850 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. riage are: Frank, publisher of Frank Harrison's Short-hand Magazine, at Newark, N. J., and proprietor of two popular short-hand schools, one in Newark and the other in New York City ; May, the wife of Charles E. Mickle, of Lagonda; and Jessie, the wife of Colgan W. Burns of Springfield. The wife and mother died suddenly at her home on Dibert Street, Springfield, February 10, 1871. Mr. Harrison contracted a second marriage October 9, 1872, with Miss Mary Anne Woods, daughter of the late Col. Joseph H. and Sarah H. Woods, of Jackson Township, Champaign County, Ohio. The present Mrs. Harrison is a Christian lady of tine culture, possessing rare intellectual and social qualities. For several years before her marriage she was a popular teacher at Urbana, where she still has many friends. Lagonda View Farm, the home f Mr. and Mrs. Harrison, is located in Moorefield Township, three miles northeast of the Springfield post-office. This farm has a world-wide reputation as having been the home of the famous Lagonda View. herd of Jersey cattle, from which was made the Lagonda View brand of gilt-edge butter, the demand for which, at fancy figures, was equal to and often greater than the supply. It has been much regretted by his numerous friends that Mr. Harrison was compelled, on account of lack of time and physical strength, to abandon cattle breeding and the manufacture of butter. In these branches of rural pursuit, assisted by his most excellent wife and daughters, he has had few peers. Mr. Harrison is a self-made man, thoroughly practical. He has not acquired any considerable wealth, but is in comfortable circumstances. Politically, he is a sound Republican, decided in his opinions and believes in progress and reform. For the benefit of those interested in Jersey cattle and dairy products, we append the following: The Rev. Ross C. Houghton, D. D., late pastor of Roberts Park Church, Indianapolis, writes to the Jersey Bulletin, under date f March 1, 1884: "A pleasant ride of half an hour from the railway station at Springfield, Ohio, brought me to Lagonda View Farm, the residence of Edward Harrison, one of the most intelligent and genial among my somewhat numerous "Jersey" friends. The farm itself is "most beautiful for situation," and just the spot in which a man, whose mornings are given to the exacting labors f city office work, can so occupy the latter hours of the day as to combine profitable employment with restful recreation. It is, however, chiefly of interest, so far as these notes are concerned, as the home of one of the choicest Jersey herds in Ohio, and the place where some of the best families in Springfield purchase "gilt edged" butter, which is beyond all praise, and for which they cheerfully pay a long price. If any man doubts the success f the Jersey dairy business, in the neighborhood of a large city, let him compare notes with Mr. and Mrs. Harrison. The herd is headed by Lagonda 4078, the only living son of Chrissy 1448, who yielded sixteen and one-half pounds of butter in one week, and whose darn, Kitty Clover 1113, was a fourteen pound cow. Lagonda's sire is Grand Duke Alexis 1040, one of the most noted butter bulls, whose daughters and granddaughters will rival, in butter yield and in the large prices for which they have been sold, any family of Jerseys that can be mentioned. Twenty-four cows, and four bulls, with from 121 per cent, to 50 per cent. of his blood, have sold for $31,985, an average of $1,142.35 each. Lagonda is really a grand bull. Dark gray shading into black, with evenly ineurved horns, a soft and rich hide, and, in all points combined, scoring well up towards perfection. his get, an unusually large proportion of which are heifers, are almost invariably very handsome and promising. Thus far ,there are no failures at the pail among his daughters, and they are, to my personal knowledge, highly prized in the herds where they are found. Baron De Alphea 5411, a son of the famous Chief of Mad River Valley 2934, and Cremona 6721, stands next in this herd, and is fully worthy of his place. He is a rich golden fawn, black points, and a little white upon his flank. He traces, by only a few removes, to such noted animals as Mercury 432, Alpha 171, Sultan 58, and Pansy 8. Of the cows in this herd I have space to mention but few. Cremona 6721, Lady .Felten 5059, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 851 Queen of the Miamis 6793, Dimple's Matchless 6794, Daphne of Clark 11621, and several others will compare favorably with the leading cows in any Western herd I have examined. There are eight great-granddaughters of Sultan 58, with a liberal per cent. of the blood of Albert 44. I found, on examining the pedigrees of the entire herd, that the blood of some old and well established family predominates in every animal. No testing has been done at Lagonda View, but an examination of the private dairy record not only shows a very high average butter yield, but also reveals the fact that a number of the best cows could undoubtedly, by special care and feeding, be brought to the figures of which we read in connection with more noted animals. Quite a number of the very best cows and heifers are liberally marked with white, a fact which the owner does not depreciate, and which does not seem to prevent their sale, or the sale of their progeny at most satisfactory prices. Mr. Harrison breeds for quality, not for fancy colors. I am not friendly to such rapid breeding as is practiced by Mr. Harrison, but I am free to confess that I saw no inferior cattle, either old or young, in his herd, and I am sure any good judge of Jersey affairs could not fail to be satisfied with the results, in every particular, of his management. Any breeder of Jerseys will he both interested and profited by a visit to this choice herd, and an acquaintance with its courteous owner and family." From the American Dairyman, February 19, 1885: "We have lately been the recipients of two baskets of butter, addressed to the proprietor and editor of this paper, that were the finest samples of winter butter we ever put into our fathomless editorial maw. The latest style, you know, for butter on the table is in small lumps, fashioned after strawberries or other convenient forms. Well, in the center of these baskets was one large lump, slightly figured, while surrounding it like a basket of nuts, were two or three pounds of double cones, containing an ounce of butter each, fresh, crisp, nutty-flavored, hard and dry as rocks, and with an aroma almost as rich as June butter. It was worked almost perfectly dry and yet the grain was perfection. The color was a light straw, natural, we take it, as the butter was made from Jersey milk, and there was just a trace of salt in it. It reminded us more closely of the unsalted butter we ate in the best restaurants of Paris, than any butter we have ever tasted outside of that heaven of high living. That butter was made by Mr. Edward Harrison, Springfield, Ohio, from his herd of Registered Jerseys, and we will let him tell his own tale. He says: "Our butter is made in strict accordance with the best dairy rules, from healthy and gentle Jerseys that are kindly treated, being fed with the best that can be given them, and in the making, neither milk, cream or butter ever comes in contact with the hands. The sample I send was made principally from the granddaughters and great-granddaughters of 'Matchless,' a cow of some considerable fame. Mr. Hardin will remember her and her daughter Dimple." Ah! well do we remember old Matchless and her beautiful daughter Dimple. She was the first imported or registered Jersey we ever owned, and the best. We bought her off shipboard at Baltimore, and .got her cheap because she had a white tail. We always felt grateful to that white tail. The old cow died the property of Mr. Burden, of Troy, N. Y., and we know her blood tingles now in the veins of a number of offspring high up in the fourteen pound list. Dimple, that we believe has made over fourteen pounds a week, was bred exactly after our choice; but alas, for us! the Club would not register her sire, "Wallace Barns." We sold the bull, and never had the luck to get so good a one again. The Club subsequently relented, and allowed him to be registered, but too late to save our system of breeding." WILLIAM H. GLOTFELTER. This name is a familiar one to most of the residents of the western part of Greene County, as it belongs to one f the substantial pioneer families of this section. John A. Glotfelter, the grandfather of William H. was born in Lancaster County, Pa.; he 852 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. married Elizabeth Newman, daughter of John Newman, of the same county. He left Pennsylvania and with his wife and family settled in this county in 1815. He purchased a farm of two hundred and fifteen acres, two and a half miles west f Harbine Station. This he improved and made a comfortable home for himself and family. To him and his estimable wife there were born eight children, six of whom lived to mature years, were married and had families of their own, viz: John, Soloman, George A., Susan, Elizabeth and Nancy. John A. was a blacksmith and worked at his trade until his eyesight failed ; he was f German descent and he and his wife both spoke the German language, as it is used in their native State; they were while living members f the German Reformed Church and died in that faith on the farm where they first settled. Mrs. Glotfelter died February 29, 1830, aged sixty years, ten months and twenty-nine days. Mr. Glotfelter died December 22, 1860, at the ripe old age of ninety years and three months. George A. Glotfelter, the father of our subject, was a lad of five years when he came to this county overland in a wagon with his parents from old Lancaster County, Pa. He married Harriett Smith, a native of Pennsylvania. They lived at the old home place with the grandparents, and to them was born a family of eight children, six of whom lived to mature years. Sarah became the wife of Lewis Maxwell ; Margaret C. married Henry C. Darst; Martha married Henry Ridenour; Ellen wedded Perry Snyder; Fanny is the wife of J. A. Aulabaugh ; William H. was the third child. The mother of these children, one of the very best of mothers, died June 25, 1859. her age was forty-nine years six mouths and seven days. For his second wife he married Angeline (Weller) Ervin. Of this union there were no children. George A. Glotfelter was a popular man, a good neighbor, a first-class business man ; he served as a Captain in the State Militia and died September 14, 1866. On the other side Grandfather Smith came from Adams County, Pa., to this State in 1822, located near Cincinnati, where he conducted a hotel for a few years and died about 1825. The family soon after moved to Greene County. William H. Glotfelter was born April 21, 1837,on the farm where his father and grandfather lived and where they died. As with them this was his home; here he lived as a boy and young man. He acquired a practical education and industrious habits. When the late war seemed a reality and when the people knew that we were to have a war indeed, at the first call of three years troops he entered the service of his country, enlisting in Company B, of the Twelfth Regiment of Ohio Infantry, in which company he served as Private and Orderly Sergeant until April 18, 1862, when he received his first commission. He was with his regiment in over forty engagements, many of the most important battles of the war, the first being at Scurry Creek, W. Va., on July 17, 1861. After Mr. Glotfelter received his commission in 1862, he was detailed in command, a part of time on special duty, scouting through the mountains of West Virginia. and while so engaged with a squad of select men made some dangerous expeditions into the enemy's country. In 1863 he was made a First Lieutenant and subsequently was commissioned as Captain,but was never mustered in as such. On August 11, 1864, he was mustered out of service on account of a wound received in front of Lynchburg, Va., on June 17, 1864. This wound was a serious one and resulted in making him a cripple for life. After the war was over Mr. Glotfelter engaged in mercantile business, at Alpha in this county, for a short time and on the 11th f May, in the year 1865, he was united in marriage to Miss Annie E. Hyland. Her father was Hugh H. Hyland, a native of Washington County, Md. Mr. Hyland came to Ohio with his widowed mother and her family in 1832. They settled in Knox County, where Mr. Hyland taught a winter term of school and in the following spring they moved to this county. Mr. Hyland was an educated man and did much to place Beaver Creek Township in the lead, so far as education is concerned ; and to its honor it holds that position to this time. He served the township for many years as Justice of the Peace and was a wise counselor for his neighbors and friends. His wife is still living and mades her home with Mr. and Mrs. Glotfelter. She was a daughter of Jonathan Snyder who was an honored pioneer. He owned the land where Trebein Station now is. He PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 853 was largely instrumental in the building of Beaver Church ; it still stands as a monument to the sturdy pioneers of an early day. In 1867, Mr. Glotfelter located on a part of his present farm. At first he purchased twenty-two acres, but from time to time he has added to it until he now owns over two hundred acres, nicely improved and well stocked. Mr. and Mrs. Glotfelter are the parents of two interesting children, Jessie M. and Martha B. Mr. Glotfelter is an uncompromising Republican in politics. In 1871, he was elected Sheriff of Greene County, and served two terms to the satisfaction of the people, who in 1889, elected him County Commissioner, in which position he is now serving.    JOHN DUNKEL, one of the most substantial farmers of Mad River Township, Clark County, has a very fine body of land, two hundred and eighty-one acres in extent, and located on section 11. He is widely and favorably known throughout his township, and is looked upon as one of its leading citizens. He was born near Lancaster, Pa., October 23, 1821, and is the son of John Dunkel, Sr., likewise a native of that county, and of German descent. The father of our subject was a farmer and hotel keeper, operating as "mine host" on the pike between Lancaster and Harrisburg, Pa. He was familiarly known as Capt. Dunkel, on account of his services in the State Militia. He died in his native place in 1859. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Susan Kline, was a native of the smile county as her husband, and the daughter of Jacob Kline, a native of Pennsylvania, and a stonemason by trade. After the death of her husband, the mother, in 1868, came to Clark County, and made her home with her granddaughter, Mrs. Fanny Kreider, where she died in 1883. She was a member of the Mennonite Church. The parents of our subject had eight children : Jacob is a resident of Enon; Mary died in Mad River Township, when about sixty-eight years old; John, Jr., was the third child; Elizabeth, Mrs. Long, lives in Mad River Township; Samuel died there about 1878; Henry lives in Shelby County, Ind.; Susan, Mrs. Landis, died in that county ; Aaron died in Philadelphia, Pa. ; -Henry and Aaron served in the Civil War, the former in an Ohio regiment, and the latter as Captain in a Pennsylvania regiment. Aaron was confined nine months in Libby Prison. He was a printer by trade, and a man of prominence in the Keystone State, having served two terms as State senator. John Dunkel, Jr., attended school with his brothers during his boyhood and remained a member of the parental household until reaching his majority. Shortly prior to this he was married, September 15, 1842, to Miss Elizabeth Binkly, a native of his own county, and the daughter of John Binkly, who had a mill on Welsh Hill. After his marriage Mr. Dunkel employed himself variously for three years, and then went into the hotel with his father, where he continued seven years. He next purchased ten acres of land, and afterward added to it forty acres, carrying on farming and hotel keeping jointly. He put up a good house and bought more land, and thus operated for eleven years. In 1865 Mr. Dunkel sold this farm and purchased his present place in Mad River Township, this first consisting of one hundred and sixty-five acres. There was only a small house upon it, and the later improvements are the results of his own perseverance and industry. He has gradually added to his possessions, and in the meantime has given considerable attention to stock-raising. His land is very fertile, with a good supply of water upon it. He has three sets of farm buildings, and everything about him convenient for the prosecution of agriculture after the most approved methods. His residence is one of the finest in the county. The homestead is located nine miles from Springfield and two miles from Enon. Mr. Dunkel keeps twenty head of horses, and uses two teams in the farm operations. He has a fine large flock of sheep, besides numbers of cattle and swine. Of his first marriage there were born to Mr. Dunkel six children, namely: Henry and Phares, deceased; John B., a merchant of Enon ; Elizabeth, Mrs. Esterline, who lives in Mad River; Amelia, Mrs. Lipp, of Bath Township, Greene 856 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. County; and Abraham, also merchandising at Enon. The mother of these children died in Pennsylvania in 1853. Mr. Dunkel contracted a second marriage in the Keystone State, in 1857, with Miss Mahala Hockman. This lady is likewise a native of Lancaster County, and the daughter of Jacob Hockman, a shoemaker by trade. Her union with Mr. Dunkel resulted in the birth of six children, namely : Susan is the wife of John Bowman, an engineer, and they reside in Springfield; Frances Married Earl Miller, a butcher of Springfield; Aaron wedded Miss Lura Schrader, is operating the home farm, and like his father is a shrewd business man ; Annie M. is the wife of John Flower, Jr., a farmer of Bath Township, Greene County; Emma married Joseph Ervin, and lives eight miles north of Springfield, Ohio; she is a teacher by profession ; Ora remains at home with her parents. Mr. Dunkel affiliates with the Democratic party, and has served as School Director, but is not ambitious for office, preferring domestic life to the excitement of a public career. In connection with the biographical sketch of Mr. Dunkel, a lithographic portrait of himself and wife are presented. Mrs. Dunkel enjoys the universal esteem of her acquaintances, and is a lady of refinement and culture, possessing those characteristics which form the elements of true womanhood. In the best .circles of society she and her husband find a cordial welcome, and are worthy representatives of the honorable and upright residents of Mad River Township.H HENRY C. DARST. The farming and stock-raising interests of Beaver Creek Township, Greene County, have been greatly augmented by the subject of this notice, who owns and operates a farm of one hundred and ninety-five acres on section 12. This property under his careful management has become valuable and presents a picture of one of the finest homes in the county. He is a native of the Buckeye State and born in the city of Dayton, November 16, 1830, at a time when the now flourishing town bore little resemblance to its present proportions. he spent his early years under the parental roof, acquiring a common-school education, together with those habits of industry and economy which have contributed largely to his later success. The father of the gentleman of whom we wt ite was Jacob Darst, who is of German and Scotch descent. He was twice married, his first wife being Mary Coy, a native of this county, by whom he became the father of six children. Mary, the eldest of these, is the wife of L. D. Cottrell and they live in Dayton, Ohio; Susan is the wife of David Huston, of Paris, Ill.; Sarah A. is deceased; John makes his home in Eureka, Ill.; Elizabeth is the wifc of Robert Hanes and they reside near Topeka, Kan.; Jacob died when about sixty-three years old. Later Jacob Darst was again married, his second wife bearing the maiden name of Ruhamah Mohler and being of Welsh extraction. Our subject was born of this marriage; he spent his boyhood and youth amid the quiet scenes of farm life and when reaching manhood was joined in wedlock October 11, 1855, with Miss Margaret, daughter of George and Harriet (Smith) Glotfelter. Mrs. Darst was born in this county, September 23, 1835. Her parents are represented elsewhere in this volume. Of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Darst there were born five children, four of whom are living. Edward is a minister of the Disciples Church and lives in the city of Boston, he married Miss Minnie Souders and they are the parents of one child, a daughter, Margaret J.; William H. married Miss Sallie May Sourbray and manages the home farm; Mary L. and Emma R. remain under the parental roof; Martha J. died when two and one-half years old. Mr. Darst is classed among the solid and influential citizens of the county and uniformly votes the Republican ticket. Both he and his estimable wife are members in good standing of the Disciples Church. Socially, they are highly respected for their many noble qualities of heart and mind, and deserve special mention as belonging to that class of people who have assisted in bringing Greene County td its present state of development and thus have aided in making America what it is to-day, "the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 857 land of the free and the home of the brave." Now in the evening of their well-spent lives Mr. Darst and his wife can look back upon years of fruitful labor and forward to the great unknown with pleasure, knowing that they will leave behind them at death the priceless memorial of a world made better by their lives. JOHN N. GARVER, one of the proprietors and advertising manager of the Springfield Republic-Times, one of the leading journals of Southern Ohio, and a member of the firm of A. D. Hosterman & Co., publishers of that and other papers, is classed among the ablest and most scholarly members of his profession in this part of the West. He is a native of Clark County, born in Bethel Township, September 28, 1858. His father, Benjamin C. Garver, was born near Harper's Ferry, Va., while his grandfather, Abraham C. Garver, was a native of Beaver Creek, Md., a son of Christian Garver, one of two brothers who came to this country from Germany late in the eighteenth century and located in Maryland. He was a farmer, and bought land on Beaver Creek, Washington County, and resided there until death closed his mortal career. He was the father of eighteen children. The grandfather of our subject was reared in Maryland, and about 1820, bought land near Harper's Ferry, and resided there until 1830, when he came to Clark County, accompanied by his wife and seven children, making; the journey with a team. He cast in his lot with the pioneers of Bethel Township, buying seven hundred acres of land, which was heavily timbered, a small portion cleared and a log house standing thereon constituting the only improvements. The family moved into the log building, which he afterward included in a more pretentious frame house, which is still standing. His death occurred in 1857, in that home which he had reared with hard pioneer labor. He had in the meantime cleared the greater part of his land and had a fine large farm. The maiden name of his wife was Elizabeth Rice, and she was born in Maryland, and spent her last years on the old homestead in Bethel. They reared six children, of whom the following is recorded: Catherine, now deceased, married Samuel Kable; John resides in New Carlisle; Susan is the wife of James Kable, of Macoupin County, Ill.; Elizabeth is the wife of Dr. Isaac Meranda, of New Carlisle; Benjamin C., the father of our subject; Sarah is the wife of James Lamme, a resident of Springfield. Benjamin Garver was two years old when his parents brought him to this county, and he was reared and educated in Bethel Township. He inherited a part of the old homestead, and resided on it many years, conducting agriculture. In 1885 he removed to Kansas, and buying a tract of land ten miles from Anthony, has resided there ever since. He was converted to Methodism after marriage, and became a power in the church as a local preacher. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Ruth A. Rohrer, and she was born in Springfield, Clark County. Her father, John Rohrer, was a native of Southeastern Pennsylvania, coming from that State to Springfield about 1840. He was a blacksmith, and opened a shop here and plied his trade, and accumulated quite a property, which he lost, however, by going security for others. His death occurred in this city at a ripe old age, in 1875. The maiden name of his wife was Sarah Thrall, and she died in Springfield in 1880. Of the eleven children born to the parents of our subject nine are living, namely: John N., Abraham R., Frank R., James L., Walter B., Edward M., George G., Clara E. and Arthur C. John N. Garver, of this sketch, passed the early years of his life on the old homestead that his grandfather had redeemed from the primeval forests, and as soon as large enough assisted in farming. He was a studious, thoughtful lad, and was given fine advantages to obtain an education, laying the foundation of his knowledge at the district school, which he attended part of each year ; in 1874 he entered the High School at New Carlisle, and in 1876 became a student at Wittenberg College, where he pursued a liberal course for two years, and during his college course taught school one year in his. native township. After leaving Wittenberg he entered the Ohio Wesleyan University 858 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. at Delaware, and from that institution of learning he was graduated with a good reputation for scholarship in the class of '82. After leaving the university he was engaged the ensuing two years as traveling salesman for the Superior Drill Company, and then turned his attention to law, studying for one year in Emporia, Kan., in the office of Buck & Feighan, leading lawyers of that city. At the expiration of that time he dropped his legal studies to give his attention to newspaper work as city editor of the News and Globe, then owned by Jacob Stotler, and in 1886 he was appointed city editor of the Sioux City Tribune. In the fall of that year our subject went to Kansas City to engage with the New England Trust Company, as inspector of lands in Missouri and Kansas. and was thus employed one year. We next hear of him in Lincoln, Neb., where, with A. D. Hostertnan and others he aided in forming a company, called the Lincoln Newspaper Union, and established a publishing house in that city. In the publishing the company disposed of its plant at a good profit and Mr. Garver came to Springfield with his brother-in-law, A. D. Hosterman, and with hini and others bought an interest in the Republic-Times, and has been connected with the paper ever since. Since coming here Mr. Garver has established an attractive home in our midst, and to the gracious and accomplished young wife, who so cordially unites with him in extending its charming hospitalities to their numerous friends, he was waited in marriage in the fall of 1888, and baby Benjamin completes the happy household circle. Mrs. Garver is a native of Springfield, her maiden name Anna Geiger, and she is a daughter of Prof. H. R. and Nancy (Harford) Geiger, of whom see sketch on another page of this volume. As a man and as a citizen our subject is highly regarded in this city, where he has a large circle of friends and acquaintances. He possesses an unusual degree of geniality, tact and quick wit, together with good business qualification together seem so necessary to success in the journalistic profession. He is a stalwart Republican in his political sentiments, and he is prominently identified with the social and religious interests of the community; he is a member of the college society, the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity, and belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, No. 51; and he and Mrs. Garver are members in good standing of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church. ISAAC MILTON ROBERTS. In driving about this section of Ohio and viewing the fine farms L which abound, one would form a high opinion of the agricultural skill which is displayed by the proprietors of the various estates, and enjoy the general air of prosperity which the country presents. The fertile soil of Clark County has been well improved, and but few farms can be seen within its bounds which do not bear good buildings and other evidences of thrift. The gentleman with whose name this sketch is introduced, is one of the representative farmers and stockmen of Moorefield Township, owning and occupying one hundred and eight acres of land on section 35. His financial standing is chiefly due to his own efforts, and the success with which he is meeting redounds to his credit as a man of enterprise and good judgment. The father of our subject was James H. Roberts, a native of Berkeley County, Va., and his mother, Mary Wren, was born about eight miles west of Alexandria, in the same State. The father was a tanner by trade and left his native State with the intention of starting a tannery at Lawrenceburg, Ind. His wife sickened and died, and he then came to Ohio, making a permanent settlement here about 1811. Purchasing one hundred and sixty acres of Government land in Moorefield Township, Clark County, he remained upon it until his death December 19, 1863. He Settled in the woods, putting up a log cabin which. was replaced in later years by a brick house, the material for which was burnt by himself. The latter edifice is still standing with some enlargements and improvements. Mr. Roberts was a hard-working man and one who enjoyed the confidence of his fellowmen. He succeeded well in worldly affairs and not only assisted his children in getting a start in life, but' left to his family an estate of two hundred and fifty acres. His first party affiliation was with the 'Whigs and during PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 859 the "apple cider campaign" he voted for Gen. W. H. Harrison ; he afterward became identified with the Republican party. He was a fine looking man, possessing a good physique and great strength, which was preserved even under heavy labor by his temperate habits. The parental family was a large one, the surviving children of the first wife being William, whose home is in Iowa, and Rebecca, wife of William Dunlap, of the same State. Of the children born by his second wife, the following are now living: Agnes in Moorefield Township; John W. in Champaign County; Joseph in Champaign County, Ill.; Louisa, Catherine and Lucy in Springfield; Amanda, wife of Samuel Hodge, in Champaign County, Ohio ; Thomas H. and Isaac M. in Moorefield Township. The subject of this sketch was born June 28, 1839, in the county where he is now so well known. He received his early education in the district schools of the neighborhood and upon the foundation laid therein has by reading and observation built a structure of abundant information. During his early life he assisted in the labor which belongs to farm life in countries which are not yet fully developed, and gained a knowledge of agriculture which has led to his success in later years. The principles of government and the love of country which had been instilled into his breast led him to take up arms in defense of the Union, during the late War, and on August 7, 1862, he became a private in Company G, Ninety-fourth Ohio Infantry. The first general under whom Mr. Roberts served was Buell, who was succeeded by Rosecrans, and still later he was in the forces of Gen. Sherman. The first memorable battle in which he took part was the desperate struggle at Perryville. At Stone River he was sick and in the wagon train in the rear which was captured by Wheeler's Cavalry. He was paroled and sent to Camp Chase, and finally exchanged and sent to Chattanooga where he participated in the siege. His regiment formed a part of the brigade sent to reinforce Hooker at Lookout Mountain, and the next day he was in the great charge of Mission Ridge. He also participated in the notable engagements at Resaca, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, and the Siege of Atlanta. He took part in the entire Atlanta campaign, and the glorious march to the sea, as well as in the return through the Carolinas, the last general engagement at which he was present being the battle of Bentonville. After having served his country faithfully and efficiently until the war was over, Mr. Roberts returned to his native State and county, where he has since resided. He has served as School Director and whether in office or out is interested in the advancement of the cause of education. In politics he is a firm Republican. His wife bore the maiden name of Susan M. Chaney and the rites of wedlock were celebrated between them January 8, 1867. She is the daughter of James and Ruth (Layton) Chaney, who were natives of Virginia and Ohio respectively. They died in Bethel Township, Clark County, where their daughter was born December 22, 1843. They have no children. DAVID SHAFFER, deceased, whose name and memory will ever be held in reverence as that of a prominent pioneer of Clark County, and an honored resident of Springfield, was for many years intimately connected with the business interests of this section of Ohio. His sturdy enterprise, devotion to business, and clear discernment in regard to money matters were important agents in enlarging the industrial resources of this region, and his work in that direction will never be forgotten. He was a Virginian by birth, born in Berkeley County, February, 10, 1810. He was four years old when he was deprived of a father's care by his premature death while yet in the vigor of manhood. His mother continued to reside in Virginia many years after her husband's demise, but finally came to the State of Ohio, and passed her last days with her children, dying at the home of a daughter in Auglaize County, at the remarkably advanced age of ninety-one years. She reared ten children, and trained them to habits of frugality and industry. Her son, f whom we write, remained with her in Virginia till he was seventeen 860 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. years old, when he came to Ohio, and at that youthful age became a pioneer, locating in Clark County. He worked on a farm, and prudently saved his money till he had enough to buy a four-horse team, with which he proposed to engage in teaming from Columbus to Cincinnati, as that was a very profitable occupation in those days when there were no railways or canals. He soon had all that he could do, and a part of his business was to carry specie between the banks of the two places, and he was often entrusted with large amounts of money, the bankers placing the most implicit confidence in his honesty, and courage to defend his precious freight if he were attacked by highwaymen. He used to place the money in kegs, marked nails, to deceive thieves and robbers. By his energetic management of his affairs he was soon enabled to buy other teams, and did a very large carrying business before he left the road, and made a great deal of money. The introduction of railways put an end to his work in that line, and he then bought a quarry and turned his attention to getting out building stone, which was of a fine quality. and commanded a large sale, and he also burnt lime, doing a big business in both branches. In 1850 Mr. Shaffer built a large brick house on West Main Street, which his family occupied till 1884, when Mrs. Shaffer purchased their present fine residence on the corner of Factory and North Streets. November 9, 1867, the life-record of our subject was brought to a close, and a valued citizen, a devoted husband, a kind father, and an obliging neighbor was thus removed from amongst us while yet in the full possession of the ripened faculties of mature manhood, and while still in the midst of his usefulness. Possessing a large share of roundabout common sense, honoring industry and integrity in thought and in example, he was a wise and safe counselor, and his ready sympathy, unselfish kindness, and generous bounty gained him a warm place in the hearts of his fellow-citizens, and made him popular with all classes. He was a prominent Mason, and was very active in establishing the order here. Mr. Shaffer, while in manhood's prime, took unto himself a wife in the person of Miss Catherine Landis, their marriage taking place September 19, 1839, and this biography would lack finish without some mention of her who was so much to him, and without whom his life would have been incomplete, so it is with pleasure that we introduce a brief outline of her family history into this sketch. She is of French descent, her ancestors on both sides of the house coming to this country from France many years ago. Both of her parents, Henry and Anna Maria (Wolfe) Landis, were natives of Pennsylvania, her father being of French parentage. He was reared and married in Pennsylvania, and finally emigrated from there to Ohio, in 1821, with his wife and ten children, making the entire journey by land. He located in Montgomery County for awhile, and in the meantime looked around over the country to find a suitable situation in which to build a home. He came to Clark County about two years thereafter, and bought quite a large tract of land in Springfield Township, and immediately placed himself among the most prominent pioneers of the place. There was a log house on his land at the time of purchase, and a saw-mill and a distillery located on Mill Creek, and be operated both, and at the same time superintended the improvement of his farm. He also had a flourmill in operation, which was the only one in all the country around, and people came from a long distance to patronize it. A man of more than ordinary energy, foresight and business capacity, he made money fast, and accumulated a valuable property, but after residing on his homestead for many years be lost it by going security for others. In 1846 he returned to the East to settle the estate of his brother, going and coming by stage, and on the return trip died on the stage. This community was thus deprived of an honorable citizen, who in the management of the various industries in which he engaged greatly extended the interests of the county, and added to its riches. His estimable wife survived him some years, her death finally occurring in the home of her daughter, Mrs. Shaffer, at the venerable age of eighty-two. Mrs. Shaffer was born in Lancaster County. Pa., March- 20, 1818, and as she was but three years PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 861 of age when her parents brought her to Clark County, she was reared and educated here, and here has passed the most of her life. She was reared under the influences of the pioneer life that obtained here in her younger days, grew up with the growth of the county, and has been an interested witness of the most of its development from the wilderness. She was carefully trained by a wise mother in all the labors of a good housewife, so that when she married and was placed at the head f a household, she understood well how to manage its affairs to advantage, and so as to secure the greatest comfort to the inmates f the home. She is a good and true woman, with an honorable record as a loving wife and faithful mother, and her children may well rise up and called her blessed. Of her happy wedded life with our subject nine children were born, of whom the following six have grown to manhood and womanhood—Martha, Elizabeth, Elmina, Margaret, Allen and David Nelson. BURTON M. LOWMAN. Probably no man of his years in Clark County, is filling a more responsible position than that held by the young gentleman above named, or is better qualified by education and character. He is assistant Cashier and book-keeper of the New Carlisle Bank, an institution that carries on an excellent banking business and demands in its working force men of tact and ability. Mr. Lowman was born in Pike Township, one and a half mile north of New Carlisle, November 19, 1865, and is the oldest child of Lewis I. and Harriet (Stafford) Lowman. His father is a native of the same township as himself, while his mother was born in Bethel Township, Miami County. They now reside in New Carlisle. The other members of the family circle are: Hattie M., Joe M. and Garrett M. Burton M. Lowman was reared on his father's farm, receiving his fundamental education in the common schools and subsequently spending three years in attendance at Wittenberg College in Springfield. After coming out of the college he entered the Post-office at New Carlisle, but in 1887, entered the New Carlisle Bank as book-keeper, clerk, etc. He has now reached the position mentioned above and will undoubtedly push his way still farther upward, as he possesses great energy and is a thorough business man. He possesses the pleasing manners that combined with good character, give popularity, a proof that he is a prime favorite being found in the fact that in April, 1890, in a strongly Republican township, he was elected Township Clerk by a large majority, although running on the Democratic ticket. An important step in the life of Mr. Lowman was his choice of a companion and his marriage to her August 15, 1887. The bride, Miss Bertha Smith of New Carlisle, is an educated and refined young woman, who in addition to her social qualities is capable of wisely guiding the household affairs, and possesses a noble Christian character. She is a daughter of William H. and Louisa (Davenport) Smith, of New Carlisle, was educated in the High School of that place, and is a member of the Presbyterian Church at New Carlisle. Her happy nnion has resulted in the birth of one son—Howard I. Mr. Lowman finds a slight outlet for his social and benevolent characteristics in the meetings of the Lodge of the Free and Accepted Masons, and the public gatherings in which they indulge. He belongs to the Methodist Episopal Church at Springfield, and is looked upon as one of those to whom church membership is more than an empty name. WILLIAM J. ALEXANDER, attorney-at-law and one of the oldest practitioners in the city of Xenia, was horn June 10, 1827, and is the son of Washington and Rachel (Clark) Alexander, the former of whom was a native of South Carolina. Washington Alexander was born in 1801, and when a child was brought by his parents, John and Isabella Alexander, to this State as early as 1803. They settled first near Middletown, Butler County, where Grandfather 862 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Alexander occupied himself as a school teacher, but in the spring of 1803 came to Xenia and engaged in the practice of law. It is believed that he was the first attorney in the city, and he followed his profession for the long period of forty years, and during thirty years of this Ulna was Prosecuting Attorney. He was a man of fine abilities, which the people of his district recognized by spending him to the National Congress two terms, he serving from 1812 to 1816. He retired from the active duties of his profession in 1842, and died in 1848. Washington Alexander grew to mature years in Xenia, receiving his education in the public schools of that city, and studied law, although never practicing. Instead his inclinations led him into farming pursuits, which he followed successfully all his life, the most of which was spent in Spring Valley Township. He was married in 1824 to Miss Rachel Clark, of this county, and likewise a native of Spring Valley Township. Her father, Judge John Clark, settled here as early as 1800. Both identified themselves with the Baptist Church, and were prominent and popular in their community. Their children, six sons and one daughter, all grew to mature years. John C. is now deceased. The survivors are: William J., Jesse C., Augustus W., Franklin, Sarah Isabella, the widow of William S. Frazier; and Aurelius. Mr. Alexander died in 1867; his wife had passed away in 1849. The subject of this notice was born and reared in Spring Valley Township, and completed his education in the city schools of Xenia. During his younger years, when starting out for himself, he engaged in teaching and farming alternately, and later taking up the study of law was, in 1865, duly admitted to the bar. He commenced the practice of his profession in his native town, was subsequently located in Wilmington for a time, and in 1882 changed his residence to Xenia, and associated himself with a partner under the firm name of Alexander & Whitmer. In Spring Valley Mr. Alexander served as Justice of the Peace for a period of twelve years, and was Township Trustee twenty-two years. He was for a time Superintendent of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans Home, but resigned, not being able to give to it the attention he desired. He was on the School Board of his district for a number of years, but he has given his main attention to the practice of his profession, in which he occnpies a leading position. The marriage of William J. Alexander with Miss Elizabeth Weller, of Montgomery County, this State, was celebrated at the bride's home February 28, 1850. Mrs. Alexander was born April 25, 1825, and is the daughter of John and Margaret Weller, who for many years lived on a farm in Montgomery County. Of this union there were born three children, two sons and a daughter, the latter of whom died when two and one-half years old—Perry A. and Charlie F, are numbered among the well-to do farmers of Spring Valley Township. Mr. and Mrs. Alexander belong to the Baptist Church, and Mr. Alexander supports the principles of the Democratic party in a Republican district, where he has received many evidences of the people's confidence and esteem. JOHN HIVLING. Whenever the pioneer settlers of this county are mentioned, prominent among them is noted the subject of this sketch who migrated hither from Maryland as early as November, 1808. He settled on the Little Miami River, three miles west of the present site of Xenia, which was unmarked, save by a few dwellings. He had previously visited this region and purchased mill property and land. At one time he owned all the land north of Church Street, as far out as the Fair grounds. Mr. Hivling, however, only resided a short time where he first located but about 1810 removed within the town limits and opened an hotel in a log building, situated upon the present site of the Xenia National Bank, at the corner of Detroit and Main Streets. . A few years later he retired to a farm where he lived a few years but not being quite contented with the change from city to country life, carne back and purchased a store on Main Street, where he followed merchandising for many years and until retiring from the active duties of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 865 life. He was a citizen highly respected in the community and rounded up the ripe old age of eighty-one years, dying in 1860. He carried a musket during the War of 1812, and later served as Sheriff of Greene County while he was keeping hotel. Mr. Hivling was united in marriage with Miss Sally Ankney in 1799. Mrs. Hivling was born about 1775, and they became the parents f fourteen children: Margaret, the eldest, married John McPherson and is now dead; Mary, Mrs. Nunnemaker, is now eighty-nine years old; Susan, Mrs. Engel, deceased; Abraham was for many years a leading merchant f Xenia and is now dead; Eliza, Mrs. Baker, is eighty-four years old; Sophia is eighty-two years; Harriet, Mrs. Winters, deceased ; Abigail was the wife of Jonathan Harshman, of Dayton, and deceased ; Joana G., Mrs. Leaman, lives in Xenia; Sarah A. died when about sixty-two years old; Emily is the wife of President George W. Willard of Heidelberg College at Tiffin; John is deceased; Martha was the wife of John Bell, of Hillsboro, and deceased. Mr. Hivling was a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity of whose principles he was a warm admirer and defender. Religiously he was connected with the Reformed Church. His father, Nicholas Hivling, was a native of Germany and emigrated to America at an early day, settling in Maryland, where he died. MARTIN SNIDER. One of the finest farms in Clark County is pleasantly located in Bethel Township, and comprises about three hundred broad and fertile acres which, under judicious management, have been brought to a high state of productiveness and afford a handsome income. It has been placed in a first-class condition as regards the improvements upon it, which include not only the needful, but much of the ornamental. This place is owned and occupied by the subject of this sketch, who, beginning his career in life on a small capital, has accumulated a fine fortune, from which he dispenses liberally to worthy objects. The father of our subject was John Snider, a native of York County, Pa., and born November 2, 1783. He was the son f German parents, who died in the Keystone State. He was reared in his native county, whence he came to Ohio in the spring of 1830, settling on section 9, in the township in which his son now lives. There he spent the remainder of his life, which was devoted to the pursuit of agriculture, and died January 23, 1851. When he arrived in this State he was in the possession of less than $600 in money and some stock. He invested his money in land, paying about $6.25 per acre, and while supporting a wife and thirteen children,_ gradually accumulated additional means. All that he had was made by himself. He was a Democrat all his life, and a member of the Lutheran Church. His wife, in her maidenhood Miss Elizabeth Broadbeck, was born February 16, 1786, near Hagerstown, Md., of Swiss parents. She died August 21, 1871, at the homestead in this county, at an advanced age. Martin Snider is one of the eldest of his father's family, and was born in York County, Pa., February 13, 1812. On the farm in the Keystone State he was reared to the age of eighteen years, and then accompanied his parents to Ohio. He remained with his father on the old homestead until 1865, some time afterward settling on his present location. For several years after he came to this State he ran saw and grist mills, although he did not entirely abandon farming, which has been his life work. On April 11, 1865, Mr. Snider was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Sintz, of Springfield Township, the ceremony taking place at the home of her parents, Peter and Elizabeth Sintz. The latter were natives of Pennsylvania and Maryland respectively, but prior to their settlement in this State had lived in Virginia. They were among the very earliest settlers in this county, having located near Springfield in 1805. There Mrs. Snider was born, May 23, 1817: She is a notable housewife, a good neighbor and a devoted wife. She owns about two hundred acres of fine land in Springfield Township. No children have come to bless the home of Mr. and Mrs. Snider. No man in this vicinity is a more liberal supporter of the cause of Christianity, both with means 866 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and personal labors, than Martin Snider. He identified himself with the Lutheran Church when a young man, and has been active since that time, both as a member of the congregation and a worker in the Sunday-school. He belongs to the Donnelsville congregation. He is a member of the Grange, but is not identified with any other social order. Portraits of Mr. Snider and his wife are shown elsewhere in this volume. WASHINGTON WARD occupies an important place among the enterprising and influential business men of Springfield who are taking a prominent part in its upbuilding, and us a leading real-estate and loan agent he is active in promoting its material interests. tie comes of good old pioneer stock, some of his ancestors being among the earliest settlers of the State of Ohio, of which he is a native. His birthplace was in Moorefield Township, Clark County, and January 3, 1833, was the date of his birth. He is a son of Charles Ward, Esq., who was during his lifetime a man of considerable prominence in the county. He was, it is thought, born in Mason County, Ky., while his father, Col. William Ward, is supposed to have been born in Greenbriar, Va. He removed from the Old Dominion to Kentucky among its early settlers. After residing there a few years he came to Clark County, about 1796, and was one of the first pioneers of this portion of what was then a part of the Northwestern Territory. Tecumseh and his tribe of Indians still inhabited this section of the country, and he was one of the committee appointed to meet that noted chief to settle a difficulty caused by the Indians killing a white man. He located on what is now the Urbana road, three miles north of this city, and there erected a log house, which is still standing and in good preservation. He secured a large tract of land extending from Springfield to Urbana, and owned the present site of the latter town. He subsequently removed to Champaign County, locating four miles south of Urbana, where he engaged extensively in farming and stock-raising, residing there permanently until death closed his earthly career, and deprived that community of one of its most enterprising citizens. His descendants are scattered throughout different States of the Union, one of the best known of them being J. Q. A. Ward, the renowned sculptor The grandmother of our subject, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Anderson, was a native of Virginia, and she and her husband now lie buried side by side on the old homestead three miles from Springfield. The grandfather of our subject had three brothers—Charles, James and John A. The latter was captured by the Indians when he was a boy of six years, and was adopted by the tribe (Shawanees), reared by them, and married a squaw and was finally killed in battle while fighting the whites. Charles and James spent their last years in Kentucky. The father of our subject was eighteen years old when he came to this county with his parents, and here he was married in 1827, to Katherine Foley, a native of Clark County, and a daughter of James and Mary (Marsh) Foley, natives, respectively, of Virginia and North Carolina, and early pioneers of this county. Mr. Foley came to Clark County in 1806, and his future wife residing then near Columbus, he went for her on horseback, and returned with his bride riding behind him. He settled in Moorefield Township, commencing his wedded life in a log cabin, and resided here until his death, in 1863, at the advanced age of eighty-four years. His wife preceded him to the grave some years previous to his decease. The father of our subject resided in Urbana until his marriage, and then settled on land two miles north of Springfield on the Urbana Road, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. His death at the age of fifty-four, in 1848, while yet scarcely past the meridian of life, was a serious blow to the material and social interests of the place, and was sincerely mourned by all who knew him. He was a kind father, a devoted husband, and his neighbors and friends found in him a wise and safe counselor. He was a stanch Whig in politics, and he served many years as Justice of the Peace. The mother of our subject lived on the old homestead where PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 867 her wedded life was passed until 1863, and then removed to Springfield, and here closed her eyes in death in August, 1886, having attained a ripe old age. She had a full experience of pioneer life, and of the primitive modes of living, in her early days. She was an adept at spinning and weaving, and used to cook delicious meals before the fire of an open fireplace before the introduction of stoves. She was the mother of seven children, all of whom she reared to useful lives. The son of whom we write grew to a stalwart manhood in his native township, and gleaned his early education in the district school. As soon as large enough to be made of use he was set to work on the farm, and at the time of his father's death he had to assume the charge of the old homestead, and though he was but sixteen years old he showed himself to be fully competent for the responsibilities that thus devolved upon him. He continued to manage the farm with good results until 1863, and in that year took up his residence in Springfield. The ensuing two years he was engaged in the grocery business, and since then has carried on his present calling as a dealer in real estate and a loan agent. In 1883 he built his present commodious and well appointed residence on Stanton Avenue, and here he and his wife have established a home that is replete with all the modern comforts and conveniences. The marriage of Mr. Ward with Mrs. Jane Foley (Swope) Patton was solemnized March 22, 1872, and has proved of mutual benefit. Mrs. Ward is a native of this city, and a daughter of Edward and Millie J. (Foley) Swope, early settlers of Springfield. Mr. Swope was born in Adams County, Pa., October 12, 1814, a son of Jonathan Swope, who was born of German parentage, and spent his entire life in the Keystone State. Mrs. Ward's father came to Clark County in 1835, and locating in this city, became one of its pioneer merchants. He also engaged in buying stock, and before there were railways or canals used to drive his cattle across the Pennsylvania mountains to Eastern markets. He resided in Springfield until 1865, and then, after the death of his wife, moved to Buffalo, N. Y., and established himself in the stock business there, which he still continues as a mem ber of the firm of Swope, Hughs & Walsh. His wife was born in Moorefield Township, and was a daughter of John and Jane D. Foley, well-known pioneers of this section of the country. Mrs. Ward has been twice married. She was first wedded in 1856., to Leander D. Patton, a native of Cincinnati. He was a dry-goods clerk for many years, later was a commercial salesman, and at the time of his death, in 1865, was clerk of the gold board in Chicago. By that marriage Mrs. Ward had two sons—Edward and Charles. Her wedded life with our subject has been blessed to them by the birth of one daughter, Bertha W. Mrs. Ward is a devoted memberff the Episcopal Church, and her daily life is consistent with her religious professions. Mr. Ward is a man of good presence and frank address, is progressive in his views, and in business and financial circles his name is held in respect, and he is conceded to be an honor to thecitizenshipp of his native county. JAMES HENRY RABBITTS, managing editor of the Springfield Daily Republic-Times and the Weekly Republic, was born in this this city April 1, 1853, and is a son of Charles Rabbitts who was born on a farm near Herningsham, Wiltshire, England. The date of the latter's birth was September 7, 1820, and he was the son of George Rabbitts, who was born on a farm in Rodden Parish, Somersetshire, England. His father, George Rabbitts, Sr., was, it is supposed, a native of the same locality and of pure English ancestry. He spent his entire life at farming pursuits and died in Somersetshire. The paternal grandfather of our subject spent his boyhood and youth on the farm and when married located in Wiltshire, where he prosecuted agriculture until 1832. Then not being satisfied with his condition or his prospects, he set out to cross the Atlantic with his wife and seven children, embarking at Bristol, January 10, on the sailer, "Emily," and was obliged to land on Staten Island on account of cholera, from which the ship's pas- 868 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sengers and crew had suffered for a period of forty-nine days. When able to proceed on his journey he started for Cleveland, Ohio, via the Hudson River and Erie Canal to Buffalo and thence by the lake to his destination. From Cleveland, Grandfather Rabbitts proceeded to the vicinity of Strongsville, Cuyahoga County, where he purchased land and engaged in farming until his death, in 1848. his wife, whose maiden name was Rhoda Nuth, was a native of Somersetshire, England, and the daughter of William Nuth. She spent her last years with her daughter Anna, in Lancaster, Ohio. Her children were named respectively: Elizabeth, Anna N., Charles, Frances, William N., Sarah, George and Charles. The father of our subject was a lad of twelve years when he came with his parents to America and he resided with them on the farm until twenty-two years old. Repairing then to Newark, Licking County, he entered a woolen mill and commenced learning the trade of a weaver and manufacturer, and was occupied at this business until 1847. We next find him erecting a woolen mill at Springfield, on Buck Creek, and which was the first institution of the kind in this part of the country. The farmers around were all engaged in sheep-raising and carried their wool to town to be manufactured, so that for some time Mr. Rabbitts was mostly engaged in custom work. During the Civil War the mill was operated to its fullest capacity. Mr. Rabbitts occupied himself as a woolen manufacturer until 1875, then commenced dealing in real estate and finally retired from active business altogether, simply looking after his private interests. The parents of our subject were married May 8, 1848, the mother bearing the maiden name of Margaret Robison. She was born in Wooster, Wayne County, and was a daughter of James and Margaret (Wilson) Robison, who were natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Virginia. The five children born to them were named respectively: James H., William S., Anna, Mary, and Charles R. Mr. and Mrs. Rabbitts are members in good standing of the Second Presbyterian Church, The father in the early days was a member of the old Whig party, but since the organization of the Republican party has been a stanch supporter of the principles of the latter. The subject of this notice was reared in his native city where he attended the common schools and later entered the preparatory department of Greenway Institute, which was under the principalship of Chandler Robbins. Upon leaving this he became a student of Wooster University, whence after a four years' course he was graduated in the class of '74—the first class which was graduated from that institution. During his vacations, he worked in his father's mill and learned the trade of a wool spinner. After being graduated Mr. Rabbitts entered upon the study of law in the office of Keifer & White. He was admitted to the bar in December, 1876, and practiced law alone until January 1, 1878, when he became associated with his former instructors under the firm name of Keifer, White & Rabbitts—the senior members being J. Warren Keifer and Charles R. White. Mr. Rabbitts was engaged in the duties f his profession until 1881, when he was chosen as the Republican candidate for Clerk of the Court f Common Pleas, receiving two thousand majority for the nomination at the primary election. At the regular election he was duly placed in office having no Democratic opponent. He discharged his duties faithfully and was reelected in 1884-87. In August, 1889, Mr. Rabbitts purchased an interest in the firm of A. D. Hosterman & Co., proprietors of the Springfield Daily Republic-Times, and assumed his present position. Finding his editorial duties incompatible with his official duties, he resigned his clerkship in January, 1890. Mr. Rabbitts was married December 7, 1882, to Miss Cornelia, daughter of the Rev. Nathaniel Burt, D.D. and Rebecca A. (Belden) Burt. Dr. Burt was for many years pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Springfield. He went to Europe on account of failing health and died at Rome in 1874. His remains were laid to rest in Rome, Italy, beside those of the poet Keats. Mrs. Burt was born in New Jersey and is still living, being a resident of Springfield. Mrs. Rabbitts was born in Baltimore, Md., and came to Ohio with her parents. Of her union with our subject there are three children : Burt, Margaret and Frances. Mr. Rabbitts cast his first Presiden- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 869 tial vote for Rutherford B. Hayes, and has always been an ardent Republican. He was a member of the County Executive Committee seven years and Chairman three years. Both he and his wife are members in good standing of the Second Presbyterian Church. Socially,. Mr. Rabbitts belongs to Anthony Lodge, No. 455, F. & A. M.; Red Star Lodge, No. 205, K. of P.; the Phi Kappa Psi and the Gamma Chapter of Wooster University. JOHN LUDLOW, banker, Springfield, is a true representative of a pioneer family, who are so well known that the name is familiar to all, and his life has been of that energetic stamp that is characteristic f the first settlers, who have contributed the best years of their lives to the development of Clark County. His father, Cooper Ludlow, was a native of New Jersey, born June 11, 1783, and was married, in 1803, to Miss Elizabeth Reeder, daughter of Jacob Reeder, of Reading, Ohio, and in 1804 they, accompanied by the Reeder family, cattle to the Mad River country, settling about three miles west of where Springfield is located, where they established a tannery close to what is now the second crossing of the Delaware & Springfield Railroad. Here were bOrn their children—Ellen, Mary, Stephen, John and Jacob, the latter of whom died in infancy, and, in 1813, Mrs. Ludlow also passed away. In 1815 Cooper was again married to Miss Elizabeth Layton, daughter of Joseph Layton, to whom were born the following children: Joseph, Jason, Silas, Abram, George, Cornelius, James, Catharine and William, all but three of the children being yet living; and, in 1832, Cooper Ludlow died, aged fifty-five years. He was the nephew of Israel Ludlow, one of the founders of Cincinnati, and his father, John Ludlow, came from New Jersey to Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1790, and was the first Sheriff of that county The subject of this sketch was born in this county, December 8, 1810, and his education was obtained in the log schoolhouse of the primitive days. Upon reaching maturity, he chose the business of a druggist in preference to other pursuits, and was for a number of years in the employ of Moses M. Hinkle, his pharmaceutical education being completed while in the employ of Goodwin & Ashton, of Cincinnati, and he was afterward engaged with Dr. W. A. Needham, of Springfield. After the death of Dr. Needham, he became associated in business with Cyrus T. Ward for many years; afterward forming a partnership with Joseph Wheldon, whose interest, after a time, he purchased, and continued the business alone, his experience as a druggist extending over a period of more than thirty years. In 1851 he was elected a Director of the Springfield Bank, and, upon the death of Oliver Clark, became its President, a position which he has continued to fill up to the present time. In 1864 the name was changed to the First National Bank of Springfield, with a capital of $300,000, the stock being subsequently raised to $400,000, and to-day it has on hand $123,000 of surplus and undivided profits. Mr. Ludlow was married, August 31, 1835, to Miss Elmina Getman, daughter of Frederick and Mary Getman, of Herkimer Ccunty, N. Y., of which county Mrs. Ludlow is a native, and of this union three children were born, viz: Ellen, the wife of Asa S. Bushnell; Frederick, who resides in California; and Charles, the successor f his father in the drug business, in Springfield. Politically, Mr. Ludlow was a Whig, casting his first vote for Henry Clay, in 1832, and, on the formation of the Republican party, he joined its standard and still clings to its principles. He has no official aspirations, but feels proud of the distinction of having for fourteen years held the office of Treasurer of the Clark County Bible Society, devoting much time to this cause. For forty years he has been a member of the Episcopal Church, of which denomination his wife is also a consistent adherent, and both are in the enjoyment of good health and vigorous old age. Mr. Ludlow was one of the projectors of Fern Cliff Cemetery, was one of its first Di, ectors, and has been President of the Board of Trustees since its organization. He was well acquainted with all the pioneers of Clark County, John Daugherty, David Lowry, Griffith Foos, John Humphreys, Maddox Fisher, and many others, whose names will appear in the history of Clark County. 870 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. He furnished the Clark County Historical Society a number of his personal reminiscences of the early history of the county and city of Springfield, which papers are now on file with the Historical Society of Cleveland, and his assistance in furnishing data for the present work has been invaluable. He is noted for his liberalty for charitable purposes, and has ever been foremost in using his means for the development of the business interests of the city; kind and obliging in his manners, his course in life has been such that he scarcely ever had an enemy, and his warmest friends are those who know him best. The home of Mr. Ludlow is just outside the city limits in an elegant residence of the Elizabethian style of architecture, his grounds being equal in beauty to any in the city, and here the aged couple, happy in the enjoyment of each others society, are journeying down the hillside of life hand in hand, loving and trusting each other, while the lingering sunset of old age casts its shadows back o'er long years fruitful of good and usefulness. PROF. HEZEKIAH R. GEIGER is distinguished in the educational annals of Ohio as one of the founders of Wittenberg College, whose erudition and earnest labors in its behalf, while holding one of its professorships, contributed largely to raise it to the highest eminence among the literary institutions of its class in our land. he severed his connection with the college after many years service within its walls, only to accept a position with the United States Geological Survey, remaining with it several years until his resignation in 1890. The Professor is a native of Pennsylvania, born in Greencastle, Franklin County, January 10,1820, a son of Henry Geiger, who was born in Schuylkill County, the same State. His grandfather, Charles Geiger, was born of German parentage and at the tine of the Revolution was living near Philadelphia, and bore an honorable part in the struggle for freedom between the Colonists and the mother country. He was a miller by trade, and so far as known, spent his entire life in Pennsylvania. The father of our subject was reared acid married in his native State, and resided there until 1832, and then, animated by the same spirit that led some of his ancestry to cross the waters from the German fatherland, he emigrated to .a more newly settled country, corning to Ohio with his wife and seven children. He located first in Columbiana County, but later removed to Champaign County and cast in his lot with its pioneers. He bought property in Urbana, and lived retired in his last years, spending the latter part of his life with his children, but died in Dayton at the house of his eldest son, Dr. Geiger. He was a man of good mental calibre, and sober, earnest convictions, a good citizen, and, true to the blood of the Revolutionary grandsire coursing through his veins, he was intensely loyal in his patriotic. devotion to his country, and at the breaking out of the war, eagerly offered his services to defend the honor of the old flag, but to his sorrow he was rejected on account of his advanced age. In the time f the war of 1812 he was an ardent Democrat and served as a soldier in that war and participated in several of the important and hard fought battles along the lakes under Gen. Scott. He was a man of brave and sterling qualities as a soldier and a patriot, but afterward joined the Whigs, and when the Republican party was organized he fell into its ranks. Both he and his wife were consistent members of the Lutheran Church, showing by the rectitude of their lives the reality of their religious professions. His wife died some years before he did in their home in Urbana. They were the parents of twelve children, eleven sons and one daughter. The son of whom we write was the third in order f birth. His early life was passed in his nanative State, where he was given every advantage to gain a liberal education, and he was graduated from Pennsylvania College in the class of 1846, with a high rank in scholarship. After leaving college he came to Springfield and became identified with its best educational interests as one of the founders of Wittenberg College, and to his devoted work in its behalf it owes much of its PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 871 success. When the college opened he accepted a professorship and became instructor of natural sciences and mathematics, and during his connection with the institution he was one of its most earnest and cultured teachers; his thorough familiarity with the subjects taught, his easy and clear method of instruction, combined with his ever courteous and kindly considerations for, and sincere interest in the welfare of the students who were so fortunate to sit under his teachings made him a general favorite with all, and he still holds a warm place in the hearts of many who have since gone forth in the world and have risen to places of prominence in various walks of life. As the school grew in numbers, the Professor's duties grew more arduous and he had to resign the chair of mathematics, and devote himself exclusively to teaching the natural sciences. He was thus engaged for many years till his resignation in 1882, much to the regret of the college authorities, and all connected with the institution. The same year, 1882, he accepted a position as a member of the United States Geological Survey, for which his well-trained mind amply qualified him. He remained with the Survey until 1890 when he resigned his position. Prof. Geiger was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Melvina Hartford, December 14, 1854. She is a lady of fine mind, 'which has been broadened and deepened by thorough culture, rendering her a fitting companion for the man by whose side she has walked life's journey for more than thirty years. She is a native of West Virginia but received her education in Steubenville, this State, and met her future husband here in Springfield where she had come to accept a position as teacher in the Presbyterian Seminary. The happiness of their felicitous wedded life has been increased by the seven children born to them as follows: Alice C., Albert, Elizabeth, the wife f Arthur D. Hosterman, of whom see sketch; Anna, the wife of John N. Garver; Harry M., Ella T., and Frank. As a teacher, our subject was an ornament to the profession; as a scientist, a man of exceptional talent and fine mentality, his acute and accurate powers of observation, and keen analytical mind made his services invaluable both to the college, with which his name will ever be associated, and to the Government while in its employ. The Professor is as active in the religious as in the educational cause of that denomination for whose interests he has so long been a worker, and he, his wife and five of his children are members of the First Lutheran Church of this city.   EDWARD R. WALTON. a leading farmer of Spring Valley Township, Greene County, has a finely located country home a half has a finely located country home a half mile north of New Burlington, comprising one hundred and thirty-one acres under good cultivation and embellished with neat modern buildings. This township has been the life-long home of Mr. Walton as it was here he was born January 5, 1832. His parents were Samuel' and Catharine (Menden hall) Walton. Samuel Walton was born March 26, 1804, in Frederick County, Va. His wife, Catharine, was born September 19, 1801, in Guilford County, that State. The father of our subject emigrated to Ohio with his parents by wagon, and they settled upon the present site of Spring Valley, which re. mained the home of Samuel Walton until his death, March 9, 1844. The mother survived her husband for a period of twenty years, her death taking place at the old homestead, April 18, 1864. They reared six children to maturity, these being Ruth, who married James Mills and is now a resident of Marion Couuty, Ind.; Milo in Spring Valley; Edward R., our subject; John, who died in December, 1860; Moses A. is the Superintendent of the County Infirmary of this county, and William M., of California. The father was a Whig politically, and religiously, belonged to the Society of Friends. He left a well-improved farm of one hundred and twenty-three acres which he had built up from the primitive soil and which furnished to himself and family a comfortable home. He was a man respected by all who knew him. The paternal grandfather of our subject was Edward Walton, a native of Shenandoah County, Va., 872 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and born January 3, 1777. He married Deborah Allen, who was born April 10, 1775, likewise in Virginia, they becoming the parents of the following children, namely: Samuel, Elizabeth, Moses, Eunice, Edward, Hannah and John. The two eldest were natives of the Old Dominion. Grandfather Walton emigrated to Ohio overland with teams and settled on about four hundred acres f land where Spring Valley now stands. He laid out the first lots for the town, together with his son Moses, twenty-four in all; he spent the remainder of his days in this region, dying at a ripe old age. Being a Quaker in religious; belief, he refused to enter the military service and was fined accordingly a number of times. He departed hence April 10, 1867, having survived his wife .many years, her death taking place September 11, 1842. Grandmother Walton was sixty-seven years old. The family in this country descended from three or four brothers who came over from England in 1664 in advance of William Penn and settled on the Schuylkill River above Philadelphia, Pa. The mother of our subject was the daughter of John and Ruth (Brown) Mendenhall,who were born in Guilford County, N. C., March 6, 1759, and April 4, 17-67, respectively. Grandfather Mendenhall came to this county in 1804, and located in Spring Valley Township, four miles south of Xenia. where he secured between three and four hundred acres of land. The children of this worthy couple were named respectively, Richard, Joseph, Margaret, Aaron, Ruth, Catherine, William, Benjamin, Nathan, John and Nancy. The two last mentioned died young. The subject of this notice spent his boyhood and youth under the parental roof, acquiring a common-school education in his native township and becoming familiar with the various employments of farm life. Upon leaving school he taught two terms, one in Spring Valley Township and one in Iowa. When twenty-two years old he began farming on his own account, and in 1856, went to Adair County, Iowa, where he spent two years on a farm, having in the meantime purchased, in 1854, four hundred acres of land. Upon this he built three houses then sold out and in 1859, crossed the plains to California, locating in Siskiyou County. He occupied himself in mining and teaming and after spending five years in the Golden State, went into Nevada and for some time was engaged in prospecting and hauling ore and salt. Mr. Walton spent ten years on the Pacific Slope including three years in Montana. In 1869, he returned to Iowa where he remained until 1873. That year he came to this county and located where he now resides. He is looked upon as a useful and reliable citizen, is Republican in politics and has served as Justice of the- Peace for two terms. He has held the office of Township Trustee for ten years. He was married March 2, 1871, to Miss Alice, daughter f John and Rebecca (Steddon) Compton. This laxly was born January 7, 1836, in Spring Valley, of parents who were natives of Ohio, and are now living in this township. Of her union with our subject there have been born three children, the eldest of whom, Ruthetta, died at the age of six years and eight months. Anna E. was born September 11, 1876, and died January 29, 1878; Catherine was born May 14, 1874, and died December 20, 1878; Nettie, their only remaining child, was born January 24, 1880. The maternal grandmother of our subject, Ruth (Brown) Mendenhall, witnessed the Indian battle of Guilford Court-House, N. C. Her father was killed by the Indians in Eastern Ohio while on a prospecting tour prior to 1800. Mr. Walton during his sojourn in the far West also had some experience with the treacherous savages. THOMAS B. CUMMINGS is one of the leading farmers of Caesar's Creek Township, his home being six miles south of Xenia. His first purchase here was of fifty-five acres, for which he paid $15 per acre, and to which he has since added seven hundred acres, making one of the largest farms in the vicinity. It is well improved, carefully cultivated, and brings in an abundant income. Mr. Cummings was born. February 6, 1814, in the northern part of Bucks County, 1 a., in which his ancestors had lived for several generations. His parents, James and Mary (Barr) Cum-