HISTORY OF OHIO - 275 Rochester, New York, to Ruby Castle Willson, and they have one child, Jean. JOHN MILLER SWARTZ, president of the Newark Bar Association, dean of the legal profession of Licking County, is one of the ablest members of his profession in the State of Ohio. From 1885 to 1891 he served as prosecuting attorney of Licking County, and in 1898 he was elected judge of the Fifth Circuit Court of Ohio. He was born on a farm in Milton Township, Wayne County, Ohio, December 11, 1844, a son of Samuel and Mary (Miller) Swartz, pioneers of Wayne County, who settled in the woods of its northern portion in 1830 and there continued ,to engage in farming the remainder of their lives. His attendance at the academy at Seville, Ohio, followed by a course at Denison University from 1865 to 1869, when he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science, John Miller Swartz took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar of Ohio in June, 1872. In 1882 he was admitted to practice in the United States courts and in 1892 he was admitted to practice in the Department of the Interior, Washington City. For many years he has been very successfully engaged in practice in the different courts. While he was studying law he served as principal of the Newark High School from 1869 to 1870, and served as examiner for both county and city schools, and has also been a member of the examining committee of Denison University. Since 1900 he has been a member of the board of trustees of this university. Active as a Baptist, he is president of the board of trustees of his church, and he is interested in its welfare to a marked degree. From 1882 to 1888 he served as trustee of the Licking County Children's Home, and has never failed to respond to a call made upon his abilities. Zealous as a democrat, from 1872 to 1890, he was very active in promoting the cause of his party and its candidates, and during that period probably made more political speeches than any other man in the county. Since 1890 he has been engaged in partisan work other than public speaking. He was made a Mason in 1904, and belongs to Center Star Lodge No. 11, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Warren Chapter No. 6, Royal Arch Masons; Biglow Council No. 7, Royal and Select Masters, all of Newark. On August 20, 1869, Mr. Swartz was married at Seville, Ohio, to Sarah A. Carnaham, a daughter of Robert and Elizabeth Carnaham of Seville. Mrs. Swartz died in 1879, and Mr. Swartz was married second to Laura A. Criswell, a daughter of Nicholas Criswell, a native of Licking County, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Swartz became the parents of the following children: Mabel C., who married F. W. Withof of Dayton, Ohio, is now living in Fort Valley, Georgia. For a number of years Mr. Withof was interested in the peach growing industry, but is now manufacturing sprayers. Their only son, J. Frederick Withof, who enlisted in the United States Army, died in France at the age of twenty-two years. He did valuable service as a messenger. to and from the front. Mrs. Withof is a graduate of Denison University, and taught school for a year in Colorado, and then was a teacher in the Newark High School until her marriage. She has developed into a writer of note, and is recognized as a talented author, her compositions including short stories and poetry. S. Robert Swartz now holds an important position with the Bell Telephone Company. He married Catherine Miller, of Franklin County, Ohio. At present they are residents of Columbus, Ohio. The third child of John Miller Swartz is Mary A., who married W. B. Evans, of Hebron, Ohio, a farmer.. Mr. and Mrs. Evans have seven children. John C. Swartz, the fourth child, was graduated from Denison University in civil engineering, and for a time served as county engineer of Licking County, but is now engaged in the asphalt business at Zanesville, Ohio. He married Mary Broomhall of Zanesville. Dorothy Swartz, the fifth child, was graduated from Denison University, and for several years was noted as a singer. She married K. R. Babb, a hardware merchant of Xenia, Ohio. FORDICE W. EDISON, one of the dignified and spirited citizens of Lorain, Ohio, and one of its successful business men, was born at Vienna, Ontario, Canada, on the 13th of July, 1832, and was the son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Yokum) Edison. Samuel was a native of Newark, New Jersey, his birth occurring near the beginning of the nineteenth century. His wife was a native of Philadelphia. Soon after Samuel and Elizabeth were married they moved to Canada, which then was a promising country for the farmers, and there they located on a farm and continued that occupation for many years. They were successful and ere long were prosperous and prominent. Their son, Fordice W., was reared. on the farm and in the small villages of Canada, and in his youthful days was given a good education and the right training in sound behavior and courteous deportment. When still quite young he learned the tinning trade, and began his independent business career by working at this occupation in various places wherever his services were needed. A little later he moved to Port Huron, Michigan, where he still continued the tinning business, but ere long went back to Canada and was located at Phielta for several years. Finally he moved to Cleveland and opened a tinning and hardware shop and store on Ontario Street, and was busy there for two years. He then moved to Detroit, but remained there for only about one year, and soon afterward established himself at Lorain, in 1872, and there resumed the tinning and hardware business and was thus occupied for twenty years. While residing here he secured a summer home in Florida, and there he spent nearly every winter for about twenty years. In 1867 he married Emma Jane Johnson, who was born in Pickton, Canada, and who bore him the following children: Homer, who is a prosperous and prominent citizen of Pittsburgh; Harry, who is deceased; Grace, who is a resident of Cleveland, Ohio. His first wife having passed away in 1882, Mr. Edison chose for his second wife Martha Wright, who also died about twenty years later. He then selected for his third wife Elizabeth Muir, who was born in England. He had no children by his second and third marriages. He was a member of the Congregational Church, was a prominent republican in politics, was a member of the Masonic order, a Shriner, and served as councilman of Lorain for a period of seven years, and was finally elected to the responsible position of mayor of Lorain and served as such with distinction for three terms. He also served as city treasurer with the satisfaction of his constituents and the welfare of the city. FRANK M. B. WINDLE. Only a man with real genius for business undertakings and affairs could affiliate himself with such a variety of enterprises as Frank M. B. Windle has done in Newark, where he has had his home for over twenty years. Mr. Windle was born at Roanoke in Huntington County, Indiana, January 5, 1867, son of William K. and Mary (Bash) Windle. His great-grandfather Windle was born near West Chester, Pennsylvania, of old Quaker stock. The grandfather Benjamin 276 - HISTORY OF OHIO Windle was born in Pennsylvania, but after his marriage moved to Ohio and spent many years as a farmer in Columbiana County. William K. Windle was born in Columbiana County June 3, 1840, and was successful in business as a merchant and banker. His wife, Mary Bash, was born near Navarre in Stark County, Ohio, a daughter of Martin and Catherine Bash, natives of the same county and a merchant there, and her grandparents were also born in Stark County, where the Bash family located among the first settlers. Frank M. B. Windle was one of a family of three sons and one daughter, one son dying in infancy. He grew up in his native Indiana community, attending public schools at Roanoke, the Roanoke Academy and finished his education in Oberlin College. For a year after leaving school he was in Kansas City in the commission business and on returning to Huntington, Indiana, served for four years as deputy county treasurer, afterwards was chief clerk to the superintendent of the Erie Railroad, resigning and moved to Newark, Ohio, August, 1901, where he has since resided. During those years he has built up a very prosperous fire and casualty insurance business, his insurance offices being in the First National Bank Building. At the same time he has acquired an interest in several of Newark 's well established business enterprises. He is owner of the Postal Printing Company, is a director of the K. and F. Heel Company, manufacturers of rubber heels for shoes and a director in the Simpson Cigar Company. Mr. Windle is one of the prominent Masons of Newark, being past master of the Blue Lodge ; past commander of the Knights Templar ; a member of Aladdin Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Columbus, Ohio; a thirty-second degree Scottish Rites Mason, and secretary of The Newark Masonic Temple Company. He has been treasurer of the Kiwanis Club since it was organized and is a trustee of the First Methodist Episcopal Church and of the Young Men's Christian Association. He has served twenty years as head usher in the Methodist Church. During the World war he was identified with the Licking County War Work Committee, and had charge of feeding the war workers upon all occasions. Mr. Windle married at Huntington, Indiana, May 28, 1890, Miss Jessie Heiney, daughter of Benjamin F. and Margaret (Fulton) Heiney, natives of Ohio, but they spent most of their lives in Indiana, where her father was a school teacher and a farmer. Mrs. Windle was a student of De Pauw University at Greencastle, Indiana, specializing in music and was a teacher of music until her marriage. She has since been active in church and musical affairs, and is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Newark Music Club and a member of Alpha Chapter of the Alpha Chi Omega fraternity. Mr. and Mrs. Windle have three children. The daughter, Camille, is now a probation officer in the Juvenile Court at Cleveland; Frank Leland is a graduate of Denison University and an electrical engineer with the Western Colorado Power Company at Silverton, Colorado; Benjamin E. is a student in Denison University. JULIAN PORTER represented one of the pioneer families of Lorain County. He himself was born there, and for many years was one of the well known men in Great Lakes transportation circles. He was born at Lorain, March 17, 1846, son of Nathaniel and Clarissa (Nielan) Porter, his father a native of' Ireland and his mother of Massachusetts. Nathaniel Porter was one of the early settlers of Elyria, Ohio. His wife was a school teacher. After their marriage they settled in Elyria, and subsequently he became a teamster at Lorain. Julian Porter, with a twin sister, was the youngest in a family of nine children and grew up at Lorain, attending the district schools of Black River, which is now the City of Lorain. He went to sea as a sailor on the Great Lakes when only a boy, and was one of the veteran mariners on the South Shore of Lake Erie. He finally owned a vessel, sailed it as captain, and when he retired he acted as harbor master under Mayor King for five years. Mr. Porter died June 15, 1916. He was a Catholic, a democrat in politics, and a member of the Knights of the Maccabees. His widow is a member of the ladies' auxiliary of the Maccabees and also the Catholic Society, Ladies' Catholic Benevolent Association. In July, 1880, Mr. Porter married Miss Elizabeth McCorry, who was born at Simco, in Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada, July 12, 1855, daughter of William and Eliza (McCourt) McCorry. Her father was born at Glasgow, Scotland, and her mother in Ireland. Mrs. Porter was educated in public schools in Canada and also at Detroit, Michigan. She still resides in the fine home at 1144 West Erie Avenue in Lorain. Her daughter May is with her. Her daughter Clara is the wife of E. P. Reidy, of Lorain; Frances married T. A. Peeks, of Lorain; Helen is the wife of A. J. Ginnane, a grocer at Lorain; and Miss Irene is a trained nurse. COL. N. B. ABBOTT during the many years he lived at Columbus was undoubtedly the outstanding contractor in street and road paving in Central Ohio. His lifelong work calls for something more than passing reference to him. He was born at Middlebury, Connecticut, February 10, 1835, and died at his home, 898 Bryden Road in Columbus, in 1910, when in his seventy-fifth year. His was a life of achievement with meager beginning. When he was only eight years of age he was made to do farm work, being given board, clothes and schooling. When he was seventeen he was apprenticed to a carpenter at New Haven, the arrangement providing that he could work four years, receiving board and a salary of $25, $30, $35 and $40 for the respective years. Not long after completing his apprenticeship Colonel Abbott came West to Hudson, Ohio. However, he soon returned to Connecticut and engaged in contracting at Waterbury. When the Civil war came on he enlisted in the Twentieth Connecticut Infantry, serving three years, and was slightly wounded at the battle of Gettysburg. He then resumed contracting at Brooklyn, New York, and there first became interested in the asphaltum street paving. Colonel Abbott in 1876 settled permanently at Columbus, and soon engaged in contracting on public works, including sewer construction, and was one of the first to contract for paving when the city was beginning to expand and to pave its streets. Nearly 100 miles of modern paving was handled by Colonel Abbott. The Ohio Paving Company, of which he became president, was one of the leading contracting concerns of its kind in Ohio. This company also manufactures the Hallwood Block, extensively used for paving purposes all over Central Ohio. It is said that Colonel Abbott paid out over $1,000,000 for labor alone. He improved North High Street from the viaduct, and West Broad Street from the Scioto River, these two improvements alone being in excess of eight miles. Colonel Abbott frequently financed paving operations to his own credit, and such was his high standing that city officials had only the highest praise for him, and it was understood that any contract he took would be carried out with the utmost fidelity to every specification. Colonel Abbott was chairman of the board of trustees of the building of Memorial Hall. He was HISTORY OF OHIO - 277 twice married. For his second wife he married a daughter of Henry Ohrhausen, and she survived him. ALFONSO CAPRETTA, a resident of Columbus for more than twenty years, is one of the outstanding representatives of the citizenship of this city of Italian birth and parentage. He was born at Forli-del-Sannio, Provincia di Campobasso, Italy, October 15, 1875. In 1896, at the age of twenty-one, he came to the United States, and in 1903, located in Columbus. For eighteen years following Mr. Capretta was engaged in the restaurant business, his location for thirteen years of that time being at Third and Naghten streets. During the past two years he has given his time entirely to fraternal organization work, in which field he has achieved a signal success. For ten years he has served as president of the Italian local society of the Woodmen of the World, and for nine years he has also been president of the Fratellanza Italiana di Mutuo Soccorso, which was organized twenty-seven years ago and has had a wide scope of fraternal and social work as its program. This organization comprises practically 100 per cent of the city's best known and representative Italian citizens, and in addition to its value as a social organization it has exerted a steady influence towards Americanism and all that the word implies. Mr. Capretta is also a leading member of the Italian Club, the Dante Club and the Piave Club. He also holds membership in the Elks and the Loyal. Order of Moose. Aside froth his activities in these various fra- ternal and social orders Mr. Capretta as an individual has been enthusiastic in promoting the ideals of American citizenship and emphasizing patriotic devotion to his adopted land, and his efforts in this direction, more especially his labor among his fellow countrymen, have not only won for him the respect and esteem of the community, but has also come to the favorable notice of the Italian government. In 1894 Mr. Capretta married Miss Mary Lilley, and to them have been born three children: Theodore, Candido and Clara. FERDINAND BAUMANN. One of the oldest contracting and lumber firms of Columbus .is known as F. Baumann. Sons Company. This business has been in its present location at 18 West Main Street for over twenty years. The head of the business for many years was the late Ferdinand Baumann. He was born in Baden Baden, Germany, November 17, 1861, and was a young man of sixteen or seventeen years of age when he came to Columbus, where his brother August had preceded him and was then engaged in business- as a building contractor. Ferdinand entered the employ of his brother, and at the death of August, about 1883, took over the business. Subsequently he married Mrs. August Baumann, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Heil. August Baumann and Elizabeth Heil had -married in Columbus. She, died in 19.13. There were no children by her second marriage, and those by her marriage to August Baumann are : Anton, August W., Albert J., and Elizabeth. The only daughter died soon after her marriage. The three sons, Anton, August W. and Albert J., became the constituent partners in the F. Baumann Sons Company. At the time of their mother's second marriage, Albert Baumann was three years of age,. and Anton, fourteen. Each of the boys began working in the lumber business when about twelve years of age, and, they were well trained for larger responsibilities as they reached manhood. They always looked upon Ferdinand as the head of the business. Ferdinand Baumann died November 12, 1917. At his death the three sons took over the entire business, F. Baumann Sons Company being incorporated with a capital of $10,000. Recently August has withdrawn from the company, but continues independently in the same line. F. Baumann Sons Company operate a planing mill for finished material, handle lumber and other building supplies, and do a general contracting business. Anton Baumann married Emma Stickle, the wife of August Baumann was Annie Trott, while Albert married Maude E. Lee. SAMUEL B. HARTMAN, M. D. A distinguished member of the medical profession in Ohio, and a medical manufacturer, Dr. Samuel Brubaker Hartman was a resident of Columbus nearly forty years, and died in that city, January 31, 1918. He was born near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1, 1830, son of Christian and Anna (Brubaker) Hartman. Most of his life was spent in Ohio. As a youth he attended the Farmers College at Cincinnati, and in 1857 took his degree in medicine at Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia. The service he rendered in the general practice of medicine and surgery began before the Civil war and continued until the later years of his life. For a short time before graduating from medical college he practiced at Tippecanoe, Ohio. From 1857 to 1879 he carried on a general practice at Millersville, Pennsylvania, and in the latter year moved to Columbus. Doctor Hartman in 1884 founded and for many years was sole owner of the. Peruna Drug Manufacturing Company, and he made that one of the most successful proprietary medicine concerns in the country. He also established in 1890 a sanitarium for the treatment of chronic diseases. Doctor Hartman's home for many years was at 513 East Town Street in Columbus. He married in 1860 Sallie Ann Martzall, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. FERDINAND J. MCFADDEN, a distinguished architect, building .constructor and prominent leader in public utility affairs, was born at Titusville, Pennsylvania, on the 20th of March, 1891, and is the son of Jerome and Mintia (Stetson) McFadden. The father was born at Cherry Tree, Crawford County, Pennsylvania, and the mother in the same county. The father was a prosperous blacksmith during the greater part of his business career, and was a useful, eminent and conspicuous citizen, taking much interest in worthy public affairs and disclosing a pronounced aptitude for upright conduct and social behavior. At the present date he has retired from active labor and is living a retired life at Hydetown, Pennsylvania, where he is well known and honored. His son, Ferdinand J., in his youthful days, was given a sound education in the public schools at Hydetown and at Titusville, finishing with signal credit at the high schools in both towns. He completed his education with a preparatory course at the Chamberlain Military Institute, Randolph, New York. In the latter institution he took a special course in mechanical engineering, and soon afterward- was given a position in the Titusville Iron Works is special draftsman and remained there hard at work for three and a half years, during which eventful time he made important and striking advances in engineering. On the 17th of June, 1914, he married Mollie Ridgway, who was born at Evansville, Indiana, and is the daughter of William and Flora (Evans) Ridgway. Her father was born at Hydetown, Pennsylvania, and her mother at Evansville, Indiana. Mr. McFadden and wife have one daughter, Geraldine, born in 1920. After his marriage Ferdinand J. worked for a time in various iron works and finally concluded to 278 - HISTORY OF OHIO change his occupation. Although blessed with a wife, he entered the University of Valparaiso, Indiana, and spent one full year there studying architectural engineering. Immediately thereafter he became a special student of the same art in the University of Michigan and completed the full course in one year. While here engaged in hard study he entered the Reserve Officers Training Camp at the same place and took a course of difficult study in military affairs to be ready should he be called to serve Uncle Sam. About this time, also, he took a civil service examination for designing all sorts of constructions and successfully passed the same at Brooklyn, New York. He was now more than ready for business. In June, 1918, he was induced to accept a position in the engineering department at the Toledo, Ohio, Ship Yards, and began by designing boilers, engines and safety devices and made boiler inspection a specialty by taking vessels out on the lakes to see if the engines and all the outfits were right. On the 11th of October, 1918, he passed a rigid examination at Toledo, Ohio, for engineers on overseas service in the engineering department and was approved on November 9. Two days later he was released from the obligation of overseas service, and soon afterward accepted a responsible position with the architectural firms of Mills, Rhines, Bellman and Nordhoff at Toledo to oversee and operate the heating and ventilating devices in their buildings. He was thus employed until June 5, 1919, when he came to Toledo with his college chum, G. L. Slater, and they formed a business firm with a Mr. Wurmser which became known as Wurmser, McFadden & Slater, architects, but this concern did not survive long. In November, 1919, they dissolved partnership, but immediately thereafter the firm of Slater & McFadden was organized. The new concern immediately purchased the Smith Coal & Supply Company's outfit and trade at Lorain and moved their headquarters to the coal company 's offices, where they continued their former occupation of furnishing building plans for contractors and other builders and of supervising the same until March, 1922, when Mr. McFadden opened an office at 553 Broadway for the practice of architectural construction. However, he still retained his interests in the Slater & McFadden Coal & Supply Company, which was doing a large and profitable business. On the 1st of April, 1922, he became a member of the firm of Morgan & Edick, who were engaged in architecture, construction and dealing in real estate. The business of the new concern became so promising and profitable that on March 12, 1923, Mr. McFadden bought out both of his partners, or rather bought all the rest of the stock of the corporation, and thus became sole owner of the whole concern, with property valued at about $25,000, the new firm being known as the F. J. McFadden Company, of which Mr. McFadden is president. He is also secretary and treasurer of the Slater Coal & Supply Company. (At the present date the company is capitalized for $50,000 and have offices at 1071 Broadway.) During eleven months of 1922 Ferdinand J. designed and built twenty-seven houses in Lorain, ranging in value from $5,000 to $17,000. His many years of hard study and experience enable him to do his own designing, and he buys all his own material, lets out all contracts personally, makes a rigid inspection daily of each building he is constructing, and at the same time oversees the offices and civic work under his control or supervision. He maintains a large lumber yard and uses his own lumber in the construction of buildings. He also conducts a large cement block factory, which is now one of the finest electrified plants in the whole country. He is a member of the Congregational Church, of the Masons, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of the Knights of Pythias, in which he has officiated in several exacting capacities, has been director of the Kiwanis Club for two years, is treasurer of the Real Estate Board of Lorain, is a member of the Country Club, of the A. A. A. and of the Lorain Automobile Association and the Chamber of Commerce. He is a democrat in politics. STUART ROBINSON BOLIN. To date the service that has made Stuart Robinson Bolin one of the distinguished lawyers and public leaders of Ohio was his work during the period of the World war as United States District Attorney for the Southern District of Ohio. That service was an important contribution to the winning of the war. Mr. Bolin has been a member of the Ohio bar a quarter of a century, and in his early years he was associated with his father, who became a member of the Ohio bar in 1873. His father was the late Andrew Robinson Bolin, who was born at Circleville, Ohio, in 1849, a grandson of John Bolin, a native of Ireland, and who died while a soldier in the War of 1812. John Bolin, father of Andrew R. Bolin, was born in Virginia, and married Mary A. Brannon, also of Irish ancestry. The Bolin family settled at Pickaway County, Ohio, iii 1834. Andrew R. Bolin, graduated from Miami University in 1871, finished his law course at the Cincinnati law school in 1873, and for forty years engaged in a wide and successful practice, at first at Circleville, and finally at Columbus. On the democratic ticket he was elected and served as a member of the Ohio Assembly from 1895 to 1898. His wife, Sophronia Isabelle Rector, was a daughter of Ed- ward Rector, a nephew of Governor Tiffin, of Ohio, and one of the early settlers in Pickaway County. Stuart Robinson Bolin, only son of his parents, was born at Circleville, dune 20, 1878. He graduated from the high school in 1895, then attended the Liberal Arts College at Ohio State University, and in 1899 was graduated with the Bachelor of Laws degree from Yale University College of Law, where he completed the three-year course in two years. He was admitted to the bar June 28, 1899, a few days after reaching his majority, and soon after became junior partner of his father in the firm of Bolin & Bolin at Circleville. In 1909 the firm moved to Columbus, and it was dissolved by the death of Andrew R. Bolin in 1913. Since then Stuart R. Bolin has conducted his law practice alone. Mr. Bolin was elected city solicitor of Columbus, serving in 1912-13, and in 1914 was made director of the Ohio Legislative Reference Bureau, at the invitation of the governor. In 1915, on the unsolicited recommendation of Senator Pomerene, President Wilson appointed him United States attorney for the Southern District of Ohio, with headquarters at Columbus and offices in Cincinnati and Dayton. His service covered all the period while America was in the war against the central powers. As United States attorney he initiated the first cases under a number of the war-time laws. His activities during the war period made him a target for the radical element, his activities being noted in resolutions adopted in various states of the Northwest, and finally he was placed on the so-called "Guillotine List" of those marked for assassination. Mr. Bolin also successfully prosecuted the most important mail fraud cases up to that time prosecuted by the Government. In accepting his resignation, Attorney-General Palmer in a letter said: "You have done splendid service as United States attorney for your district ; a service which reflects great credit upon yourself HISTORY OF OHIO - 279 and honor upon your country. It is one of which you may be proud through all your life. Your record entitles you to reappointment, which would have surely come if you had not seen fit to prefer private practice." At the time of his resignation Mr. Bolin declined appointment as a regular assistant attorney-general with headquarters at the department of justice at Washington, but consented to remain as a special assistant to Attorney-General Palmer to close important cases started during his time. In March, 1921, at the request of Attorney-General Daugherty, Mr. Bolin accepted appointment as a special assistant to the attorney-general to conduct litigation growing out of the $1,000,000 postoffice robbery in Toledo, Ohio. Through prosecutions in which he participated about twenty-five persons were given sentences ranging from one hour to sixty-seven years and life imprisonment. In his official duties and in his private practice Mr. Bolin's duties have required his personal appearance in the state and the United States courts of New York, California, Illinois, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and other and other states, and also in the Dominion of Canada. Mr. Bolin has been active in the democratic party. He is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and his father was one of the prominent Masons of the state. He is a member of the Franklin County and Ohio State Bar associations, and belongs to the Yale Kent Club, the Athletic Club of Columbus, the Phil Delta Theta Fraternity, the Yale Alumni Association of Columbus, and is a member of the Episcopal Church. On November 9, 1904, he married Miss Ada Rebecca Brown at Circleville. Her grandfather, Thomas W. Brown, was one of the pioneer farmers and land owners of Pickaway County. Mr. and Mrs. Bolin have five children, Flora-Belle, Ethel Virginia, Ada Elizabeth, Robert.a Brown and Stuart Robinson, Jr. CHARLES FOSTER JOHNSON. Individually and through the companies he organized and has directed Charles Foster Johnson has developed millions of dollars worth of property in Columbus, over Franklin County and in other sections of the state and country. Some of the most important real estate, building and construction interests center in him. Mr. Johnson was born at New Albany, Franklin County, Ohio, October 14, 1879, son of William H. and Mary Rose (Humphrey) Johnson. He is of Revolutionary ancestry, his great-grandfather, Robert Johnson, having been a private in the Second Maryland Regiment in the War for Independence, while his great-great-grandfather, John Ferguson, was a private in the Frederick County Maryland Associa- tors. The Johnson family has been in Franklin County for several generations, coming overland in wagons from Washington, D. C. Mr. Johnson's father was born at Columbus. The early years of Charles F. Johnson were spent at New Albany, where he attended the public schools. Later he attended high school at Ithaca, New York, and in 1902 was graduated in law from Ohio State University. His legal education has been useful to him in many ways, though he never sought to build up a law practice, being early drawn into the real estate business. In 1907 he organized and became president of the Columbus Land Company and in 1908 the Thompson, Johnson and Thompson Company. In 1910 he became one of the organizers and secretary of the Dominion Land Company. The Dominion Land Company has remained, the chief medium to which his real estate development enterprises have been carried out. In addition thereto he' has also organized and has been executive head of other companies for real estate development, including the Owners Land Com pany, the Bergman Realty Company, New Columbus Land Company, Beechwald Realty Company, Charles F. Johnson Realty Company, and Pegg Realty Company. He is also secretary of the Frankenberg Construction Company, doing general construction work. In the summer of 1923 he organized and is president of the Charles F. Johnson Incorporated; an organization through which all the business of the companies just mentioned is transacted, thus centering the bulk of his affairs under one head. Through such organizations Mr. Johnson has facilities for doing everything in the development of property. He buys land, plats it into building sites, builds streets, sewers and other modern improvements, builds houses, and in the course of eighteen years or more has handled a great volume of business. Mr. Johnson is an elder in the East Broad Street Presbyterian Church, is active in charities and a member of the Young Men's Christian Association, is a Scottish Rite Mason, being a life member of Alladin Temple of the Mystic Shrine, Ach Bar Grotto, and is a life member of the Columbus Rotary. Club, the Columbus Country Club, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is a member of the American Legion, and is a member of Benjamin Franklin Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution, Columbus Real Estate Board, and is a trustee of Western College at Oxford, Ohio, a trustee of the Presbyterian Homes at Sidna, Ohio, president of the Presbyterian Council of Presbytery of Columbus as well as a trustee of the Presbytery, member of the Buckeye Republican Club, Columbus Chamber of Commerce. During the World war period Mr. Johnson in the spring of 1918 volunteered and was assigned to duty in the quartermaster 's general. headquarters at Washington with the rank of captain. From there he was transferred to Camp Meade, Maryland, and finally to the Zone Supply Office at Baltimore, where he continued on duty until his discharge in March, 1919. On June 16, 1904, Mr. Johnson married' Miss Mary Jane Pinney. They have three daughters, Mary Kathryn, Phyllis and Esther Pinney. WILLIAM E. W. CHERRY has gained distinct vantage place as one of the leading contractors and builders in his native City of Columbus, has here been engaged in business along this line for somewhat more than forty years, and his operations have contributed much to the physical attractions of the fair capital city of Ohio, the. while their scope and importance testifying to the high popular estimate placed upon him as a builder and loyal and upright business man. Mr. Cherry was born in Columbus May 22, 1859, and is a son of the late James and Hannah Ross (Dean) Cherry. James Cherry was born in Huntington County, Pennsylvania, where he was reared to adult age, and whence he went forth as a soldier in the War of 1812. He became one of the pioneer settlers at Columbus, Ohio, where he established his residence in the year 1819. Here he purchased property on West Main Street, near Front Street, now the site of the factory of the Lape & Adler Shoe Company, and there the family home was maintained more than ninety years. The old Cherry homestead was designated as 40 West Main Street until it gave place to the shoe factory mentioned above. James Cherry gave many years of service as justice of the peace and maintained his office at his home. He took deep interest in the moral and intellectual development of the community and, in 1847, served as a member of the first Board of Education in Columbus. He was also, one of the founders of the First Presbyterian Church, in which he served for many years as an elder. He died November 15, 1863, in his seventy-fifth year. 280 - HISTORY OF OHIO It was in the historic old homestead just mentioned that William E. W. Cherry was born and reared, and there he continued to reside more than half a century. He profited by the advantages of the public school and as a youth learned the carpenter trade. In 1883 he initiated his independent career as a contractor and builder, and the first building which he erected was the residence of George W. Bright, who is now chairman of the Board of Directors of the Citizens Bank & Trust Company of Columbus. His activities as a contractor have been successfully continued during the long intervening years, and he has for many years specialized in the remodeling and reconstruction of large business buildings. He has thus remodeled the Brag Building on North High Street, three times, in 1906, 1912 and 1923. He reconstructed the interior of the old Empire Theater, now known as Keith's Theater, and for a long term of years he has handled all reconstruction and new building work for the Columbus-McKinnon Chain Company. He remodeled the Lazarus Block on South High Street, the building occupied by the Frank P. Hall Hardware Company, and has carried out various construction enterprises for the Woolworth stores in Columbus. In 1923 Mr. Cherry remodeled the building of the C. 0. Haines Optical Company, on East Gay Street, and also rebuilt the old Star Hotel, now known as the Rol-Eddy Hotel. In 1895-96 he erected for the Government a number of buildings at Columbus Barracks, now designated as Fort Hayes, including the drill hall, guard house, the building for noncommissioned officers, and several other structures. He also built numerous church and school buildings, among them being the Avondale School; Medary School; Southwest Avenue School; the Methodist Church structure, at Goodele and Neil avenues; the original King Avenue Methodist Church; the original United Brethren Church, on Fifth Avenue ; the original Mayflower Chapel, and the Lutheran Church, at Prospect, Ohio. He has long had a reputation for expedition and thoroughness in all his construction work, and fidelity and consideration have marked his course during his long and successful business career. Mr. Cherry is affiliated with both York and Scottish Rite bodies of the Masonic fraternity, and also with the Mystic Shrine. The maiden name of the first wife of Mr. Cherry was Katharine Sullivan, daughter of the late Daniel Sullivan, one of the well known and popular citizens of Columbus in the earlier period of its history. Mrs. Cherry is survived by two sons, Daniel J. and William D. For his second wife Mr. Cherry wedded Ona B. Elser, and she is the popular chatelaine of their hospitable home. Mr. Cherry is a native son whose circle of friends in Columbus is limited only by that of his acquaintances. DAVID TODD LOGAN, secretary and treasurer of the Acme Laundry Company, is one of the sound and representative business men of Columbus, and one who was formrly very active in politics. His experiences have been many and varied, beginning with those of a newsboy, and culminating in his present responsible connections. He was born at Haven 's Corners, near Gahanna, Franklin County, Ohio, in 1861, a son of John W. and Lorinda (Troxel) Logan. John W. Logan was born in Pennsylvania, but he was brought to Ohio at such an early age that he was practically reared in the latter state, and until 1870 maintained his home at Haven's Corners, but in the latter year moved to Columbus, where he passed the remainder of his life, and where he held a number of political offices under different republican administrations, he being an adherent of that party. During the war between the two sections of the country he served in the Sixty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry for three years. His wife was a very active member of the Woman's Relief Corps, and was one of the leading factors in the financing and building of the Memorial Hall at Columbus as a tribute to the Union soldiers, but was not spared to see it completed. Reared at Columbus, David Todd Logan attended its public schools, and was graduated from the Central High School in 1880. In the meanwhile he had begun what was to lead into his business career by selling newspapers on the streets of Columbus, later developing into a carrier, spending in all about seven years in this line. He then entered the employ of H. W. Derby, whose news and book store was the predecessor of the present book store of H. C. McClelland, on High Street. Mr. Derby was at that time the state agent for the Harper publishing house of New York. On January 1, 1881, Mr. Logan again changed his occupation going then with the old firm of Isaac Eberly & Company, and maintained that connection for seven years. Feeling then that he had advanced as far as was possible with that concern, he left it and going with the Elliott Bakery, continued with it for a quarter of a century, during which time this old and reliable house was incorporated as a branch of the National Biscuit Company, with Mr. Logan as its manager, which position he held until 1912, when he resigned to become associated with the Acme Laundry Company, of which he is secretary and treasurer. This company owns and operates one of the largest and most modernly equipped laundries in Ohio. The plant is located at 454-464 East Main Street, but the original building, erected in 1912, was destroyed by fire in 1920, and was replaced by the present two-story building, 94x187 feet. Mr. Logan belonged to the famous Columbus Cadets, which he joined in 1878, continuing a member of the organization until it was disbanded in 1881 to be replaced by the National Guard which had in the meanwhile come into existence. The Columbus Cadets, a military organization known all over the country, was organized in 1874, with an original membership of ten. The membership, however, increased so rapidly that another company was formed, with a full quota of officers, and the two companies were under the command Of Maj. Wade Converse. The youths belonging to the Cadets were drawn from the very best families of Columbus, from a social standpoint, and the organization was in great demand as a military adjunct at notable functions, not only in the city and all over Ohio, but in distant cities as well. During the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, the Columbus Cadets had a most enjoyable time as the guests of the Centennial officials. They also formed the official escort at the inauguration of Rutherford B. Hayes. However, both of these notable occasions in the history of the Cadets occurred before Mr. Logan became a member. He is now president of the Columbus Cadets Association which is a permanent organization designed to preserve the history and traditions of the Cadets. For seven years Mr. Logan was a member of the city council of Columbus, under the old system, representing the Seventh Ward, his predecessor having been the late Dr. Washington Gladden, Columbus' distinguished minister and publicist. After retiring from the council for a year Mr. Logan was elected vice mayor, with George Marshall when he was first elected mayor of Columbus. Subsequently Mr. Logan was reelected vice mayor with Mayor George Karb, who defeated Mr. Marshall. For many years Mr. Logan was a republican, but has now for some time been a free lance, voting independently of party lines as his preference leads him. He is' a Scottish Rite Mason and a Shriner, and also belongs to Ach Bar Grotto. Joining the Benevolent and Protective HISTORY OF OHIO - 281 Order of Elks during the infancy of that order at Columbus, he has been one of the leaders in the building up of the great organizations of Elks at Columbus. He was also one of the founders of the Aladdin Country Club, and belongs to the Columbia Club, and is an ardent member of the Columbus Mannerchor. He is a past master of Humboldt Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, in which lodge he was initiated as the seventy-second member. It now has one of the largest memberships in Ohio. He was also chosen as the representative of Humboldt Lodge on the committee in charge of the building of the Masonic Temple in Columbus. In 1880, Mr. Logan married Miss Emeline Matters, who died in 1889, leaving two children: Louise, who was formerly one of the efficient teachers in the Columbus public schools, is now the wife of John C. Hoover ; and Jeanette, now the wife of Charles D. Nichols. In 1901, Mr. Logan married Miss Alice Penelope Owens. She died in 1915, leaving no children. CHARLOTTE REEVE CONOVER, with a record of important service rendered to the cause of suffrage and social welfare, has been known outside of the state as well as in Dayton, her home city, through her many contributions to the periodical press. Born at Dayton, June 14, 1855, she is a daughter of an eminent member of the medical profession in America, Dr. J. C. Reeve, who was a practicing physician in Dayton. He was a pioneer in surgery, introduced the use of the clinical thermometer, was an authority on anesthetics and obstetrics, was the inventor and first user of the A. C. E. mixture (alcohol, chloroform, ether) for surgery and obstetrics, and his scholarly work also extended to the translation and review of medical books. He translated Harvey 's "Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood" from the French. He died at the age of ninety-four, greatly honored by his town people and members of the medical profession at home and abroad. Charlotte Reeve Conover graduated from the Dayton High School in 1874, and then spent two years as a student in Geneva, Switzerland, and returned to the university in that city for work in the Cours de Vacances in 1904. In 1875 she did her first work as a newspaper correspondent in Italy. She was feature writer and contributor to magazines and for three years was contributing editor on the staff of the Ladies' Home Journal, contributing to two departments, and also conducted the Dayton Daily News Woman's Page. For twenty years she was historical secretary to John H. Patterson, president of the National Cash Register Company. Mrs. Conover has lectured on French literature and current events at many schools, clubs and chautauquas, and has done research work in the pioneer history of the Miami Valley, putting her investigations into permanent form in the book "Concerning the Forefathers." She is also author of " The Story of Dayton," "Some Dayton Saints and Prophets," "The Beck Family; " the pamphlets entitled, "My Thought Cure," "A Plea for the Prayer Book," "The Old Red Schoolhouse," "Recolletions of John Johnston." Through the years she has been an occasional contributor to the Ladies' Home Journal, Woman's Home Companion, Outlook and Outing. While much of her time has been given to literary work, she has been dominated by an extreme interest in public questions and civic movements. She has served as president of the Woman's Literary Club of Dayton, holding that office for two terms, from 1893 to 1895, was member of the Patterson Memorial Committee in 1923-24, and a member of the Board of Governors of Old Barn Club from 1920 to 1924. She is a member of the Dayton Woman's Club, the Young Woman's League, the League of Women Voters, and Christ Episcopal Church. She was married October 14, 1879, at Dayton, to Frank Conover, attorney. Her four children are: Elizabeth Dickson Conover Moore, John Charles Reeve Conover, Wilbur Dickson Conover and Charlotte Mary Conover. GEORGE HENRY CHAMBERLAIN. A leading citizen of Elyria, Ohio, and for many years a prominent factor in public life in Lorain County, is Hon. George Henry Chamberlain, for two terms a member of the Ohio State Senate, and officially and otherwise, identified with affairs of importance. Senator Chamberlain was born on his father 's farm in Grafton Township, Lorain County, Ohio, June 21, 1862. His parents were George B. and Harriet Elizabeth (Cragin) Chamberlain, the former of whom was born at Brookfield, New York, August 9, 1835, and the latter in Lagrange Township, Lorain County, Ohio, December 27, 1837. His paternal grandparents, John and Amy (Perkins) Chamberlain, belonged to old settled families of the Empire State, and came from there to Lorain County, Ohio, in 1849. On the maternal side the ancestry leads to New England, the grandparents, Benjamin and Mahala (Boyington) Cragin, being natives of Vermont. They located in Lagrange Township, Lorain County, in the fall of 1835. Both families acquired large tracts of land in their respective townships and became prosperous and substantial additions to the county's best citizenship. George B. Chamberlain grew up on his father a farm and after marriage settled on a farm of his own in Grafton Township and for many years afterward conducted it successfully. Early in 1884 he purchased a hardware store in the Village of Lagrange, but did not survive long to conduct his new enterprise, his death occurring on July 29, 1884. George Henry Chamberlain attended the country schools in his youth and after sufficient preparation entered Oberlin College, where he spent the greater part of three years. He then turned his attention to educational work, teaching in the district schools in 1879-80, in 1882-83 in the Grafton district, and in 1883-84 in the public school at Lagrange. The death of his father in the summer of 1884 interrupted his school work, and after closing up his father 's business affairs he came to Elyria, accompanied by his mother, who has made her home with him ever since, being alive at the present time at the age of eighty-six years. He then entered upon the study of law in the office of E. G. Johnson at Elyria, and was admitted to the bar on June 7, 1887, and shortly afterward embarked in the practice of law. With the exception of six years, Mr. Chamberlain has been a continuous resident of Elyria since coming here in 1884. This interval, from 1889 to 1895, was passed at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where during that time he was a representative of the Home Life Insurance Company. He returned then to Elyria and resumed his law practice and soon became prominently connected with republican political interests. He served on the County Board of Elections for several years, and on the Board of Education of Elyria for twelve years, for five years being president of the board, and in 1901 was first elected a member of the Ohio State Senate, serving in the Seventy-fifth General Assembly, and was reelected to. the Seventy-sixth General Assembly, and was unanimously elected president pro-tern of the Senate. This was the term when President Warren G. Harding was lieutenant governor. He is chairman of the Lorain County Republican Executive Committee and still has much to .do With the shaping of party. policies 282 - HISTORY OF OHIO in this part of the state. Appointed to fill out a vacancy, he served as county recorder from July, 1916, to September, 1917. Senator Chamberlain was married June 27, 1883, to Miss Etta K. Mynderse, who was born at Lagrange, Ohio, a daughter .of Andrew C. and Louisa (Hart) Mynderse, natives of Monroe County, New York. Senator and Mrs. Chamberlain have had nine children : Charles B., who is in business at Detroit, Michigan; Geneva E., who is a teacher in the public schools; Vera, who died at the age of fourteen. years ; George H., Jr., of Elyria, who is a veteran of the World war; Gertrude, who died in 1922, at the age of thirty years ; Mrs. Etta Ruth Acker, who is a graduate nurse and served as Red Cross nurse in the World war. William A., formerly with the United States Revenue Service, is a veteran of the World war ; Robert H., who is an overseas veteran of the World war, a member of Company B, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Field Artillery, Thirty-seventh Division, resides at Elyria; and John, who resides at home. In addition to having three sons and a daughter, all volunteers, in the World war, Senator Chamberlain was chairman of all the Liberty Loan campaigns in Lorain County during the World war. Senator Chamberlain and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and for many years he has been deeply interested in its work, serving as Sunday School superintendent and as teacher and also as president of the board of trustees. In public, as well as in private life, he has concerned himself with the best interests of Elyria at all times. He is a member of the Kiwanis Club, of which he has been secretary and president, and is president of Elyria Americanization Association. JOHN SOLOMON RAREY. Much of noble significance is implied when a man gains international reputation and fame as "Rarey, the Horse 's Master and Friend, " and this worthy distinction came to the fine humanitarian whose name initiates this paragraph and who in his character and achievement conferred high honor upon his native State of Ohio, within whose gracious borders he passed the closing days of his life, his death having, occurred in the city of Cleveland, where he was visiting, on the 4th of October, 1866. Men of eminence both in the United States and in foreign lands have given rarely appreciative estimates of Mr. Rarey, and records concerning his wonderful career are preserved in the archives of the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society. In the very much circumscribed compass of the present publication it will be possible to offer only a condensed review of the life of Mr. Rarey, but this history would be incomplete were there failure to offer in its pages a tribute to his memory. From a most pleasing volume compiled by Mrs. Sara (Lowe) Brown, a niece of Mr. Rarey, is taken the following initial quotation, and to the same volume is recourse taken in preparing the remainder of this brief memoir : "It is one of the honors of Franklin County, Ohio, that early in the second quarter of the nineteenth century it produced, in the person of John Solomon Rarey, a man who bore to all the world the message that in kindness there is power. Ralph. Waldo Emerson said of him that he had turned a new leaf in civilization,' while William Lloyd Garrison testified to his 'fitness to teach the world a great and everywhere needed lesson of humanity.' " The ,young man was educated at old Groveport Academy, Bishop Washburn's School on Walnut Creek, and at Ohio Wesleyan University, but he found his message---that of kindness, to animals—in the fields and stables of his father's farm. With this message that the rule of love is the condition of greatest achievement in the use of the horse, he proceeded, when he was but thirty-one, to the state capital, to Canada, to Europe, Africa and Asia, proclaiming his gospel and working what seemed to be miracles in the taming of horses so vicious that all methods known to brutal horse-breakers had failed to subdue them. His achievements were witnessed, applauded and honored by kings, emperors and savants, and he returned to his native land to make a tour from which he emerged with the praise of reformers, philanthropists and intellectuals generally. “ Mr. Rarey's great work was done 'within a period of ten years, and it was so well done that its influence will never be lost. It gave new vitality to the societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals, and put a kindlier spirit into the methods of training horses for service in. the armies, not only of this country, but also of England and France. It taught to the cabmen and carters of London, Paris, Edinburgh and other cities the folly and wickedness of brutality to their animals, and gave to lovers of the horse everywhere, both men and women, the real key to their successful management. "Only a man of fine intelligence, good heart and real genius could have done all this. -And that is precisely what John S. Rarey was. No one can read the reports of his lectures or the accounts of his demonstrations without being convinced that he was a man of extraordinary powers of speech, of pleasing personality, of courage and confidence, never running to the extreme of egotism. He performed wonders, but he gave a reason for them and showed others how they could do as much, if they would. It was a rare lesson that Mr. Rarey taught—a lesson that men everywhere are too prone to forget. If it were applied to mankind, as one of his English admirers said, Christianity would assign him a place among the Apostles.' It is akin to the lesson that the world must learn again, if the nations are to be at peace." The significance of Mrs. Brown's final statement in the foregoing paragraph is the greater- when it is known that her book was compiled since the close of the great World war. John Solomon Rarey was born in the family homestead in Franklin County, Ohio, December 6, 1827, and was a son of Adam and Mary Catherine (Pontius) Rarey, the former a native of either Maryland or Virginia and the latter of Pennsylvania. Adam Rarey was born in the year 1786, and was a son of Charles and Margaret (Wolfe) Rarey, the former of whom was born in Nord Ottensin, Hamburg, Germany, in 1744, and the latter of whom was born in America, of English ancestry. Charles Rarey was a young man when he came to America, and after a period of experience in farm enterprise in Maryland and Virginia he came with his family to Ohio, in 1806, and became a pioneer settler on Walnut Creek, Franklin County, where he reclaimed a farm from the forest wilds and eventually became the owner of a large landed estate. Here he remained on the old homestead until his death, January 3, 1826, at the age of eighty-two years, and here his widow died October 10, 1839, aged seventy-four years. Adam Rarey likewise became one of the successful exponents of pioneer farm industry in Franklin County, and it was in the brick house that he erected, in 1826, at Grovesport, that his illustrious son, John S., was born. This house became also a place of public entertainment for travelers, and it was in this homestead that Adam and his wife passed the closing years of their lives, his death having occurred in 1839. Concerning John S. Rarey it has been stated that "one of his earliest traits was an intense fondness for the farm horses and colts," and in this connection the following quotations likewise are of special interest: "When he was twelve, his father gave him a spirited HISTORY OF OHIO - 283 bay colt to break, according to his own ideas. He did so, making the animal the marvel of the neighborhood. His fame spread, and men came hundreds of miles to be instructed by the boy in the training of horses, so that, while he was still a youth, he found himself in a prosperous business. Convinced that the horse is an animal of higher intelligence than generally supposed, and having decided to make horse-training his life work, John went to Texas, where he spent several months in studying and training the wild horses of the plains. Kindness, firmness and patience were the essentials of his system, and to these qualities the wild horses yielded as readily as did those at his Ohio, home. There he owned and trained a team of elks, which he often drove to the capital and to county fairs." In 1856 Mr. Rarey gave in the City of Columbus a public exhibition of his art, and about the same time he published a small book descriptive of his method, its principles being still used in the training of American cavalry horses. It is impossible in this brief sketch to give any details of the remarkable and triumphal tour which carried Mr. Rarey into Canada, to England and the European continent, to the Scandinavian countries, to the Orient and to Africa. Honors were heaped upon him by royalty and by the most distinguished intellectuals and men of affairs in the various countries which he visited, and it is doubtful that up to that time any other American citizen had received such distinction and such wonderful overtures in the leading lands of the civilized world. High tributes were spoken and written by great men, poems were dedicated to him, and praise and glory followed him wherever he appeared. All this is a matter of definite historical record, and the study of his life and work gives both incentive and inspiration, so that it is fortunate that there is available a large amount of information concerning his career. The student who would know more of Mr. Rarey may gain the desired direction by applying to the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society, or through the medium of correspondence with Mrs. Sara (Lowe) Brown, the niece who compiled and published the beautiful tribute from which this epitomized review is taken. It could be wished that it were possible to enter here a few of the great number of distinguished encomiums given to Mr. Rarey by great men and women of the world, but such indulgence is proscribed by the inherent limitations of this publication. He made his life one of great service and noble action, and his name and memory shall not be forgotten so long as there remain those who know and love dumb animals, especially the horse, which he himself loved and glorified. After his return to his native land, with greatly enhanced fame, he continued to make his influence known and felt in his chosen sphere of endeavor until impaired health curtailed his activities. What more fitting in closing this record than to offer the following final quotations from the rare work written by Mrs. Sara (Lowe) Brown : "On the site of the house in which he was born Mr. Rarey built a mansion where he entertained many a national celebrity, and made a home for his aged mother, to whom he showed the utmost devotion. By time his health had begun to decline. His years abroad and at home had been strenuous. In the training of horses his physical strength had been continuously taxed, and his great popularity had forced upon him extraordinary social duties. In consequence, he suffered, in December, 1865, a stroke of paralysis, from which he never recovered. * * * Accompanied by his niece, Mrs. Elizabeth Williams, he went to Cleveland for a visit, and while there died October 4, 1866. The remains were brought to Groveport, and at the Rarey mansion there, on the 7th, were held the funeral services, which were attended by friends from all parts of the country. In accordance with his wish the burial was made in the village cemetery, beside the grave of his father." In the cemetery at Groveport a stately monument marks the last resting place of this distinguished man, whose character and work represented the concrete expression of a strong, noble and loyal nature. It is pleasing to note that the fine horse, "Cruiser," that had shared largely in the fame of his loved master, was amply provided for in the will of Mr. Rarey, the noble animal having survived his master by nine years and having died on the Rarey farm July 6, 1875, when nearly twenty-four years of age. That kindness is power was the inspirational message of John. Solomon Rarey, and may time reveal to a troubled and perturbed world that this message holds good in all of the relations of human thought and action. RALPH R. EVANS, superintendent of sales for the Barnett-Smalley Company, realtors, is a younger Columbus citizen and business man, well and favorably known for his personal and civic character as well as the successful record he has made in real estate. He was born in Columbus, July 18, 1896. His father, the late Llewellyn Evans, who died in 1910, was a building contractor, and for many years was head carpenter for the Ohio State Hospital on West Broad Street in Columbus. He was also active in the Republican party. Ralph R. Evans, after completing his education, was employed one year with Yontz & Ebright, realtors, and four years by the Florida Citrus Exchange, covering a large portion of the Northern states in the interests of this fruit marketing corporation. He left there two years ago to pick up real estate salesmanship, and as head of the sales force of the Barnett-Smalley Company has contributed no small measure to the remarkable success of that corporation in developing, improving and selling a magnificent tract of land, which constitutes the biggest development in years on the West Side of Columbus. JERRY DENNIS. A lawyer of attainments won during more than thirty years of active practice before the Columbus bar, Jerry Dennis among his friends is also known for a broad and scholarly interest in the world about him, possessing a congenial social spirit and with many available points of contact with men and affairs, though personally he has preferred the quiet arena of work outside of politics, or the conventional organizations of society. Mr. Dennis was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, November 24, 1866, son of David and Margaret (Hess) Dennis. His parents were also native Ohioans, and his father devoted a long and active career to farming. David Dennis was a Union soldier throughout the Civil war period. During the Vicksburg campaign three bullets cut his cap, and while near Atlanta he was captured and was held a prisoner at Andersonville for nine months. In spite of the exposure and hardships of his army life he was spared many years, passing away at his old home in 1920. Jerry Dennis grew up on a farm, completing his literary education in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, a school then in the high pride of its reputation due to the presence and personal direction of the eminent educator, Prof. Alfred Holbrook. He was graduated in 1889 and then for three years taught in his native county, being principal of the high school at Derby, Ohio. He began the study of law under Judge Festus Walters of Circleville and continued his studies in the law department of Ohio State University, where he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Laws in 284 - HISTORY 1892, and in 1893 was awarded the Master of Laws degree. Since his admission to the bar he has been engaged in practice of his profession at Columbus. He is a member of the Franklin County and Ohio Bar associations, also the American Bar Association. All his time has been devoted to his practice, which has yielded satisfactory returns financially and in the sense of the best and most efficient expression of one 's talents and abilities. He has cultivated no fraternal or club relations, has no special hobby in sports, but takes an interest in agriculture ; he has a large acquaintance with men, particularly enjoying friendships based on mutual literary tastes. Perhaps the chief object of his attention outside of his profession has been general history, Ohio history and the. State Historical and Archaeological Society, through which he has made some efforts to preserve some record of early text books, teachers and teaching methods. He is a member of the McGuffey Society. He has a fine private library and endeavors to keep in touch with the best minds of the past as well as the present. He is a republican. Mr. Dennis married December 22, 1906, Miss Besse Ryland of Columbus. They have one son, Paul. JOHN S. SHERRITT is founder and active head of the Sherritt Professional Life Insurance Service. His principal offices are at Columbus, Ohio. The Sherritt idea is to supplement the standard provisions of the life insurance policy with a carefully worked out and mobile contract providing in an exact and economical manner against contingencies of the future and enabling the insured to leave a "contractual estate" safeguarding the risk attending the transfer of unusual financial responsibilities to an inexperienced beneficiary and also providing adequate and specific incomes throughout the life or minority of dependents. Mr. Sherritt took the general ,agency of the Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company in 1918 for the southeastern district of Ohio and all of West Virginia. In December, 1923, he resigned as general agent of the Connecticut Mutual in order to devote all of his time to the extension of the service which he originated. Mr. Sherritt's great-grandfather, James Sherritt, came from Virginia early in the last century and settled in Gallia County, in Southern Ohio. The grandfather, John Sherritt, was a minister of the Free Will Baptist Church. Ira L. Sherritt, father of the Columbus insurance man, was a teacher and farmer, and died when comparatively young. John. S. Sherritt is a graduate of Marietta College, and as a young man he took up insurance work and has given to it the best of his talents and energy. He is one of the few men in the business who have placed a million dollar policy on a single individual. Mr. Sherritt married Elizabeth Putnam Moore, of. Charleston, West Virginia. Their five children are Lila Gene; Letha Ann, John, Jr., James Henry Putnam and Mary Louise. N. A. HALLWOOD is president and general manager of the Hallwood Motor Company of Columbus, the best known automobile dealers in Central Ohio. ins business was started in 1920 as the Columbus Jordan Company, specializing in the Jordan car, but since August, 1922, has been the Hallwood Motor Company, distributors for the Stutz car and equipped for the complete Stutz service. The company is incorporated at $25,000, and has a force of twelve salesmen and other employes. He began selling automobiles in 1916, and he knows the business from the standpoint of a mechanic in the shops to general manager. Mr. Hallwood was born in Franklin County, Ohio, in 1893. His father, the late Henry S. Hallwood, who died in 1918, was born in Liverpool, England, and came to America at the age of twenty-one. He reached a high degree of fame as an inventor and business man. In early life he was a druggist and mining engineer. He became a pioneer in paving brick manufacture and was connected with twenty-three plants manufacturing this type of brick. Hundreds of miles of brick paving over the country were contracted for by organizations in which he was interested. He was also inventor of the Hallwood cash register, and was head of the company manufacturing that register, which is now made by the American Cash Register Company at Saginaw, Michigan. He had eight thousand claims on cash register patents, and his prolonged litigation with the National Cash Register Company, continuing over a period of twenty-five years, attracted general attention, and only recently the courts decided in his favor. He was also the inventor of the Hallwood Kilns for vitrifying brick, and was potentate of railroad couplers and Hallwood scales and other notable devices. His mind was thoroughly scientific, and he had a vast range of knowledge, so that he was a very capable advisor to his attorneys in litigation. His wife, Anna Hallwood, also died in 1918. N. A. Hallwood finished his education with two years attendance at Kenyon College at Gambier, Ohio, and as a youth was associated with his father in perfecting the Hallwood scale. He is a member of the Columbus Automobile Club and in college was a Delta Kappa Epsilon. LEE E. MOORE, former director of public service of. the City. of Newark, and a civil engineer of extensive experience, and is commander of the Newark Post of the American Legion, being one of the prominent ex-service men of the state. Mr. Moore was born at Newark, in 1886, son of Elmer and Jeanette (Timms) Moore.. He grew up in his native city, attending the public schools, and continued his education in Denison University at Granville, where he was graduated after taking the engineering course with the degree Bachelor of Science in the class of 1909. Mr. Moore soon after graduating from college became an employe of the engineering department of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Newark. Before America entered the World war and while located temporarily at Dayton, Mr. Moore enlisted as a private in a battery of the Ohio National Guard formed in that city, this being a unit of the Ohio Field Artillery. In the spring of 1917 the battery: was taken into the One 'Hundred Thirty-fourth Field Artillery of the National Army, and was given its preliminary training at Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Alabama, and later at Leon Springs, Texas. While in Texas Mr. Moore was commissioned a second lieutenant. He accompanied the battery overseas with the Thirty-seventh Division in June, 1918, and participated in the record made by the Thirty-seventh during the remainder of the war. After the armistice he was transferred to the Nineteenth Division, with which he served with the Army of Occupation in Germany, being stationed at Berncastle. Mr. Moore on returning home was honorably discharged in August, 1919. He then resumed service in the engineering department of the Baltimore and Ohio Railway, and he was for a time an engineer with the Ohio State Highway Department. Mr. Moore in 1921 was made director of public service of the City of Newark, holding that office until January 14, 1924. Since then he has been associated in an engineering capacity with the Ohio Power Company at. Newark. His record shows him a man of expert qualifications in his technical profession, and other qualities have brought him an enviable esteem in the community HISTORY OF OHIO - 285 where he was born and reared. Since its organization Mr. Moore has been one of the active members of Newark Post No. 85 of the American Legion, one of the largest posts in Ohio. In 1924 he was serving his second term as commander of the post. He is also a York and Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. Mr. Moore married Miss Marie Fowble, of Cincinnati. Mrs. Moore is prominent in the auxiliary organizations of the American Legion, being state secretary of the Auxiliary Board of Ohio, also state hospitalization chairman of the Legion in Ohio. FRANK SALISBURY JACKSON, born and reared at Washington Court House, son of a banker, after leaving university applied himself to a practical business and is best known by the part he has had in directing one of the oldest and most successful manufacturing intitutions in Ohio. Mr. Jackson was born February 19, 1886, son of George and Ida Jackson. His father was a merchant, farmer and president of the Washington Savings Bank. Frank Salisbury Jackson attended public schools at Washington Court House, graduated from high school and in 1908 received his degree from Western Reserve University at Cleveland. He is a stockholder in the Washington Court House Savings Bank and a director in the Baker Lumber Company, but practically his entire time is taken up with his duties as general manager of The Inskep Manufacturing Company. This is a partnership whose four members are Frank Jackson, George Jackson, G. H. Woodmansee and Dr. G. S. Hodson. The product of this business is work gloves and mittens made from cloth fabric, and it was the first manufacturing plant of its kind in the United States. It was established many years ago. The first year the business employed only ten people. Today the manufacturing plant and other departments employ 700 people. The work gloves manufactured by this company are sold and distributed all the way from Maine to California and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf. The product is distributed entirely to the jobbing trade and well known wholesale and mail order concerns. The company also maintains three branch houses, at Marion, Columbus and Springfield, Ohio. Mr. Jackson is a member of the Sigma Chi college fraternity, he is secretary of the Board of Trustees of the Presbyterian Church, and is a thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner, a director of the Young Men's Christian Association, and a member of the Rotary Club and Washington Country Club. Mr. Jackson married Miss Ethel Craig on October 20, 1908, at Washington Court House. She is a graduate of the local high school, a member of the Browning Club and Young Woman's Christian Association. There are two children, Helen Louise and Judith Ann, the former born in 1911 and the latter in 1914, both attending the grammar schools of Washington Court House. Mr. Jackson is a republican, is a member at large of ,the City Council and a trustee of the Washington Cemetery Committee. WILLIAM LUTHER LEWIS, of Circleville, Pickaway County, has found a most interesting variety of activities since he attained manhood, including a period of military service. He was elected sheriff as a representative of the law and order forces of the community, and he has performed his duties in a way to keep pace with his promises that while he did not make the laws he intended to enforce them as he found them on the books. Mr. Lewis was born September 2, 1884, at Circleville in Pickaway County, Ohio, son of William Hamilton and Clarabelle Lewis. His father was a mechanical engineer. Sheriff Lewis attended the schools of Washington Court House, Central High School at Springfield, Ohio, and has had considerable experience and devoted much time to the study of mechanical engineering. He was elected sheriff of Fayette County in 1922. Mr. Lewis is a member of the Baptist Church, and is captain of the degree team of the Junior Order United American Mechanics, an order founded by George Washington in 1779. Sheriff Lewis served with Pershing on the Mexican border in 1916, and 1917, acting as truck master of Company 49. He is a real outdoor man and finds pleasure in hunting and fishing. He is also a radio fan. He married Miss Amanda Gault, at Jeffersonville, Ohio. She was educated in the country schools. Their five children are Dorothy, born in 1904, Martha, born in 1907, Sarah, born in 1910, Clara Belle, born in 1912, and Virginia, born in 1914. Dorothy finished her education in the high school at Washington, Martha is in the Junior Class of high school, and the others are attending grammar school. Dorothy is now a special deputy county clerk. MRS. IDA BELLE ROTHROCK is one of the few women holding county office in Ohio, and is typically discharging her duties as county treasurer of Fayette County. Her public office came in 1906, when she was made deputy county treasurer. Her husband, Philip E. Rothrock, being the treasurer at that time. In 1923 she made the race for the county treasury ship. The people gave her a substantial plurality and their confidence has been well justified by the administration she has given. She is a member of the Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, is Associate Matron of the Royal Chapter No. 29 of the Eastern Star, is past grand of the Imperial Lodge of Rebeccas No. 717, is past chief of the Pythian Sisters No. 380, and a member of the Browning Club. Philip E. Rothrock has for many years been one of the well known merchants of Washington Court House, and he served for five years as treasurer of Fayette County. He is a Mason, an Odd Fellow, and a Knight of Pythias. Mr. and Mrs. Rothrock are the parents of three sons and one daughter : Philip, Vernon, Catherine and Robert, the latter having served as a volunteer in the aviation service during the World war. All three of the sons are members of the Masonic fraternity. B. F. PATTERSON is a veteran paving contractor of Ohio, being active head of a business in that line which was founded more than half a century ago. Mr. Patterson's business address is 1214 Neil Avenue, in Columbus. Several generations of this family have lived honored and useful lives in Ohio. The ancestry goes back to two Patterson brothers who came from County Down, Ireland. One of these brothers was William Patterson, who settled at Baltimore and made himself the wealthy owner of a line of ships, becoming the second wealthiest citizen in Maryland. William Patterson was the father of the famous Elizabeth Patterson, a Baltimore belle of her day, who in 1803 was married to Capt. Jerome Bonaparte, a brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who did everything in his power to break up the infatuation and who officially declared the marriage annulled, attaching Jerome back into his service and subsequently making him King of Westphalia. However, his son, Jerome Bonaparte, was recognized as a legitimate child of France and was the father of the late Charles Joseph Bonaparte, a distinguished member of President Roosevelt's cabinet. The elder Patterson brother settled on a farm at HISTORY OF OHIO - 286 what is now Homestead, Pennsylvania, and the family cemetery is still found on the old farm. His son, or possibly his grandson, Benjamin Patterson, was the founder of the family in Ohio, locating at Jersey in Licking County. In his earlier years Benjamin Patterson had been a river captain and he was also a well known builder, especially of the brick houses of that day. In building these houses it was his custom to burn the brick on the spot. Some of the 'substantial old time brick homes in that section of Ohio were erected by him. Benjamin's three sons, George W., who was born at the old farm in Licking County in 1836, Munson R. and John W. likewise followed the contracting business. George W. Patterson moved from Licking to Putnam County, and in 1875 came to' Columbus, from which time he was actively identified with the building materials and general contracting business. B. F. Patterson, son of George W. Patterson, was born at Jersey in Licking County, December 18, 1867. His birthplace was at that time the Poor House of Licking County, the superintendent of that institution being his maternal grandfather, George W. Glick. Mr. Patterson has spent his life since early boyhood in Columbus, graduated from high school there in 1888 and for a short time became foreman for Col. N. B. Abbott, then the leading contractor. In 1889 he started taking sub-contracts and in this was joined by his father in 1895. After the death of Colonel Abbott in 1910 they extended their operations to cover all the business formerly handled by Colonel Abbott. This business was conducted under the firm name of George W. Patterson & Son, and since the death of George W. Patterson in 1917, his son, B. F. Patterson, has still further expanded his operations, until he is now recognized without doubt as the largest paving contractor in this part of Ohio. A brother-in-law, five nephews and a son-in-law are associated with him in the business, and during the working season he has a force of about one hundred fifty men employed. Like Colonel Abbott he has frequently financed propositions where difficulties arose in marketing the bonds, he taking the bonds direct as payment for the job. Mr. Patterson has been very much interested as a citizen and a builder in the north side of Columbus, and is one of the strong and able men of that part of the city. He married February 14, 1894, Miss Emma Taylor of Columbus. Their one daughter is the wife of George E. Ruine, associated with her father's contracting business. Mr. Patterson and family are all active participants in the King Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church. He also belongs to a number of fraternal societies and clubs, being a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and a Kiwanian. GEORGE STANTON HODSON, M. D. One of the prominent and well known members of the medical fraternity, and one who has achieved an honorable success in his chosen field of labor, is Dr. George S. Hodson, of Washington Court House, where he has been in active .practice for more than thirty years. He is best known as a surgeon, and maintains a well equipped modern hospital in his home city. Doctor Hodson was born near the town of Highland, Highland County, Ohio, October 8, 1866. He attended high schools at Westboro, Ohio, and in early manhood determined to devote his talent to the medical profession. In 1890, accordingly, he entered the Pulte Homeopathic Medical College at Cincinnati. He graduated with his class in 1894, and at once engaged in practice at Washington Court House. In the spring of 1912, he established and opened a hospital at Washington Court House, which he has since successfully conducted as a private institution, for the treatment of his own patients. This was the first hospital in the city, or in Fayette County, and Doctor Hodson also has the honor of being the first to perform major surgical operations in Fayette County. His enterprise and. progressiveness have given his community the advantages of a modern, thoroughly equipped hospital, which has been maintained without donations, or drain upon the public purse. Doctor Hodson's education has never been concluded, since in addition to the local opportunities accorded. by his unusually heavy practice he has taken many post-graduate courses. He has received diplomas from the New York Polyclinic, New York Post-Graduate Hospital, Chicago Homeopathic Medical College and numerous times has attended clinics of the famous Mayo Hospital, Rochester, Minn. In addition to his professional labor, Doctor Hodson has been actively identified with the civic and industrial affairs of his community and is the owner of substantial business interests and real estate, including valuable farm property in Fayette County. He is one of the four partners of the Inskep Manufacturing Company and a stockholder in the Washington Court House Savings Bank. During the World war he was a member of the Medical Reserve Corps, authorized by the National Council of defense and is a republican in politics. He is a golf enthusiast, and he and Mrs. Hodson have spent a number of winters in Florida. Doctor Hodson married at Leesburg, Ohio, May 15, 1889, Miss Fanny Johnson. She was educated in the Leesburg High School, graduated in 1882 from the Highland Institute at Hillsboro, Ohio, and completed her musical education at Cincinnati Conservatory of Music in 1886. Mrs. Hodson is a member of the Cecilian Musical Club, and the Eastern Star. Doctor and Mrs. Hodson had one son, Edmond Johnson Hodson, who was born at Leesburg, Ohio, in 1890. He was educated in the grammar and high school of his native town, spent two years in a private military school at Germantown, Ohio, and was a student in Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware when his promising life was cut short at the early age of twenty years. Doctor Hodson is a member of the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society, the Miami Valley Homeopathic Medical Society, and the American Institute of Homeopathy, the latter being the oldest national medical society in America. In fraternal circles Doctor Hodson is well known as a distinguished member of the time honored Masonic fraternity, of whose principles and teachings he has long been a thorough and careful student. He has received the thirty-second degree in Scottish Rite Masonry, is a past master of Fayette Lodge No. 107, Free and Accepted Masons; and is past commander of Garfield Commandery No. 28, Knights Templar. He is a charter member of the Washington Court House Country Club, while both he and Mrs. Hodson are members of the Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, in which the Doctor has long served as a trustee. MARION ELROY WILSON, superintendent of schools of Fayette County, has in connection with educational work been active as a farmer and business man in his native county, and' s one of the most favorably known citizens in that section of the state. He was born in Perry Township of Fayette County, September 1, 1867, son of Churchill Wilson, a descendant of Murry Wilson, one of the earliest pioneers of Fayette County.. Marion E. Wilson was reared on a farm attended public and private schools, continuing his higher education in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, and was graduated in 1896 from the Ohio Northern University at Ada. Mr. Wilson's present term as superintendent of schools in Fayette County expires in 1926. He is owner of a HISTORY OF OHIO - 287 farm near Good Hope, and owns and operates a successful general mercantile business at Jeffersonville, though his official home is Washington Court House. Mr. Wilson is a democrat, and is a former trustee of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Jeffersonville. He is a Mason, being a member of Jefferson Chapter No. 68, Royal Arch Masons, and Eastern Star Chapter No. 300. His business at Jeffersonville is conducted under the firm name of M. E. Wilson & Sons. During the World war he acted as a member of the local section of the National Council of Defense. On August 6, 1891, at Good Hope, Mr. Wilson married Miss Fannie Cyrene Jones. She was educated in country schools and the National Normal University at Lebanon, and was a popular teacher until 1893. She is a member of the Jeffersonville Chapter of the Eastern Star. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have five talented sons. The oldest, Loren Elbert, born in 1894, was educated in the Jeffersonville High School and is a well known tenor soloist who has done much concert work, and his voice was cultivated at the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music. The second son, Omar Burle, born in 1897, graduated from the Jcffersonville High School, and for two years previously had been leader of the High School Glee Club and Methodist Church choir. His voice is bass baritone. He continued the education of his exceptional talent in a Cincinnati conservatory, but just before graduating he entered the Officers Training Camp, was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Aviation Corp, and while on duty contracted tuberculosis. Since then he has been making a gradual recovery. In the meantime, in December, 1918, he resumed his work in the Cincinnati School of Music, teaching voice, and in 1919 went for one season on the road with the Chicago Opera Company. For two years he has been teacher of voice at DePauw University at Greencastle, Ind. Marion Jones Wilson, the third son, born in 1900, graduated in 1918 from the Jeffersonville High School, and is now taking the regular literary course and music at DePauw University. Donald Gene Wilson, born in 1904, graduated from the Leesburg High School in 1922, completed a general business course and graduated from Bliss Business College in 1923, and is now in the paymaster 's department of the Hocking Valley Railway at Columbus. The youngest son is Max Elroy, born in 1909, a student in the Washington Court House High School. ARCHIE DEAN WOODMANSEE, M. D. An Ohio physician and surgeon who was on active duty behind the battle lines of France in the World war, Doctor Woodmansee has given most of his professional services and private practice to the community of Washington Court House and Fayette County. His offices are at 134 E. Market Street in Washington Court House. Doctor Woodmansee was born at Highland, in Highland County, Ohio, October 23, 1893, son of Frank S. and Rebecca (Hixon) Woodmansee. His father was a well-to-do farmer. Archie Dean Woodmansee was reared on a farm, attended the public schools at Highland, graduated from high school in Tune, 1911, and subsequently spent three years in the Cleveland Pulte Medical College at Cleveland and one year in Ohio State University at Columbus, where he graduated Doctor of Medicine with the class of 1915. He practiced for a time at Washington Court House, but from 1916 to 1918 was a physician at Circleville, Ohio. Shortly after returning to Washington Court House he volunteered, and in June, 1918, was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps. On July 4, 1918, he left the United States, arriving at LaHavre, France, July 10, and was at once assigned to duty at Base Hospital No. 48. After five days in a hospital center in Southern France he was put on detached service at Chaumont, the headquarters of General Pershing, and while there was made a member of operating team No. 32 and dispatched for duty at evacuation hospital No. 5 at Chateau Thierry, a hospital located between the artillery lines. From that time forward he helped to perform the ever dangerous duty of a field surgeon, and was close to the fighting in the various areas of St. Mihiel, Verdon, the Argonne, and finally was in Belgium during the last days of the great war, until the armistice on November 11th. Doctor Woodmansee is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. He is a stockholder in the Farm Chemical Company of Columbus, which was incorporated in 1923, with a capital of $100,000. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, to the Rotary Club, and was one of the founders of the Anglers Club of Washington Court House. This club, with a membership limited to twenty-five, has purchased a small lake stocked with bass and blue gills. Doctor Woodmansee regards as his favorite recreation hunting and fishing, and every summer spends some time in Northern Michigan. He married at Washington Court House, August 2, 1916, Miss Edna Chenault, who was reared and educated in Pickaway County, graduating from the New Holland High School there in 1911. Her higher education was continued in Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, where she graduated in 1915, and for about a year remained there as assistant librarian in the university library, until her marriage. Mrs. Woodmansee is a member of the Browning Club and the Mother 's Circle. They have two children: Jean, born in 1918, and Robert Dean, born in 1919. HON. ATLEE POMERENE, who for twelve years represented Ohio in the United States Senate, has conferred additional distinction upon the family long held in high esteem in Ohio. He is a son of Dr. Peter P. Pomerene, of Holmes County, whose career is briefly sketched on other pages. Several Pornerenes have been able physicians, but Atlee Pomerene early chose the law as his vocation. He was born at Berlin in Holmes County, December 6, 1863. He was educated in village schools, in Vermilion Institute at Hayesville, where for one year he was tutor of Latin and Greek, and in 1884 graduated from Princeton College. In 1886 he obtained his degree in law at the Cincinnati Law School, Princeton having conferred upon him the Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts degrees, while in recognition of his public services the Bachelor of Laws degree was given him by Mount Union-Scio College in 1913, the College of Wooster in 1919, and Miami University in 1921. Mr. Pomerene engaged in the practice of law at Canton in 1886. He served as city solicitor from 1887 to 1891, in 1896 was elected and served three years as prosecuting attorney of Stark County, and in 1906 Governor Harris appointed him a member of the Honorary Tax Commission of Ohio. In June, 1910, he was chairman of the Ohio State Democratic Convention at Dayton, which nominated him for lieutenant governor on the ticket with Governor Judson Harmon. He was elected lieutenant governor November 8, 1910, but on January 10, 1911, the General Assembly chose him United States senator to succeed Senator Charles Dick. On November 7, 1916, he was reelected by vote of the people, and his second term expired March 3, 1923. Senator Pomerene was in the Senate throughout the period of the World War, and his name is associated with many phases of wartime legislation and debate. He was particularly interested while in the Senate in matters coming before the committee on banking 288 - HISTORY OF OHIO and currency, the committee on foreign relations, the committee on interstate commerce, and in subjects affecting the national marine. Senator Pomerene acted as chairman of the State Democratic Convention at Columbus in August, 1918. Since leaving the Senate, on March 4, 1923, he has visited South America with a special congressional committee' named by former President Harding for the purpose of cultivating more friendly relations between North America and South America. This commission left Washington March 4, 1923, returning the first of June. Immediately after that Mr. Pomerene associated himself with the law firm of Squire, Sanders and Dempsey of Cleveland. In the spring of 1924 he was one of two men selected by President Coolidge as special counsel to prosecute the Tea Pot Dome Oil Lease cases, Owen J. Roberts of Philadelphia, being the other oil counsel. Mr. Pomerene married in 1892, Miss Mary Helen Bockius. THOMAS GEIGER BEEM, Doctor of Chiropractic, is one of the very successful men in his particular field of healing in Ohio. He practices at Washington Court House, his partner and active associate being his wife, in the firm of Beem and Beem. Doctor Beem was born at Newark, Ohio, May 19, 1887. His father, Rev. A. K. Beem, was a Universalist minister, but after. 1906 devoted his time to religious lecturing, and died in June, 1917. Thomas Geiger Beem was well educated, attending the common schools and subsequently the high school at Benton Harbor, Michigan. He left high school to take up dramatic art, and at the age of eighteen was playing the part of the Deacon in the play "David Harum. For twelve years his work brought him in close contact with the stage and lecture platform. In 1918 he graduated from the Ross College of. Chiropractic at Fort Wayne, Indiana, his wife completing the course and graduating at the same time. Since then they have conducted a successful practice at Washington Court House, and have made many friends for their profession. Mrs. Beem before her marriage was Margaret Louise Keeney, a native of Pennsylvania, who graduated from high school. Doctor Beem is affiliated with Fayette Lodge No. 107, Free and Accepted Masons, Columbus Consistory of the Scottish Rite, the Eastern Star, the Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine, and is also a member of Lodge No. 129 of the Benevolent and Protective Order' of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodman of the World. He belongs to the Fish and Game Association of Fayette County, is a republican and a member of the First Presbyterian Church. Doctor Beem had those interests that make him a most companionable individual, and as recreation from his professional labors he follows baseball and football, enjoys motoring and is a radio fan. POPE GREGG has for nearly forty years practiced law and made an enviable reputation as a man of forceful ability in the Fayette County Bar. He was born in that section of Ohio, and his success has been a matter of depending upon himself for every step of advancement. He was born near Jeffersonville, in Fayette County, July 3, 1862, son of John F. and Mary J. (Leggett) Gregg. His father died in 1891. Mr. Gregg has three brothers and four sisters : Lott, Ace, Nye, Mary, Ann, Cos and May. Mr. Gregg attended public schools at Jeffersonville, including the high school, and finished his literary education in Buchtel College at Akron. He taught school during the winters in Fayette County from 1882 to 1885, worked on his father's farm during the summers and he also managed to find time to carry on the study of law. Admitted to the bar in 1886, he has since then engaged in practice at Washington Court House and handles a large and varied general practice. He is a stockholder in the Citizens Bank at Jeffersonville. From 1908 to 1912 Mr. Gregg was prosecuting attorney of Fayette County. He served six terms as city solicitor. He is a past master of the Masonic Lodge and a past grand of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He married Miss Loa Gray, who was educated in the public schools at Jeffersonville and in the Valparaiso University in Indiana. She has used her training and abilities as a stenographer to good purpose in assisting her husband in his law work. She is active in church, is past worthy matron of the Eastern Star Chapter, and a member of the Browning Club and Rebekahs. Mr. Gregg's favorite recreation is hunting and fishing. GEORGE SHELBY THRELKELD has been one of the live and progressive citizens of Jeffersonville for over a quarter of a century. For some years he was in the railroad service here, but his chief business has been grain dealing. He is now cashier of the Farmers Bank of Jeffersonville. He was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, December 29, 1868, and was four years of age when his parents moved to Audrain County, Missouri. His father was Elijah Threlkeld and his grandfather was John Threlkeld. Elijah Threlkeld was born near the Town of Eminence, Kentucky, and is a retired farmer now living with his children at St. Joseph, Missouri. Besides George Shelby there were six other children, three sons and three daughters: Kirby, born in 1868, a twin brother of George Shelby, in the grain business at Columbus, Ohio; Benjamin, born in 1879, and Kirtland, born in 1884, both salesmen living at St. Joseph, Missouri; Mrs. Sophia Regil, whose husband is in the tailoring business at Omaha; Mrs. Anna Ball, wife of a carpenter at St. Joseph ; Mrs. Kate Bush, wife of a building contractor at St. Joseph, Missouri. George Shelby Threlkeld during the winter months for twelve years attended country schools in Northeastern Missouri, and during the summer vacations worked on the farm for wages. In 1887, when he was nineteen years of age, he came to Ohio to visit his uncle, Mr. B. F. Leland. He learned telegraphy, and his first job was with the old Ohio Southern Railway at Jeffersonville. This road subsequently became part of the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton, which is now owned by Henry Ford. For three years he was telegraph operator at Jeffersonville, after which he engaged in the grain elevator business with G. W. Blessing, and has been in this business ever since. The business is now known as the Threlkeld and Blessing Grain Company, of which he is a half owner. Mr. Threlkeld a number of years ago became a stockholder in the Farmers Bank of Jeffersonville, and since 1921 has been its cashier. The bank was organized about thirty years ago, with a capital of $20,000, and its resources in 1924 aggregated $500,000. Mr. Threlkeld has made good use of his opportunities in a business way, and is owner of two farms, devoted to the raising of grain and hogs. He married at Jeffersonville, Ohio, July 20, 1901, Miss Rachael Blessing, who was born near that town, in Fayette County, May 9, 1871, and was educated in grammar and high schools. She is a member of the Methodist Church and president of the Ladies' Aid Society, is past worthy matron of the Eastern Star Chapter and 'a member of the. Progress Club and the Local Educational Club. Her father, William Blessing, who died at Jeffersonville at the age of seventy-two, was a prominent inventor, being patentee HISTORY OF OHIO - 289 of the Blessing Corn Planter, well known among the farmers of the past generation. Mr. Threlkeld is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and a democrat in politics. GEORGE WILLIAM BLESSING is a manager of the Jeffersonville Grain Elevator, and has been in the grain business in Fayette County for over a quarter of a century. His name has also been closely identified with the civic life of the community, and he served a number of years as mayor and in other local offices. Mr. Blessing was born at Blessing Station in Fayette County, Ohio, July 18, 1874, and represents a pioneer Ohio family and is of old Colonial ancestors. His great-great-grandfather, John Blessing, was born in Shenandoah County, Virginia, and died in 1828. His wife, Clarinda Skeen, was also born in Shenandoah County, her grandfather, Colonel Bird, having been one of the conspicuous American soldiers in the War of the Revolution. Abram Blessing, son of John and Clarinda Blessing, was born in Shenandoah County in 1801, and was a pioneer in Ohio. He died about 1882, his wife, Phebe Mock, was born in Green County, Ohio, in 1803, and died and was buried at Jeffersonville in 1885. Their son, Austin Blessing, was born at Spring Valley, Ohio, April 27, 1829, and died at Jeffersonville at the age of eighty-one, in 1909. He was buried at South Solon. His wife, Mary J. McKillip, was born near Blessing Station about 1831, and died there April 2, 1892, and was laid to rest at South Solon. Their son, Lisbon Marcus Blessing, was born near Blessing Station November 11, 1852, and died July 16, 1895, being buried with his parents at South Solon. His wife was Mame Beers Kinney, born at Bloomingsburg, Ohio, December 3, 1852, finished her education at London, Ohio, and for five years was a teacher at South Solon and Jeffersonville. She was the mother of George William Blessing and also of a daughter, Cora Elizabeth, who was born at Blessing Station in 1876, and is the wife of Job Holland, a live stock salesman living at Springfield. Mr. and Mrs. Holland have one child, Raymond M. George William Blessing was educated in common schools in Fayette County, finished the course of the grade schools at. Springfield, and also graduated from Nelson's Business College there. As a young man he became associated with G. S. Threlkeld in the grain business, comprising the Threlkeld and Blessing Grain Company, owning and operating the grain elevator at Jeffersonville. Mr. Blessing's chief hobby has been fine harness horses, and he is well known on the turf and track, owning several horses that have made creditable records. He was mayor of Jeffersonville from 1903 to 1905, and also served three terms as a member of the Council, for three terms was on the local school board and for two years township assessor and appraiser. During the World war he was chairman of the Local War Chest Committee. He is a democrat in politics. Mr. Blessing married December 8, 1895, at Springfield, Ohio, Miss Mary Florence Fawkes who was born at Jeffersonville and educated in the public schools there and at Chattanooga, Tennessee. Her father was for many years a railroad engineer, serving the old Ohio Southern Railway and a number of southern railroads, and is now living retired at Chattanooga, at the age of seventy-one. Mrs. Blessing is a member of the Progress Club, the Methodist Episcopal Church and was first worthy matron of the Eastern Star Chapter. The oldest of the three children of Mr. and Mrs. Blessing is Flora Louise, born in 1897, she was educated in the grammar and high schools of Jeffersonville, where she graduated in 1915, and is a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware with the Bachelor of Arts degree, and for two years taught in the high school at Troy, Ohio, spent one year in the high school at Monticello, Florida, and one year at Palmetto, Florida. In 1923 was married to C: L. Rogers at Palmetto, Florida, where he is manager of the New York Fruit Packing Company. The only son of Mr. and Mrs. Blessing is Richard Austin Blessing, born in 1899, and educated in the grammar and high schools of Jeffersonville. He graduated in 1918 from the business college at Oberlin, Ohio, and completed the course in commerce and journalism at Ohio State University at Columbus, graduating in 1923. He is now a member of the faculty at the Meredith Business College at Zanesville, Ohio. The third child is Grace Mame, born in 1906. She has completed the public school work at Jeffersonville, and in 1924 entered the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music. Mr. Blessing is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a Knight Templar and a Shriner. THOMAS JOHNSON. A busy and constructive career has been that of Thomas Johnson of Columbus. For over a third of a century one of the prominent coal operators of Ohio. That was an industry in which he started at the beginning as a boy worker in the mines, and at one time he was executive official and a large owner in several companies operating over Ohio, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia fields. He still has some large interests in the coal business, but both his vocation and recreation are found in the ownership and operation of one of the finest stock farms in Ohio, known as the Oaklands, located west of Columbus. Mr. Johnson represents a family that has been prominent in Ohio coal circles for a great many years. He was born in England and was eight years of age when his parents came to America and located at Niles in Trumbull County, Ohio, in 1862. In 1872 Mr. Johnson moved to Nelsonville. In 1880 he and his three brothers began business as coal mine operators and distributors. It was first known as Johnson Brothers and Patterson until 1886, when the brothers incorporated the New Pittsburgh Coal Company. In 1892 the general offices of the New Pittsburgh Coal Company were moved to Columbus. As a corporation the New Pittsburgh Coal Company became well known throughout the Hocking Valley and in other mining centers of Ohio, where the company operated mines. In 1902 the Pittsburgh Coal Company of Pittsburgh, bought the stock of the New Pittsburgh Coal Company. Later in the same year the former stockholders of the New Pittsburgh Coal Company organized the Johnson Coal Mining Company and opened and developed two mines in Greene County, Indiana, this property being later acquired by the Vandalia Coal Company, of Indianapolis. In the meantime and until 1908 the Johnson Coal Mining Company operated some mines in the Hocking Valley and since then its properties have been chiefly absorbed by the Lorraine Coal & Dock Company, which Mr. Johnson assisted in organizing in 1900. He had been president and treasurer of the other corporations named and he is still a large individual stockholder and a director and member of the advisory committee of the Lorraine Company, which maintains its general offices in Columbus, and operates mining properties chiefly in Belmont County, Ohio. The company also owns 16,000 acres of coal lands in Marshall County, West Virginia ; 5,000 acres in Logan County, West Virginia, with two mines in operation, and 14,000 acres in Belmont County, Ohio, with five mines in operation. Mr. Johnson, after thirty-five years of carrying heavy responsibilities as manager and official in the coal industry, retired about 1915, and has since spent most of his time at his attractive rural home of the 290 - HISTORY OF OHIO Oaklands. The 764 acres in this farm he acquired in 1898. He has since made it equal to the best anywhere for purposes of feeding cattle. The feeding sheds accommodate 1,000 head, and the equipment also includes a large grain elevator with electrically driven machinery for grinding feed. There are several immense silos, and the entire crop of corn raised on the place is converted into silage. Mr. Johnson has made a close study of scientific feeding methods and has proved the value of the balanced rations. Unlike many wealthy men, he has operated this farm not entirely as an expensive luxury, but has made it profitable as well as a source of recreation. On the farm he has a beautiful home with attractive grounds. For several years Mr. Johnson has made a practice of buying calves on the Texas ranges, and feeding them at Oaklands until they are little more than a year old. They are then marketed at David Davies' Packing House at Columbus, and go to the consumers in the form of " Thomas johnson's Baby Beef," a product highly esteemed in this section. of Ohio. Mr. Johnson is a trustee of the Broad Street Methodist Episcopal Church at Columbus. Mr. Johnson has long been a member of the Masonic fraternity, having been admitted to membership in the order when he was twenty-one years of age. He has received the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, is a Knight Templar and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Scioto Country Club, the Columbus Country Club, and the Athletic Club. He is a member of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, in which he served many years as a director. JOHN LOGAN. In the forty odd years of his law practice John Logan has handled a large and varied routine of legal business in the courts of Fayette and adjoining counties. He has held few public positions, but his ambition has been directed rather to performance within the limits of his profession than to the many outside interests that claim attention from a lawyer. Mr. Logan was born on a farm about four miles from Moscow, in Clermont County, Ohio January 30, 1857. His grandfather, John Logan, came from Pennsylvania, was a major in the American army in the War of 1812, and died in Clermont County in 1863. His wife, Elizabeth, died about 1840, in Washington Township of Clermont County. The father of the Washington Court House attorney was Lewis Ashby Logan, who was born in November of 1822, and for many years was in the Government service. He died in Cincinnati at the age of seventy-one, and was buried in Brown County, Ohio. John Logan spent most of his boyhood in Cincinnati, where he attended public schools, graduating from the Hughes High School in June 1875. From 1876 to 1879 he was a teacher, and then entered the law offices of Marshall J. Williams. Mr. Williams in 1884 became judge of the First Judicial Circuit, and in 1886 was elevated to the State Supreme Bench and was an. associate justice until his death on July 7, 1902. In 1881 Mr. Logan was admitted to the bar, and practiced at Washington Court House as a partner of Judge Williams until 1885, when the latter went on the bench. He then took over Judge Williams' practice, and has been fully engaged in the work of his profession ever since. He is a stockholder in the First National Bank of Mount Sterling, Ohio. From 1883 to 1885 he served as village solicitor of Washington Court House, and during the World war was chairman of the Legal Advisory Board. His brothers and sisters are: Samuel Taylor Logan, born in 1855, now principal of the Avondale Public School at Cincinnati; Harry C., born in 1858, a resident of Cincinnati and the father of a son, Bruce, now twenty-seven years of age ; Frank Porter Logan, born in 1863, chief engineer in a Cleveland hospital; and Anna Elizabeth, born in 1861, who was principal of the Normal Department of Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, and is now assistant superin- tendent of the Cincinnati public schools. Mr. John Logan married at Washington Court House, October 26; 1887, Miss Elizabeth Belle Pearce, who was educated in the public schools of Washington Court House, and is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Her father, Elgar B. Pearce, was a newspaper man, and died in Washington Court House in 1866. Mr. Logan is affiliated with the Masonic Order, a member of the. Royal Arch Chapter at Milford, Ohio, until 1879, when he transferred to Washington Court House. He also belongs to Garfield Commandery of the Knights Templar, is a member of the Elks and is a republican. EDMOND ARTHUR WEEKS, M. D. A physician and surgeon at Akron since 1901, Doctor Weeks has built up a widely extended practice in internal medicine. He is visiting physician to the People's Hospital, and is chief of the medical staff of the Children's Hospital. Doctor Weeks represents the fourth generation of one of the old and honored families in the Western Reserve of Ohio. The founder of this family was Leavit Weeks, who came from Vermont and settled at Wadsworth, Ohio, where his son Darius was born in 1825. Darius cleared and improved a farm in Summit County, and died at Akron in 1880. His wife, Elizabeth Wilcox, was born in 1828, at what was then one of the far western military outposts, Fort Pickering, Iowa, the commanding officer of which was her father, Maj. John R. Wilcox, a West Point graduate. Arthur John Weeks, father of Doctor Weeks, was born in Summit County, June 28, 1847, was reared on a farm, was graduated with the degree of Civil Engineer in 1871 from Bethany College in West Virginia, and did engineering work for the Tuscarawas Valley Railway, and on one of the divisions of the Baltimore & Ohio Railway. However, the field of work in which his talents brought him the greatest distinction was in the manufacture of chemical or acid proof stoneware, being the pioneer in the manufacture of this product in the Akron district, a business he continued until his death in 1921. He served eight years as a member of the Akron Board of Education, was a member of the first Board of. Equalization, and performed other public duties. He married Lovina Humbert, who was born near Uniontown, in Stark County, Ohio, and died in 1907, at the age of fifty-seven. Edmond Arthur Weeks, only son of the late Arthur John Weeks, was born at his mother 's old home in Stark County July 22, 1875, but has spent most of his life in Akron. He graduated from high school in 1894, spent two years in Buchtel College; and in 1900 graduated from the Medical Department of Western Re serve University, and later did post-graduate work in New York City. In 1901 he engaged in a general practice at Akron, and early in his career, attracted attention by his special skill. He has been visiting physician to the Children's Hospital for the last fifteen years, and was chief of the medical staff of that institution during the years 1923-24. He was visiting obstetrician to the People's Hospital for ten years, and is now one of its visiting physicians. Since 1921 he has served as a member of the City Health Board,. and is a former vice president and president of the Summit County Medical Society and a member of the Sixth District, the Ohio State and American Medical associations. During the World war he served in the Volunteer Medical Corps. HISTORY OF OHIO - 291 Doctor Weeks is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the City Club, the Masonic Club, Akron Lodge No. 80, Free and Accepted Masons, and has always been an outdoor enthusiast. He married at Canton, Ohio, July 11, 1900, Miss Dora Alice Blum, the leading pianist of Canton. Mrs. Weeks was at an early age a prodigy in music. She started her career as a concert pianist at the age of fourteen, and continued in the profession until her marriage. She appeared in Ohio and throughout the Middle West. The only child of Doctor and Mrs. Weeks is Elizabeth, a graduate of the Hathaway-Brown School at Cleveland and now assistant art instructor in the institution. JUDGE EDWARD E. CORN earned his early distinction as a lawyer in Southern Ohio, in Lawrence County. He served two terms as judge of the Court of Common Pleas of that county. For the past four years Judge Corn has been an official resident of Columbus, one of the special attorneys of the attorney-general's department and acting as attorney for the State Public Utilities Commission. Edward E. Corn was born in Lawrence County, in 1867, son of William and Sarah (Doddridge) Corn. He spent his boyhood on a farm in Perry Township of his native county, was educated in the common schools, and as a youth made plans to satisfy his ambition for a professional career. He was the first pupil to go from Lawrence County to the Ohio Northern University at Ada, and made an exceptionally good record as a student there. He was graduated with the class of 1892. In the meantime he had begun the study of law at Ironton, was admitted to the bar in 1893, and in his examinations he made the highest mark that had been reached by any applicant for the bar in the state up to that time. Judge Corn began practice at Ironton in 1893, and for several years concentrated all his energies upon the work of his profession, without any particular outside or political interests. He was already a very successful attorney and a man of high standing in the profession when he was elected prosecuting attorney of Lawrence County in 1903. He served three years, until 1906. In 1906 he was elected judge of the Common Pleas Court of that county, and by reelection in 1912 served a period of twelve years on the bench. As one of the able men in his profession in Southern Ohio he was called in February, 1919, by Atty.-Gen. John G. Price, to the office of special assistant attorney general. At that time he was assigned the responsible duties of attorney for the Public Utilities Commission, and has been retained in that capacity by Atty.-Gen. C. C. Crabbe. In the past four years he has represented the Public Utilities Commission in all the State and Federal courts, including the Supreme Court of the United States. He has had charge of important and often far reaching litigation, including all matters affecting the public utilities of Ohio, involving among other interests railroad rates. His skillful handling of such matters has won for him both popular and professional commendation from all sides. Judge Corn still retains his home at Ironton, and for years has been one of the most public spirited and devoted citizens of that city and his native county. During the World war he acted as chairman of the Legal Advisory Board of Ironton, and also had charge of the entrainment of troops leaving Lawrence County. Judge Corn himself had military experience during the Spanish-American war, serving as a volunteer with the old Seventh Ohio Regiment. He is a York and Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and other fraternities, and is a member of the McGuffey Society in Columbus. Judge Corn married Miss Nellie E. Silbaugh. They have one daughter, Mrs. Lillian C. Morris. THE BUCKEYE STEEL CASTINGS COMPANY. One of the largest plants in the industrial district of the City of Columbus is the Buckeye Steel Castings Company, a company that does a large business with railroads and industrial corporations, building railroad cars and locomotives. It is the outgrowth of business interests running back almost a half century in Columbus. At one time there were two local industries, one known as the Buckeye Malleable Iron Company and the other the Timms Coupler Company. In 1894 these were consolidated as the Buckeye Malleable Iron and Coupler Company, and still later, in 1903, the business title was changed to the Buckeye. Steel Castings Company. The original plant was on North Fourth Street at Russell, and was operated until 1904, making malleable iron castings. The company erected its present plant in 1902 on new ground at Parsons Avenue and the Hocking Valley Railway, and in this latter plant steel castings only are made. Maj. W. F. Goodspeed formerly of Cleveland, after securing the interests of Messrs. Munson and Hayden, served as president and devoted his activities to this business until his death in 1905. James Timms, inventor, continued as designer with the company until 1903. Shortly after Major Goodspeed 's connection with the company the automatic car coupler had become the largest single item in the manufacturing output, and still is an important product. In later years the facilities have been adapted for the manufacture of other cast steel specialties for freight cars and locomotives, principally truck side frames, truck bolsters and draft gear yokes. The business has enjoyed remarkable growth. In 1902 the capital was $800,000, and now there is $1,000,000 of preferred stock and $4,500,000 of common stock. About forty acres of land is practically covered, the various structures including offices, foundry, auxiliary buildings and stock yards. About 1,800 men are employed normally, the monthly pay-roll running as high as $300,000. Altogether about $750,000 are put into local circulation through the channels of this company each month. The product finds market in many countries as well as throughout the United States. For a short time after the death of Major Goodspeed the president of this company was Frank Rockefeller, of Cleveland. In 1907, Mr. Rockefeller was succeeded by Mr. S. P. Bush, who has now been the active executive head of the industry for over fifteen years, having entered the service of the company in 1901 as general manager. J. C. Whitridge, vice president, came to the business in 1902, and is in charge of sales. A. H. Thomas is vice president in charge of operation. George T. Johnson, production engineer, has been granted many letters patent. The oldest man in the business in point of continuous service is Arno Eberlein, the present secretary and treasurer of the company, Mr. Eberlein having been with the company since 1886. J. D. CLEARY, proprietor of the J. D. Cleary Commerce Detective Bureau at Columbus, has been engaged in the work of the detective profession since he reached his majority and has built up one of the most successful agencies in the state. He was born in Columbus, March 1, 1886. His father, James C. Cleary, a native of Boston, was brought to Columbus when a boy and for many years was in business as a merchant. He is also remembered as holding many public positions such 292 - HISTORY OF OHIO as councilman and infirmary director. He was a leader in the democratic party and associated with such prominent men as Allen B. Thurman. J. D. Cleary was educated in public schools at Columbus, including high school, and in 1907 entered the employ of the John J. Mahoney Detective Service. In 1910 he established his private agency, the J. D. Cleary Commerce Detective Bureau, with offices in the Chamber of Commerce Building. For a year or two he handled all the work alone, but has since built up a broadly efficient service with about two score trained employes and operatives. His agency is affiliated with the Ohio Association of Detective Agencies, in which he has been honored with the office of president, and also with the International Secret Service Association, of which he is a member of the board of governors. Mr. Cleary married Laura J. Lewis of an old and prominent family of Worthington, Ohio. They have two sons, James Lewis and Robert Burr. Mr. Cleary is a member of the Knights of Columbus and Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. JOHN C. FINNERAN from the standpoint of continuous experience is one of the oldest business men in the City of Columbus. His name has appeared individually or in partnership connections for nearly half a century as a merchant. He is also branch postmaster, having charge of one of the largest branch postoffices in the city. He was born November 10, 1857, on North State Street in Columbus, on the site of the present Davis Hotel. His father, William Finneran, came from County Galway, Ireland, in 1847, and for thirty years was connected with the old Columbus Machine Company on the west side: He built the first house on Goodale Street, between Park House and the river. He died when sixty-six years of age. John C. Finneran was reared in Columbus, had a brief schooling, and when twelve years of age began working as a clerk and has been selling goods for his employers or for himself ever since, a period of fifty-five years. In 1876 he engaged in business for himself as a member of the old and well remembered shoe firm of Finneran and Cassidy on High Street. His business is still that of a shoe merchant. Mr. Finneran has been prominent in city affairs. He was a member of the Council, representing the Twelfth Ward in 1889-1890. He was instrumental in securing the opening of Frunt Street and Goodale Street, from Vaughten to Park Street, and in locating the East Side Market and in building the High Street viaduct. During the year 1889 more than $1,000,000 was spent on street improvements, and these improvements were vital preliminaries in the modern development of the city. Mr. Finneran in 1903 removed to the south end of Columbus, erecting one of the first buildings on South Parsons Avenue, and was influential in securing the opening of Barthan Avenue from Parsons to High Street, the intersection with Parsons becoming the business center for the southern part of the city. In 1907' a branch postoffice was established there, and Mr. Finneran has ever since acted as postmaster. The business of the office has so increased as to demand practically all .his time. He has been an active member. of the South Columbus Improvement Association. At the age of twenty-seven Mr. Finneran married Miss Margaret Mullen. Their oldest child, John Finneran, is a graduate of Ohio State University and a contractor and builder. James Edward is purchasing agent for the Buckeye Steel Castings Company. Theresa is now Sister Renegia of St. Francis Order, and a teacher at Sacramento, California. Two other daughters are Margaret and Ruth, the latter a teacher. Russell P., a graduate of Ohib State University, is a coal dealer. Joseph is a student of medicine in Ohio State University and one of the prominent university athletes. Maria is a graduate of St. Aloysius Academy. The family resides at 676 South Twenty-second Street, and all of them are members of St. John's. Catholic Church. WALTER. H. RICHTER. During the last half century a great deal of the most expert work in house construction at Columbus has been performed by the contracting organizations of either the late Henry Richter or his. son, Walter H. Richter. The latter is a building contractor specializing on reconstruction and remodeling work. Some of the finest of the older homes of Columbus testify to the thoroughness of the late Henry Richter. The late Henry Richter, who died in 1914, was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, in 1853, son of Charles and Dorothea (Geissler) Richter. His parents came to America in 1858, and after a brief residence at Philadelphia, moved in 1860 to Franklin County, Ohio, locating on a farm near Grove City. Though in this country only a short time, and like many other German immigrants, Charles Richter joined the Union army in the Civil war, enlisting in 1864 with the One Hundred and Eighty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry and serving until the close of hostilities. Henry Richter acquired all his education in American schools. His home was on the farm until fourteen, when he was apprenticed to learn the carpenter 's trade. Though furnishing his own tools, he was paid a salary. of only $8 a month during his first employment. He was a journeyman carpenter until 1875, when he went into the building and contracting business on his own account at Columbus. His, efficiency and thoroughness won for him a rapidly growing business, and he was one of Columbus' most public spirited citizens. Specializing in residence construction, he built nearly all the fine homes on South High Street. Some of the homes of the city that testify to his handiwork were those of John Seibert, William Boob, Conrad Born, Jr. He also built part of the Lilley Company's . building, was superintendent of construction of the Great Southern Hotel, the Carnegie Library and the Columbus Savings & Trust Building. Individually he became owner of much valuable property in Columbus, and was vice president of the Columbus Structural Steel Company, treasurer of the Union Building and Loan Association and a director of the Ohio National Bank. Frequently he was honored with positions of trust and emolument and was prominent in fraternal, social and business organizations. He was a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was first president of the Master Carpenters' Association, and his fondness for outdoor life and the sports of hunting and fishing brought him membership in the Buckeye Fishing Club and similar clubs. He was a republican in politics, a member of the First German Independent Protestant Church, a trustee of the Home for the Aged and a generous contributor to this institution and other charitable organizations, taking a special interest in the work of Mercy Hospital and the Children's Hospital. His broad humanitarian spirit kept his energies and influence constantly invested in worthy causes and civic enterprises. In 1900 he was appointed a member of the Decennial Board of Columbus, serving a year and one-half .and subsequently, under the Governor Harmon administration, he was made a member of the State Penitentiary Board. While on this board he became responsible for many improvements made in the HISTORY OF OHIO - 293 State Penitentiary, both in its administration and its equipment and facilities. Henry Richter married Mary A. Trapp, who died in 1912. Their son, Walter H. Richter, was born at Columbus in 1881, and acquired a good education in the public schools in his native city. Much of his technical education he acquired through association with his father. He began as a boy helping his father on construction work, and learned the trade thoroughly. After the death of his father he continued the contracting and building business. While he has the organization for handling all clases of general construction, he specializes in a class of work constantly going on in the business district, including the remodeling of large buildings and the installation of modern store fronts and similar work. Mr. Richter did some important war work during the great struggle with the Central Powers. He became chief purchasing agent at Camp Sherman, Ohio, during the construction of the camp, and subsequently held a similar position at Camp Johnston at Jacksonville, Florida, where he also became purchasing agent for the United States Shipping Board. In former years Mr. Richter was a member of the Old Columbus Rifles. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner is a member of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, the Exchange Club, the Republican Glee Club, the Junior Lodge of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He married Miss May E. Miller, of Portsmouth, Ohio. Their children, twins, are Henry Brand and Mary Catharine Richter. JOSEPH HIDY has been one of the prominent figures in the Fayette County bar for nearly half a century. He has sat on the bench, has been a leader in public afiairs, and is president of the oldest banking institution in the county. Judge Hidy was born in Fayette County, August 22, 1854, son of Urban and Mary Ann (Baughan) Hidy. He grew up on his father's farm, attended country schools and the Jeffersonville grade schools, and completed his literary education in Buchtel College at Akron, now known as the Municipal University. of Akron. He was graduated there in 1876, and finished his law course in the University of Michigan. He was admitted to the bar at Washington Court House in May, 1878, and he quickly won favorable comments in his profession. His time has been fully taken up with his practice, his public service and his business interests. He served two years as city solicitor of Washington Court House, and his service on the bench of the Court of Common Pleas began in February, 1899, and continued until 1904. He was democratic candidate for the office of Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio. The Peoples & Drovers Bank of Washington Court House, of which Judge Hidy is president, was organized in 1877, and has capital of $125,000 and resources of approximately $1,000,000. This bank has a logical history of three-quarters of a century. The present bank succeeded the First National Bank, organized in 1864, and that in turn had succeeded the old Fayette County Bank, organized in 1850. Judge Hidy is also vice president of the Sanderson Cyclone Drill Company of Orrville, Ohio, a corporation capitalized at $150,000. Judge Hidy served as exalted ruler of the local lodge of Elks in 1902. He is a devotee of Isaac Walton's sports and spends part of each year fishing in the lakes of Northern Ontario. He has been honored with the degree Bachelor of Laws by his Alma Mater. During the World war he was a four-minute speaker, and acted in all the campaigns and drives. He married on June 21, 1881, Miss Kittle L. Rowe. Her father was minister of the Christian Church, and for some years editor of a church paper. Mrs. Hidy was educated in Buchtel College at Akron. She is a member of the Local Browning Club and a Daughter of the American Revolution. Judge and Mrs. Hidy have three children: Donna, born in 1882; Bess, born in 1884; Josephine born in 1896. The two older daughters are graduates of the high school at Washington Court House, while Josephine graduated from the Central High School of Cleveland, and spent one year in the Lake Erie College for Women at Painesville, Ohio, and also a year in Ohio State University. Donna is the wife of Will S. Gray. Judge Hidy's second daughter, Bess, is the wife of H. D. Rand, of Painesville, Ohio. WARREN B. FERRIS of Columbus is founder and president of the Continental Clay Compaq, now a $10,000,000 corporation, with operating facilities that make it one of the largest concerns in Ohio in manufacturing and supplying materials for building construction. His individual experience has given Mr. Ferris an authoritative knowledge of everything connected with manufacture of clay products and he is one of the conspicuous figures in that industry, which ranks among the first in importance in the State of Ohio. The Continental Clay Company, by original development and by acquisition of other plants, now does a business divided into two divisions, known as the Canton division and the Columbus division. In the Canton district the company has four clay manufacturing plants, three of them manufacturing hollow building tile and the other a high grade face brick. At Columbus the company has a large builders' supply yard and warehouse, also owns a property in the heart of the city comprising an inexhaustible supply of sand and gravel, and with mechanical facilities for the production of over 15,000 tons of these materials monthly. At Zanesville the company has a property of fifty acres, containing a remarkable deposit of glacial sand almost pure silica sand. Mr. Ferris was born at Marysville, Ohio, in 1879, but since childhood has lived at Columbus. He is a son of Frank C. and Emma (Bigelow) Ferris. His father now living retired at Miami, Florida, moved from Marysville to Columbus in the early '80s and for many years was a prominent factor in the business life of the capital city. Warren B. Ferris was educated in the public schools in Columbus, in a business college, and from school he began acquiring his practical experience in the ceramic industry, and has been connected with that industry for about a quarter of a century. The general offices of the Continental Clay Company, of which he is president, are located in Columbus. He was formerly president of the Southern Sand, Gravel & Supply Company, owning the property in Columbus previously mentioned, and now merged as a department of the business of the Continental Clay Company. Mr. Ferris is also engaged in the coal mining industry and the business of general building supplies. He was formerly vice president of the Cleveland-Columbus Realty Company, owners of the Ferris Building in Columbus, but sold his interest in this company in the spring of 1923. Mr. Ferris is also actively identified with real estate and improvement work at Miami, Florida. He conceived and carried into effect the beautiful residential addition, on the north side of Belle Isle known as El Retiro, where the unique character of the construction and the surrounding landscape has won for it a sub-title of "Spanish Settlement." Mr. Ferris is a member of the Chamber of Commerce at Miami Beach and takes a lively interest in the civic affairs of that rapidly growing community. He is a York Rite Mason and Shriner, a member 294 - HISTORY OF OHIO of the Aladdin Country Club and the Columbus Country Club. Mr. Ferris married. Miss Edna H. Walton of Worthington, Ohio. They have one son, Zelman F. Ferris, and a daughter, Warrenette Edna Ferris. JOSEPH H. HARPER is a lawyer by education and early training, but his name signifies most in Fayette County because of his active connection with the newspaper business, as president and manager of the Herald Publishing Company of Washington Court House. Mr. Harper represents a prominent. family in Scioto County, Ohio. He was born at Portsmouth, August 21, 1870, son of John J. and Emma (Jones) Harper. John J. Harper was a man of versatile gifts and accomplishments. He first came to Portsmouth as a traveling photographer, and in April, 1860, was admitted to the bar. It was said that he was the best lawyer at the Portsmouth bar. He was elected prosecuting attorney in 1863, and reelected in 1865, in 1871 was elected to the Common Pleas bench and re-elected and served until 1882. In 1886 he removed to Washington Court House, where he made his home until his death. Joseph H. Harper, the youngest of four sons, was educated in the common schools at Portsmouth, and was about sixteen years of age when his father moved to Washington Court House, where he continued his public school education. He also attended Ohio State University at Columbus, and graduated from the Cincinnati Law School in 1891. After a few years of law practice he became interested in the newspaper business, and is now president and general manager of the Herald Publishing Company. This company is capitalized at $30,000, and owns and operates a thoroughly modern printing plant, including four linotype machines, stereotyping outfit, and a Goss Comet Cylinder press, with a capacity of 4,400 completely printed and folded papers. The Herald at Washington Court House has two daily issues. Mr. Harper is a democrat in politics. He formerly published the register, one of the oldest papers in this section of Ohio. He was active in the support of former Governor J. M. Cox. During the first administration of Governor Cox he organized the Security Department, and remained in charge of the department for three years. He is a charter member of the Rotary Club, and one of the founders of the Washington Court House Country Club. He married Miss Nina Silcott June 22, 1891, at Washington Court House. She is the daughter of A. E. and Helen Silcott. Her father was a well known merchant at Washington Court House from 1856 until 1875. Mrs. Harper graduated from the Washington Court House High School in 1889. She is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Methodist Church. Mr. Harper is fond of travel, and has spent several winters with his wife in Florida and in the southwest part of Texas. They have two children: Mrs. Helen Crawford, born in 1893, and Howard, born in 1898. Both children are married .but have no children of their own. GEORGE HIRAM HITCHCOCK. One of the best known men of affairs in Southern Ohio is George Hiram Hitchcock, of Washington Court House, active in real estate and insurance and interested in everything that enriches the life of his community. Mr. Hitchcock comes of old New England stock, some of his ancestors having settled in New Hampshire as early as 1660. Mr. Hitchcock himself was born at Mantorville, Minnesota, September 22, 1867, son of George and Harriet Hitchcock. His father was a pioneer in the Northwest, and at one time served as county treasurer of Dodge County, Minnesota. Later he returned to New Hampshire, and was postmaster in Hanover, that state. He died at the age of seventy-two. George Hiram Hitchcock was liberally educated and 'attended one of the oldest and best of New England's higher institutions of learning, Dartmouth College, where he was graduated in 1889. Mr. Hitchcock has served as secretary of the Federal Land Bank of. Louisville, Kentucky, an institution capitalized at $10,000,000. In his home locality in Ohio he is secretary of the Fayette County Fair Association, manager of the Fayette Credit Bureau, a director of the Young Men's Christian Association, and was clerk of the County Court in 1919. During 1919 he was also a member of the local war board. Mr. Hitchcock does a large business as a member of the real estate firm of Hitchcock and Dalby. He is also a director of the first building and loan company of Washington Court House an institution capitalized at $250,000. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the local country club, and is much interested in outdoor sports, particularly tennis and football. He was chairman of the Dutch Treat Club. He married Miss Clara Stuckey, daughter of. Col. John D. Stuckey, who was a Union soldier in the Civil war and served as an officer on the staff of Governor Foraker in 1880 and for many years was a prosperous merchant and miller of Washington Court House. Mrs. Hitchcock finished her education at Wilson College at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, where she was graduated in 1893. She is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Federated Woman's Club and the Cecilian Musical. Club. Mr. and Mrs. Hitchcock have one son, Hiram, born in 1903. He was educated at Washington Court House in the public schools, and is now a student in Kenyon College. MOSES HAMMER GROSS, general manager of the Washington Court House Gas & Electric Company, has been continuously in the service of that corporation and its immediate predecessor for a period of thirty years. Through his own curiosity and, application he has become a technical authority on gas and electrical engineering, and has made himself one of the useful citizens of this Fayette County community. He was born at Washington Court House, April 27, 1873, son of David and Lena Gross. His father was a wool buyer in Germany, and in 1866 came to the United States and eventually circumstances conspired to bring him to Washington Court House. He had no knowledge of the English language, and was never able to get successfully established in business in this country. He died in 1882, leaving a family in reduced circumstances. Moses Hammer Gross was nine years of age when his father died. He attended public schools at Washington Court House, but when his father died he went to work, earning $2 a week, which was contributed to the support of his widowed mother and the family. He worked steadily at different jobs for almost nine years, and at the age of eighteen qualified by his individual study as a practical bookkeeper. He became connected with the old Washington Court House Gas & Electrical Company in. 1895. He has made his daily routine of work a constant opportunity to learn, and absorbed his electrical knowledge without attending a technical school. In 1918 he was made general manager of the Washington Court House Gas & Electrical Company, which is capitalized at $200,000 and is one of the successful public utilities HISTORY OF OHIO - 295 in this part of Ohio. When Mr. Gross first entered the service of the corporation its capacity was twenty-five kilowatts, and bad only 350 consumers. Now the electrical capacity of the plant is 1,500 kilowatts, and there are 5,000 consumers. The company also operates a Central Heating Plant, furnishing heat to homes, business houses and public buildings, the boiler capacity being 1,600 horse power. Mr. Gross married at Columbus, November 22, 1922, Miss Anna Friedman. She was educated in the public schools of Columbus, and is a daughter of Samuel and Rosa Friedman, of that city, where her father is a retired commission merchant. Mrs. Gross is a member of the Jewish Mother's Alliance, and both are active in the Hebrew Church. Mr. Gross is a member of the Scottish Rite Consistory of Cincinnati, belongs to the Mystic Shrine, is affiliated with Lodge No. 227, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a member of the Rotary Club, Dutch Treat Club, Washington Country Club, and in politics is a republican. CHARLES E. ROSS became interested in the manufacture of automobile tires when the automobile age was starting, and his experience and inventive genius have made him one of the conspicuous men in the country in that line. Mr. Ross is president of the Rainbow Tire and Rubber Company, manufacturers of automobile tubes and tires. The head offices of this company are at Columbus. Mr. Ross is also well known in a very different field of work, that of a secret service investigator and officer. He is a native of Ohio, born at Piqua, in Miami County, in 1880. His mother is still living. The Ross family originated in the north of Ireland. His father was the late Warren Allen Ross, who died in Columbus in March, 1922. He was a native of Ohio, and moved from Piqua to Columbus in 1882. Charles E. Ross grew up in Columbus, was educated in the public schools, and as a boy showed an unusual thirst for adventure and experience, as a result of which he had made a voyage to England and France before his seventeenth birthday. His first important business experience was in electrical work at Columbus. Subsequently he went to New York City, and at Hartford, Connecticut, acquired his first knowledge of the automobile tire industry. At that time Hartford was the great center of rubber tire and rubber goods manufacture. Mr. Ross has had a continuous experience in this business since 1906. From Hartford he returned to his native state, and became associated in an executive capacity with the Midgley Tire and Rubber Company at Lancaster. From this business he retired early in 1922 to organize the Rainbow Tire and Rubber Company, of which he is president. This company was organized and largely financed at Columbus, and in its manufacturing facilities is already one of the large industries of the kind in the state. The plant is located at Delaware, and the first unit was completed and started operations in July of 1923. The company has seventeen acres of ground, having its own railroad and switching tracks, and the units of buildings already erected, with their equipment, cost nearly $300,000. The Rainbow Tire and Rubber Company is the culmination of Mr. Ross' many years of working experience in the rubber industry. He has been an inventor and developer of methods and devices for the fabrication of rubber tires. The Rainbow Tire and Rubber Company will specialize in the manufacture of the Rainbow Truss !Tube, which is Mr. Ross' own invention. Mr. Ross' career as a secret service officer has been entirely as a side issue and a diversion. His experience as a special secret service agent for the Federal Government covers many years, and at times he has also acted for state, city and county governments. From coast to coast he is known for his achievements in capturing criminals and bringing them to arrest and punishment, and he has a record of never having started out to capture a criminal without accomplishing his purpose. Among many notable exploits to his credit was the famous case of the kidnaping of Rachel Essick, a little girl at Ray, Ohio, by Pollick, known as the "hypnotist" on account of his using hypnotism as one of the means of accomplishing his purpose. Mr. Ross traced Pollick for 16,000 miles, finally capturing and arresting him in Birmingham, Alabama, after Pollick had baffled the police and local authorities of more than a dozen cities. Pollick is now in the penitentiary at Moundsville, West Virginia. It was Mr. Ross who captured the Mallory brothers, race track swindlers of international notoriety. He carried on an exceedingly hazardous secret investigation in Mexico prior to and during the time of Pershing's punitive expedition into that country. His duties took him into perilous situations at Jaurez, Torreon, Chihuahua, and Mexico City. In the course of this work he interviewed President Carranza and also the revolutionist, Villa. E. P. SPEIDEL has practiced law at Alliance for a number of years and prior to that was an attorney in Columbiana County. He is known as a man of integrity and high character as an attorney and also as a citizen, and since early youth has relied upon his own efforts to advance him in his profession and in all of life's affairs. He was born in Columbiana County, March 17, 1870, and grew up on a farm, attending the district and local high schools and also the Rogers Normal School. At the age of sixteen he became a teacher in country schools, being employed to teach a term of summer school for seventy days at a dollar a day. Teaching was one of the means of earning the money needed for his higher education. In 1889 he began work in a newspaper office at Lisbon, Ohio, learning the printer 's trade. He was with the newspaper there three years, and in September, 1892, entered the law department of Ohio State University, graduating in 1893. He was admitted to the bar the same year, and did his first work as an attorney at Hanoverton, Ohio. He also assisted his father, then postmaster of Hanoverton, and again resumed his place in the schoolroom as a teacher, teaching eight terms of school. On leaving Columbiana County he located at Alliance, where he has since been busy with a general law practice. Mr. Speidel served as mayor of Alliance from 1910 to 1914. He is a democrat in politics, though independent in local affairs. He belongs to the Elks and Maccabees, and the Alliance, the Stark County and the Ohio State Bar associations. Mr. Speidel married Miss Nora E. Ritz. Before her marriage she had also been a popular school teacher in Columbiana County, Ohio. They have three children, Ruth and Ruby, twins, and Edward P., Jr. KARL H. HOENIG. Deeply imbued with the great spirit of music, master of the technique of its translation and interpretation, for years a successful teacher, a resident of Columbus since 1897, Karl H. Hoenig has accomplished a monumental work in creating and inspiring new standards in musical appreciation, and as a musical director and conductor has helped to make good music a part of the daily life of the citizens of the capital. Mr. Hoenig was born in New York City, studied there and in Europe under famous musicians, and for 296 - HISTORY OF OHIO a number of years was a teacher both of voice and instrumental music. In 1897 he came to Columbus, primarily to take charge of the choir of Trinity Episcopal Church. He has been its director ever since and has made it one of the noted choirs in the West. For several years he was head of the music department of the Ohio State University, and for a number of years has had charge of the music department of the Columbus School for Girls. He was also for many years leader of and composer for the Republican Glee Club of Columbus, one of the most historic organizations of its kind in America, a club that has sung in every presidential campaign since that of 1872. Mr. Hoenig had charge of the club on many notable occasions including national republican conventions and presidential inaugurations at Washington. For years past he has been called upon to compose and arrange and direct music for local celebrations. and civic events. A chapter of his service that should not go unrecorded in the history of Columbus was his part in organizing and conducting choirs, bands and orchestras whose music lent inspiration in many of the campaigns for raising money for the Community War Chest and other drives during the World war. As an effective measure and tribute to the distinctive service Mr. Hoenig has rendered, there should be quoted in full an editorial that appeared in one of the Columbus papers recently. It reads as follows : "For a quarter of a century Karl H. Hoenig has been active and prominent in the musical life of Columbus. In a large way he has helped make music popular in the city. By doing work that was educational and worth while he has won a place of prominence in the community. More than that, he has won the affection of the city in an unusual way. To the people here he is known as 'Pop ' Hoenig, welcome at all times and places, always willing to contribute his talent in promoting public interests. "Music is culture, familiarity with it is uplifting, and his work has helped carry the ennobling influence of music to all parts of the city. Columbus is a better city because of the good influences his work has developed. He has helped develop an abundance of musical talent. In his work as director of Trinity Choir he has taught many boys to sing, and they have continued to sing and love music as men. He has helped make his choir a musical force in the community. His work as director of the Republican Glee Club helped make that organization famous all over the country. He has developed it into an unusually strong choral organization. "The chimes of Trinity have warmed and thrilled the hearts of Columbus people for years, and the Trinity chimes programs. are welcomed at all times. Who does not welcome the concert he gives as the old year draws to a close and the new year is welcomed I Under the direction of a master 's hand the Trinity chimes have become a real institution in the city. Legally they are the property of Trinity Church, but in a larger way they belong to the good people of Columbus. Columbus knows, loves and, appreciates 'Pop ' Hoenig for the good work he has done and is doing. May he have many years to carry that good work forward." CHARLES H. GERRISH for many years has been well known in Ohio, as a republican leader, a business man and intimately associated with the management of the Ohio State Journal at Columbus. He enjoys the acquaintance and confidence of a large group of Ohio's foremost men in politics and finance and business. A notable instance of this confidence was expressed when he was selected by the group of financiers to plan and handle most of the preliminary details in connection with the building in Columbus of the new Neil House, which is to be one of the world's notable hotels in service and accommodations and is to take the place of the historic Neil House. Mr. Gerrish is vice president of the Neil House Company. He was born in Cincinnati, in 1867. Although a native of this Ohio city, he represents a family long identified with Kentucky, and was reared and received his education across the river from Cincinnati, in Covington, Kentucky. He is a graduate of the Covington High School, and at the age of seventeen he went on the road as a traveling salesman. In 1890 Mr. Gerrish located at Columbus, and in order to round out his business qualifications and education he read law, but has never qualified for its practice. When the Ohio State Journal was purchased in 1903 by Robert F. Wolfe, Mr. Gerrish became assistant and confidential advisor to Mr. Wolfe in business and legal matters, and for twenty years has continued to hold this important relations with one of the most powerful newspapers in the state. During the past thirty years Mr. Gerrish has exercised more than an individual influence in Ohio state politics. On a number of occasions his council and advice, and sometimes his decisive words, have prevailed in matters of party policy, acts of legislation, and individual political fortunes. He has always been a republican, but has been a staunch independent with- in the party, unwilling to accept dictation from the leaders unless he believed their dictation was in the best interests of party welfare and good government. A notable example of his action in this respect was in giving his influence to the anti-Hanna forces in the senatorial fight of 1898, and though comparatively young at that time, Mr. Gerrish was accorded recognition as a leader in the anti-Hanna faction. During that year he was acting as clerk of the House of Representatives in the General Assembly. In 1922 the men of capital who proposed to give Columbus a great hotel to take the place of the Neil House selected Mr. Gerrish as the man best qualified to father the project and bring it to a successful consummation. As vice president of the company he took charge of the preliminary plans, the financing, the employment of the architects, the selection and final approvement of the plans, and an immense volume of detailed work that goes with such an extensive enterprise. The planning and financing were completed early in 1923, and in March of that year the work of dismantling that old structure was begun and in June new construction was started. The Beginning of demolition of the old Neil House in March, 1922, was an event of sufficient news value that practically every large daily newspaper in the country carried a special dispatch commemorative of the passing of one of America's oldest and most famous hotels. The old Neil House was built in 1822. For a full century, under a succession of admirable management, it performed all the essential service of a great hotel. It was intimately connected with great men and great events of history, and it might almost be said that the faith of Empires was sometimes decided in this building. Many of the most notable poltical and social events of the century were held there. The hotel registers bore the names, of guests, of more people of distinction probably than any other hotel in the Middle West. It entertained Presidents Lincoln, Grant, Hayes, Garfield, and McKinley, and Charles Dickens was a guest there in 1846, Andrew Jackson in 1840, Henry Clay in 1844, Daniel Webster in 1837, and Stephen A. Douglas in 1864. The new Neil House will be one of the finest and most perfectly appointed hotel structures in the country, but it will be difficult for it to excell the HISTORY OF OHIO - 297 role of its predecessor as an historic institution of Ohio. SAMUEL HOWE BOWEN. In recalling the names of some of Elyria's earlier important men that of the late Samuel Howe Bowen comes quickly to mind. He was a man of high personal character, but not identified with great business interests. Samuel Howe Bowen, of old Empire State ancestry reaching back to early Colonial settlement in New England, was born at Newport, in Herkimer County, New York, May 27, 1845. His parents were Hezekiah Scott and Mary (Howe) Bowen, the former of whom was born at Newport and the latter at Clifton Springs, New York, the earlier members of the family, on both sides, having come to New York from Connecticut. The maternal grandfather of Mr. Bowen was colonel of a regiment in the War of 1812 and a military man of distinction. Samuel Howe Bowen was educated in the schools of Utica, and received academic training• at Schen- ectady, New York, and was twenty-three years old when he went to New York City and became a clerk in the establishment of A. P. Stewart. One year later he accepted a position as bookkeeper with the A. S. Herenden Furniture Company of Cleveland, Ohio, and remained there as head accountant for the next seven years, retiring then in order to become a clerk in the forwarding department of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad Company, in which relation he continued until 1877, when he settled permanently in Elyria. He purchased a well established boot and shoe business here, and conducted it for the following fourteen years, and then became financially and officially identified with the E. W. Fisher Company of Cleveland, wholesale plumbers' supplies. Mr. Bowen devoted the next twenty years to the interests of this company, of which he was secretary and treasurer, always maintaining his home at Elyria, but making almost daily trips to Cleveland. Mr. Bowen's death occurred on February 17, 1917. In politics he was a republican, but never cherished any political ambition, and was a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Bowen married, on December 5, 1877, Miss Lizzie Pond, who was born in the old home where she still resides, at Elyria, Ohio, on February 21, 1854. Mrs. Bowen has many illustrious ancestors back of her, being a lineal descendant of John Winthrop, born in 1587, at Groton Manor, England, who subsequently became governor of Massachusetts, and also of John Webster, who was the first governor of Connecticut. The parents of Mrs. Bowen were Martin Webster and Eliza Jane (Sayles) Pond, the former of whom was born at Harwinton, Connecticut, March 12, 1814, and the latter at Mayville, New York, March 26, 1817. Her grandparents were Roswell and Hannah (Webster) Pond, the former of whom was born in 1772 and the latter in 1778, in Connecticut; and Brown and Betsie (Seymour) Sayles, the latter of whom was born at Saratoga, New York, belonging to a notable family of that state. The maternal grandfather was born May 1, 170, at Providence, Rhode Island, of which city his ancestors were among the founders. The Pond family came to the American colonies from England, and many of the name have been high ecclesiastics and bishops in the Church of England. The father of Mrs. Bowen was only eleven years old when he secured the consent of his parents to accompany his sister Lydia and her husband, Ezra S. Adams, to the village of Elyria, Ohio. The long journey was made in a one-horse wagon and without any adventure that prevented the travelers reaching their destination in safety. Ezra S. Adams was a man of enterprise, and soon had established the first saddle and harness manufacturing business in Lorain county. Martin W. Pond continued to attend school until he was sixteen years old, when he entered his brother-in-law's shop and learned the trade, afterward following it for two years at various points, including Cleveland, Detroit and Wheeling, returning then to Elyria, where he continued until 1852. In that year he visited California and engaged in gold mining there with Festus Cooley and Edwin Hall, but in 1853 he came back to Elyria and the rest of his busy life was spent here. He became a leader in the harness manufacturing industry, and profited greatly from patents he secured in 1870. His death occurred on October 27, 1897, his wife having passed away on May 31, 1877. Of their five children Mrs. Bowen, the youngest born, is the only survivor. Her four brothers were : Henry Clay, Martin Webster, Horace Roswell and Franklin Gaylord. The Ponds, were all well known, and credit is given the father of Mrs. Bowen as one of the founders of the public school system in Elyria. Mr. and Mrs. Bowen became the parents of two children, a daughter and a son. Helen Pond was born August 15, 1878, attended the public schools of Elyria, the Woman's College of Cleveland, and then spent several years in study abroad. On' September 27, 1910, she was married to John Milan Garfield, who is an attorney and member of the firm of Tolles, Hoggsett & Ginn at Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Garfield have three sons: John Bowen, Scott Parker and Samuel Howe. Scott Howe Bowen was born November 27, 1888, and was educated at Oberlin College, the University of Colorado and Harvard University. He enlisted for service in the World war, in April, 1917, in the aviation department, and received training at Austin, Texas, and at San Diego, California, was commissioned a second lieutenant and was kept at Langley Field, where it was his business to test safety devices for flying machines, and he received an honorable discharge in 1918. In that year Mr. Bowen married Miss Maude M. Clement, who was born at Rutland, Vermont, and they have two sons, Scott Howe, Jr., and Frederick Clement Bowen. Mr. and Mrs. Bowen reside at Scarsdale, New York. Mr. Bowen's business is in New York City. Mrs. Bowen is a member, with her children, of the Congregational Church, the latter being in the fourth generation of continuous membership in this religious body. Like other intelligent members of her sex in modern days, she is interested to some extent in political questions, and is a valued member of the Fortnightly Literary Club at Elyria. But her church work has always been nearest to her heart, outside of the home. HON. DANIEL W. CRIST. The distinctive service and achievement of Daniel W. Crist of Alliance consists in what he has done as an educator, as a teacher of schools, and music, as a musical composer and music publisher. He has been publishing music for nearly forty years, and his business at Alliance, conducted as D. W. Crist, music publisher, is notable in size and distinctive as a house publishing largely the compositions and collections of one man, Mr. Crist. He was born at New Chambersburg in Columbiana County, Ohio, November 28, 1857, and is a representative of staunch old American pioneer stock. His paternal grandparents, Robert and Elizabeth (Stevens) Crist, moved out of Maryland, and settled near Osnaburg in Stark County, Ohio. They were Catholic, but only one of their children remained in that faith. Their son, Robert Crist, father of Daniel W. Crist, was born in Maryland, was two years of age when brought to Ohio, and after his marriage lived in West Township of Columbiana County. As 298 - HISTORY OF OHIO a youth he taught in one of the old log schoolhouses of the community, but for the most part was engaged in farming. He died in 1898 at the age of seventy-three. He married Mary Ruff, who was born in the same section of Columbiana County in 1832 and died in 1908. Her paternal grandfather, Anthony Ruff, came from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, to Columbiana County, at an early day. Her maternal grandfather, Rudolph Bair, came from the same county to Columbiana in 1803, and served as a first commissioner of the county. One of her great-grandfathers was Michael Zehner, who was an aide in General Washington's army during the War of the Revolution, and settled in Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1804. Daniel W. Crist, one of the ten children of Robert and Mary (Ruff) Crist, was reared on the homestead farm, attended country schools, and was also a student in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, where he graduated in the year 1882. As a teacher in rural schools he did fourteen years of work in Columbiana and Stark counties. He became superintendent of the Osnaburg graded school in 1880, and for three years was superintendent at New Franklin. He early attracted attention by his interests, enthusiasm and proficiency in music, and was one of the pioneer singing teachers of his day. As a young man he began composing songs and later instrumental music, and gradually his efforts were directed to broader fields. His first publication, a collection of Sunday school music of his own composition, was published under the title of Gospel Gleanings in 1886. This was so successful that it proved the cornerstone of his business as a music publisher, which has been steadily growing through the past thirty years. He is a publisher of Sunday school song books, day school song books, music folios, sheet music, band music, instruction books, and is himself the author of eighteen song books, besides some eighteen volumes of musical collections and over 200 special compositions. For many years his business as a music publisher was conducted at Moultrie, in Columbiana County, but in May, 1915, he moved his plant to Alliance. Mr. Crist's musical compositions have reached the sale of nearly 3,000,000 copies. He was one of the organizers and has been the first and only president of the Peoples Bank of Alliance. He has served on the school board of his home city for eight years, and is one of the men first to respond to organized effort in any worthy community project. In 1901 he was elected a member of the State Legislature on the republican ticket, was reelected in 1903, and in 1905 was elected to the State Senate. In the Legislature he was especially interested in education and taxation. He was chairman of the House committee on taxation, and while in the Senate he advocated ideas and principles that subsequently became the ground work of the state tax commission of Ohio. Mr. Crist is a member of the Christian Church. In Masonry he is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, and Shriner, a member of Al Koran Temple, at Cleveland. He married in 1882 Miss Mary A. Reed, of Columbiana County. They have three children: Myrtie M., wife of Charles G. Miller ; James R., connected with the manufacturing industry at Canton and Dillon, a prominent business man of Alliance. ALBERT V. CORRODI has continuously maintained his home in Ohio's fine capital city, to which his loyalty has never faltered, and to the civic and material advancement of which he has contributed his quota—especially in his various real estate operations. He has long been known as one of the progressive citizens and business men of Columbus, and has been prominent also in political and general public affairs in his native city, where his circle of friends is limited only by that of his acquaintances. Mr. Corrodi was born in Columbus in the year 1865, and the old home in which he was born stood on the site of the present Boston Store, on High Street and opposite the present Chittenden Hotel. He is a son of the late John and Catherine (Koch) Corrodi, his father having been born and reared in Switzerland and having established his residence in Columbus, Ohio, in the '50s. Both he and his wife here passed. the remainder of their lives, secure in the high esteem of all who knew them. Mr. Corrodi received the advantages of the public schools of Columbus, and early initiated his active association with business affairs. He gave about twenty years to active and successful operations in the handling of local real estate, and in this connection did also a large amount of building construction. He was specially prominent and influential in the building up of East Long Street, and was the promoter and organizer of the East Long Street Improvement Association. Though he was past the age limit set officially for active military service in the World war, Mr. Corrodi was not to be denied his mede of patriotic service, and thus he proceeded to Newport News, Virginia, and enlisted in the Ambulance Corps of the United States Army, in which he gained rank and commission as captain. He was not called to overseas service, but remained with his command until the armistice brought the war to a close. He duly received his honorable discharge, and now has the rank of captain in the Reserve Corps of the United States Army. He is an appreciative and popular member of the local organization of the American Legion, and is affilliated with both the York and Scottish Rite bodies of Masonic fraternity, besides being a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Corrodi married Miss Henriette Jager, and they have four sons: Herancourt, John T., Albert V., Jr., and William. A. H. ANDREWS is superintendent of one of Columbus' most important municipal departments, that of garbage and refuse collection and disposal. A man of eminent public spirit, long a resident of Columbus, he was requested by Mayor Thomas to take charge of this department. Under his supervision are more than 100 men and about eighty wagons. Between 150 and 200 tons of material are collected daily from the streets and homes of the city. Ashes and other refuse are sent to the seven dumps, and there burned or used for filling in low places and converting otherwise waste spots into valuable soil for parks. A city rendering plant is located four miles south, and is used for the conversion of all materials in the garbage collection that may yield the fats. Mr. Andrews came to Columbus from Syracuse, New York, in 1880. For many years he has operated a horse shoeing and repair shop. For thirty-eight years he was happily married, his wife 's maiden name being Rosa B. Pearson. She died November 28, 1922. Mr. Andrews is affiliated with the Masonic Order, the Knights of Pythias and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. ARTHUR EDWARD SMITH. A varied and somewhat eventful career has been that of Mr. Smith, who became dependent upon his own resources when a mere boy and who has applied himself faithfully in various lines of work and has won advancement to the goal of independence and success. He now owns HISTORY OF OHIO - 299 and conducts a well equipped automobile repair business in the City of Elyria, Lorain County, and is one of the popular citizens of this progressive city. Mr. Smith was born at Richards Landing, St. Joseph's Island, district of Algoma, Ontario, Canada, and the date of his nativity was July 22, 1885. He is a son of William Roland and Millie Ann (Van Horn) Smith, his father having been born at Hamilton, Ontario, and having met a tragic death June 4, 1904, when he was killed in an accident. The subject of this sketch was five years old at the time of his mother's death, in 1890, and the treatment accorded him by his stepmother led him to run away from the paternal home when he was a lad of nine years. He found employment at farm work in Ontario, where he continued five years in the employ of one man, his early educational advantages having been those of the graded schools. After leaving the farm Mr. Smith became steward on a vessel plying the Great Lakes, and he thus continued his seafaring life three years, within which he was in three shipwrecks. He next served a week as messenger boy, and in the interim he had the experience of going without food for a period of three days. In Detroit, Michigan, hc made his lodging under the river docks, and kindly newsboys provided him with food for three weeks. He was finally arrested by a policeman, who found him employment at the establishment of Buhl Stamping Company, his compensation being three dollars a week, the full amount being required to pay his board in Detroit. Several weeks later he there went to work for the Diamond Match Company, and later he resumed service as steward on lake boats. He and his brother later found employment in the lumber woods near Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, and he finally became a regular cook in a lumbering camp, he having remained five years in the employ of a lumber company. July 15, 1908, recorded the marriage of Mr. Smith and Miss Edith Grace Scott, who was born at Guelph, Ontario, and her death occurred September 11, 1909. In 1910 Mr.' Smith returned to Detroit, and he instituted search for his younger brother, whom he finally found at Pontiac, Michigan. In that city he was employed a few months, and he then returned to Detroit and gave a few months to assisting in the manufacturing of the Briggs Detroiter automobile. After a few months he there entered the employ of the Northway Motor & Manufacturing Company, and after a year with this concern he entered the engineering and experimental department of the great Detroit automobile factory of Dodge Brothers. He was thus engaged four years, and he then came to Elyria, Ohio, where for several months he was employed in the local agency of the Dodge Brothers. Thereafter he was with the Willys-Knight Company's headquarters here until April 1, 1917, when he established an automobile repair shop on Chappell Street, where he has developed a prosperous and substantial business. He has been also a local agent for various automobiles, and since May, 1921, has had the agency for the Durant cars. It may incidentally be noted that at Elyria Mr. Smith taught the only night automobile school that ever carried its course to completion. He is a director of the local Rotary Club, is independent in politics, and he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is affiliated with the Lodge, Chapter and Council bodies of the York Rite of Masonry, and has passed the official chairs in the Blue Lodge. On the 4th of July, 1914, Mr. Smith wedded Miss Anna Bell Brader, of Detroit, Michigan. They have no children. WILLIAM F. KERN. A native of Ohio and a graduate of Ohio State University, William F. Kern is a chemical and mining engineer by profession, but for the past fifteen years has been active in a business that is today one of the leading enterprises of its kind in Central Ohio, the Columbus Builders' Supply Company, of which he is president. Mr. Kern was born at Bellaire, in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1882, son of George and Katherine (Roder) Kern. He was reared on the eastern border of Ohio, attending school at Bellaire, and entering Ohio State University at Columbus, where he pursued the chemical engineering course, and was graduated with the class of 1902. The following five years he spent as a mining engineer in the mining regions of the State of Nevada, during one of the boom periods in the mining industry of the West. Soon after his return to Ohio Mr. Kern located in Columbus, and in 1909 founded the Columbus Builders' Supply Company, of which he is president. Mr. H. K. Hill, who was associated with him in the founding of the enterprise, is vice president. Their first location was on North High Street. In 1913 the company moved to the downtown section, and since 1918 has occupied its own building on North Front Street, near Long Street, a modern commercial structure that affords ample and well arranged quarters for their purpose. In fifteen years this business has grown on merit and efficiency until it has become a complete service affording material, as well as technical skill, to every branch of the building profession. The company represents many of the specialty lines of manufacture, and also handles all classes of general building supplies, including face brick, hollow tile, plaster, cement, ornamental terra cotta, gypsum tile. The business for several years has been organized in the department method, each department under an experienced manager. These departments include clay products, masons' supplies, builders' hardware, paints, mechanics' tools, glass and glass construction, coal. warm air furnaces, steel reinforcing and engineering. The engineering staff has greatly supplemented the scrvice of all the other departments. Modern building construction is a complicated technical industry, special materials requiring special treatment, and the individual or corporation that invests in building has come to regard competent engineering counsel and supervision as indispensable. Mr. Kern is a member of the Engineers Club, the Athletic Club and the Aladdin Club at Columbus, belongs to a number of social organizations, and is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. He married Miss Mary Hill, a native of Lancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio. Their four children are Mary Katherine, Virginia Elizabeth, William Frederick, Jr., and Robert. COL. DAVID LEWIS PERRY, who owns and resides upon his splendid rural estate, known as Perrydale Farm, just to the north of the City of Columbus, is probably the most celebrated of all auctioneers of pure-bred livestock, especially dairy cattle. Along this line his oratory—and it is consistently thus designated—has gained him international reputation, and incidentally he has not escaped application of the familiar title of "colonel," which seems to be a professional heritage of all well known auctioneers. Colonel Perry was born in a log cabin home in Champaign County, Ohio, on the 12th of July, 1859, and his father, Evan Perry, was born at Utica, New York, of Welsh parentage. The future auctioneer of wide repute acquired only a common school education, but few men have manifested finer powers of absorption and assimilation, and he has profited largely by his broad experiences and travels, and is a man of fine mental ken and mature judgment. His initial appreciation of oratorical and poetical values