2200 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO an agriculturist. He was born October 21, 1877, on a farm near Limestone Ridge not far from Carey, Ohio. His parents were Henry and Sarah Ann (Oman) Bish. The family have been farmers as far back as there is any record. The stock is Pennsylvania German and the Bishes settled in that state when they first came to America. Afterwards the family moved to Fairfield County, Ohio, where Henry Bish was born. Henry Bish made a splendid record of three years' service in the Civil war. He enlisted August 12, 1862, at Findlay, Ohio, in Company D of the Ninety-ninth Ohio Infantry. This regiment was part of the First Brigade, Third Division, Fourth Army Corps. His first important battle was at Stone River in January, 1863, where he was among the Union soldiers captured. He was sent to Libby prison at Richmond, remained there three months and on being exchanged was sent to Annapolis, Maryland, and then to Camp Dennison, Ohio. There the Ninety-ninth Regiment was consolidated with the Fiftieth Ohio, and formed a part of the Fourth Brigade, Second Division, Twenty-third Army Corps. With this organization Henry Bish was soon in active service, and the more notable battles in which he engaged are a striking testimony to his gallant service. He fought at Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, and in many battles of the great Atlanta campaign, including Ringgold, Rocky. Face, Buzzard Roost, Pumpkin Vine and others of minor importance. He received his honorable discharge at Camp Dennison, Ohio, in 1865. George W. Bish received his early schooling in Seneca County, and at the age of seventeen he began work far his father in a grocery store. His father was in poor health for a number of years and finally died in 1895. After that George Bish continued the management of the store a year, then sold out. He next did what might be called a journeyman experience as a merchant, working in different grocery stores about Ohio and Indiana, being at Fort Wayne for some time. In 1902 he came to Carey, Ohio, and became clerk for Mr. Chesebrough. In 1907 he bought a half interest in the business, and the firm was Chesebrough & Bish until the death of the senior partner on April 4, 1917. Since then Mr. Bish has continued the business under his individual management. He conducts his store on modern business principles, keeps a full and fresh stock, and supplies a large demand both in the town and surrounding country. Mr. Bish married in 1902 Hallie V. Chesebrough, a daughter of George and Catherine (Lytle) Chesebrough. They have one child, George Henry, born in 1907. G. W. Chesebrough was one of the oldest merchants in Carey, Ohio, at the time of his death having been continually in business as a groceryman forty-one years and he was one of the representative citizens of that place. He married Catherine A. Lytle, and they were the parents of two children : Myrta, who married W. H. Houk, and they have two children, Harold G. and Gertrude C. ; and Hallie V., who became the wife of Mr. Bish. Both Mr. and Mrs. Chesebrough were Methodists.. Mrs. Chesebrough died in 1901 an Mr. Chesebrough married a second time, in 1903, wedding Mrs. Margaret A. Shoupe, who still survives. Mr. Chesebrough, was a leader in the church choir many years and was a member of the Masons, Knights of Pythias, and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was prominent in all these orders. Mr. Bish is a republican in politics, is affiliated with the Carey lodges of Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of the Maccabees, having held chairs in both orders, and is a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church. His success in life is due to the expression of his own talents and energies, and he has always used his individual means and influence to promote the welfare of his community. H. A. HARTMAN, superintendent of the city schools of Marion, has spent practically all his active life as an educator. He has taught school and has been connected with school administration in Ohio and in various other states, including the South. In his younger years he had not only himself to look after but other members of the family, and he earned a living in addition to paying for a liberal education. Mr. Hartman was born in Van Wert County, July 2, 1864, a son of George A. and Emeline (Bowers) Hartman. His grandfather, Christopher Hartman, was a native of Pennsylvania and located on a farm in Stark County, Ohio, in the '30s. Christopher's father was German born, and came from the picturesque and historic section of the Harz Mountains. The maternal grandfather, Benjamin Bowers, was a native of Pennsylvania and also located in Stark County in the '30s. He was a farmer and stock buyer and was also of German origin. George J. Hartman HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2201 and his wife Emeline Bowers were both natives of Stark County, where he was born in 1836 and she in 1840. He died in 1891 and the mother in 1914. They married in Stark County in 1858 and at once removed to Van Wert County, where they located on a farm. George Hartman began life poor, but was able to make a creditable provision for his family. He had taught school before his marriage. He was a democrat in politics and in his home county served as township assessor and clerk. He and his wife were active Presbyterians. They had a large family of eleven children, and the six now living are : H. A. Hartman, the oldest ; B. F., in the lumber business at Seattle, Washington ; J. B., a resident of Toledo ; W. C., who also lives in Toledo and is connected with the street car system ; Dema, wife of O. J. Sponseller, a farmer near Bloomville, Ohio ; and Lottie, who is unmarried and lives with her brother, J. B. H. A. Hartman grew up on his father's farm and received his first instruction in country schools and also in the schools of the City of Van Wert. He took a teacher's training course at Valparaiso, Indiana, and subsequently spent three more years in that institution. He was a teacher in the winter and a student in summer. For three years he was instructor of Latin and Physiology in the Normal School at Middle Point, Ohio, and while there received his A. B. degree. He next went to Wetumpka, Alabama, where for two years he was superintendent of city schools. He entered the State College at Troy, Alabama, taking the summer courses, and after two years received the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the State College in 1893. He then taught in the Department of Languages in the Agricultural College at Athens, Alabama, until 1895, and in that year was elected principal of schools at Van Wert, his home town back in Ohio. He was there until 1898, and then went to Trinidad, Colorado, where he accepted the superintendency of the city schools and remained until 1900. His next position was as superintendent of schools at Decatur, Indiana, where he remained until 1906, and then accepted a call to the State University of Colorado as instructor in education. He was instructor in education until 1910, when he returned to Ohio and entered upon the duties that still engage him as superintendent of the city schools of Marion. For six years while in Alabama he was instructor in the Peabody Institute, and has done much institute work in the states of Indiana and Ohio. In 1895 Mr. Hartman married Ida Brandy-berry of Decatur, Indiana. They have five children : Dale A., a junior in the law department of Western Reserve University of Cleveland, now holds the rank of corporal in the United States Artillery service, having first enlisted in Troop A of the cavalry, but subsequently changing to the artillery ; Joyce I. is a junior in the medical department of Western Reserve University ; Jesse B. is member of the senior class of the Marion High School ; Paul B., also in the last year of the local high school ; and Ruth Rae, in the sixth grade of the grammar schools. Mr. and Mrs. Hartman have taken great pains with the education and training of their children and may well be proud of the attainments of the younger members of their household. Mr. and Mrs. Hartman are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is teacher of the Young Ladies' Class of the Sunday school. Mr. Hartman has passed all the chairs of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is also a Knight of Pythias and Mason, and in politics is independent. BENJAMIN MECK has had a long and honorable career as a lawyer in Northwest Ohio, and enjoys the prestige and honors of his profession at Bucyrus. Mr. Meek was born in Crawford County, Ohio, March 1, 1860, son of John Frederick and Christina (Schiefer) Meck. Both parents were natives of Wurtemberg, Germany, where the father was born September 1, 1816, a son of John F. Meck, who subsequently came to the United States and died in Crawford County. Christina Schiefer was born May 11, 1830, a daughter of Conrad Schiefer. They were married in Crawford County, where John Frederick Meck settled about 1832 as a pioneer farmer. lie was a hard working German, thrifty, and acquired a good estate as a farmer and stock raiser. He was a man of unassuming character, well read, but never sought the honors of public life. He was a democrat, and his church faith was represented by the Pietist creed. He and his wife had eleven children, eight of whom are still living : Conrad F., a timber dealer at Bucyrus ; Mrs. Paulina Adler of Toledo ; Benjamin ; Mrs. Sarah Hesche of Bucyrus ; David C., an educator living at Cleveland ; William H., who is also an educator living at Dayton, 2202 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Ohio, and former state senator ; Charles Wesley, a Toledo attorney ; Noah Webster, who lives at Chatfield, Ohio, and is a mail carrier. Benjamin Meck spent his early life on his father's farm and besides the public schools he completed a course and graduated from the Ohio Normal University in 1883. He studied law under Allen Smalley of Upper Sandusky and was admitted to the bar in 1889. From that year to the present he has carried increasing burdens as a lawyer and successful practitioner. He continued to practice at Upper Sandusky for twenty years and while there served as prosecuting attorney of the county for six years. Since 1907 Mr. Meek has had his home and offices at Bucyrus. December 30, 1883 . he married Mary Mc- Laughlin, a native of Wyandot County. They have five children. Henry Lehr Meck is now practicing medicine at Petersburg, Michigan. Abraham K. Meek is a lawyer at Eugene, Oregon. Chester Allen Meck is also a lawyer and associated with his father in practice. Nina Augusta married D. M. Wirth, a clothing merchant at Bucyrus. Calvin Benjamin Meck is still pursuing his studies in the local high school. Mrs. Meck is a member of the Reformed Church. Mr. Meck takes an active part in fraternal affairs in the Masonic Order, the Knights of Pythias and the Loyal Order of Moose. He has served as senior deacon of the Masonic Lodge and as past dictator of the Loyal Order of Moose. Politically he is a democrat, and has done considerable campaign work for the party and is a speaker of much ability. HENRY C. UHLMAN. Tracing the lives of prominent men of Northwest Ohio, 'it is easy to see that progressive characters have never lacked for opportunities, and that opportunities have not signified so much as has the man himself, the problems of professional, industrial and financial life having been solved in many ways by the ability of individuals. With the expansion of trade, the need of capital for building up and maintaining the many large industries and institutions, there has arisen a need for concerted effort, but the personal factor has always been potent. During the last half a century the financial institutions of the various communities have played an important and most helpful part, and one of the men of financial integrity is Henry C. Uhlman, formerly for many years a leading merchant at Weston, Wood County, ex-mayor of the city, and now president of the First. National Bank at that place. Mr. Uhl-man's career has been interesting and is typical of modern progress and advancement. Alert and enterprising, he early utilized the opportunities offered in this county, and close application, indefatigable energy, integrity and determination have constituted the foundation of his achievements. Mr. Uhlman was born in Hanover, Germany, June 3, 1842, in which locality the family had lived for many generations, and where they were known for their industry and probity and as members of the Lutheran faith since the days of Luther. His parents were Casper H. and Catherine M. (Hacke) Uhl- man, the former born in 1810 and the latter in 1812, and both in Hanover, where they were married in 1833. In his native land Casper H. Uhlman followed the trade of wagon-maker, but, although he was energetic and enterprising in his labors, did not make the progress that he desired, and eventually decided to try his fortunes in the United States, where opportunities for advancement were being held out to ambitious men of industry. In 1843, with his family, he took passage on a sailing vessel at Hamburg, and after a somewhat extended voyage arrived at Baltimore. For a time after his arrival he followed the trade of carpenter, but eventually located on a farm in Sandusky. County, near the town of Woodville, this being an English-speaking community where his children soon learned the tongue and customs of the country and were glad to have the opportunity of becoming good American citizens. In that locality Casper H. Uhlman and his worthy wife rounded out their careers in the pursuits of agriculture, and not only established a good home for their family and amassed a competence for their declining years, but at the same time built up a substantial reputation for sterling integrity of character. They were devout members of the Lutheran Church and lived their faith, and Mr. Uhlman became a supporter of the principles of the democratic party. They had the following children : Mary, who married John Shumaker ; Louise, who became the wife of C. Habler ; Caroline, who married William Bruns ; Charles, who died in Germany ; Henry C. ; Annie, who died in childhood ; and an infant who died unnamed. Henry C. Uhlman was educated in the public schools of Woodville Township, Ohio, HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2203 and was a little more than fifteen years of age when he started to work. On October 20, 1857, he began as a clerk in the employ of Ira B. Banks, of Pemberville, when that place was a mere hamlet with a handful of houses. In 1864 Mr. Banks removed his stock of goods to Weston. In the meantime Mr. Uhlman, who was receiving only four dollars per month and his board, had in 1860 left the services of Mr. Banks after a disagreement as to the remuneration he should receive, and had ene to Toledo, where he secured a position with a better salary attached. In March, 1867, Mr. Banks, who was fully aware of his former employe's ability, persuaded Mr. Uhlman to return to his store, where the latter was given an interest in the business. They made a great success of the enterprise, and in 1874, purchased 200 acres of land north of the village, and when, four years later, they mutually agreed to dissolve the partnership Mr. Banks took the farming land as his share, while Mr. Uhlman retained the store and stock. Their association had always been a most agreeable and profitable one, without even a harsh word between the partners, and when Mr. Banks returned to Weston and again engaged in business as a merchant, the -friendship was resumed -and friendly relations existed' between the men up to the time of Mr. Banks' death. Mr. Uhlman continued to be actively interested in the store for a period of thirty-six years and was one of the best known merchants of the city, attracting trade to his large store by attractive goods and honest prices and holding it by honorable business methods.' In January, 1903, he sold the business to his son, Fred Uhlman, and his son-in-law, A. B. Baldwin, who carried on the business successfully for several years. In this time Fred Uhlman had commenced to engage in the business of buying up 'bankrupt stocks and selling them, and this became such a large enterprise that he finally sold his interest in the store at Weston to his partner, Mr. Baldwin, and devoted his entire attention to his new line of endeavor. Soon he was buying and selling large stocks in this direction and in this way has become one of the most successful business men of this locality, being the owner of stores at Bowling Green, North Baltimore, Defiance, Bryan, Sandusky and Fremont. Since becoming sole owner of the business at Weston, Mr. Baldwin has done very well at the old stand, where he has an establishment forty by 90 feet, filled with a full line of dry goods, notions, carpets and household supplies. The First National Bank was started at Weston about 1887 as a private institution by A. J. Munn, who conducted it for many years. About 1900 the bank was taken over by A. E. Royce, and three years later Mr. Uhlman and Mr. Royce reorganized it as the First National Bank of Weston, with a capital of $25,000, Mr. Uhlman being made president ; A. E. Royce, vice president ; and W. R. Noyes, cashier. The first directors were : A. E. Royce, J. W. Brownsberger, Samuel C. Oswald, Doctor Mannhardt of Custer, Ohio, F. E. Whitaker and Henry C. Uhlman, with several others, since which time there have been several changes. The institution now has a surplus of $10,000 and deposits of $175,000, and the institution is accounted one of the strongest in this part of the state, having an excellent country from which to draw its depositors and possessing a directing board that includes in its membership some of the wealthiest men of this-locality. The banking house is a modern structure, erected especially for the bank in 1908 and is finely equipped throughout. Mr. Uhlman, as president of this institution, is widely known as a man of substantial worth, one whose judgment is sound and sagacity keen. He never has been known to sacrifice a safe conservation to personal ambition, in all his career having sought advancement founded upon well-established business principles. Few men of Northwest Ohio are better informed concerning the financial problems which are always an issue in the management of large interests. He is concerned in all that pertains to modern advancement and to improvements along material, intellectual and moral lines. He makes no show of his charities, but they extend to many worthy enterprises. A republican in politics, he has long been identified with that party, having cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln. He was the second mayor of Weston, and for twenty years was a member of the school-board, during which time he was largely instrumental in the securing of two new school buildings, one of them still being used as the Weston High School. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has passed' all the chairs. He has been a member of the Presbyterian Church for upwards of forty years and during the greater part of this period has served in the capacity of elder, 2204 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO which position he holds at this time. He has been an active worker in the movements of this church, is a member of the building committee which completed the erection of the present church edifice, and is a generous con-. tributor to all the work of the congregation. Among other things Mr. Uhlman has contributed materially to the upbuilding of his adopted city by the erection of a number of brick houses, and in other ways is a leader of all progressive movements. Mr. Uhlman married in 1870 Miss Lizzie .Hill, of Weston, who was born in the State of. New York, August 20, 1844. To them have been born three children : Fannie Augusta, married, A. B. Baldwin, and is the mother of two children, Henry A. and Grace Virginia; ,Grace May is the wife of J. C. White, of Bowling Green, Ohio, who is connected with the 'Uhlman interests; Fred W. Uhlman married Grace Millikin, of Bowling Green, and he is proprietor of several clothing establishments. EDWIN H. BAGGALEY. The career of the late Edwin H. Baggaley, of Weston, was an expression of well-directed and intelligent industry, of devotion to the best interests of the community, and promotion of the best tenets of commercial life. His financial standing was indicated by the possession of some valuable properties and other interests, 'which came to him through the exercise of thrift, good management and business sagacity, and his personal reputation was built up through years of integrity in the various affairs of life with which he was connected. He was born July 4, 1850, in Staffordshire, England, and came of an old and respected English family, being a son of Jacob and Hermine (Lawton) Baggaley, natives of Lancashire, England. His father, who was an inn keeper by vocation, died of dropsy at the age of forty-two years, while his mother survived to the age of sixty-three. Edwin H. Baggaley entered school when a small lad and attended until he was thirteen years of age, when he had acquired knowledge that many of his fellow scholars gained only after much more study. Throughout his life he continued to be a well-read man, quick to learn and with a receptive and retentive mind. He had some experience in regard to working with machinery in his native land and at the age of sixteen years left England and came to the United States to join his aunt, Mrs. Josephine Woodisse, who had come here prior to the Civil war and was living in Wood County, Ohio, near Weston. Shortly after his arrival he went to Lima, where he secured employment in a machine shop and there received a substantial training, but subsequently returned to Weston and became associated with the late Edward Baldwin, one of the leading business men of this place, the owner of several elevators and a man connected with many of the prominent enterprises here. He remained for several years as a clerical worker with Mr. Baldwin, and then became associated with his brother-in-law, John E. Clark, but eventually again returned to Mr. Baldwin's employ. In 1895 he went to Toledo, where he became bookkeeper and manager for the firm of Lorenz Company, wholesale and retail manufacturers of and dealers in perfumes and druggists' sundries, but in 1901 returned to Weston and became identified with Oswald Brothers, extensive dealers in lumber and coal, with which concern he continued to be associated until his death, June 21, 1916. Mr. Baggaley was a useful citizen and much respected as such and as a man who was always endeavoring to do something for his fellows. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Church. In politics a republican, he was township clerk and corporation clerk for years, and was also well known fraternally, being a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Weston and active in the Knights of Pythias from the time of its organization, being the first keeper of the seals and keys in its history. A .very well read and well informed man as to current events, he was noted for his intelligent and sound views on many subjects, and these characteristics assisted him in the accumulation of a good property. Mr. Baggaley was married July 4, 1875, at Weston, to Miss Ella B. Clark, who was born near Weston in Wood County, where she was well educated and was given a certificate to teach. She is a daughter of Alvin and Harriet M. (Jeffrey) Clark, natives of New York state, where Mr. Clark was born in 1804 and his wife in 1815. As young people they went with their parents to Seneca County, Ohio, where they were married in the vicinity of Tiffin, and after the birth of their first child, in 1835, came across the country into Wood County in ox-carts and located in Milton Township. There they took up a whole section of land from the United States Government, a part of which is the tract upon which the city of Weston now stands, the Clarks HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2205 being the original pioneers of this locality. They built as their first home a small log cabin, in the midst of a country where wild game still abounded and where the Indians were frequent visitors to their little home, although for the most part the redmen were peaceably inclined and friendly. It was necessary. that they go to either Grand Rapids or Perrysburg for their sugar, other eatables and milling products, and from the yarn which they themselves spun the mother not only made the hose and mittens for her own family but for those of the neighboring settlers as well. They lived to clear up their land and develop a handsome and valuable farm, and the log cabin was replaced by a comfortable residence, surrounded by all the conveniences and comforts of advanced civilization. Here the father died September 25, 1872, as an old-school Presbyterian, and the mother September 3, 1899, in the faith of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a republican, but not a politician, being content to devote himself to his agricultural labors. Mr. and Mrs. Clark were the parents of the following children : Mrs. Elizabeth Atkins, who died leaving one son and one daughter; John E., who fought as a soldier o f the Union during the Civil war and died leaving three children ; Emmeline, who died as Mrs. Byron Baldwin and left no issue ; Anna A., who married George W. Pore and died four years later, leaving no children ; Daniel S., deceased, who had one son and one daughter ; and Ella B., now Mrs. Baggaley. To Mr. and Mrs. Baggaley there was born one daughter, Bertha C., who was educated in the public schools and married Erwin M. Worcester, who was barn at Oberlin, Ohio, in 1871, and grew up and was educated in Massachusetts. He was of English stock, a son of James and Harriet (McRobert) Worcester, who came at an early day to Oberlin, Ohio, and passed the rest of their lives in this state, Mr. Worcester dying when seventy-eight years of age and his wife ten years younger. Mr. Worcester is a successful dairyman of Oberlin, Lorain County, and he and his wife are members of the Congregational Church. They have four living children : Marian E., class of 1918, Oberlin High School ; Madge Elizabeth, thirteen years of age and in eighth grade ; Irene, eleven years old and in the public schools; and Kenneth Edward, aged five years. Mrs. Baggaley still survives her husband and resides in her attractive modern home of nine rooms located at Locust and Clark Streets, Weston, and furnished with taste and discernment. Mrs. Baggaley is a cultured lady of many attainments and who is well known at Weston, where she has many friends, particularly in the Methodist Church, where she has been an active and helpful worker in various movements, and in the Pythian Sisters, where she passed through several of the chairs. GERALD L. GOOD, proprietor of the only automobile establishment at Arcadia, known as the Good Garage, volunteered for service in the war in Company D, Sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteers and is now (1917) stationed at Youngstown, Ohio. He is a very enterprising young business man and a capable machinist and mechanic. He was born on his father's farm near Arcadia in 1895, a son of O. V. and Sarah L. (Narragang) Good. He lived at home, working on the farm in the summer and attending the Arcadia public schools. After he was twelve years of age he worked steadily on the farm every summer and also had considerable experience as a steam traction engineer. At the age of sixteen he began to work steadily on the home place and at eighteen went to Toledo and served' 11/% years as a machinist in the Nagel. Machine Company. For the following two years he worked for an engineering contracting firm at Detroit and then for seven months was employed at Findlay. He then resumed his place on his father's farm, but in December, 1916, invested his modest capital and established the only, garage in Arcadia. He has modern equipment and is rendering efficient service. On March 25, 1915, Mr. Good married Cynthia Cornelius, of Fostoria. Their happy married life continued only six months, until Mrs. Good passed away August 14, 1915. Politically Mr. Good is a republican. JUDGE EMMETT L. SAVAGE, judge of the Court of Common Pleas of .Paulding County, has been active in his profession as a lawyer for twenty years. His life has been spent in Paulding County and he represents one of the old and prominent families of this section. He was born in that county April 18, 1872, a son of Wesley A. and Annie (Shafer) Savage,. the former a native of Defiance County and the latter born near Monroeville, Indiana. Wesley A. Savage, who died in Paulding County, had lived there since 1852. He and 2206 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Thomas Emery, attorney, late of New York City, were joint proprietors of a newspaper at Paulding up to 1875. Most of hiS active career was spent in merchandising. He was a grocer, and afterwards for sixteen years conducted a large hardware store at Paulding. Through these various business enterprises he made a more than ordinary success, and is also widely known as a citizen, having the complete confidence of the people with whom his business transactions have been so long and satisfactory. During President Cleveland's administration he served as postmaster of Paulding from 1885 to 1889. Of the .five children four are still living, Judge Savage being the oldest. He acquired a liberal education, and as a boy he assisted his father in the grocery store, but in 1889 entered Wooster College, graduating with the class of 1893. He completed his law course in Harvard University, receiving the degree LL.B. in 1894, and he began active. practice at Paulding in 1897. Judge Savage served as prosecuting attorney of Paulding County during 1913-14, and he owes his present office as judge of the Common Pleas Court to appointment from governor Cox. He has always been a stanch democrat and his administration of the judicial office has justified all the expectations entertained by his large personal following. Judge Savage is a member of the Phi Gamma . Delta college fraternity and is also a member of the Masonic Order. On August 9, 1898, he married Miss Sadie Campion, daughter of Thomas J. Campion. Her parents were both Scotch people. FRANK T. CAMPBELL, present postmaster of Marion, represents a family that has been identified with this section of Northwest Ohio for over eighty years. His grandfather, Francis Campbell, of Scotch-Irish ancestry and a native of County Donegal, Ireland, came to the United States in 1828 and settled in Marion County in 1834. He was here among the pioneers and acquired a portion of his land direct from the Government. He developed a farm and died in Marion, Ohio, in 1885. Thomas H. Campbell, father of the post-Master, was born and died, in the same house near Marion. His birth occurred June 16, 1842, and he died in May, 1910. He began life in modest circumstances and as a farmer and stock raiser made a success and at the time of his death owned 224 acres of Marion County land. He was a democrat in politics. April 8, 1870, at Marion, Thomas H. Campbell married Mary Walters. She was born at Marion January 18, 1851, and is still living. Her father, David Walters, was a. native of Wales and was also among the early settlers of Marion County. Mrs. Campbell is the mother of four children:: Frank T. ; Fray D., who lives' at the old farm with her mother; James E., also on the old homestead ; and Mary E., wife of Isaac Snyder, their home being a mile east of Marion. Frank T. Campbell was born at Marion October 6, 1871, and spent his active younger years on the farm. While growing up in the country he attended the local schools and also the city schools of Marion and afterwards the Marion Business College. He became one of the leading young farmers in the county and continued that vocation until 1913, since which year he has lived in the City of Marion. His appointment as postmaster was dated September 8, 1913, and he has since given all his time to the faithful and efficient discharge of his responsibilities in that position. Mr. Campbell married August 24, 1893, Catherine S. Hoch. She was born at Prospect, Ohio, and her father, Charles Hoch, was a native of Germany and moved to Marion County, Ohio, in the early '50s. He was a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell have one son, Carl T., born May 9, 1905, and now attending the grammar schools in Marion. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell are members of the Lutheran Church. He is a democrat in politics and has wielded a strong influence in the party in his home county for a number of years. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and Knights of Pythias. JOHN WILLIAM LEWIS JR. is president and general manager of The Lion Dry Goods Company of Toledo, is president of The Fair Store Company and vice president of The McAlpin Company, both of Cincinnati, and is general supervisor of The Central District Stores of the Mercantile Stores Corporation of New York. His supervision extends to Central District stores in five cities, including The Lion Dry Goods Company of Toledo, The McAlpin Company and the Fair Stores Company of Cincinnati, the J. Bacon & Sons of Louisville, Kentucky, and the Root Dry Goods Company at Terre Haute, Indiana, and the' Spring Dry Goods Company of Grand Rapids, Michigan. HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2207 It is superfluous, after reading over the above, to say that Mr. Lewis is one of the foremost merchants of the Middle West. The responsibilities indicated would be a heavy burden to any man. It is well known that if a man desires to live and handle a large weight at ease and without .strain it is necessary to begin practice with smaller weights and keep it up persistently day after day. In practicing with the burdens of business responsibilities few men have been more faithful, energetic and persistent than John William Lewis Jr. A fact that should be stated at the beginning is that he is still a young man, though old in business experience. He is now in his thirty-seventh year. It is a far cry from his present position to the humble employment of his boyhood. When asked for information as to the various incidents in his business progress, Mr. Lewis replied that they were too numerous to mention. However, he did enumerate some of the first tasks to which he applied himself and which undoubtedly gave him the foundation of his business training. These preliminary successive experiences were recalled as follows : selling newspapers, carrying telegrams, driving a grocery wagon, operating a hand press in a brick, yard, working in a steam laundry, work in a clothing store, and work in a dry goods or department store. There are many men who may be called self made, but few might take more satisfaction in what they have 'accomplished through their own unaided efforts than John William Lewis Jr. He was born August 21, 1879, at Hopkinsville, Christian County, Kentucky. While experience and practice have Undoubtedly shaped and moulded his career toward success Mr. Lewis finds occasion to render a splendid tribute to his mother, who he says was a genuine mother in the fullest sense of that term, and undoubtedly he credits her with many of the influences which have guided and benefited his own career. Her maiden name was Lucy Donaldson, and she died at Louisville, Kentucky, December 9, 1914. His father is the Rev. John William Lewis, who will soon complete his fiftieth year in the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In the early days he was an itinerant Methodist preacher, was several times a member of the General Conference of his branch of Methodism and was twice a delegate to the Ecumenical Conference. John William Lewis Jr. attended public schools in the various places where his father was minister and his education, so far as books and schools were concerned, came to a close when he was fourteen. Needless to say he is not a college man and does not boast of a college degree. By hard work, by the application of honesty to his conduct he made himself fit for increased responsibility with increasing years and when he came to Toledo October 7, 1904, it was to assume the position of vice-president and general manager of The Lion Dry Goods Company. Then in 1908 he was made president and general manager, and is now busied with the tremendous responsibilities of the numerous companies and establishments above mentioned. In fact, he spends more than two-thirds of his time outside of Toledo looking after the stores in other cities. For four terms Mr. Lewis was president of the Retail Merchants Board of the Toledo Commerce Club. He is a trustee of the Young Men's Christian Association of Toledo, is a member of the Toledo Club, the Inverness Club and the Toledo Yacht Club, and with all his business cares he finds time for active membership in St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he is a steward. On October 10, 1910, at Covington, Kentucky, Mr. Lewis married Miss Laura Frances Bowe, who was born and educated in Toledo, a daughter of Mrs. A. M. Bowe of that city. They have one daughter, Laura Lucile Lewis, who was born at Toledo. NATHAN D. PATTERSON. The residence of Nathan D. Patterson in Wood County has covered a period of sixty-five years, with the exception of the three years which he spent as a soldier of the Union during the Civil war. In this long period he has been engaged principally in successful stockraising and general farming operations, and his career has been crowned by the kind of success that is given only to those who have led lives of industry and integrity. During the past twenty years Mr. Patterson has made his home at Weston, where he is highly regarded as a substantial, useful and public-spirited citizen. Nathan D. Patterson was born in Chautauqua County, New York, September 4, 1838, and is of Scotch descent, a son of Nathan D. and Polly (Judd) Patterson, natives of Canada. After their marriage Mr. Patter-son's parents came to the United States and 2208 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO settled in Chautauqua County, New York, where, on a farm, were born the following children : Mary M., of Mill Grove, Ohio, widow of Andrew Hall, who has two children ; Wilbur P. and Sarah, who are both married and have families ; William and Wilson, twins, the former of whom was killed accidentally in a horse race, and left a small family, and the latter also deceased, leaving several children ; Nathan D.; Sarah, who died after marriage, leaving no children. In 1841 the parents, with the above children, came to Lorain County, Ohio, where Mr. Patterson secured plenty of work at his trade, that of cabinet making; principally in the manufacture of chairs for the early settlers, but later removed to Perry Township, Wood County, locating on a farm among the pioneers of 1852. There they took up an unimproved farm, which they succeeded in developing into a valuable property, and on this land the worthy couple completed their lives, the father dying at the age of sixty-seven and the mother when seventy years old. Mr. Patterson was a good citizen of his community and a sturdy republican. He contented himself with his activities as a farmer and did not seek public office, but belonged to the class of men who have done so much to develop this section's resources and forward the advancement of its institutions. Nathan D. Patterson, the younger, was a child of three years when the family came to Ohio and the greater part of his education was secured in the country schools of Lorain County, although he came of age in Wood County. Here, in September, 1861, he enlisted for service for three years during the Civil war in Company B, Fifty-fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteers Infantry, Colonel J. C. Lee commanding, and went to the front with these organizations, participating in many hard-fought engagements. Among these was the spirited and bloody battle of Chancellorsville, where his captain, Sautter, was killed, and where Mr. Patterson himself sustained a wound. For a time he was connected with the Veteran Reserve Corps at Washington, D. C., but at the end of his enlistment, in September, 1864,- was honorably discharged and returned to Woad County. Here he followed the trade of carpenter, a vocation which he had learned in his youth, but after his marriage, in 1867, settled on a farm of 125 acres in Plain Township, which he developed into one of the most productive tracts in the locality. There he resided until 1897, when he sold his farm and came to Weston, where he now makes his home, having several valuable lots here. Mr. Patterson was married April 26, 1866, in Perry Township, Wood County, to Mary. Eleanor Stearnes, who was born in Montgomery Township, Wood County, May 23, 1844, and there reared and educated. She is a daughter of Justice and Eliza (Cross) Stearnes, the former born in Northwest Pennsylvania and the latter in Canada, and they were married in Wood County, where the mother died in 1850, when in Middle life. Later Mr. Stearnes married for his second wife Mary Hall, and they became farmers in Plain Township in May, 1887. Mr. Stearnes, who married four times and had children by three of his wives, died at Bowling Green, aged seventy-eight years, two months. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson have had the following children : Anna, who is the wife of A. U. Porter, a farmer of Milton Township, and has two children : Cyril and Kenneth ; Charles, a farmer of Weston, who married Lucy Aller, and has three children : Wayne, Raymond and Harold ; Blanche, who married Samuel Schwartz, of Jerry City, Ohio, and has five children : Mary, Lester, Lee, Wilbur and Nathan ; and Wilbur, who is a factory worker of Fremont, married Florence Meyers. Mr. Patterson has never forgotten his comrades who wore the blue uniform, and belongs to Niebling Post, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he was twice commander. With his wife,. he belongs to the Christian Church. He has served as trustee of his township two terms, and has always voted the republican ticket. Both he and his wife are held in the warmest regard by their neighbors and friends, and are profoundly respected by a wide circle of acquaintances. JOHN G. H. STEIN. When the lives of men who have met with success in their undertakings in any community are traced it will be found that each possesses in common some traits and qualities, among which are included perseverance, industry and determination. To these, as in the case of John G. H. Stein, president of the Pemberville Savings Bank and proprietor of a private bank at Stony Ridge, also in Wood County, are generally added sound judgment, unswerving integrity and a thorough appreciation of responsibility, these all combining to form a man of force, usefulness and capacity for undoubted HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2209 achievement. Pemberville is fortunate in having such a man in its midst, and doubly so in the fact that the finances of so important an institution as the one of which he is the head are in the hands of so capable a man. John G. H. Stein was born on a farm in Freedom Township, Wood County, near Pemberville; Ohio, June 13, 1881, and is a son of Herman H. and Sophia (Kieneker) Stein. His grandfather was Gearhard Stein, who was born, reared and educated in Hanover, Germany, where he met and married a young woman who was a native of the same locality, and, after the birth of four sons, Henry, William, Fred and Herman H., came to the United States. Leaving their native land. just before the outbreak of the Civil war, they took passage on a sailing vessel from Hamburg, which had a stormy trip consuming six weeks, but finally made port at New York, from whence the family came to Ohio and settled on a new farm in the vicinity of Pemberville, Wood County. There the grandparents rounded out long and useful lives as industrious agriculturists and faithful members of the Lutheran Church. Several years after their arrival, in the latter part of 1863, Henry Stein, the eldest son, enlisted as a private in the Twenty-first Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He suffered a sunstroke not long after joining, but continued to be with his regiment until the close of the Civil war and took part in its many engagements, conducting himself with signal bravery and fidelity. He died in the summer of 1917; in Colorado, leaving a widow and family. William, the second son, died in November, 1916, as a Wood County farmer, and he and his wife, who is also deceased, had three children. Fred, the third in order of 'birth, is now a retired farmer of Fostoria, Ohio, and has a family. Herman H. Stein was the fourth in order of birth, and the others, born in Wood County, Ohio, were ; Elizabeth ("Lizzie' who is the wife of Henry Bowman, of the Lake Shore Railroad, resides at Millbury, Ohio, and has children ; August, a resident of Wood County, who is a widower with a son and a daughter ; and Anna, who is the wife of Henry Baker, a farmer of Sandusky County, Ohio, and has two sons and one daughter. Herman H. Stein, father of John G. H. Stein, was born in Hanover, Germany, November 14, 1853, and was still a lad when brought to the United States. He grew up on a farm in Wood County, where he attended the public schools, and throughout his life has been engaged in the pursuits of the farm. In addition to general agricultural operations he engages extensively in the raising of livestock, particularly of horses of a high grade, and continues to be actively identified with his business at a time when many men have outgrown their usefulness and agility. He is prominent in his community as a substantial citizen who stands for the best principles of agriculture and for high standards of business, and in the discharge of his duties as a citizen has always endeavored to give his community his best services. Mr. Stein was married in Wood County to Sophia Kieneker, who was born in this county in 1858, and here reared and educated. She is a daughter of Henry and Mary (Hodlebrink) Kieneker, natives of Germany, who came to the United States as young people and met and were married in Wood County. They passed the rest of their lives here as farmers and stock-raisers, and were faithful members of the Lutheran Church. They had a large family and their descendants are to be found in various parts of Wood County and representative of honorable citizenship. John G. H. Stein is the only child of his parents. His father was married a second time, to Anna Krieger, who died leaving seven children: Fred, Sophia, August, and Maria, all married ; and Carrie, Edith and Lydia, single, the last-named of whom is a teacher in the public schools of Wood County. For his third wife Herman H. Stein married Mrs. John Hagemeyer, and they have no children. All the members of this family belong to the Lutheran Church. Mr. Stein is a democrat. The education of John G. H. Stein was commenced in the country schools of Freedom Township and completed at the Davis Business College. of Toledo, and until he was twenty-seven years of age he gave his services to his father on the home farm. At that time he began his experiences in the banking line, and three years later became the founder of a private bank at Stony Ridge, a community in Wood County, ten miles from Pemberville. He is still the owner of that bank, which has a capital of $5,000, acting in the capacity of president, with A: E. Herkman as cashier. This bank is in excellent condition, and the fact that it has in the neighborhood of $100,000 in deposits is indicative of the amount of business done as well as of the young president's ability and the confidence in which he is held. Mr. Stein had come to Pemberville 2210 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO in March, 1908, and here assisted in the founding of the Pemberville Savings Bank, which was capitalized at $25,000, with himself as president, a position which he has held since that time. The first vice president is W. H. Siek, and the second vice president, Fred Beeker. C. Dewyer, now engaged as a real estate operator at Pemberville, was cashier until 1913, when he was succeeded by H. C. Hohls, a young man of superior ability as a banker and of a likable personality. On July 24, 1917, near Port Clinton, Mr. Hohls was of a party of six who were killed outright in a collision between an automobile and a train. L. H. Kohring succeeded Mr. Hohls in the cashiership, he having formerly been assistant cashier. The Pemberville Savings Bank is located in the midst of a rich and prosperous farming community, and is a live institution, with its specially built banking house situated on Front Street. Its directors are : William Dierksheide, Henry Nieman, A. E. Heckman, L. D. Mercer, J. G. H. Stein and Herman Heckman. It now has resources of more than $368,000, as shown in a condensed statement as to its condition, issued at the close of business March 5, 1917: Resources : Loans on Real Estate, $28,005.99 ; Loans on Collateral, $3,870.85; Other Loans and Discounts, $144,186.35 ; Overdrafts, $118.95 ; State, County and Municipal Bonds, not included in Reserve, $83,242.68 ; Furniture and Fixtures, $1,100.00 ; Cash Items, $2,000.00 ; Items in Transit, $5,468.10 ; Expenses, Interest and Taxes Paid, $2,666.64; and Cash in Vaults and Other Banks, $98,225.09. Liabilities, Capital Stock Paid In, $12,500.00 ; Surplus Fund, $2,200.00 ; Undivided Profits, $2,604.37 ; Cash aver, $10.77 ; and Deposits, $427,000. The Pemberville Savings Bank has its deposits insured by The American Guaranty Company, of Columbus, Ohio, which has issued a bond to this bank, guaranteeing to each depositor the return of his money. This company is incorporated under the stringent insurance laws of Ohio, and must have on deposit at all times with the State Treasurer of Ohio a reserve fund as required by law, to protect the bond issued to this bank. The Surety Company is not only examined by the examiner of the state in which it is, chartered, but is also subject to examination by every state in which it does business. During the decade of years that Mr. Stein has figured prominently in financial matters of Wood County he has proven his ability as a banker and his worth as a man. Upon no other class do the responsibilities of a community rest as heavily as they do upon the shoulders of the men in whose capable hands lie the reins of finance. As the banks of a community are, so is the community itself—so does it prosper or so does it sink into decay. The very life of the country depends upon the strength and probity of those who control, the financial institutions of the land. Every man is not fitted by nature and training to assume the duties pertaining to a banking career, so that it is a self evident fact that when a man makes a success in this kind of work he must be possessed of unusual ability and strict probity of characters. Mr. Stein married in Wood County Miss Anna M. Heckman, who was born and educated in this county. She is of German ancestry, being a daughter of Herman and Mary (Blasey) Heckman, the former born in Ohio and the latter in Germany. She came to this country in young girlhood, and after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Heckman settled down on a farm in Wood County, where they still reside, being highly esteemed people of Freedom Township, the owners of a valuable farm, and faithful members of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Heckman is a democrat. Mr. and Mrs. Stein are the parents of two children : Leonard H., who is in the eighth grade of the public schools at Pemberville ; and Laurene Maria, who is four years old. The family holds membership in the Lutheran Church. Politically a leading democrat of his locality, Mr. Stein has served as a member of the city council for some years. FRANK L. MOYER, veterinary surgeon, is one of the leaders in his profession in Northwest Ohio and practices over an area of four counties around Carey, which is his home. Doctor Moyer was born on a farm at Lovell in Wyandot County, Ohio, March 26, 1883, a son of Cornelius and Emma (Walborn) Moyer. He is of German ancestry on both sides and all the generations have furnished farmers in the main. The Moyer family on coming from Germany first settled in Pennsylvania. In 1865 they came to Bucyrus, Ohio, and two years later located in Crawford Township of Wyandot County, where they cleared their own land and developed a home. Cornelius Moyer 's brother Martin, who is now ninety-four years of age, was a soldier in the Civil war. Cornelius Moyer and wife are still living, being retired at Carey. Doctor Moyer attended the district schools HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2211 in Crawford Township, and at the age of fourteen entered the Carey High School, .where he spent two years. He graduated in the normal course and received a certificate -but never taught. From an early age he worked on the honk farm and after leaving school he spent five years as a practical farmer. He was-fond of animals and while on the farm made considerable study along the lines of practical veterinary surgery, and in 1905 entered the State University, where he pursued the veterinary course and received his certificate in 1908. Since then he has practiced his profession with home and office at Carey. The four counties embraced in his professional territory are Hancock,. Hardin, Seneca and Wyandot. Doctor Moyer is also a stockholder in the Fisher-Fitzgerald Serum Company at Reynoldsburg, Ohio. Doctor Moyer is a democrat and a member of the English Lutheran Church. On August 8, 1910, he married Miss Daisy Ryder, daughter of Aaron and Barbara (Musselman) Ryder, of Carey. They have two children : Maurine Y., born April 26, 1913 ; and Blaine Darrell, born April 13, 1917. Mr. Moyer is a member of Justice Lodge No. 393, Knights of Pythias, of Carey, Ohio. JOHN DICKINSON RHOADES LAMSON was born in Elbridge, New York, June 23, 1859, and died in Toledo, Ohio, July 22, 1915, and was past fifty-six years of age at the time of his death. All his active career was spent in merchandising for which he had manifest inclinations and talent from 'youth up., He learned the business in his native town, from there went to Syracuse, New York, and gained wider experience as an employe in one of the city's largest retail establishments. In 1885 he came to Toledo to join his brother Julius G. Lamson and with him engaged in the dry goods business under the firm name of Lamson Brothers. In 1889, Mr. C. E. B. Lamson, who had formerly lived in Toledo and had a large acquaintance there, came from Columbus, Ohio, and joined the firm. In 1905 the firm was incorporated as The Lamson Brothers Company.' Mr. Lamson had been vice-president of this company from its incorporation in 1905 until his death. He was also at the time of his death vice-president and a director of The Commercial Savings Bank and Trust Company of Toledo. For a number of years he served as president and director of the Young Men's Christian Association, and for one term was president of the Toledo Baptist Union. He was a prominent member, of the Ashland Avenue Baptist Church and for several years served as superintendent of its Sunday School. He was a member of Sanford L. Collins Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and of St. Omar Commandery No. 57, Knight Templars, and also belonged to the National. Union and the Royal Arcanum. Of his father's family there survives two older brothers, Julius G. Lamson and C. E. B. Lamson, with whom he was associated in business at Toledo, and one sister, Miss Mary A. of Toledo. Mrs. Lamson, his widow, survives and also a daughter and three sons : Mrs. M. S. Ramsayer ; Charles M., of Grand Rapids, Ohio ; Robert J., of Perrysburg, Ohio ; and Harold E., of Toledo, Ohio. There are also five grandchildren. The Lamson Dry Goods Store at Toledo, in the upbuilding of which Mr. Lamson played so important a part, is noteworthy not only for its size and completeness, but also for certain characteristics of its inner workings and life. It has frequently been pointed out as a model for the high .standard prevailing among the employees and for the general consideration paid to all employees. Practically all of the about three hundred seventy-five- regular employees of this concern have devoted years of faithful service to the company and have assumed more than temporary interest in the business because of assurance of continued employment. It was because these employees all felt a personal interest in Mr. Lamson and on aceount of his extensive relation with the city's business and civic life that the family yielded to the public regard and allowed the funeral to be conducted as a public ceremony. LANK M. SMITH. One of the best known newspaper men of Crawford County, Ohio, is Lank M. Smith, principal owner and director of the Bucyrus Publishing Company and an active leader in the democratic party in this section. He has been a resident of Bucyrus since 1898 and since then has been particularly interested in what is now one of the leading journals here and the party organ in the county, issued under the name of the News-Forum. Lank M. Smith was born in Lykens Township, Crawford County, Ohio, September 1, 1868, and is a son of Frederick and Lucy Ann (Shupp) Smith. Frederick Smith was born in Saxony, Germany, and after coming to the 2212 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO United States lived for a time at Columbus, Ohio, and in 1840 came to Crawford. County. He did contract work on the old National Turnpike and afterward purchased a section of land in Lykens Township, all of which, through his efforts, was brought under a high state of cultivation. He was twice married, his first wife bearing the name of Christina Tipman, who was a native of Saxony, Germany, and died in 1846. She left four children, namely : Louis F., who, during life, served as justice of the peace and notary public ; John F., who was .a farmer in Lykens Township ; Adolph G., who was a contractor and lived at Aurora, Illinois ; and Clara, who is the widow of Joseph Laipply, of Bucyrus. The second marriage of Frederick Smith was to Lucy Ann Shupp, a daughter of Michael Shupp, who was a pioneer from Pennsylvania to Crawford County. She was born June 3, 1830, and died in 1891, the mother of the following children : Cornelius, who is a resident of Bucyrus ; Matilda., who is deceased ; Catherine, who married Jacob Meck, of Holmes Township ; Frederick, who is a business man of Bucyrus ; Henry, who is a farmer in Holmes Township ; Lucy Ann, who is deceased ; Jefferson I. ; Emma J., who married Abraham Scheifer, of Lykens Township ; Lank M. ; and Sarepta, who is the wile of C. H. Flickinger, of Holmes Township. The father of the above family was a man of prominence in Crawford County, served as town clerk for a number of years, was a member of the school board and belonged to the Grange, and was a justice of the peace continuously from 1862 until his death, December 31, 1877, when aged sixty-one years. Lank M. Smith spent his early life on the home farm and attended the district schools and probably until he was nine years old had never passed an unquiet moment. But the death of one's father makes a great deal of difference, and in a few years after that, when sixteen, he began life on his own responsibility., His brother was a country merchant and he assisted in the store for a time and then determined to re-enter school and later attended the Bucyrus High School and also a business college at Mansfield and following his graduation was connected with business houses until 1891, when he bought an interest in the New Washington Herald, and while there assisted his brother, who was deputy county auditor. In 1898 Mr. Smith came to Bucyrus and as a business proposition, bought an interest in the Crawford County News. He had previously proved his business ability and became business manager of this enterprise and brought it to so much prosperity that the old party organ, the Forum, consented to consolidate with them (daily and semi-weekly editions) and the consolidation resulted in the News-Forum. Mr. Smith brought about many changes and reforms and brought the business into the field of modern newspaper making. In 1912 the company installed a Goss Comet. Perfecting press. The policy of the paper was also changed, party bitterness and acrimonious discussion -being eliminated, and more popularity and support has come because of this change. Mr. Smith, as mentioned above, is a leading factor in democratic circles and has served his party in numerous capacities. For a number of terms he was chairman of the democratic executive committee, was a member of the democratic state executive committee one term, and in 1908 was appointed a member of the Ohio Board of Penitentiary Managers by Gov. A. L. Harris, where his business ability was used to the advantage of that institution. Locally he has always been public spirited. Mr. Smith was married in March, 1892, at New Washington, Ohio, to Miss Bessie Sexauer, a daughter of Frederick and Mary (Zeigler) Sexauer, both of whom were born at Baden, Germany, and came to the United States in 1827. They located at Sulphur Springs, Crawford County, and there Mr. Sexauer died, his widow subsequently marrying J. G. Kinninger, who, with his stepson, C. F. Sexauer, conducted a carriage shop there for many years. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. Smith was Dr. G. L. Zeigler, one of the pioneer physicians in Ohio. Mrs. Smith died May 12, 1917. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which Mr. Smith was also reared. There were no children born of this marriage. Fraternally Mr. Smith is identified with the Elks and the Knights of Pythias. He is a man of character and a truly representative business man of this city. HENRY NIEMAN. Among the business houses of Wood County which have been in existence for many years and which, through the honorable policy of their proprietors, have attained success and reputation, is that of Henry Nieman, well known in furniture and undertaking circles. Established. at Pember- HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2213 ville in August, 1892, during the quarter of a century, of its life this house has maintained a high reputation in business circles, and its proprietor at the same time has shown his worth to the community as a citizen. Mr. Nieman was born at Toledo, Ohio, October 17, 1867, and is a son of Louis and Louisa (Meyers) Nieman. The paternal and maternal grandparents of Henry Nieman were born in Germany and both families located as pioneers in Woodville Township, Wood County, where their first homes were built in primitive style, without the use of nails and included only the absolute necessities. From the wilds they saw the country develop, and with the passing of the years their resources increased and they were able to secure some of the comforts of life, although the paternal grandparents of Mr. Nieman, John Nieman and his wife, did not live long after coming to this country dying in middle life. Louis Nieman grew up in Woodville Township, in a good Lutheran home, and was reared as a farmer boy, farming being his location for some years. Later he moved to the Village of Woodville, where he bought an interest in the furniture and undertaking business of M. C. Veh, who was his partner for several years but eventually sold out to Mr. Nieman, who conducted the business successfully until his death, August 2, 1903. Louis Nieman was a man of unassuming manner, and won and retained friends. His sterling honesty and rigid uprightness of purpose made him trusted by all who knew him, and his keen business sense rendered him valuable in any line in which he chose to direct his efforts. He married Louisa Meyers, a native of the same locality as her husband and a daughter of John G. and Catherine (Klein) Meyers, natives of Germany, who were married in Hanover. From their native land they came to the United States in a sailing vessel, and after a long and perilous voyage reached port at New York, from whence they migrated as pioneers to Ohio and made their first home in the wilds. The father lived to accumulate and enjoy a substantial competence and passed away when seventy, two years, in the faith of the Lutheran Church, of which Mrs. Meyers, who died at the age of past eighty, was also a member. Like the Nieman family, the Meyers were democrats. Louise (Meyers) Nieman, the mother of Henry Nieman, died in Woodville in 1911; being about sixty-seven or sixty-eight year of age. She was a devout mem- Vol. III-56 ber of the Lutheran Church who lived her faith every day, and a woman of many fine qualities of character, a faithful wife and a devoted mother. There were two sons in the family : Henry ; and Charles, deceased, whose widow and daughter, Helen, now live at Woodville. Henry Nieman was still a small boy when his parents removed from the City of Toledo to their farm in Woodville Township, Sandusky County, and spent some years on the farm, learning the business of agriculture and attending the district schools. Farming, however, was not destined to be his vocation in life, for when he was still a young man the family left the farm, and Henry Nieman and his brother Charles came to Pemberville, where they engaged in a furniture and undertaking business. They remained together until 1903, when Charles went to Woodville to take charge of the business left without a head by their father's death, and when Charles died, in 1909, Henry Nieman became sole owner of the business at Woodville. In the meantime the enterprise that had been founded at Pemberville, in August, 1892, had grown to large proportions, and today is accounted one of the leading establishments of the city. Mr. Nieman has a large store room, twenty-four by seventy feet, using two stories of the building, and here carries a complete line of the most up-to-date furniture, including the most artistic designs and a wide range in price, material and variety. In addition he has his store arranged in an attractive way, with modern fittings. The undertaking department includes the latest burial supplies known to the business, with every facility for the proper and reverent handling of the dead, and during the last two years Mr. Nieman has used an automobile funeral car. Mr. Nieman married Miss Mary Schiller, who was born at Aurora, Indiana, of German parentage. Her father, George Schiller, died at Aurora when past seventy years of age, a Lutheran and a democrat. Mrs. Schiller, who was formerly Margaret Mohrmiller, is still living at the age of eighty-nine years, making her home, with her son-in-law, Mr. Nieman. She is still active in body and alert in mind and takes a keen interest in all that goes on about her and particularly in the movements and work of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Nieman died February 25, 1913, the mother of the following children : Clarence, who, like the other children, was given a good education, is single, and now conducting his 2214 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO father's business at Woodville ; Louisa and Esther, graduates of Pemberville High School and residing with their father ; Luther, sixteen years old and attending the Woodville Normal School; and Mary E., aged seven years. Mr. Nieman married for his second wife Elizabeth Schiller, a sister of his first wife. The family belongs to the German Lutheran Church, in which Mr. Nieman is an elder. He is in politics a democrat, has served one term as a member of the city council, and in various ways has contributed to his community's growth and welfare. WILLIAM JONES is a prominent old time farmer and veteran Union soldier of Swanton Township in Lucas County. He is now retired from the active responsibilities of farm life and is living on his old homestead with his children grouped community like around him on adjoining farms. His home is a mile and a half east of Swanton Village. A native of England, William Jones was born at Shrewsbury in 1844, a son of Henry and Elizabeth (Lloyd) Jones. The family came to the United States in 1845. Henry Jones was head miller for the big milling firm of Forsythe, .operating several big mills at. Maumee and other places. Henry 'Jones died about 1856 and his widow survived until 1906, when she was eighty-five years of age. William Jones has one brother, Henry, who 'is living in Seattle, Washington. After the death of the father the mother married George Allen, a pioneer settler of Monclova, Ohio. William Jones was reared on the old Allen farm at Monclova and was still a boy when the war broke out between the North and the South and he answered the call of arms. In 1862 he enlisted in Company K of the One Hundred and Eleventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry and was with the Army of' Ohio until the close of hostilities. Among other battles he participated in the siege of Knoxville and was also at the battle of., Franklin, Tennessee, toward the close of the war. On receiving his honorable discharge froth the army he returned to. Monclova and remained on the farm there until 1888. Mr. Jones then bought a place of his .own 'comprising 161 acres in Swanton Township. That has been the scene of his energetic efforts and successful management down to the present time. He compounded his success by irrksting in additional lands and now he owns about 340 acres. Since 1908 he has been re tired and has rented his farm. Mr. Jones is a republican without any aspirations for local office. He married Telenah R. Barton, a daughter of John Barton, of Cambridge, Guernsey County, Ohio. Mrs. Jones is now deceased. The son, George A., also deceased, was an express messenger on the Clover Leaf Railroad. He married Mary Murray, but left no children. Lloyd is a farmer in Swanton Township. He married. Millie Scott and has a son, Ralph. Wilbur is also a Swanton Township farmer. He married Bertha Snyder. Lizzie May is still living at home with her father. Elwood is a rural mail carrier and owns a farm in Swanton Township. He married Doris Harris and is the father of a son named Harris E. Jessie is the wife of George G. Fetterman, who is a rural mail carrier and lives on a farm adjoining Mr.. Jones. They have three children : Norma, Lena and Barton. Mr. Jones is an honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic. Fraternally he is affiliated with Northern light Lodge of Masons at Maumee. CLAUDE R. WILLIAMS. Biography relates countless instances of men who have attained more than the usual measure of success, who, beginning at the bottom of life's ladder, have worked themselves to the top without outside assistance. Such men possess certain peculiar qualities, and, in order to have accomplished what they have, it has been necessary for them to be self reliant, capable, honorable and energetic. Through patient utilization of whatever opportunities have come their 'way these men of all climes and ages have distanced their associates and become leaders instead of workers in the ranks of the industrial army. Northwest Ohio has for many years been the field of operation of many aggressively successful men, and one who essentially belongs to this class, as a representative of the smaller cities, is Claude R. Williams, general merchant, oil operator and good citizen of Pemberville. Claude R. Williams was born in Eastern Ohio, September 13, 1876, but was reared in Western Pennsylvania, whence he was taken as a lad by his parents, Samuel and Elma E. (Ross) Williams. The family is an old one in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, where Samuel Williams was born in January, 1834. He was reared in that community and became a pioneer oil than, being identified with the HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2215 opening of the second oil well sunk in the Pennsylvania field. Later he removed to Ashtabula County, Ohio, and for some years engaged in farming, which he also followed to some extent after his return to his native state. Mr. Williams had the oil in his blood, however, and on his return to Ohio, in 1892, at once re-entered that business at Pemberville, sinking wells and producing oil as long as he was able, and only retiring when he had long passed man's allotted three score and ten years. His death occurred at Hart, Michigan, September 13, 1913, and his widow, whom he married in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, lives in Illinois, and is seventy-eight years of age and still bright and alert in mind, although somewhat impaired as to bodily energy by the weight of her years. She is a faithful member of the Methodist Church. Her husband was a Presbyterian and was a republican in his political alliance. Of their eight sons, seven are living and the heads of families, and Claude R. is the next to the' last in order of birth. Claude R. Williams was educated in the public schools of Western Pennsylvania, and was a lad of fifteen years when he came back to Ohio with his parents and settled in the locality of Pemberville. Here, with his father, he became interested in the oil fields, and from that day to this he has been connected in one or another way in the industry. For a number of years he followed this kind of work in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, and at this time is a producer in the North Lima field, where he has a valuable and paying property. About the year 1907 Mr. Williams settled permanently at Pemberville, where he formed a partnership with Fred H. Taulker, under the style of Taulker & Williams, proprietors of a general store business which had been founded here thirty years before. This partnership continued until Mr. Taulker left the concern to engage in a garage and automobile business, at which time Mr. Williams took over the entire enterprise. He has a large store, thirty-two by eighty feet, with a commodious warehouse in the rear, free from the main building, and carries a full line of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, notions, and other articles to be found in a first-class store of this nature in the smaller cities: He is also an extensive buyer of wool and clover seed. Through honorable business methods he has attracted and held a large village and country trade, which is increasing annually under his excellent management. Aggressive methods, keen insight into commercial conditions, and a thorough and far-reaching appreciation of the needs of the trade are characteristics which have developed Mr. Williams into a successful factor in the business life of his community. He has worked hard for his success and deserves it in every way, and in its gaining has done nothing to put a blemish upon a clean record of transactions. Mr. Williams married at Pemberville Miss Edith Stamman, who was born at Toledo, Ohio, September 3, 1875, a daughter of natives of Germany, both of whom died when past sixty years of age, in the faith of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Williams was reared at Pemberville, where she attended the graded' and high schools, and is a lady of education, culture and refinement, and popular in the community of her home. Mr. and Mrs. Williams are members of the Presbyterian Church, in which both have been active, Mr. Williams having been a trustee for many years, and now a teacher in and assistant superintendent of the Sunday School. Both are also members of the choir. He is a republican in politics and is prominent in fraternal life. He is a member of De Molai Tent No. 211; Knights of the Maccabees; a member of Pemberville Lodge No. 516, Free and Accepted Masons ; Bowling Green Chapter No., 157, Royal Arch Masons; Fostoria Council, Royal and Select Masters, No. 90 ; and Toledo Commandery No. 7, Knight Templars. He is a Scottish Rite Mason, belonging to Toledo Consistory, thirty-second degree and a member of Barton Smith Jubilee Class. He has held the various offices in his lodge and is very popular with his fellow-members. He is vice, president of the Pemberville Commercial Club and is a member of the Board of Health. CHARLES F. DANIEL, M. D., is a successful medical practitioner in Tiffin, specializing in surgery; for which he has shown great skill and talent. He has formed many useful and influential associations both in and outside of his profession, and is one of the well known citizens of Seneca County. His birth occurred in Seneca County, January 12, 1880. His parents, Valentine and Margaret (Miller) Daniel, were both born in Germany. Valentine Daniel was born in 1834, came to America in 1853, working as a day laborer for several years at Sandusky, and afterwards from the accumulations of his thrift, bought a farm in Seneca County. He 2216 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO spent his last few years retired in Tiffin, where he died in 1910. He was a democrat and filled various township offices and he and his family were members of the Catholic Church. His wife, Margaret Miller, was born in 1840 and is still living at Tiffin. They were married in Sandusky, Erie County, Ohio. Of their twelve children ten are living and Doctor Daniel is the seventh son. Doctor Daniel completed his literary education in St. Joseph's College at Rensselaer, Indiana, and from there entered the Starling Medical College at Columbus, where he graduated M. D. in 1907. For the past ten years he has been looking after a growing practice at Tiffin. Several times he has attended Mayo clinics at Rochester, Minnesota, and is a constant student of his work, especially along the lines of surgery. He is a member of the Seneca County and the Ohio State Medical societies, the American Medical Association, and is now regimental surgeon of the local district in the Knights of St. John. He also belongs to the Knights of Columbus and he and his family are active members of St. Joseph's Catholic Church. In 1910 Doctor Daniel married Miss Olga Hierholzer, of Celina, Ohio. Her father, Conrad Hierholzer, who was born in Seneca County, moved to Mercer County, Ohio, when ten years of age and followed farming until after his marriage. He then engaged in the mercantile business at Celina and is now president of the Commercial Bank of that city. Doctor and Mrs. Daniel have four children : Ruth; Mildred, Gerard and Walter. DR. F. M. FRAZIER, LL. D. It is not unusual to find a man eminent in one profession, but when he is found proficient in another it becomes a matter of respectful admiration, for all men are not so gifted. Medicine and law, both sciences, have, perhaps, to those understanding them, principles in common, but it seems more probable that a versatile mind, not satisfied with legal acquirements alone, turns to the other profession, for it has entirely different methods of probing the mysteries of human life. The subject of this sketch may be mentioned in this connection. At present he is practicing both law and medicine at Bryan, Ohio, and some years since was a prominent and able member of the bar of Indiana and Iowa and in many parts of Indiana is also recalled with respect as a thorough and popular educator. Dr. F. M. Frazier was born August 20, 1857, in Blackford County, of sturdy agricultural parents, he being the third of six boys. He remained on the farm with his parents and brothers until twenty-seven years old; in the mean time attending the country school at Dundee, Indiana, and later Ridgeville College, the M. E. College and the Northern Indiana University, Valparaiso, Indiana. This training prepared him for teaching and for eight years during the above period he taught in the country schools and as superintendent of the Montpelier, Indiana, High School. During vacation he attended colleges as above, and in 1882 he entered the law department of the Northern Indiana University, Valparaiso, Indiana, from which he was graduated May 29, 1884. He then turned his attention for some years to the law of contracts, becoming traveling collector for two large implement concerns, being in Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri, North and South Dakota and other parts of the North and West. In the meanwhile he had been preparing for a medical course and entered the medical department of Taylor University, Fort Wayne, Indiana, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of M. D. on March 10, 1891. On December 30, 1891, Doctor Frazier moved to Williams County, Ohio, and engaged in the practice of medicine, specializing in diseases of the eye and digestion. On July 1, 1892, Doctor Frazier was married to Emma S. Back, to whom have been born four children, two girls and two boys, of whom one died in infancy ; the three living are, namely : Edna C., who is a graduate of the Bryan, Ohio, High School and of the Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Michigan, and is now an instructor of home economics in the high schools of Detroit, Michigan ; Helen R., who is a graduate of the Bryan, Ohio, High Schools and at present a student of the Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Michigan ; Sherman M., who is a graduate of the Bryan High Schools, is now a member of Company B, Fifth Battalion, United States Signal Corps. On August 10, 1905, the doctor was nominated on the republican ticket for probate judge of Williams County, Ohio, and on November 7th following was elected and served in that capacity for seven years. While in office he devised and executed a new index system, the most complete, simple and useful ever in the state. His activities have covered many lines and HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2217 his success is what he has achieved. He is a man of very strong personalities and that kind make the most devoted friends and some enemies, but all must respect them for their worth. Doctor Frazier's family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is identified fraternally with the "Knights of Pythias. FREDERICK CLARK AVERILL, who has been a member of the Toledo bar since 1901, is a member of an old and well known family of Perrysburg, where he has his summer home. The family originally came from New England. His father, Henry E. Averill, was for many years a prominent lawyer at Toledo with his residence at Perrysburg. He was affiliated with the Society of Sons of the American Revolution of Connecticut. Henry E. Averill married Julia M. Dodge. Frederick Clark Averill was born at St. Louis, Missouri, December 25, 1875, but was reared and educated at Perrysburg, Ohio. From the high school of that city he entered the University of Michigan, where he graduated Bachelor of Philosophy, and he holds the degrees of Master of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from Columbia University. He is distinguished as a lover of books and literature and takes a great interest in the Way Library, which was given to Perrysburg through the generosity of the late Willard V. Way, and of which he is secretary of the board of managers. It' is an unusually well equipped library for one of the smaller towns. Mr. Averill was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1901 and has since been in active practice at Toledo, member of the firm Averill & Dodd. His associate in practice is Martin S. Dodd. The offices of the firm are in the Spitzer Building. Mr. Averill, who is unmarried, is a trustee of the Presbyterian Church of Perrysburg, one of the oldest religious organizations in Northwest Ohio. IRA L. CRAW. It is a well confirmed fact that many of the individuals who have made their influence felt in the world and whose capable forcefulness has made a contributing factor to the prestige of the communities in which they have seen to locate are those who have depended entirely or in a large part upon their own resources. The fact that they have chosen to stand alone has seemed to furnish the needed stimulus for continued and persistent effort. The lad born with the proverbial silver spoon in his mouth often begins his career with a heavy handicap. No matter how ambitious he may be, the very fact that there is no actual necessity for his exertions hampers him, and in the end oftentimes takes from him the desire to prove his mettle. On the other hand, the one who knows that if he wants to rise above his surroundings and take his place among the worth while men of his generation, he must bend every energy to his task and let no opportunity slip by, is the one who develops his abilities to the utmost. Northwest Ohio has given a home and afforded a wide field of endeavor to many men who have been the architects of their own fortunes, and among these is found Ira L. Craw, senior member of the firm of Craw & Fletcher, contracting painters and decorators of Bowling Green. Mr. Craw was born on the old Craw farm four miles north of Bowling Green, in Wood County, Ohio, December 1, 1863, and is a son of Hiram A. and Ann (Hall) Craw. On the paternal side he belongs to an early settled family in Ohio from New England and traces his ancestry back many generations in this country. His grandfather, John Craw, was born in Vermont, in 1787, and in his native state was married to Laura Boardman, who was born at Corinth, Vermont, March 1, 1789. After the birth of several of their children, and probably prior to the year 1840, the grandparents made the long and perilous trip overland to the wilderness of Wood County, where they purchased land in the midst of a forest and here built their first home, a log cabin with a huge open fireplace. Many hardships confronted this sturdy and couragous pair, for they were called upon to exist on only the merest necessities, with none of the comforts of life, in a new country, far from neighbors and ignorant of conditions surrounding their new home. Oftentimes in the winter migratory bands of Indians would come to their door, begging food and lodging and always friendly. After having been fed these redmen would throw themselves before the fireplace with their heads towards the flames, and after they had been refreshed by sleep would arise and leave the cabin without ceremony, an infrequent grunt being the only sign of thanks or gratitude. The nearest settlement to the Craw home was the little Village of Perrysburg, which was reached by a blazed trail through the woods, 'and this journey was a dangerous one in the early; 2218 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO days, for wild cats or catamounts were still dangerous and wild hogs were to be found in plenty. However, deer and other edible wild game were also to be found, and their contribution to the family larder compensated in some degree for the dangers attached to the presence of the fiercer beasts. The grandparents rounded out their lives on this farm, which they cleared, improved and brought to a high state of cultivation, and became prosperous people of their locality, judging by the monetary standards of their days. Mrs. John Craw, who traced her ancestry back to Moses Boardman, born in England, in 1615, who came to America and settled in Massachusetts, and to whom she was connected through Isaac, Samuel and Moses Boardman, in a direct line, died on the old home farm in 1881. At the time 'of his demise, July 7, 1883, at Bowling Green, Ohio, John Craw was one of the oldest pioneers of Wood County; having reached his ninety-sixth year, and having never been sick in his entire life until his final illness. He was a well informed man, particularly as to the Bible,. of *which he was a close student, and was highly esteemed for his many estimable. traits of character. Hiram A. Craw; father of Ira L., was born in Vermont, March 9, 1829, and was still a lad when he accompanied his parents to the wilds of Ohio. He grew up in this neigborhood, becoming skilled in the arts of the woodsman and hunter as' well as the pursuits of the agriculturist, and when ready to establish a home of his own, married a neighborhood girl, Ann Hall. She was one of a pair of twins, born June 19, 1833, in Wood County, not far from Perrysburg, a daughter' of James and Jane Hall, natives of New. England and of old New England stock. James Hall and his wife came to Plain Township, Wood County, soon after their marriage and, like the Craws, settled in the forest, where they hewed out a home for themselves and their family and became honored and substantial citizens. They were members of the Church of the Advent. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Hiram A. Craw settled on a farm in Plain Township, where they continued to carry on general farming operations- until their retirement, in the evening of life, to Bowling Green, where both passed away at their comfortable home, No. 415 North Main Street, adjacent to the present home of their son. The father's demise occurred August 10; 1910, while the mother passed away in 1902, both in the Advenist faith. Mr. Craw was a republican in his political views, and after he had established himself in life served in several official capacities in his township. He at all times held the respect and confidence of his fellow-citizens and was known as a man who included in his makeup the characteristics of integrity and public spirit. Ira L. Craw received his. education in the district schools of Plain Township and the high school at Bowling Green, and when a young man learned the trade of painter, which he followed for several years. He then entered the employ of the Union Mills at Bowling Green, where he acted in the capacities of engineer and miller during a period of twenty years, when he returned to his first vocation, this time as a contractor. In partnership with Mr. Fletcher he has built up an excellent business in the line of painting and decorating, and a large amount of the important work done in the city has been under contracts with this concern. Although the business has existed for only about four years, its reputation" has extended to outside communities, this because of superior workmanship and fidelity to contracts. Mr. Craw is a member of the Stationary Engineers' National Association. Politically he is a republican, but not a politician. Mr. Craw was married at Bowling Green, November 16, 1886, to Mary M. Whetstone, who was born in Plain Township, Wood` County, July 8, 1868, and grew up and was educated in Bowling Green, whence she was brought as a child by her parents, Daniel and Amanda (Ensinger) Whetstone, natives of Hanock County, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Whetstone were married in their native county, where Mr. Whetstone learned the trade of cabinet maker, a vocation which he followed at Portage, Wood County, before the outbreak of the Civil war. He enlisted in that struggle with a Wood County regiment of volunteer infantry, and served four years, and while never wounded or taken prisoner he was incapacitated by sickness, and when he emerged from the hospital was practically without sight. He returned then to his home, where he was tenderly cared for by his wife and daughter, and through their ministrations and loving devotion 'recovered his sight in large degree, so that he was able to again resume his business. In 1868 he took up his residence at Bowling Green and here continued to make his home until his death in 1910, Mrs. Whetstone having passed away in 1902. They Were members of the United Brethren Church HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2219 and highly esteemed people of their community, and Mr. Whetstone was a republican in his political views. Mr. and Mrs. Craw became the parents of the following children : Eva D., born August 28, 1887, educated in the Bowling Green High School, and now the wife of Charles Cress, of Sidney, Iowa, where Mr. Cress is manager of the Eclipse Lumber Company; Hazel A., born January 24, 1892, resides at home and is employed as a bookkeeper in a millinery concern ; and Glenna L., born January 6, 1900, a young woman of marked musical talent. The family belongs to the United Brethren Church, and Mrs. Craw takes a particularly active part in its work, having been a member since she reached her twelfth year.. In November, 1'916, Mr. Craw and his family moved into their beautiful new home, a modern seven-room cottage at No. 407 North Main Street, in one of the most exclusive residential sections of the city. FRANK H. FREDERICK is the leading business man of Carey, and is the oldest established grocery merchant of the city. He began selling groceries over twenty years ago, and from that business his interests have ex panded to occupy several concerns. Mr. Frederick was born at Carey in Wyandot County, November 6, 1869, a son of Emil and Mary (Sprau) Frederick, both of German stock. His father has been in the grocery business at Carey for a great many years. Frank H. Frederick secured his early education in Carey and spent one year in high school. His first occupation on leaving home was to learn telegraphy at a statio4 of the C. S. & C. Railroad, now part Of the Big Four system. After mastering the art he was assigned as operator at Kenton for one year, after which he returned to Carey and was operator one year and then Western Union manager for several years. Mr. Frederick in 1894, with the modest .amount of capital which he had been able to save and accumulate, established himself in the grocery business on Findlay Street. That store is an example of progressive enterprise, expanding in scope and trade each increasing year until it is now the best stocked and equipped as well as the oldest store of its kind in the city. Mr. Frederick is also a director and stockholder in the Federal Porcelain Company; a stockholder in the Carey Mill and Elevator. Company, and has even gone into a very practical branch of farming, onion growing. He leases a tract of sixty acres and raises onions on a large scale. Mr. Frederick is independent in politics, is a Knight Templar Mason and is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks at Upper Sandusky. In 1905 he married Miss Leora Lantz, daughter of J. A. and Anne (Shuman) Lantz, of Carey. Five children were born to their marriage : Richard, born in 1907 ; Paul L., born in 1909 ; Frances, born in 1911 and died in 1917 ; Emil R., born in 1913 and died in infancy; and Frank H., Jr., born in 1915. ALVIN MANSFIELD WOOLSON, founder of the Woolson Spice Company, one of the largest commercial institutions of Toledo, has been a resident of this city more than forty years. Like many other successful early merchants, his early life was one of struggle and he overcame many obstacles in his path to success. He was born in Erie County, Ohio, October. 2, 1841, and is of old and substantial American stock. His remote American ancestor was Joseph Woolson, who came from Canterbury, England, in 1630 and settled at Weston, Massachusetts, where he built a block house for protection against the Indians. He soon removed to Newton, Massachusetts. His son Thomas was born in 1630, and in 1660 married Sarah Hyde, by whom he had six children. The third generation is also represented by Thomas Woolson, who married Elizabeth' Chadwick and had eight children. The fourth .of these eight children was Joseph Woolson, Who was born in 1699, and married first Eliza Upham, and second Grace Gregory Asa Woolson, of the fifth generation, was born in 1733, married Eliza Knight, and they had a family of twelve children, ten boys and two daughters. Elijah Woolson, representing the sixth generation, was born in 1769 and married Rebecca Batchellor, who was the mother of eight sons and one daughter. Rebecca Batchellor was a daughter of Nehemiah Batchellor, a captain in General Washington's army in the American: struggle for independence. Rebecca was the grandmother of Alvin Mansfield Woolson. Ira Knight Woolson, father of the Toledo Merchant, was born in 1812 at Lisbon, New Hampshire. He married at Buffalo, New York, Arietta Mansfield; and they soon afterwards moved to Northern Ohio. Alvin Mansfield Woolson received his early education in the noted "Country Schoolhouse on the Hill" and grew to manhood on a farm. 2220 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO As soon as he was .old enough to see over a counter he was placed in a store, but the next year did the work of a, printer's devil, carrying newspapers, until the confining nature of a printing office caused him to seek outdoor employment. He worked a year on a farm, greatly to his physical benefit, and he also learned the machinist's trade. He was not twenty years of age when the war broke out. He enlisted in Company M, First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Heavy Artillery, formerly the One Hundred Seventeenth Ohio. Volunteer Infantry. He made a gallant record as a Union soldier, was promoted to sergeant major, and was in the Union army from 1862 until September, 1865, when the regiment was honorably discharged, On October 12, 1916, at Tiffin, Ohio, Company M held a Golden Jubilee Reunion, at which Mr. Woolson was made the guest of honor. A souvenir program with a splendid portrait of him was distributed to each member. The inscription on .this program was : " Our Guest of Honor, Comrade Alvin M. Woolson. The boy sergeant-major, member of the Staff of the First Ohio Heavy Artillery, Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Twenty-third Army Corps ; who served with distinction during the war for the Union, 1861 to 1865, in the campaign through Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, North Carolina and Virginia." After the close of the war Mr. Woolson went to what was then the Far West, and at Kansas City, Missouri, was employed by the Union Pacific Railway Eastern Division in the capacity of accountant, having charge of the government freight. This work he continued while the railroad was being built from Kansas City to Denver Railroad building, especially across the great plains, was a very hazardous undertaking. Many times the builders had to virtually fight their way through bands of hostile savages. Mr. Wool-son's particular services, required the supervision of the government freight, which was. carried by the railway company to the end of the tracks, at which point the government wagons received it and conveyed it to the different army reservations. A year and a half of this arduous and rather exciting outdoor life constituted one of the most noteworthy of Mr. Woolson's early experiences. He then returned to Ohio and became a country merchant at Berlin Heights in Erie County. While he was in business there he selected his future, partner for life. Soon afterwards he sold his store at Berlin Heights and engaged in a new business at Wauseon, Ohio. A few months after getting established there he returned to Berlin Heights and married Miss Frances D. Tillinghast. They were married October 12, 1870. Mrs. Woolson, who was born November 30, 1846, is also of a prominent American family. Her father, William Tillinghast, who died at Toledo September 12, 1890, was a descendant of Pardon Tillinghast, who was one of the first pastors of the Roger Williams Church at Providence, Rhode Island, serving that congregation from 1712 to 1717. Mrs. Woolson's mother was Eliza Squire, who was born in 1812 and died July 15, 1884, at Toledo. Her ancestors were members of the Buckley family, related to Gen. Israel Putnam, one of the heroes of the Revolution. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Woolson are: Maude Ellen, who is married to Herman H. Brand and lives in Toledo; Weona, who is now the wife 'of Walter J. Engle, and whose home is in Chicago; and Constance Fenimore, who is now Mrs. John E. Barney and resides in Toledo. Mr. and Mrs. Woolson reside at 2057 Parkwood avenue. After several years of business activity at Wauseon, Mr. Woolson came to Toledo in 1875 with the express purpose of starting in the coffee and spice business. He found that his capital was not sufficient to enable him to undertake such an ambitious enterprise, and he accordingly entered the retail grocery business, which he handled on a successful scale until 1882. Toledo had had .for some years a firm known as C. C. Warren & Company; coffee roasters and spice dealers, but they became involved in financial difficulties for several months, when the remnant was offered for sale. After over a month's negotiation Mr. Woolson bought out this firm. He had in the meantime succeeded in interesting the wholesale grocers of Toledo, all of whom became stockholders in the new company under Mr. Woolson's management. That was a strong point in his organization, but Mr. Woolson's personal faith was so strong in the business that there was 'no question of its success from the start. It was Pliny Watson, of the Emerson Company, wholesale grocers, who suggested that the name of the company be the Woolson Spice Company, as he remarked he desired to name the company after a man who had never failed. All of the wholesale grocers of Toledo at that time were represented in the original HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2221 list of stockholders, including Pliny Watson, George Emerson, dames Secor, John Berdan, John B. Ketcham and S. B. Wood. Having stock in the Woolson Spice Company, these merchants naturally became interested in the sale and distribution of the products, and R. A. Bartley and others were added to the board of directors later. From the very start the Woolson Spice Company prospered, and continued to grow until it was the second largest coffee concern in the United States. The business was finally sold to the Havemeyers, the great sugar refiners, and a small interest was also purchased by the Arbuckle Brothers coffee concern, for the purpose of ruining the business. This interest resulted in a great deal of litigation between the sugar and coffee corporations, and while this is a matter of note, it occurred just a few months before Mr. Woolson retired from the company. The business is still conducted at Toledo under the original name and is engaged in roasting coffee and marketing spices, as formerly. They still enjoy the reputation of being the leaders in their line of work. Since retiring from active business in May, 1897, Mr. Woolson has traveled extensively and given his attention to his private affairs. Mr. Woolson has long been counted one of Toledo's public spirited citizens. In point of service he is one of the oldest directors in the Second National Bank, was for a quarter of a century a director in the Northern National Bank, and is one of the founders and a director in the Union Savings Bank. He is a member and has long been active in the Society of Colonial Wars, and in 1916 was deputy governor general of the National Society. He is a member of Anthony Wayne Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution, and in 1916 was vice president general of the National Society. He is a member and one of the board of managers of the Society of Sons of the Revolution. He is one of the vice presidents of the Star Spangled Banner Association and in 1915 was selected as one of the two delegates from Ohio by Governor Cox to attend the convention at Baltimore celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the writing of the Star Spangled Banner. Mr. Woolson has in many ways befriended the old soldiers of our country and has been a member of Toledo Post, Grand Army of the Republic, since its organization and held many of its offices. He has attended nearly all the national encampments of the Grand Army of the Republic since 1866 and for 1916-17 was one of the seven members of the executive committee of the national commander-in-chief. Mr. Woolson is president of the Toledo Soldiers' Memorial Association, is a member of the Maumee Valley Pioneer and Historical Society, life member of the Ohio Archeological and Historical Society, member of the Mississippi Valley Historical Association, the National Geographic Society, and many other organizations, and is a trustee of the First Congregational Church of Toledo. He is an honorary member of the United Spanish War Veterans and a member of the Ohio Society of New York. He is also a member of both the Toledo and Country clubs, the Toledo Art Museum and the Toledo Newsboys' Association. Mr. Woolson was .one of the first organizers of the Chamber of Commerce during the exciting times of the discovery of natural gas, and was particularly active in securing many new enterprises to locate in the city, some of which are today among the most prominent in Lucas County. He was chairman of the committee appointed by the mayor to visit the natural gas fields for the purpose of -deter-'mining whether it would be .beneficial to the best interest of the city to build a pipe line. from the gas fields and offer free gas to manufacturers as an inducement to locate in Toledo. Upon the return of the committee Mr.. Woolson reported adversely., while the other two members reported] favorably, and the older residents will remember that the majority vote upon the matters was in favor of issuing a million dollars in bonds for the purpose, with the result that it turned out to be one of the most hazardous investments the city ever made. GROVE HIRAM PATTERSON has already reached an important position in the newspaper world, although still a young man. He is now the editorial manager of three metropolitan journals in as many large cities. These papers were the Toledo Blade, the Newark, N. J., Star-Eagle, and the Detroit Journal. Mr. Patterson was born at Rochester, Minnesota, November 5, 1881, the son of Joseph S. Patterson and Nellie M. (Sayles) Patterson. His preliminary education was obtained in the high school of Carlyle, Illinois. From there he went to the Oberlin Academy and later Oberlin College, from which he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He also attended Syracuse University. In 1905 he was made associate editor of the Lorain 2222 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Times-Herald of Lorain, Ohio, and remained with that paper for three years. In 190.8 he became night city editor of. the Cleveland Plain Dealer. In the following year he came to Toledo as managing editor of the Toledo Times. In. 1910 he began work with the Toledo Blade as news editor, filling that position with conspicuous ability for five years. In 1915 he became managing editor of the Blade, and two years later was promoted to his present important and influential position. Mr. Patterson was a member of the Phi Delta Society of Oberlin College. He is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club and the Rotary Club. His religious affiliation is with Epworth Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a delegate from the West Ohio Conference of that church to the Quadrennial Conference, the great Methodist legislative body, held at Saratoga Springs in 1916. He is unmarried. Mr. Patterson has always taken an active interest in civic affairs and has delivered many addresses, and his sympathies are always with the progressive movements of the age. JACOB GEIGER. One of the industries which give life and character to the City of Bucyrus is The Bucyrus Copper Kettle Works, estab¬lished by Jacob Geiger in the fall of 1879, when he took into partnership P. E. Bush. It is an institution of long and steady development, supplying the output throughout the United States, and the factory has handled a number of contracts for the United States Navy. Mr. Geiger is now eighty years of age, and while still owner and active in the business has turned over most of its details to his capable son, Judson Dale Geiger. Mr. Geiger was born in Bavaria, Germany, April 2, 1837, a son of Peter J. and Anna Maria (Riedel) Geiger. His parents were born and married in Germany and 'about 1840, when Jacob was three years of age, came to Ohio, settling on a farm in Chatfield. Township of Crawford County. Peter Geiger had learned the locksmiths trade in the old country and upon coming to this country he learned the blacksmiths trade and plied both trades to advantage in the pioneer district in which he resided. He and his wife spent the rest of their days in the quiet and comfort of that rural community. Of their six children only two are now living, Jacob and Michael, the latter a retired farmer in Chatfield Township. Peter Geiger after the death of his first wife married again and had three children by the second union. He was an active member 'of the German Lutheran, Church and in politics a democrat. Jacob Geiger grew up with a limited education, attending the country schools and also a school at Bucyrus and Hayesville in the intervals of self-supporting. work. When about fourteen. years of age he found a place in a local dry goods store at Bucyrus, being assigned to the duties of sweeping out in the morning and such other responsibilities as were fitted to his age and strength. The proprietor of this store was A. P. Widman, and young Geiger worked. for him about four years. For a similar time he then clerked for J. P. Bowman, a dry goods merchant, and thus laid the foundation of a substantial business experience. He realized the need of a better education, and finally left off clerking to attend school at Hayesville for two sessions. Then for one summer he lived on the home farm and returning to Bucyrus became clerk for E. Blair in a hardware store. Three years later he utilized his modest capital and his experience by entering a partnership with Daniel Picking, in the hardware, stove and tinware business, under the firm name of Picking & Geiger, Mr. Geiger taking the responsibility of the management while Mr. Picking looked after the mechanical department. This partnership continued with mutual satisfaction and profit for fifteen years, and during that time they built up a very large trade. Mr. Geiger left merchandising to establish the Geiger & Bush Company, known as the Bucyrus Copper Kettle Works, of which Mr. Geiger is now sole proprietor. In this shop Mr. Geiger began the manufacture of copper kettles and other copper cooking utensils. At. first was made the copper apple butter kettles which were once found in nearly every country home. They next manufactured an improved kettle known as a steam jacket copper kettle, largely used for fruit preserving and the canning of vegetables. The business has gradually been adapted to the manufacture of a complete line of fruit and vegetable canning equipment, and also copper utensils for use in the confectioneries and public institutions, United States Navy and in hotels and restaurants. The plant is also equipped for producing much special design copper work. At present the establishment is conducted in HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 2223 a large building 83x90 feet, part of it two stories. The average value of the annual output is about $50,000. In 1877 Mr. Geiger married Millie Fenner. She was born at Bucyrus, daughter of Hiram and Elizabeth Fenner, both natives of Pennsylvania but early settlers in Crawford County. To Mr. and Mrs. Geiger were born five children, only two of whom are living. Alberta is the wife of Charles W. Kern, a druggist at Bucyrus. Judson Dale, the only living son, is associated with his father in the manufacturing business. Both children are graduates of the local high school and the daughter completed her education in the Oxford Woman's College of Ohio. The son took technical courses in the Rose Polytechnic Institute at Terre Haute, Indiana. Mr. and Mrs. Geiger are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and were formerly active in its cause. The daughter is a member of that church, while the son is a Presbyterian. Mr. Geiger in politics has always been a republican. ROBERT D. HENDERSON. Certain individuals seem destined to rise above their surroundings and to dominate whatever conditions may be theirs. Every opportunity seems to offer a direct appeal to their active minds and they know how to grasp it to their own benefit and the expansion of their business interests. There are no anachronisms in the lives of such men, for their progress is steady and ever onward and upward. Their work means something from the beginning, and the accumulative results are astounding. Wood County is, and has been, for some years the home of many such men, and one who has won the right to be numbered on such a list is Robert D. Henderson, who is now living in retirement after many years of successful commercial activity at Weston. Robert D. Henderson is of Scotch-Irish descent and was born in 1848, in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, a son of James Knox and Susanna (Hine) Henderson, both born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 1825. He was of Scotch-Irish ancestry and she of Pennsylvania-German stock, and they were married in 1847, in their native county, where they lived until 1856 or 1857. About that time they moved to Southern Ohio, where they resided for six years, then returning to Pennsylvania, and in 1867 again came to the Buckeye state, this time locating at Bucyrus. There the father, who was a physician by calling, embarked in business and for several years was a merchant, but eventually returned to the practice of his profession, which he followed for fifteen years at Ada, Ohio. He built up a large and important professional business there, but in 1896 retired and came to Weston, where they lived quietly during the remainder of their long and useful lives, Mrs. Henderson dying in November, 1913, being within a few months of ninety years of age. Mr. 'Anderson did not survive his faithful helpmate long, as he died at the home of his son Frank A. Henderson, at Bucyrus, in November, 1916, being within a month of ninety-one years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson had celebrated the sixty-sixth anniversary of their wedding. While they were reared in the faith of the Lutheran Church, early in their married lives they joined the Presbyterian faith, to which they continued true until their deaths. Mr. Henderson was a life long republican in national politics, and while not a seeker after personal preferment was a good citizen of his community and one who enjoyed in full degree the respect and esteem of his fellow men. Five sons and one daughter of this worthy. couple survive, all married and all at the head of small families. Robert D. Henderson completed his education in an academy, following which he began teaching country school and was so engaged for several terms. His talent, however, lay in the direction of commercial activity, and he was shrewd enough to recognize this fact even when a youth. He first came to the little hamlet of Weston in 1872, and three years later, when the village began to develop, became associated with the firm of Ladd & Singer in the hardware business. In August, 1877, he bought the interest of Mr. Ladd, and in partnership with Mr. Singer succeeded in building up a large business in hardware and farming implements, the firm continuing until Mr. Henderson disposed of his holdings in 1907.. During the years that he was engaged in business at Weston he established his name firmly in a place where it was known as standing for commercial integrity, business straightforwardness and personal probity, and this matter still holds good in Mr. Henderson's occasional real estate transactions, which are for the most part carried on in connection with Mr. Singer, who remains his partner in this respect. Mr. Henderson is the owner of several fine farms in Paulding, Henry and Wood counties, the greater part 2224 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO of this land being under a high state of cultivation. While corn and oats comprise the standard crops, these farms grow all the staple commodities and are good producers under the modern methods and good management of Mr. Henderson. He is personally the owner of several hundred acres of land, as well as other realty, and has interests in business enterprises which make him one of the well-to-do men of his community. Before retiring from business Mr. Henderson built himself a handsome modern home on Taylor Street, a very desirable residential locality. Aside from business he has been active in the busy life of Weston, having taken a prominent part in all movements and enterprises which have affected the thriving little city or its people. He has served as councilman, an office to which he was elected on the republican ticket, and has been active in the work of the Presbyterian Church, of which he is a trustee. Mr. Henderson was married in Crawford County, Ohio, to Millie R. Lowe, who was born in Pennsylvania and was still a child when brought to Ohio by her parents, Israel and Mary Lowe, natives of Pennsylvania, who located in Crawford County in 1866. Five years later they came to Wood County and purchased a farm near Weston, and in their declining years came to this city, where Mr. Lowe died in 1900, at the age of sixty-nine years, and Mrs. Lowe in 1907, aged seventy-four. They were reared as Lutherans, but after coming to Ohio joined the Presbyterian Church. Their only child now living is Mrs. James Young, of Toledo, who has two children, James and Althea. Mrs. Henderson died at her beautiful home at Weston November 4, 1912, being then in her fifty-ninth year, a woman who had lived a full and useful life and one of many accomplishments and virtues. She was a devoted wife and mother, a faithful member of the Presbyterian Church, and one whose passing left a feeling of distinct loss among those with whom her life had been passed. She was the mother of two daughters : Louise M., who died in July, 1914, was the wife of C. E. Steinbaugh, ex-county auditor of Wood County, who resides at Cleveland, Ohio, and Alice F., at home. Mr. and Miss Henderson are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Henderson belongs to Weston Lodge No. 681, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is identified with several banks either as a director or stockholder and is vice president of the Citizens Bank of Weston. GEORGE SHAFER. The retirement of George Shafer from active life in February, 1904, was justified by the accomplishment of success in its broadest sense, by many years of devotion to the science of farming, by faithfulness to public and private duties, by honorable service in his country 's military forces, and by conscientious regard for the honorable perpetuation of his name and labor in the bringing up of his. children. Since the close of the Civil war he has made his home in Wood and Henry counties, and he now resides at Weston, in a pleasant home on Main Street, furnished in accordance with refined taste and practical ideas of comfort. His life has been a steadfast and busy one, and the end of his working days finds him prosperous financially and rich in the esteem of a large circle of appreciative friends. Mr. Shafer was born in Mahoning County, Ohio, October 28, 1838, and on both sides of the family is of German origin, although his parents, Samuel and Elizabeth (Long) Shafer, were both born in Pennsylvania. They were married in Mahoning County, Ohio, where they lived on a farm and carried on agricultural pursuits, and all their children, five sons and three daughters, were born there. Of these seven grew to maturity and all married and had issue, but the only ones now living are George, of this notice, and a younger sister, Mrs. Mary J. Starweather, a widow of Lorain County, Ohio, who was seventy years of age in August, 1917. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Shafer settled on a farm in Poland Township, Mahoning County, and there carried on farming until the year 1863 or 1864, when they removed to Huron, Erie County, and there both passed away. Mrs. Shafer, an active church member, died when nearly four-score years old, one of the highly respected women of her community, while Mr. Shafer survived her for a long time and died in 1907, having reached the remarkable age of nearly one hundred years. He was a republican in politics, a good citizen, and a man who enjoyed in full degree the confidence and regard of his. fellowmen. The third in order of birth in his family, George Shafer grew up in Mahoning County, where he received the ordinary advantages offered by the country schools. He was an industrious youth and early developed habits