200 - HISTORY OF OHIO he was newspaper carrier for the Ohio State Journal. He was performing that work when the memorial services for President Lincoln were held. The body of the modest President lay in state at the State Capitol. During 1868-69 Mr. Bliss was a messenger boy in the State Legislature. Beginning in 1870, when he was sixteen years of age, he was for twenty-one years in the railroad business. He started as an employe in the Columbus office of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, subsequently was ticket agent in the Union Depot, and finally eastern passenger agent at Columbus, for the Indiana, Bloomington & Western, now a part of the Big Four System. Mr. Bliss in 1891 retired from railroading. In 1892 he became a member of the Board of Public Works of Columbus and later director of public improvements, and gave an active service covering four years in the public works department. Prior to resigning his connection with railroad work Mr. Bliss had engaged in the baking business. To house his baking establishment he built the structure at 608 South High Street, on the site of the old McGown cabin referred to above. He continued the baking business for several years. The building at 608 South High Street is now used for the Bliss Tire and Auto Equipment Company, of which Mr. Bliss is president. This has been a prosperous and growing business since 1919. About thirty years ago Mr. Bliss became one of the organizers and secretary of the corporation, including a number of prominent local capitalists, which built the Great Southern Hotel, now the Southern Hotel. This hotel, completed in 1896, was at the time the largest and costliest hotel in the city. Mr. Bliss has also been interested in street railway building and operation in Columbus. It was due to his individual enterprise that the Livingston Avenue line was built and the High Street line extended south to the city limits. Mr. Bliss is still associated with the city's street railway system as assistant to President Charles L. Kurtz of the Columbus Railway, Power & Light Company. Mr. Bliss is the oldest member of the South Side Civic Association, which was organized in 1891. Mr. Bliss was the first president. Under its auspices most of the great material developments on the south side of the city has been carried out. Those who are familiar with this phase of Columbus' history credit Mr. Bliss for a large part of the responsibility for the good work accomplished through the South Side Civic Association. Some of the development work sketched in the preceding paragraph was part of the broad and liberal program supported by the South Side Civic Association. When this association was organized nearly all the land south of Hanford Street and west of Parsons Avenue was used for gardening or farming purposes. Under the leadership of the association the old toll roads leading into Columbus through this section were made public, street railway and steam railway lines were built, the establishment of factories encouraged, water supply secured, and streets, parks, schools and churches were brought in as part of the program until this has become a section of the city that represents a large part of its industrial and commercial and civic wealth and resources. Mr. Bliss is a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Columbus. This church is the logical successor of the old Zion Methodist Episcopal Church, the pioneer church of the Methodists in Columbus. An interesting fact in this connection, one that will be appreciated by many Columbus citizens, is that three generations of the Bliss family, Mr. Bliss' mother, himself and his daughter, Miss Irene, were all Sunday School scholars of "Aunty" Sarah Towler. Mr. Bliss is a member of Goodale Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and is a member of Mount Vernon Commandery, Knights Templar. He married Miss Adelia Jane Rodgers, a native of Columbus. Of the seven children born to Mr. and Mrs. Bliss, those surviving are : Irene, now Mrs. A. F. Miller ; Bertha, now Mrs. William 0. Brashear ; Hattie, now Mrs. Bruce E. Lindsay; Miss Debora; and one son, Fred H. Bliss. ROBERT CLIFFORD PAUL, M. D. While he was a successful teacher in the early years of his life, Doctor Paul for many years has rendered his chief service as a physician and surgeon, and particularly as an eye specialist. He is in practice at Wooster, and is one of the popular citizens of that college town. He was born on a farm in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, May 15, 1861, son of John M. and Harriet (Horn) Paul. His grandfather Paul, a native of Pennsylvania and of Welsh ancestry, was a miller by occupation. John M. Paul was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and followed the vocation of miller and farmer. He married in Ohio, his wife having been born in Maryland, but was reared in this state. In 1879 John M. Paul settled in Wayne County, Ohio, and he and his wife both died at Millbrook, this state. He was an abolitionist before the Civil war, always voted as a republican, and he and his wife were active members of the Methodist Church. They had four sons and one daughter : Morgan, who was killed in a railroad accident ; John V., a retired miller at Big Prairie, Ohio; William A., who since 1890 has been clerk in the Federal Pension Bureau at Washington, D. C.; Robert C.; and Annie, wife of William H. Wright, of Kenmore, Ohio. Robert Clifford Paul after the early years of home life had to depend upon his own exertions and initiative to achieve the object of his ambition for a professional career. He attended common and select schools, and altogether he put in ten years as a teacher, using his earnings from this vocation to put him through medical college. He studied medicine at Wooster University, a medical school that is now the medical department of Western Reserve University. He was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1892, and for over thirty years has been engaged in practice. For the first twenty-one months he was located at Fostoria, Ohio, and for twenty years, from 1894 to October, 1914, was in practice at Shreve, Ohio. For the past ten years his home has been at Wooster, where he has confined most of his attention to diseases of the eye as an oculist. He is secretary of the Wayne County Medical Society and a member of the Ohio State and American Medical Associations. Doctor Paul's chief hobby has been music, and he is a musician of wide experience and thorough grounding, and for twenty years has been director of choirs. He is a member of the Church of Christ, is a republican, is affiliated with the Masonic Order, the Knights of Pythias, the Moose, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Royal Neighbors of America and the Kiwanis Club. During the World war he acted as surgeon on the local draft board for Wayne County, and since 1916 has been a member of the board of examining surgeons of Wayne County for the Government pension division. Doctor Paul married, December 25, 1890, Miss Lila C. Moore, of Canton, Ohio. W. S. EARSEMAN is a Stark County attorney with a record of active work in his profession and leadership in local affairs at Louisville covering a period of thirty years. HISTORY OF OHIO - 201 He was born near Wellsville, in Columbiana County, Ohio, October 21, 1861, and spent his early years on a farm. He attended public school at Lisbon, was also a student in Mount Union College, and at the age of seventeen began teaching as a means of putting himself through college. For four years he taught school, the last year in Mount Union. In 1889 he took up the study of law in the Canton law offices of Howsel & Webber, and in 1892 successfully qualified for practice and was admitted to the bar. Since that year he has conducted a general law practice at Louisville. He served fifteen years as city solicitor. He is a member of the Stark County Bar Association, is a Mason, a republican and a member of the Reformed Church. Mr. Earseman married Miss Alice Lease. They have three children: Ruth, wife of Joseph Scott, a member of the faculty of Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore, Maryland ; Helen, wife of Harvey J. Shoemaker, who is an attorney and partner in practice with Mr. Earseman; and Miss Josephine, a school teacher. JAMES E. GATES. Former postmaster of the City of Ashland, judicial center of the Ohio County of that name, Mr. Gates had the satisfaction of being the chief executive in one of the best post office buildings to be found in any Ohio city of the same relative population as Ashland. This building, completed and occupied in 1918, was erected at a cost of $100,000, the Government appropriation for the construction having been gained primarily through the influence of Hon. William G. Sharp, congressman from this district. The corps of emyloyes in service in connection with the Ashland post office numbers thirty-seven, of whom three have custodian assignments, and nine are carriers on rural mail routes from this office, these being among the oldest established rural routes in Ohio. Mr. Gates, under recess appointment, assumed the office of postmaster in the year 1915, and February 24, 1919, he was continued in office through reappointment. His administration was well ordered, and brought the local service up to high standard and gained unequivocal popular approval in the community. James E. Gates was born at Ashland, December 2, 1879, and is a son of William H. and Anna (Baird) Gates. His paternal grandfather, Isaac Gates, was one of the early settlers in Mifflin Township, Ashland County, became a successful farmer and auctioneer and served during two different periods as sheriff of the county, a man here hanged for murder, in the second term of Sheriff Gates, having been the last man to be thus officially executed in Ohio, where capital punishment has been abolished. William H. Gates was born on the old home place in Mifflin Township, and as a young man he served as deputy sheriff and deputy in other county offices. Thereafter he and B. F. Nelson became publishers of the Ashland Press, a democratic paper, and after selling his interest in this business Mr. Gates was for several years a resident of St. Louis, Missouri. On his return to Ashland he again purchased an interest in the Ashland Press, with William T. Alberson, of which he later became the sole owner and of which he continued editor and publisher until his death, November 6, 1915, at the age of sixty-nine years. Thereafter his son James E., of this sketch, continued as publisher of the Press until February 1, 1919, when he sold the plant and business to the Ashland Printing Company, which consolidated the Ashland Press with the Ashland Times-Gazette. William H. Gates was appointed postmaster of Ashland April 6, 1914, and in September of the following year his impaired health caused him to resign the office, his son James E. having been appointed to serve out the unexpired term. Mrs. Gates still survives her husband and continues to maintain her home at Ashland. She was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. After his graduation from the Ashland High School, as a member of the class of 1899, James E. Gates was employed five years in the First National Bank in his native city. He then became associated with his father in the publishing of the Ashland Press, of which he became the manager, and in addition to this he soon assumed, like his father, a prominent part in connection with the local councils and campaign service of the democratic party, of the principles of which he continues a stalwart advocate. He is a deacon in the First Presbyterian Church of Ashland, of which his mother is a devoted member, she having been reared in the Presbyterian faith and her husband in that of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Gates wedded Miss Elizabeth Donley, daughter of T. C. Donley, of Orange Township, Ashland County, and two children have been born of this union, Richard Donley Gates and Anna Louise Gates. ELBERT JULIAN BURRELL. Many sections of the Western Reserve can look back to their earliest settlers as sturdy, industrious, law-abiding people from New England or New York, many of them being of Colonial ancestry and of Revolutionary stock. The majority sought homes here prepared to follow the peaceful pursuits of agriculture, and in their wake inevitably came civilization, development, education and culture. Some of their family names have become more distinguished than others, in a changing world, but all have a place in history when Ohio people with pride and interest turn the pages. One of the highly esteemed residents of Elyria is Mrs. Mahala Burrell, who is the widow of the late Elbert Julian Burrell, widely known as a construction engineer, both of whom came from fine old pioneer families of Ohio. Elbert Julian Burrell was born near Ridgeville, Ohio, in May, 1845. His parents were George and Marinett (Barnes) Burrell, who came very early to that section and for many years afterward his father was a merchant and operated a sawmill at Ridgeville. The youth had the ordinary educational privileges of the time, but he possessed what amounted to almost mechanical genius, and this was developed as he worked in his father 's sawmill and afterward along the line of engineering and contracting. In 1869 he secured the contract for the building of chemical plants in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and on one occasion, while on a tour of inspection, in company with two others, met with an accident from which he never fully recovered, although he remained active in business for many years afterward. An explosion of a boiler occurred that brought about the instantaneous death of his two companions, but providentially he escaped, but with distressing injuries. In 1884 Mr. Burrell moved to Tennessee, where he had charge of the erection of large chemical plants during the next four years, returning then to Newberry, Michigan, where he again had charge of chemical works. His death occurred in 1905, at Manistique, Michigan, but his remains were brought to Elyria and rest in beautiful Ridge Lawn Cemetery. Mr. Burrell was married in June, 1868, to Mrs. Mahala (Graves) Sharp, widow of George S. Sharp, a prominent man in his day. He was a native of Maryland, came from there to Delaware, Ohio, and later to Mount Gilead, where he owned and edited a newspaper until his death in 1867. In 1857 he was married to Miss Mahala Graves and they had two sons, both of whom became nationally prominent: William Graves, who died in November, 1921, had formerly been United States Minister to France; 202 - HISTORY OF OHIO George W., who died in December, 1919, was an author and manufacturer, and had served in the upper house of the Michigan State Legislature. Mrs. Burrell was born at Mount Gilead, Ohio, in July, 1841, a daughter of William and Effie (Daily) (Shafer) Graves, the former of whom was born in St. Lawrence County, New York, and the latter at Ridgeville, Ohio. Her grandparents were James and Mahala Graves, of St. Lawrence County, New York, and John and Orpha (Terrill) Shafer, of Connecticut. All were well known people in Ohio and worthy in every relation of life. Mr. and Mrs. Burrell had one son, Orpheus Graves, who was born in 1869 and died in 1872. Mr. Burrell belonged to the Masonic fraternity. Mrs. Burrell was reared in the Universalist faith, but has long been an attendant of the Congregational Church. She has a wide circle of friends at Elyria, and her hospitable home is a handsome residence on Harrison Street. LYMAN R. CRITCHFIELD began his career as an attorney in the decade before the Civil war. He continued it with brilliant success and achievement for more than half a century. Throe communities came to know his prowess as an attorney, Holmes County, Cleveland, and the City of Wooster. For many years he was one of the outstanding thinkers and orators of the democratic party in Ohio. He was born at Danville, Knox County, Ohio, May 22, 1831, and died at Millersburg, in Holmes County, November 28, 1917, at the age of eighty-six years, six months and six days. His parents were Reuben Troutman. and Nancy Caroline (Hardesty) Critchfield, the Critchfields being of Welsh and the Hardestys of Scotch-Irish lineage. The Critchfields moved from Virginia to Washington County, Pennsylvania, where Reuben T. Critchfield was born. His wife was a native of Kentucky, and was a child when her parents moved to Ohio. When Lyman R. Critchfield was two years of age his parents moved to Millersburg, and that was his home during the greater part of his life. He was reared there, attended public schools, and then entered Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, where he was graduated with honors and as valedictorian of his class in June, 1852. He won two degrees, Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. Studying law at Columbus in the office of George E. Pugh, then attorney-general of the State of Ohio and later United States senator, he was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court in 1853, and at once opened an office at Millersburg, where he rapidly rose to prominence in his profession. -In 1859 he was elected prosecuting attorney of Holmes County, was reelected in 1861, but resigned in 1862, when elected attorney-general of the State of Ohio. He held this important office during the latter part of the Civil war, a period that threw upon his office great responsibilities. He served from 1863 to 1865. He was nominated for the second time, but was defeated with the rest of the democratic state ticket in 1864. In 1865 he was elected a member of the Ohio State Senate, serving with ability one term and resigning. He became the democratic candidate for Congress in 1868, and in 1887 and again in 1888 was nominated by the party for the Supreme Bench and made a splendid showing in the popular vote, his individual qualifications for the office being unquestioned. Mr. Critchfield practiced law six years at Cleveland, and in 1888 located at Wooster in Wayne County, where he was an active member of the bar until a few years before his death, when he retired to Millersburg. A tribute paid by him in Ben Douglass' "Wayne County Lawyers," is quoted in part as follows: "As one of the leaders of the democratic party and fore most thinkers in that organization, he fought congressional battles, handicapped from the outset with disaster-boding majorities, which, however, never abated his ardor and enthusiasm in the conflict. Whether in county, judicial, congressional, state or national campaigns, he was ever ready with his services for his party organization. Wherever he went he was greeted with enthusiastic audiences as an attractive, aggressive, fluent, looical and masterful champion of the principles of his party. To the active practice of the law, when he entered upon its complex duties and responsibilities, he brought the qualifications and forces of a drilled, disciplined and brilliant intellect. He did not enter the list unarmed, or ill equipped, to be battered, bruised and mangled in an unequal contest with the grim old 'veterans of the Wooster and Northern Ohio bar. His force and effectiveness were strongly emphasized in his arguments to the jury, as he seemed not so much to look at them, as to look through them, less for the purpose of seeing how they felt, than to rivet their attention—as it were, to grasp their minds by the compass of his own. The calm and masterly manlier in which he disposed of the preliminary considerations was the reminder of the experienced general, quietly arranging his forces and preparing to press clown in overwhelming force upon a single point. His manner became aroused; his action animated. In the careful construction of sentences, nice, choice words, musical balancing of phrases and marshalling of arguments, he had no superior, if indeed an equal in Ohio." He was thoroughly well educated in the law, and his habit of constant study brought him a wide range of knowledge of science, politics and general literature. He was a polished orator, and in his personal relations sympathetic and considerate of others. He was a member of the Masonic Order and for many years belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Church. On October 2, 1854, lie married Adelaide Margaret Shaffer. She was born and reared at Wooster, eldest daughter of Dr. Moses Shaffer, a pioneer physician of that city. She was educated in Mrs. Pope's Academy, a fine girls' high school, in which nearly all the young ladies of Wooster at that time were trained. She also attended the Woman's Academy at Granville, now Denison College. Mrs. Critchfield possessed a strong force of character, was beloved by all who knew her, and for many years was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. She was married over forty years before her companionship was broken by her death in 1895. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Lyman R. Critchfield were: Edith, deceased; Grace; Henry, who became. a physician and is now deceased; Mary; Blanche, deceased; Lyman R., and Nellie, deceased. HON. LYMAN R. CRITCHFIELD, the second of the name, son of the late Lyman R. Critchfield, whose distinguished career as a lawyer and democratic leader in Ohio has been sketched elsewhere, has likewise for over thirty years been a prominent member of the bar, and is a former judge of the Court of Common Pleas. Judge Critchfield, of Wooster, was born at Millersburg, in Holmes County, Ohio, April 17, 1868. He A, attended public schools, became a student in his father 's alma mater, Ohio Wesleyan University, and completed his law studies under the direction of his father. He was admitted to the bar in 1891, and throughout his professional career has lived at Wooster. Judge Critchfield is a veteran of the Spanish-American war of 1898. His career as an attorney has been interspersed by a number of official responsibilities. Like his father, he has been a lifelong democrat. He was elected in HISTORY OF OHIO - 203 1898 and served two terms as city solicitor of Wooster, was elected for two terms in 1908 as prosecuting attorney for Wayne County, and in 1914 was chosen judge of the Common Pleas Court. He was on the bench six years, and since 1921 has resumed private practice. His hobby since early manhood has been fine horses, and that enthusiasm and diversion have continued unabated by the automobile age. He owns two horses with record on the track, Pirella Hopeful', with a mark of 2:131/4, and Peter Wooster, whose record is 2:201/4. Judge Critchfield is a member of the Methodist Church. He married in 1898 Miss Rose Brown, daughter of Allen Brown, of Saltcreek Township, Wayne County, Ohio. They are the parents of three children: Lyman R., a student in Western Reserve University; Henry Brown, attending Wooster College ; and Dorothy Adelaide, who is a student in the Wooster High School. JOHN W. MCCAFFERTY. The career of John W. McCafferty in the real estate business at Columbus has been one of monumental and impressive enterprise. His activities have employed an enormous amount of capital, and these resources have always been at his command. He is individually one of the largest property owners in the downtown district of Columbus, and his firm has taken the responsible lead in some of the most noteworthy construction developments in the city. Mr. McCafferty was born at Mount Sterling, Ohio, January 7, 1871, son of Thomas and Mary J. (Wimmer) McCafferty. In the paternal line he is of Scotch-Irish descent. His great-grandfather came from Kentucky, first settling at Chillicothe, and subsequently the family located at Mount Sterling in Madison County. Thomas McCafferty was a soldier throughout the four years of the Civil war, and for several months longer as a member of the Twentieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. One of his brothers was killed in the war. Mary J. Wimmer 's father, Capt. John Wimmer, was also a Union soldier throughout the four years of the struggle between the North and the South, serving with the rank of captain. John W. McCafferty was reared and educated at Mount Sterling, and in 1891, as a youth of twenty years, arrived in Columbus. It is said that his total capital at that time amounted to only $90. In a little more than twenty years he has achieved a place among the men of solid wealth in the city. For some years he was active in public affairs, a leader in the councils of the republican party in Columbus. He was elected and served as clerk of the courts for Franklin County from 1900 to 1906. In 1909 Mr. McCafferty formed a partnership with the late James Ross in the real estate business, under the firm name of Ross & McCafferty. Mr. Ross, who passed away in December, 1923, was the famous leader of the democratic party. in Columbus, and an outstanding figure in state politics and also in national politics. Although of opposite political faith, Mr. McCafferty and Mr. Ross were close personal friends from the time that the younger man came here from Mount Sterling in 1891. After their firm was formed in 1909 Mr. McCafferty retired from politics to devote his entire time to the business, in active charge of the firm's broad gauge activities. However, Mr. Ross continued his career as a political leader until the time of his death. The firm of Ross & McCafferty engaged in large scale activities from the beginning. They specialized in central business property, chiefly along High Street. One of their notably successful enterprises was the Majestic Building, a theater and office building, which the firm built in 1913 and has since owned. It is on High Street, directly opposite the State Capitol, in the heart of the highest priced business prop- erty in Columbus. It occupies an historic location, the site of the old Peter Ambos Building, in which the first session of the Ohio Legislature was held after the capital was moved to Columbus. Ross & McCafferty also built the Connor Building on South High Street, which they later sold. Mr. McCafferty individually built and owns the Courtland Building. He has carried out other building and real estate enterprises that stamp him as one of the best posted and most successful operators in property in Columbus. He married Miss Edythe Henrici, of Canton. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Knights of Pythias, Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Elks, and the Columbus Country Club and the Athletic Club. For several years he has been an active member of the Chamber of Commerce, having held membership in the old Board of Trade, the predecessor of the present organization. CYRUS HULING. In the early years that he was practicing law at Columbus, Cyrus Huling earned distinction as a famous prosecuting attorney and showed a skill in conducting complicated causes that brought him all the practice he could attend to. In his later years, however, he has busied himself with enterprises of a business rather than a professional nature. He represents one of the oldest families in America. The Huling ancestry goes back to the French Huguenots, who as a result of the massacre of St. Bartholomew in 1572 were scattered abroad to different countries. The Hulings found refuge in England, and from there about 1650 James Huling came to America, locating at Newport, Rhode Island, where he died in 1686. A later descendant and a direct ancestor of Cyrus Ruling was Walton Huling who located in Dutchess County, New York, in 1750. He and his brother John were signers of the whig pledge adopted ten days after the battle of Lexington. This pledge originated in New York, and the Huling Brothers were among the first signers. This bound the signers "under ties of religion, honor and love to country to adopt and to endeavor to carry into execution whatsoever measures may be recommended by the Continental Congress or resolved upon by our Provisional Convention for the purpose of preserving our Constitution and of opposing the several arbitrary acts of the British Parliament." Walton Huling was a soldier of the Revolution with the Fifth Regiment of Dutchess County. He died in 1823. His son, Alexander, became a soldier in the War of 1812, and was a founder of the family in Ohio in 1820. He died near North Prairie, this state, in 1828. Nathan Huling, son of Alexander, was born in 1803, and married Eliza Wickoff. The youngest of their eight children was Cyrus Huling, who was born on a farm in Seneca County, Ohio, August 10, 1851. A few days after his birth his mother died, and he was only four years old when his father passed away. Until he was seventeen he lived with his guardian, Peter Brayton. Going out to Illinois he expected to follow the career of farming, but was strongly attracted to the law. He graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware with the class of 1878. In the meantime he had taught school several winters, being principal of the Marysville Ohio School two years. In recognition of his scholarship at Ohio Wesleyan University he was elected a member of the Phi Beta Kappa fraternity when it was established there. Mr. Huling was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1879. He formed a partnership with John R. Bowdle, a classmate. In 1885 he was elected prosecuting attorney on the republican ticket in a county that was democratic 204 - HISTORY OF OHIO by 3,000. The election that year involving the choice of a United States .senator from. Ohio was hotly contested in the campaign and at the polls, and it was found that ballots were tampered with at the election, some three hundred being cast out. There followed a large amount of litigation and general scandal and much bitterness. Mr. Huling handled Much of this investigation and trial work as prosecuting attorney. One tally sheet case with a jury trial which he conducted in December of. 1887 occupied over three months in trial. Associated with him on 'that case were such distinguished public men and lawyers as Allen G. Thurman, then United States senator, Judge George K. Nash, Col. J. T. Holmes, and the well known Chicago lawyer, Luther Laflin Mills. Another extended and bitterly fought case was that of the Elliotts on account of the murder of Osborne, a case in which editors of rival Sunday papers figured. Mr. Huling was elected prosecuting attorney in 1888. The fearlessness and ability with which he had discharged his duties during his first term again enabled him to overcome a democratic majority of about 2,500. Mr. Huling in 1892 formed a partnership with Col. J. T. Holmes, and three years later succeeded Mr. Holmes in his position in the firm. This firm was the first to occupy the Wyandotte Building on West Broad Street in Columbus: During the next fifteen years Mr. Huling was constantly engaged in a large and important practice until other matters gradually absorbed his energies. He is a director of the Columbus McKinnon Chair Company, is president of the Broadway Company, owner of the Seneca Hotel, is president of the Pittsburgh and Allegheny Telephone Company and a director in several other important companies. He has served as chairman of the State Central Republican Committee, and has been a delegate to a number of the national conventions. He is affiliated with Magnolia Lodge of Masons, Mount Vernon Knight Templar Commandery, Scioto Consistory of the Scottish Rite, Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine, the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and Elks, and is a member of the Columbus Club, the Scioto Country Club. He also belongs. to the Ohio State Historical and Archaeological Society. In 1875 he married Miss Rose Marguerite Hack. She is also a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University. Three children were born to their marriage, Mary Wyckoff, wife of William B. Woodbury; Helen, Mrs. Dr. Arthur W. Newell, and Frank C. Mr. Huling, while not a communicant, has been actively associated with the work of the First Baptist Church and has served on a number of its committees. OTTO MEES, D. D., has been president of Capital University at Columbus for eleven years, and by his enthusiasm and executive ability has made that school an institution of learning ranking among the best denominational colleges in the Middle West. Capital University has had nteresting history. In 1830 the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio authorized a modest preparatory and theological school, primarily to train candidates for the ministry. The first teacher and head of the school was a minister at Canton, and therefore .the school was conducted there for one year. Since then its home has been at Columbus. For nearly twenty years it was located on South High Street. It was chartered by the state in 1850, and at that time the preparatory school was expanded into a college. A fine building was erected at the corner of Goodale and High streets, and remained the home of the college until 1876, when it was moved to a tract of seventeen acres, three miles from the heart of the city. For over seventy years, therefore, the Capital University has supplied the advantages of a college to hundreds of young men, not only from Lutheran families, but other denomi- nations as well, and the theological department has been a source of training for many Lutheran ministers. Since 1918 the opportunities of the college have also been open to women students. Dr. Otto Mees was the youngest executive that Capital University ever had. He was inaugurated president January 1, 1913. In his initial address at Christ 's Church he emphasized that progress should be the keynote of his future work. Full of energy and zeal himself, and by his enthusiasm and personality a real leader not only in his church, but among all classes of citizens, Doctor Mees has put the spirit of progress into all the life and activities of the university. It has grown and prospered to a remarkable degree. During his administration a Science Hall has been built and equipped, Rudolph Memorial Library built, central heating plant provided, courses standardized, arts and agricultural and normal courses provided, numerous chairs in various fields established, endowments increased, and the attendance grew to a total of 565 students, 325 in the academic department for the year 1922-1923, with 240 in the music school. The most notable building addition since he took charge is the splendid Divinity Hall and Chapel, costing about $210,000, a beautiful structure that is the home of the Theological Seminary. It was completed in 1923. Two other large buildings are being planned and will soon grace the campus—a woman's dormitory and an Assembly Hall and Music Conservatory. Both on his father 's and mother 's side Doctor Mees represents a family of real distinction and achievement in the field of education. The teaching profession has been almost traditional with them. His father, also well known in Columbus, was Dr. Theophilus M. K. Mees, who was born at Columbus, July 13, 1848, son of Rev. Konrad and Elise (Adam) Mees. He died July 25, 1923. He was educated in the Lutheran College at Fort Wayne, Indiana, graduated from the St. Louis Theological Seminary in 1872, studied and traveled abroad, attending the universities of Berlin and Leipsic during 1872-1874, and in 1875 was ordained to the Lutheran ministry. He was professor of Latin and Hebrew in Capital University from 1875 to 1888, was president of the Teachers' Seminary at Woodville, Ohio, from 1888 to 1903, and since 1903 has been professor of mental and moral science at Capital University and professor in the Theological Seminary. He has also done duty as a pastor in Columbus, and since 1912 has been editor of the Theological Magazine and is the author of several works of a religious and educational nature. Capital University gave him the honorary Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1898 and the Doctor of Divinity degree in 1917. Dr. T. M. K. Mees married Miss Jennie Brauer, of St. Louis, July 1, 1875. She is a daughter of the late Rev. Dr. E. A. Brauer, who was a prominent teacher and theologian, and for many years professor of theology in Concordia Seminary of the Lutheran Church at St. Louis. Some reference should be made here to two brothers of Dr. Theophilus Mees. One of them, Arthur Mees, who was born at Columbus in 1850, cultivated his musical talent both in this country and in Germany, and for many years has been one of America's foremost conductors. He was formerly conductor of the Cincinnati May Festival Chorus, assistant con- ductor of the American Opera and Chicago Orchestra when the late Theodore Thomas was its conductor, and has conducted performances of many prominent societies and musical organizations. His home was in New York City, and in addition to his duties as a conductor he has written much in musical literature. HISTORY OF OHIO - 205 His brother, Carl Leo Mees, who was born at Columbus, in 1853, graduated in medicine, but has been best known as a scientist. He studied abroad in Germany and England, was for some years professor of physics in Ohio University at Athens, and since 1887 has been identified with the Rose Polytechnic Institute of Terre Haute, Indiana, at first in the chair of physics and from 1895 to 1919 as president of the institute, and since then as president emeritus. Dr. Otto Mees had two aunts prominent in educational work, one of them being the late Miss Antonio Mees, and the other Miss Pauline Mees, who has had remarkable success as a training teacher. Dr. Otto Mees was born at Columbus, February 19, 1879. He graduated from the Normal School at Woodville, Ohio, in 1894, received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Capital University in 1898, and graduated magna cum laude from the Evangelical Lutheran Seminary of Columbus in 1901. During 1901-1902 he pursued his studies abroad in the universities of Berlin and Leipsic, and was ordained to the Lutheran ministry in 1902. Wittenberg College of Springfield, Ohio, conferred upon him the Master of Arts degree in 1916, and the Doctor of Divinity degree was given him by Carthage College in Illinois in 1920. Doctor Mees from 1902 to 1912 was pastor of Zion's Church at Coraopolis, Pennsylvania. After those ten years of pastoral work he was called to Capital University as its president. August 26, 1903, Doctor Mees married Clara Alvina Christiansen, of Detroit. They have four children: Elsa, Gertrude, Robert and Ruth. Doctor Mees served as secretary of the Eastern District Joint Synod of the Lutheran Church of Ohio from 1904 to 1911, and from 1910 to 1912 was director of the Lutheran Choral Society of Pittsburgh. He organized and since 1913 has been director of the Lutheran Choral Society of Columbus. He is a member of the Board of Governors of the Lutheran Brotherhood of America, and in December, 1923, was elected president of the National Lutheran Educational Conference. He is also a member of the Ohio Association of College Presidents and of various professional societies. HARRY R. GILL. Harry R. Gill and H. V. Pohle are the owners and have been the men responsible for the development of one of Ashland's most interesting industries, the products of which have a world wide distribution and increased the fame of this city as a manufacturing center. Mr. Gill and Mr. Pohle in 1913 formed their partnership and first did most of the actual work in the manufacture of toy balloons. During the first year they systematized their business for the production of 3,000 balloons daily, and by 1919 this capacity had been increased to 300,000 daily. In 1922 the company established another department for the manufacture of rubber balls, and the balls and balloons continue as the primary output of this establishment. It is an industry that employs 200 persons. In the course of ten years it has acquired a world market, the product going to jobbers everywhere. Mr. Gill and Mr. Pohle did their first manufacturing in an old shop 18 by 30 feet. In 1917 they erected part of their present plant, doubling it in 1919. The plant is a three-story building, 60 by 160 feet, affording 30,000 square feet of floor space in addition to other outside space required for storage. The Eagle Rubber Company was incorporated in 1916, with $50,000 capital, and in 1919 the capital was increased by $100,000. Mr. Gill and Mr. Pohle are both natives of Ashland, and they are business men with pluck and perseverance to develop an important industry in the face of many discouraging circumstances. Mr. Gill in 1920 was chairman of the Republican Club and secretary of the County Central Committee. He is a member of the Ashland Country Club and the Lions Club. CHARLES H. STICKELS. One of the busiest centers in the Capital City of Columbus is the Union Railway Station, through which pass many hundreds of thousands of people, only a very small part of which appreciate the extraordinary efforts made to maintain perfect adequacy of service. Because that service is so nearly adequate it fails to attract the attention which something less satisfactory would get from the traveling public. The man in control of the service represented in the Union Station is Station Master Charles H. Stickels, who has spent practically all his adult years in railroad work. Mr. Stickels was born at Hamilton in Butler County, Ohio, in 1869. After his education in the public schools he went to work for the Big Four Railway Company, his first employment being as a brakeman. Later he was promoted to passenger conductor, and for eleven years had a passenger run between Cleveland and Cincinnati. In 1909 he was made assistant station master of the Columbus Union Station, and in 1921 was elevated to the responsibilities of station master. There are over 200 employes in this station. About 160 trains are handled every twenty-four hours. Five trunk lines of railway use this station—the Pennsylvania, with its Panhandle, Cincinnati, Columbus,. Toledo and Akron divisions; the Big Four System, with its Cleveland and Cincinnati division; the Hocking Valley Railway, with its Toledo and Hocking divisions; the Baltimore & Ohio, lines East and West, and the Norfolk & Western Railway. With his long railroad experience, his genial nature and diplomacy and peculiar aptitude for this work, Mr. Stickels is the ideal official to control and direct a great union station where every day there is presented a moving panorama of human life. Mr. Stickels married Miss Blanche Davis, also a native of Ohio. They have one daughter, Mrs. Ruby Lynch, and one grandchild. M. L. GOVE was a native of the State Of New Hampshire, and was born at Seabrook, Rockingham County, not far from the Atlantic Coast, in 1850. He was educated in the Quaker Boarding School of New Hampshire, and at the age of twenty-three years came West, finally locating at Elkhart, Indiana. Before leaving his home he engaged in the mercantile business for five years and became proficient in that occupation. He spent some time in the Middle West before locating permanently at Elkhart. In 1885 lie married Miss Agnes M. Wilden, a native of Forrent Grove, Indiana, and by her had one daughter, Florence, who became the wife of Mr. Monseur De la Var, of Bethune, France. Mr. Gove was reared a Quaker, and ever afterward was a supporter of that faith. His widow in her youth attended the public and high schools of Elkhart, Indiana, and was particularly well instructed in both vocal and instrumental music. She has been a successful and prominent teacher of instrumental music. since 1887. Mr. Gove soon after his marriage established the first dime store ever started in this portion of the country. Steadily the business developed until it became a large general store, with a wide and profitable trade. He continued to conduct this store with great success and credit until 1914, when he sold out and lived a retired life until he passed away on April 16, 1920. His widow still resides in Elyria. He was a brother of Senator Gove of Waltham, Massachusetts. He was a prominent republican in politics and an eminent citizen. The poet, John Greenleaf Whittier, 206 - HISTORY OF OHIO was an intimate friend of the Gove family in Massachusetts. Monseur De la Var, son-in-law of Mr. Gove, was in the service of the British Army in India for some time. While thus serving he and others were captured and subjected to torture and other cruelties. The natives refused to give. the captives water, but would hold it in front of them to cause them to suffer the more. The prisoners were driven with whips many miles for supplies of water, but were not given any until they had conveyed the whole cargo back to the Indians' camp and then only a small portion. The favorite wife Of the Indian ruler took a strong liking for Mr. De la Var, and upon his urgent request, permitted his escape. This enabled him later to effect the escape of the seven above mentioned. They traveled across the desert under dreadful hardships and finally reached Berbera, Somali Land, East Africa, where the British troops were entrenched. The ruler 's wife, who accompanied them, died from the hardships of the march. Mr. De la Var later became a secret service detective for England, and for a while was stationed in Arabia, and while there wrote a book entitled "The Ten Wives." He is now an instructor in dancing, and was such for a time in Ruth St. Dennis Academy of Dancing in California. He taught Vernon Castle's wife for two years. He spent several years on the stage, and often danced with the famous dancer Pavlowa. At the present time he conducts a classical dancing and fine arts academy in Norfolk, Virginia, and several other cities throughout the United States. CHARLES SUMNER DRUGGAN came to Columbus to study law in the university, and since his admission to the bar has remained there to practice law, and has achieved an unusually high and merited reputation in his chosen vocation. He was born in Athens County, Ohio, in 1879, son of John Thomas and Sarah (Hixson) Druggan. His grandfather Druggan came from the North of Ireland. Mr. Druggan was reared in Southern Ohio, finished his literary education in Ohio University at Athens, and completed his law course in Ohio State University. He was admitted to the bar in 1905, and in the same year began practice at Columbus. Unlike. many other young lawyers, he has consistently avoided politics, his ambition being solely concentrated on substantial achievement within the law itself. He has devoted the best energies of his younger years to building up an honorable and substantial practice. In this ambition he has succeeded most admirably. It is said that he has one of the best and most lucrative practices in Columbus. Although carrying on a general practice in the County, State and Federal Courts, he is especially known for his abilities and success as a corporation lawyer, and it is with corporation matters that his practice largely deals. Mr. Druggan is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, . and is a member of the Scioto Country Club and the Columbus Athletic Club. He married Miss Fawn Ramsey, of Sunbury, Ohio. GEORGE V: SHERIDAN. In a splendid field for constructive work and service George V. Sheridan is fully measuring up to the demands of the important administrative office of which he is the incumbent, that of executive director of the Ohio State Council of Retail Merchants. While this publication is not a vehicle for the exploitation of any specific civic or political organization, yet the surpassing value of the work done and projected by the Ohio State Council of Retail Merchants is such as to justify the incorpOration here of the following quotations from a significant article written by Mr. Sheridan and published in a leading trade paper, under date of July 7, 1923: "We have in the field of retail merchandising the essentials of the strongest possible organization. Picture our possibilities in Ohio. In a dozen cities, a hundred towns and a thousand villages we have retail merchants. They are men of influence and standing, ranking factors in the life of their respective communities. All are engaged in a single function, vital to the happiness, progress and life of our state 's 6,000,000 citizens. All are affected alike by general conditions. Each knows that to deal with these problems intelligently he must have the cooperation of the others. When it comes to fundamentals, the department-store executive and the village merchant are in the same boat. "Our job as a council is to bring this widely scattered group into harmonious and coordinated action through the development of plans which are the result of thought. If we fail in Ohio to develop an organization which will be a power for good, and a real factor in the life of the state, it will be due to clumsy development of our wonderful possibilities." This council is essentially a medium of cooperation and coordination in the important service rendered by, the retail merchants throughout Ohio, and that there- has been no "clumsy development" in the connection is attested by results already achieved—results that more than justify the organization and functions of the council. The headquarters of this council, in the City of Columbus, represent not only a general clearing house in the solving of the various intrinsic, legislative and educational problems, touching the retail mercantile business, but also a court of last resort, as it were, in the determining of procedures in matters of general communal importance. There is a great field for action, and in that field the Ohio State Council of Retail Merchants is prepared for and is doing most effective service. It is not intended to take the place of the various group associations formed by certain classes of merchants, but to assist them in the unifying and expanding of their activities, so that there may be insured "the greatest good to the greatest number," including the merchant and the supporting patron. Thus in this state council are represented the following named member organizations: The Ohio Hardware Association, the Ohio Retail Dry Goods Association, the Ohio Valley Retail Shoe Dealers Association, the Ohio Retail Furniture Dealers Association, and the Ohio Retail Clothiers-Furnishers Association. The officers of the council are in the most significant sense representative business men of Ohio, and the personnel of the official corps is as here noted: President, Fred Lazarus, Jr. (the F. & R. Lazarus Company, Columbus) ; vice president, Eugene Geismer (the Stearn. Company, Cleveland) ; treasurer, F. H. Rike (the Rike-Kumler Company, Dayton) executive director, George V. Sheridan (offices of the council, 175 South High Street, Columbus) ; trustees, A. B. Koch (La Salle & Koch, TOledo), S. M. Gross (May Company, Cleveland), Victor Sincere (Bailey Company, Cleveland), C. J. Lang (Ohio Retail Clothiers Association, Cleveland), J. B. Carson (Ohio Hardware Association, Dayton), E. L. McKelvey Company (McKelvey Company, Youngstown), W. H. Mazey (Ohio Retail Dry Goods Association, Newark), Bolton S. Armstrong (Mabley-Carew Company, Cincinnati), D. C. Keller (Dow Drug Company, Cincinnati), H. F. Cappel, Cappel Furniture Company, Dayton), James P. Orr (Potter Shoe Company, Cincinnati). George V. Sheridan was born at Circleville, judicial center of Pickaway County, Ohio, in the year 188.7, and is a son, of Henry and Anna A. Sheridan, the latter of whom still resides at Marysville. Henry Sheridan, who died when his son George V. was a child, was born in New York City and became the original owner and proprietor of the American House, which was long the leading hotel at Circleville, Ohio. HISTORY OF OHIO - 207 In the public schools of Marysville, George V. Sheridan acquired his early education, which was advanced by his attending the University of Ohio, at Columbus. For several years he was a prominent figure. in newspaper circles in Ohio. At Columbus he gave effective service in the editorial departments of the Dispatch, the Citizen and the State Journal; was managing editor of the Time-Recorder at Zanesville ; and thereafter he gave three years of service as editor and publisher of the Sun at Springfield. For a number of years also he held the office of secretary of the Ohio State Medical Society, with headquarters in Columbus. In 1922, upon the organization of the Ohio State Council of Retail Merchants, he was made executive director of this representative organization, and his administration has been such as to bring the work and functions of the council up to a high standard of efficiency and to make the organization justify in the fullest sense its formation. Mr. Sheridan is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and has membership in the Columbus Athletic Club, and the Scioto Country Club. He. married Miss Eva Husband, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. A. J. Husband, of Cleveland, and the two children of this union are Philip and Martha. NATHAN K. SNOOK. One of the notable institutions of Columbus is the Alladin Chorus, a musical organization of the highest merit, and which has been heard in Shrine conventions all over the country. The chorus has been maintained at the exacting discipline of professional organizations, contains many talented singers, and has shown itself at ease in difficult compositions, and under the most severe tests imposed upon choral performers. In January, 1924, the chorus honored one of its members, Nathan K. Snook, a second tenor in the chorus, with the office of president. All the members of the chorus belong to Alladin Temple of the Mystic Shrine of Columbus. The chorus has been in existence for twelve or thirteen years, and its total membership is eighty, of whom sixty are active members. he chorus for several years has been a prominent feature on the program of the annual conventions of the Shrine in various cities from coast to coast. Its singing has been accorded special favor and enthusiasm in such Western cities as Denver, Los Angeles and Seattle. In Eastern cities they have received similar honors. At the National Shrine Convention in Washington in June, 1923, they sang for President Harding on the lawn of the Whitehouse. The late President Harding was a member of Alladin Temple of Columbus, which was the only Shrine Temple that has ever had a President for a member. The Alladin chorus hinds weekly rehearsals, and its musical director has always been a man of distinction in music. Membership in the chorus is a much coveted honor, and carries with it a special distinction in musical circles. Five of the members of the chorus have been performers with Al G. Field's minstrels. Mr. Nathan K. Snook, president of the chorus, was born in Dayton, Kentucky, across the river from Cincinnati. He has lived in Ohio since early youth, and attended school in Cincinnati. His home has been in Columbus since 1905, and for many years he has been actively identified with the Columbus Coffin Company. He is secretary and treasurer of that company, this being one of the largest manufacturing institu-. tions of the kind in Ohio. Mr. Snook married Leah L. Clark, of Washington Court House, and they have one child, Betty Jane. HENRY CARL THEMAN. While the knowledge and familiarity of the trained electrician can make an obedient servant of an element that no one knows better than he can prove a dangerous and death-dealing agent, there continues to be a vast amount of mystery in electricity to the ordinary, every-day man who follows vocations apart, from it He has become accustomed to witness its marvels and enjoy its benefits, but largely leaves to his brother of scientific training the credit of having a thorough working understanding. One of the men of wide experience ,in electric work at Elyria is Henry Carl Theman, one of the oldest and leading electrical contractors in this section of the state. Mr. Theman was born at Cleveland, Ohio, February. 6, 1870. His parents were Frederick and Barbara (Roth) Theman, both of whom were born in Germany and were brought to the United States when young. They were married in the City of Cleveland, and lived there for a time but later removed to Olmsted Falls, in Cuyahoga County, and spent the rest of their lives on their farm there. They were honest, industrious, highly respected people and members of the German Lutheran. Church. Henry Carl Theman remained with his parents on the home farm until he was twenty-five years of age, in the meanwhile attending the public schools. He then went to Elyria, where he entered the electrical department in the Lorain Steel Company's plant. He remained there for three years, going then to the Southwestern Railroad Company at Cleveland, as foreman in the electrical department that had charge of installing machinery; switchboards and all electrical equipments, where he continued until 1907. Subsequently Mr. Theman embarked in the electrical contracting business, in which he has been engaged up to the present time. He has devoted himself mainly to electric contracting, and has a large and important business in this line, being concerned in this department with some of the largest building operations now under way at Elyria and this section of the state. Mr. Theman married on June 28, 1899, Miss Mary E. Miller, who was born at Olmsted Falls, Ohio, a daughter of Tobias E. and Catherine (Ohnocker) Miller, the former of whom was born at New Springfield and the latter at Brighton, Ohio. Her paternal grandparents were Samuel and Elizabeth (Lower) Miller, both natives of Ohio, and her maternal grand- parents were Philip and Mary (Oswald) Ohnocker, bpth of whom were born at Gensheim, Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Theman have no children. In politics Mr. Theman has always been identified with the republican party, and at times has held public office, for a number of years being a member of the City Council of Elyria. During the World war he was patriotically active in many directions, and was a member of local draft board No. .2 of Lorain County. He belongs to the Elyria Rotary Club, and is a Knight Templar Mason. Mr. and Mrs. Theman are members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church at Elyria, of which he has long been a trustee. Both as a business man and as a private citizen Mr. Theman enjoys the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens. LIEUT. COL. ROBERT STEMPLE HARSH is an architect by profession, having served the State of Ohio as its first state architect and engineer from July, 1921, to January, 1924. At the present time he is engaged in the practice of architecture with his office at 8 East Broad Street, Columbus, Ohio. Colonel Harsh was born at Coshocton, Ohio, in 1888, a son of Frank M. and Laura (Stemple) Harsh. His mother is still living. The family removed to Cleveland when he was a small boy and he was reared in that city, attending the public schools. In 1903, when he was only fifteen years of age, he started as an apprentice in a Cleveland architect's office and before he reached his majority he was superintending 208 - HISTORY OF OHIO building construction. In 1906 he came to Columbus and subsequently enrolled in the Ohio State University, from which he graduated in 1911, receiving the degree of civil engineer in architecture. From 1913 to the time he entered the service of the State of Ohio his home and professional office was located in Alliance, Ohio. Here he met. Miss Julia Cassaday, to whom he was married in March, 1917. National preparedness has been Colonel Harsh's hobby. While a student at Ohio State University, as a freshman, he won a silver medal in individual military competitions. During his senior year he served as the ranking cadet officer of the regiment. For one season he acted as military instructor at the noted Culver Military Academy in Indiana. After locating in Alliance he organized a company of Sons of Veterans Reserves there and later was elected a battalion commander in that organization. When war was declared in 1917 he was chosen as the commandant of Mount Union College and trained the young men of that school until the end of the term in June. In August, 1917, he entered the Second Officers Training Camp at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana. He had the distinction of being the only candidate from Ohio to that camp to receive the commission of major of infantry. He was assigned to duty with the Eighty-fourth or Lincoln Division, in command of the first battalion of the Three Hundred and Thirty-fourth Infantry. He accompanied his division overseas in September, 1918. Returning to the United States in the summer of 1919 he was discharged on June 28th, having been in service twenty-two months. Since that time he has been actively associated with the organization of the Organized Reserves. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel of infantry and now is Ike commanding officer of the Three Hundred and rtieth Infantry of the Eighty-third Division of the Organized Reserves. In July, 1921, he accepted the appointment to the newly created office of state architect and engineer, this office having come into being through the action of the Eighty-fourth General Assembly as a part of the department of highways and .public works. Through this office all designing of all buildings, grounds, water supply, drainage and heating systems and supervising construction of same for all the offices, institutions, departments and boards of the state government is now handled. The creation of an office covering such a broad field was no easy task, but through the tireless efforts of Colonel Harsh the new division was organized and placed upon an efficient operating basis. His administration of that office showed a saving of hundreds of thousands of dollars to the state over the methods formerly employed. During his term such important work as the remodeling and redecorating of the interior of the State House, the development of the Orient Farm of the Institution for" Feeble-minded increasing its capacity 1,500, the planning of a new institution at the Grafton Farm to accommodate 3,000, the development of new buildings and a new plan for the Ohio State Fair Grounds at Columbus, miscellaneous con- struction at the 'eleemosynary and educational institutions of the state totaling millions of dollars were designed by Colonel Harsh. Colonel Harsh is a member of the American Legion and the Sons of Veterans, his membership in the latter being based on the record of his maternal grandfather, David Stemple, who was a soldier in the Civil war. lie is also affiliated with the Masons and Elks. E. J. OGLE is a sheet metal contractor with an extensive business in and around Columbus. He represents an old family of Ohio, and one that has been here for practically a century The family was established in this country by his great-grandfather, who coming out of Germany made settlement in pioneer times in the town of Dresden in Muskingum County. There are a number of branches of the Ogle family in the United States, though the name is not altogether a common one, and many of these branches, if not all, are descendants of this old pioneer at Dresden, Ohio. His son Isaac was born and spent his life at Dresden, passing away at the age of eighty-two. The Ogle homestead remained in the family there for seventy-five years. William, son of Isaac Ogle, was born in the old house occupied by the family there, and in the early eighties moved to Columbus, where he lived out his life, passing away in January, 1923, at the age of seventy-nine. He married Rebecca Jones, also a native of Dresden. E. J. Ogle, their son, was born in the same old house which was the birthplace of his father, in November, 1876. He was eight years of age when the family came to Columbus, and after completing his public school education learned the sheet metal trade with Fred Errick. He was paid $3 a week, and out of that had to clothe and board himself. After three years he became a journeyman. Mr. Ogle has been a man of versatile gifts and talents, and for three years he saw the world and had a unique experience while traveling with Ringling Brothers and Sells Brothers Circuses in the capacity of a clown. Mr. Ogle in 1906 established his business as a sheet metal contractor in Columbus. He has handled much of the work in this line and has taken many contracts outside of the city. He has catered especially to the larger jobs, those on churches, schools and other public buildings. Mr. Ogle has facilities for handling the largest contracts in his line, and keeps from twenty to thirty men employed the greater part of the year. Outside of his business his chief interest is at home, where he enjoys flower gardening. He is a member of the Elks Order. Mr. Ogle married Miss Matilda Steiber. They have one son, Charles A. VON GERICHTEN ART GLASS COMPANY. One of the old-established houses of Columbus is that of the Von Gerichten Art Glass Company, which since 1893 has continued to hold a unique position in the life of the city. It was in that year that Theo and Ludwig von Gerichten, from the Rhine Palitanate, Germany, coming to Columbus, founded the house they are still conducting, and which they have made the exponent of their skill and artistic ideas. Theo von Gerichten had come to the United States in 1883, and, locating at Cullman. Alabama, was land agent for the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company for ten years. Ludwig von Gerichten arrived in this country in 1887, and studied art glass designing at Cincinnati, Ohio. The brothers chose Columbus as headquarters for their glass production because of its central location, and subsequent events justify their decision. Their means being limited, they of necessity commenced in a small way, but it was not long before the merit of their work received recognition, and today their reputation is international. Their international business so expanded that in 1914, just prior to the outbreak of the World war, to meet European competition, it was deemed expedient to establish a branch house in Munich, Bavaria, by Louis von Gerichten, who is still in charge of it. Art glass for cathedral, church and domestic use has always maintained a high place in artistic architecture, and with this knowledge before them the brothers studied both ancient and modern masters of the art. It has been the aim of the house of von Gerichten to add new designs that will impress and emphasize the ideas of older artists. Some seventy highly skilled workmen are employed in the production and installation of the designs turned out at this HISTORY OF OHIO - 209 establishment, the annual output having passed the $200,000 mark. Many excellent specimens have gone to South America and Mexico, as well as to every state in the Union. The work is so superior that the invasion of the old countries, the home of art glass manufacture for centuries, has proven the wisdom of the movement. Ludwig von Gerichten married Miss Gesser, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and they have two daughters: Marguerite and Laura, the latter the wife of Joseph Hewitson, of Youngstown, Ohio. Theo von Gerichten married Sophia Stiefelmeier, of Canada, and they have two children: Theodore B., who is associated in the business with his father and uncle, and who now manages the business; and Johanna A., who is at home. Aside from the membership of Ludwig von Gerichten in the Ohio Historical Society, the brothers do not belong to any organizations, their interest being centered in their business, which is so absorbing as to require constant attention. FRANK H. LUMBERT. Too much credit cannot be given to the self-made men of the country who, entirely through their own efforts, rise to positions of trust and responsibility in business and community life. An example of telling force is found in the rise and continued success of Frank H. Lumbert, of Columbus, general manager of the Fifth Avenue Lumber Company, for he was left an orphan at an early age, and from then on has been self-supporting. Much of his knowledge has been acquired in the hard school of experience, but in it his abilities have been developed and his character formed, so that he has no need to regret the lack of early advantages. Frank H. Lumbert was born at Columbus, April 24, 1867, and at the age of fourteen years he began working in a lumber yard. Steadily advancing through his faithful performance of the duties assigned, he became in the course of time manager of the J. J. Knox Lumber Company, and continued in that position until January, 1916, when with Harry R. Allen he organized the Fifth. Avenue Lumber Company of this city, Mr. Allen being president and Mr. Lumbert general manager. The company operates a planing mill and caters to the general local building trade. The volume of. business has grown with the succeeding years, and employment is now given to twenty-five men. Mr. Lumbert in 1888 married Annie' D. Newman, of Cumberland, Maryland, and they have two children: F. H., who is an employe of the Fifth Avenue Lumber Company; and Ethel, who is the wife of Alfreu Blake, of Mount Vernon, Ohio. Well known in Masonry, Mr. Lumbert has been advanced in that fraternity through the Commandery, and he also belongs to Aladdin Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and is also active in that order. An alert, reliable and progressive man, he has won and holds the confidence of his business associates, and deserves his present prosperity and popularity. OHIO STATE STOVE AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY is one of the rapidly growing and prospering industries in the City of Columbus. The founders of the business are W. B. Thomas and M. L. Packer. The business was incorporated in 1909, with a capital of $75,000. The capital is now $250,000, while the surplus account gives the company total resources of about three-quarters of a million. The president is W. B. Thomas, while M. L. Packer is treasurer and general manager, and in active charge of the executive and manufacturing end of the business. Their first plant, at the west end of First Avenue, was burned in 1912, and at that time the company acquired three buildings on the present site, converting the buildings into a commodious three-story structure, to which additions have been made until now the company has 100,000 square feet of floor space. There are 150 employes. The company manufactures gas ranges and heaters, which at first were the sole output, and subsequently have added other articles, particularly the Packer all steel kitchen cabinet and the Packer all steel medicine cabinet. A large part of the manufactured metal products are produced under the patents held by M. L. Packer. There are twelve salesmen on the road, and the business has grown until the output is now marketed in all parts of the world. In a large measure the success for the upbuilding of this business is due Mr. M. L. Packer. He was born at Lorain, Ohio, where his great-grandfather was one of the first settlers, coming from' Vermont. M. L. Packer as a youth learned the sheet metal trade and for some years was superintendent of a stove manufacturing company at Johnstown, Pennsylvania, and from that Pennsylvania city came to Columbus in 1909 to organize this present business. Many articles produced are from patents secured by himself. Some fifteen letters patent have been granted him. Mr. Packer is a member of the Ohio and the National Manufacturers associations and belongs to the Kiwanis Club, Athletic Club and the Knights of Columbus at Columbus. He married Miss Mary Gerrity of Cleveland. They have a family of seven sons and four daughters, three sons; James, George L. and William, being associated with their father's business. James is advertising manager and George L. is secretary and sales manager of the company. GEORGE LESLIE SLATER, one of the promising and active young business men of Lorain, was born at Monticello, Minnesota, on the 13th of December, 1894, and is the son of George William and Addie Marie (Towle) Slater. The father was born at Dayton, Minnesota, and now is a resident of Bemidji, Minnesota. He is a stationary engineer and is one of the leading and distinguished citizens of that state. He received a good education in his boyhood, and began business for himself at quite an early date. He has made life a success both financially and morally. George L. Slater .in his early years was blessed with' a good education at the public schools, where he revealed from the start his aptitude for high mental culture. After leaving the graded schools 'he entered the local high school, and there received excellent advancement in his learning and erudition. He also took a course in advanced studies at the University of Michigan. On the 19th of April, 1918, he enlisted in the World war, and was assigned to the Engineers Reserve Corps at Detroit. There he remained for some time, learning all he could in order to get ready for the field service should he be ordered across the ocean to France. On the 30th day of May he was transferred to the Outfitters' Training Camp at Fort Sheridan, and there he continued his hard work and strict study to be prepared for action. His progress was so promising and his earnestness and loyalty so conspicuous that about this time he was commissioned second lieutenant of infantry and a little later was assigned to special duty as adjutant in the University of Indiana at Bloomington. Here he became ill and was sent to the hospital at Fort Benjamin Harrison, and still later, not recovering as it was expected, he was honorably discharged from the service on March 15, 1919. He then went to Toledo, and, as soon as he was able, began working at the carpenter trade, and was thus occupied for two months. In May he came to Lorain, and at once opened an architect's office in partnership with 210 - HISTORY OF OHIO Messrs. Wurmser and McFadden, and was there engaged until the 25th of August when he, with F. J. McFadden, bought out the Smith Coal & Supply Company at Lorain, which thereafter became known as the Slater & McFadden Coal & Supply Company. This active concern continued in successful business operation, with a large trade and the confidence of the public, until April 1, 1923, when the partnership was dissolved and the company was reorganized and incorporated under the name of the Slater Coal & Supply Company. This concern is still in existence, with a large business and high reputation. Mr. Slater is its president, F. J. McFadden, secretary and treasurer, and S. S. McFadden, vice president. They handle all varieties of the best coal for retail purposes, and also have on hand a large stock of builders' supplies. Their yard and offices are at 1071 Broadway. On June 5, 1919, Mr. Slater married Miss Gladys McMichael, who was born at Ottawa, Illinois, and is the daughter of James and Elm. (Pitzer) McMichael. Her father is a native of Scotland and her mother, of Illinois. George and Gladys Slater have one son, George James, who was born July 15, 1920. Mr. Slater is a staunch republican and a faithful member of the United Brethren Church. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of the Knights of Pythias, Hollman Lodge, of the Kiwanis Club, of the Lorain County Auto Club, and is secretary and treasurer of the F. J. McFadden Company of architects and builders. Mr. Slater is still quite young, and has before him an auspicious and attractive future. THE COLUMBUS EVENING (and Sunday) DISPATCH has for more than fifty years enjoyed a high place among Ohio journalistic enterprises that are influential and prosperous institutions. The Dispatch Printing Company was incorporated in 1871 with $10,000 capital stock. The incorporators were William J. Trevitt, Jr., Samuel Bradford, Timothy McMahon, James O'Donnell, Peter C. Johnson, L. P. Stephens, John M. Webb, J. S. B. Given, C. M. Morris and Willoughby W. Webb. For the most part these men had had practical experience in the newspaper and printing craft work of that day. In 1874 the Dispatch was sold to Capt. John H. Putnam .and Dr. G. A. Doren, and in 1876 it was again sold, this time to Capt. I. D. Myers and William D. Brickell. Captain Myers later sold his interest to Mr. Brickell, who, in turn, transferred the property by sale to Hon. J. J. Gill and associates in 1903. In 1905 Robert F. Wolfe and Harry P. Wolfe purchased the controlling interest, and proceeded to build the institution into the splendid property it is today (1924). Mr. Brickell located the plant at High and Gay streets, a site it has occupied ever since except for two years after a disastrous fire which destroyed the plant in 1907, when the Dispatch was published from the .Beggs Building on High Street. By 1924 the present "new" plant had been outgrown, and the site of the old Young Men's Christian Association on Third Street was purchased and the construction of a new plant begun in the summer of 1924. For twenty-five years the Dispatch has enjoyed the distinction of commanding the services of William A. Ireland, one of the world 's leading cartoonists and artists. In 1924 the executive staff consisted of Robert F. Wolfe, Harry P. Wolfe, George E. Fowler, Arthur C. Johnson, Charles J. Rieker and William A. Ireland. WILLIAM ELMER HALLEY in recent years has become associated with some of the most active groups of men and capital in Ohio, and beyond the field of business his interest and influence have extended into politics. He is a gifted political campaign manager and has conducted several republican campaigns in the state. Mr. Halley was born in Darke County, Ohio, January 31, 1875, son of Levi D. and Carrie L. (Vorhis) Halley. His mother is still living. As a boy he attended a village school in his home county, and was graduated in 1895 from the Greenville High School. He also had several courses in a normal school, and as a young man, in 1898, he volunteered and was with the Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish-American war. For much of the success he has achieved in later years Mr. Halley is indebted to his early training and experience as a newspaper man at Greenville, and he also studied law, though he has never followed it as a profession. From 1907 to 1912 he served five years as postmaster of Greenville, receiving the appointment from President Roosevelt. Since that year his home has been in Columbus. He was elected clerk in 1914 of the Ohio State Senate, and filled that office for two years during the Eighty-first General Assembly. In 1918 he was again elected for the Eighty-third Session, and was reelected in 1920 for the Eighty-fourth Session. At the close of the last term he retired, declining to be a candidate in 1922. Mr. Halley was the campaign manager for Hon. Harry M. Daugherty in the state-wide primary campaign in 1916 for the republican nomination for the United States Senate. In 1918 he managed the republican primary campaign for Hon. Frank B. Willis for nomination for governor. In 1.920 he directed the primary campaign in Ohio for Senator Harding for the presidential nomination. In the field of business Mr. Halley has organized some large and industrial enterprises and is a member of an underwriters' syndicate engaged in. purely financial enterpirses. He had some valuable interests in commercial and manufacturing organizations. January 2, 1910, Mr. Halley married Miss D 'Light Devor, of Greenville, and they have one son, William E. Halley, Jr. A. C. KUHN is one of the well known residents of the beautiful colonial suburb Bexley, where he has been in business for a number of years and is also justice of the peace. He was born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1877, and in 1884, when he was seven years of age, his parents moved to Columbus. He was reared and educated in the capital city, for several years was in railroad work on different roads, being a freight conductor on the Kanawha & Michigan. He was also in the street railway service at Columbus. Mr. Kuhn for thirteen years conducted a very successful dairy business at his home in Bexley. In 1921 he was elected justice of the peace for Marion Township, beginning his official duties January 1, 1922. The amount of litigation in this court has required that he devote most of his time to his duties. He maintains his office adjoining his residence, which is at 681 College Avenue, Bexley, where he has a fine home. Mr. Kuhn is a pioneer in this beautiful suburb of Bexley, which has become one of the finest residential communities in Ohio, built up with magnificent homes owned by wealthy citizens of Columbus. It is also characterized by a fine community spirit. Mr. Kuhn and wife have two children, Harry S. and Bernice Kathryn. ALLISON HILL BABCOCK, one of the superior and reputable business men of Lorain, Ohio, was born at Black River, now Lorain, on the 21st of January, 1874, and is the son of Allison H., Sr., and Mary (Hill) Babcock. The father was a native of New HISTORY OF OHIO - 211 York, but was reared in Michigan and given a fair education in the public schools, and where his first business venture was undertaken. He came to Lorain County at an early date and entered Oberlin College, where he pursued the regular course for some time. This profound study fitted him for the active and exacting duties of life. Soon after reaching maturity he married Mary Hill, whose parents had settled on a farm near Oberlin in an early day, and soon afterward engaged in the retail merchandising business on Broadway in Lorain. He made this business profitable for many years, carried a large stock and furnished at all times large supplies of goods to the vessels on the lakes, enough to last them three months or more. He thus became well and favorably known not only to the officers of the vessels, but to the merchants and residents of the other lake ports. After many years of prominence as a business man and a citizen he sold out his store. His recognized ability and eminence led to his election to the mayoralty of Lorain on the democratic ticket, and he served two terms in masterly fashion. He was a staunch democrat, and took great interest in the success of his party ticket. He was one of the trustees. of the Children's Home at the time of its organization, and was one of the financiers of the Maccabees of the World for the State of Ohio. During the Civil war he served as a member of the Michigan engineers whose duty was to serve the army. After the war he became one of the leaders of the Grand Army of the Republic, and served as commander for many years. He became a large real estate owner at Lorain, and was regarded as one of its most distinguished citizens. He retired from the active duties of life about ten years before his death. His wife was born in Oberlin, Ohio, and his parents were natives of the State of New York. His father was Uriah Daniel Babcock. Allison Hill Babcock, Jr., subject of this memoir, was given a sound education in his youthful days in the common and the high schools. When seventeen years old he opened a retail cigar store in Lorain. He managed to build up quite an extensive and profitable business at Lorain, and continued until he was twenty-five years of age, when he sold out and engaged in the real estate and insurance business, to which the sale of bonds and other securities was added. Ere long the business increased to such an extent that it became incorporated under the name of the A. H. Babcock Company. Since that event Mr. Babcock has been both president and manager. But he has greatly expanded his business doings. In 1904, after mature deliberation, he organized the Hoffman Heater Company, the business of which was to manufacture thermostatic and automatic heaters, principally for domestic use. Since that eventful time the concern has grown so enormously that now they have thirty factory branches throughout the whole United. States from coast to coast. They now export large quantities of products, principally to Japan and the greater part of Europe. At the Pan-American Exposition which was held in San Francisco in 1913 the products of this company won the first honors .or prizes. Mr. Babcock was also one of the organizers and promoters, as well as its vice president and one of its directors, of the Crucible Products Company of Elyria, Ohio, the business of which is to manufacture special alloys and bearings for steel mills, railroads and all large manufacturing industries. Of this concern A. C. Ryan is president; J. G. Dorn, vice president, and Floyd E. Babcock, son of our subject, treasurer, superintendent and director. Allison H. Babcock is president of the Hoffman Heater Company. He is also president of the Fidelity Realty Company of Lorain, and of the Lake View Park Realty Company, which laid out the finest allotments of land along the shore of Lake Erie. This is a superior residence tract and adjoins the city park at Lorain. In October, 1893, Mr. Babcock married Minnie S., daughter of James W. and Amanda (Slaus) Mead. She was born in Cleveland and was given a good education in girlhood. Her father was born in Greenwich, Ohio, and her mother, in Pennsylvania. Their children are as follows: Mildred D., who is a graduate of the Western Reserve University, is now a junior high school teacher in the Lorain schools; Floyd E., who finished his education by graduating from the Saltsburg College in the preparatory course, married Irene Hogan, and they have two children; Leota A. is a high school graduate. Mr. Babcock is a republican, and served seven years as city treasurer. He has been chairman of the republican county committee. He is a Mason, a Shriner, and a member of the Lorain Country and the Lakewood clubs. JAMES A. WHITE. The conspicuous service that has mane James A. White one of the best known men in Ohio has been his work in behalf of prohibition and in the Anti-Saloon League. For seven or eight years he was superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of Ohio, but much earlier than that, while a teacher and practicing lawyer in Barnesville, Ohio, he joined in the cause of a local issue of law and order. Mr. White was born at Bloomfield, in Highland Township, Muskingum County, Ohio, October 13, 1872, son of Alexander H. and Christina (Hammond) White. His father was of sturdy Scotch-Irish descent, of a militant race of people ready to fight for a cause in which their sympathies were enlisted. He was a brave Union soldier throughout the Civil war, a member of Company F of the Seventy-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in the Seventeenth Army Corps. His occupation was farming. James A. White was eighteen years of age when his father died, and for several years he had the heavy responsibility of supporting his widowed mother and the other children. While a boy on the farm he attended the public schools, and later, through his own efforts and earnings, paid his way through Muskingum College, where he earned several degrees. He was graduated Bachelor of Pedagogue in 1898. In, the meantime he had begun teaching, and for seven years he was connected with the schools of Belmont County. In 1905 he received the Bachelor of Science degree and in 1906 the Master of Science degree from Muskingum College, and he graduated from the Law School of the Ohio Northern University at Ada, also in 1906. Both these institutions have since given him the honorary Doctor of Laws degree. Mr. White began the practice of law at Barnes--trine, Ohio, in 1900, but already had taken an official part in the affairs of that community. He served as justice of the peace, and for four terms, from 1898 to 1906, he held the office of mayor of Barnesville. At that time saloons had no legal status in Barnesville but the "blind tigers" places, and Mayor White in the name of law and order led a group of determined citizens, accompanied with officers, and accomplished the destruction of many of the illegal places for the sale of liquor. This has been called. the beginning of the movement which finally placed Ohio in the column of dry states. It was in Ohio that the work of the Anti-Saloon League originated, and in this case its most effective work has been done. What -the Ohio Anti-Saloon League has accomplished has been taken as a model for similar organizations and movements in other states. The headquarters of the American Anti- 212 - HISTORY OF OHIO Saloon League are at Westerville, near Columbus. Mr. White became superintendent of the State Anti-Saloon League in 1915, and he was the leader of the prohibition forces in five state-wide elections to vote Ohio dry. For ten years, up to 1919, he prosecuted yearly about 250 saloon cases. For several years his home has been in Columbus, with offices at 175 South High Street and his residence at 44 Twelfth Avenue. In January, 1924, he resigned as superintendent of the Ohio Anti-Saloon League and entered upon the general practice of law, with offices at 811 Outlook Building, Columbus, Ohio. Mr. White is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, Shriner and Knight Templar, a republican in politics, and twice served as a lay delegate to the general conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church and delegate to the General Conference meeting at Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1924. He is a member of Columbus Athletic Club. On December 1, 1917, he married Miss Myrtle Grow, of Williamstown, West Virginia. They have three children: Thomas A., Mary Virginia and Myrtle Jean. FRANK A. SEIBERLING, inventor, capitalist, philanthropist and manufacturer, was born at Western Star, Ohio, October 6, 1859, son .of John Frederick and Catherine (Miller) Seiberling and a descendant of Michael Seiberling, who came from Stuttgart, Germany, in 1741 and settled near Lynnville, Pennsylvania. John F. Seiberling, father of our subject, was a noted inventor and manufacturer of agricultural implements, including the Excelsior and the Empire mower and reaper, and a twine binder. His inventions did much to revolutionize the world's agricultural industry and through them he became one of the noted capitalists and philanthropists of Akron. Frank A. Seiberling received his preparatory education in the Akron public schools, and was for two years a student at Heidelberg College, Tiffin, Ohio, which institution he left to assist his father in business. Within a few years he became secretary and treasurer of the J. F. Seiberling Company of Akron, which specialized in the manufacture of the Empire Mower and Reaper, employing some 500 men and having an annual sales volume approximating $750,000. Subsequently he was connected with various industrial enterprises, and in 1898 decided overnight to establish a rubber factory. He founded the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company on a borrowed capital of $3,500 in December, 1898, and continued for twenty-three years as chief executive of that company, building it to the industrial giant that it is, with a 1920 sales volume of $205,000,000. The nation-wide business slump of 1920 and 1921 carried Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, with scores of other large industrial companies, into banker control. Mr. Seiberling, in the interests of Goodyear stockholders resigned from Goodyear's presidency in May, 1921, after guide ing Goodyear 's growth for twenty-three years, as stated above. In November, 1921, Mr. Seiberling announced the formation of Seiberling Rubber Company, with factories at New Castle, Pennsylvania, and Barberton, Ohio, with a production capacity of 5,000 tires and 5,000 tubes daily. His new enterprise sprang into immediate national prominence. In 1923 Seiberling Rubber Company showed a sales volume of $5,800,000. Frank A. Seiberling as an inventor designed and is personally responsible for three major developments in the art of tire making—the tire building machine, which he invented in 1903, the straight side tire, which he invented in the same year, and the detachable rim, which he invented in 1905. A pioneer in the development of the cord tire, he is mainly responsible for the present popularity accorded the cord tire type. Mr. Seiberling has been recognized for a quarter of a century as one of the far visioned leaders of the rubber industry. He is affectionately known, as a result of his outstanding contributions to the rubber business, as the "Little Napoleon of Rubber." Ever an enthusiastic believer in the value of truthful advertising, Mr. Seiberling was a major factor in the establishment of the Associated Advertising Clubs of the World, which has contributed so largely during recent years through its National Vigilance Committee and its Better Business Bureaus, to higher standards of merchandising. During the period of the great World war Mr. Seiberling was regional director of the United States Chamber of Commerce, supervising the chamber 's activities in Wisconsin, Illinois and Ohio. As an enthusiast for the great outdoors and all it holds for mankind, Mr. Seiberling is largely responsible for the Lincoln Highway. He was president during 1918 and 1919 of the Lincoln Highway Association and chairman of the highways committee of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States. Seiberling Field, a complete public outdoor athletic plant, situated in East Akron, and rivaling the athletic fields of the nation 's largest universities, bears further witness of Mr. Seiberling's belief that business efficiency is reflected directly from physical fitness, and is but another evidence of his many philanthropies. Goodyear Heights, a model community of 2,000 homes, was conceived by Mr. Seiberling and has been used by many other American industries which have entered sociological welfare work. Each home is built on a separate plan and is different from the others. Goodyear workers during Mr. Seiberling's presidency were enabled to purchase these homes and pay for them on a basis approximating rent. So interrelated and complex are the conditions of modern business that no man can be responsible to himself alone. It was due to Mr. Seiberling's realization of this important principle that Goodyear, during his presidency, introduced numberless social welfare innovations which are merely suggested by the housing program spoken of above. The welfare of the individual worker has been a cardinal principle of Mr. Seiberling's throughout his business career. In the field of education Mr. Seiberling as a Buchtel trustee collaborated to preserve the University of Akron and exerted a major influence in the formation of Akron Municipal University at a time when it was forecast the school must be closed. For many years he has supported financially Lincoln Memorial University, Cumberland Gap, Tennessee, of which he is president of the board of trustees. He is likewise a trustee of Heidelberg, his alma mater. Frank A. Seiberling is a member of the City Club and Portage Country Club of Akron. Politically he is a republican. He finds his chief recreation in farming, in general out-of-door life, hunting, fishing, tennis and golf. He is known to his friends for his democratic manner, his mental alertness, his keen perception and as a good conversationalist. He married at Willoughby, Ohio, October 12, 1887, Gertrude F., daughter of James Penfield, a manufacturer of Willoughby. They have six children—John Frederick, Irene Henrietta, Willard Penfield, James Penfield, Gertrude Virginia and Franklin Augustus Seiberling, Jr. JOHN M. ROOSE is proprietor and owner of the Auto Garage and Sales Company of Canton. He has had more or less active connection with the automobile business since its infancy, and has perfected a fine sales and service organization in his present company at Canton. Mr. Roose was born in Stark County, Ohio, January 2, 1876. As a boy he lived on farms in his HISTORY OF OHIO - 213 native county and in Columbiana County, and acquired a public school education. Mr. Roose has been a resident of Canton for twenty years, since 1903. For two 'years he worked in a grocery store and spent three years in the livery business. He left that to become a representative of the United Tire & Rubber Company, and two years later began handling the Chalmers cars, and is one of the oldest representatives of that car in Northern Ohio. Mr. Roose is a Mason, a member of the Moose and Red Men, and belongs to the Canton Automobile Dealers' Association. He is a republican in politics. THE MOLLY STARK CREAMERY COMPANY is a Canton institution, owned and controlled by men of exceptionally broad experience in the manufacture of milk products, and has developed one of the best equipped creamery plants in Northern Ohio. Throughout this section of the state the butter and other products marketed under the Molly Stark brand have obtained general recognition as the highest standard of quality. The company was organized in August, 1917, and has been in existence for seven years. Since its organization Mr. Carl R. Bader has been general manager, secretary and treasurer of the company. W. T. THOMPSON. A prominent figure in the real estate business at Columbus ten years or more has been W. T. Thompson. Mr. Thompson comes of an old and prominent Ohio family. In early life he was a teacher, and is one of the men of exceptional ability in the Real Estate Association at Columbus. His grandfather, William Thompson, married Nancy Reed, and they came from their native State of Virginia shortly after their marriage, settling at Lebanon in Warren County, Ohio, in 1832. They acquired land just north of Lebanon, and developed a farm from the woods, spending the rest of their days in that community, where they died honored and respected when about seventy years of age. They were members of the old Hardshell Baptist Church of Lebanon. Their son, Joseph J. Thompson, was born at the old homestead, devoted his active career to farming in that locality, and for the past fifteen years has been a retired resident of San Diego, California. While in Ohio he served as the president of the Board of Infirmary Directors. Joseph J. Thompson married Angeline Hoagland, of Fort Wayne, ,Indiana. W. T. Thompson was born at the old home near Lebanon, attended public schools there, and finished his education at the National Normal University at Lebanon, under Professor Holbrook. Mr. Thompson spent six years in educational work, teaching in district and village schools. His connection with the real estate business at Columbus began in 1912. He is a member of the general brokerage firm of Thompson McClure Company. This firm has a complete organization for real estate service, including brokerage, sales and investment department, and also handles building development. Mr. Thompson is also secretary and treasurer of the -Central States Realty Company, a holding company owning an extensive warehouse property in Columbus. Mr. Thompson married Miss Mary Meloy, of Lebanon. She is active in the Woman's Club and the Federation of Woman's Clubs, and belongs to the Realtors' Club, made up of the wives of real estate board members. PHILIP MCDONOUGH. The corporate name Eureka Stone & Marble Company of a prosperous Columbus industry does not reveal the interesting and consecutive connection of one family through many generations with what is the essential feature of the business. The Eureka Stone & Marble Company manufactures what is known as Eureka stone, an Ohio freestone treated with secret process so as to harden the stone, make it non-absorbent, capable of taking a polish, and practically indestructible by heat or electricity. Eureka stone is manufactured primarily for use in the electrical industries, largely for switchboards and panel boards, but the stone also fills a needed demand for other architectural purposes, such as floor tiles, base boards, radiator tops and bases, laundry trays, billiard table tops, butcher stalls, blackboards,• candy making slabs, etc. The McDonoughs for generations have possessed many of the secrets connected with the stone working trades, particularly those involved in the processing of sandstones for building and ornamental work. The founder of the American family was Philip McDonough, who early in the last century came from Manchester, England, to the United States and settled at Petersburg, Virginia. His son, James McDonough, was born at Petersburg. James and his father, Philip, in 1867 moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where they continued in the stone business and developed their enterprise as stone masons on a large scale. At Cincinnati, September 28, 1870, was born Philip McDonough, the present active head of the Eureka Stone & Marble Company at Columbus. He was reared and educated at Cincinnati, and as a young man became associated with the stone business of his father,. James McDonough. He succeeded to this business in 1907, but in 1912 moved to Columbus, which city has since been his home. Here after several years of tireless experiment and research he developed the McDonough stone process for use in the manufacture of the characteristic Eureka stone previously described. Then to manufacture this on a large scale he organized the Eureka Stone & Marble Company, of which he is director and active manager of the plant and its operations. The plant for the treating of the stone and the marketing of the product is at 183 West Maple Street in Columbus. The company also owns ten acres of sandstone quarries near Lithopolis, a few miles from Columbus, and another large acreage near McDermott. For a number of years Mr. McDonough has had associated with him a ,representative of a still younger generation of this remarkable family, his son, Philip McDonough, Jr., who grew up in the business under his father's training, and is thoroughly familiar with all the technical secret processes involved in treating and manufacturing the Eureka stone. He is now factory superintendent of the Eureka Stone & Marble Company. Mr. Philip McDonough, Sr., married Miss Annie Gallagher, of Cincinnati. Philip, Jr., is their only son, but they also have an interesting family of nine daughters. FRANK M. MCCLINTOCK, a well known and popular citizen of Elyria, the judicial center of Lorain County, was born at Grafton, this county, June 5, 1869, a son of Frank and Mary (Chadford) McClintock, the former of whom was born in the State of Pennsylvania, and the latter at Grafton, Lorain County, Ohio, a daughter of Major and Charlotte (Uria) Chadford, representatives of sterling pioneer families of Lorain County, the lineage of the Chadford family tracing back to English origin. Frank McClintock was a son of Col. John and Lucinda (Tennant) McClintock, Colonel McClintock having been born in Scotland and having become a pioneer hotel man in Ohio. In the Civil war period Frank McClintock drove a stage between Cleveland and Medina, and for many years he conducted a livery business at Grafton, Lorain County, where his death occurred in November, 1911, and where his widow 214 - HISTORY OF OHIO still resides, she having been born November 8, 1845. Of the children the eldest is Charles, a resident of Cleveland; Frank M., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; William is deceased; the next two, twin sons, died in infancy; and Homer and Arthur still reside in the old home town of Grafton. In the graded and high schools of Grafton Frank M. McClintock received his early education, and at the age of fifteen years he there found employment in a hotel. He had assisted his mother in the household work of the family home, and she had given him thorough instruction in all kinds of cooking, with the result that he was well fortified as a general cook and was thus employed many years, within which he was for seven years employed at the Park Hotel in the City of Oberlin. For ten years thereafter he conducted a bakery and dining hall in that city, and the next ten years found him proprietor of a hotel at Vermilion, Erie County, where also he owned and operated a bakery and a general store. In December, 1912, Mr. McClintock became chef of the Dusenberry Hotel at St. Petersburg, Florida, he having been engaged for the winter tourist season. On the 12th of December, 1912, he purchased the Hollenbeck Hotel at St. Petersburg, and at the close of the season he assumed active charge of this property, he having conducted the hotel successfully during eleven seasons and having in the meanwhile passed his summers in Ohio. On the 1st of May, 1923, Mr. McClintock sold his Florida hotel property, and he has since continued to occupy his attractive home at 818 Middle Avenue in the City of Elyria. He is a republican in political allegiance, and is a loyal and progressive citizen. August 6, 1893, recorded the marriage of Mr. McClintock and Miss Lucy Kemp, who was born at Camden, Lorain County, May 27, 1871, a daughter of John and Susan (Welburn) Kemp, the former a native of Hull, England, and the latter of Lorain County, Ohio, she having been a daughter of Jesse and Mary Ann (Rockwell) Welburn, the former born in England and the latter in Ohio. In conclusion is given brief record concerning the children of Mr. and Mrs. McClintock : Marie, who was born January 11, 1895, became the wife of Frederick Ladrach, and her death occurred October 18, 1918; Wayne Keith, the younger of the two children, was born August 29, 1900, and remains at the parental home. WILLIAM TRAUTMAN. One of the most interesting as well as profitable business establishments in Columbus is the Foreign Grocery Company, at 1930 South Parsons Avenue. The president of this company is William Trautman, a native of Columbus, and who has made a special career as a man of affairs, having worked at a mechanical trade during his early years. He has been in the grocery business for a number of years, and is also a banker. He was born in Columbus in 1861, son of John and Elizabeth (Hertenstein) Trautman. His father was born in Bavaria and his mother was of Alsatian French parentage. John Trautman was brought when a child to America by his parents, who were among the early German families in Columbus. William Trautman attended the common schools in Columbus, but began work to support himself when only a boy. For some time he was employed in the book store of Synold & Son. Being constantly surrounded with opportunities and invitations to an acquaintance with the best of the. world's literature, he utilized his spare time in reading, judiciously selected, and in that way did a great deal to supplement his education and supply the deficiencies of his early schooling. The trade Mr. Trautman learned was electroplating, and for seventeen years he was foreman of the electroplating department of the M. C. Lilley Company. On giving up his trade he engaged in the grocery business on Livingston Avenue. Mr. Trautman a number of years ago conceived the idea of establishing a wholesale and retail business in groceries appealing particularly to foreigners. The large industrial population of Hungarians and workmen of other nationalities in South Columbus caused him to select as the eligible place for his business South Parsons Avenue. The original store, therefore, was opened on that street early in 1912. He has had as his active associate throughout the existence of this business Mr. Alexander Gaal, a native Hungarian, a man of liberal education and who has command of six of the languages spoken in Southeastern Europe. Both through the personnel of the store and through their stock they have appealed to the foreign trade, and the prosperity of the business is measured by the fact that in 1922 the volume of trade amounted to $400,000. The company handles all classes of merchandise, not only groceries but dry goods, shoes, automobile accessories and acts as steamship agent. Most of the foreigners who trade there are Hungarians, Roumanians, Slays or Belgians. Each of the twenty odd clerks is a linguist, and no employe selling to customers speaks less than three languages. The store is interesting for other reasons than its prosperous trade. It is in effect a clearing house for Americanization, and here the process of adopting foreign customs and standards to the American system is constantly going on. Mr. Trautman is also a director of the Citizens Trust & Savings Bank, one of the largest banking institutions of Ohio, having in addition to the central bank a number of branches in various sections of Columbus. He is vice president of the Jupiter Oil Company, director of the Columbus Oil & Security Company, and a director of the Smith's Scale Company. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and 'the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is a member and trustee of the Columbian Club, which owns historic Columbian Park. Mr. Trautman married Miss Emma Borchers, sister of Mr. Herman Borchers, a well known Columbus business man. They have three children. The two daughters .are. Mrs. Hilda Findley and Mrs. Mildred Hessenauer, the latter a graduate of the Ohio State University. The son, Edwin Trautman, is manager of the Foreign Grocery Company and has been actively identified with the business since it was established. He is himself a master of four languages, and a man of very liberal general education. Before becoming connected with this business he was for six years assistant to Mr. C. B. Galbreath, state librarian and author of the History of Ohio published in these volumes. ORR H. WILLIAMS has been a figure in commercial affairs of Columbus for a number of years, and is now vice president and general manager of the Lancaster Tire & Rubber Company. The business offices of this company are at Columbus and the plant is at Lancaster. The company manufactures automobile tires, tubes and rubber heels. It is a great and rapidly growing business, one that contributes an important volume to the rubber manufacturers of Ohio. While any given figures as to production soon become obsolete, it may be credited that in the spring of 1923 this company had a daily output of 1,200 automobile casings and a like number of tubes and 50,000 pairs of rubber heels. Mr. Williams was born at Dayton, Montgomery County, Ohio, in 1872, and his people for several generations have lived in Franklin County. His parents HISTORY OF OHIO - 215 were William H. and Anna (Hambleton) Williams. His mother was a daughter of Sarah (Galbreath) Hambleton, of the same family as Mr. Charles B. Galbreath, author of this history of Ohio. In 1879 the family moved to the old Williams homestead in Pleasant Township, Franklin County, and there Orr H. Williams was reared. He was educated in "the little red schoolhouse" and attended high school at Reynoldsburg. There he was a pupil under the noted teacher of boys, D. J. Snyder. After his high school work he enrolled as a student in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, where he completed his junior year. His teacher of geometry at Ada was Simeon Fess, the present United States Senator from Ohio. After leaving the university Mr. Williams taught in country schools for a time, and, coming to Columbus, became identified with the West Side Building & Loan Association as secretary. He held this executive position until 1916, and is still a director of the association. Mr. Williams has given practically all his time and attention to the Lancaster Tire & Rubber Company since 1916, and as vice president and general manager has active charge of the Columbus offices. Mr. Williams is a Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Columbus Country Club. In 1903 he married Miss Florence Cockrell, a member of a well known Columbus family of English ancestry. Their five .children are named Doris, Alice, Martha, John and Esther. DALLAS D. DUPRE, JR. This well known citizen of Columbus, who has distinguished himself as a landscape architect and generally as a picturesque artist, was born at Grove City, Franklin County, Ohio, in 1896, and is the son of Dallas D., Sr., and Elizabeth Beatrice (Mitchell) Dupre. Formerly the family resided at Grove City, Franklin County, but a few years ago moved permanently to Columbus. It was in the public schools of this city that he received his early education, passing through the grades and the high school .with undoubted merit and unusual prominence. Determined to go much farther in artistic development, he finally entered the Ohio State University, from which he was graduated in 1916 with distinction in a special course in horticulture and landscape architecture, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Science and Horticulture. While thus engaged in intensive study and having in view the permanent occupation and profession of landscape architecture, he supplemented his university course with practical work and experience in the lawns and the fields. First he took practical lessons in landscape artistry with an expert at Lenox, Massachusetts, and later with the landscape department of a large nursery at Reading, Pennsylvania. All these studies and experiences fitted him for a career of distinction in his chosen and attractive profession. But "Uncle Sam" now came after him. While at Reading, Pennsylvania, when the horrors of the World war were shaking the nation to its foundation, he promptly enlisted in the United States Navy for service during the entire war, and was soon assigned to duty and practice as a torpedo gunner at Newport, Rhode Island, and still later to the Torpedo School at New London, Connecticut. He was in the service for more than a year when the welcome call to peace swept the horrified world, and he received his discharge from the Navy and returned to his home in Columbus and to his alluring and calling profession. In 1922, having recovered his equilibrium from the shock of war, he took up permanently the exacting and attractive duties of his chosen. occupation. By March, 1923, he had completed a handsome building for his own use as an office and studio at 3073 North High Street, in the heart of the North Side residential district. This building is 25 by 40 feet, is a story and a half high, and contains one large room, with a reception hall. A garage also forms a portion of the structure. Mr. Dupre is busy specializing in the beautification of home lawns and grounds and in the general improvement of home gardens, private estates, public institutions and club courses. He has made a splendid beginning in a brilliant art; in view of his thorough training and his artistic genius no one doubts his success in the future. He married Elizabeth Hendle, of Reading, Pennsylvania, member of a distinguished German family that came to this country at a very early date. They have two sons, named Dallas D. Dupre (III), and Charles Hendle Dupre. Although spelling his name differently, the great composer Handel was a member of this family. CHANNING E. JONES is president of the Buckeye Mutual Health Association, one of the most successful and creditable insurance organizations acknowledging Columbus as their headquarters. Its service is confined to accident and health insurance, and it has enjoyed a remarkable growth and prosperity in the seven years since it was founded. Mr. Jones, the president, was born at Mechanicsburg, Champaign County, Ohio, but has lived in Columbus since 1891. For many years he was a traveling salesman, with territory in Ohio and adjacent states. As a traveling salesman he was one of the early members of the United Commercial Travelers, the supreme offices of which are at Columbus. He held all the subordinate chairs and is past grand councillor of Ohio in this great organization. One of the main features of the service of the United Commercial Travelers is accident insurance. As an officer Mr.. Jones became thoroughly experienced in that branch of the business, and in 1917 he and Manly J. Hemmons organized the Buckeye Mutual Health Association, with Mr. Jones as president and Mr. Hemmons secretary and treasurer. The Board of Trustees comprises eight well known Ohions of long-and successful business experience. The company issues policies for both accident and health risks, composed exclusively of business and professional men and women. Funds are used only for the payment of benefits and the necessary expense incident to the conduct of the business and creative reserve fund. The company was established on the favorable basis of having a thoroughly well qualified official personnel, and conservative management, with liberal treatment of policyholders, has insured a steady and rapid growth until this is now one of the large organizations of its kind in Ohio. Mr. Jones is affiliated with Goodale Lodge No. 372, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, is a member of Scioto Consistory of the Scottish Rite and Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is married and has three sons, named Clare Frederick, Robert Stamm and Channing E., Jr. EMERY A. MCCUSKEY is a member of the Canton firm of Herbruck, Black, McCuskey and Ruff. The business at this time represents a general and corporation law practice of large volume and importance. It is one of the leading law firms in Northeastern Ohio. The firm has its offices in the entire upper floor of the George D. Harter Bank Building at Canton. Mr. McCuskey devoted some of his earlier years to education, and was well known both in public school and college :circles. He was born at West Lafayette, Coshocton County, Ohio, November 8, 1877, son of Hiram and Margaret Isabel (Combs). McCuskey. Most of his boyhood years were spent at Hudson, and 216 - HISTORY OF OHIO he graduated from the high school of that Ohio town in 1893. Subsequently he engaged in teaching, and in 1904 graduated Bachelor of Science from West Lafayette College. He was superintendent of schools of Empire, Ohio,: from 1904 to 1906, and was pro- fessor of history in West Lafayette College from 1906 to 1910. In the meantime he was studying law under private instruction, and in June, 1911, was admitted to the Ohio bar and in 1912 was admitted to the United States District Court. From 1911 to 1922 Mr. McCuskey was a member of the firm Fisher & McCuskey at Canton. In 1922 he became a member of the firm Herbruck, Black, McCuskey and Ruff. He has distinguished himself for special abilities in the profession.He served as president of the civil service commission of Canton from 1915 to 1921. Mr. McCuskey is also an active worker and a director of the Canton Chamber of Commerce and various civic organizations. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, is a director of the Young Men's Christian Association, and is a member of Stark County, Ohio State and American Bar associations, and the Commercial Law League of America. He is serving in '1924 as president of the Optimist Club of Canton, Ohio. He is a democrat in politics and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. On June 15, 1905, he married. Miss Margaret George. She died in July, 1923, and is survived by four children, named. Dorothy, Jean, Richard and James. JAMES J. THOMAS was elected mayor of the City of Columbus in 1919 on a platform promising service efficiency On the: part of all directing officials and systematic improvement in all branches of municpal administration. In 1923, when in response to the urging of the most representative business and civic organizations, and prominent individuals of all parties, he consented to become a candidate for reelection it was the rare privilege of his friends and supporters to be able to enumerate a constructive service that fully justified the promises made in his campaign platform. For the difficult part of acting as head of a city government James J. Thomas was qualified by experiences' that brought him from the ranks of a humble son of toil to some of the larger business responsibilities. With the exception of the early months of infancy he 'has been a resident of Columbus all his life. Mr. Thomas was born at Wrexham, Denbeighshire, in North Wales, in 1868, and a year later his parents, David J. and Jane (Jones) Thomas, came to America and settled in Columbus. His parents were honest and industrious people, but never possessed wealth, and the son began doing for himself when a boy. He attended school as long as possible, and among his early working experiences was employment in machine shops, shoe factories, and for a time he drove a grocery wagon and also sold newspapers. Mayor Thomas at the age of seventeen became an employe of the old United States Express Company.. He was in the express service for thirty years, and his fidelity and promptness brought him successive promotions until he was finally general agent for the United States Express Company in Columbus. He held this position until the company went out of business, in August, 1914. Mr. Thomas has been in close touch with municipal affairs at Columbus for over a quarter of a century. He was first elected a member of the City Council in 1897. He served four years and for two years of that period was president of the council. In 1915 he was again a member of the City Council. When the new charter was adopted in 1916, providing for the commission form of government, Mr. Thomas was first city clerk under the new regime, and held that office until 1920, and in the latter year assumed office for his first term as mayor. Mr. Thomas is a republican, but his administration as mayor has been non-partisan, and it is significant that some of the most sincere admirers of his course are men differing from him in politics. As a summary of what many of the best citizens think, the following excerpts from an editorial in the State Journal are to the point : "Now another prominent and influential democrat, Franklin Rubrecht, gives high praise to the character and achievements of the city administration under Mayor Thomas. He says he could not do otherwise and be faithful to his belief in the doctrine of municipal patriotism: We think the great majority of our good citizens feel about the same on this subject as Judge Sowers and Mr. Rubrecht, who have expressed themselves in so manly and gracious a fashion. Mayor Thomas and his chief helpers doubtless have made mistakes and doubtless will make more, but their ideals are high, their purposes good and their judgment clear and sane. That is the impression they have made on the intelligent public after their more than three years of service, and such impressions are usually accurate reflections of the true situation. “ The city is a great business corporation, requiring for its own good management at its head a man of character, patience, industry, sound common sense and proved executive ability, the best man of that type available. It makes no difference under heaven to the mass of the citizens, but only to those interested in the ramifications of the political machine, what his views on national party issues are or whether he calls himself a republican or a democrat. What most of us here in Columbus want is honest, able, economical administration of our municipal affairs, with a little vision in it. We think we have good reason to be satisfied with the work of Mayor Thomas and those closely associated with him, and we do not think they will disappoint us seriously in the future." Mr. Thomas is a prominent Mason, having attained the thirty-third degree, and is a member of Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Columbus; He married Miss Maud Huston, of the capital city, and they have one son, William Huston Thomas. GEORGE F. HINEY, president of the Columbus Builder's Exchange, has made a notable record as one of the prominent young contractors in the capital city. He is a contractor of brick construction, and has to his credit some of the fine work done in that line in Columbus in recent years. He was born at Dayton, Ohio, in 1884, son of James J. and Mary E. (Irving) Hiney. His father was born in New York State, settled when a youth at Dayton, Ohio, and from that city moved to Sandusky. Mary E. Irving was a daughter of Benjamin Irving, who came from New York State as a pioneer to Northwest Ohio, and for many years was a well known resident at Sandusky. George F. Hiney was reared in Sandusky, was educated in the public schools, and also spent a few years of his youth in Cincinnati. He learned the bricklayer's trade, and since 1902 his home and scene of work has been in Columbus. Since engaging in the contracting business in brick construction he has built a large number of modern brick residences, apartment houses, stores and churches. He was a contractor for the Oakland Park Presbyterian Church. He has also supplied the financial and business service as a contracting home builder, building houses and selling them to home owners. His work, both as to construction and quality of materials, is of the highest character, and a successful business has been built up on principles of honor and fidelity to those with whom he contracts. In January, 1924, Mr. Hiney, though one HISTORY OF OHIO - 217 of the younger members, was honored by being elected president of the Columbus Builder 's Exchange. This organization consists of contractors, builders and dealers in building materials, the total value of whose interests aggregate millions of dollars. Next to the Chamber of Commerce it is the most important business organization in Columbus. As presidcnt of the exchange Mr. Hiney's aim is to educate the public to the importance of insuring more substantial and more permanent buildings through placing contracts in the hands of more competent, honest and responsible builders. Mr. Hiney is also a member of the International Mason Contractor 's Association of the United States and Canada. He married Miss Bertha C. Boesiger, of Columbus. Their two sons are James F. and George F. CHARLES EMBREE THORNE. Not only Ohio but national agriculture owes a debt to the scientific and practical study and investigations continued over a period of more than half a century by Charles Embree Thorne, for many years director of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station at Wooster. Mr. Thorne, who is known as a teacher, lecturer and writer on agricultural topics, was born on a farm in Greene County, Ohio, October 4, 1846, son of Elijah and Mary (Charles) Thorne. His father was also born in Greene County, Ohio. The grandparents were William and Rachel (Embree) Thorne. William Thorne was a descendant of the Thorne family that settled on Long Island, New York, about 1650. William Thorne, who was probably born in New Jersey, came to Ohio in pioneer times, locating in Greene County, where he married. Elijah Thorne devoted his entire life to agriculture, and lived in Greene County. His wife, Mary Charles, was born in Wayne County, Indiana, daughter of Samuel Charles, of a family that moved from North Carolina to Indiana. The Charles, Embree and Thorne families were all of the Quaker religion. Charles Embree Thorne, only child of his parents, spent the first thirty-one years of his life in his native county. His early years made him acquainted with every practical detail of farming as then conducted, and from youth he displayed more than ordinary interest in the technical side of farming and the chemical processes involved in agriculture. He was educated in a good district school in his home locality, and during the summer of 1866 attended the Michigan Agricultural College. During 1868-69 and 1869-70 he was a student in Antioch College at Yellow Springs, Ohio. He engaged in farming, and then moved to Columbus to prepare himself for a career of teaching in agriculture. For four and one-half years, from 1877 to 1881, he was farm manager for the Ohio State University farm. In 1890 the Ohio State University conferred upon him the honorary Master of Agriculture degree. From 1882 to 1888 Mr. Thorne was associate editor of the Farm and Fireside, the nationally known agricultural paper published at Springfield, Ohio. In 1882 an agricultural experiment station had been established on the State Farm at Columbus, and in 1887 Mr. Thorne was called to the office of director. In 1892 the Agricultural Experiment Station was moved to Wooster in Wayne County, and he continued his duties as director of the station a period of thirty-four years, finally resigning in January, 1921, and has since been retained as chief of the staff of the department of soil fertility and now devotes most of his time to compiling a vast amount of accumulated statistics on various matters related to soil fertility. Mr. Thorne is author of the book on "Farm Manures," published in 1913, and of many bulletins on the maintenance of soil fertility, having addressed the farmers through such publications at intervals over a period of thirty-five years. He was honored with the office of president of the American Society of Agronomy in 1914-15, was president of the Association of American Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations in 1915-16, and of the Society for the Promotion of Agricultural Science in 1915-16. For several years he has been president of the Wayne Building & Loan Company of Wooster. He is an independent voter. On May 10, 1871, Mr. Thorne married Miss Viola J. Hine, of Berlin Township, Erie County, Ohio. She died March 26, 1924. Their oldest child, Bertram H., died in 1911, at the age of thirty-six. The daughter, Bessie M., is the wife of Dr. George Brooks, a dentist at Greenfield, Iowa. Charles Brooks Thorne, a graduate of the Case School of Applied Science at Cleveland, is now operator of a greenhouse business at Wooster. HARRY A. STEBBINS is active head of a private bank at Creston, Wayne County, which was established by his grandfather and has been conducted by this one family through three generations of successful management. The founder of the seventh family in Wayne County was George W. Stebbins, who came from Massachusetts and settled in Canaan Township, becoming a prosperous farmer of that community. His two sons were William P. and Ira. William P. Stebbins, a native of Wayne County, was a farmer, merchant and banker, living in Creston over forty years. He was the leading man of affairs in that community, and founded there the Stebbins Banking Company, continuing as its active head until his death on November 10, 1908, at the age of seventy-eight. William P. Stebbins married Mary Glime. Thcir two children were Charles A. and Ada G. The daughter, Ada, is now Mrs. John Romick, of Creston. Charles A. Stebbins was born in Wayne County, June 6, 1853, was reared on a farm, took up farming as an occupation, and acquired various business interests, finally succeeding his father as head of the banking company. He died October 27, 1918. Charles A. Stebbins married Mary Viets. His second wife was Kate McGlenen. His three children, by the first marriage, are Harry A., Carl R. and Mildred G. Carl R. died October 12, 1918. Harry A. Stebbins was born at Creston, February 10, 1886, and was well trained in school and at home for important business responsibilities. He is now active head and owner of a private bank of Creston. He married at Creston Ruth N. Simmons, and they have three children, Virginia A., Mary L. and Charles E. GEORGE BRANT WICKENS is a native of Lorain, and since early youth has been associated with the undertaking business, beginning under his father, the late George Wickcns, one of the pioneer undertakers in this section of Ohio. Mr. Wickens is one of the best known members of his profession in America. In his establishment at Lorain he has secured not only the material equipments demanded by the modern ideas of the profession, but in an unsurpassed degree has provided the quiet dignity and comforting service that is the greatest achievement of the funeral director. Mr. Wickens was born in Lorain, June 10, 1876. His father, George Wickens, was born in England in 1853, and in 1873 located at Lorain, having come from St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. He married Elizabeth Chapman, who was born at Lorain in 1855, daughter of a pioneer, James Chapman. James Chapman came from Germany and settled at what was known as Black River, now the City of Lorain, about 218 - HISTORY OF OHIO 1837. George Wickens after coming to Lorain was engaged in the draying business, and in 1878 took up the work of his trade as a carpenter and began building contracting. He erected a number of the substantial structures in this vicinity. It was in 1883 that George Wickens established his undertaking business, and thereafter he was devoted to his calling until his death in March, 1908. He was also interested in public affairs, serving one and one-half terms as mayor. His children were : George B., William, deceased; Mrs. Elizabeth Lewis, of Lorain, and Edward M., who is a furniture merchant at Lorain. George Brant Wickens was educated in the grammar and high schools of Lorain, finishing his high school course with the class of 1895. He has served as secretary, treasurer and president of the High School Alumni Association. Since he was twelve years of age he has been identified in some capacity with the undertaking profession. In 1908, after the death of his father, The Wickens Company was organized, and lie served as its first president. After two years he sold his share of the business to his brother and sister. Since then lie has given his sole attention to the George B. Wickens Company, Limited, funeral directors. Two years ago he purchased one of the fine old homes at Lorain, and by refurnishing, rearrangement and redecoration, has converted it into the " Wickens Memorial," the only institution of its kind dedicated as a memorial. A tablet at the entrance dedicates it to the memory of his father, George Wickens, one of the pioneers in the undertaking profession. Mr. Wickens spared no expense in making this one of the most complete institutions of its kind in the country. December 28, 1898, Mr. Wickens married Mary S. Merrit, who was born on the Isle of Jersey in the English Channel. By this marriage he is the father of two children: Gladys, wife of Roy Antes, of Warren, Ohio ; and George Brant, Jr., of Girard, Ohio. In November, 1918, Mr. Wickens married Louise Becker, who was born at Norwalk, Ohio, daughter of Henry Becker. Her first husband was Roy Gardncr, and by this marriage she has two children, Thelma and Donald. Mrs. Wickens has had a wide experience in funeral directing, and has charge of the woman's and children's department of the Wickens Memorial. Mr. Wickens is a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church, was on the town council of Lorain three and one-half years, and is regarded as one of the city 's most progressive and able public men. He is a republican, and fraternally is affiliated with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Loyal Order of Moose, Modern Woodmen of America, Woodmen of the World, Knights of the Maccabees, and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He belongs to the American Insurance Union, the Fraternal Aid Society, National Protective Legion, the Lorain Automobilc Club and has been prominent in the National Funeral Directors Association, serving as chairman of its insignia committee and he was responsible for the adoption of the purple cross as the official emblem of the association. Mr. Wickens is a man of talent in literary lines, and since 1913 has written much both in verse and prose. He is a member of the Press Reporting Syndicate of St. Louis, the Fleeman's Identification Bureau at St. Joseph, Missouri, and his taste and study have made him an authority on paintings, engravings and sculpture. He has secured many fine works of art that adorn the rooms of the Wickens Memorial. ROBERT JAMES BAIRD, M. D. A practicing physician for nearly forty years in Wayne County, Doctor Baird, of Creston, has a most honorable record in his profession. For many years he has been a specialist. He was born at Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1853, but has lived in Ohio most of his life. He is a member of an old American family. His ancestry runs back through many generations. The Bairds were of Scotch and Irish ancestry. The first member of the family of whom there is record was John Gregor Baird. His son was John Baird, Jr. James, of the third generation, came from Ireland to America about 1720, first living in New Jersey and then in Pennsylvania. Robert, of the fourth generation, became an American soldier in the war for independence. The grandfather of Doctor Robert James Baird was Alexander Baird. Enoch French Baird, father of Doctor Baird, was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, March 1, 1817, and married Elizabeth Barclay. In the spring of 1854, when their son Robert J. was about six months old, the family came to Ohio and settled in Beverly, Washington County. Enoch French Baird was a teacher and a minister of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. He taught and lived for a short time in Kentucky, but at the outbreak of the Civil war returned to Ohio, and engaged in educational work at Zanesville, and later was pastor of the Congregational Church at Plymouth, then at Martinsburg, and for twenty-three years at York, Ohio, where he died December 14, 1896. Robert James Baird was the only son in a family of six children. When he was twenty years of age he went to Medina County, Ohio, and his public school education was supplemented by one year in Oberlin Academy, now Oberlin College. For nine or ten years he was a teacher in country districts. Doctor Baird graduated in medicine from Western Reserve University at Cleveland in 1885. For seven years he was located at Rittman, in Wayne County, and since then at Creston. He did the general practice of a country physician for many years, but for the past fifteen years has confined his work largely to eye, ear, nose and throat. He did post-graduate work in these lines in Chicago and Boston. Doctor Baird is a member of the Wayne County and Ohio State Medical societies, is a rcpublican voter, a Presbyterian and a member of the Masonic Order and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In 1874 he married Miss Emma K. Fenn, of Medina County. They have three children: Robert L., a graduate of Oberlin College, and a high school teacher at Cleveland; Mildred M., wife of L. W. Borton, of Albany, Alabama ; and Edward F., of Albany, Alabama. JOSEPH OWEN FRITZ, prosecuting attorney of Wayne County, has earned every step of his progress in a successful career as a lawyer. He is a member of one of the oldest and most prominent pioneer families of Wayne County. He was born at Shinersburg, in the Rittman community of Milton Township, Wayne County, November 6, 1872, son of Elmore and Jemima (Bartholomew) Fritz. He is a descendant of Martin Fritz, who was born in Alsace, France, in 1757. In 1771, when f our-teen years of age, he came to America. He had no money to pay his passage, and when he arrived in New York harbor the captain of the vessel, as was the custom then, sold him for his passage money to a man named Ray, in whose service he remained for three years as an indentured servant. About the time he had completed his time the colonies arose in revolt against the mother country, and he enlisted in the war for independence and served five years. He was in many battles, including Brandywine, and completed the full time of his enlistment. After leaving the army he went to Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, and married Catherine Wildt. Not long afterward they moved out to the frontier of civilization in HISTORY OF OHIO - 219 Venango County in Western Pennsylvania, and in 1814 they came still further west, to Wayne County, Ohio. Their arrival in June, 1814, made them the first family of white settlers in what is now Milton Township of Wayne County. Martin Fritz was then fifty-seven years of age. He had a large family, but with all the determination and courage of a much younger man he set about the task of making a home in the wilderness. The country was still filled with wild beasts and Indians, and in his journey he could follow the trails and roads of that time only up to within four miles of the land he had selected, and from that point had to cut his own road through the woods. He built a log cabin, and with the aid of his children developed one of the early farms of Wayne County. He reached the venerable age of ninety-four, passing, away in 1851, while his wife survived him twelve years. They were members of the Methodist Church. Their children were John, Jacob, Martin, Peter, Philip, Jeremiah, Betsey, Catherine, Sarah, Anna and Susan. Their son Philip Martin, who entered the ministry of the Methodist Church and served it long and faithfully, was born in Venango County, Pennsylvania, June 29, 1804, and was about ten years of age when the family settled in Wayne County, Ohio. On July 27, 1831, he married Mary A. Long, also a native of Pennsylvania. Their six children were : Catherine, Jacob, John, Michael, Elmore and Margaret Jane. Elmore Fritz, father of the Wooster attorney, and grandson of the Revolutionary soldier and Ohio pioneer, was born in Milton Township, Wayne County, August 6, 1842. His home throughout his life was within the boundaries of his native township. He was tall and athletic, loved the open, and as a young man learned the mechanical trade of carriage trimmer. For several years he was a member of a company that manufactured carriages, wagons, plows and other farm implements at Shinersburg or Rittman. After retiring from this business he engaged in farming, and was sixty-eight years of age when he died, in 1910. On July 4, 1869, he married Jemima Bartholomew, who was born in Summit County, September 11, 1851, and is now seventy-two years of age. Her parents, Owen and Leah (Mills) Bartholomew, were natives of Pennsylvania and settled in Summit dounty, Ohio, about 1840, and subsequently removed to Wayne County. Leah Mills Bartholomew, the maternal grandmother of Joseph Owen Fritz, was one of the remarkable women of her time. After the death of her husband she declined to live with her children, asserting her independence and her ability to make her own way in the world. Her portion of the estate amounted to about $400 in cash. Taking this, at the age of seventy-two, she moved to Medina, Ohio, and bought a home, making a partial payment on it, and in a short time sold the property at a profit. She repeated this with other properties; and when some years later she died at the age Of eighty-eight, she owned without encumbrance a fine farm of eighty acres, with considerable live stock. Joseph Owen Fritz, who was one of the .seven children of Elmore and Jemima Fritz, was reared in the Rittman community of Wayne County, and finished his high school course there. For two years he attended old Wadsworth College, an institution no longer in existence, studying bookkeeping and stenography. He paid his expenses while in that school, and subsequently, while working as a stenographer in the office of Judge Adair at Wooster, studied law and in 1899 passed a successful examination for the bar before the Supreme Court at Columbus. For two and one-half years he practiced law at Creston in Wayne County, and since October, 1892, has been a prominent member of the Wooster bar. Mr. Fritz served as city solicitor of Wooster during 1912-13, and for five years, beginning in 1916, was referee in bankruptcy. In 1922 he was elected county prosecutor for Wayne County, and has made a splendid record for law enforcement. Mr. Fritz is a democrat, is a past grand officer of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and represented his lodge in the Grand Lodge in 1923, and is also a member of the Moose, the Sons of the American Revolution and is a member of the Lutheran Church. In 1899 he married Miss Clementine Kick, of Ashland, Ohio. They have a family of six children, named' Ward Anderson, Myrna, Carl, Philip, Elmore and Ruth. The son Ward Anderson Fritz is a graduate of Wooster High School and of Wooster University. He was a member of the Students Army Training Corps at Wooster during the World war, and is now twenty-four years of age and principal of the high school at Shreve, Ohio. CHARLES ALBERT WEISER. Few Ohio men who have achieved the real dignity and substance of success started with fewer exterior advantages than Charles Albert Weiser, of Wooster, for a quarter of a century a practicing attorney and former probate judge of Wayne County. Mr. Weiser was born in one of the coal mining communities of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, July 23, 1861. His father, John Christian Weiser, to avoid the compulsory military service in his native country of Germany, left there and settled in Pennsylvania, where he met and married Angella Theresa Knauss. She was born in Lehigh County, daughter of Paul Knauss. The Knauss family were also of German origin, and were among the early pioneers of Pennsylvania, where they were long residents. John C. Weiser was a miner, and spent all his married life in Lehigh County. Charles Albert Weiser was one of a family of four sons and four daughters, .and he was reared in the mining district, attending the Pennsylvania public schools. At the age of seventeen he left there and coming to Wayne County, Ohio, he found himself among strangers and earned his first recognition by his ability to work on a farm. After a time he was able to engage in farming on his own account, and at the age of twenty-one he.married and settled down to farming as a regular vocation. The farm, however, was not destined to hold him, since he possessed talents that when developed brought him to public attention. He was extremely interested in public affairs as a youth, was well read, well informed, and while living on the farm he was elected as democratic candidate to the State Legislature. He served in the Sixty-ninth General Assembly of Ohio and again in the Seventy-first Assembly. His contact with the Legislature and the public men of Ohio caused him to take up the study of law privately, and in the intervals of his farm work he continued his studies, finally graduating in law from the Ohio Northern University at Ada. He passed the examination and was admitted to the bar in 1898. In the spring of 1899 he moved to Wooster, and for a quarter of a century has been an active member of the bar of that city. He served eight years as probate judge of Wayne County, from 1913 to 1921. For seven years he was president of the City Council, was president of the Board of Trade two years, and during the World war was president of the Local Council of National Defense, doing all in his power to raise funds and promote war activities. He was also a trustee of the Red Cross. For thirty-five years he has been affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, is a member of the Reformed Church, and all matters that are of concern to the good citizen are of concern to him. In 1882 Judge Weiser married Miss Malinda Bell Shaffer. She was born and reared in Wayne County, her father being John Shaffer, and her mother of another pioneer family, the Sickmans. Judge and 220 - HISTORY OF OHIO Mrs. Weiser had six children. John E., of Wooster, is secretary and general manager of the Bauer Manufacturing Company, and is secretary of the Wooster Board of Trade. Forest A., the second son, is a traveling salesman, with home at Cleveland. Clyde L. is a shoe merchant at Orville, Ohio. Bessie Zelma married W. A. Wagner, of Wooster. Glenn V., now a resident of Denver, Colorado, is a veteran of the World war, having volunteered in the early part of 1917, and as a cornetist enlisted as a musician, and was assigned to duty with the Headquarters Company of the Thirty-seventh Division, following the fortunes of that division to its campaigns in France and Belgium, and since the war has been an active member of the American Legion Post. The youngest child of Judge and Mrs. Weiser is Perry Wayne, whose home is at Canton, Ohio. CARLOS GRANT WILLIAMS, director of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station at Wooster, has been a prominent influence in Ohio agriculture for many years, at first as a local leader and contributor to the agricultural press, and now for over twenty years as an official in the agricultural experiment station. Mr. Williams was born in Gustavus, Trumbull County, Ohio, January 18, 1863, son of Carlos A. and Elmina (Moore) Williams, his father a native of Connecticut and of old Colonial ancestry. His mother was born in Ohio. His parents spent all their lives as farmers in Trumbull County, where his father died in 1879, leaving seven children. Carlos Grant Williams was sixteen years old when his father died, and then took active charge of the home farm. By personal experience he knows all the problems of the practical farmer. He was educated in country schools and in the Gustavus Academy, whcre he completed a literary and scientific course. For several years he taught a country school during six months of the year, the while he spent the summer seasons as a farmer. He early became interested in the scientific side of farming, both as an observer and as an experimenter, and for a number of years was a lecturer over the state at Farmers' Institutes. He wrote for a number of periodicals on agricultural subjects, including the County Gentleman, the Rural New Yorker and the Ohio Farmer. On January 1, 1903, Mr. Williams came to the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station as chief of the department of agronomy, and has been head of that department now for over twenty years. In January, 1921, he was made director of the station. The station is organized for its work in ten departments, including agronomy, animal husbandry, botany, chemistry, dairying, entomology, farm management, forestry, horticulture and soils. The plant at Wooster consists of about 700 acres of state-owned land, with office buildings, laboratories, barns and miscellaneous buildings needed in the station's work. The station also has supervision and operation of other tracts of land, including state forest tracts, there being a total of over 2700 acres in experiment farms, and over 10,000 acres in state forests. It is not too much to say that every farm in Ohio has been directly or indirectly influenced for good through the work carried on in various departmcnts comprising the expcriment station. In addition to the hundreds of practical farmers who observe directly the work done on the various experimental tracts, the results are also describcd in detail in bulletins, of which some 400 have been published. Mr. Williams himself is the author of ten technical bulletins and is joint author of eight others. He has been a contributing editor to the Ohio Farmer since 1908. In 1913 hc was appointed one of the four agricultural commissioners of Ohio, serving in that office two years. At the time of the World war he was appointed a member of the Ohio Council of Defense and president of the Wayne County Red Cross. He is a director of the Peoples Savings & Loan Company of Wooster, of the Commercial Banking & Trust Company of Wooster, and is a trustee of the Wooster Public Library. He votes as a republican, is a member of the Congregational Church, and is a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the Grange and Rotary clubs. He married in 1896 Miss Mayme Elder, who was born at Johnsonville, in Trumbull County, Ohio, and is of Scotch ancestry. They have three children, Margaret, Ruth and Robert. The two daughters are graduates of Oberlin College, where the son is also attending. ASBURY DURBIN METZ. In forty-five years of active membership in the Wayne County bar, Mr. Metz long since achieved a place among the leaders in his profession, a man whose intellect and substantial attributes of character have marked him as an unusual type of useful citizen. He was born at Wooster, July 24, 1852, son of Jacob and Susan A. (Myers) Metz, and grandson of Adam Metz, a native of Pennsylvania and of Dutch ancestry. Jacob Metz was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, in 1806, and came to Ohio in early manhood. In 1845 he and Susan Myers were married at Millbrook in Wayne County, and for their honeymoon they traveled by stage and canal both to New York City. Jacob Metz was for thirty-seven consecutive years engaged in the shoe business at Wooster, and all of that time his store was in the same building. He finally sold out in 1875, and he died at Wooster in 1886. His business career was an example of a bcginning with small resources and the gradual achievement of substantial means. Susan Myers was born in Frederick, Maryland, her father being a pioneer in Wayne County, Ohio, and she reachcd the venerable age of ninety years. She was the mother of five children: Finley, of Decatur, Illinois; Mrs. Clara Myers, a widow, living at Akron; A. Durbin; Frank, deceased; and Anna, of Wooster, widow of Dr. John A. Gann, who was one of the prominent physicians of that city. The father of these children was an active democrat, and with his wife was a member of the Methodist Church. Asbury Durbin Metz now owns the old homestead where he was born and reared. After attending the public schools he entered Wooster College, and was graduated Bachelor of Arts in 1874. Subsequently he studied law in Wooster, was admitted to the bar in 1879, and has conducted a general law practice through all the years since then. In politics he is a democrat. He served from 1888 to 1894 as prosecuting attorney of Wayne County; and was a presidential elector in 1912 and a delegate to the National Convention at St. Louis in 1916. He has been a trustee of the Wooster Public Library and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Metz in 1888 married Miss Elizabeth Gann, who died in 1895. She is survived by one daughter, Mary, who graduated from Wellesley College in 1912, and is now a teacher in the Wooster public schools. HON. ROBERT L. ADAIR, present state senator from Wayne County, has practiced law in his native county for over thirty years, and the honors and responsibilities given him indicate his high standing as a lawyer and his personal integrity of character. Judge Adair was born on a farm near Wooster, February 2, 1869, and is the only one of the four children of Anderson and Emeline (Yocum) Adair HISTORY OF OHIO - 221 now living in Ohio. His grandfather, Patrick Adair, was of Scotch-Irish lineage and was an early settler in Wayne County, where he spent the rest of his life. He was a soldier in the War of 1812. Anderson Adair was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and was a child when brought to Ohio. His active career was spent as a farmer, and he reached the age of eighty years. His wife, Emeline Yocum, was born in Ashland County, Ohio, and lived to be ninety-two. They were plain living, plain thinking and highly respected people. As a family the Adairs have been democrats in politics and Presbyterians in church faith, though Senator Adair is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Senator Adair besides the lessons learned in the district schools derived a substantial part of his training from the discipline of the farm during his youth. In 1891 he graduated with the Master of Arts degree from Wooster University, and his alma mater subsequently bestowed upon him the Master of Arts degree. His law studies were conducted in the office of Critchfield and Adair, the younger member of which law firm at Wooster was his brother, and the two brothers were subsequently associated in practice for a number of years under the firm name of Adair & Adair. Robert L. Adair was admitted to the bar in 1893, and for two years practiced at Orrville, but then returned to Wooster. He was elected probate judge of Wayne County in 1899, and reelected, serving six years and handling the important office with a degree of skill derived both from his knowledge of the law and his experience with human nature. Since 1908 Judge Adair has been associated in the law firm of Kean and Adair of Wooster. Two years he was city solicitor of Wooster. In 1922 he was the successful democratic candidate for election to the State Senate, and as a member of the Senate he has exemplified those characteristics that distinguished him in other affairs, a sincere conviction of right and justice and an eminent desire to work for the good of the greatest number. Judge Adair is a Royal Arch Mason, a mcmber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and the Moose, and is a member of the Wooster Board of Trade and the Rotary Club. In 1908 he married Miss Mary Campbell, of Indianapolis, Indiana. They have two daughters, Mary Eleanor and Dorothy Louise. EDWARD C. SHARFENACKER is one of the coal merchants of the City of Columbus, being president of the Burns Coal Company. The original incorporator of this business and the first president was Lawrence Burns, who in a short time was succeeded by Mr. Sharfenacker. His company has its main offices at 1121/2 South High Street, and operates three retail yards, on West Town Street, North Fifth Avenue, and Woodland Avenue. With five trucks and over twenty employes the company delivers upwards to 30,000 tons annually, and the business is one showing a steady and prosperous growth. Mr. Sharfenacker was born in Athens County, Ohio. His home has been at Columbus for sixteen years. He represents a coal mining family, though his own experience did not extend to the practical work in the mines. Several of his brothers are well known coal operators. Mr. Sharfenacker married Miss Gertrude Oestricher, and they have one daughter, Clarice. WILLIAM JEFFERIES ROYCE was a resident of Lorain during his later years. His widow, now living in that city, is connected with some of the old and historic families of Northern Ohio. The late Mr. Royce was born in Canandaigua, New York. He became a carpenter by trade. His first wife was a Miss Burns, who died at Canandaigua. For several years he lived at McKeesport, Pennsylvania, and in 1906 moved to Lorain. In Lorain, December 29, 1908, he married Sarah Belle (Clemons) Hummer. Mrs. Royce was born at Marblehead, Ohio, January 24, 1862, daughter of Winslow Hollister and Adeline Matilda (Napier) Clemons, hcr father a native of Sandusky, Ohio, and her mother of Ashtabula. Her paternal grandparcnts, Alexander and Ann (Hollister) Clemons, were natives of Connecticut, early settlers of Sandusky, and, moving to Ottawa County, Ohio, founded the town of Marblehead, famous for its limestone quarries. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Royce were Benjamin and Erepta (Landon) Napier. They settled as squatters on what is now Kelley 's Island in Lake Erie. Benjamin Napier was the first settler there. He owned and was captain of a sailing ship. While they were in undisputed possession of the island John Kelley arrived there, and going to Mrs. Napier while her husband was away on a cruise, informed her that her husband lay at the point of death at Sandusky. He accompanied and assisted her with all her belongings across the channel to Sandusky. Kelley then returned and took possession of the Napier place as a squatter, and thus the real pioneers there were rendered homeless. Some years later when Kelley was at the point of death, he called the Napier family to him and asked their forgiveness, which with a great deal of justice was refused. Napier was a direct descendant of an old English family. William J. Royce died in May, 1911. Mrs. Royce during the life of her first husband lived at Lakeside and for eighteen years at Lorain. Her husband was a riveter at the shipyards. By her first marriage Mrs. Roycc had two children, Ethel dying at the age of seven years. Her daughter Ruth is the wife of Lyman Guisinger, and of their two children Clara Belle lives with Mrs. Royce, and Robert with his father. After the death of Mr. Royce Mrs. Royce owned property on Hamilton Street and operated a rooming house there for thirteen years. She finally sold this property to the Lorain School Board. She then bought from Judge William E. Thompson, common pleas judge of Lorain County, his fine residence at 219 Sixth Street, and there she continues a rooming house. She adopted her granddaughter, Clara Bclle Guisinger, in 1921. Mrs. Royce was educated in the public schools of Marblehead and attended a Normal School at Port Clinton, Ohio. She is a Methodist, a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, is independent in politics and is affiliated with the Rebekahs and the Eastern Star. CLARENCE GARFIELD HERBRUCK. A Canton attorney since 1903, Clarence G. Herbruck is a business and corporation lawyer, and his abilities have brought him active associations with and interests in some of the leading financial and industrial corporations of his native city and state. Mr. Herbruck is a grandson of a well remembered Canton minister, Rev. Peter Herbruck. Rev. Peter Herbruck was born in Bavaria, Germany, and as a boy came to Ohio. In 1832, when a little over nineteen years old, he became pastor of the Reformed Church in Canton, and with increasing ability he served that church from 1832 to 1886, a period of fifty-four years. He died in 1895, aged eighty-two. Clarence Garfield Herbruck was born at Canton, August 18, 1880, son of Charles W. and Elizabeth Herbruck. His father was born in Canton, in Janu- 222 - HISTORY OF OHIO ary, 1851, and his mother, at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in December, 1850. Clarence G. Herbruck received all his formal schooling in the public schools of Canton. He studied law with the firm of Welty and Albaugh, and was admitted to the bar in 1903. From the first he has devoted his time almost exclusively to business and corporation law. For a number of years he was alone in practice, but is now senior member of the firm Herbruck, Black, McCuskey & Ruff. This firm occupies the entire top floor of the new George D. Harter Bank Building. Mr. Herbruck is a member of the board of directors of most of the important manufacturing and financial concerns of Stark County. He is a director and active in the management of the George D. Harter Bank, the largest financial institution of the county. He is a director of the First National Bank of Louisville, Ohio, is a director of the Central Steel Company of Massillon, one of the largest steel plants of its kind in the country, and is a director of the Hoover Company, the world's largest manufacturer of suction cleaners. He has also been one of the officials of the Canton Daily News Printing Company. Few men twenty years from the date of their admission to the bar achieve such a substantial place in a great business community like Canton. Mr. Herbruck is president of the Canton Water Commission, and has interested himself in a number of civic movements. He is a republican, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and also a member of the York Rite bodies at Canton, being a member of Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Cleveland. He is a member of the Brookside Country Club, the Congress Lake Club, the Lakeside Shrine Country Club, the Canton Club, the Union Club of Cleveland, and the Brookside Saddle Club. He has done some important committee work for the Canton Chamber of Commerce, and is a member of the Stark County Bar Association and the Ohio State Bar Association. Mr. Herbruck is a widely traveled man, having been abroad many times, and recently returned from a trip through the Holy Land and the Near East. On September 19, 1911, at Canton, he married Miss Frances Alexander, daughter of Henry A. and Louisa Alexander. They have two sons: Henry A. Herbruck, born June 3, 1914, and Charles G. Herbruck, born in 1917. L. E. AND C. W. MEDICK are Ford and Lincoln car dealers at 2691 North High Street. They established this business at Columbus August 10, 1922, erecting a splendidly equipped garage, salesroom and service station, a building 137x127 feet. They have about fifty employes, and offer the complete Ford service. L. E. Medick, senior member of the firm and father of C. W. Medick, has for two years been associated with C. F. Johnson in the real estate business, and for twenty-two years was with the Columbus Merchandise Company. He was born at Milford Center, Ohio, and for more than twenty years has lived at Columbus. His son, C. W. Medick, was born near Worthington, Ohio, and is a graduate of the Commerce College of Ohio State University, and has also taken the law course. CHARLES F. JARVIS, whose home was in Lorain County for many years, was an honored soldier of the great rebellion, and both he and his widow, who now lives at Lorain, were of a family with many military connections. The late Mr. Jarvis was born in Southern Ohio, March 31, 1833, son of John and Keziah Jarvis. John Jarvis' father was a soldier in the Mexican war. When Charles F. Jarvis was thirteen years old his mother died, and after that he took care of himself. He had a limited common school education, but proved a man of industry, skill and proficiency. For several years he was a sailor on the Great Lakes. When the Civil war came on he enlisted in the Sixth Michigan Volunteer Infantry, and was in service until the close of the war. After the war and his marriage he moved to Waupaca County, Wisconsin, where he followed the trade of carpenter for fifteen years. Returning to Ohio, he located at Lorain, and for many years was one of the skilled carpenters and builders of this vicinity. He followed his trade with the exception of two seasons, when he again became a sailor. Mr. Jarvis built a fine home at Lorain. He died an honored and respected citizen of this locality July 7, 1908. For three years he held the office of city assessor, and was long prominent in the Grand Army of the Republic, serving as commander of his local post. He was a republican and a member of the United Brethren Church. On September 26, 1863, Mr. Jarvis married Orlena Moore. Mrs. Jarvis was born in Essex County, New York, February 26, 1838, daughter of Joseph and Ruth (Sheldon) Moore. Her father was born in Southwick, Massachusetts, and her mother in New York State. Her paternal grandparents were Joseph and Hannah (Miller) Moore, both natives of New England. Joseph Moore was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, enlisting at the age of fourteen. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Jarvis were Daniel and Phoebe (Green) Sheldon, natives of New York State and Quakers. The father of Mrs. Jarvis was a soldier in the War of 1812. Mrs. Jarvis is a member of the Woman's Relief Corps, and has held all the offices in the local organization at Lorain. She is also a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. After the death of Mr. Jarvis she lived at the old home for a time, then with her children in Coshocton County, and since November, 1922, has lived with her niece, Mrs. Millie Smith, at 1400 West Nineteenth Street in Lorain. Mrs. Jarvis became the mother of four children: Flora E., now deceased; Charles Alpheus, of Coshocton County; Bertha E., wife of Emil Barshaw, of Lorain; and Ralph H., of Lorain. ROSCOE T. SHARER is president of the J. H. Sharer & Sons Company, the oldest and largest home furnishing house in Northern Ohio, located at Alliance. The business was founded over eighty years ago, and three successive generations of the Sharer family have been its responsible executors, the first being Philip Sharer, the second, J. H. Sharer & Son, and now Roscoe T. Sharer, a son of J. H. Sharer. Philip Sharer was born near Manheim, Germany, arrived in New York August 1, 1837, and after tramping through New Jersey and Pennsylvania secured work at 373/2 cents a day at Adamsburg, Pennsylvania, at his trade as a carpenter. He was also a skilled cabinet maker, having those all around qualifications found in the old time mechanic when practically every article of furniture and all woodwork in house-building was finished by hand labor. During the four years he spent at Adamsburg, Pennsylvania, Philip Sharer married, and on October 1, 1841, with his wife, he arrived in a one-horse wagon at Freedom, then the vilage name of the community which is now the City of Alliance. He started work as a cabinet maker in a small shop, making furniture and other finished woodwork, and conducted business over forty years, finally retiring in 1882. He died in 1889. His associate in business for many years and finally his successor was J. H. Sharer, who was born at Freedom, later Alliance, July 1, 1842, the oldest of the twelve children of his parents. In such a HISTORY OF OHIO - 223 large household it became necessary for him to go to work as soon as age and strength permitted. He had secured a limited education in the local schools, and at the age of seventeen, in 1859, he went to work in his father's shop. Three years later, on August 8, 1862, he enlisted in Company F of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and saw service with his regiment in Tennessee and other states. In May, 1864, he was made leader of the regimental band, and continued as principal musician until his honorable discharge on July 5, 1865. J. H. Sharer was a man of versatile gifts, being a thorough musician, a man of solid learning in spite of his lack of opportunities, and a citizen of splendid integrity. After the war he rejoined his father in business, in 1868 was made a member of the firm, which became Philip Sharer and Son, and in 1882, when his father retired, he continued the business under his individual name as J. H. Sharer. He continued as sole proprietor until 1898, then his son, Roscoe T., joined him, and the business was J. H. Sharer & Son until 1909, when it was incorporated as the J. H. Sharer & Son Company. All the old time furniture and cabinet making shops made burial caskets, and the cabinet maker was almost invariably the local undertaker. J. H. Sharer became one of the prominent men in the undertaking profession of .Ohio, and did much to raise the standards of qualifications of his profession. In June, 1881, he was made secretary of the first State Association of Undertakers, filling that office eight years and for two years was president, and he was made a delegate and in 1886 chairman of the National Executive Committee, and then was chosen secretary for ten years and two years as president of the national body. In 1901 he was chairman of the committee to secure the enactment of better regulations governing the embalming profession in Ohio, and his work was largely responsible for the embalmers' law passed in 1902. As secretary of the Board of Examiners he looks after the details of the examination of 1,500 embalmers in Ohio. In his own career as an undertaker he conducted more than 5,000 funerals. J. H. Sharer became a charter member of the Grand Army of the Republic in 1866, and for fifteen years was on the Stark County Soldiers' Relief Commission. He served eight years as master of Alliance Lodge of Masons, was also a republican in politics and a member of the Presbyterian Church. J. H. Sharer married in 1868 Miss Mary L. Hartzell. The children of their marriage were : William P., John C., Roscoe T., Mrs. W. H. Morgan, Mrs. E. E. Brosius and Grace. Roscoe T. Sharer in the twenty-five years he has had an active share in the business has done much to expand and improve its scope. Recently he completed a five-story and basement brick building on the same lot where his grandfather started business in 1841. This is a large store, carrying a complete stock of house furnishings, and has a completely motorized funeral and undertaking service. WILLIAM H. SCHIBLEY, banker and leader for many years of civic and business affairs, was born in Amherst, Lorain County, and for a number of years taught in the schools before engaging in business. Born in 1867 of German parentage, Mr. Schibley secured his early education in the schools of Amherst township and village and took a normal course in what is now Ohio Northern University at Ada. Six years of his work as a teacher were spent in district schools and then for eight years he served as superintendent of the schools of Amherst, resigning his work in 1900 and becoming associated with his brother, J. H. Schibley, in the "Grain, Coal and Builders Supply" business. In 1908 the firm added lumber and incorporated their business under the name of The Amherst Supply Co. Mr. Schibley, for several years, served as president. In 1907, he, together with the late Henry Kolbe, E. H. Nicholl, Jacob Baus, George Hollstein, and the late J. Wesbecker organized the Amherst Savings & Banking Co. Mr. Schibley became cashier and has maintained an active connection since that time. In 1909 a number of local business men under his leadership organized the U. S. Automatic Co., manufacturing special machine parts. This company grew from a capitalization of $50,000 until now there is outstanding $500,000 of capital stock. Mr. Schibley has been president of this company since it was organized. In 1914, with a number of his friends, he organized the Amherst Cold Storage Co., for the manufacture of ice and the storage of eggs, butter, and fruit. This business has become a valuable asset to the community. The organization has not changed—Mr. Schibley being president since 1914. In 1921, in association with the Hon. John M. Cheney, and Mrs. H. Wichtendahl, the Amherst Apartments Co. was organized at Orlando, Florida, with the following officers: W. H. Schibley, president; John Cheney, vice president; Mrs. Wichtendahl, secretary-treasurer manager. Mr. Schibley maintains an active connection with all organizations interested in community betterment. He has been a trustee of the Amherst Hospital since its organization. Along with his extensive business interests which constitutes a semi-public service he has, on several occasions, held political offices. He is at present superintendent of the Sunday School of the Evangelical Church and a church trustee. In politics he votes independently. On May 2, 1891, he was married to Dorthea Margaret Ludwig. They live on their country place on Middle Ridge, one mile south of town. WILLIAM H. PRITCHARD, M. D. Twenty of the years since he graduated from medical college Doctor Pritchard has devoted to a line of public service that reflects the highest honor upon him for professional skill, his administrative ability and his unselfish purpose. Doctor Pritchard is the present superintendent of the Columbus State Hospital. This hospital is the largest institution for the care of mental cases in Ohio. To provide proper care for the 2,300 patients a staff of eleven physicians and medical assistants is employed, and also about 250 nurses, attendants and other employes. A training school for nurses is maintained. The hospital plant consists of 304 acres of land on West Broad Street. On this site are situated the main buildings, with three immense wings, four large cottages, a pavilion for tubercular patients, and the other buildings for power, heating and lighting plants. The offices, laboratory and surgical rooms are in the main building. The institution on its present site was completed and opened in 1877. It is the successor of the old Central Lunatic Asylum on East Broad Street. That property was destroyed by fire in 1868. When it was founded in 1835 it was the second institution for the care of the insane established west of the Alleghany Mountains. The original superintendent was Dr. William M. Awl, one of the noted men of his generation in the care and treatment of the insane. The present superintendent, Dr. William H. Pritchard, was born in Clinton County, Ohio, in 1866. 224 - HISTORY OF OHIO He was liberally educated, at first in the public schools and then in Earlham College at Richmond, Indiana. He took his medical course in Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, now .the Medical Department of the University of Cincinnati. During the years from 1900 to 1905 Doctor Pritchard was employed successively as house physician at the Cincinnati General Hospital, and as assistant physician at the Columbus State Hospital and Gallipolis Hospital for Epileptics. In 1905 he was promoted to superintendent of the Gallipolis Hospital, and served six years. He resigned in 1911 and for five years was engaged in the general practice of medicine in that Southern Ohio town. As successor to the late Dr. C. F. Gilliam, Doctor Pritchard came to the post of superintendent of the Columbus State Hospital in 1916. His earlier record in hospital management constituted a strong qualification for the post, but he was appointed after a competitive civil service examination. Doctor Pritchard is a member of the medical faculty of the Ohio State University. He belongs to the Ohio State and American Medical associations and to the American Psychiatric Association. He is a member of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, the Columbus Athletic Club, the Columbus Automobile Club, is a York Rite and Scottish Rite Mason and member of Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine, is an Elk and a member of Glenwood Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1903 Doctor Pritchard married Miss Helen Landacre, of Columbus. They have a son, William Landacre, and a daughter, Marianna Helen. ARTHUR J. CURREN. One of the best built telephone properties in Ohio is the automatic telephone and cable system of the Elyria Telephone Company. Since no city can attain or maintain its full measure of prosperity without prompt and efficient service, the people of Elyria have taken due pride in the possession of facilities represented by this public utility, and those familiar with its development and improvement have given corresponding tribute to the work of Arthur J. Curren, who has had the management for many years and is the present chief executive of the company. Mr. Curren is a telephone engineer of broad experience and has been continuously identified with the telephone industry since 1900. He was born at Delaware, Ohio, August 6, 1876, and his parents, Joseph F. and Mary Allison (Gavitt) Curren, were natives of the same county. His paternal grandparents were Stephen and Elizabeth (Stratton) Curren, the former a native of New York and the latter of Virginia. They became early settlers of the town of Norton in Delaware County, where Stephen Curren was proprietor of an inn on the old Columbus-Sandusky Stage Coach Line. The maternal grandparents were Ezekiel and Viola (Miller) Gavitt, the former a native of Granville, Ohio, and the latter of Sandusky County. Ezekiel Gavitt, was a Methodist Episcopal circuit rider in Northern Ohio for many years, and finally settling at Ashley, Delaware County, where his death occurred at the age of eighty-six. At the outbreak of the Civil war, Joseph F. Curren was twenty-one, and enlisted as a private in the Twentieth Infantry, taking part in many engagements and receiving numerous promotions. He resigned as lieutenant in the Twentieth Regiment to accept the office of adjutant with the new Sixtieth Ohio Infantry. On the 17th of June, 1864, at the Battle of Fredericksburg, while in command of his regiment, he lost his right arm. It is a coincidence worthy of note, that on the 17th of June, 1775, his great-uncle lost his leg at the Battle of Bunker Hill. After recovering sufficiently to rejoin his regiment, on account of the loss of his arm, he was transferred to the Veterans ' Reserve Corps at Boston, and was still in active service at the close of the war. Returning home with an empty sleeve, he offered his sweetheart the release of her engagement, which was refused, and they were married at once and settled in Delaware, Ohio. Soon afterwards, he was appointed postmaster of Delaware, a position he held twelve years under three Presidents, Grant, Hayes and Garfield. After leaving the postoffice, he was in the real estate and insurance business and in 1895, organized the Citizens Mutual Fire Insurance Company, which still enjoys a prosperous business. With this company he was identified at the time of his death in 1917 at the age of seventy-nine. His widow now at that age survives him and resides at Delaware. Arthur J. Curren was educated in public schools at Delaware, graduating with the class of 1894. Almost immediately he began his experience in public utility work, serving two years as collector and general bookkeeper of the Delaware Gas Company. Then came three years of work in Ohio Wesleyan University where he pursued the scientific course. His boyhood enthusiasm had been largely directed to electricity and at college he turned naturally to the electrical field. In 1900, he took up telephone work, first with the Central Union Telephone Company, then for a brief time with the Cleveland Bell Company, leaving the Bell system to turn his attention to the independent field. That was the time when many independent plants were in construction throughout Ohio. As a field engineer with the Reserve Construction Company of Cleveland, he had a part in the building of the independent plants in the cities of Canton, Mansfield, and Lima. In April, 1902, he joined Mr. George W. Beers of Fort Wayne, Indiana, as chief engineer of the Gas Belt Construction Company, and in that capacity designed the telephone plants of Muncie, Alexander, and Elwood. From Indiana, returning to Ohio, Mr. Curren for nearly a year assisted in the promotion of the Queen City Telephone Company of Cincinnati, but through inability to secure the many necessary franchises for a comprehensive system, the enterprise was finally abandoned. In 1905, Mr. Curren accepted the managemcnt of the Elyria Telephone Company and since January, 1917, has been its president. The company in 1918 erected a beautiful fireproof building, installed an automatic telephone system, displacing the old style manual system. These superior mechanical facilities together with the cordial support and cooperation of the public, which management had successfully cultivated, made Mr. Curren prominent in Elyria. In 1922, his company purchased outright the local Bell Exchange. In no small degree the success of this public utility has been due to the splendid spirit of service that has actuated the personnel of the employees. In addition to the heavy burdens he has carried as executive in the telephone business, Mr. Curren has manifested a keen interest in civic affairs. He is a member of the Pioneer 's Telephone Associations of both Bell and Independents, was for many years a director of the Ohio State Telephone Association, and is a member of the Board of Directors of the Northern Building and Loan Association. He is a charter member of the Elyria Rotary Club, also Frank S. Harman Lodge of Masons, has taken the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rites, is a Shriner, is a member of the Elyria Country Club, Lakewood Country Club of Cleveland, is a Phi Delta Theta, and a member of the American Society of Electrical Engineers. His religious connection is with the Congregational