HISTORY OF OHIO - 375 who now maintains his home at Spokane, Washington, he being a platform lecturer of exceptional talent; William B. is an instructor in a leading hosiery mill at Reading, Pennsylvania ; Ida M., a trained nurse, holds a position in the Keystone State Normal School at Kutztown, Pennsylvania ; Mary E. remains at the parental home; Ralph 0., of this review, was the next in order of birth; George is a graduate of Penn State College, and was there a member of the Students Army Training Corps in the World war period, he being now an instructor in a vocational school at Leesport, Pennsylvania ; and John A. is (fall of 1923) taking a pre-medical course in Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Jacob Hibschman was reared and educated in Schuylkill and Berks counties, Pennsylvania, and there also he learned the blacksmith trade. Shortly after his marriage he moved to the vicinity of Kansas City, but in the State of Kansas, where he followed his trade eight years. He then returned to Pennsylvania and established his residence in Berks County, where he and his wife have since maintained their home. He is still engaged in the work of his sturdy trade, at Strausstown, that county. He is independent in politics, has served in various township offices, is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and both he and his wife are zealous members of the Reformed Church. The public schools of Strausstown, Pennsylvania, afforded Ralph O. Hibschman his preliminary education, and he attended also the public schools of Reading, where he next entered Keystone Academy, in which he was graduated in 1908. In 1911 he was graduated from the Keystone State Normal School, at Kutztown, and received therefrom the degree of Bachelor of Education. It is worthy of special note in this connection that he has continued to advance himself in his chosen profession by effective postgraduate courses. In the summer of 1914 he attended Valparaiso University, at Valparaiso, Indiana, where he specialized in vocational education; he attended the summer sessions of the University of Ohio in 1919 and 1923, and there specialized in pedagogy; and the same specialty had gained his attention in his summer course in the great University of Chicago in 1916. For two years Mr. Hibschman was principal of the public schools at Thompson, Geauga County, Ohio, where he next gave five years of service as superintendent of schools. In 1918 he became superintendent of the public schools at Madison, where he has since continued his effective administration, with supervision of five schools, twenty-six teachers and 760 pupils. He is an active member of the Ohio State Teachers, Association and the National Educational Association, is a member of the Madison Chamber of Commerce, and is a director of the Lake County Young Men,s Christian Association. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is aligned in the ranks of the republican party, and he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church. He owns his attractive home property, on River Street at Madison, and also Lake front realty in Madison Township. He has indentified himself most loyally with community interests and is a progressive and public-spirited citizen. June 21, 1916, recorded the marriage of Mr. Hibschman and Miss Ruby Murphy, daughter of Clarence and Nancy (Basquin) Murphy, of Thompson, Geauga County, where the death of the father occurred in 1914 and where the widowed mother still resides, Mr. Murphy having been one of the substantial farmers of that locality. Mrs. Hibschman attended Ohio State Normal School at Kent, and prior to her marriage she was for five years a popular teacher in the schools of her old home township in Geauga County. Mr. and Mrs. Hibschman have one child, Nan Rebecca, who was born October 11, 1919. On both the paternal and maternal sides Mr. Hibschman is a scion of families founded in Pennsylvania many generations ago, and the lineage on both sides traces back to staunch German origin. MILDRED LAW SNYDER, M. D. Women are numerously represented in the medical profession, a field in which they have won some of the highest honors open to the profession. Few of the women physicians of Ohio who have made a success in the vocation prepared themselves for the work under heavier handicaps and with more determination than Mildred Law Snyder, who has been in practice at Middletown since 1920. She was born March 16, 1886, daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Schlenck) Law, of Oxford, Ohio, where her father was a merchant. Doctor Snyder attended the public schools of Oxford, and in 1903 graduated from the preparatory department of Miami University at Oxford. On September 25, 1907, she was married to William C. Snyder at New York City, and she moved with Mr. Snyder to New York, where they lived for three years. He died in 1910. His widow then returned to Oxford, Ohio, being left without any means and heavily in debt. Well qualified by mind and temperament for the career of a physician, without money, she determined to go to college and medical school, and paid most of her expenses while in the regular literary schools of Miami University, where she was graduated in 1914. She was given a scholarship in the university and also in the Ohio Medical College, from which she was graduated with honors in 1919. Doctor Snyder during 1919-20 was an interne in the general hospital at Cincinnati, and on July 6, 1920, was licensed to practice and in August located at Middletown. While engaged in general practice she specializes in obstetrics and pediatrics. Doctor Snyder is a member of the Delta Delta Delta sorority, and is a member of the Butler County, Ohio State and American Medical associations. She is on the staff of physicians of the Middletown Hospital. Doctor Snyder is a member of the First Presbyterian Church. She has one son, Thomas Charles Snyder, born in 1909, and now attending the Middletown High School. WALTER O. R. JOHNSON. Both as an able attorney and veteran of the World war, Walter O. R. Johnson is well known at Youngstown and throughout Mahoning County, and his present prestige has been honorably earned in various ways. He was born at Renova, Pennsylvania, February 14, 1893, a son of Nels P. and Emma C. (Nelson) Johnson, natives of Sweden, who were married in the United States. For some years the father was in a general merchandise business at Renova, but in 1906 migrated to Youngstown, and since that date has been connected with the firm of Rose & Johnson, wholesale grocers of Youngstown. Following his graduation from the high school course of Youngstown, Walter O. R. Johnson entered the University of Michigan, from which he was graduated in 1917, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and in 1919 with the degree of Bachelor of Laws, and in January, 1920, he was admitted to the bar of Ohio. Locating at Youngstown, he has since been engaged in the general practice of his profession. In May, 1917, Mr. Johnson enlisted in the service, and spent three months at the First Officers, Training Camp, Fort Benjamin Harrison, from whence he was sent to Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he was trained under the supervision of French army officers in a school of French warfare. In September, 1917, he was assigned to the machine gun company of the 376 - HISTORY OF OHIO Three Hundred Thirty-second Infantry, Eighty-third Division, stationed at Camp Sherman, Chillicothe, Ohio. He sailed overseas June 6, 1918, and after his arrival in France, sent to Chatillon-sur-Seine, Third Corps Army School, and from there to the Italian front, where he participated in the battle of Vittorio Benito, as well as others of less importance. In April, 1919, he sailed from Italy for the United States, and was discharged from the service May 21, 1919. He held the rank of first lieutenant. On June 1, 1918, Mr. Johnson married Miss Maude Osberg, and they have two children: Theo Virginia and Nels Paul. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Presbyterian Church, while Mrs. Johnson is a member of the Methodist Church. He also belongs to the Swedish Mission Church and to the Swedish Fraternity of America, to the Phi Alpha Delta and Youngstown Lodge No. 403, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, as well as to the Youngstown Chamber of Commerce. An enthusiast with reference to the American Legion, he not only is a member of the local post, but has also served the organization as post advocate. Since returning to Youngstown he has built up an excellent practice, and is making a name for himself as a resourceful and honorable attorney. WILLIAM FREDERICK REED is president of the Farmers Bank & Savings Company of Pomeroy, an institution established by him in 1904. Mr. Reed about that time returned to his native community from Kansas, where he had achieved an interesting record of success as a banker and financier. The Reed family has been represented in the citizenship of Meigs County by five generations. William Frederick Reed was born at Pomeroy, June 5, 1859, son of Darius and Eunice (Curtis) Reed. His grandfather, Whittemore Reed, son of Whittemore Reed, of Grafton, New Hampshire, was a small child when in 1798 he was brought by his widowed mother to the woods of Orange Township in Meigs County. At that time a log house was built for the accommodation of the family, and it was in this pioneer structure that Darius Reed was born. Later the old house was replaced with a substantial brick mansion. Whittemore Reed acquired a fine farm of 500 acres, and eventually sold the homestead for $25,000, then regarded as a high degree of wealth. He afterwards bought a place of just half the acreage in Clermont County for the same money. Darius Reed as a youth taught school in Southern Ohio, and subsequently went West, spending three years as a teacher at Arrow Rock in Saline County, Missouri. One of his pupils was a boy named Marmaduke, who subsequently became a cadet at West Point Military Academy, later a distinguished general in the Confederate army and governor of Missouri. A brother of Darius Reed, Lardine Reed, who was a schoolmate of Marmaduke at West Point Military Academy, died while stationed at Governor,s Island, New York, after graduation from that institution. On his return from the West, Darius Reed engaged in the drug business at Pomeroy. His son, Curtis D. Reed, now conducts this business, which is the oldest drug store in Southern Ohio. Darius Reed was a very able business man, and for many years was a director of the Old First National Bank. He was also identified with the organization and management of salt companies of the county, including the Buckeye Salt Company and the White Rock Salt Company, of both of which companies he was president. Darius Reed was born in 1818, and died at the age of eighty-three. He finished his education at Ohio University at Athens, whither he had gone on horseback before the days of railroads or automobiles. When it came time for his son, William Frederick Reed, to enter Ohio State University, in the absence of a railroad the trip was made in a buggy, and showing the progress in transportation in the next generation, William Frederick Reed,s sons went to college in high powered automobiles. Eunice Curtis, who married Darius Reed, was born in Washington County, Ohio. Her father, Horace Curtis, was a farmer and merchant, lived at Little Hocking and for fifty years was postmaster in that community. The Curtis family were pioneers of Ohio, coming from Massachusetts. Eunice Curtis Reed died at the age of seventy-two, in 1899. The Darius Reed home is on Mulberry Street in Pomeroy and is now occupied by his daughter Helen, widow of Rev. Thomas Turnbull, who as a Presbyterian minister was pastor of the local church for twenty years. There were also two sons in the family: Curtis D., the successor of his father as a druggist at Pomeroy; and William F. William Frederick Reed attended the high school at Pomeroy, and is the oldest graduate of that school now living in the community. He also attended Ohio State University, his intention at that time being to take up the medical profession. However, he subsequently entered the law department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, taking his law degree in 1882. While a lawyer by training, Mr. Reed ,s experience has been almost entirely in the field of banking and practical business. After leaving law school he spent two years at a bank at Des Moines, Iowa, then for a time lived at Portsmouth, Ohio, and, leaving there, went west to Anthony, Harper County, Kansas, where he was a pioneer and where he experienced all the vicissitudes of Kansas during the years of drought and financial depression of the ,80s and ,90s. For two years he was in the real estate and loan business at Anthony, and then located at Syracuse, Kansas, where he established the Bank of Syracuse, which was subsequently reorganized as the First National Bank. When he went there he had only $5,000 capital, and borrowed most of the capital for his bank. Out of the many banks that failed in that section during the '90s his presented an honorable contrast, weathering all the storms of adversity. About the time the financial panic of 1892 started, Mr. Reed was visiting in Ohio and found that everybody was hoarding gold, expecting a panic. On his return to Kansas he had his bank credit with the Old National Bank of Kansas City changed to gold. Subsequently this Kansas City bank closed its doors, and Mr. Reed claimed his gold and was paid in that metal. Out of the 3,000 correspondents of this Kansas City institution Mr. Reed’s bank was the only one to be paid in full. After twenty years of banking in Kansas Mr. Reed returned to his old home in Ohio, having long cherished an ambition to engage in banking there. As a result he opened the Farmers Bank & Savings Company in 1904. He was also interested in a bank conducted by Dennis Foley at his old home in Kansas for a number of years. While in Kansas Mr. Reed served as mayor of Syracuse for a number of years. He was also county treasurer four years, was chairman of the republican central committee, and he built the Episcopal Church there. He was associated with the banking business in Denver also, where he started a bank and was elected manager of the Mining Stock Exchange Clearing House. Mr. Reed is a Knight Templar Mason, having taken his Masonic degrees in Kansas. He is a member and trustee of the Presbyterian Church of Pomeroy. He married, at St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1885, Miss Lillian Thompson, daughter of John I. Thompson, who was the general solicitor for the Stickney Railroad from Chicago to St. Paul. Mr. and Mrs. Reed have four children: Theodore T., who finished his education at Poughkeepsie, New York, is in the stock and bond business at Akron, Ohio; D. Curtis, a gradu- HISTORY OF OHIO - 377 ate of the high seohol at Ann Arbor, Michigan, and of the Colleges of Education and Law of Ohio State University, is now practicing law at Pomeroy with offices over his father,s bank; William F. Jr., the third son, was educated at the local high school, Ohio State University, and Purdue University of Indiana, and is now teacher of chemistry in the Ely schools on the Superior Iron Range in Minnesota. The only daughter, Eunice, a graduate of the local high school, is still in college. ELMER HYSON HOLMES. Born and reared on the Ohio River in the Syracuse community, Elmer Hyson Holmes, early career led him far afield, making him a successful traveling salesman, manufacturer, and finally, returning to Meigs County, he founded and became president of the Brocalsa Chemical Company, operating plants at Syracuse and Pomeroy. His business is both the manufacture of by-products and also the operation of coal, oil, gas and salt wells and mines. Mr. Holmes was born at Syracuse, August 29, 1889, son of Franklin Elmer and Annie (Turley) Holmes, and grandson of Dr. Isaac Holmes. He is a descendant of Obadiah Holmes, who in the Colonial period of American history came from Southampton, England, to Massachusetts. Dr. Isaac Holmes moved from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, to Meigs County, Ohio, and for many years practiced his profession, looking after a very extensive country business. He died in Meigs County in 1892, when about seventy years of age. Franklin Elmer Holmes has for many years been identified with salt production at Syracuse, being an employe of the Syracuse Coal and Salt Company. He was born in 1865, and his wife, Annie Turley, was born in 1863, in Mason County, West Virginia, daughter of George W. Turley, who was a factor in salt production. The Turley home was at New Haven, just across the Ohio River from Syracuse, Ohio. Annie Turley is a great-great-granddaughter of a sister of Thomas Jefferson. Franklin Elmer Holmes and wife are members of the Methodist Church at Syracuse. They had seven children, five now living, there being three sons. The sons are Elmer H., Roy and William. Both Roy and William live at Columbus, Roy being district sales-manager for the Brocalsa Chemical Company. These brothers were also soldiers in the World war, Roy being with the Sixth Regiment of Marines. He was shot in the shoulder at Chateau-Thierry, and was one of the eleven men of his company to escape death in that terrific fight. He was also wounded by rifle or machine gun ball in the ankle in the St. Mihiel campaign, and was also gassed. He was decorated both by the French and American governments, receiving the Croix De Guerre and the Distinguished Service Cross. The son William was with the Nineteenth Infantry, spending two years on the Texas border. Roy attended Ohio State University two years. Elmer Hyson Holmes was educated in local schools, and then went to Valparaiso University in Indiana, taking special work in chemistry and journalism. He spent one year as a cub reporter on the staff of the Chicago Examiner, and was greatly attracted to journalism, though he soon decided that it did not offer sufficient rewards as a permanent career. For a time he sold pumping machinery, and then became a salesman for the Stewart-Warner Company, selling speedometers, and for three years covered a territory from Chicago to the Pacific Coast as district manager, with headquarters in Denver. Later he traveled over Louisiana and Texas, representing the Alexander Hamilton Institute, and made a special success at this. He was given territory in Chicago, and spent two years in the service of the company. Then for about a year he was in Chicago as a manufacturer of automobile accessories, and with two of the old employes of the Stewart-Warner Company he organized a company and established a plant to manufacture accessories near Indianapolis, Indiana. About that time America entered the World war and the plant was made a Government industry, the production being changed to truck wheels. A few days after the armistice Mr. Holmes sold his interest in the business and, returning to Syracuse, organized the Brocalsa Chemical Company. This has become one of the largest successful industrial corporations in Meigs County. The company produces oil, gas, coal and salt and a varied line of by-products. The company owns five successful oil wells, and it also purchased the plant of the Syracuse Coal and Salt Company, having rebuilt the plant, and in July, 1922, acquired the Pomeroy Chemical Company ,s plant. Another purchase by the company has brought it 1,000 acres of coal land, and the Antiquity Coal Corporation has been organized to develop this property. Mr. Holmes is on the board of directors of the Antiquity Coal Corporation, and is president of the Brocalsa Chemical Company. In 1914 he married Miss Frances Riley, daughter of Michael Riley, of Dallas, Texas. They have an adopted son, Kenneth. Mr. and Mrs. Holmes are Christian Scientists, and in politics he is a republican. SHEPARD H. BURROUGHS, M. D. In the work of his profession Doctor Burroughs has specialized in surgery, and has long been recognized as a leader in that field in Northeastern Ohio. He has been in practice at Ashtabula nearly twenty years. Doctor Burroughs was born at Northfield, Summit County, Ohio, April 12, 1881. He represents one of the very oldest families in Northern Ohio. He is of English ancestry, and his people were Colonial settlers in Vermont. His grandfather, Allen Burroughs, was born in 1796, in Northern Ohio. It was in the same year as his birth that the first settlement was planted at Cleveland. He spent most of his life as a farmer at Northfield, in Summit County, where he died in 1879. His wife was Betsy Honey, also a native of Ohio, who died at Northfield. Levi Burroughs, father of Doctor Burroughs, was born at Northfield, June 15, 1844, and spent all his life in that community. He was an industrious farmer, and he acquitted himself with a creditable record as a soldier in the Union army in the Civil war. He served the last two years of the war as a member of Company K of the One Hundred Fifteenth Ohio Infantry. At Murfreesboro, Tennessee, he was captured, and for five months was a prisoner at Andersonville, not being released until after the end of the war. He was a staunch republican, and a member of the Methodist Church. Levi Burroughs, who died at Northfield April 29, 1918, married Sarah Frances Nichols, who was born in West Virginia in 1840, and died at Northfield, Ohio, in January, 1919. She was reared at Yellow Creek, Ohio. Levi Burroughs and wife reared four children : Eva May, wife of Ed Cuyler, at Northfield; Harvey Allen, a mail carrier living at Cuyahoga Falls ; Thomas Benton, a farmer at Hudson, Ohio ; and Shepard H. Shepard H. Burroughs was educated in the public schools at Northfield, graduating from high school there in 1900. He then entered the medical department of Western Reserve University at Cleveland, and was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1904. Doctor Burroughs had eighteen months of training as an interne in the Lakeside Hospital at Cleveland, and with that thorough preparation entered upon the duties of his profession at Ashtabula. From the first he showed special talent for surgery, and his abilities have been more and more drawn into that field. His offices are at 126 Main Street, 378 - HISTORY OF OHIO Ashtabula. Doctor Burroughs was born on a farm and has always had some interest in farming. He has a half interest in a fruit farm in Ashtabula County, and is otherwise identified with agriculture in this section of the state. His home is at 15 Tyler Avenue in Ashtabula. During the World war Doctor Burroughs gave much of his time to his duties as medical member of Ashtabula Draft Board No. 1. He is a member of the Ashtabula County, the Ohio State and American Medical associations. In politics he is a republican, and in Masonry is affiliated with Harbor Lodge No. 558, Free and Accepted Masons, Western Reserve Chapter No. 8, Royal Arch Masons; Conneaut Council No. 40, Royal and Select Masters; Columbian Commandery No. 52, Knights Templar ; Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Cleveland. He also belongs to Ashtabula Lodge No. 208, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Ashtabula Lodge No. 547, Loyal Order of Moose, and the Chamber of Commerce. On November 25, 1905, at Ashtabula, he married Miss Elizabeth Baker, who was born at Freedom, Ohio, and is a graduate of the high school of Ravenna. She studied pharmacy in Ohio Northern University at Ada, and in 1905 graduated from the Lakeside Hospital at Cleveland as a registered nurse. Doctor and Mrs. Burroughs are the parents of five children: Sarah Ellen and Jean, both students in the Ashtabula High School; Shepard Allen, who was born December 31, 1911; Herbert Levi, born October 16, 1913, and Betty Virginia. ARTHUR BEEGLE is junior member of the firm Beegle Brothers, merchants and produce dealers at Pomeroy and other points in Meigs County. His partner is Elmer Beegle, and the business was originally established by Elmer and his father, Joseph Beegle, as told elsewhere in this publication. Arthur Beegle was born in Mason City, West Virginia, just across the Ohio River from his present home, on March 16, 1875. As a boy he worked on the farm and in the timber, had common school advantages, and is a graduate of Carleton College at Syracuse. He remained on the home farm near Racine until he was twenty-five. For a time he drove a huckster wagon for the Farmers Cash Grocery Company, owned by his father and brother, and at a later date, when his father retired, bought his share in the business. However, he still retains his home on the farm two miles east of Racine. Beegle Brothers do both a wholesale and retail business in handling produce, feed, seeds and all supplies needed on the farm. By a square policy of cash dealing they have a large trade and earned the full confidence of their customers, and have also developed very favorable marketing connections at Pittsburgh, where the enormous amount of produce collected by the firm is marketed. Arthur Beegle has been active in local politics, having served three terms as assessor and two terms as trustee of Sutton Township. For a number of years he had an individual store at Dorcas, and was postmaster of Dorcas, this postoffice having been established through the efforts of his brother Elmer. Arthur Beegle has charge of the marketing of the produce bought by the firm. At the age of twenty-five he married Miss Mary Jane Jackson, daughter of Thomas and Eliza Jackson. She was born at Zaleski, in Vinton County, Ohio, soon after her parents came to this country from England. Mr. and Mrs. Beegle have one son, Joseph. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. ROBERT WARNER has at least three distinctions in his native County of Meigs, one being his service as an educator, the other the loyal duty he performed as a soldier in the World war, and the third being responsibility as county treasurer. He was born at Harrisonville, Meigs County, July 18, 1887, son of Wilbur and Effie (Stiles) Warner. His parents were also natives of Meigs County. His mother was born in 1864, and died in 1905. Wilbur Warner, who lives in Chester Township at the age of sixty-two has been a successful farmer. From Harrisonville he moved to a farm near Pomeroy, and later to Chester Township. In former years he was an extensive dealer in timber. He has been quite active in politics as a staunch republican, and served as township assessor of Salisbury Township. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His family consists of three sons and three daughters. The sons are: Robert; Charles D., a deputy in the treasurer ,s office; and William L., an electrician at St. Louis. Robert Warner acquired his early education in public schools at Harrisonville, attended Carleton College at Syracuse in Meigs County, and devoted thirteen years to school work. For four years he was at the Rose Hill School, for two years was principal of schools at Syracuse, and was principal of the Pomeroy Central School when elected county treasurer. Mr. Warner is now serving his second term as county treasurer. His individual education has been supplemented by considerable extension work with the Ohio University of Athens. Mr. Warner enlisted for service in the World war June 22, 1918, and was trained at Camp Sherman. He went overseas with the Three Hundred and Sixty-third Infantry of the Ninety-first Division, and was abroad seven and a half months. He was on duty in France and in Belgium, was in the Lys and Scheldt River sectors and also on the Flanders front. His service brought him in the area of heavy fighting, and he showed the qualities of a real soldier in that spirited conflict. Mr. Warner received his honorable discharge April 26, 1919, and is now a member of the Drew Webster Post of the American Legion. He married, June 30, 1921, Miss Ada Roush, daughter of Frank Roush, of Racine, Ohio. They have one daughter, Abbie Esther, born January 23, 1924. Mr. Warner is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and a teacher in the Sunday school, is affiliated with the Masonic Order and is a past noble grand and a trustee of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. ABRAHAM A. MASSAR is one of the old and prominent merchants of the Ohio Valley district in Meigs County. He has been in the grocery business at Pomeroy in the same block on Main Street for forty-one years. He is president of the Valley Standard Credit Company at Pomeroy. Mr. Massar was born at Pomeroy, January 2, 1864. His father, Valentine Massar, was born in Bavaria, Germany, learned the trade of saddler and harness maker there, and, coming to America, was attracted to Pomeroy by the presence of some relatives there. He continued his business there as a saddler and harness maker, and when the Civil war came on he proved his loyalty to his adopted country by enlisting as a Union soldier with an Ohio regiment. In 1865, about the time the war closed, he died, when thirty-seven years of age. His widow was then left with the care of four young children, Abraham A. being the youngest, and only about a year old. Her maiden name was Elizabeth Kautz. She was likewise a native of Bavaria, Germany, and was a small child when her father, George Kautz brought his family to America and settled in Meigs County, Ohio, on a farm in Chester Township. The Kautz family was very thrifty, and Mr. Massar’s mother showed a wonderful contrivance and industry in rearing her children. She supported HISTORY OF OHIO - 379 them by her work as a seamstress. Abraham A. Massar recalls a time when his mother carried eggs from the Kautz farm to market, selling them at five cents a dozen. In his own career as a merchant he has experienced similarly low prices for country produce, but in late years has sold eggs over the counter at seventy-five cents a dozen. His mother not only provided material support for her children, but was deeply interested in both their religious and mental training, and she had all the children confirmed and they have always been loyal members of the Lutheran Church. The mother died in December, 1901, at the age of seventy-six. There were two sons, George S. and Abraham A. George S. was born in 1860 and died in 1901. For many years he was associated as a partner with his brother Abraham in the grocery business. The daughter, Miss Katherine, is the oldest of the family and lines at Columbus. Amelia, widow of George Schlagel, also resides at Columbus. Abraham A. Massar was graduated from the Pomeroy High School in 1882, at the age of eighteen, and during his school vacations he and three other young men earned some money by building skiffs for themselves and for others, and after leaving school he worked in the cooper shop of the Excelsior Salt Works, splitting hoop poles. His brother George was also in the same shop, and he held various other positions. For one term he taught summer school, and at the conclusion of the term decided that educational work was not his forte. Finally he and his brother George, having saved $1500, opened a grocery store, and their business grew and prospered and has become one of the largest establishments of its kind in Meigs County. Mr. Massar while always a hard worker in his business has found time to attend to various public duties. For twenty-six years he was a member of the school board, part of the time being president of the board and he is now secretary of the board. He was also city clerk for a term of eleven years. He has not been a strict partisan in politics, though normally a democrat. He has served for many years as trustee of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Massar married Miss Mary A. Reinhart, daughter of George Reinhart, of Pomeroy. They have one daughter, Stella E., at home, and also have an adopted daughter, Hilda Ohlinger, the child of Mrs. Massar's sister. JASPER H. GRATE is a native of Meigs County and in his mature years has proved himself one of the able business men and citizens of that community. His home and business are at Middleport, where he is associated with John Mayer and Albert Scholl in the ownership of the Purity Ice Cream and Bottling Company. Mr. Grate was born on a farm in Salem Township, Meigs County, March 3, 1882, son of George and Flora (Corn) Grate, also natives of Meigs County. George Grate was born in 1858, and has been a prosperous farmer in Salem Township, where he has served as township trustee, as a member of the school board, and is active in the Fair Play Church and the republican party. There are three living children. The son Earl finished his education at Rio Grande College and is a teacher at Webster. Alma is the wife of Harry McGlothen. Jasper H. Grate attended school at Fair Play, and when eighteen years of age went to work for his uncle, Jasper Corn, in a bottling and ice plant at Wellston. He spent five years there, acquiring a thorough knowledge of all the technical details of the business. Following that he and his uncle, Will Corn, purchased the Gallipolis Bottling Works, and operated that establishment for twelve years. He then came to Middleport, and with John Mayer and Albert Scholl organized the Purity Ice Cream and Bottling Company. This business had been started some years before by John Mayer and wife, who manufactured ice cream for the local market. When the present owners took it over in 1915 the plant was housed in a room 20x20 feet. The business has grown extensively and its plant facilities have been greatly enlarged since then. The company supplies ice cream and soft drinks to all the Pomeroy Bend section and also as far as Gallipolis and to towns in Mason County, West Virginia. Other connections that indicate the interested part Mr. Grate plays in the business, civic and social life of Meigs County are his membership in the city council, his office as president of the Middleport Business Men’s Association, his vice presidency of the Valley Standard Credit Company, and his membership in the Kiwanis Club. He is a trustee and past chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Masons, a member of the Modern Woodmen of the World, and a republican. He is very prominent in the Presbyterian Church, being a trustee of the church, assistant superintendent of the Sunday school, and teacher of a boys' class. Mr. Grate has shown himself intensely in earnest in all that he undertakes, and is a model citizen. He married Miss Lenora Belcher, daughter of William Belcher. They have five children, Frances, William Robert, Eugene, Ruth and Mary. JOSEPH R. COOK is one of the representative younger members of the bar of Ashtabula County, and is established in successful general practice in his native city of Ashtabula, the largest city of the county, his birth having here occurred on the 29th of July, 1891. Mr. Cook is a son of Mack R. and Nettie (Davis) Cook, who still reside in Ashtabula, where the father is established in the mercantile business and is concerned also with real estate enterprise. Mack R. Cook was born in this county, on the 1st of April, 1863, and that the family name has been associated with the history of this section of the old Buckeye State from early years becomes evident when it is noted that in this county his father, Joseph R. Cook, was born in the year 1816. Joseph R. Cook passed his entire life in Ashtabula, where his death occurred in 1875. He was graduated from the Albany Law School, in the capital city of the State of New York, and became one of the distinguished members of the Ohio bar. He was engaged in the practice of law in his native county during the entire period of his professional career, and it is pleasing to note that his grandson and namesake, the subject of this review, is likewise winning prestige in the legal profession and staging his activities in the same fine little Ohio city as did the honored grandsire. Joseph R. Cook married Lucy Bartram, who was born in the State of New York, and who survived her husband several years. Mr. Cook was a son of Erastus Cook, who was born at Onondaga, New York, and who was numbered among the very early settlers of Ashtabula County, where he established his residence about the year 1805. Erastus Cook was a man of fine intellectuality. He had been educated for the ministry, but found it expedient to follow constructive activities rather than to engage in the work of the profession for which he had thus fitted himself, he having, however, always continued earnest and zealous in church service. He reclaimed and developed a large farm estate in Ashtabula County, and also owned and conducted a tavern or inn at East Village, which was then the leading town of the county and which is now a part of the City of Ashtabula. This old time tavern was one of the popular pioneer hostelries of this section of Ohio. 380 - HISTORY OF OHIO Philip Cook, father of Erastus, was born in Connecticut, became a successful dairy farmer in the State of New York and conducted a textile industry. He was there a man of large financial resources, as gauged by the standards of the locality and period. The lineage of the Cook family traces back to Scotch and English sources, and the first representatives in America settled in Connecticut in the Colonial days. Mack R. Cook was reared and educated in Ashtabula County, and here became a successful exponent of farm industry. In 1913 he engaged in the mercantile business at Ashtabula, and this enterprise he still continues, besides being engaged also in the real estate business. He is aligned in the ranks of the democratic party, and he and his wife hold membership in the First Congregational Church of Ash- tabula Mrs. Cook likcwise having been reared and educated in this county, where her birth occurred July 21, 1867. Of the children Joseph R., of this review, is the firstborn. Perry D. was graduated from the Palmer School of Chiropractic, Davenport, Iowa, and prior to this had attended Western Reserve University at Cleveland, one year, and for a similar period was a student in Allegheny University, Meadville, Pennsylvania, in which city he is now engaged in the practice of his profession, as a skilled chiropractic practitioner. In the World war period he served as rivet inspector in the shipyards of the Great Lakes Engineering Company at Ashtabula, where a large amount of important Government work was turned out. Mack D., who was principal of the public schools at West Carrolton, Ohio, was in the army transport service in the World war period. He is a graduate of Allegheny College, Meadville, Pennsylvania, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Harry C., youngest of the sons, attended Western Reserve University one year and at the time of this writing, in the autumn of 1924, he is still a member of the parental home circle. In the public schools of Ashtabula, Joseph R. Cook continued his studies until his graduation from the high school as a member of the class of 1910. While in high school he utilized his summer vacations by finding employment on the docks at Ashtabula, and after completing his high school course he showed his initiative and executive ability by devoting one year to the building and selling of houses at Ashtabula. In the advancing of his education he thereafter attended Western Reserve University until he received therefrom the degree of Bachelor of Arts, upon his graduation with the class of 1915. At the university he became affiliated with the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. By his activities in connection with contracting and building operations and the selling of the houses thus erected, Mr. Cook defrayed the expenses of his university course. Not only this, but fuller rewards came from his incidental activities in connection with the building business, as is evident when it is stated that when he entered the university his cash capital was seventy dollars, and after paying his college expenses, in both the academic and law departments, he emerged from fine old Western Reserve University with available capital of $3,000. He was graduated from the law department of Western Reserve University in 1917, and his reception of the degree of Bachelor of Laws was virtually coincident with his admission to the Ohio bar, in April, 1917. In this connection it may be recorded also that in March, 1923, he was admitted to practice in the Federal Courts of the Cleveland district. On the 1st of July, 1917, Mr. Cook opened an office in Ashtabula and engaged in the general practice of law. He has made his record an excellent one in his connection with both civil and criminal law, and has built up a substantial practice. His law business was subordinated to patriotism, however, when the nation became involved in the World war. July 20, 1918, marked his enlistment for service in the army transport service, and he was sent to Boston, Massachusetts, and assigned to duty in the United States Merchant Marine as applied to war transport service. He voyaged to France with troops and supplies, and after the return voyage he made a second trip overseas, on this occasion Genoa, Italy, having been the destination. He continued in service until March 17, 1919, when he receivcd his honorable discharge, and he then resumed the practice of his profession. Mr. Cook maintains his law offices at 160 1/2 Main Street, Ashtabula. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party, and he has given two years of service as clerk of elections, besides which he has held since 1919 the office of justice of the peace. He is now serving his second term as justice of the peace and is a candidate for county prosecutor of Ashtabula County, subject to the primaries of August 12, 1924. He and his wife are active members of the First Congregational Church in their home city. He is affiliated with Harbor Lodge No. 558, Free and Acepted Masons, and Crescent Commandery No. 543, Knights of Malta, at Ashtabula. He is a member of the Ashtabula City Bar Association and the Ashtabula County Bar Association, besides being affiliated with the Phi Delta Phi law school fraternity. He is a stockholder in and attorney for the Marine National Bank of Ashtabula and also the Harbor Investment Association of this city. On the shore of Lake Erie, at 19 Walnut Street, Ashtabula, Mr. Cook owns and occupies one of the attractive homes of the city, and he is the owner of other local realty, as well as real estate in the southern part of Ohio. June 20, 1917, recorded the marriage of Mr. Cook and Miss Clara M. Salchli, daughter of Frederick Salchli, who is a resident of Erie, Pennsylvania, he being a skilled machinist. Mr. and Mrs. Cook have two children: Ruth C., born February 15, 1920, and Marjorie M., born October 28, 1922. HOMER J. RUSSELL is in the wholesale grocery business in Meigs County, and is a citizen of more than ordinary achievement for a man still under forty years of age. Up to the age of seventeen he was a farm boy. He went to work for a local merchant named Mit White, at a salary of eight dollars a week. He paid four dollars a week for his board. He remained a clerk in that establishment four years, with increases in salary, and thriftily managed to save $150 in that time, which he used to purchase a half interest in the establishment. That was in 1905. Four years later he sold his share in the business and engaged as a grocery merchant on his own account. He was a retailer for five years, and in the meantime established another store in another part of the town. After selling both these stores he entered the wholesale and jobbing business. Mr. Russell now supplies the retail grocery trade in a territory including Meigs and Gallia counties in Ohio and Mason County, West Virginia. He visits his trade personally, spending two days each week calling upon merchants, while the rest of the time he is in personal charge of the wholesale house and plant. He also has two salesman in the counties named. Mr. Russell was born on a farm adjoining Middleport, March 15, 1886, son of Alonzo and Hannah Russell. His parents are still living at the, old homestead. Alonzo Russell in addition to operating his farm is also a coal operator, having a small coal mine on his place, supplying some of the local demands for coal at Middleport. Alonzo Russell is now sixty- HISTORY OF OHIO - 381 seven and his wife, sixty-four. They are very active members of the Baptist Church and Sunday school, and he is a republican and Knight of Pythias. There are two children, Homer J. and Alice. Alice married W. Fred Russell, of the same family name but not related. Homer J. Russell acquired his early education in district schools near home, leaving school at the age of seventeen and immediately taking up his commercial career as above related. His home was with his parents until he was twenty-five, when he established a home of his own by his marriage to Miss Essie Bolin, daughter of George Bolin. Mrs. Russell has wonderful natural gifts in needle work and related arts, and several years ago she established a millinery store in Middleport and is active manager of that business. She is a member of the Methodist Church, while Mr. Russell is a Baptist. He is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge, Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World. He is a republican voter, and a man of fine social as well as business qualifications. DANIEL HUGHES is one of the men responsible for the administration of the splendid school system of the City of Middletown. He is principal of the Garfield School in that city, and one of the prominent younger men in Ohio ,s educational affairs. He is a native of Middletown, where he was born October 3, 1890, son of the late Samuel and Lena (Coppersmith) Hughes. Attending school in his native city, he was graduated from high school in 1907, and subsequently did special work in Miami University at Oxford and the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio. His record as an educator began with the school at Princetown, Ohio, where he served three years as principal. Five years he was principal of schools at Georgetown, Ohio, and then for three years was out of school work, performing the duties of price clerk in the American Rolling Mills Company. Resuming his educational work, he served one year as principal of the Madison Township School, and in 1923 became principal of the Garfield School at Middletown. He has a staff of six teachers and 210 pupils in this school. Mr. Hughes in his personal studies has specialized in mathematics and geography, and in general school administration is known for his enthusiasm for athletics and organized play. He is a member of the Southwestern Ohio Teachers, Association, the Central Ohio Teachers, Association and the Ohio Teachers, Reading Circle. In 1917 he married Miss Lucile Davis, of Batavia, Ohio, daughter of Albert L. and Nettie (Clark) Davis. She was graduated from the Batavia High School. They have two children, Loren Vance born in 1918, and a daughter, Lyndal Virginia. JOSEPH P. SABEL has obtained a firm standing among the rising real estate and insurance men of Youngstown, although he is of foreign birth and has bean a resident of the United States only since 1902. Since his arrival he has allied himself with the best interests of the city of his adoption, with whose prosperity he has prospered and with whose development he has himself developed. Mr. Sabel was born in Lithuania, January 16, 1880, and received his early education in the public schools of his native place. He was twenty years of age when he decided to try his fortunes in America, going first to England and then to Canada. He was naturally attracted to Youngstown, which at that time was offering great opportunities for young men of enterprise and ambition, and which contained a large Lithuanian settlement. On his arrival he busied himself at various pursuits, finally obtaining employment in a steel mill, making sheet and tube steel. While thus employed he became acquainted with the opportunities to be found in real estate ventures, and began making experiments on his own account, at first in a very small way because of his limited capital. As time went on he increased the size of his ventures, and finally, in June, 1912, gave up all other interests to devote himself to the real estate and insurance business. He now maintains attractive and well appointed offices at 303 Mahoning Bank Building and has a large and valuable clientele. Mr. Sabel is one of the members who organized the St. Joseph Society among the Lithuanians and later organized the Lithuanian congregation which is now the St. Francis Church. He was elected chairman of the Lithuanian Relief Committee in 1914, and was sent later as a delegate to the Lithuanian National Convention at Chicago. He was active in the interests and work which later freed Lithuania from Russian rule and secured it as a republic. Mr. Sabel’s continuous progress to his present substantial standing has been the pure result of personal exertions and worth, as he has never been able to apply the influences of family force or inherited wealth to his individual affairs. Fortunately he located in a city where he had many brothers in the unaided struggle for advancement, and where those who have fought their way to an advanced position are quick to recognize merit and manliness. On his way to America in 1900, at Dayton, England, Mr. Sabel was united in marriage with Miss Anna Yanulavicuite, who was born in Lithuania, and they are the parents of three children : John, a graduate of the Youngstown High School and who pursues further studies in music at Warren Conservatory; George, attending the same school, and Vincent, attending a grade school. Thus his progressive and promising career has been rounded out in the way most fitting to the true American citizen, who, whatever his many activities, is anchored to wife, children and home. With his family Mr. Sabel belongs to St. Joseph ,s Church, in the work of which he has taken an active part, as he has also in civic movements, social events and the Young Men ,s Christian Association, where he first attended school on locating at Youngstown. He belongs also to the Lithuanian Progressive Club, in which he has numerous appreciative friends, and of which he is still an active member. CLAUDE A. BRUNER, A. B., is giving a most effective and constructive administration in the office of superintendent of the public schools of the City of Lebanon, judicial center of Warren County, and his service has been potent in advancing the standards of work in all departments of the city schools. Mr. Bruner was born in Champaign County, Ohio, August 3, 1879, and is a son of Daniel and Margaret (Peneton) Bruner. His preliminary education was acquired in the rural schools of his native county, and advanced by his attending the high school in the village of Morrow, Warren County, where he completed in three years the prescribed four years, course. Thereafter he taught one year in the Washington rural school and two years in the Independent School in Warren County, and gave a similar period of service as teacher in the seventh, eighth and ninth grades in the public schools of Mason. He then became superintendent of schools at Butler, Kentucky, where, in addition to having the general supervision of the schools, he taught ten classes each day. Upon concluding his excellent school work at Butler Mr. Bruner returned to Ohio and became superintendent of the public schools at Waynesville. In 1912 he initiated his splendid service in the Lebanon schools, where he was principal of the high school until 1916, 382 - HISTORY OF OHIO when he was advanced to his present office, that of superintendent of the city schools, with jurisdiction also over twelve rural schools. Under. his direction is a total of fifteen schools, thirty-eight teachers, and more than 1,000 pupils. Since coming to Lebanon Mr. Bruner has completed a course in the National Normal University, and also several hours in Miami University at Oxford, this state, besides which he availed himself of the advantages of Wittenberg College, at Springfield, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1915 and with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. While thus applying himself to diligent advanced study he continued his effective service as principal of the Lebanon High School. His professional loyalty and his enthusiasm in the encouraging of ambitious students have been quickened by the experience which was his in gaining his own education. He became largely dependent upon his own resources when he was a lad of sevcnteen years, and by his own efforts defrayed the expenses of his more advanced education. He is an active member of the Warren County, the Western Ohio Superintendents' Round Table, the Southwestern Ohio, the Central Ohio, the Ohio State, and the National Teachers' associations, and he has been active and influential in the affairs of various such educational associations. Mr. Bruner has completed the circle of York Rite Masonry, in which his maximum affiliation is with the Commandery of Knights Templars at Lebanon, the while his Masonic affiliations are extended to the Order of the Eastern Star and to the White Shrine. He is a past master of the Masonic Blue Lodge, holds, in 1924, the office of High Priest in the Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, is an officer in his Commandery, and is a past patron in the Eastern Star, besides which he holds membership in the Knights of Pythias, the Pythian Sisters, and the Grange. He is a popular member of the Lebanon Golf Club and the Men of Lebanon Club, of which latter he has served as president, and he is an active member also of the local Rotary Club. He and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church in their home city, he being a member of its official board, and also chorister and a teacher in its Sunday school. August 14, 1907, recorded the marriage of Mr. Bruner and Miss Leota Edingfield, daughter of J. J. and Flora (Scull) Edingfield, of Mason, Ohio. Mrs. Bruner attcnded the high school at Mason, and thereafter was a student in the Cincinnati College of Music, and also the Cincinnati School of Oratory and Dramatic Art, and the Kahn School of Expression, from the latter of which she was graduated and in each of which institutions she later completed post-graduate courses. In the World war period she taught in the eighth grade of the Lebanon schools, and she serves as a cadet or substitute teacher in any grade, when there is requisition for such service on her part. Mrs. Bruner is a past matron of the Eastern Star, is affiliated with the White Shrine, the Pythian Sistcrs and the Grange, is a valued member of the Woman's Literary Club and the 'Women of Lebanon Club in her home city, and among her activities in the local Methodist Church is her effective service as a teacher in the Sunday school. She is a popular and influential figure in the social and cultural circles of Lebanon. Mr. and Mrs. Bruner have no children. On the walls in the office of the Lebanon superintendent of schools, in the high-school building, are displaycd photographs of all former superintendents, whose names and respective periods of service are here made a matter of record, as follows: Josiah Hurty, 1851-54; Charles W. Kimball, 1854-61 and 1864-67; Collin Ford, 1861-62; William Hinkle, 186264; Louisa J. Wright, 1867-68; W. H. Pabodie 1868-70; Samuel F. Anderson, 1870-71; Thomas N. Wells, 1871-73; G. N. Carruthers, 1873-74; James C. Murray, 1874-78; Joseph T. Lukens, 1878-94; G. W. Lewis, 1894-99 ; J. M. Hamilton, 1899-1909; Charles H. Young, 1909-1916; Claude A. Bruner, 1916 to the present time. RAYMOND J. COPELAND assumed the office of treasurer of the City of Youngstown on the 1st of January, 1922, and gave to the fiscal affairs of the city an administration that fully justified the popular confidence that was shown in November 1921, when he was elected to this office by the largest majority ever rolled up for a candidate for said office in the whole history of this city. Mr. Copeland was born on the parental homestead farm in Columbiana County, Ohio, November 5, 1883, and is a son of Calvin and Elizabeth (Hudson) Copeland, the former of whom was likewise a native of Columbiana County and the latter was born near New Cumberland, West Virginia. Calvin Copeland passed virtually his entire life in his native county, there became a substantial exponent of farm industry, and there his death occurred in 1901, his widow being now a resident of Youngstown. Raymond J. Copeland was graduated from the high school at Struthers, Mahoning County, as a member of the class of 1898. He soon afterward became a trainman in railroad service, and in this line he was employed in turn by the Erie and the New York Central Railroad companies. Effective service won him advancement, and finally he became, in the rate and freight inspection department, an inspector in the interest of fifty-two railroads east of the Mississippi River. In this important service he continued, with headquartcrs at Youngstown, for a period of seven years, and his retirement came when he was elected city treasurer, in which connection he was a valued member of the city's executive corps at the city building in Youngstown. He has been a loyal worker in the ranks of the republican party, on the ticket of which he was elected to office. He and his wife are active members of Westminster Presbyterian Church at Youngstown, as is also his widowed mother. He is affiliated also with the Masonic fraternity, the Knigths of Pythias, the Protective Home Circle, and the Loyal Order of Moose, in which last organization he has passed the various official chairs, including that of dictator. In June, 1916, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Copeland and Miss Anna V. Gillespie, who was born and reared at Youngstown and who is a daughter of John and Mary (Reiley) Gillespie, natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Copeland have no children. PRESLEY H. SAID. One of the best known and most highly respected citizens of Delaware is Presley H. Said. His career throughout has been identified with useful work, in young manhood as a teacher, and for over twenty years with the McKenzie Lumber Company, of which he is secretary and treasurer. Mr. Said was born at Effingham, Illinois, November 29, 1871, but he represents two families that have been in Delaware County from pioneer days. His great-grandfather, Jesse Said, went from North Carolina into Eastern Kentucky, settling at Mount Sterling. The grandfather, Presley Said, accompanied by a brother, moved out of Kentucky and settled in Delaware County, Ohio, about 1835. He took up and developed a farm and reared his family there. His wife was Amelia Leggitt. Simpson Said, son of Presley and Amelia (Leggitt) Said, was born on the old homestead in Delaware County, grew up there and attended the local schools, and when fifteen years of age went away to the army to help fight the battles of the Civil war. On account of his age his father took him out of the service. HISTORY OF OHIO - 383 Still later he enlisted in the Eighty-eighth Ohio Infantry, and was with that regiment until the close of hostilities, most of the time on garrison duty. As a youth he came to know Sarah McCullough, who lived on a farm a few miles from the Saids. Some time after the war they were married. Her father was John McCullough, and the McCulloughs were of Scotch-Irish ancestry and came from Pennsylvania to Delaware County about 1830. Sarah McCullough was educated in the country schools, in the Central College at Westerville, Ohio, and was a teacher until her marriage. She died in 1893. In 1868 Simpson Said bought a farm at Effingham, Illinois, and lived there until 1877. Selling out, he returned to Delaware County, and is still living here. Presley H. Said was six years old when the family returned to Delaware County. He attended the public schools at Ostrander, and was in the high school there until 1888. Subsequently he obtained a teacher ,s certificate, and taught in the country districts of Delaware County from 1889 to 1.896. Mr. Said for a time attended Ohio Northern University at Ada, and had one year in Ohio Wesleyan University. During his university course at Delaware he employed his evenings and other spare time as bookkeeper for the McKenzie Lumber Company. Early in 1898 the Spanish-American war broke out, and he was one of the young men from Delaware County who enlisted in Company K of the Fourth Ohio Infantry. The regiment went to Camp Thomas, Georgia, and was in the Porto Rico campaign, participating in two engagements, including the battle of Guayana. Mr. Said in January, 1899, returned to Delaware, and since then has been permanently associated with Mr. McKenzie in the lumber business. He is a director in the McKenzie Lumber Company of Delaware, the Lumber and Coal Company of Springfield, the McKenzie Lumber and Timber Company of Waldo, McKenzie & Smith Company of Cardington, four prosperous organizations manufacturing and dealing in lumber and woodwork, wholesale and retail. Most of his duties are connected with the McKenzie Lumber Company of Delaware, of which he is secretary and treasurer. He is also a director and vice president of the Delaware Automatic Incubator Company. April 14, 1904, at Delaware, Mr. Said married Miss Henrietta Frost, daughter of Henry, C. and Mary J. (Ramsey) Frost. Her parents were born in Ohio and are now deceased. Her father was a farmer and stock buyer, and was one of the best known men in the county. Her mother, Mary J. Frost, was a daughter of Samuel Ramsey, one of the pioneers of Delaware County. Mr. and Mrs. Said have one daughter, Mary, born in 1910, and now attending public school. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Said was president in 1918 and is one of the leading members of the Delaware Chamber of Commerce. He also belongs to the Kiwanis Club, the Spanish-American War Veterans and is a Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. SCOTT J. MATTHEWS is founder and president of the Matthews Company at Port Clinton, Ottawa County, manufacturers of motor boats and cruising yachts and operating one of the largest plants of the kind. This company also builds various types of pleasure boats, gas engines, electric lighting plants and other mechanical equipment for marine service. Scott J. Matthews was born at Bascom, Seneca County, Ohio, March 8, 1869, son of Henry W. and Linney C. Matthews. His parents still live at Bastom, his father, at eighty-two and his mother at eighty. His father is a retired lumberman, and for many years operated saw mills in Lauderdale County, Tennessee, and elsewhere, and had planing mills and lumber yards at Bascom. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren Church. Scott J. Matthews was the only child of his parents and in his early manhood was actively associated with his father in the lumber business. In 1892, while he was manager of his father’s lumber and timber business, which included a plant for the manufacture of cabinets, Mr. Matthews constructed his first boat, one for his own pleasure and use, a launch propelled by a two-horse power motor, internal combustion engine. Several years later he was commissioned by the superintendent of the Lozier Manufacturing Campany at Toledo, Ohio, to construct a twenty-six foot cabin boat. After considerable difficulty a motor was secured and installed in the boat, but Mr. Matthews and the owner spent nearly an entire day before they could get the motor in action. Out of this came an alliance between the great Lozier industry and Mr. Matthews, the latter turning out the boats at his plant in Bascom, while the Loziers built the motors. In 1906 Mr. Matthews moved his plant to Port Clinton, and the Matthews Company now has an establishment with about 50,000 square feet of floor space, covering eight acres, and with 1,200 feet of dockage. The company is capitalized at $820,000, Mr. Matthews being its president. Mr. Matthews also invented and designed the high class type of the farm lighting plants, and manufactured some of them before the World war. The company still sells marine lighting plants. During the World war the Matthews plant was greatly enlarged, and handled a number of government contracts, including contracts for twenty submarine chasers for the navy, about one hundred sea plane hulls and pontoons, and also built some submarine chasers for the French Government, all the contracts being filled with honor. After the war the Matthews plant was shut down for three years, but in 1922 it was reopened and has since been busy with yacht construction. The company has built some of the finest cruising yachts in existence, including one for a Cleveland man that is ninety-five feet long and designed for ocean travel. While at Bascom Mr. Matthews built a seventy-foot motor yacht called Onward, and made a notable cruise of a year, beginning at Peoria, on the Illinois River, and down the Mississippi and across the Gulf and up the Atlantic coast to New York. That was in 1905-06. The boat is still in commission on the Atlantic coast. Mr. Matthews married Martha J. Miller, of Bascom. They have two sons and two daughters. The oldest son, Carl F. Matthews, was a naval designer with the navy department at Washington during the World war, and is now chief engineer and designer for the Matthews Company. He is the inventor of a tire rope for automobiles. The second son, Allen W. Matthews, is assistant engineer at the plant. The two daughters are Catherine and Helen. The family are members of the Episcopal Church. Mr. Matthews is a member of the Kiwanis Club, Colonial Club and many yacht and hunting clubs. He is a republican, and his sons are members of the Masonic Order. GORDON G. BALL, who has become one of the successful and influential representatives of real-estate enterprise in Trumbull County, with office headquarters in the Western Reserve Bank Building in the City of Warren, the county seat. Mr. Ball was born in the City of Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 7th of March, 1878, and is a son of Thomas G. and Laura A. (Fuller) Ball, whose marriage was solemnized at Ravenna, Ohio, in which city the widowed mother now maintains her home. She was born in the State of Pennsylvania, January 19, 1860, and was eight years of age when the family came to Ohio 384 - HISTORY OF OHIO and established a home at Beechwood, near Ravenna, Portage County. Thomas G. Ball was born in the year 1852, and was a resident of Birmingham, Alabama, at the time of his death in 1887, he having previously becn depot master for the old Ohio & Mobile Railroad Company, and having removed to Birmingham about the year 1885. There he continued in the service of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company until his death. His political allegiance was given to the republican party, in the affairs of which he was deeply interested during the many years of his residence in Ohio. Of the children, Gordon G., of this sketch, is the eldest; Mabel is the wife of Edward C. Fish, of Ravenna, Portage County; Laura Augusta dicd at the age of three years, the family home at the time having been at Covington, Kentucky ; Edward Chauncey resides at Ravenna and is a tire builder for the Mason Tire & Rubber Company of Kent, Portage County. The early education of Gordon G. Ball was obtained in the public schools of Cincinnati and Ravenna, but as a lad of eleven years he found employment in the operating of a scraping machine at the works of the Globe Carbon Company in Ravcnna. He continued in the employ of this concern until he was sixteen years old, and during the ensuing three and one-half years he was employed in the nickel plating department of the Williams Iron Works, Ravenna, where he won promotion to the position of boss plater. He was next advanced to the post of metal polishcr in the same establishment, with which he continued his service in this capacity for another period of three and one-half years. From 1901 to 1903 he was engaged in farm entcrprise near Ravenna, and he then sold his farm to Dan Hanna, son of the late Hon. Mark Hanna. Shortly afterward he purchased a farm near Streetsboro, Portage County, but a year later he sold this property and purchased a restaurant in the City of Kent, that county. He conducted this restaurant enterprise threc years, and in the meanwhile took a correspondcnce course in real-estate operations with the Cross Cooperative Association of Chicago, his course having been completcd in 1909, when he was graduated, he having in the meanwhile, in 1907, taken a clerical position in the service of the Eric Railroad Company. After his graduation he returned to Ravenna and resumed occupation as a metal polisher with the Williams Iron Works, with which he continued his connection one year, the while he gave his time evenings to the selling of insurance. In 1909 Mr. Ball was severely stricken with pleuro-pneumonia, and the consequent impairment of his lungs made it imperative for him to find outdoor employment after he had recuperated from his illness. He accordingly took a position with the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and hc was manager of its business at Ravenna and Kent from 1910 to 1913. From the latter year until 1917 he was the Portage County manager for the Toledo Life Insurance Company. He then became a real-estate salesman for the Mead Company at Akron, and in March, 1918, he formed a partnership with Earl Mead in the real-estate business at Warren. In June of the same year, however, the firm transferred its operations to Erie, Pennsylvania, here he sold real-estate allotments for the West Ridge Land Company until the following October. For this company Mr. Ball thereafter continued as sales manager until September, 1919, when he returned to Warren and assumed charge of the local office of Earl F. Mead, he having assumed control of the business in this field after the death of Mr. Mead in June, 1920, and having since continued as one of the leading real-estate men in the City of Warren, where he gives special attention to the handling of allotments and city properties. He now has the supervision of the Meadow Brook Little Farms allotment and the Liberty Steel Little Farms allotment, both of which lie adjacent to Warren, and he is doing a similar service of exploiting in connection with the Westmoreland Little Farms allotment, his well appointed offices being at 608 Western Reserve Bank Building. Mr. Ball is loyally aligned in the local ranks of the republican party, he and his wife hold membership in the Christian Church ; he is affiliated with Carl F. Clapp Lodge No. 655, Free and Accepted Masons, as well as Ali Baba Grotto of the Veiled Prophets, and Akron Lodge No. 363, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is secretary of the Lions Club at Warren, is here a stockholder in the Citizens Commercial & Savings Bank, and in addition to his attractive home, at 18 York Street, he owns three dwellings and a number of city lots in Warren. At Ravenna, on Christmas day of the year 1900, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Ball and Miss Mary Guttridge, daughter of the late William and Mary Guttridge, her father having been a skilled steel worker and having been employed as such both at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Warren, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Ball have two children: Clara Belle is the wifc of Murray Higgins, of Watertown, Wisconsin, and Kenneth Vincent is, in 1924, a student in the public schools of Warren. JOHN H. HOMEGARDNER, JUNIOR. The late John H. Homegardner, Junior, was for many years one of the leading business men of Sandusky, and at the time of his death was president and general manager of the Homegardner Sand Company and a director of the Citizens Banking & Trust Company. He was born at Sandusky, Ohio, July 29, 1854, and died in the city of his nativity November 30, 1917. His parents were John and Mary (Loebline) Homegardner, natives of Switzerland and Gcrmany, respectively. Mr. Homegardner was reared at Sandusky, and attendcd Saint Mary 's parochial school and Brickey Business College. When he was only thirteen years old he began learning the sand business with his father, by whom he was employed for eleven years, and then he was taken into the shoe firm of Guideman & Homegardner, and this association continued until 1889, when he embarked in the sand business and became vice president of the Homegardner Sand Company, holding that office until the death of his father, the president of the concern, when he succeeded him, and, as before stated, was its chief executive and general manager from then until his demise. He was connected with several other local enterprises, for he was a man of great energy and possessed a deep-seated faith in Sandusky and its future. On June 28, 1881, Mr. Homegardner married Louise Stang, who was born in Huron County, Ohio, November 21, 1854, a daughter of Peter and Magdalene (Herman) Stang, natives of Baden, Germany, and Alsace-Lorraine, France, respectively. The grandparents, Joseph and Mary (Platz) Stang, came direct to Huron County, Ohio, after landing in this country, and here they became farmers. The maternal grandparents, Joseph and Magdalene Herman, were early settlers of Huron County. All of the members of both families were interested in agriculture. Mr. and Mrs. Homegardner had the following children: Norma Louise, who married J. T. Farrell, of Sandusky ; and Wanda Marie, who married Norbert J. Kuebeler, and resides with her widowed mother. Mr. Homegardner belonged to Saint Mary 's Roman Catholic Church, and his widow belongs to Saints Peter and Paul's Roman Catholic Church. In politics he was a democrat. Fraternally he affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, which he served as treasurer for a number of years, and with several other orders. In his death Sandusky lost one HISTORY OF OHIO - 385 of its representative citizens, and his family and church a loyal, upright and Christian man. MATT HOFMASTER. In the earlier periods of this country’s history when nearly everyone owned his own home, the real-estate business was not nearly so important as it is today, when the changes in living conditions and business exactions have resulted in a tendency to rent instead of buy, so that ownership of property has fallen into the hands of a few, and their affairs are, as a rule, handled by expert realtors, who, giving all of their time to such matters, know how to render the best service to all parties. Particularly has their work been of value during the recent building shortage produced by war conditions, and one of the alert business men of Sandusky who has achieved excellent results in this field is Matt Hof-master, 1126 Columbus Avenue. Matt Hofmaster was born in Switzerland, in 1870, a son of Matt and Anna (Stoker) Hofmaster, who in 1871, came to the United States and settled at Sandusky, Ohio. The father, a carpenter by trade, and an excellent workman, found plenty of employment, but was not satisfied with conditions, and so later moved to Kansas, where the mother subsequently died. After the death of his mother the younger Matt Hofmaster returned to Sandusky and established himself in the real estate business, in which he has since continued, building up a large and valuable connection. He maintains membership with the Sandusky Chamber of Commerce, and through it and in divers other ways is of value to his community. In 1897 Mr. Hofmaster married Tena Hassenflug, born at Sandusky, a daughter of Nicholas and Marie Hassenflug, natives of Switzerland. The General Reformed Church holds the membership of Mrs. Hofmaster and receives her support. In political faith he is a republican. Fraternally he affiliates with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and with the Knights of Pythias. In everything he undertakes Mr. Hofmaster goes into details carefully, and his results show that he understands his business and that he has the confidence of those who deal with him. JOHN N. GEORGE is a civil engineer by profession, the same line that his father followed and for which some of his sons are also training, and for the past five years he has been city engineer of East Liverpool. Mr. George was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, October 14, 1874. His father, John A. George, was born in September, 1838, at Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, was reared there, and as a young man moved to Allegheny City, now a part of greater Pittsburgh. He married there and followed his profession as civil engineer, but in 1874 moved to Wellsville, Ohio, where he took charge of the construction of the Wellsville waterworks. In 1882 he removed to East Liverpool, and in connection with his practice as a civil engineer he acted for seventeen years as city engineer. He died in December, 1921. He was also county engineer of Columbiana County for one term, was a republican, and a devout member of the First Presbyterian Church. He served in the Civil war as a Union soldier, being a member of a Pennsylvania Regiment of Infantry. John A. George married Henrietta Shelby, who was born at Allegheny, Pennsylvania, in 1853, and died at East Liverpool in 1893. She was the mother of five children, John N., being the oldest; Howard died at the age of seven years; Walter W. is a merchant at Youngstown, Ohio; Will H. was a traveling salesman, and died at East Liverpool at the age of thirty; and Ethel is the wife of Walter Lucas, who operates a printing establishment at Kansas City, Kansas. John N. George has lived at East Liverpool since he was eight years of age. He was educated in the East Liverpool public schools and in Wooster University at Wooster, Ohio. Leaving the university, he went to work under his father, serving a practical apprenticeship to learn civil engineering. That has been his profession, and to it he has given his best energies for twenty-five years or more. He has done practically all his work in East Liverpool and over other sections of Columbiana County. His offices are in the East Liverpool Review-Tribune Building on Washington Street. Mr. George was appointed city engineer by Mayor Joseph S. Wilson in July, 1919. He is a republican in politics, and is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, of the American Engineering Society and of the Ohio Engineering Society. He owns real estate in East Liverpool, including his home at 416 Vine Street. Mr. George married at East Liverpool in June, 1892, Miss Carrie Yates, daughter of Noah and Sarah (Lawson) Yates, residents of East Liverpool, where her father is a retired merchant. Mr. and Mrs. George have five children: Harry Y., a student in the Case school of Applied Science at Cleveland; Norman, who graduated from the East Liverpool High School in 1923, now assisting his father ; Ralph, a student in the East Liverpool High School; Sarah Alice, also in high school; and Dorothy. CLINTON DAVIS SHAFER, president and manager of C. D. Shafer & Company, wholesale grocers in Athens County, has exhibited a genius for commerce, and when little more than a school boy engaged successfully in business. He was born at Nelsonville, Athens County, Ohio, and still has his home there. His birth occurred December 11, 1881. His parents were George and Mary Margaret (Shoemaker) Shafer. The Shafer family came to Ohio from New Jersey in 1850 and settled two and one-half miles north of Athens. George Shafer was then a boy, and he walked the entire distance from New Jersey except for one-half day when he rode in a wagon. As a young man he was crippled, and he worked in the David Zenner store in Athens. For many years he was a grocery merchant at Nelsonville, and he died at the age of seventy-six, and his wife, at seventy-two. They were active members of the Christian Church, and he was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In the family were ten children. The sons all took up commercial pursuits: Edward E., who has charge of the Nelsonville branch of C. D. Shafer & Company; Harvey W., who is in the grocery business at Nelsonville; D. F., in the coal business at Columbus; Clinton D.; Eugene, of Worthington, Ohio; Donald H., who has a cigar and news stand at Nelsonville; and Cecil S., of Nelsonville. Clinton Davis Shafer was reared at Nelsonville, and while attending the grammar and high schools there he was employed in his father ,s store, this being his training for an independent business career. In 1898, when only seventeen years of age, he made his first business venture, on borrowed money. In that year and the following year he bought potatoes by the car load lots in Michigan, and sold them to local merchants in Southeastern Ohio. In 1902 Mr. Shafer and his brother H. W. bought the store of their father, and two years later he became sole proprietor of the business. In 1913 he established the wholesale grocery house of C. D. Shafer & Company, his brother, Edward E., being his partner. For eight years this company did a large business with the country trade in the three counties of Hocking, Perry and Athens. Mr. Shafer still visits occa- 386 - HISTORY OF OHIO sionally his old customers over these counties. In 1922 he bought the wholesale grocery business at Athens, formerly the F. C. Stedman Company, and he now has two plants, doing business in ten Ohio counties. Mr. Shafer is also president of the Carbon Hill Oil and Gas Company. He is a member of the Nelsonville Chamber of Commerce, belongs to the Rotary Club, is a member of the Masonic Lodge at Nelsonville, and in politics is independent. In 1905 Mr. Shafer married Miss Lucy Jack, daughter of William F. Jack, of Albany. W. SIDNEY HARVEY has the technical equipment and the executive ability that conspire to make most effective his administration in the office of city engineer of Warren, the vital capital city of Trumbull County. Walter Sidney Harvey was born in historic old Swansea, South Wales, and the date of his nativity was December 16, 1880. He is a son of John F. and Mary Ann (Spurway) Harvey, the former of whom still resides at Swansea, and the latter there died in the year 1904. She was born at Barnstaple, Devonshire, England, in 1841, and her mother there lived to the remarkable age of 103 years. John F. Harvey was born near Barnstaple, Devonshire, England, in 1846, and there he was reared and educated. At the age of twenty-one he moved to South Wales, where he has continuously resided at Swansea since he was a youth of twenty-three years. As a chartered accountant of exceptional ability, he there continued to follow his profession until the spring of 1923, when he retired from his post as active head of the firm of John F. Harvey & Sons, of which he was the founder and the business of which is being continued by his son Charles H., the enterprise being now one of the largest and most important of its kind in South Wales. John F. Harvey is a liberal in politics, has been affiliated with the Masonic fraternity for more than half a century, and is a zealous member of the Congregational Church, as was also his wife. Of the children the first born, Francis, died at the age of eighteen months ; Alice died when three years of age; Edith Maude, the wife of Archibald E. Grant, died in September, 1923, in London, England, where her husband is a representative of the British Insulated and Helsby Cables, Limited, electrical engineers, Mr. and Mrs. Grant having spent several years in Canada and having resided for a considerable time in India; George Henry is city treasurer of Johannesburg, South Africa; Charles Herbert resides at Swansea and has charge of the business there founded by his father, as noted in a preceding paragraph; John Stanley, a lawyer by profession, is a practicing solicitor at Swansea, where he is a member of the firm of Davies, Ingram & Harvey; Walter Sidney, of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; and Alice Mabel, who resides at Swansea, is the widow of Donald Burnie, who was killed in the World war, while in service as a member of the Royal Welsh command, in which he was a first lieutenant. In St. Andrew,s College and Swansea Grammar School in his native city W. Sidney Harvey continued his studies until he was eighteen years of age, when he went to Bristol, England. There he was articled to Col. T. J. Scoons, Member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, of Bristol, with whom he continued to be associated five years, in the meanwhile winning advancement to the position of chief assistant engineer. While with Colonel Scoons he made three trips to West Africa, where he served as resident engineer of steel pier work. He next allied himself with the British Insulated & Helsby Cables, Limited, in the capacity of resident engineer, with headquarters at Prescott, near Liverpool, England, and for one year he was engineer on street-railway construction work at Chesterfield, England. Thereafter he passed about one year as chief assistant to the borough engineer of Chesterfield. For the ensuing four years he was associated with the firm of Robert H. B. Neal, Limited, contractors on public works. In this connection he was chief engineer agent on sewerage works in Somerset, and dock work for the Northeastern Railway at Hull, England. In 1910 Mr. Harvey came to America, and at Toronto, Canada, held the post of assistant engineer in the main drainage department of the city about one year. In 1911 he went to Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, as chief assistant city engineer, and later he was made city engineer, a position which he retained until 1914, when he returned to Toronto. There he served three years as chief designing engineer of sewers, and in 1917 he joined the Leaside Munitions Company, by whom he was employed as constructing engineer on a large shell plant for the United States government at Leaside, Ontario. After the armistice brought the World war to a close Mr. Harvey, in the autumn of 1918, joined the staff of the Toronto Harbor Commission, as engineer of sewers. About one year later he became associated with Alexander Potter, a leading consulting engineer in New York City, and it was in this connection that he came to Warren, Ohio, to take charge of a comprehensive survey and the preparation of a report relative to water conservation in the Mahoning Valley, besides designing the Red Run sewer and making an appraisal of the waterworks system of Warren. This city was signally favored in gaining Mr. Harvey, a man of sterling character and remarkable broad and varied professional and technical experience, as the incumbent of the office of city engineer, a post to which he was here appointed in March, 1921, and of which he has since continued the efficient and valued holder. He had become acting city engineer several months prior to his formal appointment. Mr. Harvey is an associate member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, England; an associate member of the Engineering Institute of Canada, of the Toronto branch of which he was secretary for some time; and is a member of the American Association of Engineers. He was the winner of the Telford premium awarded in 1907 by the Institution of Civil Engineers in England, this distinction having come to him on the merit of his excellent paper on the subject of pier construction. At Warren, Mr. Harvey and his wife are zealous communicants of Christ Church, Protestant Episcopal, and here also he is affilliated with Carroll F. Clapp Lodge No. 655, Free and Accepted Masons. On the 6th of June, 1911, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Harvey and Miss Lina Vivian Haddock, the wedding having occurred at Lachine Province of Quebec, Canada. Mrs. Harvey is a daughter of George and Kathleen (Vivian) Haddock, the former of whom died in Hull, England, his widow being now a member of the family circle of Mr. and Mrs. Harvey at Warren. Mr. Haddock, a skilled accountant, was for many years stationed near Buenos Ayres, Argentine Republic, in the service of the celebrated Liebig Company, manufacturers of meat extracts. Mrs. Harvey attended college in South America, the Putney High School in London, England, and the Harrogate Ladies College at Harrogate, England. A woman of culture and gracious personality, she is now a popular figure in the representative social life of Warren. Mr. and Mrs. Harvey have two children: Kathleen, born March 17, 1912, and Vivian, born August 4, 1917. PAUL WEEKS LITCHFIELD located at Akron in 1900, a recognized expert in rubber factory manage- HISTORY OF OHIO - 387 ment and technique, and took charge of the factory of the then recently established Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, which was organized in 1898. The company at that time manufactured bicycle tires and carriage tires, and for half a dozen years the business encountered many difficulties. The Goodyear Company was one of the first to adopt its manufacturing facilities to the making of automobile tires, and during the past fifteen years the company has become the largest of its kind in the world, manufacturing a long list of rubber products and with factories and distributing agencies all over the world. Mr. Litchfield has directed the factory operations and has kept the technical facilities equal to the immense demand made upon them. He was born at Boston, Massachusetts, July 26, 1875, son of Charles M. and Julia (Weeks) Litchfield. His parents were natives of Maine. The founder of the Litchfield family came from England in 1636. The paternal grandmother of Mr. Litchfield was a Soule, descended from George Soule, who came over in the Mayflower. P. W. Litchfield qualifies for membership in the Mayflower Society and the Sons of the American Revolution. Paul W. Litchfield graduated from the English High School at Boston in 1892, and in 1896 received the degree Bachelor of Science and chemical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Practically his entire experience since leaving college has been in the field of rubber manufacturing. He learned the practical technical details of making rubber tires and cloth at Reading, Massachusetts, and was with the tire manufacturing concern the L. C. Chase Company at Chelsea, Massachusetts, until 1898. He was foreman in the plant of the New York Belting & Packing Company of Passaic, New Jersey, for a time, and in 1899 was made superintendent of the International Tire Company at Chelsea, Massachusetts. In July, 1900, he came to Akron as factory superintendent for the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. In December, 1915, he was made vice president of the company, as well as being kept in charge of the factory operations. He has also been a director in the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company of Canada, Great Britain and California, and is officially identified with other organizations in the rubber industry. Mr. Litchfield is also responsible for the aeronautics department at Goodyear, leading in the manufacturing of balloons and airships in America. He is also general manager of the Goodyear Zeppelin Corporation. Mr. Litchfield has served as a trustee of Akron University. He has been president of the University Club of Akron, president of the Technology Club of Northern Ohio, official in the Akron Chamber of Commerce, and is a Knights Templar Mason. He belongs to the Portage Country Club and other social organizations. He married, June 23, 1904, Miss Florence Pennington Brinton, daughter of Capt. J. B. Brinton, of Ashland, Ohio. Their children are Katharine Pennington and Edith F. JOSEPH N. SCHAEFER, the popular proprietor of the Phoenix Hotel in the City of Findlay, Hancock County, was born at Sandusky, Ohio, December 10, 1863, and is a son of Joseph and Anna (Baker) Schaefer, both natives of Germany and both children at the time of the immigration of the respective families to the United States. Joseph Schaefer was born in Luxemburg, Germany, in 1832, and thus was about seven years of age when, in 1839, he accompanied his parents to the United States, the family home having been established at Rochester, New York, where the parents passed the remainder of their lives. After his marriage Joseph Schaefer worked at his trade, that of cooper, in Ohio, and in the early ,70s he engaged in the retail grocery business at Sandusky. About the year 1876 he removed with his family to Green Springs, Seneca County, where he was engaged in the liquor business until the early ,80s, when he returned to Sandusky. About ten years later he came to Findlay, where he continued to make his home until his death. Both he and his wife were communicants of the Catholic Church, and his political allegiance was given to the democratic party. Of the six children four are living at the time of this writing, in the summer of 1923: Mary is the wife of Edward Curth, of Toledo; Joseph N., of this sketch, is the next younger ; Carrie maintains her home in Toledo; and Anna is the wife of Henry Miller. In his boyhood and early youth Joseph N. Schaefer received the advantages of the Catholic parochial schools, and he remained at the parental home until he had attained to his legal majority. He then entered the service of the street car company in the City of Cincinnati. He was later employed by other concerns in that city, and illness finally led him to return to Sandusky, where he remained until he had recuperated. In 1887 he engaged in business at Findlay, and in 1889 he here established himself in the hotel business, in which he successfully continued for several years, when he sold his hotel and business. In the meanwhile he had been specially successful in his activities in connection with oil production in the Ohio fields. Eventually he resumed his active association with the hotel business at Findlay, where he owns the Phoenix Hotel and maintains the same at an excellent standard. He is aligned in the ranks of the democratic party, and is affiliated with the Findlay Lodge of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. In 1888 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Schaefer and Miss Mary E. Gunderman, and they became the parents of two sons, both of whom died young. Mrs. Schaefer,s death occurred August 11, 1922, and in the summer of 1923 Mr. Schaefer initiated a tour in Europe. MARIA LONGWORTH STORER Of Cincinnati was born in that city, March 20, 1849, daughter of Joseph and Annie (Reeves) Longworth. She is a granddaughter of Nicholas Longworth, one of the founders of Cincinnati. Mrs. Storer was founded of the Rockwood Pottery in 1880, one of the notable manufacturing institutions of Cincinnati. She has herself done notable work as decorator in pottery and metal, and was awarded the gold medal at the Paris Expositions of 1889 and 1900. She married in 1868, George Ward Nichols, who died in 1895. Her second husband was Bellamy Storer, lawyer and diplomat, who died November 12, 1922. B. WORTH WELLER. A business really national in scope and importance is that of the J. Weller Company, canners and packers of vegetable products, with the main headquarters of the business now located at Oak Harbor in Ottawa County, Ohio. The manager of this business is B. Worth Weller, son of the founder, Jacob Weller. Jacob Weller was born in Maryland, near the City of Washington, in the year of 1842, of Holland-Dutch ancestry. He was well educated. When the Civil war came on the Weller family was living on the border, and he entered service with the Confederate states, while other members of the family were represented in the Union army. Jacob Weller acquired a Bachelor ,s degree from a Pennsylvania college. His people were largely truck and stock farmers, and the young man Jacob Weller engaged in the peanut bud- 388 - HISTORY OF OHIO ness. He had his headquarters at Wilmington, North Carolina, and bought peanuts all over Virginia, North Carolina and Tennessee. Subsequently he moved his residence to Covington, Kentucky, and in 1876 established a pickle business in Cincinnati, this being one of the first establishments of the kind in Ohio. Jacob Weller at one time was known as the Peanut King of America. In 1900 a small plant of the J. Weller Company was established at Oak Harbor, and in 1908 B. Worth Weller came to Oak Harbor and since has had the personal management of the business there. The products of the Weller plant in Cincinnati were known as the Acme brand. The chief output of the Oak Harbor industry is dill pickles, kraut and catsup. Many jobbers over the country sell the Weller goods under their own brand. The peanut business built up by J. Weller was subsequently turned over to his wife 's brother J. B. Worth, of Petersburg, Virginia. Jacob Weller and wife since 1914 have had their home at Oak Harbor. He was a prominent citizen of Cincinnati for many years, and was nominated on the citizens ticket and elected treasurer of Cincinnati. This citizens ticket was nominated for the purpose of securing clean administration of city affairs, which had long suffered from the corruption of Boss Cox Rule. This was the only elective office ever held by Jacob Weller, and his administration resulted in saving the city $76,000 in a single year. Jacob Weller has been strictly independent in local politics, though usually leaning to the republican cause in national affairs. He served as a deacon of the Presbyterian Church in Covington, and held membership in the Knights Templar Commandery of Masonry at Covington. He is a director of the First National Bank in Oak Harbor. Jacob Weller married Virginia Worth, who was born in North Carolina in 1852, and is of English ancestry. They became the parents of three children: Arthur Douglas, who was associated with his father 's business and a very able man, who died at the early age of thirty-three, in 1916; and Mary, the wife of Starr Walter, a bond broker at Cincinnati. B. Worth Weller, the other son of Jacob Weller and wife, was born at Covington, Kentucky, February 10, 1880, and derived his early education in the public schools at Covington and also attended Colonel Bingham's famous military school near Asheville, North Carolina. He had one year in the University of Cincinnati, but an accident resulting in a cracked hand caused him to leave the University. He subsequently became his father 's assistant, and in 1907 he went to Arizona, riding the range on a stock ranch and sleeping in the open as a means of warding off a threatened attack of tuberculosis. He came home completely rugged in health, and has maintained a perfect picture of health through subsequent years. In addition to the main business at Oak Harbor the Weller Company has branch plants at Clay, New York, and Leslie, Michigan. B. Worth Weller is a member of the Business Men's Association and the local Masonic bodies, and belongs to the Knights Templar Commandery at Fremont, the Mystic Shrine at Toledo and the Elks Lodge at Fremont. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church, and he is non-partisan in politics. Mr. Weller married Miss Adelle Chittenden Sowles, daughter of Charles Sowles, of Cincinnati. Mr. Weller was a football player while in college. He also belongs to the Perueian Boat Club at Cincinnati. His hobby has been the collection of fire arms, both ancient and modern. While a resident of Cincinnati he served as a lieutenant of company G of the First Ohio Regiment, National Guard. HAROLD E. MAPUS is a representative of the third generation of the Mapus family in Erie County, Ohio, and at Sandusky, the judicial center of the county, he has found ample opportunity for the developing of a substantial real estate business of general order. His operations have been extended outside the limits of the city and county, and he has status as one of the vital and progressive exponents of this important line of enterprise in his native county. His birth occurred on his father's farm in Groton Township, this county, July 30, 1893, and he is a son of George W. and Kate W. (McCarty) Mapus, the former of whom was likewise born in Erie County and the latter was born in Sandusky County, this state, a daughter of Thomas W. and Esther E. (White) McCarty. Her father was born in Pennsylvania. Mr. Mapus' great-grandfather Ward built the first flour mill in this section. It was located at Venice, Ohio. His grandfather Mapus came at the age of fifteen from Germany to America, and resided in Erie County until his death. George W. Mapus, who is still numbered among the substantial exponents of farm industry in Erie County, has here maintained his home from the time of his birth, and he is a son of Peter J. and Emily M. (Ward) Mapus, the formcr a native of Germany and the latter of Erie County, Ohio. Mrs. Kate W. (McCarty) Mapus died February 8, 1924, and is survived by five children. The early educational discipline of Harold E. Mapus included that of the Margaretta Township High School, and thereafter he continued his studies in the University of Ohio until 1911. He continued his alliance with farm industry thereafter until he had attained to his legal majority, when he became a salesman for the Cleveland branch of Swift & Company, the great Chicago meat packers. His next service was at Findlay, where for eighteen months he was associated with the Hancock-Buick Company, distributors for the Buick automobiles and also for the products of the Minneapolis Steel & Machinery Company. It was after severing this connection that Mr. Mapus established his present real-estate business at Sandusky, where his energy and progressive policies are making for the continuous expansion of his business in both scope and importance. Mr. Mapus is a republican of well fortified convictions, is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of the Maccabees, is a member of the Commercial Club in the Village of Castalia, and he and his wife hold membership in the Congregational Church. November 30, 1914, recorded the marriage of Mr. Mapus and Miss Lois E. Palmer, who was born and reared in Erie County, a daughter of Samuel J. and Lydia A. (Burr) Palmer, the former a native of this county and the latter of Sandusky County. Mr. and Mrs. Mapus have four children: Gertrude E., James W., Harold Leland and Eva Marie. EARL C. REID, secretary and treasurer of the Orwell Banking Company at Orwell, Ashtabula County, has proved a most careful and. progressive executive and has done much to further the success of this well ordered institution, which is incorporated as a state bank and which initiated business in the year 1897. The Orwell Banking Company bases operations on a capital stock of $25,000, it has surplus and undivided profits totaling $41,500, and its deposits are $500,000. The personnel of the executive corps of the company is as here designated: E. A. Sellers, president; F. W. Parker, vice president; Earl C. Reid, secretary and treasurer; and E. J. Goddard, assistant cashier. Earl C. Reid was born at Monroe Falls, Summit County, Ohio, November 26, 1882, and is a son of Charles C. and Amanda (Culver) Reid, the former of whom was born in the State of Connecticut, in 1851, and the latter was born at Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, in 1849. Charles C. Reid was not only a native of Con- HISTORY OF OHIO - 389 necticut, but also a scion of a family that was there founded in the Colonial period of our national history, the first American representative of the Reid family having come from Scotland. Charles C. Reid was a small boy at the time of the family removal to Ohio, and the home was here established at Cuyahoga Falls, Summit County, where his father engaged in the work of his trade, that of cooper, and where the parents passed the remainder of their lives. In Summit County Charles C. Reid was reared and educated, and there he was for many years successfully engaged in the general merchandise business at Monroe Falls. In 1907 he retired from active business and moved to Cuyahoga Falls, where he continued to reside until his death, March 9, 1917. He was a well fortified advocate of the principles of the republican party, was affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and he and his wife held membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Reid passed to eternal rest November 11, 1921. Of the three surviving children the eldest is Ada M., who is the wife of William Lewis, a substantial farmer near Conroe, Texas ; Earl C., of this review, was the next in order of birth ; and Blanche E. is the wife of Harry Booth, her husband being employed as a skilled mechanic in the City of Cleveland, and she is private secretary to one of the leading physicians there. After completing the work of the junior year in the high school at Cuyahoga Falls Earl C. Reid learned telegraphy, in 1899, and was thereafter made telegraph operator for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, on the New Castle division. Later he was advanced to the position of station agent at Middlefield, Ohio, where he remained six years. He then, in 1914, assumed the position of assistant cashier in the bank of the Middlefield Banking Company, with which he continued his alliance until January 1, 1920, when he accepted the important executive post of which he is now the incumbent, that of secretary and treasurer of the Orwell Banking Company. Mr. Reid pays unqualified allegience to the republican party, and he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church in their home village. The attractive home of the family is on North Main Street, and in addition to this property Mr. Reid is the owner of real estate in the City of Cleveland. In the Masonic fraternity Mr. Reid is a past master of Village Lodge No. 274, Free and Accepted Masons, at Burton, Geauga County, and at Chardon, judicial center of that county, he is a member of Chardon Chapter No. 106, Royal Arch Masons. At Warren, Trumbull County, he is affiliated with Warren Council No. 58, Royal and Select Masters, and Warren Commandery No. 39, Knights Templar. He is identified also with the Masonic Past Masters Association in the City of Cleveland, and at his home village is a member of Orwell Lodge No. '477, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. At Middlefield, Geauga County, on the 7th of October, 1914, Mr. Reid wedded Miss Elizabeth R. Rose, who was there reared and educated and who was graduated from the Middlefield High School. Mrs. Reid is a daughter of the late Joseph J. Rose, who was president of the Middlefield Banking Company at the time of his death, his widow, whose maiden name was Ruth Bissell, being still a resident of Middlefield. Mr. and Mrs. Reid have one child, Joseph Earl, who was born June 29, 1917. EUGEN HOHENADEL is a citizen of Nelsonville, identified with a number of the important business interests of that thriving community in Athens County. Mr. Hohenadel was born in Wurttemberg, Germany, in 1874, son of Joseph and Monka (Berger) Hohenadel. A few years after his birth his parents came to the United States, locating at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His father was a master brewer, educated in a technical school and by practice in Germany, and at Pittsburgh he was connected with several brewing industries. He died there in 1908. Eugen Hohenadel acquired his early education in the public schools of Pittsburgh. His father taught him the rudiments of the brewer’s art, and he worked in breweries at Pittsburgh and later at St. Louis, Missouri, where he was raised to the rank of master brewer. He was in St. Louis twelve years, and for a time attended a prominent' brewing technical college in Chicago. After obtaining the rank of master brewer he was connected with the Eagle Brewing Company and the Monarch Brewing Company in Chicago, and from there came to Nelsonville, Ohio, to take charge of a local brewing plant that had been erected in 1905. After the prohibition law went into effect the plant was remodeled for the manufacture of non-alcoholic beverages, and it also does a successful business as a cold storage plant and supplies Nelsonville with artificial ice. Mr. Hohenadel is proprietor of the Boot Shop, one of the most popular shoe stores at Nelsonville. He married Miss Addie Cox, daughter of Lesley Cox, of Nelsonville. Mr. Hohenadel is secretary of the Presbyterian Sunday School, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and a member of Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Columbus. He is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. EDWARD SHERMAN SHECK is a practicing attorney at Akron, with offices in the Second National Building, is a native son of that city, and has made a most commendable record both in his profession and as a citizen. He is senior member of the firm of Sheck & Stevens. He was born at Akron, January 17, 1892, the son of Eugene and Lydia (Evans) Sheck. As a boy growing up in Akron he attended the Leggett School until 1905, graduated from the Central High School in 1909, and during 1911-12 was a student in Western Reserve University at Cleveland. He took his law course at Ohio State University at Columbus, graduating in 1915. Played football with the Akron Central High School and Ohio State University. Mr. Sheck then engaged in law practice at Akron, Ohio, but when America entered the World war he joined the colors and served eleven months in the United States Army. He was also active in civilian war work, doing much in the campaign for the sale of Liberty Bonds and as a four-minute speaker and as a member of the Legal Advisory Board of the Red Cross. Mr. Sheck resumed his general law practice after the war, and served for two years as assistant county prosecutor. He is a member of the Summit County, Ohio State and American Bar associations. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a charter member of Tadmor Temple of Akron, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, the University Club, the Army and Navy Union clubs, the Ohio State University Alumni Association, the American Legion, the Delta Theta Phi fraternity, and Silver Lake Country Club of Akron. He married Miss Florence McGowan, and they have one daughter. SMITH HICKENLOOPER, judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio, was born at Cincinnati, February 13, 1880, son of Andrew and Maria L. (Smith) Hickenlooper. He graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Cincinnati in 1901, received the Bachelor of Laws degree cum laude from the Harvard Law School in 1904, and in the same year engaged in practice in his native city. He was a member of Cincinnati,s leading law firms until 1918. He 390 - HISTORY OF OHIO served on the City Board of Education in 1908-09, was assistant prosecuting attorney of Hamilton County from 1916 to 1918, and judge of the Superior Court of Cincinnati from 1918 to 1923. In 1918 he was a private in the United States field artillery at Camp Taylor. By appointment of President Harding, he went on the United States District court bench, April 3, 1923. Judge Hickenlooper was a member of the Board of Directors of the University of Cincinnati from 1910 to 1916. He married Anna Bailey Wright of Cincinnati, October 18, 1910. ALBERT E. LOYER, M. D., is established in the practice of his profession at New Washington, Crawford County, and the scope and representative character of his business indicate alike his professional ability and his personal popularity in his native county. The Doctor was born in the Village of Oceola, Todd Township, this county, December 1, 1872, and in this county were likewise born his parents, John and Magdalena (Barth) Loyer, who were on respective home farms and received the advantages of the local schools. After his marriage, John Loyer established his residence at Oceola, where he built up a prosperous tanning industry, in which he there continued until his death in 1874, only three weeks having intervened between his death and that of his wife, and their son Albert E., of this review, having been less than two years of age when he was thus orphaned, he being the only child. The parents were earnest communicants of the Lutheran Church. Doctor Loyer was an infant orphan when he was taken into the home of his uncle and aunt, Mr. and Mrs. Gottlieb Kibler, and they gave him the advantages of the district schools and finally of the high school at New Washington, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1891. Thereafter he was for one year a student in Capital University in the City of Columbus and for an equal period in the medical department of Ohio Medical University at Columbus, from which he transferred to the Medical College of Ohio, Cincinnati, in which he was graduated in 1895 and from which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine. His first year of professional service was passed at Sulphur Springs, Crawford County, and since 1896 he has been established in successful general practice at New Washington. He is a past president of the Crawford County Medical Society, of which he is an appreciative and valued member, and he is identified also with the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medicial Association. He is a stockholder in the Farmers State Bank and other business concerns at New Washington, is independent in politics, is a member of the New Washington Country Club, and he and his family are communicants of the Lutheran Church. The Doctor has served for the past twenty years as surgeon for the Akron, Canton & Youngstown Railroad. On the 29th of October, 1896, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Loyer and Miss Catherine M. Aschbacher, who was graduated from the New Washington High School as a member of the same class as was her husband, she having thereafter been a teacher in the primary department of the New Washington schools for a period of six years. Doctor and Mrs. Loyer have four children: Freda A. was graduated from high school in 1916, and thereafter was graduated from the Dana Musical Institute, at Warren, Ohio, besides which she completed at Cornell University a course in public-school music, she being now supervisor of music in the public schools of Swarton, Ohio; Beatrice M. was graduated from the high school of New Washington as a member of the class of 1922, and has since attended Ohio University at Athens; Geraldine A. graduated from Sworton High School, and is now attending Miami University at Oxford, Ohio; and Phineas Judson, the only son, is attending the public schools of New Washington. JAMES H. DONALDSON, manager of the New Washington Lumber & Manufacturing Company, one of the important industrial concerns at New Washington, Crawford County, was born in the City of Anderson, Indiana, May 3, 1872, he having been born a short time after the death of his father and having been taken into the home of H. A. Donaldson, where he was reared to adult age in Richland County, Ohio. His early educational advantages were those of the district school near the Donaldson farm. He was but eighteen months old when he was brought to Richland County, and after receiving the discipline of the district schools he continued his studies until he proved himself eligible for service as a teacher. He continued a teacher in the schools of Richland County five years, and in 1897 he there took a position in the office of a leading lumber concern in the City of Mansfield. There he remained until 1909, when he came to New Washington and assumed his present position, that of manager of the New Washington Lumber & Manufacturing Company, the other officers of the company being as here designated : S. J. Kibler, president and J. W. Deer, vice president. Mr. Donaldson is also the secretary of the Reynolds Aluminum Company at New Washington, is a stockholder in the Farmers State Bank and is financially interested in other local business enterprises. Mr. Donaldson is found aligned in the ranks of the republican party. He is a past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias, his wife being affiliated with the Pythian Sisters, and in the Masonic fraternity he still maintains his affiliation with the York Rite bodies, Blue Lodge, Chapter, Council and Commandery, in the City of Mansfield. He and his family hold membership in the Christian Church. At Mansfield was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Donaldson and Miss Lillian D. Reynolds, and they have four children: Frances, a graduate of the high school in the City of Cleveland, is now private secretary in the office of the J. L. Free Land Company of that city; Robert J. was graduated from Miami University with the degree of Bachelor of Arts and in June, 1924, graduated from Northwestern University, Chicago, with the degree of Master Bachelor of Arts; Marietta was a member of the class of 1923 in Miami University, and was married to Raymond Brown, former student of Miami University, June 28, 1923, and Ruth is a Junior in the high school at New Washington. ALFRED G. KIBLER. is a scion of the third generation of the Kibler family in Crawford County, and has distinct prestige as one of the representative business men of his native village of New Washington, where he is president of the Farmers State Bank. He was born in this village on the 1st of August, 1877, a son of Samuel J. and a grandson of Matthias Kibler, the former of whom likewise was born at New Washington, March 9, 1853, and the latter, the founder of the family in Crawford County, was a native of Wurttemberg, Germany. Matthias Kibler was reared and educated in his native land and was a young man when he came to the United States and established his residence in Crawford County, Ohio. He established a pioneer tannery near New Washington, to which village he later moved his tannery, and here he continued to maintain his home until his death, at an advanced age. A portion of the tract of land here owned by him is now included in the corporate boundaries of New Washington. He here accumulated a large landed estate, and he platted and virtually founded the village of New Washington, he HISTORY OF OHIO - 391 having been the first president of its municipal Board of Trustees after its incorporation. Samuel J. Kibler was reared and educated in Crawford County, early became associated with his father ,s business activities, and has long been one of the honored and influential citizens and business men of New Washington, and he has been prominently identified with normal lines of development enterprise and civic progress in his native county, where his interests are of extensive and important order. He is president of the S. J. Kibler & Brother Company, a stockholder in the Kibler Realty & Farming Company, and is the owner of much valuable real estate in Crawford County. His political proclivities are indicated in his loyal advocacy of the principles of the republican party, and he is a communicant of the Lutheran Church, as is also his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Heir and who was born at Galion, this state, on the 8th of May, 1854. In the public schools of New Washington Alfred G. Kibler continued his studies until his graduation from the high school, as a member of the class of 1895, and later he was graduated from the Tri-State Normal School in the City of Toledo. He became a traveling salesman for the S. J. Kibler & Brother Company, of New Washington, a concern engaged in the hide and tallow business, and in this capacity he still continues his effective service. The company was incorporated in 1901, and its official corps is as here noted: Samuel J. Kibler, president; Alfred G. Kibler, vice president; M. M. Kibler, secretary; and L. M. Kibler, treasurer. In 1913 the principals in this company organized also the Kibler Realty & Farming Company, and of the same Alfred G. Kibler is the president, J. W. Kibler being the vice president; M. M. Kibler, secretary; and L. M. Kibler, treasurer. This company owns large tracts of land in this section of Ohio and controls a substantial general real estate business. In 1918 the Kiblers gave further evidence of their liberality and progressiveness by organizing the Ohio Hide & Tallow Company, the main offices of this corporation being maintained at Marion, this state, with branch offices and headquarters at Lima. In addition to his association with the important corporations above noted Mr. Kibler is president of the Farmers State Bank of New Washington. He is a stalwart in the local camp of the republican party, and served as a member of the Board of Education of his native town of New Washington. Both he and his wife are active members of the Lutheran Church. Alfred G. Kibler married Miss Mildred Dormenworth, who likewise was born and reared in Crawford County, a daughter of the late John Dormenworth, and she was graduated from the New Washington High School as a member of the class of 1895. Mr. and Mrs. Kibler have two children: Beatrice E., a graduate of the New Washington High School; and E. Winifred, a student in the New Washington High School. ELMER S. BEEGLE is the senior partner in the firm of Beegle Brothers, proprietors of a produce business that has been growing and flourishing in Meigs County for a period of thirty-five years, having been established by their father, Joseph Beegle, now living retired at Racine at the age of seventy-six. Joseph Beegle is remarkably well preserved physically and mentally for a man of his years and experience. He is a son of Boswell Beegle, who came from Georgetown, Pennsylvania, when twenty-two years of age, settling in Meigs County, Ohio. He and his wife were married for sixty-one years, and during all that time he was not away from home to exceed three days all told. Boswell Beegle reached the venerable age of ninety-six and his wife, eighty-nine. He was a hunter and attributed his long and vigorous life to his outdoor activities and his eating of wild meats, such as venison. Joseph Beegle was for sixteen years a cooper in Mason City, West Virginia, just across the Ohio River from the present home of the family in Meigs County. He was an industrious and skillful worker, saved his money, and made payments on a little farm east of Racine, Ohio, two miles. With the aid of his sons the timber was cut and made into cross ties and the place paid for. Joseph Beegle married Emily Beaver, who died in 1907, and subsequently he married Mary Gilkey. Elmer S. Beegle was born April 15, 1871, while his parents lived across the Ohio River in Mason City, West Virginia. He attended school only to finish the first reader, and that was the limit of his schooling though not of his education, since in all the years he has profited by his experience and has kept in touch with the world of knowledge by reading, study and thinking. For a time he was a deck hand on steamboats between Pittsburgh and Cincinnati, working on the Scotia, Andez and C. W. Bachelor. Out of this employment he accumulated a modest capital of $65. His father had also got together a little money, and together they opened a Farmers Cash Grocery back of Racine. It had been a custom with merchants to trade merchandise for chickens, eggs and other farm produce. The Beegle firm started the custom of paying cash. The other local merchants fought them, but the Beegle firm proved the wisdom of its course by prospering, and they made friends not only among the local farmers, but also established favorable trade and marketing connections in Pittsburgh. The first store room was 12x20 feet, and this room is still owned by Elmer Beegle, and it was used for commercial purposes until 1919. The firm has conducted a store in Racine for fifteen years. The store at Carr ,s Run has been in existence twenty-five years, while the Pomeroy store was built and opened for business in 1914, and Pomeroy is now the general headquarters of the firm. Elmer Beegle is a director of the Shippers Packet Company, which owns an all steel wharf in Pittsburgh, and the steamer Senator Cordell which operates between Pittsburgh and Cincinnati. For a number of years the firm operated peddling wagons in Meigs and adjoining counties. In the earlier years of the business Elmer Beegle not only clerked in the store, but drove an old yellow horse hitched to an old express wagon on his egg and chicken buying expeditions. Elmer Beegle and his father were associated as partners for twenty-five years. When the father retired his interest in the business was bought by his son Arthur, thus constituting the present firm of Beegle Brothers. Elmer Beegle is also a director of the Racine National Bank, a director of the Talbott Wholesale Grocery Company of Middleport and of the Valley Standard Credit Company. Joseph Beegle has been a lifelong democrat while his sons are republicans. Elmer Beegle married Sarah E. Richardson. They were participants in a double wedding, Elmer Beegle,s sister having been married at the same time to Ira B. Foster. Mr. and Mrs. Beegle have one daughter, Mamie, now the wife of H. J. Simpson, of Pomeroy, wharf master there. The family are Methodists, and Mr. Beegle is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. MELVIN H. DOOLITTLE. With the practical work of a miner and the commercial operation of coal mining Melvin H. Doolittle has been identified since boyhood. He is the outstanding figure in the mining community of Carbondale County, where he is general superintendent of the Carbondale Coal Company,s mines. 392 - HISTORY OF OHIO He was born at Grafton, West Virginia, July 22, 1866, son of Willett A. Doolittle and grandson of Moses Doolittle. His family is of Pennsylvania Dutch and Irish ancestry. The Doolittles were abolitionists before the Civil war. Willett A. Doolittle, who was born April 13, 1840, served as a soldier in the Union Army, being a member of the First West Virginia Light Artillery. He was in action in the Shenandoah Valley and in the Lynchburg raid. He early took up coal mining, and in 1867 came from Clifton, Mason County, West Virginia, to Ohio, and went to work in the mines. His family followed him to Ohio in 1881. For forty-three years he was a miner at Carbondale in Athens County, this community then being known as Pigeon Roost. He married Nancy J. Leonard in West Virginia, and they now live on Doolittle Hill, overlooking the Village of Carbondale. He is a republican, a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and has been a moral, upright citizen, always ready to help those in trouble. Willett A. Doolittle and wife had four sons and two daughters: M. H.; E. T., machine operator in the Carbondale mines; Rutherford, a mine superintendent; Rosie, wife of W. H. Partlow, of Athens; Sadie, wife of William Milar, of St. Cloud, Florida ; and there was also a son, R. H., who was accidentally killed in 1922 while clerk in the mine company,s store. Melvin H. Doolittle received his education at Clifton, West Virginia, and was a small boy when he was employed in the store of the Consolidated Coal Company at Camden, West Virginia. In this way he received good business training. He was fifteen years old when the family came to Carbondale, Ohio, in 1881, and he worked in the mines with his father until 1889. In that year he became weighmaster at the mines, and then for some years was traveling representative of the company selling coal in Northwest Ohio, Indiana and Michigan. When he returned to Carbondale he acted as store manager, and in 1897 became general manager of the mines. The Carbondale Coal Company is the property of Col. R. Enderlin, of Chillicothe, Ohio. However, Mr. Doolittle for many years has been the responsible leader in the community. On the 1,300 acres of land surrounding the mines the company is now planting 10,000 seedling trees annually, and this program of reforestation has been under way for fifteen years. Mr. Doolittle is a member of the Ohio Society of Forestry, , and also belongs to the National Geographic Society. It has been the policy of the company to admit no foreign born or negro miners to the camp, and partly as a result of this and also of the personal administration of Mr. Doolittle strikes have been unknown. Another policy in force is that all the executive officers connected with the mine came from the ranks. Among them are George Carlin, assistant superintendent; Floyd Moshier, store manager; Hugh James and Ralph Williams, clerks. Mr. Doolittle was largely responsible for the erection of the two monuments that stand in Carbondale, one erected in memory of the soldiers of the Union army who had been employed in the mines here and the other in honor of Captain Crossen and James Gabriel. Captain Crossen was a physician in Carbondale, and James Gabriel was a miner. They both fell on the battle lines in France. Mr. Doolittle is a republican in politics, and is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge at New Marshfield. In 1887 he married Miss Frances M. Taylor, daughter of William and Mary C. (Baker) Taylor. Her father was a Union soldier in the One Hundred Eighteenth Ohio Infantry and died in 1913. Mrs. Doolittle is a native of Ohio. Three children were born to their marriage. The daughter Grace is the wife of Jesse D. Smith, an electrician at Nelsonville. Leola is the wife of Wiley Frisby, of Carbondale. The only son, Leroy M., now assistant to his father in superintending the mines at Carbondale, served as a guard at Columbus during the World war. ELIAS WETHERHOLT, a native of Gallia County, has for many years been identified with the undertaking business, and is head of a thoroughly modern and high class undertaking establishment at Gallipolis. He is one of the active men in that community, and is a member of an old American family of German and English descent. He was born in Springfield Township of Gallia County, September 4, 1873, son of Elias and Caroline (Clark) Wetherholt, and grandson of William and Hettie (Pringle) Wetherholt. William Wetherholt was a native of West Virginia, and his father had come from Germany about 1792. Elias Wetherholt, Sr., was also a native of West Virginia, and before the Civil war lived at Buchanan, that state. He was an abolitionist and strong in his sentiments for the Union, and his refusal to guard negroes aroused such an attitude of hostility toward him that he left his native state and came to Ohio, where he rendered some service to the government in the quartermaster ,s department. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His trade was that of cabinet maker, and in that capacity he was called upon to make coffins and perform many of the services of a local undertaker. He died March 12, 1896. His wife, Caroline Clark, who died June 23, 1900, was a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Shepard) Clark, all of them of English ancestry or birth, and both her father and mother were natives of London, England. Elias Wetherholt, Sr., had eight children: George J., who had one child, Donna, by his first wife, Hattie Piper, deceased, and by his marriage to Blanch Derry had five children, named Bessie Blanch, Mary Curtis, George Derry, John Paul and Frank E., Fannie Elizabeth Wetherholt, the second of the family, married Andrew DeLittle, their six children being Joseph E., William Clarence, John, Benjamin Harrison, Hettie and Andrew. Hettie Katherine Wetherholt is the wife of Daniel Blake, their two children being Stella and Ralph. Mary Agnes married David T. Davis and had five children: Margaret, Carrie, Charles, Ethel and Everett. Carrie Wetherholt became the wife of Dr. N. B. Sisson, their three children being Grace, Stephen Banks and Elias W. William Clarence married Mary Hiltburner and was the father of Clark and Anna. Edith Stella Delarna married Lewis S. Summers, and they have one son, Boyd W., and Elias Wetherholt, Jr., is the youngest in the family, Elias Wetherholt, Jr., attended the public schools in the Village of Porter and Ewington Academy, and soon after leaving school went to work for his brother in the undertaking business. He finished his apprenticeship and had a long period of service with that establishment, and he also took the full course in embalming at the Taylor School of New York City, where he was graduated in May, 1897. Mr. Wetherholt in 1917 engaged in business for himself, associated with a partner, Fred J. Entsminger, at Gallipolis. During the World war he was a member of the fourth class and was not called to active duty. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, Junior Order United American Mechanics, and is a trustee of the Grace Methodist Episcopal Church and for many years was a teacher in its Sunday School. He married, January 1, 1899, in Springfield Township of Gallia County, Miss Servella David Watts, daughter of William W. and Mary (James) Watts. Her father was a farmer, and for many years justice of the peace and a leading man in Springfield Township. During the Civil war he served in the First Ohio Regiment of Heavy Artillery. He belonged to HISTORY OF OHIO - 393 the Grand Army, the Methodist Church and passed away honored and respected October 13, 1922. In the Watts family were six children : Ella, who married E. D. Ebright, and they have three children, Forest, Dale and May ; Margaret, who married George L. Brown, and their three children are Florence, Gorretta and Homer ; Andrew, who married Luna Cramer, and has a son, George Watts; Anna, wife of James A. Mossman and mother of three children, Raymond, Paul and Leo ; Mrs. Wetherholt; and Mae, who married Harley C. Fulton and had three children, Mary Katherine, Donald and Robbin. Mr. and Mrs. Wetherholt had three children born to their marriage, the youngest and only daughter, Ruth Caroline, dying July 20, 1910. The older son, Harold Watts, took the full course in journalism and graduated from Ohio State University at Columbus with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1921. He is now editor and proprietor of the Gallipolis Daily Tribune. During the World war he was a member of the Student Army Training Corps. He married Coell Jividen, of Racine, Meigs County, his wife being a graduate in the class of 1924, in the domestic science course in Ohio State University. The second son of Mr. Wetherholt is Dwight Clinton, who is a member of the class of 1927 in Ohio State University, taking a course in commerce and journalism. During a period of five years, Mr. Wetherholt was clerk of the city council of Gallipolis, Ohio. LUTHER B. PORTER, cashier of the Bank of Vinton in Gallia County, is a native son of that locality, belongs to one of the old and respected families of Southern Ohio, and his career has been one of creditable connection with business and local affairs. He was born at Vinton, in June, 1876, son of Rufus P. and Mary A. (Butler) Porter, grandson of Solomon Porter, and great-grandson of Rufus Putnam Porter, who represented some of the sturdy New England stock. The Porters came to Ohio about 1803, and settled in Marietta in 1827. Rufus P. Porter, father of the Vinton banker, was a farmer and stockman, later a merchant, and died in 1883. He was active in public affairs, serving as a county commissioner for a number of years. He belonged to the Freewill Baptist Church, and was a member of the Masons and Foresters. His widow survived him nearly forty years, passing away in 1922. Their four children were: Carrie P., who married E. V. Wilson and had two children, Norma and Wade ; William P., who married Emma Hamilton, of Columbus; Luther B.; and Kate P., the widow of Dr. A. T. Clark. Luther B. Porter acquired a grammar and high school education at Vinton, and as a young man entered railroad service. He was operator and station agent at Vinton for a period of eleven years. In 1913 he entered the Bank of Vinton as cashier, and is now also a director. As a banker he had charge of all the financial campaigns for the support of the government in the late war. He married in June, 1916, Miss Edna Weisenberger, daughter of Herman and Frances (Dillon) Weisenberger. Her mother is still living. Her parents had four children: Sophia, who married Arthur Sharp and had two children, Dorothy and Frank; Gertrude, who married D. N. Gorsuch and had two children, Francis and Mary ; Fred, unmarried ; and Mrs. Porter. Mr. Porter, while he has not allied himself with any social organizations, gives his support to churches and all other causes that tend to build up and make a better community. WILLIAM COLBY FELTMAN, D. D. S., who has practiced his profession at Vinton in Gallia County for over twenty years, was born and reared in that community, and has made his career one of more than ordinary professional and financial success. He was born at Vinton, December 12, 1875. His father, John H. Feltman, was the son of German born parents. John H. Feltman’s mother died when he was a child, and subsequently not getting along well with his stepmother, though too young to enlist at the beginning of the Civil war, he went along with the soldiers, and was a mascot at camp. They were going to make him a drummer boy, but he fell ill and, going to the hospital, suffered a severe attack of rheumatism, from which he never entirely recovered. After leaving the hospital he attended Rio Grand College and a school at Albany, was a teacher, and in 1875 started a general mercantile store at Vinton. He successfully conducted that business until his death in 1920, and the store is still continued by his two surviving children. He was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Foresters and was a Freewill Baptist. John H. Feltman married Mary Ha rriger, who died February 17, 1914. Her parents were George F. and Levinia (Wentsel) Harriger, both of Pennsylvania Dutch stock. George F. Harriger was a missionary of the Baptist Church. Of the four children born to John H. Feltman and wife Dr. William C. is the oldest. His sister, Lena Beryl, is the wife of S. N. Reese and has two children, John Newton and Mary. The other two children were Edna Marr, who died at the age of eleven, and John Ongar, who died in infancy. William Colby Feltman attended public schools in Vinton, Rio Grande College, and took up the study of dental surgery at the Ohio Medical College at Columbus. He was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery April 16, 1901, and has steadily practiced his profession at Vinton since that time. He also gives some of his time to the business established by his father, and has a number of other investments in local enterprises. He is active in the republican party, and during the World war was a member of the Local Registration Board. Like other members of the family he is a Freewill Baptist. Doctor Feltman is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and a member of the Knights of Pythias and Modern Woodman of America. He married at Columbus, December 1, 1903, Miss Nellie May Butler, of Vinton, daughter of William F. and Anna (Kerr) Butler. Her father died July 23, 1920, and her mother, March 23, 1921. William F. Butler was for many years a stock dealer and trader, twenty years township treasurer, a veteran member of the Masonic Order, and also an Odd Fellow and Freewill Baptist. Mrs. Feltman has a sister, Maggie, who is the wife of Dr. E. A. Hamilton, and a brother, Howard K., who married Vennie Mathews, and has a son, John William. SAMUEL EDGAR BUTT, M. D., has been a busy physician and surgeon in the Nelsonville community of Athens County for over forty years, and for the past ten or fifteen years his active partner and associate has been his son, Dr. Charles C. Butt. Both are accomplished men in their profession. Dr. Samuel E. Butt was born in what is now the central district of Nelsonville, in April, 1857, son of Peter M. and Irene (Butt) Butt. His parents were second cousins and were born in New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas County, Ohio. The father of P. M. Butt was Samuel Butt, Sr., who died in New Philadelphia. His widow moved to Nelsonville, Athens County, about 1850. P. M. Butt had two brothers, Samuel and George. His brother Samuel was mayor of Nelsonville, and became a volunteer in the Thirty-first Ohio Infantry during the Civil war. George was a soldier in the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and was killed in the Battle of Chickamauga. P. M. Butt was born 394 - HISTORY OF OHIO in 1836 and died in 1904, at the age of sixty-eight. Irene, his wife, died in October, 1859, aged twenty-two. In his younger years P. M. Butt helped in the development of the Poston mines, but rheumatism compelled him to give up mining, and he spent the rest of his life in the mercantile business. He was intensely interested in republican politics, and was a strenuous worker for the Grosvenor faction of the party. After the death of his first wife he married Maria Lytle, of Logan, Hocking County, Ohio. She died in 1914, when about seventy-five years of age. She was the mother of four sons, and the two now living are Eugene and George. Dr. S. E. Butt graduated from the Nelsonville High School, and early showed an unusual disposition for scholarship. In addition to his profession he has mastered a wide range of subjects and has fluent ability as a speaker and has written much excellent verse. He began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. W. E. Sheppard, and in 1880 graduated from the Ohio Medical College of Cincinnati. Since then he has been in practice at Nelsonville, and has kept in close touch with the advancing progress of medicine and surgery. In 1914 he took post-graduate work in the post-graduate medical college in New York. He has written a number of papers published in medical journals. He became a member of the. Athens County Medical Society when it was organized, and has served as its president. He is also a member of the Ohio State and American Medical associations. During his boyhood days Nelsonville was a mining camp, and the population was largely made up of English, Welsh, Irish and Scotch miners. S. E. Butt has for many years been affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. In October, 1880, he married Miss Addie R. Kontner, daughter of Solomon Kontner. She was born near Mineral in Athens County. Two sons were born to the marriage of Dr. S. E. Butt. One of them, Solomon Edgar, died at the age of twenty-one, while preparing for a journalistic career under the famous editor Murat Halstead of Cincinnati. Mrs. Butt passed away January 26, 1924. Charles C. Butt, the younger associate in medicine with Dr. Samuel E. Butt, was born January 31, 1886. He attended the Nelsonville schools for twelve years, and in 1909 graduated from his father ,s Alma Mater, the Cincinnati Medical College. Since then he has assisted his father in handling the heavy practice of the firm. Before engaging in private practice he had special training in the Charleston General Hospital. In 1912 he was made health officer of York Township, and in 1916 became health commissioner of Nelsonville. When America entered the World war he promptly volunteered and was placed in the Medical Reserve Corps, but was not called to active duty. He is a past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, a member of the Uniformed Rank, and also of the Dramatic Order Knights of Khorassan branch of that order. December 12, 1909, Dr. C. C. Butt married Miss Bertha V. Cummins, who was born at Nelsonville, daughter of Paul and Frances Cummins. Her father was a volunteer soldier in the Civil war, in the Thirty-first Ohio Regiment, and for many years was identified with mining. He is now a resident of Nelsonville. Dr. C. C. Butt and wife have two children: Addie Frances, born February 6, 1912, and Charles C., Jr., born October 3, 1916. JOHN B. DOWNING. Probably no one name represents a broader interest and richer contents of personal history in Meigs County than that of Downing. It has been owned by father and son, the present John B. Downing being a prominent business man of Middleport. His father was better known as Maj. John B. Downing. One of the most conspicuous of the old time citizenship of Southern Ohio, he was trained as a river pilot, and as such his name is imperishably of record in Mark Twain’s noted work "Life on the Mississippi." Maj. John B. Downing was for twenty-seven years a pilot and boat owner on the Mississippi, operating boats between St. Louis and New Orleans. He was given the name Alligator Jack Downing by Mark Twain, and was one of the experienced river pilot whom Mark Twain credits with his own instruction in the intricacies of piloting boats up and down the Mississippi. Mark Twain himself became one of the master pilots of his time. As Alligator Jack Downing, Major Downing is referred to in Mark Twain,s book above mentioned. At the time of the Civil war Major Downing was regarded as the outstanding pilot on the river, and on account of his skill he was given the hazardous task of piloting the fleet cooperating with General Grant past the Vicksburg fortress, thus breaking the blockade of the river. He was on the first boat and in the heavy shell fire from the forts along the river and was wounded in the leg. Maj. John B. Downing was born at Rutland, Meigs County, Ohio, February 13, 1834, and died March 4, 1914, when in his eightieth year. His parents were Rodney and Maria (Black) Downing, who came from Maine to Meigs County. Rodney Downing was for many years clerk of courts of Meigs County. He was devout in the performance of his religious duties, an active member of the Christian Church, and whenever the minister failed to come he took his place in the pulpit and preached a splendid sermon. Rodney Downing lived to be eighty-four years of age. His wife, Maria, died when quite young. Rodney Downing, it is said, never smoked, never drank liquor or used profanity. Maj. John B. Downing finished his education in Marietta College. At various times he owned a number of boats, but his favorite was the Fannie Bullett. In 1868 he established a fire insurance agency at Middle-port, a business that is still conducted by his son John B. Major Downing was a man of many gifts and talents. He was a violinist, and his collection of violins included two genuine Stradavarius. His wife was also a musician. He once played the violin for Ole Bull, who pronounced him the best non-professional he had ever heard. Major Downing was partial to the old tunes, including Swanee River. He was also a wonderful marksman, and it is said that he could release a bird from each hand and at the same time pick up his gun and kill both. Both in early life and in later years he was handsome in figure and address, and in old age his hair was perfectly white. Always he was very precise and elegant in dress, and his appearance well fitted him for the title he long enjoyed as Middleport,s grand old man. He was everyone,s friend, regardless of color or station in life. One of his enthusiasms was hunting. He would spend the first part of every winter hunting in West Virginia, and then for a month or so would go down to the cane brakes of Mississippi. Frequently his son John B. was his companion on these excursions. Major Downing was a Knight Templar Mason, as had been his father, and was a republican. His wife was a member of the Episcopal Church, and while he gave liberally to all denominations he remained true to the church of his father, the Christian. His wife was Romaine Miller, daughter of William C. Miller, of Gallipolis, Ohio. She survived her husband just three years. They had two sons: Miller R. and John B., Jr. Miller R., who died December 24, 1922, at the age of about fifty, was a traveling salesman for many years, living in Cincinnati, Toledo and Columbus, and in younger life was in the insurance office of his father. HISTORY OF OHIO - 395 He was interested in the building of the Neal Hotel at Columbus. John B. Downing, Jr., was born February 5, 1875, and had a common school education in his home town. When he was thirteen years of age he went to work in his father’s insurance office, and has continued active in the insurance business ever since. However, the scope of his business enterprises has covered a wide field. He assisted in the development of the Noble Summit coal mines in Rutland Township, mines now operated by the Riley Brothers of Nelsonville. The Downing Coal Company, of which he is president, for many years was a producing company, but is now in the brokerage business, handling Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky coal. Mr. Downing has also been active in the development of oil and gas wells and salt mines, being president of the Pomeroy Salt Association. While drilling for oil in Cheshire Township of Gallia County in 1903 he struck gas, and immediately secured franchises in Gallipolis, Middleport and other towns. In order to comply with the terms of the franchise he had to dynamite the streets of Middleport, and he got the supply line laid in time. Alfred Carr was his partner in this enterprise. He also organized the Cheshire Oil and Gas Company. Mr. Downing piped Ohio gas into Point Pleasant, West Virginia. He organized and is vice president of the Citizens National Bank of Middleport, and is president and owner of the water companies of Pomeroy and Middleport. As representative of the Building and Loan Company of Bellaire, Ohio, he loaned $7,000,000 on real estate without a single loss. He is also associated with the Middleport Brick Company. For twenty-two years he was a member of the Middle-port City Council, and financed the paving of the town. He was the youngest man on the council when first elected. During Governor Willis, administration he was a member of the republican state executive committee, and has been a delegate to many conventions of his party. He and his wife are Presbyterians, and he is a past chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias and a member of the social order of Dramatic Order Knights of Khorassan, and has been a member of the board of trustees of the Knights of Pythias Lodge. He is also affiliated with the Elks. Mr. Downing has probably advised more people than all the lawyers combined in Meigs County, and has especially interested himself in the preparation of papers for old soldiers and veterans of the World war, doing all this without compensation. In 1894 he married Miss Grace MacDonald, daughter of Donald MacDonald, of Middleport. They have two children. The daughter, Marie Romaine, was educated in Cincinnati University and Sweet-Briar College in West Virginia, and is now the wife of Dr. C. R. Singleton of Charleston, West Virginia. The son, Rodney Downing, is a graduate of Cincinnati University, and at the time of the World war was in the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Field Artillery with the Thirty-seventh Division. He is a Scottish Rite Mason in the Consistory at Columbus, and also a Shriner. LLOYD L. ARNOLD belongs to a family of expert mechanics, and is the active executive of a prosperous flour milling business at Vinton in Gallia County, known as the Arnold Milling Company. Mr. Arnold was born at Akron, New York, December 10, 1884. However, the Arnolds on coming from England settled in Connecticut in pioneer days, subsequently going to New York, and finally to Ohio. The grandfather of the Vinton miller was the brother of James Arnold, who had duties as a land agent in charge of an Ohio Western Reserve, his name appearing on many of the original documents and titles of land in that section of the state. Emmet B. Arnold, father of Lloyd L., spent many years as a miller in New York State, later in Michigan, and since 1920 has been associated with his son at Vinton. He married Adah E. Jack, who died in 1918. Her parents were Samuel and Elizabeth Jack. The two children are Lloyd L. and S. M. Arnold, who comprise the firm of the Arnold Milling Company, though S. M. Arnold is not active, his home being in Detroit, Michigan. Lloyd L. Arnold attended public schools at Akron, New York, leaving high school at the age of sixteen to go to work in the mill and learn the business under his father. Subsequently he spent five years with the Gephard Milling Company at Dayton, Ohio. He learned the tool makers, trade, and during the World war period, from 1917 to 1920, was in the service of the government as a tool maker at Dayton. Mr. Arnold in January, 1920, came to Vinton and purchased the local mill, and has given its product a high reputation for quality and excellence. He married at Dayton, Ohio, in April, 1914, Miss Edna Protzman, daughter of R. L. Protzman, an expert millwright. She was the second in a family of four children, the other three being Grace, Henry and John. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold have one daughter, Adah Jane. HENRY GEORGE GIBSON, M. D. Reared in Perry County, spending some of his youthful years in the mines, Dr. Henry George Gibson since graduating in medicine has practiced with singular devotion and energy, and much of his work has been done in the mining region of Athens County. Since October, 1919, his home has been at Glouster. He was born at Oskaloosa, Iowa, February 4, 1867, son of Joseph and Harriett (Davis) Gibson. His parents were born and married in Wales, and in 1852 came to the United States. His father was a coal miner, worked in the mines of Ohio, later in Illinois and Iowa, and in 1869 returned to Ohio and settled near New Straitsville in Perry County. He continued the mining of coal for sixty-five years, and never had a serious injury. He died in 1905, at the advanced age of eighty, and his wife passed away at eighty-one. They were devout members of the Congregational Church. Doctor Gibson was the youngest of ten children and is the only survivor. He attended school at New Straitsville, and when a boy of twelve went down into the mines, doing the work of a boy assistant. After leaving the mines he worked in a drug store, and that was his first preparation toward a medical career. When he was twenty-four years of age, and a young married man, he lost his left leg above the knee. At that time he had been studying medicine for a year. Later he returned to medical college, and was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1898. He then located in the New Straitsville community, and did a large practice there until moving to Glouster. He loves his profession for its opportunity for service as well as for the other satisfactions derived therefrom. Doctor Gibson has covered a large amount of territory in his practice. He makes use of all the facilities for reaching his patients under all conditions of weather and roads. He has a saddle horse, also a buggy and team and drives his own car. He is a member of the Athens County Medical Society and the Ohio State and American Medical associations. In 1887 Doctor Gibson married Miss Anna Lawson, daughter of Thomas Lawson. They have two daughters. Isabel is the wife of Billie Morris, a traveling salesman. Harriett Y. is the wife of Murrell Weymueller, of New Straitsville. 396 - HISTORY OF OHIO BYRON BING, M. D. For twenty years, with the exception of a brief service in the Medical Corps during the World war, Dr. Byron Bing has practiced medicine at Pomeroy, and has won a high place in the intelligent and progressive citizenship of that locality. Doctor Bing was born at Cheshire, Gallia County, Ohio, January 6, 1876, son of Alpheus and Helen (Titus) Bing. His grandfather, John Bing, came from Augusta County in the Valley of Virginia to Ohio about 1800, his two brothers, Samuel and George, accompanying him. John Bing became a properous farmer in Gallia County. He was twice married, and had seven children by each wife. Alpheus Bing was born and spent all his life on the same farm in Gallia County where his son, Doctor Byron, was born. Alpheus Bing after reaching his majority bought the interest of the other heirs in that property, and throughout his life remained owner of the old homestead. He died in November, 1896. He was a properous farmer, and always a democrat in politics. At the time of the Civil war he joined the Squirrel Rifle Brigade to protect Ohio against Morgan's raids. Helen Titus, who became the wife of Alpheus Bing, was born in Gallia County August 3, 1838, and died June 3, 1924, at Akron Ohio. She taught school until her marriage, at the age of twenty-six. There are three sons: Leonard, an employe of the Boys Industrial School; Eugene, in the hardware business at Tawas, Michigan; and Byron. Dr. Byron Bing grew up on the home farm, attended country schools and finished his high school course at Cheshire. He subsequently entered Starling Medical College at Columbus, where he was graduated in 1902. He did his first practice at Patriot in Gallia County, and in 1904 located at Pomeroy. He was an early volunteer for service in the Medical Corps at the time of the World war, and on August 8, 1917, was commissioned as first lieutenant and ordered, on January 22nd, 1918, to the Medical Officers Training School at Fort Riley, Kansas. In the final physical examination he was discharged in March of the same year. After his return from the army he engaged in practice in partnership with Dr. A. E. Lawrence, who died September 17, 1923. Doctor Bing has kept up a deep interest in local affairs through all the years of his professional work. He has served on the city council one term of two years, and for a number of years has been secretary of the County Medical Society. He is a member of the Ohio Medical Association and the board of pension examiners for Meigs County, since 1913, he is a democrat, has passed the chairs in his lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a trustee of the Presbyterian Church. Doctor Bing married Miss Clara Morgan, daughter of David J. and Mary Morgan, of Gallia County. They have three children, David Morgan, Helen Frances and Mary Virginia. LE GRAND GRIDDLE, M. D. The service of a competent and faithful member of the medical profession Doctor Gribble has given to the community of Pomeroy for over a quarter of a century. His name and character are held in very high esteem over the greater part of Meigs County. He was born on a farm at Ripley, in Brown County, Ohio, March 29, 1875, son of William and Mary (Smith) Gribble, natives of Kentucky, in which they spent most of their lives. His father was a merchant near Frankfort, Kentucky, and died in the early childhood of Doctor Gribble. The Gribble family is of remote French ancestry, while the Smiths came from Virginia. Mrs. Mary Smith Gribble died in 1912. Le Grand Gribble spent his boyhood days at Newport, Kentucky, and in Cincinnati, attending graded school in the latter city, and also attended public school while living with his uncle, Dr. Frank Wall, at Urbana, Indiana. He earned his first money selling Doctor Talmadge ,s book of sermons in Hamilton County, Ohio. After that he followed various occupations, and for a time was shipping clerk in a wholesale house at Cincinnati and also worked in a dry goods store. This work enabled him to accumulate a small capital, with which he continued his education as best as he could, and having decided to study medicine, he entered the medical school of the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati, where he was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1896. Since then he has pursued post-graduate work to a total of about three years. Doctor Gribble did his first practice in Cincinnati, but, losing his health, lived outdoors for three years. At that time he was a man of rather frail health, but has since developed into a fine specimen of physical manhood. For twenty-seven years he has had his home and office at Pomeroy. He is a member of the County, State and American Medical associations, is a Knight Templar Mason and is very fond of outdoor sports, particularly hunting big game in Canada. He makes yearly excursions to the Canadian wilds. His wife has much skill in the handling of fire arms, and she shares in his enthusiasm for the outdoors. She is a Presbyterian, and Doctor Gribble ,s family are Methodists. Doctor Gribble married, in 1907, Miss Ursula Hauch, daughter of August Hauch, of Pomeroy. The Hauch family has lived in this section of Ohio for a great many years. MISS EMMA HALE has the distinction of being the youngest librarian in the State of Ohio. She is librarian of the free public library of Middletown, and her technical experience and natural talents make her wonderfully well qualified for her work. She was born at Winchester, Kentucky, but from childhood was reared at Hamilton, Ohio. She is a graduate of the Hamilton High School and of the Hamilton Business College, and soon afterward went to work in the Hamilton Public Library. Later she attended the New York Library School at Chautauqua, New York, leaving there she came to Middletown, Ohio, as assistant librarian. In 1921 she was appointed librarian. Miss Hale takes the greatest of interest in her work, both in library technique and in making a library as an institution and collection of books of the greatest possible service to the community. She is very much interested in the children,s work, and personally is fond of hiking and other outdoor exercise. The free public library at Middletown has been housed in its present handsome building since January 1, 1913. The library building was erected at a cost of $50,000. The moving spirit in securing the library building and equipment was Hon. W. H. Todhunter, municipal judge, and the first and only president of the library board of trustees. The library has 18,000 volumes, and a daily circulation of 400. The officers are H. W. Todhunter, president; Dr. G. D. Lummies, secretary; and Miss Emma Hale, librarian. KARL H. BARTH, M. D., has found in his native county an inviting field for the successful practice of his profession, has gained rank as one of the representative physicians and surgeons of the younger generation in Crawford County, and maintains his home and professional headquarters in the thriving little city of New Washington. Doctor Barth was born on a farm in Lykens Township, this county, June 8, 1891, and is a son of Jacob and Victoria (Brown) Barth, both likewise HISTORY OF OHIO - 397 natives of Crawford County, the father having been born in Chatfield Township, in January, 1852, and the mother in Lykens Township, June 29, 1857, dates that denote that the respective families have no minor claim to a measure of pioneer honors in this country. The parents of Doctor Barth still maintain their home in this county, where the father has given his active life to vigorous and successful farm enterprise. His political allegiance is awarded to the democratic party, and he is an elder in the Lutheran Church, in which his wife likewise is a devout communicant. Of the six children two died in infancy, and of the four now living Dr. Karl H., of this review, is the youngest; Rosa is the wife of Charles D. Claty, a farmer in Crawford County; Ada is the wife of Samuel B. Green, likewise one of the progressive exponents of farm industry in this county; and Henry, who was graduated from Capital University, Columbus, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, was thereafter graduated from the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Columbus, and he is now pastor of a Lutheran Church at Olean, Indiana. The early life of Doctor Barth was passed on the old home farm, and in the public schools he continued his studies until his graduation from the Chatfield High School in 1909. Thereafter he taught school and also advanced his own education by attending summer school at Ohio Northern University at Ada, where he took a preparatory course which he deemed an essential prerequisite to his professional course. In 1913 he matriculated in the medical department of Ohio State University, and in this institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1917. After thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he was further fortified by the practical experience which he gained in nine months of service as a physician at the Ohio State Hospital for Epileptics at Gallipolis. He was not destined to follow along the regular path of the ambitious young physician, for there came to him a higher duty and department of service when the nation became involved in the World war. In 1918 he enlisted in the Medical Reserve Corps of the United States Army, in which he won a commission as first lieutenant, and in active service he passed twelve months in France, with the Twenty-eighth United States Infantry, assigned to the First Division of the American Expeditionary Forces. Though the armistice brought the war to a close within a comparatively short time after his arrival on the stage of conflict, he found ample demand for his service in France until the summer of 1919. He arrived in one of the ports of his native land on the 1st of July of that year, and in due course received his honorable discharge from the service in which he had admirably acquitted himself. In the following September he established himself at New Washington, and here his personal popularity and professional ability are gaining to him a practice that is constantly expanding in scope and importance. The doctor is identified actively with the Crawford County Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, besides being affiliated with the medical fraternity of Ohio State University. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party, and he and his wife are communicants of the Evangelical Lutheran Church at New Washington. The Doctor is a stockholder in the Farmers State Bank in his home village, and also in the Perfection Electric Products Company. March 14, 1918, was marked by the marriage of Doctor Barth and Miss Lavina C. Brose, who likewise was born in Crawford County and who had been a successful teacher prior to her marriage. Doctor and Mrs. Barth have a winsome little daughter, Eileen, born June 23, 1920. GEORGE E. JOHNSON. Starting life on his own responsibility when a boy just entering his teens, and out of his early wages saving the capital that started him in business, George E. Johnson has long occupied a place among the successful business men of the Hocking Valley. His home is at Nelsonville. He owns a valuable farm near there, comprising 187 acres of bottom land and thirty acres on the hillside. The mine of the Woodland Coal Company is located on this land. Mr. Johnson has a number of mining interests, and is secretary and general manager of the Doanville Coal Company. He was born in Vinton County, Ohio, October 9, 1873, son of Eli B. and Margaret (Ullom) Johnson. His parents were natives of Vinton County, and are now respectively seventy-seven and sixty-nine years of age. A number of years ago they moved to Lawrence County, Illinois, and located on a farm there. Eli Johnson was a small boy when the Civil war broke out, and later he ran away from home to join the Union forces and was with his regiment at Appomattox Court House at the close of the war. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Methodist Church, and is a democrat in politics. His son George is the only republican in the family. One son, Alva B., is in the grocery business at Nelsonville, and Henry is general manager of the ice plant at Lawrenceville, Illinois, and former postmaster of that Illinois town. George E. Johnson has spent all his life in Southern Ohio. He attended a country school in Vinton County until he was twelve years of age, and then began his working career in a grocery store at Elko in his native county. He worked there two years, during another two years farmed, and then, coming to Nelsonville, became an employe of Howe Brothers and soon afterward went to work for C. L. Poston in the meat department of the Poston mercantile enterprise. Mr. Johnson after saving $300 out of his meager wages set himself up in business as a grocery merchant, and with his close attention to details and his integrity he was soon on the high road to prosperity. For twenty-two years he was in the grocery business in Nelsonville, his partner when he first started being William F. Bort. Mr. Johnson retired from merchandising in 1917, and has since given his time to his farm and mining interests. He is also a director of the Citizens Central Bank of Nelsonville. He has given some good service to the cause of education, serving seven years on the school board and one year as chairman of the board. He is a deacon in the Presbyterian Church and is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. On October 16, 1896, Mr. Johnson married Miss Celia Celestia Howe, a daughter of H. E. Howe, of Nelsonville. They have two accomplished children. Fred H., now with the Zeller Insurance Company, was a student in Ohio State University one year and three years in Ohio University at Athens. For a time during the war he was a member of the Students, Army Training Corps, and later was in training as a soldier at Camp Grant, being mustered out in January, 1919. He married Elizabeth Zeller in June, 1922, and their son, George E. Johnson, Jr., was born in February, 1924. The daughter, Margaret Elizabeth, has completed her professional education in kindergarten and music at Oberlin College, and teaches at Dayton, Ohio. CHARLES EDWARD KIMERLINE, M. D., has built up in his native county a substantial and representative general practice as a skilled and popular physician and surgeon, and he maintains his residence and professional headquarters in the thriving little city of New Washington, his birth having here occurred 398 - HISTORY OF OHIO July 4, 1871. The Doctor is a son of Lewis J. and Barbara (Fissell) Kimerline, the former of whom was born in Germany, May 15, 1846, and the latter was born in Crawford County, Ohio, in 1844, a member of one of the old and honored families of this county, where she still maintains her home. Lewis J. Kimerline was a lad of eight years when he accompanied his parents from Germany to the United States, and the family home was established on a farm near Wooster, Ohio. There he was reared to adult age and as a youth he learned the butcher’s trade. He was a young man when he established himself in business at New Washington, his financial resources having been most limited but his energy and ambition superabundant. He opened a modest meat market, eventually built up a prosperous enterprise and here continued in business fifty years. He achieved independence and a large measure of financial prosperity, was a man of sterling character and fine ideals, and commanded unqualified popular esteem in the community that long represented his home and in which his death occurred on the 24th of January, 1923. He was a democrat in politics, and was a communicant of the Lutheran Church, as is also his widow. Of the seven children one died in infancy, and of those surviving the honored father Dr. Charles Edward, of this sketch, is the eldest; Frederick is connected with the automobile business at New Washington; Maude F. is the wife of Slyvester Shea, of Toledo; and Ida L., Jennie and Clara remain with their mother in the attractive old family home at New Washington. In 1889 Dr. Charles Edward Kimerline graduated from the New Washington High School, and thereafter he put his attainments to practical use by giving effective service as a teacher. Eventually he was graduated from the Ohio Northern University, with the degree of Bachelor of Science and in preparation for the profession of his selection he entered the medical department of Western Reserve University in Cleveland. In this institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1896, and after thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he initiated the practice of his profession at Lykens, Crawford County, where he remained seven years. He took a post-graduate course in one of the leading medical institutions in New York City, and in the autumn of 1903 he established himself in practice in his native town of New Washington, where he has built up a substantial practice and figures as one of the representative physicians and surgeons of his native county. He served as president of the Crawford County Medical Society in 1922, and from the same was a delegate to the mceting of the Ohio State Medical Society in 1923, of which he is also a member. He is likewise a member of the American Medical Association. The Doctor served as coroner of Crawford County from 1916 to 1921, during the summer of 1924 he took an extended post-graduate course in the New York Post-Graduate and Medical School. He is a democrat in politics, and has been influential in the local councils and campaigns of his party. He is a stockholder in various industrial and commercial concerns in his home town, and he and his wife are communicants of the Lutheran Church. The year 1897 recorded the marriage of Doctor Kimerline and Miss Fairy Belle Scott, who likewise was born in Crawford County, who was graduated from the New Washington High School and who was a successful and popular teacher for several years prior to her marriage. She has taken an active part in educational affairs in her home city and county, and has the distinction of being the first woman ever elected to the New Washington Board of Education of Consolidated Schools, of which she is still a member, and was also secretary for a number of years of the Crawford County School Board. Mary Scott Kimerline, the only child of Doctor and Mrs. Kimerline, was born April 12, 1900, and was a member of the senior class in Lake Erie College at the time of her death, October 31, 1921. FREDERICK G. ROBERTS has been a member of the Lawrence County bar since 1910, gave somewhat more than ten years of effective service as judge of the Probate Court of this county, and he is now city solicitor of Ironton, an office to which he was elected in 1922. In the practice of his profession in the City of Ironton, Judge Roberts is now associated with Judge E. E. Corn, their partnership alliance having been formed in the spring of 1923, upon the retirement of Judge Roberts from the bench of the Probate Court. Judge Roberts was born at Gallipolis, judicial center of Gallia County, Ohio, and the date of his nativity was August 18, 1880. His parents, Joseph A. and Amanda (Hutchinson) Roberts, the latter of whom is deceased, were born and reared in. what is now the state of West Virginia, and the father served as a loyal soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war. Joseph A. Roberts and his wife came to Gallia County, Ohio, within a comparatively short time after their marriage, and there he became a prosperous farmer and a citizen of influence in his community, the same having been true after he came with his family to Lawrence County. He is a democrat, and a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as was also his wife. The lineage of the Roberts family is one of distinguished order. John Roberts, first Earl of Radnor, England, and John Alexander Roberts, fourth Earl of Truro, came to Virginia about the year 1721. In that year, in Caroline County, Virginia, was solemnized the marriage of John Alexander Roberts, and of this union were born eight children. The family home was established in Albemarle County, Virginia, in 1746, where settlement was made on a tract of land bordering Rockfish River. John, son of John Alexander Roberts, was the father of Joseph Roberts, the latter of whom was twice married, his second marriage, to Sally Hard, having occurred March 23, 1787, in Amherst County, Virginia, and nine children having been born of this union. The second of the nine children was Henry Dawson Roberts, who was born December 28, 1791, in Nelson County, Virginia, and whose death occurred May 25, 1856. He and his brothers were soldiers in the War of 1812. Henry Dawson Roberts wedded Eliza Brown Landeraft, October 23, 1817, and in what is now Fayette County, West Virginia, their son Joseph Alexander, father of the subject of this review, was born November 17, 1843. His marriage to S. Amanda Hutchinson occurred November 22, 1866, and Judge Roberts of this sketch was fourth in order of birth in their family of eight children. The early educational discipline of Judge Roberts included that offered by the village schools of Waterloo, Lawrence County, and that he profited fully by his advantages is indicated by the success which attended his eight years of service as a teacher in the public schools. In 1910 he was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School, with the degree of Bachelor of Laws, and the same year marked his admission to the Ohio bar and the initiation of his professional activities at Ironton. Here he was associated in practice with Joseph C. Riley, who was at the time the prosecuting attorney of the county. This alliance continued until the election of Judge Roberts to the office of judge of the Probate Court in 1912, he having assumed office in February, 1913,. and having, by successive reelections, retained this judicial office until February, 1923. He has since been engaged in HISTORY OF OHIO - 399 active practice of his profession in partnership with Judge Corn, as previously noted in this context. The personal popularity of Judge Roberts needs no further voucher than the statement that while Lawrence County and the City of Ironton are strongly republican and he is a democrat, still he was elected to the office probate judge by largeoccassion.s on each oceassion. While teaching school in Lawrence County he was there a member of the County Election Board, in 1907, and continued as such until 1912. He holds• membership in the Lawrence County Bar Association, the Ohio State Bar Association and the Ironton Chamber of Commerce. He is affiliated also with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Woodmen of the World, and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. He and his wife are active members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Ironton. October 12, 1911, recorded the marriage of Judge Roberts and Miss Bertha C. Paul, daughter of Moses D. and Mary J. (Moore) Paul, of Ironton. Mr. Paul is a carpenter and builder by occupation, was a gallant soldier of the Union in the Civil war, and is actively affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic. Judge and Mrs. Roberts have one daughter, Marjorie. HARLOW B. MAUCK is one of the old and honored business men of Lawrence County, and has spent over a third of a cenProctorville,own of Proetorville, where he owns the leading mercantile interests. Mr. Mauck was born at Cheshire, Gallia County, Ohio, February 19, 1867, son of Lewis W. and Frances (Bradbery) Mauck and a grandson of Daniel and Polly Mauck and of Asa and Electa Bradbery. The Bradbery family came from Maine, while the Maucks were from the Shenandoah Valley of V,sginia. Mr. Mauck's parents were both natives of Ohio and are now deceased. His father was a Union soldier in the Civil war, with the Ninety-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, was married after the war and for many years engaged in general merchandising at Cheshire. He was a member of the Masonic Order and the Baptist church. The three children in the family were Roscoe J., Earl W., and Harlow B. Harlow B. Mauck grew up at Cheshire, attended the public schools there, and later entered the Ohio Northern University at Ada. He left school in 1886, at the age of nineteen, and since then has resident of Proctorville, Lawrence County. For ten and one-half years he worked as a clerk and in other capacities in the Mauck & Waters Store, and then engaged in business for himself. He has been a merchant there for twenty-seven years, and the community has come to regard him as the leading man of affairs. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner, and a member of the Baptist Church, while his wife is a Methodist. In June, 1893, at Proetorville, Mr. Mauck married Miss May L. Bay, daughter of Capt. George Washington and Mary (Suiter) Bay. Her parents were Ohio people and now deceased. Her father for many years was a captain of river boats. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. Mauck are Francis, Kate and Minnie. HENRY A. KENT has been a successful business man in Southern Ohio for nearly forty years. He deals in real estate in Ironton, and in former years was a lumberman and brick dealer. He was born in Gallia County, Ohio, July 20, 1862, son of Henry A. and Matilda (Deney) Kent, both now deceased. His grandfather, Elisha Kent, was a native of England and married a Miss Grooe. The maternal grandparents were Samuel and Chloe (Short) Deney, who came to Ohio from North Carolina and were of Irish ancestry. Henry A. Kent, was born in New Hampshire, and was about four years old when his parents moved to Ohio. He was reared and educated in this state, and as a young man entered the Union army with the Ninety-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was wounded and as a result of the wounds his arm was amputated at the shoulder. After the war he engaged in teaching and was a justice of the peace in Huntington Township for many years. He held for three terms the office of judge of the Probate Court of Gallia County. He was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Knights of Pythias and the Methodist Episcopal Church. In the family were fourteen children, eight sons and six daughters, all of whom grew up. Their names were : Arthur Wellington, Robert T., A. J., Henry A., W. B., Charles, Edwin, Clarence Preston, Alice F., Ella, Maud, Blanch, Carrie and Mira. Henry A. Kent was reared in this numerous household of children in Gallia County, attending public schools at Gallipolis. He left school when sixteen, and during the next three years did railroad construction work, being employed on the Hocking Valley, the Kanawha & Michigan and Ohio River railroads. Following that for a short time he was a retail butcher and meat dealer, and for about fifteen years was in the brick business as a manufacturer and dealer. For seven years after that he was a lumber merchant, and after retiring therefrom he engaged in the real estate business in Ironton, where he has acquired considerable property of his own. He has been one of the reliable men in the real estate field in Lawrence County since 1917. On July 31, 1891, at Ironton, Mr. Kent married Miss Fannie T. McKnight, daughter of William G. and Margaret McKnight. The eight children of her parents were : Alice, Ella May, Viola, Fannie T., Henry, Charles, William and Fred. Her father was an active business man of Lawrence County, a merchant, and served as county recorder, also a member of the Methodist Church. Mr. and Mrs. Kent are Methodists. He is affiliated with the Brotherhood of America, and the Knights of the Maccabees. WILLIAM R. WHITE. In the twenty odd years he has practiced law at Gallipolis Judge White has seldom had relief from some line of public duty and service. He is the present judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Gallia County, an exceptionally able jurist. Judge White was born at Vinton, Gallia County, March 13, 1879, son of William R. and Phoebe. (Holcomb) White. Both the White and Holcomb families came to Ohio from New England. His paternal grandmother was Susan Wigner. William R. White, Sr., who died in 1910, was a civil engineer by profession. His work included a vast amount of particularly the surveying and planning of roads, and he originated the method of giving Gallipolis a pure water supply by using the natural filter beds of sand and gravel. He held the offices of county surveyor and city engineer for many years. His widow died June 3, 1924. They have two children, William R. and Mary, the latter the wife of Chancelor Baxter. By his first marriage there were three children: Katie, who died young, Lillie, who married Home Wardell, and Genevieve, who married Frank Hulick. Judge William R. White was reared in Gallia County, graduated from the Galipolis High School in 1898, and subsequently entered the Cincinnati Law School, where he completed the course and received his law diploma in 1902. In the same year he engaged in private practice at Gallipolis. He was elected chief of the city fire department, then director of public safety, then city solicitor, and was twice elected prosecuting attorney of Gallia County. During his