HISTORY OF OHIO - 75 merce, as a member of the executive committee of the Community Club, is a member of the Rotary Club and the Country Club, and his religious affiliation is Presbyterian. EDWARD LINCOLN YARNALL is the present sheriff of Washington County. He was the candidate of the republican party at the last election. The election of Mr. Yarnall was a distinct personal triumph, a tribute to the kind of man and citizen he has been in Washington County for many years. Mr. Yarnall was born on a farm in Jackson Township, Noble County, July 16, 1865, son of Lindley and Elizabeth (Way) Yarnall, also natives of Noble County. Lindley Yarnall was a Methodist minister, having charge of a church at Carlisle, Noble County. He was a volunteer Union soldier with an Ohio regiment during the Civil war, and his death at the early age of twenty-nine, in 1869, was the direct result of his war service. He was very well educated, as were other members of his family, one of his brothers being a college professor. After the death of Lindley Yarnall his widow married J. R. Sheldon, and is now seventy-nine years of age, living at Beverly in Washington County. Lindley Yarnall's three children were: Edward L.; Anna, wife of J. E. Taylor, of Beverly, and Dellah, wife of John Malster. Both sisters taught school. Edward Lincoln Yarnall was only four years old when his father died. His education was acquired in district schools and in Beverly College. His self-reliance and rugged industry were manifest when he was only twelve years of age. As a farm hand he worked many long days, and after the manner of boys became interested in trading, at first in calves, and has been more or less of a trader and business man all his years. For some time he has handled farms and real estate. Mr. Yarnall was a farmer in Waterford Township twelve years, and then moved to Palmer Township. Between the ages of twenty-one and twenty-four he was out West, in Reno and other counties in Kansas and Colorado, engaged in railroad work and in brick yards, and during the winter herded cattle as a cow boy on several western ranches. It is said of the sheriff that for one year after his marriage he worked on a farm, getting the total wages of $135 for all the time, and managing to save $100 out of this. He had his own home, his own cow and chickens, and by rigid self-denial he gradually accumulated some capital to get into business on his own account. His first official position was as assessor of Waterford Township, held a similar office in Palmer Township, and was a member of the School Board in each township. When A. E. Roberts was elected sheriff, Mr. Yarnall was appointed deputy, serving in that capacity four years. Then he was himself elected sheriff by the handsome majority of 1,829 in a year when the democrats carried most of the county offices. Mr. Yarnall and family are Methodists. He married, January 1, 1890, Miss Mary Waterman, daughter of J. B. Waterman, of Watertown Township. Their children are two sons and three daughters. The son, Floyd L., Was a private of the first class in the World war, being trained at Camp Sherman, and is now in railway mail service at Washington, D. C. The second son, Harry B., is associated with the Muskingum Valley Hardware Company at Beverly. The daughters are : Ruth, wife of S. R. Fisher, rural mail carrier at Beckett; Blanche, wife of Robert Merritt, of Marietta; and Helen, a senior in the Marietta High School. WALTER E. FISCHER. One of the busiest and most useful citizens of the community of Macksburg, Washington County, is Walter E. Fischer, manager of the Macksburg Tool Company, and in other ways identified with the life and affairs of the locality. Mr. Fischer was born at Macksburg, June 13, 1878, son of John and Sarah Margaret Collins Fischer. His mother died in 1893. John Fischer, who is an honored retired resident of Macksburg, was born in Germany, and when sixteen years of age came to the United States, joining his brother William at Marietta. Under this brother he learned the shoemaker 's trade. In 1872 a new railroad was being built through Washington County, and at a new station and town called Macksburg John Fischer chose to make his home and found his business. He established a shoe business, and for many years was one of the sturdy and successful citizens of the town. He has served forty-seven years (and is still serving) as tyler of the local lodge of Masons. In the family were six children, one of whom, Mary, died at the age of ten, and one passed away in infancy, the others being John W., W. E., Frieda and Louisa Grace, the latter the widow of Arthur F. Russell, of Macksburg. Walter E. Fischer has made a success in spite of handicap. When he was about fifteen years of age, while out hunting, he met with an accident that cost him his left arm. Deprived of that member, he used his intelligence and his energy to find various avenues of unusual usefulness. At the age of seventeen he graduated from the local high school, subsequently attending the Ohio Valley Commercial College at Marietta. Before leaving high school he and a brother had full charge of a confectionery and school supply store belonging to their father. School teaching also comprised a chapter of his early experience. He taught one year at Elba and two years at the Hale School. Following that he was bookkeeper for an oil company, and then for two years was in the general store at Macksburg owned by McConnell, Fischer & Longfellow Brothers. For three years he was bookkeeper for the Producers Torpedo Company at Marietta, remaining there until 1910. The present business, known as the Macksburg Tool Company, is an outgrowth of two earlier concerns, the Huron Steel & Iron Company and the American Steel & Iron Company, in which George W. Archer was active in the management. In 1908 the Macksburg Tool Company was organized, with C. S. Blakeslee as president, J. D. James as secretary and treasurer, and Mr. Archer, manager, with W. E. Fischer, bookkeeper. Mr. Fischer in 1911 assumed the general management of this successful industry, and is also proprietor of the W. E. Fischer Gas Company, which has produced and supplied natural gas for a part of Macksburg for a number of years. For twenty-three years Mr. Fischer was township clerk, and served many terms as clerk of the Township School Board and has been village clerk and in other public positions. Mr. Fischer, who is unmarried, is active in the republican party, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a member of Ohio Consistory at Cincinnati, and is also a member of the Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Cincinnati. He is secretary of the local lodge of Masons. FRANK BEEBE. The City of Elyria lost one of its esteemed and highly intelligent citizens with the death of Frank Beebe on May 12, 1923. Mr. Beebe was born in that community, was a member of a family closely connected with the founding and growth of the city, and his individual life brought him many points of useful contact with this locality. The Beebe family originally belonged to Scotland, Mr. Beebe 's great-grandfather being the immigrant settler in New England. The founder of the family in Lorain County was his grandfather. The late Frank Beebe was born at Elyria, in 1856, son of Artemus and Nancy (Fisher) Beebe, the Fishers set- 76 - HISTORY OF OHIO thing in Lorain County even earlier than the Beebes. His maternal grandparents, Carlos and Mercer Fisher, were born near Rome, New York, and it is probable that they came to Lorain County in 1891. Mr. Beebe's paternal grandfather, Artemus Beebe, came from West Springfield, Massachusetts, to Lorain County in 1815, spending one year before he went back to Massachusetts, where he married. Permelia Morgan. In 1817 he returned to Lorain County with his wife, purchased a tract of land, built his house and his carpenter shop, and thus became one of the first settlers -of Elyria. As a carpenter and wheelwright he had much to do with the material upbuilding of Elyria, and he and his family at one time owned a large portion of the land on which the present city stands. He built the first hotel there, a second one at Put-in-Bay, and for many years these were conducted by members of his family. Artemus Beebe, the father of the late Frank Beebe, was born at Elyria, spending his life in Lorain County. Though owning between 200 and 300 acres of land and operating as an extensive farmer, he maintained his residence in the city. He was active in republican political circles, and at times served on the city council. His mother was one of the charter members of the Presbyterian Church. He married Nancy Fisher, who died in 1893, surviving him for three years. They had the following children: William A. who was born October 14, 1848, died in 1902; A., Maria, born in January, 1854, and died in 1894; Frank, and Artemus, who was born in 1869, being a well known resident of Elyria and prominent in Masonic circles. The late Frank Beebe attended the public schools of Elyria and Berea College, and after completing his college course went into the hotel business with his uncles and his father in Elyria and at Put-in-Bay, and at other points along stage lines, when transportation facilities were very different from those of the present. Mr. Beebe continued in the business until 1893, when he became connected with the offices of the United States Steel Plant at Elyria. Six years later he embarked in the real estate business, and before retiring from active business in 1920 had become one of the leading realtors of Elyria. He owned a large amount of valuable property, including his handsome residence and surroundings on West Avenue. Mr. Beebe married in December, 1893, Miss Lottie Crisp, who was born at Elyria, a daughter of William and Georgia (Goodwin) Crisp. The father of Mrs. Beebe was born at Foxton, England, and her mother, in the City of London. Mrs. Beebe is a lady of literary tastes, being vice president of the Lorain County Historical Society. She is a member of the Congregational Church, as was her husband. In political life Mr. Beebe, like other members of his family, was a republican, but he never consented to hold public office, finding other opportunities to serve the public welfare, in which he was intensely and loyally interested. WILLIAM L. WEST, M. D. Graduated in medicine in 1874, Doctor West, with the exception of the first two years, has devoted his half century of activity in the medical profession to the town and surrounding community of New Matamoras, Washington County. His has 'been an exceptional career from many standpoints. He has the unusual honor of having been a captain in the Spanish-American war and also a captain in the Medical Corps during the World war. Doctor West was born December 19, 1850, at Moundsville, West Virginia, son of J. B. and Mary E. West. His father was a substantial farmer. While the war between the states was in progress the family moved to Parkersburg, West Virginia, about 1870 came over the Ohio to Marietta, and later the parents spent the remainder of their life at Newport, Ohio, where the father died at the venerable age of ninety-two and the mother at the age of sixty-five. J. B. West, though a farmer during most of his life, was also for a time in the mercantile business at Marietta, and for many years was an ordained minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a republican in politics. In the family were three sons and three daughters. One son, J. B. West, who died at the age of eighty-four, was an independent oil producer and one of the pioneers in the oil developments of the Ohio district. The two living sons are Dr. William L. West and Dr. George B. West, the latter a practicing physician at Washington, D. C. William L. West acquired a public school education, attended Marietta Academy, and began the study of medicine in Marietta. Subsequently he entered Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, and was graduated from that old institution of medical instruction. The year of his graduation was 1874. He also had experience in the Jefferson Medical College Hospital. He did his first practice at Jolly, in Monroe County, Ohio, but since 1876 has lived at New Matamoras. In conjunction with his medical practice he has conducted a drug business for many years. Doctor West, since its organization in 1911, has served as president of the Peoples Savings Bank at Metamoras. As a youth he was interested in military affairs. He has a record of service of fifteen years as an Ohio National Guard, most of the time in Company E of the Seventh Ohio Regiment. He commanded the company as captain during the Spanish-American war, being stationed at Camp Alger at Washington. When the World war came on, although he was far past the age of military duty, he made application for service and was commissioned a captain in the Medical Corps and assigned important duty in the coal fields of East Tennessee and Kentucky, taking care of miners during the influenza epidemic. He was active in organizing some hospitals in the coal fields for the benefit of those afflicted. Doctor West has been frequently honored with public office, member of the council, school board and mayor of Metamoras. He has been a delegate from his district to several state democratic conventions. He belongs to the Washington County Medical Society, the Ohio State and American Medical Associations, and for four years was master of the local lodge of Masons. He belongs to the Knights Templar Commandery of Masons at Sisterville, West Virginia, the Ohio Consistory of the Scottish Rite at Cincinnati and the Mystic Shrine at Wheeling. Doctor West married Miss Mary E. Williamson, daughter of H. A. Williamson, of Grand View, Washington County. Three children were born to their marriage. The daughter, Florence, is a graduate of Marietta College. The son Wiley died when eighteen years of age, during his second year at Marietta College, and one child passed away in infancy. Mrs. West and her daughter are members of the Methodist Church. ROBERT M. CUNNINGHAM. Of an undertaking business that was established at New Matamoras over forty years ago by his father, Robert M. Cunningham is the present proprietor. He is a well qualified embalmer and funeral director and has made himself one of the indispensable citizens of that community of Washington County. He was born at New Matamoras, August 20, 1881, son of Robert H. Cunningham, and grandson of Matthew and Eliza (Girt) Cunningham, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Pennsylvania. Matthew Cunningham, coming to the United States when a boy of thirteen, learned the carpenter 's trade and in 1846 established his home at New Matamoras, Ohio. He was a whig in politics. Robert H. Cunning- HISTORY OF OHIO - 77 ham, second son in a family of four children, was born at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 8, 1844, but spent his life from infancy in New Matamoras. As a youth he worked at the trade of carpenter and cabinet maker, and on February 14, 1865, enlisted in Company G of the One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, being in service until after the close of the Civil war. His work as a carpenter and cabinet maker brought him into demand for making coffins, and in 1882 he established himself regularly in the undertaking business at New Matamoras, becoming an expert embalmer. He was a graduate of the embalming college at Springfield, Ohio. Robert H. Cunningham continued the business actively until his death in 1905, when he was succeeded by his son. He was an influential member of the Baptist Church, was a republican, served as village clerk and in other capacities, and was affiliated with New Matamoras Lodge, No. 374, of the Masonic Order. He married Alice A. Ballentine on November 13, 1872. She was born at Little Washington, Pennsylvania, in 1852, was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and died in 1906. Her four children were: Anna B., Olive P. (wife of A. F. Humphrey), Robert M. and Della. Robert M. Cunningham was reared in New Matamoras, attending the local schools, and even while a school boy assisted his father during vacations. In 1898 he completed the course in the Champion College of Embalming at Springfield, and has kept himself in close touch with the advancing progress in his profession. Since he became proprietor he has installed a complete motor service. He is a member of the Ohio State Board of Embalmers. Mr. Cunningham has served as a member of the City Council and president of the board in 1923. He was for some years secretary of the local Sunday, School, is past master of the Masonic Lodge, a member of the Consistory of Scottish Rite Masonry of Cincinnati, Syrian Temple of the Mystic Shrine and Knights of Pythias. He married Miss Emma Ardelia Pyatt, of Pittsburgh. She is a graduate nurse of the West Pennsylvania Hospital, 1907. GEORGE E. MAY. A hardware merchant at New Matamoras, Mr. May has been in business, at first with his father, then for himself, for a period of thirty-three years under the same roof. His long record as a business man has been supplemented by a public-spirited part in the community. He was born September 15, 1876, son of Hosea Ballou and Callie Disque May. His father was born at Clarington and his mother at Powhatan, in Monroe County, Ohio, and they married before locating in New Matamoras in 1879. Hosea B. May established a printer's business, gradually extended its scope to handling hardware, and his activities made him a valued member of the community until his death in 1921, at the age of seventy-two. His widow resides at New Matamoras at the age of sixty-nine. The late H. B. May was interested in the organization of the First National Bank of Matamoras, served as a member of the council, was a republican, liberal in his views and a kindly and valuable citizen. He was a Presbyterian, and served as chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias and played in the Pythian Band. His family consisted of three sons and three daughters: George E. ; Dr. Frank May, a dentist practicing at Glouster, Athens County, Ohio ; Chester, who died when two years old; Mrs. R. E. Work, of Logan, Ohio; Mary E., wife of A. L. Smith, a resident of New Matamoras, but a West Virginia farmer; and Ora Vaughan, wife of Reverend Montgomery, of Cape Charles, Virginia. George E. May was reared in New Matamoras, finishing his high school education there, and had one year of experience as clerk in a grocery store. He then joined his father in the hardware store, and had most of the responsibilities of management a number of years before the death of his father, after which he bought out the other interest and is now sole proprietor. He possesses many of the qualities that made his father personally popular and interested in community affairs. He has served as mayor of the town, and during these terms of office made a strenuous fight for street paving. He has also been township treasurer, and is now president of the New Matamoras School Board. In politics he is a republican. Mr. May has been affiliated with the Knights of Pythias since he was twenty-one years of age, is past chancellor commander of the lodge, and plays the cornet in the Pythian Band. He has filled the chairs in the Odd Fellows Lodge and is a Master Mason. Mr. May married Miss Lena Fawcett, daughter of Asa and Lucy Fawcett, of Glouster. Their two children are : Ruth, wife of C. L. Parr, of New Matamoras, and Miss Dorothy, a student in high school. The family are Presbyterians, Mr. May being a trustee and regular attendant at Sunday school, while Mrs. May teaches a class in Sunday school. HON. ULYSSES S. MARTIN. Probably no name is more favorably known in the citizenship of Montgomery County than that of Martin. Ulysses S. Martin has for many years practiced law in Dayton, but the culminating honors of his career have been his service through several consecutive terms as judge of the Common Pleas Court. Ulysses S. Martin was born March 4, 1866, on a farm in Randolph Township, Montgomery County. His parents were Christian and Maria (Frantz) Martin, the latter now eighty-nine years of age. Christian Martin, who died in 1892, was a citizen of the highest rectitude of character and followed an industrious career as a farmer. He was born at Lewisburg, in Preble County; in 1830, and at the age of twenty-six moved to Montgomery County. The esteem in which he was held by his neighbors was testified to by his election as a republican in a strongly democratic section of the county to the office of township trustee, and he filled that office for three terms. Ulysses S. Martin spent his early life as a farm boy, attended district schools until the age of sixteen, and then continued his education in Randolph High School, located at Harrisburg, now Englewood. After two years in high school he became a teacher, and spent several .winter terms teaching in the rural schools. For three years his higher education was advanced by attending during the summer months the Ohio Northern University of Ada. He graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree at Otterheim University in 1892. Then followed another year of teaching. In the meantime he had studied law privately, and in 1893 he began a formal course of reading in the offices of Carr, Allaman and Kennedy at Dayton, and was admitted to practice in 1894. Judge Martin quickly earned a favorable reputation as an able attorney and had an important general practice. In 1899 he was nominated on the republican ticket and elected prosecuting attorney of Montgomery County, and was reelected in 1902. He led the ticket on both occasions. Subsequently Governor Myron T. Herrick appointed him Common Pleas judge to fill the vacancy made by the resignation of Judge Matthews. He was elected to that office for three consecutive terms by an overwhelming majority in each case. Judge Martin is affiliated with the Masonic Order, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Fraternal Order of Eagles and Moose, and is a mem- 78 - HISTORY OF OHIO ber of civic organizations. He married, November 27, 1894, Miss Laura C. Denlinger, of Dayton. B. F. STRECKER was born and reared in a rural district near Marietta, Ohio, the first permanent colony established in Ohio, and for over forty years has been closely identified with one line of industry, leather goods, harness and saddlery manufacture, having been instrumental in building up a plant and business that directly reflects prosperity upon the entire city of Marietta. Mr. Strecker is the example of a successful business man who has used his means and opportunities to do a great deal of good in various channels of charitable and civic undertakings. He was born in a log cabin on the old Strecker homestead adjoining Marietta, April 19, 1859, son of John and Fredericka (Baumgartner) Strecker, and grandson of John Strecker, Sr., who brought his family of six children to the United States from the Province of Wurttemberg, Germany, in 1846. John Strecker, Jr., was born in Wurttemberg in 1832, was well educated in the German schools, was fourteen when he came to this country, and subsequently, through his own efforts and insatiable thirst for knowledge, acquired a most liberal education. He was a farmer, but at his homestead also operated a glue factory until his death on December 30, 1890. Twice he was honored with election to the Ohio Legislature, was a republican, and was an Ohio soldier in the Civil war. His family were Methodists. John Strecker, Jr., and wife had seven children: Charles F., now president of the Strecker Brothers Company of Marietta; John, a prosperous farmer in Muskingum Township, Washington County ; Benjamin F.; Caroline, formerly a teacher of German in the Marietta High School, now assistant principal; Rev. E. W., a Methodist minister ; Ellen M., and Louis D., now president of the Union Hardware Company of Marietta, Ohio. Benjamin F. Strecker was a farm boy until the age of eighteen, was educated in local schools, and on leaving home, acquired his first commercial experience at Pittsburgh with his brother Charles in the leather goods business. Five years later, early in 1881, these brothers established the firm of Strecker Brothers, which steadily for forty years has been producing a line of harness and saddlery goods of exceptional merit. The business was incorporated in 1900, under the name, The Strecker Brothers Company, since which time C. F. Strecker has been president and B. F. Strecker, vice president and treasurer of the company. Harness and saddles made in this Marietta plant are sold and distributed not only in the United States, but have been articles of export trade. Before America entered the World war, the company supplied the Russian Government with two million dollars' worth of goods. Every cowboy on the western plains during the last period of a century has an appreciative word for the special brand of saddles manufactured by Strecker Brothers Company. B. F. Strecker 's business interests extend to other organizations, and he is president of the Becker Manufacturing Company, is president of the Citizens National Bank, president of the Industrial Realty Company and president. of the Stephens Organ & Piano Company, and is secretary of the C. L. Bailey Wholesale Grocery Company and secretary of the Union Hardware Company. Mr. Strecker has for years been an important lay figure in the activities of the Sunday school as an organization to spread and promote the most wholesome influence of Christianity as a force in the upbuilding of character and the making of good citizen at bobomend abroad. Mr. Strecker for thirty-four years has been superintendent of the Methodist Sunday School at Marietta, is a member of the executive board of the World, Sunday School Association, and in 1920 made a trip to the Orient to attend the World Sunday School Association Convention at Tokio, and the similar convention at Glasgow in 1924 included his name among the invited guests and delegates. Mr. Strecker is a member of the Board of Trustees of Marietta College, is president of the Marietta Library Association, and for twenty-three years has been president of the local Young Men's Christian Association. He married Julia A. Wendelken. They have one daughter, Marjorie L., in whose honor was named the Marjorie L. Strecker Hospital for Children, a branch of Bethesda Hospital in Cincinnati, to which Mr. Strecker has been a generous and frequent benefactor and a member of the Board of Governors. GUY C. MITCHELL for a number of years has been one of the important men of affairs in the City of Hamilton. Some of the interests with which he is actively identified may be briefly cited here. The W. P. Eaton Packing Company, Inc., of which he is president, is capitalized at $500,000, with $400,000 in common stock and $100,000 in preferred stock. This company is successor to the Rupp Packing Company. The E. J. Frechtling Coal Company, of which he is vice president, has assets of over $250,000 and does a retail and wholesale coal business. The Ray Shipman Company, of which he is treasurer, is capitalized at $50,000 and does a general real estate and building business. Mr. Mitchell is also treasurer of the Valley Mortgage Company, capitalized at $500,000. They do a general farm loan business. He is treasurer of the Industrial Loan and Building Association, with capital stock of $1,000,000, and performing a general building and loan service. PATRICK J. DONNELLY is a Marietta citizen who has been generously rewarded in the course of his industrious years, and is not only a man of material means, but possesses a host of friends who admire his integrity and Irish characteristics. He was born in Palmyra, New York, on Saint Patrick's day, March 17, 1857, son of Michael and Margerett Donnelly, who came from Ireland, first locating in Palmyra, New York, and afterwards momovingo Corry, Pennsylvania. Michael Donnelly spent his life as a working man, and died in 1910. Patrick J. Donnelly acquired his education in public schools at Corry, Pennsylvania, and his boyhood was impressed with the discipline of the labor needed to provide him a living, his first money having been earned in the strenuous work of a brickyard and other similar employment. At twenty-one he went to Oil City, working in the barrel factory of the Standard Oil Company. During 1878-79 he worked on iron oil tanks in the Bradford oil fields, and from that became a tool dresser in the oil fields, also sold patent rights and two years kept a hotel at Macksburg, Ohio. From Macksburg he came to Marietta, and since then his business has been greatly diversified. He has had holdings in oil fields in many localities. He is interested financially in the Industrial Realty Company, in the National Chain Company and in a number of manufacturing plants. He is president of the Crystal Light Company, and for a number of years has been in the ice and cold storage business. He helped organize in 1902 the Peoples Banking and Trust Company of Marietta, of which he is vice president. Mr. Donnelly married, in 1883, Margaret Broderick, of Salamanca, New York. Five children were born to their marriage: W. W., in the oil well supply business at Fort Worth, Texas; R. D., oil producer at Tulsa, Oklahoma; A. D., connected with the oil industry at Mexia, Texas; Mabel, wife of R. E. Anderson, a mining engineer at Silver Bell, Arizona; and Michael, HISTORY OF OHIO - 79 who was in the oil business at Tulsa, Oklahoma, and died at the age of twenty-five. Mr. Donnelly and family are members of Saint Mary's Catholic Church, and he is a republican in politics. He has enjoyed life, has been fond of a good horse and a good dog, and has owned some very good horses in his time. BERT REDMOND, who has lived a life of active experience and has achieved a successful position in the business and civic affairs of Ravenna, of which city he is former mayor, is now the active head of the Portage Farm Pure Milk Company. He was born at Chetek, Wisconsin, in August, 1882, son of Perry and Mary (Ervin) Redmond. His parents were natives of Indiana. His father died in 1883, and the mother then returned to Indiana and lived there until her death in August, 1923. There were three children, Bert and Elmer, twins, the latter of Detroit, and Orton, who died December 24, 1914. Bert Redmond was educated in grammar and high schools, beginning his education at Walnut, Indiana. When he was only twelve years old he left home and returned to his native state, finding employment at Cameron in a drug store. He remained there four years, and at the same time continued his public school education. Following that came a prospecting tour and varied experience in North Dakota and other states of the far West. When he was twenty-six years old Mr. Redmond located at Alliance, Ohio, and worked for the American Steel Foundry Company. He was with this plant two years, and then became a conductor on the Pennsylvania Railroad. He was in the service until his left foot was taken off two years later, and on August 12, 1912, following this injury, he established his home at Ravenna. He started the Portage Garage and conducted a repair and service station and also sold the Ford, Overland and Hudson automobiles. In 1919 Mr. Redmond sold out his automobile interest, and in 1920 acquired the Portage Farm Pure Milk Business. He operates a pasteurizing and bottling plant, and is one of the largest distributors of milk in Portage County. In 1910 Mr. Redmond married Miss Ada Elizabeth Shultz, a native of Alliance, Ohio, and daughter of Elmer E. and Ida (Filson) Shultz, of Alliance. They have three children, Elmer Joseph, Elbert Orton and John F. Mr. and Mrs. Redmond are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He has been active in public affairs at Ravenna for a number of years, and in 1916 he was elected a member of the City Council, serving two terms, and in 1918 was elected mayor and reelected in 1920. He was mayor of the city until January 1, 1922, giving a thoroughly efficient administration of municipal affairs. Mr. Redmond has been through the various chairs of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, and has served as trustee of Ravenna Lodge No. 1076, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. BENJAMIN J. MORRIS. After many activities in both war and peace Benjamin J. Morris is now living retired at his beautiful home, 418 Glenwood Avenue, in the enjoyment of the fruits of his hard labor, careful saving and wise investments. He was born in South Wales, in May, 1837, a son of John and Ann (Edwards) Morris. In 1845 John Morris came to the United States, and for four years was contracting mining boss at Weathersfield, Ohio. Here he was joined in 1849 by his wife and fifteen children. Ten years later they moved to Clinton, Ohio, and after four years went to Massillon, Ohio, for four years more. Removal was finally made to Mahoning County. The father died at the age of fifty-seven years, and the mother when she was eighty-two years old. Benjamin J. Morris attended the Weathersfield and Mineral Ridge district schools, and when he was only ten years old began working as an errand boy. Two years later he became a trapper in the coal mines, and remained in this industry until he was a miner. Later he was made mine boss, boss contractor and still later mine superintendent. From 1890 to 1893 he was superintendent of three coal mines at Reynoldsville, Pennsylvania. Appointed chief of police in 1893, he served as such for fourteen years in conjunction with the Ohio Steel Mill at Youngstown, and from then until 1922 was chief messenger for the mills. In the latter year he retired, since which time he has not exerted himself, feeling that he has won the right to enjoy himself. One of the wise investments he made of his savings was the purchase of fifteen acres, on a portion of which his present handsome residence now stands. Later lie sold three acres to an oil company, and then, with others, promoted Mill Creek Park, to which he donated one and one-half acres of land. The syndicate subsequently bought seven acres of his original purchase, and this property has been developed into a fine playgrounds and tennis court. Mr. Morris' grounds have a frontage of 170 feet, and a depth of 200 feet. When war was declared between the North and the South Mr. Morris unhesitatingly gave his support to the Union, and enlisted in Company H, Ninetieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and had the distinction of serving under General Grant during the earlier part of the war. Later he was under the command of General Sherman. His unit saw some of the hardest fighting, and he participated in forty-two skirmishes and battles. His honorable discharge from the service bears the date of June 6, 1865. A brother, Capt. William M. Morris, commanded a company of the Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and he was the officer who blew up the first two forts during the siege of Vicksburg. On December 24, 1872, Mr. Morris married Olive A. Brooks, born at Niles, Ohio, April 1, 1853, a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Opp) Brooks, natives of Virginia and Pennsylvania, respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Morris have four children: Clyde B., who lives at Youngstown; Mary, who is the wife of Ellsworth Owen, of Youngstown; Bird Olive, who is the wife of James Burton Kerr, of Youngstown; and Nellie, who is the wife of Joseph B. McClasky, of Youngstown. Both Mr. and Mrs. Morris are deeply religious, and he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, being a steward and treasurer of the local body, while she is a member of the Christian Church. Active in politics, Mr. Morris served for some time as a deputy sheriff during his younger years, and he has never lost his interest in law enforcement or public affairs. Tod Post, Grand Army of the Republic, holds his membership, and he is past senior vice commander of this organization. Few men can look back over a cleaner record, or one so filled with worthwhile achievements, and Mr. Morris has every reason to be satisfied, for he not only has been successful in the best sense of the term, but he has also set an example which cannot help but exert an excellent influence upon the lives of those to come after him. THEODORE DAVID WOLBACH. After service as a Union soldier in the Civil war, Theodore David Wolbach on returning home took up the comparatively new and crude art of photography, which was still in the daguerreotype and wet plate stage. For nearly sixty years he has been a practical photographer, has mastered each successive stage in the development of this wonderful art, and is one of the oldest men in his profession in the United States as well as in Ohio. Mr. Wolbach was born in a pioneer log cabin in Green Township, Wayne County, Ohio, June 6, 1844, and is the last survivor of a family of eight children. His grandfather, Peter Wolbach, was a native of 80 - HISTORY OF OHIO Switzerland, and settled in Pennsylvania on coming to America. Abraham Wolbach, father of the Wadsworth photographer, was born in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, and married Diana Hepler, who was born in Northumberland County, in the same state, being of Scotch and Dutch ancestry. Abraham Wolbach in 1838 brought his family to Ohio, settling in Wayne County. He had no capital beyond the work of his hands, and hoping to secure a farm of his own he moved to Ottawa County, Ohio, and while there engaged in the difficult struggle with pioneer conditions he was attacked by the cholera and died. His wife and children a few months later returned to Wayne County. She passed away in advanced years at the home of her son, Theodore D., at Wadsworth. Theodore David Wolbach lived through his youthful years on a farm, having only the advantages of the common schools, and was not seventeen years of age when the Civil war broke out. On account of his youth he had difficulty in securing acceptance into the first troops that went from Ohio to battle for the Union. On October 1, 1861, he joined Company E of the Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, and for three years he was with his command in all its important engagements. He received his honorable discharge, October 31, 1864. He fought his first battle at Tazewell, Tennessee, and afterwards participated in the siege of Vicksburg, in the battles of Champion Hill and Jackson, Mississippi, was with his regiment in Texas and later in Louisiana. Soon after his release from the army and return to Ohio Mr. Wolbach established his photographic studio at Wadsworth, on April 29, 1865. There is probably no photographer in Ohio who has been in business so long at one stand. For a great many years his studio has been on the east side of Main Street in Wadsworth. Examples of his photography are found in nearly every home in Medina County. He has also done a great deal of commercial photography and outdoor work. Since early manhood Mr. Wolbach has been a lover of history and of the relics and curios that reflect something of human life. He has a splendid private collection of Indian relics and other curios in his studio at Wadsworth. Mr. Wolbach grew up as a Jacksonian democrat, but after the Civil war became affiliated with the republican party. He has held nearly every town office in the gift of the people of Wadsworth. For two terms he was mayor of the town. Since 1866, a period of nearly sixty years, he has been affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he became a member of the Grand Army of the Republic in 1868 and of the Knights of Pythias in 1888. In 1871 Mr. Wolbach married Miss Alice Rothacker. They have been on the highway of life together for over half a century. They reared a son to the age of twenty-one years. He was a promising young man of high character, and his death was the most grievous sorrow that has afflicted their lives. Kind hearted and charitable, Mr. and Mrs. Wolbach have thoroughly enjoyed the confidence and respect of a large circle of friends in Medina County. CATHERINE FAY EWING. One Of Ohio's noble women was Catherine Fay Ewing, who for many years devoted herself to .the cause of dependant children, and whose work and influence procured from the Ohio Legislature the first law enacted in her state to provide care for children left helpless and alone, separate from such facilities as those provided by the institutional poorhouse. Catherine Fay was born at Westboro, Massachusetts, in 1822, and died in 1897. She was married in 1862 to A. S. D. Ewing. Her family came to Ohio when she was a child. At the age of twenty she became a missionary to the Choctaw Indians in old Indian Territory. In the fall of 1853 she was called to visit a poor family just across the line in Arkansas. A mother, near death, with five children had been abandoned by a drunken husband. Homes were found for the four older children. A baby girl of two years was finally provided for in the home of a couple, who soon afterwards began selling liquor to the Indians, and one day a quarrel resulted and the baby was thrown upon the steps of the house and killed. It was this tragedy that caused Catherine Fay to leave her work and go home, a purpose having arisen in her mind to have a home where she could care for such children. For two years she taught in Kentucky, saving every dollar, then bought fifteen acres of land ten miles from Marietta, her aim being to have a home and support it herself. On a visit to the county infirmary or poorhouse she found a number of children among older people of the vilest and most profane character. She secured the consent of the trustees that they place these children with her, and in the spring of 1858 she took nine children, all under ten years of age, into this home. During the next two or three years she struggled with a sublimity of faith and love against countless obstacles. The people in the community were unfriendly to her project, and when she sent the children to the local school they were refused admission until she made herself the legal guardian of the children and finally, after a court contest, established the right of such children to attend the regular schools. She nursed the children through epidemics of diphtheria and scarlet fever, when her neighbors avoided the contagion and lent her no assistance whatever. Her efforts, however, became known, and friends were rising up in different localities, providing money and other resources. The culmination of her efforts may properly be told in her own words: " As the number of children increased, it became clear that our means of support was inadequate. The connection with the poorhouse, too, was very undesirable. It put the children under a stigma which was hurtful and unpleasant for them. So many were soldiers' children (at one time two-thirds of the number, or thirty-five children) and these, I felt, deserved something better of their country than they were receiving. "I was very anxious to be entirely separated from the poorhouse and to have a separate fund, so in 1864 I went to the commissioners about applying to the Legislature for relief. A bill was presented by William F. Curtis, but owing to some misunderstanding in state institutions it was laid aside. Next year it was again presented, but was rejected. "In 1866 a bill carrying the things we needed was presented by S. S. Knowles, who wrote in March that a bill providing for children's homes had passed by 72 to 10. So the place I had thought of only as a relief for our own children became in God 's providence a means by which such homes multiplied over the entire state. "My old place was located ten miles from Marietta. This was thought under the new plan to be too far, and a new place two and a half miles from Marietta was purchased and buildings erected. In April, 1867, everything was moved to this new location. I was offered the new position, but I was not well, so remained at my old home." There had been no law permitting the commissioners of the poor to pay part for the support of the children in a separate home. They had done so without authority, and were indeed glad when the new act legalized such payments. The new law authorized any county to erect a home for children at its own HISTORY OF OHIO - 81 need and to support it from public fund, separate from poor fund. Catherine Fay's home might have died with her, but owing to her good sense and determination it became the foundation of public care for children throughout the state. She had resolved to induce the state to adopt her system and to pass a general law to the above effect. She succeeded in that determination, as she had in the determination to take care of the destitute children of her own neighborhood and county. The Ohio law for the care of destitute children was the first to be adopted in the United States, and was the pattern followed by many other states, in fact, by almost every other state in the Union. CHARLES H. SHELLENBERGER has been a business man of Youngstown for nearly thirty years. He is in the milk and cream and dairy products business, a line he has followed through a long and successful experience. He was born in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, in 1875, son of Henry and Leah Shellenberger. His father was a farmer, and was accidentally killed nine days after the birth of his son Charles. The widowed mother subsequently married John Stoyer, and they made their home on a farm at Hamburg, in Berks County, Pennsylvania. John Stoyer died a year after his marriage, and then Charles H. Shellenberger lived with his mother, getting such education as he could in the local schools until 1895, when, at the age of twenty, he came to Youngstown. For eighteen months Mr. Shellenberger was a solicitor for the Metropolitan Insurance Company, following which he spent five years in a grocery business and five years with the Banner Electric Company. He then became identified with the Sanitary Milk Company, and was with that Youngstown business for ten years, since which time he has been in business for himself, handling milk and cream and dairy product. On February 17, 1903, he married Miss Jennie Jenkins, a native of Youngstown and daughter of James and Anna (Hopkins) Jenkins. They have three children, Edna May, Charles James and George. Mr. Shellenberger is a member of the Evergreen Presbyterian Church and is a democrat in politics. JOSEPH FREDERICK KNOTT. The field of insurance is one in which ability along almost any line may be utilized to profitable purpose, and this probably accounts for the fact that those engaged in it are graduates of nearly every business. Having to handle prospects interested in all classes of employment, the successful insurance man must understand their problems so as to present convincing arguments to induce them to protect themselves with adequate insurance of different kinds. One of the most reliable of the many general insurance firms of Youngstown is that of Redden & Knott, of whom the junior member is Joseph Frederick Knott. The birth of Joseph Frederick Knott occurred at Youngstown, in October, 1877, and he is a son of Jacob and Mary (Heimburg) Knott, natives of Germany. Many years ago they became residents of Youngstown, where at one time he conducted a brewery. At present he is living retired with his son. The mother died about 1894. Until he was fourteen years old Joseph F. Knott attended Saint Joseph's parochial school, and then began to work, carrying water for the men working for street contractors. Later he secured employment in the blacksmith shop of the Youngstown Carriage Works. After three years with that company he went with the Enterprise Boiler Works, and for several years worked as a boilermaker. Leaving, then, the mechanical end of business, he took up commercial work, and for seventeen years was a clerk. In the fall of 1919 he entered upon his present interests, which seems to be the one for which he is best fitted. The many acquaintances he made during his years of close association with the public afford him prospects in his insurance business, and he is rendering them a service which cannot be overestimated. He and Mr. Redden are well qualified for partnership, and together they represent one of the strongest general insurance combinations in Mahoning County. In June, 1900, Mr. Knott married Miss Nellie H. Kelly, of Youngstown, a daughter of William and Anna Kelly, natives of County Mayo, Ireland. Mr. and Mrs. Knott became the parents of the following children: Helen Claire, J. Fred and Raymond Francis, all of whom are at home. The family belongs to Saint Columbos Church of Youngstown. Mr. Knott is a democrat, and he belongs to the Knights of Columbus. ALBERT JAMES NORTH, who holds the responsible position of division engineer for the Erie Railroad Company, with headquarters in the City of Youngstown, has gained success and prestige as an able young civil engineer, and has worthily won advancement in his chosen profession. Mr. North was born at Meadville, Pennsylvania, April 6, 1890, and in that city his parents, Albert J. and Lydia E. (Stebbins) Horth, still maintain their home, the father having been long and actively identified with railway service in the capacities of master carpenter and superintendent of buildings and bridges. Albert J. Horth, Sr., was born at Salamanca, New York, and his wife, at Olean, that state. The public schools of his native city served as the medium through which Albert J. Horth of this review gained his early education, and thereafter he completed a course in civil engineering at Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1915. In the meanwhile he had gained practical experience by passing vacation periods in the service of the Erie Railroad Company, and after his graduation he continued in the employ of this representative railroad company. He had his headquarters the first two years in the City of Cleveland, and he then came to Youngstown, where he gained advancement through various grades of service until his appointment to his present position, that of division engineer of the Mahoning division, in December, 1918. He has active membership in the American Railway Engineering Association and also the Engineers Club in his home city of Youngstown. He is an independent republican in politics, is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, as well as the college Acacia fraternity and the Tau Beta Pi fraternity. He and his wife are communicants of the Protestant Episcopal Church. In September, 1918, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Horth and Miss Mildred M. Murphy, who likewise was born and reared at Meadville, Pennsylvania, and who is a daughter of F. F. and Elizabeth (Henlan) Murphy. The children of this union are three in number : Robert James, Donald Albert and Douglas. JAMES K. DURLING. In the course of an energetic career of more than half a century, James K. Durling placed his home community of Wadsworth, in Medina County, under lasting debt to him for the strength of his purpose, the fine influence of his character, and the constructive enterprise he directed in business and financial affairs. He was born at Upper Mount, Bethel, Pennsylvania, September 24, 1834, and died at Wadsworth, March 12, 1911, when in his seventy-seventh year. He was brought to Medina County by his parents when 82 - HISTORY OF OHIO ten years of age, in 1844. He was of Holland-Dutch ancestry. He was a descendant of Gerret Janse Dorlandt, who with a brother came to America in 1708. He was born in Holland in 1666. His son Abraham changed the spelling of the family name to Dorland, and that spelling was kept by two successive descendants, John and Gerret Dorland. George, a son of Gerret Dorland, adopted the spelling Purling. George Darling, father of the late Wadsworth citizen, was born at Upper Mount, Bethel, Pennsylvania, and married Anna Krotzer. On coining to Medina County, Ohio, in 1844, they settled at the Village of Poe. James K. Darling's parents were of the pioneer type, industrious, but never in wealthy circumstances, and their lives were spent in combating the arduous conditions of a comparatively new country. James K. Darling, therefore, grew up in an environment where living was on a very simple plane, and labor, his only resource, poorly paid. He had the limited advantages of the schools in his neighborhood, but as a boy much of his time was devoted to manual labor, both on the home farm and for two years he worked out for board and clothes. In 1854, at the age of twenty, he became an employe of Orland Beach, one of the prominent pioneers of Wadsworth Township. Orlando Beach had an influential part in securing the right-of-way for the Atlantic & Great Western Railway, now the Erie System. It is said that James K. Durling, as the hired man of Mr. Beach, drove the first ox team in ploughing the first furrow for the grade of that road. For a time Mr. Darling was also a farm hand for Dr. C. N. Lyman, with whom in later years he was associated in banking. It was during the early manhood of Mr. Darling that people first began substituting sulphur or friction matches for the old waxed paper or splint and steel in lighting fires. These matches were made by a crude hand process, and Mr. Darling with his half brother, Jacob R. Brown, took up the industry, and after making a supply of matches they sold them from a wagon which they drove over an extensive territory to the western limit of Ohio. On one of these trips Mr. Darling met the late Ohio C. Barber, who was then doing his pioneer work as a match maker, and became the founder of the great Diamond Match Works at Barberton, near Akron. The strips of Matches made at that time were packed in bundles of 100, each package being capped with paper and bearing a one-cent revenue stamp. At the close of the Civil war Mr. Darling gave up the manufacture of matches and engaged in the clothing business at Wadsworth. In the early '70s he became a member of the clothing and dry goods firm of Woodward, Daykin & Darling, but soon selling his interest in that firm, engaged in banking. It was as a banker that he became best known in his community. From 1873 to 1884 he was president of the Wadsworth National Bank. He then took the executive post of cashier, being succeeded as president • by Dr. C. N. Lyman. When Doctor Lyman died he again became president, and he and his sons have now been in the banking business at Wadsworth for half a century. He was a staunch republican, and in the year that William McKinley was defeated for Congress Mr. Darling as chairman of the Medina County Republican Executive Committee placed his county in the republican party by an impressive majority of 1,388. For fifty-three years he was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and prominent not only in the local lodge, but in the state and other councils of that order. He was twice a representative in the Grand Lodge, and helped enact some of the laws that are still in force in the order. He assisted as district deputy in instituting lodges, and many times was present at the installation of officers. His was an important responsibility in securing the erection of the Odd Fellows Building at Wadsworth, and for thirty-four years he gave his unwavering support to the lodge during its struggle to pay off an enormous debt. He also took a great deal of pride in the auxiliary order of the Rebekahs, and in declining years, though in broken health, he frequently met with the members of this order. In the years following the Civil war Mr. Darling served several terms on the village school board, and was vitally interested in giving Wadsworth an efficient public school system. While a member of the village council, the first substantial sewer was put down. He became mayor of Wadsworth, and in that office he placed his signature to bonds for $7,000, voted by the people to the Wadsworth Salt Company to aid that corporation in building its plant. Mr. Darling early in life joined the Congregational Church, and continued to worship in that denomination until the church was suspended at Wadsworth, after which he was affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal denomination. Mr. Darling led an active and exemplary life, and was a man of wonderful energy and courage. During the Civil war he was an uncompromising Union man, and though physically debarred from service as a soldier, had the satisfaction of seeing four brothers who went to the defense of the Union. On September 21, 1858, Mr. Darling married Miss Lydia Copley. Together they traveled the journey of life for more than half a century. She survived him a little more than six years, passing away July 4, 1917, aged seventy-seven. Their oldest child is Mrs. Dymae Jane Andrus. The eldest son, John Hubbard, born June 26, 1861, and died March 14, 1911, just two days after the death of his father, served twenty-five years with the Wadsworth National Bank, the larger part of the time as cashier. He married Adella Mills, who died in 1892, leaving two children, named James M. and Bernice A. His second wife was Jessamine Pardee, and their two children, Margery and Dorothy, survive him. John Hubbard Darling was a Mason, Odd Fellow and a Knight of Pythias, a member of the Church of Christ, and was a republican in politics. The second son of the late Mr. Darling was William G. Darling, who was born March 1, 1867, and died November 3, 1916. He became a shoe merchant, and was a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity. The daughters are: Florence May, wife of James Whitlam, a paint manufacturer at Wadsworth ; Miss Cora Helen Darling, unmarried, resides at Wadsworth and is president of the Federation of Woman's Clubs of that city, and Mrs. Anna L. Carlton, of Lansing, Michigan, whose husband is secretary of the Motor Wheel Company of that .city. The oldest surviving son of the late James K. Darling is Schuyler Colfax Darling, who was born at Wadsworth, September 10, 1868. As a young man after leaving school he worked in a store at Mansfield, and for six years was bookkeeper in the offices of the Ohio Match Company at Wadsworth. He became identified with banking as assistant cashier of the Wadsworth National Bank, the institution of which his father was president. Upon the death of his brother, J. H. Darling, in 1911, he became cashier. This bank was succeeded by the Wadsworth Savings & Trust Company in 1904, and he has since been cashier of that institution. He is a republican, is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a member of the Church of Christ. He is financially interested nearly all of the important manufacturing enterprises of Wadsworth, and was instrumental in the organization of a number of them. In 1892 Schuyler C. Darling married Miss Violet Pardee, HISTORY OF OHIO - 83 who died in 1919. He has since married Miss Ellen Mason. By his first marriage he has two children: Dr. James K. Durling, a physician and surgeon, and Miriam Lydia. JOHN PORTER, photographer with a studio at 26 West Federal Street, in Youngstown, had a wide variety of experience in his profession, both in this country and abroad. He was born in Scotland, in 1885, son of John and Agnes Porter, his father having also been an artist. In 1897 the family came to America, locating in Canada. John Porter, the son, attended high school at Montreal up to the age of eighteen. He served part of his photographic apprenticeship in Scotland, where he remained two years; was in England; then again in Scotland, and in 1909 returned to Montreal, Canada. For eighteen months he served as a guide and trapper in the wild woods, and then went to Saskatchewan and was a rancher. He married in 1914, at New Brighton, Pennsylvania, Miss Adelaide McLuckie, a native of Scotland. Subsequently returning to Canada, Mr. Porter in August, 1918, enlisted with the Canadian forces in the Twenty-ninth Light Horse Regiment, but subsequently was discharged. Then, returning to New Brighton, Pennsylvania, he was assistant chemist at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, for one year, following which he located in Youngstown and engaged in photographic work. In February, 1922, he bought out his present studio at 26 West Federal Street. Mr. Porter has two children, Lawrence Stuart and Ernest James. He is a republican in politics and a member of the Presbyterian Church. EUGENE E. KLING was a boy when he came with his widowed mother from their native Germany to the United States and established their home in Youngstown, Ohio, and here he has won substantial and worthy success in connection with business affairs, as is indicated in the statement that he was the organizer and is the executive head of the Youngstown Burial Vault Company, which specializes in the production of high-grade burial vaults of concrete construction. Mr. Kling was born in fine old Westphalia, Germany, July 22, 1888, and the death of his father there occurred in the following year. He is a son of Ernest Frederick and Lena (Geldmacher) Kling, both likewise natives of that section of Germany, where the father passed his entire life. The schools of his native land afforded Mr. Kling his early education, and it was about two months prior to his fifteenth birthday anniversary, May 20, 1903, that he arrived with his widowed mother, in the City of Youngstown, Ohio, where his elder brother, Fred, and his sister, Elfreda, had established residence a short time previously. Soon after his arrival in Youngstown Mr. Kling found employment with the. Heller Brothers, here engaged in the lumber business, and later he was employed two years in the machine shops of a local steel mill. His ambition to supplement his somewhat limited education then led him to expend wisely a portion of his earnings for 'a course of one year in the Pennsylvania State College and attending the University of Ohio for a similar period. He then became associated with his brother Fred at Youngstown, and in 1914 they incorporated the Atlas Construction Company for the manufacturing of cement roofing-tiles. This corporation was later dissolved, and Mr. Kling acquired his brother 's .interest in the business. On the 15th of March, 1915, he established the Youngstown Burial Vault Company, and in this connection he has developed a prosperous industrial and commercial enterprise in the manufacturing of burial vaults of Portland cement, the office and works of the company, at 546 East Indianola Avenue, utilizing a ground area of 9,000 square feet, as the lot is 50 by 188 feet in dimensions. Mr. Kling is a member of the Concrete Products Association and the American Concrete Institute, and in politics he votes for men. and measures rather than being constrained by strict partisan lines. He has proved himself a constructive worker in connection with his progressive business activities, and is a loyal and appreciative citizen of the land of his youthful adoption. To advance himself he began to attend the night schools of the local Young Men's Christian Association in the year of his arrival in Youngstown,. and he thus continued his application until 1908. November 14, 1914, recorded the marriage of Mr. Kling with Miss Ella Bindel, who was born in Karlsruhe, Germany, and they have two children, Ernest Frederick, born June 24, 1915, and Werner Herbert, born January 23, 1917. EARL J. REDDEN. The records prove conclusively that no community begins to expand along permanent lines until its realty is taken in hand by experienced men who know the real value of land and the possibilities of a community. Through their: far-sightedness and enthusiasm a growth is started which shows rapid progress, provided these realtors are given proper support. New communities are laid out and built up, but equally important results are attained in the older localities through the instrumentality of these same progressive and alert men of affairs, and Youngstown is no exception to this rule, for it owes much to the enterprise of those who have had the vision and faith to devote themselves to its development. One of these realtors worthy of more than passing mention is Earl J. Redden, senior member of the reliable realty firm of Redden & Knott, with headquarters at 409 Wick Building. Earl J. Redden was born at Youngstown, Febru- ary 14, 1892, a son of John and Bridget (McCormick) Redden, natives of Troy, New York, and Youngstown, Ohio, respectively. For a number of years the father has been employed by the Youngstown Packing Company. Growing up in his native city, Earl J. Redden attended the Catholic school of his parish, and when he was fifteen years old began to earn his own living by working in a clothing store. For eleven years he continued this association, and in the meanwhile formed a wide acquaintance and studied realty values, and when he decided to go into business for himself as a realtor he was able to succeed from the start. Subsequently he took Joseph F. Knott into partnership with him, under the name of Redden & Knott, and they now handle a fair share of the business of their home city. Their policies are such as to commend them to the public, and their good judgment and enterprise bring patrons to them from a wide territory. On June 8, 1921, Mr. Redden was married to Irene M. Diamond, of Youngstown, a daughter of James and Bridget (Laffey) Diamond, natives of Youngstown, and Pennsylvania, respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Redden are consistent members of St. Patricks Catholic Church of Youngstown. He is a zealous member of the Knights of Columbus. In political faith he is a republican. JOSEPH FRIEDMAN is a prominent young attorney of the Youngstown bar, has achieved success in his profession, and since boyhood has depended upon his own exertions for his advancement. He was born in Hungary, February 12, 1882, son of D. H. and Hannah (Moskovitz) Friedman. He came to the United States in 1895, at the age of thirteen, having previously attended school in his 84 - HISTORY OF OHIO native country. In New York he was a student in night school, learning the English language there and in his daily employment. He also attended high school in New York, and enrolled as a student in the law department of Baldwin-Wallace University. He received his Bachelor of Laws degree in June, 1908, was admitted to the Ohio bar the same year, and to the United States District Court in 1910. Since his admission to the bar Mr. Friedman has built up a large general law practice and a splendid reputation as an attorney in Youngstown. He is a member of the Mahoning County and Ohio State Bar Associations, and is an independent in politics. WILLIAM I. DAVIES, former city clerk and city auditor of Youngstown, has for a number of years been a prominent figure in banking circles in that city. He is cashier of one of the oldest banks of Youngstown, the Mahoning National Bank. His home has been at Youngstown since 1880, when as a boy of four years he came from South Wales with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. William D. Davies. He was born in Wales, September 30, 1876. As a boy he attended the Front Street and the Oak Street Schools in Youngstown, and had his early business training as clerk in stores. From September, 1892, to 1896 he was employed in the city clerk 's office, then became assistant clerk under Fred C. Brown, and upon the resignation of Mr. Brown in February, 1900, he was chosen by the City Council to serve out the unexpired term. A few weeks later he was elected city clerk for the full term and was reelected. However, the new Ohio code going into effect made a new election necessary in May, 1903, and he was then chosen city auditor and twice reelected. At the close of his last term of city auditor, in December, 1911, he had served the city government continuously for almost twenty years. He left public office to become auditor of the Mahoning National Bank, was promoted to assistant cashier in 1916, and in 1918 succeeded W. J. Roberts as cashier. While assistant cashier he had been chosen treasurer of the Mahoning Savings & Trust Company, which is operated exclusively as a savings bank and under a separate charter, though under the same management and ownership as the Mahoning National Bank. Mr. Davies continues a public-spirited interest in civic affairs at Youngstown. In 1913 he was elected a member of the new charter commission. He is a Scottish Rite Mason and a member of the Knights of Pythias and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. On September 30, 1911, he married Miss Mary Webb Donaldson, of Youngstown. She died in May, 1916, leaving one child, Margaret Isabella Davies. RALPH HEATHERINGTON, who was captain of artillery during the World war, has gained a place of prominence in commercial, patriotic and civic affairs at Bellaire, his native city. He was born at Bellaire June 19, 1893. His grandfather, Ralph Heatherington, a native of England, came to America as a young man and first settled at Bridgeport, Ohio, and later moved to Bellaire. His brother, Jacob Heatherington, was an extensive pioneer coal operator in Eastern Ohio, owning large quantities of land, including all the town site of Bellaire before it became a railroad and industrial city. Jacob Heatherington built the famous home in Bellaire frequently referred to in early history as the House that Jack Built. It was then the finest home in Eastern Ohio if not in the entire state. Joseph W. Heatherington, father of Captain Ralph, was born at Bridgeport, in 1850, and was six years of age when the family moved to Bellaire. For many years he was a mechanic with the Belmont Casket Manufacturing Company at Shadyside, and has also been active in Bellaire public affairs, serving twenty years as superintendent of water works and six years as director of public safety. The J. W. Heatherington Tent, No. 145, of the Maccabees at Bellaire was named in his honor. He has served as a member of the Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is active in republican politics and the Second Presbyterian Church. Joseph W. Heatherington and wife have been married more than half a century. Her maiden name was Miranda Blackburn, and she was born at Wheeling, West Virginia. Captain Ralph Heatherington is the youngest in a family of six children. While attending the Bellaire High School he was a leader in athletics and for all four years was president of his class. Following that he spent a year in the engineering department of Washington and Jefferson College, then entered Ohio Wesleyan University, where he graduated Bachelor of Arts in 1916. At Ohio Wesleyan he was a Delta Tau Delta, participated in college athletics, and was a member of the famous Ohio Wesleyan Glee Club that visited forty-two states of the Union. His scholastic record brought him membership in the honorary fraternity Phi Beta Kappa. Captain Heatherington, after leaving Ohio Wesleyan, became a teacher and athletic instructor in historic Linsly Institute at Wheeling. He was there about a year when America entered the World war. On May 15, 1917, he entered the First Officers Training School at Fort Benjamin Harrison, was trained in the artillery, and received a commission as second lieutenant of artillery in August, 1917. He was assigned to duty with the Eighth Field Artillery Brigade, being regimental adjutant during the time the brigade was in the School of Fire at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, at Camp Wheeler, Georgia, and Camp McClellan, Alabama. He then went overseas to France, and from first lieutenant was promoted to captain on January 1, 1918. He served with the Eighth Field Artillery Brigade in France as regimental adjutant until June, 1919. He was at Camp Meucon and Pont-a-Meucon while in France. Following his return from the World war, Captain Heatherington spent six months in the engineering department of the City of Bellaire, being cost engineer on city paving. In 1920 he became teacher of modern European history in the Wheeling High School, and since February, 1923, has been salesman over West Virginia and Pennsylvania for the Standard Slag Company, Bellaire, branch. Captain Heatherington has had a prominent part in all the World war veterans' organizations. He has been a member of the executive committee of the state department of the American Legion and is a member of Bellaire Post. He also belongs to the social branch of the American Legion known as the 40 and 8 Society, being one of the charter members of the Ohio state organizations. He is also a member of the veterans' organization known as the Voitures, being an organizer of the Voitures in West Virginia, Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio, and in 1923 was chef de train and in 1924 chef de Garre, the highest office of the Ohio department. He is also head of the Belmont County Voitures, No. 139. He has kept up a lively interest in republican politics, serving on the Belmont County Executive Committee, was candidate for the State Legislature, and in 1920 was campaign manager of General Leonard Wood's campaign in the Eighteenth Congressional District of Ohio. He is a member of the Second Presbyterian Church, and has been superintendent of its Sunday school. Fraternally he is affiliated with Bellaire Lodge, No. 19, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Bellaire Lodge, No. 267, Free and Accepted Masons, Carson Lodge, Lodge of Perfection, Cutler Council, Princess of Jerusalem, HISTORY OF OHIO - 85 Drummond Chapter of the Rose Croix of the Valley of Steubenville, and Scioto Consistory of the Scottish Rite at Columbus, and also Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Columbus. He is former president of the Americus Club of Bellaire. Captain Heatherington withholds his active participation from no worthy civic or social enterprise. He has a splendid selection of war trophies, and his hobby is antique American furniture, of which he has selected many notable specimens. Captain Heatherington has one son, Fred Ralph Heatherington. THOMAS HERSCHEL WHITESIDE, D. D. S., was one of the veteran, honored and representative dental practitioners in the City of Youngstown, Mahoning County, at the time of his death, July 13, 1921, and such was his sterling character, such his worthy achievement, that to him is due a memorial tribute in this history. Doctor Whiteside was born at Harmonsburg, Pennsylvania, August 29, 1849, and was a son of James and Mary Martha (Nelson) Whiteside, who passed their entire lives in the old Keystone State, where the father conducted for a number of years a resort hotel on Conneaut Lake in Crawford County. Doctor Whiteside gained his early education in the common schools of Pennsylvania, and as a boy and youth he gained no little reputation as a successful hunter and trapper, besides which he developed marked skill as a disciple of Izaak Walton, his early opportunities for fishing having been excellent, as the family home was maintained much of the time in the Lakeside Hotel, mentioned earlier in this paragraph. It may be recorded also that as a youth he manufactured the first clinker boats used for rowing on this lake, and he sold each of these boats for seventy-five dollars. Ambitious and self-reliant, with marked mental vigor, Doctor Whiteside not only advanced his education by attending Alleghany College, at Meadville, Pennsylvania, but also studied dentistry under private preceptorship prior to entering the Pennsylvania Dental College at Philadelphia, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the dadassf 1874. Thereafter the Doctor was engaged in practice for a time at Meadville, and later he was established in practice at Jamestown, Pennsylvania, where he remained until he came with his family to Ohio and established his home at Youngstown. Here he built up a substantial and representative practice that marked him as one of the leading dentists in this section of the state, and he continued in the active practice of his profession until his death, in July, 1921. He was identified with various professional organizations, was a Knights Templar Mason, and at Youngstown was a zealous member of the Tabernacle United Presbyterian Church. The Doctor was a man of fine personality, and in all of the relations of his long and useful life he manifested a high sense of personal stewardship. December 19, 1872, recorded the marriage of Doctor Whiteside and Miss Flora Grier, who was born at Harmonsburg, Pennsylvania, February 27, 1852, a daughter of Dr. James Wilson Grier and Jane Eliza (McClure) Grier.. Doctor Grier was born in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, and became one of the skilled and influential physicians and surgeons of his day in his native state. He was a son of James and Frances (Wilson) Grier, the former of whom was born in Germany and the latter in Ireland. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Whiteside has continued to maintain her residence in Youngstown, where she owns and occupies a beautiful modern home at 117 East Midlothian Boulevard. Of the children the eldest is James Grier Whiteside, who is a wholesale dealer in dental supplies at Youngstown; Pearl is the wife of Venice J. Lamb, of Youngstown; and William H. and Frank P. likewise reside in this city. There were also two other daughters, each of whom died in infancy. Mrs. Whiteside, a woman of culture and most gracious personality, has long been a popular factor in church, social and cultural circles in Youngstown. She had the advantages not only of the Pennsylvania State Normal School at Edinboro, but also attended Hillsdale College, at Hillsdale, Michigan, besides which she received art training under able instructors and is specially talented as an artist in oil painting, as well as in sketching and drawing, her own art productions adding greatly to the attractiveness of her home, which is known for its generous hospitality. Mrs. Whiteside is an influential member of the Garden Club of Youngstown, of which she has served as secretary, as well as holding other official positions. MOZART GALLUP in the course of a very long and useful life was identified with Sandusky as a mamanufactur,anker and civic leader, and his name is especially honored in that Ohio community. He represented old New England ancestry, and was born at Agawam, Massachusetts, May 25, 1829, the son of Palmer and Desire (Ball) Gallup, his father a native of Groton and his mother of Agawam, Massachusetts, the latter being a daughter of Capt. Eli Ball, also a native of Massachusetts. The paternal grandparents were Ben Adam and Cynthia (Fish) Gallup, natives of Massachusetts. The former. Gallup was a very talented musician and taught music in Boston and named his son in honor of one of his favorite composers. Mozart Gallup was educated in a literary institute at Suffield, Connecticut, and was fifteen years of age when he came west to Ohio, being employed in a general store at Elyria for several years. For six years he was county auditor of Lorain County. After selling his store he became a cheese manufacturer, and for a year and a half was in Glasgow, SeScotland,ssociated with his brother-in-law, Mr. Fish; in the asbestos business. On returning to the United States Mr. Gallup located at Sandusky, and became financially interested in the Sandusky Tool Company and finally bought and became sole proprietor of that important industry. He was at its active head until his death on September 6, 1923. He was buried in the old family cemetery at Mystic, Connecticut. The late Mr. Gallup was president of the Commercial Bank at Sandusky for many years. He was a life member of the Sandusky Yacht Club, an honorary member of the Sunyendeand Club, belonged to the Sons of the American Revolution at Cleveland and the Founders and Patriarchs of America. His ancestry went back to the time of the Mayflower. He was a very active Presbyterian, holding most of the church offices. The first wife of Mr. Gallup was Mary Bagg, who died two years after her marriage, leaving a son, Frank M., now deceased. His second wife was Hannah Gilbert, who left a daughter, Mary H. of Sandusky. In 1900 Mr. Gallup married Gladys H., myer, who was born at Lindsay, Ohio, daughter of Louis W. and Lovina (Foster) Overmyer, natives of Sandusky and granddaughter of William and Elizabeth (Eversole) Overmyer, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Sandusky. William Overmyer was one of the earliest settlers of the Black Swamp of Ohio, building a log cabin and developing a thrifty farm, the village of Lindsay now occuping a portion of it. Mrs. Gallup's maternal grandparents were Christopher and Catherine (Overmyer) Foster, natives of Pennsylvania. The father of Mrs. Gallup was a teacher for several years, and a talented musician, being a band leader, and individually a master performer on the wind instruments. He' conducted a lumber business for 86 - HISTORY OF OHIO some years, and with a brother was in the general mercantile business at Lindsay forty-two years, a portion of that time serving as postmaster. He was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was a member of the English Reformed Church. Mrs. Gallup has her home at 532 Wayne Street at Sandusky. She grew up and received her public school education at Lindsay, Ohio. She is an active member of the Presbyterian Church and the Daughters of the American Revolution. SAMUEL GRAHAM ADAIR, M. D. For a period of forty-five years Doctor Adair has practiced medicine in Beverly, Washington County. He is one of the honored old citizens of that community, respected for his professional attainment and also as one of the last surviving veterans of the Civil war. He comes of a military family, several of whom were soldiers in the Civil war, and his own sons were enrolled at the time of the World war. Doctor Adair was born at Winterset, Guernsey County, Ohio, September 16, 1847, son of Arthur B. and Ellen (Orr) Adair. His mother was born in Ireland, and was an infant when her parents came to America and settled in Ohio. Arthur B. Adair was also a native of Guernsey County, and spent his active career as a farmer. On August 20, 1861, he volunteered as a Union soldier for a period of three years or the duration of the war. He was in Company C of the Thirtieth Ohio Infantry, and participated in the splendid record of the regiment in battles, including Carnifax Ferry, South Mountain, Antietam, Vicksburg, Jackson, Missionary Ridge, Dallas, Georgia, the general assault at Kenesaw Mountain, siege of Atlanta, Georgia, Jonesboro, North Carolina. Samuel Graham Adair was reared on a farm, attended local schools, and due to his rugged strength and constitution he was accepted as a volunteer when only fifteen years of age. He was assigned duty in the Transportation Department, and drove pack mules from Camp Nelson, Kentucky, to Cumberland Gap. After the war he continued his education at Atwood Institute in Albany, Athens County, and was a teacher in Athens County, for two years having charge of the Marshfield Academy and was also connected with the schools at Amesville. Doctor Adair began the reading of medicine under his brother, Dr. William Adair, at Amesville, Ohio. Dr. William Adair was also a veteran of the Civil war, serving with an infantry regiment, and was a graduate of Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati. Samuel Graham Adair also attended lectures and graduated in 1879 from Ohio Medical College. He began his private practice at Marshfield in Athens County, but later in the same year, in the fall of 1879, located at Beverly in Washington County. He has performed the duties of a country practitioner, doing the heavy work required in the days before the general installation of telephones and the building of good roads. He has kept in touch with the advancing discoveries of the medical and surgical profession, and in 1901 attended post-graduate school in Chicago. Doctor Adair served twenty years as a member of the Pension Board, for a similar length of time was a member of the Beverly School Board, and has also served on the Health Board. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and a republican in politics. Doctor Adair married Miss Ella F. Patterson, of Amesville, daughter of John Patterson. Five children were born to their marriage. The daughter, Florence B., is the wife of Truman C. T. Wells, of Beverly. Dr. Wilbur G. is a dentist practicing at Cincinnati. Dr. Frank E. is a graduate of Marietta College, graduated in medicine at Johns Hopkins University of Baltimore and spent fourteen months overseas during the World war, holding the rank of captain in the Medical Corps, at first assigned duty at a base hospital and then at his own request was put on the battle line in the Motor Medical Service. He is now a New York surgeon. The third son, Raymond G., enlisted during the World war, being a private, corporal, sergeant, and at the Officers Training School at Fort Sherman received a first lieutenant 's commission, and during the last months of the war was engaged in training soldiers at Camp Hancock, Georgia. He is now safety director of the American Rolling Mills at Middletown, Ohio. The oldest child, Lee P. Adair, born in 1880, was associated with the construction department of the Bell Telephone Company, and died as the result of influenza at the age of forty in Pennsylvania. HENRY LEROY SENSEMAN, M. D. Possessed of an excellent training, a real predilection for his profession and a genuine liking therefor, Dr. LeRoy Senseman has made notable strides in the ranks of medicine and surgery since his entry therein in 1913, particularly in the field of treatment and cure of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, in which he specializes. While he has not been long a resident of Miamisburg, since his arrival in this community he has made a favorable impression, and in addition to building up a satisfying practice has established numerous friendships. Doctor Senseman was born in 1886, at West Charleston, Ohio, and is a son of Cornelius and Cecelia Senseman, farming people of that community, where they were held in high esteem. In his youth he attended the public schools, and in 1903 was graduated from the high school at Bethel, Ohio, following which he pursued a course at Jacobs' Business College. His education at this time was interrupted, and for three years he worked as a stenographer and bookkeeper, at the end of that period he again became a student, this time at Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, from which he was graduated with his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1913. Doctor Senseman spent one year in a hospital, nine months as an extern and three months as an interne, and in 1914 was forced to go West because of the ill health of his brother, whom he accompanied to Denver, Colorado. After practicing for two years in Colorado Doctor Senseman returned to Ohio and took up his residence at Port Williams, where he spent five years in practice. This was followed by two and one-half years at Dayton. He then spent six months in post-graduate work at New Orleans and Chicago, after which he settled at Miamisburg, where he has since made his home and followed his calling. He occupies four well-appointed rooms, used for office purposes, and they are equipped with all modern appliances known to the profession, particularly in the line of work used in the treatment of ailments of the eye, ear, nose and throat, in which Doctor Senseman specializes, although he also carries on a large general practice. He has been a thorough student of his profession, and since obtaining his degree has done postgraduate work at the Polyclinic School, Chicago, and Tulane University, New Orleans. He belongs to the Montgomery County Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, and is medical examiner for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, the Ohio State Life Insurance Company, and others. He belongs to the Alpha Mu Pi Omega college fraternity, and his religious connection is with the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1915 Doctor Senseman was united in marriage with Miss Grace E. Solt, of Columbus, Ohio, daughter of Charles and Catherine Solt. She was educated at Lancaster, Ohio, and at the Ohio Northern University, Ada, and is an active club and social worker and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Three HISTORY OF OHIO - 87 children have been born to Doctor and Mrs. Senseman: Cornelius, aged eight years, who is attending public school at Miamisburg; Paul, aged six years; and Lewis, aged four years. HERMAN R. BERNSTEIN. Much progress has been made during recent years in the preservation of the vision by fitting the eyes with proper glasses. Not only is failing sight restored through the medium of glasses, but serious defects either cured or counteracted by the use of them, and state and national regulations are now protecting the public against incompetent persons. One of the members of this profession at Hamilton who has been very active in securing the establishment of a State Board of Examiners for his calling, and who is the oldest optometrist in practice in Butler County, is Herman R. Bernstein. Mr. Bernstein was born in Prussia, June 16, 1870, a son of Isaac and Sarah Bernstein, both of whom are now deceased. The father was a farmer and innkeeper of Prussia. Coming to the United States as a lad of fifteen years, alone and friendless, Herman R. Bernstein has made his own way in the world and his present prosperity is very creditable to him. Landing at Baltimore, Maryland, he went from there to Cincinnati, Ohio, and after three days con- tinued his journey to Felicity, Clermont County, Ohio. There he attended the public schools, and later took up work in the night schools of Cincinnati. Five brothers and three sisters of Mr. Bernstein also came to the United States, including : Henry, who is a merchant of Cincinnati ; Lee, who is a merchant of Portland, Maine ; Mose, who is a realtor of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Mrs. Anna Cotton and Jennie, both of whom reside at Portland, Maine. It was with one of his brothers that Mr. Bernstein began his business career in the dry goods trade at Batavia, Ohio, and then after two years he took a course at the South Bend Optical College. Following his graduation he opened an office as an optometrist at Monterey, Ohio, and maintained it for three years. Then for four years he was located at Owenwell, Ohio, and for three years he was at Batavia, Ohio. In 1902 he established himself permanently at Hamilton, over the Frechtling Dry Goods Company 's store, and subsequently moved to his present beautiful and spacious quarters, 27 Main Street. As before stated, he was a very strong and active advocate of the State Board of Examiners, and was licensed by the first board in 1920. His equipment is complete and very modern, including globe, sanitary test cabinet, globe sanitary chair, ophtholanotometer, and similar devices. For the past eighteen years he has belonged to the state and national associations of his calling. While he is a republican, he is not active in local party affairs. Fraternally he maintains membership with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past grand, and the Knights of Pythias. In 1897 Mr. Bernstein was married to Miss Bella Crosley, of Clermont County, Ohio, a daughter of James and Mary Crosley. Mr. and Mrs. Bernstein have no children. R. EARL VAN DERVEER has been a leading member of the Montgomery County bar since 1907, having conducted a successful practice at Dayton until the war, and since then has had his offices in Miamisburg. Mr. Van Derveer is one of the most forceful orators and campaigners of the republican party in this section of Ohio. He was born at Franklin, Ohio, October 9, 1883, son of Benjamin and Ella (Thirkield) Van Derveer. His father was a business man at Franklin, where the son was reared, and he attended public schools. He continued his education in the Middletown High School, graduated from the Steel High School in 1902, and for a time studied in a big law office. He completed his legal education in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, graduating in 1907. Soon afterwards he opened his law offices in Dayton, and gained an important volume of high class business. He closed his office entirely in 1918 to enter the Government service as an inspector in the air craft division. After the armistice he resumed practice, with an office at Miamisburg. Mr. Van Derveer was admitted to practice before the United States Supreme Court in 1920, and during 1922-23 served as inheritance tax collector in Montgomery County. He is a member of the Dayton and Ohio State Bar associations. Mr. Van Derveer, who is unmarried, is a member of the Masonic Lodge, Knights of Pythias, Junior Order United American Mechanics, Rotary Club, Methodist Episcopal Church, is chairman of the Community Welfare Association, and has held every office in the national, state and local chapters of the Alpha Omega college fraternity. In 1924 Mr. Van Derveer was elected a delegate of the Ohio State Republican Convention. In former years he served as president of the Taft Club at Dayton, Ohio, as secretary of the Garfield Club, as president of the G. O. P. Club, and president of the Harding Club of Montgomery County. He is a member of the Union League Club at Dayton. He has campaigned in every election for about twenty years, and his work as an effective figure has caused the committee to assign him speaking tours over the entire state. WALTER DALE. It is a somewhat remarkable fact that although farming is a very exacting occupation there is not any other from which men can retire with so good a competency while they have yet a number of years in which to enjoy the comfort and leisure to which their former years of industry entitle them. There is not a city or smaller community in the country which has not its element of retired farmers, and these men, with plenty of time at their disposal, ripened by experience, and broadened by the knowledge they have acquired, are able to give to civic affairs a consideration and attention that others still in the arena of business activity cannot. Elyria is one of the smaller cities of the Commonwealth of Ohio who numbers among its most highly esteemed citizens a number of retired farmers, and one worthy of special mention among this class is Walter Dale, who is now eighty-four years old. Walter Dale was born in La Grange Township, Lorain County, Ohio, August 27, 1840, a son of Abbott and Malinda (Pease) Dale, natives of Western Vermont, who in 1835 came to Lorain County. They made the long trip by way of the Erie Canal to Buffalo, New York, and from there by lake traffic to Cleveland, Ohio, and completed their trip with teams. Buying fifty acres of wild land, which was divided by the Black River, Abbott Dale worked hard to clear it of timber. When they moved on the place there was a small log house standing, but it was not long before he built another house, and tearing down the old one used the logs for fencing his farmyard. His death occurred on this farm in August, 1872, and her death, in January, 1873. Walter Dale did not receive very good educational advantages, but he did supplement the knowledge gained in the district schools with one term at a select school when he was twenty years old. After having had some little experience in working on neighboring farms, when he was twenty-one years old Walter Dale took charge of his father 's farm, and operated it in partnership with his brother-in-law until 1867, when the partnership was dissolved and Mr. Dale worked 88 - HISTORY the farm alone until 1872. In that year he moved on a farm of eighty acres on Vermont Street in La Grange Township, to which he subsequently added forty acres more. In 1886 he bought twenty-eight acres in, the City of La Grange. This last he sold in 1912, and in 1913 came to Elyria, where he bought a new modern residence, 217 Howe Street, where he has since lived retired. On December 20, 1866, Mr. Dale married Loantha White, who was born in Pittsfield Township, Lorain County, a daughter of Jonathan and Samantha (Amy) White, natives of Saratoga Springs, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Dale had one daughter, Addie, who was born in 1868. She died in 1912. Mrs. Dale died in July, 1896. In December, 1898, Mr. Dale married Helen M. (Rawson) Arnold, who was born in Pittsfield Township, Lorain County, a daughter of Ropha and Betsy (Fulton) Rawson, natives of New York. The second Mrs. Dale died in March, 1915. On September 14, 1915, Mr. Dale married Mrs. May E. (Ingersoll) Billings, who was born at Grafton, Ohio, September 28, 1851, a daughter of Edwin H. and Amelia Ann (Kinsley) Ingersoll. She was the widow of George M. Billings, who was born at La Grange, Ohio, a son of Orson and Sophronia (Buell) Billings, natives of New York. By her first marriage Mrs. Dale had the following children: Pearl A., who is the wife of Frank Gibson, of Cleveland, Ohio, and has two children, Lisle B., who served overseas in the Red Cross during the World war, although only seventeen years old, and Ford M.; Frank C., who resides at Elyria, Ohio, married Maude McNelly, and they have one son, Frank. Mr. Dale is a Methodist, and while residing at La Grange was active as a class leader and as a member of the official board of the church. He also belonged to the Knights of Pythias Lodge at La Grange. FRANK CYRUS BILLINGS, an ex-turnkey at the county jail for Lorain County, is one of the representative men of Elyria, and one who has been responsible for a good many of the improvements in this locality and in and about La Grange. He was born at La Grange, Ohio, June 14, 1873, a son of George Mortimer and May E. (Ingersoll) Billings, the latter now Mrs. Walter Dale of Elyria. George Mortimer Billings was born at La Grange (a son of Orsen and Sophronia (Buell) Billings, natives of Rochester, New York. Orsen Billings was an inventor of considerable note, among his inventions being the first corn planter, a ball and socket as swivel gear. He was also a manufacturer of organs, and built a factory at Elyria, intending to manufacture them and some of the many appliances his inventive genius was constantly producing, but his health failed and he died soon after settling in this city. May E. Ingersoll was born at Belden, Ohio, a daughter of Edwin and Amelia (Kinsley) Ingersoll, who were married in Lorain County. Amelia Kinsley was a daughter of Daniel Kinsley, one of the first settlers of Lorain County. George Mortimer Billings was for some years a farmer of Lorain County, but during the latter part of his life he lived in retirement at Elyria, where he died. After his death his widow was married to Walter Dale. Until he was eighteen years old Frank Cyrus Billings attended the public schools of La Grange, but then went to Topeka, Kansas, and was there engaged in farming for two years. In the fall of 1893 he returned home, and then visited the World's Fair at Chicago, Illinois. Coming back to the old homestead, he operated it until 1896, and then rented it. When his father died he bought the interest of his mother and sister in the 240 acres, in La Grange Township, and continued to operate this valuable farm until 1919, when he came to Elyria and embarked in a real estate business, which he conducted for three years.: He was also deputy sheriff, and on January 1, 1923, was appointed turnkey at the county jail, but re-engaged in the real estate business in August, 1923. On March 9, 1896, Mr. Billings married Maude Evelyn McNelly, who was born at Elyria, Ohio, a daughter of James and Bertha (Tippin) McNelly, natives of Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Billings have one son, Dorrwood Arthur, who was born January 19, 1898, and is a resident of Elyria. He married Anna Richmond, a native of La Grange, and a daughter of W. B. and Mary (Cliff) Richmond, natives of La Grange, and they have a son named Jack R. Mr. Billings attends the Church of Christ. He is a democrat and for two terms served as a trustee of La Grange, and for one term was a member of the school board. It is due to his public spirit and good management that the first stone road was built outside of La Grange. Fraternally he maintains membership with the Masonic order, the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America, all of La Grange; and of the Fraternal Order of Eagles and of the Loyal Order of Maccabees, both of Elyria. He also belongs to the Lorain County Auto Club. HARRY J. TIETIG, president of the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Miamisburg, has been well and favorably known in that great tobacco center for a number of years as a dealer in leaf tobacco. The Farmers and Merchants Bank was organized December 21, 1923, with a capital stock of $30,000 and surplus of $6,000. Mr. Harry J. Tietig became president and Fred W. Rosnagle, cashier, and these two officers have as associate directors : S. W. Mitchell, J. G. Kline, V. L. Spriggs, William Kuhn, A. M. Frye, W. B. Byers and Virgil S. Knight. Mr. Harry J. Tietig was born April 2, 1873, at Cincinnati, son of Henry and Freda (Kahle) Tietig. His father was in the leaf tobacco business at Miamisburg until his death on October 2, 1923, being survived by his widow. Harry J. Tietig is a graduate of high school in Cincinnati, and then was associated with his father in the cigar business until 1907. Since that year his home has been in Miamisburg, and he has been one of the prominent men in the leaf tobacco business there, doing business with practically all the tobacco growers in Southwestern Ohio. Mr. Tietig is also director of the Miamisburg Building and Loan Association, and is a Royal Arch Mason. He married Miss Blanche Slusser, of Cincinnati, in 1899. She is a graduate of the Cincinnati High School, and is a member of the Dayton Woman's Club. They have one daughter, Beatrice, who gradu- ated from the Miamisburg High School, attended Western College for Women at Oxford, Ohio, and is now taking a secretarial course in the Bliss College of Columbus. MAJ. CHARLES TILDEN HUNT, M. D., of Miamisburg, who served with the rank of major in the Medical Corps during the World war, has been a prominent man in his profession in Montgomery County for nearly twenty years and enjoys exceptional standing as a citizen and a useful member of his community. He was born at West Sonora, Ohio, October 6, 1876, son of Joseph and Milvina (Rex) Hunt, the latter living. His father was a farmer, and died in 1908. Doctor Hunt grew up in a country district, graduated from the high school at Ansonia, Ohio, in 1896, and for several years was engaged in teaching, his school work being done principally in the City of Springfield. In 1902 he entered the Ohio-Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, was graduated in 1906, and in the same year began the general practice of HISTORY OF OHIO - 89 medicine and surgery in Miamisburg, where he has continued with little interruption. He is a member of the Montgomery County, Ohio State and American Medical Associations, and was vice-president of the Montgomery County Society in 1908. In addition to his general practice Mr. Hunt served as health officer of Miamisburg, Ohio, for two years prior to the World war, and does a large amount of work for insurance companies, acting as examiner for such well-known organizations as the Preferred Life, Globe Indemnity, Union Central Life, National of Hartford, North American Accident, National Life, Metropolitan, Postal Life, Washington Life, Pittsburgh Life and Trust, Midland Mutual, Aetna Life, Western and Southern Life, American Central, Lincoln National, Gem City, Hartford Life, Equitable Life, Ohio State, International Life, Life Extension Institute, Masonic Mutual and Travelers Life. Doctor Hunt was commissioned a captain in the Medical Corps of the United States Army April 26, 1917, and was stationed for duty at Fort Thomas, Kentucky. On March 15, 1918, he was promoted to the rank of major, and was recommended by his superior officers for promotion to lieutenant colonel, but the armistice came too soon to carry out that promotion. Since the war he has held the rank of major in the Medical Reserve Corps. Major Hunt is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Lodge and Encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and is a Methodist. He married in 1898 Miss Grace Anna Fry, of Ansonia, Ohio, a graduate of the high school there and of Mount Union College. She takes an active part in social and civic affairs, being a member of the Monday Night Club and the Eastern Star at Miamisburg. Doctor and Mrs. Hunt have one daughter, Marjorie Lois, who is a graduate of the Miamis- burg High School, and is now the wife of Herbert F. Rader, of Mohawk, Tennessee, who is connected with the National Cash Register Company. Mr. and Mrs. Rader have one child, Joyce Evelyn. Doctor Hunt has a beautiful residence and office at South Fifth Street. CARL CLINTON BORDEN, M. D. A physician and surgeon at Miamisburg, Doctor Borden has had the advantage of unusual experience and the opportunities of training in some of the foremost schools and hospitals of the country. He has a profitable practice, and the best years of his life lie before him, his attainments promising him a high rank in the medical fraternity of Ohio. Doctor Borden was born at Eureka, Kansas, September 1, 1893, but was reared and has spent most of his life in Ohio. His parents were Perry and Ada (Couchman) Borden, his father a rancher and farmer. Carl Clinton Borden graduated in 1910 from the high school at Springsboro, Ohio, did his pre-medical work in the Ohio Wesleyan University of Delaware and graduated in medicine from the Ohio State University in 1915. He had experience as an interne in St. Elizabeth's Hospital at Dayton, and completed two courses in the New York Post-Graduate School and also two courses in the New York Lying-in Hospital. Doctor Borden for four years carried on a general practice at Springsboro, and since 1919 his home has been in Miamisburg. On removing to Miamisburg he resigned as vice president of the Warren County Medical Society. He is a member of the Montgomery County, Ohio State and American Medical Associations, and he acts as examiner for the Union Central Life Insurance Company, for the Capital Savings Life, the Midland Mutual and the American Insurance Union. Doctor Borden is serving as chairman of the Crippled Children's Committee of the Rotary Club. Dur ing the World war he was a member of the Medical Reserve Corps. He is a thirty-second. degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. He married Miss Ethel Pence, of Springsboro, Ohio, September 7, 1914. Her parents are W. C. and Clara (Blackford) Pence, her father a retired farmer at Springsboro. Mrs. Borden was educated in the Springsboro High School, and takes an active part in church and social affairs at Miamisburg. They have two children: Craig Warren, born August 31, 1915, and Helen Louise, born July 1, 1917. GEORGE H. GERKE, superintendent of the public schools, began teaching as a young man, and has continued the profession for over twenty years, acquiring a broad range of experience in school affairs. Mr. Gerke was born at Martins's Ferry, Belmont County, Ohio, October 2, 1879, son of August and Augusta (Hasselman) Gerke. August came to this country from Germany while the Civil war was in progress, and three weeks after his arrival enlisted in the Union Army. He was in service two years, until wounded at the battle of Chancellorsville, and for over a year was suffering from his wounds in the hospital. He then rejoined his regiment, and remained until the close of the war, but died at the comparatively early age of forty-nine as the result of wounds and exposure. His widow now lives at Dillonvale. George H. Gerke was reared on a farm in Jefferson County, Ohio, and attended rural schools and the high school at Dillonvale. In the meantime he had begun teaching, spending three years in rural school work in Jefferson County, for four years was principal of the Tiltonsville schools, taught for two years in the Knox Township High School in Jefferson County, and for one year was assistant postmaster at Dillon-vale. From 1910 to 1914 he was principal of the high school at Franklin, was district superintendent of Warren County from 1914 to 1916, and from 1916 to 1918 was superintendent at Kings Mills, Ohio. Since 1918 he has been superintendent of the Franklin public schools. In the meantime he was continuing his own higher education. In 1917 he graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree from the National Normal University at Lebanon, and graduated Bachelor of Arts from Wilmington College, Wilmington, Ohio, in 1918. A member of the Warren County Teachers Association, he served twelve years as a member of its executive committee. He was a member of the Sectional Teachers Association, the State Teachers Association, and for four years was a member of the Board of Examiners of Warren County. At Franklin he has under his supervision a school system, including four school buildings, a staff of twenty-six teachers, and 850 pupils. Under his supervision the schools have made a great deal of progress since he took charge. He served as master in 1922 of the Masonic Lodge, and is a member of the Rotary Club of Franklin. On September 1, 1903, he married Miss Margaret Tidrick, of Sherodsville, Ohio, daughter of Benjamin and Arabelle (Russell) Tidrick. Her father was a prominent contractor of Sherodsville. Mrs. Gerke was educated in rural schools in Carroll County, in the high school at Rayland, and is a member of the Mothers' Club of Franklin. Both she and Mr. Gerke are active workers in the Methodist Church. They have three children, Wilma, born in 1905, educated in the Franklin High School, and now assistant bookkeeper in the First and Merchants National Bank of Middletown; Mildred, born in 1908, and Helen, born in 1914. SILAS S. STAHL, M. D., a prominent man in his profession in Warren County, Dr. Silas S. Stahl is a 90 - HISTORY OF OHIO physician and surgeon at Franklin, and is a man of unusual accomplishments and experience. He was in the medical service during the World war. He was born at Fostoria, Ohio, March 10, 1869, son of Levi and Mary (Longnecker) Stahl. His mother died in 1878. His father, still living, has been a successful farmer. Silas S. Stahl was reared on an Ohio farm, attended public schools, graduated from the Fostoria Academy in 1888, and while working at other things, paid his way through several other institutions of learning. He graduated from the Kidder Academy at Kidder, Missouri, and in 1895 received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Drury College at Springfield, Missouri, and his Master of Arts degree from the same institution in 1898. In 1899 he was a post-graduate student of chemistry in the University of Chicago. Doctor Stahl in 1896 was elected professor of science in Southern Collegiate Institute at Albion, Illinois, and held that chair for four years. He graduated in medicine in 1905 from St. Louis University, and in the fall of that year was elected assistant professor of surgery under Dr. C. M. Nicholson of the St. Louis University. In 1906 he located at Franklin, Ohio, where he engaged in general practice. Doctor Stahl in 1918 went to France as assistant medical director under the Young Men's Christian Association. Prior to leaving this country he took special work in children's diseases in the New York Polyclinic. While in general practice, he is recog- nized as a specialist in anesthesia. Doctor Stahl is a member of the Warren County, the Ohio State and American Medical associations. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, and a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Eastern Star. He is local examiner for a number of life insurance companies, including the Metropolitan, the Prudential, the Union, the Gem City, the Equitable, the Northwestern, the Western and Southern, and the Columbia. Doctor Stahl married Miss Anna Mary Sellers, of Albion, Illinois, daughter of. Doctor Amos and Myra (Maltbie) Sellers. Her father was a successful physician at Waynesville, Ohio, and died in 1879, while the mother of Mrs. Stahl died in 1900. Mrs. Stahl is a finished musician, having studied under the instruction of John Van Cleve, William H. Sherwood and Frederick Grant Gleeson of Chicago, and in the College of Music at Cincinnati. For five years she taught music in the Southern Collegiate Institute at Albion, Illinois, where Doctor Stahl was also a professor. Mrs. Stahl is a member of the Mother Tongue Club, the Woman 's Music Club of Dayton, is past worthy matron of the Eastern Star, and is organist in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Both Doctor and Mrs. Stahl are active in church affairs, Doctor Stahl having been a member of the official board of the church since he has been a member, and is also district steward. The only child of Doctor and Mrs. Stahl was Edward, who died in infancy. They have an adopted daughter, Kate Ellen, who is a graduate of the Oxford College for Women at Oxford, Ohio. GUY GAYNOR, who was with the Marines in France 'until wounded in one of the important battles in which the American troops were engaged, since the war has completed his law studies, is well established in practice at Franklin, and is mayor of that town. Mr. Gaynor was born at Franklin, Ohio, June 4, 1898, son of Patrick and Amanda (Van Dyke) Gaynor. His father earned his reputation as a lawyer of exceptional ability in Franklin. Guy Gaynor was reared and educated in his native town, attending high school there, and in 1917, soon after America entered the World war, he enlisted and joined the Marine Corps. He saw fourteen months of service in France, being at Verdun and in the battles of Chateau Thierry and Soissons, where he was wounded July 19, 1918. For four months he was in a hospital in France, was invalided home, and received his discharge from the army May 7, 1919. Mr. Gaynor is a member of the American Legion and Wounded Veterans of the World War. Soon after returning from the army he entered the Cincinnati Law School, was graduated in 1922, and in the same year engaged in general practice at Franklin. He is unmarried. Mr. Gaynor was elected mayor November 19, 1923, and began his duties in January, 1924. As mayor he handles all the city criminal cases as magistrate, and also some civil cases. He was elected as mayor on the motto, "enforcement of law without discrimination." He is a member of the Warren County and Ohio State Bar associations, is a republican, being active in party affairs, is a member of the Phi Alpha Delta, law fraternity, and the Methodist Church. THE OXFORD RETREAT is One of the oldest hospitals for the treatment of mental and nervous diseases in Ohio. It is an incorporated institution, the first incorporation having been made in 1882, under the laws of Ohio. In forty years this has become one of the largest private sanatoriums in the Middle West, being firmly established in the confidence of the people and also having the hearthy endorsement of the medical profession. The Retreat is located on a site of ninety acres of beautiful country in the vicinity of Oxford in Butler County, and the grounds are made attractive through nature and landscape gardening. The main building, erected at a cost of $100,000, contains 144 rooms, divided into wards of ten to thirteen rooms each. Besides the rooms and other facilities affording creature comfort to the patients there are many other departments of the sanatorium, including amusement hall and gymnasium facilities, equipment for electrotherapy and hydrotherapy. Dr. G. F. Cook, who took charge in 1883, was a graduate of the Medical College of Ohio. He died September 21, 1910. He was succeeded by his son, Dr. R. Harvey Cook, who is now physician-in-chief and president of the corporation. Dr. R. Harvey Cook is also a graduate of the Ohio Medical College, and after graduating became associated with his father in the Retreat. He is a man of recognized prominence in his profession, being a member of the American Medical Association, the Medico-Psychological Association, the Cincinnati Academy of Medicine, and the Butler County and Ohio State Medical societies. Dr. R. Harvey Cook has two sons, likewise physicians and surgeons, and representing the third consecutive generation of the family. Both sons are graduates of Ohio Medical College. George Harvey Cook, the older, spent one year as an interne in a hospital at Los Angeles, California, and is now engaged in the practice of surgery at San Diego, California. The other son, Malcolm 0. Cook, served one year as an interne in the General Hospital at Cincinnati. EVERT E. WILLIAMS has been a member of the Butler County bar for more than a quarter of a century, and is the leading representative of his profession in the University City of Oxford. He was born in Preble County, Ohio, September 26, 1867, son of John H. and Caroline (Jordon) Williams. His mother is now deceased. Mr. Williams attended public schools in his native county, finished his literary education in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, and in 1896 was graduated from the law department of Cincinnati University. All his higher education was paid for out of his own earnings, chiefly school teaching. He established his HISTORY OF OHIO - 91 home at Hamilton in 1895, but in 1896 moved to Oxford, where he has had an extensive general practice I ever since. For twelve years he served as a member of the school board. He is a member of Oxford Lodge of Masons, and Hamilton Royal Arch Chapter. On October 12, 1898, Mr. Williams married Miss ,Anna M. Schlingman, of Preble County, daughter of Adolph and Alvena (Schreel) Schlingman, who settled in Preble County on coming from Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Williams have one son, Charles A., born July 11, 1900. He is a graduate of the Oxford High School, finished the course in Miami University with the class of 1922, and for one year was employed by the Pure Oil Company, but is now connected with the Philadelphia Electric Company at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ELBERT B. ALSTON for the past fifteen years has been one of the most prominent general insurance and real estate men in the City of Hamilton. As a younger man he was engaged in the building business, and his experience has brought him unusual qualifications for handling all responsibilities connected with the management of real property. Mr. Alston was born in Butler County, December 13, 1864, son of Montgomery P. and Elizabeth (Herr) Alston. His paternal grandfather was Wallace Austin, and his maternal grandfather, Henry Herr, both of whom came to Southern Ohio from Pennsylvania. Elbert B. Alston attended public schools of Butler County, and from school took up work in the building trades, and was in building construction work at Hamilton for twenty years or more. Mr. Alston was one of the incorporators of the McGinley-Alston Company, real estate and insurance, a company that took over the business of the Myers and McGinley Company, which had been organized in 1905. Since 1910 Mr. Alston has given all his time to the real estate and insurance business. He controls the McGinley-Alston Company, which specializes in insurance, representing such standard organizations as the Aetna Fire Insurance Company, the Springfield Fire & Marine Insurance Company, the Hartford Fire' Insurance Company, the Queen Fire Insurance Company, the American Central Fire Insurance Company, the Atlas Fire Insurance Company, the Pennsylvania Fire Insurance Company, the Philadelphia Fire & Marine Insurance Company, the Royalty Indemnity Company, and the United States Fidelity & Guarantee Company. In the general real estate business Mr. Alston has developed and sold an eighty-acre tract in lots on the Aragon Road, 130-acre tract sold in acre lots on the Darr Town Pike, and does an extensive business in buying and selling and in building houses for sale, utilizing to a large extent his individual capital. He is a director in the Arcade Building Company. Mr. Alston is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Methodist Church. He married in 1891 Miss Katherine Law, of Hamilton, daughter of John and Katherine (Graham) Law. She was educated in the Hamilton High School and in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, and for several years before her marriage was a popular school teacher. Mr. and Mrs. Alston have three children. Miss Fostina, born in 1896, was educated in the Hamilton High School, Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, and Butler College at Indianapolis, and is also a graduate of the University of Wisconsin. She is a teacher in the Steel High School at Dayton, Ohio. The son, Mark P. Alston, born in 1898, was educated in high school, in Dayton University, and is now associated with his father in the real estate and insurance business. Katherine, the young- est child, born in 1903, was married in die spring of 1923 to Mr. Wheatly Link, of Athens, Ohio. HON. DAVID H. DEARMOND, representative of Butler County in the State Legislature, has been prominently identified with the business life of Hamilton for over twenty years, and he also represents a pioneer family of Southern Ohio. His grandfather, King DeArmond, came from Western Pennsylvania and settled in Butler County in 1823. He hewed a home out of the wilderness and founded a family whose industrious characteristics have continued down to the present day. King DeArmond went to California after the discovery of gold there, but soon started on his return, and died of the cholera while on board ship, being buried at sea. His wife was Nancy Loyd, and they had four children. One of these was Joseph DeArmond, who grew up on the old homestead in Butler County, and for a time pursued the study of medicine, but gave up a professional career to become a farmer. He was one of the sterling representatives of the agricultural and civic community of Morgan Township. He died there in 1895. His wife died in 1917. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Their children were: John H., David H., Evelyn, who married Charles Falkenstein, William, James A., Emmasetta, who became the wife of Alex DeArmond, Alfred, who died in 1893, and Clyde, who died February 17, 1917. David H. DeArmond was born on his father 's farm in Morgan Township of Butler County, and his early environment was a rural one. He attended the grade and high schools, and for six years taught school in country districts. Following that he became western traveling representative of the Jersey Packing Company of Hamilton. While in that service he became interested in real estate, and, returning to Hamilton, he formed a partnership in 1902 with Jo Williams. They were in business together for sixteen years, with offices in the Rentschler Building, and they handled some of the largest contracts in city and farm property. In 1918 Mr. DeArmond became associated with C. B. Thompson, under the firm name of DeArmond & Thompson. This firm also has its offices in the Rentschler Building, and has all the facilities for complete service in everything pertaining to real estate. Mr. DeArmond in 1909 organized the Central Motor Company of Hamilton, and when the business was incorporated he became its president. This has been one of the leading automobile sales agencies in Butler County. In politics Mr. DeArmond is a democrat. He was elected a member of the city council one term, served two terms as director of public safety, and he went to the Lower House of the Legislature for the term 1923-1924. He has been one of the useful men in the Lower House, and has been especially valuable to his constituency in Butler County. Mr. DeArmond is affiliated with Lodge No. 30, Knights of Pythias, and is a life member of Hamilton Lodge No. 93, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He married Miss Maude Heilman, of Preble County. FLOYD C. FULLER, secretary, treasurer and general manager of the Portsmouth Sand & Gravel Company, Inc., is one of the prominent business men of Southern Ohio, and has had a very successful experience in contracting and other lines of business. He was born at Portsmouth, Scioto County, April 5, 1883, son of Andrew J. and Mary (Smith) Fuller. His mother was a daughter of Johrset and Hannah (Loyd) Smith, who came from Wales. Hannah Loyd came to this country about 1847 with her father, who died of the cholera. The Fullers are of English ancestry. Samuel Fuller, grandfather of Floyd C., 92 - HISTORY OF OHIO was born near Marietta, Ohio, was a cabinet maker by trade, and like nearly all the early followers of that trade he made coffins and in time engaged in the undertaking business altogether. He married Eliza Judd. Andrew J. Fuller was born at Marietta, April 18, 1849, was educated in the public schools and in Marietta College, and soon after leaving school, in 1869, became a clerk in the Marietta postoffice. After three years there, and a year as clerk in a rolling mill store, he went to Indiana and was in railroad work under the direction of Gen. Rufus Dawes until 1874. Returning to Ohio he located at Portsmouth, and for some years was bookkeeper and salesman for the Waite Furniture Factory. In the fall of 1884 he and his brother formed a partnership in the furniture and undertaking business, and were the leading firm in that line. Andrew J. Fuller was a staunch republican and was active in a number of campaigns and conventions. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and held nearly all the chairs in the Masonic bodies. His wife died January 17, 1886. Floyd C. Fuller was liberally educated, attending the grade and high schools of Portsmouth, and then Marietta College, where he was graduated Bachelor of Arts with the class of 1906. His experience in the contracting business began as an employe of E. G. Nave & Brothers, railroad contractors. He was made secretary-treasurer and eventually general manager of the firm, having supervision of all their extended operations. For ten years his duties took him to many parts of the Middle West, where the firm had contracts. Mr. Fuller in 1916, on returning to Portsmouth, became associated with C. F. Monroe, B. I. King and others in founding the Portsmouth Sand & Gravel Company, Inc. This company has a large amount of capital invested in the equipment of dredges and other machinery for the production and handling of sand and gravel from river beds and quarries, and supply railroads, building contractors and others with immense quantities of these materials. They also handle general building materials. Mr. Fuller is secretary-treasurer and general manager of the company. As a resident of Portsmouth he has identified himself in a public spirited manner with many phases of its civic advancement. He married at Marietta in June, 1906, Miss Helen Rathbun, daughter of Julian and Katherine (Forbes) Rathbun, who came from New York State. Her mother is living. Her father, who died in 1921, was for a number of years identified with oil development in West Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Fuller .have three children: Gilbert, born in 1907 ; Richard, born in 1908; and Robert, born in 1910, all attending the public schools. Mr. Fuller is a member of the Masonic Lodge, is a director in the Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Rotary Club and is a past president of the Portsmouth Golf Club, which more recently has become the Portsmouth Country Club, of which he is secretary. CHARLES J. PARRISH. A financial institution at Hamilton with a notable record of service to the community extending over a period of half a century is the Home Building & Loan Association. It has had just two secretaries, the late O. V. Parrish, founder and organizer, and his son, Charles J. Parrish. The late O. V. Parrish organized the association in February, 1873, and was its secretary and active head forty-eight years, until his death on January 10, 1921. O. V. Parrish married Augusta Curtis, who died January 7, 1921, just three days before her husband. Charles J. Parrish, now secretary of the association, was born August 1, 1869. He was reared and educated in Hamilton, graduated from high school in 1888, and in 1892 received his Bachelor 's degree from Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. In university he was a Beta Theta Pi, which was his father 's fraternity as is also that of his son Nulton. After graduating he returned home and entered the offices of the Home Building & Loan Association, and his experience with that business covers a period of thirty years. In 1903 he was elected secretary. He is treasurer of the Ohio Association of Building & Loan Associations. Other of his business interests are the Hamilton Gravel Company, of which he is president, the Ohio Land & Improvement Company, of which he is president, the Second National Bank of Hamilton, of which he is a director, and he has been president of the Butler County Auto Association since its organization. Mr. Parrish is a director of the Hamilton Chamber of Commerce, is a director of the local Young Men's Christian Association, is a member of the official board of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and belongs to the Hamilton Club, the Butler County Country Club, the Walloon Country Club of Michigan, and is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. During the World war he served on local committees and assumed many unusual responsibilities and duties. His father was a close friend of the late President Harding. In 1896 Mr. Parrish married Miss Rebecca Nulton, of Hillsboro, Ohio, daughter of Lon and Katherine (Foster) Nulton. Mrs. Parrish has long been prominent in woman's clubs and social circles in Southern Ohio. She graduated from Oxford College, at Oxford, Ohio, in 1895, and she served two years, until ill health forced her to resign, as vice president of the Woman's Club of Ohio. She is a member of the Woman's Club of Cincinnati, and the Woman's Club of Hamilton. Mr. and Mrs. Parrish have four children. The daughters, Katherine and Augusta, twins, were students in Vassar College when the World war broke out. They finished their sophomore year there. Augusta subsequently took the secretarial course at Ossining on the Hudson. The daughter Katherine is the wife of Dwight Jones, of Jackson, Ohio. The third daughter, Rebecca Louise, was educated in Miss Kendrick's Select School at Cincinnati, and at Ossining on the Hudson. The only son, Nulton, is a graduate of Culver Military Academy in Indiana, and for two years was a student in Miami University and one year at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire. He is now assistant secretary of the Home Building & Loan Association, representing the third generation of the family with that institution. CARL F. GOEBEL, the efficient and popular cashier of the Bank of Trenton, at Trenton, Butler County, was born in this attractive little city, April 9, 1884, and is a son of the late Henry and Sarah (Richter) Goebel, who were honored citizens of Butler County at the time of their deaths. In the public schools of Trenton the early educational discipline of Carl F. Goebel included that of the high school, and thereafter he was for ten years successfully engaged in the general merchandise business in Trenton. He was for three years an attache of the treasury department of the American Rolling Mill Company at Middletown, this county, and thereafter he passed a year on his excellent farm in his native county. On the 1st of January, 1923, Mr. Goebel was elected cashier of the Bank of Trenton, and in this important executive position he is giving a characteristically careful and effective administration, with secure place in popular confidence and esteem in his native county. HISTORY OF OHIO - 93 The Bank of Trenton: was organized and inincorporatedn the year 1907, with a capital stock of $25,000. It is the only banking institution at Trenton, and constitutes an important medium for advancing and safeguarding the general interests of the community which it serves. Its surplus fund and undivided profits now aggregate $9,000, and its deposits, $120,000. It is one of the solid and well ordered financial institutions of Butler County, and its executive corps has the following personnel: R. J. Kennel], president; A. K. Augspurger, vice president; Carl F. GoGoebel, cashier and Miss Rose M. Westrick, assistant cashier. In addition to the president, vice president and cashier the directorate of the bank includes also John F. Intze, T. H. Bell, F. H. Berk, O. I. EhEhresman. Mr. Goebel is loyal and progressive in his civic attitude and is an active member of the Trenton Chamber of Commerce, the while he manifests helpful interests in local affairs of public order, and gives his political allegiance to the democratic party, both he and his wife being zealous communicants of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Goebel likewise was born and reared in Butler County, and her educational advantages included those of the Trenton High School. Her maiden name was Clara Theiss, and she is a daughter of Micher and Louise Theiss. Mr. and Mrs. Goebel have three children, whose names and respective ages, in 1923, are here indicated: Marion, thirteen years; Myra, ten years; and Mark, four years. HENRY SCHOENFELD, M. D., is not only one of the veteran and representative physicians and surgeons of Butler County, where he has been engaged in the practice of his. profession for virtually forty years, but he has also been one of the most progressive and influential citizens of Trenton during the period of his residence in the county. He was primarily instrumental in securing a city charter for Trenton, was ththcrganizer of the first city council, and as a member of this municipal body he gave loyal and effective service many years. He was the prime mover also in effecting the organization of the special school district for his home community, and was for several years clerk of the board of education of this district. His influence was potent also in the organizing of the Bank of Trenton, and he served a long period as its secretary and treasurer, his executive policies having had much. influence in building up• the substantial business of this institution. The doctor served as president of the Trenton Board of Health until such local organizations were abolished by legislative enactment and the work assumed by the county boards of health.   Enthusiasm and service have marked the course of Doctor Schoenfeld both as a citizen and as an able physician and surgeon of loyal' professional stewardship. He is widely known and uniformly esteemed in Butler County, where his circle of friends is cocoincidentith that of his acquaintances. Doctor Schoenfeld was born at Miamisburg, Montgomery County, Ohio, April 24, 1857, and is a son of Henry and Emeline (Schell) Schoenfeld. In the public schools of his native town Doctor Schoenfeld continued his studies until he had profited by the high school curriculum, and in preparation for his chosen profession he completed a thorough course in the Ohio Medical College, in the City of Cincinnati, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1882 and from which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine. His initial work in his profession was done in his little native city of Miamisburg, and in 1884 hehcstablished his permanent home at Trenton, Butler County, where he has continued his earnest and self-denying professional ministration during the long intervening years, and where he has become guide, counselor and friend in many a home in this part of the county. In the Masonic fraternity he is affiliated with the Blue Lodge and the Royal Arch Chapter at Miamisburg, the Council of Royal and Select Masters and the Commandery of Knights Templar in the City of Hamilton, and the Scottish Rite Consistory at Dayton, in which he has received the thirty-second degree, besides being a Noble of the Temple of the Mystic Shrine in the same Ohio city. He is affiliated also with the Knights of Pythias, is a democrat in popolitics,nd is a communicant of the First Reformed Church at Miamisburg. At Miamisburg, in August, 1883, Doctor Schoenfeld wedded Miss Kate C. Britton, daughter of Isaac and Mary Britton. The companionship of Doctor and Mrs. Schoenfeld covered a period of more than thirty years, and the ties were severed by the death of Mrs. Schoenfeld in February, 1916. Esther Lou, the only child of this union, attended the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music 'and was a specially talented young musician, the. while her gracious personality gained to her the love of all who knew her, she having been but twenty years of age at the time of her death, in 1904. The second marriage of Doctor Schoenfeld was with Miss Alma M. M. Kennell, of Trenton, a daughter of Frederick H. and Bertha (Kennell) Kennell. Mrs. Schoenfeld was graduated from the Trenton High School and the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music, and has long been prominent in musical cir: ciclesn Southern Ohio. She has regularly attended the concerts of the Cincinnati. Symphony Orchestra for the past quarter of a century, and had been a successful teacher of music many years prior to her marriage. It is worthy of note in this latter coconnectionhat Mrs. Schoenfeld was the first music teacher of her husband's only daughter, of whom mention has already been made in this review. Mrs. Schoenfeld is a member of the Ladies' Book Club of Trenton and of the McDowell Music Club in the City of Hamilton. She is an active. member of the Mennonite Church at Trenton, of which she is the organist, besides being a teacher in its Sunday School. She has much of leadership also in the social life of the community. If Doctor Schoenfeld may be said to have a hobby it is assuredly to be ascribed to his fondness for fishing, and as a piscatorial devotee he makes annual summer trips to Canada in search of the wary black bass, and customarily makes annual autumn trips to the Gulf of Mexico. While fishing in the Gulf of. Mexico in the autumn of 1921 the doctor landed one tarpon that weighed 150' pounds, and a second one that tipped the scales at 105 pounds, the latter trophy six feet and six inches in length, having been handsomely mounted and being now displayed in his office at Trenton. CHARLES MILTON GRAY has been one of the most prominent business men in the City of Wooster, where he has been a miller, merchant and banker. He was born in that city, and his family has been active in the business and civic affairs of the community for over sixty years. Mr. Gray was born January 6, 1859, son of James Lloyd and Eunice (Magaw) Gray. His father, a native of Milton, Pennsylvania, and of English and Scotch lineage, was a child when his mother died, and was reared by two maiden ladies named Blaine, near Milton, and later lived with his father and stepmother in Pittsburgh. He was married in Pennsylvania, his wife being a native of Beaver. County and of Scotch-Irish parentage. Soon after their marriage, in January, 1858, they moved to Wooster, where James L. Gray followed the business of cigar manufacturer and later took up milling. He became a Union soldier in 94 - HISTORY OF OHIO the Civil war with the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth Ohio Infantry, and after the war was actively identified with the Grand Army. After his return from the army he resumed his connection with the milling business, and subsequently was in the coal and builders' supply trade, in the firm of Gray & Son, his partner being Charles M. Gray. He continued active in this line until his death at the age of fifty-one. He was a republican, and he and his wife were members of the English Lutheran Church. She died at the age of seventy-two. Their five children were : Charles M.; Cora, deceased wife of George Plumer; Emma, deceased wife of James L. Orr ; Eunice, who married Julian Jeffries, of Charlotte, North Carolina; and William L., who manages the coal business started by his father. All the children were born and reared at Wooster. Charles M. Gray acquired a high school education, and as a youth joined his father in the coal and builders' supplies business in the firm of Gray & Son. He has always been financially interested in that enterprise, his brother William now managing it. He also entered the milling and grain business, at first at Galion, Ohio, where he remained a year, and on re- turning to Wooster was in the firm of Plank & Gray. Buying out Mr. Plank, he associated A. G. Smith with him in the firm of Gray & Smith, and is still a stockholder and director in the A. G. Smith Milling Company. Mr. Gray was one of the organizers of the Citizens National Bank of Wooster, and became its third president, filling that office for half a dozen years. For over twenty years he had been a director and for the last fifteen years president of the Peoples Savings & Loan Company of Wooster. Mr. Gray is a republican in politics, is a member of the English Lutheran Church and is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. He was president of the Wooster Rotary Club in 1922. In 1893 Mr. Gray married Miss Nellie Gray, a native of Wooster and daughter of Sylvester Gray. She is active in the English Lutheran Church. Their only child, James Sylvester, died when seventeen years of age. THE COMMERCIAL PRINTING COMPANY. Under this title is conducted a successful and representative business of which the founder and proprietor is David . E. Barlett, and the well equipped printing plant at 20 North Wall Street in the City of Middletown occupies the old building of the Middletown News-Signal. It is interesting to record that it was in this building that Hon. James E. Cox, afterward gov- ernor of Ohio, and nominee of the democratic party for president of the United States in the campaign of 1920, gained his initial experience in the newspaper business. The plant of the Commercial Printing Company has the most approved of modern facilities for the handling of all kinds of commercial printing and general job work, including a binding department. Special discrimination has been shown in the selection of the type fonts for the composing room, and the press department has one cylinder press, two job presses, paper cutters, automatic feeders, etc. Effective service has gained to this progressive establishment a substantial and representative supporting patronage, and its trade extends even outside the boundaries of Butler County. David E. Barlett was born at Hamilton, Ohio, on the 22d of December, 3878, and is a son of Isaac and Amanda (Harrison) Barlett, both now deceased. Isaac Barlett devoted much of his active business life to paper manufacturing. His wife was a lineal descendant of Gen. William Henry Harrison, ninth President of the United States. The early education of David E. Barlett was acquired through the medium of the public schools at Franklin, Warren County, Ohio. As a youth he completed a thorough apprenticeship to the printer 's trade, and in the work of his trade he was employed at Dayton, Ohio, by the United Brethren Publishing Company and later in the printing department of the National Cash Register Company. He amplified his experience by similar service with the Everett Press in the City of Boston, Massachusetts, and with the Stewart-Scott Printing Company of St. Louis, Missouri. In the year 1911 Mr. Barlett established his residence at Middletown, Ohio, and here he was in the employ of the Naegele-Auer Printing Company until 1916, when he engaged independently in the commercial printing business which he has since successfully continued under the title of the Commercial Printing Company, he being sole owner of the business. He is a member of the Union of printing pressmen, is a republican in politics, is an active member of the Middletown Civic Association, and he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church. November 25, 1910, recorded the marriage of. Mr. Barlett and Miss Flora Dungan, daughter of Isaac Dungan, one of the representative farmers of Hamilton County, where Mrs. Barlett was born and reared. THE QUALITY PRESS, of which Albert G. Bill is the founder and proprietor, stands as one of the well appointed and prosperous job printing establishments in the City of Middletown, Butler County, and in the upbuilding of its substantial business the technical and executive ability of the proprietor have counted scarcely less than his personal popularity in this vital little city. Mr. Bill's advancement and success are the more pleasing to note by virtue of the fact that they represent entirely the results of his own well directed efforts. Albert G. Bill was born in the City of Cincinnati, Ohio, August 4, 1886, and is a son of John and Anna Bill. John Bill was for many years buyer for the A. Jansen Grocery Company of Cincinnati, in which city his death occurred January 19, 1913, his widow being now (1924) a resident of Cheviot, Hamilton County, Ohio. After profiting by the advantages of the public schools of his native city Albert G. Bill there advanced his youthful education by attending St. Xavier College. He initiated his business experience by serving as a cash boy in the Cincinnati department store of the H. & S. Pogue Company, at the princely stipend of $1.50 a week, and after having been thus employed five months he served one year as errand boy for a local drug store. In the establishment of the Hennegan Printing Company, of Cincinnati, he then began learning the mysteries of the "art preservative of all arts, ",and from the dignified position of printer's devil he worked his way forward until he had mastered all details pertaining to the printing business a knowledge on which has been founded his pronounced success in his independent activities in this line of enterprise. After having been employed in this printing establishment nearly two years Mr. Bill was for one year employed in the carton department of the Crane Box Factory in his native city. He next gave a year of service as assistant pressman in the establishment of the American Printing Company, and on the 26th of December, 1905, he assumed the position of job pressman with the Journal Printing Company of Middletown. He retained this position six years, and was then promoted to the office of superintendent of the entire printing plant of the company. In this capacity he continued his effective service until the plant was destroyed by fire in February, 1914. On the 20th of HISTORY OF OHIO - 95 the same month he opened the establishment known as the Quality Press, and for the first three months lie maintained headquarters in the old McGee Building. He then moved to his present eligible location, in the Rhonemus Building, where, at 9 South Wall Street, he has a job printing establishment that is modern in all equipment and facilities, about 1,500 square feet of floor space being utilized. The equipment includes three Gordon presses, with Miller feeders; an electric embossing machine; a paper-punching machine; a stitching machine; a paper cutter, and a full and select assortment of the most approved type fonts for high grade commercial and general job printing. Mr. Bill has worked for success, and has " won out." His experience has been such as to beget in him a full respect for and appreciation of the dignity and value of honest toil and endeavor, and his achievement has proved the worth of sterling character, earnest application and progressive policies. He is an active member of the Middletown Civic Association and is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Miss Nora Thompson, who is the efficient and popular assistant manager of the Quality Press, has held this position from the time when the business was founded, in 1914, and her work has been potent in the upbuilding of the prosperous enterprise. Miss Thompson was born and reared in Middletown, where she continued her studies in the public schools until she had profited by the curriculum of the high school, and she has proved a young business woman of exceptional discrimination and executive ability. Miss Thompson is a daughter of James B. and Nettie Thompson, of Middletown. THE NAEGELE-AUER PRINTING COMPANY is one of the important business corporations in the City of Middletown, Butler County. The business of this concern was founded by George Mitchell, who conducted the same in a virtually individual way until 1908, when was effected the organization of the George Mitchell Printing & Manufacturing Company. Of the company John W. Auer became the secretary and treasurer. In 1911 Henry W. Naegele purchased the interest of George Mitchell, and then followed the organization and incorporation of the Naegele-Auer Printing Company, which bases its operations on a capital stock of $30,000. Henry W. Naegele is president of the company; H. 0. Miller holds the office of vice president, though he is not actively identified with the direct management of the business, his attention being given primarily to his executive duties as purchasing agent for the American Rolling Mill Company; and John W. Auer continues as secretary and treasurer of the reorganized corporation. Henry W. Naegele, who is general manager as well as president of this progressive corporation, was reared and educated in the City of Cincinnati, where he learned the printer 's trade, in all phases of which he is an adept and authority. He came to Middletown in 1905, and had been employed in, the Mitchell printing establishment prior to acquiring the interest of the founder of the business. He is known as one of the vital and enterprising business men of Middletown, and is keenly interested in all that tends to advance the civic and material welfare of his home city. John W. Auer, whose appreciation of and loyalty to Middletown is that of a native son, was born and reared in this city, where his paternal grandfather, John Auer, was a pioneer in the manufacturing of tobacco, he having been one of the organizers of the Sorg, Auer Tobacco Company, which became one of the largest and financially strongest concerns of the kind in the State of Ohio. The death of John Auer occurred in 1906, and his widow, now eighty-six years of age (1924), still maintains her home in Middletown. After proper preliminary educational discipline John W. Auer entered St. Xavier College in the City of Cincinnati, and after his graduation from this institution, as a member of the class of 1908, he forthwith became secretary and treasurer of the George Mitchell Printing & Manufacturing Company, a dual office which he has retained under the reorganization of the Company as the Naegele-Auer Printing Company, as previously noted in this context. This company 's fine, modern plant is housed in a substantial concrete building of two stories, the structure being 100 by 250 feet in dimensions, and the office of the company is conceded to be one of the best equipped establishments of this order in Southern Ohio, with the most approved facilities for the handling of all kinds of commercial printing, from billheads to comprehensive catalogues. Excellent service has gained the company a large and prosperous business, and the same shows a constantly expanding tendency, with a large trade awarded by local manufacturing concerns, as well as similar corporations in Cincinnati and other places in this section of the state. When the plant of the Middletown Journal was destroyed by fire in 1914, this company provided the medium for continuing the publication of the paper, and this service was rendered until the year 1922, when the Journal publishers erected a new building and there installed their own printing plant. In the modern plant of the Naegele-Auer Printing Company are to be found two Miehle presses, equipped with Dexter pile feeders; one Optimus press; two Miller automatic presses; three Chandler & Price job presses; one linotype machine, model 8; one Cleveland folding machine; one Dexter folding machine; and a full complement of type fonts for job work. In the establishment is retained a corps of twenty-five employes. W. T. WILLIAMS, member of the contracting firm of Burns & Williams, city, county and state paving contractors, first came to Columbus as an employe of the state government. Like his business partner, he was born in Scioto County, Ohio, September 30, 1874, son of J. Milt Williams, a native of Adams County, Ohio, and grandson of "Devil" Jim Williams, a native of Pennsylvania, who became one of the best known citizens of his day in Southern Ohio. W. T. Williams was reared and educated in Scioto County, and at the age of eighteen learned telegraphy and for sixteen years was in the service of the Norfolk & Western Railway Company as an operator. When the present Governor Donahey was elected state auditor, W. T. Williams was given a position as an inspector with the Bureau of Inspection. He held that, office two years, and then in 1914 formed his present association with Mr. A. W. Burns. Since that time he has given his entire attention to the business of paving contracting. The firm employs some seventy-five men during the building season. Mr. Williams married Miss Mary Burns, a sister of his business partner, A. W. Burns. They have one daughter, Mary Margaret, a student in high school. LEONARD S. KRAUSS, M. D., D. D. S., whose initial ambition in relation to his future career led him to prepare' thoroughly for the dental profession, later changed the trend of his ambition and, with characteristic thoroughness, fitted himself for the medical profeision, 'in the work of which he has been successfully engaged for more than forty years. Since the year 1900 he has maintained his home and pro- 96 - HISTORY OF OHIO fessional headquarters in the City of Middletown, where he has secured vantage ground as one of the representative physicians and surgeons of Butler County. Doctor Krauss was born at Rising Sun, Maryland, on the 5th of February, 1852, and is a son of the late John H. and Abigail (Harlan) Krauss, of Cecil County, that state, the father having been a contractor and builder by vocation. The earlier education of Doctor Krauss along academic or literary lines was obtained in the public schools, the Friends Normal Institute and Mount Pleasant Academy, in his native state, and in 1876 he completed a course in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. Thereafter he was for two years engaged in the practice of dentistry in Maryland, and in 1880 he was graduated from the medical department of Pennsylvania University, in the City of Philadelphia. After thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he came, in the same year, and engaged in practice at Germantown, Montgomery County, where he remained two years. West Carrollton, that county, thereafter continued as the central stage of his professional activities from 1883 until 1900, since which latter year he has been engaged in active and successful general practice in the City of Middletown, his ability and sterling attributes of character having gained to him a substantial and representative practice. The doctor is a popular member of the Butler County Medical Society and the Ohio State Medical Society, besides being a member of the American Medical Association. He has kept in close touch with the advances made in medical and surgical science, and he fortified himself by an effective post-graduate course in the medical department of the University of Ohio, from which he received in 1895 the supplemental degree of Doctor of Medicine. He gave seven years of vigorous and effective service as city physician of Middletown, and has been at all times an apostle of sanitary civic conditions. He was for a number of years a member of the Middletown Board of Health, and while a resident of West Carrollton he served as a member of the city council and as secretary of the board of education. The doctor is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the American Insurance Union, in which last organization he is serving as medical examiner. In 1882 Doctor Krauss married Miss Irene Kercher, of Germantown, Ohio, and she passed to the life eternal in the year 1910. Of the children of this union Harlan B., who was born in August, 1893, died in the year 1912. Henry K. is engaged in the undertaking business at Bedford, Ohio. Leonard E. is an architect by profession and resides in the City of Dayton. Louella A. is the wife of James E. Grub, who is identified with newspaper enterprise in the City of Toledo. On the 14th of June, 1911, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Krauss and Miss LaVina E. Emery, of Middletown, where she received the advantages of Holy Trinity Academy. Mrs. Krauss is a daughter of James B. and Mary (Martin) Emery, and her father was serving as township trustee and probation officer at Middletown at the time of his death. EUGENE I. HARLAN, D. D. S., has gained prestige as one of the able and representative members of his profession in his native State of Ohio, and is known also as one of the most liberal and progressive citizens of his home city of Middletown, Butler County, to the development and upbuilding of which he has contributed in generous measures, his real estate holdings here being extensive and valuable, As a dentist he maintains a three-chair office in Middletown, and this office is of the most modern type in the equip ment and servicc of both its operative and laboratory departments. Dr. Eugene I. Harlan was born at Harveysburg, Warren County, Ohio, May 14, 1873, and is a son of Jonathan E. Harlan, M. D., who was one of the leading representatives of his profession in that county at the time of his death. The public schools of his native county afforded Dr. Eugene I. Harlan his early educational discipline, and thereafter he devoted four years to effective service as a teacher in the public schools, principally in rural districts. In 1898 he was graduated from the Ohio Dental College, Cincinnati, and after thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery he was for two years engaged in practice at Miamisburg. He then, in 1900, established himself in practice at Middletown, where he has successfully continued in the work of his profession save for an interval of five years, during which he was here engaged in the lumber business. He still has general supervision of his offices in this city, but his large and important outside interests engross much of his time and attention. Doctor Harlan was interested in developing the first addition to the City of Middletown, this being known as the Homestead addition and being now fully built up. He individually platted and placed on the market the Rolling Mill Park subdivision, and for the past ten years he has been one of the leading exponcnts of real estate enterprise in Butler County. Incidental to his operations along this line he has purchased four large and valuable farms, three of which he has since sold. He has built for sale more than forty houses. He is exploiting also the Farnsworth addition to the city, in which district his own beautiful home is situated. Doctor Harlan has completed the circle of each the York and Scottish Rites of the Masonic fraternity, in the latter of which he has received the thirty-second degree, besides which he has effectively crossed the sands of the desert and gained enrollment as a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. His wife holds membership in the United Brethren Church. Mrs. Harlan is an influential member of the Woman's Club and the War Mothers' Association of Middletown, and is a popular figure in the representative social activities of her home city. In the year 1895 was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Harlan and Miss Mary A. Temple, daughter of the late Perry Temple, who was a prominent farmer and tobacco buyer in this section of Ohio. Doctor and Mrs. Harlan have two sons: Walter is now a successful member of the bar of Lorain County, where he is engaged in practice in the City of Lorain. He married Miss Thelma Bullard, of Middletown. Wilbur W., the younger son, married Miss Emma Herring, of Hamilton, and they reside at Middletown, where he is engaged in the wholesale and retail oil business. Doctor Harlan owns and occupies one of the many beautiful homes of this city. HOWARD A. WILSON is proprietor of the oldest undertaking establishment in Butler County. The home of this business is at Middletown, and three generations of the Wilson family have been identified with it. It was started by the grandfather of the present proprietor, whose name was Thomas Wilson and who in early days learned the trade of cabinet maker, a trade that almost necessarily involved the making of coffins and other details of the undertaking profession. He was born eight miles west of Middletown, and during practically all his life was engaged in his business at Middletown. His successor in the second generation was Arthur T. Wilson, who was a member of the first class organized and taught the profession of embalming in the State of Ohio. He continued the undertaking business until his death on January 13, 1910, when HISTORY OF OHIO - 97 he was succeeded by his son, Howard A. Arthur T. Wilson married Jennie M. Hill, daughter of Alexander W. Hill, who was born in Scotland, and on coming to the United States, settled in Connecticut, where his daughter Jennie was born, and from there came to Butler County, Ohio, where he became a pioneer in the paper manufacturing business. Mrs. Jennie (Hill) Wilson died January 23, 1923. Howard A. Wilson was born at Middletown, December 22, 1875, attended public schools, and in 1897 graduated from the Clark School of Embalming at Cincinnati. The following year he took post-graduate work in the same school, and he had the distinction of taking the examination with the first class examined under the Ohio State Laws acquiring licensing of embalmers. The number of his certificate is sixty. He took an active part in the business while his father was still living, and for the past fifteen years has continued it, adding to its facilities. The headquarters of the business are at 212 Main Street. He has a funeral parlor, show room, chapel, and all the motor equipment of a modern undertaker. The place in which the business is conducted was the home in which his father and mother were married. The assistant of Mr. Wilson in the business is Frank Rutz, a graduate of the Barnes School of Embalming at Chicago. Mr. Wilson is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Mason and Shriner, and belongs to the Elks and to the Presbyterian Church. He and his wife are also members of the Civic Association of Middletown. He married, October 24, 1900, Miss Mary E. Shields, of Wapakoneta, Ohio, daughter of James H. and Sarah R. (Emerson) Shields. Mrs. Wilson is a member of the Century Club, the Current Events Club, the Federation of Women's Clubs, and takes a very active part in social affairs in Middletown. Six sons were born to their marriage: Alvin Shields, George Arthur, Howard A., Jr., Thomas Hill, William James and Paul Emerson. The son Alvin is in the sales department of the American Rolling Mills Company at Middletown; the son George is a senior in the University of Pennsylvania, and Howard A., Jr., is attending St. James Preparatory School in Maryland. WILLIAM C. MORRISON, city engineer of Middletown, has had nearly forty years of experience to give him an unusual reputation in municipal and landscape engineering. His work in this field has been of a distinctive character. For a number of years his home and headquarters were at Cincinnati, but the range of his experience covers nearly all the states of the Union. Mr. Morrison was born at Cincinnati, in 1866, son of Joseph and Jane (Wright) Morrison. His father was in the carriage hardware business at Cincinnati until his death. Mrs. Jane Wright Morrison at the time of her death was the oldest resident of Cincinnati. Her mother had come from Ireland in 1800, and in the same year came down the Ohio River on a raft and located at Cincinnati. William C. Morrison was educated in the public schools of Cincinnati and under private instruction. His first experience in engineering was two years spent with the Cincinnati Water Works. He then became one of the staff of the firm of Earnshaw & Punshon, landscape engineers of Cincinnati.. He spent twelve years with this firm as engineer in charge of works. He was sent to nearly every state tO take care of contracts for the firm. He did all the field work on the Spring Grove Cemetery resurvey in Cincinnati, and did similar work in many other localities. After leaving Earnshaw & Punshon he was for two years with the city engineering department of Cincinnati as assistant city engineer in charge of the western section of the city. Following that he did engineering work in St. Louis, Oklahoma City, El Paso, and for one year at Yuma, Arizona, where he was an engineer on the Government staff during the construction of the Laguna Dam, five miles north of Yuma, on the Colorado River. Subsequent experience took him to Los Angeles and San Francisco, and on returning to Cincinnati he formed a partnership with Henry Melcher as general contractors. This was a very successful chapter in his business experience. Mr. Morrison came to Middletown as engineer for the. Middletown Realty Company, the largest realty company in Southern OhiO. He gave up this work, being induced to return to Cincinnati by City Manager Waite to take the position of assistant engineer of the city. He later resigned and in 1914 returned to Middletown to accept the position of city engineer, and for ten years has been responsible for the technical details of all the municipal improvements in the city. Mr. Morrison married in 1920 Mrs. Dora (Potts) McChesey, of Bearsville, Ohio. She was educated in the public schools and a private school for girls at Parkersburg, West Virginia. Mrs. Morrison is active in social affairs and is a member of the Ladies' Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church. THOMAS E. REED, M. D. Practically the entire professional life of Dr. Thomas E. Reed has been passed at Middletown, where for more than fifty years he has ministered to the sick, given instruction to young men in preparation for the practice of medicine, written and published works of a professional character, and enjoyed great popularity as a general and family practitioner. Deliberately adopting the Homeopathic system, from observation of its effect among the sick and conviction of its superiority as a scientific method of therapeutics, he has brought to its practice scholastic training, innate soundness and accuracy of judgment, and a cheerful disposition, and has long maintained a leading place among the progressive disciples of Hahnemann in the state of his birth. Doctor Reed was born in October, 1844, on a farm in Dicks Creek Valley, four miles south of Middletown, in Lemon Township, Butler County, Ohio, a son of William and Margaret (Sigerson) Reed, and is of Scotch-Irish extraction. His grandparents were pioneers, and his ancestors on his father's side came from Ireland, and on his mother 's side from Scotland. Both parents were born on Butler County farms, attended the same church, had good common school educations and always lived in the same county. They reared to maturity seven sons and three daughters, and the father lived to be eighty-six years of age, the mother passing away at the age of seventy-seven. Thomas E. Reed, after district school, attended an academy at Monroe, Ohio, for two years, and this was followed by private tutelage under Professor Curran for one winter. He then spent one year at Oxford (Ohio) University, and these last two years were devoted to studies selected with a view of medicine for a profession. This made the course at Oxford University irregular, hence no degree was taken. A three-year course in medicine was then commenced with Dr. W. D. Linn, of Middletown, as preceptor, and Doctor Reed's first course of lectures was attended at the Cleveland (Ohio) Homeopathic Medical College and the second at the Hahnemann Medical College Of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he graduated in the spring of 1872. Soon after graduation a temporary partnership was formed with Dr. S. C. Whiting, at Vincennes, Indiana, where two or three years were devoted to active practice and valuable 98 - HISTORY experience with an elder man before Doctor Reed located permanently at Middletown, his present home. While a student at Philadelphia Doctor Reed was attracted by the following remark of Professor Hering in his private class : "On the coast, as a rule, children are born as the tide advances, and natural deaths occur as it recedes." This was all the professor said about it, but it was enough to set young Reed to thinking, and after locating in Ohio he reasoned thus, "If this be true on the coast, it is also true inland, for law is the same everywhere." From this time on, as his obstetrical practice grew, a system of investigation began and was followed closely during his whole career of over forty-five years of obstetrical work. The tide cycle, as it is called, is twelve hours long, and therefore the shortest cycle of time; and this, studied in connection with the daily, weekly and monthly cycles of time, makes one of the most valuable and interesting adjuncts a physician can possess in the practice of his profession. After about twenty years, when Doctor Reed had proven the truth and value of the law of cycles in births, deaths, disease, etc., he conceived the idea that perhaps the sex had its origin in the same law and began a series of investigations along that line, proving to his own satisfaction that this also was true. This proved quite a discovery, when it is considered that scientists have been striving ever since the days of Hippocrates to find what determines sex ; and Burdock is said to have compiled a list of over 500 theories on the subject of sex determination, but all were simply theories and worthless, while Doctor Reed 's theory uncovers a law, and there must be a law to succeed. While his investigations have been mainly with the human family, he finds it also true with some lower animals. Doctor Reed at first thought that twins, being often one of each six, would disprove what he had in mind, but this led to investigations along that line, and, discovering twins to be of two classes, it only further helped to prove and establish the law dominating sex. In 1898 the doctor wrote a small book, entitled "Cyclic Law," to secure priority of his investigations and discoveries, and published it himself. Following this came a number of journal articles, including a series of articles in the New York Medical Times called "The Sex Cycle of the Germ Plasm." Reprints of these were put in pamphlet form and about 500 of them sent to the most prominent scientists and physicians all over the world, from whom came no adverse criticisms. Then, of more recent date, a book of over 300 pages was brought out especially for scientists and physicians entitled "Sex, Its Origin and Determination," and published by Rebman ComCompany, York. The press received this latter work with more than ordinary enthusiasm. The Western Medical Review said of it : "An alluring hypothesis from which sooner or later the solution of the formation of sex will surely spring into fact." When a student at Philadelphia Doctor Reed was elected by the members of the Institute quaesitor to the chair of clinical medicine, and came under the influence of Professor Hering, who was himself a student of the great Samuel Hahnemann, the founder of the Homeopathic School of Medicine. These circumstances stimulated an intense interest in materia medica and clinical medicine in the young physician, which in after years he never lost and which resulted in the unique success he enjoys as a skillful physician. It has been his attainments in this field that has brought him to the success he enjoys and the respect and affection of the people of his community. For over forty years he has responded cheerfully and readily to the demands of his profession, ever willing to learn and always advancing in professional skill. He has always been fond of quoting the cogent words of his master in medicine, Hahnemann, who said that, "He who pretends to treat the sick, and in doing so neglects to equip himself in all possible knowledge and skill is guilty of no less than a crime." He is well grounded in the principles dominating his profession. Doctor Reed is a member of the International Hahnemannian Association, and a senior member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, has been a consistent and constant advocate of the Homeopathic school of medical practice, it being the only school that can boast of a law, and it is to this fact that he attributes the success he has attained in his chosen field. A number of years ago a Chicago pharmacy offered a prize for the best essay on the principles of Homeopathy, and among forty-seven contestants the doctor took first prize, of $150. Of late years Doctor Reed has given up the more arduous phases of medical practice and now confines himself to office prescribing and the treatment of chronic diseases. Especially is he interested in the thcical treatment of certain diseases, ordinarily supsupposedbe amendable only to the knife of the sursurgeon,h as gall-stone, gravel, appendicitis, mastoid diseases, glandular inflammations, etc. Here he enjoys unique distinction, and patients come to him from many miles distant. But while he had partially retired from active practice, during the recent 1918-19 influenza epidemic he gladly assumed his share of the great burden it cast upon the shoulder of the medical and nursing professions and responded to the many calls for help, doing as much work as many of the younger men of the profession, and with entire success. The doctor denounces in toto the methods of treating influenza and other acute diseases by the employment of ice bags and other cold applications and exposing the patients to wide open doors and windows, placing them out on porches, or in freezing draughts. All know, assumes the doctor, that by a law of physics cold contracts and heat expands, and when the lungs are congested and the patients exposed to cold the tiny bronchioles contract and the patients are choked in their own secretion. This was the method practiced during the recent epidemic, and all are familiar with the terrible losses in the hospitals, cantonments and private homes. The doctor questions if there is any physician who can explain upon what scientific basis this is practiced. The doctor further asserts that fresh air, at all times essential, should in these cases be warm air. In short, every acute disease, he firmly contends, demands heat, warm air, hot applications, hot bathing to reduce fever, etc., to assist scientific medication in curing them. Doctor Reed was brought up a Presbyterian, and united with a branch of that denomination when quite young, hardly realizing its creed but feeling that his parents must be right. When about forty years of age serious convictions led him to an earnest study of the Bible. This in time changed his whole life, for, as he has said, "If we believe the Bible is of divine origin, we are very unwise if we do not practice its teachings." By his study of the Bible he soon became convinced that the nominal church is composed of man-made sects and shall "be rooted up," or destroyed, and that "they be blind leaders of the blind" (Matt. 15:13, 14), and God 's children are called out from among them (Rev. 18:4), as well as out from the world. Jehovah 's true disciples though IN, "are not 'OF the world" (John 17:16). They are told to "come out from among them, and be ye separate" (II Cor. 6:17). These and other similar texts led him out of the sects and from the things of the world, and this is why he takes no part in politics or organizations of any kind. God 's true church, the doctor says, the Bible teaches, is a spiritual organization that originated on the day of HISTORY OF OHIO - 99 Pentecost. They are the "Ecclesia of the first born," whose names are written in the "Lamb 's book of life." They are the " few " class in the ``narrow" way, or, as the Psalmist says, "thy hidden ones," but from which no one is barred, for anyone can come and take of "the water of life freely"; but only God knows His own. The doctor believes that the important thing to insure one 's salvation is to keep the Ten Commandments, which Solomon says is "the whole duty of man." This includes God's Holy Seventh Day Sabbath. He says that we should believe and obey what the Bible teaches, rather than "Science falsely so-called," as says Paul. The doctor, therefore, believes the cosmogony of the Bible rather than the whirling, flying globe theory of philosophers, for which he is convinced there is not a single proof. Doctor Reed has been an earnest Bible student for many years, upon which he wrote a book entitled "Gleanings, New and Old, Garnered from the Word of God," over twenty years ago, and about 3,000 of these have gone out over the English-speaking world. Besides this he has written numerous articles for the religious press, and, as counseled by the Apostle Peter, he is "ready always to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you, with meekness and reverence." Until past middle life Doctor Reed affiliated with the republican party, but for more than twenty years has had no interest in political affairs whatever. He has never held• nor accepted any office of any degree. When a young man he joined the Masonic and Royal Arcanum orders, but soon left them, for reasons stated before.. In the spring of 1864, at the age of nineteen years, he enlisted in Company G, One Hundred and Sixty-seventh Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Col. Tom Moore. The regiment was sent to West Virginia, at the source of the Big Kanawha River, but after being in the service a little more than four months, in which it took part in no special engagements, was ordered home and mustered out. One year after locating at Middletown Doctor Reed married Annie, eldest daughter of Judge L. D. Doty. Her mother being Lydia Vail made Mrs. Reed the great-granddaughter of Daniel Doty and Steven Vail, the two men who first settled and laid out this city, in about the year 1800. After she was through with the town school she attended a seminary near her home, and later Thane Miller 's seminary on Mount Auburn. To this union there were born two children: Ada, who died at the age of three years ; and Ralph Wallace, who is now a practicing nerve and mental specialist at Cincinnati. When Ralph was about three years old, or in November, 1882, his mother died, and in June, 1891, Doctor Reed was married a second time, being united with Miss Frances A. Brown, of a well-known family of Nova Scotia, Canada, who is still his companion. Her parents were born in Canada, of Scotch extraction. JOSEPH R. BAKER is one of the representative business men of the younger generation in the City of Middletown, Butler County, where as an undertaker and funeral director he conducts a thoroughly modern establishment at 1607 Central Avenue. Mr. Baker was born in the City of Anderson, Indiana, on the 1st of May, 1895, and is a son of Samuel and Mary (Davis) Baker. In the public schools of his native state Mr. Baker continued his studies until he had duly profited by the advantages of the high school at Elwood, and thereafter he continued his studies in Valparaiso University, at Valparaiso, that state. In 1917 he was graduated from the Worsham College of Embalming in the City of Chicago, and thereafter he gained practical experience in the Chicago undertaking establishment of J. K. Platner, his next service of this order having been in the establishment of Charles Walley, at Elkhart, Indiana. When the nation entered the World war Mr. Baker subordinated all personal interests to respond to the call of patriotism. He enlisted in the United States Army and was assigned to the graves registration service, in which connection he passed twenty months in France where he had much of experience on the battle fronts. He was called to various districts of France in the securing of names of soldiers killed in action, and after the armistice brought the war to a close he finally returned home, he having received his honorable discharge in the early part of the year 1919. After his World war service, Mr. Baker was associated in turn with the undertaking business of Edgar M. Clark, of Elwood, Indiana, and that of W. M. McCoy, of Middletown, Ohio, in which latter city he founded his present independent business on the 8th of September, 1923, with an establishment that is of the most modern order in equipment, facilities and service, with chapel, morgue, guest bedrooms, slumber room, and garage for the accommodation of his motor ambulance, hearses and sedan automobiles. Mr. Baker has completed the circle of both the York and Scottish Rites of the Masonic fraternity, in the latter of which he has received the thirty-second degree, and he is also a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, besides which he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the American Legion. He is a loyal and valued member of the Middletown Civic Association, and he and his wife hold member ship in the Baptist Church. November 28, 1921, recorded the marriage of Mr: Baker and Miss Helen Arpp, daughter of John and Edith Arpp, of Middletown, her father having been a leading plumbing contractor, in this city at the time of his death. After a course in the Middletown High School, Mrs. Baker attended St. Joseph 's Academy at Cincinnati, Ohio, and Notre Dame Academy at Reading, this state. She became affiliated with the Phi Beta Psi sorority, was made grand treasurer of the same, and she is now president of the local chapter of the sorority, besides which she is actively identified with the Ohio Federation of Women's Clubs. CHARLES TRINE GOLDMAN has given over forty years of his life to the perpetuation of varied business interests in his native City of Middletown. He began his career as a merchant, and now for a number of years has conducted a real estate and insurance business of special importance through his work in the development and improvement of this Southern Ohio industrial center. Mr. Goldman was born at Middletown, June 26, 1863, son of Simon and Susan (Trine) Goldman. His father was a dry goods merchant and a very prosperous man of affairs, long connected with the life of Middletown. His mother was born in Butler County, a member of one of the pioneer families of the region. Mr. Goldman was educated in the schools of MiMiddletownnd at Miami Classical Academy, Oxford, Ohio. On leaving the Classical Academy he became associated with his father in the dry goods business, remaining with the firm for thirty years, until the store was sold to the Mathes-Sohngen Company of Hamilton. For the past seventeen years he has been in the real estate business, regulating his policies and activities by the confidence in Middletown and its destiny expressed by his slogan, "Watch Middletown Grow " During the great Miami Valley flood of the spring of 1913, Mr. Goldman assumed charge of the work of rescue and relief in Middletown. Finding that the regular city government was isolated and para-