400 - HISTORY OF OHIO second term he resigned to accept appointment from Governor Davis as judge of the Court of Common Pleas. In 1922 he was regularly elected to judge of this court. Judge White was a member of the Ohio National Guards, serving as captain and quartermaster for eight years. He retired before the World war came on, but on account of his knowledge of military technic he was admitted to the Officers, Training School at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. He was in training there for three months, and was then relieved of military duty in order to enable him to return to Gallipolis and perform an important service as prosecuting attorney. He did a great deal of speaking over the county in behalf of the various war measures. Judge White is a member of the Episcopal Church, and fraternally is a Knight Templar Mason, and a member of the Knights of Pythias, Elks and Junior Order United American Mechanics. In March, 1923, he married Miss Nellie Woodward, of Gallipolis, daughter of Edward and Emma Woodward, the latter now living. Her father was a steamboat captain, an occupation followed by both of his sons. He was affiliated with the Order of Elks. Edward Woodward was a soldier in the Thirty-seventh Division during the World war. Mrs. White,s two brothers are Edward, who married Louise Belcher, and Thomas, who married Sallie Sawyer, and has a daughter, Jean. Judge White has a step-daughter, Evalyne. JAMES S. CLARK, probate judge of Gallia County, was for many years engaged in the produce business both in Southern Ohio and in other cities and states. He is well qualified by business experience for the important responsibilities he holds as judge of the Probate Court. Judge Clark was born in Clay Township, Gallia County, Ohio, March 8, 1869, son of Amos and Frances Harriet (Riggs) Clark. His grandparents were Stephen and Prudence M. Clark and James and Mary Riggs. The Clark family came from Winterport, Maine, to Ohio, in 1850. The Riggs settled in the state as early as 1825. Amos Clark, father of Judge Clark, was married on June 2, 1863, to Frances Harriet Riggs, who died November 24, 1874. He afterwards, on October 19, 1881, was married to Sarah Ingels Harper, but by this marriage no children were born. Amos Clark was a soldier in the Civil war, being a first lieutenant in Company I of the Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He participated in many battles. After the war he was a farmer and produce merchant, handling large quantities of produce, bought in this section of the North and shipped to Southern markets by the river. He was active in the Methodist Episcopal Church, serving as trustee and steward, and was a Mason and member of the Grand Army of the Republic. Amos Clark, who died in 1911, was survived by his widow and three children, by his first marriage: Mary L., who is the wife of Robert B. Ewing, now living at Franklin, Texas, and who has three children, Max C., Perry, Van and Donald B.; James S. Clark, and Ada F., who died in 1914, married Dr. Bert L. Lackey, and is survived by three children, Amos Clark Lackey, Dorothy F. Lackey and Helen Louise Lackey, now living with their father at Xenia, Ohio. James S. Clark was reared in a good home, and in a business atmosphere. He attended district school and the public schools at Gallipolis, spent two years in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio,. then completed the full commercial course in the Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York, in 1888. Having in the meantime acquired some knowledge of his father ,s business, he became a produce merchant and cold storage operator. and while keeping his home in Gallia County, conducted business with headquarters in Butte, Montana, in 1896-97, at Vicksburg, Mississippi, in 1890-96, and in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1897-1904. After leaving Milwaukee he was in business in Rochester, New York, and from there returned to Gallia County, where he had always retained his legal residence. In 1908 he was elected county auditor on the republican ticket; in 1909 he entered upon his duties as county auditor, serving until October, 1913. In 1916 he was elected probate judge, was reelected in 1920, and was renominated in 1924 for a third term to the same office. Judge Clark married, June 2, 1897, at Raccoon Island, Gallia County, Miss Ethel Faye McDaniel, daughter of Jehu L. and Martha A. (Guthrie) McDaniel. Her paternal grandparents were Sylvester and Mahala (Loucks) McDaniel and her maternal grandparents were Truman Guthrie and Hannah (Knowles) Guthrie. Mrs. Ethel F. Clark is a graduate of the Gallipolis High School and attended the Ohio State University, is a member of the Methodist Church, the Order of the Eastern Star and Daughters of America. The McDaniel family came from Pennsylvania into Ohio in 1803. The Guthries were an old Connecticut family and were among the earliest settlers of Marietta, Ohio. Jehu L. McDaniel was a Union soldier, serving in the One Hundred and Seventy-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. By occupation he was a farmer. He died September 19, 1923. Mrs. Clark ,s mother is still living. There were three children in the McDaniel family: May, living at Oxford, Ohio, who, by her marriage to John H. King, has three children, named Elsie E., wife of John Bailey, Mary, wife of Walter King, and Ray M.; Mrs. Clark; and Edna, who lives at Charleston, West Virginia, married Clarence W. Kemper, and has three children, as follows: Martha E., Elizabeth M. and Clarence McDaniel Kemper. The only child of Judge and Mrs. Clark is Frances M., wife of Frank E. Wetherholt, who, during the World war, was a member of the Student,s Army Training Corps at Ohio State University. Frances M. (Clark) Wetherholt graduated from the Gallipolis High School in 1918 and from Miami University in June, 1923. She was married to Frank E. Wetherholt July 11, 1923. Frank E. Wetherholt was a graduate from Gallipolis High School in 1918; attended Ohio University at Athens, Ohio, and Ohio State University, is a Knight Templar and a member of the undertaking firm of George J. Wetherholt & Sons. Judge Clark is a member of the Methodist Church. He is a Knight Templar and Thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner, and a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, of the Elks and Junior Order American Mechanics, also belonging to the United Commercial Travelers and Travelers, Protective Association. He is a republican in politics. CHARLES L. METZ, M. D., is one of the veteran and honored physicians and surgeons engaged in practice in the Madisonville district of the City of Cincinnati, and is one of the influential citizens of his community. Doctor Metz was born in Cincinnati, on the 1st of January, 1847, and is a son of the late Dr. Francis M. Metz, who had been engaged in the practice of medicine in New Orleans, Louisiana, prior to establishing his residence in Cincinnati, he having here continued in the successful work of his profession for a long term of years. In the Cincinnati public schools, including the high school, Dr. Charles L. Metz acquired his youthful education, and here he later pursued a course in the Miami Medical College, in which fine old institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1870, he having thus honorably and effectively held the degree of Doc- HISTORY OF OHIO - 401 for of Medicine for more than half a century—a period marked by earnest and able professional stewardship on his part. He became associated with his father in practice in Cincinnati, and here he has labored wisely and well in the alleviation of human suffering. The Doctor has long controlled a large and representative general practice, and has yet shown no desire to abate his professional activities. He is official district physician and also physician for the public and parochial schools of the Madisonville district. He is one of the veteran members of the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine and has long been influential in its affairs, besides which he is actively affiliated with the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Doctor Metz is a man of fine intellectuality, and has ever continued an appreciative student and reader, both along professional and scientific lines and also along that of general literature. He has membership in the Ohio Archeological Society and the Ohio Historical Society. He was manager of the Ohio archeological exhibit at the World Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, and for a number of years he was associated with the archeological work of Harvard University. His political allegiance is given to the republican party. He was a member of the Madisonville Board of Education fifteen years, and he served four years as a member of the Madisonville City Council before this place became an integral part of Cincinnati. He is local medical examiner for a large number of leading life insurance companies, and he served eight years as health officer of Madisonville. He is a director of the Madisonville Building Association, and he has long been an active member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. May 4, 1870, recorded the marriage of Doctor Metz and Miss Amelia Berger, daughter of the late Andrew and Julia Berger, who were honored citizens of Brown County. Anna, eldest of the children of Doctor and Mrs. Metz, is the wife of Doctor Knight, who is engaged in the practice of medicine in Cincinnati; Miss Clara Isabella remains at the parental home ; Beatrice Amelia (Mrs. McCafferty) resides at Vera Cruz, Brown County, Ohio; Captain Charles W., M. D., served as a captain in the Medical Corps of the United States Army in the World war, he having been stationed for some time at Camp Hum- phreys, Virginia, and having been a government instructor in first-aid work, his service in France having been as captain of a First Aid Division, and he having been in charge of the last company of American medical men to leave France for the home land after the signing of the historic armistice, he being now engaged in the practice of his profession in Cincinnati; Ethel, next younger of the children, is married and resides in Brown County, Ohio, at Vera Cruz; George, who is now engaged in the insur- ance business in Cincinnati, served overseas as a corporal in the Fourth United States Regular Infantry and was wounded while participating in the battle of Argonne Forest; and Misses Marie and Margaret remain at the parental home. CHARLES D. SIMERAL. One of the oldest and most influential newspapers published in Ohio is the Herald-Star at Steubenville. The Herald was founded more than a century ago, in 1806, while the Herald-Star combination dates back more than a third of a century. The most prosperous era of this newspaper coincides with the years that Charles D. Simeral has been the guide of its destiny. Mr. Simeral, as nearly everyone in eastern Ohio understands, is something more than a successful newspaper man. He has a genius for politics and party management, and while he has never held an important public office, he has for some years ranked as one of the most influential leaders of the republican party of Ohio. Mr. Simeral was born at Bloomingdale, in Jefferson County, Ohio, March 18, 1875, son of John B. and Harriet (Jones) Simeral, and grandson of Alexander Simeral. The Simerals, good Revolutionary stock, came to Ohio from Pennsylvania about 1803, while the Jones family came from Maryland. John B. Simeral, who died in 1888, was a merchant at Bloomingdale and was postmaster there for a number of years, this being the only office he ever held. He was very active in politics, and one of his brothers was county auditor for nearly a third of a century. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church'. His wife, Harriet Jones, died April 11, 1914. They had three children: George M., who married Lillian Reed; Ada ; and Charles D. Charles D. Simeral worked for all his opportunities in higher education beyond the common schools, which he attended at Bloomingdale. Some years later he continued the course in Scio College, where he graduated. Before going to college he held a. responsible position in the pension office at Columbus, becoming an employee there when fourteen years of age. He was there five years and later tutored in the college while taking the course. For five years he was private secretary to Hon. J. J. Gill, of Steubenville, serving in this capacity during his congressional terms. Mr. Gill was also owner of the Herald-Star, and after he retired from Congress Mr. Simeral joined the staff of that paper. It is self evident that Mr. Simeral made himself indispensable to this old journalistic institution. In 1905 he arranged to purchase the Herald-Star from Mr. Gill, organizing for that purpose and incorporating a stock company. He holds much more than the controlling interest in the Herald Printing Company. The price paid for the newspaper plant was sixty-two thousand dollars, a big price for a small city daily in those days. Mr. Simeral himself had only three thousand dollars in cash, and perhaps nothing has ever given him more satisfaction than the discovery of the real worth of a good name, as a result of which he was able to finance the deal and carry the chief responsibility in making one of the best papers in Ohio. The Herald-Star has grown amazingly and is now published in its own modern equipped building and plant on a forty-page Hoe press, with all the facilities, mechanical and editional, that go into the making of a great newspaper. Mr. Simeral writes the "Observer" column, which is widely read and very influential. He is also a director of the Steubenville Bank & Trust Company, of the Steubenville Hotel Company, of the Ross Park Realty Company, a trustee of the Gill Hospital, of the Young Women’s Christian Association, and president of the Red Cross. Doubtless his prominence in the republican party is due to his ability to influence men, and also to his very decided gift of oratory. As a forceful and convincing speaker he has few equals in the state. He has exemplified the dry sentiment in the party very emphatically, and his strength of leadership has been all the more remarkable because of this. He has served as secretary of the Republican State Central Committee, as a member of the State Campaign Committee; has been a delegate to many state and district conventions and has declined important and outstanding political honors. During the World war his distinctive achievement was in assisting to organize and planning the War Board of Jefferson County, of which he served as president. This war board was made up. of 743 picked men and women of the county, all of them enthusiastic workers. The board as a whole was divided into teams, each team with a captain, working in different 402 - HISTORY OF OHIO districts and on certain phases of the war program. All matters in connection with the war in which the county had a part came before the executive committee of the war board for settlement. Mr. Simeral was also chairman of the Draft Board, and during all of the war gave practically all of his time to the service of the government, refusing to accept any compensation for his work. It is a remarkable fact that in every loan campaign the subscriptions went over the top within less than two days. He was also chairman of the committee having in charge the soldiers great home coming demonstration, one of the most remarkable welcomes extended. to the soldiers by any community. Mr. Simeral is a former president of the Steubenville Chamber of Commerce; a former chairman of the Forum and is now a member of its Board of Directors. He is a charter member and for two years was president of the Steubenville Rotary Club, and is now the governor, Rotary International, 22nd district. He belongs to the Country Club, is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner and a member of the Elks and the Maccabees. He and his family worship in the Westminster Presbyterian Church. Mr. Simeral married at Steubenville, February 8, 1906, Miss Jessie Gladfelter, daughter of Nathan and Anna (Metzger) Gladfelter, being the second of their four children. Her sister, Mrs. Grace McCraken, is the only other one still living. Her brother Fred, who died in 1909, married Anna Huber and left a daughter, Helen. Mrs. Simeral,s brother Harry died at the age of twenty. Her father was early in life connected with the paper mill industry at Steubenville. He served as a director of the County Infirmary, and later as market superintendent. He was a Methodist and Odd Fellow. Mr. and Mrs. Simeral have one daughter, Anna Harriet, born November 13, 1908, who graduated from the Rosemary Hall Preparatory School at Greenwich, Connecticut, in 1924, and continued her higher education in Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania. Barring political office, to which he never aspired, Mr. Simeral has been showered with every position of honor and trust his city and county could bestow upon him. As an editor, as an orator, and as a leader in every movement for civic betterment he has been outstanding both in his section and in his state, but of all the service he has rendered, the service of which he is proudest is the war service to which he gave himself so enthusiastically and unreservedly during that critical period of world history. CINCINNATI ENQUIRER. Without attempting to set down all the factors that have made the Cincinnati Enquirer a very successful newspaper, the extent of its power and influence in the Middle West, the following article offers some chronology of this newspaper as an institution and the names of the principal men who have promoted its destiny. In 1828 Moses Dawson established The Phoenix as a Cincinnati newspaper, for a number of years conducting it and a job printing office. The plant and publications' were sold to the brothers, John and Charles H. Brough, who on Saturday, April 10, 1841, published the first issue of the Cincinnati Enquirer as a daily, weekly and tri-weekly. John Brough was a printer and publisher, having been successful in the management of two newspapers before entering upon his Cincinnati venture. He was also prominent in politics, having been auditor of the state, and later was elected governor of Ohio. Charles H. Brough was closely identified with local affairs. Shortly after the advent of the Enquirer he was elected prosecuting attorney of Hamilton County. In its early years the Enquirer won neither distinction nor prosperity. The Broughs soon sold a part and eventually all of their interests, and the paper changed owners and location a number of times. For a brief interval it was known as the Enquirer and the Messenger. A few years before the outbreak of the Civil war the paper passed to the control of Hiram H. Robinson, and enjoyed a period of prominence, claiming "twice the circulation of any political paper in the country." This prominence also made it possible for its publisher to become United States marshal in 1856. In 1858 he sold the business to James J. Faran and Washington McLean. Mr. Faran had been mayor of Cincinnati. Washington McLean was interested in steamboat building and other enterprises. They gathered a staff of newspaper workers of unusual ability, removed the publication plant to Baker Street and were successful not only as journalists, but in their extensive commercial printing business in which they specialized in "show prints, putting out spectacular posters and billboard papers for circuses and road shows. The Enquirer received a staggering blow in the fire of March 22, 1866, which destroyed not only the Pike Opera House but the entire establishment of the paper and a large stock of posters and show bills. Undefeated and without being discouraged, the publishers planned expansion rather than retrenchment, after this fire, procuring the present site of the paper on Vine Street and resumed regular publication as soon as new machinery and equipment could be assembled. Washington McLean acquired the interests of Mr. Faran by purchase, and soon made the Enquirer the most prosperous and influential newspaper in this section of Ohio and Kentucky. He was active in political affairs, not as an aspirant for office but as a power in its councils. The late John R. McLean, son of Washington McLean, was born in 1858, and began his career as an office boy and reporter on the Enquirer. In 1873 he acquired a part interest in the business. He was ambitious and not in entire sympathy with what he regarded as his father ,s conservative policy. It is related that he advised against the sale of the show print end of the business to two equally ambitious employes, Messrs. Russel and Morgan, who also prospered and became vital factors in the United States Printing Company. In 1881 John R. McLean became the sole owner of the Enquirer, and its aggressive and enterprising editor and publisher. He assumed a considerable debt, which he soon discharged, and made his paper the undisputed leader in its territory as well as one of the most widely distributed and nationally influential organs of the day. Since the death of John R. McLean in June, 1916, the Enquirer has been operated as a part of his estate under the direction of his son, Edward B. McLean. JESSE FRANKLIN THOMPSON, who is giving at the time of this writing (1924) a loyal and progressive administration as executive head of the municipal government of Bremen, Fairfield County, has been established in the successful practice of law in this fine little city during a period of a quarter of a century, and has built up a substantial and representative law business. Mr. Thompson was born on a farm one mile distant from Bremen, Fairfield County, and the date of his nativity was January 2, 1873. He is a son of the late Edward and Elizabeth (Thomas) Thompson, the former of whom died in 1897 and the latter in March, 1918. Of the children the eldest is William A., who married Mary F. McDougal, their four children being Lloyd E., John Neal, Edith and Fred- HISTORY OF OHIO - 403 crick. The subject of this sketch was the second child. Linnie, the ncxt in order of birth, is deceased. Edward Thompson maintained his home in Ohio during the entire period of his life, and was long numbered among the substantial exponents of farm industry in Fairfield County. He was in scrvice as a gallant soldier of the Union during four years of the Civil war, he having been corporal of Company B, Seventeenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and having participated in many of the engagements marking the great conflict between the states of the North and the South. In later years he found pleasing associations in his affiliation with the Grand Army of the Republic. Both he and his wife were active members of the Presbyterian Church. Jesse F. Thompson was reared under the invigorating influences of the home farm, profitcd in the meanwhile by thc advantages of the district schools, and at the age of nineteen years completed his course in the high school at Bremen. Thereafter he continued his literary or academic studies in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, and in the law department of this institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1898. In March of that year, after his reception of the degree of Bachclor of Laws, he was admitted to the bar of his native state, and he has since continued to be established in the active general practice of his profession at Bremen. He is a staunch advocate and supporter of the cause of the republican party, is the prcsent mayor of Bremen and is serving also as solicitor of his township. He is a member of the Fairfield County Bar Association and the Ohio State Bar Association, is a valued member of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce, and is affiliated with the Grange and the Sons of Veterans. Both he and his wife are active members of the Presbyterian Church in their home city. William Thompson, grandfather of him whose name initiates this review, passed his entire life in Ohio, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was Mary Black. His father was born and reared in Scotland and became a pioneer settler in Fairfield County, Ohio, where he acquired 300 acres of land and reclaimed a productive farm. Jesse Thomas, maternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch, came to Ohio from Virginia, his father, Aaron Thomas, having likewise come to this state from the old home in Rockingham County, Virginia. Jesse Thomas married Elizabeth Miller, who was born in Pennsylvania, of Scotch ancestry. On the 5th of July, 1904, was solemnized the marriage of Jcsse F. Thompson and Lissa Williams, daughter of Thomas and Fannie (Hooker) Williams, the former of whom died in the year 1914 and the latter still maintains her home in Fairfield County. To Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Williams were born the following children: Alice is the wife of Charles Reed, and they have five children; Mary is the wife of William Cruit, and they have six children; Lissa (Mrs. Thompson) was the next in order of birth; Mark married Crissie Peters, and they have four children; Frances is the wife of George Sprau, and they have three children; Waldo married Edna Beal and they have two children; Owen married Edna Bell and they have one child. Thomas Williams was a representative of one of the old and honored families of this section of Ohio, was for many years prior to his death numbered among the prominent farmers of Fairfield County, and as a young man he was a valiant soldier in the Civil war, as a member of the Ninetieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. In after years he perpetuated his association with his old comrades by maintaining active affiliations with the Grand Army of the Republic. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson have four children: Frances, John E., Roger W., and Ruth. CHRISTIAN DIEHL, JR., is president of the Defiance Dairy Products Company, and is a member of a family that has had an important part in the industrial life of that city for a great many years. He was born at Toledo, Ohio, in March, 1870, son of Christian and Mary (Rantz) Diehl. His father, who was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, August 21, 1842, was reared and educated in his native country, and practically from the age of seven was dependent upon his own resources. In 1860, at the age of eighteen, he came to the United States, and worked and familiarized himself with American life and customs at New York, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, St. Louis, and Toledo, Ohio. On October 15, 1870, a few months after the birth of his son, Christian, Jr., he moved to Defiance, Ohio. He became a foreman in a local brewery, and in 1885 he took over the business and operated it himself. On July 1, 1896, he took his son into partnership, and on July 1, 1902, the business was incorporated as the Christian Diehl Brewing Company. This business is still in operation, manufacturing soft drinks. The secretary and treasurer of the company is Christ Diehl, Jr. Mrs. Christian Diehl, Sr., died April 2, 1910. Christ Diehl, Jr., was reared in Dcfiance, attcndcd local schools, and in the fall of 1883 went to work in his father’s brewing plant. He has had a business career of a third of a century, and has interestcd himself in a number of important lines of development in this section of Ohio. The Defiance Dairy Products Company was organized in September, 1920, and began operation in April, 1922, with a capitalization of $300,000, and has done much to provide an effective market for dairy products. Mr. Diehl married, September 21, 1893, Louisa C. Speiser. They have four children: Arthur F., who is a graduate of high school and the Ohio State University; Edwin S., a graduate of high school and Defiance College, completed his law course in Ohio State University and is now a practicing attorney at Defiance ; Helen L., a graduate of high school and Ohio State University ; and Richard C., who is a student at Ohio State University. Mr. Diehl is a member of the Lutheran Church. He is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Order of Eagles, the Rotary Club and the United Commercial Travelers. ALBERT PERRY MILLER, judge of thc Common Pleas Court of Meigs County, has had a distinguished career as an attorney, jurist and citizen. He is a minister ,s son, has been dependent on his own efforts and resources since early youth, and has utilized to his own success and public service exceptional abilities of mind and character that were part of his inheritance. Judge Miller was born on the plains in Northern Kansas, in Jewell County, August 2, 1872, son of Rev. Commodore Perry and Maria (Janes) Miller. His father was of the same family as the famous naval hero, Commodore Perry. Commodore Perry Miller was born in New York State, in April, 1842, and now lives at Detroit, Michigan, alert and active, and in his eighty-first year made a tour from coast to coast. He has been a Methodist minister sixty years, his ministerial work taking him to many parts of the country. In the early days he was in old Indian Territory preaching to and teaching the Indians. He also had congregations in Kansas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Ohio. In Ohio he became well known as pastor of churches in Lawrence, Gallia and Meigs counties. Much of his time has been taken up with Evangelistic work, and 404 - HISTORY OF OHIO his brother Frank was an eminent Evangelist, working with Moody a number of years ago and later with Billy. Sunday. Commodore Perry Miller at the time of the Civil war volunteered as a drummer boy in the Nineteenth Michigan Infantry, and was in the thick of many battles, being at the siege of Vicksburg and later in Virginia campaigns. He has musical gifts of high order, playing the violin and other instruments. While living in Michigan he served as justice of the peace and mayor of Montrose. While an eloquent and forceful preacher and a constructive worker in the ministry, he has also been a practical business man and financier. For many years his salary as a minister was frequently given in such goods as pumpkins and cordwood, and that not being sufficient for the support of his family he turned his ingenuity to good account in a business way. Frequently in towns where he was minister of the Methodist Church he would engage in some other line of business, and eventually he became owner of a number of valuable farms. With his sons at one time he conducted a music store at Topeka, Kansas. The father of Rev. Commodore Perry Miller went out to Missouri as a pioneer, locating in Clay County. In the same community lived the famous border bandit family of the James brothers. Grandfather Miller was very oustpoken, and once upbraided the James brothers, Jesse and Frank, for their method of Hying. A fight ensued and Jesse James shot the grandfather in the left eye, a wound that caused his death a few years later. There has been a surprising fatality in the Miller family since then. Rev. Commodore Perry Miller lost his left eye while chopping wood. Judge Miller as a child at the age of two years lost the sight of his left eye while playing. Rev. Mr. Miller is a man of large physique, weighing 210 pounds, handsome in appearance and very precise in dress. His first wife, Maria Janes, was born in Illinois and died in 1892. After her death he married Nellie Omans, of Spring. Arbor, Michigan. There were eight children of the first marriage, and those to grow up were: Eugene, who conducts a grain elevator at .Clio, Michigan; Frank, an expert machinist at Detroit; Judge Albert Perry ; Clara, deceased wife of Bert Johnson, of Montrose, Michigan; Marcia, wife of William Sevener, of Seattle, Washington; Chester, in the coal business at Michigan; and Ethel, wife of Claude Morrison, of Portland, Oregon. Albert Perry Miller had a migratory boyhood Methodist ministers seldom remained in one place more than two or three years, and consequently before he was grown he had lived in communities in Kansas, Michigan, Indiana and Iowa. He graduated from the Pomeroy High School in Meigs County, Ohio, and when the family moved from Pomeroy he remained. He worked for his living, and from 1899 to 1902 was editor of the Tribune-Telegraph of Pomeroy. As a newspaper editor he paid the expenses of his legal education. He entered the law department of the University of Michigan, and while there carried on his duties as editor by correspondence. Judge Miller after his admission to the bar achieved rapid recognition as an able attorney. He served as prosecuting attorney of Meigs County in 1906-11, and from 1912 to 1915 was in law practice in partnership with former Chief Justice Joseph Bradbury. Chief Justice Bradbury was a resident of Pomeroy and served eleven years on the bench of the Ohio Supreme Court and at an earlier period had been judge of the Common Pleas Court. On. January 1, 1916, Judge Miller entered upon his present duties as common pleas judge of Meigs County. Since boyhood he has taken an active interest in politics. He was chairman of the Meigs County Republican Committee before his election as prosecut ing attorney, and has been a delegate to many county, district and state conventions. He is a member of the Ohio State Bar Association, and fraternally affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Junior Order United American Mechanics and Elks. In 1893. he married Miss Ella Hazelton, daughter of Capt. James A. Hazelton. Her father was a brave soldier and fine officer of the Union army, serving with the Fourth West Virginia Infantry, and though in thirty battles of the Civil war, escaped without a wound. Mrs. Miller was born in Pomeroy. They have three children : Hazel, wife of Fred Graff, who is private secretary to the president of the Nickel Plate Railway; Albert J., who was in the Officers, Training School at Camp Taylor in the latter months of the war and is now a cadet in West Point Military Academy; and Miss Martha, at home. ROBERT T. WHITAKER, one of the veteran merchants and business men of Defiance, is widely known over the state as past grand commander of the Grand Commandery of Ohio Knights Templar and as a thirty-third degree Scottish Rite Mason. Mr. Whitaker was born at Sylvania, Ohio, February 21, 1862, son of John Holland and Elizabeth (Talbot) Whitaker. His father was born in Boston, Massachusetts, October 1, 1833, was reared and educated there, and as a young man came to Ohio and at Sylvania. married Miss Talbot, who was born in that Ohio village September 19, 1842. She died March 4, 1893. The father took up railroading, and as an employe of the Wabash Railroad Company was transferred to Defiance, where he continued for many years. He was a Master Mason and a member of the Methodist Church, and a republican in politics. His two sons were Robert T. and John H. The latter after leaving high school entered Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, and became a minister of the Methodist Church. Robert T. Whitaker spent his boyhood days at Sylvania, and attended public schools in Toledo. When he was fourteen years old he went to work as a clerk in a dry goods store at Defiance, from minor responsibiliities climbed to executive duties, and for forty years has been managing partner of Harley & Whitaker, a well known Defiance mercantile house handling dry goods, ready-to-wear garments and floor coverings. Mr. Whitaker married Miss Tillie M. Harley, of Defiance. They have two daughters: Grace L., who is a high school graduate and a graduate in domestic science at Boston, Massachusetts; and Amy Elizabeth, who after graduating from high school attended the National Park Seminary at Washington, D. C., and is now the wife of Bert E. Davis, cashier of the Merchants National Bank of Defiance. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Whitaker is a member of all the York and Scottish Rite bodies of Masonry, receiving the supreme honorary thirty-third degree in the Scottish Rite. He belongs to the Scottish Rite Consistory at Toledo. In the York Rite bodies he is a past master, past high priest, past twice illustrious master and past eminent commander. He also belongs to the Rotary Club, the Toledo Club, the Defiance Golf & Country Club, and in politics is a republican. PAUL E. LYDEN, sheriff of Mahoning County, was born and grew up at Youngstown, was an employe in the iron and steel industry of that district, and had a number of years experience as a police officer and secret service operator before he entered upon his duties through election as a sheriff of one HISTORY OF OHIO - 405 of the largest and most populous counties in the state. Mr. Lyden was born at Youngstown, March 12, 1889, son of William F. and Bridget E. (Burke) Lyden. His paternal grandparents, Martin and Bridget (Lyden) Lyden, came to the United States and located at Wheatland, Pennsylvania, in 1868, and in 1872 moved to Youngstown, where Martin Lyden was a steel worker. The maternal grandparents of Sheriff Lyden were Patrick and Catherine (Derrick) Burke, who came to this country and located at Wheatland, Pennsylvania, about 1866, and in 1872 moved to Youngstown. The late William F. Lyden, who died October 21, 1915, was one of the highly respected and honored citizens at Youngstown. For over thirty-seven years he was connected with the iron and steel plants subsequently taken over by the Republic Iron & Steel Company, and he was foreman of the puddling department when the famous old. Valley Mill near Youngstown was dismantled. He also served two terms as a member of the City Council, and helped secure the construction of the Market Street viaduct. He. was a democrat, and a member of the Catholic Church. His widow still lives in Youngstown. Paul E. Lyden was the third in a family of eleven children, nine of whom are still living. He was educated in public and parochial schools at Youngstown, and at the age of fifteen began a practical apprenticeship to learn the pattern making trade. He followed this trade in local foundries and other shops for about eight years. He left his trade to become a member of the Youngstown Police Department, serving six years, and then became a member of the County Secret Service, serving three years under Prosecuting Attorney J. P. Huxley and another three years under H. H. Hull. Mr. Lyden in November, 1922, was elected sheriff of Mahoning County, and has shown a great deal of resourcefulness, energy and courage in handling the many problems and duties of this office. He is a republican in politics, a member of St. Edwards, Catholic Church, and is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus and the Loyal Order of Moose. February 7, 1912, Mr. Lyden married Miss Mary A. Cronin, who was born at Pittsburgh, daughter of Michael and Nora (Barry) Cronin. Her parents were natives of Wales. The four children of Sheriff and Mrs. Lyden are: Coletta, born May 13, 1913; Agnes, born April 26, 1915; Paul, born May 13, 1916; and Bertram, born September 7, 1921. HON. J. HENRY GOEKE, both as a professional man and citizen, measures up to the highest standards, and is able and resourceful, and a credit to himself and Lima, where he is engaged in the profession of law. He was born at Minster, Ohio, October 28, 1869, a son of Matthias and Bernadina (Ruemping) Goeke. After his preliminary education, acquired in the public schools of Minster, Coldwater and Celina, Ohio, J. Henry Goeke became a student of Pio Nona College, Saint Francis, Wisconsin, from which he was graduated in 1888. His legal training was taken in the Cincinnati, Ohio, Law School, and he was graduated therefrom in May, 1891. That same year he was admitted to practice at the Ohio bar. Locating at Saint Marys, Ohio, he formed a partnership with William T. Mooney, and this association continued for a year, but was terminated by by the election of Mr. Mooney to the bench in 1892. In the subsequent year Mr. Goeke formed a partnership with Anthony Culliton, and in 1896 C. L. Smith was taken into the firm, the name then becoming Goeke, Culliton & Smith. In the meanwhile, in 1893, Mr. Koeke was elected city solicitor of Saint Marys, and was reelected to succeed himself. In 1894 he was elected prosecuting attorney, and three years later was returned to the office on his record. During 1897 he formed a partnership with Samuel A. Hoskins, of Wapakoneta, Ohio, which continued until May, 1907, when he formed the firm of Goeke, Anderson & Boesel, which continued until Mr. Goeke moved to Lima. Very active in the democratic party, he was chairman of the state convention that nominated T. L. Johnson for governor in 1903 ; he was delegateat-large from Ohio to the national convention of his party at Baltimore, Maryland, in 1912, and was elected congressman from the Fourth Congressional District to the Sixty-second and Sixty-third congresses. During his first term he was a member of the committee on interstate and foreign commerce, and chairman of the subcommittee on expenditures in the treasury department that investigated the subject of collecting interest on Government funds on deposit in national banks, which resulted in the Government charging 2 per cent on all Government deposits. This measure resulted in the earning for the Government for the first year, 1903, $1,500,000. Mr. Goeke was author of the bill providing for the extension of the boiler extension law so as to make it applicable to all parts of the locomotive and tender, and this bill became a law March 3, 1915. During the campaign of 1914 he served as treasurer of the Democratic National Congressional Committee, being the first to hold membership on that committee when not a member of Congress himself. While he was a resident of Wapakoneta he was president of the telephone company of that city; president of the Democrat Printing Company, publishers of the Auglaize County Democrat and the Daily News; director of the First National Bank and president of the Abner Manufacturing Company. At Lima Mr. Goeke has won leadership at the bar, and his clean record and upright life are open to all. Of late years, especially since coming to Lima in 1917, he has confined himself to the practice of corporation law and important trial cases. Professionally he belongs to the County, State and National Bar associations. He is general council for the First National Bank of Wapakoneta, for the Fostoria & Fremont Railroad Company, for the Western Ohio Railroad Company, the City Loan & Savings Company, the Domestic Discount Company, and Charles H. Draper Company, as receiver of the First National Bank of Bluffton, Ohio. In November, 1891, Mr. Goeke was first married to Miss Emma Kolter, of Wapakoneta, Ohio, a daughter of Frederick and Mary Kolter, and they had two children: Gladys and Winfield. Mrs. Goeke was a graduate of the Wapakoneta High School, and took an active part in social and welfare work in her community. She and her two children were accidentally 'asphyxiated by natural gas in 1904, while Mr. Goeke was away from home. In September, 1906, Mr. Goeke married Miss Catharine Nichols, of Wapakoneta, a daughter of A. J. and Mollie Nichols. At the time of his death, in 1888, Mr. Nichols was clerk of the courts. Mr. and Mrs. Goeke have two children: Mary Jane and Kate Irene, both of whom are of school age. CAPT. FRANCIS M. DOYLE, a building engineer by profession, came to Ohio as an officer in the Quartermaster's Corps during the great war, and was connected with some of the great government building construction at Columbus. He has since become a permanent resident of the capital city, and is now president of the American Home Owning, Institute, Incorporated. 406 - HISTORY OF OHIO Captain Doyle was born in Boston, Massachusetts, November 24, 1885, and was reared and educated in the public schools of his native city and then entered Harvard University, where he was graduated in 1907. For some years following he was in the contracting and construction engineering business at Boston. Soon after America entered the war with the Central powers, in the spring of 1917, he volunteered and was commissioned a captain in the Quartermaster ,s Corps. Soon afterward the army authorities sent him to Columbus, where he was superintendent of construction at Columbus Barracks, now Fort Hayes, and he also superintended the construction of the East Columbus Army Reserve Depot. These and other duties required his constant attention here until after the armistice. Since the war Captain Doyle has become an increasing factor in the business life of his city. He was the man primarily instrumental in bringing about the reorganization of the American Home Owning Institute, Incorporated, and is now its president and active executive. This institute, the largest of its kind in Ohio, is an organization designed to furnish the service that will help supply the urgent need of home construction in Columbus and vicinity, and at the same time eliminate some of the burdensome costs and expenses of building and financing a home. A large number of the leading men and women of Columbus have become identified with the institute, and the advisory council includes a long list of names of men and women prominent in the official, business and civic affairs of Columbus. The service provided by the institute is designed to give the family of moderate means a perfect home of modern design and safeguard the interests of the home owner through every phase of the transaction, beginning with the choosing of the site, the architectural service, the actual building construction, and the financing and protecting the home owner in the possession of his property. The most significant part of the service offered by this institute is the opportunity it affords to home builders to borrow money at reasonable and legitimate rates on second mortgages for the building or completion of their homes, thus avoiding the extortion so often practiced by unscrupulous mortgage brokers. Captain Doyle is one of the popular younger men in the business and civic affairs of Columbus. He is a member of Franklin Post No. 1 of the American Legion, and is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. IRA C. McCLAVE maintains a partnership alliance with F. D. Hennessey in the ownership and conducting of one of the leading undertaking and funeral directing establishments in the City of Steubenville, where he has been actively associated with his line of business enterprise nearly twenty years. Mr. McClave was born at East Springfield, Jefferson County, March 31, 1885, and has not found it necessary to go outside the borders of his native county in finding opportunity for successful business achievement. He is the only child of John K. and Anna (Kirkpatrick) McClave, and his mother died in June, 1885, about three months after his birth. John K. McClave, who is now living virtually retired in the City of Steubenville, has been known as one of the progressive and successful exponents of farm industry in Jefferson County, and while still residing on his farm he served as a member of the School Board of his district and was otherwise influential in public affairs of local order. He is a democrat in politics and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a native of Ohio and is a son of the late William and Susanna (Kirk) McClave. Mrs. Anna McClave was a daughter of James and Mary Kirkpatrick. Ira C. McClave passed the period of his boyhood and earlier youth on the home farm, and in the meanwhile profited by the advantages of the district schools. At the age of eighteen years he completed his studies in the Dennison High School, and during the ensuing two years he was employed in J. F Robinson,s flour and feed store at Steubenville. He thereafter gave two years of service in the office of the supervisor of the maintenance of way department of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and he then took a position in the local undertaking establishment of D. F. Coe. A year later he entered the Penn College of Embalming at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and after completing the prescribed course of one year he was graduated in this institution. He forthwith passed the required examination that gave him status as a licensed embalmer in the State of Ohio, and he resumed his position with Mr. Coe, with whom he continued to be associated eighteen years. On the 1st of January, 1924, he formed a partnership with Mr. Hennessey, and they purchased the business that had been long and successfully conducted by Mr. Coe, who thereupon retired and whose death occurred in the following month. Mr. McClave is one of the substantial business men and loyal and progressive citizens of Steubenville, and here he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Protestant Church. In August, 1911, occurred the marriage of Mr. McClave and Miss Helen E. King, of East Liverpool, Columbiana County, she being a daughter of Robert and Martha (McGee) King, both now deceased. Concerning the other children of the King family the following brief data are available: Margaret is the widow of Jerome Smith and has four children; Edward and his wife have two children; Elta is the wife of Joshua Pool, and they have two children; Charles R. and his wife have three children; and William, who is youngest of the children, married Minnie Swearingen. Mr. and Mrs. McClave have no children. N. EUGENE REICHELDERFER. The founders of the Reichelderfer family in America came from Holland to this country in an early day and made settlement in Pennsylvania, from which staunch old commonwealth came the original representatives of the name in Ohio. Rufus Reichelderfer, father of him whose name initiates this paragraph, passed his entire life in Ohio, and was long numbered among the substantial exponents of farm enterprise in Salt Creek Township, Pickaway County, his death having there occurred August 7, 1921. His widow, whose maiden name was Susan Davis, still resides at Tarlton, that county, she being a daughter of the late Jesse and Elizabeth Davis. Rufus Reichelderfer was a man of strong individuality, well fortified in his opinions concerning governmental affairs, and was influential in his community, where he was called upon to serve in various township offices. He was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and was a communicant of the Lutheran Church, as is also his widow. Of the children the youngest is N. Eugene, of this sketch. Minerva, the first born, died June 14, 1904. George, whose death occurred on the 19th of June, 1922, married Miss Opal Daugherty, who survives him, as do four of their five children, whose names are here recorded: Gertrude (deceased), Minerva, Waneta, Marjorie and Harry. The only son, Harry, enlisted for service in the United States Army prior to the nation,s entrance into the World war, in which great conflict he participated. He was with his command for some time, and his military activities aside from this war having included service in the Philippine HISTORY OF OHIO - 407 Islands. He has the rank of captain and is now stationed with his regiment in the State of New York. Augustus, son Clay was likewise in active overseas service in the World war. N. Eugene Reichelderfer attended the public schools of Pickaway County, in which county his birth occurred on the family homestead farm near Tarlton, on the 21st of January, 1882. In 1902 he was graduated from the high school at Tarlton, and thereafter he was for two years a student in Ohio University at Athens. He then engaged in teaching in the district schools, and hc continued a successful and popular representative of the pedagogic profession for the long period of sixteen years, his teaching having been mainly in the schools of his native county. He next gave four years of effective service as assistant cashier of the Citizens Bank at Ashville, Pickaway County, and he then accepted his present position, that of cashier of the First National Bank of Kingston. Under the registration he was assigned to class No. 4 at the time of the World war, and thus he was not called into active service. He and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he is affiliated with the Blue Lodge, Chapter and Council bodies of the Masonic fraternity. At Covington, Kentucky, in February, 1904, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Reichelderfer and Miss Muriel Thomas. Mrs. Reichelderfer is one of a family of six children; Fred, eldest of the number, married Miss Jennie Bause; Bess is the wife of Jamcs O,Brien; Ethel is the wife of Clinton Wilson; Helen is the wife of Frank Douglas; and Ruby is at the parental home. Mr. and Mrs. Reichelderfer have two sons and two daughters, namely : Elizabeth, Evelyn, Waldren and Dale. Miss Elizabeth Reichelderfer is (1923) a successful and popular teacher in the high school at Chillicothe, county seat of Ross County. JACOB SHIVELY RILEY. To the law as a profession Jacob Shively Riley has given fifteen hard working and earnest years, and has achieved a place of recognized distinction at the bar of Highland County. Mr. Riley was born near Chillicothe, in Ross County, Ohio, February 4, 1884, representing an old Virginia family. His great-grandfather, Madison Riley, was born in Prince William County, West Virginia, in 1776, and died in 1867. His wife, Mary Madison, was born in Prince William County in 1779, and died at Parkersburg, West Virginia, in 1820. Their son, Joshua Riley, was born in Prince William County, September 1, 1805, and died in Wood County, West Virginia, in 1864, being buried in Jackson County, Ohio. He married Sarah Louther, who was born in Wood County, West Virginia, April 12, 1806, and dicd July 2, 1872. The father of the Greenfield attorney was David Brainard Riley, who was born in Wood County, West Virginia, April 6, 1845, spent some of his life in Ohio, but died at Frankfort, West Virginia, Novembcr 18, 1898, and was buried in the Baptist Cemetery there. He married Hildah Ann Robinson, who was born in Wetzell County, West Virginia. Jacob Shively Riley attended the public schools at Chillicothe, had private tutors, and between times worked on farms. At fifteen he taught a common school at Bourneville, Ohio. At nineteen he was elected principal of that school, and he continued his service as an educator until 1908. While he had no opportunity to attend college, Mr. Riley possessed the primary qualifications of a scholar, and a good memory and diligence and application to his daily program of study has made him the equal of many a college trained lawyer. He stood a successful examination for the bar at Columbus in 1909, and since then he has been engaged in a general practice at Greenfield. He has a very complete law library and has shown great skill in handling the daily problems of litigation presented to him. He is a lease owner of valuable oil, gas and coal lands in Jackson and Vinton counties. Mr. Riley is affiliated with the Masonic Order, the Independent Order of Red Men, the Woodmen of the World, and is a republican. He married at Bourneville, Ohio, September 11, 1909, Miss Maud Kathryn Staats, who was born January 21, 1889, and graduated from the Bourneville High School in 1907. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. The nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Riley were: Harold Louis, born in 1910; Fern Kathleen, born in 1911; Rex Runic, born in 1912 ; Marguerite Maud, born 1914; Hubert Dale, born 1916; Carleton Hadley, born 1917; Channing Shirley, born 1919; Donald Stanleigh, born 1921; and Herschel Ivan, born in 1922. Their son Hubert Dale died in early childhood. The two oldest are pupils in the McClain High School at Greenfield and the others of school age are in the grades. All of these children were born at Greenfield. GEORGE W. MOORE, the vice president and general manager of the Wheeling Iron & Steel Corporation, one of the most important industrial concerns operating at Portsmouth, Scioto County, claims the old Keystone State of the Union as the place of his nativity, his birth having occurred in the City of Reading, Pennsylvania, on the 8th of May, 1886. He is a son of the late Nelson Miles Moore and Margaret (Dunnett) Moorc, both likewise natives of Pennsylvania. Nelson M. Moore was a gallant soldier of the Union during the entire period of the Civil war, in which he was a member of the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry and participated in many engagements marking the progress of the great conflict. After the war he long continued his associations with the iron and steel industry, in which he served as superintendent of the puddling departments of various large plants in Pennsylvania. Both he and his wife were zealous members of the Baptist Church, and he was affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic. Nelson M. Moore was born February 9, 1843, and died March 25, 1921, his wife having passed away March 28, 1896. In the high school at Coatsville, Pennsylvania, George W. Moore was graduated as a member of the class of 1904, and there he soon afterward took a position in the iron and steel plant of the firm of Jones & Laughlin. He was in the chemical department of this plant two years, and during his summer vacations in the ensuing two years he gained practical expcrience in the inspecting and physical testing laboratory. Thereafter he put in two full years in the open hearth and plate mills, and mastered the details of operation in the rolling of steel plates. He then, in 1910, came to Portsmouth and assumed the position of assistant superintendent of the testing and inspecting department of the Portsmouth Steel Company, with which he was thus associated three years. In 1913 he was made superintendent of the same department, and in 1917 he was advanced to the office of assistant general superintendent. In 1919 he entered upon his administration as general superintendent, and in January, 1922, he was elected vice president and general manager of the concern. In 1909 the plant and business of the Portsmouth Steel Company were purchased by the Whitaker-Glessner interests, but 408 - HISTORY OF OHIO operations were continued under the original title until 1914, when the name was changed to the Whitaker-Glessner Steel Company. In 1921 was effected a merger of the Wheeling Iron & Steel Company, the Whitaker-Glessner Steel Company and the LaBelle Iron Works of Steubenville, Ohio. On the 1st of January, 1923, all of these interests came to be operative under the present title of the Wheeling Iron & Steel Corporation of Wheeling, West Virginia, Mr. Moore being vice president of this important corporation and general manager of its Portsmouth plant, which is one of the largest of its kind in the United States. When Mr. Moore came to Portsmouth this steel plant retained about 500 employes, and the working corps now numbers more than 5,000 persons. Mr. Moore is a loyal and vital member of the Portsmouth Chamber of Commerce and the local Rotary Club, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is a republican in political adherency, and his religious faith is that of the Presbyterian Church. He is a popular member of the Portsmouth Country Club and the Rose Ridge Country Club, at the fine clubhouse of which latter organization he maintains his home, his name being still enrolled on the roster of eligible bachelors in Scioto County. He is a member of the American Iron & Steel Institute, the American Society of Testing Material, and the American Association of Steel Manufacturers. He now has authoritative status in his chosen vocation, and has worked his way up from the bottom in the steel industry. Mr. Moore is a scion of staunch Scotch and English ancestry, his paternal grandparents having been Nelson Miles Moore and Margaret Moore, and his maternal grandfather having been Robert Dunnett. Both families were early founded in Pennsylvania. GENERAL GEORGE OLENDER PENCE, former state senator and for many years successfully identified with Highland County ,s agricultural and business life, represents a family that has been identified with this section of Ohio since very earliest pioneer times. He was born in Highland County, May 6, 1879. His great-grandfather Henry Pence, a native of Virginia, where he was born in 1790, came as a pioneer into Ohio and spent many years of industrial and useful life in Highland County, where he was buried. He married Catherine Lyman, who was born in Virginia, in 1795. Their son, George Pence, was born in Highland County, February 28, 1816, spent his career as a farmer, and died in 1900, at the age of eighty-four. He married Catherine Wilkins, who was born at Hillsboro, Ohio, in 1818, and died and was buried there at the age of seventy-eight. Wesley Pence, father of Senator Pence, was born in Highland County, April 13, 1842, and as a youth enlisted and saw active service as a Union soldier at the time of the Civil war. He was with Company A of the Eighty-ninth. Ohio Volunteer Infantry until discharged in 1864 on account of phyical disabilities. As soon as he recovered he reenlisted in Company A of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Ohio Regiment of National Guards. He saw some active service in the Kentucky campaign, and after the war devoted his years to farming. He died November 11, 1906, and is buried at Hillsboro. Wesley Pence married in 1865 Miss Susannah Josephine Duckwell at Hillsboro. Their son, General George Olender Pence, was reared on his father 's farm and acquired his education in country schools, though as a man of contact with outside affairs he has found regular opportunities to increase his knowledge and ability by observation and study. He worked on his father,s farm as a boy, and from 1898 until 1922 he independently managed one of his father,s farms. When he gave up farming as his regular business in 1922 he became associated with his brother, W. H. Pence, in the bottling business at Hilsboro under the name of the Hillsboro Bottling Works. They have an extensive demand for their product, shipping by automobile trucks and otherwise to localities in adjoining counties. Mr. Pence is a York Rite and Scottish Rite Mason, belongs to the Mystic Shrine and the Eastern Star, is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Modern Woodmen of America. He is a trustee of the Reformed Church and superintendent of the Sunday school. Mr. Pence is owner of several farms in Highland County and has considerable residential property in Hillsboro, In politics he has always acted as a republican, and in 1911 was candidate and elected to the office of township trustee. In 1912 he became a candidate for the Ohio Legislature, being elected and entering upon his duties January 1, 1913. In 1920 he was a successful candidate for the Ohio State Senate to represent the Fifth and Sixth districts, and while in the Senate was author of several bills, being particularly known as the author of Senate Bill No. 10 to regulate public utilities. Prior to his election as state senator the one term rule existed in the Fifth and Sixth districts, but in spite of that rule he was chosen by a majority of over 1,200. On October 8, 1900, Mr. Pence married Miss Edith Marie Fawley, who was born in Highland County in 1880 and was educated in the common schools and in Hillsboro College. Her father was a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Pence have two sons : Gerald LeRow, born February 6, 1906, was educated in the public schools, graduating from the Hillsboro High School in 1923, and is now attending Denison University at Granville, Ohio. At the university he is a Kappa Sigma and has chosen a career as a civil engineer. The second son, Wesley Ralph, born in Highland County, January 3, 1909, is attending high school at Hillsboro. CHARLES E. HANSELL, manager of the Springfield Chamber of Commerce, has an extended experience in the business life Of the city before taking his responsible position with the organization of business men designed to promote the general interests of the city. Mr. Hansell was born at Leesburg, Ohio, April 4, 1885, son of George E. and Laura A. (Duff) Hansell, and grandson of John and Emma Hansell, and John and Ella Duff. John Hansel moved out of old Virginia with an ox team, and as a young man settled near Hillsboro, Ohio, all his children being born in this state, and subsequently he went to Des Moines, Iowa. His son, George E. Hansell, subsequently returned to Ohio from Des Moines, and spent his active life in the grocery business. He was a Methodist, and was very much devoted to home and family. He died January 18, 1920, and his widow is still living. Their children were : Nellie, who married C. W. Cook; Lillian, who married Paul C. Dalbey, and has one child ; Marie, who became the wife of Clifford Straub, and has two children ; Charles E.; Bessie, who married Lee Parrett; and LeRoy H., who married Geraldine McMillan. Charles E. Hansell attended district schools, and when he was thirteen years of age was earning his living at the laborious occupation of firing three boilers for the Waddell Woodenware Works at Green- HISTORY OF OHIO - 409 field. He remained there a year and a half, and was then taken into the office of E. L. McClain, the leading manufacturer at Greenfield, doing clerical work for him three years. While there he attended night classes at the Greenfield Business College, and subsequently coming to Springfield was for four years bookkeeper in the Springfield Merchandising Company, following which he was in the service of the American Seed Machine Company from 1906 to 1916, being an accountant in the legal department. He then became auditor for the Kelley Motor Truck Company, and since 1920 has been manager of the Chamber of Commerce. During the World war he was put, in the fourth class. He is also a member of the Rotary Club. Mr. Hansell married January 20, 1915, at Springfield, Miss Ruie Day Hoppes, daughter of Josephus F. Hoppes, who is superintendent of the Hoppes Manufacturing Plant at Springfield. Mrs. Hansell,s mother died in 1913. There is one other child, Howard Hoppes, who with his wife, Iva, has five children. CHARLES BEHRINGER has with other members of his family been an important contributing factor to the commercial and industrial growth of the City of Defiance. He has been in business there for over forty years. Mr. Beringer was born at Defiance, February 4, 1857, son of Adam and Maria (Bentz) Behringer. His parents were natives of Germany, his father born in 1833 and his mother in 1834. They came to this country about the time they were grown, were married in New Jersey, and in 1856 settled at Defiance, Ohio. Adam Behringer was a wagon maker by trade, and continued the manufacture of wagons at Defiance the rest of his life. He had the German characteristics of resourcefulness and thrift and provided well for his family. He was a member of the Lutheran Church. Of the four children born to the parents one died in infancy, and the three living are: Charles; Andrew, who is floor manager of the Defiance Grocery Company; and Adam C. L., superintendent of the Defiance Box Company. Charles Behringer was educated in the public schools until he was fourteen years of age, and he then began an apprenticeship in his father ,s wagon factory. He was identified with wagon manufacturing for a number of years, and he made the last Turnbull wagons made in Defiance. He has been one of the men responsible for the development of the Defiance Grocery Company, of which he is vice president. He married Miss Josephine Bernardine, of Antwerp, Ohio, who died in 1906. There is one surviving child, Grover F., who is a graduate of the Defiance High School, and is an -expert machinist, now general superintendent of the American Pressed Steel Company of Defiance. Mr. Behringer is a democrat in politics. He served as a cemetery trustee for seven years, and was one of the first members of the Public Service Commission. In 1899 he was elected county commissioner, taking office in 1900, and was on the board for six years. FRED S. STEVER, former president of the Ohio Bankers, Association, is president of the Merchants National Bank of Defiance, and for a number of years has been one of the most influential citizens of his community and state. A native of Defiance County, he was born a farmer’s son in Tiffin Township, September 26, 1867. His parents were John G. and Sarah (Toberen) Stever. His father was born in Germany, December 27, 1838, and was brought to the United States at the age of nine years and grew up on the Stever farm in Tiffin Township, where he spent practically all his life. His wife was born in Tiffin Township, April 24, 1839. Both were educated in public schools, and on June 8, 1858, were married, and thereafter for over fifty years they lived on the same farm. After selling the old homestead in 1915 they moved to a village and are now retired. Both are active members of the German Methodist Church and the father is a democrat. Fred S. Stever spent his boyhood on the farm. After. the public schools he entered Baldwin University near Cleveland, and graduated with the degree Civil Engineer. For a time he was with the engineering department of the Great Northern Railroad, with headquarters at Spokane, Washington. In 1892, after his return to Defiance, he bought an insurance business long known as the Stever Brothers, Fire Insurance Agency, and is still a half owner of that properous business. In 1893 he was elected county surveyor of Defiance County, and held the office four years. In the meantime Mr. Stever had become financially interested in the Merchants National Bank, and after leaving the office of county surveyor was elected its cashier. On January 1, 1923, he was made president, and is the executive officer of the bank. In 1915 he assisted in organizing the Farmers, Savings & Loan Association, of which he is president. He was elected president of the Ohio Bankers, Association in 1920. In June, 1923, he was elected a representative to the American Bankers, Association for a term of three years. Mr. Stever married Miss Freda Shellman, of Defiance, on June 23, 1897. He is a graduate of the Defiance High School. Four children were born to their marriage ; Frederick dying at the age of seventeen and Grace at the age of five. Bertha, a graduate of high school, is now assistant trust officer of the Commercial Savings Bank & Trust Company of Toledo. The younger daughter, Alys, is eleven years old and attending public schools. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Stever is a Knight Templar Mason, being a past eminent commander of Defiance Commandery. He belongs to the Scottish Rite Consistory in the Valley of Toledo, and Zenobia Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Toledo. Both he and his wife are members of the Eastern Star, of which he is a past worthy patron and she past worthy matron. Mr. Stever is a democrat. He has been a prominent member of the Ohio Sportsmen,s League, of which he is a director and treasurer. This league has had a great deal of influence in changing the state policy regarding the conservation of game and providing regulations for fishing and hunting. Through this organization Mr. Stever secured a fish hatchery and a community picnic grove of twenty-seven acres. FRANK J. PAPENHAGEN. The diversity of his business connections gives Frank J. Papenhagen a place of front rank among the Defiance business men and citizens. In that city he has made progress from humble beginnings as proprietor of a small job printing plant until he is now general manager. and one of the owners of the Defiance Printing & Engraving Company. He is an executive in a number of other organizations. Mr. Papenhagen was born in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Germany, November 24. 1872, son of Joseph and Wilhelmine (Westendorf) Papenhagen. He spent the first seventeen years of 410 - HISTORY OF OHIO his life in Germany, being educated in private schools and beginning an apprenticeship at the printer ,s trade. Coming to America in 1889 he found employment as a compositor with the German Express at Toledo. In 1893 he came to Defiance, and for a time was employed by John A. Deindoerfer on the German Herold. In August, 1897, with a partner, G. C. Deindoerfer, Mr. Papenhagen started the modest business establishment that is the foundation of the present Defiance Printing & Engraving Company. The business was later incorporated, and it is now housed in a home of its own and has every mechanical facility for printing of a high order. Under the personal supervision and expert ability of Mr. Papenhagen the business is one of the leaders of the kind in Northwestern Ohio. The officers of the company are : W. S. Powell, president; John A. Eck, vice president; Frank J. Papenhagen, general manager and secretary ; and W. A. Snider, treasurer. Mr. Papenhagen is also a director in the Northwestern Savings & Loan Company, is president of the Defiance Motor Truck Company, is vice president of the Defiance Home Building Company, and is a director in the American Steel Package Company, the Defiance Dairy Products Company, and the Defiance Gas & Electric Company. In 1895 he married Miss Winifred A. Klingler, of Upper Sandusky, Ohio. They have two talented children. The son, Frank W., after graduating from high school entered Ohio State University, where he completed the work in the School of Journalism and Art, and is now associated with the Defiance Dairy Products Company. The daughter, Edna M., is a graduate of the Ward-Belmont School for Girls at Nashville, Tennessee, and since December, 1923, the wife of Robert W. Emery. Mr. Papenhagen is a trustee of the First Presbyterian Church of Defiance. He has filled all the chairs in the York Rite bodies of Masonry at Defiance, and is a member of the Valley of Toledo Scottish Rite Consistory and Zenobia Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is an independent in politics, and is a member of the Rotary Club and Defiance Club. NEWT BRONSON, former county clerk of Defiance County, has been prominently identified with the insurance and real estate business in the City of Defiance since early manhood. He was born in Defiance, May 12, 1876, son of Charles E. and Mary A. (Thacker) Bronson. His father was born at Defiance, March 10, 1850, and during his early life was a school teacher. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and served three terms as prosecuting attorney. At the time of his death, on May 15, 1922, he was dean of the Defiance County Bar. He was an active democrat in politics. Mary (Thacker) Bronson is also a native of Ohio, and is still living. There were three children. One son, Edward S., is a member of the firm of Bronson Real Estate Exchange, a business that was founded in 1871 by the late Charles E. Bronson and has continued in service without interruption for over half a century. Charles E., Jr., passed away in infancy. Newt Bronson was reared in Defiance and attended the public schools and the Toledo Business College. As a young man he joined his father ,s real estate business, and has continued it uninterruptedly except for such time as he has given to public affairs. He has been a leader in the democratic party of Defiance County. In addition to his service for three terms as county clerk, he received the nomination for Congress to represent the Fifth Ohio District, but was defeated in the landslide in 1920. He is the present representative of his district of the State Central Committee, and is also a member of the State Democratic Executive Committee, being the only one on both committees in the state. He was a delegate to the National Convention which nominated Davis for President. November 20, 1902, Mr. Bronson married Irene DeVaux, of Defiance. She is a graduate of the Defiance High School. They have a family of five children: Lillian G., born April 10, 1904, a graduate of the Defiance High School and a teacher in the grammar schools of Defiance; Mary A., born July 12, 1907; Ruth O., born February 9, 1912; Richard N., born January 1, 1914; and John William, born April 25, 1920. Mrs. Bronson is a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Bronson served in 1919-20 as exalted ruler of the Local Lodge of Elks, and is now a trustee of the order. He is a member of the National Union Insurance Society, and for the past twelve years has been its financial secretary. LEE O. TUSTISON, a teacher in his early years, has become best known in the newspaper field, and is the present general manager and publisher of the Crescent News at Defiance. He was born in Dekalb County, Indiana, August 22, 1881, son of Charles and Flora (Scholes) Tustison. His parents were born in Dekalb County. His mother died June 24, 1922, and his father lives at Defiance. They were educated in the public schools of Indiana, were members of the Christian Church, and democrats in politics. The two sons in the family are Lee O. and Earl W. Lee O. Tustison grew up on a farm near St. Joe, in Dekalb County, attended public schools there, and is a graduate of the St. Joe High School. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the Tri-State Normal College of Angola, Indiana. Mr. Tustison,s experience as a teacher covers a period of seven years, and he was both in grade and high school work. His first connection with the newspaper business was as advertising manager, and he was connected for a time with the Whitley County News, the Herald, Denison, Texas, and the Gazette at Sterling, Illinois. Leaving there he came to Defiance County, Ohio, and bought the Hicksville News and later the controlling interest in the Defiance Crescent News. Mr. Tustison married Miss Mae Hamilton, of St. Joe, Indiana. She is a graduate with the Bachelor of Arts degree from Indiana University, and before her marriage was a teacher of history and literature in the public schools of her native state. Mr. and Mrs. Tustison have one son, Keith, born December 24, 1915. The family are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Defiance, and Mr. Tustison is one of the Board of Elders. He is a past noble grand of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, has sat in the Grand Lodge of the Order in Indiana, and is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. JOHN C. MARLATT, an ex-service man, one of the prominent younger business men and citizens of Defiance, is an ex-mayor of that city. He was born in Auglaize County, Ohio, May 25, 1890, son of Jacob and Malinda (Leethy) Marlatt. His father was a native of Marietta, Ohio, was reared there and at Piqua, and in 1861 enlisted as a Union soldier and served until the close of the Struggle. His wife was reared in Auglaize County. They were engaged in farming there until 1895, when they moved to Lima, where Jacob Marlatt was employed by the Solar Refinery until his death in 1906. His HISTORY OF OHIO - 411 wife died about 1896. They were members of the Presbyterian Church, fraternally he was a Mason, and was a republican in politics. There was a family of eight children: Lawrence, Katie and Lillie (twins), Elisha, William, Harvey, John and Robert. John C. Marlatt received his early education in the schools of Lima, Xenia and Newark, and for four years attended Berea College in Kentucky, paying his own expenses while there. Returning to Lima, he soon afterward moved to Defiance, in November, 1914, and has since been engaged in business here. He is a member of the firm Krull-Marlatt Company. In May, 1918, Mr. Marlatt enlisted in the navy, and served until honorably discharged in March, 1919. He is active in a very successful insurance business. Since the war he has been identified with the Ohio National Guard and is now captain of the Howitzer Company of the One Hundred and Forty-eighth Infantry. Mr. Marlatt was elected mayor of the City of Defiance in November, 1922. He is a republican in politics, is a member of the American Legion, belongs to the Presbyterian Church, is a past master of the Masonic Lodge, and member of the Royal Arch Chapter, Council and Knights Templar Commandery. He married Miss Viola Click, of Berea, Kentucky. She graduated Bachelor of Arts from Berea College in that state, and did post-graduate work in Defiance College and holds the Master of Arts degree from the Ohio State University. EDWARD LESLIE BOWSHER, superintendent of the Wauseon City schools, is one of the younger men in the educational leadership of Ohio, and so far has devoted all his active years to qualifying himself in higher schools or the practical work of teaching and school administration. He was born near Cridesville, Ohio, on a farm September 30, 1890, son of Irvin and Clara (Burke; Bowsher. His father was born at Elida, in Allen County, Ohio, November 22, 1863, and his mother was born on a farm in Auglaize County, October 4, 1867. They were educated in district schools, and after their marriage settled on a farm in Allen County and later movcd to Auglaize County. The father was a Lutheran and a democrat and his wife, a Methodist. Their two children are Edward Leslie and Crystal, the latter a graduate of the Cridersville High School. Edward L. Bowsher attended school at Cridersville, graduated from high school at Wapokaneta, and received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Defiance College. He did one year of special work in Ohio State University, studied law in Ohio Northern University and took post-graduate work in the University of Michigan. In the meantime he was teaching, and his higher education was paid for through his own earnings. He taught in district schools a year, for four years was superintendent of the Waynesfield School, for six years was superintendent at Waverly, and in 1920 entered upon his .duties as superintendent of the city schools at Wauseon. Mr. Bowsher married Miss Norma Pepple, of Wapokaneta, a graduate of the high school of that city. She was especially educated in music, and for a time taught that subject. They have three children, Janice, a freshman in high school; Robert, in the sixth grade, and Ruth 0., in the third grade of the public schools of Wauseon. Mr. Bowsher and family are members of the Methodist Church. He is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge, Wauseon Chapter No. 111, Royal Arch Masons, and is worthy patron of Fulton Chapter No. 67, Eastern Star. He also belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America, is a democrat, is president of the Local Exchange Club of Wauseon, and is teacher of the Men's Bible Class in the Methodist Sunday School. A. M. KRUSE has for many years been identified with the business interests at Defiance, where he is a manufacturer of sheet metal goods. He was born in the City of Toledo, Ohio, in February, 1879, son of Martin and Louise (Sable) Kruse. His father was a native of Alsace and his mother of a German province, and they wcre married in Toledo after coming to the United States. The mother is still living in Toledo. They were active members of the Lutheran Church. A. M. Kruse grew up at Toledo, attending the public schools there, and he learned the trade of mechanic with the Toledo Tool & Machine Company. In 1903, twenty years ago, he came to Defiance, and has built up a prosperous business as a sheet metal goods manufacturer. Mr. Kruse is married but has no children. He is a member of all the Masonic bodies of the York Rite at Defiance and the Scottish Rite bodies at Toledo. He is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and in politics is an independent. MAJ. ALBERT B. DEKAY, who for many years was identified with the Ohio National Guard and was overseas on military duty in the World war, is the present postmaster of Defiance, and has been active in business and public affairs in this section of the state. He was born in Cattaraugus County, New York, August 5, 1867, son of Charles M. and Elizabeth (McElhenney) DeKay. His father was born in the same county, December 26, 1841, and his mother in Allegany County, New York. They were reared on farms, educated in public schools, and were married in New York State. Charles M. DeKay gave his attention to his farming interests until 1876, when he moved to Bradford, Pennsylvania, and becamc a blacksmith in the oil fields. In 1881 he located at Olean, New York, and followed his trade and also looked after his extensive farming interests. He was a democrat in politics and a member of the Baptist Church. There were three sons: Albert B.; Harry M., a retired resident of New York State; and 0. M., of Defiance, Ohio. Albert B. DeKay spent the first ten years of his life on the home farm in New York, and then went with his parents to Bradford, Pennsylvania, where he continued his education in the public and high schools. He graduated from high school at Olean, New York, in 1885, and finished his education in Cornell University. Major DeKay was a prominent athlete in his younger years, and he followed professional baseball in the New York State League until 1902. In the meantime, beginning in 1889, he was in the service of the Erie Railroad Company at Olean, at first in the car service and later as chief clerk in the freight office. In March, 1887, he joined the Forty-third Separate Company, Olean, New York, served until April, 1898; was mustered into the Federal Service, Company I, Third Battalion, was discharged in November, 1898; reenlisted in the Forty-third Separate Company at Olean, New York, and serving until July, 1902, when he was discharged on account of removal from state. In June, 1902, Mr. DeKay came to Defiance, Ohio, and for several years represented a business house over the Northwest Ohio counties. He also conducted a tobacco and cigar store. In 1904 he organized a local company of the National Guard, and as its captain he went to the Mexican border on June 412 - HISTORY OF OHIO 19, 1916, and remained on duty there until March 22, 1917, when his company was ordered to Fort Riley, Kansas, for muster out. Early in the World war he was on guard duty at the munition plant at Cleveland, and on August 25, 1917, was ordered to Camp Sheridan, Alabama, for additional training. He remained there until March, 1918, when he was sent to Camp Dix, New Jersey, and on June 20, 1918, embarked for overseas, arriving at Brest, France, July 4, 1918. His company was assigned duty in the St. Mihiel campaign, and he was next transferred to the general headquarters at Chaumont, where he had charge of the officers, qualification cards. On December 6, 1918, he was sent to the First Army Headquarters, and in January, 1919, was detailed for other duty. On August 10, 1919, he sailed from Brest, landing at New York, August 21, 1919, and was mustered out at Camp Sherman, Ohio, on September 6. In January, 1920, Major DeKay organized a company for the One Hundred and Forty-seventh Ohio Infantry, and became its company commander. He was promoted to major, and resigned with that rank. Soon after the war he was appointed deputy county treasurer of Defiance County, and served until August 25, 1923, when he resigned to become postmaster of Defiance. In 1897 Major DeKay married Miss Minnie J. Simpson. They have one daughter, Marion E., born June 15, 1901. She is a graduate of high school, attended Defiance College two years and finished her education in the Lake Erie College at Painsville, Ohio. Major DeKay and family are members of the Episcopal Church. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason in the Valley of Toledo Consistory, and from June, 1920, to June, 1921, was eminent commander of Defiance Commandery No. 30, Knights Templar. He is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks Lodge No. 147. He is a past commander of the local post of the American Legion, and has been chairman of the Republican Central Committee and the Republican County Committee. JOHN SUMMERFIELD CHERRINGTON, M. D. A modern private hospital that is the best institution of the kind in Logan is the Cherrington Hospital, founded and owned by two brothers, both very able surgeons, Dr. John Summerfield Cherrington and Dr. Murat Halstead Cherrington. In 1908 Doctors Cherrington purchased the old Wright home, remodeled it, and by additions made it a thoroughly up-to-date hospital with all equipments and facilities. Dr. John S. Cherrington was born at Warsaw, in Benton County, Missouri, May 2, 1872, son of John Summerfield and Jennie (Owen) Cherrington. His parents were both natives of Gallia County, Ohio. His father was a Union soldier in the Civil war, being under General Thomas at the battle of Nashville. Soon after the war he moved out to Benton County, Missouri, but in 1874 returned to Gallia County. He was a farmer, was also county surveyor, and a man of prominence in his community. He was perhaps best known as a singing teacher. He frequently conducted as many as seven singing classes, attending them in rotation. He was one of the old time teachers who taught geography in song. He was also very religious and had charge of the song service of many Methodist revivals. He was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was a republican in politics, as were all the numerous members of the Cherrington family in Springfield Township of Gallia County. John S. Cherrington, Sr., died in 1916, at the age of eighty-one. His widow is now eighty years of age and lives with his daughter at Tampa, Florida. They had eight children, the two sons being John Summerfield and Murat Halstead, the latter named in honor of the famous New York editor. Dr. John S. Cherrington while a boy in Gallia County was an eager participant in all the activities of his environment. He played ball, enjoyed wrestling matches, drove a yoke of oxen working in the fields, but all the time his purpose was fixed upon a medical career, and through his own earnings he paid for his higher education. He attended school at Bidwell, near his old home in Gallia County, and later the Ewing Academy. Soon afterward he was appointed an attendant at the Hospital of the Insane at Athens, remaining there two years and twelve days. The latter half of that time he also carried on the study of medicine under Dr. O. W. Wood, and from Athens he enrolled as a medical student in Ohio State University, where he was graduated a Doctor of Medicine, April 6, 1897. Since then he has perfected his knowledge and skill in surgery by experience and by extended courses of study elsewhere. He did post-graduate work in surgery at the Royal Infirmary at Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1909, worked three consecutive years at Harvard University Medical School and two years at Johns Hopkins University Hospital, and in 1912 attended the New York Post Graduate College of Medicine. After graduating at Ohio State he began practice at Bidwell, and had an extensive general country practice there for eleven years. He then joined his brother at Logan, his brother having located there three years earlier, and they organized and established their private hospital. Nearly all their time is devoted to the hospital and to their large surgical practice. Dr. John S. Cherrington is a member of the County, Ohio State and American Medical associations, and was the first president of the Hocking County Medical Society, of which his brother, Dr. M. H., is now secretary. Dr. J. S. Cherrington is a Methodist, a republican and a member of the Knights of Pythias. His grandmother was a sister of Nancy Hanks, the mother of Abraham Lincoln. John S. Cherrington married in 1897 Genevieve Watts, daughter of J. C. Watts, of Gallia County. She died in 1902, leaving two sons, Owen and Homer. In 1914 Doctor Cherrington married Miss Irene I. Barker, daughter of Edwin Barker, of Logan. Dr. Murat Halstead Cherrington was born in Gallia County, in 1876, attended the common schools, the Rio Grande College and graduated from the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, in 1903. He did post-graduate work in surgery at the New York Post-Graduate College in 1911, 1912 and 1913, and in the Mayo Brothers Clinic in 1923. For fifteen months he practiced at Tupper Plains in Meigs County, and since 1904 has been in Logan. Recognizing the splendid opening for a private hospital, he asked his brother, Dr. John S., to join him, and soon afterward they established the Cherrington Hospital. Pr. M. H. Cherrington married Miss Leila Wilcox, of Columbus, in the year 1901. They are Methodists. While in college Dr. M. H. Cherrington played football and enjoyed the distinction of being chosen the greatest halfback of the middle west by the critics of that day. HARRY S. CORE, who is engaged in the practice of law at Columbus Grove, Putman County, and whose professional activities have included former service as prosecuting atorney of his native county, was born on a farm two miles east of Columbus Grove, and the date of his nativity was September 1, 1873. He is a son of David and Rebecca (Layton) HISTORY OF OHIO - 413 Core, both natives of Casville, West Virginia, where the former was born May 9, 1840, and the latter February 19, 1844. The parents were educated in private schools of West Virginia, which was at that time still a part of the mother state of Virginia, and after their marriage they settled on a farm in West Virginia, where they remained three years. They then came to Putnam County, Ohio, and settled on the farm which was the birthplace of their son Harry S. There they continued to reside until 1900, when they left the old homestead and moved to Columbus Grove, where Mrs. Core still resides, her husband having here died on the 24th of August, 1921, as one of the venerable and highly honored citizens of Putnam County. He was a republican in politics, and a member of the Presbyterian Church, as is also his widow. Of the eleven children eight are living : Olive is the wife of Daniel Tate ; George W. is vice president of the Peoples Bank of Columbus Grove ; Layton G. is a farmer in Riley Township, this county; Charles C. has the active management of the old home farm ; Fannie is the wife of Lindsley Morris, a farmer southeast of Columbus Grove ; Harry S., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Jacob G. is an automobile salesman at Columbus Grove ; and Bert V. is engaged in farm enterprise in Putnam County. Harry S. Core was reared on the home farm and attended the district schools until he had attained to the age of sixteen years. In 1890 he was a student in Crawford College, and thereafter he attended the Tri-State Normal School at Angola, Indiana. He gave four years of successful service as a teacher in the district schools, and advanced his academic education by attending the Northern Ohio Normal School at Ada. In preparing himself for his chosen profession he was for some time a student in the law .department of the Ohio State University and in 1902 he passed the examination which gained him admission to the bar of his native state. He has since been established in general practice at Columbus Grove save for the period of his effective service as prosecuting attorney of the county, an office which he held two terms-1916-1921. In the line of his profession he has served also as city solicitor of Columbus Grove for twenty years. He is a staunch advocate of the principles of the democratic party, and has been influential in its councils and campaign work in Putnam County. He is a past chancellor of the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias, and is affiliated also with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Knights of the Maccabees. In March, 1906, Mr. Core wedded Miss Anna Baxter, of Columbus Grove, and they have eight children, namely : William, Imogene, James, Harriet, Richard, David, Maurice and Medway. A. D. BAKER is one of the men of mechanical genius for whom the State of Ohio is noted. He has perfected a number of devices and processes of unusual interest and valuc in the world of mechanics. He is particularly well known as patentee of the Baker Locomotive Valve Gear. Mr. Baker is prominently identified with the commercial interests of Swanton, Ohio, where he resides. He was born in Knox County, Ohio, in 1861. Growing up on a farm, he attended common schools, and for a time lived in Illinois. On returning to Ohio he located in Richland County, and in 1876 moved to Lucas County, establishing his home near Swanton: He erected a machine shop and did general machine repairing for a number of years. His first important invention was a traction engine valve gear in 1907. It came into general use and made him a great deal of money. Later he invented the locomotive valve gear, a still more serviceable invention. Both these gears are manufactured by the Pilliod Company at Swanton. Mr. Baker and his son have patents on a steam tractor, which has demonstrated the possibility of being operated at a cost much cheaper than gas engines. Mr. Baker married Miss Ella Berkeybile, of Swanton. Their son, Louis, is a natural mechanic and finished his technical and scientific education in Ohio State University and is now associated with his father in business. Mrs. Baker is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. He is a republican in politics. Mr. Baker is a director of the Farmers and Merchants Deposit Company at Swanton, and is vice president of the A. D. Baker & Company, Incorporated, the president being John Christman and the secretary, Charles Christman, while the directors are Motz Lachbiehler, John Rohbasser, A. D. and L. R. Baker, Fred E. Pilliod, Mr. Searles and Mr. Reynolds. Mr. Baker is also a director in the Swanton Milling & Elevator Company, and is director and vice president of the Pilliod Company. PAUL J. ALSPAUGH, M. D. In his particular field of practice, tending toward special treatment of brain and nerve diseases, Dr. Paul J. Alspaugh, of New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas County, has gained well-merited distinction and reputation. His experience in this line has covered a period of eighteen years, during which he has occupied positions which have given him specialized first-hand knowledge of these disorders, and considerable research, investigation and experiments have furthered his equipment for his specialty. Doctor Alspaugh was born on a farm in Fairfield County, Ohio, December 23, 1878, and is a son of H. Edward and Sarah S. (Courtright) Alspaugh, who were born and reared in the same community and belongcd to old and highly respected familics of Fairfield County. The father was a 'son of Paul and Lavina (Weiser) Alspaugh, and they, too, were born and reared in Fairfield County. In the early days three Alspaugh brothers came from Somerset County, Pennsylvania, and in 1805 settled in Fairfield County, one of these being the great-grandfather of Doctor Alspaugh. They were of German lineage as were the Weiser family. Sarah S. (Courtright) Alspaugh was a daughtcr of John Courtright, commonly known as "Elder" John Courtright, as he was an elder in the Presbyterian Church and a prominent churchman. He was born in Fairfield County, and his father, Jesse Courtright, was a pioneer settler of that county, where he bought much land from the Indians. It has been handcd down as a family tradition that the largest sum ever paid an Indian was a quarter of a dollar. Jesse Courtright built a brick house and barn at a very early date in the history of the county, and both became pioneer landmarks, the house still standing. The barn attracted more attention than the house, as it was a very rare thing to build a barn of brick, and it was known far and near as "the brick barn" in Fairfield County. The Courtrights are descendants of a Pilgrim progenitor in America, who came over among the colonists on the Mayflower. Paul J. Alspaugh, the only son of his parents, but with two sisters, was reared on the home farm and received his early education in the rural schools, following which he pursued a course at the Lithopolis High School, from which he was duly graduated. He commenced his career as a teacher in the country schools, where he taught for two years, and then was a student for one year at Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. Entering then Starling Med- 414 - HISTORY OF OHIO ical College at Columbus, he completed the prescribed course and graduated therefrom in 1906. In that same year he became an assistant physician on the medical staff of the State Insane Hospital at Massillon, and remained there for thirteen years, being first assistant for the last six years of the period. In 1919 Doctor Alspaugh resigned his position at that institution and located at New Philadelphia, where he has since been in the general practice of his profession, tending toward special treatment of brain and nerve diseases. He is a member of the Tuscarawas County Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the American Psychiatric Association. He is a Royal Arch Mason, and in politics maintains an independent attitude. In June, 1919, Doctor Alspaugh was united in marriage with Miss Martha McCoy, who was born and reared in Harrison County, Ohio, and for several years was an attending nurse at the State Hospital at Massillon. JOSEPH P. CAIN has proved a versatile and popular factor in the development and conducting of Ohio summer resorts, and he has achieved special success in his active management of hotels and cottages at beautiful Mercelina Park on Grand Lake at Celina, Mercer County. He has developed in this magnificent resort park the new addition known as Pullman Bay. This splendid rcservoir of water covers 17,500 acres of land, was artificially created for public utility and resort purposes, and it may well be said that Grand Lake is one of the great and most popular of the manifold summer resorts of the Buckeye State. Mr. Cain is manager of the Mercelina Park Hotel, the Oaks Hotel and of the fine array of attractive and well equipped cottages which he has provided at the Pullman Bay annex to Mercelina Park. Adequate description of this resort and its manifold provisions and attractions may be had upon application to Mr. Cain, through correspondence or other mediums, his advertising literature giving all requisite information concerning hotel and cottage rates. Mr. Cain was born at Union City, Darke County, Ohio, in the year 1871, and is a son of the late John and Mary Cain, his father having been engaged in the grocery business at Union City at the time of his death. After his graduation from the Union City High School Mr. Cain devoted twelve years to the retail grocery business, and during the ensuing three years he conducted an undertaking business and livery at Union City. About twenty years ago Mr. Cain initiated his association with summer resort enterprise by opening a beautiful resort on Indian Lake. He conducted this popular resort with unqualified success for the long period of sixteen years. He then sold the property and business and came to Celina, Mercer County, where, in February, 1921, he opened Mercelina Park, with sixteen cottages. In 1924 he here opened the modern Mercelina Hotel, which has twenty guest rooms and the beautiful dining room of which is 50 by 70 feet in dimensions. The year 1924 records also the opening by him of the ten cottages of Pullman Bay Park, and these attractive cottages are constructed from Pullman railway cars which he purchased from the Pullman Company. The present year marks also the assumption by Mr. Cain of the management of the Oaks Hotel, on the south side of the lake, where he has also a number of cottages. He controls one of the finest bathing beaches on the lake, this being on an island in the middle of the great reservoir. Boating and fishing facilities are of the best order, and Mr. Cain spares no expense and effort in providing the best of accommodations and service to his guests in both hotels and cottages. He has available two motor boats, with accommodations for twenty-seven and twenty-five passengers respectively, and his battery of row boats numbers about fifty. Mr. Cain is an active member of the Kiwanis Club of Celina, he and his wife are communicants of the Catholic Church, and he is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus. In the year 1902 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Cain and Miss Margaret Schnell, daughter of John and Margaret Schnell, of Union City, this state, where she was reared and educated and where she was graduated from high school. Mrs. Cain proves an able coadjutor of her husband in the management of his resort enterprise, and her popularity is of unequivocal order. Mrs. Cain takes lively interest and part in outdoor sports, and for her exclusive equestrian use keeps a fine Arabian-bred horse. The business of Mr. Cain has so expanded in scope that. he has found it expedient to retain for the management of the Mercelina Hotel for the season of 1924 his nephew, Leo Durben. WILLIAM C. NEWMAN after leaving school began his business career as clerk in a drug store, subsequently graduated in pharmacy, and for nearly a quarter of a century has been proprietor of the leading drug business at Sherwood in Defiance County. Mr. Newman was born in Williams County, Ohio, November 11, 1875, son of Charles F. and Sarah S. (Scott) Newman. His father, a native of Mecklenberg, Germany, was four years of age when his parents came to the United States and established their home in Williams County, Ohio. He was reared there, acquired a. district school education, and his wife was a native of Williams County and grew up at Edgerton. After his marriage he located at Edgerton, and for many years was a conductor on the New York Central Railway Lines. After leaving the railroad he followed different employments and for some time was in the real estate business. He is now a resident of Sherwood. While at Edgerton he was affiliated with the Knights of Pythias Lodge. William C. Newman, only child of his parents, grew up at Edgerton, attended the public schools, and after graduating from high school he went to work as clerk in a local drug store. He was there two years, and for four years was with a drug store at West Unity, Ohio. After this practical training in the drug business he entered the pharmacy department of Ohio Northern University at Ada, graduated, and successfully passed the state examination and was given a license as a registered pharmacist. He then followed his profession one year at Lima, Ohio, and one year at Bryan, and in 1900 removed to Sherwood and bought a stock of drugs and has kept his business growing and prospering ever since. In 1901 Mr. Newman married Miss Estella Miller, a native of Sherwood. They have three children: Dene, a graduate of the Sherwood High School; Janice, born April 16, 1906, attending high school; and Elsie, born May 2, 1910. Mrs. Newman is a member of the Church of Christ. He is affiliated with Sherwood Lodge No. 620, Free and Accepted Masons, Defiance Commandery, Knights Templar, and in politics is a republican and is a member of the Town Council of Sherwood. ARTHUR SLAGLE, of Greenfield, is one of the Slagle Brothers whose names have become prominently identified with the lumber industry not only in Ohio but in the South and West. The Slagle Brothers are manufacturers of southern lumber, and are distrib- HISTORY OF OHIO - 415 utors through retail yards over several states, including Ohio. Arthur Slagle is a member of the firm in charge of the business at Greenfield and that vicinity. The Slagle Brothers started life without capital, made their industry and character the chief means of success, and today have high commercial ratings wherever they do business.   Arthur Slagle was born in Ross County, Ohio, May 28, 1874. His father was a farmer, and spent all his life in Ross County, but was buried at Greenfield. The grandfather of Arthur Slagle was Jacob Slagle, who was born in Virginia, in 1804, and spent his last years near Goodhope, Ohio. He married Elizabeth Eakle, who was born in 1804, her father, John Eakle, having been an officer in the War of 1812. The mother of the Slagle Brothers was Jennie Amanda Duff, who was born in Fayette County, Ohio, and died at Grandin, Missouri, in 1902, at the age of forty-nine.   Arthur Slagle after the death of his father was taken out to Southeastern Kansas, and he grew up there, attending school in Chetopa, Labette County, Kansas, and Grandin, Missouri. The Slagle Lumber Company of Greenfield, of which he is general manager, is owned by himself and his brothers, C. E. Slagle of Clarks, Louisiana, and W. C. Slagle of Lima, Ohio. C. E. Slagle is manager of the Louisiana Central Lumber Company, a $300,000.00 corporation, and is also a director of the White Grandin Lumber Company of Slagle, Louisiana, and is interested in the Forest Lumber Company of Oakdale, Louisiana. This company operates retail lumber yards in Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and Colorado. The Forest Corporation is capitalized at $1,750,000. The Slagle Brothers also have as additional interests, the Louisiana Saw Mill Company of Glenmora, Louisiana, and the Slagle Lumber Company of Lima, Ohio. Mr. Arthur Slagle is treasurer of the company of Lima, which is capitalized at $250,000 and operates lumber yards throughout Ohio.   Arthur Slagle is a republican in politics. He is affiliated with Greenfield Lodge No. 318, Free and Accepted Masons, Greenfield Chapter No. 133, Royal Arch Masons, Lafayette Council No. 100, Royal and Select Masters, Garfield Commandery, Knights Templar, at Washington Court House, the Scottish Rite Consistory and Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to Ringgold Lodge No. 90 of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Rotary and Country Clubs of Greenfield and is a trustee of the First Presbyterian Church. His first wife, Etta Bell Smith, a native of Greenfield, died at the age of thirty-two. His second wife was Mary Blanch Lowe, whom he married at Greenfield. She graduated from the Greenfield High School in 1915, and prior to her marriage taught school there. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church.   Mr. Slagle’s brother, C. E. Slagle, married Lottie Gardiner in Michigan in 1893, and has two children: Cletea Slagle, born in 1896, wife of John Edward Godfrey, whom she married April 20, 1920, at Clarks, Louisiana; and E. C. Slagle, born in 1899. The brother, W. C. Slagle, married Daisy Allison at Pittsburg, Kansas, and their three children are Roland Winfried, born in 1899, Roselie Janette, born in 1901, and Roy, born in 1904.   CHARLES F. SPECHT. Under the title of C. F. Specht Lumber Company this progressive citizen conducts and owns a substantial and important lumber business in his native city of Steubenville, Jefferson, County, where he was born April 10, 1883, a son of Charles and Katherine (Andregg) Specht. The former still maintains his home in Steubenville, but the latter passed away April 27, 1924. The father is retired after having been for many years engaged in the bakery and confectionery business in this city, where he is known and honored as a loyal and public-spirited citizen of sterling worth of character. Charles Specht was born in Germany, and he landed in the United States on the day of the assassination of President Lincoln, in 1865. He had learned in his native land the trade of baker and confectioner, and this trade he followed in the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, until 1877, when he came to Steubenville, where he has maintained his home during the long intervening years. His wife was a representative of a family that came from Switzerland to the United States in the ,60s. Of the two children Charles F., of this review, is the elder, and the younger is Louise, who is the wife of E. M. Irish and who had three children, Richard, deceased, Charles and Edwin.   Charles F. Specht gained his early education by consistent application to study in the public schools of Steubenville, then attended Kenyon Military Academy, Gambier, Ohio, and at the age of twenty-five years he completed an academic or literary course in historic old Washington and Jefferson College, in the State of Pennsylvania, of which institution he is a Phi Gamma Delta. For three years thereafter he was identified with steel construction work in connection with the building industry, and he then became associated with L. W. May in establishing a lumber business at Steubenville. Two years later he purchased his partner ,s interest, and he has since been the sole owner of the now large and prosperous business. He assumed this individual control of the plant and business in 1913, and in addition to conducting a well equipped lumber yard he has a planing mill and other accessories for the turning out of all kinds of finished lumber for the building trade. Mr. Specht has been virile and progressive not only in connection with his business affairs, but also as a citizen who takes deep interest in the welfare and advancement of his native city. In the World war period he here served as a member of the war board of the county and was active in the support of all patriotic service. He is a director of the Steubenville Mortgage Company, and is treasurer and a director of the Ohio Valley Savings & Loan Company. Mr. Specht is an active member of the local Chamber of Commerce and the Kiwanis Club. In the Masonic fraternity he is a Knight Templar, besides having advanced to and received the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite. He and his wife are communicants of St. Paul’s Protestant Episcopal Church in their home city.   January 20, 1914, recorded the marriage of Mr. Specht and Miss Helen Holdredge, of Los Angeles, California. Her father, Daniel Holdredge, died in the year 1921, and her mother, Mrs. Ida (Decker) Holdredge, is now a resident of Los Angeles. Mr. Holdredge is survived also by three children: Helen, who is the wife of Mr. Specht of this review; Miss Ruth, who remains with her widowed mother ; and Beatrice, who is the wife of C. P. Taylor, of Los Angeles. William, an adopted son of Mr. and Mrs. Holdredge, is now (1924) a student in the University of California. Prior to his removal to California Daniel Holdredge had been engaged in the furniture and undertaking business at Medina, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Specht have two children: Helen Louise and Charles Holdredge.   EDWARD F. AND JOSEPH V. LAWLER, JR. In journalistic circles of Carroll County a newspaper which has the respect of its contemporaries and the   416 - HISTORY OF OHIO   support of a large part of the reading publie is the Carroll Chronicle, owned and published at Carroll- ton by Edward F. Lawler and Joseph V. Lawler, brothers, and sons of the founder, who established this publication in 1871.   The grandfather of the Messrs. Lawler on the paternal side was Fenton Lawler, who was born in County Queens, Ireland, and came to the United States about 1830, his naturalization papers, still in the family possession, bearing the date of 1837. On the maternal side their great-grandfather was John McGregor, an educator, a graduate of the Uni- versity of Glasgow, Scotland, who established Wadsworth Academy at Wadsworth, Ohio. His son, Archibald McGregor, the grandfather of the Messrs. Lawler, was about eight years of age when brought by his parents to the United States, who after a short settlement in Ohio resided for a time in Vermont, but later moved back to Ohio, where Mr. McGregor married Martha McCurdy. Like his father, he was an educator, and prior to the days of the public school established the first private school at Canton, where one of the finest schools in the city now bears his name to keep fresh his memory as an educator. He also founded the Stark County Democrat at Canton, the newspaper now owned by former Gov. James Cox. His death occurred in 1902.   Joseph V. Lawler was born September 17, 1848, at Carrollton, where he received his education in the public schools. He was but eleven years of age when he started to learn the printer trade, but subsequently taught school for three terms in the winter. Eventually he went to Canton, then to Salem, Ohio, and later to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, working in job printing offices and on newspapers, finally returning to Carrollton, where in 1871 he founded the Chronicle. He was then the youngest editor and newspaper owner in the state. Two years later, in 1873, he was joined by his brother James F., who continued to be associated with him until 1914. Joseph V. Lawler has always taken a very active part in politics. A democrat, he has been a leading figure in the ranks of his party, a delegate to numerous conventions of all kinds, and was democratic candidate for Congress in 1902. During both terms of President Cleveland he served as postmaster of Carrollton, and in 1914 was appointed postmaster by President Wilson, holding that office nine years. At the time of his appointment he turned the Chronicle over to his two sons, and since the expiration of his term of office he has lived in retirement. Mr. Lawler married Miss Emma McGregor, who also survives, and to this union there were born seven children, namely: Edward F.; Martha, who married Homer Richards and had six children, John, Emma (who died at the age of eight years), Joseph, Mary, Tom and Martha; Mary, who married F. W. McCoy and has one child, Mary Margaret; Anna, who married W. A. Dorgan, and has three children, William, Catherine and Emma; Archie, who died at the age of four years; and Joseph V., Jr., and his twin, John M., the latter of whom married Caroline Stockon and has three children, John Virgil, Malcolm and Thomas, the latter two twins, who were born November 22, the same month and date as their father and uncle.   Edward F. Lawler attended the graded and high schools of Carrollton, where he was born August 13, 1873. Later he spent two years in the Ohio State University at Columbus, taking an academic course, and then returned to Carrollton and entered the newspaper office, where he learned the printer’s trade. He has been identified with the Chronicle office since 1897, and has been one of the owners of this newspaper since 1914. He is identified with a number of social and civic organizations and takes an active part in affairs at Carrollton. Mr. Lawler is unmarried.   Joseph V. Lawler, Jr., was born at Carrollton, November 22, 1889, and after graduating from the high school pursued a commercial course at Oberlin College. His first employment was as night agent for the Pacific Express Company at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, a position which he retained for two years, following which he took a position in the office of the state treasurer at Columbus, where he remained four years. In 1915 he returned to Carrollton, where he joined his brother Edward F. in taking over the Chronicle, .which they have conducted with increasing success to the present time. In connection with the paper there is conducted one of the most modern job printing offices in the state for a city of this size. Like his brother, Mr. Lawler is interested in everything that promises to be of benefit to Carrollton, and has shown himself a constructive and progressive citizen.   On November 24, 1913, Mr. Lawler was united in marriage with Rosella Stevenson, a daughter of James V. and Agnes (Craney) .Stevenson the latter of whom is living, while the former died in 1918. Mr. and Mrs. Stevenson had the following children: Regina, who married M. B. Collier, and .has two children, Regina and William ; Clara, who married Albin Schmuker ; James Fenton, who married Blanche Smith ; Marie, who married Earl Wicks; and Raymond V., who is single. Mr. Stevenson was the oldest conductor in service on the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, having put in forty-eight continuous years on the road. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Lawler ; Helen Patricia and Joseph V., III.   UNION CORWIN DE FORD was endowed with unusual gifts for organization and promotion, and the dominating feature of his career as an attorney has been his work in organizing banks and industrial companies and representing corporations as counsel and trial attorney.   Mr. De Ford, who for many years has been a member of one of the leading law firms of Youngstown, was born in Carroll County, Ohio, November 15, 1863. He is a descendant in the sixth generation from Jean De Ford, who was driven from his home in Southern France as a result of the persecution of the Huguenots. Coming to America about 1687, he settled in Kent County, Maryland. His father, Jean, was an American officer in the Revolutionary war and lost practically all his fortune during the war. His son John subsequently moved to Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and became owner of a gristmill. His son John De Ford was eighteen years of age when he went to Pennsylvania, and in 1811 he entered several tracts of land from the government in Carroll County, Ohio. However, for many years he remained a resident of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and kept a noted hotel or tavern. In 1832 he made permanent settlement in Carroll Bounty, and lived there until his death in 1873, at the age of 102 years. His first wife was Mary Hopwood, of Fayette County, Pennsylvania.   William De Ford, a son of John and Mary (Hopwood) De Ford, was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in 1807, and was liberally educated. In 1835 he settled' on a .farm in Carroll County, Ohio. He assisted the Union cause in the Civil war, and in 1861 was elected to the Legislature from Carroll County, and was again elected in 1862. He was a democrat until the war, afterward a republican, and was a member of the Methodist Protestant Church.   HISTORY OF OHIO - 417     He married Mary D. Williams, who was born in New Jersey in 1801.   Their son, John W. De Ford, was born in Carroll County, Ohio, May 29, 1840, was well educated and devoted all his active life to the management and cultivation of a fine farm. He spent his last days in Carrollton, where he died April 26, 1916. The wife of John W. Dc Ford was Elvira Croxton, a daughter of William and Mary (McGee) Croxton, the former of English and the latter of Scotch ancestry. William Croxton was born in West Virginia, in 1800, son of William Croxton, Sr., who brought his family to Carroll County, Ohio, in 1812, taking up government land. William Croxton, Jr., established the first pottery in Carroll County, and was a man of extensive business interests. He was a republican, an abolitionist, and one of the conductors of the underground railroad. He died in 1888. His wife, Mary McGee, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, and died in 1845. Mrs. John W. De Ford died in 1920, at the age of eighty-one. She was the mother of two sons, Union C. and. Walter O., the latter a prominent banker and business man of Carrollton, Ohio, an official in the Cummings Trust Company.   Union C. De Ford was reared in Carroll County, and began the study of Blackstone when only twelve years of age. In 1886 he was graduated with the Bachelor of Science degree from Mount Union College, and subsequently that institution conferred upon him the degree Master of Arts and Science. As a young man he had experience in the management of a telephone exchange, also built a brick plant and an electric light plant, and was successful in the practical, field of business as well as the law. He began the reading of law under Judge Robert Raley of Carrollton and under Judge Fimple, of Canton, and was admitted to the bar March 12, 1888. He practiced at Carrollton, and served as mayor and justice of the peace in that city. From 1894 to 1900 he was, probate judge of Carroll County, being elected as a republican. He was chairman of the Carroll County Republican Committee in 1890, when William McKinley was elected governor of Ohio. On March 12, 1903, Mr. De Ford moved to Lisbon, Ohio, where he became a member of the law firm of Billingsly, Clark & De Ford. On March 26, 1907, he established his law office at Youngstown, becoming associated with the well known law firm of Arrel-Wilson & Harrington, which is now Harrington, De Ford, Huxley & Smith.   Mr. De Ford while in Carroll County organized the J. P. Cummings Bank Company and the First National Bank, which in 1900 were consolidated as the Cummings Trust Company. He is a director in this organization. He is also interested in the Mahoning National Bank and the Commercial National Bank of Youngstown, is director and general counsel for the Youngstown Steel Car Company and the Wilkoff Company, and a director in the Realty Security Company, Pennsylvania Power & Light and Pennsylvania Power & Electric companies. He is division counsel for the Baltimore & Ohio Company. He was a trial attorney in a celebrated case in 1916 when the Republic Rubber Company was sued under the Sherman Anti-Trust Law, and he won the case in the Federal Court at Cleveland. In 1921 he was the member of his law firm that represented the plaintiff Stevens against the Columbia Tire & Rubber Company in a suit for the enforcement of a contract, resulting in a verdict for the plaintiff in the sum of over $400,000. As division counsel for the Baltimore & Ohio Mr. De Ford has charge of all the legal matters on the Newcastle Division, comprising twelve counties in Northern Ohio. Mr. De Ford in 1919 was appointed one of the executors of the estate of the Toledo banker, Gen. C. M. Spitzer.   In December, 1888, at Carrollton, he married Miss Eva Rue, a native of Carrollton, and daughter of Joseph L. Rue. She died December 19, 1912, leaving one son, John W. De Ford. On June 30, 1915, Mr. De Ford married Miss Grace. Whitecraft, a native of Carrollton, and daughter of Henry H. and Nancy (McLaughlin) Whitcraft. The two children of this marriage are: Sarah W., born November 9, 1916, and Mary Eloise, born January 10, 1921.   Mr. De Ford is a member of the First Presbyterian Church. He has served as master of the Masonic Lodge, high priest of the Royal Arch Chap- ter, and has taken eighteen degrees in Scottish Rite Masonry. He is a member of the Youngstown Lodge of Elks. In 1924 he was a delegate from the Mahoning County Bar Association to the American Bar Association which met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and which after their meeting went to London, England, on invitation from the English Bar Association, having been guests for a week of the latter body.   ASA HARVEY SYLER, M. D. In the highly prosperous rural community of Sugar Creek in Tuscarawas County the outstanding representative of the medical profession for over twenty years has been Dr. Asa Harvey Syler. He was born in Tuscarawas County, was a teacher for some years, and has earned a very creditable record in all the relations of a busy life.   He was born at Baltic, in Tuscarawas County, January 31, 1869, son of John and Catherine (Lint) Syler, the Syler family being of Belgian ancestry, while the Lints came originally from Switzerland. John Syler was born in Holmes County, Ohio, October 1, 1840, son of Thomas and Hosannah (Leader) Syler, natives of Pennsylvania. Catherine Lint was born in Tuscarawas County, May 20, 1845, and died February 4, 1921. Her parents, Daniel and Catherine (Klingaman) Lint, came from Pennsylvania. John Syler married Catherine Lint in 1863. They were devout members of the Church of the Brethren, or Dunkard, and John Syler has been a staunch republican. As a young man he followed the tanning trade, and for a time owned a tannery at Baltic. Later he was in the meat business, for forty years a buyer of live stock, and since 1890 has lived on a farm near Baltic. He and his wife reared six children : James A., public service director of the City of Canton; Elmer F., a farmer near Baltic ; Asa H.; Ellen, wife of N. A. Shrock, a farmer on the Syler homestead ; Charles G., a train despatcher for the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway at Massillon; and John J., a train despatcher with the Northern Pacific Railway at Jamestown, North Dakota.   Asa Harvey Syler was educated in public schools, and at the age of seventeen, taught his first term in a country district. His work as a teacher continued from 1885 to 1898. For a time he was superintendent of schools at Baltic and later at Green= town. In the meantime he had pursued summer courses in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, and began his professional preparations in the Ohio Medical University, now the medical department of the Ohio State University. He received his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1902, and after a year of practice in his home town of Baltic, located at Sugar Creek in 1903. He is engaged in general practice, and is a member of the County, State and American Medical associations.   Doctor Syler was county coroner from 1903 to 1905. Since 1914 he has been a member of the County School Board, being always deeply interested   418 - HISTORY OF OHIO   in educational problems. Since 1922 he has been president of the county board of health. Doctor Syler is a republican, is a member of the United Brethren Church and in Masonry he has taken the thirty-second degree in Scottish Rites, is a member of the Mystic Shrine and also belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.   Doctor Syler in 1890 married Mary Speelman. She died in 1915, the mother of three children: Joyce, who graduated in 1918 from the Domestic Science School at Battle Creek, Michigan, was a teacher for five years in Kentucky, and is a member of the graduating class of 1925 in the Ohio State University ; Orpha, wife of Lewis Froelich, of Sugar Creek ; and Frederick L., in college. Doctor Syler in 1916 married Mabel V. Putt. Prior to her marriage she had been principal of the high school at Sugar Creek for five years. She has always been an active worker in Sunday school and church, and is at present one of the officers of the Woman,s Missionary Society of the United Brethren Church, East Ohio Conference.   EVERETT FERGUSON, of Steubenville, judicial center of Jefferson County, is one of the successful mine owners and oil operators of this section of Ohio, and claims the old Keystone State as the place of his nativity.   Mr. Ferguson was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, November 19, 1879, a son of Cyrus and Mary E. (Smith) Ferguson, who are representatives of old and honored families of that Pennsylvania county and who now maintain their residence at Colorado Springs, Colorado. Mr. Ferguson is one of a family of six children, and concerning the others the following brief data are available: Walter D. married Eunice Hindman, and they have five children; Frances F. is the wife of James A. Bowers, and they have three children; Mary E. is the wife of J. J. Weir, and they have two children; Nancy F. is the wife of Charles Robinson, and they have one daughter ; Edward A. is married and resides at Weirton, West Virginia.   Cyrus Ferguson was but five years of age at the time of the death of his father, who had been one of the adventurous California argonauts of 1849, and he was reared and educatcd in his native state. He eventually became the owner of large tracts of land and other real estate in both Pennsylvania and Ohio, and on some of his holdings were developed coal mines. He sold some of his land to the Weirton Steel Company and the La Belle Iron Works Company, and later he became a successful developer of his coal lands, besides conducting large operations in the Hollidays Cove, West Virginia, oil field. He is still actively identified with coal and oil production, and is now a resident of Colorado, as previously noted. He was one of the originators of the project that led to the construction of the modern bridge that connects Steubenville, Ohio, with West Virginia, across the Ohio River, and was one of the seven principals in the consummating of this important public improvement. He is a Knights Templar Mason, and in the Scottish Rite of the time-honored fraternity he has received the thirty-second degree.   In the public schools of Pennsylvania Everett Ferguson continued his studies until he had profited by the curriculum of the high school at McDonald, and thereafter he was for two years a student in the Kiski Preparatory School at Saltsburg, that state, where he completed a general business course. After leaving school he was for a time associated with the Jefferson Glass Company at Steubenville, Jefferson County, Ohio, and he then became allied with his father ,s coal and oil development activities, with which he continued to be idcntified until 1920, when his father sold out his interests in this line and removed to Colorado. He has since been actively identified with the coal and oil industry in an independent way, and as an operator and lessee he has control of valuable properties in Harrison and Belmont counties, Ohio. He is the executive head of the Unity Coal Corporation and is a successful operator in both coal and oil production. He has supervision also of his father 's properties and industrial interests. In his home city he is a director of the Steubenville Bank & Trust Company. Here also he is treasurer. of the Rotary Club and vice president of the Steubenville Country Club, besides being a member of the Century Club. In the Masonic fraternity he has received the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He and his wife are active members of the First Presbyterian Church of Steubenville, of which he is a trustee.   In August, 1906, at McDonald, Pennsylvania, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Ferguson and Miss Emma E. Potter, daughter of Curtis R. and Elizabeth (Thompson) Potter, the former of whom is deceased. In the earlier part of his business career Mr. Potter followed milling enterprise, and thereafter he was engaged in the grocery business. He served as a gallant soldier of the Union in the Civil war, and was an honored and veteran member of the Grand Army of the Republic at the time of his death, in October, 1917, his widow being still a resident of Pennsylvania. Of the four children Mrs. Ferguson is the youngest; Mary W., deceased, was the wife of John Campbell, and they had two children; Celia is the wife of B. H. Bristle, and they have one son; and Miss Lila remains with her widowed mother. Mr. and Mrs. Ferguson have one son, Everett, Jr., who was born August 12, 1910.   FRANK ETHERINGTON POMERENE. For many years the bar of Coshocton has been noted as a body of unusually able men, and among them no one bore more fully the mark of intellectual supremacy than the late Frank Etherington Pomerene, who at the time of his death, June 1, 1919, was accounted one of the ablest corporation lawyers in the State of Ohio.   Mr. Pomerene was born at Coshocton, Ohio, March 25, 1868, a son of Julius C. and Irene (Perky) Pomerene. At the age of seventeen he was graduated from the Coshocton High School, with honors. In 1891 he received his Bachelor of Philosophy degree from Ohio State University. The next two years he served as secretary to Gen. A. J. Warner, who was constructing the Toledo, Walhonding Valley Railroad. In 1895, after receiving his Bachelor of Laws degree, he entered the firm of Pomerene & Pomerene of Coshocton. He gained distinction as an able lawyer beyond local surroundings, and had a large practice in the various courts of Central Ohio. To whatever field in the profession he turned his attention his innate thoroughness, enthusiasm and determination to excel placed him in the front ranks, and perhaps these very qualities led to the shortening of his valuable life.   Frank Pomerene organized most of the larger corporations in Coshocton, and had charge of their legal affairs. He was the leading spirit in obtaining the Carnegie Library, and for many years served on its Board of Trustees.   In 1905, ten years aftcr his graduation in law, Governor Herrick appointed him a member of the Board of Trustees of Ohio State University.   On February 22, 1923, the trustees of Ohio State University, dedicated the Woman’s Building, Pom-   HISTORY OF OHIO - 419   erene Hall, "as a memorial to a beloved comrade, a distinguished alumnus—a man who gave his heart and soul to the betterment of the University." The University honored him by an election to membership of Phi Beta Kappa in 1911.   Mr. Pomerene married in 1896 Miss Mary Elizabeth Wilson, a daughter of James S. and Sarah (Hay) Wilson. As was her husband, she is a member of the Presbyterian Church. In political sentiment he was a democrat. His gentleness and tenderness of heart radiated blessings all along life’s way. Everywhere he went, and in everything he did, his strong personality was felt, and the world is better for his having lived in it.   RUDOLPH A. MACK, lawyer and inventor, is one of the most prominent leaders of the dry forces in Ohio. Rudolph A. Mack with the exception of a few years has practiced law in his native city of Gallipolis for a quarter of a century, and his varied activities have made him one of the best known citizens of Ohio.   He was born in Gallipolis June 2, 1873, son of Charles E. and Wilhelmina (Vollborn) Mack. All his grandparents came from Germany, the Vollborns from Leipsic. His maternal grandparents were Christian and Caroline Vollborn, who came to this country early in the last century. Charles and Wilhelmina Mack, his paternal grandparents, came to the United States in 1842 and were married in America. Wilhelmina Vollborn Mack is now eighty-six years of age. Charles E. Mack, who died in 1911, was in the general merchandise business at Gallipolis for fifty-three years, being one of the oldest merchants in that city when he died. During the Civil war he was a member of the Home Guards, and helped defend his community against the northern raiders. Always intensely interested in the welfare of his home locality, he was never in party politics, though once he accepted the nomination for alderman on the independent ticket, and was twice elected to that office, refusing to run a third term. He was a member of the Lutheran Church. He and his wife have eight children : Chris, who married Lula Geisler and has a son, Charles E.; Martin, who died young ; Carrie, widow of Fred Cromley, her only child, Fred, being also deceased ; Minnie, who married Harry Stockhoff and had one child, Charles Janes; Charlie M., who married Amelia Roberts; Dr. Gustave A., who married Marion Kelley; Augusta, widow of William Slaymaker, and of their three children, Jewell and William are deceased, and the surviving daughter is Wilamina ; and Rudolph A.   Rudolph A. Mack attended the high school at Gallipolis to the age of fourteen, and for two years pursued the academic course in Gallipolis, Ohio, at the Gallia Academy, and one year in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. Following that he became associated with his father in the general merchandise business under the name of Charles Mack & Son, and he gave five years of his young life to that work. Taking up the study of law at the Cincinnati Law School, he was admitted to the bar in 1899, and, remaining in Cincinnati, became associated with Charles Blackburn, then the leading criminal lawyer in the state. He remained with Mr. Blackburn until the death of the latter a year and one-half later, and continued an individual practice in Cincinnati for another year. Returning to Gallipolis, he opened his law office in 1903, but in 1911 he and A. O. Dickey, prosecuting attorney of Gallia County, established offices in Cincinnati and were associated there in practice for a year and a half. Since then Mr. Mack has concentrated his attention on his law business over the State of Ohio, with offices at Gallipolis, Ohio, and other points.   During his second period of practice at Cincinnati he became interested in party politics. He was manager of Senator Foraker ,s state campaign. Following that he took charge of the dry forces in Hamilton County for the Anti-Saloon League for two years. He became a great admirer of Frank B. Willis while Mr. Willis was attracting early attention in Ohio in republican politics. Mr. Willis, after being elected governor, failed to keep some of his promises to Mr. Mack, resulting in the desertion of Mr. Mack from the Willis forces. The matter had a far-reaching importance, since it practically defeated Mr. Willis as a candidate for reelection. Through the Anti-Saloon Dry Movement Mr. Mack controlled a large vote, and he himself came out as a candidate for governor on the dry ticket, the vote given him being responsible for the defeat of Mr. Willis. Mr. Mack subsequently promoted and organized the law enforcement league of the State of Ohio on a bone dry platform, and fought the exceptions in the Anti-Saloon,s amendment to allow intoxicating liquors to be manufactured for medicinal, sacramental and scientific uses. His organization defeated this amendment, which would have thrown the state wide open to bootlegging. In 1922 Mr. Mack was a prominent factor as manager of the campaign of Homer C. Durand for governor on a platform to allow light wines and beers. There were nine candidates in the field, but Durand was third highest among the candidates.   Mr. Mack has a general law practice, and handles a number of important criminal cases outside of Gallia County. For many years one of his hobbies has been experimenting in the field of mechanics. He recently secured a patent on what is known as the wonder wagon, the manufacture of which promises to bring in large returns. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, Woodmen of the World, United Commercial Travelers and National Union.   At Cincinnati, March 9, 1901, Mr. Mack married Miss Edith Stith, daughter of David and Florence Stith. She, like her husband, is the youngest child of her parents. Among the other children were Steve; Cabbell, deceased; Ava, wife of Franklin Dudley ; and Horace. Her father was a noted Kentucky farmer and horseman, owning extensive bodies of land in the Kentucky Blue Grass district. He served as an officer in the Confederate Army during the Civil war, and was once wounded in battle. For many years he was called by the affectionate title of "General." In politics he was the staunch friend of Senator Breckenridge in all his political aspirations. General Smith owned more than twelve hundred acres of land, and was a breeder of some of the fine horses for which the blue grass section of Kentucky is famous. His favorite recreation was fox hunting, and during his last fox hunt he contracted a bad cold, which developed into pneumonia. Mr. and Mrs. Mack have one daughter, Polly.   GEORGE A. BAIR is one of the venerable native sons of Jefferson County who has always maintained his home within its borders, besides which he represented the county as a gallant young soldier of the Union in the Civil war. He has long been one of the substantial and honored business men of Steubenville, his home being on his attractive rural estate near Steubenville, and his unqualified loyalty to and appreciation of his native county have found specially effective expression in his service as a member of the Board of County Commissioners, to which he was elected in 1920, and in which he is proving himself   420 - HISTORY OF OHIO   a staunch supporter of progressive policies, the while he is equally urgent in upholding a wisely economical administration of the financial affairs of the county.   Mr. Bair was born in Steubenville, this county, on the 24th of September, 1845, and is a son of the late John and Margaret (Hobler) Bair, the former of whom died in 1889 and the latter in 1901, venerable in years and loved by all who had come within the sphere of her influence. The subject of this review is the youngest of eight children : Adam, dead; James, who married Catherine Hill, and had three daughters, Lora, Alice and Katie; Katherine became the wife of Erric Johnson and the mother of one child ; Elizabeth became the wife of Ernest Miller, and they had children whom they reared to adult age; Margaret became the wife of W. Pemar, and they had one child; Loretta is the wife of Andrew Nickolson and is the mother of three children, Cora, Elizabeth and Willard.   John Bair was engaged in the meat-market business at Steubenville for many years, and was pre-. paring to open a market in the City of St. Louis, Missouri, when he was taken ill and there died. He was a son of John Bair and a representative of a family that was founded in Ohio in the pioneer days as was also the Hobler family. Mrs. Bair was born in Virginia, a daughter of Adam Hobler, and was an infant of one year at the time of the family removal to Ohio.   The common schools of his native county, including the village school at Unionport, afforded George A. Bair his early education, and he was thereafter employed in his father ,s meat market until the outbreak of the Civil war. He was under the prescribed age for enlistment without parental consent, but his youthful loyalty and patriotism finally overcame the objections of his parents, and, at the age of eighteen years he volunteered and was duly enlisted as a member of Company G, Thirteenth Ohio Cavalry, with which he saw two years of active service and in which he was promoted from private to orderly sergeant. He took part in the battle of the Wilderness and that of White House Landing, and was with his command at the capturing of Petersburg, Virginia, by the Union forces. He participated in eight major battles, but the most of the service of his gallant cavalry command was in the line of skirmishing. Mr. Bair has retained the deepest of interest in his old comrades, and has signalized this by his active affiliation with the Grand Army of the Republic.   After receiving his honorable discharge from the army Mr. Bair returned home, and .during the long intervening years he has been continuously and successfully engaged in the meat business at Steubenville, where he now confines his attention to the wholesale trade, which he had previously conducted in connection with his retail business. He retired from the retail business in 1918.   Mr. Bair is aligned loyally in the ranks of the republican party, and it was on its ticket that he was elected a county commissioner in the year 1920. The estimate placed upon his service was shown in his reelection in 1922, and the November election of 1924 is virtually certain to retain him in this office. He and his family hold membership in the Congregational Church.   In 1866 Mr. Bair wedded Miss Matilda Dougherty, who is survived by five children: Jessie, Charles, Harry, William and Madison. Two deceased children were Lizzie and Sallie. In 1898 occurred the marriage of Mr. Bair and Miss Bella McCauslen, daughter of Col. Thomas McCauslen, a leading lawyer of his day at Steubenville. William, eldest of the four brothers of Mrs. Bair, was engaged in the practice of law at Steubenville at the time of his death. The other brothers, Edwin, George and Thomas, are living, as are also three sisters, Mrs. Jennie Shryock and Misses Clara and Marie.   ROBERT E. RILEY, M. D., has not found it necessary or desirable to go outside his native city and county in finding a field for successful professional achievement, and he is distinctly one of the able and representative physicians and surgeons of Mercer County, at whose judicial center, the City of Celina, he has been engaged .in the practice of his profession for fully thirty years, during sixteen of which he also owned and conducted one of the leading drug stores of the city. By many post-graduate courses the doctor has supplemented his continuous study, and has kept in very close touch with the advances made in medical and surgical science and practice.   Doctor Riley was born at Celina on the 12th of March, 1863, and is a son of Calvin and Gabriella (Brandon) Riley, the while he is a scion of one of the honored and influential pioneer families of Mercer County. His paternal grandfather, James W. Riley, was not only one of the early settlers of this county but also had the distinction of being the virtual founder of the City of Celina, the county seat. He platted the original townsite and was a leader in the initial development and progress of the city. He was one of the best known and most honored pioneer citizens of Mercer County at the time of his death.   Calvin Riley manifested in his career the same fine civic loyalty and public spirit as had his father, and he was organizer of the Cemmercial Bank of Celina, this being the oldest banking institution of the city and he having served as its president until the time of his death, besides which he had other large and important business and property interests in the city and county. Both he and his wife passed away when well advanced in years.   That Dr. Robert E. Riley made good use of the advantages afforded in the local schools was demonstrated in his several years of successful service as a teacher in the public schools, principally in the rural districts of his native county. In the great western metropolis he was graduated in the Chicago College of Pharmacy as member of the class of 1889, and this experience led him to extend his studies and prepare himself for the more exacting profession of medicine. In the City of Chicago he was graduated in the celebrated Rush Medical College in 1893, and since thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he has continuously been engaged in the successful practice of his profession at Celina, where, as before stated, he also conducted a drug store during a period of sixteen years. In 1919 he took special post-graduate courses in diagnosis and clinical bacteriology in the Chicago Post-Graduate Medical College, and prior to this, in 1894, he had taken a special post-graduate course on diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of children, as well as a course in anesthetics. In Rush Medical College he took a post-graduate course on the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, and in a general way it may readily be seen that his fine professional stewardship is reinforced by the most thorough training for his earnest and faithful ministrations as a physician and surgeon. His well appointed and equipped offices, of four rooms, are at 110 1/2 East Market Street. The Doctor is one of the loyal and influential members of the Mercer County Medical Society, and has membership also in the Ohio State Medical Society. By the late and lamented President McKinley Doctor Riley was appointed a member of the government board of   HISTORY OF OHIO - 421   pension examining surgeons for Mercer County, and of this office he continued the incumbent sixteen years. He is now serving as medical examiner for the Midland Mutual Life Insurance Company, the Union Central Insurance Company, the Missouri State Life Insurance Company, and the Woodmen of the World, of which fraternity he is an active member. In the Masonic fraternity the Doctor has received the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, besides being a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, and he is affiliated also with the Knights of Pythias.   In April, 1894, was recorded the marriage of Doctor Riley and Miss Addie Brandon, daughter of the late Joel K. and Anna (Goodall) Brandon, of Cclina, whcre the father was long engaged in the general merchandise business. Doctor and Mrs. Riley are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, he is a stalwart republican, and Mrs. Riley is affiliated with the Order of the Eastern Star. Doctor and Mrs. Riley have two children, Dr. Horatio, who is a graduate of the Ohio College of Dental Surgery at Cincinnati; and Joel K., who was graduated from the Celina High School as a member of the class of 1924, and is now a student in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.   GEORGE A. STAUFFER. One of the most prominent men in the republican party in Putnam County, Ohio, is George A. Stauffer of Ottawa. Mr. Stauffcr is a newspaper owner and publisher, a former secretary of agriculture of Ohio, and the present United States marshal for the Northern District of Ohio.   He was born on a farm in Perry Township, Putnam County, April 14, 1874, son of Abraham D. and Annie E. (Seigler) Stauffer. His parents were natives of Washington County, Maryland, where his father was born April 16, 1842, and his mother in January, 1848. They were rearcd and educated in that section, the mother a graduate of high school and subsequently a teacher until her marriage. The father entered the Union Army, serving as a bugler, and was with the troops under Seridan in the famous Battle of Winchester. They lived on a farm for sevcral years in Maryland, and in March, 1874, moved to Putnam County, Ohio, locating in Perry Township, where they lived until the father ,s death on July 4, 1922. The father was an elder in the Dunkard Church and a republican voter. He and his wife had eight children: John L., a farmer in Paulding County; Henry S., a farmer in Perry Township of Putnam County ; George A.; Bertha E., wife of Abraham Miller, living on a farm near Flint, Michigan; Clara B., wife of Daniel Wellcr, of Paulding County ; Wilford J., of Edgerton, Ohio : Emma J., wife of Hugh Kraft; and Susie M., a teacher in the public schools.   George A. Stauffer was reared on his father ,s farm in Putnam County, attended public schools and for several years followed the carpenter ,s trade. On December 23, 1900, he married Grace G. Varner, a high school graduate and a graduate of the Tri-State Normal College at Angola, Indiana. Mr. and Mrs. Stauffer have a family of nine children: Audrey G., a graduatc of the Ottawa High School and of the Ohio Weslcyan University, and a teacher in the Ottawa High School; Mildred, a graduate of the Ottawa High School with the class of 1923, and is in her sccond year at the Ohio Wesleyan University; George A., a graduate of the Ottawa High School and a cadet in the Military Academy at West Point ; Lila, a student in the Ottawa High School; Glenna, Louise and Frank B., all students in the public schools, while the younger childrcn are Albert R. and Alice. Mrs. Stauffer is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.   Mr. Stauffer is prominent in Masonry, being a member of Ottawa Lodge, Ancient Frce and Accepted Masons, the Royal Arch Chapter and Council, the Knights Templar Commandcry and Scottish Ritc Consistory, and is a past grand of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks Lodge No. 75. He and his wife are members of the Eastern Star and Rebekahs.   Mr. Stauffer served as secretary of agriculture of Ohio under Governor Frank B. Willis and also under Governor James M. Cox. He has been a member of the Eastern Ohio Normal School Commission, and early in President Harding,s administration was appointed United States marshal for the Northern District of Ohio. He has been a member of the local executive committee of the republican party, served six years on the State Central committees for the Fifth District, and for fourteen years has been chairman of the Republican County Committee. In a business way Mr. Stauffer owns and looks after four of the good farms of Putnam County. He is in the loan business, and is proprietor of the Ottawa Gazette, one of the oldest papcrs in Putnam County.   JAMES BLAINE COLLINS, D. D. S., who is successfully established in the practice of his profession in the City of Celina, judicial center of .Mercer County, was born at Mendon, this county, on the 26th of May, 1884, and is a son of Judge Franklin S. and Alvira (Murlin) Collins, the former of whom was a resident of Celina at the time of his death and the latter of whom still resides in this city. Judge Franklin S. Collins gave long and effective service as judge of the Probate Court of Merccr County, and for a number of years prior to his death had been engaged in the oil producing business.   In the public schools of his native county Dr. James B. Collins continued his studies until his graduation from the Celina High School in 1903. In preparation for the profession of his choice he entered the Ohio College of Dental Surgery in thc City of Cincinnati, and in this excellent institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1906. After thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery he was engaged in practice about three years in his native Village of Mendon, and thereafter he maintains his residence and professional headquarters at New Lebanon, Miami County, until 1919. He has since been engaged in practice at Celina, and has status as one of the representative dental practitioners of his native county. For his laboratory and operative departments Doctor Collins maintains a suite of five large rooms at 1251/2 South Main Street, and the equipment of his offices is of the best modern standard in all details, including an Adams X-ray machine, Peerless Harvey dental chairs, Weber Unity with Ritter dental engine, S. S. White sterilizer and the most approved facilities and accessories in both the operative and laboratory departments. His reputation for fine workmanship constitutes one of his best professional assets, and his practice is of distinctly representative order. The doctor is an active member of the Mercer County Dental Society, the Northwestern Ohio Dental Society, the Ohio State Dental Society, and the National Dental Association. He has insistently kept abreast of the advances made in his profession, and in the City of Chicago took a post-graduate course in the Dental School of Northwestern University. Doctor Collins is a republican in political adherency, is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, and in their   422 - HISTORY OF OHIO   home city he and his wife have membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church.   In the year 1905 was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Collins and Miss Melissa Newcomb, daughter of William E. and Melinda (Carpenter) Newcomb, of Celina. Doctor and Mrs. Collins have four children Ellis F., aged sixteen years; Ronda G., aged thirtecn; A. Daniel, aged seven; and James Ray, aged two years. The eldest son is a member of the class of 1925 in the Celina High School.   FREDERICK WHITING AVERY, proprietor of thc Avery Inn at Wauseon, is one of Ohio 's noted hotel men, and is also proprietor of one of the largest collie dog breeding farms.   Mr. Avery was born at Youngstown, Ohio, September 15, 1884, son of Rev. Fred and Ione (Lester) Avery. His father was a graduate of the General Theological Seminary of New York, and became a noted minister in Ohio. Frederick W. Avery was reared in the vicinity of Painesville and Youngstown Ohio, was educated in the Kenyon Military Academy and graduated Bachelor of Science from Kenyon College. He first engaged in the hotel business at Sturgcon Bay, Wisconsin, and subsequently bought the Jefferson Hotel at Bryan, Ohio. He continued the active management of the hotel at Bryan for four years, and still owns that property. On moving to Wauseon hc bought the Blair Hotel, and after extensive remodeling named it the Avery Inn, one of the most popular hotels in Northwest Ohio. He also owns the Jefferson Apartments at Bryan, Ohio. His dog farm is known as the Jeffcrson White Collie Kennels, the largest establishment devoted to the breeding of white collie dogs in the world. His farm comprises 160 acres, and he has an average of about 400 dogs.   Mr. Avery while at Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, married Miss Delia Jenkins, of that city. She was a graduate of the parochial schools of Sturgeon Bay. They have one son, Frederick Burt Avery. Mr. Avery is a republican in politics.   WILLIAM H. TEDROW, present county superintendent of schools of Fulton County, was born in that county, and has made an enviable reputation as an educator.   He was born on a farm in Clinton Township, a mile west of Wauseon, February 17, 1894, son of Reasin Isaiah and Cora (Pocock) Tedrow.   The Tedrow family were among the earliest pioneer settlers of Clinton Township, Fulton County, Isaac and Elizabeth Tedrow moving there with their family in 1836 from Holmes County, Ohio. Isaac Tedrow helped build the first log schoolhouse in the community, and of the six pupils first enrolled in that school five of them were his children. One of these was Isaiah Tedrow, grandfather of the county superintendent of schools. Isaiah Tedrow married Phoebe Cornell, and of their children one was Reasin Isaiah Tedrow, who was born in Fulton County in 1857, and was educated in the public schools. After his marriage he farmed on the shares, and in 1880 acquired a place of his own, where he and his wife still live. He is a member of the Methodist Church, the Modern Woodmen of America, and has served as township supervisor. He is a republican. Reasin Isaiah Tedrow married in 1879 Columbia Bland, who died three months later. In 1882 he married Cora Pocock, daughter of Jesse and Susanne (Robinett) Pocock. Three children were born to their marriage: Bessie, a graduate of the Wauseon High School and a former teacher in Wauseon, is now the wife of Rev. L. D. Fauver, of Archbold, Ohio; Jesse Frank, who was educated in the grammar and high schools, is a farmer in Clinton Township, and married Levina Ziegler; and William H.   William H. Tedrow was reared on the home farm, attended public schools, and is a graduate of the Wauseon High School and of the Michigan State Normal College at Ypsilanti. He received the Bachelor of Arts degree at Ypsilanti. For two years he did work as a teacher, and thcn answered the call to the colors at the time of the World war. He was with his command in France and was a corporal. After returning to the United States he resumed his work as an educator, and for three years was principal of the high school in Detroit and for one year he was supervisor of English in the Battle Creek public schools in Michigan. He then returned to Wauseon, and was elected county superintendent of public schools.   He married Miss Fleta M. Lunn, of Battle Creek, Michigan. They are mcmbers of the Presbyterian Church. He is a Royal Arch and Council degree Mason, and a republican in politics.   C. J. EHRGOOD, cashier of the Liberty State Savings Bank at Liberty Center in Henry County, is a thorough going business man, and for a long period of years was identified with the creamery business, a work which he took up soon after finishing his education.   Mr. Ehrgood was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, August 8, 1865, son of Daniel and Louisa (Alspaugh) Ehrgood. His father was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, March 6, 1831, and his mother in Fairfield County, Ohio. Daniel Ehrgood had a common school education, and as a young man moved to Fairfield County, where he married and lived for several years at Basil, where he workcd in a store. In 1868 the family moved to Henry County and locatcd on a farm, and the father occupied that one place for over half a century. He died February 7, 1924, at the age of ninety-one years. The mother died in 1910. They were members of the Methodist Church, and in politics Daniel Ehrgood followed the fortunes of the republican party from its organization. There are two children, the daughter being Verdilla, a graduate of high school and formerly a teacher, now the widow of A. Z. Bryan, living at Liberty Center.   C. J. Ehrgood spent his early life on the farm in Henry County, and after graduating from high school attended the Northern Indiana Normal College at Valparaiso. His early training and experience in the creamery business were acquired in Pennsylvania, where he remained three years. He was connected with the creamery at Ada, Ohio, and for sixteen years had charge of the plant at Napoleon. After leaving Napoleon he moved to Liberty Center, and for four and one-half ycars was in the grocery business there. On June 1, 1923, he became cashier of the local bank. The other officers of this institution are : A. M. Fish, president; H. W. Bressler, vice president; L. R. Bowers, assistant cashier ; and 0. L. Miller, D. Leist, Ira Free and P. E. Johnson, directors.   Mr. Ehrgood is the father of two children, Thelma, a graduate of high school, and Keith, attending high school. He and his farmily are members of the Presbyterian Church at Napoleon, and he is a past master of Liberty Center Lodge No. 518, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, is a past high priest of Holly Chapter No. 136 Royal Arch Masons, and is a republican in politics.   EZRA NEUHAUSER is one of the young men of enterprise who have taken up a comparatively new profession and business, that of hatching chicks, and   HISTORY OF OHIO - 423   is one of the phenomenally successful mcn in that business. He is proprietor of the Neuhauser Chick Hatcheries at Napoleon and Ridgeville Corners, Henry County, and is interested in hatcheries elsewhcre.   Mr. Neuhauser began this business in an experimental way while a country merchant in Fulton County, Ohio. He was born at Berne, Indiana, March 10, 1893, son of Jacob and Rosanna (Steiner) Neuhauser. His boyhood days were spent on his father 's farm northwest of Berne, and he attended the schools of French Township in Adams County, Indiana. He was on the farm until eighteen, and then followed several different lines of occupation until he was twenty-two, when he located at Archbold, Fulton County, Ohio. For a year and a half he clerked in a dry goods store there, and then with modest capital and experience started a littlc dry goods store of his own at Ridgeville Corners in Henry County. There in 1918 he had his first season,s experience in the commercial chick hatchery business, and the business grew so rapidly and demanded so much of his time that after a season or two he sold his store and found his time fully occupied in enlarging his plant and keeping up with the demands of an extensive trade. He still maintains his hatching plant at Ridgeville Corners, and in February, 1923, he moved to Napoleon and built another plant there. For the scason of 1923 he handled nearly a million day-old chicks from his hatchery. lie is a stockholder in a hatchery at Archbold and also at Pioneer, Ohio.   Mr. Neuhauser married on April 4, 1915, Miss Priscilla Rupp, who was born at Archbold, in 1892, and was educated in the public schools of Fulton County. They have three children: Verile Marcell, born in August, 1916; Helen M., born in March, 1917; and Harold R., born in May, 1920. Mr. Neuhauser and family are members of the Mennonite Church, and in politics he is a republican.   ORRA L. WATKINS. Representing one of the oldest and most honored families in Fulton County, Orra L. Watkins, an ex-service man of the World war, was given the important honor and responsibility of the office of county auditor when he was only thirty years of age. He fills that office, his home being at the county seat, Wauseon.   Mr. Watkins was born on a farm in Fulton County, September 26, 1892. Members of the Watkins family settled in Fulton County during the decade of the ,40s. His grandparents, James Holiday and Nancy (Kimmel) Watkins, were married in Wayne County, Ohio, and in 1850 settled in Lorain County. In 1853 they moved to Swan Creek Township of Fulton County, where they made a farm. James H. Watkins died in 1893 and his wife in 1903.   One of their ten children is Kimmel K. Watkins, who was born in Fulton County in 1859. He acquired a common school education and began work for himself at the age of thirteen. For four years he and his family lived in Northcrn Illinois, where he followed the trade of broom maker and also worked at farming. Kimmel K. Watkins from 1892 to 1910 was a farm renter in Fulton County, and then bought the farm where he and his wife now reside in Fulton Township. They are active members of the Methodist Church, and all the family are members of the Grange. He is a republican, has been justice of the peace, township trustee and school director, and has always shown a public spirited interest in matters of the community welfare.   Kimmel K. Watkins married, July 16, 1884, Tillie J. Richardson, a native of Fulton County and daughter of George H. and Laura (Blake) Richardson. To their marriage were born six children: Earl L., a graduate of the Delta High School, and a farmer and teacher in Fulton County ; Ethel, who died at the age of thirteen; Opal, wife of George Mason; Orra L.; Ross L., who served with the Eighty-third Division in France during the World war ; and Dorr C., who is a graduate of the Fulton Township High School and lives on a farm in Fulton County.   Orra L. Watkins was reared in Fulton County, and graduated from the Fulton Central High School. For threc years hc was a teacher, and at the time of the World war he was with the colors seven months, being trained as a soldier at Camp Taylor at Louisville, and at Camp Pike in Arkansas. After the close of the war he was elected county auditor of Fulton County. He is a republican in politics, is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, and is an active membcr of the Church of Christ.   On February 7, 1920, Orra Watkins married Miss Florence Bruner, of Delta, Ohio. She graduated from the Delta High School and was a teacher four years. They have one daughter, Rachel, born in March, 1921.   DAYL E. MANN, present county recorder of Henry County, has spent his life in Napoleon, and is well known and esteemed for his business ability and the efficiency with which he has administered his duties as an office holder.   He was born at Napoleon, April 22, 1878, son of George F. and Augusta (Ritter) Mann. His father was born at Napoleon and his mother near that city. The grandfather, Enoch Mann, came to Henry County from Columbus, Ohio, and spent the greater part of his life in that county, but finally movcd to Oklahoma, where he died. George F. Mann was reared at Napoleon, educated in the public schools, and learned the mason,s tradc. He followed that business for a number of years, but he and his wife are now living retired. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge, is a republican and for several terms was town marshal of Napoleon. There are two sons, Ross Mann being a farmer near Napoleon.   Dayl E. Mann attended public schools at Napoleon, and after finishing his education went to work in a local grocery store as a clerk. He was connected with the business enterprise of his native city until he was appointed recorder to fill out an unexpired term of . five months. Before the end of that period he was elected for a regular tcrm, and by reelection holds the office at the present time. He has been active in republican politics for a number of years.   Mr. Mann married Miss Grace Yakee. They have a family of six children: Emmett, a graduate of high school; Robert, attending high school; Geraldine, Beryl and Royal, all in the grammar schools; and Charles, the youngest in the family.   LUTHER L. ORWIG is the veteran editor of the Northwest News, the oldest paper in Henry County, established in 1852. Since 1872, a period of more than half a century, Luther L. Orwig has been its editor and publisher.   Mr. Orwig was born at Fort Wayne, Indiana, February 12, 1844. In 1845 his father, John Orwig, a native of Pennsylvania, died, and soon afterward the widowed mother, Hannah (Poorman) Orwig, a native of Ohio, set out from Fort Wayne in wagons and aftcr an eight-day journey reached Tiffin in Seneca County, passing through Napoleon on the way. She subsequently spent her declining years at the home of her daughter at Toledo, where she died. She was the mother of three children, Luther L.   424 - HISTORY OF OHIO   being the youngest. The oldest, John B. Orwig, enlisted in the One Hundred and First Ohio Infantry in the Civil war, was wounded and captured at the Battlc of Stone River, and was confined in practically all the Confederate prisons, including Libby and Andersonville. The daughter, Rebecca J., married G. K. Brown, and lives in Toledo.   Luther L. Orwig was reared at Tiffin, attended public schools, but his schooling ended when he was a little past fourteen years old. In 1859 hc wcnt to work in the office of the Tiffin Advertiser, and during the next several years served in every capacity, including that of editor. The editor when he went with the Advertiser was W. W. Armstrong, who in 1862 was elected Secretary of State of Ohio on the democratic ticket. Aftcrward Mr. Armstrong bought the Cleveland Plain Dealer, and in the meantime Mr. Orwig had been advanced from "devil" to foreman of the Tiffin Advertiser, and remained with that old. and reputable Ohio newspaper for twelve years.   Later he bought the Democratic Northwest, in 1872, and subsequently consolidated it with the News at Napoleon, and under the name of the Northwest News has published that splendid newspaper ever since. It is democratic in politics, and has never misscd an issue in the past half century, although once the plant was practically destroyed by fire. Mr. Orwig owns the building in which his paper is published, and has a thoroughly equipped commercial printing establishment.   For a number of years the publishing company has been L. L. Orwig & Sons, his sons, Gale B. and Don C., being partners. Mr. Orwig is an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Napoleon. His wife, who died in 1908, was also an active member of that denomination. Besides the two sons already mentioned there are two other children: Ralph L., who is a graduate of high school and is married and living in Fostoria, Ohio. The daughter, Corrinne H., married Otto P. Tietj en, of Napoleon, and her two sons are now students at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.   Don C. Orwig, who became associated with his father in the publication of the Northwest News in 1919, was educated in the Napoleon High School, in Wooster College, and at the Case School of Applied Science at Cleveland. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge. He married Dorothy Borne, of Toledo.   Gale B. Orwig, who became associated with his father in the publication of the Northwest News in 1895, was born at Napoleon, September 24, 1873, and has been a conspicuous business man of that city. He was reared in Napoleon, attended the public schools, and graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree from Harvard University. On returning home he became associated with his father in newspaper work, and subsequently became president of the Ohio Gas Light and Coke Company, and is also a director of the Napoleon State Bank. He married Elsie M. Bradley, who is a graduate of high school. They have one son, Benton B., a graduate of high school and of Brown University, and is now assistant advertising manager for Charles Scribner Sons, New York publishers. During the World war he was a member of the Students' Army Training Corps.   WILLOUGHBY ROSS ASH is now in the sixth year of his splendid work as superintendent of the city schools at Napoleon. Mr. Ash is a man of college education, but taught school while a student, and is well known in educational circles in several Ohio counties.   He was born on a farm in Liberty Township of Seneca County, Ohio, February 22, 1879, son of Edmund R. and Emeline (Elder) Ash. His father was born in the same township and county, November 9, 1844, was reared on a farm there and had a common school education. His wife was born in Ccnterville, Pennsylvania, Novcmber 19, 1842, and was a child when her parcnts came to Ohio. After finishing her education she taught school for a number of years, and after their marriage thc parents settled on a farm in Seneca County. They lived there until the death of Mrs. Edmund Ash, after which Mr. Ash retired from active management of the farm and is living at Kansas Station, Ohio. He is a member of the Evangelical Church, a staunch republican, and for many years held local offices in Seneca County. He served three years as a Union soldier in the Civil war, and is a member of G. W. Ash Post No. 679, Grand Army of the Republic. Edmund R. Ash and wife had five children: Curtis A., of Hillsdale, Michigan; Lewis, of Sturgis, Michigan; Harvey J., of Fostoria, Ohio; Willoughby Ross; and Elsie J., wife of Charles W. Cessna, of Anderson, Indiana.   Willoughby Ross Ash spent his boyhood days on the old farm in Liberty Township of Seneca County, and while there attended country schools. Afterward he was a student in the Village High School in Kansas, Ohio, attended the Ohio Northern University at Ada, and subsequently graduated with the Bachelor of Science degree from Heidelberg University, Tiffin, Ohio. For a year and a half Mr. Ash studied law in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. When he was seventeen years of age he began teaching and taught three spring and two winter terms in rural school districts and for two years was superintendent of the village schools in Kansas, Ohio. Subsequently he was for twelve years connected with the Fostoria High School, either as teacher or principal, and in 1918 he took up his duties as superintendent of city schools at Napoleon. A great deal of educational progress both in the material equipment of the schools and in the spirit of administration has been noted in Napoleon during the past six years.   Mr. Ash married Miss Linnie M. Rosendale, of Fostoria. She is a graduate of the Fostoria High School. They have one daughter, Helen Irene, born June 25, 1913. Mr. and Mrs. Ash are members of the Presbyterian Church, and he is a York and Scottish Rite Mason, being a member of the Fostoria Knights Templar Commandcry No. 62 and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Consistory in the Valley of Toledo. He is a past master of the Masonic Lodge, and was the first master to preside in the new temple at Fostoria, Ohio. In politics he is republican, in civic organizations he is a member of Kiwanis Club.   EARL H. STREIP is one of the aggressive young business men of Sherwood, Ohio, and is treasurer and manager of the Sherwood Lumber Company, Incorporated. All his business training and experience have been in the handling of lumber, and he is thoroughly familiar with its details.   He was born at Bryan, Ohio, June 1, 1894, a son of C. H. and Ottilie (Behnke) Streip. His father was born in Germany, in 1868, and when five years of age was brought by his parents' to the United States. He grew up at Bryan, Ohio, and was educated in the public schools. His wife was born in Germany, in 1871, and was also a child when her parents came to this country and located on a farm near Bryan. C. H. Streip for many years was a buyer and shipper of grain at Bryan, but is now