100 - HISTORY OF OHIO old when the family moved to Fairfield County and took up residence in the town of Carroll, where he attended the public schools and later took a course in the old Pleasantville Norman School, after which, when but seventeen years old, he began to teach school and in this way partly provided for his musical education, for it early became evident that he had unusual musical talent. When but fifteen years old Mr. Sands became a member of the town band at Carroll, and in less than a year afterward he was made leader of the organization, and his future career as a musician was definitely settled. Familiar as he is with every band instrument, Mr. Sands is especially proficient on the cornet. Before deciding to become a band teacher and bandmaster he thoroughly prepared himself in a technical way, placing himself for the study of harmony and composition under the celebrated Professor Kurtz at Wilmington, Delaware, this instructor being a graduate of the Conservatory of Leipsic, Germany, and the talented young student made rapid progress. In 1898 Mr. Sands came to Columbus and entered upon professional work, and in 1900 he became assistant leader of the band of the Fourth Infantry, National Guard of Ohio, not long afterward becoming leader, succeeding the late Jesse Worthington. Under Mr. Sands, careful and intelligent training the organization was developed into a superior concert band and one that has been heard in many states of the Union, visited on the Redpath Lyceum and Chautauqua circuits. For a number of years no important public exercises' over the state were considered complete without this band's presence, and it took a very prominent part in all the exercises in connection with the celebration of the state's Centennial. In 1916, under Mr. Sands, leadership, the Fourth Ohio Infantry Band went to the Mexican border and remained until February, 1917, and the organization was immediately mustered out on its return to Ohio. Almost immediately following the country's declaration of war with Germany the old Fourth Infantry was mustered into the United States Army, with the title of the One Hundred and Sixty-sixth Infantry, and with his band Mr. Sands went with this regiment into the famous Rainbow (Forty-second) Division, which crossed the sea in October, 1917, and was one of the first American divisions to reach the battle front in France. It is on record that this band was present and in active duty on the front line of battle when the first American troopers succeeded in breaking through what had been declared Hindenberg's impenetrable line, and the fine spirit its music evoked was conspicuous on this and other occasions during the heroic work of the One Hundred and Sixty-sixth, in the Luneville sector, the Baccarat sector, the Champagne-Marne defensive, the Aisne-Marne offensive, the St. Mihiel offensive, in the Esrey and Pannes sector and the Argonne-Meuse major operations. Finally the band went with the Army of Occupation to the Rhine, and Mr. Sands remained there as its leader until the spring of 1919. While in France Mr. Sands had been commissioned a lieutenant, being one of twelve band leaders who took examination under Director Damrosch in Paris, who were found eligible for a commission without further schooling. Mr. Sands was married at Carroll, Ohio, to Miss Katura Oberle of that place, and they have two sons and four daughters: Harold, Ralph, Mrs. Edith Williams of St. Louis, Missouri, Marie, Helena and Hazel. The sons, Harold and Ralph Sands, were members of the Fourth Infantry Band in France during the World war, all of the children having marked musical ability. After his honorable discharge from the army Mr. Sands retired from band leadership, but probably, after so long and distinguished connection with this profession, can never entirely lose interest in it. Upon his return to Columbus he became identified with the Ohio Bureau of Credits, an important business corporation, of which he is now president and manager. He has a wide acquaintance in musical circles over the country, and at times has had membership in representative musical organizations. CHRISTOPHER LEWIS is a business man at Lorain, and has spent most of his active career in Northern Ohio. For a number of years he was a rolling mill worker, but is now in business as a sign painter. He was born at Wheatland, Pennsylvania, September 16, 1872, son of Christopher and ElleBu (Davis) Lewis. His father was born in England, son of John and Elizabeth Lewis, who in 1836 came to the United States and settled at Mount Savage, Maryland. Christopher Lewis after his marriage to Ellen Davis, who was born at Danville, Pennsylvania, remained there, and he followed his trade as a rolling mill worker. In 1870 he moved to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and in 1878 brought his family to Columbus, Ohio, but soon returned to Harrisburg. In 1897 he moved to Lorain, Ohio, and bought a hotel and conducted it for several years. He finally returned to Columbus, Ohio, and died in 1903. His wife passed away in 1881. Christopher Lewis, Jr., lived with his parents in several of the communities mentioned above, aBud was educated in public schools until he was twelve years of age. He began his working career as a messenger boy for the Columbus Buggy Company. In April, 1902, Mr. Lewis married Susan Murry, who was born at Johnstown, Pennsylvania, daughter of James and Jane (McGowan) Murry, her father a native of Pennsylvania and her mother of Ireland. After his marriage Mr. Lewis moved to Sandusky, Ohio, and for three years was a roll turner in the Lorain steel plant. Picking another vocation, he learned sign painting, and after five years of apprenticeship and journeyman work he engaged in the business for himself. Since 1913 he has had shop and office at 607 Broadway in Lorain, a has built up a very satisfactory business in th line. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis have three children, Ellen Jane, Leah and Donald. He is affiliated with Lodge No. 1301, Benevolent and Protective Order of El at Lorain, and has served as vice president a chaplain of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, No. 3 SIDNEY B. ROYCE has been known in burin circles in Lorain County for a number of years, an is proprietor of one of the high class undertaki establishments of the City of Lorain. Mr. Royce was born at Youngsville, in Sullivan County, New York, August 15, 1882, and his paren natives of the same county, were Frank and Caroline (Brown) Royce. In his native community Sidney B. Royce grew up and was educated in the public schools to the age of fifteen. He was an apt student and receiving his teacher 's certificate he began teaching in a country school at the age of sixteen. He followed that vocation four years, and then, going to Philadelphia, was employed three years in the wholesale paper house of Charles Beck. His experience in the undertaking business was acquire at Milton, Pennsylvania, where he remained thr years. He then came to Lorain, Ohio, and w four years for the undertaking firm of Wickins. Ransom. After this be engaged in business himself at Milton, Pennsylvania, remaining several years, and on" coming to Lorain took of the Mary Wicken undertaking business. In HISTORY OF OHIO - 101 he and Fred J. Fry bought the establishment, and the firm was Fry and Royce until 1922. Since October, 1922, Mr. Royce has continued the business under his own name. He has a fine modern two story building of ten rooms at 700 West Erie Avenue, with all modern equipment, and his individual experience makes his service a thoroughly adequate one. In June, 1917, Mr. Royce married Miriam Sears a native of Milton, Pennsylvania, and daughter of Clarence E. and Mary (McQueery) Sears, also natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. Royce is a member of the Congregational Church and a trustee therein. He is a republican, belongs to the Lions Club and the Lorain Auto Club, is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge, the Royal Arch Chapter, and with the Maccabees at Jeffersonville, New York, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks Lodge No. 1301 FRANK GEORGE CAREK. One of Lorain County's successful business men has been Frank George Carek, who is a past master of everything connected th the growing of flowers. In addition to his work a flower culturist he was in the meat business al for a number of years. He was born in Bohemia, April 12, 1861, was 41 there, and at the age of eighteen came America and located at Baltimore, Maryland. He was in the general merchandise business for twelve years. On account of his wife's illness he came West and located at Cleveland, Ohio, where he engaged in the retail meat business for one year. His meat business in Lorain has been turned over to his son-in-law, Herbert Hahn. Mr. Carek has been in the general floral business since 1908. He has his greenhouse at 20 North Ridge, and raises and handles a great variety of cut flowers. He has a retail establishment at the West Side Market House in Elyria, and two shops in Lorain, one at 713 Broadway and the other 2041 Broadway. In Vienna, Austria, in 1885 Mr. Carek married Josephine Stolba, who was born in Bohemia, March 28, 1862. Seven children were born to their marriage: Rudolph, who died in infancy; Frank, who died at the age of five years; Emma, who died when four years old; Josephine, wife of Herbert Hahn, manager of the Carek Meat Market; Antonia and Luce, both working with their father, and Paulina who died at the age of twenty-one, the wife of Charles Mecera. Mr. Carek is affiliated with Masonic Order, the Modern Woodmen of America the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Loyal Order of Moose, and also belongs to the fraternal Associates R. A. D., S. O. B. E. and S. A. L. E at Lorain. He is a member of the Lions Club. Mrs Carek, who is an active business partner with her husband, is a member of the Pythian Sisters and the Royal Neighbors. CHARLES PETERSON now has his home and business headquarters at the City of Lorain. He spent a number of years as a traveling salesman and contractor, and has an extensive and successful experience in the roofing business, handling all kinds or modern composition roofing materials. He was born at Geneva, Crawford County, Pennsylvania, June 1, 1885. His parents, James and Mary (Adams) Peterson, were born in the same locality of Pennsylvania. His father was in the lumber business in Western Pennsylvania, and subsequently moved to Akron, Ohio, where he also engaged in the composition roof business. He died while on a business trip at Bluefield, West Virginia and his widow still lives in Akron. Charles Peterson attended school at Kushequa, Pennsylvania, until he was fourteen years of age While employed in a printing office he learned the trade, but six years later went to Cleveland, his parents in the meantime having moved to Akron. While in Cleveland he learned the roofing business, and was sent on the road as a traveling representative of the H. W. Johns-Manville Company, one of the largest and best known firms manufacturing asbestos roofing materials. He represented that company seven years, and then became general superintendent for the National Roofing Company of Cleveland. After four years he was made general superintendent for the State of Ohio in the roofing department of the Cleveland-Akron Bag Company. He was with that firm four years, and then established himself independently in business at Lorain as dealer and contractor in a general line of asphalt and asbestos slate roofing materials. He has supplied the material and has handled contracts for some of the large roofing jobs in this section of Ohio. His office and business headquarters are at 331 Augusta Avenue, in Lorain. September 21, 1915, he married Miss Evelyn Clark, who was born in Cleveland, December 7, 1899, daughter of Kirkland and Anna Mary (Davis) Clark. Her father is a native of Tiro, Ohio, and her mother of Peoria, Illinois. Mrs. Peterson finished her education with one year in the Cleveland High School, and before her marriage was secretary to Finance Director Neal, under the administration of Harry L. Davis as mayor of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Peterson have one son, Howard, born September 3, 1919. Mr. Peterson is an independent in politics. He is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge of Lorain, he and his wife being members of the Eastern Star, and his other fraternal affiliations are with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Loyal Order of Moose and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. RUTHERFORD HAYES PLATT, a Columbus attorney with offices in the Martin Building, has practiced law forty-five years, and has earned numerous distinctions in his profession, in business and in civic affairs. Mr. Platt's mother, Fanny A. Hayes, was the only sister of Ohio's soldier and statesman, Rutherford B. Hayes, afterwards President of the United States. She was born in Delaware County, Ohio. The father of Mr. Platt was William A. Platt, who when an infant was brought by his grandparents from Lanesboro, Massachusetts, in 1817. He was a prominent business man in Central Ohio, and at one time was president of the Columbus Gas Company. Rutherford Hayes Platt was born in Columbus, Ohio, September 6, 1853. He had all the advantages of a young man of good social position, and in 1874 graduated from Yale College. In 1879 he finished his course at the Columbus Law School, having spent two years meantime traveling in Europe. Mr. Platt engaged in practice at Columbus in 1879, and throughout the years has carried on an individual law practice. For twelve years he has served as president of the Columbus & Xenia Railroad, which is now operated as a part of the Pennsylvania lines. He was formerly president of the Green Lawn Cemetery Association, and for twelve years, until he resigned, was chairman of the State Board of Charities. He had two sons in the World war, and he himself served as chairman of the Local Draft Board No. 3. Mr. Platt is an independent republican in politics. For many years he served as a vestryman of Trinity Episcopal Church, and is a member of numerous social clubs. He married Maryette Andrews Smith, of a distinguished family. She is a granddaughter of Judge Joseph R. Swan, former chief justice of the Supreme 102 - HISTORY OF OHIO Court of Ohio, and author of many historic decisions. Mrs. Platt is a daughter of Capt. Robert S. Smith, who was an attorney and was a captain in the Union army during the Civil war. Captain Smith was a nephew of the distinguished Indianan, Caleb B. Smith, who was secretary of the Interior in Lincoln's Cabinet. Mrs. Platt is well known in Columbus in church and charitable work. Four children were born to their marriage. The two sons, both of whom were in service during the World war, are Robert S. and Rutherford H., Jr., while the third son, Joseph Swan, is now a senior in Yale College. The only daughter, Emily, is a senior in St. Timothy 's School at Catonsville, Maryland. The son Robert S. was a captain, and did instructor 's duty at various army camps, and is now a professor in the University of Chicago. Rutherford H., Jr., was a first lieutenant of field artillery, and commanded a battery overseas and was with the Army of Occupation in Germany. He is now connected with the New York publishing house of Doubleday Page and Company. JOSEPH P. TRAXLER started life with the supreme talent of music, and his successful business career has been closely identified with music and musical instruments. He is head of a prosperous musical merchandise house in the City of Lorain. He was born at Avon, Ohio, December 23, 1866, son of Nicholas T. and Mary (Parsch) Traxler. His mother was born in Ohio and his father in Germany. His father was fifteen years old when the grandfather, also Nicholas Traxler, brought the family to America and settled in Cleveland. Nicholas T. Traxler spent his active career as a farmer at Avon in Lorain County. Joseph P. Traxler was educated in common schools, and lived at home and continued his schooling until he was seventeen. For about three years after that he did farm work. He manifested a strong inclination for music when a child, and at the age of twelve years was head of a small orchestra at Avon, and continued it until he was about nineteen years old, when he moved to Lorain. While he has never taken any formal instruction, he has mastered some of the most difficult musical instruments, including the violin, the bass viol, the base horn and other instruments. When he moved to Lorain he spent about a year working in the old brass works, and then took up business as a dealer in organs. Later, when pianos were reduced in price so as to be within the reach of people in moderate circumstances, he began selling pianos, and for many years has continued a successful business. He now handles his musical merchandise, pianos, phonographs and other instruments direct from his residence. Individually he has been a noted musician in this section of Ohio. He has played the bass horn in circuses and concert companies for many years, and has been a member of the Lorain City Band, conducted an orchestra in Lorain for a number of years, and he still plays as a member of the Kiefer Orchestra. Mr. Traxler had a fine modern home built at 205 East Thirty-fourth Street in Lorain in 1918. On December 17, 1888, he married Miss Mary Wagner, a native of Avon, Ohio, and daughter of John and Lena Wagner. She died July 23, 1895. There were four children of this marriage: Albert, who died in infancy; Bessie, who died at the age of three and one-half years; Bertha, who died when three years old; and Cora. On February 9, 1898, Mr. Traxler married Ella Wilson, who was born near Bowling Green, Ohio, February 28, 1875, daughter of Joseph and Samantha (Brandeberry) Wilson. Mr. Traxler is a democrat, and is a charter member of Lorain Lodge No. 1301, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and also belongs to the Fraternal Order of Eagles. SIMON OLSZEWSKI was well known both in Akron and in Lorain, being a very able and prosperous building contractor. He died at Lorain, May 16, 1917, at the comparatively early age of fifty-seven years. He was born in Germany, July 11, 1860, and was reared and educated in that country. In September, 1886, he married Bertha Blaszkiewicz, who was born in Prussia, Germany, December 9, 1866. On coming to America they settled at Cleveland. Simon Olszewski followed his trade as a carpenter in that city until 1904, when he moved to Lorain. Here he continued work at his trade until 1911, when he located at Akron and engaged in a successful business as a building contractor for six years. He was a man of great thoroughness in his business, and had those qualities that secured him general esteem in every community where he lived. He was a democrat in politics. Mrs. Olszewski now resides at 1161 Eighth Street in Lorain. She also owns a fine residence property in Akron. She is a republican in politics, is a member of the Catholic Church of the Nativity, a longs to the Royal Neighbors and other organizations. Mrs. Olszewski became the mother of five children: Lottie, wife of Louis Gravens, of Akron, and the mother of three children, named Henry, Irene and Bernice; John, who died when five years old; Antony, who died January 13, 1922, at the age of thirty-one years; Martha, who died when four years old, and Victoria, who lives with her mother, and has one daughter, Angelyn Felicia. PETER DIETZ is one of the very successful building contractors in the City of Lorain. As a youth he learned the building trade in the old country, and his working experience has covered a wide extent of territory. He is familiar in building methods not only in Germany and America, but also in South America. He was born at Bebra, Hesse Nassau, Germany, April 2, 1875, son of Martin and Sophia (Spohr) Dietz. His parents spent their lives in Germany. Peter Dietz was educated in the common schools, also attended a technical school there, and served a thorough apprenticeship at carpentry and cabinet making. He was a young man of twenty-one when he arrived at Lorain, Ohio, in 1896. Instead of employment at his trade, he did farm work for about a year. In 1897 he left, intending to go to South Africa. He got as far as Brazil, South America, where he found an attractive opportunity to work at his trade, and soon became superintendent of a large shop there. He remained in Brazil and married there, and in 1905 returned to Lorain, Ohio. He engaged in journeyman work until 1910, and then engaged in business for himself. He has specialized in residence construction and also in the finer grades of house carpentry and cabinet making. He employs from six to ten men the year around. In 1916 he built a handsome modern home of his own at 1040 Tenth Street, and has his shop in the rear. In June, 1901, Mr. Dietz married Miss Adelia Grevsmuehl. She was born in Blumeneau, State of Santa Catherina, United States of Brazil. They are the parents of four children, all at home, named Elizabeth, Paul, Edith and Albert. Paul is a student of Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, as is also Edith. Mr. Dietz takes an active part in local affairs at Lorain, and for about six years was a member and for two years president of the council of St. John's Evangelical Church. He is independent HISTORY OF OHIO - 103 in politics, is a member of the Lorain Automobile Club, and Lodge No. 1301, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, No. 343, at Lorain. JESSE WILBUR GROOMES. For a young man to start out without capital and solely through his skill as a technical worker establish a successful business and be its proprietor at the age of thirty-three is an achievement indicative of the possession of more than ordinary qualities of enterprise and business judgment. That has been the achievement of Jesse Wilbur Groomes, one of the active young business men of Lorain. He was born at Uhrichsville, Ohio, December 30, 1890, son of Edward and Lydia (Albert) Groomes. When he was a year and one-half old he was taken by J. P. Angel of Lorain, and he grew up in his family and household. He had the opportunity to attend the public schools to the age of sixteen, and since then has been forging his own destiny. For a year and one-half he worked in a clothing store, for one year drove a milk wagon in Cleveland, and then went to work in the Lorain plant of the National Stove Company. He learned the plating trade, and in 1920, with his technical skill and a modest capital, he established the Lorain Plating Works, the only exclusive customs establishment of the kind in the city. He has the facilities for all kinds of this work. His business is at 1014 Second Street. February 24, 1910, Mr. Groomes married Miss Elsie Marsh, a native of Cleveland, daughter of Jack and Minnie Marsh. They have one son, Wilbur Clarence, born May 15, 1911. Mr. Groomes and wife are members of the Church of Christ. He is a democrat, and is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, and has held all the chairs in the Fraternal Order of Eagles, except vice president. CHARLES CASE FARAGHER. During his active life-time one of the busiest and most energetic business men of the City of Lorain, Charles Case Faragher represented the pioneer family of that section of Ohio. He was born in Sheffield Township, since included within the city limits of Lorain, on May 3, 1867, son of John and Amelia Catherine (Moore) Faragher. His mother was also born in Sheffield Township, her parents coming from Connecticut and settling as pioneers in Sheffield Township of Lorain County, where they reared a large family. John Faragher was born on the Isle of Man, and was a child when his parents came to America and settled in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The Faraghers became sailors on the Great Lakes, and eventually located on farms in old Sheffield Township. John Faragher after his marriage lived on a farm near Lorain. He was also a sailor, commanding one of the old fashioned sailing schooners. Frequently he would anchor his boat off shore from his farm, and employ his crew in helping perform the farm work. He was killed by run away horse at the outskirts of Elyria about 1888. His widow, who was born December 27, 1842, now lives on East Erie Avenue in Lorain. Their children were: Nellie, wife of George Crehore, of Lorain; Bert of Lorain, who married Alice Woodruff ; Delia Ann, who married William Todd, of Lorain; Charles Case; John L., a dairy and food inspector living at Lorain; Emma, who died when thirteen years old; Harry T., deceased; Lottie, wife of Allen Cameron, of Lorain, and Theron M., of Lorain. Charles Case Faragher was educated in the public schools of Lorain, and attended Wadsworth Collee and the Oberlin Business College. After his father’s death he managed the farm for a time, and subsequently began contracting in sewer construction. On November 15, 1893, he married Miss Minnie Watkins. Mrs. Faragher was born at Grass Lake, Jackson County, Michigan, February 21, 1870, daughter of Howard Fitzgerald and Mary E. (Watson) Watkins. Her father was born at Norvell, Michigan, and her mother at Penn Yan, New York. Her paternal grandparents were Freeman Carpenter and Philinda (Fitzgerald) Watkins, the former a native of Keene, New Hampshire, and the latter of Connecticut. Her maternal grandparents were James and Jane (Clark) Watson, both natives of New England and of Scotch ancestry. Mrs. Faragher was educated in the grammar and high schools of Grass Lake, Michigan. She had the distinction of being the first girl stenographer employed by the great Chicago music firm of Lyon & Healy. After his marriage Charles C. Faragher took up his residence on a portion of the John Faragher farm. In association with Gurnie Randall he engaged in contracting work, building sewers, laying paving and installing public utility facilities. It was a business that grew and brought him to a substantial position in the business community before his death, which occurred March 13, 1912. Mr. Faragher owned about sixteen acres of his father 's old farm. He also owned eighty-five feet of frontage at 1851 East Erie Avenue, and extending back to low water mark. On this he had his home, and in 1921 Mrs. Faragher built a Colonial type of residence there. This she now occupies with her only surviving daughter. This daughter, Ruth Hayward, was born December 18, 1899, and is the wife of Ray Baker. She has one child, Robert Case, born May 4, 1922. The other child of Mr. and Mrs. Faragher was Eleanor, born July 5, 1905, and died March 26, 1906. The late Mr. Faragher attended the Methodist Church and was a republican in politics. He was a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. Mrs. Faragher is a member of Queen City Chapter of the Eastern Star, and belongs to the Nathan Perry Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. She is also a member of the East Side Literary Club, the Women's Voters League, and is active in church missionary and other auxiliary societies. GAYLORD R. LEWIS is a loyal citizen who has had the ability and the willingness to accord to his native State of Ohio a constructive service of distinct value, and appreciation of this service has been shown in his selection for the office of chief of the state fair division of the Ohio Department of Agriculture, and for that of lecturer of the Ohio State Grange, in the affairs of which he is a recognized leader. He maintains his official headquarters at Columbus, the capital city. His home is at Findlay, the judicial center of Hancock County, and in that county he is the owner of two fine farms, to the general supervision of which he gives his personal attention. Mr. Lewis was born in Allen Township, Hancock County, Ohio, on the 6th of January, 1889, and is a son of James R. and Emma May (Strother) Lewis, his paternal grandparents having been born in Pennsylvania and having come to Ohio when they were young folk. Mr. Lewis was about two years old at the time of his parents, removal to Hardin County, in 1891, and there he was reared on the home farm, in which connection he permanently fixed his loyalty to the great basic industry of agriculture, of which he has become a leading exponent in the old Buckeye State. He received the advantages of the public schools, and through his study, wide reading and broad experience he has become a man of liberal education and mature judgment. He finally returned to his native county, where his individual interests have since continued to be centered. In January, 104 - HISTORY OF OHIO 1923, Hon. C. V. Truax, director of the Department of Agriculture of the State of Ohio, appointed Mr. Lewis chief of the state fair division of that department, with headquarters at Columbus. In this office Mr. Lewis has direct executive charge of all matters pertaining to the great Ohio State Fair, which is held annually in Columbus and which has become one of the most successful enterprises of this order in the entire United States. The fair grounds at Columbus are valued at $3,000,000, and in 1923 the fair had the benefit of a legislative appropriation of $300,000 for additional grounds and $400,000 for additional buildings. Mr. Lewis is also state lecturer for the Ohio State Grange, and has done more than any other one man to increase the membership and efficiency of service of this splendid organization. In his home County of Hancock there are eighteen local granges and 4,000 members—the banner county of the United States in this connection—and in gaining this precedence for Hancock County Mr. Lewis played a leading part. As state lecturer he has a staff of 875 lecturers throughout the state, and for guidance in their work he prepared and published the "Lecturer 's Handbook," a work containing a valuable fund of information on every phase of grange activities, both practical and social. It was through the zealous work and influence of Mr. Lewis that the University of Ohio was induced to extend educational cooperation to the grange, and the year 1923 recorded the founding at the university of a school of methods for grange lecturers. He is also a director of the Ohio Fair Boys Association, comprised of officers and directors of the county fairs of the state. He is secretary of the Hancock County Fair, and he was largely instrumental in gaining the recent enactment of state laws under which fair organizations are empowered to eliminate objectionable features that have militated against the consistency and effective. ness of the annual fairs, and which make possible the bringing of these fairs to a much higher plane. He is active also in the work of boys, clubs and the various movements that make for progress and prosperity for the farmer. Concerning him the following statements have been written and published: "No person has more grange friends in Ohio than Mr. Lewis." Mr. Lewis wedded Miss Lesta Shafer, and they have one daughter, Glesna Josephine, and one son, William Eugene. REV. JAMES MICHAEL EISCHEN is a native of Ohio, and one of the earnest and hard working priests of the Catholic Church. He is now pastor of St. Joseph's Catholic Church at Amherst in Lorain County. This church was established in 1868, and for many years has been in a very prosperous condition. Father Eischen was born at Cleveland, December 9, 1888, son of Michael and Louise (Schabel) Eischen. His father was born in Germany and came with two brothers to America and settled at Cleveland, where he followed the trade of carpenter. He died in 1907. His wife, who died in 1919, was born in Cleveland, daughter of Andrew and Anna Schabel, natives of Bavaria. James Michael Eischen was educated in St. Michael's Parochial School at Cleveland, and in preparation for his career in the priesthood he continued his literary education in St. Ignatius College at Cleveland, and completed his theological course at St. Mary's Seminary. He was ordained to the pries-hood May 29, 1915, and his first assignment, June 14, 1915, was as assistant priest of St. Stephen's Church of Cleveland. On March 16, 1920, he was appointed pastor of St. Joseph's Church of Amherst. Since becoming pastor he has done mucj to augment the beneficent activities of the parish. There is now under construction a unit of a parochial school, containing four rooms, later to be increase to eight rooms. Father Eischen is a member of the Knights of Columbus at Elyria, and is a republican in politics. AUGUSTA M. MATHEWS. One of the old and prominent families of Lorain County is represented by Augusta M. Mathews, whose home is at 1444 East Erie Avenue in the City of Lorain. She was born at Cowlesville, Wyoming County, New York, September 24, 1849, daughter of Jesse I. and Adeline Elizabeth (Osborne) Mathews. Her parents were born and married at Lee, New Hampshire, but soon moved to Wyoming County, New York. Her father was a millwright, and built mills at a number of places in New York and Pennsylvania. In 1864 he brought his family to Ohio and settled at Amherst. Subsequently he moved to Lorain, where his sons, Martin V. and S. W., had bought a 100-acre farm lying in what was then the eastern edge of Lorain. Jesse Mathews lived retired there until his death, and was survived several years by his widow. He was a democrat in politics. Of the children, Mary Jane married Warren Lewis and both are deceased. Adeline E., living at Lorain at the age of eighty-eight, is the widow of Nathan Norton. The sons Martin V. and Thomas B. are both deceased. Lydia A. lives at Elyria, widow of John Blouvelt. The son Silas W. is also deceased. Miss Augusta M. is the next in age. Her sister, Mrs. James McGill, is a resident of Lakewood, Ohio Miss Augusta M. Mathews in 1918 sold her farm to the United States Government, accepting sixteen lots, and this land was used as site for homes for the shipyard workers during the war. Augusta M. Mathews was educated in the common schools. She is active in the Congregational Church and its various societies. Some years ago she erected her fine brick modern home on East Erie Avenue, and she also owns a number of valuable lots, two of them with buildings. Her nephew, Martin V. McGill, was reared by Miss Mathew's mother. He is now teacher of chemistry in the high school at Lorain. He married Lela McAllister, had a son, Robert Mathews McGill, and they all live with Miss Mathews. JOSEPH W. McCORD, of Columbus, is one of Ohio’s veteran grain merchants. His experience in that business covers a period of half a century. Early in his career he developed a prosperous business of his of his own, and almost from the first his interests and leadership have been liberally bestowed upon all matters effecting the grain interests in common. As a result he has rendered long and effective service in some of the important organizations of grain men. He is secretary of Ohio Grain Dealers Association, is secretary of the Ohio Grain Dealers Mutual Fire Association, and is a president of the Grain Dealers National Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Mr. McCord was born at Bainbridge, Ross County, Ohio, in 1850. His numerous friends and associates in Ohio grain circles have for a number of years referred to him affectionately as "Uncle Joe.” His parents were Nimrod Elliott and Sarah Anne (Bridwell) McCord. The McCords are of Scotch-Irish ancestry and were identified with the pioneer American settlements around Marietta. Mr. McCord's grandfather, Enoch D. McCord, was born near Marietta. Nimrod E. McCord was born in Pike County. Joseph W. McCord was reared in Ross County, acquired his education there, and in 1873 entered the grain business. Three years later, in 1876, he left HISTORY OF OHIO - 105 Bainbridge and removed to Columbus, and for many years has been head of the firm McCord and Kelley, wholesale dealers and shippers of grain. The officers of this firm are in the Commerce Building. Mr. McCord became one of the charter members of the Ohio Grain Dealers Association when it was organized at Put-in-Bay in 1880. He was one of the early presidents of the association, and in 1888 was elected secretary, an office he has filled continuously thirty-five years. He was also one of the organizers of the Ohio Grain Dealers Mutual Fire Insurance Association. This business was incorporated August 6, 1901, and since then Mr. McCord has been its administrative officer as secretary. Another interesting and responsible honor accorded him was election as president a the Grain Dealers National Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Indianapolis. This company was organized in 1902, and furnishes a nationwide service to grain dealers. It has had a remarkable growth. At the end of the first ten years, in 1912, it had insurance in force to the amount of $14.000,000, and at the twentieth anniversary of the company in 1922 it was graded as a $100,000,000 insurance company. Mr. McCord is also a director and chairman of the executive committee of the Grain Dealers National Association. All these years he has been a very popular citizen as well as business man of Columbus, where he has identified himself with the Chamber of Commerce, of which he is a charter member, the Rotary Club, the Columbus Athletic Club, the Columbus Country Club and the Goodale Lodge of Masons. Mr. McCord's first wife was Laura J. Kelley, who died in 1905. Subsequently he married Mabel H. Root. Mr. McCord's children, all by his first marriage, are four daughters, Mrs. Caroline Butterfield, Mrs. Estelle Woodward, Mrs. Etta Hoyt DeLong, and Mrs. Josephine Vercoe. He also has eleven grandchildren. FRANK L. HOLYCROSS is sheriff of Franklin County. The judgment of good citizens is that he is one of the best sheriffs that county has ever had. There has never been a time when a thoroughly efficient sheriff was more needed than now. Sheriff Holycross has been a resident of Columbus since 1906, and is also well known for his deep interest in unfortunate and delin1uent boys and in education generally. He is a member of the Columbus City Board of Education. He was born at Unionville Center, in Union County, Ohio, February 3, 1879, a son of Marion and Margaret (Lieber) Holycross. When he was six years of age the family moved to Marysville, the county seat of Union County. He grew up there, attended the public schools, and while working in the railroad station learned telegraphy. His chief profession for a number of years was as telegrapher. He was an operator for different roads until the beginning of the Spanish-American war, when he enlisted with Company D, of the Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was with that regiment in its service in Porto Rico. Returning from there in 1899, and after his discharge from the army, he married in October of the same year Miss Mary E. Beard, of Ostrander, Ohio. They have two sons, Karl and Frank, Jr. Again taking up railroad service Mr. Holycross was promoted to train dispatcher on the Illinois Central, and several years was located in that capacity at McComb, Mississippi. He came North and in 1906 was made train dispatcher for the Toledo & Ohio Central Railroad at Columbus. He remained in that service until he took up his duties as sheriff fourteen years later. In the meantime, in 1913, Mr. Holycross had assumed a voluntary line of duties in connection with the Columbus Juvenile Court in behalf of unfortunate boys who came under the supervision of that court. In 1915 he was elected a member of the Columbus Board of Education for a term of four years, and in 1919 was reelected. This office is nonremunerative, and, therefore, does not interfere with his eligibility for sheriff. Mr. Holycross was elected sheriff of Franklin County in 1920, and began his first term of two years January 1, 1921. On the basis of the splendidly efficient record he made in the first term he was reelected in 1922. The office is a very important one, since Franklin is one of the largest and most populace counties in the state. He has been tireless and unsparing in his pursuit and conviction of lawbreakers of every sort. His activities against highwaymen, bank robbers, bootleggers and other violators of prohibition laws have been especially notable and successful. Sheriff Holycross is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the knights of Khorassan, and is affiliated with the Elks. FRANK BYRON MAULLAR, now a member of the Ohio State Public Utilities Commission at Columbus, came to Columbus from Ross County, where his business and civic record has long made him prominent. Mr. Maullar was born in Perry County, Ohio, February 24, 1875, and is a great-grandson of Maurice Maullar, who was proprietor of an old stone tavern on the Drovers Road at the western foot of the mountains in Pennsylvania. Maullar is a name of Holland Dutch origin. Both Maurice Maullar and his wife were born in Holland. Their son, William Maullar, was born in Pennsylvania in 1810, learned the blacksmith 's trade, and about 1823 settled at Harrisville in Harrison County, Ohio, where he followed his trade until his death in 1843. He married Elizabeth Davies, a native of Belmont County, Ohio, and daughter of John and Rachel (Collins) Davies, who came from Wales. George William Maullar, father of the state official, was born in Harrison County, July 4, 1843, and as a small boy lost an eye, yet, nevertheless, found service in the Civil war as a drummer boy with the Seventy-eighth Ohio Infantry, and during the siege of Fort Donelson, when the fighting became exceedingly fierce, discarded his drum, seized a gun and from that time fought as a regular soldier in the ranks until discharged late in 1862. He was a farmer in Morgan County, then in Perry County, and in 1877 bought a farm in Ross County. Late in life he retired to Londonderry. His wife, Sarah Virginia Waterhouse, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, daughter of James and Octavia J. (Clayton) Waterhouse, the former of Scotch ancestry and the latter from Culpeper County, Virginia, of English ancestry. Frank B. Maullar was only nine years of age when his mothcr died, and after that he and his brother and sister lived with their grandmother in Ross County. He attended rural schools, the graded schools at Londonberry, and began teaching when nineteen years of age. Through teaching he worked and paid his way while attending college. He spent four terms in Ohio University at Athens, and con- tinued his education in the Valparaiso University in Indiana. Altogether he taught school ten years, and seven years of this service was rendered in the Londonderry, Ohio, High School. In 1906 he re- moved to Chillicothe, where he has since been prominently identified with the real estate business. He became specially known through his success in handling the sales of farm lands, and did business in sixteen states, including many operations in Southwest Texas. While Mr. Maullar maintains a residence in Co- 106 - HISTORY OF OHIO lumbus during his official activities, he still maintains his home in Chillicothe, where he has been actively identified with civic and community affairs. For several years he served as a director of the Chillicothe Chamber of Commerce, and a member of the Rotary Club. During the World war he was appointed by Governor Cox, food commissioner for Ross County. He also served as a member of the committee appointed to select the site and secure the establishment, by the United States Government, of Camp, Sherman, and, following the war, the establishment of the Soldier's Vocational Training School of Chillicothe. On May 1, 1922, Governor H. L. Davis appointed Mr. Maullar a member of the State Public Utilities Commission, and he has since given this office practically all his time and attention. He is well known as a leader in the republican party in Ross County. He cast his first vote for William McKinley, and in the same year he became a member of the Ross County Republican Committee, and has served as a member of said committee continuously since that time. He is now a member of the State Central Committee from the Eleventh District, and for the past four years has been a member of the State Executive Committee. Mr. Maullar is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason; has taken the Royal Arch and the Council degrees of the York Rite, and is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He married on November 18, 1909, Miss Almyra Donelson Woodruff, daughter of John Woodruff, and granddaughter of Joseph Day Woodruff, who came from New York State and settled in Muskingum County. Mr. and Mrs. Maullar have one son, Myron E., born in 1911. DANA FARNUM REYNOLDS, of the famous pioneer family of Medina County, has been a resident of Columbus since 1912, was a successful member of the bar there and for the past three years has been assistant United States district attorney. He was born at LeRoy, Medina County, in 1883, son of Frederick A. and Louise (Farnum) Reynolds. Both the Farnum and Reynolds families were identified with the early period of settlement and development in Medina County and that portion of the Western Reserve. They were of sturdy New England stock, and in the new country exemplified the prominent characteristics of that people, especially in their desire to build up good schools and maintain the latest activities. They were active in the Universalist Church. The paternal grandfather of the Columbus attorney was Joseph Reynolds, the son of Joseph Reynolds. He was a tanner, lived in the southeastern part of Westfield Township, Medina County, and owned a mill race and dam, a tannery, and for many years carried on the manufacture of leather.. The Reynolds family came from Greenfield, New Hampshire. Mr. Reynolds, mother, Louise (Farnum) Reynolds, was a direct descendant of Governor Bradford of the Mayflower. She was the daughter of Hazzelton Farnum. Her grandfather, Asa Farnum, was a native of Maine. When seventeen years of age he set out on foot, carrying an axe on his shoulder, and walked overland to Ohio, making his settlement at what is now the Town of LeRoy, in Westfield Township, Medina County. He located there about 1822. He was a wagon maker, and he had the distinction of manufacturing the first wagons in Medina County. In a business way, however, his chief distinction was as one of the founders of the historic Ohio Farmers Insurance Company, which started business in 1848, and has endured an uninterrupted career of prosperity for three quarters of a century.. The old home of Asa Farnum was about a half mile east of the Town of LeRoy. This is still owned by his descendants. His old house is occupied by his granddaughter, Mrs. Anna (Farnum) Simmons. Her husband was nephew of Jonathan Simmons, who was associated with Asa Farnum and others in establishing the Ohio Farmers Insurance Company. Dana Farnum Reynolds was reared at LeRoy, and graduated from the High School there in 1900. He is also a graduate of Buchtel College, now the University of Akron, and in the fall of 1912 came to Columbus and entered the law school of the Ohio State University. He graduated in 1915 with the degree of Juris Doctor. Mr. Reynolds conducted a successful law practice in Columbus until May, 1920, when he was appointed toward the close of the Wilson administration assistant United States district a attorney for the southern district of Ohio. While in that office he has assisted in several notable cases handled by the Federal Department of Justice, and his record has added much to his reputation as an able lawyer. Before coming to Columbus Mr. Reynolds was active in Medina County politics, and was twice democratic candidate for the Legislature. He is a member of the Elks, and the Young Business Men's Club of Columbus. Mr. Reynolds married Miss Edith Yocum, of Wooster, Ohio. Her father, the late Lewis Yocum, was president of the Citizens National Bank of Wooster. Mrs. Reynolds, who is a graduate of Wooster University, is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. They have one son, Dana F. Rey Jr., born in November, 1921. WILLIAM BURRELL HESTON has made himself known in Columbus and over Ohio for several in interesting distinctions. He is a member of the City County, and has been identified with a very prosperous real estate business in Columbus for twenty years. From early boyhood he cultivated the divine art of music, became proficient in practically all the band instruments, and he has found his highest measure of satisfaction in his official work with the Aladdin Temple Band, which he developed and of which he is bandmaster. This is probably the finest Shrine band in the country. Mr. Heston was born near Carthage, Jasper County, Missouri, January 27, 1879, son of Thomas W. and Adra (Hudson) Heston. In 1881, when he was two years of age, the family moved to Ohio and located at North Lewisburg, in Champaign County. There William B. Heston attended common and high schools, and remained there until the spring of 1898, when he joined the Seventh Regiment, Ohio National Guard, and served as a member of the Regimental Band during the Spanish-American war period, until he received his discharge in Columbus. He then remained in Columbus and has since had his chief business interests in that city. For several years he was connected with the Hallwood Cash Register Company, and in 1903 he and his brother Frank F. Heston engaged in the real estate business. His brother died in 1906, and since then the business has been the W. B. Heston Realty Company. This company has handled a great deal of real estate in and around Columbus, and it represents a complete real estate service for selling, management, sub-division and everything connected with the handling of realty property. As a real estate man Mr. Heston had the honor of being elected president of the Columbus Real Estate Board. For two years he was president of the local union of the American Federation of Musicians. Throughout his business career he has employed most of his spare time in cultivating the musical art as an individual talent and also as a leader and director. The HISTORY OF OHIO - 107 famous Aladdin Temple Band had its origin about thirteen years ago in a small nucleus of seven or eight musicians belonging to the Temple. In 1913 the band comprised twenty-three members, under the management of Mr. Heston, and at the present time it numbers 115 regular members and twenty-five reserves, all of whom are Shriners and members of Aladdin Temple of Columbus. This is one of the largest Shrine bands in America. It has appeared at all the notable Shrine gatherings for several years past, in makes extending from coast to coast, and has won in some notable competitions between Shrine bands. It makes an impressive appearance wherever it goes. Mr. Heston is a York and thirty-second degree Scot-Rite Mason. Mr. Heston was one of the organizers of Aladdin Country Club, and has served as president since its organization, some six years ago. He was elected to the City Council of Columbus in November, 1923, to serve a term of four years. June 1, 1902, at Columbus, Mr. Heston married Miss Mary Ann Chapman, of Westerville, Ohio. They have three sons, Simeon W., Thomas Chapman and Robert Burrell. RALPH EDISON HOFFHINES. In the special field of commercial education probably no individual in Ohio is more favorably and conspicuously known for his work and his influence than Ralph Edison Hoffhines, director of commercial education, Columbus public schools. Mr. Hoffhines was born at Columbus, October 16, 1879, son of Frank J. and Harriet Emma (Holmes) Hoffhines. The name Hoffhines has an honorable record in commercial education, due to labors begun by Frank J. Hoffhines and continued jointly by him and his son. Frank J. Hoffhines was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, and early became a seeker of commercial appliances for introducing the teaching of commercial studies in the Columbus public schools as long ago as 1887. Ralph Edison Hoffhines while growing up at Columbus attended the Sullivant School for eight years and spent four years in the old Central High School, being a graduate of both of these institutions. For two and one-half years he continued his higher education in the University of Chicago, where he specialized in history and sociology. Mr. Hoffhines has the interesting distinction of having been the youngest teacher ever engaged in the high schools the City of the City of Columbus. He was only nineteen when he was employed to teach commercial branches in the Central High School. His experience in the teaching of commercial education in Columbus has been continuous since that date. He has held the office of director of commercial education in the public schools for several years. In addition he is also president and principal of the Office Training School in Columbus, which was organized in 1909 and is one of the most successful schools of its kind in the country. It is the only school in Central Ohio which is accredited by the State Department of Education and chartered by the State of Ohio to confer degrees. It was primarily accredited by the State Department of Education in March, 1920. Graduates of first grade high schools are eligible to take the courses of study in the Office Training School, and graduates in these courses receive without examination the four-year State High School commercial certificate. Mr. and Mrs. R. E. Hoffhines with their three children, Robert Edison, Mary Jane and Betty Lee, reside at 1234 Bryden Road. Mr. Hoffhines is a member of the Columbus School Masters Club, Rotary Club, the Athletic Club, the Columbus Country Club, the Young Business Men's Club, and Kinsmen's Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. HAROLD EDWIN DUSENBERRY is at the head of the H. E. Dusenberry Realty Company, one of the old and highly successful real estate organizations in the City of Columbus. Mr. Dusenberry was born February 10, 1878, at Guyandotte, West Virginia. His father, Robert F. Dusenberry, a native of New York State, was a member of an old family in the Peekskill District of that state, and was a Union soldier in the Civil war. He was a civil engineer, but for many years he followed the business of commission merchant. His wife, Mary A. Wentz, was a daughter of Michael Wentz, a Virginia farmer. Harold Edwin Dusenberry acquired part of his educational training in Marshall College at Huntington, West Virginia, and also attended school at Chicago for a time. His early business training was acquired in mechanics, in the drug and in the jobbing and brokerage business, and in 1906 he located at Columbus, where he has since been an active figure in real estate circles. The H. E. Dusenberry Realty Company was established June 18, 1906, and has its offices in the First National Bank Building. Mr. Dusenberry has been a member of the Columbus Real Estate Board since its beginning, and possesses a long and authoritative knowledge of real estate values, and has steadily exerted a strong influence for the building of better homes and the making of a cleaner city. On December 3, 1907, he married Miss Anna Elizabeth Koontz. Her father, J. E. Koontz, was a well known real estate operator in Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. Dusenberry have two lovely daughters, Maree Isabelle and Ellen Ann. Possessed of pleasing personality, Mr. Dusenberry has made hosts of warm friends in Columbus. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and a Shriner, and has been identified with the Methodist Church since one year of age. JOHN B. YOUNGBLOOD has gained specially distinctive success in the work of his profession, that of mechanical engineer, and he has given effective service as consulting engineer of the Department of Public Welfare of the State of Ohio from its organization, in 1911, to the present time, besides which he is chairman of the Ohio State Prison Commission, a position to which he was appointed in June, 1923, by Governor Donahey. Mr. Youngblood was born in the City of Cleveland, Ohio, in the year 1876, and on the maternal side is a representative of one of the influential pioneer families of the Ohio metropolis, a brother of his mother having built the first brick house in Cleveland. Mr. Youngblood duly profited by the advantages of the public schools of his native city, and his training for his profession of mechanical engineer was by actual shop work and broad and varied practical experience. He served a regular apprenticeship in the shops of the Globe Iron Works in Cleveland, one of the great industrial concerns controlled by the late Senator Mark Hanna, and eventually he became master mechanic in the great Cleveland factory in which are produced the White sewing machines. He next became chief engineer at the plant of the W. S. Tyler Company, one of the largest wire and ornamental-iron manufacturing concerns in the United States, and after seven years of effective administration in this capacity he was for a number of years engaged in the general construction business in Cleveland, as a designer and builder of modern structures of the highest grade. It was his special ability in this field of activity that led to his being called to the position of engineer for the Public Welfare Department of the State of Ohio at the time this department was established, in 1911. He has since maintained his residence in the capital 108 - HISTORY city, and has supervised the construction of a number of important buildings for the Department of Public Welfare. He built the power house of the State Hospital at Columbus, and also the building of the juvenile research branch at this institution. He built the famous dairy barn of the State Prison Farm at London, this being one of the finest and most modern dairy plants in the United States. In the summer of 1923 Mr. Youngblood, in his official capacity, is supervising the erection and equipment at this institution of a modern creamery building, which is to be a model industrial plant of this order. The dairy barn at the prison farm has accommodations for 400 cows, and its construction cost the state only $39,000, while experts testify that under the usual contract system the cost would have been fully $100,000. It is, in fact, one of Mr. Young-blood's most distinctive and valuable services to the state that his work saves money to the taxpayers, for he makes most careful estimates on all details of construction and never approves contracts that do not give the minimum of legitimate cost to the state. His official functions give him charge of construction, alteration and improvement of all the public institution buildings of Ohio, to the number of twenty-three institutions, including five large hospitals, the penitentiaries and industrial schools, the schools for the feeble-minded, the deaf and dumb and the blind, the epileptic and tubercular hospitals and the Soldiers Home at Sandusky. Mr. Youngblood married Miss Maude C. Dillon of Union County, and they have two children, John R. and Florence. THOMAS M. HARE, D. D. A native of Southern Ohio, a minister of the Methodist Church, Thomas M. Hare took up the work of the Anti-Saloon League a quarter of a century ago, and has been one of the important personalities representing this great organization not only in Ohio, but in other states. He is now superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of Ohio, with home at Westerville and offices at 175 South High Street in Columbus. He was born in Brown County, Ohio, in 1865. His father served as a Union soldier in the Civil war, and on returning home found his affairs in practical bankruptcy. He died shortly after the war, leaving his widow with small children to rear and support. She then removed to Fayette County, joining some relatives and locating on a farm four and a half miles south of Washington Court House. It was on this farm that Thomas M. Hare grew to manhood. He attended public schools, continued his education in the National Normal University at Lebanon, and after studying law was admitted to the bar. However, he never engaged in the practice of that profession. His attention instead was diverted to the ministry, and he became a member of the Ohio Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His first pastorate, beginning in 1893, was at New Plymouth, in Vinton County. He continued active in the Methodist ministry in Ohio for seven years and his last pastorate was at Rushville. He left that pastorate to engage in the work of the Anti-Saloon League. Doctor Hare in 1900 entered the Anti-Saloon League organization, his first position being as superintendent of the Canton, Ohio, District. Later he succeeded Mr. Wayne B. Wheeler as superintendent of the Cleveland District, at which time Mr. Wheeler became state superintendent of Ohio. From Cleveland Doctor Hare was called to the office of superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of Wisconsin, with headquarters at Milwaukee, and later was for a time national legislative superintendent, with headquarters at Washington. He served as state superintendent of the League in West Virginia, and in 1911-12 he organized and conducted the campaign which resulted in that state going dry by a majority of 92,342. Following that he served about five years as state superintendent of the League in Maryland. From Maryland Doctor Hare returned to his native state of Ohio, establishing his home at Westerville. The Town of Westerville, in Franklin County, has more associations than any other Amerian community with the inception and growth of the temperance movement, particularly with the beginning of the Anti-Saloon League, whose work as much as any other one factor contributed to the adoption of the Eighteenth Amendment. Doctor Hare early in 1924 was appointed superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of Ohio, taking charge of the office February 1, 1924. Doctor Hare married Miss Addie G. Post, of Washington Court House, Ohio. She is a sister of Congressman J. D. Post, of Washington Court House and a prominent member of the Ohio bar. L. B. TURNER, M. D. In the medical profession Doctor Turner has been an active figure in Ohio for over thirty years. During the greater part of that time his home and practice have been in the City of Columbus. He is known for his public spirited citizenship as well as in his profession in that section of Columbus known as Hilltop, and is president of the Hilltop Improvement Association. Doctor Turner was born in Huntington Township, Gallia County, Ohio, in 1862, son of William H. And Annis (Thompson) Turner. His mother was of New England Quaker stock. William H. Turner, whose father represented an old Virginia family, was born in Gallia County, Ohio, in 1829, the year after his parents had moved out of Louisa County, Virginia. L. B. Turner grew up on a farm in Southern Ohio, attended the public schools of Gallia County, and completed his professional education in Starling Medical College, which has since merged with the Ohio State University. He was graduated in medicine in 1892, and for many years practiced at Bidwell in Gallia County. In November, 1906, he located at Columbus, and has enjoyed a heavy general practice. He is the leading physician in the Hilltop community, one of the most prosperous and rapidly growing sections of Columbus. Doctor Turner is a member of the Columbus Academy of Medicine and the General Practitioners Society of Columbus. For many years he has been a student of Masonry, and is past master of Vinton Lodge of Masons and also past master of West Gate Lodge No. 623, and past high priest of West Gate Chapter No. 216. The Hilltop Improvement Association, of which he was elected president in February, 1924, resulted from the merger of the Hilltop Chamber of Commerce and the Hilltop Athletic Association. The new association has the powers to make it an efficient instrument in carrying out all worthy civic, social, business and improvement enterprises for this section of Columbus. Doctor Turner married Miss Blanche Edwards, now deceased. He is the father of three children, C. Brown, Annis and Lauren Turner. JERRY O'SHAUGHNESSY. At the time of his death and for half a century preceding, the late Jerry O 'Shaughnessy was in the service of the Columbus Water Works Department. No city ever more appropriately honored long and faithful service than did Columbus when it named O’Shaughnessy Dam in his honor. The late Mr. O'Shaughnessy was born at Delaware, Ohio, in 1854, and died at Columbus, January 28, 1921. He began work May 9, 1870, before he had reached his seventeenth birthday, as a common HISTORY OF OHIO - 109 laborer. The first day he swung pick and shovel in digging the foundation for the smoke stack at the old West Side pumping station. This was a part of the construction work on the modern water works system of Columbus. Having assisted in building the original plant, he was made "wiper of machinery" when it started operation in 1871. Six months later he was promoted to fireman. Industrious study by practical observation and otherwise brought him a knowledge of steam and stationary engineering and six months later he was promoted to engineer. This position was filled by him for seventeen years. Then occurred a temporary absence from the department, when he became engineer at the Wyandotte Building, which had just been completed as Columbus, first skyscraper. In 1896 he returned to the service of the city as superintendent of water works by appointment of Mayor Cotton Allen. He continued to serve until Samuel J. Schwartz was elected mayor in 1899. Two years later he was again appointed superintendent by Mayor John N. Hinkle, remaining through his adminstration and those of Robert H. Jeffrey and De Witt C. Badger. When Charles A. Bond was elected mayor, in 1908, Mr. O'Shaughnessy again retired temporarily. During the administration of Mayor George J. Karb he returned as superintendent of water works, and continued in the service under Mayor James J. Thomas, his death occurring during the latter administration. With the exception of the brief period noted he was with the water works department for half a cntury. His was a service that was appreciated during his lifetime and at his death brought out numerous tributes of respect and affection by the public and the press. However, the honor most fitting him and one which will perpetuate his name in the city was the result of the resolution unanimously passed by the City Council to give his name to the great storage dam now under construction in Delaware County, and which will furnish the water supply of Columbus for generations to come. Mr. O'Shaughnessy married Miss Anna Donovan, of Cardington, Ohio. He is survived by two sons and two daughters, Jerry, Jr., Joseph, Mrs. Phil Schneider and Miss Nell O'Shaughnessy. In 1891 the late Mr. 0 'Shaughnessy founded the undertaking business of O'Shaughnessy and Hart. Under that name it was conducted for a number of years. Since 1916 the business has been conducted by his son, Mr. Jerry O'Shaughnessy, Jr., under the name of O'Shaughnessy Undertaking Company. The company moved in the new home purchased by them April 1, 1924, at 375 East Town Street, with complete modern mortuary. Jerry O'Shaughnessy, Jr., was educated in the Sacred Heart School, in North High School and Ohio State University. He became one of the organizers and was cashier of the West Side Dime Savings Bank, and later became assistant cashier of the National Bank of Commerce. That position he resigned in 1916 to take charge of the undertaking business founded by his father. He married Miss Nelle Regina Fahy in 1905, and they have nine children. Jerry O'Shaughnessy, Sr., was very active in all Catholic and especially Irish affairs. He served for several terms as county president of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, was their delegate to all national conventions, and organized and installed the first division of the Ladies Auxiliary of Ancient Order of Hibernians. He was also active in the Knights of Columbus, and was president, continuously, up to the beginning of the World war, when all social functions ceased, of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick and also presided at all their annual banquets. No St. Patrick's day parade was ever complete without Jerry arshal. He was always active in politics, a member of the democratic organization for years, controlled local affairs and was chairman of the Public Works Committee and a member of the Chamber of Commerce. PERRY OKEY, president of the Okey Manufacturing Company of Columbus, is a machinery designer and mechanical engineer of the first rank, and among . other distinctions to his credit one is that he constructed the first automobile ever built in the City of Columbus, and one of the first practical cars in the country. Mr. Okey, who was born in Cincinnati, in 1873, represents one of the oldest families of Eastern Ohio. He is a descendant of Leven Okey, who came from the State of Delaware and settled with his family in 1802 in what is now Monroe County, Ohio, then a part of Belmont County. The name Okey has had prominent associations with the legal profession of Ohio through several generations. The great-grandfather of Perry Okey was Cornelius Okey, who represented Monroe County several terms in the Ohio Legislature. He married Hannah Weir, daughter of Rev. James and Esther (Hazard) Weir. Esther Hazard was a cousin of the famous Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, hero of the Battle of Lake Erie. Judge John W. Okey, a son of Cornelius Okey, crowned his record as a brilliant and resourceful attorney with a term of service on the bench of the Supreme Court of Ohio. Judge George B. Okey, son of Judge John W. Okey, and father of the Columbus manufacturer, was born in Monroe County, and for many years has enjoyed high standing as a member of the Columbus bar. Perry Okey was educated in the public schools and Ohio State University. His inclination from earliest youth was toward mechanics. As a boy he set up a small shop, with lathe and other equipment, in the basement of the family home. He was a boy when the bicycle entered upon its era of popularity as a vehicle, and even at that time Mr. Okey conceived unalterable convictions that power vehicles would necessarily take the place of horse drawn, reasoning that there was no more sense in buggies and wagons being drawn by horses than that railroad cars should be so drawn. Thus his inventive mind long dwelled upon and worked over the idea of the bicycle or tricycle propelled by an engine. He had his experiences in riding one of the old " ordinary " or high bicycles, and he got one of the first "safeties" when they came in. During the early '90s he was experimenting in his little shop, after his own plans and drawings, upon a power propelled bicycle or tricycle. In the summer of 1895 the Chicago Herald offered a prize for the best power propelled vehicle to be exhibited at a contest promoted by that paper in Chicago during the summer. Mr. Okey tried to get his tricycle ready for the contest, but failed to do so. However, by the next summer, 1896, he had completed and demonstrated his three-wheel vehicle propelled by a small gasoline engine. Later he built a four-wheel vehicle, a real "horseless carriage," forerunner of the present automobile. He drove it on the streets of Columbus in December, 1899. It was the first automobile ever seen in Columbus, with the exception of a Winton car, built in Cleveland, which had made its appearance in the next exhibition in the city, in the preceding September. However, Mr. Okey's was the first motor driven vehicle really built in Columbus. It was a one cylinder machine steered with a tiller. His experiments in automobile manufacture continued until 1906, when he and a number of associates organized the Okey Motor Car Company. The plant was equipped and started the production of the Okey car. About twenty-five cars of that type were made and sold. Then, just as the company was looking for- 110 - HISTORY OF OHIO ward to some settled prosperity, the money panic of 1907 brought about a cessation of this industry, as it did many others similarly situated throughout the country. Subsequently Mr. Okey retired from the manufacture of automobiles, with the satisfaction of having contributed some of the ideas and practical processes to the industry. Since then he has continued in business as a designer and builder of machinery, a business carried on under the name of the Okey Manufacturing Company, with plant at the corner of Water and Nachten streets. Under the direct and guiding supervision of Mr. Okey, it is one of the prominent engineering works of Ohio, and as machinery manufacturers the company specializes in fine machinery and special tools. Mr. Okey has always done all of his own drawing and designing. He is a member of the Columbus Engineering Club, the Columbus Athletic Club, the Columbus Country Club, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Mr. Okey by his marriage to Jessie Connor, of Norwalk, Ohio, has one daughter, Dorothy V. Okey. JOHN A. DODD. In a comparatively brief period of years John A. Dodd has become one of the conspicuous figures in fire insurance circles of Ohio. He is vice president and secretary of the American National Fire Insurance Company of Columbus. By profession and early business experience he is a public accountant. Mr. Dodd was born at Circleville, Pickaway County, Ohio, in 1883, son of Albert and Catherine (Rooney) Dodd. Reared in his native town, where he attended the parochial schools, he completed his education in Ohio State University at Columbus, and became one of the pioneer members in the profession of public accountancy in Ohio. A member of an old and well known family of Pickaway County, personally popular himself, and on the basis of his qualifications as a public accountant, Mr. Dodd was elected and from 1913 to 1918 served as county auditor of Pickaway County. The American National Fire Insurance Company. of Columbus is an organization whose record is impressive on the score of material success and also through the personnel of its officers and directors. The president of the company is the distinguished Ohioan, Gen. Chauncey B. Baker, a sketch of whose life is published elsewhere. Mr. Dodd in 1916, when still county auditor of Pickaway County, was made secretary of this company. After leaving public office he moved his home to Columbus, in 1918, and has since been promoted to vice president and secretary, having the active executive charge of its affairs. Mr. Dodd is a member of St. Francis Catholic Church of Columbus, and is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus. He married Miss Mary Rose Smith, of Circleville. Their nine children are : John, Mary, Matthew, Robert, Thomas, Edgar, Virginia, Anne and Richard. HERMAN ECKHARDT, JR., is one of the oldest automobile men in Columbus from the point of service, having started when some of the first crude motor vehicles were being manufactured. His knowledge of the development of the automobile business covers a period of twenty years. He has recently organized and is president of the Wills Sainte Claire of Columbus Company. The City of Columbus has known and esteemed three successive Herman Eckhardts. The first was born in Saxony. By profession he was a musician and an orchestra conductor. He participated in the German Revolution of 1848, and when that movement failed he exiled himself, bringing with him the Saxonian band of which he was a leader. He arrived in Boston in 1848, and during subsequent years had a long and distinguished career as an orchestra conductor and teacher, in Boston, New York and Columbus. He conducted the first performance of Handel’s Messiah in the City of Boston, and for several years was conductor of a theatre orchestra in New York. He came to Columbus in 1869, at the invitation of local musicians, and held the position of supervisor of music in the public schools and was also conductor of the Mannerchor and other singing societies. He lived out the remainder of his life in Columbus, and was one of the notable men in the early musical life of the city. The second Herman Eckhardt was born at born at Boston, Massachusetts, and came to Columbus in 1869, but in 1875 returned to the East and for nearly thirty years was in business and a resident of Lowell, Massachusetts, where he married. In 1904 he returned to Columbus, and is now secretary of the Hoster Realty Company of that city. He married Nellie A. Billings, of Lowell, Massachusetts. Herman Eckhardt, Jr., a son of Herman and Nellie A. (Billings) Eckhardt, was born at Lowell, Massachusetts, September 24, 1881, and was reared and educated in the East. About the time the family returned to Columbus he became a mechanic in the shops of the Columbus Buggy Company. For a great many years that had been one of the great buggy manufacturing concerns of the country. At that time its facilities were just being readjusted to the advent of the automobile, and automobiles were manufactured on a small scale. Mr. Eckhardt was assigned to work in the automobile department, and helped construct some electric automobiles. He made one of the first long distance runs ever made with an electric automobile, this run, from Columbus to Dayton, being considered a remarkable record for the time. Mr. Eckhardt was associated with the Columbus Buggy Company in its automobile department for about twelve years. Subsequently as a salesman of automobiles he represented such nationally known cars as the Thomas Flyer, the Marmon, Paige and the National. In the summer of 1923 he organized his own company Wills Saint Claire of Columbus Company, which handles the Wills Saint Claire cars, and the business headquarters are a spacious and modern building at 19 North Fourth Street. Mr. Eckhardt was one of the organizers of the Columbus Automobile Club, of which he was the first secretary. This club has since become one of the largest in the country. CHESTER C. COOK. The Sunday Creek Coal Company is one of the oldest and largest coal operating corporations in Ohio. Its business headquarters are at Columbus in the Outlook Building, and the company owns 50,000 acres of coal lands in the Hocking Valley District, chiefly in Perry, Hocking and Athens counties. His company operates fifteen large mines on this coal land, and it also acts as selling agent for about fifty-five other companies operating on the same properties in the Hocking Valley. In the service of this company in the Columbus offices Chester C. Cook started as a minor clerk, and his ability to absorb information and knowledge and his industry have promoted him to one of the executive officials. He is now treasurer and auditor of the coal company, and is a prominent worker in civic affairs at Columbus, being secretary of the Columbus Country Club and secretary of the Rotary Club. He was born at Columbus, September 27, 1881, in a house which stood on the present site of the Front Street Fire Station. His parents, William A, and Frances (Davis) Cook, represented members of old- HISTORY OF OHIO - 111 time families in Columbus. His maternal grandparents came from Wales and located at Columbus in 1820. His maternal grandfather, the late Richard Davis, constructed the first sewerage system in Columbus and did practically all the paving of the city up to 1890. His first home in Columbus was a log cabin in which he built at the corner of North High Street and First Avenue. Adjoining it was his farm, since all that part of the city was then out in the country. His descendants still own much valuable property in that vicinity. Chester C. Cook attended the grammar schools and the North High School, and after his high school course entered business as a city solicitor for a wholesale grocery house. Three months later he went to work in the auditing department of the Hocking Valley Railroad, and was with the railroad four years. It was in June, 1902, that Mr. Cook entered the general offices of the Sunday Creek Coal Company at Columbus. Since then many promotions have been accorded him, and for several years he has been a stockholder in the corporation, a member of its Board of Directors, and in charge of its financial affairs as treasurer and auditor. Mr. Cook has held his office as secretary of the Columbus Rotary Club for several years, and has been responsible for some of the prominent activities of this great organization. He was especially interested in raising the fund of $60,000 for building the now famous tuberculosis dispensary at 499 Oak Street, said to be the finest free tuberculosis dispensary in the country. Mr. Cook is chairman of the house committee as well as secretary of the Columbus Country Club. He is a Knight Templar and Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Grotto, and is one of the governors of the Tuberculosis Free Dispensasry. He has long been interested both as a player and as a promoter of sound athletics. He is a member of the football committee of the Chamber of Commerce, and has himself played football and for fifteen years played baseball with the Saturday Afternoon League of Columbus, of which he was one of the organizers. Mr. Cook is invariably drawn upon for his efficient and public spirited services in all civic and welfare movements. He married Miss Leah Herbert. Her father, the late Edward Herbert, was for many years a successful building contractor in Columbus, and was responsible for the construction of the first large commercial building on High Street, at the corner of Chestnut. He was the contractor for most of the buildings put up by the Deshlers and Haydens, including banks, office buildings and industrial buildings. Mr. and Mrs. Cook have one son, Chester H. Cook. GEORGE L. WHEELER. Among railway officials located at Columbus, one of the most popular and one who has gained promotion from the ranks through the efficiency and fidelity demanded of railroad systems terms is George L. Wheeler, general agent, passenger department, New York Central Railroad (Ohio Central Lines). Mr. Wheeler was born near Lime City, in Perrysburg Township, Wood County, Ohio, in 1874, son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Schneider) Wheeler. His father was a native of England, came to this country at the age of twenty and settled in Wood County, Ohio. Elizabeth Schneider, whom he married there, was born in Switzerland and was a child when her parents established their home in Wood County. Both families located there when Wood County was still a comparatively new and undeveloped section of the state. A farm environment during his early years, and with school advantages in district institutions of learning, George L. Wheeler left the farm to take up railroading, and has now spent thirty-two years in that work out of the fifty years of his lifetime. He learned telegraphy, and his first regular position was as telegraph operator at Van Buren in Hancock County. Subsequently he became operator and station agent at Marysville, and on April 18, 1896, came to Columbus and opened the Broad Street Station for what was then known as the Toledo, Columbus & Cincinnati Railway. The title of this road was later changed to the Toledo & Ohio Central, and finally became officially designated as the New York Central Railroad (Ohio Central Lines). Mr. Wheeler remained the agent in charge of the Broad Street station until 1904. In that year he was made city ticket agent of the company, in February, 1907, was advanced to city passenger agent, and on July 15, 1910, after the New York Central Lines had taken over the Ohio Central, he was made traveling passenger agent. Since January 1, 1916, he has been enjoying the official rank and performing the duties of general agent of the passenger department of the New York Central Railroad (Ohio Central Lines). These lines embrace nearly a thousand miles of railroad, extending from Toledo to Columbus and to Charleston, West Virginia, with various branch lines both in this state and West Virginia. This road is noted for its high class service and equipment. The successive promotions with which Mr. Wheeler has been honored attest his ability as a railroad official, his high standing with the managers of the property, and also his popularity with the public, since his service has been one bringing him in close contact with the patrons of the lines. Mr. Wheeler is one of the prominent Masons of Columbus. He is past master of Humboldt Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, past high priest of Ohio Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, past thrice illustrious master of Columbus Council, Royal and Select Masters, is warder of Mount Vernon Commandery No. 1, Knights Templar, monarch of Achbar Grotto of the Mystic Order of Veiled Prophets of the Enchanted Realm, a member of the Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Columbus, is past president of the New York Central Square Club, a Masonic organization, and is a member of the Shrine Club. He is also a member of the New York Central Athletic Club. Mr. Wheeler married Miss Nellie Cline, of Vinton County. They have one son, Harold Richard Wheeler. This son is a graduate in engineering of Ohio State University and is now assistant engineer for the American Rolling Mills Company at Ashland, Kentucky. JOHN M. SARVER was one of the organizers a nd is president of the Ohio State Life Insurance Company of Columbus. This company was organized and wrote its first policy in 1906. It is essentially a company doing business in its home state, and it was organized following the disclosures of corrupt methods in the insurance business during 1905. The Ohio State Life Insurance Company has made a remarkable record, and while its operations are extended to Michigan, Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia, Oklahoma and Texas, fully four-fifths of its business is in Ohio. It now maintains insurance in force to the amount of $40,000,000, and assets of over $5,000,000. The larger part of its assets are invested in first mortgage loans on real estate. It is an Ohio corporation, subject to the rules of Ohio governing insurance companies, and its management has kept the resources of the company at all times at a conservative and prosperous standard. Since 1911 the company has also been writing health and accident insurance and it affords all the standard and special forms of policy approved by the most progressive insurance authorities. The company has been fortunate in having al- 112 - HISTORY OF OHIO most a continuous official personnel. The president, John M. Sarver, the vice presidents, U. S. Brandt, Irving Drew and Joel C. Clore, and the medical directors, C. E. Shilling and T. W. Rankin, have all been identified with the company since 1906, and very few changes have been made in the directors. Joseph K. Bye, secretary and treasurer, has served the company as an officer since 1916. John M. Sarver was born in Stark County, Ohio, November 29, 1865, son of Michael and Eliza Jane (Anderson) Sarver. The Sarver family settled in Pennsylvania about the time of the Revolutionary war. His grandfather, John Sarver, finally came to Ohio, and died in this state in 1870. Michael Sarver was born in Pennsylvania in 1835, was educated in common schools and college and became a successful teacher. He became identified with the development of the oil fields of Western Pennsylvania, was also admitted to the bar, and in 1865, on account of impaired health, bought a farm in Stark County, Ohio. Finally, for his health, he moved out to California and bought a farm in Santa Barbara County. He died at Canton, Ohio, March 18, 1877. His wife, born in Pennsylvania in 1837, also died in Canton, Ohio.  John M. Sarver between the age of seven and eleven lived in California, and then returned to Canton, Ohio, where he graduated from high school in 1884. In 1886 he completed his education in Ohio Northern University, and was one of the able school men of Stark County for a number of years. For five years he was principal of the North Cherry Street School and was principal of the Canton High School until 1901. In that year he was chosen superintendent of the Canton schools. On leaving school work in 1905 he took up life insurance, and in 1906 became one of the organizers and first secretary of The Ohio State Life Insurance Company. He served as secretary until 1913, when he was made president. Mr. Sarver married Kate E. Harvey, of Canton, Ohio, and they are members of the First Lutheran Church of Columbus. Mr. Sarver is vice president of the American Life Convention, a director of the Business Men's Advertising Company, president of the Ohio Health and Accident Companies, Conference. He also is a member of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, the Columbus Country Club, the Athletic Club and the Optomists, Club, while in fraternal circles he is a Mason, an Odd Fellow and a Knight of Pythias. OSCAR AVERY. The Avery and Loeb Electric Company of Columbus is a large business, handling electrical supplies wholesale and retail, and doing an extensive business with electrical contractors, telephone companies and industrial plants. This business in an important degree represents the energy and resourcefulness and well applied industry of Oscar Avery, who for a quarter of a century has been identified with the business community of the capital city. Mr. Avery was born near Hilliards, in Franklin County, Ohio, July 8, 1880, son of P. S. and Lucinda (Sands) Avery, his father dying in 1886. His grandfather was Peletiah Sylvester Avery, whose father was one of the first settlers at the Hilliards community in Franklin County. For this pioneer Avery Lodge of Masons at Hilliards was named. Oscar Avery was six years old when his father died. As a boy he came face to face with the serious problems of life, and became self supporting as soon as possible. He was educated in the public schools of his home community, graduating from high school, and his first employment was as clerk in a general store at Hilliards. In 1897 he came to Columbus and began his career in the electrical business with the firm of Erner & Hopkins, wholesale electrical supplies. He started as messenger boy, and filled every position with that house except bookkeeper. When he resigned on January 1, 1911, he was sales manager. He left the old firm to purchase the business of the Ross-Hull Electric Company, and organized as its successor the Avery & Loeb Electric Company, of which he has been president. This is one of the largest electrical supply firms in Ohio, and the business has steadily grown and prospered under the capable direction of Mr. Avery. Mr. Avery is a York and Scottish Rite Mason, being a member of the Mount Vernon Commandery of the Knights Templars, the Scottish Rite Cosistory and the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Junia Lodge of Odd Fellows and the Elks., was the first member and the first president of the Kiwanis Club of Columbus, and belongs to the Athletic, Aladdin Country, and Young Business Men's clubs. Mr. Avery married Susan Bolton Young. She was born in Dorchester, Massachusetts. Her father was a native of Scotland and her mother of England. The four children of Mr. and Mrs. Avery are: Robert B., Louise E., Martha Elizabeth and Janet. HIRAM COOK, who died at his home in Columbus in the year 1921, was one of the gallant young men who represented Ohio as soldiers of the Union in the Civil war, and he had the further distinction of serving as a member of the bodyguard of President Lincoln. Mr. Cook was born in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, in the year 1836, and he was a lad of eleven years at the time of the family removal to Ohio, the home having been established at Adelphia, Ross County, whence removal later was made to Circleville Pickaway County. At that place Hiram Cook ws residing at the inception of the Civil war, and he responded to President Lincoln's first call for volunteers by enlisting in the Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, one of the first Ohio commands to become active in warfare on Southern soil. He took part in the various engagements in which this regiment was involved up to the year 1863, and was then assigned to duty as a member of the Seventh Ohio Independent Cavalry, comprised of soldiers and officers from every county in Ohio, the command having been organized in consonance with a special request by Governor Tod. This regiment was assigned to duty at the national capital, as a special guard to President Linco, and Mr. Cook was bugler of the famous command. The regimental bugle, now in the possession of Mr. Cook’s son, Howard M., of Columbus, played an important part on the tragic day that marked the assassination of President Lincoln, and it is gratifying to be able to preserve in this publication the statements given by Mr. Cook himself in an interview that occurred several years prior to his death. Mr. Cook said: "I had just sounded taps at the barracks Fifteenth Street and was sitting on my bunk, getting ready to turn in, when one of the guardsmen came running in, and said Secretary of State William H. Seward had been murdered. Without authority from superior officers, I sounded the call ‘boots and saddles.’ In seven minutes the entire company was mounted and off to the Seward residence. On the way we met another guardsman, who excitedly told us the President had been shot at the Ford Theater, Turning the horses, I led the company down Pennsylvania Avenue to the theater, in Tenth Street. We were greeted by a wild roar of helpless fury and despair from the thousands of men and women who crowded the entrance to the theater. The President was carried to a residence across the street, while we dispersed the crowd." Thereafter Mr. Cook was attached to the cortege   HISTORY OF OHIO - 113 which carried the body of the martyred President from Washington to Springfield, Illinois, and in that capacity he was in Columbus, Ohio, while the remains of the President here lay in state at the capitol. At each place where services were held en route the historic bugle was used in blowing taps, including the final obsequies at Springfield, Illinois. From the Columbus Dispatch of June 17, 1923, are taken the following quotations: "Battered and time-stained, but still capable of service, the historical bugle which sounded taps over the grave of Abraham Lincoln has been located in Columbus and will be used in blowing the assembly call in the 'Pageant of Memories, which will be given in honor of the state G. A. R. encampment June 26. The bugle is the property of H. M. Cook of Columbus, who inherited it from his father, Hiram Cook, who was a member of President Lincoln 's body-guard.” For a short period after the close of the Civil war Hiram Cook was engaged in the lumber-mill business at Columbus, and he then returned to Circleville, where he established a lumber mill and engaged also in contracting and building. Later, by reason of impaired health resulting from the hardships he endured while serving as a soldier in the Civil war, he disposed of these business interests and established at Circleville the bookstore which he thereafter conducted about forty years, he having been one of the honored and loved pioneer citizens of that place at the time of his death and having been long and appreciatively affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republican. Mr. Cook wedded Miss Delila Long, of Chillicothe, Ross County, and she preceded him to the life eternal. Howard M. Cook, son of the honored subject of this memoir, was born and reared at Circleville, and he has been for several years a resident of Columbus, where he is associated with the real estate firm of Wollom & Schleckman. He married Miss Bess Rosemond Henderson, of Circleville, Ohio, and they have two children, Jane Barbara and Howard M., Jr. W. LYMAN CASE is a member of the real estate firm Ross & Case at Columbus. This is a firm with a notable record for service and perpetual facilities in the financial organization and supervision of a downtown realty company in Columbus. Mr. Case was born, reared and educated and had his early business training in St. Louis, Missouri, and after some years he was in the real estate business as the senior partner in the Case-Heath Realty Company. His home has been in Columbus since 1916. His early operations in the real estate field brought him in association with Mr. Calvin B. Ross, resulting in the present firm of Ross & Case. Both are young men and have a remarkable individual record of successful transactions in and the management of central business property. Such property represents the full scope of their exclusive business. Ross & Case have been the intermediaries in providing the financial organization, the administrative detail, and the management in the construction of a number of modern office and business buildings in Columbus. Their work constitutes city building and modern methods of property improvement. Their advice and counsel in all matters pertaining to central business property, as to present and future valuation, commercial possibilities, etc., are considered invaluable. Among the buildings the sale or building of which they have brought about and of which they are managers are the Rowlands Building, the Yuster Building, the High-Long Building, the Peters Building, the Physians and Surgeons Building, the structure at 74 North Third Street and a number of others. The officers of the firm are in the Rowlands Building. Mr. Case is also a director of the City National Bank and the Peoples Building and Loan Company. In Columbus only eight years, Mr. Case has from the first manifested a keen and obdurate judgment in matters affecting the local welfare and progress, and has put his energy and public spirit behind a number of movements in civic affairs. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Real Estate Board, the Kiwanis Club, is a Knight Templar and Scottish Rite Mason and a Shriner, and belongs to the Columbus Club, Columbus Country Club, Columbus Athletic Club and Automobile Club. Mr. Case married Miss Margaret Brown, who was reared in Ohio, and they have two sons : William Lyman, Jr., and Robert Brown Case. MICHAEL B. CAIN for a number of years has been an expert in the gas manufacturing industry. His home has been at Columbus for sixteen years, and he has been prominent in labor circles. He is president of the Columbus Securities and Realty Company. Mr. Cain was born in Wayne County, Indiana, September 23, 1875, son of Michael and Rachel E. (Morrow) Cain. The Cain family became identified with Wayne County in pioneer times. Michael B. Cain lived on a farm there until he was seventeen years of age, getting a public school education. When he left home he entered the glass factory, learning the trade of glass blower, and it was as one of the expert workmen in the glass industry that he came to Columbus in 1907 and entered the service of the Winslow Glass Company. In December, 1916, he went to Glasgow, Scotland, to introduce the American system for the North British Bottle Company. He was abroad when America entered the World war, and at once offered his services to the American consul at Glasgow. On his return to Columbus in February, 1918, he was assigned to work as special investigator under Fred C. Croxton, state food administrator. In 1919 Mr. Cain was elected president of the Columbus Federation of Labor. He has been identified with the labor movement for a great many years. He resigned as president of the federation in November, 1921, to associate himself with the Central Securities Company. Subsequently he promoted the Arra Mortgage Bond & Abstract Company and the Columbus Securities and Realty Company, and was president of the latter. The officers of both companies are at 20 South Third Street. While Mr. Cain is still connected with these two companies, yet in February, 1924, he resigned the presidency of the Columbus Securities and Realty Company to again take an active part in the labor movement. He was again elected president and business representative of the Columbus Federation of Labor. On March 3, 1924, he was appointed by the county auditor, Mr. Thatcher of Franklin County, as one of a committee of seven deputies for the reappraisal of Franklin County property. In the summer of 1923 Mr. Cain became a candidate for the Columbus City Council, going into the primaries and also into the subsequent elections on the platform and with the endorsement of the Home Rule Association and the Columbus Federation of Labor. At the primaries August 14 he was one of the eight to receive nomination. December 6, 1898, Mr. Cain married Mrs. Laura R. Wallace of Liberty, Indiana. By her first marriage she has two children, George E. and Edna M. Wallace. Mr. and Mrs. Cain have an adopted son, Michael B. Cain, Jr. DELWIN A. GLOVER, one of the active and able business men of Elyria, Ohio, was born at this town in August, 1876, and is the son of George aid Mary A. (Howlett) Glover, the former of whom is a native 114 - HISTORY OF OHIO of England, but came to the United States when he was quite young. His grandparents were George and Maria (Whieldon) Glover, who left the old country' and came to America and finally to Ohio in 1849. The parents of Mary A. Howlett were likewise natives of England, and came to the United States in 1866, just at the close of the Civil war. George and Mary A. Glover were married after their people came to this country, the wedding ceremony occurring at Elyria. There they resided for many years and attained a conspicuous reputation for upright character and sound citizenship. The husband became a horse-shoer, and conducted the same shop which had been established by his father many years before. In 1910 he passed away, but his widow lives with her son Delwin A. Delwin A. Glover was reared at Elyria and given a sound education in the public schools and in the local high school. Soon after finishing the high school course he entered Oberlin Business College, and remained there one year. He left the high school in 1894, and finished the business college the following year. The pressure of business then compelled him to go to work. He first became an accountant at Elyria, but in 1900 moved to Springfield, Missouri, and there engaged in the real estate and the livery business, and was thus occupied until June, 1905, when he returned to Elyria and again secured a position as accountant. He succeeded so well that he was thus employed until March, 1919, and then again went into the real estate and insurance business in Elyria and has continued the same down to the present time. In June, 1922, he entered into another business on the side, becoming associated with C. G. Taylor in the difficult art of financing and equipping the interurban cars with intricate gas driving devices. In these enterprises he is still associated, and has greatly aided the improvement of the systems that govern the car movements. At the same time he has built up a superior reputation for good citizenship and persistent and beneficial industry. In January, 1905, he was joined in wedlock with Miss Nellie C. McDaniel, a daughter of James Lee and Julia (Cornett) McDaniel, the father 's birth occurring in Memphis, Tennessee, and the mother 's in South Carolina. George Cornett, father of Julia and his brother, Stephenson, served in the Confederate army during the Civil war, and he was honorably discharged at the conclusion of peace. The grandparents of Nellie C. were William Henderson Lee and Nancy J. (Hodges) McDaniel of Tennessee. The wife of Mr. Glover's grandfather on his mother 's side was Lydia A. Adams, a grand niece of John Quincy Adams. She was born in South Carolina. Her great-grandmother was a sister of Gen. Robert E. Lee, the famous Confederate leader in the Civil war. The wife of Mr. Glover was educated at the public schools of Springfield, Missouri, and there she passed her studies with high rank. Both Mr. and Mrs. Glover are members of the Baptist Church and both are republicans. Mrs. Glover is a member of various church societies and other organizations, and both are well known and universally respected and honored. Mr. Glover has a fine modern home at Elyria, all built of hand finished wood and finished in 1918, and was occupied for the first time in the spring of that year. STACY B. RANKIN. The first secretary of the Ohio Bankers Association was the late Stacy B. Rankin of South Charleston. He was active in banking circles for more than forty years, and for twenty-six years of this time held the office of secretary of the State Bankers Association. Among Ohio bankers his name was held in peculiar veneration and esteem. Practically every banker in the state knew him personally. He exhibited unwearying patience in counsel, advice and practical assistance in solving individual problems of banking. His broad knowledge of finance, his foresightedness and skillful guidance made possible for him to organize, build and develop the strongest State Bankers Association in the country. Throughout the long period of his incumbency of the secretary 's office he exercised the utmost in scrutinizing every legislative act affecting banking interests. In no small degrce it was due to his untiring efforts that the first sound workable bank law was put on the statute books. When he voluntarily retired from the office of secretary in 1918 a resolution of appreciation unanimously adopted at the year’s convention made him secretary emeritus of association for life. Stacy B. Rankin was born at South Charleston, Ohio, December 21, 1855, and lived in that Clark County village all his life. He died November 10, 1919. He was reared and educated in the beautiful village of his birth, and when seventeen years of age entered the Bank of South Charleston as assistant to his father, the president of the institution. Later he succeeded his father as president, and was had of that bank when he died. He was also active vice president of the Fifth-Third National Bank, Cincinnati, and was a director of the Little Miami Railroad. For two terms he represented Clark County in the Ohio General Assembly. Stacy B. Rankin married Miss Fannie Kemper. She and two sons, Mark B. and Stacy B., survive him. J. W. TANNEHILL, for many years prominently identified with Ohio journalism and an influential democratic party worker, is now superintendent of the Division of Building and Loan Associations, one of the important offices in the state government. His headquarters are in the Wyandotte Building. Mr. Tannehill was born in Noble County, Ohio, March 12, 1865. His maternal great-grandfather, Ezekiel Dye, was the first settler in a wide expanse of country between McConnellsville and Caldwell, a distance of twenty-five miles. Mr. Tannehill finished his education at Muskingum College, New Concord, and after six years as a teacher in the rural schools engaged in newspaper work. For seventeen years he was editor and owner of the Morgan County Democrat at McConnellsville, Ohio, being identified with that publication from 1892 to 1909. For twenty-five years Mr. Tannehill was an active worker in committees and conventions of the democratic party. He was a delegate from his county to the Constitutional Convention in 1912. He was the author of the amendment providing for the state direct primary. When the present Governor Donahey was state auditor of Ohio he called Mr. Tannehill to become his statistician, and in that service continued at Columbus until 1921. On February 1, 1923, Governor Donahey appointed Mr. Tannehill to his present office, as superintendent of the of the Division of Building and Loan Associations. He has an office force of six and eighteen road examiners. Mr. Tannehill was for some time associated editorially with Current Events, an educational journal that has great popularity and a wide circulation in the United States. HUGH S. BUTLER. A veteran in the newspaper and advertising business, Mr. Hugh S. Butler is president of the Butler Advertising Agency at Columbus, and has been author of some noteworthy publicity campaigns, not only in the State of Ohio, but in other states within recent years. Mr. Butler was born at Wabash, Indiana, but grew up and acquired his early education at Huntington, Indiana. Before taking up advertising as a specialty he was in the newspaper business for about HISTORY OF OHIO- 115 twenty years, and for eight years he was the editor and publisher of the Huntington Herald. Upon removing to Columbus in 1913 Mr. Butler became associated with the advertising agency known as the Mumm-Romer Company. In 1920 he started his own business, as the Butler Advertising Company. He is president of the corporation, and it is a general advertising agency for the placing of advertising in both local and foreign newspapers and magazines. The company arranges for and handles the details of many important advertising contracts. Mr. Butler is an expert student of the advertising profession. Among his most important achievements have been his advertising campaigns for public utility corporations. He has charge of the newspaper publicity for the Ohio Fuel Gas Company, who are producers and distributors of natural gas, and also for the Lone Star Gas Company of Texas and the Oklahoma Natural Gas Company of Oklahoma. This publicity was not an ordinary sales campaign, but was put forth for the purpose of educating the public in the judicious use and conservation of natural gas and to give the public an adequate understanding of the economic conditions surrounding the production and distribution of this fuel. The publicity dealt with various problems faced by corporations engaged in the production and supply, and discussed the rates to the consumer which had to be charged in order to enable the companies to continue in business. Likewise explanation was made of the effect of many of the laws and regulations imposed by the state legislatures and publicity utility commissions. Other parts of the program were for the purpose of educating the public on economic loss resulting from the dishonest use of gas, from tampering with the gas meters for the purpose of defrauding the companies and various other problems. By this enlightening campaign grave abuses were corrected, resulting in economic advantage both to the corporations and the consumers. Perhaps the chief result of the campaigns have been the establishment of a more harmonious relationship between the public and the service corporations, a relationship based upon a better understanding of the business service performed by the companies. During the World war Mr. Butler had charge of the advertising campaigns for many of the war drives in Columbus and vicinity. The advertising of the Ohio War Savings Committee was directed by him, his work contributing to the most remarkable record made by any state. The copy he wrote for the War Chest campaign in Columbus attracted general attention because of the quickness of its results. Mr. Butler is also well known in civic affairs of his home city. He is a charter member of the Lions Club, and in December, 1923, he was elected secretary and treasurer of that club. ROSCOE R. WALCUTT, an official court reporter of Columbus, was born near the capital city, and represents one of the most prominent families in this section of Ohio. The Walcutt family is of English lineage. Among the early colonial settlers some located in New England and others in Maryland and Virginia. A direct ancestor of Roscoe R. Walcutt was William Walcutt of Talbott County, Maryland. He volunteered as a soldier in the Continental army during the War for Independence, and afterward moved to the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia and settled in Loudoun County. He married there. He had three sons, Robert, John Macy and James Walcutt, these being the founders of the Walcutt family in Ohio. The most prominent character of the Ohio family was the late Gen. C. C. Walcutt, a son of the John Macy Walcutt just mentioned. He became a brigadier general in the Union army during the Civil war, and during the '70s was mayor of Columbus. His name figures conspicuously in the history of Columbus. James W. Walcutt, grandfather of Roscoe R., and a son of Robert, one of the original settlers, was a resident of Delaware County, where he owned the Olentangy Mills. Roscoe R. Walcutt was born in Clinton Township, north of Columbus, in Franklin County, in 1888, son of Charles C. and Rosella (Robbins) Walcutt. Charles C. Walcutt was born in Delaware County, and is a substantial farmer, still occupying his place in Clinton Township. On that farm Roscoe R. Walcutt spent his boyhood days. He attended the school at Columbus, and is a graduate of the Columbus North High School. He spent one year in Otterbein University, and as a youth took up shorthand as a profession and made himself master of the art. In 1907, when he was only nineteen years old, he entered the office of the official court stenographer of Franklin County, being appointed an official stenographer three years later. Mr. Walcutt married Miss Marguerite Pegg, daughter of James M. and Emma (Amos) Pegg, and granddaughter of Joseph Pegg. Isabella Pegg, a sister of Joseph Pegg, married Rev. Henry Innis of Columbus. Both the Pegg and Innis families comprise a large and prominent connection in Franklin County. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. Walcutt are Margaret, Robert Pegg and James Charles. JOHN W. MOONEY, who died in Columbus, February 15, 1923, had practiced law in the Capital City forty-four years. For many years he made a specialty of insurance laws, and in later years became nationally known as an interpreter of insurance laws. He was born in Belmont County, Ohio, October 6, 1854. His grandfather came from New York and was a pioneer of Belmont County. David C. Mooney, father of John W., was born in Belmont County in 1824, and in about 1863 moved with his family to Delaware County, where he was engaged in farming and commercial activities and where he reached a venerable age. He was a whig and became a republican upon the formation of that party. His wife was Clara C. Gladden, and they were the parents of eight children. The three children who survive their brother, the late Columbus attorney, are : D. E. Mooney, long a merchant at Columbus ; Delbert, a well known farmer of Delaware; and Mrs. William A. Hall, of Delaware. John W. Mooney was about nine years of age when taken to Delaware, Ohio. He was reared on a farm, attended public schools, and in 1869 entered Ohio Wesleyan University. He left college in his junior year to assume the management of a business left by a deceased brother. Two years later he entered the Cincinnati Law School, was graduated with the class of 1879, and at once located in Columbus, where he practiced as member of the firm Powell, Ricketts & Mooney until 1883. Following that he was associated with George Artz until 1889. This latter firm specialized largely in patent and corporation cases, and handled many such cases before the United States courts. After 1889 Mr. Mooney for a number of years practiced alone, largely in probate and corporation law and then insurance law. At the time of his death he was senior member of the law firm Mooney, Bibbee & Edmond, with offices in the First National Building. He was an honored member of the Ohio State Bar Association, the Franklin County Bar Association, the Columbus Club and the Scioto Country Club, and in former years he had been identified with several business corporations. He never sought political honors, though from early manhood he was a staunch supporter of republican principals. It was claimed 116 - HISTORY OF OHIO for him by his legal associates as an unusual distinction that he had taken part in law suits in every county in Ohio, nearly all of these cases involving some of the law of insurance. In 1895 Mr. Mooney married Miss Frances E. Houser, who survives him and continues to reside at the family home at 1505 East Broad Street. Mrs. Mooney has been one of the accomplished members of Columbus social and musical circles. She was born in Cadiz, Ohio, attended the public schools there, and continued her musical education with four years in Leipsic, Germany. On her return to the United States she taught music in Columbus, and maintained an active part in musical affairs after her marriage. JAMES T. CARROLL, who has become well known over Ohio during a third of a century of residence at Columbus, is president and treasurer of the Columbian Printing and Publishing Company, publishers of the Catholic Columbian, a weekly journal of wide influence among the Ohio Catholics. This company also publishes several monthly national journals. The Columbian was founded in 1874 by the first Bishop of the Diocese, Bishop Rosencrans, a brother of the distinguished General Rosencrans of the Union army. Bishop Rosencrans died in 1878. The first editor of the Columbian was Rev. Father Clarke, of the Holy Family Church in' Columbus. One of the distinguished contributors to this paper for twenty years was the late James R. Randall of Baltimore, author of "Maryland, My Maryland." As a leading contributor he was succeeded by Father Mulhane of Mount Vernon, Ohio, who, under the pen name of "R. C. Gleaner," contributes an interesting section each week under the caption "The Catholic Viewpoint." The Catholic Columbian is most capably edited and managed by Mr. Carroll, who has brought it to a place of highest rank among religious newspapers in America. The Columbian is published at its own building at 50 West Gay Street, and the plant contains a complete publishing equipment. At this plant are published various papers, books and periodicals for Catholic societies and fraternities. Mr. James T. Carroll was born in 1868 in County Kerry, near the famous Lakes of Killarney, Ireland. He was educated in the national schools of Ireland, in the Marist College at Glasgow, Scotland, and was a young man when he came to Columbus in 1890. For twelve years he was a mail carrier on the staff of the Columbus postoffice, and he was elected and served for six years as national secretary of the Hibernian Society. His active association with the Catholic Columbian began in 1904, and for several years he has been its capable editor and manager. While busy with the management of this paper and the publishing plant, Mr. Carroll has exemplified a deep and continuous interest in the civic affairs of his home city. He is vice president of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, is a director of the Kiwanis Club, is a director of the Union Building and Savings Company, and he is a former member of the Legislature. He was elected in 1912 to the lower house of the General Assembly, representing Franklin County, and was an influential member during the sessions of 1913 and 1915. He is a communicant of St. Joseph Cathedral Parish and is identified with practically all the Catholic societies. Mr. Carroll married Miss Mary Sullivan, of Columbus. They have three children: Delia, wife of Leo Jordan, of St. Paul, Minnesota ; Thomas J. and James P. Carroll. HORATIO C. CREITH, founder and president of the H. C. Creith Lumber Company at Columbus, has been a resident of that city for nearly thirty years, and since earliest boyhood his experience and associations has been with the lumber industry. Consequently there is not a single phase of the industry, from logging to the sale of the finished product, with which he is not familiar. Mr. Creith was born at Imlay City, Lapeer County, Michigan, in 1871. Thus his birthplace was in one of the famous lumbering centers of Michigan. His father was a pioneer Michigan lumberman, going to the state when there was an untold wealth of virgin timber not only in the northern but over most of the southern peninsula. He became widely known as an expert timber estimator, and for himself and for syndicates located and contracted many large tracts of timber land. In 1888, realizing the prospective end of Michigan's resources, the father of Mr. Creith moved to Kentucky and engaged in his business in the hardwood timber regions of that state. Horatio C. Creith when six years of age, in 1877, moved with his parents to Evart in Osceola County, Michigan, where he grew up and received most of his schooling. He was seventeen when his father moved to Kentucky. Already with considerable knowledge of the practical details of lumbering, he went to work for the old Chicago Lumber Company at their plant at Coal Grove, Lawrence County, Ohio, on the banks of the Ohio River, a point contiguous to the Kentucky hardwood timber region, from which the Coal Grove plant received its supply. A few years later, in 1895, Mr. Creith became a traveling salesman in the wholesale lumber business. He established his headquarters at Columbus, and that was the beginning of his permanent residence in this city. Mr. Creith was on the road as a wholesale lumber salesman until 1922, when he retired and organized and established the H. C. Creith Lumber Company, of which he is president and active executor. This company has a model plant and yard construction work on which was begun in January, 1922, and it was completed and ready for business in July of the same year. The plant occupies an ideal site of ten acres of ground in the heart of the best industrial district, on East Fifth Avenue, near the Big Four Railroad. The buildings are of brick and concrete, and present an attractive architectural appearance, in marked contrast from the average retail lumber yard buildings. The yards are also attractively arranged and ornamented with flowers. In this business Mr. Creith has realized a dream and a plan that were matured through his many years of experience on the road. His company does a general lumber business, but specializes in the furnishing of materials for beautiful modern homes of moderate cost. The company maintains a complete service in the offices, making available attractive designs, plans and specifications for the company’s clients, and expert advice and assistance are rendered all prospective builders. The offices have special arrangements for the accommodation of women clients and customers who appreciate these modern aids and facilities in planning new and artistic homes. The unusual high character and unique distinction of this concern won for it a splendid business from the start. This is largely attributed to Mr. Creith’s long experience and his abilities as a business man. He married Miss Jennie H. Ardie, of Evart, Michigan. Her father was for many years a successful lumber merchant in Michigan. They have one son, Ardis Creith, now associated with his father in the H. C. Creith Lumber Company. Mr. Creith is a York and Scottish Rite Mason, a Shriner, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Columbus Country Club, the Scioto Country Columbus Athletic Club and has identified himself with a number of other civic and business organizations. HISTORY OF OHIO - 117 JAMES B. DUGAN, secretary of the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, is one of the men of the state who has had a long practical experience in the kind of work he is doing, in which office he is rendering a very acceptable public service. He was born at Kenton, Ohio, August 5, 1875, a son of Patrick and Mary (Johnson). Dugan. Growing -up in his native city, James B. Dugan was educated in its parochial schools, and began his business career as a salesman in a clothing store, from which he went into the employ of the Big Four Railroad Company as a clerk in its Kenton offices. For several years .thereafter he held this position, and became thoroughly conversant with the intricacies of freight traffic and freight tariffs. In 1906, during the administration of Governor Harris, Mr. Dugan became attached to the office of the Railroad Commission of Ohio, at Columbus, as an inspector, this being the year that the commission was created. For the subsequent seven years he continued an inspector of this department of the state government, or until the beginning of the first administration of Governor Cox, in 1913, when he was made chief inspector and served as such for two years. With the election of Governor Willis he was retired, but when Governor Cox was reelected Mr. Dugan was reappointed chief inspector, and served as such until after the termination Of the World war, when he resigned and went to Lima, Ohio. During the war he gave over practically all of his time to war work, and was director of transportation for the food administration of Ohio, and most. efficiently handled the fuel situation in this state. After going to Lima Mr. Dugan was for four years manager of the Ohio Electric Company of that city, having charge in that capacity of the light, power and street railway property of that company, but resigned from this position in 1922 and engaged in the coal business, with headquarters at Columbus. He gave up this business, however, to accept of the appointment, by Governor Donahey, to the office of secretary of the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, which commission now takes the place of the old Railroad Commission, and he entered upon his new duties January 10, 1923. The Public Utilities Commission discharges essential and highly important duties. Its functions are manifold, and relate largely to the regulation of charges by steam and electric railroads, telephone companies and similar corporations; also to the regulation Of the service rendered by such public utilities. The commission stands between the people and these large interests, and endeavors to protect the public's interest in every way that they may be affected. Its service in these matters, which are almost constantly coming up, are of the greatest value to the people. Although Mr. Dugan is located at Columbus in his official capacity, he still maintains his residence at Lima. He married Miss Katherine Burkhart, of Kenton, Ohio, and they have two children, Elizabeth and Margaret. Mr. Dugan belongs to the Elks, Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Welfare Society of Lima. CHARLES REYNOLDS WHEELER. After a long and sucessful career as a merchant of Columbus Charles R. Wheeler is finding a congenial occupation in handling real estate and in the management of his extensive private interests. His life has been spent in Columbus, which is his native city, for here he was born April 5, 1860. His parents were George F. and Emma R. (Waterman) Wheeler, the former born in Stuttgart, Germany, and the latter in Weymouth, England. George F. Wheeler, who also spent his early boyhood in Columbus, became a brass spinner as .a youth, later becoming a clerk in a grocery store located at the corner of High and Lynne streets. He was an ambitious lad, and even at that early age he was looking, forward to the time when he might be fortunate enough to have a business of his own. In the fall of 1848 he went to Millersburg, Ohio, where with the money he had saved from his earnings he purchased a complete outfit for the overland trip to the newly discovered gold fields of California. A caravan was formed at Columbus, and joining with these other hardy adventurers they left in the spring of 1849 for the Pacific Coast. The story of The '49ers" is an epic in American history, while the hardships encountered, the dangers bravely faced and surmounted, Serve but to portray the sterling qualities and resolute determination of those sturdy pioneers. Mr. Wheeler returned to Columbus in 1850 and purchased a half interest in the store where he had formerly been employed. He had formed a partnership with David Hayden, who purchased the remaining half interest, and they moved the stock of goods to a building located at 18 North High Street, and here the new business firm of Hayden & Wheeler became established. Leaving his partner to conduct the business, Mr. Wheeler returned to California in 1851. He returned again to Columbus in 1852, and soon thereafter, purchased the interest of Mr. Hayden, thus becoming sole owner. Subsequently the son Charles R., was admitted to partnership and the business was continued until 1908. At the time of its dissolution this house was one of the oldest mercantile establishments of Columbus continued under one name. George F. Wheeler died in Columbus March 28, 1887, being survived by his widow until 1903. They had reared a family of three children: Charles' R.., Mrs. Fanny W. Houston and Edwin R. (who died at the age of twenty-nine years). Charles R. Wheeler was educated in the grade and high schools of Columbus, first being a student of the original State Street School, and later of the present State Street School, and in 1878 was graduated from the old Central High School. He grew up in the grocery business in his father 's establishment, succeeding him, and continuing to conduct the store until 1908. Since then he has devoted himself to handling real estate of his own and other parties, and looking after his private interests. He has been a man of action and has conducted extensive transactions in city and urban development, and the city has profited in a substantial way because of his personal activities. With a keen perception and clear vision he early sensed the rapid growth of the, city and foresaw the development of today. With this vision in mind he became a pioneer in the field of modern construction, and in 1892 he built the first building of more than five stories ever erected in Columbus. This building, formerly known as the Wheeler Building, now known as the Nims Building, is a nine-story structure, which at the time of its erection towered above its surroundings, a veritable skyscraper. Mr. Wheeler also built the first absolutely fireproof. factory building, and the first reinforced construction apartment building in the city. A very interesting period of Mr. Wheeler 's life was that covering his membership with the famous Columbus Cadets, a widely known military organization of the boys and young men of the '70s. This company was organized in 1874, when there was no National Guards, 'and, although only fourteen years old at that time, Mr. Wheeler was one of the original members.' As he. had not at that time reached his full growth, he was forced to wear shoes with extra thick soles in order to come lip to the required height of five . feet. Beginning with' an original membership of 118 - HISTORY OF OHIO ten, the company increased in numbers until it was found expedient to organize an additional company, and a battalion of two companies was formed, with a full quota of officers under the command of Maj. Wade Converse. The youths in the Columbus Cadets represented the very best families of Columbus from a social standpoint, and the organization was in great demand as a military adjunct at notable functions, not only at Columbus and throughout Ohio, but in distant cities as well. Mr. Wheeler went with the cadets to the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1876, where they were the official guests of the centennial commissioners. They also formed the official escort at the inauguration of President Rutherford B. Hayes at Washington March 4, 1877. The Columbus Cadets disbanded in 1881, giving place to the regular National Guard of Ohio, which had in the meanwhile come into existence. An association of members of the cadets has been maintained ever since, and of this organization Mr. Wheeler has been secretary and treasurer continuously. Mr. Wheeler married Mary E. Reed, a daughter of the late William H. Reed of Ross County, Ohio, state senator from that county. They have two children: George F. Wheeler and Elizabeth, the wife of A. B. Richardson, Jr. Mr. Wheeler is a Scottish Rite Mason, belongs to Mount Vernon Commandery No. 1, Knights Templar, and is a Shriner. He is a member of the Columbus Club, the Columbus Country Club and the Marshalsea Club. These fraternal and social connections afford him a pleasant association with his friends, and he is popular with his fellow members in all of these organizations. CURTIS C. LATTIMER. Ohio is famous for its good roads, and consequently road builders are deserving of a first place in representative citizenship of the state. As county surveyor of Franklin County since 1919 Curtis C. Lattimer has contributed a valuable technical supervision to the road building program under the supervision of his office, and has proved a man of original and progressive ideas in handling the essential problems connected with state highways. Mr. Lattimer was born at Hilliards, in Franklin County, in 1886, son of Edgar G. and Olive Jane (Oldham) Lattimer. His parents both represented pioneer families in the county, the Oldhams having had their residence at Reynoldsburg. The grandfather, George W. Lattimer, was an old-time citizen of Hilliards. Edgar G. Lattimer for a long period of years was in the retail drug business at Columbus. When Curtis C, Lattimer was five years of age the family moved to Columbus, where he attended the public schools. He was graduated from the North High School in 1905, and subsequently attended the College of Engineering at Ohio State University. Following that he was employed for about a year and one-half as a draftsman with the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company. In 1909 he entered the county surveyor's office as a ehainman, and was promoted from one duty and responsibility to another until he became chief deputy. He remained in the office until 1917, when he resigned to become manager of the Columbus office of the Galion Iron Works, a company manufacturing road building machinery. He remained there' during his first campaign for election as county surveyor and until he was inaugurated, in September, 1919. Mr. Lattimer received the republican nomination for this office in 1918. He was elected in. November of that year, and began his official duties in September of the following year. In 1920 he was reelected, and in 1922 came a specific endorsement of his capable record. in his reelection for a third term. Mr. Lattimer is a recognized authority on road building problems. Under his supervision are 1,000 miles of roads in Franklin County, and more than half of this mileage is of the improved type. Recently under the direction of Mr. Lattimer a new type of roadway, the first of its kind in Ohio, was contracted for and built in Franklin County. This road has an edging or curb of concrete, a strip two or three feet wide on each side of the road bed and serves primarily to insure stability of the center part of the road. It also serves as a sidewalk and prevents the rapid wearing away which is so common on the present day type of road construction. Mr. Lattimer also has the distinction of having inaugurated for the first time in Ohio a road patrol system for the roads in Franklin County. This system involves the handling of the problems of maintenance very much as railroad companies maintain their lines, by a force of section men or patrols who are constantly working over, inspecting and repairing the section of roads assigned to them. Mr. Lattimer is prominent in social and fraternal circles. He is especially well known as a singer, and is a member of the Republican Glee Club, the Elks Chorus, the Scottish Rite Choir and St. Paul's Episcopal Church Choir. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a Knight Templar and Shriner, a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Modern Woodmen of America, United Commercial Travelers, and is a member of the Young Business Men's Club, the Kiwanis Club and the Athletic Club. Mr. Lattimer married Miss Ruth Belle Armstrong. She was born at Kittanning, Pennsylvania, member of a historic family of that section. Kittanning is in Armstrong County, which was named for Mrs. Lattimer 's early ancestors who were among the first settlers in that part of Pennsylvania. Kittanning itself was named for two aunts of Mrs. Lattimer, their names being Kittie and Annie. Mr. and Mrs. Lattimer have three children, Robert John, Martha Jane and Curtis C., Jr., and the family resides at 618 Kimball Place Avenue, Columbus, Ohio. WILLIAM G. PENGELLY, one of the best qualified handwriting experts in America, lives at Columbus. For over thirty years he was connected with the old Capital City Bank of Columbus. It was as a banker that he began the exhaustive study of chirography, which has made him an authority on writing not only in modern times, but from the beginning of the art. Since 1915 he has devoted his time exclusively to the profession of expert in handwriting. Mr. Pengelly was born at Plymouth, England, in 1865, son of James Thomas Ivey and Emmeline (Bond) Pengelly. His parents represented ancient and historic families in Devonshire and Cornwall. The Pengellys are Cornish, the name indicating that the family is descended from Druid chieftains. William G. Pengelly acquired his early education in England, and was seventeen years of age when he came to America. In 1884 he went to work for the old Capital City Bank of Columbus as secretary to the late S. S. Rickly, one of the founders of this bank and its president. Mr. Pengelly was soon made secretary of the bank, and filled that office for a period of thirty-one years, until 1915. Practically all bankers are in a measure expert judges of handwriting, particularly signatures that come before them daily. Mr. Pengelly developed a decided talent in this direction beyond the immediate means of his banking experience, and almost from the first has been regarded in Columbus as a discriminating judge and examiner of handwriting. Gradually he took up the study as a science, and for over twenty-seven years, long before he resigned from the bank, has been employed as a handwriting expert HISTORY OF OHIO - 119 in legal cases involving forgery. In this capacity he has been employed by the executive and state departments of Ohio, the state departments of Michigan, the postoffice department of the United States, and the federal departments of justice and war. He has acted many times as special examiner of documents for the intelligence departments of the British government. He has therefore become internationally as well as nationally known in his profession. During the World war his expert services were drawn upon by the secret service and intelligence departments of the American and other governments. He has qualified and testified as an expert in handwriting in the courts of New York, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, Kansas, Arkansas, and in most of the counties of Ohio. Mr. Pengelly has conducted a series of studies and researches into the history of writing and has in preparation the work to be entitled "Foiling the Forger," in which among other things he traces the origin of writing not to the Phoenicians, but to that prehistoric race that dwelt on the Island of Crete. Mr. Pengelly has not only appeared as an expert witness in courts, but has delivered formal addresses on his profession, one of these being on the subject, "The Handwriting Expert and His Work," which he delivered before a meeting of the Ohio State Bar Association. This address was published and widely distributed. For some years past Mr. Pengelly's home has been at Reynoldsburg, on a beautiful estate known as "Lunncroft," its name being given in honor of Mrs. Pengelly's father, the late Dr. L. T. Lunn, who lived there for a long period of years. Doctor Lunn, a graduate of Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, was one of the able physicians of his time. Mrs. Pengelly was the youngest daughter of Doctor Lunn, Miss Elizabeth Lunn. Mr. Pengelly was one of the founders of the Northwest Genealogical Society. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and an enthusiastic member of the Exchange Club of Columbus. JOHN W. JONES. Of the various institutions under the management of the state department of public welfare one of the most important is the State School for the Deaf at Columbus. The superintendent of this school for nearly thirty years has been John W. Jones, an acknowledged authority among American educators of the deaf. Mr. Jones was born and reared in the hills of Adams County, Ohio. From that rugged environment he derives much of his capacity for hard work and an inspiration for service in the general welfare. Largely through his own efforts he acquired a liberal education, graduating from the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, in 1885. For ten years he was superintendent of public schools at Manchester, Ohio, and on September 2, 1895, was elected superintendent of the State School for the Deaf at Columbus. In numerous ways he has proved his great capacity as an educator and as an administrator of such a public institution. The facilities of the school have set a pace in the advanced program in this country and abroad for the education of the deaf. New departments of instruction have been added, the attendance has increased, two new buildings have been erected, and the service represented today is a monument to the wise and careful leadership of Superintendent Jones. Mr. Jones has held many positions of honor and trust in the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, and Conference of Superintendents and Principals for the Deaf. In the field of authorship he is credited with a series of books on English to be used in deaf schools. He is also author of "The Greatest Problem of the Race—Its Own Conservation," a book on eugenics with special reference to the cause of defects of persons in all state institutions. Superintendent Jones married Miss Cora A. McPherson, of Mineral Springs, Adams County. Four daughters were born to their marriage: Marjorie M., now Mrs. E. E. Spencer; Carrie L., teacher of the deaf in Canton, Ohio; Pauline, now Mrs. E. G. Marquis; and Helen, who died when one year of age. VERNON M. RIEGEL, state superintendent of public instruction of Ohio, was in early life a teacher, then studied law, but his achievements and services that count most are his work as a school superintendent. He was born on a farm in Fairfield County. He attended a one-room school at Cedar Hill, and his individual efforts brought him his higher education. Later he was a student in the Ohio Central Normal at Pleasantville, the National Normal University at Lebanon, and he completed the law course of Ohio State University. In the meantime he had done farm work, had taught school, and after his admission to the bar practiced in justice courts. His success in school work finally won him entirely from a legal career. He was township superintendent and village superintendent, and in 1914 was made county superintendent of Marion County. At that time Marion County's rural school system was regarded as one of the poorest of any county in the state. Mr. Riegel showed his ability as an organizer and administrator as well as a man of high ideals, and in a few years improved the rural schools so that as a system they compared favorably with any in the state. It was his record as county superintendent in Marion County that brought him the favorable attention of State Superintendent of Instruction F. B. Pearson, who, though a republican, chose Mr. Riegel, a democrat, as superintendent of public instruction on September 15, 1917. He filled this office until April 6, 1920, when former Governor Cox appointed him state superintendent of public instruction. Mr. Riegel married Blanche E. Mears, of Toledo, Ohio. Three children have been born to them, two boys and a girl. Mr. Riegel is a member of the Masonic Order, the Knights of Pythias, the Elks, the Modern Woodmen of America and is a Presbyterian. FRED T. BABBITT, representing a family that for four generations has been in Ohio, was for some years prominently identified with agricultural movements and organizations in Franklin County, and is now superintendent of the Franklin County Home, located five miles southeast of Columbus. Mr. Babbitt was born in New Albany, in Franklin County, November 26, 1887. His father, Edward C. Babbitt, still lives on the old homestead at New Albany; where he was born December 30, 1858. Mr. Babbitt 's great-grandfather, and founder of the Ohio branch of the family, was John Babbitt, who came from Connecticut, where the family had lived for 200 years. He was a soldier in the War of 1812. Lovell W. Babbitt, son of John Babbitt, and grandfather of Fred T. Babbitt, was born in Franklin County, and in 1859 located at the old homestead mentioned above, where he lived until his death at the age of seventy. He had been a director for several years in the State Penitentiary. His wife was Lydia Hackman, of Fairfield County, and of their family of nine children Edward C. was the youngest and the only one born in Franklin County. Edward C. Babbitt served as deputy county recorder under J. W. Peters, and for the past six years has been active in the supervision of road construction in his section of the county. He married 120 - HISTORY OF OHIO Martha E. Taylor, daughter of Rev. Pike Taylor, a prominent old school Baptist minister. They had three children, Fred T., Edward B., of Alexandria, Ohio, and Mildred, who is a graduate of Ohio State University and is teaching domestic science in the schools of New Philadelphia, Ohio. Fred T. Babbitt was liberally educated, attend:. ing Ohio State University and Otterbein College. When seventeen he taught his first term of school, and for ten years he was a teacher in the New Albany School. Becoming an interested student of the subject of agriculture and country life, he was made one of the organizers of the Franklin County Farm Bureau and assisted in establishing a number of locals and in that cause spoke extensively throughout Franklin and other counties. On December 1, 1919, Mr. Babbitt was chosen superintendent of the Franklin County Home, and in this office has found abundant opportunity for constructive work and also satisfaction for his inclinations for farm management. On the home farm since he took the superintendency has been established a dairy of sixty pure bred Holstein cows, producing accredited milk not only for this institution but for the Franklin County Children's Home and the Tuberculosis Hospital. The farm contains a large acreage of some of Franklin County 's most fertile land. The buildings are commodious and the entire institution affords a pleasing prospect. It has accommodations for double the number, but the average number of inmates is about two hundred. There are some sturdy assistants required, constituting a large staff under Mr. Babbitt 's supervision. He married Miss Emma Noe, of New Albany. Their three children are Doris, Belva and Orin. Mr. Babbitt is a Mason, a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Knights of the Maccabees, and has been through all the grades of the service of the local, state and national Grange. EDGAR ERVIN. Though now a resident of Columbus, where he is attorney examiner of trusts of the State Banking Department, Mr. Ervin represents in the interests and activities of his earlier career the historic old County of Meigs, in Southeastern Ohio. He represented that county several times in the Legislature, and he still has a large influence in that section of the state. Mr. Ervin was born at Letart Falls, Meigs County, Ohio, August 17, 1874, son of Jonas and. Elizabeth (Pullins) Ervin. His father was of Scotch-Irish ancestry of the prominent family of this name in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. Elizabeth Pullins was a granddaughter of Daniel Sayre, a member of the Ohio Company, whose purchase of land in Washington, Athens, Meigs and adjoining counties was the preliminary to the planting of the first permanent colony on the north an of the Ohio River in what is now the State of Ohio. Edgar Ervin was educated in the Letart High School, in the 'King School of Oratory and in the Ohio University at. Athens, and studied law in the Law School of Ohio University at Columbus. Admitted to the bar in 1906, he began practice the same year at Pomeroy, county seat of Meigs County. Pomeroy was his home. until 1920, in which year he moved to Columbus to accept the position and responsibility of attorney examiner of trusts with the Ohio State Department of Banking. Before he was admitted to the bar Mr. Ervin was elected, in 1904, representative from his county in the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of Ohio. He served in the sessions of 1905 and two succeeding sessions, until and including that of 1910. In the Seventy-ninth General Assembly he was speaker pro tem and republican floor leader of the House. Mr. Ervin was also once republican candidate for Congress from the old Eleventh Ohio District. Mr. Ervin is a prominent member of the Meigs County Society in Columbus. Several addresses he has delivered before that body have aroused a great deal of interest as being rich in historic references and also containing much data on the great natural resources of this interesting and rich county, a section of Ohio as yet largely undeveloped. Mr. Ervin is a thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner. He married Miss Margretta Davi. Their six children are Elaine, Sarah, Jean, Thomas, Ruth and Clara. ROBERT H. SCHRYVER is a Columbus banker, and before his transfer to the capital city he laid the solid foundation of his career in his home county of Madison, at Mount Sterling, where he was president of a bank and interested in a number of commercial organizations. He was born at Mount Sterling, August 9, 1873, son of M. W. and Barbara H. (Campbell) Schryver. His father, who was born in Pickaway County, was one of the creative and constructive figures in the pioneer history of Mount Sterling. He was the founder of the first financial institution there, and also founder of the town 's first newspaper, the Mount Sterling Review, the publication of which he started in 1871. Robert H. Schryver was reared in Mount Sterling, educated in the common schools, and from early manhood busied himself with an increasing scope of responsibilities in the business life of that community. In March, 1905, he was elected president of the First National Bank of Mount Sterling. He was also in the real estate business, in the firm of Schryver and Neff, and was active in the Security Building and Loan Company and the Mount Sterling Improvement Company. While at Mount Sterling he was elected secretary of the Ohio Bankers Association. His increasing prominence and success as a banker brought him the invitation to remove to Columbus, where on August 1, 1919, he entered upon his duties as president of the Citizens Trust and Savings Bank. Mr. Schryver is not only a thoroughly trained banker, with the solid integrity of character behind all his business transactions, but has also cultivated an interesting variety of points of contact with men and the world about him. He is a motorist, enjoys fishing and hunting, has served as treasurer of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, as president of the Better Business Commission, and is now treasurer of the Columbus Athletic Club of Columbus. He is treasurer of the Ohio Knights of Pythias, is a member of the various Masonic bodies, and of the Elks Club and the Athletie Club, the Columbus Club and the Columbus Country Club. At Mount Sterling he carried a large part of the responsibility of making a success of the Liberty Loan campaign and other war causes, being chairman of the Madison County Draft Board. He is a republican, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1895 Mr. Schryver married Miss Lida Ethleen Henkle' and they are the parents of four children: Daniel Alfred, Mrs. Caroline Simpson, Martin Wesley, Jr., who was named for his grandfather, and Naomi. ROY ARTHUR MOULTON, manufacturer and jobber in candy, is one of the prosperous business men of Elyria, and is one of the prominent younger group of citizens of Lorain County. He was born at Vermilion, Ohio, March 24, 1888, HISTORY OF OHIO - 121 son of Arthur and Fannie A. (Champney) Moulton. His parents were also born at Vermilion. His grandfather, John Moulton, was born in Pennsylvania, and on the mother 's side he is a grandson of Lewis Winton and Mary J. (Webster) Champney, who came from Lynn, Massachusetts, to Vermilion, Ohio, in. 1858. L. W. Champney was a merchant. Arthur Moulton married when a young man, and he died when only twenty-three years of age. After his death Roy A. Moulton spent most of his youth with his grandparents Champney. The second husband of his mother was Christ Kropf, of Vermilion. Mr. Moulton attended the public schools of Virginia, and when he was fourteen years of age he came to Elyria, and lived with his uncle, Arthur R. Champney. While here he continued his education, graduating from the Elyria High School in 1907. Since finishing his education Mr. Moulton has spent much of his time as a commercial traveler. He was for four years representative on the road for the Liquid Force Company, and then became traveling representative for James Russell Company, wholesale candy. In 1916 he bought the candy business from the Russell Company, and under his management has found an extensive outlet for his manufactured product and is a jobber in all kinds of candy for the wholesale trade. On August 28, 1907, Mr. Moulton married Miss Belle Stevel, who was born at Elyria, June 16, 1888, daughter of James and Catherine (Seip) Stevel. Her parents are also natives of Lorain County. Mr. Moulton is a democrat in politics. For eighteen months he served as a special agent in the Census Bureau in the Federal Department of Commerce. He is affiliated with Lodge No. 365, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, has held the chairs in the Knights of Pythias Lodge, and is a member of the Lorain County Automobile Club. CLARENCE M. WERUM is a native of Ohio, one of the prominent younger lawyers of the state, and since leaving the army after his service in the World war has been in practice at Columbus, where his abilities have made him especially well known in corporation law. He was born at Stryker, Williams County, Ohio, in 1886, son of Charles A. and Caroline (Huffman) Werum. His people on both sides have been in Ohio since pioneer days. Mr. Werum attended the public schools of his home town, and took his literary and law courses in Ohio State University at Columbus. He graduated Bachelor of Arts in 1909 and Bachelor of Laws in 1912. Mr. Werum practiced for several years at Huntington, West Virginia, and enjoyed a fine reputation as a lawyer there. He gave up his practice in 1917, when he volunteered for the aviation branch of the army. He began his training in the School of Aeronautics of Ohio State University at Columbus, was then sent to the Ground School at Austin, Texas, and finally to the School of Fire at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, for training in light artillery. He graduated in that course, and was assigned to duty at Post Field Aviation at Fort Sill. That was his service when the war closed. Mr. Werum received his discharge early in 1919, and in the spring of the same year returned to Columbus, and chose this city as a permanent location. While in general practice, his professional connections have led him largely into corporation law and the organization of corporations. In that way he has become financially interested in and is an officer and in some cases the executive head of a number of prospering business enterprises. In 1919 Mr. Werum married Miss Florence Ralston, daughter of the late J. S. Ralston. Her father was the founder of the Ralston Steel Car Company, the greatest industry of Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. Werum have one son, Joseph Stephenson Werum. HENRY WALLACE INGERSOLL. Among Lorain County's representative citizens few are. better known or have more substantial claim to public interest than Henry Wallace Ingersoll, an able leader of the Elyria bar, who is identified officially and otherwise with many important city and county enterprises, and is the owner of the old Ingersoll homestead in Grafton Township, "Ancestral Acres," where he has one of the finest stock farms in the county. Mr. Ingersoll was born in Grafton Township, Lorain County, Ohio, January 14, 1863, a son of George M. and Mary (Preston) Ingersoll, a grandson of William and Catherine (Hawk) Ingersoll. The grandparents were born, reared and married in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, and when they set out from there in the spring of 1817 to seek a new home in the Western Reserve they had two children. The long journey was made by ox-team, but they finally reached their destination in safety, a virgin tract of land lying in Grafton Township, Lorain County, that had been purchased from the Connecticut Land Company. On this farm, now known as "Ancestral Acres," the older members of the Ingersoll family spent the rest of their lives, and George M. Ingersoll succeeded to the farm. He married, on July 17, 1861, Mary Preston, who was born in Grafton Township, and died March 9, 1871, the mother of three children: Henry Wallace; George W., who resides at Elyria; and Anna, who died at the age of fifteen years. In 1876 George M. Ingersoll moved into Elyria in order to give his children educational advantages, but continued to manage his farm for twenty years afterward. His death occurred on November 6, 1905. He was a man of sterling character and was widely known. Henry Wallace Ingersoll received early educational training in a school maintained on the home farm, later attended the public schools at Elyria and was graduated from the high school in 1883, and two years later was graduated from the law school of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in December, 1885. On January 1, 1886, he began the practice of law at Elyria in association with Lester McLean. Early. in 1891 this partnership was dissolved. Mr. Ingersoll's offices are in The Elyria Savings & Trust Company Building. Mr. Ingersoll organized The Elyria Savings & Trust Company and has been its attorney since its organization in 1901, and he is attorney also for many other large corporations and important business concerns. He is an official of The Colson Company, a member of its Board of Directors and its attorney; is secretary, attorney and chairman of the Board of Directors of The Elyria Enameled Products Company; a director in The Fay Stocking Company; president of The Cadillac Veneer Company of Cadillac, Michigan; and a director in The Lorain County Savings & Loan Company. Having made a specialty of corporation law, Mr. Ingersoll probably represents more corporations in more states in a legal capacity than any other lawyer in this section of Ohio. Mr. Ingersoll married, on October 24, 1888, Miss May Hamilton, who was born at Berea, Ohio, a daughter of Leonard G. and Cassandra (Marsh) Hamilton. Her father was born at Hamilton Corners, in Medina County, Ohio, and her mother, at Cleveland. Her maternal grandfather was a lake captain and also commanded sea-going vessels. 122 - HISTORY OF OHIO Mr. and Mrs. Ingersoll have had three children: Mary C., who is high school librarian; Henry H., who died when one year old; and Henry Walter, who is a senior in the Ohio State University. Mr. Ingersoll and his family are members of the Congregational Church, and he was clerk and a trustee for many years. He is one of the trustees and senior member in point of length of service of the Elyria Library, and is secretary and treasurer of the board. During his many years of professional and semipublic life, Mr. Ingersoll has maintained a deep interest in his farm properties and their management and improvement. After his father's death he acquired the ownership of the old home farm of 132 acres and added forty acres more to that tract, and he owns another farm in that vicinity containing 184 acres, and personally supervises the management of both, devoting one farm largely to raising thoroughbred Holstein Friesian cattle and the other farm to Jersey cattle. His entire farm equipment is modern in every particular, and Delco light plants supply light and power. Mr. Ingersoll was president of the Ohio State Dairy Association, and was the organizer of The Ohio Farmers' Cooperative Milk Company of Cleveland, serving as its president for several years. In political life Mr. Ingersoll is a staunch republican and something of a leader in party councils in Lorain County, but seeks no political recognition for himself. He is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner and belongs also to the Modern Woodmen of America, and additionally is identified with a number of more or less social organizations, being a member of the Masonic Club, the Lakewood Country Club, the Lorain County Auto Club, the Tippecanoe Club of Cleveland and also to the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. EDWARD A. FOX has given his best energies for many years to general contracting and building in Lorain County. He is well established in that business, with headquarters at Elyria. He was born at Hannibal, in Monroe County, Ohio, November 16, 1885, son of Levi and Louise (Neiman) Fox, also natives of Monroe County. His father was a farmer, and the mother lives on the farm where she was born. Edward A. Fox acquired a district school education, and at the age of fifteen left home and has since made his own way in the world. Coming to Lorain County, he spent two seasons working on a farm, and learned the carpenter's trade. He followed this as a journeyman at Oberlin and Elyria for eleven years, and then engaged in general contracting in Elyria and bought a fine lot at 1344 Lake Avenue, where he built his home and where he has his headquarters as a general contractor and builder. Mr. Fox married, March 12, 1912, Mary (Pallis) Moelk, a native of Sandusky, Ohio, and daughter of Albert F. and Albertina (Herman) Pallis. Her parents were born in Germany. By her first marriage, to Andrew Moelk, she has two children, Arthur and Lona. Mr. and Mrs. Fox have three children, Louise Emma and twin sons, William and Wilson. The family are members of St. Paul's Evangelical Church. In polities Mr. Fox cast an independent ballot, and has served as noble grand of Elyria Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. HON. CLARENCE G. WASHBURN. In Lorain County, Ohio, as in other sections, there are many able and learned members of the bar who have been called from an active and remunerative private practice to assume the duties and responsibilities of the judiciary. Their high scholarship, their ever ready legal knowledge, their broadmindedness and irreproachable personal character, have so eminently fitted them for the bench that inevitably they have reached judicial honors and in their hands have been safely placed vast interests for their consideration and decision. The public reposes confidence in the judges of their high courts, and in the United States it has seldom been misplaced. Elyria is the home of one of Ohio's distinguished jurists, Hon. Clarence G. Washburn, judge of the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Judicial District of Ohio, of which he is chief justice. Judge Washburn was born on his father's farm in Greenwich Township, Huron County, Ohio, on February 19, 1867, and is of old Empire State ancestry. His parents were Henry C. and Charlotte (Griffin) Washburn, natives of New York, who accompanied their parents to Huron County, Ohio, when young, where they grew to maturity and married and spent the rest of their lives. The mother of Judge Washburn died in 1885, the father in 1891. Judge Washburn had such educational advantages as the district schools afforded in his youth, and he grew up on the home farm, doing his duty by his father, but at the same time cherishing an ambition to prepare for the law. Later an opportunity came for him to do so, and finally he entered the Law School of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, from which he was graduated in 1892, and in the same year was admitted to the Ohio bar and ultimately was admitted to practice in the United States District Court. In 1892 the young lawyer entered into practice at Lorain, Ohio, where he was soon elected city solicitor, and served two years in that office. In the fall of 1896 he was elected clerk of the courts of Lorain County, and served for the following six years, and then came to Elyria and began the private practice of law and continued with marked success until he was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas, to which position he was elected in November, 1904, and through subsequent reelection, served until February 9, 1913. He then returned once more to private practice at Elyria, and so continued until he was elected judge of the Court of Appeals of the Eighth Judicial District of Ohio, which then included Cuyahoga County. Subsequently the Ninth Judicial District was created, which is composed of the counties of Lorain, Medina, Summit and Wayne, and in November, 1922, Judge Washburn was elected judge and chief justice of the Court of Appeals of the Ninth Judicial District of Ohio. Judge Washburn married, on July 25, 1894, Miss Maude Marsh, who was born in Huron County, Ohio, a daughter of Enos and Anna P. (Paine) Marsh, of Huron County. Judge and Mrs. Washburn have four children: Charlotte Edwards, a lady of fine educational attainments, who has unselfishly devoted herself to work with the Red Cross in hospitals tor soldiers; Ann Paine, a graduate of Mount Holyoke College, who is attached to the Massachusetts General Hospital at Boston; Warner Marsh, who is a student at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire; and Elizabeth, who is attending the. high school at Elyria. Judge Washburn and his family are members of the First Congregational Church at Elyria. He is a life member of the public library board and also is on the official board of the Elyria Memorial Hospital, and has served in many other public capacities. Judge Washburn belongs to the Masonic fraternity and also to the Knights of Pythias. MRS. JENNIE B. COBURN. One of the most interesting of Ohio women is Mrs. Jennie B. Coburn, of HISTORY OF OHIO - 123 Amherst, present postmaster of that little City of Lorain County, and she has had a wide variety of business experiences, proving her a woman of spirit and independence and possessed of an ability to get along in the world under adverse conditions, Her maiden name was Jennie B. Newhall. She was born at Kansas City, Kansas, March 1, 1885, daughter of David Patent and Mary Elizabeth (Fredericks) Newhall. Her father was a native of New Bedford, Massachusetts. Her mother 's parents lived at Fredericksburg, Ohio, but her mother was born while her parents were visiting in England. David P. Newhall and wife were married in Kansas City, Missouri. He was a brick mason contractor. He moved his family to Denver, Colorado, and here he died in 1891. His widow soon afterward returned to Kansas City, Missouri, and later to St. Louis, Missouri, remaining there until the fall of 1906. She now lives with her daughter in Amherst, Ohio. Mrs. Coburn was educated in public and private schools at St. Louis, Missouri. On September 14, 1901, she married Joseph J. Shine, a native of Kirkwood, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis. By this marriage there was one daughter, Mary Hume Shine, born September 25, 1902, and who died May 4, 1918. On April 28, 1909, Mrs. Shine was married to William Burton Coburn, of Amherst, Ohio. Mr. Coburn was born in Lorain, March 18, 1873, son of Abram and Sarah M. (Williams) Coburn, natives of Amherst, Ohio. When he was eight days old his mother died, and the following day he was taken to live at Amherst with his mother 's parents. He was reared and educated there, and as a young man he became a teamster, and a teaming contractor for the county commissioners. He built the first mile of improved road in Amherst Township. He also served two terms altogether as street commissioner of Amherst, and for nine years was deputy sheriff and two years night marshal at Amherst. He has been prominent in the republican party, and for eight years was a member of the Lorain County Executive Committee. From 1899 Mr. Coburn was engaged in the livery business at Amherst, and he furnished the horses and carriages for the undertaking firm of O. H. Baker & Company, and during a period of nearly a quarter of a century handled over 2,000 funerals. Mrs. Coburn after her marriage took out a license to drive a taxi cab, and was the first Ohio woman to be granted that privilege. She operated a taxi line from Amherst to South Amherst, and made that a profitable enterprise, continuing it until September 12, 1922. At that date she was appointed postmaster of Amherst, and Mr. Coburn is clerk in the postoffice. She has served two years as a member of the Lorain County Executive Committee. Mr. and Mrs. Coburn have one son, David Burton Coburn, born July 28, 1914. Mrs. Coburn is an active Methodist, and served four years as president of the Ladies' Aid Society. She is a member of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, the Parent-Teachers Association, the Security Benefit Association. Mr. Coburn is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen of the World. REUBEN BENJAMIN BAUS, superintendent of the Lorain County Home, has had many years of training in the practical side of farming and other business affairs, and has proved a most capable administrator of the institution caring for the poor and afflicted in his native county. Mr. Baus was born in Amherst Township of Lorain County, July 17, 1880, son of George and Eliza (Spiegelberg) Baus, his father a native of Germany and his mother of Lorain County. George Baus came to the United States when about sixteen or seventeen years of age, and in Lorain County began his career as a farm worker, and subsequently became a teamster in Cloughs stone quarry. He owned the best pulling team that ever stepped into that quarry. For many years that was his regular work throughout the summer season, and in the winter he did other kinds of teaming. His later years were spent on the fine farm he owned in Amherst Township, where he died in August, 1918, and his wife died in September, 1916. Reuben Benjamin Baus grew up at the old homestead farm, and was educated in district schools. When he was twenty years of age he went to work on a farm at monthly wages, and two years later he first became identified with the county farm, where he was employed six years and two weeks. On February 26, 1908, Mr. Baus married Miss Gertrude Johnson, who was born at Brighton, Ohio, September 13, 1884, and was educated in the grammar and high schools at Rochester, Ohio. She is a daughter of Charles and Margaret (Petty) Johnson, her father a native of Brighton, and her mother of Rochester, in Lorain County. Her paternal grandparents were John and Betsey (Snyder) Johnson, natives of Pennsylvania and early settlers of Brighton. Her maternal grandparents were Alvin and Jane (Anderson) Petty, natives of Ireland and early settlers at Rochester in Lorain County. Mr. and Mrs. Baus have an adopted daughter, Janette Ruth. After his marriage Mr. Baus moved to Elyria, where for three years he was associated with Frank Hicks in the plumbing business. He then bought out Mr. Hicks, and sold half interest in the business to C. W. Bares. Two years later he sold all his interest in the plumbing business, and, moving to Akron, was employed for about two years in the Goodrich Rubber Company's plant. He then returned to Elyria, and for two years was with the Perry-Fay Company, and then bought from his father a forty-five acre farm in Amherst and Elyria townships. He continued farming on his own account until November 12, 1917, when he was given a temporary appointment as superintendent of the Lorain County Infirmary, now known as the Lorain County Home. On January 16, 1918, he was appointed superintendent for the regular term, and still retains that office, having handled the affairs of the institution with splendid efficiency. Mr. and Mrs. Bans are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and she does much work with the church authorities. In politics he is a republican, and is affiliated with Chevalier Lodge No. 316, Knights of Pythias, Lodge No. 465 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of Elyria, and Mrs. Baus is a member of the Eastern Star and the Pythian Sisters. He belongs to the Patrons of Husbandry or the Grange, the Lorain County Automobile Club, and is interested in all matters concerning the welfare of his home county. A state inspector of Ohio recently visited the Lorain County Home and declared it one of the best in Ohio. In the fall of 1923 the state inspector of county institutions pronounced it the best kept and managed institution in the state. MERLIN BRENNEMAN is the present superintendent of budget, Department of Finance, State of Ohio. His active experience in the fiscal side of the state government covers a period of over ten years. His duties as superintendent of the budget comprise the preparation of the biennial budget, covering all expenditures of the state as authorized every two years by the General Assembly. His individual character and special experience give him exceptional qualifications for this responsible post. 124 - HISTORY OF OHIO Mr. Brenneman was born in American Township, Allen County, Ohio, in 1879, and he still retains his legal residence in Allen County, at Lima. He is a son of Noah E. and Elizabeth (Humphreys) Brenneman, both natives of Ohio, and Allen County farmers. Merlin Brenneman was reared on his father 's farm, attended public school at Elida, and is a graduate of the high school of that city. He also finished a business college course, and acquired his early business experience at Lima. In 1913 he came to Columbus as secretary to Vie Donahey, who in the general election of 1912 had been elected auditor of the state. Mr. Brenneman served as secretary throughout the two terms of State Auditor Donahey, a period of eight years. He then continued in the service of the auditor 's department under the present state auditor, Joseph T. Tracy, until February, 1923. With all this detailed knowledge of the state's financial system he was called to his present position by Governor Donahey. Mr. Brenneman is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He married Miss Boka K. Rumbaugh of Allen County. They have two children, Howard and Elizabeth. JAMES ELLSWORTH JACKSON, a native son of Lorain County, honored this county by his worthy character and worthy achievement, and here he continued to reside until his death, which occurred February 22, 1906. Mr. Jackson was born in the Butternut Ridge community of Eaton Township, Lorain County, on the 1st of October, 1865, he having been the youngest of the seven children born to Barnabas and Martha (Farnum) Jackson. Barnabas Jackson was born at Munson, Maine, and his wife was born at Augerburg, Portage County, Ohio, her parents having been early settlers in that county and having come to Ohio from Connecticut. The parents of Barnabas Jackson likewise came to Ohio, but they later became pioneer settlers in Iowa, where both died in an epidemic of smallpox. After his marriage Barnabas Jackson settled at Grafton, Lorain County, where his first two children were born, and after the family removal to Eaton Township five more children were born on the home farm. Barnabas Jackson was a successful farmer and also a contractor, and both he and his wife continued to reside in Eaton Township until their death. James E. Jackson profited by the advantages of the district schools, and later attended Oberlin College, and also a normal school in the City of Cincinnati, after which he was graduated from what is now the Northwest Ohio Normal University, at Ada. He taught school two years and then engaged in general farming on the old homestead place where he was born, he having acquired this property by purchasing the interests of the other heirs. There he continued his activities as one of the vigorous and progressive exponents of farm industry in his native county for a period of sixteen years. He then removed to Elyria and instituted the erection of a modern ten-family apartment building, at the corner of East Avenue and Fifth Street. He met with an accident about the time this building was completed, and the injury resulted in his death February 22, 1906. The building, known as Jackson Terrace, is owned by his widow, who there resides and who has the general supervision of the family estate. Mr. Jackson was aligned in the ranks of the republican party, and while never ambitious for public office he marked his civic loyalty by effective service as township trustee of Eaton Township. He erected and owned several buildings in the City of Elyria, and was distinctly loyal and liberal as a citizen. He was affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, and was a member of the Elyria Methodist Episcopal Church, as is also his widow. On the 6th of April, 1889, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Jackson and Miss Sarah E. Aubrey, who was born in the City of Birmingham, England, a daughter of John and Clara (Allen) Aubrey, the family having come to the United States and established a home in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1871. There Mr. Aubrey followed the trade of carpenter, and in 1888 he removed to the vicinity of Copemish, Michigan, where he became a prosperous farmer and where his death occurred in 1920, his wife having passed away in 1918. Mrs. Jackson was a young girl at the time of the family's coming to Cleveland, and in that city she continued her studies in the public schools until she had duly profited by the advantages of the high school. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Jackson has had the experience of passing about five years in the home of her only son on his fine farm estate of 320 acres in the province of Alberta, Canada. This son, Ellsworth Aubrey, is the elder of the two children. He married Miss Mary Ruth Strong, and their two children are Berthena Alice and Helen Ruth. The younger of the two children of the subject of this memoir is Hazel Maude, who is the wife of Floyd B. Johnson, of Cleveland; their one child is a son, Floyd Richard. ORRY STORES NICHOLS was one of the venerable pioneer citizens and business men of the City of Elyria, Lorain County, Ohio, at the time of his death, in March, 1916, and here his widow still remains in the old homestead which became their place of residence in 1880, at 641 Broad Street. Mr. Nichols was born at Virgil, Cortland County, New York, on the 1st of August, 1829, and thus was nearly eighty-seven years of age at the time of his death, in 1916. He was a son of Asahel B. and Harriet (Smith) Nichols, who likewise were born in the old Empire State and who became pioneer settlers at Elyria, Lorain County, Ohio, where the father followed his trade of stonemason, and in the early days was associated with Heman Ely, one of the leading contractors of the county in the early days. The subject of this memoir left the parental home when a lad of but nine years and found employment on one of the old-time vessels plying Lake Erie, while later he became an ocean sailor. In 1849, while residing at Elyria, Ohio, he set forth as a member of a company which made the overland journey to the newly discovered gold fields in California, and there he continued his association with mining enterprise until shortly before his marriage, which occurred in 1862, at Jackson, Michigan. After his marriage Mr. Nichols became proprietor of the City Meat Market at Elyria, and this he conducted many years, within which he made it the leading market of the place. He eventually erected the fine four-story brick building on Broad Street, a one-half interest in which is owned by his widow. Though he received in his youth but limited educational advantages, Mr. Nichols became a man of broad and accurate knowledge, strong mentality and mature judgment. He was known for his integrity and honor in all of the relations of life, and ever commanded unqualified popular esteem in the community that so long represented his home. He was a stalwart republican, and was long affiliated with the Masonic fraternity. He gave many years of effective service as a member of the City Council of Elyria. In the year 1862 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Nichols and Miss Adelia Rockwood, who was born at Carlisle, Lorain County, Ohio, August 11,