, he married Margaret, daughter of Dr. William Oliver, of his native county. They are the parents of six children. In 1862, he removed to Martin's Ferry and followed his occupation until 1872, when he came to Bellaire and located where he is now engaged in the butchering and provision business. He served as marshal and constable in Martin’s Ferry for a number of years. JOHN DUBOIS, born in Colerain township, June 4, 1838; was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. In 1861, he married Maggie J., daughter of James Frasier, of St. Clairsville, by whom he has become the parent of seven children. In 1876, he came to Bellaire and engaged in the lumber, hay, feed and grain business, on the corner of Guernsey and Thirty-fourth street. T. B. LITTEN, born in Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1822; was educated in the common schools. He was engaged for a number of years with his father in the grain trade and then in the steamboating business some ten or twelve years. In 1841, he married Nancy, daughter of Judge Barnes. Commenced in the dry goods and grocery business at Rush Run, that county. From there he removed to Wellsburg, West Va., and then to Bellaire, where he is now engaged in the grocery and provision trade. After the death of his first wife he married in 1861, Adaline Hammond. ALBERT HORN was born in Bellaire, July 27, 1845. Educated in the schools of the city ; worked with his father in the coal business and on the river a number of years. In 1875, he engaged in the grocery and provision trade on Noble street, where he is still carrying on. In 1872, he married Harriet, daughter of Emanuel Wheeler, of Monmouthshire, South England. They have a family of two children. JOHN H. BROWN, born in Colerain township, Belmont county, Ohio, December 27, 1844. Educated in the common schools ; learned the blacksmith trade in Pleasant Grove, Ohio. Enlisted in Wheeling, W. Va., in the 1st Va. cavalry, February, 1863; served three years and was honorably discharged July 15, 1865, at Wheeling. Soon after his return home he commenced working at his trade on his own account at Bellaire. 'In 1866, he married Missouri C., daughter of Gideon Gray, of West Wheeling, Ohio. H. C. PUMPHREY, was torn in Wheeling, Va., in 1839 ; learned the butcher's trade at an early day and followed the business 274 - HISTORY OF BELMONT AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. in that city for seven years. From that place he removed to Galveston, Texas ; remained there but one year and then returned North and located in Bellaire in 1868, since which time he has been engaged in butchering. Shop on North Belmont street. He married Ernaline, daughter of James Moore, of Marshall county, W. Va., in 1858. PROF. HENRY C. BRANNEN was born in Bellaire, October, 1851. Educated at home and in the Lebanon Normal School (Ohio) where he graduated in 1869. He followed school teaching a number of years. Engaged for thirty years in the book and stationery trade. He was married to Catharine; daughter of John B. McCauley, of Bellaire, in 1871. JAMES NICOLL.-—This gentleman is one of the early pioneers of this section ; was born in the town of Berry, Worcester county, Mass., June 18, 1798; and migrated to Zanesville, Ohio, with his parents, while it yet was a wilderness, in 1812. His father died shortly after arriving at that place. His mother moved then to Newark, Ohio. The second war with Great Britain was then in progress' and at sixteen years of age James enlisted in the army, under Capt. John Spencer, in the 27th Regiment, U. S. Infantry, and served during the war. He was in the battle up the Thames river, where Harrison captured Proctor,s army ; was in the expedition against the British and Indians that left Detroit in the winter of 1814; was in the engagement of Mackinaw Island in the summer of the same year. Gen. Cass was chief in command of the American forces, in which this regiment took an active part. He was discharged in July, 1815, at Detroit, Michigan. JOSEPH E. BLACKBURN was born in Farmington, Belmont county, Ohio, in 1858. Educated in the schools at Martin's Ferry and Bellaire, Ohio ; learned his trade (that of mould maker) at Belmont Glass Works. He worked in Pittsburgh a year and then came to Bellaire and engaged with the Bellaire Goblet Company as mould maker, where he still remains. In 1879, he married Dora Truman. ISAAC C. AMBLER was born in Mead township, this county, in 1829. Attended the common schools and learned the engineer's trade at Wegee Coal Works' where he was engaged ten years ; from there to Pultney Coal Works, thence to Empire Works, and lastly to where he is now employed, at the Ohio Glass Works. 'In 1853 he was united in marriage to Eliza J. McKitrick, of Marietta, Ohio. JAMES H. MCFARLAND was born in Frederick county, Virginia, in 1850; was reared on a farm and received a common school education. He engaged in the Sewing Machine business with the "Weed Company," remaining in their employ for several years. In 1872, he commenced selling the "Singer," but now he represents the "Howe Company" in Belmont county. His office and headquarters are at Bellaire. In 1875 he was married to Anna, daughter of David and Casandre Malcom, of this city. H. D. MEEK, of the firm of W. L. Hamilton & Co., Agent for Davis' Sewing Machine Company, was born in Belmont county, Ohio, in 1847. Educated at Eastman College, Poughkeepsie, New York. In 1868 he commenced in the mercantile business in Bellaire and continued in the trade until 1873. The year prior to this date, he married Rosa, daughter of John and Rachel Kelly, of this city. In 1873 he organized the Bellaire Gas and Coke Company, of which he was Secretary and Superintendent for nearly six years. He then connected himself with the Davis Sewing Machine Company. W. L. Hamilton & CO. are located on Thirty-third street, and represent the Davis machine in the county of Belmont. R. J. GARRARD was born in. the county of Essex, England, in 1813. What book learning he obtained was at home. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to the general dry goods and grocery business with Mr. E. Clark near London. Here he remained three years. In the fall of 1837' he migrated to America and engaged in the wholesale and retail clothing business with Digby & Hopewell, of Pittsburgh. In May, 1844, he married Elizabeth Everson. In 1852 he took charge of the dry goods store of F. Bassett, of Wheeling, W. Va. In 1853, Bassett sold out and then he took charge of Gill, Kelley & Co.'s store in Benwood. In the spring of 1857, he removed to Bellaire, and engaged in general dry goods and grocery trade with M. N. Bowler, of Virginia. This partnership continued for some four years, after which time Mr. G. carried on the trade alone till the fall of 1875. Residence 513 Union street. ALEX. M. McELROY, born in Washington county, Pa., in 1848, and received a common school education. Commenced the printing business in Columbus, Ohio, but abandoned that on account of failing health, and engaged in the grocery trade in that city for two years. He then turned his attention to farming in Washington county, Pa., for awhile and then came to Belmont, county and farmed until 1873. He then removed to Bellaire and engaged in the grocery trade. He is now carrying on a general grocery and provision business on Belmont street. J. T. MERCER was born in Loydsville, Belmont, county, Ohio, in 1837, and received a liberal education in the common schools. He engaged in the drug business ; studied it as a profession and graduated in Pharmacy College, in Philadelphia, in 1857. He was one of two men of the state of Ohio that had studied the business as a profession and graduated at that time. The same year he started in business in Bellaire and was the first druggist of the city. At that time he says there was less than a thousand inhabitants. When starting he was told by an old citizen he had better turn his store into a grocery, as Dr. Birdsong's salts and pills had always effected a cure in his case and he thought they always would." He entered the United States service as quartermaster clerk in the first army corps, army of the Potomac. He was afterward transferred to headquarters of the army of West Virginia, then promoted to Assistant Adjutant General (rank of Colonel) on the staff of Gov. Brough, of Ohio ; reappointed on the staff of Gov. Anderson, of Ohio ; again reappointed by Gov. J. D. Cox. In May, 1866, he resigned and took charge of the settlement of claims of the state of Ohio against the general government. In 1868, he returned. to Bellaire and engaged in the business of railroad transfer and forwarding, in which he is still occupied. In 1870, the Wheeling Towboat and Barge Company was organized. In this company he was one of the original stockholders. In 1871, when the City Bank (now the First National Bank of Bellaire) was organized, he was its founder. The same year he became one of the charter members and stockholders of the Baron Manufacturing Company. He was made its first president and has remained as such. This establishment to-day is one of the leading manufacturing -establishments in the county. In 1874, he married Rachel, daughter of Jonathan Randolph, of Zanesville, Ohio. AUGUST SCHRAMM, born in Germany in 1831. Educated in his native country ; migrated to America and settled in Bellaire in 1854. At that time it was a small village of five hundred or six hundred inhabitants. He followed shoemaking thirteen years, then erected the house in which he now lives and started in the saloon business. The year previous to his removal to Bellaire he was married to Margaret Metzger, of Germany. In connection with his regular business, he is agent for all the leading German periodicals in the United States; is also a regular correspondent for the German papers at Wheeling and Pittsburgh., Residence and saloon on Union street. JAMES D. COFFMAN was born in Belmont county, Ohio, May 30, 1839. On the 29th of July, 1860, he married Mary J. Baker, of Woodsfield, Monroe county, Ohio. In April, 1861, he enlisted as a private in the 25th Regiment O. V. I., and became a member of Company B. He served twenty-two months, at the expiration of which time he was honorably discharged. Moved to Bellaire, June 6, 1872, and has been working in the rolling mill ever since. J. W. KING was born in St. Clairsville, Belmont county, Ohio, in 1827. His mother died when he was six years of age, and he was sent by his father to live in the country. At the age of thirteen he commenced working with his father in Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, at the saddle and harness business. After a short experience at that trade he was bound as an apprentice to learn the tailor's trade with Henry Bone, of Mt. Pleasant, but not finishing his trade with him, he went to Wheeling and worked two years with John Russell, on Market street: In 1846 he married Sarah A. Myers, of Martin's Ferry, Ohio. In 1848 he migrated to Bellaire and engaged in business. Mr. King may truly be called the " pioneer merchant tailor" of Bellaire. He is now located on Union street, near railroad bridge, and engaged in an. extensive trade. A. very significant fact in the history and life of Mr. K. is that he has mowed grass and hoed corn on the