PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 201 born a family of six children, the eldest of whom, a son, William J., died in 1853, when two years old; Charles Edwin is unmarried and remains at home with his parents; O. D. married Miss Harriet Anderson, and occupies the farm of his uncle, squire James Anderson; he is the father. of three childreu; William D. J. married Miss Enola Beckett; they have two children and live at the Estle homestead; Phebe J. died when one and one-half years old; Henry R. is unmarried and lives at home- Mr. and Mrs. Estle have for many years been identified with the Presbyterian Church, in which both were teachers of the Sunday-school in years gone by. Mr. Estle was formerly a Whig, but since the organization of the Republican party has been one of its stanchest adherents. He has served as a member of the School Board of his district, and was at one time a member of the Clifton Council. During the progress of. the Civil War Mr. .Estle, iu 1864, enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Forty-sixth Ohio Infantry, and served in West Virginia until the close- of the war. He belongs to the G. A. R. Post at Yellow Springs. His farm comprises one hundred and seventy acres of well-tilled land improved with good buildings, including a substantial residence, two good barns and the other structures necessary for the storage of grain aud the shelter of stock; the farm' is operated by the two sons, who have inherited in a marked degree the industry and application of their parents. The father of our subject was William Estle,. a native of New Jersey and a wheelwright by trade, but who in the latter years of his life engaged in farming. The mother bore the maiden name of Abigail Little. She was born in Pennsylvania, where the parents were married, and thence came to Ohio, settling first in Greene County. Later William Estle purchased land in Indiana, but never moved there. He afterward bought a farm in Green Township, Clark County, this .State, where he made his permanent home and died in 1859. The mother survived her hnsband ten years, dying in 1869. They were the parents of eight children, fonr of whom are living: Phebe J., the widow of the Rev. Moses Russell, is a resident of Clifton; Marian is the wife of the Rev. William White, and they live in South Carolina; Charles A. is a resident of Osborn, this State; William H., our subject, completes the list. Mrs. Estle was born May 15, 1832-, in Kentucky, and is a daughter of Orson D. and Elizabeth -(Brewer) Farrow, who were natives, of Mason County, Ky., where they were reared and married. Thence they removed to Indiana, prior to the Civil War, locating in Putnam Connty, where the father died in 1863. The mother survived until 1884, spending the closing years of her life in Clark County, Ohio. Of the six children born to them four survive—William Henry :is a resident of Indiana; John B. lives in Kentucky; Hannah E. is the wife of Robert Gilmore, and makes- her home in Iroquois County, Ill. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Estle was Col. William Farrow, of Kentucky, who commanded a regiment during the Revolutionary War. He lived to great age, spending his last years in Kentucky Several of Mrs. Estle's uncles fought as Union soldiers in the late Civil War. WILLIAM FOOS. In the honored class of self-made men, Americacan boast of some names as illustrious as make. glorious the history of any nation. In the career of the subject of this sketch, whose portrait will be noticed on the opposite page, is finely illustrated that of a man who, beginning life withont any means and dependent upon his own resources, has made his way upward, step by step, until he now occupies an enviable position among his fellow-men. Mr. Foos is in many respects a remarkable man, and at an early period in his life gaven indication of the mettle of which he was made. He began life's battle for himself at the age of fourteen years as the manager of a farm which he rented from his maternal grandfather. He was successful in his under taking, and from that time on his career has been one of which he and his descendants may well be proud. He is owner of one of the finest estates in Southern Ohio, this including large landed interests, while in the city" of Springfield, to which 202 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. he Came in August, 1837, he operates as a banker, and is otherwise prominently identified with its most important interests. About 1861 Mr. Foos was engaged in private banking, and when the law creating national banks went into effect he changed the institution which he inaugurated, into the Second National Bank, of Springfield, and operated it very successfully for a period of twenty years, each year declaring a dividend of from 10 to 12 per cent. At the expiration of this time he sold his stock at 100 per cent. premium on its par value, having decided to dispose of his banking interests on account of ill-health. He was at that time President, and his son, F. W. Foos, was Cashier. He is widely and favorably known throughout this section of the country, and is acknowledged as having contributed in no small degree to the growth and prosperity of this country. In reverting to the antecedents of the subject of this notice, we find that he was born in Franklin County, this State, July 14, 1814, and is the son of Gen. Joseph and Margaret (Phifer) Foos, who were among the earliest residents of Franklin, then the county seat of that county, and who spent their last days in Madison, Ohio. Gen. Joseph Foos was a man of great energy, and took an active part in public affairs. He received the appointment of Brigadier-General. of militia, and agitated the matter of a ship canal across the Isthmus of Darien. The project was considered wild and im practicable, and was spoken of in those days as "Foos' Folly." Gen. Foos investigated the feasibility of the canal across that isthmus, and published a pamphlet setting forth the great benefit which would result to the world of commerce from such a canal. He at the same time prepared maps and plans to further illustrate the design.. Later, and after the death of Gen. Foos and when Tom Corwin was Senator from Ohio, the question of the canal was brought up in the Senate and a senator in his remarks stated that, owing to the right of discovery of the plan, England claimed the right to construct and Control the canal. Senator Corwin retorted that such was not the case, but that the credit and honor of being the first originator of that enterprise belonged to the late Gen. Joseph Foos, and he substantiated the statement by sending back to Ohio and getting a copy of the pamphlet. Gen. Foos was a member of the Ohio Legislature for eighteen years while living in Franklin County, as a representative of the Whig party. The State Capital was then at Chillicothe, and it was in a large measure due to the influence of Gen. Foos that the Capital was changed to Columbus. The citizens were so well pleased with .the efforts of Gen. Foos on their behalf that they presented him With a choice lot on High Street, Colnmbus, as a slight testimonial of their regard. By a Sensible: application to his studies during the limited, time which he was permitted to spend in school, our subject acquired a fair education, and after the age of fourteen years was required to labor for the support of the family. After carrying on the farm above spoken of a few years, assisted by two younger brothers, he decided upon a change of occupation, and began his real business experience at the age of nineteen years, at Pekin, Ill., ,being employed as a clerk in a dry-goods store. He furnished his horse and saddle and rode through the entire journey. At the age of twenty-three (1837) he, with a partner, opened a dry-goods store at Springfield, but finding that the partner was not wholly reliable, he sold out and changed the scene of his operations to Logan and Madison Counties, continuing in the mercantile business. Leaving Logan County two or three years later, Mr. Foos established himself at London, Madison County, still engaged in the dry-goods trade, but during his stay in that county he purchased and improved a farm near London. In 1846 he re tnrned to Springfield and again engaged in merchandising, at which he continued until 1854. During this time he also became interested in a number of outside business enterprises, buying wool-, operating a cotton-mill, and in connection with his brother, laid out ninety acres of land in city lots, making an addition which now contains some of the handsomest residence property in the city. In 1859 William and Gustavns Foos established a private banking house, which, in 1863, became the present Second National Bank.. Of this, Mr, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 203 Foos was President, and his son, Fergns W., was Cashier. For a period of eleven years, from 1866 to 1877, Mr. Foss was a member of the firm of James Leffel & Co., manufacturers of the celebrated Leffel Turbine water wheel and other mill machinery. It is a recognized fact that all concerned in this enterprise realized large profits,and it is but just to say that the success attained was largely to the energy and ability of Mr. Foos and his son, Lamar, the latter of whom was in charge of the branch house in New York City. Disposing of his mercantile interests in 1854, Mr. Foos purchased four thousand acres of wild land in Champaign County, Ill. He then put up a neat and substantial residence on High Street, in Springfield, and concluded to retire from active business. Only a short time had elapsed, however, until he became convinced that he was too young to retire from active life, and so the banking house of Foos & Bro. was established. About this time Mr. Foos began developing the plan for the improvement of his Illinois lands, and in this enterprise spent thousands of dollars. The result of this was fully in accordance with his expectations, and the great farm thus opened is probably one of the finest and best conducted of any in the West, not excepting any east or west of the Mississippi. It is cut through the centre by the Wabash Railroad, and upon it is located the station and village of Foosland, laid out and built up mostly by the means and enterprise of the projector. The above mentioned farm is furnished with an abundance of water by Lone Tree Creek and Sangamon River, which pass through it, and which also affords excellent drainage. Further drainage has been secured by fifteen miles of open ditch, and in addition to this, several thousand dollars worth of tile drains. The farm has thirty-six miles of fence, twenty-five miles of which is fine osage orange hedge, which at all seasons of the year presents a beautiful appearance, being neatly trimmed, and like everything else abont the place, kept in the best of order. The ground is so systematically laid out and the fields are so numbered that, in connection with a system of monthly reports, Mr. Foos is able at all times to have a thorough knowledge of the proceeds and expenses. and thus, although he can only visit it a few times during the year, he is enabled to understand fully where he stands financially in regard to it. This farm is largely devoted to stock-raising, accommodating usually $40,000 worth, constantly cared for by a Superintendent. On the place are ten houses, also ten barns located at convenient points. Mr. Foos, in the spring of 1880, sold two hundred head of fat cattle at $7.56 per hundred in his yard, and their average was seventeen hundred and forty pounds. That same year fifteen hundred acres of ground was subjected to careful cultivation, while five hundred acres in meadow and pasture land furnished abundant food for the live stoek. During some seasons five hundred tons of hay are cut and cured. Thus, it must be acknowledged, in addition to being a business man of more than ordinary capacities, Mr. Foos Is also a first class farmer. The marriage of William Foos and Miss Sarah Mark was celebrated at the bride's home, in 1837. Mrs. Foos was born on September 21, 1817. in Madison County, Ohio, and is the daughter of James and Nancy (Van Kirk) Mark. The father was a native of Lexington, Ky., and the mother of Bourbon County, Ky. Mr. Mark and Walter Dunn entered lands in Madison County at Government prices, and after Mr. Mark moved on his land a tribe of Indians were on the land and held possession for six months. They lived and died in Madison County, Ohio—the father aged sixty-seven, and the mother aged ninety-seven and one-half years. In April, 1889, Mr. and Mrs. Foos purchased the ground and built upon it the handsome edifice known as the Chnrch of Heavenly Rest. It is Gothic in style, built of brick with stone trimmings and slate roof, and finished and furnished in the most complete manner. The entrance is on Plum Street and the building forms one of the attractions of the city, being in point of architectnre second to nothing of the kind in Springfield. In the rear of the main building is a room for Sunday-school purposes, which is neatly and handsomely furnished, and the study is situated between this and the main audience room. Every comfort and ccnvenience is afforded the rector for the pursu- 204 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ance of his studies. The present pastor is the Rev. C. Young. Mr. Foos and his wife also purchased the house and lot adjoining for a parsonage. The total amount expended in this manner by them has not been less than $20,000, all of which has been bestowed as a free gift to the church, with the furniture contained therein. They also paid $1,000 toward the purchase of the magnificent pipe organ. Dt is hardly necessary to say that both Mr. and Mrs. Foos are devoted members of this church, whose progress and growth they have watched with the warmest solicitude, and in their substantial aid have signalized their interest in its prosperity and welfare. Politically, Mr. Foos is, and always has been, a stanch Republican. JOHN WALLACE. This gentleman is numbered among the leading citizens of that section of Greene County in which he resides, as he was formerly in Enon, Clark County, where he held the office of Postmaster and other positions of public trust. He is now occupying one of the most pleasant estates in Bath Township, which comprises one hundred and thirty acres on section 28, which property belongs to his wife. The farm has been finely improved and bears every necessary and convenient arrangement in the way of farm buildings, together with orchards and shrubbery and such adornments as befit the property of persons of taste and comfortable fortune. The father of our subject was Thomas Wallace, a native of England and an officer in the British army. His father had come to America and located at Newville, Pa., where he died, leaving property. 'Thomas Wallace obtained a leave of absence and came to America to secure his fortune, bringing with him his wife and infant son. Upon reaching this country, he found that city lots did not mean as much as in his native land at that time, but, nevertheless, he forgot to retnrn to England, preferring to become a citizen of the United States. After working at various occupations, he became overseer of a section of the Cumberland Valley Railroad, and later, a conductor, running for years between Newville and Philadelphia. He made his home in the former place, becoming a prominent man in the town, where he died in June, 1843. He was a believer in the tenets of the Episeopal Church. His first Wife, Mary Donaldson, a native of Scotland, died in the Keystone State, leaving five children. The first-born, Eliza, lives in Phila- delphia, Pa.; Sarah, Mrs. Huston, resides in New Carlisle, Clark County, Ohio; the third child and oldest son is he of whom we write; Thomas is de- ceased; Grizella, Mrs. Johnson, lives in Washington County, Kan.. The second marriage of Thomas Wallace resulted in the birth of a son, Samuel, who now lives in Philadelphia; he belonged to a Pennsylvania regiment at the time of the Civil War, until discharged on account of a shot received through the neck. The subject of this sketch opened his eyes to the light April 14, 1820, in the mother country, whence the family voyaged to America in a sailing-vessel spending three months on the way. He was reared and educated in Newville, Pa., and after the death of his mother, which occurred when he was eight years old, he went to live with a Mr. Coil, with whom he remained some seven years. He then worked on a farm until nearly seventeen years old, when he was apprenticed to a tailor until twenty-one. After serving his apprenticeship, he did journey-work up and down the Juniata River until 1846, when he came to Ohio. Locating at Enon, Clark County, Mr. Wallace opened a tailor shop, which he carried on until appointed Postmaster, in 1852. He served during the Pierce and Buchanan administrations, after which he began grafting in the Enon Nursery and became Superintendent of it. In 1866 he made another change, beginning a mereantile business, and continuing the same four years, after which he sold out and removed to Holt County, Mo. There he found employment at different occupations, principally in grafting and other departments of the nursery business, until some time time after his removal, when he purchased a small farm, operating the same until 1882. He then returned to Enon, and the next year removed to Osborn, where he has since made his home. The farm on PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 205 which he lives is rented, and he and his wife are enjoying merited rest from the more arduous labors of life, finding abundant occupation in social and religious duties. Mr. Wallace contracted his first matrimonial alliance November 24, 1842, in Pine Grove, Pa., the bride being Miss Martha Bush, a native of that place, who died in Missouri, October 8, 1878. On March 14,1883, he led to the hymeneal altar Mrs. Elizabeth (Cox) Staats, a lady of more than ordinary intelligence and nobility of character, whose family history is one of interest. She was born in Osborn, April 17, 1831, had common school advantages and exceptionally good home training. She remained with her parents until her marriage; December 3, 1850, to Mr. Edward Staats, who was assistant transportation agent at Springfield. He was born in Albany, N. Y., January 21, 1810, was reared and educated in his native city, where he begau clerking while but a boy. He subsequently went South, where he was in business for some years. He was a fine penman. Becoming bookkeeper and assistant agent at Springfield, in the employ of the Mad River and Lake Erie Railroad, he made that city his home until his removal to Osborn. He died in Detroit, Mich., in 1862. His widow remained with her father until her second marriage, spending the best years of her life in caring for her parents, a duty which she performed cheerfully and with pleasure, and which affords her gratification in the retrospect. She bore her first husband two children—John C. and Harriet Bleeker, the latter of whom died when 'five years old. The son was graduated from Wilts Commercial College, at Dayton, became a successful miner in Colorado, and is now a merchant in Aspen, of the Centennial State. The original ancestors of Mrs. Wallace were Hollanders, Peter Nue, the first male ancestor, being one of the original settlers of New Amsterdam. He owned property where Wall Street and the adjacent territory is now located. The family later settled throughout New Jersey, and still later- in Virginia. The grandfather, Judge John Cox, was born in Bridgewater, Somerset County, N. J., June 6, 1774- He was married in 1794 and a.couple of years later removed to Harrison County, Va., where his son John opened his eyes to the light September 16, 1800. A year after that event, Judge Cox, with his family, came to Greene County, Ohio, locating in Bath Township, and for a time engaged in farming and mercantile business in Fairfield. Two years after his arrival he made arrangements for the purchase of a large tract of land from Jonathan Mercer, who was living near the village, and who had a pre-emption right to some valnable lands in the valley. The tract purchased was north of Fairfield, bordering on the waters of the Mad River, including the present site of Osborn and the adjoining territory. The house first built upon it was of logs, its loca- tion being opposite the present site of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of Osborn. Judge Cox took a boat load of flour down the river to N. ew Orleans, the conveyance being a fiat-boat, which was the usnal means of river traffic, and taking the fever, he died soon after his return home, in 1821. John Cox, having been brought to this county when but an infant, grew to manhood here, acquiring all the education that was possible under the limited school privileges of the time. By obervation and individual study he added largely to the knowledge he obtained in the schoolroom, until his dying day keeping up his interest in the progress of the world. After his father's death he located on the old homestead, bought out the rest of the heirs, and by diligence, economy and hard labor soon made his way out of debt. He took care of his mother and improved the original Cox farm, adding to it tract after tract, until he had several hundred acres of fine land beside the original purchase. He also owned property in Dayton. town lots in Osborn and a farm near Rushville, Ill. In 1850 a survey was made for an extension of the old- Sandusky Railroad, and it was soon afterward built to Dayton. Mr. Cox, whose public spirit and interest in all improvements and matters of progress are well known, donated the land wanted by this railroad for right of way, and a station was made near the old homestead. Town lots were laid out, and he built the original buildings of the town, both private and public and to his determination, sagacity, energy and generosity Osborn owes much of what it is to-day. It was 206 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. laid out in 1851, and first called Elizabethtown, but soon afterward the name was changed, and it was given by Mr. Cox that which it now bears, in honor of the gentleman who was then Superintendent of the Mad River and Lake Erie Railroad. Mr. Cox afterward made five additions to the town, and through his generosity and business foresight the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad was also induced to pass through his farms. He and James and Samuel Kable built and were the original owners of the mills at Osborn, which were put up many years before the town was built; they were rebuilt by Samuel Stafford, and later by Joseph Harshman. In 1868 Mr. Cox built the house where our subject now lives, and there spent his last years. For two or three years prior to his death he was confined to his bed most of the time from paralysis, but his mental faculties were well preserved, and he was anxions to learn the daily happenings and important events, keeping himself well informed, and but little escaping his memory. He was always serene and happy as in his youthfnl days. He breathed his last at 6 o'clock on the morning of Easter Sunday, April 9, 1882. He had always favored the building of schoolhouses and churches, and left the Methodist Episcopal Society, of which he was a member, a small legacy to pay the balance of their church debt. For about eighty-one years he had lived in the county, and had seen the vast Northwestern Territory change from the almost interminable grounds of the Indian tribes into cultivated farms, towns and cities, through which ran the great highways of the Anglo-Saxon race; and the Government changed from that of territorial dependence, into that of large States teaming with an industrial and self-governing population. It must have been a great source of pleasure to witness the improvements around him, to which his own hand had so largely contributed, and in his deelining years enjoy the esteem of his fellow citizens and many friends. The wife of John Cox and the mother of Mrs. Wallace was Harriet H. Cook, who was born in Morristown, N. J., May 4, 1804. She was educated there, was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and cheered by her faith entered into rest October 5, 1871. Her father, Squire Abraham Cook, a native of New Jersey, was a shoemaker there. he finally came to Ohio, locating near Fairfield, this county, and afterward taking- up his abode on a farm in Bethel Township, Clark County, two and a half miles north of Osborn, where he engaged in farming until his death. He was a prominent citizen, was one of the first Presbyterians in the settle. ment and was well known as a rigid Calvinist. To Mr. and Mrs. John Cox seven children were born, Mrs. Elizabeth Wallace being the third. Of the others, Mrs. Mary Johnston' is nowdeceased; Jonathan C. lives near Yellow Springs; Mrs. Julia A. Worley lives in Osborn; William DI. died in Bath, Township in 1887; John C. is in the grocery business in Dayton; Theodore F. lives in Bath Township. Mr. Wallace during his residence in Enon served on the School Board and in the Common Council; he was also Mayor of that city one year. He belongs to the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Osborn, and has been demitted from the Royal Arch Masons and Conan. In politics he is a Demoerat, while his wife is an equally strong behever in the principles of the Republican party. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he has been Class-Leader and Trustee. Mrs. Wallace is a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church. CAPT. SAMUEL A. TODD, a resident of Springfield, who is prominently and honorably identified with the civic life of Clark County, as County Recorder, is a native of this section of Ohio, a fine representative of well-known pioneer families, of this State, and in both his public and private career has shown himself to be a worthy son of the soil. The Captain is a veteran of the late war. He was in the prime and vigor of early manhood, when the civil strife broke out, truly a time that tried men's souls," and he showed of what stuff he was made, by laying aside all personal aims and ambitions, to take his place among the brave fellows who had volunteered to defend the Union, and as a leader of men on many a hard PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 207 fought battle-field in the terrible years that followed he won a military record of which his State, his fellow-citizens, his wife and children may well be proud- Capt. Todd was born in Green Township, this county, June 22, 1836, coming of a sturdy pioneer race, from whom he inherited those marked traits of character that have made him prominent in every walk of life in which duty or circumstance has led him- James Todd, his father, was born in Washington County, Pa., his father, bearing the- same name, having come to this country from his native Dreland when he was a young man, and settled in that State. HO followed his trade of- a millwright there until about 1810, when he came to Ohio, and located on what is now known as the Todd's Fork of the Little Miami River: He was an early pioneer of that section of the State, and worked at his trade there many years, and there his life was brought to a close at a ripe old age. He was a Presbyterian, strong in the faith, and was respected for the integrity of his life. The maiden name of his wife was Mary Brand, and she was, it is thought, born in Philadelphia. She spent the latter part of her life in Warren County. The father of our subject was a lad. of fourteen years when his parents removed to' the wilds of Ohio. He learned the trade of a millwright of his older brother, and was actively engaged in it while a resident of Warren County. But the pioneer spirit of his father was strong within him, and he sought a home in the more recently settled region of Clark County, shrewdly foreseeing that artisans of his calling and skill, would be in demand in a newly-settled country, and coming here in 1815, he assisted in building many of the first mills ever erected in this part of Ohio. He carried on his trade many years, but a man of large enterprise; he found time to devote himself to other things, and buying a large tract of land in Green Township, he superintended the improvement of a farm, which under his able management, became one of the fiuest in that locality. He erected one of the first brick houses in that township, and in the last years of his life lived in retirement, having accumulated a handsome competence. December 29, 1863, he rouuded out a life, whose record was unblemished, and while his memory will ever be held in respect by his children and children's children for what, he was as a man, he will also be held in remembrance by the county at large as one of its honored pioneers. The maiden name of the mother of our subject, was Elizabeth Garlough, and she was born in Washington County, Md., January 12, 1799. Her parents coming to this connty when she was a young girl, she was reared amid its pioneer scenes. She was an adept in all the household arts of those days, used to spin and weave, and make all the cloth worn in the family, and she did all her cooking before the open fire in the huge, old-fashioned fireplace. She lived to a good old age, dying April 13, 1890, in the home of a daughter adjoining the old homestead, where so many years of her life were passed. The father of our subject was reared a Presbyterian, and was true to the faith of his fathers all his days. His mother- was reared in the LutheranChurch, but at the age of seventeen was converted from that faith to Presbyterianism, and joining the church of that denomination at Clifton, in Greene County, was a devoted member until her death, a period of seventy-three years. She was the mother of nine children, all of whom grew to manhood and womanhood, namely: Margaret John H.; Mary A., deceased; Catherine A., William B., Sarah M., Samuel A., Nancy N., and James. John H., and Catherine are deceased. The maternal grandfather of our subject, John Garlough, was intimately connected with the history of the first years of the settlement of Clark County, while his father, John Henry Garlough, was the first pioneer to die in Clark County, his death occurring in what is now Green Township in the year 1810, and he lies sleeping the last sleep, in what is now called Garlough's Cemetery. He and his son were born in Germany by the famous river Rhine. He emigrated to this country in Colonial times, and served with honor in the Revolutionary War, in the interests of the colonists. Asa memento of that event, the subject's brother, James, has a watch in his possession that the great-grandfather purchased of a British officer. During the strife, Mr. Garlough settled in Washington County, Md., where he resided until 1807. He then came to this State, and cast in his lot 208 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. with the early settlers of Greene County. He spent one year there, and then came to Clark County in 1808, but his life was of brief duration after his settlement in Green Township, his death occurring as before mentioned. The maternal grandfather of onr subject was young when his parents came to America, and he was reared and married in Maryland. He was a slaveholder while a resident of that State, but the Constitution of this State forbade slavery, so that he had to leave his slaves behind when he came here to found a new home in 1807. After spending a year in Greene County, he came to Clark County, and was one of the earliest settlers of what is now Green Township. At that time the greater part of Ohio was in a wild, sparsely settled condition, Indians still living here, and the most of the land in the hands of the Government, and for sale at $1.25 an acre. Deer, bear, and other wild animals were plenty, and were often tronblesome to the settlers. Mr. Garlough bought eight hundred acres of land, erected upon it a large log house, and at once commenced the task of clearing a farm from the wilderness. He also gave his attention to other enterprises, building a sawmill, one of the first in that section of the country, and made preparations to erect a gristmill, when his life, that bade fair to be of great use in developing the resources of the connty, was brought to a premature end by his death, which was caused by an ox goring him. The maiden name of his wife, grandmother of onr subject, was Margaret Eichelbarger, and she was born in Maryland, of German ancestry. Both she and her husband were Lutherans in religion. Capt. S. A. Todd obtained the rudiments of education in the local district school, which was further advanced by his attendance at select schools at Clifton and Cedarville. He resided with his parents until his marriage, and then settled on his father-in-law's farm, where he remained, carrying on agricultural pnrsuits until 1858. In that year he established himself in the grocery business at Concord, and in 1860 bought an interest in a blacksmith shop, and continued in business there until 1861. The patriotic blood of a Revolutionary grandsire coursed through his veins, and he determined with characteristic loyalty to help save the union of the country for whose freedom his grandfather had fought, and as soon as he could settle his affairs, he enlisted in July of that year as a private in Company F, Forty-fourth Ohio Infantry. He was soon promoted from the ranks to be First Sergeant of his company, and in June, 1862, his gallant service gained him promotion to be Second Lieutenant. Early in 1863 his cool daring in the heat of battle, and his marked efficiency as an officer, his modest bearing, and his habit of doing his duty at whatever cost, all of which had been carefully noted by his superiors in command, raised him to the position of First Lieutenant, and at Knoxville, Tenn., in the same year, he was assigued to the staff of the unorganized brigade, and as First Lieutenant, commanded the Ninth Tennessee Cavalry during the siege of Knoxville, and his brilliant services gained him new honors. He built the liue of works around the east side of the city, and whenever practicable led his troops to the onslaught, animating them to brave deeds. After that experience he was assigned to the First Brigade, Third Division, Twenty-third Army Corps, as Assistaut Commissary Sergeant, under Col. S. A. Gilbert, and he acted in that capacity until his regiment re-enlisted. He re-enlisted with Company F, Eighth Ohio Cavalry, and was chosen Captain of the company by his enthusiastic comrades, and received his commission, but was not mustered, and on the organization of the regiment, the honor was paid him of selecting him for Major. But Gov. Brough refused to commission him for that position, as he had issued an order in February, 1864, announcing that all promotions would be by seniority in rank. Our subject was with his regiment until November, 1864, when he was obliged to resign from the army on account of disability, as an almost continuous service of three long years and more, with its attendant hardships, sacrifices, and discomforts, had told on a naturally vigorous constitution, and he was honorably discharged at Hart's Island, in New York Harbor. He returned to his home in Green Township, to his anxious family and many friends who gladly welcomed him in their midst, and paid him the honor due to the hero of many battles. Being unable to perform any manual labor, the Captain entered Harrison's Commercial College, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 211 and after pursuing a thorough course of study in that institution, he accepted a position as clerk and book-keeper in Springfield, acting in those combined capacities uutil 1870, and then' started on the road to represent the house of Babitt, Harkness & Co., wholesale grocers of Cincinnati, and for nine years traveled in Ohio and Indiana in their interests. At the expiration of that time he engaged in the mercantile brokerage business one year in Indianapo- lis, and in 1881 returned to Springfield, and shortly after was nominated by the Republican party as Recorder of Clark County, was elected the same fall, was re-elected in 1884, and again in 1887, and is now serving his third term, and is one of our most popular and efficient officials. He is a man of high personal standing, of unblemished reputation, of generous feeling, and fine public spirit, and advauces the interests of his native county in whatever way he can. His calm judgment, rare business talent, and wide experience fit him admirably for civic life. He and his amiable wife and family are prominent in religious and social circles; they are valued members of the Presbyterian Chureh; and.the memories of his war days are kept alive by his connection with the Grand Army of the Republic as a member of Mitchell Post, No. 45, and of the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion. In his private life our subject is blessed with a true wife, to whose inflnence he owes much happiness. He was married January 3, 1856, to Miss Marietta Wood, a native of Springfield Township, this county, and a (laughter of Thomas S. and Rhoda (Morton) Wood. Seven children complete the household of our subject and his wife, as follows: Allie E., William B., Edith, James A., Fred E., Edwin S., and Clinton E. JOHN RIFE. In the career of Mr. Rife, one of the leading men of Miami Township, Greene County, is finely illustrated the results of perseverance and industry. He began at the foot of the ladder in life, without other resources than the physical strength with which nature had endowed him and the determination to be somebody in the world, socially and financially. He possesses a large amount of "pure grit," and seldom undertakes anything of which he does not make a success. He believes that there is always room at the top, and has a most healthy respect for the America institutions which enable any man to rise, no matter what may have been his condition or antecedents. Coming of substantial ancestry and a native of Pennsylvania, Mr. Rife was born near the famons battle ground of Gettysburg, September 24, 1832. He never attended school a day in his life, but this would scarcely be suspected, as he first managed to learn to read, and by keeping himself posted in regard to current events, and having a natnral adaptation to business, he is found to be an exceedingly well-informed man, not in the least behind his neighbors, many of whom enjoyed liberal advantages in their youth. He commenced paddling his own canoe at the age of sixteen years, chopping wood in the mountains, and even then gave to his father the greater part of his earnings. At the age of seventeen he began an apprenticeship at blacksmithing and served two years. In the spring of 1852 Mr. Rife emigrated to Ohio, and hired out to a man to chop wood at thirty-three and one-third cents per cord. He was strong and robust, and usually put up his three cords per day, nearly every day until harvest time. He then cut wheat at sixty-two and one-half cents per acre, and made over $2 per day. This was before the days of reapers and mowers, and, when wheat was cut with a cradle. After harvest he worked at his trade for William Cowan, of Springfield, remaining with him until September following. In the meantime he put the iron on a carriage, which is still being used and in good condition. We next find Mr. Rife in Springfield, Ill., keeping his eyes open to what was going on around him, and listening to the speeches of Douglas and Lincoln during the campaign of 1852. Next he crossed the Mississippi and for a time sojourned at Dubuqne, Iowa. Then returning to Illinois, he spent the winter at Naples, working at his trade. In March, 1853, he returned to Pennsylvania, remaining there until the following August. Next, 212 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. starting out once more for the West, he established himself at Logansport, Ind., where he worked at his trade through the winter and in the spring came back to Ohio. Putting up a blacksmith-shop in what was known as the Gillett neighborhood, Mr. Rife worked at his trade until harvest time, then went into the wheat fields again, working for William Kelly on the Clifton and Springfield Road one month. Later he associated himself in partnership with S. H. Marshall, at Pitchin, Clark County, and they operated a blacksmith-shop until Mr. Marshall went West. Mr. Rife then took Samuel Hatfield as a partner, but not long afterward sold out and became the employe of his partner. In 1858 Mr. Rife went to Selma, Clark County, Ohio, where he worked at his trade until 1862. Being troubled now with an affection of the eyes, he determined upon a change of occupation, and leased twelve hundred acres of land from the Taylor heirs in Greene and Clark Countios. He operated this successfully for five years, then sub-leased it and afterward effected a sale in behalf of the heirs. In April, 1866, Mr. Rife purchased the land which he now owns and occupies. The original tract embraced two hnndred and twenty-eight acres, to which he subsequently added one hundred and seventy-six acres. He settled upon it in 1867, and has since maintained his residence there. He has deeded one hundred acres to his son Stephen K., and also one hundred acres to George, but has sufficient remaining, in addition to his possessions in Kansas, to defend him against want in his old age. The home farm was originally a part of the well-known Randolph tract, owned by Richard Randolph, a relative of John Randolph, the old hero of Roanoke. Mr. Rife put up all the buildings on the place, and effected all the other improvements thereon. In accomplishing this no small outlay of time, labor and money has been involved, but he has reason to feel well repaid for his labor and his investment of capital, as he has a substantial and comfortahle home, and one which forms a fitting monument to his industry and perseverance. For nearly thirty-four years Mr. Rife has been accompanied on the journey of life by a very estimable lady, who in her girlhood was Miss Mary J. Kitchen, and to whom he was joined in wedlock September 25, 1856, at the bride's home in Clark County, Ohio. Mrs. Rife was born August 11, 1836, in Clark County, and is the daughter of Abraham and Matilda (Jones) Kitchen, the former a native of Warren County and the latter of Greene County, this State. For over seventy years they were residents of Clark County. Both died in 1888, Mrs. Kitchen in the month of April and her. husband in June following. They were the parents of eight children, five of whom are living and who are residents of Clark County, Ohio. Mrs. Rife was given a good education, and followed the profession of a teacher some time before her marriage. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Rife, the eldest of whom, a son, George W., married Miss Jenny Garlough, is the father of three children and lives at the homestead; Stephen K. married Miss Ada Stormont and lives in Harper County, Kan.; they have two children ; John B. and Frederick F. are unmarried; the former is at home and the latter lives in Harper County, Kan.; Anna and Frank A. died at the ages of three and eighteen years respectively ; Mary M., William C., Maggie 13. aud Lee E. remain under the parental roof. Mr. and Mrs. Rife are prominently connected with the United Presbyterian Church at Clifton, in which Mr. Rife officiates as a Trustee, anti in which his son, George W., is a Ruling' Elder. Mr. Rife is a teacher in the Sunday-school, and his daughter Mary is secretary of the same. For fifteen years Mr. Rife has been a member of the School Board of Clifton, officiating as President and Treasurer. He was for some time the Trustee of Miami Township, but finally resigned. He has held many positions of trust and responsibility in the adjustment of property, serving as executor of the Rakestraw estate, which he settled up satisfactorily, and he was also administrator of the estates of William Tennyhill and James A. Johnston, of Bath Township. He was elected foreman of the jury at Cincinnati which tried Hopkins, of the Hopkins and Harper Fidelity Bank, in the winter of 1888-89. This case attracted universal attention throughout the country, being one of the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 213 most important of any which has come before the public in connection with the wrecking of a bank, and in which the guilty parties were convicted and sentenced for a term of years. The father of our subject was Daniel Rife, likewise a native of the Keystone State, and born about 1795 near Gettysburg. He was reared to farming pursuits, which he followed all his life. He was married in 1829, in his native State, to Mary Foreman, who was born in Adams County, Pa., in 1800. They spent their entire lives in their native State, the mother dying in 1870 and the father about 1875. Of this union there were born five children, viz.: Catherine S., who died in Pennsylvania when about thirty years old ; John, our subject; Peter and David, both residents of Pennsylvania, and Samuel, who lives in Illinois. There were also born to the mother five children by a previous marriage. Besides the farm on which be resides, Mr. Rife owns three hundred and twenty acres of farming land in Harper Connty, Kan., and which is occupied by his son. There also he has fine improvements. Mr. Rife was reared under the wing of the Democratic party, but sojourned in Kansas during the border troubles, and the scenes which he then witnessed had the effect to convert him into a thorough Abolitionist. He then joined the Republican party, remaining with it until the fall of 1888, when his warm interest in the temperance movement led him to identify himself with the Prohibitionists- He is totally opposed to the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors, and could he have his ,way about it they would soon be swept from the face of the earth. A lithographic portrait of Mr. Rife will be found elsewhere in this volume. JOSEPH W. PAGE. This intelligent, enterprising and Christian gentleman is now engaged in agricultural pursuits in Pleasant Township, Clark County, and ranks among the leading farmers and stock-raisers of that wall-developed region. He was born January 3, 1853, in this county, and was reared on a farm, reeeiving an excellent education in the common schools. He adopted the profession of a pedagogue, but after teaching in the common schools some ten years turned his attention to the work in which he is now engaged. After his, marriage which occurred December 22, 1881, he located in Moorefield Town ship, whence in March, 1887, he removed to his present home. This is two and one-half miles southeast of Catawba, the farm which he owns and occupies consisting of one hundred and seventy-seven acres. Thu estate bears adequate improvements and is a home of culture as well as of comfort. The worthy lady who presides with admirable tact and grace over the home of Mr. Page, became his wife December 22, 1881. She bore the maiden name of Sarah E. Yeazel and was born in Champaign County; November 14, 1863. She belongs to an excellent family which has long been repre- sented in this county. She received excellent advantages in her maidenhood and is instilling into the youthful minds of her daughters--Bessie B. and Mary E.—the principles of conduct which. should be manifested by all.- She is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as is her husband: He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. The grandparents of Mrs. Page were Jacob and Ellen (Foley) Teazel, who came from the Old' Dominion to this county, being early settlers in Moorefield Township. Their son, John A., was born in that township, and after reaching years of maturity married Mary Ann Baird, who belonged to an equally respectable family in Harmony Township. In the paternal line, Joseph W. Page is descended from Jonathan Page, a native of North Carolina, who removed thence to Kentncky, where his son, James C. was born, May 6, 1795.: From the vicinity, of Cynthiana the family removed to Clark- County, Ohio, in. the fall of 1803, locating in Moorefield Township, near Moorefield Chapel, where' James Page grew to manhood. He died at the home of his son, Jonathan H., in Pleasant Township, July 31, 1886. He married Keziah Harris, who was born March 20, 1803, in the East- 214 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ern part of the township, to which her parents had come from New Jersey. She died March 10, 1864. To this worthy couple ten children were born, and named respectively, Hannah A., Jonathan H., Jacob A., Sarah, Achsah, James N., Isaac E., Keziah, Joseph L., and May J. The last named died in childhood. Jonathan H. Page, the second child in the family above noted, was born April 10, 1827, and on October 15, 1863, removed to Pleasant Township, where he resided until March, 1869. He then went to Sangamon. County, Ill., but in the fall of 1872 returned to his native county and took up his residence on a farm two miles south. east of Catawba. For the past four years he has been living in the village. He has served as Township Trustee three terms and has been Assessor during the past four years. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His wife, Elizabeth Runyan, was born in Pleasant Township, November 11, 1829, being one of the eight children of George and Catherine (Jones) Runyan. Her father was a farmer and a strong and devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the work of which he was quite a leader. He was one of the five sons and six daughters born to Joseph Runyan who located in this county in 1811, having come to Warren County from Harrison County, Va., in 1806. The brothers of George Runyan are Thomas, Isaac, William and Eli. Mrs. Elizabeth (Runyan) Page has borne her hnsband four children, the subject of this sketch being the first-born. The second child is Charles B.; the third is Isaac C., a Methodist Episcopal minister of South Charleston who was educated in Wittenburg College; the youngest son, John W., died May 9, 1889, just after his graduation from the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati, thus cutting off a life which gave promise of much use- fulness. Jonathan Page Sr., the paternal great-grandfather of our subject was born October 4, 1766, in North Carolina and came from English stock. He departed this life July 26, 1840. He was one of the early settlers of Kentucky and purchased a tract of land near Cynthiana, Harrison County, upon which he resided for a few years but becoming dissatisfied with the title sold out and in the autum of 1803 removed to Moorefield Township. He se tied in the vicinity of the ground now occupied b Moorefield. Chapel, on land now owned by A. W Mumper, Esq. In the spring of 1806, great-grandfather Page purchased and settled on a' half section of land in the eastern part of the township where he resided until his death. On this farm was planted one of the first orchards in the county. He was one of the early pedagogues of that region, a man of more than ordinary intelligence and looked up to in his commumity. He served as a soldier in Hawley's Army and was one of those in the famous St. Clair's defeat. While a resident of Kentucky he married Miss Hannah Jones who was born August 12, 1773, and who died March 3, 1852. The result of this union was six children, namely : James C.; Evan; Hannah, Linsey and Jonathan B. and John, twins. The latter died August 10, 1825, aged eighteen years. EDWARD C. GWYN, President of he Board of Trustees of the Springfield Water Works, occupies a high position in connection with one of the most important enterprises in this city. The Board in selecting their President knew with whom they were dealing, as Mr. Gwyn is a native of Springfield and has here spent the greater part of his life. He was born August 12, 1851, and is thus on the sunny side of forty, but he is a man of more than ordinary capacities and is thoroughly qualified for the duties of his. position. Mr. Gwyn is a representative of an excellent family, being the son of Edward Gwyn who was born in the city of London, England, May 12, 1816. The paternal grandfather, John Gwyn, also of English birth and ancestry, emigrated to the United States in 1859, following his son Edward who had crossed the Atlantic in 1847. The latter in due time was married in London, England, to Miss Isabella Turnbull; after landing in New York they at once removed to Wood County, Ohio, and settled upon a tract of wild land which the father secured from the Government. That section of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 215 country was then comparatively a wilderness and much sickness abounded among the settlers which finally resulted in the removal of Mr. Gwyn tp Cincinnati. Later he removed to Dayton and from there to Springfield, where he operated as a contractor and builder of gas and water works. He became well-to-do, owning at one time as many as seven gas plants. He was the founder of the gas works in Springfield which he operated for a number of years. Edward Gwyn during the late war engaged in the manufacture of small arms, among these being the celebrated Union rifle. He associated himself in partnership with Abner C. Campbell of Hamilton, this State, in the manufacture of guns and for several years t: as the representative of the Champion Reaper & Mower Works at Springfield, going to South America and Chili where he established agencies to handle these machines. Later he represented the firm during the centennial exposition of 1876 at Philadelphia. He crossed the Atlantic the following season and visited the Paris Exposition in the interests of Warder, Bnshnell & Glessner, and afterward went to Rotterdam, Holland, where his death took place May, 25, 1879. He had traveled extensively all over Europe before coming to this country. In 1857 the father of our subject, during the California gold excitement, went overland to the Pacific Slope, making the journey by wagon and on foot with a company of others and returning by the water route. His wife accompanied him in most of his travels and was with him at the time of his death. She returned to Springfield with his remains which were laid to rest in Ferncliff Cemetery. The mother and five children are still living; Amelia, the eldest, is the widow of Thomas Spencer and lives in Springfield; Rosa is the widow of George W. Driscoll ,and lives in Springfield; Edward C., our subject, is the next eldest; Mary is the wife of W. W. Sheibley of Tiffin, this State; Violet married D. B. Hyde and they are living in Bridgeport, Conn. The subject of this notice spent his boyhood days mostly in Hamilton, Butler County, this State, and wheu leaving school became the assistant of his father in the gas and water works in different places and when competent, took charge of the works at Springfield. He was also for a time at Dayton, Norwalk and Altoona, Pa. Subsequently, returning to Springfield he engaged in the wood and lumber business for a few years, handling mostly the choicer grades of lumber. Later he became connected with the gas works at Upper Sandusky and in 1881 assisted in establishing the water works in Springfield and for six months was Superintendent of construction. He resigned this position to accept the Secretaryship and Assistant Superintendency of the Springfield Gas Light Company, of which his father was the founder. This position he also resigned four years later, having in the meantime become interested as a stockholder in the Hoppes Manufacturing Company of which he was made Secretary and Treasurer. At the organization of the Springfield Water Works, in June, 1885, he was elected President and has since held the: position. Mr. Gwyn was married to his present wife, who was formerly Miss Isabel W. Smith, September 1, 1887. This lady was born November 1, 1863, in Springfield, and is the daughter of William R. and Mary (Ege) Smith, natives of Scotland and Pennsylvania respectively and who are now living in Springfield. She was reared to womanhood in her native city and' thus like her husband has spent her entire life there. Of this union there has been born one child, a son, 'Charles William, July 6, 1888. SAMUEL M. MALLOW. A. pleasant and well-improved farm about five miles southeast of Xenia, in Greene County, is the home of the gentleman above named, and under his able management produces crops which rank among the best both in quantity and quality. The estate comprises one hundred and fifty-nine broad acres, and forms a part of Caesar's Creek Township. The owner is an enterprising farmer, and a citizen whose worth is understood by his fellowmen., by whom he is esteemed accordingly. He began his career in life empty handed and has 216 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. reached a comfortable financial standing through his own determination and industry. The birth of Mr. Mallow took place in what is now Jasper Township, Greene County, May 6, 1831. His father, Col. George Mallow, was a native of Rockingham County, Va., and came to Ohio with his parents, their first settlement being made .near Springboro, Warren County. He afterwards become a resident of Greene County, where he died in 1861, at the age of about three-score and ten. His father, George Mallow, Sr., was of German origin, and also died in Greene County. The Colonel served in the War of 1812, and was afterward placed at the head of a militia regiment from which rank he derived his title. He married Miss Elizabeth Fudge, a native of the same county is himself, who lived to the age of seventy years, dying in 1864. They reared six children, named respectively: John, Clarissa, Amanda J., Elmira, Samuel M. and Henry M., the latter of Huntington County, and. Col. Mallow was a Whig and later a Republican. The subject of this sketch was reared upon a farm, and obtained as good an education as was possible in the common schools of the period and vicinity. He learned the trade of a blacksmith, but at the age of twenty-one years began life as a farmer. In 1858 he located on seventy acres of land to which he has since added, bringing up the acreage to the amount mentioned above, and placing the entire estate under good cultivation and improvement. In the spring of 1886 he was elected Trustee of the township, and has since filled the office very acceptably. He is a stanch Republican. On November 5, 1852, Mr. Mallow led to the Hymeneal altar Miss Amy DD. Adsit, who was born in Dutchess Connty, N. Y., July 30, 1831, and whose fine character and useful habits had won his regard. She is a member of the Reformed Church, is highly respected by her neighbors and acquaintances and devoted to the interests of her husband and children. She is the mother of one son and one danghter. George F. is still unmarried and at home; Susan A. is the wife of Charles McKay, of Clinton County, Ohio. The parents of Mrs. Mallow, Hiram and Susan (Butts) Adsit, were born in Dutchess County, N. Y., and came to Ohio in the spring of 1833. Mr. Adsit located where our snbject now rem on one hundred and fifty acres of land, to which he afterward added fifty. He died September 7, 1847, at the age of forty years, his natal day having been June 4, 1807. His widow, who was August 19, 1807, survived him, becoming the wife of Jesse Boots, now deceased, and is yet living Mrs. Mallow is the youngest of three children reared by her parents, to whom six had been born The other survivors are Daniel and Silas. Hiram Adsit was the son of Elias Adsit, of the Empire State, who was twice married. His first wife was Amey Howe, who bore him three sons and one daughter; his second wife was Lucy Harrington who had no children. Grandfather Adsit came to Greene County, about 1830, and died in Xenia in 1856. He was of English origin. The mother of Mrs. Mallow is a daughter of Daniel and Isabelle (Gardner) Butts, both of whom died in the Empire State, and whose family included six sons and si daughters. JACOB GROVE, who is now living in Moorefield, taking his ease after years of arduous toil, is a native of Clark County, in which his eyes opened to the light of day, October 28, 1828. His parents, Phillip and Eva (Demeory) Grove, were natives of Loudoun County, Va., Whence they came to Ohio about 1827. They settled in Clark County, in what is now known as Pleasant Township, where they participated in the labors incidental to the development of this region, enduring many of the hardships of the Ohio pioneer. The log house had been built in the woods and in it the family, then comprising father, mother, and three children, located. The father breathed his last in 1852, when the county lost one of her best citizens. To Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Grove nine children were born, the subject of this sketch being the youngest of the survivors. The others are: Millie, wife of William Harris, of Pleasant Township; Sarah A., wife of William Waltman, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 217 also of Pleasant Township; and George, whose home is in Goshen, Township, Champaign County. The subject of this notice was reared to manhood amid the primitive scenes which were common in this county during the first half of the present century, and in his youth bore a part in the pioneer labors of the time. His educational advantages were very meager, as at that early day schools were scarcely known in the vicinity in which his father had settled. The little schooling that he obtained was received from the wife of John Mowder, of Pleasant Township, who taught a subscription school in her own house. During the greater part of his life Mr. Grove has been engaged in farming. Not many months after the Civil War began, Mr. Grove left his home to take up arms in defense of the flag he loved, and to do what a brave man could to uphold the Union. On September 14, 1861, he was enrolled as a private in Company F., Forty-fourth Ohio Infantry, and in different divisions of the army he served nnder Gens. Rosecrans, Burnside and Hunter. The regiment to which he belonged was held as a kind of reserve for about a year in West Virginia, where they fought at Louisburg, and Green Brier River, being finally chased out of the State by the Confederates. After crossing into Ohio the regiment was transferred to Kentucky, where they spent nearly a year, during this time participating in skirmishes at Winehester, Somerset, Richmond and Crab Orchard. They then went into Tennessee where they took part in the siege of Knoxville and the battle of Strawberry Plains- Here, with- others, Mr. Grove re-enlisted as a member of the Eighth Ohio Cavalry, and came home on a furlough. Rejoining his regiment he afterward spent another period in West Virginia, where under the command of Gen. Hunter, he was engaged in continuous fighting for about a month. He was finally discharged in November, 1864, and returued to his native county. He had several narrow escapes from death, was wounded in the right hand at Somerset, Ky., and from exposure was physically incapacitated to such an extent that he receives a pension of *22 per month from the Government to which he gave some of the best years of his life. On August 18, 1848, Mr. Grove was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Waltman, who was his faithful companion and helpmate for more than thirty years. She was born in this county, and here breathed her last in 1882, mourned by many friends. She had borne her husband four children : William, Frank, Mary A., and David. The first two are deceased ; the daughter is now the wife of Edgar Everhart, of Champaign County, and the youngest son is at home. On October 16, 1884, Mr. Grove was again married, his bride on this occasion being Mrs. Fidelia Runyan. This estimable lady was the widow of the late J. W. Runyan of this county, to whom she had borne four children. Her eldest son, Clay, is living in this county ; Lillian is the wife of Levi Bumgarduer, a merchant of Moorefield; Francis is deceased ; and Hattie is the wife of Charley Steward of Champaign County. Mrs. Grove is a native of Clinton County, where she was born December 25, 1838. Her parents, L. H. and Henrietta Wilson, were natives of Virginia and Ohio respectively, and her father came to this county with his parents when a boy. Both Mr. and Mrs. Wilson are numbered among the early workers in this vicinity, having assisted in the primitive labors of the county. Both Mr. and Mrs. Grove are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he has served as Steward and Class-Leader. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, his name being enrolled in the lodge at Catawba, and in the same place he belongs to a post of the Grand Army of the Republic. He owns a farm of sixty- five acres in Champaign County as well as property in Moorefield, all having been gained by his own exertions. In 1887, he removed from Pleasant Township to Moorefield, where he and his wife are highly respected and enjoy the society of many friends. WILLIAM G. CONFER. Among the comparatively few men who are remaining to tell the story of pioneer life in Ohio, Mr. Confer remains as a conspicuous figure. He looked upon this section of country when it was in its wildest form and has been a witness of the remark- 218 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. able transformation which has converted the wilderness into the abode of a civilized and prosperous people, and he may justly feel that he has borne no unimportant part in the great change which has been effected. He commenced at the foot of the ladder in the acquirement of a competency, and after years of hard labor found himself on the highway to prosperity. He is now practically independent, financially, as the result of persevering industry and good management. He stands as one of the old landmarks, who -has weathered the storms of many a gale, and whose name will be remembered long after he has been gathered to his fathers. A native of Hagerstown, Washington County, Md., Mr. Confer was born December '29, 1823, and came with his father to Ohio in 1834, when a lad of ten years. His early education was acquired in a log cabin schoolhouse, with puncheon floor, greased paper for window panes, and slab seats. He was at an early age taught to make himself useful and remained the assistant of his father on the farm until the latter's death. He still remained there afterward until his marriage. This most important event in his early manhood was celebrated December 29, 1857, the maiden of his choice being Miss Mary Jane, daughter of P. F. and Elizabeth (Wolf) Cost. The young people commenced their wedded life together on their own farm in a manner corresponding to their means and labored together with the mutual purpose of getting on in the world and acquiring a competence. Their first dwelling was a log cabin which they occupied until 1866, and then Mr. Confer was enabled to put up a more modern residence, expending thereon about $5,000. Subsequently, in 1876, he erected a large bank barn, 72x44 feet in dimensions, at a cost of about $2,000. He has also another bank barn, 30x50 feet in dimensions, which cost him $800. Numerous other structures on the premises indicate in a marked manner the enterprise of the proprietor. These include a stone milk-house, a cider press, a corn-shed, also a straw-shed and all the other structures necessary for the shelter of stock and the storage of grain. In addition to the improvements on his farm Mr. Confer has invested considerable capital elsewhere, putting up a livery barn at Yellow Springs, costing $1,500, also the post-office building there, 32x22 feet in dimensions, costing $465, and a small stable, costing $200. In 1864 he put up a house on the west part of his farm at a cost of $300. Mr. Confer is the offspring of an excellent family, being the son of George and Elizabeth (Bowman) Confer, the former a native of France and the latter of Hagerstown, Md., George Confer emigrated to America with his father who settled in Maryland, coming in 1802 to Greene County, this State, and settling on the land now owned and occupied by his son, William G. This land, two hundred acres in extent, he secured from the Government at $1.25 per acre. His farm labors were at one time interrupted by his enlistment as a soldier in the War of 1812. With the exception of this he followed agriculture all his life. The parents were married in Hagerstown, Md., and after living in Ohio for a time they went back to Maryland and resided in that State until 1834. That year they roturned to Ohio where they spent the remainder of their days, the father dying in 1857, and the mother in 1870. They were the parents of five children, four of whom are living, namely, George, Jr., Hannah, Elizabeth, the wife of Dick Partington who was a lawyer of Xenia, now deceased, leaving one child, a son, Edward; and William G., our subject. The parents were people highly respected in their community, living honestly and uprightly and leaving to their children the heritage of a good name. The parents of Mrs. Confer removed from Maryland to Ohio at an early day, where the father operated a distillery and amassed a large fortune. He is still living, being now eighty years of age and making his home in Osborn, this county. The mother departed this life at the old home in 1878. Of the six children born to them five are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Confer are the parents of four children, the eldest of whom, a son, George B., who became an expert telegraph operator, died in October, 1887, at the age of twenty-eight years; Eliza Jane is the wife of Jacob S. Cosler; they live at the home farm and have two children; John P. and Frank are also at home. Mr. and Mrs. Confer are members in good standing of the Reformed Presbyterian Chnrch, in which Mr. Confer has served PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 221 as an Elder and Deacon since 1856. He became identified with this church at the early age of fourteen years. He takes an active interest in politics, affiliating with the Republican party, and for two years has been a member of the School Board of his district. He has also served as Supervisor several terms. The landed possessions of Mr. Confer embrace three hundred and thirty-one acres of choice land, all under a good state of cultivation and with first-class improvements, including two residences. His property in Yellow Springs is valued at $5,000. He remembers many incidents of the early times. From 1809 to 1812 his father hauled flour to Cincinnati, six barrels making a load. A barrel of salt cost what he would get for the six barrels of flour. He saw the first ferry-boat plying from New Orleans to Cincinnati, when the trip occupied seventy-five clays and it took seventy-five men to pull the boat up the river. HON. CAMARALZA H. SPAHR, M.D. Dr. Spahr is not only well known as a leading physician of Greene County, but his reputation has extended throughout this part of the He began the practice of his profession as early as 1849, in Jasper Township, where he sojourned four and one half years,and then, in February, 1854, established himself at Jamestown, where he has since been a resident. He has been more than ordinarily successful, very nearly coming up to the standard which he reared at the outset, He received a thorough education for the profession, being graduated from Columbus Medical College in 1853. He worked his own way through college and is the architect of his own fortune, receiving no assistance from anyone, financially or otherwise. he has devoted himself to his profession, and after commencing practice, returned to his studies, taking a partial course of lectures at Cincinnati. Dr. Spahr is prominently conneeted with both the County and State Medical Societies, in which he has been prominent for many years. He commenced his medical studies under the instruction of Dr. Owen, of Mechanicsville, and later was with Dr. Newkirk, of Jamestown, probably three years. He is a native of Greene County and was born January 30, 1826, less than three miles east of Xenia. His father, Gideon Spahr, was born May 21, 1788, in Hardy County, Va. The paternal grandfather, John 0. Spahr, was a native of Switzerland. The parents of the latter were natives respectively of Switzerland and Holland. They were married in Switzerland, and after the birth of seven sons and two daughters emigrated to America when John 0. was a lad of ten years. They settled in what is now Hardy County, Va., prior to the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, and there spent the remainder of their lives. They were reared and trained in the doctrines of the Lutheran Church, to which they ever afterward adhered. The great-grandfather Spahr was a farmer by occupation and his son, John 0., followed in his footsteps. The latter was married in Virginia to Miss Judith Regar. She was a native of Holland, and came with her parents to America when a young child. The Regar family also settled in Hardy County, Va., where the parents died at an advanced age. After his marriage John O. Spahr settled on a farm in his native State, and there spent the remainder of his life, dying when quite aged. His widow subsequently came to Ohio with hor children, settling in Greene County, and died when ripe in years. Both she and her husband were members of the Lutheran Church. Their son Gideon, the father of our subject, was the next to the youngest born, and remained a resident of his native county until a man of twenty-eight years. Then, in 1818, still unmarried, he came to Ohio, and settled in the wilds of Greene County. He took up a tract of timber land, from which a small portion of the forest had been cut away, this comprising one hundred acres in Xenia Township, and lying three miles east of the present site of Xenia. He labored industriously to open up a farm and lived to see the country around him settled up by an intelligent and prosperous people. After many years spent in arduous labor, he left the farm and removed to Silver Creek Township, where his death took place in Jnne, 1856, when he was sixty- State. 222 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. eight years old. He was a fine specimen of man hood, morally, mentally, and physically. After coming to Greene County, he was married, about 1821, to Miss Phebe Hagler. The mother of our subject was born in Hardy County, Va.,.August 26, 1728. She was of German ancestry and the daughter of Leonard Hagler, who married Mary Peterson, likewise a native of the Fatherland. The latter emigrated to America with their parents, they also settling in Virginia. Later, they came to Ohio with their family, settling in Caesar's Creek Township, Greene County, where they spent the remainder of their lives, dying at an advanced age. Mr. Hagler was an industrious man, a good manager, and accumulated a fine property. The mother of Dr. Spahr died at her home, near Jamestown, in July, 1867. The subject of this notice was the second son and third child of his parents, whose family consisted of four sons and five daughters. With the exception of two sons, all are living and married. Camaralza DL on the 11th of March, 1858, took unto himself a wife and helpmate, Miss Mary A., daughter of John and Sarah (McDaniel) Peters. The parents of Mrs. Spahr were natives respectively of Virginia and Pennsylvania. They were married in the latter State, where Mr. Peters engaged in the manufacture of pig iron. Later, they came to Ohio and settled in Lawrence County, where Mr. Peters prosecuted the same business and became wealthy. He still remains a resident of that county and is numbered among its prominent and highly respected citizens. Although seventy-six years old, he is still hale and hearty, retaining much of the vigor of his younger years. Mr. Peters has been twice married. his first wife, the mother of Mrs. Spahr, died while comparatively a young woman. He then married Mrs. Mary C. Dudui, a French lady, who is yet living, and is still active like her husband. Mr. and Mrs. Peters are prominently connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church, at Ironton, to which they give a liberal support. Mrs. Spahr received a liberal education, completing her studies in the Wesleyan College, at Cincinnati. Of her union with our subject there have been born six children, three of whom—John, Mary and Homer—died when young. John and Mary were twins. Phebe R. is the wife of C. C. Hosier, and they live in Jamestown ; S. Fanny and George R. remain with their parents. The Doctor's children have been well educated and occupy a good position in society. In religious matters the Doctor and Mrs. Spahr are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which the former officiates as Steward. For many years Dr. Spahr has been identified with the Masonic fraternity, being now connected with Blue Lodge, No. 352, at Jamestown. He is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to Lodge No. 181, at 'Jamestown, and also to the Encampment, in which he has passed all the chairs. He takes a warm interest in local politics and earned his title of "Honorable" by representing the Republican party of Greene County in the State Legislature, to which he was elected in 1863. He was a member of the Assembly during the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment, for which he voted, and he assisted in the passage of other important bills, among them the donation of lands for the Agricultural College. He is a Republican of the first water, and has rendered efficient service to his party in Greene County. A portrait of Dr. Spahr is shown on another page. GEORGE BRAIN. No other class of men has done more to promote the rise and progress of Clark County than its shrewd and energetic real-estate dealers who have in every way pushed forward its interests. As an able representative of these, it gives us pleasure to place in this volume dedicated to the citizens of this part of Ohio, an outline of the life of the gentleman whose name is at the head of this biographical sketch. Through his extensive business connections he is widely and favorably known throughout this and adjoining counties, and no man is held in greater honor and respect in financial circles than he. By his large enterprise, keen vision, prompt and careful business methods, he has been a potent factor in the upbuilding of the city of Springfield, making it the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 223 metropolis of a rich and prosperous country. The son of a family of early corners in this region, though he was of foreign birth, Mr. Brain was reared amid the pioneer scenes that obtained here during his childhood, youth and early manhood and on a part of the old homestead, in Springfield, that his father hewed from the primeval forest, he has erected a beautiful residence, replete with all the modern and conveniences in which he and his family have a charming home. Our subject was born in Staffordshire, England, March 2, 1827, to George and Mary (Whitehead) Brain, who were also natives of that country. His father learned the trade of a wool-comber in his youth, and later that of a mister, at which he was industriously employed in his native land until 1829. In that year, with his wife and seven children, he emigrated to America and, coming to Clark County, making the journey from New York by the Hudson River and Erie Canal to Buffalo, and thence on Lake Erie to Sandusky, and from there with hired teams to convey the family and household goods to this region, he selected this place as a suitable spot for location. Ohio was then in the first half-century of its existenee as a State, and was but sparsely settled, and the roads from the lake to this place were bad- in the extreme, three or four weeks being consumed in reaching this point, where the village of Springfield, with a Op- ulation of two hundred and fifty inhabitants, was in the first stages of its growth. There were no railways or canals in this State, and Dayton was the nearest market, though several made a business of teaming from here to Cincinnati with from four to six horses. Mr. Brain immediately invested in a tract of wild land that is now included within the city, though at that time it was a mile away from the town. On his homestead, for which he paid $7 an acre, there were two log houses and a log barn, and a few acres were in cultivation. He did uot, however, settle there then but rented a house in the village, in which he resided for a time, and then removed into one of the log houses, while he superintended the construction of a commodious brick house, which he made his home after its corn; pletion, until he was called to a higher. He was a man of sterling worth, possessing a well-balanced mind, frugal and industrious habits, whereby he acquired a competence while aiding in the development of the country, and he was regarded as a most desirable citizen. His wife spent her' last years on the farm in the home that she had assisted him in making. She bore him eight children, all of whom were reared to manhood and womanhood, and were trained by their parents to sober, honest, and honorable lives. Their names are Mary, Joseph J. W., Anna, Lydia, Martha, Lucy, George and William G. The son of whom we write was two years old when his parents brought him to this country, and he was reared and educated in this county. He attended the early village schools, where he applied himself to his books with great diligence, and at the age of seventeen Dr. John Ludlow engaged him as clerk in his drug-store, and he remained in his employ twenty months, gaining a clear insight into the drug business, and then had to give up his position on account of ill health. He returned to his home in 1852 and embarked in the drug business in Cincinnati in partnership with his brother, who managed the business. They continued together until 1855, when they dissolved partnership, and our subject entered upon his long and successful career in the real estate business, which he is still profitably carrying on, dealing largely in land and in building and selling houses. In 1889 he formed a partnership with his sons, Willard and George H., to engage in the lumber business, which they are conducting very successfully. He built his present substantial and elegant residence, one of the handsomest and most attractive in the city, in 1881 and has besides much other valuable property. Mr. Brain was happily married, in 1861 to Miss Sarah M. Willard, of Decatur, DeKalb County, Ga., and in her has a devoted wife who looks well to the comfort of her household. They have six children—Willard, Jessie A., George H., Mary, Bessie W. and Grace. Mrs. Brain and children are all members of the First Presbyterian Church, and are active in its work to elevate the moral and social status of the community. Our subject may well take pride in the part that he has taken in developing this country, which he can remember when it was scarcely more than 224 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. wilderness, and he can look back over the long years and trace the wonderful changes that have taken place since, as a child, he played in the fields and woods onisis father's farm where now the hum and bustle of a busy city are heard on every hand. He is a man of pronounced characteristics, of an active temperament, with business qualifications of a high order, and his life record is an honor to himself and reflects credit on his adopted city. In his political views he is a sound Republican and uses his influence for the good of his party. JOSEPH SAVILLE. Among the many farmers of Greene County whose lives afford an excellent example of persevering industry, thrift, and uprightness, the above-named gentleman deserves mention. He is one of the prominent farmers of Caesar's Creek Township, owning a pleasantly located farm of one hundred and seventy-five acres, which bears such improvements as are usually to be found upon the estates of men of enterprise, and indicate to the passer-by that it is a home of comfort and enjoyment. The owner of the estate possesses the Christian character, liberal spirit and intelligence which win respect from his fellow men and his worthy wife has her share in their regard . The subject of this sketch is one of seven children reared by Samuel and Ann (Saville) Saville, to whom twelve children were born. The parents were natives of Rockbridge County, Va., their natal days being November 29, 1791, and July 5, 1792, respectively. They came to Greene County, Ohio, in the fall of 1827, locating about six miles east of Xenia, in which neighborhood they continued to reside until called froth time to eternity. The death of the father took place March 22, 1851, and that of the mother in May, 1872. Of the children whom they reared to maturity, Martha became the wife of William Cherry and died in Washington County, Iowa; Margaret is also deceased; ElizNareissa the widow of John McDonald; Samuel died in Iowa; Narcissa A., Mrs. Humiston, lives in Iowa; James A. lives in the same State; the subject of this sketch is the oldest of those now living. The parents belonged to thepolities.Reformed Church and the father was a Democrat polities. The maternal grandparents of our subject were Abraham and Margaret (Kibler). Saville. The former was a farmer in Rockbridge County, Va., and also a shoemaker. Their family comprised six sons and one daughter, named respectively, George, Robert, Samuel, Abraham, Jacob- . Joseph, and Margaret. The natal day of Joseph Saville of this sketch was February 15, 1817, and his birthplace his father's farm in Rockbridge County, Va. There he was reared in a manner customary to farmer's sons, acquiring a practical knowledge of farm life and a good common-school education. He began his own career in life with a capital consisting of $100 and a team of horses, and from this beginning has grown his present financial standing. In the fall of 1842 he located upon forty-four acres of his present estate, to which he added as opportunity offered and which he has mostly improved. He has been a liberal giver to all public enterprises, being much interested in everything that promises to promote the welfare of the country., His first Presidential vote was cast. for Martin Van Buren and he continued to vote with the Democratic party until thwar, sincece which time he has been a Republican. He and his wife are members of the Reformed Church. The marriage of Mr. Saville and Miss Hannah Ketteman was celebrated August 6, 1840, and has been blessed by the birth of ten children, and saddened by the loss of four. The survivors are: Emiline, wife of Henry Fudge; Mary J., wife of David F. Conklin; Margaret A., wife of Robert S. Spahr; Sarah E., wife of I. H. Smith; Ellen K., wife of P. I. Wilkin; and Florence B., wife of Frank Antram. Mrs. Saville, who was born in Hardy County, Va., October 4, 1819, is a daughter of Jonathan and Mary (Peterson) Ketteman who were also born in the Old Dominion. They came to Ohio in 1830, settling five miles south of Xenia, where Mr. Ketteman operated a farm and a tannery. Hserved asas Justice of the Peace for many years. In the