HISTORY OF OHIO - 275 Church, of which she and her husband are influential members, and is a popular figure in the social activities of her home community. Mr. and Mrs. Dunn have one daughter, Henrietta L., who remains at the parental home, has exceptional musical ability, and is now (1924) a student in the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music. JOHN S. BIDDLE, M. D., a native of Ohio and for twenty years a practicing physician and surgeon, for the past decade has represented his profession at Gallipolis. He was born at Athens, Ohio, October 22, 1867, son of John S. and Mary (Kester) Biddle. The Kesters were of German ancestry, and the Biddle family, of English stock, came to Ohio from Pennsylvania in 1802. The father of Doctor Biddle was David Biddle. John Biddle, who died August 27, 1923, was a farmer in Athens County, and very active in business politics, serving as a member of the County Board of commissioners. He was a Union soldier with the Tenth West Virginia Regiment in the Civil war, was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic .and the Presbyterian Church. His wife died October 4, 1919, and they were the parents of a large family of children. Dr. T. R. Biddle, who married Grace Poston and had one son, Clinton; Dr. D. H. Biddle, who married Ellen Roberts, and they had two children, Thomas and Ellen; Ada, deceased; Dr. A. C. Biddle, who married Bess Allen and had two children; Miss Mary; Victor Biddle, who married Helen Hawthorne, and had a daughter, Virginia; Fan, deceased; Nan, twin sister of Fan, and by her marriage to Charles Goddard has five children; Frank Biddle, who married Margaret Cook, and has one child, named Cook ; Dr. H. Biddle, who married Laura Parker, and has a daughter, Bettie Ann; Helena, who died in infancy. Dr. John S. Biddle acquired his early education in the district schools, growing up on his father 's farm in Athens County. He supplemented his early advantages in Ohio University at Athens, and for two years was engaged in teaching in district and grade schools. He began the study of medicine in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Baltimore, Maryland, where he was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1903. Doctor Biddle for ten years after graduating practiced in Mason County, West Virginia, and since then has been a resident of Gallipolis. He did post graduate work in the New York Post Graduate Hospital in 1912. He is a member of the staff of the Holzer Hospital at Gallipolis, and holds a commission of first lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps. He belongs to the County and State Medical societies, the American Medical Association, and the Knights Templar Masons and Odd Fellows. He and his family attend the Methodist Episcopal Church. Doctor Biddle married, January 28, 1903, at Albany, Ohio, Miss Elizabeth Mohler. Mrs. Biddle is the daughter of J. H. and Mary (Coe) Mohler. Her mother, who died in 1922, represented a branch of the noted New England family of Coe, and is of old American stock and Revolutionary descent. J. H. Mohler, who has spent his active life as a farmer, is of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry. He has held various public offices, including director of the county infirmary. He is a Methodist and a Mason. In the Mohler family were the following children: Florence, who died in infancy; Flora, now deceased, who was the wife of J. D. Carpenter, and had two children, Nellie and Mildred; William E. whose first wife was Viola Robinett, the mother of three children, Arthur, Harley and Frank; and later he married Cora Goodrich and has a son, William E., Jr.; Pearl G., who married Etta Carpenter, and has two children, Beryl and Beulah; Carrie, deceased; Cora, twin sister of Carrie, who married J. E. Williams, and has four children, named Roger, Helen, Gladys and Lorene; Mrs. Biddle; Emma, who married 0. E. Reading, and had six children; John W., who died at the age of twenty-one; Blanche, and Bertina, wife of E. T. Bailey and the mother of two daughters, named Dorothy and Christina. Doctor and Mrs. Biddle have two daughters, both attending high school at Gallipolis, Mary Ernestine and Marjorie. HARRY C. PARRETT was born at Columbus Grove, Putnam County, September 8, 1878, and is a son of Samuel R. and Malinda (McKibben) Parrett, the former of whom was born in Fayette County, Ohio, July 4, 1854, and the latter was born in Athens County, February 12, 1856, her death having occurred May 20, 1916. Samuel R. Parrett was reared to the sturdy discipline of the farm, received the advantages of the public schools, and he has continuously been identified with farm enterprise to the present time, his homestead farm being one of the well improved places of Putnam County. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party, he has served as township trustee and been otherwise influential in community affairs, he is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and his religious faith is that of the Christian Church, of which his wife likewise was a zealous member. The only child is Harry C., subject of this review. The boyhood and early youth of Harry C. Parrett were marked by the discipline of the home farm and that of the public schools, and he made a record of successful service as a teacher in the public schools. After his marriage he continued his independent enterprise as a farmer in Monroe Township, Putnam County, until 1906, when he established his residence at Continental and engaged in the hardware and implement business. Later he here became a successful representative of the real estate and insurance business, and in the meanwhile he was an influential figure in the local councils and campaign work of the democratic party. In 1920 he was appointed postmaster of the village, and in this office he has continued his effective service until the spring of 1924. He is the owner of two well improved farms and gives to the same a general supervision. He has served as a member of the Village Council, and also as mayor or president of the village and as its treasurer, these various official preferments denoting the secure place that is his in popular esteem in his native county. In the Masonic fraternity Mr. Parrett is a past master of Continental Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and is affiliated also with Ottawa Chapter No. 115, Royal Arch Masons; Putnam Council No. 69, Royal and Select Masters; and Defiance Commandery No. 30, Knights Templar, in the City of Defiance. The year 1902 recorded the marriage of Mr. Parrett and Miss Myrtle Wisterman, of Monroe Township, Putnam County, and she died June 17, 1921, leaving no children. On January 21, 1924, Mr. Parrett married Mrs. Laura Beasley, daughter of Stephen Parsons, of Toledo, Ohio. MARTHA GAMBLE is librarian of the Lima Public Library. She was liberally educated, and specially trained for the librarian,s profession. The present public library of Lima fulfills the ideal of service which were hardly dreamed of many years ago when the nearest approach to a public library was a reading club. After that a library association and for a time the collection 276 - HISTORY OF OHIO of books were under the management of the Young Men,s Christian Association. The final successful movement toward the establishment of the library was made in the fall of 1900. When the public library was opened in September, 1901, there were left some 2,000 volumes. Subsequently Lima became one of the beneficiaries of the Carnegie plan of library endowment, and the present handsome building for the public library was erected in 1908. It is located at West Market and McDonel streets. At the present time the Lima Public Library has about 17,000 volumes in the collection. Under Miss Gamble as librarian are two assistants, Miss Veldren M. Smith and Miss Lois Klinger. JOHN FREDERICK MOREY, M. D., who is one of the representative physicians and surgeons of the younger generation in Hamilton County, is established in the successful practice of his profession in that district of the City of Cincinnati that formerly constituted the independent City of Madisonville. Doctor Morey was born at Vandalia, Illinois, September 2, 1894, and is a son of Dr. Lothario Morey and Clema (Bennett) Morey, the mother being deceased. The father still resides in that city, where he is a leading physician and surgeon, as had also been his father, the late Dr. John F. Morey, who was there engaged in practice at the time of his death, the snbject of this review having been named in his honor. After completing his studies in the Vandalia High School, Dr. John F. Morey of this sketch continued his studies in St. Louis University Academy, in the metropolis of Missouri, until his graduation in 1915. He then took a two-year pre-medical course in the University of St. Louis, and in 1923 he was graduated from the Eclec- tic Medical College in the City of Cincinnati. After thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he served for a time as an interne in the Union Bethel Clinic of Cincinnati, and since the latter part of 1923 he has been established in successful general practice in the Madisonville District of Cincinnati. He is an active member of the Cincinnati Medical Society, the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Society, and the National Eclectic Medical Association, besides having membership in the Phi Chi Medical dollege fraternity. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and in politics is aligned in the ranks of the republican party. When the nation became involved in the World war Doctor Morey enlisted for service in the Medi- cal Corps of the United States Army, and was with his corps in active service overseas. His wife, prior to their marriage, had served in the war period as a nurse with the United States Army, but was not called to duty on the stage of conflict overseas. On the 20th of June, 1923, was recorded the marriage of Doctor Morey and Miss Jean McDowell White, of Gastonville, Pennsylvania. She received the advantages of the public schools of the old Keystone State, and was graduated from the training school for nurses maintained in connection with the Central Hospital in the City of Philadelphia. It has already been noted that Mrs. Morey was in service in her profession in the World war period, and she is a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, besides being a popular factor in the social circles of her present home community. Doctor and Mrs. Morey have a fine little son, Frederick Lothario. MINOR K. JOHNSTON has been representative of Richland County in the State Legislature since 1918, is one of the progressive and successful exponents of farm industry in his native county, and on the old homestead farm, which is still his place of resi deuce, four miles north of Shelby, in Plymouth Township, he was born July 24, 1866. Mr. Johnston is a son of Edward and Hannah (Kuhn) Johnston, and a grandson of John Johnston, who came from the North of Ireland to the United States and established his residence in Richland County, Ohio, about the year 1835, he having developed an improved one of the .excellent farms of Plymouth Township, where his son Edward was born and reared. John Kuhn, maternal grandfather of the subject of this review, came from Franklin County, Pennsylvania, and settled in Richland County in the year 1833, both the Johnston and Kuhn families having had much of leadership in community affairs in this county since the pioneer era of its history. Edward Johnston never found it expedient to cease his allegiance to farm enterprise in his native county, and of the same he was long a prominent and substantial representative. He was sixty-six years of age at the time of his death, in 1901, and his widow having now (1923) attained to the venerable age of eighty-four years. Edward Johnston had no inclination toward public office or special political activity, but in his service in various township offices he gave evidence of his civic loyalty. He was an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Shelby, and of the same his widow continued a devoted member. Minor Kuhn Johnston found on the home farm a benignant influence and discipline in his boyhood and youth, and he supplemented the discipline of the district schools by a course in the high school at Shelby, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1884. Thereafter he taught four winter terms of school, and in advancing his own education he attended the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, from which in due course he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In the law department of the same institution he pursued his studies under the effective preceptorship of Prof. Alfred Holbrook, who gained high reputation as an educator, and his admission to the bar took place in the City of Buffalo, New York, where he was engaged in the successful practice of his profession for a period of ten years. Soon after his father ,s death Mr. Johnston returned to his native county and assumed the active management of the old home farm, so that his loved mother might be relieved of undue responsibility in this connection. For a time he gave special attention to the breeding and raising of high grade draft horses, as had his father, and the affairs of the farm continued to engross his time and attention until he was elected representative of his home county in the Lower House of the Ohio Legislature, in 1918. He served with characteristic loyalty and ability through the sessions of 1919 and 1920, and was specially active as a member of the committee on agriculture. In the election of 1920 he was defeated, as candidate on the democratic ticket, but in 1922 he was again victorious at the polls. In his first term the two Houses of the Legislature were strongly republican, though the chief executive of the State Government, Governor Cox, was a democrat, he having been democratic nominee for the presidency of the United States in 1920. Mr. Johnston is a stalwart democrat, and the Ohio Legislature for his present term is republican, the while the governor and lieutenant-governor are democrats. In the session of 1923 Mr. Johnston was one of only two democrats on the finance committee of the House of Representatives, and he has made in the Legislature a record of loyal and efficient service of constructive order. The wife of Mr. Johnston died in 1919, and was not survived by children. Her maiden name was. Harriet Kingsborough, and she was born and reared in Richland County. The venerable and devoted mother of Mr. Johnston con- HISTORY OF OHIO - 277 tinues as the gracious chatelaine of the home, and her son Minor K., of this review, still has general supervision of the old home farm. Of her other children it is to be recorded that E. E. is a resident of Buffalo, New York, where he is prominently identified with the commission business and banking enterprise, besides being identified with coal mining operations; Lottie is the wife of A. M. Trego, of Riverton, Wyoming; and Edward R. is engaged in the live, stock commission business at Indianapolis, Indiana. CHARLES B. TINGLEY has shown much discrimination and enterprise in connection with the development of the old homestead place on which he was born and which he has made the stage of successful fruit growing and nursery enterprise. This fine farm estate is situated near Mansfield, metropolis of Richland County, and the land was obtained in a direct way from the State of Ohio by Mr. Tingley's grandfather, William H. Tingley, who came from Trenton, New Jersey, to Richland County, Ohio, about the year 1836, and who has developed the farm property of which the homestead of Charles B. Tingley is a part. William H. Tingley was a skilled blacksmith, and on his farm operated a blacksmith and repair shop in which he did work for his neighbors, besides having frequently been called upon to shoe horses for the Indians, who were still in evidence in this part of the state. A portion of his landed estate is now included in the Richland County Reformatory farm. William H. Tingley, one of the honored pioneers who did well his part in advancing the civic and industrial development of Richland County, was seventy-five years of age at the time of his death. His son Thomas, father of him whose name introduces this review, passed his entire life in Richland County, and remained on the old home farm until his death, at the venerable age of eighty-four years. He was modest and unassuming, never desirous of political activity or public office, and he lived a sane, calm life of utmost worthiness, secure in the confidence and high regard of all who knew him. He married Miss Mary Hershiser, who was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, and who was a child at the time of her parents, coming to Ohio, the overland journey, in 1845, having been made with a four-horse team and a Conestoga wagon. Her father, Jacob Hershiser, settled on a farm near Shelby, where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lifes. Mrs. Tingley passed away at the age of seventy years, and her memory is revered by all who came within the compass of her gracious influence. On his present homestead farm Charles B. Tingley was born March 19, 1855, here he was reared to manhood, and here he has continuously found ample opportunity for productive activity. His early education was obtained in the public schools of his native county. For forty years he has conducted a nursery industry and been a successful fruit grower, and along these lines he has made the old home farm the center of an important productive enterprise that has its part in furthering the prestige of Richland County. He is a stalwart republican, as was his father, and his paternal grandfather was one of the early adherents of this political party. Mr. Tingley is a man of liberal views, keeps in touch with the questions and issues of the day, and is an appreciative student and reader. He attends and gives liberal support to the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which his wife is an active member. Their pleasant home, two miles north of Mansfield, on the Olives-burg Road, is known for its unostentatious. hospitality. Mrs. Laura (Doty) Tingley, the first wife of Mr. Tingley, died after their companionship .had covered a period of thirty years, and she is survived by six children. For his second wife Mr. Tingley wedded Miss Olive Dillon, no children having been born of this union. OSCAR S. COX, M. D. One of the very prominent men in the medical profession of Southern Ohio for many years has been Dr. Oscar S. Cox of McArthur, Vinton County. He has an extensive general practice, has served the public in many capacities, being for two years examiner for the Ohio Industrial Commission, is a specialist in the treatment of epilepsy, and has kept this individual experience constantly in touch with the advancing progress in medical knowledge and discovery. As late as 1919 he did extension work at the State University. Doctor Cox was born on his father ,s farm six miles west of McArthur, at Sheldon, December 20, 1865. He is of old Revolutionary stock, one of his ancestors having been a drummer in the American army under General Washington. A son of this Revolutionary patriot was Thomas Cox, who had the distinction of being born on the 4th of July, 1776. He was a native of Virginia and spent the greater part of his life in that state. His son, James G. Cox, father of Doctor Cox, was born and reared in Ohio, and married a member of the Graves family. They came as pioneers to Ohio, first settling in Vinton County. The land they took up was given them by patent signed by President Polk. Thomas Cox spent the rest of his life on that farm, and died at the venerable age of ninety-three years, while his wife passed away at eighty-five. They were prominent members of the Christian Church. Their son, James G. Cox, was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1832, and spent most of his life on the old homestead in Vinton County, where he died in 1889. On the old Cox farm was erected the first Christian Church in Richland Township. James G. Cox was an elder of the church for man years. He was a democrat in politics. Mr. Cox married Nancy Graves, who was born in Vinton County in 1841, and died January 30, 1902. Her parents were Thomas and Tacit (Darby) Graves, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Virginia. The six children of the marriage of James G. Cox and Nancy Graves were : Thomas S., an extensive farmer and stock raiser of Vinton County; L. Seneca, who was formerly a teacher and is now a farmer ; Sanford, a deaf mute who died in 1920; Dr. 0. S.; Hon. M. S. Cox, who represented Vinton County in the Legislature and is the superintendent of schools of the county ; and Martha M., who died December 10, 1903, at the age of twenty-four. Oscar S. Cox was reared on a farm, attended district schools, the Ohio Northern University at Ada, and for several years was a successful teacher. Later he entered Starling Medical College, now the medical department of the Ohio State University at Columbus, and was graduated with the class of 1892. After graduating he practiced for a time at Chillicothe, Ohio, and eighteen months later returned to the Hanging Rock district and subsequently established his home at McArthur. In addition to his private practice he is medical examiner for a number of insurance companies and for several years was a member of the United States Pension Examiner ,s Board in Vinton County. He was a member of the local draft board during the World war and asked for active service in the Medical Corps. Doctor Cox ha .d as early preceptors in medical studies Dr. D. V. Rannells and Dr. E. S. Ray. For three years after the World war he was medical examiner for the United States Veterans, Bureau. 278 - HISTORY OF OHIO On June 1, 1920, he married Miss Cora E. Wyman, daughter of Rufus H. and Margaret (White) Wyman. She was formerly a teacher at the Vinton County Children's Home and is an active member of the Order of the Eastern Star. She was born and reared in Vinton County. Her father was a manufacturer of monuments, and died August 25, 1920, at the age of sixty-two, while her mother passed away December 29, 1920, aged sixty-four. Doctor Cox is a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the Eastern Star, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Rebekahs, belongs to the State Grange, the Farm Bureau, and is prominent in the church of his ancestors, the Christian denomination, carrying responsibilities in the Sunday School and is county chairman of the church organization. He is also county chairman of the democratic party. Doctor Cox is president of the Cox Brothers Oil & Gas Company. DANIEL RICHARD CRISSINGER had made more than a local reputation through his connections with banking and business in Marion County before the late President Harding called him to the post of comptroller of the currency at Washington. Mr. Crissinger was born in Tully Township, Marion County, Ohio, December 10, 1860, son of John and Margaret (Ganshorn) Crissinger. His father was born in Scott Township, Marion County, Ohio, April 26, 1837, and for many years was in the grocery business, also had extended lumber and farming interests at Caledonia, Ohio. He married, November 22, 1859, Margaret Ganshorn, who was born in Germany, December 22, 1836, and was a child when her parents came to the United States and settled in Marion County in 1846. Daniel Richard Crissinger was educated in public schools, attending high school at Caledonia, and graduated with honors and the Bachelor of Science degree from Buchtel College at Akron in 1885. He received his Bachelor of Laws degree at the University of Cincinnati in 1886, having in the meantime read law at Marion with Judge W. Z. Davis, and after graduating was made a partner in practice with Judge Davis. Mr. Crissinger has been a member of the Marion bar since 1886. He served two terms as prosecuting attorney, being elected in 1888 and reelected in 1891. He was elected city solicitor of Marion in 1893, 1895 and 1897. He was a member of the law firm of Wolf ord & Crissinger from 1897 to 1900, and in 1900 formed a partnership with Fred E. Guthrey, the firm,s title in 1914 becoming Crissinger, Guthrey & Strelitz. Mr. Crissinger for twenty-two years was general counsel for the Marion Steam Shovel Company, was one of the organizers of the Marion Telephone Company, and also helped organize the National Bank & Trust Company, serving as its president until he went to Washington. He is also owner of a large amount of land and raises fine stock. Mr. Crissinger took the post of comptroller of the currency March 15, 1921. He had been a friend as well as a fellow townsman of the late Warren Harding for many years, though at one time they were in opposite political parties. In 1904 Mr. Crissinger was democratic nominee for Congress and again in 1906. Mr. Crissinger has been active in educational affairs in Marion. He is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and a republican. Mr. Crissinger married in 1888 Ella F. Scranton, of Concord, Michigan. GEN. CHARLES E. SAWYER, M. D. who was the personal physician to the late President Harding, and his former chief of the Veterans, Bureau, has been prominent in his profession in Marion County for over forty years. He was born at Nevada, Ohio, January 24, 1860, son of Alonzo and Harriet (Rogers) Sawyer. His father was born in New York State and his mother in Connecticut. General Sawyer attended public schools at Nevada, and was graduated from the Homeopathic Hospital College, now the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical College of the State University, in 1881. He practiced medicine at LaRue from 1881 to 1893, and in 1890 established the Sawyer Sanatorium, which in 1893 he moved to Marion, where it took the name of Dr. C. E. Sawyer Sanatorium, and later the Sawyer Sanatorium, of which he became president and general manager. This sanatorium is located on the White Oak Farm, near Marion, and is a wonderfully beautiful place, being an ideal place for an institution of that kind. Doctor Sawyer is also vice president of the Marion National Bank, and a director of the Cleveland-Pulte Medical College. He was a director of the Masonic Temple Company at Marion. Doctor Sawyer originated a bill, passed by the Ohio Legislature in 1906, creating the home for crippled and deformed children. On March 12, 1921, he was commissioned brigadier-general in the Medical Reserve Corps and called to active duty the same day as physician to the president. He is a trustee of the American Institute of Homeopathy, a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, member of the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society and the Ohio State Medical Association. He is a Lutheran, and former president of the Marion Commercial Club. Doctor Sawyer married, August 11, 1879, Miss May E. Barron, of Nevada, Ohio, daughter of Rev. J. H. and Abbey J. (Walker) Barron. They have one son, Dr. J. W. Sawyer. MAHLON GEBHART has been a qualified member of the Ohio bar for over twenty years, and is a farmer and practicing attorney, with home at Miamisburg in Montgomery County. Mr. Gebhart was educated in public schools, in Antioch College at Yellow Springs, in Wooster University, in Western Reserve University and in the Cincinnati Law School. He was admitted to practice in 1903. He was, elected and served as a member of the Seventy-eighth and Seventy-ninth General assemblies of Ohio, being chairman of the Judiciary Committee in the Seventy-ninth Assembly. In the Seventy-eighth Assembly he made the nominating speech presenting the name of James E. Campbell for United States Senator, and b e also made the nominating speech in the Seventy-ninth Assembly presenting the name of Edward W. Hanley for United States Senator and democratic caucus. Mr. Gebhart is city attorney for Miamisburg. In politics he has always been a consistent democrat. MRS. EMILY G. DOBYNS MCCLURE. One of the finest properties in the Town of Proctorville, Lawrence County, is the old Dobyns, homestead, now occupied as a residence by Mrs. McClure. She and her brother look after the farm. Her father, William Rees Dobyns, a native of Maysville, Kentucky, where he was reared and acquired his early education, subsequently graduating from Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, was a man of much wealth and wide business interests. He was one of the trustees of the James S. Armstrong estate in Cincinnati, and for a number of years he went to Cincinnati, looking after the business of the estate three days each week and the rest of the time operated the farm at Proctorville. This is a truck HISTORY OF OHIO - 279 garden farm for the most part, and there is also an apple orchard and some live stock. The father of William It. Dobyns was Richard Graham Dobyns, a noted physician of Maysville, Kentucky. He married Emily Armstrong, a daughter of John Armstrong. John Armstrong was one of three brothers who came from Ireland and became prominent in Kentucky and West Virginia. The wife of William Rees Dobyns was a Miss Littlejohn, daughter of George Washington Littlejohn, of Scotch ancestry. William R. Dobyns was a nephew of the James S. Armstrong whose estate was one of the large ones in Cincinnati. William Rees Dobyns had four children: Myrtilla Littlejohn, Emily G., Elizabeth, now deceased, and James Armstrong Dobyns, who is unmarried and is the active manager of the Dobyns' farm at Proctorville. He is a member of the Masonic Order and the Elks. The daughter Myrtilla married Charles Beckett, a resident of Huntington, West Virginia. Her first husband was Albert Rees Cunningham, and by that union she had a son, Albert J. Emily G. Dobyns was married March 31, 1919, in New York City, to Mr. Lawrence L. McClure. Mr. McClure is a lawyer at Huntington, West Virginia, is a graduate of Amherst College and of the Law School of West Virginia University at Morgantown. Lawrence L. McClure is a son of T. B. McClure, a professor of English in West Virginia Uniyersity. T. B. McClure married Alice Burgess. WILLIAM S. HARRIS, secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of Portsmouth, has some interesting relations with prominent Ohio people, his grandfather having been one of the pioneer manufacturers of the Mahoning Valley and his maternal grandfather is closely identified with the early history of the Hanging Rock Iron Region. His paternal grandfather was William E. Harris, a native of England, where he learned the iron business. About 1836 he came to this country, and became general manager of the Granite Iron & Tin Plate Company of St. Louis. Later he erected the plant and was general manager of the Falcon Iron & Tin Plate Company of Niles, Ohio. He knew something of the process of manufacturing tin plate, a process which had been successfully worked out in England and was kept a secret by the industrial owners of that country. William E. Harris went back to England, and after much trouble secured sufficient data so that he was able to introduce tin plate manufacture in the United States. While in England, his mission being perfected, he was ejected from many of the tin plants where he was seeking information. William E. Harris married Emma Stewart, of Portsmouth, Ohio. Her father was Hugh Stewart, one of the original owners of much of the property where the City of Portsmouth now is. Mrs. William E. Harris is still living at Portsmouth, and owns some of the valuable property once belonging to her father. Hugh Stewart married Betsie Duncan, of old Virginia. William E. Harris during his residence at Niles became a warm personal friend of William McKinley of that city, afterwards Governor of Ohio and President of the United States. Frank G. Harris, son of William E., was born at Portsmouth, Ohio, and during all his active career was associated with his father in the manufacture of tin plate. Frank G. Harris married Opal DePendre, a native of France. William S. Harris was born at St. Louis, Missouri, November 25, 1887, but in his infancy his parents returned to Ohio, and he grew up and received his early education at Niles. He graduated from the high school there in 1906, and then went to work, his early experience being in the newspaper business. Mr. Harris in 1909 spent a summer term in the University of Wisconsin, taking special work in commerce and political science. After graduating from high school he spent two years on the staff of the Niles Daily News, 1907-08, during 1909 was connected with the Cambridge Springs Newspaper, during 1910 was with the Meadville Messenger in Pennsylvania, and then took charge of the Morning Democrat at Ridgway, Pennsylvania, for J. K. P. Hall, United States Senator of Pennsylvania. Returning to Ohio, he managed the noted old paper at Youngstown, the Vindicator, for four years, and for a short time was connected with the Cleveland Plain Dealer. He was next with the Detroit Free Press at Detroit. Since leaving Detroit he has lived at Portsmouth, where he makes his home with his Grandmother Harris. He soon became identified as secretary with the Portsmouth Board of Trade and the Business Men,s Association, and he handled all the work of these organizations during the World war, and additionally was secretary of the Draft Board and a member of all the committees for raising funds and prosecuting other war measures. In 1909 a merger of business men,s organizations was affected, the Board of Trade and Business Men,s Association uniting as the Chamber of Commerce, and also taking in the West End Improvement dub. Since then Mr. Harris has been secretary of the Chamber of Commerce. This Chamber in proportion to the size of the community it represents is the largest in the state, having an active membership of over fifteen hundred. January 15, 1918, in Cincinnati, Mr. Harris married Miss Faye Darr, daughter Of John Darr, a native of Indiana and a druggist. Mr. and Mrs. Harris are members of the First Presbyterian Church. He is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Rotary Club. E. LEONARD PERCIVAL is one of the progressive young business men of the City of Youngstown, where he is not only district manager for the representative Cleveland mortgage and loan firm of S. Ulmer & Sons, but also director of the Valley Cities Brick Company, and president of each the Ohio Motor Underwriters Company and the Allied Motor Mutual Insurance Company. Mr. Percival was born at New Castle, Pennsylvania, June 6, 3888, and is a son of Enoch and Sarah (Whitehead) Percival., The father was born in England and has been a resident of Youngstown, Ohio, since 1901. He was formerly employed in steel plants in this city, but is now living virtually retired, both he and his wife being active communicants of the Protestant Episcopal Church. In the public schools of Pennsylvania the early discipline of E. Leonard Percival included that of the high school, and at the age of sixteen years he entered clerical service in Youngstown, Ohio, where he became associated with the General Fireproofing Company, with which corporation he continued to be allied until 1919 and with which he won advancement to the position of manager of the order and billing department. He then turned his attention to the investment business, and in 1920 he assumed his present important executive position, that of district manager for the firm of S. Ulmer & Sons in the Youngstown district. Mr. Percival is found staunchly aligned in the ranks of the republican party, is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, in which he is now (1924) serving as worshipful master of Hillman Lodge No. 481, Free and Accepted Masons, besides which he is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is a member also of the Protected Home Circle and the local Rotary Club. He and his wife are zealous 280 - HISTORY OF OHIO communicants of the Protestant Episcopal Church in their home city, he being a member of the vestry and a teacher in its Sunday school. In the year 1910 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Percival and Miss J. May McMaster, daughter of Robert McMaster, of Youngstown, and the two children of this union are Wesley Leonard and Jane May. EDWARD YOUNG, who is associated with his son, Arthur F. Young, in the firm Young & Young, real estate and insurance at Portsmouth, has been a man of industry and commendable integrity in that community for many years, and is a native of the city where he is now doing business. He was born at Portsmouth, March 12, 1875, son of Berry and Josephine (Sturgeon) Young. His parents are both living. His father was a soldier in the Civil war, and spent his active career as a farmer. He has passed the last few years of his life in the Old Soldiers, Home. "Edward Young was the third in a family of four sons and two daughters. As a boy he attended. the district schools of Scioto County, and at the age of fifteen went to work in a factory making spokes for wheels. His longest period of work was with the Shelby Shoe factory. He became a cutter, and was in the shoe business for about twenty years. On leaving the Selby Company, Mr. Young went with the Whitaker-Glessner Steel Company as a foreman in the local plant at Portsmouth. Two years later, after the World war, in 1919, Mr. Young, who had previously become interested in real estate, took up that as a regular business, and he and his son Arthur, who had just been released from war service, established the firm of Young & Young. They are one of the leading organizations handling real estate and insurance in Scioto County. Edward Young is a member of the First Christian Church. He married at Portsmouth Miss Albina Storer, daughter of Victor and Maria (Williams) Storer. Their five children are : Arthur, Helen, Elmer, Edward and Charles. Arthur F. Young was born at Portsmouth, May 29, 1897. He attended the public schools, graduating from high school in 1915, and since then has been earning his own way. On March 4, 1918, before reaching his twenty-first birthday, he volunteered and, going to Cornell University at Ithaca, New York, had five months of training in the Photography Air Service of the army. This was followed by additional training of four months at Garden City, Long Island, and from there he went overseas and was on duty abroad until after the armistice. Arthur Young married in August, 1919, at Portsmouth, Adalene M. Bodner, daughter of Fred and Louisa (Laublen) Bodner. Her father is still living, a paint contractor. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Young have two children, Arthur F., Jr., and Walter Lee. They are members of the Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, and he is a Royal Arch and Council degree Mason, an Elk, a member of the Chamber of Commerce and the American Legion. OMER LA VELLE KNECHTTY. The art of healing, exemplified in various schools and systems of medical science that have contributed in their different ways to the alleviation of the ills of humanity, has made marvelous progress within The past few years, and judging by its practical results, great credit must be accorded, to that method now widely known as Chiropractic. Its educated and highly skilled practitioners are found all over the world, for the bentfits of this system have been so apparent to intelligent people that more and more it has sup planted older systems. A leading professional man of Portsmouth, Ohio, who is a prominent exponent of Chiropractic, is Dr. Omer La Velle Knechtty, who has been professionally established here for some years. Doctor Knechtty was born at Seamon, Adams County, Ohio, September 3, 1883, a son of Eli and Emma (La Velle) Knechtty, of German-Swiss extraction on the paternal and of French on the maternal side. His paternal grandfather, Ulrich Knechtty, came in early life from Central Europe to the United States, locating first in Pennsylvania, moving later to Indiana and finally settling permanently in Ohio. The doctor ,s maternal grandfather was educated in France for the Catholic priesthood, in all probability to please his family, for subsequently he turned his mind to other interests, came to America and afterward lived a happy and contended life in Indiana and Ohio. Eli Knechtty, who is one of the representative citizens and substantial men of Seaman, Ohio, was like his wife, born in this state, and her death occurred here. He has been an extensive farmer and stockman, and has also been a large grower and handler of tobacco. He was one of the organizers of the Bank of Seaman, of which he is yet a director, is active in all public matters and is a member of the Board of Trustees of the United Presbyterian Church. Had Doctor Knechtty not chosen a professional career, he might easily have become prominent along other lines, for his ability and energy have been abundantly manifested in different directions. In the first place, he received excellent educational training, first in the public schools of Olive Township, near his father ,s farm, then in the West Union Normal School, and this was supplemented by a full commercial course in Nelson,s Business College at Cincinnati, which course he completed in 1903. With a natural leaning toward mechanics, he then turned his attention to machinery, entered the only automobile plant then in Cincinnati, and proved so adept that he became the firm's head mechanic. From boyhood, however, he had cherished the ambition to enter the medical profession, and with that end in view he entered upon its study, and after devoting two years to preparatory work at Muskingum College was about ready to enter the Cincinnati Medical College, when an opportunity arose that in a business way he believed it would be lacking in judgment to fail to take advantage thereof. Here was another development of unsuspected talent, and during the next year he successfully engaged in building and contracting. In 1912 Mr. Knechtty settled the matter as to his professional future, entering the Chiropractic College at Davenport, Iowa, from which he was graduated on March 4, 1914. For eighteen months he engaged in practice at Seaman, then spent one year professionally at Aurora, Nebraska, moving then to Spanish Fork, Utah, where he remained eighteen months and then, in search of a wilder field of effort and usefulness, came to Portsmouth, Ohio. Owing to a certain Government ruling during the World war against Chiropractic, he temporarily closed his office, but resumed active practice as soon as the war was over. During the interval he worked as a machinist in the Whitaker Steel Works. On April 26, 1917, Doctor Knechtty married Miss Hazel Meldrum, who is a daughter of Alexander and Alice (Rogers) Meldrum, the latter of whom is a native of California. The father of Mrs. Knechtty was born in New York, and for gears before retiring from active life, was a prominent railroad contractor. She was educated also at Davenport, Iowa, and was graduated from the Chiropractic College with her HISTORY OF OHIO - 281 degree on August 27, 1914, and is associated with her husband in practice. In both professional and social life they are held in the highest esteem. Dr. Omer Knechtty is a Knight Templar Mason and a Shriner. RUSSELL G. HENLEY, who resides in the City of Portsmouth and holds the position of master mechanic with the Norfolk & Western Railroad, reverts to the historic old Dominion State as the place of his nativity, and is a scion of families there established in the Colonial period of our national history. In Virginia were born all of his grandparents, R. Y. and Mary (McGruder) Henley, and Bernard and Dorothy (Bagby) Walker. Mr. Henley was born at Walkerton, King and Queen County, Virginia, May 17, 1884, and is a son of Dr. R. Y. and Dora Dean (Walker) Henley, both of whom passed their entire lives in Virginia and both of whom were devout communicants of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Doctor Henley was for a term of years established in the practice of dentistry in the City of Richmond, Virginia, and was a citizen of no minor prominence and influence. Of the six children four are living at the time of this writing, in the summer of 1923. The earlier education of Russell G. Henley was obtained in the public schools of Virginia, and in 1900 he was graduated from the high school at Lexington, Kentucky. Thereafter he applied himself effectively to a course of study in the great International Correspondence schools at Scranton, Pennsylvania, and also in the Mechanical Institute at Richmond, Virginia. He next served a four years, special apprenticeship in the plant of the Richmond Locomotive Works, with which he thereafter continued one year as a skilled mechanic. He then took a position as machinist in the shops of the Norfolk & Western Railroad at Bluefield, West Virginia, where he was shortly afterward made assistant foreman of the roundhouse in 1908. Later he was made a general foreman, and in this capacity his work called him to various places on the line of this railway system. Since 1918 he has maintained his residence and official headquarters at Portsmouth, where are established the principal shops of the railroad company outside of those at Roanoke, Virginia. Mr. Henley is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and he and his wife hold membership in the Christian Church. In June, 1915, at Gary, West Virginia, was recorded the marriage of Mr. Henley and Miss Ann Walden, daughter of William Ward Walden, a mine inspector who was born in Virginia, as was also his wife, whose family name was Hoolt. Mr. and Mrs. Henley have one son, Russell G., Jr. ERNEST W. KRAHL. One of the leading industries of the City of Ironton is the C. Hutchins Company, wholesale cigar manufacturers. The vice president and manager of this business is Ernest W. Krahl, who learned the cigar making trade as a boy in Pittsburgh, and is prominent in tobacco circles over the Middle West. Mr. Krahl was born at Pittsburgh, March 21, 1869, son of Henry and Mary (Frey) Krahl, now deceased. All his grandparents were born in Germany, his paternal grandfather being John Krahl, who came to America when his son Henry was seventeen years of age. His maternal grandparents were George and Margaret (Fischer) Frey. Mary Frey was born in Virginia, and was reared in that state and from there moved to Gallipolis, Ohio. Henry Krahl was a carpenter and builder, and a native of Pennsylvania, where he spent his active life. He was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen and a Lutheran. Ernest W. Krahl grew up at Pittsburgh, attending the public schools to the age of fifteen, and then began his apprenticeship in a cigar factory. For three years he was with the United American Tobacco Company and for fourteen years was manager for the Stewart Company. While in Pittsburgh he formed his first connections with the Hutchins Company, and about six years ago he came to Ironton, Ohio. The Hutchins Company began business in 1865 at Marietta, Ohio. Its founder was C. Hutchins. Subsequently a factory was opened at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and finally the headquarters of the business were transferred to Ironton. C. Hutchins, Cigar Company was incorporated in 1917, with Mr. Krahl as one of the incorporators and vice president and manager of the business. The president is D. C. Pape. The daily output of this factory is 20,000 cigars. Mr. Krahl in June, 1899, at Pittsburgh, married Miss Bertha Weise, daughter of F. G. and Matilda (Benser) Weise. Her parents were born in Germany. Her father was in the furniture business at Pittsburgh, and the family are Lutherans. Mrs. Krahl is next to the youngest of four daughters, the others being Tilla, Ida and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Krahl are members of the Lutheran Church. He is a Knight Templar and Scottish Rite .Mason and Shriner, being a standard bearer of the Knights Templar Commandery and high priest of the Royal Arch Chapter. CHARLES STEPHEN MCVAY, superintendent of city schools of New Philadelphia, is a veteran Ohio educator, having devoted more than a third of a century to teaching and school administration. He is widely and favorably known in educational circles over the state. Mr. McVay was born on a farm in Monroe County, Ohio, February 15, 1872, son of Jacob and Lucinda Tahmer (Hogue) McVay, both natives of Monroe County, where his father was born February 12, 1846, and his mother, August 14, 1848. She is still living, a resident of Caldwell, Ohio. Jacob McVay was himself a teacher in the country schools of his native county, for twenty-six years, and also spent many years at farming. At the age of eighteen he volunteered in the Union Army, serving in the Civil war to the end of that struggle. He kept his home OP. the farm until his two sons and five daughters had grown up and gone out into the world, after which he established a residence in Caldwell, Noble County. He was always active in republican politics, serving several years as justice of the peace in Franklin Township of Monroe County and clerk of the County Board of Elections. At Caldwell he was serving as mayor when he suddenly died September 30, 1913. He was found dead at his office, with his morning newspaper spread out before him, his docket open, and with eye-glasses on and chain in hand, having passed to the great beyond without a struggle. He and his wife were long consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and reared their family in the same faith. Charles Stephen McVay had a thorough apprenticeship at the toil and discipline of an Ohio farm during his youth. He attended the rural schools, also the village schools at the nearby town of Stafford, and at the age of sixteen secured a teacher 's license. While teaching he attended summer school, and has kept himself in touch with all progress in educational affairs. While teaching in the country he attended the summer normal schools, and in 1908 entered Ohio Northern University, where he was graduated with the Bachelor of Pedagogy degree in 1910 and in 1912 282 - HISTORY OF OHIO received the degree Bachelor of Science of Education. He also pursued post-graduate work during the summers of 1913 and 1916 in Columbia University, New York. Mr. McVay in 1909 after examination was granted an Ohio school life certificate, and in 1916 a high school life certificate. His teaching experience included eight years in the rural schools. Following that for four years he was principal of schools at Stafford, the village in which he himself had been a stndent years before. Then for a number of years he was connected with the schools at Woodsfield, Ohio, teaching two years in the grammar department, two years as principal of high school and four years as superintendent of the schools. At Bellaire, Ohio, Mr. McVay was head of the department of science in the high school two years, principal of the high school five years, and for three years superintendent of the city schools, giving him a record of ten years in that city. For four years he was superintendent of schools at Ambridge, Pennsylvania, resigning that position to return to Ohio and take the position of superintendent of schools at New Philadelphia, where he is serving his third year. He has been in educational work more than thirty-six years, and is a well known member of the Northeastern Ohio Teachers' Association, Ohio State Teachers , Association, National Educational Association and National Superintendents Association. Mr. McVay is associated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Rotary Club, the Chamber of Commerce in New Philadelphia, and for many years has been identified with the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a member of the Official Board of the church at New Philadelphia, and president of the Men,s Bible Class. He is president of the City Library Board and in politics is a republican. Mr. McVay married in 1903 Miss Maude Hughes, of Stafford, Ohio. They have two daughters, Georgia and Marion. MRS. MARY MINERVA THOMPSON HUGHES. The City of Oxford and particularly the Oxford College for Women have long regarded Mary Minerva Thompson Hughes as a benefactor in the truest sense, and one of Ohio ,s splendid woman characters. She was born near Springfield, Massachusetts, but was brought to Oxford, Ohio, by her parents while she was in infancy, and Oxford has been her home ever since. Her father, Benjamin Harrison Thompson, traced his ancestry to the celebrated Mudge family of the sixteenth century, and it is noteworthy that President Grover Cleveland traced his ancestry back to the same source. Benjamin Harrison Thompson married Hannah Wilkinson, who came from England. Both these parents are now deceased. Mrs. Hughes was cducated in Miami University and at Oxford College for Women, graduating from the latter school with the Bachelor of Science degree in 1902. For five years she was a teacher in the public schools of her home city. Much of her work has been done through the alumni organization of Oxford College for Women. This college was founded by Rev. John W. Scott, Doctor of Divinity. His daughter, Caroline, became the wife of President Benjamin Harrison, heir mar- riage having been celebrated in Oxford. Mrs. Benjamin Harrison was the first national regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution and one of the eminent women of her state and nation. Mrs. Hughes originated the idea of getting the Daughters of the American Revolution to raise $100,000 to erect a fitting memorial at Oxford College for Women to Caroline Scott Harrison. At the state meeting of the Daughters of the American Revolu tion at London, Ohio, Mrs. Hughes presented the idea through an effectively worded circular which recalled the fact of Mrs. Harrison ,s connection with the Daughters and also with Oxford College, where she was educated. The convention received Mrs. Hughes, proposal with great enthusiasm, and the year that the State Association met at Cincinnati the Caroline Scott Harrison Memorial Association was organized to carry out the purposes advanced by Mrs. Hughes. Moreover, in recognition of her prominent part in launching the proposition, on the motion of Mrs. Joseph Benson Foraker, wife of the late United States Senator Foraker, Mrs. Hughes was elected the first president of this association. Mrs. Hughes also organized the Caroline Scott Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution at Oxford, and she secured a gift to Oxford College from the Daughters of the American Revolution of enough furniture to furnish a sixty-room dormitory. Mrs. Hughes is a member of the Caroline Scott Chapter of the Daughters, also the Association of University Women, and in the past has served as secretary of the woman,s clnb and for five years played the pipe organ in the Methodist Episcopal Church. She was also an officer of the Federation of Woman’s Clubs, and one of the first organizers of this federation in Ohio. She is a member of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union. During recent years Mrs. Hughes has devoted much of her time and energy to private business. A very practical hobby of hers is the buying up of property that has greatly deteriorated and remodeling and improving it. In this way she bought the Green Tree Inn property, remodeled it, and is its proprietress. She bought the house of George W. Kelly and opened a modern tea room, making four additions to the building. This is the home in which President Benjamin Harrison roomed while attending Miami University at Oxford. She also bought the old Girard House, which was more than 100 years old, and has completely remodeled it and made it into a modern tea room for students. She calls this property the Spinning Wheel. This building was at one time used temporarily as one of the buildings of Oxford College. ALEXANDER MARTIN GLOCKNER was born on the 6th of April, 1866, at Portsmouth, Ohio, and is the son of Bernard and Magdalene (Beck) Glockner. Both father and mother are now deceased, after many years of useful and reputable lives. The father came from Germany in 1847, and the mother from the same country six years later. Both were from prominent Germanic ancestry. The next year after the arrival of Magdalene in this country, or in 1854, her marriage to Bernard Glockner occurred. During his early career here the father worked at various pursuits, really at whatever promised the highest reward. But in 1872 he entered permanently into the hardware business, and soon was doing a profitable and prosperous transaction. His death occurred on October 27, 1876, and afterward the store was conducted by his widow under the name of the Mrs. M. Glockner Hardware Store. This she conducted with the assistance of her children until October 22, 1891, when she also passed away. Both made the business a success and both bnilt up an enviable reputation for sound citizenship. When she died her son Alexander bought out the store. For many years he had worked at that pursuit and was familiar with all the details of retail management and the hardware trade. His father and mother were unwavering members of the Catholic Church, in which both held, as the years passed by, positions of trust and responsibility and were highly regarded HISTORY OF OHIO - 283 by their Catholic fathers. So far as known their ancestors Were of Germanic origin, the greater number of them living in Baden, or in that part of the former empire. Alexander M. Glockner was educated in the public schools of Portsmouth, but was forced to end his school career owing to the demand for his services in the store of his mother and owing to the necessity of his taking up his own affairs at once. While his father lived young Alexander had worked in the hardware store, but as he did not like that occupation he had learned the moulder ,s trade and followed it successfully for five years and laid up considerable money. At the end of the five years he resumed the old .hardware business, and, in reality, it was him who conducted the store and business after the death of his father, while his mother ,s name was at the head of the concern. After his mother ,s death in 1891 he purchased the store, as before stated, and has ever since conducted the project under his own name. It is now clear that he has built up one of the largest and most promising hardware establishments in the county, and at the same time has secured a reputation far ahead of the average business man. He has steadily enlarged his field of operations, adding this and that department until his trade is varied as well as profitable. He has on hand a large assortment of sporting goods of almost every description, and is himself in reality a genuine sportsman, as shown by his .gun and his fishing rod and his high bred hounds and setters. At the same time he is one of the largest and most successful sellers of automobiles in the county, with a large garage and a complete and very active repair shop. He is a director in the Royal Building & Loan Company and in the Washington Hotel Company, and is one of the foremost residents of the city in civic, commercial and municipal affairs and activities. On the 9th of February, 1893, at Portsmouth, he married Miss Adaline, daughter of Joseph and Adaline (Voch) Lange. Both of her parents are deceased and both were natives of Germany, where they grew to maturity and finally came to the United States, hoping to better their condition and surroundings. Upon their arrival in this country they came West to Ohio and finally located in Scioto County, where the father found employment in the Gaylord Steel Mills, where he revealed his capacity for expert mechanical work. and designing. There he remained for a considerable time, but also worked at other pursuits. To Alexander and Adaline Glockner the following children were born: Edward, Helen, Louise and Anna. All the children were given as good educations as the local schools could muster, which is saying a good deal. Edward married Miss Helen Folts, and they have two children, Edward and Leo. Edward Glockner served with high credit in the World war, and came home with a reputation that will never diminish nor disappear. Alexander Glockner is a member of the Knights of Columbus, of St. Marys Catholic Church and of the Portsmouth Chamber of Commerce. He is a conspicuous citizen and a competent business manager. WILLIS T. MINICK was born in Crawford County nearly four score years ago. His has been a lifc of effective purpose and energy, with many good works to his credit. For several years his home has been in the City of Bucyrus. He was born in Holmes Township, December 23, 1844, son of Thomas and Ann (Smith) Minick. His father was born in Virginia in 1795 and his mother, near Emmettsburg, Maryland, in 1803. They were married in Pennsylvania, where they lived for several years, and in 1838 came West in a covered wagon to Crawford County, Ohio. Thomas Minick bought eighty acres of land in Holmes Township, cleared it and developed a farm, and remained a member of that community the rest of his years. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and in politics voted as a democrat until 1856, at which time he allied himself with the newly formed republican party. Willis T. Minick, the only survivor of a family of eight children, grew up on the old homestead in Holmes Township, and learned his lessons in the common schools. At the age of nineteen he moved to Bucyrus, where he completed a course in the high school, and for six years he was one of the popular teachers of the county. He married in 1868, and then bought the old farm from his parents, and continued there engaged in the profitable labors of a general farmer until 1895. In that year he removed to Bucyrus, and for four years was in the creamery business. He also clerked in a hardware store for seven years. Mr. Minick in 1868 married Miss Mercia Albright, daughter of Joseph Albright. She died in 1904. The only son, Orris H. Minick, was well educated, and married a daughter of Joseph Burnett. Their daughter, Ora Minick, became the wife of Howard Helrick, and the two children of Mr. and Mrs. Helrick are great-grandchildren of Mr. Minick. ELLIOTT D. MOORE, M. D. In his service of thirty-six years in the medical profession, Doctor Moore has divided between two communities, his native Harrison County and Tuscarawas County, and along with his professional service he has given fully of his time, energy and means to the promotion of worthy causes, formerly being active in politics in Harrison County, and at New Philadelphia has been identified with the progressive element in citizenship. Doctor Moore was born on a farm near Moorfield, in Harrison County, March 30, 1864, a son of Uriah and Mary (Fulton) Moore. His father was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, in 1814, and was six years of age when his parents, in 1820, came to Ohio and settled in Harrison County, where he grew up and spent the rest of his life. As a young man he learned the art of making spinning wheels, but most of his years were devoted to farming. His wife, Mary Fulton, was born and reared in Harrison County, her father being a native of Scotland. The youngest of ten children, Elliott D. Moore grew up on a farm, attended the country schools and then the local normal schools and for four years used his teacher ,s license in the rural districts of Harrison County. While teaching he took up the study of medicine, and for three years studied under the direction of a local physician at Moorfield. He then entered the Medical Department of Western Reserve University of Cleveland, and was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1888, at the age of twenty-four. Doctor Moore for seventeen years practiced medicine at Moorefield, and in 1905 removed to New Philadelphia. In this new environment he has achieved a large practice and has attained an enviable standing in the profession. He has served on the medical staff of the Union Hospital at New Philadelphia and Dover, and has been lecturer in the Nurses Training School. He is a member of the Tuscarawas County, Ohio State and American Medical associations. While in recent years Doctor Moore has been regarded as an independent in politics, he was formerly active in the democratic party, and while in Harrison County, served as a member of the Local Pension Board under appointment from President Cleveland. In 1898 he was nominated as democratic candidate for Congress in the old Sixteenth Congressional District, a republican stronghold. Since removing to New Philadelphia he has been less active 284 - HISTORY OF OHIO in partisan politics. For four years he was a member of the Board of Education, and during the World war gave much of his time to his duties as a member of the Local Draft Board, and helped in all the various campaigns. He has never withheld support from any deserving public movement. He has proved a staunch friend of education, the church and social welfare efforts. Doctor Moore is a Presbyterian, is a Knights Templar Mason, a Shriner and Knight of Pythias, is a member of the Country Club, and served as the second president of the Rotary Club at New Philadelphia. He married in 1888 Miss Addle Moore, a member of an unrelated branch of the Moore family in Harrison County, where there are many families of that name. She was born and reared in the county and is likewise a Presbyterian. Doctor and Mrs. Moore have one daughter, Marion, the wife of Eugene Warner, of Canton, Ohio. EDWARD J. KNAPPENBERGER, who recently retired from office as sheriff of Crawford County, is one of the prominent younger citizens of the county, and has been active in business and politics there for several years. He was born in Liberty Township, Crawford County, June 20, 1888, son of George and Elizabeth (Layer) Knappenberger. His grandparents, George and Rosena (Bahler) Knappenberger, were born and married in Germany, where one child was born to them, and in 1846 they came to the United States and settled on a farm in Liberty Township of Crawford County. They had eight children: Adam, Rosa, Elizabeth, Kathe, Pauline, May, George and Sarah, five of whom are still living. George Knappenberger was reared at the old homestead, attended common schools, and after his marriage located on the Knappenberger farm. He became the father of seven children: Jesse, a farmer in Liberty Township; Harvey, who is secretary of a building and loan association at Cleveland; Edna, who died when two years old; Edward J.; Edith, wife of C. C. Doan, of Cleveland; Wilbert, who is a World war veteran, was wounded while overseas, and is now bookkeeper in a brick plant at Fredericksburg, Ohio; and Walter, at home. Edward J. Knappenberger grew up on the farm, attended the country schools and is a graduate of the Bucyrus High School, and on December 1, 1910, married Miss Grace Leichtenwalter. She was born in Holmes Township of Crawford County, June 9, 1887, daughter of William and Alice (Ramsberger) Leichtenwalter. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Knappenberger located on a farm in Holmes Township and were busily engaged in farming. Since 1908 he has also been an auctioneer, and has cried sales all over this part of the state. Mr. Knappenberger was elected sheriff of Crawford County in 1918, beginning his first term January 1, 1919. By reelection he served until January 1, 1923. He was for two terms a trustee of Holmes Township, is a democrat, and is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Fraternal Order of Eagles and Loyal Order of Moose. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Church. They have two children: Robert E., born November 21, 1918; and Evelyn L., born April 18, 1921. MARTIN WILKINSON. Not every man can succeed in the hotel business, for it is one requiring certain characteristics, without which such an enterprise will not flourish. He must understand what the public wants, and how to supply what is needed in the way of food and comfortable lodging. Martin Wilkinson was born at Crestline, and his parents, natives of Ireland, were long residents of this flourishnig city. Until he was seventeen Mr. Wilkinson attended the public schools of his native city, and then entered one of the hotels of Crestline, and until 1893 continued one of its employes, learning in this connection the details of the business. In that year he bought the Gibson Hotel and entered upon his long career as a hotel owner and operator. In addition to his hotel Mr. Wilkinson is interested in other local enterprises. Mr. and Mrs. Wilkinson have two daughters. While Mr. Wilkinson is a democrat, he has never taken much part in politics, but does give the candidates of his party a loyal support at election times. Quiet, unassuming people, Mr. Wilkinson and his wife have earned their present success in business, as well as the real esteem in which they are held by their fellow townsmen. FRANK EARL LANCASTER, the popular deputy clerk of the Board of Elections of Mahoning County, with residence in the City of Youngstown, was one of the gallant young men who represented Ohio in overseas service in the World war, and his civic loyalty is on a parity with that which he thus manifested in his military career as a patriot soldier in the world,s great conflict at arms. He is now giving attention also to the study of law, with the intention of establishing himself ultimately in practice as a member of the Youngstown bar. Mr. Lancaster was born near Chewtown, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, March 8, 1898, and is a son of Basil George and Mary (Monch) Lancaster, the former of whom was born in the State of Michigan, and the latter in the Province of Ontario, Canada, their home being now at Struthers, Mahoning County, Ohio. After profiting by the advantages of the public schools, including the high school, and also those of a business college, Mr. Lancaster served for a time as clerk in the railroad office at Wampum Station, in his native county, a position which he had held also in his summer vacations from school. His entire period of service in this capacity covered three years, and incidentally he had the distinction of operating the first moving picture machine that gave public entertainment at Wampum Station. At New Castle, judicial center of his native county, he entered the employ of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company, where he served in turn as yard clerk and billing clerk and was finally made index clerk. After the lapse of somewhat more than two years he there transferred to the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad, in the capacity of stenographer to the divisional freight agent. Later he was promoted to interchange clerk and assistant cashier in the freight offices of the same division, and after a period of eighteen months had thus passed he came to Youngstown, Ohio, and assumed the position of stenographer to the paymaster of the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company. He was thus engaged at the time when the nation became actively involved in the World war, in April,. 1917, and on the 2d of the following month he enlisted for service in the United States Army and was assigned to the Signal Corps. He had preliminary training at various places, and finally was assigned to service with the Eighth Battalion of Field Artillery, then stationed at the Presidio, Monterey, California. There he served as sergeant and company clerk from July until December, 1917, and he was then transferred to Camp Green, North Carolina, and made chief clerk in the divisional signal office. In April, 1918, he was transferred to Camp Mills, Long Island, and on the 3d of the following month, with the Fourth Division, he embarked for overseas service. He landed in the port of Liverpool, May 16th, and thence proceeded with his command to the City of London. One week later HISTORY OF OHIO - 285 the Fourth Division arrived in France and forthwith went into action at Chateau Thierry. With his division Mr. Lancaster was thereafter in continuous action at the battle front until November 12, and after the signing of the armistice his division became a part of the allied Army of Occupation in Germany. September 4, 1919, he embarked for the home voyage, and at Camp Dix, Pennsylvania, he received his honorable discharge, with rank of sergeant of the first class. After the close of this patriotic service Mr. Lancaster returned to Youngstown and resumed his former position, which he retained until the early part of 1920, when he was made ledger man in the offices of the East Ohio Gas Company, with later assignment to its information and complaint department. In September of the same year he was appointed deputy clerk of the courts for Mahoning County, and in this connection he had charge of naturalization matters from October 1, 1920, until April 30, 1923—a position of importance, owing to the large foreign element of the great industrial activities of Youngstown. He was then appointed deputy clerk of the County Board of Elections, the position of which he is the incumbent at the time of this writing, in the summer of 1924. Mr. Lancaster is aligned loyally in the ranks of the republican party, he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church, and he is actively affiliated with the local post of the American Legion, through the medium of which he perpetuates his association with former World war comrades. He has membership also in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. March 8, 1921, recorded the marriage of Mr. Lancaster and Miss Anna Cook, who was born at Dubois, Pennsylvania, and they have a fine little son, Frank Howard, born February 11, 1923. HARRY E. HAWORTH is manager at Gallipolis for the Harmony Creamery Company. This is a business with headquarters at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and operating plants in a large number of Ohio towns. Mr. Haworth has been the man primarily responsible for the upbuilding of the business to prosperous proportions in Gallia County. Mr. Haworth is a native of Lancashire, England, where he was born June 25, 1867, son Of William and Mary Haworth. His parents spent all their lives in England, where his father died in 1880 and his mother in 1917. Harry E. Haworth, one of three children, and the only one to comp to the United States, acquired his early education in England, and after working on a farm for a short time became an auditor and bookkeeper. In 1896 he came to the United States, and soon afterwards in Medina County, Ohio, became an office employe of the Harmony Creamery Company. This company subsequently sent him to its Portage Comity plant, and from Portage he went to the Whalen plant in the same county, then to Newton Falls in Trumbull County, following which he was at Vera Cruz, Indiana, representing other interests. When he resigned from the Harmony Creamery Company he was sent to Gallipolis, and for ten years has been a resident of that Southern Ohio city. He looked after the office, and later took over the duties of another man in the field work, and since taking the management the business has more than doubled, and a great deal of opposition has been overcome. In 1923 the plant made nearly 1,750,000 pounds of butter. This Pittsburgh corporation markets the products of its many plants through Pittsburgh, and though some of the butter is sold to the local trade, the company does not solicit such business. At Gallipolis the company maintains plants at Newton Falls, Whalen, Silver Lake, Phalanx, and two plants at West Farmington. Mr. Haworth married at Brunswick, Ohio, April 11, 1900, Miss Cornelia Root, daughter of John and Cornelia Root, now deceased. Her father was a farmer, a Methodist and an Odd Fellow. There were four sons and two daughters in the Root family, Frank, William, Albert, Harry, Florence and Mrs. Haworth. Mr. and Mrs. Haworth had one daughter, Anna. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. LOUIS E. GEUSS. As one of the rising young attorneys of Youngstown, Louis E. Geuss is adding prestige to his family, one of the old ones of the city, and winning for himself the place in his profession to which his abilities entitle him. He was born at Youngstown, September 10, 1891, a son of Louis E. and Malinda (Stevely) Geuss, natives of Warren County, Ohio, and of Youngstown, respectively. The paternal grandparents were Ernest F. and Anna Geuss. For thirty years the elder Louis E. Geuss was a merchant of Youngstown, but his long and honorable business career was terminated by his death in 1912. He is survived by his widow, who is still a resident of Youngstown. After completing his high school courses Louis E. Geuss, of this review, entered the law school of Western Reserve University, and was graduated therefrom in June, 1915. In July of the same year he was admitted to the bar, and entered at once upon the practice of his profession. Since September, 1922, he has been a member of the strong legal firm of Kaufman, Geuss & Collins. On October 18, 1916, Mr. Geuss was married to Ethel Irene Douglas, born at Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, a daughter of Frederick A. and Florence Estelle (Holcomb) Douglas, mention of whom is made elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Geuss have no children. A strong republican, he has been active in politics, and for eighteen months was assistant city prosecutor and for six months was secretary to Mayor Oles of Youngstown. Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church of Youngstown holds his membership. Fraternally he belongs to the Masonic Order, the Knights of Pythias, and to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has passed all the chairs in the latter. KENNETH EARL SHAWERER, M. D. A World war veteran with a record of service as a medical officer overseas, Doctor Shaweker since the war has practiced medicine and surgery in Dover. He is a son of Doctor Samuel Shaweker, a prominent physician of the same community, whose career is given in the following sketch. Kenneth Earl Shaweker was born on a farm near Baltic, in Tuscarawas County, March 22, 1888, and as a boy lived in Shanesville and Dover, attending the common schools of those localities. He first prepared for professional pharmacy in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, graduating in 1908. After two years as a drug .clerk he entere.d the New York University as a student of medicine, completing the prescribed course and graduating in 1914. For two years after his graduation Doctor Shaweker was employed as a special surgeon in Bellevue Hospital at New York City. For a brief time he was engaged in private practice at New Philadelphia, but soon after America entered the World war he volunteered for service, and was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Medical' Corps April 24, 1917. He was called to the colors June 15, 1917, at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis, was ordered to Camp Sherman in August, 1917, and on May 6, 1918, went overseas, sailing from Hoboken June 12. In France he was assigned to Camp Hospital No. 15 with the American Expedi- 286 - HISTORY OF OHIO tionary Forces, and was in that service until June 30, 1919. Ordered back to the United States, he arrived at New York July 11, and at Camp Sherman was discharged August 2, 1919, with the rank of Major in the Medical Reserve Corps, and is still a reserve officer subject to call. In December, 1917, he was promoted to the rank of captain and in France received promotion to the rank of major on February 17, 1919. Doctor Shaweker is an active member of the American Legion. For the past five years he has had an increasing practice of medicine and surgery at Dover, and is a member of the staff of Union Hospital. He belongs to the Tuscarawas County and Ohio State Medical societies, is a Knights Templar Mason and Shriner, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Lutheran Church. He married in 1917 Miss Mabel Louise Simms. They have three children: Margaret M., Mary Elizabeth and Kenneth Earl, Jr. MAX SHAWEKER, M. D. A. physician and surgeon, pathologist and director of a private clinical laboratory at Dover, Dr. Max Shaweker comes of a family of physicians, being a son of Dr. Samuel Shaweker, one of the senior members of the medical profession of Tuscarawas County, whose career is given in the preceding sketch. Dr. Max Shaweker was a lieutenant in the Naval Medical Corps during the World war, making a brilliant record. He was born at Baltic, Tuscarawas County, September 6, 1889, was educated in the public schools at Shanesville and Dover, and graduated in pharmacy from Ohio Northern University at Ada in 1910. In the fall of the same year he entered the Medical School \of Northwestern University at Chicago, and was awarded his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1914. For about three years Doctor Shaweker was in Cincinnati, and was successively in turn house surgeon and receiving physician in the general hospital of that city. During 1917 he engaged in private practice for a few months at Dover, until he entered service with the United States Navy. He was commissioned a lieutenant, junior grade, in the Naval Medical Corps, and subsequently was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the Regular Navy. For nineteen months he served as pathologist in the naval hospital at Brooklyn, and was then on duty on the United States steamship Connecticut and later on the hospital ship Mercy. He was discharged as a reserve in the United States Naval Reserve Corps, Class 1, January 16, 1920. Soon afterwards he resumed private practice at Dover. In connection with his work as a physician and surgeon he conducts the laboratory for clinical service, and has made it an indispensable adjunct to the medical fraternity of his city and the entire county. He is connected with Union Hospital, is secretary of the County Medical Society, and a member of the Ohio State and American Medical associations. Doctor Shaweker is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias, belongs to the Sigma Chi literary fraternity and the Alpha Kappa Kappa medical fraternity. He is a member of the Moravian Church. Doctor Shaweker married in 1920 Miss Mary Kathryn Keplinger, of New Philadelphia. They have one daughter, Mary Jane. STEPHEN A. SAUL. The earliest of occupations, farming, has continued to be down through the ages the basic industry of every country, and the farmer is today, as he has always been, a most important factor in the life of his community. The fertile fields of Ohio have long yielded magnificent harvests to those who have tilled them intelligently, and as a class the agriculturists of this commonwealth rank among the most progressive and successful in the country. One of them of Seneca County deserving of special notice is Stephen A. Saul, proprietor of Silver Valley Farm, a valuable property comprising 240 acres of land in Bloom Township, two miles southwest of Bloomville, whose successful operations have won him high standing in his neighborhood, as well as material profit. Stephen A. Saul was born in the vicinity of his present farm, November 6, 1860, a son of Edward and Lavina (Kagy) Saul, the latter of whom was born on the present farm of Stephen A. Saul in 1832, and on it her entire life was spent, and the former was born in Eden Township, Seneca County, and both had common school educations. After they were married they located on their farm, and his death occurred at the age of forty-seven years. Both early united with the Baptist Church. A strong democrat, he was active in local affairs, and was a township official for many years. They had eight children, seven of whom survive : R. M., who is a farmer of Crawford County, Ohio ; John K., who is a farmer of Howard County, Indiana; Stephen A., whose name heads this review ; Martha, who is the wife of Alexander Kingsee, of Indiana; Manah, who is the wife of Jacob Henry Weisenaner ; Elizabeth J., who is the -wife of Jacob J. Brady, of Seneca County ; and Hannah, who is the wife of William Smelser, of Howard County, Indiana. The third child, Isabelle, died unmarried after reaching maturity. After he had completed the courses in the district schools and those of Bloomville Stephen A. Saul taught school for a couple of years, and took a normal school course. However, he was reared on a farm, and his inclinations led him to adopt farming as his life work, and he has been eminently successful in everything he has undertaken. He is a breeder of milk shorthorn cattle, and C type Merino registered sheep. In addition to his farming Mr. Saul is interested in several local enterprises and is a director of the Exchange Bank at Bloomville. A Presbyterian in religious faith, he is serving the church of that denomination at Ballast as deacon. In polities he is an independent voter. On October 9, 1883, Mr. Saul married Miss Susie M. Weisenaner, a daughter of John and Mary (Quinner) Weisenaner. The father was born in Bavaria, Germany, and when he was fourteen years old he came to the United States. He located in Crawford County, Ohio, where he worked at the shoemaking trade, and later established a shop at Lykens, Crawford County, where he continued to live until he bought a farm. His wife was born in Crawford County. They had ten children, of whom seven are living. Mrs. Saul was reared at Lykens, and attended the district schools. After they were married Mr. and Mrs. Saul lived for five years on a farm in Bloom Township, Seneca County, and then went to Howard County, Indiana, where he bought a farm, and they continued to live on it for five years, and then moved to the Silver Valley Farm, their present home. Their children are as follows: Mabel L., who was educated at the Ohio State Normal School at Ada, Ohio, taught school prior to her marriage to Corbin Dove, but is now deceased, having borne her husband two children, Leonard and Martha A.; J. 0., who was graduated from the Ohio State Normal School at Ada, was formerly a school teacher, but is now a farmer and stockraiser; Allen John, who graduated from the high school course, is a carpenter of Findlay, Ohio ; Mary L., who is the wife of Hoy P. Sherwood, a farmer of HISTORY OF OHIO - 287 Delaware County, Ohio; Arthur L., who graduated from the high school course, is a farmer of Bloom Township; Florence E., who is unmarried, lives at Tiffin, Ohio; Cora M., who is unmarried, lives at home; Esther R., who is a trained nurse of considerable experience; Charles S., who graduated from the high school course, is a student at the Tiffin, Ohio, Business University ; and Bernice M., who is the youngest of the family. Mr. and Mrs. Saul have every reason to be proud of their children, for they are fine young people, and they have reared them to be a credit to them and to their home community, and all of them are doing well. GEORGE ROLLAND. Well-directed industry, commendable thrift and capable management have coined to achieve for George Rolland individual success and the respect of his fellow-citizens in Eden ownship. Mr. Rolland,s life has been devoted to e pursuits of farming and stock raising, and at esent he is engaged in cultivating a well-improved farm of 160 acres lying not far from the City of Tiffin, a property which has been acquired through the medium of his own efforts. Mr. Rolland was born in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, March 26, 1861, and is a son of Michael and Amanda (Mills) Rolland. His father, a native of Germany, immigrated to the United States in 1850, when twenty-three years of age, and, locating in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, secured employment in the coal mines. He was economical and industrious, and soon had saved sufficient funds to make the first payment on a farm, of which he eventually became the owner, and on which he passed the remainder of his life. He was a democrat in politics and an active church member of the Methodist Episcopal faith. Mrs. Rolland, also a member of that church, was born in Schuylkill County, in 1838. They were the parents of twelve children, of whom three survive: George, of this review, Frank, who is carrying on operations on the old home place in Pennsylvania ; and Thomas, who has a position as fireman in a coal mine in Pennsylvania. George Rolland received only the advantages of a somewhat limited district school education, for much of his boyhood was spent in hard work on the home farm, where he remained until he was sixteen years of age, shortly after which he left home and came to Ohio. Here he secured employment on the farm of Thomas Leinhard, of Crawford County, at $110 per year, and remained with him for something more than four years. On his twenty-first birthday, March 26, 1882, he came to Seneca County, and took a position as farm hand at $123 per year, working for one employer for eleven years. During this time he saved every dollar that he made and sent it home to his parents for safe-keeping. After this he was employed on another farm for one year, and for six years on still another property, located in Bloom Township. At this time, with what he had saved, he felt ready to assume the responsibilities of a family, and March 29, 1899, was united in marriage with Miss Nettie Kline, who was born in Eden Township, July 22, 1860, and was reared on a farm adjoining that which she and her husband now occupy. She is a daughter of Isaiah Kline, who was born January 7, 1824. Her mother was born in Ireland, June 13, 1833. She came to the United States in 1844 and located in Crawford County, Ohio, where she met Mr. Kline, their marriage taking 1855. The had a family of five children, of whom two are living: Eliza, the wife of Ralph Hamlin, of Wyandotte County, Ohio; and Nettie. Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Rolland rented a farm for one year and then another property for two years, and finally bought eighty acres of their present property, to which was added twenty acres which Mrs. Rolland received as an inheritance, and sixty acres which Mr. Rolland secured later by purchase, this making the property 160 acres in extent. Mr. Rolland has improved his farm with substantial and attractive buildings, and carries on his operations according to the most modern and highly approved methods. He is a democrat in his political allegiance, and has served his township in the capacity of trustee. As a fraternalist he belongs to the Junior Order United American Mechanics and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has held office. He and Mrs. Rolland are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Two children have been born to them, of whom one died at birth, the other being Fannie K., born July 29, 1901. She is a graduate of the high school at Melmore and of Heidelberg University, and is now a teacher of mathematics in the Lykens Consolidated High School in Crawford County, this state. PAUL F. MEEHAN. In the group of younger business men who represent the vital commercial interests and the civic progress of Ironton, Paul F. Meehan, manager of the Ironton Water Works, holds a conspicuous place. He is a son of Patrick Meehan, well known both at Ironton and also in the great Youngstown manufacturing district of Ohio. Patrick Meehan came from England when he was twelve years of age, his parents settling in Pennsylvania, where he was reared and educated. He acquired his early knowledge of the iron and steel business in Pennsylvania. In 1897 he and other members of his family organized the Meehan Boiler Company at Lowellville in the Youngstown district, and subsequently changed the name to the Meehan Boiler & Construction Company, the activities of the concern being broadened to include not only the manufacture of boilers but steel construction of all kinds. This has since been one of the leading plants of that industrial center. From Lowellville Patrick Meehan extended his interests to Ironton, and founded and is owner of the Ironton Boiler Works. He is a very able business man, and also a generous and public spirited citizen, an active member of the Catholic Church and the knights of Columbus. He married Mary E. Carr, a native of Pennsylvania. They had a family of eight children: Florence, a member of the Humility of Mary Sisters and connected with the Youngstown Hospital; Marie, wife of William Green, of Woodlawn, Pennsylvania, and the mother of one daughter, Mary Francis; Ruth and Josephine, both at home; James Leo, who lives at Ashland, Kentucky, and by his marriage to Josephine McMahon has four children, named Mary, James, Dorothy and Richard; Patrick ; Paul F.; and Joseph. Paul F. Meehan was born at New Castle, Pennsylvania, in October, 1894, and was reared in Lowellville, where he graduated from high school in 1912. During the following two years he was a draftsman in the engineering department of the Briar Hill Steel Company at Youngstown, and then became associated with his father as manager of the Ironton Boiler Works, of which his father is owner. Mr. Meehan left his business duties at Ironton in 1918 to enlist, and was assigned to the Engineering Efficiency Department at the navy yard at Norfolk, Virginia. He remained there until after the armistice, when he returned to Ironton to resume his work. Like his father he takes a deep interest in all matters of public concern though neither of them has sought public office. Both have acted as strong influences for clean politics, and for high ideals in commerical life. Paul F. Meehan is a member of the 288 - HISTORY OF OHIO Catholic Church, the Chamber of Commerce, the Knights of Columbus, the Rotary Club, the Ancient Order of Hibernians, and belongs to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. In September, 1917, at Ironton, he married Miss Lillian M. Miller, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Klein) Miller. Her parents are natives of Ohio, and her father is an ice and ice cream manufacturer. Mr. and Mrs. Meehan have one son, Paul F., Jr. JOSEPH T. TRACY. For the responsibilities of the officer of the auditor of the State of Ohio Joseph T. Tracy had training and experience bringing exceptional qualifications for one of the most important offices in the state government. Mr. Tracy represents an old and prominent family of Southern Ohio. However, he was born at Mount Pleasant, Iowa, December 28, 1865, son of Noah and Nancy Ann Freeman Tracy. Soon after his birth his parents returned to their old home in Scioto County, Ohio, where his mother died in 1867. Noah Tracy subsequently married a second wife, and again went out to Iowa. In 1876 he returned to Ohio, and died in Columbus at the venerable age of eighty-nine. The Tracy family was founded in Ohio in 1817 by Dr. Jonathan Tracy, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, who came from New York State. He married Elizabeth Westbrook, whose father was one of the pioneer settlers of Adams County, Ohio, and became one of the founders of Moore,s Chapel on Blue Creek, said to be the first Methodist Episcopal Church west of the Alleghanies. Dr. Jonathan Tracy died in 1888, at the venerable age of ninety-two, and his widow reached the same age. Joseph T. Tracy was reared on a farm; attended country schools in Scioto County, also the normal at West Union, and spent several years as a teacher, teaching five years and serving as county school examiner as well. He left school work to become deputy clerk of courts of Scioto County, studying law while in that office. He was county auditor of Scioto County from 1893 to 1899, a period of two terms. The official experience of most value to him in preparation for his duties as auditor of state began with his appointment in 1902 as one of the three supervisors of the Bureau of Inspection and Supervision of Public Offices. He was the municipal supervisor of said Bureau from 1902 to 1916. As such supervisor he installed uniform accounts in the seventy cities of Ohio, and also formulated uniform reports for said cities. He was especially influential in determining the policies of the Bureau, which policies have continued effective for twenty-two years without invoking any partisan criticism, and secured to the Bureau the confidence of the people and of the public officials to a remarkable degree. This has resulted in a great improvement in the public service and of a large saving to the taxpayers. As auditor of state Mr. Tracy supervises all expenditures from the State Treasury. An important feature of his work includes the supervision and inspection of road construction through two traveling engineers who call upon contractors engaged in state highway construction to see that the contract and specifications are being faithfully complied with, which work has aided materially in securing our splendid system of state highways. He has insisted that the state be given as low prices on all commodities purchased- as are given to the most favored customers by those selling to the state. Mr. Tracy was one of the republicans chosen on the state ticket of 1920, being elected for a four years, term. He is head of one of the large offices in the State Capitol, there being 140 employes under him. Mr. Tracy married Miss Alnore Arnold, who had been a teacher in Scioto County. She died January 9, 1921, the day preceding the inauguration of Mr. Tracy as auditor of state. He has five children: Stanley B., office manager of the Ritter Lumber Company in New York City, who had a record of service with the Aviation Corps during the World war; Helen W., a high school teacher at Van Wert, Ohio; Christine L., wife of George R. Jamieson, Jr., of Dayton; and Juliet G. and Roger W. The two younger children are juniors in Ohio State University, and the three older children are all graduates of the State University. Mr. Tracy and family are members of King Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church of Columbus, Ohio. He is affiliated with the Masonic and Knights of Pythias Orders. MILTON C. REED, of Crestline, Crawford County, for several years held the responsible position of district chief of the toll-wire system of the Ohio Bell Telephone Company, his experience in connection with the practical details of the telephone business having been initiated when he was a mere boy and his advancement having been won through ability and effective service. Mr. Reed was born in the City of Piqua, Miami County, Ohio, July 10, 1874, and in the same county were born his parents, James M. and Catherine I. (Whiteman) Reed. James M. Reed was reared on the homestead farm of his father, and continued his association with its activities until he had attained to the age of twenty-one years. After his marriage he established his residence in the City of Piqua, where he became a successful contractor in brick-masonry enterprise, and where he continued to maintain his home until his death, his widow- being still a resident of that city. Mr. Reed was a staunch supporter of the cause of the republican party, was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he passed the various official chairs, including that of noble grand, and he was an active communicant of the Protestant Episcopal Church, as is also his widow. Of the fine family of thirteen children nine still survive the father, the subject of this review having been the fourth in order of birth. In the public schools of his native city Milton C. Reed continued his studies until he had profited by the advantages of the high school, and at the age of seventeen years he learned the trade of telegraphy, he having been employed some time as a Western Union operator at Lima, Ohio. He soon became associated with the telephone business, in which, as before stated, he had gained initial experience while he was still a boy. From September 6, 1906, to January 12, 1909, he was in the employ of the Bell Telephone Company at Cuyahoga Falls, and he was then transferred to Crestline and made district manager of the Ohio State Telephone Company, his office being that of district toll-wire Chief of the Ohio Bell Telephone Company. In June, 1924, Mr. Reed withdrew from the Telephone Company and entered the restaurant business, becoming a member of the firm of Frye Brothers & Reed. The personal popularity and civic loyalty of Mr. Reed were clearly indicated in his election to the office of mayor of Crestline in 1921, by a majority of five to one over the democratic candidate, and his administration as chief executive .of the municipal government has been signally liberal and progressive. He is a stalwart in the local camp of the republican party, is a valued member of the local Chamber of Commerce and the Kiwanis Club, holds membership in the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and in the Masonic fraternity he is affiliated with Arcana Lodge No. 272, Free and Accepted Masons, and Crestline Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, in his home city, while at Mans- HISTORY OF OHIO - 289 field he holds membership in the Council of Royal and Select Masters and the Commandery of Knights Templar, besides which at Crestline both he and his wife are members of Harmony Chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star. He was reared in the faith of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and is a communicant of the same. At Lima, Ohio, on the 16th of October, 1897, Mr. Reed wedded Miss Geraldine B. Neff, and she passed to the life eternal on the 10th of February, 1907. The two surviving children of this union are Milton Neff Reed, who was born in August, 1899, and who is now in the employ of the Big Four Railroad Company, he having served in the United States Navy in the World war and having made four trips across the Atlantic in the navy transport service ; and Martha C. is the wife of Austin Robinson, of Crest-line. The second marriage of Mr. Reed was with Miss Launa G. Fidler, and they have two children, Geraldine Mary and James F. ROLLA M. MYERS. A stranger traveling through the counties of Williams, Fulton, Stark, Crawford and Seneca, Ohio, notices at once the substantial condition of many of the roads and streets of this section, and unfailing evidence of prosperity and good management, and for this county virtue much credit must be given to Rolla M. Myers, of Attica, an extensive contractor along this line. Since 1910, when he embarked in business, he has constructed many miles of highway in the localities mentioned, and in addition is known as a successful inventor. Mr. Myers was born at Attica, Seneca County, Ohio, January 14, 1889, and is a son of J. E. and Anna (Lepard) Myers, the former a native of Attica and the latter of Seneca County. The only child of his parents, he was reared at Attica, where he acquired his educational training in the grade and high schools, and after his graduation from the latter entered upon his career as a teacher in the local schools. After two terms he decided that the role of educator was not one for him to assume, and made a fresh start, this time as a road contractor and builder. Since then his services have been constantly in demand and his business has increased by leaps and bounds until now he employs a large force of mechanics and has contracts that call him many miles from his headquarters. In connection with his work Mr. Myers is the inventor and patentee of a very clever device known as the Burch Stone Spreader, which is manufactured by the Burch Plow Works at Crestline, Ohio. Mr. Myers is the owner of 120 acres of valuable land located southwest of Attica, in Venice Township, and is greatly interested in everything pertaining to agriculture, its development and progress. He is an enthusiastic member of the Grange, and was formerly secretary of the Farmers Bureau. In politics he upholds the principles and supports the candidates of, the republican party. His strength as a citizen is based not only on his success as an honorable business man, but on his personal popularity, the latter having been enhanced by his connection with several fraternities, he being a member of Attica Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and Venice Lodge No. 197, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Public measures which promise to be beneficial to the community have his unqualified support. Mr. Myers is not connected with any religious organization. In 1913 Mr. Myers was united in marriage with Miss Nina Eckert, who was born in Seneca County and educated in the district schools. She is a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. FREDERICK EBERSBACH for many years has been one of the most prominent family names in the industrial affairs of Meigs County. As a family they have developed and owned extensive coal mines in this section; have been manufacturers and contractors and have enjoyed and exercised a worthy influence in the affair's of the community. The enterprising head of the family was the late Martin Ebersbach, who was born in Germany, and was brought to the United States when eight or nine years of age by his parents, Jacob and Katherine Ebersbach. Jacob Ebersbach was a coal miner, and worked in mines operated by the Pomeroy Coal Company. He died about 1860, when sixty years of age. Martin had a brief schooling in Germany, and as a boy he worked along by the side of his father in the coal mines. Subsequently he came into possession of the Wildermuth farm near Chester, Ohio, a property that had been owned by his wife ,s family. Selling this farm, he and a partner opened a retail mine in town, and that was the first of the many coal properties owned and operated by the Ebersbach family. The remarkable success of this group of people has largely been due to the faculty for cooperation and strenuous industry on the part of all members of the family. Martin Ebersbach later leased the old Peacock Mine, which had formerly been one of the Pomeroy Coal Company ,s mines. In 1886 the family bought the Peacock equipment, and then the lease to the Charter Oak Mine, which was retained in the family until June, 1920. In the meantime they had bought 6,400 acres of coal land in Meigs County, and in 1911 began developing mines on this property, many of them under the management of the Peacock Coal Company. These mines were in production prior to and during the World war, including the Forrest Run, the Dark Hollow and Racuse mines, the last being located above Syracuse. These mining properties of the Ebersbach family were sold in June, 1920, to the Great Lakes Coal Company. Martin Ebersbach died at Pomeroy June 24, 1919, when eighty-two years of age, one of the highly respected men of the community. He married Sophia Wildermuth, also a native of Germany, and brought to this country as a child. She died in 1897, at the age of fifty-seven. They had a large family of children, including seven sons, Frederick Ebersbach being the oldest son. George is with the Ebersbach Construction Company, having charge of heavy construction in Ohio and West Virginia, and resides at Pomeroy. William is also with the construction company of the family and is a mine superintendent. Charles is the active manager of the construction company, and was formerly manager of the Pomeroy Machine Company. Albert is associated with the construction company. Edward has charge of the Red Anchor Department Store, which is another enterprise of the family. Theodore, a resident of both Pomeroy and Columbus, is associated with the management of the construction company. The daughter, Catherine, is the wife of Albert N. Shafer, who was connected with the salt manufacturing activities of the family. Sophia is the wife of Leonard Fisher, who was connected with the mining interests. Helen married A. W. Keihus, of Columbus, who was formerly sales manager of the Peacock Coal Company. Frederick and Charles Ebersbach among other activities bought and enlarged the Pomeroy Machine Company, making a large and flourishing industry of this. Frederick was president of the company. This property has been sold to the Parkersburg Rig and Reel Company. The active manager of the Pomeroy Machine Company was Charles Ebersbach. The family also extended their interests to the organization of a transportation company, operating boats for the transport of coal and salt on the Kanawha and Ohio rivers to Cincinnati, Louisville 290 - HISTORY OF OHIO and other points. They were interested in the tow boats Gus Genin, Convoy and Eagle. Frederick Ebersbach, oldest son of the late Martin Ebersbach, was born in Pomeroy, November 3, 1859, and was secretary-treasurer of the Pomeroy Dock Company, president of the Neil House Company of Columbus, and is identified with all the interests of the family. His first individual enterprise was the purchase in 1888 of the Pomeroy Salt Company, which afterwards was sold at a handsome profit. Mr. Ebersbach left school at the age of thirteen, spending a year in a store, and then resuming his schooling for another year. He kept books for his father in the retail coal business, and thenceforth was actively associated, with his father ,s business affairs. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church and a teacher in Sunday School. In politics he votes as a republican. On November 20, 1884, Mr. Frederick Ebersbach married Amelia Hobt, daughter of Fridolin and Susan Hobt, of Pomeroy. She died July 3, 1923, as the result of an automobile accident. Mr. and Mrs. Ebersbach had three children: Walter F., a mining engineer by profession, is with the United States Gypsum Company at Fort Dodge, Iowa ; Raymond, now a member of the firm of Brooks & Ebersbach Motor Company, Ford car agents at Middle-port, was pursuing a business course in the Mountain State Business College at Parkersburg, West Virginia, when America entered the World war, and he enlisted and had two years of service in the navy, becoming chief pharmacist ,s mate on the General Von Steuben, one of the German vessels taken over by the United States when the war commenced. The third child, Louise, is a graduate of Ohio University, and took her Bachelor of Arts degree in Goucher College at Baltimore, and has since pursued special work in Columbia University. She was a secretary of the Young Women,s Christian Association at Pittsburgh until July, 1923, and now is a teacher in the Pomeroy High School. OHIO FARMERS INSURANCE COMPANY. The Ohio Farmers Insurance Company, one of the largest genral insurance companies conducted on the mutual plan in the country, has an interesting history of growth and development covering a period of three-qnarters of a century. The home of the company is LeRoy, in Medina County, and that town is one of the few places of its size in the country that is practically controlled by its central business institutions. The Ohio Farmers Insurance Company was founded in 1848. Its first president was Jonathan 0. Simmons, who held that office until 1851, when he was succeeded by Calvin Chapin. From 1870 until his death in 1912 the office of president was held by James C. Johnson, who was reelected annually for forty-three consecutive years. He died at the venerable age of ninety-three. The president since 1912 has been Frank H. Hawley who. it is interesting to note. represents the third consecutive generation of his family in the official affairs of this company. The original charter members of the company were Jonathan 0. Simmons, Henry Chapin, Amos Sheldon, Luther King, Asa Farnum. Isaac ,Tones, -B. D. Austin, George Collier, Earl Moulton. Isaiah Phillips, Timothy Burr, Isaac Rogers and John B. Chase. The secretary of the company from 1848 to 1851 was B. D. Austin. and his successor was L. D. Ellis. In 1858 Amos G. Hawley became secretary. He resigned this office in 1866 and was succeeded by his son, Amos H. Hawley, who wa s secretary twenty-four consecutive years until his death in 1890. He was succeeded by O. S. Wells, who served until his death in 1900, and his successor was M. L. Benham, who in turn was succeeded by W. E. Haines, the present secretary, in 1909. The office of vice president was created in 1919, the incumbent of that position being John W. Crooks. At the time of the organization of the insurance company LeRoy was an inland village of Medina County. For several years the company handled only farm risk insurance, and gradually other forms of risks were added until the company took up all lines of general insurance. The organization has had a marvelous growth and prosperity, so that its business now extends from New England to the Pacific Coast and ranks among the foremost general insurance companies of America. Its volume of business in the State of Ohio in farm insurance outranks that of any other company, and in general lines of insurance this company has alternated in the lead with other companies. Though a mutual company, its rates of insurance are on a fixed cash basis. There has never been a time in the history of the company when its office building and equipment represented a sum in advance of the actual solid worth of the organization. The first office was in an L addition to a store building on the present office site. Later a one-story building was erected for the office, succeeded a few years later by a two-story modern office building, with living rooms on the second floor for the secretary ,s family. A still more modern office was erected in 1881, and it served in an increasingly limited manner the needs of the company until 1918. The office building was then remodeled, and an addition made in a printing plant, which supplies all the printed literature of the company. LeRoy, as noted above, is virtually the product of the Ohio Farmers Insurance Company. It is one of the most attractive country villages in Ohio. Practically all the people living there are connected in some way with the company. Westfield Inn provides excellent accommodations for employes and travelers, and there is a splendid modern school, church building, paved streets with electric lights, water system and many beautiful homes. Until recent years the secretary of the company was also the active administrative and executive head of the business. It is the impressive record of the Hawley family that representatives of three generations have been so closely and vitally identified with the growth of the company. Though the officers are elected annually, the grandfather, father and son have controlled the destinies of the company almost continually since 1858. Frank H. Hawley, now president of the company, was born May 24, 1869, on the second floor of the company ,s office building at LeRoy. As noted above, this second floor was designed as the home of the secretary. His parents were Amos H. and Sarah E. (Phillips) Hawley. His great-grandfather, Dr. Gideon Hawley, was .a native of. Vermont, and was a pioneer settler in Ohio. Amos G. Hawley, his son, was born in Ohio, August 18, 1814, and in 1849 settled at Seville in Medina County, and in 1857 moved to Westfield. and the following year became secretary of the Ohio Farmers Insurance Company. He married Helen M. Brown. who was born in New Hampshire. Amos H. Hawley, who succeeded his father as secretary of the company. was born in Franklin County, Ohio, December 14, 1840. He began his duties as secretary of the company when he was twenty-six years of age, and served continuously until his death twenty-four years later, in September, 1890. He was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was a prominent Mason, identified with the various Scottish Rite bodies. In 1867 Amos H. Hawley married Sarah E. Phillips, who was born in Medina County, February 13, 1848. HISTORY OF OHIO - 291 She died in 1908, the mother of three children: Frank H., Emma N., wife of R. T. Turner, and Robert A. Frank H. Hawley was reared in LeRoy, attended the high school there, a Military Academy in Cleveland, and for two years was a student at Williams College in Massachusetts. He left college in 1890 on account of his father ,s death, and at once became a clerk in the company ,s office. In 1896 he was elected treasurer, and in 1912 he came to the office of president. Mr. Hawley is a member of the Methodist Church, is affiliated with Seville Lodge No. 3, Free and Accepted Masons, and Medina Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. In June, 1897, he married Miss Grace Corner, of Malta, Ohio, daughter of George S. and Elizabeth (Gillispie) Corner. Three children were born to their marriage, and the two now living are : Robert Blake and Marjorie A. H. B. WATKINS is general manager of the Kilgore Manufacturing Company, an important and prosperous manufacturing industry located at Westerville, in Franklin County. This business was established at Homestead, Pennsylvania, in 1912, and in 1919, largely on the responsibility of the president of the company, Mr. W. L. Payne, of Columbus, it was removed to Westerville, where it has the facilities of an extensive modern plant. The output of the company is toy pistols, and these products are sold to jobbers and reach the retail trade throughout the United States and in foreign countries. The plant covers about an acre of floor space, and there are from 100 to 200 persons employed in the business. Mr. Watkins, the general manager, was born in New York State, and as a young man went out to Colorado and became identified with lumber manufacture in that state. When the World war came on he enlisted, and went to France with troops from Colorado. Soon after his return to this country he accepted his present post as general manager of the Kilgore Manufacturing Company, and the success of the business speaks highly of his administrative ability. PAUL C. MATTHEW. One of the large industrial establishments of the City of Bucyrus is the Carroll Foundry & Machine Tool Company, a business built up by the late John C. Carroll. Since the death of Mr. Carroll the president of the corporation has been W. E. Matthew, while H. D. Jones is vice president; Paul C. Matthew, secretary, and other directors are Robert S. Carroll, Charles Gallinger, Alonzo Snyder and Charles Michael. The secretary and treasurer of the company, Paul C. Matthew, was born in Bucyrus, April 10, 1897, and is a son of W. E. and Elizabeth (Laux) Matthew. His father was born in Bucyrus, July 8, 1869, was reared and educated there, and has been closely identified with the machine and foundry industry at Bucyrns and Cleveland for a number of years. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church. W. E. Matthew is an Elk and a democrat. His family consisted of three children: Miss •Helen, a graduate of a finishing school in Cleveland; Miss Janet, a graduate of Smith College of Northampton, Massachusetts; and Paul C. Paul C. Matthew graduated from the University School at Cleveland, and finished his education in the Penn State College. On leaving school he became associated with his father in the foundry. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and is an Elk. BENJAMIN F. JAMES, of Bowling Green, is a scholarly, polished lawyer, has practiced law in Wood County for over thirty-five years, and has been active likewise in civic and other interests. He has served in the Legislature, and assisted in the organization of many banks in his section of the state. Mr. James was born at Mount Gilead, Morrow. County, Ohio, April 30, 1863, and is of Welsh and English ancestry. His paternal grandparents, Edmund and Esther (Griffith) James, were born in South Wales, and on .coming to the United States about 1795 located in Cambria County, Pennsylvania. From there they moved to "The Welsh Hills" in the vicinity of Granville, Ohio, and subsequently to Chesterville, in what is now Morrow County. Edmund James was a farmer and lived all his life in the Chesterville community. William D. James, father of the Bowling Green attorney, was born December 22, 1815, and died in his sixtieth year, May 13, 1875. His active life was devoted to farming and stock dealing, and he was a man of force in civic affairs and in politics, being an abolitionist, a whig and later a republican. His wife, Sarah Meredith, was born in Knox (now Morrow) County, July 30, 1818, daughter of William and Mary (Farmer) Meredith, pioneers of Knox County. Sarah James died September 24, 1894. The youngest in the family of ten children, Benjamin F. James divided his youthful days between his home, the common schools and the Chesterville High School, and for his higher education he attended successively Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Denison University at Granville and the old Chicago University, where he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1884. For a time he was professor of classics in Bardstown College in Kentucky and in Burlington College in Iowa. He then enrolled as a post-graduate and law student in Yale University, where he was graduated with the Bachelor of Laws degree on June 28, 1887. Mr. James was admitted to the Ohio bar in October, 1887, and admitted to practice in the Federal Courts in 1890 and in the United States Supreme Court in 1906. He has been successful in a very diversified general law practice. He has acted as counsel for defense in a number of noted murder and other criminal cases, and has represented the interests of a number of business corporations. He served as a member of the Ohio General Assembly from 1891 to 1895. While in the Legislature he secured the enactment of the law authorizing a new courthouse in Wood County. The public service that brought him some unusually interesting experience was that involved in his appointment as attorney in March, 1905, for the Spanish Treaty Claims Commission, a commission that adjusted matters growing out of the treaty with Spain following the close of the Spanish-American war. Mr. James spent two seasons in Cuba in connection with these official duties and also visited Spain. He resigned in 1907 to resume his law practice at Bowling Green and Toledo. His home in Bowling Green is known as "Mon Cambria," one of the restful, spacious homes of the last century, located on the highest point in that section of Ohio. The residence itself is surrounded by several acres of ground, wonderfully landscaped and containing many native forest trees. Mr. and Mrs. James have brought into this home many beautiful objects of art, and it has one of the finest private libraries in the state. Mr. James is a member of the college fraternity Zeta Psi and the law fraternity Phi Delta Phi, having founded Waite Chapter while in Yale Law School. He is also a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. Mr. James married Miss Myrtle E. McElroy at Washington, District of Columbia, 'September 4, 1901. Her father, Joseph C. McElroy, served as a captain of the Eighteenth 292 - HISTORY OF OHIO Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was a member of the Ohio State Legislature, and from 1895 until his death in 1907 was postmaster of the House of Representatives in Washington. BEN WESTBROCK, proprietor of the Westbrock Funeral Home at Dayton, has been identified with the undertaking business in that city for over thirty-five years. A man thoroughly competent in all the technics of his profession, he has built his business on the basis of sympathetic service, and is the proprietor of one of the finest equipped funeral homes in the State of Ohio. He was born at Minster, Ohio, April. 11, 1868. He was reared and educated there, attending the public schools, and when sixteen years of age began learning the business of cabinet maker and undertaker at Minster. Three years later, at the age of nineteen, he came to Dayton, and in 1887 went to work for Dayton,s best known undertaker, Peter Meyers. He was in the service of Mr. Meyers for five years, resigning to open a business of his own at the corner of what was then Wayne and Pearl streets, now Wayne and Haymarket streets. In that two-story brick building his business remained and prospered for ten years, and in 1902 he bought out the old establishment of his former employer, Peter Meyers, and this, the second home of the Westbrock Funeral Service, was occupied from 1902 to 1923, a period of twenty-one years. In the early summer of 1923 Mr. Westbrock occupied one of the beautiful old residences of Dayton, at 1712 Wayne Avenue, known as "Among the Trees," a beautiful place with none of the conventional features of an undertaking parlor. It has retained all the appearances of a quiet home, and in its furnishings and arrangements provide a real sanctuary for participants in the funeral service. Associated with Mr. Westbrock in his business are his two sons, Ray J. and Norbert Henry. Ray, who was born in 1900, is a graduate of the Dayton High School and of the University of Dayton. Norbert Henry, born in 1902, likewise graduated from the Dayton High School and University. Another member of the staff of the Westbrock Funeral Home is Carl Miller, a graduate of high school at Hamliton, Ohio, where he was born and reared. He is a licensed embalmer, having been licensed at the first examination held in Cincinnati, in September, 1902, and has been associated with Mr. Westbrock for more than ten years. EVERT E. BUNN is a well known citizen and business man of Lawrence County, Ohio, and was born in Lawrence County, Kentucky. He has spent his active career in several states. He was born in Lawrence County, Kentucky, September 21, 1886, son of David C. and Nona (Davis) Bun; who are residents of West Virginia. The Bunn family came originally from North Carolina. His grandparents were David K. and Louisa Bunn. The Davis family is of old Virginia stock and of Welsh descent. The maternal grandfather, Alvin Davis, served two terms as a member of the State Legislature of West Virginia. David C. Bunn in early life was a brick mason, which trade he has followed up to the present time. He is the father of a family of eight children: Evert E., Alvin D., Effie M., Maggie, Bessie, Bertie, Lula and Ada. Evert E. Bunn spent his boyhood days in Huntington, West Virginia. He attended the grade schools there, and after securing a certificate taught for two years. He finished a business course in Marshall College at Huntington in 1906, and since then has been a business representative of the Singer Sewing Machine Company. He began as a salesman in Iron ton, Ohio, and in 1909 was made sales manager for the Ironton District. During the World war he was anxious to get into the active service, but was assigned to a class that was not called. On Jannary 1, 1922, he became chief of police of the City of Ironton, but in the summer of 1923 resigned to resume work with the Singer Company as sales manager for the Winston-Salem District in North Carolina. January 1, 1909, in Lawrence County, Ohio, Mr. Bunn married Miss Anna L. Payne, daughter of Uria and Celeste (Darling) Payne, natives of Ohio, and still living. Her father is now seventy-six and her mother seventy-four. Uria Payne was for twenty-eight years one of the active-members of the bar of Lawrence County, Ohio, and left that profession to become a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Bunn is the youngest of a family of eight children, the others being: William, a physician; Amos, a minister ; Louis, who is superintendent of an iron furnace for the Inland Steel Company at Indiana Harbor, Indiana; Oscar; James; Charles, probate judge of Lawrence County, Ohio; and Alpha. Mr. and Mrs. Bunn are the parents of six children, Mabel, Celeste, Jessie, Lucille, Charles Everett and Gladys. The family are Methodists. Mr. Bunn is a member of the United Commercial Travelers and is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. CLARE. C. GETTLES is one of the vital and progressive business men in the City of Chillicothe, Ross County, where he is vice president and general manager of the East End Sand & Gravel Company. Mr. Gettles was born in Madison County, Ohio, October 26, 1886, and is a son of Charles and Adeline (Gillilan) Gettles, who now reside at Frankfort, Ross County. Charles Gettles gave his attention to farm enterprise until his removal to Frankfort, where he is now living in large measure retired, though he finds much demand upon his attention in connection with the administration of estates. He and his wife are zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Frankfort, and he is not only serving on its Official Board but is also teacher of the Men,s Bible Class in its Sunday school. Of the four children the eldest is Harland, the family name of whose wife was Wallace, and they have two children, Harland, Jr., and Eleanor ; Clare C., of this sketch, and his twin brother Clyde, who is deceased, were the next in order of birth; and Hazel is the wife of Ernest Wood, their home now being at Emporia, Kansas. In the public schools of Frankfort Clare C.. Gettles continued his studies until his graduation from high school as a member of the class of 1905. Thereafter he took a two years, course in civil engineering at National Normal University, Lebanon, Ohio. During the ensuing four years, as a representative of the profession for which he had thus fitted himself, he was associated with location and construction work on the line of the Carolina, Clinch-field & Ohio Railroad, his service in this connection having been largely in the State of Virginia. He next formed an alliance with the firm of Jones Brothers, of Cincinnati, and was assigned to important work on the great Mesaba iron range in Minnesota, where he had charge of stripping iron-ore beds for the Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company. He gave one year to this service, and was then sent to Middletown, Ohio, where as representative of Jones Brothers, he had charge of the construction of the American Rolling Mills Plant. This work engaged his attention during a period of eighteen, months, and Mr. Gettles then became associated with the firm of Wiley Brothers, and took charge of the construc- HISTORY OF OHIO - 293 tion of the modern bridge on Paint Street, in the City of Chillicothe, Ohio, one and one-half years have been required to complete this work. He then became general superintendent of construction for the McArthur-Hangs Company in the building of a lock and dam on the Ohio River at Evansville, Indiana, where he thus maintained his headquarters five and one-half years. In the employ of the same company he then went to Charleston, South Carolina, where the McArthur-Hangs Company held the contract for the construction of Government docks and terminals, this being at the time of American participation in the World war, and in this important work Mr. Gettles was made superintendent of construction, under the official direction of Major Harvey, the Government representative. After the close of the war Major Harvey, as a representative of the war department of the Government, selected Mr. Gettles engineer to construct barracks for the department at Corazel, in the great canal zone, Panama, and later he was assigned to similar service in Porto Rico. Mr. Gettles returned to the United States in the autumn of 1919, and, in the interests of the Austin Company of Cleveland, took charge of the construction of the plant of the Chillicothe Paper Company. After giving his attention to the work for a period of six months he initiated independent operations as consulting engineer and as engineering contractor. In 1922 he organized the East End Sand & Gravel Company of Chillicothe, and he has since continued its vice president and general manager, this company having extensive beds of sand and gravel of the highest grade, the sand from the deposit having been found to contain 991/2 per cent of pure silicon. The business of this company is one of major importance in connection with construction work and general industrial advancement in the territory drawing upon its supplies, and the enterprise has become one of broad scope and most substantial order. In addition to his connection with the company Mr. Gettles continues in the work of his profession as a consulting and contracting engineer. He is a valued member of the Chillicothe Chamber of Commerce and the local Kiwanis Club. He is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and in their home City of Chillicothe he and his wife hold membership in Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church. October 30, 1912, recorded the marriage of Mr. Gettles and Miss Bessie Myrtle West, of Chillicothe, she being a daughter of William and Susan (Seney) West, the former of whom is deceased. The other two children -in the West family are: Anna, who is the wife of Charles Abernathy ; and Seney West, who married Miss Nellie Bader, their children being three in number, Katherine, Eleanor and William. Mr. and Mrs. Gettles have no children. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Gettles were Valentine and Mary (Canter) Gettles. Valentine Gettles was born in Germany, and was twelve years of age when he accompanied his parents to the United States, the family home having been established in Jackson County, Ohio. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Gettles were Strickland and Mary Ann (Clare) Gillilan, and the lineage of the Gillilan family traces back to staunch Scotch origin. MERLE FLENNER, M. D., a member of one of the old and representative families of Butler County, has for nearly twenty years practiced medicine and surgery at Hamilton, and in that time has achieved front rank in his profession. Doctor Flenner was born at Hamilton, in 1878, son of Granville M. and Anna (Rust) Flenner. The Flenner family has been in Butler County since pioneer times. His father was born in the same county, and for some years was a hardware merchant at Hamilton. In 1888 he moved to Peoria, Illinois, and was a resident and business man of that city over thirty years. His wife died there in December, 1918, and he subsequently returned to Hamilton. His six children were: Edith, John, Granville M Jr., Caroline, Merle and Neil. Merle Flenner was ten years of age when his parents moved to Peoria, Illinois, where he continued his public school education. After graduating from high school he entered the Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, and was graduated in 1903. For a year he was abroad, going to Paris at the time of the Paris exposition, and added much to his medical training by attending clinics at Paris and in other European clinics. Following his graduation from the Miami Medical College Doctor Flenner was for a year and a half an interne in the Cincinnati City Hospital. In January, 1905, he returned to his native City of Hamilton to engage in general practice, and in a short time had attained a volume of practice commensurate with his marked abilities. He has always been a student, and has attended clinics at the Mayo Brothers Hospital at Rochester and elsewhere. He is a member of the various medical societies, is a member of the Alpha Kappa Kappa College fraternity, a republican in politics and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Doctor Flenner married Miss Adrienne Nosler, daughter of George F. and Katherine Nosier. They have two children, Anna Katherine and George Granville. DELNO F. SHAFER. In professional and business circles as well as in the civic official life of Mansfield, one of the best known and most respected of its citizens is Delno Freeman Shafer. A native son of Richland County, he has passed his entire career within its borders and for the most part in Mansfield, where at the time of this writing he is manager of the Mansfield branch of the Ohio State Life Insurance Company. Mr. Shafer was born March 7, 1861, near Bellville, Richland County, Ohio, a son of John F. and Theresa (Weaver) Shafer. His father, John F. Shafer, was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, and when but six months old was brought by his parents, Frederick and Eve Shafer, to Richland County, Ohio, the family settling on the Clearfork branch of the Mohican River, three miles west of the Village of Bellville. John F. Shafer was reared to agricultural pursuits and became a prosperous farmer and a recognized leader in all movements for the betterment of his community. He was a staunch Lutheran Church man, a patron of education and a progressive citizen. He died at the age of sixty-four years on his Perry Township farm adjacent to the old homestead. His widow survived him to the age of eighty-one years. Both lie buried in the Bellville Cemetery. Delno F. Shafer was brought up on his father ,s farm, receiving his early educational training in the local district school and the Bellville High School. After teaching several years as principal of the Lucas, Ohio, public schools, he entered Heidelberg University, from which he was graduated in the classical course as a member of the class of 1888. The same year he was elected superintendent of the public schools at Bellville, resigning in 1890 to accept a principalship in the Mansfield public schools. Here for twenty-six more years he continued his work as an educator. For twenty-two years he was principal of the Hedges School, one of the largest in the city, a position which held when he gave up educational work in 1916. During this long period Mr. Shafer was active in all educational organiza- 294 - HISTORY OF OHIO tions. His influence was constantly exerted toward the advancement of the cause of public school education. He believed in thoroughness of primary education rather than in comprehensive elective systems which tended to a broad field of information at the expense of the development of mental power. While still in school work Mr. Shafer, in 1907, became connected with the Ohio State Life Insurance Company and founded the Mansfield agency of this company in the first year of its history. Since 1916 he has devoted his entire time and energy to this business, and has built up one of the most substantial and important agencies of this company in the state. He is the oldest field representative of his company in years of service, and enjoys the full confidence of the official management as well as that of the entire agency force of the company, by whom he is affectionately called "Dad Shafer." In his own city Mr. Shafer is highly respected as a citizen and as an effective force in all constructive efforts for community betterments. For six years he served as president of the City Council, a period distinguished as the greatest in the history of the municipality in the way of public improvements and industrial growth. He is a member of the Mansfield Chamber of Commerce and a vice president of the Optimist Club. Politically he is a democrat. Mr. Shafer is a descendant from a line of ancestry which has been consistently Lutheran from the time of the Reformation in Germany. Having positive convictions as to a man,s religious duties and obligations, it was but natural that he became a leader in his own church, the First Lutheran of Mansfield. In the year 1921 he was one of the laymen representatives of Ohio Lutherans to the first general synod of the United •Lutheran Church of America, held in Washington, District of Columbia. Mr. Shafer married in 1889 Miss Alice Virginia McCulley, daughter of John and Emily McCulley, of Lucas, Ohio. To them were born two sons: Paul McCulley Shafer, a graduate mechanical engineer of the Ohio State University, now a member of the firm of Swisher and Shafer, of Mansfield; and Dr. Charles Lee Shafer, a graduate from the Medical College of Western Reserve University, now resident physician in the Cleveland City Hospital. Recognizing as of inestimable value the advantages that have been his by reason of the training of Christian parents, Mr. Shafer also insists that whatever there is of worth or success in his life has been due to the inspiration, the helpfulness and the faithful companionship of his good wife, Alice. C. E. VAIL has developed a substantial and prosperous business as distributor of the Nash, Jordan and Marmon automobiles, and his large and well equipped display and sales establishment in the City of Mansfield is eligibly situated on North Mulberry Street. The success which has attended the activities of Mr. Vail since he founded this enterprise in 1919 stands in significant evidence of his ability as a salesman and executive, and in the territory tributary to Mansfield as a distributing center he had made a splendid record in the sale of the three popular lines of automobiles for which he here has the distributing agency. He is one of the prominent and popular figures in the motor industry at Mansfield, and is a citizen of utmost loyalty and progressiveness. Mr. Vail was born in Ashland County, Ohio, his paternal grandfather, Solomon Vail, having come from Pennsylvania and numbered himself among the pioneer settlers in Ashland County, where he reclaimed and developed a farm and where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. Their son, J. W., father of the subject of this sketch, was long numbered among the most progressive and successful exponents of farm industry in Ashland County, where he was born and reared, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Ella Bachelor. After years of well ordered and successfully productive activity as a farmer J. W. Vail now lives retired, and is an honored member of the home circle of his son C. E., at Mansfield, his wife being deceased. In the public schools of his native county C. E. Vail continued his studies until he had duly profited by the advantages of the high school at Loudonville, and after leaving school he continued in service as salesman in a retail shoe store until 1914, when he came from Loudonville to Mansfield and entered the employ of the Lean Manufacturing Company. In the following year he manifested his resourcefulness and ambition by establishing in this city an independent taxi cab line. This line he successfully operated until 1919, when he assumed the general agency at Mansfield for the Nash, Jordan and Marmon automobiles, for which he has since continued the successful and popular distributor in this district. Mr. Vail is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias, and is a member of the Exchange Club of Mansfield. His wife, whose maiden name was Maude M. Reynolds, was born and reared in Wayne Connty, this state. LEONIDAS E. WILLS, M. D. St. Waverly, the judicial center and metropolis of Pike County, the broad scope and representative character of the practice controlled by Doctor Wills indicate alike his professional ability and his high place in the confidence and esteem of the community. He has been numbered among the physicians and surgeons engaged in practice in this county since the year 1897, save for an interval of three years, his residence and headquarters during the first six years having been in the Village of Omega, from which place he then moved to Hot Sulphur Springs, Colorado, where he remained three years. He then returned to Ohio and resumed practice at Omega, but in November, 1915, he moved to the county seat, where he has since continued his loyal and effective ministration in his exacting profession. Dr. Leonidas Edmund Wills was born in Jackson County, Ohio, August 29, 1870, and is a son of John L. and Mary A. (Vaughters) Wills, the former of whom died in the autumn of 1895, the latter having passed away in the spring of that year. The names of their children are here entered in the respective order of their birth : Richard W., Dr. John W., James S., Alonzo G., Dr. Leonidas E., Thomas 0., Benjamin F., Mary, Florence and Verna 0. John L. Wills was one of Ohio,s gallant soldiers of the Union during virtually the entire period of the Civil war. He was a member of Company K., Ninety-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and he had the physical powers that enabled him to well withstand the arduous service of the various campaigns in which he took part. He served two years, ten months and fourteen days, participating in fourteen battles under Generals Crook and Sheridan. Mr. Robert S. McCoppin, father of Mrs. Wills, was also very active in the Civil war. He participated in twenty-six battles, including those of Chickamauga, Kenesaw Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Fayetteville, Savannah and Chattanooga, and he was thus with Sherman,s forces in the Atlanta campaign and in the subsequent and historic march from Atlanta to the sea. He was 6 feet and 2 inches in height, and in his prime weighed 240 pounds. Mr. Wills gave the major part of his active life to farm industry, and was one of the substantial and 295 - HISTORY OF OHIO honored citizens of Jackson County at the time of his death. He was actively affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic, and both he and his wife held membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church. John L. Wills, father of Doctor Wills, came into Gallia County, Ohio, December 26, 1831, he having been born in Virginia, as were also his parents, Woodson and Sarah Wills, who were natives of Monroe County of the Old Dominion State. John L. Wills and his wife, Mary A., continued to reside in Ohio until their death, John L. Wills passed away September 25, 1895, and Mary, his wife, April 25, 1895. The maternal grandparents of Doctor Wills were Richard and Nancy (Thompson) Vaughters, the Vaughters, family having sent in an early day a number of settlers into the beautiful Scioto Valley of Ohio, and various published histories of that section of the state give record concerning the worthy part there played by members of the Vaughters, family. Reared on the home farm and afforded the advantages of the district schools, Dr. Leonidas E. Wills advanced his education through the medium of a course in the National Normal School at Lebanon, Ohio, and thereafter he devoted three years to teaching in the district schools in Jackson and Ross counties. In preparation for his chosen profession he then entered the medical department of the Ohio Medical University, Columbus, Ohio, in which he completed the full prescribed course and was graduated as a member of the class of 1897. Upon thus receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine he engaged in general practice at Omega, Pike County, reference to his professional career since that time being given in the opening paragraph of this sketch. During the period of American participation in the World war Doctor Wills served on the Pike County Board of Examining Physicians in connection with the enlisting of soldiers and men for the navy, besides giving the full force of his influence and active service in furthering the success of all local patriotic movements and enterprises. He and his wife are prominent in connection with civic affairs in their home city and county. He is a prominent member of the Pike County Medical Society, besides being identified with the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is now local surgeon for the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad, which is controlled by Henry Ford, the great automobile manufacturer. In the Independent Order of Odd Fellows he is serving (1923) as deputy grand master for the Sixty-eight Ohio District. He and his wife are zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Waverly. Mrs. Wills, a woman of culture and gracious presence, is a loved and prominent figure in the social circles of her home community, and is influential in church work and civic affairs in general. She has much of leadership in popular sentiment and action in her home county, has passed various official chairs in the local chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star, and served as worthy matron for two terms, and takes deep interest in all that touches the welfare of the community, and is now president of the Waverly Literary Club and also of the Waverly Parent-Teachers, Association. On Christmas Day of the year 1900 was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Wills and Miss Georgia Elliott McCoppin, of Omega, this county. Mrs. Wills is a daughter of Robert S. and Sarah Jane (Washburn) McCoppin. Mr. McCoppin was station agent for the Norfolk & Western Railroad, he having there served also as township clerk and having been a justice of the peace for more than thirty years. He was a valiant soldier in the Civil war, as a member of Company I, Eighty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which he held the position of orderly sergeant. Mrs. Wills is the younger of the two children, and the older is Charles W. Doctor and Mrs. Wills have three children, Marion, Robert Lee and Richard Nelson. Miss Marion Wills, who was born within the period of her parents, residence at Hot Sulphur Springs, Colorado, was little more than an infant at the time of the return to Ohio, where she was reared to adult age and has received excellent educational advantages, she having won high honors in college work, at the present time being a junior at Ohio State University. Robert Lee Wills distinguished himself, at the age of twelve years, by winning highest honors in spelling contests at Wav- erly. It is scarcely necessary to state that Doctor Wills and his interesting family play a prominent part in the representative social life of Waverly. WILLIAM HORACE HOLVERSTOTT, president of the Citizens Building & Loan Association, and president of the Ninth District Ohio Building & Loan Association League, is one of the most aggressive financiers and sound business men of Marion, and a citizen of the highest standing whose influence in Marion County is wide-spread and permanent. He was born in Claridon Township, Marion County, Ohio, February 3, 1867,; a son of Lafayette J. and Frances (Painter) Holverstott, both of whom are now deceased. The Holverstott family was established in Marion County by the paternal grandfather, and the father was born within its confines. His death occurred in 1877, on his farm in Claridon Township. Growing to manhood in his native county, William H. Holverstott attended the local schools, and during a portion of two years was a student of Ada University. Purchasing a farm in the vicinity of Marion, he developed a splendid stock property known as Edgewood, and was engaged in feeding sheep and lambs for the market, but is now conducting a dairy farm with a magnificent herd of the Holstein strain. In 1916 Mr. Holverstott retired from active participation in agriculture and located at Marion and organized the Marion Tire & Rubber Company, manufacturers of tires and tubes, which he served as president. In 1919, he became president of the Citizens Building & Loan Association, and, selling in 1922 his interest in the Marion Tire & Rubber Company, during all of that year he devoted himself exclusively to the expansion of the association. The following extract from the semi-annual financial statement of this company, issued December 21, 1923, gives some idea of the results of his hard and effective work in its behalf : "Another prosperous year has been the good fortune of the Citizens Building & Loan Association during 1923. " The increase in deposits and resources for the year has been most satisfactory, and even more gratifying to us is the similar increase in the individual prosperity of our customers, as shown by their growing savings accounts. "The sound condition of the association is well indicated by the financial statement on the following pages. “Yet this statement does not show all our assets. Probably greater than any item listed are the confidence and trust so freely given to us by our patrons, and also the favorable opinion of the general public fostered by twenty-one years of unfailing. service." Mr. Holverstott is also a director of the National City Bank & Trust Company, and is president of the Realty Loan Company. A republican, he has always been active in politics, from 1905 to 1911 serving as commissioner of Marion County, and was a member of the County Executive Committee. He is a 296 - HISTORY OF OHIO member of the Marion Club, the Marion Country Club, the Marion Chamber of Commerce, and was a member of the Marion County War Board. A man of broad vision, he has long appreciated the need for good roads, and has long been a leader in this movement in this direction, and is now a trustee of the Ohio Good Roads Federation and is vice president of the Harding Highway Association. Fraternally he belongs to Marion Lodge No. 402, Knights of Pythias, of which he is a past chancellor commander ; and to Marion Lodge No. 32, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of which he is a past exalted ruler. It would be difficult to name anything of importance in the city or county with which he has not at one time or another been connected, and among other past achievements should be mentioned his presidency of the Harding Hotel Company. In assuming these different responsibilities he has done so with the full confidence of his associates, and has continued to shoulder them until he has placed matters upon a sound footing, when he has withdrawn and concentrated his efforts upon another enterprise in need of his efficient management. On December 19, 1888, Mr. Holverstott married Miss Emma A. Dutton, of Newark, Ohio, a daughter of Francis and Sarah Dutton, both of whom are deceased. Mr. Dutton in life was a farmer of Licking County, Ohio. CARMI R. JONES. In the fine old City of Chillicothe, judicial center of Ross County, a well ordered and significantly prosperous enterprise is that conducted under the title of the Scioto Beverage Company, and of this business Carmi R. Jones is the owner and manager, with secure standing as one of the progressive and popular business men of his native county. Mr. Jones was born on the fine homestead farm of his father in Liberty Township, Ross County, and is the eldest in a family of nine children, brief record concerning the other children being consistently entered at this juncture : Arthur E., born July 21, 1887, is married and has five children; Fred F., born February 1, 1889, is married and is the father of one child; Clark Store, born August 15, 1890, is deceased ; Marguerette, born October 9, 1893, is married and has one child; Mary Katherine, born July 11, 1897, is deceased; Henry was born December 18, 1899, and he and his wife have no children; Mason and Nelson, born respectively November 28, 1901, and August 28, 1904, are still eligible young bachelors at the time of this writing, in the autumn of 1923. The parents, Carmi Van Anda Jones and Jessie Fremont (Jones) Jones, are both deceased, the father having died September 6, 1919, and the mother having preceded him to the life eternal. Carmi V. Jones was numbered among the most extensive and successful agriculturists and stock growers in Ross County, and his ability and investments made him an influential figure also in financial affairs in his home county. He and his wife were zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he not only held various official positions in the same but was frequently called upon to represent his church as a delegate to conferences and conventions. He was widely known and respected throughout Southern Ohio, and it is maintained that the attendance at his funeral was the largest ever marking such obsequies in Ross County. He was a son of Rodman and Mary K. (Hampton) Jones, and his father is still living, at the patriarchal age of eighty-seven years (1923). Rodman Jones is a son of Samuel Jones, the pioneer representatives of the family in Ohio having come from Pennsylvania and having made settlement in Ross County, where the community known as Jones Hill perpetuates the family name. The maternal grandparents of the subject of this review were Henry and Mary Jones, and they likewise were sterling citizens- of this section of the Buckeye State. These two families named Jones could claim no kinship, even of remote order, the Henry Jones lineage tracing back to the State of New Jersey. The invigorating atmosphere and discipline of the home farm compassed the boyhood and early youth of Carmi R. Jones, and after completing his studies in the public schools he was for two years a student in Ohio University at Athens. He then gave two years to successful service as a teacher in the district schools, and when this period expired he married and assumed the virtual management of the homestead farm of his father-in-law. He thus continued his active association with farm industry while supplementing his productive enterprise by the buying and shipping of live stock. After devoting twelve years to these enterprises he became a traveling salesman, a vocation in which he continued until March 1, 1923, when he became an interested principal in the Scioto Beverage Company, the history of which covers a period of fully forty years. He effected a reorganization of the company, the capital stock of which he now virtually controls, and he has since been the active manager of the business, which is showing a substantial expansion in scope and importance as the result of his progressive methods and policies. Mr. Jones is aligned in the ranks of the republican party, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church in their home City of Chillicothe. October 27, 1906, recorded the marriage of Mr. Jones and Miss Grace. May Miller, daughter of George W. and Angeline (Long) Miller, well known citizens of Ross County, where Mr. Miller has an extensive landed estate and has had much of leadership in progressive farm industry. Of the Miller children the eldest is Clifford, who is married and has two children; Mamie is married and has seven children; Grace May, wife of the subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; and one child died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have one child Carmi R., Jr. In the World war period Mr. Jones was registered in the fourth class, was called for active service and was ready to enter the United States Army when the armistice brought the great conflict to a close. In the meanwhile he had been active, loyal and liberal in supporting the various local movements of patriotic order, and had contributed to the full extent of his resources in subscriptions to the Government war loans, etc. CHARLES WEBB SADLER, city manager of Sandusky, now serving in his second term, is a man of untiring energy and great public spirit, whose efforts have always been exerted in behalf of his community in a very practical way. A realtor of unusual ability, he has been engaged in different improvements, and more than one addition to the city owes its being to his broad vision and faith in this locality. A native son of the city, for he was born her in February, 1882, he belongs to old and honored families of Sandusky and Erie County. He is a son of Charles W. and Emma L. (Marsh) Sadler, and grandson on the paternal side of Ebenezer B. and Emily (Webb) Sadler, he a native of Connecticut and one of the earliest circuit judges of Sandusky; and she, a native of Rochester, New York. The maternal grandparents were George and Caroline (Jones) Marsh, and he was a native of Massachusetts. HISTORY OF OHIO - 297 Charles W. Sadler was born at Sandusky, and his wife was born at Cincinnati, Ohio. Both are now residents of Sandusky, Mr. Sadler having retired from his practice as a lawyer. For two and one-half years Charles Webb Sadler was a student of the University of Michigan, but he left that institution to take the position of a chemist in a sugar factory at Fremont, Ohio, and he held it for a year. For the subsequent two years he was prospecting for iron in Minnesota, and sunk the first hole at Deerwood. Retnrning then to Sandusky, he entered upon what seems to be his life work, and became a realtor. He has laid out the larger portion of the allotments on the east and south ends of Sandusky, and developed Cable Park, one of the beautiful residential sections of the city. In January, 1922, he became city manager, and so well did he fill that position that after two years he was reappointed. Mr. Sadler is unmarried. He belongs to Grace Episcopal Church of Sandusky. In politics he is independent, and he has been a member of the City Council. He is a Mason. Fond of outdoor sports, he finds pleasure in his connection with the Wyandotte Sporting Club, which he is now serving as president, and with the Castalia Front Club. Few men of the city and county are better known than he, and none are held in higher esteem by all who know them. W. E. ALSPAUGH, for over thirty years was a successful figure in the agricultural and commercial affairs of Henry and Wood counties. His home was at McClure in Henry County, and he was both a business man and a farmer in that locality. His death occurred June 7, 1924. He was born three and one-half miles east of Findlay, in Hancock County, Ohio, March 22, 1870, son of John J. and Elizabeth (Fox) Alspaugh. His father was born at Lithopolis, Ohio, and his mother, in Hancock County. They were married at Findlay, and for many years engaged in farming and subsequently retired. W. E. Alspaugh grew up on a farm in Hancock County, attended the district schools there, and from 1884 until 1907 his home was in Wood County. He was a farmer there, and then removed to Henry County and continued farming for four years, and during the past twelve years was engaged in the hay and straw business at McClure. He owned a good home in the village, with five acres of ground, and had a 160-acre farm in Richfield Township. Mr. Alspaugh married Miss Myrtle Fuller. Their children are: Ethel, Mabel, Roy, Elmer, John and Frances. Mabel and Roy are both graduates of the West Hope High School. Mrs. Alspaugh is a member of the United Brethren Church. Fraternally he was affiliated with all the York Rite bodies in Masonry, including. Defiance Commandery No. 30 of the Knights Templar, and was a past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. He was a member of the Grange, was a republican, and served as township . trustee and as a member of. the School Board of Damascus Township, Henry County. RUSH D. HILLER is president of the Rush D. Hiller Company, undertakers and embalmers, and also president of the Hiller Embalming College and Necro Surgery at Canton. Mr. Hiller was born at Brownsville, Pennsylvania, June 16, 1872. He was reared in Pittsburgh, attended the grammar and high schools of that city, and is a graduate of a regular medical college, having received his degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1898. After a brief period of practice of medicine he took up embalming at Pittsburgh, and followed his business in that city until March, 1916. In that year he came to Canton and associated himself with the Millard Blanchard Company, and in 1919 established his School of Embalming. In 1921 he bought out the Millard Blanchard Company. His business is located at 1037 Tuscarawas Street, West. Mr. Hiller has the finest funeral equipment at Canton, and his long experience and authoritative knowledge have enabled him to supply a perfect service. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America, is a republican in politics, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is thoroughly public spirited in all his relations with the community. Mr. Hiller married Miss Laura G. Lauffer, of Apollo, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Hiller is a licensed embalmer and funeral director. WALTER WILFRO HALL CURTISS, M. D. A graduate of Ohio Medical College, and a physician and surgeon in this state for ten years, Doctor Curtiss made a splendid record as a medical officer during the World war, being overseas for many months. He has a large general practice at Dennison in Tuscarawas County. He was born at East Haven, Connecticut, November 24, 1884, of New England ancestry. His parents, Charles Ira and Emeline A. (Hadsell) Curtiss, were both born in Massachusetts. Doctor Curtiss lived in Connecticut until he was sixteen, and after that in Westfield, Massachusetts, where he was graduated from high school in 1904. As a young man he spent some years working in shops, and paid the expenses of his education in the Ohio Medical College at Columbus, where he was graduated Doctor of Medicine in 1914. For the next three years he was engaged in a general practice at Piedmont, Ohio. In May, 1917, he volunteered and on June 28 was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Army Medical Corps. He was called to active duty August 7, 1917, at Washington, and was soon attached to the British service, spending two months in a hospital in England, two months with the Eighteenth Field Ambulance in the Sixth Division of the British Expeditionary Forces in France, two weeks with the Second Durham Light Infantry, eighteen months with the Twenty-fourth Brigade, Royal Field Artillery, and was in Germany after the armistice. In November, 1918, he was promoted to the rank of captain. Doctor Curtiss received his honorable discharge at Camp Dix, New Jersey, May 2, 1919, having spent twenty months in service overseas. The doctor was the first man from Harrison County to go overseas. After this military experience he resumed practice at Piedmont, but in February, 1920, moved to Dennison. While engaged in general practice he has made a specialty of obstetrics. He is a member of the Tuscarawas County, Ohio State and American Medical associations, is affiliated with the Royal Arch Chapter and Council degrees in York Rites Masonry, with the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite Consistory, with the Mystic Shrine and is a member of the American Legion, the Presbyterian Church and is a republican in politics. Doctor Curtiss married, in 1912, Miss Martha Hildreth, who was born at Westford, Massachusetts, and is a daughter of Julian and Myra (Whitney) Hildreth. Their four children are named Philip, Lois, Doris and Charles Francis. The accompanying plate is from a photograph taken in France in 1918. JOSEPH FLOYD DIXON is county superintendent of schools of Jackson County. His individual experience as an educator covers every phase of work from teaching in a one-room country school up to principal of grade and high schools, and he is one 298 - HISTORY OF OHIO of the well qualified men in the educational leadership of Southern Ohio. He was born in Jackson County, April 22, 1887, son of Michael Marion and Emma (Brunton) Dixon, and grandson of Stephen and Sallie (McCoy) Dixon, and Henry and Harriet Brunton. The Dixons came to Ohio about 1820 from North Carolina, while the Bruntons were originally from Pennsylvania. Michael Marion Dixon and wife are still living, and he is a well known farmer and stock raiser of Jackson County, and has always been active in the public life of his township and community. He served twelve years on the school board, was for six years a director of the County Infirmary, and is an official member of the Christian Church. Joseph Floyd is the oldest of four living children. His brother, Lester, is deceased. Todd M. married Elizabeth Wastier, and has two children, named Herbert and Elizabeth. The other son, Henry, is unmarried. Annie is the wife of Herbert Gahm, and has two children. Joseph Floyd Dixon was educated in the district schools of Jackson County, took his preparatory work in Ohio University at Athens, and in 1923 was graduated from Rio Grande College. In the meantime he had an extensive experience as a teacher. His first work was four years in a rural one-room school. Following that came one year as principal of the Centerville School, two years as principal of the Beaver High School, one year as principal of the Harvey School and one year in the Wellston High School. For two years he was principal of the Brinkerhoff High School at Mansfield. Hie served four years as district superintendent of Jackson County schools before he was elected county superintendent, an office he has held for the past five years. He is a member of the Southeastern Ohio and Ohio State Teachers, associations and the National Educational Association. He is a member of thc Masonic Lodge and Knights of Pythias, and a Methodist. He married at Oakhill, Jackson County, in December, 1908, Miss Ethel Jones, daughter of Evan and Margaret (Edwards) Jones. She is the second in a family of seven children. The others were: Elmer ; Jennie May; Elizabeth Pearl, wife of Luther Thomas and the mother of four children; Rosanna; David; and Margaret. Her father is a merchant at Oakhill, belongs to the Welsh Presbyterian Church, and is affiliated with the Masons, Knights of Pythias and Redmen. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. Dixon are named Margaret, Elizabeth and Ruth. WALTER STANDISH SMITH, of Columbus, is the inventor of the Exact Weight Scale, a type of weighing scale made in a large number of styles, sizes and special designs and manufactured by the Smith Scale Company, of which Mr. Smith is vice president and general manager. Mr. Smith, who has been in the scale business for over a quarter of a century, was born at Cincinnati, in August, 1877, son of Thomas T. and Victoria (Standish) Smith. His parents are now deceased. His father was for many years a commercial traveler representing a New York house, and made his home at Cincinnati and later at Columbus. Victoria Standish was a daughter of the late John Standish, a pioneer manufacturer of Columbus, where his daughter was born. Walter Standish Smith gets his inventive ability from his maternal grandfather, who invented and manufactured weaving machinery, button making machinery, shoe pegging machinery and in partnership with Peter Hayden became an extensive manufacturer of hames, buckles and other harness accessories. They were the first firm in the United States to make use of prison contract labor, employing this labor from the Ohio State Penitentiary at Columbus. John Standish was a direct descendant of Miles Standish of the Mayflower. On account of her New England ancestry Mrs. Victoria Smith was for many years active in the councils of the Colonial Dames, Mayflower Descendants, Daughters of the Revolution and other patriotic societies. When Walter S. Smith was a child the family moved to Columbus. He attended school in that city, and as a young man started out as a salesman. In 1896 he became a representative of W. & T. Avery of Birmingham, England, the largest scale manufacturer in the world. He traveled and sold scales for twenty-one years, until in 1917 he left the road to establish the Smith Scale Company. While lie was on the road he was using his opportunities to make a thorough study of all the scientific principles and technique involved in scale manufacture and operation, and it became particularly his ambition to devise a scale that would meet the constantly occurring criticisms which were directed against the ordinary type of scales. He proceeded from the principle that exact weight is one of the fundamentals of business, and in developing and patenting the Smith Exact Weight Scale he fulfilled three essential conditions, so that the scale in any condition of level, under any kind of vibratory conditions, and regardless of climatic conditions, gives accurate weight. For this achievement the Franklin Institute has recommended that he be awarded the Edward Casson medal for a notable discovery in science. In addition to accuracy the Smith Exact Weight Scale has a facility of operation that makes it practically foolproof. This is secured chiefly by a dial registering over or underweight on a wide indicator margin, so that even more than ordinary carelessness or indifference should hardly make an error of as much as 1 per cent. These Smith Exact Weight scales have been manufactured in increasing quantities and a wide variety of designs at Columbus for five years, and the scales are now a part of the standard equipment of all the larger meat packing houses and a large number of the great wholesale and manufacturing grocers, confectioners, flour mills and other concerns requiring annually operated weighing machinery. ALVA LAWRENCE MINGUS is proprietor of the flouring mills of Jackson, and has spent all his active career in mill construction and operation. He is of the fourth consecutive generation of the Mingus family to follow mill building and mill operation in Ohio. The family has a remarkable record in that particular industry. His great-grandfather was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and he and his brother soon after the close of that war came down the Ohio River in boats and joined the original and first permanent colony planted in Ohio at Marietta, assisting in building the block house and protecting the settlement from Indians. The great-grandfather, Mingus, erected the first mill at Marietta. He and his brother owned the ground where the courthouse now stands in Marietta. Great-grandfather Mingus was killed during the War of 1812. His son, Bartlett J. Mingus, was also a millwright, and married Elizabeth Johnston. Carlos A. L. Mingus, father of Alva Lawrence, has been a lifelong millwright and miller, and he lives at Vigo in Ross County. He is a member of the Masonic Order, and attends the Methodist Episcopal Church. He married Florence May Ruthford, daughter of William and Sarah (Speakman) Ruthford, who are still living on their farm at Vigo. HISTORY OF OHIO - 299 Carlos A. L. Mingus and wife had six children: Alva Lawrence; James, who died at the age of twenty-two; Gladys, who became the wife of James Craig, and has a daughter, Pauline Lydia; Glenn, who is married and has four children; Carlos A. L., Jr., who died at the age of five months; and Carlyle. Alva Lawrence Mingus was born at Vigo in Ross County, Ohio, May 12, 1891. He attended public schools at Vigo, finishing his high school course there at the age of eighteen. Working under his father he learned the millwright trade and became an expert flour mill operator. For a number of years he was a millwright, constructing mills and operating them at various places. In 1919 he bought a ranch in New Mexico, and operated it for two years. In March, 1923, he bought the old Jackson Milling Company ,s property at Jackson. This is an industry established about 1854 by the Bunn Brothers and associates. The plant was operated for half a century as the Franklin Mill and subsequently improved and modernized by the Jackson Milling Company. The original founders also added a woolen mill to the plant. For many years it has been known as the Old Brick Mill of Jackson. Mr. Mingus has greatly improved the property Since becoming its proprietor, and he does an exchange and general milling business, handling both hard and soft wheat. His mill produces what is regarded as the finest buckwheat flour in the Middle West. Mr. Mingus possesses a deed executed by the original owners of the property in 1865. As a miller Mr. Mingus was assigned to the fourth class during the World war, but was not called. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge, is a Methodist and his wife is a Presbyterian. On July 20, 1911, Mr. Mingus married Miss Edna May Long. The one child of this marriage is A. L. Mingus, Jr. On May 18, 1923, he married Nora Birt, of St. Joseph, Missouri, daughter of Ezra and Catherine Birt, both now deceased. Her mother died July 10, 1916. Her father was a Mason and farmer and a member of the Presbyterian Church. In the Birt family were eight children. Mary Birt, the oldest, married Thomas Gregory, and their four children were: Archie; Edward, who married Argelia Whitsell, and has a son, Gale Barton; Celia, who married Ray Bellis, and has a son, Leo Thomas; and Ida, who married Frank McWilliams, and has a daughter, Ruth. George F. Birt, the second child, married Laura Gibson, and has three children. Clyde Gibson, who married Pearl McWilliams, and has two children, named Elizabeth and Dorothy; Ode, who married Eva Moler, and has two children, Billie and Gibson; Daphne D. Caroline Birt married Abraham Gregory, and their three children are: Myrtle, who married Milton Tnrney; Alta, who married Earl Windgate, and has a child, Norville; Hazel, who married Guy Cochrane, and has one son, Charles. Charles Birth, the fourth child, married Florence Mieser, and their children are: Nora, who married G. Clark; Emery; Virginia, who is married and has one child; Quinten; Virgie; and Kenneth. Elizabeth Birt married William Dawson, and their children are: Gertrude, who married Harry Bellis; Grace, who married Felix Murker, and has a daughter, Virginia; Pearl, unmarried; Opal, who married Leo Mathews. Raymond Dawson Birt married Opal Jackson, and has a daughter, Rose Mary. Andrew Hirt married Viola Iba. Rhoda Birt married George Gregory, and has two children: Roscoe and Gwendolyn. The Birt family originated in Germany, first settled in New York and then went to Missouri. Mrs. Mingus, father was a farmer. CHARLES B. SLACK. One of the prominent business men and highly esteemed citizens of Granville, Ohio, is Charles B. Slack, cashier of the Granville Bank, and having large farming interests in Licking County. Charles B. Slack was born at Granville, Ohio, January 23, 1865, and was educated at Denison University. Subsequently he became well known in the educational field, and for five years was superintendent of the schools maintained in the Ohio • State Penitentiary. In 1903 Mr. Slack was one of the founders of the Granville Bank at Granville, of which he is cashier and a member of its Board of Directors. Mr. Slack,s marriage was with Miss Dora McClain, of Granville, Ohio. JUDGE D. W. JONES, who for many years was on the bench of the Common Pleas Court of Ohio, has practiced law since about 1880, and for the past twenty years has been a resident of Marietta. It was during the administration of Governor Bushnell that he was appointed judge of the Third Subdivision of the Seventh Judicial District. Judge Jones was born in Vinton County, Ohio, October 16, 1855, son of David and Maria (Bothwell) Jones. His family is of Welsh descent, and its members have been prominent throughout several Southern Ohio Counties, including Vinton, Ross and Pickaway. David Jones was one of the intelligent and progressive men of his day, both as a farmer and citizen. He taught school in early life, and always kept himself well informed. He was an abolitionist before the Civil war, began voting as a whig and later voted as a republican and held a number of local offices and was also a member of the Ohio State Legislature from a district comprising several counties in Southern Ohio. As a farmer he specialized in the raising and breeding of sheep. He bought his stock in Vermont, making periodical visits for that purpose, and as a breeder he shipped his own animals all over the country. Maria Bothwell, mother of Judge Jones, was one of the interesting women of her days, very liberal minded and attending church where she could hear the best sermon. The family home was at McArthur. David Jones had a large house and extensive grounds. It was a center for the liberal hospitality of that day, many social gatherings being held there. Mrs. Maria Jones had two sons in the army during the Civil war, and she did a great deal of work more recently performed by the Red Cross, preparing bandages and other supplies for the sick and wounded. David Jones was born in 1804 and died in 1866. His wife was born in 1812 and survived her husband about a year. Her father was James Bothwell, who came from Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and was a pioneer in Vinton County. James Bothwell married Charlotte Potter, who was born in 1788, and died at a venerable age in 1875. Charlotte Potter had read medicine, and did an extensive practice all over Southern Ohio as a midwife. She attended 2,200 births with the loss of only one mother, and in that case it is said the fault was due to the mother. David and Maria Jones reared eight of their ten children to maturity, and seven of them passed the age of fifty. The two sons in the Civil war were Homer C. and James Kimble, and both were captains in Ohio troops. Homer later became an attorney at McArthur. James K. was in the sheep business with his father, and has since removed to Northern Missouri and engaged in the live stock business. The son Mordica B. went to Kansas, where he was a farmer. Charlotte, who died in 1921, at the age of eighty-nine, became the wife of J. Watson Rannells, of Vinton County. Eliza J. was the wife of J. A. Fulton, of McArthur, and died when upwards of seventy years of age. The daughter Cidna M. became the wife of Elijah C. Rockhold, of Bainbridge, Ohio, and was sixty-two years old when she died in 1913.