Auchard, C. Anderson, F. W. Austin, M. H. Avery, Ed. Anderson, A. Andrews, A. Jr. Andrews, F. B. Brooks, Sam'l Baumgardner, L. S. Birckhead, P. H. Berdan, P. F. Buck, C. H. Buckman, Wm. H. Boos, G. W.  Backus, A. L. Backus, W. W. Brown, Matthew. Bodman, E. C. Braisted, E. E. Bashare, Milo Baker; C. H. Brown, E. F. Bowman, J. H. Baldy, J. B. Bellman, W. H. Brand, Henry.	Boody, Azariah. Burdick, L. Brown, H. G. Brainard, W. S. Bangs, H. E. Baldwin, D. C. Bullard, E. M. Blinn, Doan Baldwin, S. Brown, Andrew Baker, R. W. Braun, V. Brown, Stillman Brown, D. A. Brown, W. O. Brown, T. P. Berger, S. H. Bauer, Emil Curtis, C. F. Coy, C. H. Collins, T. J. Curtis, E. A. Colton, A. W. Croninger, C. A. Crowell, J. Coon, W. M	Crabbs, P. Carrington, M. D. Casey, T. B. Carson, J. B. Cummings, John Castle, J. A. Curtis, J. C. Cook, T. M. Casement, J. S. Courtright, T. Dodge, F. B. Doville, E. Davis, G. W. Daniel, H. Dickinson, R. C. Dennis, J. A. Drummond, J. N. Dixon, N. Dickinson, J. S. Dix, W. B. Jr. Dyer, W. H. Dick, Sturgis T. Emerson, Geo. Eddy, C. H. Enright, Jon.
628 - Toledo—Officers or the City Government.
Finlay, W. J. Fiske, H. F. Fisk, J. B. Fisk, W. C. Fallis, J. R. Foster; F. E. Flower, G. W. Fuller, J. W. Fitch, Simeon Griffin, C. P. Goldsmith, E. Gerber, C. Griffith, W. W. Godard, A. Goode, B. W. Gosline, W. A. Gassaway, George Halloran, R. Hamilton, V. Hathaway, I. N. Howard, N. M. Hayes, H. J. Hubbard, Franklin Hamilton, R. W. Hurd, Frank H. Hamm, P. T. Hart, G. W. Hand, A. J. Hazzard, Sam'l. P. Jones, Lucien Jones, Jno. Paul Kraus, William Ketcham, J. B. Keen, D. M. Kelly, W. I. King, C. A. Kininger. J. Kelley, W. H. Kounts, J. L. Ketcham, V. H. King, F. J. Kelsey, A. L. Keck, T. L. Kelsey, J. W.	Luce, C. L. Linton, S. S. Littlefield, W. Littlefield, M. R. Lenderson, E. W. Landman, J. Macomber, A. E. McCune, Robt. Messinger, C. R. Milmine, George Meissner, George Monroe, J. B. Morse, J. C. McMaken, E. V. McMillan, W. A. McLaughlin, A. S. Miller, David Norton, J. S. Neal, J. M. S. Osbon, W. H. Philipps, Henry Parmelee, W. E. Jr Pomeroy, Geo. E. Jr. Phillips, P. A. Peter, William Pomeroy, H. B. Platt, H. P. Reed, Alex. Rolland, G. H. Richards, W. R. Reynolds, S. C. Royce, C. H. Rouse, B. W. Reynolds, Chas. L. Roemer, J. Raymond, George Swigart, J. R. St. John, William Slack, T. A. Sinclair, John Southard, T.	Smith, D. B. Simmons, W. H. Smith, E. C. Stevens, John Stevens, John H. Scribner, Charles Shoemaker, F. B. Swayne, Wager Stephan, Andrew Secor, J. K. Shears, Sam'l Stowe, W. L. Strong, J. R. Stebbins, Geo. Scott, W. C. Segur, D. Sweet, B. G. Tate, Jno. W. Tate, J. S. Tate, D. M. Thorner, Joseph Tryon, W. W. Walbridge, H. S. Waite, M. R. Wuerfel, G. A. Wittstein, Gus Williams, E. Wales, C. T. Whitaker, W. H. Watkins, George Walbridge, H. D. Woodbury, Geo. Williams, E. R. Woodward, H. D. Wilcox, M. I. Walker, W. T. Whitney, B. H. Walterhouse, J. W. Wilde, I. L. Wiltbank, W. B. Waite, H. S. Young, H. S.Young, S. M.Young, C. L.

CITY GOVERNMENT OF TOLEDO-1873. Mayor, William W. Jones ; City Solicitor, Frank H. Hurd ; Members of the Council, Wm. St. John, J. E- Bailey, Luther Whitney, Geo. Stetter, T. M. Cook, R. H. Bell, J. W. Toullerton, Geo. Meissner, Daniel Segur, R. J. Gibbons, J. McD. Roe, I. K. Seaman, J. L. Stratton, Joseph Kininger, Michael Geelan, Wm. H. Dyer President, Luther Whitney ; President, pro tem, T. M. Cook ; City Clerk, T. M. Merrill. Toledo—Banks and. Bankers - 629 MONETARY—BANKS AND BANKERS. Toledo commenced its business life at a period when the finances of the country were in a disturbed condition, growing out of the effort of the United States Bank to obtain from Congress a re-charter. During the " flush times" of 1835 And 1836, paper money ruled all values, and everybody was rich in "rags and lamp black," and " water" or " corner" lots. There then existed, on beautifully engraved maps, one continuous city from the mouth to the foot of the rapids of the Maumee river. A spirit, adverse to making money by the old methods, was rife throughout the land. The few who held to former ways of accumulation, were regarded by the multitude as "old fogies," and "behind the age." It was a common occurrence of that period for a man who bad made fortunate investments, though owning but a few hundreds the day before, to be considered worth as many thousands the day after ; but like all mania of this type, the decline of these brilliant prospects was ,generally as rapid as its rise. There were very few manufacturing or mechanical establishments. They were not in demand; and if they had been, there were none to operate them- Farmers had mostly deserted their fields ; mechanics their shops ; physicians and lawyers, to a considerable extent, their offices : and even many clergymen their pulpits,—all classes and conditions of people becoming seized with the fever of speculation, and of gathering speedy wealth by means of their -wits- Every one was rich. He indeed was a thriftless man, who, in these tunes, was not qualified- to assess his real estate at a value greater than $50,000- Old ideas of obtaining competency and wealth in fields of legitimate industry, were banished ; and old-fashioned toil was at a discount. The specie circular, issued from the Treasury Department, under Jackson's administration, was followed, by the general bank suspension under Van Buren, in May, 1837. Coin disappeared as a circulating medium. The exigencies of the times created a substitute in the form of a fractional currency then issued by almost every business man, and known as "shin plasters," reading something as follows " TOLEDO, July 4, 1838- "Good for Twenty-Five Cents, when presented in sums amounting to " Five Dollars, at my store in Toledo. JOHN DOE." Thus, every one who chose became his own banker. And this fractional currency was generally redeemed, either in goods, at enormous profits, or in Michigan bank notes, the intrinsic value of which could not be estimated by the amount promised to be paid, but proximately ascertained, by the scales paper manufacturers resort to, in the purchase of their stock. Such was the circulating medium, not only in Toledo and the Maumee Valley, but throughout the west and south, which soon followed the general bank suspension of May, 1837—the currency by which all values, for the time, were measured. Mr. Mott, in his valuable reminiscences, thus graphically sketches this period : " Hardly was the digging begun on the Ohio portion of the canal; when the financial break-down of 1837 came, involying banks and individuals in the general ruin. It is difficult to make the present generation comprehend the depth-and extent of the disaster. Real estate became worthless—worse than worthless ;—it would bring nothing ; yet, taxes were necessarily assessed upon it, which were difficult, if not impossible, of payment. Lots and lands were offered for sale for taxes ; but very small was the amount sold. This was especially the case in 1838. 1839, and 1840. The publication of the extraordinary delinquent and forfeited lists, occupied several full sheets of supplements of the Toledo Blade. It mattered little what the amount of debt one owed ;—were it ever so small, the debtor was powerless—pay he could not. It was vain to offer anything but money ; yet, money was not to be had ; and as for credit, it had no existence. The people had become demen- 630 - Toledo—Banks and Bankers. ted by the mania of speculation. The looked for rise in the value of town lots and town sites, was to have made every one rich without labor. The rise did not come, but the fall did ; and the tumble was beyond getting up from- The only rise that followed, Was in the prices of provisions and other necessaries of life- The army of speculators had become consumers, without adding anything to the common stpck. The consequently limited production was inadequate to our support. Flour doubled in price in the next year. Only those Who owed nothing, or those who had nothing, escaped the effects of the insane delusion. It was a bitter experience, but it taught practical lessons in political economy sufficiently impressive to have lasted the lifetime of every scholar, smarting under their infliction. "In few places were the effects of the crash felt as severely as in the Maumee Valley: The contractors, who had taken jobs on the canal, could not go on with their work for want of money. The State was out of funds, and short of credit, and could not pay according to contract. It was feared that the work would be stopped—and, if stopped, its resumption might be indefinite. Much anxiety was felt on the subject, and various plans -suggested to prevent such misfortune. " Subsequent to the crash of 1837, the State of Michigan enacted a general banking law, with the forlorn hope of remedying the financial trouble, and numberless banks had been started under its provisions—all of them by parties who wanted to borrow, and not one of them with any actual capital.—These concerns soon became known as the wild-cat banks. Michigan money was in poor repute in Ohio, and not generally received. "In order to prevent the suspension of the canal work, arrangements were made for loaning this wild-cat money to contractors and for the business menof the town to receive it from the workmen in payment for goods and provisions. The remedy was a desperate one, but it did keep the work' in Many cases from suspension. These banknotes were worthless ; but it was supposed or hoped they might possibly have some value. Their robin's alive character gave them a very quick circulation ; and thus this villainous trash was made serviceable, keeping along the contracts on the canal for several months, till ,the State was able to pay off the contractors. It was under such circum stances that the work, especially in the sections about Toledo, Maumee and Manhattan, was carried to completion. The wild-cat system of course soon exploded; loading the community with piles of broken bank notes, nearly as valueless as so many :pieces of blank paper. A very few of the institutions struggled along for a few years, but eventually had to succumb, for in 1843 the Supreme Court of Michigan considerately stepped in and decided the law to be unconstitutional—thus saving all further trouble, and squelching all suits and proceedings that had been commenced in the vague hope of realizing something from their so-called assets. " Some of the then residents of Toledo may recollect a handsome grey horse, owned in the city, called " wild-cat." lie was bought by one of the old citizens who is still living, for $2,200 of these bank notes, instead of $70 in par money, which was the price asked for him. "Banks were at Monroe and Adrian—but of small capitals and less means. The business men were sometimes obliged to resort to Detroit and Cleveland, and even as far as Buffalo, for money facilities. Think of these distances, with the slow modes of travel then at command. In 1843 Prentiss, Dow & Co., established a branch office in Toledo, first opening, in the second story office of the building then standing. where Markschoeffel & Bro-, near corner Monroe and Summit Streets, -now conduct business. This was followed in 184.5 by two branches of the State Bank of Ohio—the Bank of Toledo and the Commercial Bank—Chas. H. Miller, cashier of the former, and Matthew Johnson of the latter.. Miller was not successful at banking, and quit it in 1848. He then established the Toledo Republican, a Democratic free soil .sheet, conducted with considerable ability, in which he was associated with Josiah-Riley, who continued the paper some years after Miller left it. The Bank, after long struggles, Toledo—Banks and Bankers - 631 was taken hold of by strong parties, and fell in charge of Samuel M. Young, President, and Paul Jones, Cashier, under whose management it is now known as the Toledo National Bank. The Commercial Bank was still more unsuccessful, and was wound up in 1851. Its Cashier, Mr: Johnson, was United States Marshal for the Federal District of Northern Ohio under Mr. Buchanan. He died in Cleveland in 1862." Returning, finally, and for the purpose of completing the record, to the period of intoxication resulting from the flood of irredeemable bank issues and its demoralizing effects upon morals and business, when the agricultural productions of the country had become suspended to a degree that even bread-stuff's were imported from Europe; instead of being sent there, it may be mentioned as an honorable point in Toledo history that no worthless banking establishment, so common at that day, in the West and South, and organized for plunder, found welcome or hospitality within its limits. Here the old ways of business integrity struggled manfully again t the temptations of the time. A. nice sense of commercial honor, which has in all instances been the guide of men who have adjusted permanently the foundations of great cities, was the rule of the early business men of the place, and has been adhered to by their successors. One or two banks, it is true; have existed, whose assets have passed into the hands of receivers, but note-holders were secured. Having given this general Sketch, it may be stated that, in 1872-73, the banking facilities of the city are in the hands of .five National Banks, whose aggregate capital, exclusive of surplus, is, - $1,800,000 00 And private and Savings' Banks, and Loan Associations, whose capital and deposits may be stated at - $2;425,000 00 Making a total of - $4,225,000 00 The history and condition of some of the more prominent of these institutions are here briefly sketched : FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF TOLEDO. In 1851, a private bank, known as Poag & Ketcham, and in the following year, under the name of V. H- Ketcham & Co., was in operation, and continued until 1860, when the style of the firm became Ketcham, Berdan & Co. This latter organization, in 1862, was dissolved, and the First National Bank of Toledo established upon its capital—being one of the earliest National Banks organized in Ohio. Its capital now amounts to $500,000, and its surplus to $100,000. Its president, commencing as one of the first merchants, is among the oldest now in banking business in Toledo. Since the organization of this bank, very few changes leave been made in its management. Its officers now are, V. H. Ketcham, President ; M- Nearing, Vice President; S. S. Hubbard, Cashier ; Joseph Spencer, Teller ; V. H. Ketcham, M. Nearing, Geo. Spencer, Charles F. Curtis, T. B. Casey, M. Boos and S. S. Hubbard, Directors. TOLEDO NATIONAL BANK . This institution, referred to by Mr. Mott as " having passed into the hands of strong parties," is now under the management of Samuel M. Young, President; Paul Jones, Cashier; H. C. Hahn; Teller, and S. M. Young, Morrison R. Waite, P. H. Birckhead, Horace S. Walbridge, Directors. Its capital amounts to $300,000. THE SECOND NATIONAL BANK OF TOLEDO Is controlled by those among the most substantial business men of the city. The following named gentlemen compose its officers and Board of Directors : George W. Davis, President ; Joseph 'K. Secor, Vice President , Charles F. Adams, Cashier ; Nelson Todd, jr., Teller; G. W. Davis J. K. Secor, D. Coghlin, J. A. Moore, Robert Cummings, Matthew Brown, Warren Colburn, F. J King and P. F. Berdan, Directors. 632 - Toledo--Banks and Bankers. NORTHERN NATIONAL BANK. The following representative business men control this institutution : E. C. Bodman, President ; 0. S. Bond, Vice President ; F. B. Shoemaker, Cashier ; L. C. De Wolf, Teller ; and E. C. Bodman, M. Shoemaker, F. B. Shoemaker, O. S. Bond, J. H. Whitaker and W. V. Way, Directors. MERCHANT'S NATIONAL BANK. Authorized capital, $1,000,000 ; paid up capital, $500,000. This institution, also, is in the hands of strong financial parties, consisting of W. W. Griffith, President; N. M. Howard, Vice President; Chas. C. Doolittle, Cashier; Monroe C. Warn, Teller, and W. W. Griffith, J. H. Whitaker, John Cummings, J. B. Baldy, Wager Swayne, A. P. Miller, C. R. Messinger, N. M. Howard, Fred'k. Eaton, W. W. Bolles and B. Meilink, Directors. PRIVATE BANKS. In addition to the five National Banks above mentioned, Toledo has at this time four Private Banks, doing business under the following names : THE CITY BANK. This is one of the oldest private banks in Toledo—the firm being composed of Wm. Kraus and Wm. H. Smith, both having large experience in banking and of the highest financial credit. C. H. COY & CO. This firm is composed of Cyrus H. Coy and Warren. Waite, who have also been engaged in banking for several years, and command the confidence in a high degree of their patrons. THE. BANK FOR THE. PEOPLE. H. S. Walbridge, one of the most active and influential citizens of Toledo, is the proprietor of this bank, assisted by E. H. Van Hoesen as Cashier. The credit of the bank stands very high, and it is regarded as one of the most reliable moneyed institutions in the city. KEELER, HOLCOMB & CO. This firm is composed of Salmon N. Keeler, Horace Holcomb, and Elijah N. Norton, They bring to their business experience, combined with ample capital, and the credit of the bank ranks with the first. SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS. THE TOLEDO SAVINGS INSTITUTION is the oldest incorporated savings bank in Toledo. It was incorporated in May, 1868, by Hon. Richard Mott, Hon. James C. Hall, Joseph K. Secor, Frank J. Scott, Israel Hall, James M.. Comstock, Ignatius Wernert, Bernard Meilink, John T. Maher, John F. Witker and Albert E. Macomber. Among these gentlemen the public will recognize some of the oldest and most substantial business men of Toledo. The charter was obtained because " it was believed that such an institution would add largely to the capital of the city, and would be a powerful incentive to habits of industry and economy among. our large laboring population." The object was " to encourage the industrious and prudent, and to induce those who have not hitherto been such, to lessen their unnecessary expenses and to save and lay by something for a period of life when they will be less able to earn a support." The present Board of Trustees are. Hon. Richard Mott, Hon. Guido Marx, John P. Freeman, Horace S. Walbridge, Edward Malone, David R. Locke and Albert E. Macomber. The officers are, Hon. Richard Mott, President, Edward Malone, Vice President, Albert E. Macomber, Treasurer, and Wm. H. Reed, Cashier. This institution has a capital of $100,000, and its deposits, according to the last published statement, were upwards of $300,000. It is managed in the most cautious Toledo—Labor and Loan Associations - 633 and conservative manner ; its business is confined exclusively to the receipt and investment of savings deposits, upon which it pays interest at the rate of sir per cent. per annum, compounded semi-annually. No commercial or general banking business is transacted. As regards its general rules and routine of business, it coincides with the oldest and most reliable institutions of the same class in New York and New England. All depositors are required to subscribe to the by-laws of the institution,. and to give notice of the withdrawal of deposits, in case of financial excitement. The Institution discounts no commercial paper and accepts no personal securities. Its deposits are held as trust funds, and carefully invested in mortgages upon real estate in Toledo ; bonds of the city of Toledo, and United States Government bonds. The admirable custom of making an annual exhibit of its affairs for the benefit of the public is adopted. In making loans upon real estate preference is given to those who deposit with it, and who desire to build houses or purchase freehold property or remove incumbrance therefrom. About two hundred thousand dollars has for several years been loaned and re-loaned upon real estate security, and by this means some hundreds of families have been aided in securing homes. The conservative management of the Institution, together with the character of its Trustees, have secured for it the fullest confidence of the large class of depositors for whose benefit it was established. THE NORTH WESTERN SAVINGS DEPOSITORY Was incorporated in 1869 with a capital of $100,000. Its Directors are, Horace S. Walbridge, Hon. M. R. Waite, Hon. Richard Mott, Heman D- Walbridge, David Smith, A. E, Macomber and ValentineBraun. The officers are, Horace S. Walbridge, President, Hon. M. R. Waite, Vice President, and E. H. Van Hoesen, Treasurer. It receives deposits from mechanics, clerks, laborers, servants and others, and pays therefor interest at the rate of six per cent. per annum, compounded semi-annually. Its business is managed with great care, and commands the fullest confidence of the public. 'Its Directors are among the most solid business men of the city. THE MERCHANT'S AND CLERK'S SAVINGS INSTITUTION. Capital, $150,000 ; President, Matthew Shoemaker ; Vice President, Chas. L. Luce ; Treasurer, Oliver S. Bond ; Directors, Matthew Shoemaker, Chas. L. Luce, Oliver S. Bond, N. M. Howard, James Secor, Fred'k Eaton, E. H. Wright, L. M. Skidmore and John H. Whitaker. This institution has recently fitted up and removed into an elegant banking room in the building of O. S. Bond, 78 Summit street. Though youngest of its class, it is under control of some of the most substantial business men of Toledo. BUILDING LOAN ASSOCIATIONS, THE GERMAN LABORER'S SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION Was organized in 1869. The present officers are, Fred. Gradolph, President, M. Boos, Vice President, and John P. Schuck, Secretary and Treasurer ; and Jacob Landman, M. Boos, William Kraus, John A. Speyer, F. Gradolph, Charles Villhauer, Ignatius Wernert, Andrew Spross and George Stetter, Directors. These gentlemen are prominent in business circles and possess the confidence of their German fellow citizens. This is a co-operative association for the benefit of its members. It also receives deposits, upon which interest is paid. The following Building Loan Associations were also organized for the mutual benefit of all the members. All payments upon shares are loaned to members for building purposes. No deposits are received. The Toledo Savings and Building Loan Association ; Edwin Morgan, President. The Mechanic's Savings and Building Loan Association ; Wm. C- Earl, President- 634 - Toledo—Insurance Companies. The Mutual Savings and Building Loan Association ; D. A. Pease, President. The Farmer's and Mechanic's Savings and Building Loan Association; A. McMahan, Secretary and Treasurer.  The Laborer's Savings and Building Loan Association ; "Wm. W. Jones, Presi dent ; 0. S Bond, Secretary and Treasurer. The Equitable Savings. and Building Loan Association ; A. Saxauer, President. The Provident Savings and Building Loan Association. Industrial Savings and Building Loan Association ; Alex. Reed, President, O.. S. Bond, Secretary and Treasurer. INSURANCE COMPANIES. Life, Fire and Marine Irsurance.—The amount paid annually on premiums through Life Insurance Companies represented in Toledo amount to $155,000. The Guardian Mutual of New York is the only foreign Company having a member of the Board of Directors a resident of Toledo ;—and this fact gives it the character of a HOME Company, as western interests are managed, to a large extent, by this Directory. The Board is composed of gentlemen who, on the score of financial ability and character, possess a national reputation. The Executive officers consist of Walton H. Peckham, President Wm. T. Hooker, Vice President; Lucius McAdam, Secretary and Actuary ; Henry C. Clench. Assistant Secretary, and W. E. Vermilye, Medical Examiner. The Branch. Office in Toledo is in charge of Chas. P. Griffin, Esq., manager for the area embracing Western and Central Ohio, Southern Michigan and Northern Indiana, with P, F. Griffin, General Travelling Agent ; D. A. Curtis, Cashier, and Dr. Geo. W, Bowen, Medical Examiner. The Toledo Branch office is in Nos. 30 and 31, Chamber of Commerce building, embracing one of the finest suite of rooms in that splendid block. This branch has been under its present management about four years, and the gross receipts of the business within the territorial limit above named, amounted for the year ending July, 1872, to over $100,000. This Company is purely mutual—does its business on the all cash plan—makes dividends at the end of one year, which dividends may be used to reduce second payment, or to increase policy. All its policies are non-forfeiting after two payments, except the Tontine Savings Policies, which are a specialty. The assets of the Company are now over $3,('00,000. The home companies are : Home Insurance Company ; George W. Davis, President. Mutual Insurance Company of Toledo ; C. A. King, President. Germania Insurance Company of Toledo; John F. Witker, President. Fire and Marine Insurance Company. of Toledo; V. H. Ketcham, President. Toledo Mutual Life Insurances Company ; S. H. Bergen, President. Toledo Branch, Missouri Valley Life Insurance Company ; Wm. Baker, President. MANUFACTURES AND OTHER INDUSTRIES. The first of these are destined to become one of the chief sources of the wealth of Toledo. Several railway lines, which will soon be opened, will secure the delivery of coal at as cheap rates as are furnished manufacturers at any of the lake port or interior cities; and no city on the chain of lakes will have better facilities for transportation, to any part of the world, of manufactured goods. The Lake Shore and Michigan Southern railway, after their contemplated improvements are made, will give employment to from 1,000 to 1,500 men ; and a wagon shop soon to be erected, 'will employ from 600 to 1,000. Toledo—Manufactures and other Industries - 635 Some of the prominent establishments, engaged in .these important interests, are mentioned below: Artists.---Eight photograph galleries—the principal of which is managed by North & Oswald, Chamber of Commerce building. This firm, and Mr. Shoaff, of Fort Wayne,. produced the best photographs, from which the lithographs that embellish this work, were taken. W. H. Machen, Gradolph Block, has produced :works of art that have challenged the admiration ofcompetent critics at home and abroad. The Toledo Commercial, in June, 1872, had the following notice of Mr. Maclien's work : Mr. W. H. Machen, a well known artist of this city, has just completed for D. W. H. Howard, Esq. of Fulton County, two very fine companion paintings, which will be more readily understood from a brief historical statement. In 1823 Mr. Edward Howard, with his family (including Mr. D. W. H. Howard,) settled on a tract of land at the head of the rapids and on the south bank of the Maumee River, near to the site of the present village of Grand Rapids, (late Gilead) at which time the country was almost entirely new. One Of the paintings represents the log-house and surroundings of the pioneer family with the rapids in front and an almost unbroken forest on each side and in rear. Three islands appear in the river, of which one has since heen washed away by the water. On the bank opposite to the cabin appear several Indian wigwams, with two or three Indians about—the hour being too early for many of those late-risers to be out. Further up the stream and at the water's edge stand several deer, held at bay by the appearance of the elder Howard and family on the opposite shore ; while still further up. appear two wolves, having evident designs on the deer, who subsequently take fright at their known enemy and cross the stream above the log-house. Near the cabin was a piece of clear ground, which subsequently was washed away by the water. It is a truly primitive, scene, and one well calculated to enlist the love and attachment of one whose childhood is associated with it. The second painting presents the same locality as seen at this time, with all the changes which half a century has wrought. The dense forests have melted away ; Indians, deer and wolves have disappeared ; the log cabin has been supplanted by a.stone dwelling; improvement is seen on every hand, including a dam across the river, a canal on the north side, cultivated lands on both sides, and the towns of Grand Rapids and Providence in the distance. The contrast is great, but can best be appreciated by one who, like Mr. Howard, the present owner of the original ' clearing,' has from the first been identified in life and interest with it.  It was eminently fitting that local paintings like these should be executed by a home artist, and we are glad that one so fully qualified for the ,work was at hand, in which view all who examine these works will fully agree. The chief difficulty in the case grew out of the first view for which Mr. Machen was dependent upon the verbal description furnished by Mr. Howard's recollection ; but the picture shows all the naturalness of a copy from nature. Both are excellent in design and admirable in execution. Besides these. Mr. Machen has painted two scenes on Mr. Howard's homestead farm in Fulton county, eight miles from Wauseon, which are very attractive in view and most successfully painted. We much admire Mr. Howard's taste sad judgment in thus directing his attention to the collection of pictures of home life, instead of gathering views from foreign and unknown localities, chiefly valued because they are farfetched and strange. We cherish likenesses of friends and acquaintances more than those of strangers, on account of our personal relations to and knowledge of them. Why should not the same principle apply to localities ? Few people buy photographs of strangers, merely because they are handsome or odd ; no more should they seek unknown landscapes having no stronger hold on their interest and affection, especially while so many home scenes, constituting parts of our very selves; are at hand. 636 - Toledo—Manufactures and other Industries. O. J. Hopkins, the designer of the frontispiece for this volume, is an artist of rare merit and cleverness. His productions are published in the illustrated papers of the Atlantic and other cities, and his reputation as a carricaturist has a vigorous growth. Armstrong Heater Manufacturing Company-—This establishment was incorporated in January of the present year, and has erected a building fronting 33 on Summit, 132 on Locust, and an L of 50 feet, occupied as a foundry. The Company already, within the first six months of its existence, afford employment to a force of 50 men. Ales-—Finlay & Klemm manufacture a quality of ale that has achieved a market in the principal cities in Ohio and the West—their goods being shipped nearly to the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains. They produced in 1872, 15,000 bbls ; and the enlargement of their facilities now in progress, will probably enable them to double this amount during the current year. They employ an average of 30 hands. Bathing Rooms-—Three public bathing rooms, principal of which is 170 Summit street, Taylor & Freer, proprietors, having fourteen elegantly fitted rooms. Attached to this establishment is the most extensive laundry in Ohio. Beer.—The value of lager beer manufactured at five establishments in 1871 was estimated at $291,600, and the prohable amount for the current year is $408,800. Employment is given to about 155 hands. Of last year's business, the establishment of Grasser & Brand made sales amounting to $90,000. The firm, during the first year, made sales scarcely reaching $10,000. This year they will amount fully to $150,000, and their establishment, though the youngest, furnishes the largest local supply. The Toledo Brewing Company, established by the well-known Peter Lenk, was re-organized during 1871 under the following management : President, Peter Lenk ; Vice President and Superintendent, Fred. Lang ; Secretary and Treasurer, Geo. Stetter ; Directors, Peter Lenk, F. Lang, Geo. Stetter, John Groenwold and Fred. Gradolph. This is a powerful organization, and involves the consolidation with the Eagle Brewery, owned by F. Lang & Co. It will hereafter, by reason of its great resources, rank as one of the most extensive breweries in Ohio. The quality of this beer is said to compare favorably with that manufactured at Chicago, Cincinnati or Milwaukee. Shipments are made to New York City, and West to the neighborhood of Chicago- The brewery of A. Stephan & Co., also occupies a prominent position. Billiard Tables--O. D. Benjamin employs twelve hands in the manufacture of Billiard Tables, and sells work amounting to an annual value of $156,000- He also deals in Billiard materials, ten-pin balls, &c., and has an improved Billiard cushion that is superseding others hitherto in use. The quality of his work is such as to authorize the conclusion that the sceptre, so long held hy Phelan, has accompanied the star of empire westward, and is now held by Benjamin of Toledo, who has also recently established a house at Cleveland for the manufacture of his tables and improved cushions, Twenty years ago there was no establishment manufacturing billiards in Cincinnati, or in any city in Ohio. Carver and Gilder-—James Breretou & Son, 243 Summit street, conduct the only house in this line of goods, and manufacture window cornices, mantle, square, oval, walnut, gilt and rosewood frames. Cigars-—The books of the United States Assessor show that 2,889,166 cigars were manufactured last year by twenty-nine establishments, of which 2,729,229 were sold ; and that to produce this amount 55 hands were employed. The principal establishment, as exhibited by the same authority, and employing the largest force and capital, is that of Clark Scripture & Co., since become Dyer, Scripture & Bassett, corner of Monroe street and Market Space,who employ Toledo—Manufactures and other Industries - 637 twenty-six hands, and in 1870 manufactured 820,200 cigars, or nearly one-third the whole amount produced by the 29 factories Mr. Scripture commenced a small business in February, 1868, in Lenk's Block, with one operative, and manufacturing 8,000 or 10,000 per month. During the current year, at the rate of the June and July returns, the present firm will approximate a million and a quarter before the close of the year. Their principal brands are the " Board of Trade," " Overland," " Guardian," and " Little Minnie." Confectioneries—Wholesale.—Four establishments, viz : F. Gradolph & Bro., Worts & Co., Craig, Fleming & Co., and S. E. Fox, manufacture candies, and produce an annual value amounting to $55,000. Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, &c.—Fourteen establishments are engaged in these and kindred manufacture, and produce an annual value of $350,000. Flour.—Five grist mills, namely : The Toledo (Fallis & Linton,) Armada, (W. R. & W. B. Reynolds, Mich., and S. C. Reynolds, Toledo,) Pilliod's, Brown's and the Manhattan, and four at Maumee City, and one at Perrysburg —eleven in all—are engaged mostly on custom work, and employ an active force of 117 hands, and have 'a capacity for turning out nearly half -a million bbls. of flour—equivalent to a consumption of two and a half millions bushels of wheat. Hotels, &c.—Toledo contains 18 hotels and 85 boarding houses, and three hotels conducted upon the European plan : Conway's, 201 Summit street ; Van Buren's, Summit street, and Congress Hall, Adams street. Ice.—The Elevator Ice Works, on the east side of the river, put up last winter 23,000 tons. This establishment, owned by Mr. Thomas, is the largest west cf Boston, and east of Chicago. Three lesser establishments, it is estimated, secured in their houses during last winter 15,000 tons. Iron.—The Novelty Iron Works, corner of Water and Lagrange streets, established by a joint stock company in 1859, of which Messrs. Russell & Thayer, the present owners, were then prominent stock-holders, maybe considered the pioneer enterprise in the iron manufacture of Toledo. During the first year the works produced a value of $33,700 and employed 30 hands. They last year made sales amounting to over $85,000, and gave employment to an average of about 50 hands. These works handled last year over one thousand tons of iron, and, notwithstanding a damage by fire, which occurred in September, 1872, the amount will be considerably increased this year. The senior member of this firm, Mr. Russell, commenced manufacturing in Auburn, N. Y., in 1835. In 1855-56, as one of a joint stock company, he was engaged in the establishment of the first rolling mill for the manufacture of railroad iron in Cleveland. The multiplication of these works has since become one of the chief sources of the industrial wealth of that city. Since 1859, the date of his residence in Toledo, he has been active in efforts to establish, on solid foundations, this important element of the present and future wealth of Toledo. As the Cleveland Rolling Mill was, to a large extent, the nucleus of the now powerful iron manufacturing interest in that growing city, so the Novelty Works in Toledo may be regarded as the origin of the same substantial source of wealth in the city in which they are estahlished ; and what Peter Hayden has accomplished for Columbus, Messrs. Russell & Thayer may succeed in working out for Toledo. Lime, Land Plaster, &c.—Newman & Ford produce annually of these materials a value amounting to $91,500, and employ 40 hands. Lumber.—Statistics place Toledo at the head of the list of hard wood lumber markets in the world. In the year 1872, according to the report of Mr. Wales, there was received by railroad, lake and canal at Toledo, 189,069,716 feet, and manufactured at Toledo 22,250,000 feet, making a total of 211,319,716 feet. much of which was hard wood timber and lumber, and principally exported to Europe. Refering to the Board of Trade report, it also appears that A. 638 - Toledo—Manufactures and other Industries. Andrews, Jr., & Co., control to a larger degree than any othcr one firm this important interest. The business success of this gentleman has been so noteworthy as to deserve brief mention. Reaching 'Toledo seven years ago, young and friendless, with less than one hundred dollars in cash, his sagacious mind fully grasped the advantages and importance of this trade, and the result is in the above statement, and will stand as an illustration of the power of integrity and sagacity rn achieving business success. Opera House.—Among the valuable public buildings erected in Toledo within the last two years, none, perhaps, was more imperatively demanded by the public taste and more highly appreciated by the citizens, than the Opera House constructed by the heirs of the late Mr. L. Wheeler, prominent among them, and efficient in the prosecution of the work, being Mr. Louis Wachenheimer. It is an imposing stone structure, situated on the corner of Monroe and St. Clair streets. The first floor is divided into a banking office and stores, all of which are large and conveniently arranged, adapted for either the retail or jobbing trade. All the space above the first floor is occupied for the opera house. The entire huilding was constructed almost without regard to cost, and the theatre, therefore, is one of the most perfect, as well as one of the most beautiful in the country. Careful attention was given to all the details of the block, and it is one of the most important, as well as the most expensive building improvements in Toledo. Mouldings.—Osborn, Chase & Swayne are proprietors of an establishment manufacturing black walnut mouldings that give employment to about 100 hands, and turn out a yearly value reaching $120,000. Oil.—The establishment of Barney & Taylor, just erected, produces, daily, 1,400 gallons of linseed oil, and 30,000 lbs. of oil cake. It is probably the largest establishment west of Pittsburg. Pumps.—The Toledo Pump Company employ an average of 25 hands during the year, and the value of sales amount to $480,000. Real Estate Agencies.—With the rapid advance of Toledo in population and wealth, the real estate agencies have assumed importance. Twenty-two offices were devoted to the business during the year 1872 ; and all these are controlled by men of high character and influence. One whose operations have been attended with success so marked, and whose field has been almost co-extensive with the country, is that of Henry J. Raffensperger, Esq. An evidence of his appreciation abroad as well as at home, is furnished in the Chicago Land Owner for June, 1871—a publication which is accepted authority with regard to real estate matters throughout the country. Under the head of " Our Leading Men "—Henry J. Raffensperger, Esq ,"—Mr. Wing, the editor, makes this statement : " Once in a decade the financial world is astonished by the flashing athwart their horizon of a rocket of brilliant capabilities, who carries Wall street by storm, runs the stocks up and down at his august pleasure, and accumulates millions, while other men are at work zealously for the thousands. His word or look is the decree of fate in the gold room or on the Bourse. He becomes a king in his sphere, and dictates terms right and left. His great success is wondered at, scoffed at perhaps. yet admired even by his enemies. " Between such men and Hcnry J. Raffensperger, Esq., the subject of this sketch, and the accompaning portrait, there may be drawn a parallel. The real estate world has lately been convulsed by his brilliant operations, and the success which has attended his schemes. " In 1861, Mr. Raffensperger went to Toledo, Ohio, and engaged in the real estate business in that rapidly growing city. lie went to work with an energy and perseverance that could not fail at length of meeting their reward. For eighteen months he worked silently, learning the value of property in different parts of the city, studying the direction in which the city would naturally grow, Toledo—Manufactures and other Industries - 639 and where investments would be most profitable, and in various ways laying broad and deep the foundation of a large business. From the very first day that he was known as a real estate broker, he was popular in that capacity. His indomitable perseverence and strict attention to business, made those who wished either to buy or sell, feel perfect confidence in his management of their affairs, and they never had reason to regret that confidence. His genial. manners made him hosts of friends, and his sterling integrity in every business transaction retained them. " From a small beginning, Mr. Raffensperger constantly increased, but he felt ambitious to do something on a larger scale than anything he had yet engaged in. Accordingly, in the fall of 1870, he announced a grand auction sale of the lots in T. P. Brown's subdivision, of Toledo. This property was located at some distance from the city. It was laid out in lots, and a horse railroad built to the place, and put in operation. The property was then advertised extensively, in every legitimate way. When the day came it proved that Mr. Raffensperger had not miscalculated, or anticipated too much. The $2,000 invested in advertising had been well expended—the sale was a success beyond all precedent. From far and near buyers flocked to the spot, the enthusiasm was unbounded, and lots to the number of four hundred and sixty-five were sold. " The success attending this sale, led to other great auctions of city lots a few weeks after, and in distant cities, and attended with the same results. Over halt a million of dollars worth of property was sold during a two days' sale in Toledo. The skill displayed in managing these large and important sales, won the encomiums of the press in all quarters: " Toledo is certainly very much indebted to him for what he has done in making her advantages known to outsiders, and in influencing many persons to make their home there. W e are pleased to be able to add that the pecuniary results to himself, of his labors, have been satisfactory, and that he has acquired a handsome amount of property during the few years of his residence in Toledo." Mr. Raffensperger's later achievements were made at Columbus, Ohio, Utica, N. Y., Olathe, Kansas,—and for the year 1873, if morally possible to meet the demands upon him, his operations will extend from New York city to Denver.. Saws.—Two establishments manufacture, employing a force of twenty-five hands, and turning out a yearly value of $40,000. Soap and Candle Works.—Two establishments are engaged in the manufacture of soap and candles, and employ ten hands. Annual value of sales, $38,500. The establishment of John Hoffman, commencing on a small scale in 1849, now employs six hands, and produces an annual value of $28,150. .His factory and office are now located on the corner of Fifteenth and Lucas streets. The capacity of this house is equal to the production of $50,000 per annum. The establishment, since its removal from its old quarters on Monroe street, to its present location, has added largely to its business facilities. Steam Engines, Iron and Brass Castings.—In these lines of manufacture, there are four establishments, which employ an aggregate force of 300 hands, and„ in manufacture and repairs, turn out annually a value of $420,000. Tobacco.—During the year 1870 four establishments reported that they had manufactured of chewing tobacco, 1,026,721 lbs., and of smoking, 1,979,803 lbs., making a total. of 3,006,527 lbs. The increase since that year has been very large. Within the last twenty years, Toledo fine cut tobacco has occupied a high place in the markets of the country, and it yet maintains that rank, To no one is the city as much indebted for the establishment of the reputation its fine cut tobacco has attained, as to Mr. C. Bronson, the pioneer in the 640 - Toledo—Manufactures and other Industries. business, who commenced his manufacture about 1851. His capital originally amounted to only a few thousand dollars ; but by starting out with the purchase of the best stock in market, and the employment of the best skill in its manufacture, his trade within a few years increased to an immense amount, and he retired from the business January 1, 1866, and Charles H. Messinger is now his successor, producing the same brands that secured the popularity for the Bronson tobacco. Mr. Messinger's tobacco now finds a ready market in all the principal cities in the country. Within the last year his increasing business has required the erection of a new and splendid block, consisting of five floors, corner of Summit and Linn, and extending from the former to Water street. The Toledo Tobacco Works of Witker, Halsted & Co., established January, 1866, have contributed much in adding to the success of Toledo brands, and in superseding manufacturers of other cities in markets where the best quality of fine cut chewing tobacco is in special demand. As between chewing and smoking tobacco, they produce a larger per cent. of the former than any house in the trade. Their goods find their way to the principal cities in the Union, and an estimate of the increase of their business may be formed, when it is stated that notwithstanding the interruption caused by the destructive fire of last year, their sales will be double that of the year preceding. During the first year of the organization of the firm, they employed 25 hands, and now give employment to an average force of 75. Since the fire mentioned they have temporarily occupied buildings on St. Clair street, near Swan Creek bridge, but will soon erect a large brick, as near fire proof as possible, on Ottawa street, opposite the Dayton and Michigan freight depot. Wines.—The last twenty-five years have demonstrated that the islands at the head of Lake Erie are better adapted to the production of grapes for wines, than the countries adjoining the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The late Nicholas Longworth, of Cincinnati, was the first to introduce the culture of the Catawba in the Mississippi Valley, and to manufacture brands of still and sparkling wines that achieved a high reputation throughout the country. Of late years, however, it has been ascertained that the wines produced on the islands at the head of Lake Erie, in Ohio, are much superior to those from the vineyards in the neighborhood of Cincinnati, from which Mr. Longworth derived his supplies, for the manufacture of his once celebrated brands. One establishment, (Lenk & Co's., ) near Toledo, has entirely overshadowed the pioneer work of Mr. Longworth—producing, the last year, 200,000 gallons from grapes grown on the islands. This firm of Lenk & Co., have hitherto only produced still wines, but arrangements have been perfected by which, in future, they will manufacture both still and sparkling, at their establishment near Tremainville, adjoining the city limits of Toledo. Several of their casks are the largest in the United States—holding 8,300 gallons, and each valued at $1,000. It has also been demonstrated that the Catawba grape has never attained any degree of perfection except on the islands named—a fact that requires no more conclusive evidence for its establishment than the simple statement that the great houses of Bogen & Son and M. Work & Sons, Cincinnati, and the American Wine Co., St. Louis, purchase the grapes, from which their best brands are made, from the island vineyards. At the Cincinnati Exposition of 1872, E. T. Mortimer, proprietor of the Bayview vineyard, Put-in-Bay, received the first prizes of two silver medals for the best brands of wines manufactured from Catawba and Delaware grapes. Added to those enumerated, there are two manufacturers of awnings ; fifteen bakers ; two of baking powders ; three of barrels, staves and headings ; six of bent works ; three of bird cages ; one of bitters ; one of blacking ; twenty-eight blacksmith shops ; six blank book manufacturers and three book binders ; four boat builders ; three hoiler makers; six box manufacturers ; six brick yards ; two bridge buildcrs ; nine builders and contractors; four cabinet, Toledo—Mercantile Business - 641 manufacturers ; one railroad car wheel manufactory ; six carpet weavers ; .five carriage shops, in addition to the Toledo Wheel Company; four children's carriage shops ; three chair factories ; one coffee and spice factory ; two of cornices ; one distillery.; forty-nine dress-makers ; seven furniture manufactories ; one of iron railings ; two of lime ; one map publisher, (John B. Marston;) nine machine shops ; one perfumery manufactory ; one pocket book manufactory; two plow manufactories ; one of pumps and tubing ; one of rakes ; seven of sash, doors and blinds ; thirty of shoes ; one sorghum mill ; one manufacturer of spring bed bottoms ; four of steam engines ; two of trunks ; three of vinegar ; fourteen of wagons ; one of wooden ware and one of yeast. In ship building, there is employed an average force of 225 hands. COMMENCEMENT AND PROGRESS OF MERCANTILE BUSINESS. Almost simultaneous with the opening of business in Toledo, merchants offered their goods at wholesale, as well as at retail. There then being no artificial means of transportation—no canals, railways, McAdamized, plank, or even graded and turnpike roads, by which interior towns could be reached, it may be inferred that "the wholesale department" was confined to narrow limits, and supplied only a 'few river and lake shore places, and others which could only be, with much difficulty and expense, reached when the surface was made solid by the action of winter temperature.. The stocks of those old merchants embraced all lines of goods. A stranger in Toledo, seeking the purchase of a pair of boots, would be referred to establishments where he would also probably find dry goods, saddlery, groceries, crockery, hardware, notions, cigars, patent medicines, liquors, peltries, ready-made clothing, tobacco, Indian goods, etc., etc. He would discover a " general assortment." The contents of any of these old stores, however, would not invoice as much as any average retail dealer now engaged in a single line of goods in Toledo. The first store was opened by Lewis Godard, in the Vistula division, in 1831. The first wholesale firm, of considerable prominence, was established by Titus & Co., in 1837, in the building then standing upon the ground now occupied by the Novelty iron works, on Water street. It was then a ware house,—the lower story being used by Poag & Morse, for their commission and forwarding business, and Titus & Co. occupying the second floor for their "wholesale trade,—their principal clerk being the late Gideon W. Weed. Titus & Co. also conducted a retail branch house on the corner of Locust and Summit streets. In the year 1839, V. H. Ketcham opened a wholesale establishment, having conducted, during the previous three years, a retail business most of the time, in partnership with Levi Snell—the firm name being Ketcham & Snell. The last named gentleman (Mr. Snell), in 1835, had opened a merchant tailoring establishment, and continued this business until 1836, when he entered the partnership just mentioned. From 1839, Mr. Ketcham remained in the jobbing and retail trade, having, in 1843, taken his clerk, Joseph K. Secor, as a partner, and, in 1854, transterred the stock and business of the firm of Ketcham & do., to Secor, Berdan & Co. The next house of considerable dimensions, and devoted exclusively to the wholesale of groceries, was that of Charles O'Hara, in Mott's block, established in 1843, During this year, also, D. Swift & Co. (the junior partner being T. H. Hough), opened a large establishment in the same block, embracing diversified lines of goods—the business name being successively changed to T. H. Hough, T. H. Hough & Co., Hough & Hall, and finally to T. H. Hough & Co. (the - 40 - 642 - Toledo—Mercantile Business. junior member of the last mentioned firm having been Mr. W. H. Buckman). Mr. Hough died in Connecticut, in October, 1872. Alexander Ralston & Co. started the drug business in the spring of 1844, in Mott's block, corner of Monroe and Summit streets, doing considerable jobbing. Ralston sold out to his partner, S. Linsley, and continued the same line till his death, in 1853, when the firm became Charles West & Co., now West & Truax, Kraus & Reamer were the first clothing jobbers, or that followed that business exclusively. In 1853, Church, Hayes & Co. opened a large stock of general merchandise, which they offered at wholesale exclusively. The present house of Whitaker & Phillips was established 'in 1844, under the name of Kirkland & Whitaker. Since the decease of Mr. Hough, Mr. Whitaker holds the rank of the senior wholesale merchant in Toledo. The firm of Bell & Deveau, which commenced business under the auspices of New York parties, October 1, 1847, was " an event" in the business history of Toledo. Its trade was strictly confined to jobbing, and sales the first year ran up to $55,000—a sum total then regarded as immense. The lines embraced dry goods, notions, groceries, crockery, leather, nails, glass, etc. Their purchases were made in October, for the winter and spring trade, and designed to be sufficient in amount to meet the demands of their customers until the opening of the following navigation season, transportation being then only by water. In 1853, the firm was changed to Bell, Deveau & Co. (the Co. being W. S. B. Hubbell). In 1856, Mr. Bolles became a partner, and the firm name was Bolles, Bell & Hubbell. In 1858, the stock was divided—Bell, Holcomb & Co. retaining the groceries, and Mr. Bolles retiring with the dry goods. In 1861, the grocery firm was Bell & Holcomb, and, in 1884, the late firm of Bell & Emerson was formed. Mr. Bell retired from business in 1872. It was not until the spring of 1861, that Secor, Berdan & Co., the last of the jobbers who had been carrying a variety of stocks, separated their goods, and thenceforward confined their business to the wholesale of one line—and from this date the wholesale and retail trade assumed the form of distinct classification and branches. Near this date (1861), the trade of Toledo had attained something like metropolitan proportions, as well as arrangements ; and, in his report of 1872, Mr. Wales, Secretary of the Board of Trade, estimated the business of the jobbing and commission houses, for the year 1871, at $76,406,199 00. Taking a retrospect of the trade of Toledo, which commenced at a period when a vitiated and infiated paper currency offered peculiar bounties to all schemes of reckless adventure, it may be truthfully stated that no town or city in the west can exhibit a fairer record, as regards general solvency, and honest commercial dealing. And it may be proper to add, that the most substantial men in Toledo, now retired, or in active business, made their accumulations here. A view of the general business, in the summer of 1836, may be partly gathered from the advertisements which appeared in the Toledo Blade, dated June 29. 1836—tht date closing the 25th No., 1st Vol., of the paper. Those who then vertised merchandise, were Daniels & Goettel, W. J. Daniels & Co., and J.:Baldwin & Co. Peckham & Co. are the only forwarders who advertise. Mosher & Scoville, one door west of the Mansion House, advertise drugs, medicines, and groceries. Dr. John W. Gilbert & Co. advertise botanic medicines. Among the early merchants, also, were Dr. Jacob Clark, who opened a store in 1835 ; A. Kraemer, corner Summit and Elm, opposite the old American; and, about 1837, Ezra S. and William Dodd. The mercantile business in Toledo, wholesale and retail, is how, as it has been heretofore, as a rule, in the hands of men who have promptly met their Toledo—Mercantile Business - 643 obligations. This maintenance of faith, and scrupulous regard for just claims, on the part of merchants, bankers, manufacturers, etc., is a matter of just pride to all interested in the present and future of Toledo. A few of the prominent houses are here briefly mentioned : Agricultural Machines, implements, &c.--Three establishments deal in these lines of goods, and make annual sales amounting to $160,000. The oldest and largest house now engaged in the trade is conducted by P. T. Clarke & Sons. Books.—The first book store in Toledo was established by the late Decius Wadsworth. in 1844 ; and the character of his stock at that early day reached a. high standard, creditable alike to him and to the tastes of the Toledo public. The four establishments now engaged in the trade average stocks that will compare favorably with those of any city. These stores make annual sales amounting to $80,000. During Mr. Wadsworth's time, when he controlled the whole trade, his annual sales did not average $8,000. Boots and Shoes.—Four wholesale houses in 1870 reported sales amounting to $1,387,435. Add to this about 35 per cent. for the current year, and it will afford an approximation of the true amount. Of the sales in 1870, one-third were from the house of R. & J. Cummings & Co. Their present year's business will probably reach fully a million and a half. The house was established in 1858—the firm then being O.. S. Bond & Co., and its wholesale business at that time not reaching the amount of many retail dealers now in the. trade. The rapid growth of this house, from comparatively small beginnings, is an evidence of the advances now making in all the jobbing branches in Toledo. The house of Fuller, Childs & Co., of which Dr. S. S. Stambaugh is the "Co.," is also one of importance in the trade, as are also those of Burgert & Hart, and Wright, Taylor & Croninger. In the retail trade in boots and shoes, of the twenty-nine establishments engaged in it, the oldest and most prominent house, and controlling a trade peculiar to itself, is owned by Wachter Bros., whose business places are 149 Summit street, (where a boot and shoe store has existed over 20 years, and now the ninth year in the hands of its present occupants,) and 230 St. Clair street, the latter branch having been recently opened. The peculiarity of their relation to the trade exists in the reputation they have achieved for handling fine goods—having obtained from Edwin C. Burt, the New York manufacturer, who received the prizes at the " Exposition Universelle," Paris, 1867, of the silver medal for his work, the agency for the exclusive sale of his goods in Toledo. This circumstance alone secures to Wachter Bros- not only the choicest home trade, but commands orders from those who appreciate the style and quality of Burt's goods, frOm a distance. The sales at their two establishments during the past year reached nearly $80,000. Carpetings, House Furnishing Goods, &c.—A sketch of the history of the old firm, established in 1843, under the name of D. Swift & Co., and closing with the name of T. H. Hough & Co., in consequence of the decease of the senior partner in October, 187z, has already been given. After the death of Mr. Hough, the junior and surviving partner of the firm, Mr. Buckman, opened negotiations with Hon. A. P. Edgerton, at Fort Wayne, which resulted finally in the re-organization of the present house, known as W. H. Buckman & Co. Under the auspices of a name so potential in business circles in all the centres of trade in this country as that of Mr. Edgerton, and sustained by him, the new house of W. H. Buckman & Co. is destined probably, for years to come, to exercise a controlling influence in the sales of the above lines of goods. Clothing.—In addition to the wholesale establishment mentioned, there are fifteen houses engaged in sales of ready made clothing ; and most of these manufacture. Wm. Mabley, 153 Summt street, is prohably the most extensive dealer, being one of four brothers who have heavy stocks at Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, Pontiac, Flint, Jackson and Battle Creek, and whose saes 644 - Toledo—Mercantile Business. reach about -$1,500,000 annually. The Toledo house last year reached about $90,000, and the current year will exceed $150,000. Their business being upon such an enlarged basis, they have unusual advantages in purchases, resulting in benefit to their customers. Dry Goods—Retail—Twenty-one stores are engaged in this trade, whose aggregate sales amount to $835,000 Drug Stores.--In addition to the two wholesale, there are twenty-nine retail establishments engaged in the sale of drugs and medicines. As will be noticed by a statement of Mr. Mott, the one now conducted by Thomas Vanstone, successor. to West & Vanstone, is the oldest established house in the trade. Furs, Wool, Hides, Pelts, Plastering Hair, &c.—Four firms are engaged in these lines 'of trade, some of them including leather, and in 1870 their aggregate sales were reported at $912,105. Samuel Brooks, who died January 24, 1873, established the first house in the trade in 1849. His successors are his son, Chas. L. Brooks and Wm. H. Lewis, who continue the business under the firm name of Brooks & Lewis. The receipts of hides in 1872 exceeded those of any previous year, amounting to 8,171,795 lbs., and of wool to about 3,000,000 lbs. Groceries.-107 houses are engaged in the sale of family groceries, and their annual sales estimated at $1,300,000. Jewelers.—Of the eight jewelry establishments in Toledo, most carry large stocks. The oldest and most prominent, however, is owned by H. T. Cook & Co., the senior member of which firm is also among the oldest business men in Toledo. The stock of this firm is one of the largest and most varied that can be found in any jewelry establishment in the State, and carries a larger value in goods than the aggregate of all the other jewelry establishments in Toledo. Liquors, Wines, &c.—Eleven establishments were engaged in this trade in 1870, and according to the returns made to the U. S. Assessor's office, rectified 4,578 bbls. Alcohol and Spirits of Wine, although generally considered the same, are materially different. Alcohol is whiskey, distilled to its highest grade of proof, and is employed in the mechanic arts, as the basis of essences and medical tinctures and as a solvent in various manufacturing operations. Neutral or Cologne Spirit, is the same article in point of strength, but divested, in its manufacture, of all empyreumatic odor and taste. It forms the basis of domestic brandies, gins, &c. In the business of rectifying, the firm of R. Brand & Co., 86 Monroe st., occupy the front rank, as well as having precedence in age. The house was established in 1849. Of the 4,578 bbls. of Spirits rectified, in 1870, 1,062 were produced by them. The Board of Trade report also exhibits their annual sales in excess of all others engaged in the trade. This firm were the first to introduce and encourage the use of native wines, in this quarter of Ohio—and may, therefore, be considered among the pioneers, in the native wine trade. For certain medical purposes, however, imported wines have been discovered to be indispensihle ; and hence, in 1867, Hon. G. Marx, senior member of the firm, visited Spain, France, Germany and Hungary, and perfected arrangements for direct importations from the best vine-growing districts in those countries ; and yet continue, as the custom house books show, larger importers than any house in Chicago, St. Louis, Cincinnati, or in any, city west of the Atlantic coast. They receive direct consignments from Barcelona, Valencia, Malaga, Cadiz, Xeres de la Frontera (in Spain,) Cettes, and Nimes and Bordeaux in France. This was also the first Toledo jobbing house that engaged in the Lake Superior trade, to which region they last year shipped goods amounting to $35,000. In this line of goods, M. & C. O'Brien & Co., L. A. Fontaine & Co., M. H. Austin & Co., Foster V. Wilder, Melchers & Lohmann, M. Boos & Son, and several others, are also extensive wholesale dealers. Toledo—Some of its Business Men in 1873 - 645 Saddlery Hardware, Trimmings, &c.—Three firms are -engaged. in this important hranch of the wholesale trade—the sales in 1872 amounting to $335,- 857 ; and the business is increasing. Sewing Machines.--Twelve of these inventions are represented in the city, and making annual sales reaching fully $500,000. Teas.—The conclusion is not irrational that the great depot of the China tea trade will find its centre in some of the interior cities of this continent. The opening of railway lines to the Pacific, and from that coast direct steam communication with China and Japan, will end controversy. Toledo, in addition to several wholesale grocery estahlishments, dealing in teas, has two houses almost exclusively devoted to this trade. Messrs. Ogle Brothers, Campbell Block, corner of St. Clair and Jefferson streets, are engaged extensively in jobbing and retailing teas and coffees, and make shipments of their goods to many of the prominent lake and canal ports, as well as to cities and towns along the railway lines that lead from Toledo. In addition to those above mentioned, there are the following : three china, glass and queensware stores ; four wholesale and twenty-one retail dry goods stores ; six wholesale fancy goods stores; twenty-five flour and feed stores ; six jobbers in foreign fruits: in men and women's furnishing goods, there are twenty-three dealers and twelve in household furniture ; four in general merchandise; seven in glass ; six in hair goods; four in baled hay ; eleven in hides, i pelts and wool ; two in hops; four in lath and shingles ; five (whole-sale) n leather and findings; twenty-three in lumber; four in wholesale; and thirty-one in retail millinery goods ; seven in musical instruments ; seven in paints, oils and glass, and two in wood and willow ware. The following is a list of some of the prominent and representative men in Toledo, in 1873, with the character of business annexed to their several names, which list comprehends those who, at this time, chiefly control the Commission, Banking, Manufacturing, and other leading interests in the city. It is a matter of regret that time was not afforded to make the list more complete. A. ANDREWS, Jr-, Lumber. AMERICAN FARM JOURNAL,—Monthly —Looms & JONES, Publishers, Wm. H. BUSBEY, Editor. CLARK AUCHARD. Real Estate Agent; Office,2 Anderson's Block, over 131 Summit street A. T. BABBITT & CO. Wholesale Dealers in Hats and Caps, and Men's Furnishing Goods, 126 and 128 Summit street. H. E. BANGS, of the firm of W. T. WALKER & Co., Commission Merchants, 116, 118 -and 120 Water street. L. S. BAUMGARDNER & Importers and Wholesale dealers in CO.,Notions. Hosiery and Fancy Goods, 124 and 126 Summit street. A. W. BARLOW & CO , Wholesale and Retail Crockery, China and Glassware, 71 and 73 Summit street. P. H. BIRCKHEAD, Dealer in Staves and Headings, Water street, foot of Lagrange Busine s established in 1853. BISSELL, GLEASON & Co.., Attorneys at Law, and Real Estate Agents, 152 Summit street-—EDWARD BISSELL, ALFRED W. GLEASON, JOHN H. DOYLE, WESLEY S. THURSTIN, MCKEE I, MILLARD, and RICHARD M. McKee BLACK & HOFMAN, Manufacturers of Ladies' and Children's Underwear and Suits ; and Jobbers of Hosiery, Fancy Goods and Notions, 84 and 86 Summit street. C. E. BLIVEN, General Agent Howard Insurance Company, of New York.— Office. King's Block, Water street. E. C. BODMAN, President Northern National Bank. BOND & ALLERDICE. Dealers in Hides, Wool, Pelts, &c , 161 and 163 Water st. THOMAS E. BOND, JOSEPH ALLERDICE. BOWES & HOWELL, Dealers in Hides. Pelts, Furs, and Plastering Hair, 246 and 248 Water street. BRAUN & COLTON, General Insurance Agents, 33 Monroe street. CHARLES O. BRIGHAM, Chief Operator WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH, Superintendent City Fire Alarm Telegraph, and Agent Western Ass'd Press. Room, 4 Chamber of Commerce. ED. F. BROWNE & CO, Produce Commission Merchants, 74 Water street. BRONSON TOBACCO WORKS; CHAS. R. MESSINGER, Proprietor, Manufacturer of Fine Cut Chewing and Smoking Tobacco, 272 and 274 Summit street. 646 - Toledo--Some of its Business Men in 1873. BROOKS & LEWIS, Dealers in Hides, Wool, Sheepskins, Furs, &c., 112 and 114 Superior street. Market Space. T. P. BROWN, Real Estate Dealer, and general Fire Insurance Agent, 52 Summit. street- BROWN & DODGE, Insurance Agents, 154 Summit street—E. O. BROWN, F. B. DODGE. BROWN & FAUNCE, Wholesale and Retail Booksellers and Stationers, 115 Summit street MATTHEW BROWN, firm of BROWN & SINCLAIR, Commission Merchants, 112 Water street. BURNAP & LEBARON, Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Crockery, China and Flint Glassware, Lamps, Carbon Oil, Table Cuttlery. and Silver-Plated Ware, 96 Summit and 51 Water streets. SAM'L L. BURNAP, DELOSS C. LEBARON. LUCIUS LILLEY, Special JAMES H. CAMPBELL, Dealer in Real Estate, Campbell's Block. CARRINGTON & CASEY, Commission Merchants, Water street JOHN B. CARSON, General Freight Agent T, W. & W Railway CHESNEY & CARSON, 83 Summit street, Dealers in Crockery, Glass and China, Gas Fixture, &c. P. T. CLARKE & SONS, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Farm Machinery, Seeds, Hardware and English and American Garden Tools, Contractors' Supplies. &c., 250 Ind 252 Summit St P. T. CLARKE. Sylvania, A. H. & W. R. CLARKE, Toledo. J. COPLAND & SON, Lumber Dealers and Manufacturers, cor. Oak & Water sts. A. W. COLTON, Commission Merchant, foot of Jefferson street. T. M. COOK Real Estate Agent and Dealer. Residence. Cook's Block. Office, 152 Summit street, A. W. COLTON, Commission Merchant, foot of Jefferson street. J. CROWELL & CO., Fish Dealers, Water street CYRUS H. COY, firm of Banking House of C. H. COY & Co., Chamber of Commerce Building, 140 Summit street. CRAY & ROOD, Wholesale Carriage and Saddlery Hardware, 32 & 34 Summit st. R. & J. CUMMINGS, Wholesale Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, 120 and 122 Summit street. ROBERT & JOHN CUMMINGS, and J. H. AINSWORTH . DAILY AND WEEKLY EXPRESS, established January 1st, 1853. — JULIUS VORDTRIEDE, Editor; JOSEPH BENDER, Publisher. GEO. W. DAVIS, Pres't Second Nat'l Bank.. F. EATON, (established in 1857,1 Wholesale and Retail Dry Goods, Carpets, &c., Summit street. GEORGE EMERSON, of the firm of EMERSON & CO., Wholesale Grocers, 142, 144 and 146 Summit street. FINLAY & KLEMM, Brewers of Ale and Porter, and Dealers in Malt and Hops, Corner of Elm and Water street. E. H. FITCH, Attorney at law, and Dealer in Real Estate, Corner of Summit and Jefferson streets. L.A. FONTAINE & CO., Agents for “Lenk Wine Company's" Native Wines; also, Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Foreign Wines and Liquors, 176 Summit street FULLER, CHILDS & CO , Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in Boots and Shoes 100 Summit street.—J. W. FULLER. T. W. CHILDS S. S. STAMBAUGH.  C. GERBER & CO. Wholesale Hardware, 128 Summit, and Water street GERMAN LABORERS' LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION receives deposits, on which it pays six per cent. interest — FRED. GRADOLPH, Pres. J. P. SCHUCH, Sec. and Treas. BENJ. W. GOODE, firm of CRABBS, GOODE & Co., Grain Commission Merchants, 1 Board of Trade F. GRADOLPII & BRO., Wholesale and Retail Confectioners, and Dealers in Fruits, Wines and Cigars, 85 Summit street. GREAT WESTERN DESPATCH COMPANY & SOUTH SHORE FREIGHT LINE, 23 Madison street. —J. C MORSE, Ag't. CHARLES P. GRIFFIN, Real Est ,to and Insurance, 30 and 31 Chamber of Commerce. W. W GRIFFITH, President Merchants' National Bank GURLEY, COLLINS & CO., Dealers in Hides, and Manufacturers of Rough Leather, 131 and 133 Water street. ISAAC N. HATHAWAY & SO NI, Commission Merchants, corner Jefferson and Water streets-. H. J. HAYES & CO , Produce Commission Merchant, 82 Water street. — H.. J. HAYES. JOSEPH KININGER. HERRMAN BROTHERS, Wholesale Dealers in Midinery, Silks and Straw Goods, 72 Summit street. HITCHCOCK & WALBRIDGE, Manufacturers Sash, Doors, Blinds and Mouldings. N. M. HOWARD, of firm of N. N. HOWARD & Co., Commission Merchants, Water street. F. HUBBARD & CO-, Leather, Findings, Hides and Wool, 66 Summit street WM. N. JOHNSON, Boots and Shoes, 203 Summit street. KEELER & LYMAN, Planing Mill ; Dealers in Dressed Lumber. Water street.— THEO KEELER, H. C. LYMAN. KELLEY BROS., Real Estate Dealers, No- 11 Chamber of Commerce.—JAMES KELLEY. DR. WM . I. KELLEY. KELSEY, LAWTON & CO.. Wholesale Dealers in Lumber, Shingles and Lath, St. Clair St. V. H. KETCHAM, Pres't First Nat'l Bank. J. B. KETCHAM, of firm of KETCHAM, BOND & CO., Wholesale Grocers, 36 and 38 Summit Street. C. A. KING & CO., Commission Merchants, and proprietors of King's Warhouse and Elevators. J. KININGER, of -firm of H- J. HAYES & CO., Commission Merchants, Water street KRAUS & SMITH, Bankers, Chamber of Commerce Building LENK WINE COMPANY, Manufacturers of Still and Sparkling Native Wines. Directors :—CARL LENK, LOUIS WACH- Toledo—Some of its Business Men in 1873 - 647 ENHEIMER, F. GRADOLPH, PETER LENS and WILLIAM WEISS. LOCKE'S NATIONAL MONTHLY MAGAZINE LOCKE & JONES, Publisher ; D. R. LOCKE, and Wm. H. BUSSEY, Editors. H. P. L. MACHEN, JR., Real Estate Agent and Dealer Room 9 Gradolph B1 ck, corner Summit and Jefferson streets. WM. MABLEY, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Ready-Made Clothing, Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods, Hats and Caps, 53 Summit street. MACUMBER, MOORE & McDONNELL, Real Estate, 48 Summit street. ARNOLD McMAHAN, Dealer in Real Estate, East Side. MARKSCHEFFEL & BRO., Wholesale Grocers, importers and Commission Merchants. and w holesale eaters in Liquors, Wines and Whiskies, 41 Summit street, and 29 and 31 't onr: e street. J. B. MARSTON, Civil Engineer and Sur veyor, Publisher of City and County Maps. Established 1.53. Rooms. 1 and 2 Campbell's Block, corner St. Clair and Jefferson streets. B. MEILINK & CO., Manufacturers, and Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Furniture and Upholstery. Sales-room and Office, 204 Summit street MILMINE & BODMAN, Forwarding and commission Merchants, Water street. —GEO. MILMINE, E. C. BODMAN JAMES B. MONROE, General Agent Dayton and Michigan Railway, Ottawa St. E. T. MORTIMER, Summit str. et, Manufacturer or the Bay-view brand of Native Wines. Vineyard and Menufactory Put-in-Bay Island. RICHARD MOTT, Toledo. Ohio. L. E. MULFORD, Prescription Druggist, 139 Summit street, corner Madison. J. I. NESSLE, General Purchasing Agent T., W. & W Railway. NEWMAN & FORD, Manufacturers of Genoa White Lime, Dealers in Land Plaster, Calcined Plaster, Cement, &c. .Warehouse and Office, foot of Washington street, on Swan Creek. F. L. NICHOLS, Real Estate; Office, Boody House. NORTH & OSWALD, Practical Portrait and Landscape Photographic Artists. All kinds of Pictures known to the Profession, executed in a satisfactory manner sort in the latest styles. Studios, 32 and 33 Chamber of Commerce. OGLE BROS.,Proprietors Toledo Tea Store, 46 Jefferson. and 176 St. Clair street. PADDOCK BROS., Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Hats. Caps, Furs and Straw Goods. Retail Store, 125 Summit; and Wholesale. 80 Summit street. J. R. PAGE & CO., Wholesale Dealers in Window and Plate Glass, Paints, Oils, &c. &c., 88, 90 and 92 St Clair street. WILLIAM PETER, Toledo, Ohio, HENRY PHILIPPS, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Hardware in all its branches, 54 and 56 Summit, and 7 and 9 Water st. C. B. PHILLIPS, of WHITAKER, PHILLIPS & Co., Wholesale Hardware, 102 Summit and 59 Water street. N. W. PLAIN, firm Of PLAIN, WILLIAMS & Co, Wholesale Drugs and Liquors, 141 and 143 St Clair street. POE & BREED, Manufacturens and Dealers in Wood ana Willow Ware, t ordage, Brushes Fancy Ba kets, Children's Cabs. Carts, &c., 62 Summit, and 15 Water street.—J. NEWTON POE, WILLIAM BREED GEO. E. POMEROY & SON, Real Estate A ents and Money Brokers, 168 Summit street. PROUTY & ARBUCKLE, Agricultural Machinery and implements, 79 and 81 Monroe street. H. J. RAFFENSPERGER, Dealer in Real Estate. Selling large tracts at Public Auction a specialty. Office, No. 1, Myers' Block, c r Summit and Monroe. RAYMER & SEAGRAVE, Bankers and Real Estate Dealers, and Negotiators of Loans on rea estate securities. Office, First Natl Hank Building, Summit st. GEO. RAYMOND, with E. C. SMITH & Co., Commission Merchants, Water street. REED & HUBERS, Wholesale and Retail Druggists, 91 Summit, cor. Jefferson st OTTO REIDEMEISTER, Just c of the Peace, Notary Public, and Insurance Agent, 6 Lenk's Block. REYNOLD & BROS Commission Merchants and proprietors Armada Flour Mills. R. F. RUSSELL, firm of Russell & THAYER, Founders, and Proprietors of Novelty Iron Works. H. W. SAGE & CO., Manufacturers of Pine Lumber and Lath; also, Dealers in Hardwood Lumber, 22 Frie street. Mill at Wenona, Mich. Yards at Toledo, Buffalo, Albany, and New York. C. H. SAWYER & CO, Dealers in Lime, Cement Plaster, and Sewer Pipe, 16 Water street. S. C. SCHENCK, Agent for Anthracite Coal Association, and Dealer in all kinds of Coal; on Water St., between Walnut and Locust, and on Water, cor. Adams street. JOSEPH. SCHOLL Prescription Druggist. WM. H. SCHROEDER, Furnishing Undertaker, Sole Agent for I. C . Shules & Co , and American Burial Case Co. Office. 216 Summit street FRANK J. SCOTT, Real Estate, 11 Chamber of Commerce, W. H. SCOTT, Real Estate, 154 First National Bank Building. SCRIPTURE, BASSETT & CO. Cigar Manufacturers, corner Market Space and Monroe street. SECOR, BERDAN & CO., Wholesale Grocers, 116 and 118 Summit street. SHAW & BALDWIN, Jobbers of Notions, White Goods &c., 90 and 92 Summit St. W. W. SHERWOOD, CALVIN BARKER, & Wm. SCHANSENBACH, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Millinery, and Ladies' Furnishing Goods, 109 Summit street. WILLIAM SIEGERSON & Co., Dealers in Real Estate; on Commission and otherwise, 217 St. Clair St., Boody House. JOHN SINCLAIR, firm of BROWN & SINCLAIR, 112 Water street. L. M. SKIDMORE & CO., Hardwood Lumber and of the firm a PARSONS, SKIDMORE & Co., Toledo Hames Manufacturing Co. 648 Toledo—Some of its Business Men in 1873. SMITH BRIDGE COMPANY. Bridge Builders. R. W SMITH Pres't, J. J. SWIGART, Treas., J. A. HAMILTON, SEC'Y, D. HOWELL. Engr. Office, Chamber of Commerce Building. DENISON B. SMIMH,General Commission Merchant for the purchase of Grain, Flour, Provisions, &c. JONA. SMITH & CO., Brass Founders and Machinists, and Dealers in Metals. Machinery and Tools, 81 & 83 St Clair st. SMITH, KELLEY & CO., Wholesale Dealers and Manufacturers of Lumber, Lath and Shingles, Lafayette street. DAVID SMITH, W. H. SMITH. Manufacturers of Dimension Timber of all kinds, Water street SMITH & SIMMONS, Wholesale Dealers in Leather and Findings, Hides, Oils and Currier's Tools. 70 Summit street—O.C. SMITH, WM. H. SIMMONS. ALEXANDER P. STEWART, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in American, British, French and German Dry Goods, 121 Summit street. A. R STONE & CO.,Auctioneers and Commission Merchants, 199 Summit street. —W. C. ALEXANDER. Auctioneer. ST. JOHN & BUCK. Wholesale Dealers in Fresh and Salt Fish ; Water, foot of Cherry street.—Wm. ST. JOHN, PLYMPTON BUCK ST. JOHN & NORTON, Real Estate Dealers, corner Summit and Cherry streets. WM. ST JOHN, JOHN G. NORTON. SUNDAY MORNING SUN, JOHN A. LANT, Editor. B. G. SWEET & CO. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in all kinds of Coal, Iron, &c., corner Monroe and Water streets. AUGUSTUS B TABER, Agricultural Implements, Machinery and Seeds, 140, 142 and 144 Superior street. L. T. THAYER of the firm of RUSSELL & THAYER. Founders and Proprietors of the Novelty Iron Works, Water St. THE INDEX, F. E. ABBOT, Editor. THORN BROTHERS & CO., Chair Manufacturers, Erie street. TOLEDO BLADE—Daily, Weekly and Triweekly. Locum & Jones, Publishers ; Chief, D. R. LOCKE, Editor in hief, E. A. HIGGINS. Associate Editor TOLEDO CHEMICAL WORKS; B. F. HOLLISTER, President, H. C. RICHARDS, Vice President; R C SPOHN, Superintendent, L. E. BASSETT, Secretary and Treasurer. TOLEDO MORNING COMMERCIAL, — CLARK WAGGONER. Editor in-Chief. TOLEDO COMMERCIAL CO., Publishers. 175 and 177 Summit street. Also issue Tri-weekly and Weekly, TOLEDO DEMOCRAT: A. J. BEBOUT, Manager; E. S. DODD, ISAAC RAGEY Editors; V. J. ZAHM, Supt. Printing Department. TOLEDO, SUNDAY JOURNAL, P. H.. BATESON. Publisher. TREPANIER & COOPER. Wholesale and. Retail Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, Notions, &c., 101 Summit street. UNION MANUFACTURING CO., (R. S. JANNEY, Pres't, and L. F. LITTLE, Sec'y) Manufacturers of Churns, Wash-boards, Boys' Carts, and Wagons, and Kitchen Woodenware. M. O. WAGGONER, Real EState Agent, bays, sells, rentS and pays taxes; also, sells Jerome Kidder's Galvanic Batteries. Office, 16 Madison street, Finlay's Building. H. S. WALBRIDGE, Banker, 160 Summit street. WILLIAM T. WALKER, of firm of W. T. WALKER & Co., Commission Merchants, 116, 118 and 120 Water street. J. W. WALTERHOUSE, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Pine Lumber, Shingles and Lath ; Water street, between Adams and Oak. WEED SEWING MACHINE CO., Ware house 222 Summit street. Retail Department, Boody House. A. E. DICKINSON, Manager. J H. WHITAKER. firm of WHITAKER, PHILLIPS & Co., Hardware Dealers, 102 Summit street. WHITAKER & FRENCH, Wholesale Carriage and Saddlery Hardware, 104 Summit street. WHITE & BRAND, General Agents and Dealers in Decker Bros.' and W. Knabe & Co's Pianos, and Burdett Organs; Music Publishers, and Dealers in Amer. lean and Foreign Music, and Musical Merchandise of every-description. 173 Summit Street. WILCOX BROTHERS, Ship Chandlers— Wholesale-64 and 66 Water street. WILLIAMS & BOAKE, Manufacturers of Chairs, 149 to 155 Water street.—HARRY WILLIAMS. JAMES H. BOAKE. WORTS & CO., Wholesale Bakers and Confectioners, 805 St. Clair street.—GEORGE WORTS, ALBERT KIRK, HENRY W. BIGELOW. WRIGHT, TAYLOR & CO., Manufacturers Wholesale holesale Dealers in Boots and Shoes, 84 and 86 Summit street. WYMAN, GREGG & Co., Dealers in Hard and Soft Coal, Lime Cement, Plaster, and Fire Brick and Clay, 48 Water St. YOUNG & BACKUS, Commission Merchants, and owners of Wabash and Miami Canal Grain Elevators, Water street. CHAS. L. YOUNG, of "SEARS & HOLLAND LUMBER Co.," Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in Pine Lumber, Superior street. at Swan Creek. SAMUEL M. YOUNG, President Toledo National Bank. OTHER PIONEERS OF THE MAUMEE VALLEY. Noah A. Whitney, who died in March, 1873, at the age of 74 years, belonged to a family well known and highly respected by the early settlers of Toledo. His father, Noah Ashley Whitney, sen., (whose family then consisted of his wife, four sons and two daughters,) in 1824 entered at the United States Land Office, the E. half of S., W , Qr. of Sec. 26, now within Toledo, and at the Additional Pioneers of the Maumee Valley - 649 junction of Adams street with Collingwood Avenue. The names of the four sons were Noah A., Thomas P., Milton D., and Augustus H., of whom the second only now remains; and the daughters were Mary Ann and Harriett, the latter being the wife of L Collins, Esq., and now living. In 1825, Noah A Whitney, Jr., entered a quarter section of land, now within the city limits, upon which he continued to reside until the day of his death, In an obituary notice the Toledo Commercial said : " Mr. Whitney had been a member of the Methodist church for 40 years, and probably more than any other one contributed, in labor and money, toward the support of religious advantages. Mrs. W hitney was the first class-leader within the present bounds of Toledo, under the ministration of Elder Baughman, the pioneer Methodist preacher of this region, whose circuit included Fremont (then Lower Sandusky) and the entire country to Detroit, four weeks being required for his round. The deceased was among the oldest, if not the very oldest resident church member in Toledo, as he was the oldest continuous housekeeper in the same, all his first neighbors having preceded him to their 141 last home. Mrs. Whitney died in 1857, leaving no children." Mayor Brigham immigrated with his family from Oneida county, New York, to Toledo, in May, 1835. He labored dilligently, and expended freely of time and money in organizing and establishing the Congregational church of Toledo, which now forms so important a part of the religious element of the city. Mr. Brigham, during his long residence in Toledo, has been not only active in sustaining the interests of religion, but has held several public positions in the township and city governments, the duties of all of which have ever been discharged faithfully. Elijah Dodd removed to. Toledo in 1835, and to Waterville in 1837. Was elected Sheriff of Lucas county in 1851 and re-elected in 1853. Capt. W. E. Standart, now of the firm of B. G. Sweet & Co., Toledo, was one of the first messengers who took charge of the express matter, after the line was established, between Buffalo and Detroit. His treasure, involving values forwarded between New York and Detroit., 77.-s encased in a small hand trunk. William Andrews removed with his family to Toledo in May, 1835. He was a good man, esteemed by all the old citizens, and died about 18 years ago. His son, Samuel Andrews, now of the Blade office, is among his survivors. Alexander Wales. removed to Vistula in June, 1832, and erected the first frame house in that division. He is now a resident of Wood county, adjoining the corporation of Toledo. His son is Mr. C. T. Wales, Secretary of the Toledo Board of Trade. Thomas Howard, from Yates county, N. Y., landed at Fort Meigs in the spring of 1823. He and part of the families made the trip from Buffalo in a 30 ton schooner, commanded by Capt. Almon Reed—the teams and live stock being driven over land by another part of his family, which struck the Maumee at a. point now known as East Toledo. From here they proceeded up the river to Fort Meigs, experiencing some difficulty in urging their live stock through the Indian camps, which at that time lined the banks of the Maumee, and snuffing danger afar off, the horses and cattle manifested greater fear of these lords of the forest than did their owners. The branches of the emigrating families, some taking the water, and others the overland route, and which came to the Maumee Valley at that time, consisted of his three sons, Edward, Robert A., and Richard M. W. Howard, and their several families. Subsequently these households, and also a daughter, Mrs. Sidney Howard Davison, (now a resident of La Salle Co., Ill , and aged 77 years,) removed to the head of the rapids of the Maumee (Gilead.) Thomas Howard, born November 15, 1758, died at the head of the rapids, May 25, 1825. Robert A. Howard, who was born Nov. 10, 1798, survived many years all his brothers. He resided at the head of the rapids about ten years, and re-