50 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY In 1887 he was nominated by the Democracy of Cincinnati for the office of judge of the probate court, but the city at that time was hopelessly Republican and he was defeated with the rest of his party ticket. On Aug. 25, 1877, Mr. Coffey was united in marriage to Miss Mary Bolger, daughter of Captain Bolger, of Cincinnati. To this union there were born ten children, seven of whom are still living. They are Guy, John F., Edward, Clarence, Albert, Ruth and Marguerite. Mrs. Coffey preceded her husband to the tomb. Mr. Coffey was a member of the Church of the Guardian Angel, Mount Washington, and was a consistent practitioner of the precepts of his religion. His death was the result of disease incurred while serving in the army during the war. He has left to posterity a clean record as a lawyer, a citizen, and as a man. He was a strict observer of the ethics of the legal profession and avoided everything like pettifogging; he was a law abiding and patriotic citizen; his wit was always refined and free from sting, and his charity was of the kind that lets not the left hand know what the right hand doeth. EZRA W. VAN DUSEN, of the Buckeye Bell and Brass Foundry, of Cincinnati, O., is one of the oldest, if not the oldest active business man in that city at the present time. He was born Aug. 20, 1824, at the southwest corner of Elm and Water streets, his parents being Abraham and Johanna (Kellog) Van Dusen, who were among the early settlers of Cincinnati. His grandfather, Matthew Van Dusen, was born on June 15, 1761, died in Cincinnati, Aug. 6, 1820, and was buried in the rear of the old stone church on the site now occupied by the Wesley Chapel, on Fifth street. Abraham Van Dusen and Johanna Kellog were married on April 9, 1809. Ezra Van Dusen received his early education, which was somewhat limited, by attending the common schools and night schools. At the age of twelve, he went to work in the glass works of Parker, Cummings & Alexander, on East Front street. In April, 1838, he went to the Buckeye Bell and Brass Foundry, his first duty being that of running the engine. Next he got to making cores and finally became the boss core-maker, thus laying the foundation for acquiring a thorough knowledge of the brass foundry business. In 1856 he became a partner in the MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 51 concern with which he had been employed for eighteen years, the other members of the firm being G. W. Coffin and C. T. Tift. Some six years before this Mr. Van Dusen had purchased the scales of Francis Meyer for the manufacture of chime bells. In 1865 Mr. Coffin retired from the company and upon the death of Mr. Tift, in 1894, Mr. Van Dusen purchased his interest from the estate. Since then he has been the sole owner and proprietor of the works. About a year after this Mr. Van Dusen cast the largest swinging bell on this continent. It was cast on Oct. 30, 1895, and hangs in the belfry of St. Francis de Sales church, East Walnut Hills, Cincinnati. The contract called for a bell weighing thirty thousand pounds, with a tone of D sharp or D natural, and so perfect was the work clone that it requires the most expert musicians to detect its tone lacking vibrations. The bell is nine feet in diameter at the rim, five feet at the crown, seven feet in height, and the sounding board is nine inches in thickness. The only bell on the Western Continent that approaches it in size is the one in the Notre Dame Cathedral, Montreal, Canada, the weight of that bell being twenty-eight thousand pounds. Notwithstanding his fourscore years Mr. Van Dusen is active in his business, takes great pride in turning out good work, and rarely uses glasses to assist his sight. He was married on Oct. z6, 1844, to Miss Annie Eliza Dowds, and to this union there have been born the following children: Henrietta Elizabeth, married William P. Mounts, of Morrow, O. ; Ezra W., married Annie Rogers, of Branch Hill, 0.; Rhoda; Annie, married Dr. M. F. Baldwin, of Blanchester, O. ; George W., married Grace Julian; Charles Alser; Martha W,; Cora, married J. F. Dye, of Newport, Ky.; Frank E., married Carrie Cullom, of Mainville, O., and now resides at Loveland in the same state. Mr. Van Dusen is a member of Christ Episcopal church, is a strong temperance advocate, and never takes any active part in political contests. The best efforts of his life have been given to building up a business in which he stands at the head in the United States, and when he shall have laid down the burden of life the world will be the better for his having lived in it. ROBERT J. BONSER, of Cincinnati, O., one of the largest wholesale carpet dealers in the United States, was born in London, Canada, March 5. 1863, his parents being Edward F. and Sarah (Potter) Bonser. His mother, a daughter of Col. Robert Potter, of the English army, was born in the West Indies while her father was stationed there on military duty. In the early sixties Edward Bonser came with his family to Cincinnati, where he followed the vocation of painter 52 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY and paper-hanger. In 1872 he went to Lafayette, Ind., and established himself in the wall paper business, later becoming a member of the firm of Ward & Co., of that city. Returning to Cincinnati in 1877 he remained there until 1884, when he removed to Topeka, Kan.; went to Tacoma, Wash., in 1884, and subsequently returned to Cincinnati, where he still lives. Robert J. Bonser was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati and in 18i9 began his business career as a salesman in the collar and cuff department of C. R. Mabley. After a short time in this department his superb qualifications as a salesman began to be made manifest and he was transferred to the men's clothing department, where he remained for nine years, rising from one important position to another until he had charge of the department. Other mercantile establishments noted his ability as a salesman andhiss services were sought after by some of the best houses in the city. Early in July, 1889, Mr. Bonser purchased an interest in the wholesale and retail carpet house of Lowry & Goebel, and although he had never handled that line of goods, within a month he educated himself in all the details of the business, took the road as a salesman, with the result that from the start his orders compared favorably with the old veterans. In 1897 he severed his connectionwithh this house and established himself at No. 21 West Pearl St., under the name of Robert J. Bonser, as a wholesale dealer in carpets, mattings and linoleums exclusively. The first year the volume of business amounted to three hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and this has steadily grown until now the house does a business amounting to a million and a quarter of dollars annually. A corps of efficient and energetictravelingg salesmen represent Mr. Bonser in the States of Ohio, Indiana,Michigann, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia and the eastern portion of Illinois. The growth of the business necessitated larger quarters and early in 19o4 Mr. Bonser leased the adjoining building at No. 23 West Pearl St., having previously established a large warehouse at No. 26 West Second St. He also uses the storage warehouse of the Big Four railway. The marvelous growth of this house is due chiefly to the energy, ability and personalmagnetismm of Mr. Bonser. Added to this is the good taste shown in the selection of stock,designss, etc., which, with the prompt payment of bills, gives the concern a reputation second to none in the country and makes Mr. Bonser the acknowledged monarch of the carpet trade in the territory where his house is known. Mr. Bonser is a prominent figure in fraternal circles in Cincinnati and vicinity. He is a Thirty-second degree -Mason in the Cincinnati Consistorv, and has also taken the York Rite of the Order, being a mem- MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 53 ber of Willia Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Trinity Commandery, Knights Templars. For a number of years he has been a Knight of Pythias. In political matters he is a Republican, keeps well informed on public questions, but is not an active politician, and in religion he is a Presbyterian. Mr. Bonser was married on March 5, 1884, to Miss Ella, daughter of Philip and Mary Metzger, of Cincinnati, and to this union there have been born two children: Horace and Isabella. HON. ALBERT S. BERRY, an attorney and prominent citizen of Newport, Ky., is a descendant of one of the oldest and most highly connected families of Campbell county. His grandfather, Washington Perry, was a native of Virginia, but came to Kentucky at an early date, where he was one of the trustees that laid out the city of Newport and was the first judge of Campbell county. He married Miss Alice Taylor, daughter of Gen. James Taylor, a soldier of the war of 1812 and one of the largest land owners of Kentucky. James T. Berry, a son of this marriage, was born in 1806. He was one of the largest farmers and land owners in Campbell county and was one of the leading citizens. His wife was Miss Virginia Wise, a daughter of Nathaniel Wise, a prominent attorney of Washington, D. C., where he died in 1826. Her mother was a Miss McKeney. James T. and Virginia Berry were the parents of the following children: Washington N., who died in the Confederate service during the Civil war; Albert S., the subject of this sketch ; Virginia, wife of Philip B. Spence, of Nashville, Tenn. ; Jane, who died as the wife of Taylor Williams; Mildred W. and Petty, both of whom died unmarried ; and James T. and Edmund F., also deceased. Albert S. Perry was born on his father's farm in Campbell county, in 1831, and has always claimed that county as his home. He was educated at the Miami university, Oxford, O., after which he attended the Cincinnati law school and in due course of time was admitted to the bar. He began the practice of his professicn at Newport, where he has had a successful career ever since, being in continuous practice except what time he served in the army during the war, and by his elections to various official positions. In 1851 he was chosen superintendent of public instruction; city attorney in 1858; served as president of the school board for some time; mayor of the city for four terms; two terms in the state senate; was nominated by his party for governor in 1887, but was defeated by a chain of circumstances over which he had no control; was elected to Congress from the Sixth Kentucky district in 1892 and was three times re-elected, serving four consecutive terms, and in January, 1904, 54 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY he was appointed by Governor Beckham to the position of circuit judge of Campbell county, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Newman. At the outbreak of the Civil war Air. Berry enlisted in Company A, Fifth Kentucky Confederate cavalry, and served four years. Some time after his enlistment he was made adjutant in the signal service and served as such for about a year. He was then promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the marine service and ordered to Charleston Harbor. After the march of Sherman to the sea the marine force with which he was stationed was sent to Richmond to join Lee's army. Three days before the final surrender at Appomattox he was captured and held a prisoner at Johnston's Island for two months when he was released and returned to Newport with the rank of captain. Mr. Berry was married in 1867 to Miss Annie Shaler, daughter of Nathaniel B. and Ann (Southgate) Shaler, the former a native of New York and the latter of Newport. To this union there have been born five children, viz.: Alice, wife of William H. Nunn, Portland, Ore.; Shaler, a practicing physician at Newport; Anna, at home; Albert S., Jr., a graduate of the Cincinnati law school and in practice at Newport; and Robert L., who served as a cadet from the third class at Annapolis on the San Francisco during the Spanish-American war. The vessel was shot through by a Spanish gun near Morro Castle at Havana. After the war he returned to Annapolis, completed his course, graduated with the class of 18999, and is now an ensign on the United States torpedo boat destroyer, "Hull." HUBBARD. SCHWARTZ, of Newport, Ky., circuit court clerk of Campbell county and a well-known newspaper man, was born in Newport, April 15, 1868. His grandfather, John Frederick Schwartz, was a native of Hamburg, Germany. During the political agitation there in 1831 he expressed his sympathy for the opponents of the existing state of affairs, incurred by this course the displeasure of the authorities, and fled with his family to America. After a voyage of thirty-one days they landed at Baltimore, but fearing that he would be captured and sent back, Mr. Schwartz made his way with his family overland to Wheeling. On this journey they suffered much discomfort from the melting of the heavy snows, which caused the great flood of the early spring of 1832, the second greatest in the history of the Ohio river. The grandfather died at Wheeling and in 1838 his widow with her children floated down the river on a barge to Cincinnati, where she lived for several years, and finally died in Grant's Lick, Campbell county. Her three sons were John, MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 55 Henry and Herman. The first two are deceased and Herman left Cincinnati for Texas, since which time all trace of him has been lost. John Schwartz, the eldest son, was born in amburgg in 1825. Upon the death of his father he became the main assistance to his widowed mother. Soon after coming to Cincinnati, in 1838, he was apprenticed to a rope maker for a year, his wages going to his mother to help toward the support of the family. He continued to work at the business until he was eighteen years old, when the family removed to Jamestown, now a part of Dayton, Ky. For several years he operated a rope-walk in what is now Isabella street, one of the principal thoroughfares of Newport. John Schwartz was the first mayor of Jamestown and also the last one before it was consolidated with Brooklyn to form the city of Dayton. He was also president of the board of education for some time. In 1864 he was elected sheriff of the county on the Democratic ticket and at the close of his term was re-elected. Upon retiring from the sheriff's office he farmed for five years in Grant's Lick precinct, where he had bought a farm, and at the end of that time returned to Newport, residing there while operating rope factories at Paris and Nicholasvlle, Ky. In 1875, he was elected city jailer and held the office for six years, when he retired from both business and politics. He died in 1889. Owing to the death of his father, already mentioned, his opportunities to secure an education were such that he never attended school a day in his life. However, by self study he learned to read and write, and ultimately became a well-informed mean. He married Wilhelmina Bandermann, a native of Salzburg, Germany, who, when she came to America, made the trip from Baltimore to Cincinnati on the first regular passenger train between those two cities. She died in 18g1. The children of John and ilhelminaa Schwartz are: John, now living on the old homestead at Grant's Lick; Cornelia, widow of Jeremiah Lane, of Ashmore, Ill. ; Henry, with the Filley Stave Company, of St. Louis; Anna, wife of John Ludewig, of Newport; Lettie, wife of Fred Wahle, of Newport; William, with the Langdon Grocery Company, of Cincinnati, and Hubbard, the subject of this sketch. Hubbard Schwartz obtained his primary education in the public schools of Newport, afterward taking the complete course in the Nelson Business college, of Cincinnati, in half the allotted time; from 1885 to 1890 he was a professional baseball player in various league clubs; then became connected with the daily and weekly Conimonwealth, of Covington, as a reporter; remained with that paper about three years; started a paper in Dayton and Bellevue, called the Day Bell; sold his 56 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY interest to his partner in a few months to become a staff correspondent of the Toledo Bee; later went to the Cincinnati Enquirer as the Campbell county reporter; in that capacity reported all the details of the famous Jackson and WI alling case, for the murder of Pearl Bryan; became connected with the Times-Star in April, 1897, as reporter and later as assistant managing editor, and still later as telegraph editor, remaining with that paper until January, 1904. In 1903 he received the Democratic nomination for clerk of the circuit court and although the county is normally Republican by about boo majority he was elected by 560, which tells the story of his personal popularity better than words. In his canvass he received the warmest endorsements from the Democratic press of the States of Ohio and Kentucky, while the Republican papers had little or nothing to say in opposition. Mr. Schwartz is well known in fraternal circles, being an Odd Fellow, an Elk, a Knight of Pythias, a Modern Woodman, and a member of the Royal Circle and the Tribe of Ben Hur. He was married on Nov. 21, 1893, to Miss Belle Taft McArthur, daughter of Peter McArthur, a member of one of the old pioneer families of Campbell county. Mr. and Mrs. Schwartz have one daughter, Vivian Leanor, aged eight years. Both parents are members of the Baptist church. WILLIAM F. LOHSTROH, assessor of Campbell county, Ky., was born in the city of Newport, where he now lives and has his office, April 7, 1861. His father, Henry Lohstroh, was a native of Hanover, Germany, where he was born, June 21, 1827. When Henry was about fifteen years of age, his father having died, leaving himself and one brother, he came to America and soon after his arrival in this country located in Newport, where he passed the remainder of his life. What schooling he had was obtained in his native land. His first position in Newport was that of hostler for Gen. James Taylor and later he had charge of the livery stable of Horatio T. Harris, a son-in-law of General Taylor. After some time in this place he went into business for himself, running a number of drays and express wagons, and doing a general transfer business, which he continued to follow as long as he Lived. During the Civil war he MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 57 was a member of the home guards and took part in the movement to resist General Morgan in his great raid. In 1813 he was married to Miss Louise Wuelner, a native of Germany. he died on Jan. 21, 1869, and his widow survived him until 1896, when she too entered her final rest. They had nine children, yiz.: J. Henry, in the commission business in Cincinnati, but lives in Newport ; Louis, died in infancy Marv, wife of Charles Heiler of Price Bill, Cincinnati ; John F., in the grocery business in Mt. Auburn, Cincinnati; William F., the subject of this sketch ; Anna and Charles, both died in infancy ; Edward, who runs a grocery in Newport, and Emma, who died in childhood. William F. Lohstroh received his education in the Newport public schools. While still in his teens he entered the employ of W. M. Spencer & Son, preserve makers, of Cincinnati, and remained with the firm for twenty-five years, filling every position from office boy to general foreman. During this time he served three terms as councilman from the Sixth ward in the city council of Newport, and in 1901 he was nominated by the republicans for the office of county assessor. At the ensuing election he was victorious by a handsome majority and is now holding the office for a term of four years. Mr. Lohstroh is a prominent figure in fraternal circles, being a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; the Knights of Pythias ; the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ; the Junior Order of American Mechanics; the Sons of Young Pioneers; the Knights of the Maccabees; and belongs to the Eastern Star and Rebekah degrees of Masonry and Odd Fellowship. He is also a member of the Brotherhood of Stationary Engineers, No. 18, of Cincinnati, and is affiliated with the Federation of Labor. He is president of the Newport Building and Loan Association, No. i. and is a director in the Kentucky Building and Loan Association, the largest in Newport. On Jan. 24, 1884, Mr. Lohstroh was married to Miss Mary Jaeger, a native of Germany, and they have had five children. William Henry, Leslie John and Elsie Marie are deceased; Stanley Otto and Pearl are at home with their parents, the son now being a student in the Newport high school. He was born Sept. 11, 1886, and Pearl was born July 8, 1888. PETER McARTHUR, a retired citizen of Dayton, Ky., is a member of a family that has been long and prominently identified with the history of Campbell county, Ky. His grandfather, whose name was also Peter, was born in Argyleshire, Scotland, in 1764. When he was about twenty years of age he came to America, having for his 58 - MEMOIRS OF TILE LOWER OHIO VALLEY traveling companion on the voyage his cousin, Duncan McArthur, who rose to the rank of general in the war of 1812 and was the eighth governor of the State of Ohio. Peter McArthur came to Kentucky, located near Georgetown, and soon afterward found employment as a surveyor, following that occupation for several years in Central Kentucky and Southern Ohio, locating land warrants for the soldiers who served in the Revolutionary war. In 1815 he settled in Newport, where he engaged in the hotel business, and lived there until his death in July, 1828. On Dec. 26, 1800, he married Mrs. Mary Tompkins, nee Michie, a native of Louisa county, Va., but of Irish extraction. She died Sept. 1, 1853. and was buried by the side of her husband in Evergreen Cemetery at Newport. Their children were Augustus E., Thomas Jefferson, Gilbert, Nancy, and James Madison, all now deceased. James Madison, the youngest of the family, was born near Georgtown, Jan. 31, 1810, and was five years old when his parents removed to Newport. There he attended private schools until he was fifteen years of age, when he entered Center college, at Danville, and studied for one year, which completed his schooling. Upon reaching manhood he became an extensive dealer in real estate, at one time owning over one-third of the land in Campbell county. He then turned his attention to the improvement of Newport; opened the first street in the city; invested large sums of capital in the building of houses for residence and business purposes; sold much of his property on long time to assist others in getting homes; established the Newport Safety Fund hank, and was its president from 1832 to 1856; in company with James T. Berry and Henry Walker he laid out the town of Dayton; spent both time and money in building up the new town ; built the street railway between Dayton and Newport; owned it for nine years, after which he sold it and turned his attention to other lines of business. Mr. McArthur was also active in politics. For ten years he was president of the Newport city council; was twice elected to the legislature, in 1846 and in 1873; introduced and secured the passage of the `'Cemetery Act;" the act levying tax on real estate to aid in the establishment of common schools ; the mechanics' lien law ; and various other important acts of legislation. In 1837 he was married to Miss Mary J., daughter of Charles Stricker, of Philadelphia. She died on April 6, 1893, and he on Feb. 11, 1900. They had seven children, viz.: Peter, born May 28, 1838, the subject of this sketch; Mary, born April 10, 1840, and died June 1, 1865 ; Alice, born March 4, 1842, now the widow of Henry M. Rand; Annie, born Sept. 30, 1844, now Mrs. T. J. Haggard, of Dayton, Ky.; Charles, born Jan. 8, 1847, connected with the Savannah, MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 59 Florida & Western railway, at Jacksonville, Fla.; Ida, born June 1, 1850, and died March 17, 1894; William W., born Oct. 23, 1858, and died Jan. 3, 1903. Peter McArthur, the eldest child of the family, has always claimed Campbell county as his home. He was educated in the public schools of Dayton and finished his education with a course at College Hill, O. After leaving school he engaged in mercantile pursuits at Carthage and continued in that business until the war broke out. During the war he did all he could do to advance the cause of the Confederacy. After the war he went to Missouri, where he followed merchandizing for about two years, when he returned to Newport and was superintendent of the Newport and Dayton street railroad until 1875. For some time succeeding this he was the proprietor of a line of steamboats running between Memphis, Tenn., and points on the Black and White rivers in Arkansas. In 19o2 he sold out his interests in this business and since then has lived retired at Dayton. Mr. McArthur has always taken an active interest in politics ; served as deputy sheriff for a number of years; was once nominated for sheriff but was defeated by a combination of circumstances; and is always ready to do his part to advance the interests of his party. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. On May 18, 1865, he was married to Miss Calista E., daughter Willard F. Taft, a distant relative of the family from which comes W. H. Taft, the present secretary of war. Mr. and Mrs. McArthur have five children: Mame wife of Charles Auspaugh, of Dayton ; Ida Lee is deceased ; Jesse is in the laundry business at Dayton; Belle is now Mrs. Hubbard Schwartz ( see sketch) ; and Calista is at home with her parents. Mrs. McArthur and the children belong to the Baptist church. SAMUEL F. WRIGHT, a well-known farmer of Campbell county, Ky., residing near Alexandria, was born on the old homestead, where he now lives, Aug. 15, 1851. He is the next to the youngest of ten children born to Samuel and Elizabeth (Baker) Wright, and a grandson of that Joseph Wright who came from Bracken county in 1818 and settled near Alexandria. (For a complete account of the ancestry see the sketch of Joseph F. Wright.) Samuel F. Wright has lived all his life in Campbell county. He received a good, practical education in the common schools and upon attaining his majority he adopted the life of a tiller of the soil, which has been his vocation ever since. He does a general farming business and is regarded as one of the successful men of his neighborhood. In 1871 Mr. Wright was married to Miss 60 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY Anna Riggall, a daughter of Richard Riggall, who came from England and settled in Campbell county several years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Wright have the following children: Alice, now the wife of John Hully, of Avondale, O. ; Fannie, at home with her parents ; Walter, who lives at Hamilton, O. ; and Albert, Edna and Eva at home. Mr. Wright is a man of domestic tastes and spends most of his time with his family. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and an occasional evening at the lodge-room is one of the causes for his being away from home after nightfall. As a citizen he has the confidence and respect of his neighbors and acquaintances, and as a farmer he is looked upon as one of the most progressive in his locality. DANIEL RIEDEL, of Newport, Ky, sheriff of Campbell county, was born in the city of Cincinnati, July 2, 1849, and is the oldest child of Christian and Margaret Riedel, both natives of Bavaria, Germany. In 1858 his parents moved to Zanesville. Ohio, and started in the bakery business, and in 1863 his father lost   his life by the falling of the market house, caused by the weight of a heavy snow on the roof. His mother is living, now residing in Newport. Daniel was not quite sixteen years of age when he left home and began life for himself. Going to Cincinnati he found employment as a deck-sweeper on one of the river steamers and for the next nine years he was on the Ohio, Mississippi and Missouri rivers, and their tributaries, filling various positions of trust and responsibility in the river trade. Upon leaving the river he located in Newport and since 1875 he has been engaged in the business of moving household goods, etc., having one of the best equipped lines of furniture vans about the three cities. Mr. Riedel has always taken an interest in political affairs. He served five years as a member of the Newport city council with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. In the campaign of 1901 he was nominated by the Republicans for the office of sheriff and although the county is comparatively close, the Democrats electing part of the ticket, Mr. Riedel's majority was 1,195, the largest ever given to a candidate for sheriff in the political history of the county. His term expires Jan. 1, 1906. Mr. Riedel is a member of the Junior Order United American Mechanics, the Knights MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 61 of the Ancient Essenic Order, and the St. Paul Lutheran church. He was married in April, 1875, and has two sons, John C., a draughtsman and designer, now in San Francisco, Cal., and Daniel, Jr., an electrical engineer in charge of the construction department of the Cincinnati and Columbus Traction Company. JAMES TAYLOR THORNTON, city attorney of Newport, Ky., was born in that city, Jan. 3, 1879, and is the eldest son of Reuben Taylor and Maggie L. (Sinclair) Thornton. The family came originally from England. In 1849 Thomas Griffin Thornton, a native of Caroline county, Va., crossed the mountains with his family and half a dozen slaves and settled in Campbell county, Ky., where he was engaged in the ice business the remainder of his life. His wife was Sarah J. Thornton, a first cousin, her father being Henry Thornton and her mother, a sister of Gen. James Taylor. She is still living in Newport, at the advanced age of eighty-nine years. Their children were Louis B., Mary Moss, Tames B., Edmund Taylor, Reuben Taylor, John H., Horatio Harris, Thomas Griffin, and Bettie. Those living are John H., who is in the ice business in Newport; Horatio H., a railroad man, also lives in Newport; and Bettie, wife of Col. J. Taylor Williams, of Highlands, near that city. Thomas Griffin died in Washington, D. C., in 1898, where he was chief clerk of the geological survey. Reuben Taylor, the fifth of the family, was born in Caroline county, Va., in 1847. He receiyed his education in the Newport public schools and in a private institution conducted by Rev. Father Guilfoil. After arriving at manhood's estate he continued in the ice business for some years, at the same time serving as agent of the Gen. James Taylor estate. In June, 1885. he was appointed gauger for the United States government and continued to act in that capacity until his death, Feb. 26, 1890. In 1870 he was married to Maggie L. Sinclair, a daughter of John L. Sinclair, of Prince William county, Va., and a cousin. The following are the children born to this marriage: Lucy Taylor, Mrs. C. H. Murdock, of Cincinnati ; Mary Moss, wife of Albert Collins, also of Cincinnati ; James Taylor, the subject of this sketch ; John Sinclair, bookkeeper for the Big Four railroad company; Sarah Virginia, at home, and Walter Crail, employed in a 62 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY broker's office at Cincinnati. James T. Thornton graduated from the Newport high school with the class of 1897; read law with Aubrey Barbour, his cousin, of Newport ; entered the law department of the McDonald Institute of Cincinnati in September, 1898; graduated in June, 1901, haying been elected orator of his class; and was admitted to the bar in Campbell county in September, 1900, before his graduation. Upon leaving school he entered upon the practice of his chosen profession in Newport and is regarded as one of the rising young barristers of that city. In August, 1903, he was nominated by the Democracy for the office of city attorney and in November following was elected by a majority of 110 votes, though the city usually goes about 500. Republican. Mr. Thornton is the youngest man ever elected to the position, but his youth and ambition are rather in his favor, and is a guarantee that the city's interests will be zealously guarded during his term of office. During his first year in office he has been sustained by the court of appeals in his advice to the general council, and he has neyer been beaten in a jury case of any kind. In June, 1902, he formed a partnership with A. T. Root, which was dissolved when he entered upon the duties of his office, on his twenty-fifth birthday, Jan. 3, 1904. WILLIAM HARTMAN, postmaster at Alexandria, Ky., was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1842. When he was about three years of age he came with his parents, Henry and Diena Hartman, in 1845, to America, Henry Hartman was a wagonmaker by trade, having learned that occupation in his native land, but after coming to America he purchased a farmabout three miles east of Alexandria, Campbell county, Ky., and followed farming until his death in z858. His wife survived him until 1884, when she, too, passed away. They had three children. One died in infancy, the other two being William, the subject of. this sketch, and Elizabeth, wife of Christopher Pfender, of Campbell county. William Hartman grew to manhood in Campbell county, received his education in the public schools there, and at the age of fifteen started to learn the carpenters' trade. He continued to work at this until he was about twenty years old, when he went to Cincinnati, where he entered an undertaking estabment and served an apprenticeship. In 1863 he located at Alexandria, MEMIOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 63 where he has since followed the business of an undertaker. Mr. Hartman has served as one of the town trustees for a number of years and was also bridge commissioner of Campbell county for several years. He has in addition to the above held the position of secretary and manager of the Alexandria cemetery company from 1875 to the present time. In April, 1904, he received the appointment of postmaster at Alexandria and now holds that position. In both public position and private life Mr. Hartman is distinguished by his careful, conscientious methods of doing business—methods that have won the confidence of all who know him. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and has served master of the exchequer of Jewel Lodge, No. 44, at Alexandria, ever since the lodge was organized in 1895. About the time he embarked in business at Alexandria he was married to Miss Mary Jane Parker, daughter of Thomas Parker, an old and honored resident of Campbell county. To this marriage there were born the following children: Charles, who died at the age of eight years; Rose, now the wife of Edward M. Reiley, at Alexandria; and Ella, who lives at home with her father, since the death of her mother, which occurred in 1901. JOSEPH F. WRIGHT, a fruit grower residing at Alexandria, Campbell county, Ky., is a descendant of one of the old pioneer families of the state. The Wrights are of English extraction, the family traditions being that they originally came from Lancashire. About the close of the eighteenth century three brothers, Joseph, John and Robert Wright, came to Kentucky, and located in Bracken county, then part of Mason county. John afterward removed to Owen county, where he became one of the leading citizens, and later went to, Missouri, located near Independence, and some of his descendants are still to be found in that locality. Robert left Bracken county after a few years and went to Louisville, where he passed his last days and where some of his descendants are still living. In 1818 Joseph Wright left Bracken county, came to Campbell and bought four hundred acres of land in the Brush Creek neighborhood near Alexandria. There he lived and followed farming until his death in 1848. Fie was twice married, both times in Bracken county. His first wife was Mary King and to this union there were born three children: John, Robert and Mary, all now deceased. The second wife was Miss Esther Potts (originally spelled Putts), a native of Pennsylvania. To this marriage there were born twelve children, all of whom are now deceased. Joseph went to Missouri, and although a man of over sixty years of age, was drafted into the Confederate army under Price, and died of disease in the hospital at Cape 64 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY Girardeau; Elizabeth married Jacob Manning; Patience married Pollard Gosney; William lived and died in Campbell county; Thompson also passed his whole life in the county; Evaline married Greenberry Gosney; Andrew Jackson lived in Campbell county; Emily married Jonathan White; David went to Missouri and died near Independence, that state; Jane married William Harris, a resident of Campbell county; Elston died in his youth, and Samuel was the father of the subject of this sketch. Samuel was born in Bracken county in 1807 and came with his parents to Campbell county when he was about eleven years of age. As a boy he attended such schools as that early day offered and upon reaching manhood adopted the life of a farmer, which was his occupation through life. He took an interest in the development of the country and held several local offices. He was united in marriage to Elizabeth Baker, daughter of Nicholas Baker, one of the pioneers, and to this marriage there were born the following children: William J., now living in Newport; Joseph F., the subject; Sarah, deceased; Nicholas E., a farmer of Campbell county; Susan H., now living in Alexandria; Emma, now in Newport; John W., sexton of Grace Church, Newport; Thomas j., in Missouri; Samuel F., residing in Campbell county; and James F., a grocer at Perry, Ia. The father of these children died in March, 1885, and the mother in 1890. Joseph F. Wright, the second son of the family, was born on the old homestead in Campbell county, Sept. 17, 1836. His early life was not much different from that of all farmer boys. He received an academic education and engaged in fanning until 1863, when he came to Alexandria and for the succeeding fourteen years was in the business of merchandizing. He then returned to farming and has since that time devoted much of his time and attention to fruit growing, in which he has been quite successful. Mr. Wright studies his business and goes at anything intelligently. It is to this patient, systematic way of doing things that he owes his success in the fruit growing industry. While other men conduct their business by "guess-work" he has reduced the business to a science and operates with a certainty. Mr. W 'right was married in 1862 to Miss Mary A., daughter of Solomon Todd, a native of England. She died in 1879, without issue, and in 1881 Mr. Wright was married to Miss Emma J. Ripley, of Indianapolis. To this union there have been born the following children: Ethel B., born May 25, 1884, now a student at Oxford college in Ohio; Elsie R., born Jan. 9, 1887, and a student at the same college; Grace R., born Aug. 25, 1889, and J. Donald, born July 13, 1892. MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 65 JAMES H. GOSNEY, senior member of the firm of J. & R. Gosney, dealers in general merchandise, Alexandria, Ky., is a native of that county and is a descendant of one of the very oldest of the pioneer families. About 1750 two brothers, Richard and Henry Gosney, came from England to America. The vessel upon which they took passage landed near the mouth of the James river, where the brothers disembarked and proceeded inland until they reached Culpeper county, where they settled upon land belonging to the old Lord Fairfax grant. There they reared large families, a son of Richard dying in the Colonial army a short time before the surrender of Lord Cornwallis. Henry Gosney was twice marred. By his first wife he had the following children Richard, Frederick, John, William, Benjamin, Polly and Betsy. The children of his second marriage were Nimrod, Peter, James, Harry, Fanny and Polly. Two sons of the first marriage, Henry and John, removed to Ohio and Marshall counties in Western Virginia, and Frederick, William and Benjamin, with the four sons of the second marriage, came to Kentucky about 178o and settled in Campbell county. Peter afterward went to Missouri, where some of his descendants still reside. Benjamin Gosney operated the salt mills at Grant's Lick, Campbell county, for many years after coming from Virginia. He was twice married. By the first wife his children were John and Millie and by the second Armstead, Oliver, Pollard, Benjamin, Zacharias, and Peggy, all now deceased. Zacharias Gosney, the youngest son, was a native of Campbell county, where he followed farming all his life. He was married twice, first to Mildred Lovelace, a native of Pendleton county, Ky., and second to a Miss Gosney, a distant relative. The children of his first wife were Harkie, Francis M., Henry C., and William, and of his second wife Benjamin, John, Eliza, Margaret, and Jane. None of these children are living except Henry C., who resides at Indianapolis, Ind., and Benjamin and John, who live in Pendleton county. Francis Marion, the oldest son of Zacharias Gosney, was born in Campbell county, Feb. 22, 1833. After a common school education he started in to learn the l; acksmiths' trade, btit after a short time he engaged in the business of teaming with headquarters at Newport. Later he became the proprietor of the omnibus lines running from Newport to Alexandria and Grant's Lick. For more than thirty years he continued to operate these lines and since his death, on Jan. 8, 1904, his heirs have incorporated the business as the F. M. Gosney transfer company. He was married on Aug. 20, 1857, to Miss Sarah M. Yelton, daughter of Daniel Yelton, an old resident of Campbell county. She died on Jan. 1, 1901. They were the parents of the following children: the first born, a daughter, died I-5 66 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY in infancy; Thomas W., born Oct. 21, 1859, now lives in Campbell county; Carrie B., born Dec. 12, 1860, now the wife of Julius Plummet, of Newport; Louis N., born May 7, 1862, married Miss Libbie, daughter of Robert Grizzel, and is a rectifier and compounder of spirits at Newport; Sarah J., born Sept. 29, 1864, now the wife of M. L. Christian, of Cloverport, KY.; James H., the subject of this sketch; Edward H., born May 5, 1868, married Miss Anna Walker and is manager of the "Old '76" Distilling Company, of Campbell county; Daniel B., born Feb. 27, 1870, married Miss Lucy Taylor, and is a driver of one of the omnibuses between Newport and Alexandria; Lambert M., born Oct. 20, 1872, married Miss Lulu Anderson, and is an agent for the New York life insurance company; Della I., born June 5, 1877, now the wife of Charles T. Lawson, agent for the Metropolitan life insurance company at Newport. Julius Plummer was the sheriff of Campbell county who officiated at the execution of Jackson and Walling, the murderers of Miss Pearl Bryan. ,James H. Gosney was born July 7, 1866; received a common school education, drove the Grant's Lick 'bus for about twelve years ; then engaged in the business of merchandizing at Claryville until July, 1900; sold out and again became connected with the 'bus line; came to Alexandria in October, 1901, and opened a general store as the senior member of the firm of J. H. & R. Gosney, and has been in this business since. He is a member of the Alexandria Lodge of Masons, and Jewel Lodge, No. 44, Knights of Pythias, in which he holds the office of chancellor commander. He is also a member of the Baptist church. On Oct. 8, 1890, he was married to Miss Emma K., daughter of John H. Byrd, an old resident of Campbell county. She died on Dec. 16, 1899, leaving two children: Clifford B., born Feb. 1, 1893, and Anna, born Aug. 4, 1896. Mr. Gosney was married on March 13, 1904, to Miss Merta Jenner, daughter of James Termer, an old and honored resident of the county. MARTIN CLAUSE, market master, weigher, and official scaler of weights and measures of Newport, Ky., was born in Allegheny county, Pa., in 1844. His father, John Henry Clause, was a native of Germany, born in Hanover about the year 1810. He received a common school education in his native land, learned the trade of baker, and served five years in the German army. While still living in Germany he married and in 1842 came to America, locating in Allegheny county, where his wife died, leaving the following children: Marv, deceased; Godfrey, deceased; John, now a city employe in Cincinnati; Andrew, deceased; Henry, an engineer at McDonald, W. Va.; and William, de- MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 60 ceased. He married Sarah Sauer, of Allegheny county, some time after the death of his first wife, and to this marriage there were born fiye children: David and Aaron are both dead; Sarah is the wife of William Latham, of Pawnee, Ill. ; Lena is dead, and Martin, who is the oldest of the family, is the subject of this sketch. The family came from Pennsylvania to Dearborn county, Ind., about 1845, where the father followed farming until his death in 1869. The mother died in Newport in 1884. Martin Clause received a limited education in the district schools of Dearborn county. In 1861 he enlisted in Company D, Fifth Ohio cayalry, but after about four months' service his father secured his discharge on account of youth. Martin then worked on the farm until the fall of 1864, when he joined a bridge building crew, working for the government, and passed the winter in the South. In 1866 he went to Cincinnati and secured employment in a wood working establishment, remaining in that line of work for twenty-nine years. In 1874 he took tip his residence in Newport and has lived in that city ever since. In 1895 he gave up the wood working business, having some time prior to that date become interested in the grocery business, and since then has continued in that line until his election to his present position in 1896. He was elected to this office by the city council and has been annually re-elected ever since first taking the place. Mr. Clause is a member of the Mystic Circle and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In 1867 he was married to Miss Mary Miller, of Dearborn county who died in 183. leaving one son, Arthur Edward, now a grocer in Newport. In 1875 Mr. Clause married Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Biltz, of Newport, and to this marriage there were born four children, William, Florence, Alma and Walter. William is a printer in the Methodist Book Concern of Cincinnati Florence and Alma are at home, and Walter is a drug clerk in Cincinnati. In his present position Mr. Clause has fearlessly, impartially and conscientiously discharged his duties and his annual re-election to the office has been in response to a popular demand for one who is both fair and prompt in the enforcement of law. THOMAS A. ALFORD, a well known farmer, living near Alexandria. Campbell county, Ky., was born in Hancock county, Ind., in the year 1844. His father, John William Alford, was a native of Lancashire, England, where he grew to manhood, received a good education, and learned the trade of iron molder. He was also a fine vocalist and sang in the churches in his early life. Soon after attaining his majority he came to America, locating in Ohio. After a few years he returned to 68 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY England and married Miss Sarah Cooper, and after returning to this country they lived for a time in Hancock county, Ind. Their children were Elizabeth, John Ellis, James H., Richard B., Rebecca, William, Thomas A., Ellen A., Susie, Missouri B., Charles T., Robert, and George. Those living are Elizabeth, wife of William Dayis, of Campbell county; James H., of Alexandria; Richard B., Thomas A., Charles T., Robert and George, all living in Campbell county; and Ellen A., wife of John \Filson, of San Francisco, Cal. When Thomas A. Alford was about three years of age his parents came to Campbell county and there he grew to manhood, received a common school education and learned the trade of cooper. Later he abandoned this occupation for the life of a farmer and he is today one of the most prosperous in the county, and one of the leading citizens. He takes a deep interest in everything having a tendency to better the conditions in his county, is well informed, and while not a politician is ready to do his part to secure good govern- 1 ment and good institutions. He was married on Dec. 5, 1867, to Miss Mary lane, daughter of Joseph Shaw, an old and respected resident of Campbell county, and they have the following children: Matilda Ann, wife of Coleman Moore, living near Alexandria; Edward Osborn, a farmer in Benton county, Id.; Joseph, also a farmer there; Thomas W., at home; David, a farmer in Campbell county; Lucy Emily, wife of Edward Droege, of Cincinnati; John William, who lives in Bent, ern county, Ind. ; Grover Byron, and Charles Robert, at home. Mr. and Mrs. Alford are both consistent members of the Baptist church. RICHARD T. PARKER, a well-known farmer, living near Oneonta, Campbell county, Ky., was born in that county. Nov. 16, 1862. He is a son of the late Thomas Parker, a native of the same county, and who spent his entire life there, with the exception of a short time he lived in Illinois. Thomas Parker was a farmer and in his day was one of the best known men in the eastern portion of Campbell county. He was married three times. His first wife was Miss Sallie Parker, of Ohio, and by this union he had the following children : John, who died in childhood ; Sarah Jane, who married William Hartman and died as his wife; Susan, who lives in Alexandria; George and Joseph, both in Cincinnati; Louise, deceased; MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 69 James, a resident of Dayton, Ky.; and Richard T., the subject of this sketch. The mother of these children died in 1875. The second wife was a Mrs. Eckel, who died without issue, and the third wife was Mrs. Hannah Clark, nee Gaskins, of Campbell county. No children were born to this marriage. Thomas Parker died on Sept. 1, 1901, his wife having preceded him to the tomb. Richard T. Parker has always lived in Campbell county. He received a common school education and has followed farming for a livelihood all his actiye business life. In this vocation he has been measurably successful, owing to his industrious habits and his painstaking way of conducting his farming operations. In 1880 Mr. Parker was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of David Truesdell, who was the fourth son of Solomon and Mary Truesdell. His parents left Pennsylvania in 1791, to seek their fortunes in Kentucky, which was at that time an unbroken wilderness. On December 22 of that year they landed where the little town of Columbia now stands, in Hamilton county, O., but were driven across to the Kentucky side by the Indians, who, elated by the defeat of General St. Clair, had become very troublesome to the early settlers or those about to settle in, the Ohio Valley. Not far from where the Newport waterworks now stands Solomon Truesdell and another pioneer built a cabin, and it was in this cabin that David Truesdell was born on Oct. 23, 1792. It is said that he was the first white male child born in what is now Campbell county. On Nov. 12, 1820, David Truesdell and Nancy, daughter of Thomas and Sarah Griffey, were united in marriage. She was born Oct. 23, 1800, and died Oct. 23, 1879. To this marriage there were born three sons and three daughters. David Truesdell was stricken with total blindness in 1862, and about five years before his death he became unable to walk. He died on Aug. 18, 1877. He and his wife were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church. A short time before his death he was asked if he thought he would recognize his four children who had passed away. To this he replied: "No, for when I get to that land of glory, in the fulness of joy, all will be alike to me." His death was calm and peaceful. Mr. and Mrs. Parker are both members of the Methodist Episcopal church and interested in promoting its good works. They have no children. CHRISTOPHER PFENDER, a farmer living near Alexandria, Ky., was born on March 15, 1846, and is a son of Christopher Frederick and Anna M. (Walter) Pfender. both natives of Wittenhurg, Germany, where the father was educated in, the local schools and learned the 70 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY tailor's trade, at which he worked for some time before coming to this country. Upon coming to the United States he landed at New Orleans, was there married, and after a short period in that city came to Alexandria, where he followed the occupation of tailor until his death, with the exception of the time he served in the Federal army during the Civil war. In 1862 he enlisted as a private in Company D, Twenty-third Kentucky infantry, and seryed until the close of the war, taking part in all the operations in which his command was engaged. His widow is still living in Alexandria. They had eight children, viz.: Christopher, the subject of this sketch; Frederick, a farmer in Kansas; Caroline, wife of Haryey Hasey, of Columbus, O. ; Kate, widow of August Beeilerin, of Covington, Ky. ; Henrietta, residing at Alexandria; Henry, living at Newport; Mary, wife of Martin Seimer, of Covington; and George, deceased. Chris Pfender, as he is familiarly called, grew to manhood in Campbell county, received a common school education, and learned the tailor's trade with his father, but never followed it. In July, 1863, he enlisted in the Union army as a private in Company H, Thirty-seventh Kentucky mounted infantry, and served until the early spring of 1865, when he was discharged, his term of enlistment having expired. He immediately re-enlisted, however, as a member of Company F, One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Ohio volunteer infantry, and served in that organization until the final surrender. Among the engagements in which this regiment took part was the raid on the salt works near Richmond. After the war Mr. Pfender returned to Campbell county and took up the life of a farmer. He now owns one of the best farms in the county, well improved and in a good state of cultivation. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and is commander of William T. Sherman Post, No. 102, at Alexandria. Mr. Pfender was married in 1870 to Miss Elizabeth Hartman, a daughter of Henry Hartman, and sister of William Hartman, the postmaster at Alexandria (see sketch'). Mr. and Mrs. Pfender have had born to then the following children Dena, deceased; William, Joseph, and Charles, all living in Campbell county; George, a grocer in Newport; Mary, Albert, August and Chris., Jr., at home. Both parents are members of the Lutheran church. Chris. Pfender is a fine type of the German-American citizen. Industrious, frugal but not stingy, he has accumulated what he has by his own efforts, relying at all times on his own resources. While he loves the traditions of the "Faderland" he is none the less a loyal American, as may be seen in his record as a soldier, when he fought to preserve the institutions and the destinies of his adopted country. MEMOIRS OF THE LONER OHIO VALLEY - 71 GEORGE HENRY MILLER, a farmer, near Trace, Campbell county, Ky., was born at Shoenan, Germany, Oct. 8, 1829. His father, Christian Miller, was anative of Alsace, now a German province, where he was born in 1787. His opportunities to secure an education were very limited, but he made the best of such as presented themselves and managed to pick up a fair rudimentary knowledge of the common branches. In early life he learned the trade of blacksmith and locksmith, at which his family had worked for several generations. In 1837, being at the time fifty years old, he came with his family to America and located in Brown county, O., where he purchased a farm and followed farming until his death in June, 1845. He was married in 1811 to Miss Barbara Beyder, a native of Germany, who survived her husband for several years, finally entering her rest in October, 1863. Their children were Christian, who died at the age of four years; .Frederick, died at the age of thirty-two; Margaret, now the widow of Wendell Gwiner, of Campbell county; Barbara, Laura, and Elizabeth, all deceased; George H., the subject of this sketch, and Charles Lewis, now a farmer in Franklin township, Brown county, O. George H. Miller came with his parents to America when he was about eight years of age. He grew to manhood in Brown county, where he received a limited education, which he has improved by general reading and self-culture. Upon reaching his majority he went to Cincinnati, but after about two years there he came to Campbell county and purchased the farm adjoining the one upon which he now lives. That was in 1852 and since then Mr. Miller has been closely identified with the development of many. of Campbell county's institutions. Although not a politician he was once nominated for representative to the legislature, but was defeated, his party being in the minority. He owns a large tract of land and is one of the fore-handed farmers of the county. In February, 1856, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Julia Schwartz, a native of Germany, and to this union there have been born eleven children. Elizabeth, Barbara, Christian, Frederika and Julia K. all died in early childhood. Those living are John, a carriage maker in Dayton, Ky.; Henry, at home with his parents; Charles, also at home; Eliza, wife of Frank Wiley, of Campbell county; Frederick, a resident of the sane county ; and Emma K.. now Mrs. Melvin H. Boots. All the 72 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY children have grown up to be useful members of society, the training of their parents being such as to inculcate moral and industrious habits. Mr. Miller and his wife enjoy the full confidence and friendship of their neighbors and acquaintances and few men have a higher standing in the business or social life of Campbell county than Mr. Miller. FRANK SPILLMAN THATCHER, farmer and fruit grower, near Alexandria, Ky., was born on the farm where he now resides, April 28, 1856, and has passed his whole life in Campbell county. His father, John Thatcher, was born in the same county, March 14, 1809. Upon reaching man's estate he was married to Miss Margaret Spillman, daughter of one of the old residents. They had six chil- dren, viz.: Daniel, Mary, Henry, Rose, Maria and Frank. Daniel is deceased; Mary died in girlhood; Henry died in early manhood; Rose is the wife of George T. Youtsey, of Newport; Maria is now Mrs. Edward Harmer, of Cold Springs, Campbell county; and Frank S. is the subject of this sketch and the youngest child of the family. Frank S. Thatcher was educated in the schools of his native county and has been engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life. For the past twenty-five years the production of small fruits has commanded a great deal of his time and attention and in this line he has been quite successful. In more recent years he has given considerable attention to raising and dealing in fine saddle horses, an occupation which he has found both congenial and profitable. Politically Mr. Thatcher is a Democrat of the kind that it is always safe to place in the advance guard. He is a member of Jewel Lodge, No. 44, Knights of Pythias, at Alexandria, and is always a welcome attendant at the meetings of the lodge. He was married, in 1882, to Miss Mary E. Grant, of Kenton county, Ky., and five children have come to bless the union, viz.: Mary, Edith, Fannie, Ruth and Jack. All are liying except Mary, who died at the age of thirteen years. MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 73 CLAYTON WHITTEMORE SHAW, M.D., of Alexandria. Ky"., one of the leading physicians of Campbell county, was born near California, in that county. Aug. 10, 1871, and is the eldest son of James Fremont and Lura (Reed) Shaw. His father is a prominent citizen of the county and has served with distinction in the legislature. (See sketch of James F. Shaw.) Dr. Shaw grew to manhood on his father's farm and received his primary education in the common schools at California. In 1891 he entered the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, and graduated with the class of 1894. For about a year after his graduation he practiced at Dayton, Ky., and in January, 1896, he located at Alexandria, where he has a lucrative practice and stands high in his profession, both with his brother practitioners and the general public. Believing in association as a means of progress and advancement Dr. Shaw is a member of the State Medical association of Kentucky and the Medical Society of Campbell county. He keeps in close touch with the new discoveries in the field of medical science and is regarded as one of the progressive physicians of his section of the state. In fraternal circles Dr. Shaw is a member of Jewel Lodge, No. 44, Knights of Pythias, at Alexandria, and of Alexandria Lodge, No. 121, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. On Nov. 12, 1901, Dr. Shaw was united in marriage to Miss Fay Fern, daughter of the late Hon. Theodore McDonald Hill, a prominent citizen of Campbell county, whose widow now lives with her daughter, Mrs. Dr. Shaw. Dr. Shaw and his wife have one son, named Hill McDonald Shaw. The doctor is a member of the Baptist church and outside of his profession is one of the leading citizens of the community in which he lives. WILLIAM HILL, the first of this family to come to America, was born in County Antrim, Ireland, about 1730. A few years before the American Revolution he came to this country, settled in Western Pennsylvania, and served in the Continental army during the Revolutionary war. In the spring of 1794 he came with his family on a flatboat down the Ohio river, landing at Fort Washington, now Cincinnati, on May 25. Here he was for many years proprietor of the old-time tavern known as the "Black Bear" on what is now Sycamore street, near Ninth. For a time he lived in the "Black Bottoms" of the Miami Valley, but 74 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY returned to Cincinnati and died there Dec. 9, 1828. His wife was Jane McDonald, of the Isle of Skye, and a cousin. Both husband and wife were cousins to the famous Scotch beauty, Flora Macdonald, an account of whom may be found in "Chambers' Miscellany." Jane Hill died on May 2, 1834, near Cincinnati, the mother of a large family. One of the sons was William Hill, Jr., who was born at Cincinnati, May 25, 1794, the night after the family landed there. When the war of 1812 began he ran away from home and enlisted tinder General Scott, fighting at River Raisin, Fort Meigs, the Thames, Chippewa and Lundy's Lane. He also served under Scott in the Mexican war. His chief occupation through life was that of stonemason. He died near Alexandria, Ky., Sept. 16, 1872. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Joel and Mary (Albright) Nation, the former of English and the latter of German descent, but both natives of North Carolina. William and Elizabeth Hill settled in Campbell county, near the little village of California on the Ohio river, twenty-three miles above Cincinnati, in the early forties. There their only son, Theodore McDonald, was born on July 4, 1842. When he was about a year old his mother died and he was reared to manhood by foster parents, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Thompson. In his boyhood Theodore attended the common schools of his native county, went to Indianapolis, Ind., with the Thompson family, and there finished his education at Butler university, but did not graduate. When the Civil war broke out he returned to Kentucky and enlisted in Company D, Fourth Kentucky Confederate cavalry, and served with that command until the end of the war. For about a year he was a prisoner of war at Rock Island. After the war he decided to study law and entered the office of R. T. Baker, a prominent attorney of Alexandria, and one of the leaders of the Republican party in Kentucky, and on Feb. 22, 1871, was admitted to the bar. In 1872 he was elected police judge of Alexandria, and to the legislature in 1877 and again in 1879. From 1871 until 1888 he practiced his profession at Alexandria, where he acquired a high reputation as a jurist. In 1888 he was appointed by the board of county magistrates to fill the vacancy in the county judgeship, caused by the death of Judge McKibben, and he removed to Newport. Two years later he was elected by the people to succeed himself, and was re-elected in 1894. In 1893 he was nominated by the Democracy of Campbell county for state senator, but was defeated by the Republican wave of that year, along with the rest of the ticket. In 1899 he was again nominated for state senator and this time was triumphantly elected, but before entering upon the duties of the office his death occurred, May 4, 1900. Mr. Hill was married to Miss MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 75 Isaphine White, daughter of Henry E. White, an old resident of the county, and their children were Rhea Rhodes, died at the age of eight years; Malcolm Macdonald, died in infancy; Fay Fern, now Mrs. Dr. Shaw of Alexandria: and Pearl Pauline and Roy Raymond, both of whom died in infancy. MICHAEL KINSTLER, a well-known farmer living near Alexandria, Ky., was born in Hamilton county, O., Aug. 14, 1857, his parents being Adam and Elizabeth (Orr) Kinstler, both natives of Germany. Adam Kinstler was born in the duchy of Berne, near Oldenburg, Nov. 11, 1827. He received a good education in his native land and followed various occupations there until 1855, when he came to America and located at Cincinnati. There he learned the coopers' trade, at which he worked until 1859, when he purchased a farm of thirty-two acres near Alexandria and removed to it. Although he worked some at his trade after this his principal occupation was farming. Shortly after his arrival in this country he was married at Cincinnati to .hiss Elizabeth Orr, a native of Hesse Darmstadt, and a daughter of Conrad Orr, who died comparatively young in his native land. Elizabeth Kinstler died on May 21, 1894, and Adam Kinstler on Jan. 25, 1895. They had two sons: Michael, the subject of this sketch, and John, a machinist in Newport, Ky. Michael Kinstler was less than two years old when his parents located in Campbell county. Since that time he has always lived in the county. His schooling was limited to eighteen months in the common schools, but by close application he has obtained a fair education at home. From his father he learned the trade of cooper, at which he has worked some, but the greater part of his attention has been given to his farming interests. He is one of the directors of the Bank of Alexandria, and is a man of affairs in his neighborhood. He believes in good government, good roads, etc., and is always willing to do his share to secure them. On Nov. 11, 1880, Mr. Kinstler was married to Miss Katherine Schuster, daughter of Louis Schuster, an old resident of Campbell county, and to this marriage there have been born eleven children. Anna died at the age of one year, and the others, Catherine, Mary, Frank, John, Adam, Elizabeth, Emma. George. Hubert and Genevieve, are all living at home 76 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY with their parents. Mr. Kinstler is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and he and his family belong to the Catholic church at Alexandria. JOSEPH FREDERICK LEOPOLD, a farmer near Ten Mile, Campbell county, Ky,, and the oldest living son of Frederick and Louise (Kessler) Leopold, was born near Alexandria, in the county where he now lives, Nov. 23, 1856. His grandfather, Charles Leopold, was the first of the famtly to come to America. He was a native of Germany, and there grew to manhood and married. While a young man he served his time in the German army and about 1835 cane to this country, located on the upper branch of Tuck Fork in Campbell county, and there followed farming until his death in 1879. At the time the family came to America Frederick Leopold, the father of Joseph, was about ten years of age. He grew to manhood and received a common school education in Campbell county. Upon reaching his majority he became a farmer and followed that occupation until the fall of 1902, when he removed to Cullman, Ala., where he now resides. During the Civil war he was a member of the home guards. In 1855 he was married to Miss Louise Kessler, of Cincinnati, and to this marriage there have been born nineteen children, six of whom died young. Charles, Henry, George and Louis died later in life and those liying are : Frederick, the subject of this sketch; John C., who enlisted in the Eleventh United States infantry in the Spanish-American war and is now supposed to be in Porto Rico ; Frank, William, and Valentine, now in Newport; Edward, who lives in Georgia; Ernest resides in Campbell county; Hannah, now the wife of William Kulel, of Campbell county, and Lizzie, now Mrs. William Perry, of Fort Thomas. Joseph F. Leopold received a moderate education in the common schools of his native county and upon arriving at manhood took tip the calling of a farmer, which has been his occupation through life and in which he has been successful. On April 20, 1880, he was united in marriage to Miss Francisco Mary Knack, a daughter of John Knack, a native of Germany, but an old resident of Campbell county. To this marriage there have been born the following children, together with the dates of their birth : Charles, March 25, 1881 ; John, March 21, 1883; Anna, March 7, 1885 ; Louisa, Aug. 7, 1887; Lena, May 12, 1890; Katrina, June 30, 1892; and Lizzie, Dec. 18, 1898. Charles is employed in Newport and the others are all at home. The family are members of the Lutheran church. MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 77 EDWARD C. FOX, recorder of Dearborn county, Ind., was born at Greendale in that county, Jan. Jo, 1872. He is descended from one of the oldest and most worthy German families of the county. His grandfather, Nicholas Fox, came from Germany in 1817 and settled in Lawrenceburg, where he conducted a meat market until 1884. He died in Dearborn county in 1891. His son, also named Nicholas, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Lawrenceburg, in April, 1843, and for the last forty-three years has been in the meat business in his native city Edward C. Fox, after attending the public schools of Greendale and Lawrenceburg, graduated in 1893 from Nelson's business college in Cincinnati. For awhile after leaving school he was engaged as bookkeeper for a coal company at Lawrenceburg. He was then appointed truant officer for Dearborn county, serving in that capacity until elected recorder in 1902. At the age of twenty-one he was elected to the council in the town of Greendale, to which office he was re-elected for four terms; serving in all seven years, after which he was elected marshal for one term. Mr. Fox is a Democrat and is always ready to do battle for his political convictions. His terns as recorder expires in 1908. He was reared and educated in the faith of the German Lutheran church and is now a member of that denomination. In 1899 he was married to Miss Susie E., daughter of the late John Mahoney, and they have two sons and one daughter, viz.: Leslie M., Lorena C., and Nicholas H. JOHN LEAP, a farmer on the Licking river, near Alexandria, Ky., was born in Bavaria, one of the States of the German Empire, Feb. 15. 1841. When he was about six months old his parents, Casper and Barbara (Smith) Leap, (German Leoop), came to America, and soon after their arrival in this country they located at Cincinnati, where both the parents died. They had five children. The eldest son, whose name was also John. died in Cincinnati; Susan is the wife of Adam Guyman of Campbell county, Ky. ; John is the subject of this sketch ; and Frank and Carrie are cloth deceased. John Leap lived in Cincinnati until he reached his majority and was educated in the public schools of that city. In 1862 he enlisted in Company E, Eighth Kentucky Federal cavalry, for a term of one year, and during    that time was in all the 78 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY operations of his regiment, among which was the pursuit and capture of Gen. John Morgan, the famous raider. After the war Mr. Leap became a farmer in Campbell county and since 1881 has occupied his present farm, which is one of the best in the county. He is a member of the Grand Army post at Alexandria and is one of the most respected citizens of his neighborhood. In 1871 he was married to Miss Anna Seibert, a native of Germany. She died in 1895, the mother of the following children: John, Jr., is a resident of Campbell county; Anna is dead; Joseph works in a paper mill at Middletown, 0.; Josephine is the wife of William Weinel, of Cumberland, O. ; Augustus is at home Peter, Leo, Mary, Frank and William are all deceased, and Katy is at home with her father. JAMES F. SHAW, a farmer living about one mile east of California, Ky., was born near New Richmond, Clermont county, Ohio, Jan. 5, 1847. He is a son of John and Ida (Webb) Shaw, both natives of Ohio, the former having been born in Clermont county, April 1, 1810, and the latter in Hamilton county, Sept. 17, 1812. Five children were born to this union, yiz.: -Nancy, now Mrs. Frank Bettle, of Ohio; Clayton, enlisted at the beginning of the Civil war in the Fifth Ohio cavalry and died at Pittsburg Landing soon after the battle; James F., the subject of this sketch; John C., a farmer in Clermont county; Viola, now Mrs. E. M. Reed, of Detroit, Mich. Mr. Shaw's ancestry has figured prominently in the affairs of the Ohio valley for several generations. His maternal great-grandfather, John Morin, fought in the American army during the Revolution. After the independence of the United States was established his family in Virginia wanted him to become a slave-holder. This he refused to do and came to Kentucky. He never went back to Virginia and some of the old estate there is still unclaimed by his heirs. The paternal grandfather of Mr. Shaw came to Mason county, Ky., about the year 1790, and later settled in . Campbell county. He served in the militia during the Revolution. Both of Mr. Shaw's grandfathers served several terms in the Ohio legislature—being members at the same time-and a brother of his father fought with Sam Houston for Texan independence. One of Mr. Shaw's uncles was wounded in a skirmish with the Indians while with a surveying party in Texas, and afterward fought in the Mexican war. James F. Shaw was educated at Parker's academy, in Clermont county, and at Antioch college, at Yellow Springs, Ohio. For several years after leaving school he was engaged in teaching, after which he turned his attention to farming. For the past thirty-three years he has resided upon the farm where he MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 79 now lives. This is a beautiful farm of 170 acres, overlooking the Ohio river. In politics Mr. Shaw is an unswerving Democrat and takes a keen interest in all public questions. In 1883-84 he represented Campbell county in the legislature. While a member of that body he was a member of the committee on education, and championed the bill revising the school laws of the state. This bill became a law and remained in force until the adoption of the new constitution in 1889, when its leading features were incorporated in the organic law. On Sept. 29, 1870, Mr. Shaw was married to Miss Lura, daughter of Whittemore and Almira Reed, who came from New Hampshire and settled in Meigs county, Ohio, and later in Clermont county. One of Mrs. Shaw's uncles graduated from West Point at the head of his class, received a commission as first lieutenant, and served in the regular army until his death, which occurred in 18J9. To Mr. and 'rs. Shaw have been born the following children: Clayton WV., a physician at Alexandria, KY.; Frederick, living at Fort Thomas, Ky.; Elwood R., graduate of the Ohio normal school in the class of 1902, now at home; George A., merchant in Chicago; and Ida, Carl and Alice, at home. Mr. Shaw is a member of Mayo Lodge, No. 198, Free and Accepted Masons, at California. His wife is a Presbyterian, the eldest son is a Baptist, and all the other children are members of the Christian church. JACOB ANDERSON, a farmer near Carthage, Campbell county, Ky., was born on the farm where he now lives, June 5, 1827. His parents were John and Elizabeth (Carmack) Anderson, the former coming to Kentucky from Virginia with his parents when he was but nine years of age. The Carmacks originally came from Scotland. Jacob is one of a family of ten children, only three of whom are now living. George lives in Campbell county, Ky. He is nearly eighty years of age and is almost blind. America, now Mrs. Wesley White, lives near Carthage. Mr. Anderson's opportunities to acquire an education were extremely limited. In his boyhood he attended private or "subscription" schools for a few months and this constituted his schooling. This he has supplemented by reading until he is one of the best informed men in his neighborhood. He is particularly fond of reading the Scriptures and few men know more of the Book of Life than he. His farm, which consists of about ioo acres, is directly opposite New Richmond, O. From a point near the house one can see up the beautiful Ohio for fifteen miles, and down the river for about ten miles, while opposite the city of New Richmond, with its surrounding hills, forms a gorgeous panorama. The farm is also widely known for a fine spring 80 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY of water. This Mr. Anderson has utilized for keeping milk and butter, dairy products being the principal output of the farm. Along the side of the farm next to the Ohio river runs the Chesapeake and Ohio railway. Before the war Mr. Anderson was a Whig. Since then he has been a Democrat, though he takes no active part in politics. On July 4, 1848, he was married to Mary Hester, daughter of James and Margaret (Dicken) White, both of whom werenatiyess of Campbell county. Mrs. Anderson's mother was a distant relative of Charles Dickens, the celebrated English novelist, though for some reason the American branch of the family dropped the final letter of the name. Mrs. Anderson was born at Alexandria, Ky., May 25, 1830, and received her education in the schools of her native town. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson are the parents of eight children, viz.: John, died at the age of eighteen months; Martha, married Robert Mell and died at the age of twenty-sic years. A daughter of this marriage, Miss Birdie Mell, a bright and amiable young lady, now lives with her grandparents. Joseph Wesley, now a farmer living near Winnebago City, Minn.; Millard Fillmore, who died near New Richmond, O., in 1902; Margaret Lizzie, now Mrs. Zeno Barker, living near Carthage; Mary Jessie, now Mrs. William Madden, of Mount Washington, O.; Jacob, a farmer near Carthage; and Esther Holmes, wife of Thornton Painter, a farmer near Carthage. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson are both members of the Baptist church and are firm believers in the faith of that denomination. They practice the teachings of their religion, are charitable to the unfortunate, and their home is one of the most hospitable in Campbell county. GEORGE W. HENDERSON, pilot on the steam ferry boat operated by the Chesapeake & Ohio railroad, at New Richmond, was born in Campbell county, Ky., Oct. 26, 1861. His paternal grandfather, John Henderson, was a native of Ireland, but came to America while still a young man, settling in Pennsylvania. There he married Abigail Livingston and about 1810 or 8111 came to Cincinnati, which was then a small village. A year or two later he removed to Campbell county, where, after serving in the war of 1812, he died when about: forty years of age. His widow married Henry Martin, a wealthy farmer and large land owner of Campbell county. Two sons of John and Abigail Henderson are still living, John and Asa, and four sons and two daughters are deceased. One of those was George W., the father of the subject of this sketch. He was born after the family settled in Kentucky and was for the greater part of his life employed on the river, most of the time in the lower trade. During the Civil war he and his brother MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 81 Alva were the first and second mates on the steamer "Prima Donna" and were captured by the Confederates and held as prisoners of war for about four months. He married Nancy Bruce, a native of Campbell county. Her parents came from Pennsylvania and were among the pioneers of the settlement about Carthage. George W. and Nancy Henderson had three children. Alice is now Mrs. T. J. Tarvin, of Carthage; Ella is the widow of Solomon Anderson and at present lives in New Richmond, O., and George W. Mr. Henderson received a good common school education, after which he, like his father, found employment in the steamboat trade of the Ohio. For more than thirteen years he has followed the river, the greater part of that time in his present position. He owns a fine farm of seventy acres on the Kentucky side, opposite the ferry, and when not engaged upon the boat devotes his time to fruit growing. In October, 1885, Mr. Henderson led to the altar Miss Lucy, the daughter of Oliver and Mary Moore, old and honored residents of Campbell county. Her father is dead and her maternal grandfather, whose name was Boots, was a soldier in the American army during the Revolution. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson have five children: Mary, aged eighteen; Roger, fifteen; Raymond, twelve; Daisy, five; and Delpha, two. Both parents and the eldest daughter are members of the Methodist Church South at Carthage. HON. WILLIAM H. O'BRIEN, president of the Citizens National bank, of Lawrenceburg, is one of the best known and most popular men in Southeastern Indiana. His father, Cornelius O'Brien, a native of Callan, Ireland, landed in Dearborn county in 183, fresh from the Emerald Isle. He has been described as genial, energetic and quick-witted, and the son has inherited these characteristics in a marked degree. About 1847 Cornelius O'Brien was elected county treasurer and shortly after the expiration of his term he was appointed to fill out an unexpired term in the county clerk's office. At the next election he was chosen to succeed himself in that office and from that time until his death he was an influential factor in the Democratic politics of his state. In 1856 he was a delegate to the national convention that nominated James Buchanan, and was the same year elected to the state senate. In 1860 he was a candidate for clerk I-6 82 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY of the supreme court. He married Harriet Hunter, daughter of James W. Hunter, and they had two sons, Robert Emmett and William H. William H. O'Brien received his primary education in the Lawrenceburg schools, and later attended Asbury—now DePauw—university, for two years. His old schoolmates speak of him as a quick-minded, mischief-loving youngster, yet his love of fair play was so well known that he was frequently called upon to act as umpire or referee in games of different kinds. Upon leaving college he became deputy clerk of his county for a short time, and in 18i7, in company with Dr. W. D. H. Hunter, purchased the Lawrenceburg Register. They published the paper until 1894, when they sold out. The latter part of that time Mr. O'Brien had practically full control of the paper, Dr. Hunter having been appointed collector of internal revenue for the old Sixth district, in 1885. That year Mr. O'Brien was elected mayor of Lawrenceburg and was re-elected at each succeeding election until 1894, when he declined a renomination. As mayor he played an important part in the construction of the levee to protect Lawrenceburg from the Ohio river in times of flood. Besides securing government aid to the amount of $60,000 he recommended the issuance of bonds to the amount of $50,000 by the city. The benefits derived from the construction of the levee are seen in the appreciated values of all city property. In 1898 a petition, signed by a majority of the business men, was presented to Mr. O'Brien asking him to again consent to the use of his name as a candidate for mayor. He reluctantly consented and was elected by the largest majority ever given any one for the office. In 1890 he was one of the principal organizers of the Citizens National bank, and after serving for some time as vice-president and cashier he was elected president, which office he has held ever since his first election. He was also one of the organizers of the Lawrenceburg Fair Association and was secretary for several years. Governor Matthews appointed. Mr. O'Brien a trustee of Purdue university, and he has been reappointed by two subsequent governors. He has also served as trustee of Moores Hill college for a long period. Mr. O'Brien has been active in political work outside of local offices and affairs.. From 1880 to 1886 he was secretary and from 1888 to 1902 chairman of the county committee. This brought him in contact with party leaders from all over the state and gave him a chance to increase the scope of his political usefulness. From 1890 to 1896 he was a member of the state central committee, and during the campaigns of 1896 and 1898 served on the state executive committee. In 1900 he was a delegate to the national convention, and was the Indiana member of the committee appointed to notify Mr. Bryan of his MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 83 nomination. In January, 1902, he was elected chairman of the state central committee, and was re-elected in 1904. He was nominated for state senator in 1902 and triumphantly elected from the district composed of Dearborn, Ohio and Franklin counties. He was a delegate-atlarge to the Democratic national convention at St. Louis in 1904 and was the Indiana member of the committee to notify Judge Parker of his nomination. Mr. O'Brien is a member of Lawrenceburg Lodge, No. 4, Free and Accepted Masons ; Aurora Commandery, No. 56, Knights Templars ; and a thirty-second degree member of the Scottish Rite. He is also a Knight of Pythias, a member of the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity; and of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. O'Brien was married in 1.882 to Miss Harriet, daughter of his old partner, Dr. W. D. H. Hunter. They have six children living. Cornelius, cashier Citizens National bank; Frances, a graduate of Glendale female college; Robert Emmett, a cadet at the United States Military academy, West Point, N. Y.; William H., Elizabeth and Harriet. The youngest daughter, Ruth, died in August, zoo, aged eighteen months. JACOB M. BAUER, president of the Bauer Cooperage Company and director in the Citizens National bank, Lawrenceburg, Ind., was born in Cincinnati, O., in the old Flat Iron ward, Feb. 12, 1858. His father was a native of Stuttgart, and his mother a native of Munich, Germany. They both came to America in 1850. His father was an old time boniface of Cincinnati, well known to all the old timers as the proprietor of the Washington hotel in the East End, which was so well known all over the country during its clay, and especially during the war. He died in 1885, but the mother is still living; also a sister, Mrs. H. E. Ruigel, of Cleveland. Jacob M. Bauer attended the public schools in Cincinnati, but left school at an early age to take tip study of law. Not finding this to his liking he abandoned it and entered into the employ of Jeffras, Seeley & Co., first as clerk and then as traveling salesman. During this time he and his brother, John G., made an extensive tour of the European countries. In 1879, in company with his brother, they started the cooperage business so well known the world over as The Dauer Cooperage Company, of Cincinnati. 84 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY In 1882, they removed their plant to Lawrenceburg and consolidated with James Walsh & Sons, retaining the old established name of The Lauer Cooperage Company. In 1894 the Bauer interest bought out the Walsh interest. These works employ two hundred and twenty-five people and have a capacity of twelve hundred whiskey barrels per day, this being their specialty. Nine mills are scattered through West Virginia, Kentucky and Tennessee to supply the staves necessary for the company's demand. These mills give labor to thousands of men. Politically Jacob M. Bauer is a Republican, dyed in the wool, and was chosen as a delegate to the national convention of 1904, which nominated Roosevelt and Fairbanks. He stands high in Masonic rank, being a thirty-second degree member of the Scottish Rite, a Knight Templar, and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Knights of Pythias several clubs at Cincinnati ; the German Lutheran church ; and is a contributor to all other churches. He was married in 1885 to Evangeline, daughter of Col. Ezra G. Hayes, the well-known capitalist and distiller of Dearborn county, Ind., and four children have come to bless this union. Two, a son and daughter, are now dead, and two daughters, Laura H. and Catherine E., are now attending the Bartholomew Ely school at Clifton, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Bauer have hosts of friends and their beautiful home is well known for its hospitality and social functions. AMBROSE E. NOWLIN, collector of internal revenue for the Sixth district of Indiana, with offices at Lawrenceburg, was born in Dearborn county, Ind., in the year 1843, and has been a resident of the county all his life. His father, Jerry Nowlin, was born in Kentucky in 1806, but came with his father to Indiana while still in his boyhood. He passed his life as a farmer in Dearborn county and died there in 1873. Ambrose received his early education in the common schools, afterward graduating in the scientific course from Miami university, at Oxford, Ohio. From college he returned home and took tip farming as an occupation, which he has followed ever since. In 1890 he was one of the five supervisors of the census in Indiana, and in 1894 was elected auditor of the county. MEMOIRS OF TILE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 85 Notwithstanding Dearborn county is generally Democratic by a majority of seven or eight hundred he was elected by a plurality of three hundred. After serving two years as auditor he resigned to accept his present position, having received the appointment from President McKinley in 1897. Mr. Nowlin is a director in the People's bank, which he helped to organize twenty-two years ago. He is a Knight of Pythias and a member of Lawrenceburg Lodge, No. 4, Free and Accepted Masons. In 187o he was married to Flora B., daughter of W. H. Baker, of Dearborn county. They have one daughter. Margaret, now the wife of M. W. Fisk. Their son, Oakey, after completing his education and becoming established in business with bright prospects for a successful career, was stricken with typhoid fever and died just as he was entering the twenty-second year of his life. GEORGE C. COLUMBIA, vice-president of the Citizens National bank, of Lawrenceburg, Ind., is of English extraction. A few years before the beginning of the Revolutionary war his great-grandfather, John Columbia, came with two of his brothers to America, and all three fought in the Continental army during the war for inpendence. After the war he settled in Maryland, where his son, William, the grandfather of the subject, was born. For a time he lived in Pennsylvania, but died in Hamilton county. Ohio, in 1826. John Columbia, the father of George C., was born in Pennsylvania in 1799. When he was about a year old he went with his parents to Columbia, Ohio, and in 1819 came to Dearborn county. There he passed his life as a farmer and died in 1890 George C. Columbia was born in Dearborn county, Jan. 30, 1835. He passed his youth and early manhood in farm work, attending the country schools during the winter months. In September, 1861, he enlisted in the Seventh regiment Indiana volunteer infantry as a private, but in the following February was made a sergeant. He was with his regiment in some of the hardest fought battles of the war, among them being Winchester, Port Republic, Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run. Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, The Wilderness, Spottsylvania C. H., North Anna River, Cold Harbor, 86 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY Petersburg and Weldon R. R. He was wounded once slightly and at Second Bull Run was taken prisoner. Three days later he was paroled and sent home, rejoining his regiment in December, 1862. From June to August, 1864, he was under fire every day before Petersburg, and was in the two days' fight at Weldon railroad in August of that year. In September, 1864, he was discharged, returned hone, and for the next sixteen years was engaged in farming and teaching school. In 1867 he was elected assessor of his township, holding the office three years. In 1873 he was made superintendent of the county schools for two years and at the close of his term was re-elected. At the close of the first year of his second term he resigned. He served eight years as recorder of the county, being elected in 1878 and again in 1882, each time without opposition, and was for three years a member of the Lawrenceburg school board. In August, 1884, he was appointed postmaster at Lawrenceburg and held the office for four years. upon retiring from the postoffice he also retired from active business pursuits but in January, 1899, he was elected vice-president of the Citizens National bank, in which he had long been a stockholder. In all the positions Mr. Columbia has held he has been noted for his careful, conscientious conduct of affairs and no man stands higher in the estimation of his neighbors. Mr. Columbia is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a Royal Arch Mason. Mr. Columbia was first married to Ann J., daughter of Julius C. Churchill. She died Oct. 26, 1881, leaving one daughter, Emma. On Dec. 29, 1887, he was married to Margaret M., daughter of Samuel Martin, and at the time of her marriage to Mr. Columbia the widow of William J. Fitch, 1w whom she had one son. Charles W. Fitch, now in the drug business at Lawrenceburg. EDWIN M. LEE, mayor of Lawrenceburg, Ind., and one of the popular merchants of that city, was born in Switzerland county, Ind., in 1867. He is a son of Rev. Charles W. Lee, one of the best known Methodist ministers in the state. The early life of the subject of this sketch was passed in various localities as his father removed from one church to another. The greater part of his education was obtained in the public schools of Edinburg and at Moores Hill college. In 1887 he became connected with the G. Y. Roots Co. (now the Lawrenceburg Roller Mills Co.), and eight years later was made assignee of the company. After four years in this capacity the company was reorganized and Mr. Lee went to Muncie, Ind., where he engaged in merchandizing for one year, when he returned to Lawrenceburg. There MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 87 he opened a mercantile establishment, which he has conducted ever since. Politically Mr. Lee is a Republican and has always taken a lively interest in political contests. In 1892 he was elected to the Lawrenceburg council from the Third ward, serving for three years. He was a member of the city school board for three years and in May, 1904, was elected to the office of mayor. He is also president of the Commercial club, a thirty-second degree Mason and a Knight Templar, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In church, lodge, and the community Mr. Lee has a deservedly high standing, owing to his genial disposition, his progressive notions, and his regard for his fellow-man. CHARLES M. BEINKAMP, of Aurora, Ind., auditor of Dearborn county, was born at Cochran, in that county, April 21, 1861. At the age of nineteen years he was graduated from the Aurora high school and entered the offices of the Crescent Brewing Company of that city as shipping clerk. After about six months in this position he met with an accident that disabled him for some time, and upon his recovery he went into the dry goods department of Robert Maybin's mercantile establishment at Aurora, where he remained for eighteen months. He then went to Johnson City, Mo., and took charge of the general store of Dr. J. W. Wheeler for a year. One of the customers of this store was the famous out-law, Cole Younger. After a year in Johnson City Mr. Beinkamp returned to Aurora and engaged in the grocery business, which he successfully conducted for about nine years, when he and two of his wife's brothers, Selwyn and William Mitchell, embarked in the manufacture of brick, under the firm name of the Mitchell Brick Company, in which he is still interested. The company maintains and operates two factories, one at Lawrenceburg, Ind., and the other at Delhi, O. Ever since he became a voter Mr. Beinkamp has taken a keen interest in political matters, being a Jeffersonian Democrat "on both sides of the house," as he expresses it. For some time he served as a member of the Aurora city council, and in 1898 he was elected to the office of auditor of Dearborn county. In 1902, at the close of his first four years' term, he was triumphantly re-elected, leading the county ticket 88 - MEMOIRS OF THE LONER OHIO VALLEY by a majority of 250 votes, being the first auditor in more than thirty years to succeed himself. His re-election in the face of this long one term precedent tells the story of his personal and political popularity, as well as his efficient discharge of official ditties during his first term. In October, 1884, Mr. Beinkamp and Miss Maggie Mitchell, of Lawrenceburg, were united in marriage and they have one daughter, Harriet. JOHN T. SHERRIFF, manager of the roller mills, Lawrenceburg, Ind., is a native of Toledo, Ohio. While still in his childhood his parents removed to North Dakota, settling at the town of Mandan. Here the subject of this sketch was reared and received the greater part of his education, though he attended school in the Last for some time. He began his business career in the employ of the Mandan Roller Mills Company, with which he served for six years, learning the miller's trade in all its branches. In 1897 he came to Lawrenceburg as assistant manager of the Lawrenceburg Roller Mills, the largest mills in Indiana, with a capacity of eighteen hundred barrels daily. After one year as assistant Mr. Sherriff was made manager and under his control the mills have had a prosperous career, the products finding their way into a constantly widening market. As a miller and manager Mr. Sherriff has few equals. His training has been thorough and his natural adaptability for the work has enabled him to take a high rank among the leading millers of the country. He is member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Episcopal church. R. H. COLT, attorney at law, Lawrenceburg, Ind., was born in that city May 21, 1860. At the age of seventeen he graduated from the high school and was the valedictorian of his class. From that time until he was twenty-eight he was employed as a clerk in a store or as a traveling salesman. During the last two years of that time he studied short-hand and in the fall of 1868 he attended a short-hand school, increasing his speed from sixty-five to one hundred and eighty-five words a minute. He was appointed court stenographer, and held that position through the year 1889, his teacher making the statement that he was the only one who ever left the school and immediately became a court reporter. In the meantime Mr. Colt had commenced the study of law with John K. Thompson, of Lawrenceburg, and in 1890 was admitted to the bar. In 1892 he formed a partnership with his old preceptor which lasted until the death of Mr. Thompson in 1898. Mr. Colt has always been an enthusiastic Republican and in 1898 he was MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 89 elected chairman of the central committee of Dearborn county. His management of the campaign of that year was so satisfactory to his party associates that he has been continued as chairman ever since. He is a member of the Dearborn County Par Association and was for ten years treasurer of the organization. He is a stockholder in the Greendale Cemetery association, one of the finest and best kept cemeteries in the state, and has for years been prominent in its affairs. At the age of nine years he joined the Presbyterian church, which he has served as deacon, elder and treasurer. In 1890 he was married to Miss Carrie G. Walters, daughter of Dr. Carl G. Walters, of Lawrenceburg, and they have two children: Carl Thompson and Helen J. GEORGE M. ROBERTS, of the law firm of Roberts & Johnston, Lawrenceburg, Ind., was born in Ripley county, Ind., in March, 1843. When he was about eleven years of age his parents removed to Quincy, Ill,, and while living in that city he acquired his primary education in the common schools. In 1863 he graduated from Knox college, Galesburg, Ill., and for about a year afterward was a clerk in the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company's offices at Quincy. In May, 1864, he went into Company A, One Hundred and Thirty-seventh regiment Illinois volunteer infantry, as first lieutenant, serving five months and taking part in the fight with General Forrest, at Memphis, Tenn., in October, 1864. Upon leaving the army he entered the Albany, N. Y., law school and graduated from that institution in June, 1865. He first located at Omaha, Neb., and remained there for about four years, coming to Lawrenceburg in January, 18 70. Here he has continued practice ever since and few lawyers in Southeastern Indiana have a higher standing at the bar. Mr. Roberts is a Republican and one of the kind that never hesitates to defend his party's position on all public questions. While living in Omaha he served one term as mayor and since coming to Lawrenceburg has served as mayor of that city three terms. In law, politics, official or private life he is recognized as a just and fearless individual, one who ever tries to be on the side of the right, and by his courageous course he has won the esteem of his fellow-men, Mr. Roberts is a Royal Arch Mason and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and in both organizations he is an influential factor in shaping their policy. ARCHIBALD SHAW, postmaster at Lawrenceburg, Ind., was born in Switzerland county, Ind., Aug. 8, 1847. His paternal grandfather, John Shaw, and his father, William Shaw, were both natives of Paisley, 90 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY Scotland. The father, John Shaw, and all his family came to America in 1816 and after a few months in Philadelphia came to Switzerland county. In 1825 he married Linda Rous, who was born in Yorkshire, England, but came with herarents to this country in 1812, on the merchant vessel "Packet." The war of 1812 then being in progress and the "Packet" being an American vessel it was captured by a British man of war and crew and passengers carried to Nova Scotia as prisoners. There their passports were examined and being found lawfully executed they were released and came on to the United States. William Shaw was for many years engaged in trading on the river, making a number of trips to New Orleans, after which he engaged in merchandizing. He died in 1873 and his wife in 1892. The early years of Archibald Shaw were spent on a farm in Switzerland county, where he attended the common schools, afterward taking a four years' course at Asbury—now DePauw—university. From the time of his leaving college until 1898 he was engaged in various business enterprises. Ever since becoming a voter he has taken an active interest in politics, using all his influence to promote the success of the Republican party. For eight years he has been chairman of the central committee of Dearborn county; has served as city school trustee ; and in 1898 was appointed postmaster by President McKinley. Mr. Shaw is a member of Lawrenceburg Lodge, No. 4, Free and Accepted Masons; Dearborn Lodge, No. 49, Knights of Pythias, and is secretary of the official board of the Methodist Episcopal church. He has three brothers and three sisters living, one brother, Lucien, being one of the supreme judges of California. In 1873 he was married to Miss Hannah V. Fitch, daughter of De Witt C. Fitch, who was a well known resident of Lawrenceburg. To this marriage there have been born eight children: Ida C., Cora L., and William De Witt are deceased. Those living are Harris F., Edward R., John A., Ella M., and De Witt C. ORVILLE S. JAQUITH, M.D., one of the best known physicians of Lawrenceburg, Ind., is a native of Dearborn county, having been born at Wright's Corners, Sept. 27, 1872. His father, Edwin L. Jaquith, also born at Wright's Corners, was in business there for many years, and died there in April, 1904. The family is of French extraction, the doctor's grandfather having been a native of France. Dr. Jaquith's mother was a Miss Anna E. Howard. In his boyhood he attended the common schools, where he received a good rudimentary education, and in the spring of 1897 was graduated from the Miami Medical college, of Cincinnati, with the degree of M.D. MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 91 Shortly afterward he began practice at Lawrenceburg, where he has ever since continued, being associated with Dr. House part of the time. Dr. Jaquith was not content with merely receiving a diploma from a medical college. He wanted to know more of his chosen profession. Hence in 1898 and again in 1903 he took post graduate courses in the Chicago Polyclinic Institute, thus keeping in touch with medical progress, and placing his name on the roll of progressive physicians of the country. Dr. Jaquith is a member and one of the trustees of the Christian church. In June, 1900, he was united in marriage to Miss Maud Rinaman, daughter of Victor Rinaman. To this marriage there have been born two children: Mildred and Maurine. GEORGE SUTTON, late of Aurora, Ind., was born in London, England, June 16, 1812. His parents emigrated to America in 1819 and located in Cincinnati, Ohio, from which city they removed to Whitewater Valley, Franklin county, Ind. After he had spent several years at Miami university he began the study of medicine in Cincinnati under the instruction of Prof. John Eberle and afterwards under that of Prof. S. D. Gross, a distinguished authority on medicine. After attending three full courses of lectures at the medical college of Ohio he graduated from that institution in 1836. Two of his sons have since received diplomas from that celebrated school. Locating at Aurora, he practiced his profession in his home city for fifty years, building tip a large and profitable business. Doctor Sutton was a close and observing student and all of his writings are replete with original and valuable ideas. He contributed largely to both medical and scientific literature, his articles having been extensively copied in various journals of the country. In the winter and spring of 1843 he wrote a series of papers on epidemic erysipelas, popularly known as "black tongue," a disease then prevalent in Aurora and the surrounding country, and these papers were published in full in "Copland's Medical Dictionary," and "Numerly on Erysipelas," both standard English works. He gave much attention to microscopic study, and made valuable discoveries in regard to trichina and trichinosis, showing that from three to ten per cent. of 92 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOITER OHIO VALLEY the hogs in Southeastern Indiana are affected with trichina, and that the disease may assume various forms hitherto unnoticed by the profession. "His method of reducing dislocations of the hip joint," says Professor Pooley of Columbus, Ohio, "is a beautiful, original and practical piece of surgery, and one sure to be adopted by the profession." In 1867 he was elected president of the Indiana State Medical society, an honor highly appreciated by him because he was not present at that meeting and had not sought the office. In 1877 he was chosen president of the board of trustees of the college of physicians and surgeons of Indiana and served in that capacity for several years, delivering the annual address to the graduating classes. As president of the Rocky Mountain Medical association he delivered a masterly adress before that body at its meeting in New Orleans, May 6, 1885. Although engaged in active practice in the different branches of his profession, he devoted a portion of his time to geology, meteorology and archæology, directing his special attention to the antiquities of the neighborhood. He made collections of fossils and geological specimens, and formed a cabinet of many thousand specimens, unsurpassed by another in this portion of Indiana, and valuable for their local interest. Among the subjects upon which Doctor Sutton has written are the following: Cholera, erysipelas, trichina, scarlatina, placenta praevia, parasites, dislocation of the hip joint, epidemics of Southeastern Indiana, hog cholera, glacial deposits, formation of storms and causes of the great floods in the Ohio valley. Doctor Sutton was a man remarkable for independence of thought and action, and enjoyed the confidence of his fellow-men for over half a century. He took an active part in whatever was for the good of the city; was elected mayor of Aurora for three successive terms; was a member of the board of school trustees for more than sixteen years, being instrumental in the establishment of the graded school system and the erection of the handsome school building in the southern part of the city. On June 7, 1838, he married Miss Sarah Forlbre and by her had five children, four sons and one daughter, of which number only one son and the daughter are living. At the time of his death Doctor Sutton was a member of the International Medical congress; the American and Indiana State Medical associations; the Dearborn County Medical society, which he helped to found and which is now one of the foremost in the state; the American Association for the Advancement of Science; the Archaeological Association of Indiana; the Natural History societies of Cincinnati and Dearborn county, being president of the latter, and an honorary member of numerous other societies of similar character. MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 93 HARLEY H. SUTTON, M.D., of Aurora, Ind., was born in that city, Dec. 24, 1852 His father, Dr. George Sutton, a sketch of whose life appears in this work, was of English descent, and his mother, Sarah Folbre Sutton, was a daughter of Charles and Phoebe Folbre, who were among the early settlers of Southeastern Indiana. Dr. H. H. Sutton is the youngest of five children, three of whom are now deceased. His early life was spent in his native town where he received his elementary education, graduating from the Aurora high school in 1870, under Prof. Edward Clark. He then entered the Indiana State university at Bloomington, where he took a special two years' course preparatory to the study of medicine. In 1873 he began the study of medicine under his father and during the first year rendered valuable assistance with the microscope, especially in the examinations of pork for trichina, which subject his father was making a special study at that time. In 1874 he entered the medical college of Ohio at Cincinnati, and graduated in the spring of 1876. In the fall of that year he entered Jefferson Medical college at Philadelphia, and graduated from that institution the following spring, the subject of his thesis being "The reduction of the dislocation of the hip joint by means of a fulcrum placed in the groin." This thesis was mainly the description of a new method of reducing dislocation of the hip joint, originated by his father, with a history of a case of three months' standing under the care of Prof. William Pancoast, the reduction having been made by Dr. George Sutton at Blockly hospital in Philadelphia. His health being somewhat impaired by his close application to study Dr. Sutton decided to take a rest before seeking a location for the practice of his profession, but the serious illness of his brother, Dr. W. F. Sutton, then engaged in practice with their father, made it necessary for him to take his brother's place in their father's office at Aurora. Dr. W. E. Sutton never regained his health, but died in 1878, and Dr. H. H. Sutton continued to practice with his father until the latter's death in 1886, and today he is a busy practitioner in his old home. He has won an enviable reputation as a diagnostician, and for the careful and painstaking way in which he handles his cases. Being fortunate enough to be able to eliminate from his practice cer- 94 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOITER 01110 L .ALLEY tain features which were irksome. he is enabled to devote more time to other branches of his profession, and diseases of children is one which he has given special attention. Dr. Sutton believes in home institutions, and that more benefit is to be derived from local organizations than from the larger bodies. He has therefore devoted a great deal of his time to the upbuilding of the county medical society; has been honored many times as the representative of the society in both the State and National associations, and has filled all the offices of the society. He is a member of the American Medical association, the Indiana State and Mississippi Valley Medical societies. For years he has been the surgeon for the Big Four Railway company; was for a long time health officer of Aurora; and in 1896 took a post-graduate course in the New York polyclinic. He has written many papers on various subjects, but mainly pertaining to his profession, and the county medical society always gets the benefit of these productions. In addition to his profession Dr. Sutton is a director and vice-president of the Aurora Coffin Company, the Aurora Lumber Company, and the Aurora Chair Company, and is a director of the River View Cemetery association, besides belonging to various clubs and other organizations. Dr. Sutton inherited many of his father's traits. He is especially fond of out-door sports, particularly hunting and fishing, consequently he has visited the wilds of the Rocky mountains and the swamps of Louisiana, Missouri and Texas in quest of game, and has spent several seasons among the lakes of Michigan with his rod and net. Nearly every season finds him in some new spot, where the country is wild and game is plentiful, for a vacation. In 1887 he married Miss Mary, eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Duchemin, of Aurora, and to this union there have been born two daughters and a son. Only the son is now living. He is in his twelfth year and bears the name of his grandfather, George Sutton. Dr. Sutton lives at the old homestead on the hill south of town, and he has so improved the place that with its natural beauty, it is one of the most attractive on the Ohio. RICHARD CLAYTON BOND, M.D., late of Aurora, Ind., was at the time of his death one of the oldest physicians in that section of the state. He was born in Wood county, W. Va., March 22, 1822, his parents being Lewis and Lydia (John) Bond, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of Pennsylvania. The paternal ancestors came from England, while the mother was of Welsh descent. Dr. Bond was educated in the schools of Fayette county, Pa., after which MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 95 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Stevenson, of Greensboro, in that county. While prosecuting his medical studies he taught school at intervals in Fayette and Green counties and in 1847 was licensed to practice. At that time the great West offered promising inducements to young men and soon after receiving his license he came to Lawrenceburg, Ind. After practicing there for a short time he went to Ripley county for about eighteen months and then located at Aurora, where he ever afterward remained. In 18J7 he received the degree of M.D. from the Miami Medical college, of Cincinnati, and was one of the members of the alumni association of that institution. When the Civil war began he was appointed surgeon of the Fifteenth Indiana infantry, commanded by Colonel Geo. D. Wagner. He was with his regiment in several engagements, among them being Rich Mountain, Garrick's Ford, Green Prier and Shiloh. After a service of one and a half years he was compelled to resign on account of his health. Dr. Bond was always active in every movement for the upbuilding of Aurora and served as a member of the town council. He was a member and also an ordained minister of the Baptist church. In addition to his work as a physician he preached for ten years at various points in Southern Indiana. In 1846 he was married to Miss Eliza Bevan, daughter of Thomas Bevan, a Cincinnati manufacturer. To this marriage there were born three sons and three daughters. One son, Marc L., adopted his father's profession. He was born at Aurora, March 12, 1859; educated in the public schools of Dearborn county; and graduated from the Ohio Medical college in 1882. For about a year he practiced at Louisville, Ky., but failing health compelled him to abandon his practice, and for three years he was practically an invalid. At the end of that time he became associated with his father, which association continued until the latter's death, June 30, 1904, since which time he has practiced alone. He is a member of the Dearborn County Medical society and of the State Medical association. In 1896 he was honored with the presidency of the county society, which shows the esteem in which he is held by his brother physicians. Dr. Bond was married on Nov. 29, 1893, to Lyda Trulock, of Aurora. WILL H. CONWAY, a well-known citizen of Aurora, Ind., was born in Dearborn county, June 14, 1853. The Conways were among the earliest settlers of that county, and have been prominently identified with its progress. John L. Conway, the father of the subject of this sketch, was a steamboat man all his business life. During the 96 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY Civil war he was in the government service as pilot of a transport, of which his brother Daniel was captain. Among the exciting experiences he encountered in those stirring times was that of running the blockade at Vicksburg. He married Emily Shaddock, whose father came from Maine to Dearborn county at an early date. His death occurred at his home in Dearborn county in 1878. Will H. Conway was educated in the public schools and began his business career as a merchant, in which line he was engaged for a number of years. For the past twelve years he has been connected with the Aurora Gas Company. Politically -Mr. Conway is a Republican and takes a lively interest in political contests. In 1900 he was elected township trustee, overcoming an adverse majority of 220. Several times he has acted as chairman of the Republican township committee. He is a member of the Aurora Masonic lodge, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Royal Arcanum. In 1884 he was married to Miss Emma, daughter of William Green, an old and highly esteemed citizen of Dearborn county. They have two children, Charles L. and Mabel E. EDWIN SMITH, M.D., of Aurora, Ind., was born at Conway, Franklin county, Mass., April 29, 1832, his parents being Rufus and Polly (Foskett) Smith, the former of an old Massachusetts family and the latter of Welsh descent. During his early boyhood Doctor Smith attended the local public schools, but the death of his father occurring, when he was but eleven years of age, made it incumbent upon him to assist in the support of the family. When he was eighteen years old he took private instruction in literary and scientific branches from his pastor with a view to studying medicine. Then for several years he was engaged in the life insurance business and in 1852 located in Cleveland, where he started in business for himself. After a short time he retired on account of his health and for several years was engaged in teaching. Through all these years he never gave up the idea of becoming a physician. While studying some of the old school text-books he became interested in the subject of Homeopathy. Purchasing Dr. Pulte's handbook and a case of medicines he began treating himself and a few of his friends. The MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 97 results made a favorable impression on his mind, he gave up teaching, entered the Pulte Medical college, of Cincinnati, and graduated in May, 1877. Besides the regular course he made a special study of diseases of the eye and ear and gynecology, in which he received a special diploma. At the time of his graduation he received a prize for his thesis on the eye and ear. In July, 1877, he located at Aurora, where he has built up a large practice. He has one of the best equipped offices in the country, in the way of scientific appliances, and a large and well-selected library. He is a great believer in electricity as a therapeutic agent and regards it as being indispensable in the treatment of certain diseases. He is a member of the Pulte Medical association, of Hamilton county, Ohio; the Indiana State Medical association; and the American Institute of Homeopathy. Dr. Smith is active in church work as a member of the Baptist denomination, having served as secretary of the Canton, O., congregation, the Wooster association, the Sabbath school convention, and has been a contributor to religious journals. He has been married three times. His first wife was Miss Mary Andrews, daughter of Hon. Luther Andrews of Warren county, N. Y. She died on Jan. 11, 1861, leaving an infant son Edwin R., Jr. In 1867 the doctor married Miss Cornelia Whitmore, daughter of Russell Whitmore, of Georgetown, N. Y. Her death occurred on New Year's day, 1877. His third wife was Teresa Sheurmann, daughter of Martin Sheurmann, of Dearborn county. CHARLES DAVIS WEBBER, treasurer of the city of Aurora, Ind., is a descendant of one of the oldest families in America, the records showing that the first of the family in this country came over in the Mayflower. His paternal grandfather was one of the first settlers of Aurora, where William Webber, father of the subject of this sketch, was born soon after the family's arrival. They came from Massachusetts and William is said to have been the second white child born in Aurora. He was a man of high moral character and was greatly respected by his neighbors. During his life he was engaged in a number of business enterprises, publishing a newspaper, flat boating, merchandizing, etc. In later years he was manager for Chambers, Stevens & Co.'s grocery department. In 1852 he was married to Miss Mary Jane Davis, of 'Mississippi, and Charles D. is the oldest son born to that marriage. He was born at Aurora, Aug. i3, 1853, was educated in the public schools and began life in 1869 as a clerk in the First National bank of Aurora. Two years I-7 98 - MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY later he went to Cincinnati as teller in the First National bank of that city, where he remained until failing health compelled him to resign the position. Regaining his health he took a position with T. & J. W. Gaff with whom he has remained ever since, filling various positions of trust. In political matters Mr. Webber is a Republican and prominent in the affairs of his party. In May, 1904, he was elected treasurer of the city on the Citizens' ticket, receiving more votes than any other man on the ticket. Besides his official duties he is inspector of the local board of underwriters and occupies several other important positions, among them deacon and clerk of the First Baptist church, of which he is an active member. In June, 1878, Mr. Webber was married to Miss Julia Lane, whose father, the late G. 'N. Lane, was one of the most prominent men in Southeastern Indiana. He was a native of Burlington, Ky., but came to Dearborn county in his childhood. In 1835 he became a resident of Aurora and did much to build tip the town. He built the first bridge over Hogan's creek, thus connecting Lawrenceburg and Aurora; was the first auditor of the county; was twice elected to the legislature; served as superintendent of the Denver mint, and was for eight years assistant treasurer of the United States. In 1850 he acquired the ownership of the Lawrenceburg Register, which he published for some time. While in the legislature he secured charters for several turnpike companies, as well as for the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad Company, of which he was one of the directors. He was also a director in the old Lawrenceburg & Indianapolis Railroad Company. Although a Democrat his broad ideas commanded the respect of his political opponents. He was deeply interested in the early history of the county and went to the trouble to preserve records of many interesting incidents of the early days. Mr. and Mrs. Webber have five children: Bessie, Harris B., Lane D., Alma, and Jean. HENRY J. SMITH, justice of the peace, Aurora, Ind., was born in Hanover, Germany, April 10, 1834. While still in his boyhood he came with his parents and five other children to America. The family settled in Dearborn county, Ind., where the father farmed for two years, and where Henry attended school for three months, the only schooling he received after coming to this country. In 1847 they removed to Ripley county, the father buying a farm there and becoming one of the first settlers in the neighborhood where it was located. Later they returned to Dearborn county, where the father, whose name was Henry J. Smith, died in his ninetieth year. He was MEMOIRS OF THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY - 99 twice married and had seven children by each wife. As the subject of this sketch grew up he worked on the farm with his father and by the month for other farmers. After becoming of age he lived with his oldest brother until the Civil war broke out, when he enlisted in Company E, Seventh Indiana infantry, the first company that left Aurora. The regiment was commanded by Colonel, afterward General, Dumont, and took part in the battle of Phillippi, the first real engagement of the war. Later it was at Carrick's Ford, where General Garnett, commander of the Confederate forces, was killed and his entire command captured. At the expiration of his term Mr. Smith re-enlisted and served for three years in General Shields' command, participating in all the battles in which it was engaged. He was captured on Jan. g, 1862, and held for some time as a prisoner at Lynchburg and Belle Island. After the war he returned to Aurora, where he has lived ever since. In 1888 he was elected a justice of the peace and has held the office by re-election continuously since that time. Mr. Smith is a Knight of Pythias, belonging to Union Lodge, No. 34, and is a member of J. A. Platter Post No. 82, Grand Army of the Republic. He has been twice married. His first wife was Caroline F. Stegemueller, to whom he was married in November, 1865. Her death occurred on Jan. 6, 1867, and in August of the succeeding year he was married to Miss Elizabeth Kuhlman. By this marriage he has three children living and one deceased. One daughter, Emma, is the wife of Martin L. Dove, of Aurora. He is in the service of the national government. WILLIAM H. GREENE, a farmer living two miles west of Dillsboro, Ind., is a descendant of the same family as Gen. Nathaniel Greene of Revolutionary fame. His grandparents, William and Mary (Cochrine) Greene were natives of Culpeper county, Va., but at an early date emigrated to Kentucky, settling first in Fayette county and later at Split Rock, opposite Aurora, Ind. Still later they removed to Bellevue, Boone county, where they passed the remainder of their lives. Their children were John C., Edward, Reuben C., Sylvester, Morton, Helena and Mary. The first named was the father of the subject of this sketch. He was born near Bellevue in 1802 and died there in August, 1858. In 1825 he was married to Sallie Stowe Greene, who, although of the same name, was no known relation. She was a native of Connecticut and a daughter of Joseph and Nancy (Mallory) Greene. Her father was a sea captain and a relative of General Greene, and her mother was a sister of Daniel Mallory, the