250 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY sided, having given his attention to horticultural interests. In this business he has met with marked success. Mr. Wilson was married first to Miss Amanda R. Woodward, daughter of Leonard Woodward, a pioneer Justice of the Peace of this county. He has long since passed away. He was a native of Juniata, Pennsylvania, came to this country when a young man, and here accumulated a large fortune. He married Ann Moherman, a native of Austintown, Mahoning county, Ohio, who died at the age of fifty-five years. Mrs. Wilson died leaving two sons, Bert W. and Leonard J., who are now being educated at Hiram College. For his second wife Mr. Wilson married Almira Woodward, a sister of his former companion. Mr. Wilson is a prominent member of the Horticultural Society; the Grange, and other local organizations. He and his wife are members of the Disciple Church and are earnest and active Christian workers. He has affiliated with the Republican party since he cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln. HIRAM F. AUSTIN was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, in the township of Warren, August 26, 1834, his parents being Julius and Frances (Freeman) Austin. Julius Austin was born in this same township in 1806, and died at the home of his son, Hiram F., in 1887. Harmon Austin, well known throughout this part of Ohio, was a brother of Julius Austin. The mother of our subject was born in Braceville township, Trumbull county, January 14, 1814, and died here November 5, 1866. She was an only daughter of Ralph Freeman and Betsey (Stowe) Freeman, his wife, a native of Connecticut. Mrs. Freeman was a daughter of Comfort Stowe, one of the very earliest settlers in this part of Ohio. She was born September 23, 1804, and died September 21, 1841. Julius and Frances Austin had two sons, Hiram F. and Seymour A., the latter being deceased. The subject of our sketch was educated at Hiram College, and remained at home until his marriage, which event occurred October 14, 1863, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah A. Pettit. She was born in Salem, Columbiana county, Ohio, October 12, 1837, daughter of Austin and Elizabeth (Schooley) Pettit. Her father was born in Pennsylvania, May 31, 1784; came to Ohio at an early day, and died here October 3, 1854, at the age of seventy years. Her mother, was born in Virginia, September 7, 1796, and died in Ohio, July 13, 1882. They had five children, two of whom are still living. Mr. and Mrs. Austin became the parents of four children: Charles P., born September 14, 1866, is in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the employ of the Indiana Trust Company; Harry S., born January 15, 1869, is engaged in teaching in Clark's Commercial College at Erie, Pennsylvania; Elizabeth, born February 8, 1871; and Frances, April 18, 1878. Mrs. Austin is a lady of culture and refinement, and previous to her marriage was a popular and successful teacher. After his marriage Mr. Austin settled down to farming at the old homestead, and here he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits ever since. He has taken an active interest in public affairs and has filled nearly all the local offices. He has been a Republican ever since the party was organized, having cast his first presidential vote for John C. Fremont. Mr. Austin was secretary of the Agricultural Society in Trumbull OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 251 county for twenty years. He and his wife are members of the Disciple Church, and she is an active worker in the Sunday-school. In concluding this sketch we make further mention of Ralph Freeman, the grandfather of our subject, who has already been briefly referred to. He was among the first settlers in Braceville township, Trumbull county. He was born in Dutchess county, New York, October 30, 1783; went with his parents to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, when he was a small boy, and settled in Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1803. Robert Freeman, the father of Ralph, was the first Justice of the Peace in Braceville township. Ralph Freeman's mother died when he was a mere child. The first deed made out in Braceville township was to Ralph Freeman's brother, in 1803. Ralph Freeman and his brother built the first log house in the township, and together they kept bachelors' hall for some time, providing their larder with the game they caught in the forest. They endured all the hardships and privations incident to life on the frontier, and did their part in paving the way for the present civilization here. Ralph Freeman died in January, 1857. The Freemans and Anstins have all these years ranked with the first families of the county. A. J. LEITCH, M. D., a leading physician of Niles, Ohio, esteetned alike for f his skill in his profession and his worth as a citizen, was born in county Donegal, Ireland, January 22, 1848. When he was four years of age, his parents emigrated to the United States and settled on a farm in Weathersfield township, Trumbull county, Ohio, where his father followed farming the rest of his life. He was thrifty and indus trious, a faithful citizen of his adopted country and a man who engaged the respect of all who knew him. His worthy helpmeet, nee Elizabeth Porter, who shared the hardships of his frontier life and proved a devoted wife and loving mother, was a sister of William Porter, also a pioneer of Mahoning county, Ohio, and a man prominently identified with the early history of the State. This worthy couple were the parents of eight children: Martha, wife of A. G. McCorkle; Rebecca J.; John G.; Charles P., deceased, at one time member of the Territorial Legislature of Arizona; A. J., the subject of this sketch; Bella A., wife of C. P. Wilson, cashier of the First National Bank of Youngstown, Ohio; C. P., who resides in Arizona, and married Nellie Fee, sister of Mayor Fee, of Warren, this State; and Minnie, who died, aged seventeen. The early years of Dr. Leitch were passed on the home farm in Weathersfield township, and his preliminary education was received in the adjacent schools. When sixteen years of age, he commenced a course of study at the Lordstown Academy, which institution he attended with some interruption for two years after which he was a student at Hiram College for one year. At the end of that time, he went to Mineral Ridge, Ohio, where he entered on the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. McKinney. For three years he pursued his studies in this way, attending the Cleveland Medical College during the winters, and graduating at that institution • in February, 1871. Dr. Leitch began his professional career in N iles, and after the expiration of one year he formed a partnership with Dr. H. G. Landis, with whom he was connected four years. In the spring of 1875, owing to the ill health of Dr. Leitch, this relationship ceased. He then engaged in the drug business in which he was 252 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY occupied for four years. This change proved highly advantageous to his health and at the end of the four years he found himself fully restored to his former condition. He then resumed his practice, forming a partnership with Dr. A. P. McKinley, and they labored together for six years, since which time Dr. Leitch has been alone. Imbued with a deep love of his profession, the Doctor has pursued its practice with such singleness of purpose and devotion to those under his charge, that he has met with most gratifying success. He is especially esteemed as a scientific and skillful surgeon, in which department he excels. Aside from his professional interests, the Doctor is engaged in some commercial enterprises. He is a director of the Niles Manufacturing Company and of the Boswick Metal Lath Company. The same careful judgment and integrity of purpose have characterized his commercial relations that have distinguished his professional career, and, unlike most men, who can do only one thing well, he may be said to have eminent success in both, and to have gained not only financial prosperity but also that more valuable acquirement, the respect and esteem of all his fellow men. February 17, 1881, Dr. Leitch was married in Niles, to Ella M. Ward, who was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1854, and received her education in Poland, Ohio, and who was a successful teacher in the public schools of Niles before her marriage. They have five children : Harriet E., Isabella, Flor. ence, Alma and Robert. Both parents are members of the Presbyterian Church. Politically, Dr. Leitch is a Democrat, and takes an active interest in the welfare of his town and State. He has been for many years a useful member of the Board of Education in which he is now actin̊. as Treasurer. He is prompt to aid any enterprise tending to benefit his community, and is justly recognized as a liberal-minded, whole-souled and progressive citizen, esteemed alike for his intellectual ability and high moral character, as well as for his many noble traits of heart and soul. CHARLES H. ROBERTS is one of the prosperous and intelligent citizens of Johnston township, Trumbull county, Ohio, who has the honor of being a veteran of the late war. Of his life we make record as follows: Charles H. Roberts was born in Howland township, Trumbull county, Ohio, January 19, 1842, son of Edwin S. Roberts, deceased, who was for many years a prominent citizen of Howland township. Edwin S. Roberts was born near Hartford in Litchfield county, Connecticut, son of Russell Roberts, a native of Connecticut and a veteran of the war of 1812. The mother of our subject was before her marriage Miss Ruth Lowrey, a native of Vienna township, Trumbull county, Ohio, and a daughter of Samuel Lowrey, one of the first settlers of that township. Her father came to Ohio from Connecticut, and the first sawmill built in Vienna township was erected by him. Mrs. Roberts died at the age of twenty-two, Charles H. being then only nine days old. Subsequently his father married Leonora Bignall, but by his second marriage he never had any children. He settled on a farm in Johnston township in 1848, and lived there until the time of his death, at the age of seventy-four years. By trade he was a broom-maker, at which occupation he worked in early life, until he turned his attention to farming. In politics he was a Republican. OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 253 After the death of his mother Charles H. Roberts lived with his grandfather Roberts for nine years. Then he came to the farm on which he now lives, his father having married again and settled here. When the Civil war came on he was just budding into young manhood, and in August, 1864, as the the war continued to rage and fresh troops were required, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Seventy-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and went to the front. he was in the campaign of Tennessee and North Carolina and took part in several engagements. While in the service he had the black measles, which seriously affected his hearing: he also contracted other chronic diseases, from which he has never recovered, and which has caused him much bodily pain. Mr. Roberts has one of the best farms in Johnston township. His comfortable home, with its bay window and broad veranda, is nicely furnished and is surrounded by a pretty lawn. A fine orchard, good barns, sheds, fences, etc., are among the other improvements on his farm, all of which are kept in the best of order. He gives considerable attention to stock-raising and to dairying. Mr. Roberts was married May, 1889, in Garrettsville, Portage county, Ohio, to Miss Mary R. Webb, a native of Portage county, Ohio, and a daughter of Dr. James Webb, who was for many years a prominent physician in Portage county, Ohio, and who died November 9, 1852, leaving a widow and ten children. Mrs. Webb, whose maiden name was Eliza L. Landfear, was born in Manchester, Connecticut, November 18, 1807, and her death occurred September 6, 1882. Mrs. Roberts is a woman of rare intellectual and social attainments, and previous to her marriage was engaged in teaching in Portage county. Her father was born in Pembroke, - 18 - New York, February, 26, 1799, and was a graduate of the medical college at Batavia, New York. He had two sons in the Civil war: Mervin F., a member of the Fifteenth Ohio Battery, died at Natchez, Mississippi, while in the service; and R. S., who also served in the Ohio regiment, is now a successful attorney of Garrettsville. Mrs. Roberts is an active member of the Congregational Church. She is a member of the choir, and has been Superintendent of the Sabbath-school, and in all church work is regarded as a leader. She is also an earnest worker in the temperance cause. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts are both members of the Rebekah Lodge, No. 288, of Cortland. He is identified with both the I. O. O. F. and. G. A. R. of Cortland. Politically, he is a Republican. MARY J. BOSWORTH, widow of E. W. Bosworth, is one of the highly respected women of Braceville township, Trumbull county, Ohio. She was born in Columbiana county, this State, June 26, 1822. Her parents, Edward and Sarah (Aterholt) Pettit, were natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio respectively, and both died in Mahoning county, this State, his death occurring at the age of seventy-three years, and hers at sixty-nine. The Pettits were all farmers. January 19, 1853, Miss Mary J. Pettit was united in marriage to E. W. Bosworth, with whom her life was blended until the time of his death, which occurred when he was sixty-nine years old. E. W. Bosworth was born in Rochester, Massachusetts, March 29, 1815, son of Rev. Marcus and Betsey (Ward) Bosworth, natives of Massachusetts. They came to Ohio in 1816, being among the 254 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY early pioneers of this part of the State. Rev. Marcus Bosworth was a son of Peter Bosworth, who, as did his wife, died in Trumbull county. E. W. Bosworth was engaged in teaching for a number of years, later in life devoting his attention to his farm. The only child of E. W. and Mary J. Bosworth is Sarah B., born December 10, 1859. She was married October 4, 1889, to Edmond Stroup, and they have one child, Howard E., born July 28, 1892. Edmond Stroup was born in Southington, Trumbull county, October 19, 1853, son of Daniel and Polly (Leichlitner) Stroup. His parents were pioneers of this part of Ohio and are still living here. Mrs. Bosworth is a member of the Disciple Church. ABRAM D. BAILEY was born in Lordstown township, Trumbull county, Ohio, April 14, 1839, and is one of prominent farmers of the township in which he was born and reared. Isaac Bailey. his father, was a son of Jacob Bailey, both being pioneers of Trumbull county, Ohio. Jacob Bailey came to this county from Northampton county, Pennsylvania, was a farmer all his life, and died at the age of eighty-six years, on the farm on which the subject of this sketch now lives. His wife, whose maiden name was Catharine Kistler, also a native of Northampton county, Pennsylvania, died in Mahoning county, Ohio, at the age of seventy-three years. They had ten children, seven sons and three daughters, Isaac being the second born. Isaac Bailey landed in Trumbull county, in 1829, with a capital of $4.25. Here he bought 100 acres of wild land, and with the encouragement and able assistance of his good wife, developed a fine farm. He was a carpenter by trade, at which he worked considerably after coming to Ohio. He was well-known all over this part of the country, and died here at the age of seventy-one years. Of his wife, we record that her maiden name was Rebecca Weaver, that she was born in Pennsylvania, and that she died in Ohio at the age of seventy-nine years. This worthy couple had a family of sixteen children, six of whom are still living, Abram D. being the sixth in order of birth. The subject of our sketch was reared on the farm on which he was born, his early life being not unlike that of other farmer boys. January 8, 1859, he married Mary J. Wonders, who was born in Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, March 4, 1838, daughter of Jacob D. and Hannah (Wike) Wonders. Mr. Wonders was by trade a ship carpenter. He died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Bailey, at the age of sixty-nine years, his wife having died some time before in Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Wonders had four children, three of whom are still living. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have had nine children, as follows: Laura M., who married Lemuel Fassuacht and has four children, viz.: A. D., Azora, Lulu and Menser B.; Josephine, who died at the age of twenty-one years; James A., who married Martha Lewis and has four children, viz.: Lloyd, Acil, Dessie, Blanche; Harry T., a member of the home circle; Mary A., who married Grant Holcomb and has two children, Jennie N. and Bessie; and the rest are all at home—Marie A., Edith I., Agnes L. and Carl B. Mr. Bailey's children have all had good educational advantages and and are useful and honored members of society. In addition to their own children Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have raised Rollen M. Hann, OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 255 who is a nephew of Mr. Bailey, and who is now attending business college at Cleveland. After his marriage Mr. Bailey settled on his father's farm, and after the latter's death he bought out the other heirs and has continued to reside here ever since. He and his father became identified with the Republican party soon after its organization, and with this party he has since cast his vote and influence. He has filled various local offices, such as Township Trustee, etc. In 1864 he enlisted in Company F, One Hundred and Seventy-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was Seargent of the company under Captain L. T. Soule, and was in the service 100 days, being discharged in August. During that time he was in several engagements and for a brief period was held prisoner. After receiving his discharge he returned home. In this connection it may be well to state that Mr. Bailey's grandfather was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. Bailey is a member of the Bell-Harmon Post G. A. R. at Warren, and of the I. O. O. F., at the same place. He was Chaplain of the" Grange in his township for some time. Both he and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church, of which they have been members for many years. For a number of years he served as teacher and superintendent in the Sabbath-school. Mrs. Bailey is a prominent worker in church circles and benevolent organizations, being a member of several societies in Lordstown. WILLIAM D. HICKOX, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits in Farmington township, Trumbull county, was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, September 30, 1830. Chandler Hickox, his father, was a son of Chauncey Hickox, a native of Connecticut, who came to Ohio as early as 1805 and settled on wild land, where he built a log house and where he passed the rest of his life. He died at the age of seventy-two years. For many years he was in the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was what was known in pioneer days as a 4, circuit rider." He preached the gospel in many a log cabin and schoolhouse in this part of Ohio, and few of the early pioneers were better known than he. Chauncey Hickox's wife was before her marriage Miss Susan Scofield. She was a native of Connecticut, and lived to an advanced age. They had eight children, five sons and three daughters. Four of this number are still living. The sons nearly all learned the carpenter's trade. Chandler Hickox worked at that trade all his life. He died at the home of his son, William D., at the age of seventy-nine years. He was a Democrat in early life, but when Lincoln ran for President the second time Mr. Hickox voted for him and ever afterward affiliated with the Republican party. Our subject's mother was one of a family of five children, and was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, being the daughter of David D. and Rhoda (Blexey) Langley. Her parents were natives of Connecticut and early settlers of Ohio. Her father died here at the age of upwards of ninety-four years, and her mother lived to be eighty. Mrs. Hickox died at the age of sixty-two years. William D. Hickox remained on the home farm until he was sixteen years of age, when he began to learn the carpenter's trade. He was working away at this trade when the war broke out, and at the very beginning of the war he dropped his tools and joined the Union ranks. He enlisted September 4, 1861, in Company D, Second Ohio Cavalry, and at the end of his term of service, three 256 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY years, re-enlisted and served until the close of the war. With the exception of six months when be was a prisoner at Libby and Andersonville, he was with his company and regiment and participated in every engagement, in which they took part. A braver or truer soldier never took up arms in defence of his country. His first service was on the western frontier, and he then returned and became a part of the Army of the Cumberland, and and later joined the army of the Potomac under Grant. His first engagement was the Battle of the Wilderness, and he went through that campaign to the surrender at Appomattox. Our subject was taken prisoner at Ashland Station. After the war Mr. Hickox returned to his native place and resumed work at his trade. He was married, October 23, 1866, to Miss Matilda Cummings, who was born in Bristol township, Trumbull county, Ohio, May 2, 1845, daughter of Joseph and Margaret (Nicholson) Cummings. Joseph Cummings was born in Bristolville, this county, son of James and Phebe (Moore) Cummings, who came from Virginia to Ohio about 1810, and settled on a tract of wild land. They passed the rest of their lives and died here, he, at the age of ninety-four and she, at the age of ninety-three. James Cummings and his wife had eleven children, nine of whom reached adult years. Four of this number are still living. The Cummings family have for the most part been engaged in agricultural pursuits. Joseph Cummings died at the age of sixty-two years. His wife, a native of Pennsylvania, died at the age of thirty-eight. Some of his ancestors participated in the Revolutionary war. Mr. and Mrs. Hickox have four children, as follows: Ross M., born October 16,1868; Lettie J., December 7, 1870; Hattie U., July 15, 1872; and Joseph C., July 10, 1875. All have been educated at Farmington College. After his marriage Mr. Hickok settled on a farm in Bristol township, and in connection with his farming operations he also worked at his trade for some time. Then he moved to Bloomfield, and a year later came to Farmington township and traded for his present farm. On this property he has since resided. He is what may be called a self-made man, having accumulated a competency by his own honest toil. To the kind encouragement and able assistance of his good wife he attributes much of the success he has attained. He and his family are among the most highly esteemed people of the community, in which they reside. They attend the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a member of the G. A. R. Post No. 2, at Bristolville. He is a member of the Grange and also of the Masonic fraternity. JOHN RYNARD BUTTS, a prosperous farmer of Braceville township, Trumbull county, Ohio, was born in York county, Pennsylvania, January 15, 1822. John, Butts, his father, also a native of York county, Pennsylvania, came to Ohio at an early day, and lived in various places in this State. He died at Windham at the age of seventy-two years. He was a blacksmith and farmer, and also for some time was engaged in rafting on the river. Mr. Butts' mother died in York county when he was about two years old. George Butts, the grandfather of our subject, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. John R. Butts' mother had two children, of whom he alone survives. His father was married three times, and by the other two wives had six children. OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 257 The subject of our sketch remained at home until he was twenty-four years old. He was reared on the farm and was educated in the subscription schools of the .period. His chief education, however, has been obtained in the practical school of experience, and he is what may be truly termed a self-made man. April 2, 1846, he married Susanah Hoffman, who was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, February 2, 1818, daughter of Jacob and Polly (Mees) Hoffman. Jacob Hoffman was a soldier in the war of 1812. Her parents were natives of Pennsylvania, and were among the earliest settlers of Ohio, having located here when this country was all a wilderness, and both passed the rest of their lives and died in Lordstown township, he dying at the age of eighty-seven and she at thirty-six. Jacob Hoffman was a son of Dietrich and Susanah (Aldrich) Hoffman, who were both born of German parents. Dietrich Hoffman took claim to a tract of land in Columbiana county, Ohio, upon which he lived to an advanced age. His wife survived him and died at the home of her son. Mrs. Butts is one of a family of ten children, four of whom are still living. The Hoffmans were all farmers and people of prominence. Mr. and Mrs. Butts had three children, only one of whom is living, Addison E., who was born in Lordstown August 2, 1851. He married Edna A. Porter and has four children: Ethel P., Alice M., Lillian A. and Altheia E. He is engaged in farming with his father. After his marriage John R. Butts settled down to farming in Lordstown township, where he lived for seven or eight years. Then he moved to Ashtabula county, bought a farm in Lenox township, and there he lived for nine years. About 1862 he returned to Trumbull county and settled on a farm near where he now lives. His present farm comprises 300 acres, which be bought with his own earnings. Indeed, he never had a dollar given him. When he was about twelve years old he began working out on farms, receiving $115 per year, and from that time on he was not only self-supporting but he also assisted his father materially in purchasing a farm. He has been a hard-working man all his life, and this year (1893), in his advanced age, planted fifteen acres of corn without any assistance. Before he was married he had saved $300 and also had a horse and buggy. He has with his own hands improved no less than three farms in northeastern Ohio. Mr. Butts casts his vote and influence with the Republican party. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are ranked with the most highly esteemed people of the community in which they live. ROWLAND K. LEWIS, who has been identified with the farming and stock- raising interests of Farmington township, Trumbull county, Ohio, all his life, was born here, June 5, 1841. Leonard Lewis, his father, was born in Bristol, Connecticut, November 23, 1806, and was married, at the age of twenty-six years, to Miss Mary Smith, who was born in Schoharie county, New York, April 4, 1803. They had five children, four of whom are still living. Ile and his wife emigrated to eastern Ohio, at an early day, settling on a farm in Farmington township, Trumbull county, where they spent the rest of their lives, and there died, his death occurring August 20, 1884, and hers January 21, 1887. Leonard Lewis was a son of Dennis and Nancy (Bartholomew) Lewis. Dennis Lewis was 258 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY born in Bristol, Connecticut, December 1, 1782, and in 1810 moved out to the Western Reserve with his wife and three children, in company with his uncle, Jacob Lewis. Their first settlement was made in this township on a tract of wild land, which they cleared and on which they erected a cabin. Their first land was in the shape of 160 acres, inherited from Nancy Bartholomew's father. Dennis Lewis spent his entire life here, engaged in agricultural pursuits. For four years he also ran a mill The family suffered all the attendant hardships of frontier life, they being among the very first settlers in this part of the county. In 1852, Dennis Lewis was persuaded to pay a visit to his old home in Connecticut, and while there his death occurred, August 2, 1852, at the home of his brother. His wife, also a native of Bristol, Connecticut, born February 2, 1782, died May 16, 1852. A singular coincidence in the lives of this worthy couple is, that they were both born in the same year and both died in the same year. Three of their nine children are still living. The Lewis family are able to trace their ancestery back for a period of 200 years, from the time they first landed in America, having come to this country from England. Rowland K. Lewis was married November 1, 1865, to Miss Adelma Spencer, who was born in Farmington township, this county, September 26, 1843, daughter of Selden and Caroline D. (Lyman) Spencer. Her parents were natives of Hinsdale, Berkshire county, Massachusetts. Her mother was born October 5, 1810, and died in this township, January 22, 1864. Her father was born August 17, 1811, and was married to her mother September 22, 1835. Their union resulted in the birth of two children, of whom Mrs. Lewis is one. Selden Spencer was married a second time, and he and his wife are still living. He is a son of Samuel W. and Lucy (Fisk) Spencer, the former born October 5, 1779, died May 4, 1852; and the latter, born in 1780, is also deceased. Samuel Spencer and his wife were natives of Massachusetts, and were among the early pioneers of Ohio, having made the journey to this State with an ox cart. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis have had three children, one of whom died in infancy. Those living are Harry S., born March 30, 1869, and Fred L., May 23, 1873. Harry S. was married June 14, 1893, to Miss Tessa Evans. He is engaged in the stock business with his father. Mr. Lewis owns between 1,100 and 1,200 acres of land, and carries on both farming and stock-raising extensively. In politics he is a Republican, ROBERT KINCAID, a venerable citizen of Farmington township, Trumbull county, Ohio, was born in Youngstown, this State, January 12, 1817, son of Robert Kincaid, Sr., and grandson of John Kincaid. John Kincaid was born in Virginia, came to Ohio at a very early day, and died at Jackson, this State at an advanced age. Robert Kincaid, Sr., was born in Pennsylvania or Virginia, and about 1798 or 1799, came out to Ohio, and was employed in a gristmill at Youngstown. Ile was a blacksmith by trade. About 1802 he went back to Virginia, but soon returned to Ohio. He was married at twenty-one, to Miss Margaret Irwin, a native of Virginia, who died in Youngstown at the age of eighty-four years. After his marriage, Mr. Kincaid settled down to his trade, and also carried on farming, continuing thus occupied the rest of his life. OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 259 He died at his old home, at Youngstown, aged about eighty years. This worthy pioneer couple had a family of ten children, the subject of our sketch being the seventh born, and one of the three who are now living. Robert Kincaid was reared on his father's farm and remained at home until he reached his majority, spending a few mouths each winter in the subscription schools, but devoting the most of his time to work on the farm. When he was twenty-one he began working out by the month on farms, and continued thus employed for four or five years. September 16, 1845, he married Mary. Pearce, who was born. in Farmington township, Trumbull county, Ohio, daughter of Shadrick and Sarah Pearce, who came from Connecticut to this State at an early day. Here her father developed a farm and spent the rest of his life. He died at about the age of seventy, and his wife also lived out her three-score years and ten. After his marriage Mr. Kincaid bought-sixty acres of wild land, settled on it, and lived there four years, and then he bought 108 acres, also wild land, and upon this place he has since resided, having, later on, added 25 acres to this farm. Here he built a double log house, one of the best in all the country around, at that time, its dimensions being 16 x 18 feet, with an addition, and in this house he and his family lived for twenty years. Their present residence was then erected. During these years Mr. Kincaid has given his attention chiefly to the raising of stock, keeping a dairy on his farm. Of Mr. Kincaid's family, we record that he and his wife had six children, four of whom are still living, as follows: Christopher C., born February 28, 1847, in the old log-house above described, is now engaged In merchandizing and banking, in Cherry Vale, Kansas. He has been twice married, first to Emma Gates, and, after her death, to Laura Marshall. He has two children living. Mr. Kincaid's second child, Cornelia, born September 24, 1849, was married to 0. B. Percival, and they have three children. Margaret J. Kincaid, born July 25, 1859, is the wife of James 1. Ray, and has two children. Mary E. Kincaid, born September 3, 1861, is the wife of Jerry Hansel. Mr. Kincaid was a Whig until the organization of the Republican party, since which time he has been identified with the latter. He has filled various local offices. During the war his son, C. C., was a member of Company D, Second Ohio Cavalry, being in the service three years and coming out with only a slight scratch. He was one of the bravest soldiers in the Union ranks. Mr. Kincaid also had several nephews in the Civil war. He and his wife have been members of of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years, and for over thirty-six years he has been a class-leader. He has also served as Steward of the Church for a number of years. JAMES WILSON, SR., a venerable citizen of Lordstown township, Trumbull county, Ohio, dates his birth in Beaver county, Pennsylvania, in October, 1816, son of James and Christiana (McCullough) Wilson. James Wilson, father of our subject, was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, June 15, 1781, and was engaged in farming all his life. He emigrated to Ohio when the subject of our sketch was about sixteen years old, bought a tract of wild land in Trumbull county, built his cabin in the woods, and here spent the rest of his life. He died in 260 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY April, 1842, leaving a widow and six children, who continued to live on the old farm for some time. The mother, also a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, passed the rest of her life with her children, and died in Lordstown township. The subject of our sketch is the youngest of their seven children and is now the only one left of that number. All of them were farmers and were among the most highly respected people of the county. Mr. Wilson remained at home until he was eighteen years of age, when he entered upon an apprenticeship to the blacksmith trade. He worked at that trade for thirteen years, after which he bought a farm and has since given his attention to agricultural pursuits. He was married at the age of twenty-two to Miss Mary Hutchison, a native of Hubbard, Trumbull county, Ohio, and a daughter of William and Anna (Battle) Hutchison, natives of Niles, Ohio. She died leaving four sons and one daughter. For his second wife Mr. Wilson married Miss Rebecca Hazlett, a native of Lordstown, this county, who died at the age of forty five years, leaving four children. Mr. Wilson's third marriage was consummated with Jane Weisel, a native of Pennsylvania. Her death, at the age of sixty, again left him a widower. His home is now presided over by his accomplished daughter. Of Mr. Wilson's nine children we make record as follows: William H. died at the age of twenty-one years; James lives in Lordstown township; George W. died at the age of twenty-six, having married Libbie Nuhrenberger, who bore him one child, Grace May, who is now the wife of James ̊rover; Mary J.; Alva is practicing medicine in Nickerson, Kansas, and has one child, Mabel; Robert H. lives in this township and has one son, Stanley; Charles lives in this township; Emma, wife of James Applegates, has four children: Annie, Mamie, Lloyd and John; Boston lives in Oklahoma and is engaged in the mercantile business. Mr. Wilson is rightly classed with the self-made men. He has earned every dollar he has by his own honest toil. His first land purchase was 102 acres. To this he has since added,and is now the owner of 250 acres. He erected all the buildings on his farm and otherwise improved it, and it is now one of the most desirable places in this vicinity. Mr. Wilson has been a Republican ever since the party was organized. His first vote was cast for William Henry Harrison. He has filled various local offices, and has always faithfully performed every duty entrusted to him. As a Christian man his life has been an exemplary one. He and his family are members of the Disciple Church. DAVID S. LILLIBRIDGE, M. D. Although still a young man, our subject, David S. Lillibridge, M. D., has already attained noble distinction in the practice of his profession, being especially fitted for it not only by reason of careful study, but also on account of his natural ability in that direction. Dr. Lillibridge was born in Greene township August 30, 1867. At the time of his birth his father, J. A. Lillibridge, was a farmer of Greene township, but later removed to Ashtabula, where he now resides, engaged in carpentry and joining work. He was a native of Greene township as was also his wife, mother of our subject, Lucy Palfreeman, whose parents emigrated from England to this country about 1830. Our subject is the only child of this marriage, and tis educational advantages were OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 261 confined to a common district school until he attained the age of sixteen when he obtained the necessary certificate entitling him to teach school. After following this calling for a year, he decided to adopt the profession of medicine as his life work and began its study under his uncle, Dr. 0. M. Bailey, one of Greene township's most noted physicians, with whom he remained three summers. In the meantime, however, he took a course of lectures in the medical department of the Western Reserve University, at which be graduated March 4, 1891. After his graduation he removed to Mesopotamia and began the practice of his profession, since which time he has built tip a large and rapidly increasing practice, and is fast becoming one of the most popular physicians in this section of the country. Possessing a large medical library to which ready reference can be made and being a liberal subscriber to all professional periodicals, the doctor is enabled to keep himself thoroughly in touch with the times, being conversant with all the latest discoveries of the age. His enthusiasm with regard to everything pertaining to his profession is marked and his genial, pleasant manner, combined with his intellectual ability, has won for him the esteem and confidence of all with whom he is brought in contact. Dr. Lillibridge was married, September 10, 1889, to Sadie A. Hubbard, daughter of E. P. Hubbard, a prominent farmer of Rock Creek. Social by nature, our subject has connected himself with the order of Odd Fellows of Mesopotamia, and is at present recording secretary of that organization, being as popular in this connection as he is prominent in professional circles. In his profession, Dr. Lillibridge is possessed of a firmness and dexterity of hand, a calm, cool brain, a quick unfailing eye, a steady nerve, a strength of will and a physical endurance, which can but give him much distinction as a physical and surgeon. These qualities enable him to successfully perform some of the most difficult and dangerous operations known to his profession. He has also won a enviable reputation as a physician, his practice being chiefly confined to the best class of people. In addition to all this he is a thorough scholar and a true gentleman and enjoys the abiding confidence and respect of the people for his manly character and unimpeachable integrity. ELISHA WALKER, a venerable citizen of Trumbull county, Ohio, was born in Chippewa township, Beaver county, Pennsylvania, July 4, 1822. The Walkers are of English descent. Robert A. Walker and Robert Walker, the father and grandfather of Elisha, were both born in Baltimore, Maryland. Robert Walker was a farmer by occupation. He died when Robert A. was fourteen years of age. When the latter was twenty-one he went to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and followed his trade, that of stone. cutter. At Lancaster he married Abbie Griswold, and in 1832 they emigrated to Ohio and settled on a farm in Warren township, Trumbull county. Several years later they moved to the place where the subject of this sketch now lives, his death occurring here at the age of seventy-eight years, and his wife's at the age of seventy-five. In addition to his farming operations here, Robert A. Walker also for some time ran a sawmill. He was well-known in this vicinity and was highly respected. Our subject's maternal grandfather was Elisha Griswold, a native of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Both the Gris- 262 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY wolds and the Walkers, as far back as any thing is known of the families, were people of industry and integrity, and were leaders in the various communities in which they lived, both in the East and the pioneer settlements of Ohio. Some of the old stock took an active part in the Revolutionary war. Most of them have been farmers, but there have been some few mechanics among them. Elisha Walker came to Ohio with his parents when he was a boy. His chances for an education here were very limited, but he made the most of his opportunities, and by improving his leisure hours in reading and study he acquired a store of valuable information. He is naturally a lawyer, and had he turned his attention to that profession would doubtless have made his mark as such. Mr. Walker has been twice married. His first marriage was to Lucy A. Humphrey, a native of this place. They had four children: Franklin D., Abbie S., Norris and Nary G., all of whom are married and have children of their own. Mrs. Walker died at the age of forty-five years. She was a daughter of Frederick and Sophrona Humphrey. For his second wife Mr. Walker married Mrs. Maria Clark, a native of Madison, Ohio. Her first husband, Edwin E. Clark, was in the Seventh Ohio Battery, and was Captain of his company. He lost his life while in the service. Mr. Walker and his present wife have one child, Effie, who is married and has one son. Mr. Walker's children have been educated in the common schools and at Hiram College, all having excellent educational advantages. For three years after his first marriage Mr. Walker was engaged in farming in Warren township. Then he sold out and removed to Braceville township, this county, where for forty-three years he led the life of a prosperous farmer. At. the end of that time he again sold out, and purchased from the heirs of his first wife's father their interest in the Hu-phrey estate. On the old Humphrey homestead he has since resided. He has made most of the improvements on this farm, has a most desirable and attractive home, and is surrounded with all the comforts of life. He has filled many of the local offices in the township, and for a number of years has, at different times, served on the United States jury. He was formerly a Whig, but since the birth of the Republican party has given it his support. Mr. Walker and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are among the leading and most substantial people in the county. Mr. Walker was a charter member of the Agricultural Society in this county, and for many years was one of its active and efficient workers. When he was eighteen years old he helped to build the Erie canal. During the troublous days of the Civil war he was active in raising money and men for the Union ranks, and although he did not take up arms himself, he did what he could to protect the old flag. He still has a general supervision over his farming operations, but for several years past has been practically retired from the active duties of the farm. WALLACE JOHNSON was born in Newton township, Trumbull county, Ohio, February 14, 1846, and is one of the prosperous farmers of this section. His father, George R. Johnson, was born in Herkimer county, New York, June 19, 1817, son of Isaac and Sarah (Dodge) Johnson, natives of Massachusetts. Isaac Johnson located in New York when he was a young man, and subsequently he and his OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 263 wife came to Ohio, where they passed the closing years of their lives and died, he at the age of fifty-five years, and she at the age of seventy-five. They reared a family of nine children, six of whom are still living. George R. Johnson was married December 10, 1841, to Nancy Force, a native of Essex county, New Jersey, and a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Mains) Force, of New Jersey. Her parents died when she was a little girl, and she died March 9, 1890. George R. Johnson has been a resident of Trumbull county since 1833, when he bought a partially improved farm here, upon which he has since lived. He has one daughter, Miss Grace, at home. For a number of years he has served as a Justice of the Peace, and has also filled the office of Trustee. Wallace Johnson was married March 15, 1867, to Martha J. McCorkle, who was born in Champion, Ohio, April 27, 1846, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Slough) McCorkle. Her parents both lived to a good old age and died in this county. Three of their four children are still living. The McCorkles are of Scotch origin. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have three children, namely: Rolla, born in Milton, Ohio, July 5, 1868, is married and settled in life; Frances A., born at Milton, August 8, 1870, at home; and John R., born in Newton township, November 16, 1881, is also at home. Mr. Johnson has given his children the benefit of good educational advantages. He has served on the Board of Education for thirteen years, and it may be well to state here that his father was one of the early school teachers of this part of the country. Mr. Johnson and his family are prominent and active members in the Congregational Church. For a number of years he has been a member of Masonic lodge No. 462, of Newton Falls. Politically, he is a Republican. His whole time and attention are given to his farming operations, he being the owner of one of the best farms in the township. In connection with the history of his ancestors, we further record that his grandfather Force was a soldier in the war of 1812 and was a pensioner of that war. ELIJAH JOHNSON, one of the prominent farmers of Newton Falls, Trum¬bull county, Ohio, now living retired was born in Genesee county, New York, March 4, 1821. His father, Isaac Johnson, was a son of Elijah Johnson, a prominent minister of the Presbyterian Church, who was born, passed his life and died in Massachusetts. Isaac Johnson's birthplace was near Mt. Tom, Massachusetts. When he was twenty-one years of age he went to New York and settled on Fly creek, near Utica, where he carried on farming operations and also ran a carding mill. He removed from there to LeRoy, Genessee county, and later to Trumbull county, Ohio (1833), where he died at the age of sixty years. The mother of our subject was before her marriage Miss Sarah Dodge. She was born in Utica, New York, and died at the home of her son, Elijah, at the age of seventy-four years. Elijah Johnson was the third born in a family of ten children, all of whom grew to maturity and five of whom are still living. His early life was not unlike that of other farmer boys, his summer being spent in work on the farm and his winters in attendance at the district schools. He was married at the age of twenty-three to Miss Jane Fenton, a native of Milton, Ohio. They had five children, four of whom are still living, namely, 264 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY Erastus, Ancil, Chauncey and Randall. All are married and have families of their own except Randall, and all have had excellent educational advantages. The mother of these children died at the age of fifty-nine years. September 27, 1884, Mr. Johnson married his present companion, whose maiden name was Electa Oviatt, who was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, December 25, 1825. Previous to his first marriage Mr. Johnson had bought a farm, and to it he took his bride. After they had resided there two years, he sold out and bought another farm in the same vicinity, Newton township, which, at the time of purchase, was partly improved. This he developed into a fine farm and made a lovely home on it, and there he lived for forty-eight years. He then turned the property over into the hands of his sons and retired from active life. Upon retiring from the farm, he bought a home in Newton Falls, and here, surrounded by all the comforts of life, he is spending his declining years. Mr. Johnson was an old-line Whig in his early life. His first vote was cast for Henry Clay. Since the organization of the Republican party he has cast his vote with it. He has filled various local offices, always preforming his duty faithfully and in a manner which reflected credit on himself as well as on his fellow citizens. He and his family are church goers, are active and useful members of society, and are held in the highest esteem by all. LELAND ABELL, of Johnston township, Trumbull county, Ohio, is one of the intelligent and highly respected citizens of his community. He was born February 14, 1847, on the farm adjoining his present home, son of Edward Lewis Abell, who was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut, December 1, 1815, son of Erastus Abell, also a native of Connecticut, born April 16, 1788. The Abell family came west to Ohio in 1832 and settled in Johnston township, Trumbull county. In this township Edward L. Abell was married, December 1, 1840, to Mary L. Root, daughter of George Root. He and his wife had eight children, of whom four sons are still living: Leland, H. G., Calvin C., and Charles E. Those deceased are Sarah Ann, Julia A., George and Lucy E. The mother of this family died April 8, 1871, and the father passed away August 5, 1890. The latter was engaged in sawmilling for a number of years. He sawed most of the lumber used in building the first frame houses in this part of the county. He was also a brick and stone mason by trade. Politically, he was a Republican, and he and his wife were both members of the Disciple Church. Leland Abell was reared on his father's farm, and was educated in the public schools and at Oberlin College. He is now the owner of a valuable farm, comprising 104 acres, located near Cortland. His modern frame residence is located on a natural building site, and his barns and other farm buildings are all in first-class order. For twenty-five years he has made a specialty of the poultry business, and there is not another man in this part of the country who has been as successful is he. He has two large poultry houses, one 15x 110 feet, and the other 16 x 100 feet, fitted up with four incubators, purchased at a cost of $450. They are heated by steam. His annual business amounts to from $15,000 to $20,000, and his product finds a ready market in the best houses in OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 265 New York city. During the busy season he employs from fifteen to thirty-five hands. Mr. Abell was married November 25, 1873, to Huldah Smith, daughter of Rev. Calvin Smith, a prominent pioneer minister of the Disciple Church. During his work in the ministry Rev. Mr. Smith had no less than 1,500 converts. He has long since passed to his reward. His widow is a resident of this township. Mr. and Mrs. Abell had seven children; two, Lucy and Etta, are deceased, and five are living. The names of the latter are Myrtie S., Alda G., Shiner Laing, Pearl L., and Margarite. Mr. Abell formerly affiliated with the Republican party, but is now a Democrat. He has served as Constable and Town Clerk. Fraternally, he is a Mason, being a member of Cortland Lodge, No. 529. Socially, politically and financially, he is ranked with the substantial men of the county. DR. JAMES S. BROWN, of Mecca, Ohio, has been identified with the medical profession of Trumbull county for the past decade. He was born in New York city, June 3, 1854, his name at birth being James Smith. Of the first five years of his life nothing is known, except that he was placed inn a home for time friendless in New York city. He was brought to Oberlin, Ohio, October 5, 1859, and was adopted by James M. and Rachel B. Brown, a highly-respected couple in Mecca, Ohio, who had come to this place from Plainfield, Connecticut, in 1836. They gave him loving care and attention, and reared him as their own child, educating him at Granville, Ohio, and at Madison University, in New York. While a senior in the latter institution he was compelled, on account of ill health, to leave college, and he then spent one year in Minnesota. In 1869 and 1870 he was at Grinnell College, Iowa. Following that he taught school for some time. He began the study of medicine under the instructions of Dr. S. H. Smith, of Mecca, Ohio, who subsequently removed to Warren, where he died. Dr. Brown then took a medical course at Adelbert, and is also a graduate of the Western Reserve Medical College, at Cleveland, Ohio, being a member of the class of 1882. Upon completing his college course, Dr. Brown located at Mecca, where his skill and thorough knowledge in his profession soon gained for him a position among the leading physicians of the county. Dr. Brown was married June 20, 1883, to Miss Rosa J. Smith, a cultured and refined lady, who was previous to her marriage engaged in teaching. She is a daughter of William N. and Prudence Smith, prominent citizens of this township. Dr. S. H. Smith, above referred to, was a brother of Mrs. Brown. The Doctor and his wife have five children: May L., James Herbert, Edna Frances, Emily R. and Lawrence Nelson. Dr. Brown is prominent, not only in his profession, but also in fraternal, political and socials circles. He is a member of the I. O. O. F, No. 707, in which he has passed all the chairs, and is captain of Camp No. 41, State Police. He is identified with both the Trumbull County Medical Society and the Ohio State Medical Society. Politically, he is a Republican. He has served for three terms as Township Clerk. For the following insurance companies he is examiner: The National Insurance Company, New York Life, Equitable of New York, Manhattan, and Northwestern of Milwaukee. The Doctor's 266 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY musical talent has brought him into prominence in musical and social circles, where he is a great favorite. He is a member of the glee club, and was organist at the Dennison University.H. H. F. COLTON is another one of the respected citizens of Johnston town! ship, Trumbull county, Ohio, who served in the late rebellion, and who has a brilliant war record. He was born in Trumbull county September 9, 1839, son of Alanson Colton, one of the well-known early settlers of the county. Mason Colton died in 1855, leaving a widow and four children. His widow survived him until 1871. He was a farmer all his life and was a faithful member of the United Broth-ern Church. H. F. Colton was reared on his father's farm in Bazetta township, and received a common-school education there. When the war came on and continued to rage, and when Lincoln called for fresh troops to suppress the rebellion he enlisted in the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Infantry for a term of three years. Near Chickamauga he was taken prisoner, was held on Bell's island five days, and from there vas taken to Libby prison, where he was held a month. The hardships and sufferings he saw and endured during that time can better be imagined than described. From there he was taken to Danville, Virginia, where he was held four months. He was one of those who had the courage to tunnel out of prison, sixty prisoners making their escape in this way, and twenty of that number being retaken by the rebels. Young Colton escaped to the mountains, traveled hundreds of miles on foot, sought refuge in the mountains or in negro huts, and by the aid of the Union Home Guards was enabled, after weeks of suspense and suffering, to reach the Union lines. Shortly afterward he joined General Sherman's forces on the famous " march to the sea," and on that long journey he also endured many hardships and much suffering. He was among the victorious soldiers who took part in the grand review at Washington, was honorably discharged, and returned to his home in Trumbull county, Ohio. He lived in Bazetta township for some years engaged in farming, and in 1880 he located on his present farm of 100 acres, in Johnston township. This property is well improved, and is devoted to general farming and stock-raising. Mr. Colton has been twice married. Before he entered the army he wedded Miss Elizabeth Sherbondy, who died in 1864 while he was in a hospital. July 9, 1868, he married Miss Sarah Murphey, who was born and reared in Pennsylvania, daughter of Jacob Murphey. They have no children. Mr. Colton is a member of Creyton Post, No. 435, G. A. R., his name being among the list of charter members. He votes with the Republican party. GEORGE MURDOCK is one of the successful farmers of Johnston township, Trumbull county, Ohio.  He is an ex-soldier of the Civil war, and a man in every way entitled to the high esteem in which he is held by his fellow-citizens. Of his life we present the following resume. George Murdock is a native of Ayrshire, Scotland, that region noted for its fine cattle and sturdy men. He was born in May, 1824, son of George Murdock, Sr., who was also a OF NORTHWESTERN OHIO - 267 native of that place. The subject of our sketch was reared on a farm, and was educated in his native land. When he was about twenty-eight years old he came to the United States and settled in Kinsman, Ohio, where he has lived for nineteen years, engaged in farming. September 4, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and rendered gallant service during the war. He was in numerous engagements and was twice wounded. At Franklin, Tennessee, he was struck in the leg by a ball, and at Kenesaw mountain received a wound in the head. He was confined in a hospital for some time, but as soon as he recovered he rejoined the ranks, remaining at the front, a brave, true soldier, until the conflict was over, when he was honorably discharged. Mr. Murdock owns twenty-six acres of land in Gustavus, and has seventy-eight acres in Johnston township, both Trumbull county. His farming operations have been characterized by success, and there is not another man in this vicinity who is more highly respected than this sturdy Scotchman. He is firm in his convictions of right, and his word is ever regarded as good as his bond. Mr. Murdock has never married. His brother, McGarvin Murdock, was a resident of Shelbyville, Indiana, and died in September, 1893. Politically, our subject is a Republican. SMITH CLARK, one of the highly respected and well-to-do citizens of Brookfield township, Trumbull county, Ohio, is a native of this place. He was born December 28, 1819, one of the seven children of Ira and Sarah (Smith) Clark, he being next to the oldest. The names of the other children are Lester, Clarinda Elira, Seth, Alva, and Lucy. His father, one of the prominent pioneers of this county, owned a farm of 150 acres and was engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life. He was born in 1793 and died in 1882, and his wife, born in 1795, died in 1880. Both were members of the Disciple Church. Smith Clark remained on his father's farm until he was twenty-two, when he turned his attention to work at the carpenter's trade. He subsequently returned to the farm and for the past thirty years has been engaged in fanning and stock-raising. He owns 210 acres of fine land. Mr. Clark was married in 1845 to Jane Mervin, who died in 1858. Her two children are now dead. In 1860 he married again, and by his present wife has had four children: Charles W., Maudie B., Frank A. and Mary Louella. Charles W. died at the age of nineteen. Mr. and Mrs. Clark are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in politics he is a Republican, as also was his father. Mr. Clark has served as Township Trustee. HIRAM BENEDICT, one of the leading farmers of Braceville township, Trumbull county, Ohio, was born at the old homestead where lie now lives, January 7, 1830, son of William and Mary (Lawson) Benedict. William Benedict was born in Connecticut, and when a young man came with his parents to Ohio in 1809, settling in Braceville township, Trumbull county. They made the journey to this frontier settlement with ox wagons, landing at their destination after six weeks of tedious travel. They brought 268 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY with them their household goods and a few dollars in money. Here Hezekiah Benedict, the father of William, bought 640 acres of wild land, and on it erected a log cabin, one of the first houses in this part of Trumbull county. This land was first owned by Mr. Brace, in honor of whom the township was named. As the land was still all wild when the Benedict family settled here, it was a year before they could make a clearing and raise a crop, and during the early period of their residence here they suffered many hardships. At first all their provisions had to be hauled from Pittsburg, there being no trading post nearer than that city. They had considerable trouble with the Indians as well as with the wild animals. On one occasion, a certain Sunday, the Benedict family had a rattlesnake hunt, and it is stated as a fact that on that day they killed 425 snakes. William Benedict was prominently identified with the political affairs of his county at that early day. For twenty-five years he served as Justice of the Peace. He was married three times, and had twelve children, five of whom are yet living, two sons and three daughters. The mother of our subject died at the age of fifty-seven years. Of William Benedict, we further state that he was for eighteen months a soldier in the war of 1812. After his father's death, Hiram Benedict bought the interest of the other heirs to his father's estate, and up to the present time has made his home on the old farm. In 1860 the residence and farm buildings here were all destroyed by a cyclone. Hiram Benedict was married June 4, 1863, to Miss Olive M. Bacon, who was born October 15, 1842, daughter of Enos and Kerren Happuch (Brooks) Bacon. They have two children, William F. and Maude I., the son having been educated at Farmington and Can field. William F. was born July 24, 1865, was married August 16, 1892, to Miss Hattie Ernst, and is now a resident of Sherman, Ohio, being the agent and telegraph operator at that place. Maude I. was born March 29, 1867. Mrs. Benedict is a woman of fine intellect and rare social qualities. Assisted by her daughter, she presides over their home in a most charming manner, their hospitality being unbounded and of the truest type. The whole family are members of the Disciple Church, and are active workers in both church and social circles. Mr. Benedict has been a Deacon in the church for many years. Mrs. Benedict is a member of one of the most prominent pioneer families of eastern Ohio, and of the Bacon family we make the following brief record: Enos Bacon, the father of Mrs. Benedict, was born in Bridgeton, New Jersey, in the year 1802, and when he was five years old moved with his parents to what was then the new State of Ohio. He died at Cortland, Trumbull county, at the age of eighty-six years. His life was one of great activity. He affiliated with the Democratic party and held various local offices. He was a novelty manufacturer in wood, and was for many years engaged in the lumber business also. Mrs. Benedict's mother was a native of this county, and died at the old Bacon home place in Cortland, aged fifty-four years. They had seven children, four sons and three daughters, Mrs. Benedict being the youngest. Three of this number are still living. Enos Bacon was a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Harris) Bacon, both natives of New Jersey. Upon their arrival in Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1807, they settled on the margin of the Mahoning river, two miles and a half from Warren, the county seat of Trumbull county. Enos Bacon's father first made the journey to Ohio on foot, a dis- OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 269 tance of 450 miles. Enos Bacon, as above. stated, was a manufacturer, and he was the first man to use steam power in Bazetta township. He stood on deck of the first vessel that ever sailed Lake Erie, and he was also on deck of the vessel in which the celebrated Perry won his victory. Mrs. Benedict's great-grandfather Brooks was a Baptist clergyman and preached General George Washington's funeral sermon. WILLIAM DAVIS, of Cortland, Ohio, is another one of the prominent and wealthy farmers of Trumbull county. He was born on the farm he now owns and occupies, in 1825, son of William Davis, Sr., one of the earliest settlers of this section of the country. The senior Davis was born and reared in Washington county, Pennsylvania, and came from that place to Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1811, making the journey hither by team. When he settled here the -woods abounded in bears and wolves, and there were many Indians in various parts of the State. He built his log cabin near Cortland, improved a good farm of 160 acres, and here passed the rest of his life. His wife, whose maiden name was Ann Luce, was also a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, she being a daughter of the Rev. Mr. Luce, a pioneer preacher in Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Davis were the parents of thirteen children, namely: Susan, Aaron, Mathias, Ruben, Mary, Permila, Eliza, Lucy, Maria, Judson and Stoton (twins), William and Elijah F. Elijah F. is an eminent physician of Cleveland, Ohio. The father of this family was a soldier in the war of 1812. He died at the age of seventy-eight years. His wife lived to the advanced age of ninety-nine. - 19 - William Davis, with whose name we begin this sketch, was reared on his father's farm until he was fifteen. At that youthful age he started out upon his own responsibility. To-day he is the owner of about 1,000 acres of land, being ranked with the largest taxpayers of the county, and nearly all of his accumulations are the result of his own honest toil and good management. For a number of years he has been largely engaged in the stock business, raising, buying and selling stock. At the age of twenty-eight, in Johnston township, this county, Mr. Davis married Olive Deming. They have three children: Sarah, wife of Frank Freer, lives in Bazetta township, has three children; Frank, who married Nellie Green, has one child, Olive, their home being in Mecca township, this county; and Walter, a resident of Bazetta township, married Clara Hahusk, and has one child, Irene. Mr. Davis has long been an ardent Republican, but has never been an office-seeker, He helped to organize the Bank of Cortland, of which institution he is vice-president, and lie is also a stockholder in the Western Re. serve Bank, of Warren. Mr. Davis is a man of strong physique, weighing about 230 pounds, and by nature is frank and jovial. Few men in Trumbull county have more friends than he. While Mr. Davis is not a member of any church, he is a liberal contributor to all denominations. B. T. BATTLES, a prominent citizen of Bazetta township, Trumbull county, Ohio, is a veteran of the late war, and is at present Commander of the Burrow-Co- 270 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY burn Post, No. 466, G. A. R., of Cortland. The following brief sketch of his life is appropriate in this work: B. T. Battles was born in Weathersfield township, Trumbull county, Ohio, August 28, 1840. Edward Battles, his father, was born in Trumbull county, Ohio. He was married here to Catherine Orah, a native of Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, and a daughter of George Orah, one of the early settlers of Warren. Mr. Battles died near Warren, at the age of seventy-seven years, and his widow is still living, now in her eighty-fourth year, making her home with her children. He was a farmer by occupation, and in politics was a Democrat. They had nine children, three sons and six daughters, namely: Lucy Jane, George, Mary, Elizabeth, Charlotte, Benjamin T., Almira, Priscilla and Ed Emery. B. T. Battles was reared on his father's farm, and his. education was limited to that of the common schools. When the Civil war came on he was among the brave boys who donned the blue. He enlisted October 5, 1861, in Company G, Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was honorably discharged December 31, 1863, his term of enlistment having expired. He at once re-enlisted in the same company and regiment, and served until April 5, 1865, when he was again honorably discharged, this time receiving a surgeon's certificate and being discharged on account of disability. He participated in many a hotly contested battle. Among the engagements in which he took part we mention those of Pittsburg Landing, Siege of Corinth, Stone River, Perryville, Crab Orchard, Peach Tree Creek, Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Atlanta and Chickamauga. At Atlanta he received a painful wound in the hand, was taken to the rear and was sent to Vinning Station, thence to Chattanooga, and from there to Indianapolis, where he received his final discharge. The war over, he returned to Trumbull county, and after spending nine years in Howland and Weathersfield townships, came to his present location in Bazetta township, where he has since lived. Mr. Battles was married February 23, 1864, to Miss Susan Hake, who was born and reared in Howland township, daughter of George and Catherine (Wortman) Hake, natives of Pennsylvania, and early settlers of Trumbull county, both now deceased. Her father died at the age of eighty-one, her mother at eighty-three. By a previous marriage her father had five children, and by her mother he also had five children, the names of the latter being Jacob, William, Susan, Eliza and Seth. Mr. and Mrs. Battles have four children: Lunie, wife of John Chapin, of Nelson, Ohio, has two children, Harry and Fred; Edward, a resident of Warren, Ohio; and Seth and Bert, both at home. Mr. Battles and his wife are both members of the Disciple Church, and his political views are those advocated by the Republican party. ROBERT C. PINKERTON, a venerable citizen of Bazetta township Trumbull county, Ohio, is ranked with the early settlers of this vicinity. He was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, October 9, 1810, a son of William Pinkerton, also a native of Pennsylvania, and a grandson of William Pinkerton, Sr., of Scotch-lrish descent. William Pinkerton was a soldier in the war of 1812. He married Hannah Kenedy, a native of Chester county, Penn- OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 271 sylvania, and a daughter of Montgomery Kenedy, who was born in Ireland. William and Hannah Pinkerton emigrated to Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1826, and for four years lived in Bristolville. In 1832 they settled in the neighborhood in which Robert C. now lives, and here they spent the rest of their lives, her death occurring when she was seventy-eight, and he having reached the age of eighty three. They had eight_ children as follows: Joseph, Mary, Charlotte, William, Robert C., Samuel, Tirzah and Tabitha. At this writing only two of the number.survive. William Pinkerton was a farmer all his life. He was a Democrat and in religious belief a Presbyterian. Robert C. Pinkerton spent his boyhood days on a farm in his native county, and, in 1826, at the age of sixteen came to Howland township, where he lived one year, thence removing to Bristol township, and finally to the township in which he now resides. He was married June 7, 1838, in Bazetta township, to Eliza Freer, a native of Geneva, New York. At the age of thirteen she came to this county with her parents, Gideon and Jane (Winnagle) Freer, both natives of New York. Mr. and Mrs. Freer both died in Bazetta township, at the ages of eighty-seven and seventy-four years respectively. They had six children: Eliza M., Henry, Elvira, Hiram, Jeremiah and Harriet. Mr. and Mrs. Pinkerton have seven children: Gideon Freer, who resides in this township; James M., a resident of Warren, Ohio; Andrew, also of this township; Jerusha, wife of John Harold, Akron, Ohio; Lewis C., who died at the age of thirty-one years; EMogene, wife of D. Tickner, Warren, Ohio; and Henry J. Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. Pinkerton celebrated their golden wedding several years ago. They still live on the old farm on which they settled in 1838, and where they are now surrounded with all the comforts of life. This farm comprises 135 acres. Henry J. Pinkerton was born January 31, 1859. He was married April 10, 1889, to Lizzie Bair, who was born at Niles, Ohio, a daughter of George and Hattie (Coyle) Bair, of Warren, and who, previous to her marriage, was a popular and successful teacher in this county. Mr. Pinkerton has served the public as Trustee of his township. S. C. CLARK, Cortland, Ohio, has been identified with the business interests of this town during the past decade. Mr. Clark was born in Vienna, Trumbull county, Ohio, May 20, 1838. His father, David Clark, a native of Connecticut, died in Vienna, in 1852, his widow surviving him until 1878. They had seven children. David Clark was a farmer all his life; politically, was first a Whig and afterward a Republican; religiously, was an active and earnest member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. S. C. Clark was reared on his father's farm and his education was received in the district schools. When the war came on the subject of our sketch was one of the brave boys who donned the blue and entered the Union ranks. He enlisted in the fall of 1861, in the Second Ohio Cavalry, and rendered efficient service for fourteen months. He was with the forces that operated in the South and West, seeing service in Kansas, Indian Territory, Arkansas and Missouri, and being in several skirmishes with General Price's troops, and also with General Marmaduke's forces. Having received an honorable discharge, Mr. Clark returned to Trumbull county, 272 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY Ohio, and at Bristol worked at the trade of mason for some time. At the age of twenty-five he was married, at Bristol, to Miss Abigail Saterlee, a native of Ohio, and a daughter of Hiram Saterlee. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have two children: B. E. Clark, a traveling salesman; and Lillie, wife of L. B. Thompson, of Atlanta, Georgia, who is assistant night chief in the Western Union office. As already stated Mr. Clark has been engaged in business at Cortland for the past ten years. He carries a full and complete line of drugs, patent medicines, stationery, fancy articles, etc., and is not only classed with the leading business men of the town. but also holds prominent rank in fraternal circles. He is a member of the G. A. R., Burrow Coburn Post, and of the Masonic order, Lodge No. 529, A. F. & A. M. R. S. HART has long been identified with the interests of Brookfield township, Trumbull county, and is one of the prominent men of his vicinity. He was born in Burlington, Connecticut, June 29, 1814, son of Orenus and Sabra (Lewis) Hart. The other members of his father's family were Charles, Blucher, Adeline and Henry. R. S. was next to the oldest. Orenus Hart spent twenty-one years of his life in the schoolroom as instructor, after which he retired to the farm, and spent the rest of his days in agricultural pursuits. His father bought 460 acres of land in the place where the Cleveland coal shaft is, in Brookfield township. He was a Fife Major in the Revolutionary war. It was in 1822 that Orenus Hart arrived in Ohio, he having made the journey here with an ox team. He was fitted both by education and by natural ability to occupy a. leading place among the pioneer settlers, and his opinion and advice were frequeptly sought. For a number of years he served as School Commissioner, his duty being to examine the teachers. Both he and his wife were members of the Disciple Church. R. S. Hart has been twice married. In 1838 he wedded Mary A. Christy, who died in 1870. She was the mother of fourteen children, seven of whom died in infancy. The names of the others are: Orenus, Seth, Dennis B., John, Florence F., Emeline and Martha. In 1873 Mr. Hart married Mary E. Scofield, his present companion. They are members of the Disciple Church. At an early day Mr. Hart was extensively engaged in the cattle business, buying and shipping to Eastern markets. He was one of the first men in this vicinity to lease his land for coal-mining purposes. Some of his land has been operated in this way since 1861. He votes with the Republican party and takes a commendable interest in local affairs. He has served the public as Trustee, Constable and Justice of the Peace, always performing his duty with the strictest fidelity. W. R. McFARLAND, proprietor of a hotel at Orangeville, Ohio, was born in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, April 20, 1856. He is one of the family of five children born to A. and Melinda McFarland. Until recently he was engaged in farming in this county, being the owner of 174 acres of land here, which he still retains. The hotel he is now running was formerly in the hands of his father-in-law, Mr. Pow- OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO - 273 ers. Mr. McFarland is a man of genial and obliging disposition, and seems to be especially adapted for the business in which lie lately embarked. In politics he is a Republican. Aside from his farm and hotel business, he is the owner of residence property in Orangeville. December 24, 1878, Mr. McFarland married Miss Ella Powers. Their only child living is Archie, born July 2, 1883. M. W. COOK, who has been in the railroad business for many years, and is now living on a farm in Johnston township, Trumbull county, Ohio, was born in Columbiana county, this State, September 13, 1833. Job Cook, his father, was for many years one of the prominent citizens of Trumbull county. He was born in Columbiana county, in 1806, son of Thomas Cook, a veteran of the war of 1812. As far back. as their history has been traced the Cooks have been Quakers and have been among the leading people of the various localities in which they have lived. Job Cook's wife was before her marriage Miss Rachel Taylor. She was a woman of marked intelligence and was a member of a highly respected family. Her birthplace was in New Jersey, and Anthony Taylor, of that State, was her father. Mr. and Mrs. Cook located in Newton Falls about 1830, and some years later they removed to Lordstown, Trumbull county. At Warren Mrs. Cook was killed by a runaway horse, when she was fifty-five years age. The father lived to be seventy-five. They reared three children, namely: M. W., subject of this article; Charles, also a resident of Johnston township, Trumbull county; and Eliza Chamberlain, Niles, Ohio. One son, Anthony, was accidently killed by an ox team, he being sixteen years old. Job Cook was by trade a shoemaker. He also carried on farming operations. Politically, he was a Republican; religiously, a Disciple. M. W. Cook was reared in Trumbull county. In 1861 he engaged in railroad business, which he followed successfully for a number of years. He had charge of railroad construction at various places and was in the employ of several companies. From 1871 until 1874 he was in Indianapolis, whence he went to La Salle county, Illinois, where he remained for some years in the employ of the Wabash Railroad Company. After that he was for several years employed by the Missouri Pacific Railroad and the St. Louis & Iron Mountain Railroad Companies. He served as assistant railroad claim agent for some time and was for a while located at little Rock, Askansas. In 1890 Mr. Cook came back to Trumbull county, Ohio, and settled down on a farm in Johnston township, where lie has since resided. Here he owns a nice little home and has forty-six acres of good farming land. When he was twenty-six Mr. Cook was married to Esther A. Post, daughter of Charles and Julia Post, and previous to her marriage a successful teacher. Her widowed mother, now eighty-four years of age, is a resident of this township. Mr. and Mrs. Cook have two sons, C. H. and W. L. The former is a printer by trade and has been in the West for several years. The latter is a resident of Streator, Illinois. They lost two children, George M. and Frank, aged eleven and four years respectively. Mr. Cook is a Justice of the Peace, to which office he was elected by the Republican party. He is a member of Erie Lodge, No. 3, A. F. & A. M. During his railroad 274 - BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY experience, which took him into various localities and brought him in contact with men of all classes, he gained a fund of valu. able information. He is a man of broad and progressive views, is of frank and genial nature, honorable and upright in all his dealings, did he has the respect of all who know him. LESTER C. HINE, one of the well known citizens of Johnston township, Trumbull county, Ohio, was born on the farm where he now lives, October 3, 1857, son of Niram Hine, one of the prominent early residents of this county. Niram Hine was a son of Daniel Hine, an early settler of this township, and was reared and married here, the lady of his choice being Betsey A. Dickerson, daughter of Samuel and Betsey (Ensign) Dickerson. Her father was born April 16, 1787. Niram and Betsey Hine had seven children: Harvey, Frank, Laura, Homer, Phoebe, Alton and Lester C. Harvey, Frank and Homer are deceased. The father died May 3, 1874, and the mother passed away April 23, 1890. Both were members of the Congregational Church. He was a Republican in politics, and held various local offices. Lester C. Hine was reared on his father's farm, was early inured to hard work, and his education was that received in the common schools. He spent two years in Grant county, Wisconsin, engaged in the manufacture of cheese, being a pioneer in the cheese business in that part of Wisconsin. The old home farm on which he now lives comprises 260 acres, and is well improved with good buildings, fences, etc. He keeps a dairy of forty cows, and has a small cheese factory here on his farm, where he makes first-class cheese. Mr. Hine was married November 25, 1879, at Platteville; Wisconsin, to Miss Katie M. Neeley, daughter of Robert and Helen N. (Chase) Neeley, residents of Grant county, Wisconsin. Her parents located in that county in 1848, moving there from the East. Her father was a native of Mercer county, Pennsylvania, and her mother of New York State. Mrs. Neeley is a granddaughter of ex-Governor Robinson, of Vermont. Following are the names of Mr. and Mrs. Neeley's children: Henry, Mary, Katie, Nellie, Fannie, Robert and Benjamin. Previous to her marriage Mrs. Hine was engaged in teaching. Mr. and Mrs. Hine have six children: Frank, Helen, Neeley, Betsey, Mary and Florence. They lost one, Henry, -who died at the age of six months. Mr. Hine is a member of Cortland Lodge, No. 529, A. F. & A. M. Politically, he is a Republican. He is a man in the prime of life, has a frank and genial nature, and few men in this vicinity have more friends than he. NICHOLAS COOK, a venerable citizen of Brookfield township, Trumbull county, Ohio, is the sire of a prosperous and highly respected family. He was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1805, one of a family of three, he being the only one of that number now living. He was married in 1828 to Eva Miller, and in time they became the parents of six children. He brought with him to this country that thrift and energy which is so characteristic of the people of his native land, and here his life has been passed on the farm, his children and grandchildren also becoming tillers of the soil. The family are all identified with the Lutheran Church.