HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1075 a director of the Merchants National Bank and the Toledo Moulding Company. Politically General Fuller had been a democrat before the war, but afterwards exhibited an ardent loyalty for the principles of the Grand Old Party which he had espoused during the war. He was long one of the valued working members of the First Baptist Church of Toledo. As one of the distinguished military figures in Ohio, he took much interest in the Toledo Post of the Grand Army of the Republic and was a member of the Ohio Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion. On September 2, 1851, at Utica, New York, General Fuller married Miss Anna B. Rathbun. She was born in Utica June 20, 1826, a daughter of Josiah Rathbun, and she died at Toledo, June 4, 1901, a little more than ten years after the death of her husband. To their marriage were born six children : Edward C., a director of the United States Cast Iron Pipe Company ; Jennie R. ; Rathbun Fuller, a prominent Toledo attorney ; Mrs. Thomas A. Taylor ; Frederick C. ; and Irene B. Of. these children Rathbun, Frederick C., Jennie R. and Mrs. Thomas A. Taylor, still live in Toledo. GEORGE S. RICHARDS. Since 1902 Mr. Richards has maintained his home and business interests in Toledo. Prior to that he spent many years at Clyde, in Sandusky County, and his family were among the pioneer settlers of that section of Northwest Ohio. Mr. Richards conducts a business in loans, real estate and investments, with an office in the Ohio Building. He is a brother of Judge S. S. Richards of Clyde, judge of the Court of Appeals of this district. He was born on a farm near Clyde in August, 1848, son of Archibald and Mary (George) Richards, his father having died in 1884 and his mother in 1901. Archibald Richards was born in New London, Connecticut, in 1812, a son of Silas and Mary (Rogers) Richards. Mary Rogers claimed to trace her ancestral record back to the Mayflower. Silas Richards was born April 23, 1779. and died December 5, 1862, and his wife was born August 1, 1779, and died September 3, 1866. Mary George, the mother of Mr. Richards, was born in Ohio in 1819, a daughter of Joseph George. Joseph George after serving as a soldier in the War of 1812, was one of the first pioneers to locate in the wilderness of Sandusky County. Members of the Richards family came about the same time, and both names are intimately associated with the early development of that Northwest Ohio county. As a boy George S. Richards attended the country schools and finished his education in Hillsdale College at Hillsdale, Michigan, leaving that institution in 1871. While at Hillsdale he became a friend of the late Will Carlton, who as a poet of national and international reputation brought especial fame to his home State of Michigan. Both were members of the Alpha Kappa Phi Society, and even then the younger student conceived a keen admiration for Carlton. In October, 1915, Mr. Richards was elected president of the Will Carlton Memorial Association. Some months previously he had proposed that the former students of Hillsdale College, from which Mr. Carlton graduated in 1869, should. establish some permanent memorial to the poet. Some varied experiences followed his college life, but in the spring of 1872 Mr. Richards engaged in the dry goods business at Clyde in partnership with Zachariah Taylor under the firm name of Taylor & Richards. In 1879 Mr. Taylor withdrew, and the junior member then continued the business as Richards & Company until October 1, 1900. A successful merchant, he was soon identified with many of the important affairs in his home town and county. He was instrumental .in organizing the Citizens Building & Loan Company of Clyde, which was started March 28, 1889. He was president of that institution for about eight years. He also helped to organize the Home Savings Building & Loan Company in 1898. Both of these are very prosperous institutions of Sandusky County. For several years he was a director of the First National Bank of Clyde, which subsequently changed its charter from a national to a state bank. Since coming to Toledo in 1902 Mr. Richards has made his chief business real estate. He is also one of the original organizers and a stockholder in the Miller & Hadley Dry Goods Company, one of the leading wholesale dry goods concerns at Toledo. In politics Mr. Richards from the time of casting his first vote has been identified with the republican organization. In 1876 he joined the Masonic order and in 1873 he became a member of the Presbyterian Church of Clyde during the pastorate of Rev. E. R. Chase. However, Mr. Richards has divided his interests closely between business and the 1076 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO home and has never sought membership in a great diversity of social organizations. His residence is at 340 Winthrop Street, Toledo. On June 25, 1895, at Clyde, Ohio, he married Dulcia Craig, the marriage ceremony having been performed by Rev. George E. Wilson. They have one son, George S. Richards, Jr., who was born January 9, 1898, and is a member of the class of 1916 at the Scott High School in Toledo. C. SUMNER EMERY, M. D. A prominent physician of Toledo for the past thirty years, Doctor Emery is distinguished not only by his splendid professional services but also by many unusual interests as a man and citizen and the enthusiasm and forcefulness which he brings to every undertaking and subject of life's relationship. Doctor Emery is one of the proprietors of the Emery-Butler Sanitarium, located at Toledo, Waterville, Ohio, and Sarasota, Florida. These sanitariums employ nature's methods of cures largely, and many splendid and marvelous results have followed the drugless treatment of disease. These institutions, three in number, are known as the Dorr Street Sanitarium, 1259 Dorr Street in Toledo, founded by Doctor Emery ; the Silver Spring Sanitarium near Waterville and at the rapids of the Maumee River not far from the historic Turkey Foot Rock ; and Sarasota Springs Hotel and Sanitarium in Florida. Doctor Emery is also president of the Cooperative Homestead Company. He is active medical director of the Dorr Street Sanitarium and has his offices at 1259 Dorr Street. He was born at Maumee, Ohio, one of the most historic communities in Northwest Ohio. The exact date and circumstances of his birth Doctor Emery states as being 9 :15 P. M. on the 14th of March, 1857, while outside the rain was pouring down in torrents. His father, Samuel emery, who was born in Medina County, Ohio, was known to every Knight of Pythias in Ohio, and was an active worker in that order and was able to repeat the ritual and lectures without reference to manuscript. He died in Maumee in 1900 at the age of seventy-three and is buried in Perrysburg, Ohio. He was a member of the Knights of Pythias Building Board of Toledo which built the Pythian Temple there, and was a charter member of the old Knight of Pythias Lodge No. 20 at Toledo. He also rendered service as a private soldier for three years in Company A of the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was offered a captaincy, but in that as in every other relationship of life preferred the ranks to the hono of office. In fact his associates have ofte spoken of him as a " diamond in the rough.' He possessed unusual scientific and mechanical ability, and had the genius to carry out almost any complicated undertaking. He worked at ship building and house building for many years, and reared a family of five sons and five daughters to do him credit. H married Henrietta Reece, who was born Lucas County, Ohio, and died in 1906 at Newark, Ohio, at the home of her son George, twin brother of Doctor Emery. She was the mother and grandmother of a number of children and had the satisfaction of knowing that not one of her sons ever drank, chewed or smoked. The children living today are: James S. of Toledo; Dr. C. Sumner and George Washington, twins, the latter a resident of Cadiz, Ohio ; Harvey R. of Newark, Ohio ; Edwin W. of Greenfield, Ohio; Mrs. C. A. Bassett of Mobile, Missouri ; and Mrs. P. L. Stephenson, whose husband has been assistant county recorder of Hancock County, Ohio, for nearly thirty years and lives in Findlay. Doctor Emery received his early education in the public schools of Maumee. He attended medical college in the Ohio Northern University, also studied at Toledo, and was a student in the Fowler & Wells Phrenological Institute at Cooper Union, New York. In 1886 Doctor Emery began practice in Toledo, and at the end of thirty years he has a larger business today than ever before. He also holds a state certificate as a dentist and is one of the few men of his profession who have competent skill in medicine, surgery and dentistry. In 1910 Doctor Emery established the Dorr Street Sanitarium, and is now building the Silver Spring Sanitarium, which, because of its location, and the unusual facilities for natural therapy is known as the Mount Clemens of Toledo, Ohio. Doctor Emery organized the Co-operative Homestead Land Club, of which he is president, this being an organization of people interested in suburban land for homes and buying and developing property on the co-operative principle. There is a Toledo suburban club organized under the auspices of the Co-operative Homestead Company, and this has a beautiful tract of land at Eagle HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1077 Point on the Maumee River. Another colony club has a tract of land in Florida. Doctor Emery is a stockholder in numerous other organizations. He is a very rugged man, physically strong and in perfect health, and to those who are accustomed only to the conventional processes of thinking and acting his dynamic personality is sometimes startling. In politics he is now a socialist, but at one time was a democrat. Out of his own reasoning, his broad experience in life and his knowledge of socialism and related sciences, he has formulated a practical religion of righteousness, and this religion is best expressed in a small book entitled "Effectives," by 0. E. Latham. Doctor Emery is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club. Some years ago he was a candidate on the democratic ticket for county coroner and he made a splendid showing in spite of the minority power of his party. On March 20, 1894, Doctor Emery married Miss Sarah C. Smith of Bellevue, Ohio. Her father, Fred Smith, was one of the ablest farmers in the State of Ohio and a splendid citizen and man of fine character. He is now deceased. Her mother, Mary A. (Box) Smith, is also deceased. Mrs. Emery was born four miles from Bellevue in Sandusky County and completed her education in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, and prior to her marriage was an assistant in the musical department of that school. ST. JOHN 'S UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO, OHIO, established by the members of the Society of Jesus, first opened its doors to students in September, 1898. The beginnings were modest, the intention being to give an advanced education to men. On May 22, 1900, the original charter was obtained and the institution incorporated as a college. It grew by leaps and bounds and as its field enlarged the college became a university with power to bestow degrees and to conduct .the courses generally comprised in the term university. In the sixteen years of its corporate existence St. John's University has had a steady growth in numbers of students, in the size of its faculty and in the number of buildings devoted to education. Its graduates form a representative portion of the business and professional men of the northwestern portion of Ohio. The buildings and campus of St. John's University are located at the corner of Superior and Walnut streets where they are Vol. II-27 readily accessible to city and out-of-town students. The university comprises classical high school, a high school of commerce, a college department, and a law department. Each of these courses can be completed in four years, except law where the required time is only three years. The classical high school is well founded on the study of the classics, mathematics, the sciences, and modern languages. The college department repeats in a higher and more advanced degree this insistence and gives an especially solid training in premedic branches, physics, chemistry, biology. The law school, which is conducted in the evenings, is in charge of well known legal men of Toledo and vicinity, many of whom are graduates of the institution. The graduates of this department have been especially successful in the practice of law as the training they receive fits them for ready admission to the bar of the State of Ohio. The high school of commerce is a combination of the high school and business course where the students are prepared for a business career and at the same time given a general training not to be found in the average business college. Special features of St. John's University are Westminster Gymnasium, located at the corner of Superior and Locust. It is an imposing stone structure with a seating capacity of several thousand. The college library is the particular pride of the student body and contains 3,000 volumes. It is maintained and enlarged by the students themselves by means of the proceeds of their annual theatrical performances. This library is accessible to all the students of the university. St. John's University also boasts a museum the principal feature of which is an extensive collection of ancient and modern coins. Hundreds of specimens of all kinds which have been gathered from the neighborhood of Toledo form a sort of epitome of the history of Northwestern Ohio. A meteorological observatory is a well equipped feature whose equipment is of special service to scientific students. There are a number of student organizations, the following being the more prominent : The Philharmonic Society, whose annual concerts are an attraction to the music lovers of Toledo ; the Ozanam Literary and Debating Society, which has a creditable record in public and private debates ; St. John's Athletic Association in which are concentrated the stu- 1078 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO dent's aspirations along athletic lines, it has a state wide name for its famous basketball teams; St. John's Alumni Association which annually brings together the graduates of the institution and gets them into touch with developments and plans. To these may be added various religious and charitable organizations which give the students exceptional chances to develop the moral side of university life. RALPH S. HOLBROOK. In the twenty-five years of his practice as a lawyer Mr. Holbrook has made his position and reputation secure as one of the leading members of the Toledo bar. His interests are not entirely confined to the law, and for some time he has been a factor in the commercial and industrial life of the community. The interests of Toledo as a city are his own. He never fails to respond to requests for his aid and co-operation in public spirited movements, and he takes pride in the fact that his family has for fully half a century been substantially identified with this metropolis of Northwest Ohio. About a year after the family located in Toledo, Ralph S. Holbrook was born in that city on October 10, 1866, a son of William L. and Lois W. (Sheldon) Holbrook. His mother is now deceased. Both parents were born at Mantua, Portage County, Ohio. For fully half a century his father William L. Holbrook has been a figure in Toledo's business life, as a merchant, real estate dealer and as a public spirited citizen. He is still active in real estate circles. He bears the weight of many years with ease and is still remarkably well preserved. As a boy Ralph S. Holbrook attended the Toledo public schools, and went from there to Kenyon College, where he was graduated with the class of 1887. During the following three years he laid the foundation for his professional career by close and diligent study in the law offices of Doyle, Scott and Lewis at Toledo, and after passing the state bar examination at Columbus was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1890. Since then he has been admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of the United States, the Supreme Court of Michigan and various Federal courts. From the first he has been in practice at Toledo, for a while by himself and then as a member of the law firm of Holbrook & Monsarrat. This partnership existed with mutual satisfaction and profit up to the year 1909. Since then Mr. Holbrook has been practically alone in his profession, his offices now being in the Bank of Commerce Building. In twenty-five years it has been his lot to serve as attorney and counselor for a large and varied practice, and he has been the conservator of many important interests. At the same time his business interests have been growing, and he is now closely identified with several of the leading industrial enterprises. He is secretary-treasurer of the Kohler Brick Company; secretary of the Bissell Motor Company ; secretary of the C. L. McBride Manufacturing Company; was one of the organizers and is a director of the F. Bissell Company ; a director of the Continental Trust & Savings Bank of Toledo ; director of the Security Savings Bank & Trust Company. In former years Mr. Holbrook lent his support to the State Militia organization as a member of the Ohio National Guard. He first entered the service as a second lieutenant in the Sixteenth Regiment, and was finally promoted to first lieutenant and later commissioned captain of his company. He finally resigned the captaincy on August 14, 1893. Fraternally he is affiliated with Sanford L. Collins Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons of Toledo ; the Delta Kappa Epsilon College Fraternity; is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Club, the Toledo Country Club, the Toledo Automobile Club ; is a member of the Ohio State Bar Association and the American Bar Association, and of the Episcopal Church. He is a republican in his views, has lent his support to a number of campaigns, but has never sought any political honors for himself. Without hope of remuneration or reward he has done all that a good citizen could do toward the upbuilding and permanent welfare of the city and county in which he resides. Mr. Holbrook married Miss Mame Cummings, daughter of Robert Cummings of .Toledo. They have one daughter, Annette C. ARION E. WILSON. Established in a law practice at Toledo more than a third of a century, Anion E. Wilson is a specialist in the law affecting real estate, and his large clientage and his general success as an attorney are largely due to the ability with which he has handled that difficult and intricate branch of jurisprudence. With an experience that constitutes him an authoritative expert on all questions pertaining to realty titles in Lucas County, he has largely vitalized one of Toledo's import- HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1079 ant institutions. In 1907 he organized the Toledo. Title & Trust Company, which began business February 27, 1907. Mr. Wilson is president of this successful corporation which occupies a commanding position in Lucas County in furnishing abstracts and giving opinions and statements as to real estate titles in the county. Arion E. Wilson was born at West Lebanon, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, April 28, 1850, a son of James and Eliza A. (Morgan) Wilson. His parents were both natives of Pennsylvania and their respective families were established in that commonwealth in very early times. The maternal great-grandfather of the Toledo lawyer, Enoch Morgan, served with the 'rank of lieutenant in the American army during the Revolutionary war. James Wilson, father of Anion E., was a merchant in early life, and spent his last years in retirement. Both he and his wife died in Pennsylvania, and of the four sons three are still living. Arion E. Wilson acquired his early education in the public schools and academies of Western Pennsylvania, and at an early age decided upon the law as his permanent vocation. He finally entered the law department of the University of Michigan, where he was graduated with the class of 1877, and the degree LL. B. was conferred upon him. Admitted to practice not long afterward in both Michigan and Ohio he first opened his office in Toledo in 1877, and is now one of the oldest active lawyers of the Lucas County bar. From the first he made a specialty of real estate law, and for many years has seldom appeared in any other litigation than such as involved questions of realty titles. Besides being president of the Toledo. Title & Trust Company he is a member of the advisory board of the Security Savings Bank and Trust Company. He owns considerable Toledo real estate. His offices are at 206-210 Gardner Building. He is a democrat in politics, but has never sought any office, though taking' a commendable interest in municipal affairs. He is 'affiliated with Toledo Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons ; Toledo Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Toledo Council, Royal and Select Masters. Other associations are with the Toledo Commerce Club, the Country Club, the Lucas County Bar Association and the First Congregational Church. In 1893, at Boston, Massachusetts, Mr. Wilson married Miss Clara Moorhead, who was also born in Indiana County,' Pennsylvania. Mrs. Wilson, after completing the public school course in her home county, finished at Ogontz, the noted school for young ladies at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. THOMAS NAVIN. An old and honored resident of Henry County, Thomas Navin spent a third of a century in the employ of the Wabash Railway, and for the past five years has lived retired on his fine Elmwood farm near Okolona. The farm is in section 31 of Napoleon Township. Mr. Navin is a prominent representative of the Irish people in Henry County and has owned his present farm, one of the best properties of the kind in that section, since 1877. He had previously lived on a farm nearby but just across the line in Adams Township of Defiance County. Mr. Navin was born in the Parish of Crossbaugh in County Mayo, Ireland, October 11, 1846, and is of pure Irish ancestry. His father, Thomas Navin, Sr., who died when the son Thomas was ten or twelve years of age, was born in the same house in the same village, and all the family for generations have been members of the Catholic Church. Thomas Navin, Sr., followed the occupation of farmer. He married a girl of the same neighborhood, Catherine Loftus. In the family were four sons and three daughters. The oldest, John, was the first to come to America. He and his brother William, who came a little later, located at Toledo. Thomas, Jr., and his sister Mary came over in 1873, by way of Liverpool, and joined their brothers in Toledo, and subsequently the mother and youngest son, Antony, completed the family circle in that city. John had come out to Okolona and for six years was section boss on this branch of the Wabash Railroad, subsequently returning to Toledo where he has lived to the present time. All the the other brothers and sisters are living in Ohio except Antony, who died in the West. The mother died at Toledo in the spring of 1886, when about sixty-eight years of age. The children have all married and all have had children except Mary. Thomas Navin succeeded his brother John as section boss at Okolona, and gave a long and efficient and faithful service in that capacity. He held the position thirty-five years, and then, feeling that he was too old to carry the responsibilities further and besides having won a competence by his thrift and hard work, but against the wishes of the superior officials, he retired on June 30, 1911. He was at that time the oldest section boss in the service of the railroad, and throughout thirty-three years. had never received a single demerit mark, was 1080 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO able to retire with a clean record, and entirely of his own accord. Since then he has concentrated his abilities on his fine Elmwood farm. He and his family reside in a substantial eight-room house, with all the comforts and conveniences, and he has a large barn 36x60 feet with a shed addition 36x16 feet, all covered with slate roof. At Cambridge, Massachusetts, Thomas Navin married Margaret Reilley. She was born in Ireland on an adjoining farm November 14, 1854, and she and Thomas Navin as young people attended the same church. She came to the United States two years after Mr. Navin, and lived in Cambridge, Massachusetts, until her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Navin have had nine children, and all the family are members of St. Michael's Catholic Church at St. Michael's Ridge in Defiance County. The nine children are : William D., who was born in Defiance County, was educated at Ada and in Defiance College, is still unmarried and lives at home, being manager of the Farmers Grain and Stock Company at Okolona. A. Charles is a machinist with the American Steel and Wire Company near Pittsburg, where he has been located for the past ten years. Thomas L. is now in the West in the State of California. Albert lives at home and assists his father in managing the farm. Edward R. was formerly a machinist but is now a telegraph operator with the Wabash at Fort Wayne. Walter Martin, who formerly taught school and was a student at Defiance College, is now continuing his higher education in Notre Dame University at South Bend, Indiana. Mary J. has been a student in Defiance College and is still at home. Theresa Electa is a graduate of the Napoleon High School. Irene M. died at the age of two years, being accidentally killed by a train striking her. All the living children are unmarried. EZEKIEL MASTERS. The rugged strength of the pioneer was written all over the character of the late Ezekiel Masters of Fulton County, Ohio. The strength which enabled him to clear the forest and hew a home out of the wilderness was only one of the manifestations of his well balanced activities. He had strength and fortitude, suffused with judgment and lofty ideals. All along the way of his life he walked in the fear of God and helped to bring about that proportion of responsibility and benefit which are the ideals of a democratic community. He practiced the simple virtues which are so intimate a part of the pioneer's creed and the force which he dis played in the management of business and in public affairs was tempered by a thorough religious quality and a sincere and abiding kindliness to his family and associates. Nearly all his life was spent in Northwestern Ohio where he was both a witness and actor in the changing developments of his time. While he was a splendid farmer in his day and successfully. employed his enterprise in the direction of large business affairs, the honor paid to his memory is more especially due to his fine independence of character, and his active influence in the social and political movements experienced at different times in the last century. He was born near Martinsburg in Knox County, Ohio, December 3, 1816, and died October 24, 1886, at the age of sixty-nine years ten months and twenty-one days. He was the second in a family of nine children born to Robert and Hannah (Boyle) Masters. His father, who was born near Alexandria in West Virginia, September 19, 1790, married Miss Boyle in Knox County, Ohio, in 1815. The father died in Knox County at the age of forty-four, leaving the care of a large family to his widow. Ezekiel as the oldest son had to assume his share of the burdens placed upon his mother, and he not only did his part in the rearing of the younger children but gave a home to his aged, mother during her later years. When Ezekiel was about ten years of age the family moved to what is now Morrow County. There on October 30, 1836, he married Miss Mary Oliver, who was born in Knox County, February 19, 1819. For nearly ten years after his marriage he lived in Morrow County engaged in farming and in doing contract work. It was in the spring of 1845 that Mr. Masters moved to Williams County, Ohio. At that time the land agent at Toledo was a young lawyer who subsequently became distinguished as Chief Justice Waite. From him Mr. Masters secured a tract of wild land, in the midst of the heavy forest, and by his own efforts in five years' time cleared up a farm of 194 acres, leaving only a small tract for wood and timber. This farm is still known as the Masters Farm, and the crossing of the Brunersburg & Michigan Road with the Angola State Road, became known as Masters Corners. In 1850 his farm fell into Fulton County, which in that year was set off from Williams County, and his place was in Franklin Township. It was in the Franklin Cemetery in that locality that Mr. Masters was laid    HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1081 to rest beside his first wife and one of their children who was the first to be interred in that burying ground. On the organization of Fulton County Mr. Masters was elected one of the first commissioners and for years was an influential factor in the management of county affairs. In 1870 he moved his home from Fulton to Williams County, and lived there until his death. As a business man his best success was as a farmer and stock raiser and dealer. He combined the raising of general crops of corn, wheat, hay and potatoes with the handling of live stock. He was progressive, and was one of the first to take up the improved grades of live stock and made features of Shorthorn or Durham cattle, thoroughbred hogs and sheep, and fancy poultry. In the early days he did an extensive business in the buying and shipping of stock, and for several years with the aid of sub-contractors he bought and shipped to market nearly all the stock west of Toledo in Ohio, Northeastern Indiana and Southern Michigan. Until railroads were built the stock was collected from the farms and driven overland to Stryker. During the construction of the Mansfield & Coldwater Railroad he took a large contract for the grading of a division of the road and furnishing ties. Owing to the failure of the company and the abandonment of the enterprise he lost heavily, and during his lifetime was never able to collect any part of the large outlay which he made in this venture. In fact he never recovered financially from this disaster, though, it should be said, so far as he was able he allowed no one else to suffer loss except himself. In politics Mr. Masters was a democrat until that party in the early '50s advocated the repeal of the Missouri Compromise and the opening of free territory to slavery. He at once aligned himself with the forces that were opposed to the extension of slavery, and soon became identified with the early republican organization. His many qualities of leadership gave him an influential part in the political life of his section of Northwestern Ohio. In 1861 he was elected a member of the Ohio Legislature, and was in that body for the two years while the patriotic men of the state were bending every effort toward keeping Ohio in the front rank of the loyal states. He stood side by side with such men as Tod, Brough, Sherman and Chase. He was an uncompromising supporter of the administration and the Union army, and in those trying days of politics he possessed the courage of his convictions and showed a bitter but tempered antagonism to every disloyal person and organization. He was not only an excellent party man, thoroughly informed upon party issues and principles, but also had a wide knowledge of political history in general and was regarded as one of the best debaters in the House. While not what might be called a college orator, his words had a conciseness and clearness and were uttered with such rugged sincerity that on many occasions they were more effectual than were the speeches of lawyers and scholars. At the end of his term in the Legislature he was defeated in the convention for a re-nomination by Octavius Waters, a "war" democrat. This nomination was a compromise in the interests of harmony between the loyal or war democrats and the republicans of the county, the object and the result being to unite all loyal people in the county in support of the administration of President Lincoln. At the end of Mr. Waters' term Mr. Masters was again elected representative and served another term of two years. He was a member of the Legislature at the beginning of the reconstruction era. Throughout Northwestern Ohio Mr. Masters was most familiarly known as Colonel Masters. This title was derived from his service during the '40s as a member of the State Militia. With all his activity as a business man and in politics, Mr. Masters' influence was equally important and noteworthy in behalf of social, educational and religious interests and in behalf of his own family and community. His home in the early days was known as "the traveling preachers' home." He was one of the men chiefly responsible for the upbuilding and strengthening of the influence of the Methodist Church in Northwestern Ohio. Perhaps the best general view of the life and character of Colonel Masters is found in a brief memorial written by Rev. S. L. Roberts, one of the early Methodist ministers of Northwestern Ohio, who came to that section of the state in the fall of 1857. He says : " One of my early acquaintances was Ezekiel Masters, who resided on his farm at Masters Corners. He was dealing in stock, doing what was then a large business in buying and shipping. As a man he had a splendid physique, being large and of commanding presence, looking like a born leader in any circle. "At that time \his ambition was success in business, in which he had the confidence of all classes, and his word was as good as a note. Having good judgment, coupled with promptness and honesty, success attended his efforts, until crippled by the mistakes of others with 1082 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO whom he was associated in business and for whose mistakes he suffered loss. In this his personal honesty was always at a premium, enabling him to move along in business and command all the money he needed, and his creditors never were allowed to suffer unless others put it beyond his control to take care of them. "Socially he was kind and generous, ever ready to lend a helping hand to the needy and suffering. He was reliable and unflinching in his friendship and did not know how to betray those who trusted in him. As a Christian gentleman and churchman, he had clear, well defined views and convictions, for which he was ever ready to stand. He was a Methodist in creed, government and practice and held his church, first, but he was possessed with a broad catholicity that enabled him to honor and love others who differed from him. "In those days when the Methodist Episcopal church in Ohio was weak and many of its members were poor, he gave largely of his means to support the Sunday school and various benevolences of the church and especially to the support of the ministry, who always found in him a personal friend. "In his own home, where the true man is always at his best, I must and will gladly say that in all my life as an itinerant preacher I seldom if ever found his equal and never his- superior. He was living with his second wife, who was mother and step-mother over a large family of children, and while I have been in the home at all hours of day or night, I never heard a note of discord or saw an act that betrayed the least semblance of partiality among the children. He certainly governed his own house well, without the harsh methods which drive children from home instead of binding them to it. The success, respectability and social standing of his children to-day speak well for his guiding hand. "In later life his fellow men honored him with public office, which they never had reason to regret, as they always found that he stood for the right and could not be bribed or menaced into wrong doing against the interests of his constituents." It should also be mentioned that when the proposition of lay representation in the Methodist Church was first proposed he was strongly averse to the step, but when he found the church by popular vote desired the change, he accepted the decision, was elected to the first lay conference as a delegate, and by unanimous vote was made president of the conference. His first wife Mary (Oliver) Masters, died December 27, 1850. Her eight children were as follows : Sarah S., born August 1, 1837, now deceased ; Mahala A., born January 12, 1839, also deceased ; Hannah, born February 22, 1841; Nelson R., born February 24, 1843 ; Lydia 0., born February 27, 1845, now deceased ; William, born January 21, 1847, and who died at the age of two years eight months; Kesiah J., born February 28, 1849 ; and Ezekiel O., born December 22, 1850. The two oldest daughters, Sarah and Mahala, were married by joint ceremony July 12, 1857, Rev. S. L. Roberts officiating, the older to L. G. Ely and the younger to 0. S. Ely. L. G. and Sarah Ely became the parents of four children. O. S. and Mahala Ely had three children. The third in the family, Hannah, married Charles S. Stevens, and became the mother of seven children. Nelson R. Masters married Hannah Ruth VanBuskirk, and had three children. Lydia 0., the fifth of the family, married Charles H. Gorsuch and was the mother of three children. Kesiah J. married Lewis Haynes, and was the mother of seven children. Ezekiel O. married Addie E. Hull. On July 21, 1852, Colonel Masters married for his second wife Susanna B. Perkins. She was born in Defiance County, Ohio, in 1824, and at the time of her marriage was living at Pulaski in Williams County. Her father, John Perkins, was one of the first associate justices of the State of Ohio, and owned a large amount of land at Pulaski. Mrs. Masters died at her old home in Williams County, March 13, 1914, at the age of ninety-one. She was in many ways a remarkable woman. After her marriage she at once assumed the responsibilities connected with the care of her husband's first children and the maternal and filial affection that grew and ripened between them was in itself a beautiful tribute to her equable, cheerful disposition and depth of character. The seven children who grew up under her guidance always testified to her skilful, impartial and devoted care. In the early days she was a very skilful horseback rider and she often rode horseback from Pulaski to Montpelier, and she had the distinction of teaching the first school in Montpelier. Besides the care and instruction of her husband's first children, she became the mother of five sons and two daughters, namely : Elliott, born October 10, 1853 ; William C., born February 26, 1855 ; Charles H., born HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1083 March 28, 1856 ; Alpheus E., born October 17, 1857, now deceased; Mary A., born May 4, 1859; Ida L., born November 7, 1860 ; and Francis L., born July 27, 1865. Elliott married Martha V. Fulton, and they have three children. William C. never married and took care of his mother until her death. Charles H. married Alice A. Joy and they have two children. Alpheus E., deceased, married Lillian Parkhurst, and had one son. Mary married Walter Morse, who was killed on the Wabash Railway, she is now the wife of James H. Evers ; Ida, married Bishop Henry Barkley; Francis L. married Viola Barto, and second Leonora Gilbert, and has two children by the first wife. In conclusion should be quoted a few words from the compiler of the biography which has been chiefly used in the preparation of this sketch : "It may not be considered immodest in the writer—it should not—to say that the family ranks with the best families of the community, socially and intellectually. Nearly all the members have received a liberal education, and they are industrious and frugal. Among them are found farmers, mechanics, merchants, teachers, musicians, physicians, pharmacists, lawyers, legislators, ministers, soldiers, privates and commissioned officers. All the leading social orders find among them worthy members. Many civil offices—places of honor and responsibility—have been filled with credit from this kindred. Nearly every office and position in the church has also been held by members of the family. "But finally, perhaps the happiest thing that can be recorded concerning this large family is that peace and harmony and fraternal love reign throughout all its borders." ADAM CHARLES BOWERSOX. Twenty years membership in the Toledo bar has brought Adam C. Bowersox a large general practice as an attorney and many of the better distinctions which go with a long and creditable career in the profession. Mr. Bowersox not only represents an old Ohio family but also one that was established in America at the time of the Revolution. His great-grandfather and a brother came from Holland and enlisted and served in the army during the Revolutionary war. These older generations spelled the name Bauersachs. John Bowersox, grandfather of the Toledo lawyer, lived in Pennsylvania for some years, and in 1833 brought his family out to Northwestern Ohio. He located near Lindsey in Sandusky County, at a time when there were no roads and all the settlers were established in the midst of the heavy timber. The nearest market was Fremont, and sometimes the early settlers had to carry their produce on their backs since it was impossible even for a horse to get over the trails and roads. It was at Fremont in Sandusky County, Ohio, that Adam Charles Bowersox was born January 1, 1868. His father, Edward Bowersox, was born in Pennsylvania in 1825 and was seven or eight years of age when he accompanied the family to Sandusky County, Ohio. He was a farmer, and in his early years helped to build the Woodville Pike, the first stone road ever constructed in Ohio, extending from Perrysburg to the vicinity of Cleveland. Edward Bowersox was also a Union soldier, enlisting as a private in 1862 and serving for one year. In 1857 he married Miss Barbara Wiser, who came to this country from her native land, Baden, Germany, when she was eighteen years of age. Soon after her marriage her parents also came from Germany, but after a year returned to the Fatherland, where they died. Edward Bowersox died at the old homestead in Sandusky County, November 3, 1911, at the age of eighty-six, while his wife passed away there April 15, 1913, at the age of eighty-two. They had met and married at Fremont, and they are survived by seven children, three sons and four daughters : Louise, now Mrs. George Kinne, of Lakeside, Ohio ; Emma, Mrs. John Keiser, of Buffalo, New York ; Adam C. ; Minnie, Mrs. George Neufer, of Woodville, Ohio ; Lillie, who resides with a brother at Genoa, Ohio; John, who is head salesman with the Gabriel Vehicle Company at Cleveland ; and Henry, a. live stock dealer at Genoa, Ohio. Adam Charles Bowersox gained his early education in the public schools of Sandusky County. He also attended the high school at Fremont, and at the age of seventeen started to earn his own living as a teacher. For ten years he followed that profession both in Sandusky and Ottawa County, and almost entirely in the rural schools. Having definitely decided that he would become a lawyer, he entered the Ohio Northern University at Ada, where he attended the law department and was graduated LL. B. in June, 1897. In the same year he was admitted to the bar and on October 1, 1897, began practice at Toledo. He has always carried on an individual practice, but has had office associa- 1084 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO tions with a number of well known Toledo lawyers. He first had his office with O'Brien O'Donnell, who is now judge of the Probate Court of Lucas County. This office was in the Spitzer Building, and after occupying thothosearters for about two years Mr. Bowersox moved into the office with Mr. O'Hara in the same building, where he remained about a year. His next office companion was E. L. Twig, also in the Spitzer Building. After two years he became an office associate with Charles Longwell in the Gardner Building, but in a short time came back to the Spitzer Building, where he officed with Frank Dotson until he moved to his present suite on the fifth floor of that building. Mr. Bowersox has a large general practice, having handled a number of criminal cases, and besides his law business is also interested in the oil fields of Kentucky with Mr. Wixom, and deals to a considerable extent in both city and farm property. Politically he is a republican. He is a member of the Toledo Bar Association, Toledo Commerce Club, the Charles Sumner Lodge No. 137, Knights of Pythias, Knights and Ladies of Security and the Toledo German Maennerchor. Mr. Bowersox has always been fond of music and has a natural baritone voice of wonderful range, and he sings almost equally well either the base or tenor parts. He has done much choir singing in churches. He was reared a Methodist, and attends the Epworth Methodist Church of Toledo. On December 17, 1897, a few weeks after he began practice as a lawyer, Mr. Bowersox married Miss Maud O. Brown, of Catawba Island, Ottawa County, Ohio. Her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Calvin Brown still reside there. Mrs. Bowersox was born and educated on Catawba Island, and is first and last a home woman, devoted to her own household. They have one daughter, Lucille May, who is a member of the class of 1918 in the Scott High School. Their home is at 1033 Lincoln Avenue. For recreation Mr. Bowersox occasionally goes hunting or fishing. JUSTIN HOWARD TYLER. Henry County has always been noted for the strong men at her bar. One of the most eminent of these, and a man who was honored by his fellow citizens in almost every possible way during his lifetime, was Justin Howard Tyler. Mr. Tyler was a son of Peter and Eunice Hebard Tyler, and was born in Leyden, Franklin County, Massachusetts, on the 15th of November, in the year 1815. His residence in Massachusetts was brief, for the family removed to Oswego County, New York, when he was but one year old. Here Mr. Tyler passed his youth and early days of manhood, being employed on the farm during the summer months, and in teaching during the winter. In addition to attending the common schools of the day, he attended an academy where the foundation for an education was laid. It was in the year 1839, at the age of twenty-four years, that Mr. Tyler came to Circleville, Ohio, where an elder brother had preceded him and was engaged in teaching. Three years were spent in teaching school at Circleville, during which time he also studied law under the leading lawyer of that place. In the fall of 1841, he was admitted to the bar at Mount Vernon, Ohio, but continued teaching a good part of the time until the year 1845. Mr. Tyler was prevented from beginning the practice of the law immediately, because of his limited means, and the practice of law in those early days was not remunerative. In 1844, he moved to Huron, in Erie County and practiced law there until the year 1852. His first visit to Napoleon was made in the year 1844, but it lasted for only a few days. He was then on his way to Indiana, where he intended to locate, and where he already was the owner of a little property. In deference to his wife, he returned to Huron, and resumed the practice of the law there. In 1852, he determined to locate at the county seat of Henry County, to which place he immediately moved with his growing family. Owing to the excellent health which he enjoyed, and the good understanding of the law which was natural with him, for his mind ran along logical lines, Mr. Tyler immediately took a front rank among the leading lawyers of Northwestern Ohio. This position he maintained to the time of his death. He was a conservative lawyer, and it was always his policy to discountenance rather than promote litigation. A mature deliberation was always given to the cases of his clients before he counselled them. In addressing a jury he appealed to the judgment rather than the passion of the jurors. It is said that more young attorneys obtained their legal education in the office of Mr. Tyler, than in the office of any other practitioner in the county. This was due to the unusual interest which he took in fitting young men to become lawyers. Several of his former students are still practicing in Napoleon. HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1085 It is very natural that a popular young lawyer could not well avoid being drawn into the arena of politics in the primitive days of a county seat. Any one who knew Mr. Tyler would never class him as an office seeker. It was always a case of the office seeking the man. He had been in Napoleon only two years when he was elected to the office of prosecuting attorney, and re-elected at the expiration of his first term. He served as mayor of Napoleon for several terms, and also was one of the main persons in building up the school system of the village and city to their present high standard.. This he did as president of the school board. In 1881, he was chosen to represent the county in the Ohio Legislature, being elected on the republican ticket by a large majority in a county where the majority of the other democratic candidates exceeded a thousand. On all political questions, Mr. Tyler always entertained clear and settled convictions. Originally, he had been a democrat, but upon the organization of the republican party, cast his lot with it and ever after was identified with that party. Up to they time of his election as representative, he was the only republican ever elected to that office in Henry County. In every measure looking to the advancement and progress of Napoleon and Henry County, Mr. Tyler took an active interest and contributed of his means to every worthy cause. In the proceedings that resulted in the incorporation of Napoleon, he was active and was elected the first mayor of the village. He was also successful in business affairs and became one of the substantial citizens of the city and county. In religious matters he was generous in his views, contributing to many religious denominations over the county, and the lot on which the Presbyterian Church stands at Napoleon today, was his gift to that society. On the 9th of June, 1847, Mr. Tyler was married to Miss Alice Olmsted. He was the father of seven children by his first wife. All but two died in their early years. One of these children, Romaine, served for a time during the Civil war and died at Napoleon in 1879. His wife died on the 2d of January, 1860, leaving two children to the care of their father. A little more than a year later, in February, 1861, he was married to Hattie M. Peck, of Franklin County, Massachusetts. Of this marriage four children were born. One of these, Julian Howard Tyler, practiced law for a time in Napoleon, as a partner of his father, and then removed his office to Toledo, where he soon acquired a high position at the bar as a member of the firm of Swayne, Hayes & Tyler. He retired from this firm to take a seat on the Common Pleas bench, to which he had been elected. After serving three years of the term, he resigned to again enter the practice of law, a move which caused general regret among his constituents. For several years he has served as one of the five members of the board of education, to which he has been twice elected. Another son, William Peck Tyler, also studied law with his brother, and practiced law in Toledo for a number of years until his death, December 7, 1909. Justin Howard Tyler died in Napoleon, Ohio, June 2, 1910, without ever knowing that his son William Peck Tyler had died, he being too aged and feeble at the time to break this news to him. ARTHUR W. KORTHEUER. Toledo and the world of art generally suffered a great loss in the sudden death of Arthur W. Kortheuer on December 16. 1914. A resident of Toledo thirty years, he had not only given the best of his individual genius but had inspired much of what is best in musical appreciation and culture in that city. As a composer, per former and lecturer his name was familiar among thousands of audiences both in his native America and in the great musical centers abroad. Toledo properly claims him as one of its men of genius, and much of what he accomplished will live on to be appreciated by generations to come. Professor Kortheuer was born at Terre Haute, Indiana, and was fifty-one years of age at the time of his death. Both his parents were musically gifted, and his first teacher was his father, the Rev. H. Kortheuer, D. D., who was both a clergyman and a musician, having been a professor of music, history and botany in various institutions of learning both in Germany and America. His father was also author of several church hymn books and a composer of vocal scores. Beginning the study of the piano and violin in childhood, at the age of nine years Arthur W. Kortheuer made his first appearance in a concert given by his brother, H: 0. C. Kortheuer, the celebrated pianist of New York City. At the age of fourteen he made a concert tour through a number of cities in Ohio and Indiana, and it shows his powers as an instrumentalist when it is stated that he played such compositions as Liszt's Rhapsodies Nos. 2, 13 1086 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO and 14, Chopin's Valses, Fantasie Impromptu, several Nocturnes and the Cavalry Polonaise, Schubert's Impromptus and some work of his own composition. At the age of sixteen he was graduated from the public schools of Bucyrus, Ohio. His father, realizing the splendid talents of his son, then sent him abroad to Germany for a three years' course in the famous Royal Conservatory of Leipsic. There he came in touch with some of the foremost masters of the time. His teachers in the piano were Dr. Carl Reinecke, Dr. Bruno Zwintscher, Theodore Coccius and Albert Eibenschutz. In theory, choral and orchestral conducting and the science of orchestration, his masters were Prof. Carl Reinecke, Dr. Oscar Paul, Dr. Carl Piutti and Solomon Jadassohn. His diploma from the Royal Conservatory of Leipsic was in itself a proof of his undoubted talent as well as his diligence. On his return to America Professor Kortheuer first traveled as a concert pianist and conductor of the Euterpe Opera Company. In 1884 he was induced to come to Toledo to take charge of the music at the Smead School and also to give private lessons. In a few weeks his class numbered over fifty pupils. Miss Smead, head of the school, has found occasion at different times to speak her highest appreciation of Mr. Kortheuer's work during the twenty odd years he had charge of the music classes there. At three different times Professor Kortheuer went abroad to continue his association with some of the greatest masters of Europe and improve his individual technique and his knowledge of the science of composition and orchestration. While in Berlin he was especially favored by being the pupil and close friend of the great pianist and composer, Waldimar Bargiel, the brother of Frau Clara Schumann. Bargiel's tone and touch on the piano were exquisite, and his motto was "A player who cannot sing on the piano has not a true musical soul." In Kortheuer this master found an executant after his own ideal, and often complimented him on the soulful quality of his playing. Professor Kortheuer was not only a technically finished artist, but music was the core of his life and spirit, and the art which the public heard was only the expression of the deep current of beauty which flowed through his soul. One might quote from a large range of tributes paid to this master musician of Toledo, but doubtless the best tribute to his genius is found in the words of an eminent Toledo citizen, not a professional musician but one who possesses an unusually wide and appreciative knowledge of the arts in general. This is what Brand Whitlock says of him : "Mr. Kortheuer is a master of the piano; he conducts an orchestra with authority and he is a composer of beautiful music ; besides he is an excellent speaker, and his versatile talents prove themselves in his lecture recitals. His courses on the history of music, on church music and in the Ring of the Niebelung are most pleasing and edifying. Mr. Kortheuer proves the universality of his art by welcoming everyone to his place and right in it. While of course Mr. Kortheuer does not pretend to interpret an opera on a piano, nevertheless, by delicate suggestion, by explanation and by beautiful illustration on the keys, he so stimulates the imagination of his hearers that they come away not only with the delight of remembered music, but with a more highly developed appreciation and a greater capacity for enjoyment. "Mr. Kortheuer is almost as much a lecturer as he is the pianist ; he speaks easily, gracefully and without affectation ; he has the great gift of a sense of humor, and he can give his subject a wide range of interest. This is because he has not permitted himself to be narrowed by his art. He has studied and traveled and read, he has done much independent thinking, and more than all he has the culture that comes of developed human sympathies. It is more than a pleasure to attend his lecture-recitals—it is an education and a means of development to those who wish to make broader and deeper their understanding of art and of life." Something of the same thought was developed by George W. Stevens, director of the Toledo Museum of Art, who after referring to the well known fact that many a great scholar or master painter are able to execute but not to teach, speaks of the rare qualities of Mr. Kortheuer, "who as a composer has created master works, whose exceptional talents as an artist and a conductor of artists are acknowledged in the musical world, and who is able also when he takes the lecture platform to give to the laymen that which so many men of great talent are unable to impart." Further he says : "His audiences on many occasions have been brought to their feet, so powerfully has he aroused their interest and enthusiasm and because of this ability to sway those who come before him, he is a true teacher, than which there is no HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1087 greater calling, for by such as these the world is taught to see, to hear and to understand beauty." Mr. Kortheuer organized the first symphony orchestra in Toledo. That was in 1897, when, with the co-operation of others, he founded The Toledo Symphony Orchestra, an organization of fifty professional musicians with Mr. Kortheuer as conductor. Many regular subscription concerts were given in the Valentine Theater to crowded houses. He also conducted The Toledo Concert Orchestra, The Centennial Orchestra, The Young Men's Christian Association Orchestra, and The Zenobia Opera Company. He was a recognized authority on Wagner, and gained a wide reputation through his lectures on the famous Wagner opera, the Ring of the Niebelung, which with other lectures and recitals were heard in many different cities of the United States. He was not only a musician of the highest order but an accomplished student, advanced thinker and linguist. He served as president of the leading literary society of Toledo, and frequently lectured on various sociological and scientific subjects. It will serve as a record of some of his best works and also to indicate his wide range of knowledge to mention the titles of some of his better known lectures and addresses : The Religion, of our Teutonic Ancestors ; the Orchestra ; Richard Wagner's Tetralogy ; the Ring of the Niebelung, I, the Rheingold, II the Walkuere, III, Siegfried, IV, the Goetterdaemmerung ; the Six Great Masters of Classic Music ; Beethoven ; History of Music ; Rise and Development of the Opera ; the Evolution of Church Music ; the. Origin of, the Oratorio ; Music of the Christian Era ; Influence of the Netherlanders on the Art of Music in the various countries of Europe ; Women's Part in the Progress of the Human Race ; The Unequal Standard of Morals ; Philanthropy : The Ethics of the Ministry ; The Record of the English in the Great International Wars that shaped the Destiny of Great Britain and all Europe. Mr. Kortheuer's own compositions have been played and sung, some of them for almost a generation. He was particularly solicitous in the writing of songs, and his song "Love's Rapture" was received with acclaim in all the musical centers of Europe and America. Some of his better known compositions were : Love's Rapture ; Ah, Love Awake ; Under the Trees ; Mollie Pitcher, a battle song; Alone ; Freedom Triumphant, a national song; Polo- naise in E Major, published in Germany ; Fantasie Polonaise, rendered in Germany and for which he received a prize, an unusual honor in as much as the composer was an American ; Valse Brillante, Op. 14; March Arabesque, for four hands ; Grand Organ Fugue in E Flat Major ; and Silent Night and Only You, his last works which are still unpublished. Mr. Kortheuer is survived by his widow Mrs. Mary H. Kortheuer, who is more of an artist than a musician, and a daughter Margaret, who was educated at Miss Smead's School in Toledo and the Toledo High School. He was also survived by two sisters and two brothers : Miss Sophia Kortheuer of Toledo ; Mrs. T. C. Ackaret of Massillon, Ohio ; Herman C., of Cleveland ; and Paul G., of New York. E. L. SOUTHWORTH. The oldest member of the Toledo Produce Exchange in point of service is Mr. E. L. Southworth, senior member of Southworth and Company, a prominent grain and seed firm well known in Toledo and also members of the Chicago Board of Trade. The firm was established in 1881, and ever since that time Mr. Southworth has been closely identified with the Produce Exchange and has been one of the primary factors in making Toledo a great grain center. He has in fact been engaged in the grain business ever since early manhood. He was born in Geneva, New York, May 31, 1848, came west as a boy and was educated in the public schools of Ypsilanti, Michigan, and the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Since 1868 his home has been in Toledo, where in that year he entered the employ of the veteran firm of C. A. King and Company, grain commission merchants. He was one of their employes for twelve years, and then transferred his relations to the Richard Hallaran and Company. With the death of Mr. Hallaran he became head of the grain firm of Southworth, Paddock and Company, and after five years the business was reorganized as Southworth and Company. The present members of this firm are Mr. Ezra L. Southworth and Kenton D. Keilholtz. Their offices are in the Second National Bank Building. They do a large business throughout the Middle West, and this is one of the oldest and most conservative and prominent firms on the local exchange. Mr. Southworth is a thirty-second degree Mason, being affiliated with Sanford L. Collins Lodge No. 396, Free and Accepted 1088 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Masons, is a Knight Templar, and also a mem- ber of Zenobia Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is a charter member of Zenobia Shrine and is one of the fourteen surviving members of the old Maumee Tribe of Shriners, which was organized in Toledo in an early day. The survivors still meet once a year, on the last Saturday in September. His prominence in the Toledo Produce Exchange is indicated by the fact that he has twice served that organization as president. He is also a member of the Toledo Club and the Toledo Commerce Club. His favorite recreation is fishing, and his friends call him an all around naturalist. When he can get away from business there is no pleasure that appeals to him more than traversing his favorite trout streams. REV. ANDREW J. SUPLICKI. Hardly any church in the metropolitan City of Toledo passes in the beneficence of its work and the scope of its activities that of St. Anthony's Parish, one of the largest Polish congregations in Northwest Ohio. Its spiritual progress as well as its material improvement have. been largely the result of its beloved pastor, Rev. Andrew J. Suplicki, who has been its pastor for fifteen years, the period in which the greatest growth of the church has taken place. A native of Poland, but a resident of America since he was twelve years of age, Father Suplicki has been well fitted by nature and training for the heavy responsibilities he has carried so many years in St. Anthony 's Parish. He was. born October 17, 1869, in Zlotowo, Poland, a son of Joseph and Catherine (Ratajczak) Suplicki. As a boy he attended a parochial school in his native country, but in 1881 his parents emigrated to America, locating in Cleveland. Father Suplicki finished his primary education in the parochial school at St. Stanislaus in Cleveland. After it was determined that his life should be devoted to the priesthood he began his collegiate education at St. Mary's College in Dayton, Ohio, afterwards attended St. Jerome's College in Berlin, Ontario, and finished his theological course in St. Mary's Theological Seminary at Cleveland. After being ordained December 21, 1893, at St. Mary's Seminary, he was at once assigned to duty in St. Anthony's Catholic Church at Toledo, and served as assistant priest there for about six months. In July, 1894, he was made pastor of St. Adalbert's Church in Berea, Ohio, and remained with that parish until he was formally installed April 8, 1901, as pastor of St. Anthony's Church at Toledo. The center of this large and influential Polish Parish is at the corner of Junction Avenue and Nebraska Avenue, the surrounding district being almost entirely composed of inhabitants of Polish birth or descent. St. Anthony's was founded in the summer of 1882 under Bishop Gilmore and with Rev. V. Lewandowski as its first pastor. At that time three lots at the corner of Nebraska Avenue and Junction Street were purchased for the use of the parish. The first church edifice was a small frame structure erected and dedicated November 12, 1882. The following year a frame schoolhouse was built and the Felician Sisters took charge of the school. With the growth of the parish and the improvement of its financial condition two other lots were purchased, and in 1890 a larger and more commodious church was begun. The dedication of this building was celebrated July 15, 1894, by Bishop Horstman. A few weeks later the worshipers who had overcrowded the old church moved into the new home. Since its first pastor St. Anthony's has had the following priests : Rev. M. F. Orzechowski, Rev. E. M. Slowikowski, Rev. N. Kolasinski, Rev. F. S. Motulewski, and Rev. Andrew J. Suplicki. In, the fifteen years since Father Suplicki took charge of St. Anthony's Parish many notable improvements have been made. One of the most conspicuous is the St. Anthony's Parish house or rectory at 1416 Nebraska Avenue. Many improvements have been made on the buildings and grounds including the installation of electric lighting, the laying of pavement in the court between the church and school, the construction of iron fences and altogether the church and its surrounding group of buildings comprise a property that is an ornament to the locality and a matter of pride to every communicant. The value of the church property is now estimated at $200,000. More than 1,000 families are enrolled in the parish, and over 1,000 children attend the parochial school, with fifteen teachers in charge. In order the better to extend the influence of the church in his parish Father Suplicki issued a weekly paper printed in the Polish language under the title of the Kuryer Katolicki. Father Suplicki is president of the Kuryer Ohioski Publishing Company, is vice president for Ohio of the Polish Catholic HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1089 Union, and was vice president of the executive committee of the Polish Congress held in 1904. A devout and earnest priest, Father Suplicki well understands how to reach the hearts of his people and has been a worker with them as well as a pastoral leader. To movements affecting some work of improve-. ment or the general welfare both within the parish and in the city at large, he gives his generous support, and in fact wields an influence much beyond the boundaries of his own church. WILLIAM CORLETT. Within the recollection and under the observation of William Corlett, who is now enjoying a well earned retirement at his home in Waterville, Lucas County, much of the real history of Toledo and vicinity has transpired. When he was a boy a larger part of the present business district was a swamp. His family has been identified with Toledo more than eighty years. As a boy he saw some of those picturesque incidents which have given interest to many pages of pioneer history. He recalls how one Monday morning he was much frightened when a big Indian walked into the Corlett home while his mother was washing and demanded food. On another occasion he and some small boys were on LaGrange Street and hid behind the only building in that vicinity when Indian John chased French Pete—both well known characters of that day—up the street with a knife. For a great many years William Corlett was connected with business and public affairs in Toledo before he retired. He is a veteran of the Civil war and has had much part in army circles since. He is now president of the Pioneer Association, and has been one of its most enthusiastic members and one of the board ever since it was incorporated. When the Pioneer Association succeeded in getting an appropriation from the State Legislature to purchase ground and erect a memorial at Fort Meigs, Mr. Corlett was made secretary of the commission appointed by the Legislature and he has also been a member of the commission for the maintenance of the memorial throughout his district, and is now serving his second term as its president. He was born in Toledo September 19, 1839. His father was born on the Isle of Man, and when twenty-seven years of age landed at Boston, walking from there to New York State. He learned the trade of stone mason at Syracuse and it was in 1833 that he first saw the Town of Toledo. Then returning to Syracuse, he married, and in 1834 located permanently in this western city. He remained a resident there and followed his trade until a short time before his death in 1876, which occurred on a farm near Vienna, Michigan. He and his wife died within a week of each other. His wife was Ann Woodiwiss, who was born in England and came to America with her parents. William Corlett attended some of the early schools of Toledo, and was graduated in the second class of the high school. The class of the first year had only three graduates. In the days of his boyhood he recalls the fact that only one house stood on the opposite bank of the river directly across the center of Toledo. After finishing his education he went into the dry goods business with the firm of Keeler, Hunt & Company, and afterwards had a stock of goods as an independent merchant on Monroe Street. Subsequently he was employed by Mr. Eaton, and was directly connected with the opening of the Lion Store. He was with Mr. Eaton until 1888. In 1890 Mr. James M. Brown was appointed postmaster under President Harrison, and Mr. Corlett was selected as assistant postmaster, an office he filled until 1894. He then resumed a business connection with the Neuhausel Bros., following which he was appointed cashier by Mr. Waldorf in the internal revenue office, and remained there thirteen years. He then retired from active life and has since lived in Waterville. During his vigorous young manhood in 1861 Mr. Corlett volunteered his services for the preservation of the Union and went out with Battery H of the First Ohio Light Artillery. He was in service with the army of the Potomac until 1863, when he was granted an honorable discharge on account of disability. He is a charter member of Forsyth Post, Grand Army of the Republic at Toledo, and served as its commander in 1884-85. He is also a charter member of Toledo Post, Grand Army of the Republic, which he served as commander in 1905. He is a charter member of Westminster Church at Toledo. As a child he attended Sunday school conducted in the First Methodist Church when the building stood on Huron Street between Walnut and Locust. This church was subsequently moved back and now stands on the alley. Mr. Corlett is a republican, but has never been a seeker for official honors, and the public services he has rendered 1090 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO came as honors without his solicitation. He took his first degrees in Masonry in Rubicon Lodge at Toledo. Mr. Corlett was married at Cleveland August 23, 1870, to Miss Jane Adair Trownsell. She died May 10, 1872. Mr. Corlett's only surviving child is by this union. She is Jane, now Mrs. J. S. Draper, and has four children. On July 20, 1876, he married Jane Elizabeth Marshall at Bowling Green, Ohio. She died March 26, 1879. On September 17, 1903, at Westminster Church in Toledo he married Clara Boyer. WILLIAM H. H. REEDER. The Dime Savings Bank Company of Toledo, of which William H. H. Reeder is president, though not the largest bank in point of resources in Northwest Ohio, has a capacity equal to any for rendering a safe and conservative service to thousands of its depositors. On June 15, 1915, the handsome new home of the Dime Savings Bank at the corner of Adams and Superior streets was opened for inspection to the public. A handsome building, of pleasing classical architecture, it has the upper floors devoted to office purposes, while the banking rooms are models of modern equipment and convenience, and protected by safeguards against every hazard that might endanger the valuable interests entrusted to the keeping of the institution. A. branch of the Dime Savings Bank is maintained at Broadway and Western Avenue. About the time the new bank building was opened a statement of resources showed over $3,000,000, with deposits aggregating about $2,800,000. The bank then had a capital of over $200,000 and a surplus of over $100,000, and in January, 1916, after a very prosperous year, the directors increased the capital stock to $300,000, and made arrangements for the opening of a new branch at Dorr Street and Detroit Avenue. During 1915 the deposits increased more than $1,000,000. The bank is an approved depository for the United States Postal Savings and depository for the State of Ohio, Lucas County and Board of Education. The officers are : W. H. H. Reeder, president ; J. S. Hallaran and F. W. Bainbridge, vice presidents; and R. V. Hodge, cashier. Other directors besides the executive officers just named are James Hodge, J. P. Coates and Dr. L. F. Towers. The bank pays 4 per cent on savings and time deposits. William H. H. Reeder has been a resident of Toledo since January 1, 1890. In the past quarter of a century he has attained a place of commanding prominence in Toledo's affairs. He was educated technically for the profession of pharmacist, and on first coming to Toledo was connected with the wholesale drug house of West and Truax on Summit Street until their disastrous fire. From that time until the organization of the Dime Savings Bank Company in November, 1900, he conducted a general insurance business with offices in the Gardner Building on Madison Avenue. Mr. Reeder is a man of vigorous executive ability, unqualified integrity, and in the years he has lived in Toledo has gained the complete confidence of his associates and clients as a conservative business man. It was on the basis of this record that he was elected president of the Dime Savings Bank Company at its organization, and he has been re-elected time and again to that office. The directors of the bank embrace many of the representative business men and capitalists of Toledo, and they are not only personally interested in the safe and conservative management of the bank but have other large property interests in the city. Before the new bank home was opened the bank was located at the opposite corner of Adams and Superior streets in the Smith and Baker Building. Mr. Reeder was born near Dunkirk, a little village in Hardin County, Ohio, December 13, 1867, a son of W. W. and Sarah E. (Ransbottom) Reeder. His father was born hear Lima in Allen County, Ohio, and his mother in Hardin County. W. W. Reeder as a young man trained himself for the career of druggist, but his business activities were interrupted during the Civil war when he volunteered as a private in the One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio Infantry, and took part in several historic campaigns. The captain of his company was James L. Booth. In 1865, after his return from the army he married and then opened a drug store at West Cairo in Allen County, Ohio. This village is six miles north of Lima. He continued a successful business man until his death in 1897, followed by his wife in 1898. They were the parents of five children. Mrs. H. M. Yant lives in Toledo; R. M. Reeder is also of .Toledo ; Mrs. W. J. Hall lives at Worcester, Massachusetts; and Mrs. J. W. Davis has her home at Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. William H. H. Reeder acquired his elementary education in the public schools of Allen County, Ohio, and in 1884 graduated HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1091 from the high school at West Cairo. He first took up the study of commercial law, but being closely associated with his father in the drug business he turned his experience in that line to good account and was given a diploma as a registered pharmacist. As already stated he was in the profession of pharmacist for several years after coming to Toledo. A loyal democrat, Mr. Reeder does what he can to promote the best interests of the party, though he is in no sense a radical partisan. He is affiliated with the National Union, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Toledo Commerce Club, the Maumee River Yacht Club, and finds a special pleasure in performing his duties as a worker in the Broadway Methodist Episcopal Church of Toledo. He has for many years been president of the board of trustees of this church, and in 1904 he was elected a lay delegate to the general conference of the church at Los Angeles. He is a member of the board of trustees of the Deaconess' Home and Hospital at Toledo, an institution endowed by the late Stephen W. Flower, and also one of the trustees of the Lakeside Camp Meeting Association, of Lakeside, Ottawa County, Ohio. Lakeside, "on Lake Erie" and controlled by this association, is one of America's beauty spots and thousands of people from all over the United States annually visit this splendid resort. Mrs. Reeder is also a devout and consistent Methodist, and is a daughter of the late Reverend Henry Boyers of the Central Ohio Conference. Mrs. Reeder was born in Darke County, Ohio, was educated in the college at Ada and the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, and she and Mr. Reeder were married April 3, 1888. They are the parents of four children. William B. is a graduate of the Toledo High School, graduated from Oberlin College in 1914, and is now connected with the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company at Akron. Robert H. graduated from the Toledo High School in 1913 and is now in his second year at Oberlin College. Selena Ellen graduated at the Broadway School and is now a student at the Smead School for Girls. John F. is still in public school. The family reside at 1328 Broadway. HON. OKEE M. PALMER. There occasionally rises a man. who upsets all political traditions and even though he may be candidate for a very minor office his election becomes a landmark in local politics. While it constituted a general surprise, it was also a matter of gratulation on the part of all well thinking citizens of Henry County when Okee M. Palmer was elected a member of the State Legislature in the fall of 1914. The surprising part of it was that he was elected as a republican. Henry County had not elected a republican for this office in thirty-five years, and the entire history of the county shows that only one other republican had been sent from this district to the Legislature. Mr. Palmer will give an excellent account of himself as a legislator, and his popularity as a genial and wholesome citizen has been further increased by his course in representing the interests of the county. In the early part of his career MD. Palmer was in the far northwest and exercised more than an individual influence in civic affairs in the Territory of Idaho. For many years his home has been at Napoleon, where he is associated in the real estate and loan business in the office with Capt. Charles E. Reynolds. Mr. Palmer is a Henry County man, having been born two miles from Napoleon in a log cabin south of the Maumee River on February 26, 1862. He grew up on a farm, had a common school education, and after graduating from the Napoleon High School spent several years on the farm in the summer seasons and teaching school in the winters. Altogether for about fifteen years he pursued this dual vocation. When still a young man he went out to Idaho and was connected with the public schools of that territory five years. He also did other work, and took an active hand in politics. He was a delegate to local and other republican conventions, and cast his vote in favor of the statehood movement in 1890. Since his return to Ohio in 1893 Mr. Palmer has been active in business affairs, especially in the real estate and loan business. His grandfather, Rundall Palmer, was born in Stonington, Connecticut, of New England parentage. His ancestors came to this country before the Revolutionary war, and some of them were represented in that struggle. Rundall Palmer married Miss Julia Briscoe. Nearly a hundred years ago they migrated west and settled in the Western Reserve of Ohio in Huron County and in Fitchville Township on the fire lands. They were a part of the large colony of Connecticut people who settled and began the work of development in that section of the state. Runclall Palmer acquired a tract of Government land. 1092 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO and lived the life of a typical pioneer. His death occurred when he was eighty-nine years of age, his wife having preceded him to the beyond. Both were active members of the Congregational Church, and in politics he voted the whig ticket. Rundall Palmer and wife moved to Henry County in 1857 and were also accounted early settlers in this district. Nathan Palmer, father of the republican representative from Henry County, was one of five sons and a daughter and was born in Huron County, Ohio, November 18, 1822. He grew up among primitive conditions, and was married in Huron County to Miss Sarah Close, a native of Sullivan, Ashland County, where she was born in 1830% Her parents had likewise come from Connecticut in the early days, and her father, Deacon Benjamin Close, the first settler on Close road in that county, was killed when about middle aged while trying to handle a team of vicious young horses. He was deacon in and both he and his wife were active members of the Congregational Church. They had sixteen children. Mrs. Palmer was a teacher some years before her marriage. After the birth of one child, Nathan Palmer and wife moved to Henry County and located in the midst of the woods. By purchases from time to time he acquired an estate of 380 acres, and was one of the prominent and very successful farmers and land owners of the county. His death occurred at Napoleon, where he and his wife spent their later years, in 1912, while his wife passed away in 1905. They had been married more than half a century. Both were members of the Presbyterian Church„ and in politics Nathan Palmer was a republican. Of the children born to his parents, Okee M. Palmer is the only survivor. By inheritance he came into possession of the splendid homestead acquired and developed by his father, and still owns that place. In 1905 at Napoleon Mr. Palmer married Mss Etta Breeding. Mrs. Palmer was born June 22, 1876, in Michigan, where she was reared and educated, she completing her education in Van Wert, Ohio. To their marriage has been born one child, Sarah Esther, on February 17, 1907. This daughter is now attending the public schools. Mr. and Mrs. Palmer are attendants of the Presbyterian Church, and both are active in the Order of Eastern Star, and his affiliations with Masonry also include membership in Defiance Commandery of Knights Templar, the Napo leon Lodge and Chapter, and he is past master of the lodge, high priest of the chapter and past patron of the Eastern Star. FRANKLIN PEAIRS KENNISON. A lawyer by profession, Franklin P. Kennison was in practice at Toledo five years before he went with The Ohio Savings Bank & Trust Company as its attorney and trust officer. Mr. Kennison has the active supervision of one of the largest and most important departments of this bank and trust company, which with assets of almost $10,000,000 presents a picture of complete adequacy as a commercial, savings and fiduciary institution. The only living son of the late Charles C. and Adeline A. (Peairs) Kennison, his father having been an honored Ohio educator and newspaper man whose career is sketched in preceding paragraphs, Franklin Peairs Kennison was born October 14, 1881, near McConnellsville in Morgan County, Ohio. He is the only child of his parents. As a boy he attended public school at Zanesville and also at Tiffin, and in 1898 graduated from the high school of the latter city. He then entered the Heidelberg University where his father was a professor, and graduated with the Master of Arts degree in June, 1902. Mr. Kennison has been a resident of Toledo since 1903. He took up the study of law in the office of Doyle & Lewis, and was admitted to the bar by examination before the Supreme Court at Columbus in November, 1907. Returning to his preceptors he continued in active practice with Doyle & Lewis until February, 1910, at which time he accepted the position of trust officer of The Ohio Savings Bank and Trust Company. A number of qualities combined to make him the logical choice for the position of trust officer in The Ohio Savings Bank and Trust Company. He had the qualifications and experience of the successful young attorney. He is also versed in business routine, has judgment and a broad knowledge of human nature, and exemplifies that type so often described as a clean-cut young business man. He is also one of the directors of The Ohio Savings Bank & Trust Company. Since taking charge of the trust department Mr. Kennison has done much to extend its usefulness and make the splendid and almost unequalled facilities of this company known to the public. He is the author of a certain amount of the advertising literature issued by the bank, and especially noteworthy is the beautifully printed and en- HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1093 the subjects which form its title it also presents a forceful exhibit of the many departmalts and the splendid facilities brought toThe Ohio Savings Bank & Trust Company. Toledo Ice and Coal Company. He is a memher of the Lucas County Bar Association and gether under the Ohio corporation known as Mr. Kennison is also a director of The graved booklet of forty pages issued under the title " Concerning Wills and Trustees." While it is an advertisement, like much of modern advertising literature it is real literature, and while containing a general survey of the Ohio State Bar Association, of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Club and the Inverness Country Club, of Rubicon Lodge No. 237, Free and Accepted Masons, Fort Meigs Chapter No. 29, Royal Arch Masons, Toledo Council, Royal and Select Masters, and St. Omar Commandery No. 59, Knights Templar. He and his wife are members of the Second Church of Christ Scientist. At Toledo, October 9, 1907, Mr. Kennison married Miss Edna D. Bennett, daughter of William H. and Susie (Hueston) Bennett. Her mother died in Toledo in 1909. Her father at this writing is a coal operator with headquarters at Nelsonville, Ohio. He was for twenty years general freight and passenger agent of the Ann Arbor Railroad. Mrs. Kennison was born in Toledo, was educated in the public schools and in Gardner's School for Girls in New York City. She is well known and quite prominent socially, being a member of the Eurydice Club and musical herself, is interested in several musical organizations. Mr. and Mrs. Kennison have one daughter, Mary Elizabeth Kennison, born in Toledo, Ohio. While there is no one in Toledo who keeps more closely to his work during business hours, Mr. Kennison is a practicing advocate of the principle that every man should have a hobby. He is known among his many associates as an enthusiast on the subject of golf and fishing. While acknowledging the unfathomed depth and the intricacies of both pursuits, he confesses that he has enough knowledge of fishing and golf to constitute him an expert in theory if not in practice. Throughout the winter of 1915-16 Mr. Kennison followed the links over frozen ground and across the snow playing with a yellow ball. He is also somewhat of a connoisseur on fish- , ing tackle, and has perhaps as varied a collection of implements for pursuing the time hon- Vol II-28 ored sport of Isaak Walton as any other resident of Toledo. CHARLES CLINTON KENNISON. A man of striking talents and versatile ability, the late Charles Clinton Kennison impressed himself upon the life of Northwest Ohio largely as an educator. His was a life of service and he always enjoyed the association of cultured minds and gave freely to. others the riches of his own character and personality. He was born in Morgan County, Ohio, October 24, 1859, and was of English descent. The Kennisons settled in Maine about 1740. The lineage is traced back to David Kennison, who was the last surviving member of the Boston Tea Party and who lived to be one hundred and fifteen years of age. In Lincoln Park at Chicago is a granite boulder with a tablet bearing this inscription : "In Memory of David Kennison the last survivor of the Boston Tea Party who died in Chicago February 24, 1852, aged 115 years, and is buried near this spot. This stone is erected by the Sons of the Revolution, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Daughters of the American Revolution." A son of this patriot was Asa Kennison, who in turn was the father of Isaiah Kennison. Isaiah Kennison, father of the distinguished Ohio educator first named above, was born in East Pond District of Maine and came to Ohio with his parents when a very small boy. He located in Morgan County, Ohio, was elected and served as county treasurer of that county, and .in 1849 went to California during the gold rush and made a fortune. Returning to Ohio he bought a large estate on Muskingum River near McConnellsville. About 1885 he moved to Topeka, Kansas, and died there in 1891. His wife Mary (Adams) Kennison, who died when her son Charles C. was five weeks old, was a member of the same family as John Quincy Adams. Charles Clinton Kennison attended the common schools of Morgan County, studied law in a law office at McConnellsville, and later at the Ohio State University, but never graduated in that course. Both in early and mature years his mind ranged freely over a broad scope of subjects. He studied law and history at home and for many years was especially interested in mathematics. For five years he was a teacher in the public schools of Morgan County, taught accounting and mathematics in the Zanesville Business College from 1885 to 1891, and taught mathematics and was prin- 1094 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO cipal of the commercial department of Heidelberg University at Tiffin, Ohio, from 1892 to 1902. His wife was also a member of the faculty at Heidelberg from 1896 to 1903. From 1903 to 1907 Mr. Kennison was business manager of the Tiffin Tribune. He traveled through the West from 1907 to 1909, and died at San Bernardino, California, in January, 1909. His wife had died in Tiffin in April, 1907. He was gifted in many directions. He loved music, played the violin well, was artistically inclined, and displayed unusual talent as an illustrator. He did some illustrating for local papers, magazine covers, and some wood and steel engravings. Many opportunities were offered to him for work along these lines, but he preferred connection with the university on account of the opportunities for study and pleasant associations with students, who held him in high esteem and respect. He was always an active republican. Once he was candidate for mayor of Tiffin. Against a normally democratic plurality of 1,200 he made a strong campaign and was defeated by less than 300. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In June, 1880, in Morgan County, he married Adeline A. Peairs. The Peairs ancestry. was Scotch and Irish. She was born in January, 1862, a daughter of Joseph Peairs of Blue Rock, Ohio, and both her parents were natives of Morgan County and spent their lives there. HERMAN HENRY BIRKENKAMP. On January 7, 1914, death took from Toledo one of its former citizens and pioneers. Such was the vitality and vigor characterizing the career of the late H. H. Birkenkamp that his name still survives and has been continued unchanged as the title of a business as funeral director and embalmer which has been in existence at Toledo fully a half century. Two of his sons are now the active managers of this business, located at the corner of Broadway and Jervis Street. Men of such rugged mold and character as the late Herman Henry Birkenkamp are a credit to any community. He was well upwards of fourscore years when he died and had become identified with Toledo sixty years ago. He was born in Hanover, Germany, July 25, 1835, a son of John Henry and Grace (Wroden) Birkenkamp. His father was a German farmer, and both of them died in Hanover in 1853. The first twenty-one years of his life the late H. H. Birkenkamp spent in Hanover, where he gained a public school education, and for a time was employed in driving the team for the fire department in his home town. In 1856 he and his prospective bride and a colony of about fifty. other Hanovarians set out for the United States. They sailed from Hanover in the old ship Clio, and after a stormy voyage of seven weeks and two days landed in New York Harbor, September 22, 1856. Mr. Birkenkamp was accompanied by brothers and sisters, and one of the party was Miss Elizabeth A. Ehlert, who also came with others of her family. All these substantial Hanovarians settled at or around Toledo. Mr. Birkenkamp's brother, William, had settled in Toledo in 1853. He lived in that city nearly sixty years and died there July 28, 1913. When Mr. Birkenkamp arrived in Toledo he had a cash capital of 27 cents. Toledo was then just recovering from the severe cholera scourge which had devastated the city, and he was one of the willing workers ready to do his share in rehabilitating the cothmunity. His first employment was in sawing cordwood, for which he received $1.00, and this money was invested in a sawbuck. During the summer of 1858 he worked for the lumber firm of Thorne and Hathaway at the corner of St. Clair and Washington streets. While thus employed he broke his arm in 1860 and then worked as a night watchman until the spring of 1861. At that time he bought an old horse and dray and was in the transfer and delivery business until the fall of 1867. Gradually his operations extended and he set up a livery business, buying his first carriage in 1867. For a number of years he had one of the leading livery establishments in the city, and in 1877 he extended it to include the undertaking and embalming business. That soon took up all his time and energies and at the time of his death Mr. Birkenkamp was the oldest undertaker in Toledo. In the early days he located at the corner of Broadway and Jervis Street, and he and his wife were the third family to establish a home on what is now the south side. At that location he built his residence and also his business headquarters, and he continued active as a funeral director and embalmer until about 1901. Since then his two sons, Henry J. and William H., have been the active men in the business, though still continuing it under the old name. Miss Louise Birkenkamp has charge of the office as bookkeeper, buyer and manager. HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1095 The late Mr. Birkenkamp was a citizen of substantial ideals. He voted for the best man for the place and in a practical way he entered into every undertaking which was for the betterment of the city. He was highly regarded throughout Toledo and at home he found delight in a beautiful family companionship. The esteem in which he was held was well illustrated at the time of his funeral, which was one of the most largely attended in recent years. A long line of vehicles followed his body to its last resting place in Forest Cemetery. At the time of his death his business equipment included thirty-six white Arabian horses, sixteen carriages, three funeral cars, automobile equipment and ambulance, and this equipment was unexcelled by any other firm of the kind in Toledo. Since his death automobiles have more and more taken the place of horse drawn vehicles, and now only sixteen Arabian horses are retained. The firm now has the largest funeral chapel in the city, seating 300 people. The stables, garage and equipment are of the best class and maintained with splendid system and order. The location of the business is in the residential district, and on the second floor of the building are the display, trimming rooms and morgue. The firm now has four funeral cars, gray, white and black, and one of the finest invalid cars in the city. There is an automobile hearse, ambulance, and a number of limousines and coupes. The late Mr. Birkenkamp was a member of the Knights of the Golden Rule and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He and his wife were charter members of St. John's German Lutheran Church. Mr. Birkenkamp and Miss Elizabeth A. Ehlert had been sweethearts in Hanover, and they came to America on the same vessel. In Toledo on November 8, 1856, at the home of the German Reform minister, Reverend Eschmeier, at the corner of LaGrange and Erie streets, they were united in marriage and their companionship was as happy and ideal as it was prolonged. Mrs. Birkenkamp is still living, bright and active, and was seventy-eight years of age on June 28, 1916. They celebrated their silver wedding anniversary, and in 1906 the even more impressive event of the golden wedding, a day that was made memorable in their home on Broadway in the presence of their eight living children and numerous grandchildren. It indicates the optimistic temperament of the late Mr. Birkenkamp that he would tell his numerous friends of his intention to celebrate his diamond wedding anniversary, and though this was merely a genial way of stating his expectation of a long life it showed that he had no regrets for the past and that coming years cast no shadow upon him. Mr. and Mrs. Birkenkamp became the parents of ten children. Three sons and five daughters are still living, and there are also ten grandchildren. The two oldest of the children, now deceased, were : John C., who became an undertaker ancl Worked at his profession both at Chicago and Toledo, and who died at Toledo, February 24, 1902 ; and Mary Eleanor, who died at Toledo, May 24, 1880, at the age of nineteen. The living children in order of age are : Mrs. Fred Hake, of Toledo ; Mrs. George Rodenhauser, of Toledo; Miss Louise, who deserves much credit for the successful management of the business established by her father and is actively associated with her two brothers in its management ; Mrs. 0. Peth, of Toledo; Mrs. Albert Bersticker, of Toledo ; Herman W., the oldest of the sons and also living in Toledo ; and Henry J. and William H., who are carrying on the professional part of the business which their father established. These children were all born and reared in the old residence at Broadway and Jervis Street and were educated in the Toledo public schools. Henry J., the second youngest of the children, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. ALIES S. COHEN. As a business builder few Toledo citizens have .a record that compares favorably with that of A. S. Cohen. The ability to start a new enterprise is less conspicuous than that involved in both starting and carrying through the difficulties to permanent success. In a number of ways Mr. Cohen's name is identified with the business history of Toledo, where he has been a resident for fully half a century. He arrived in Toledo August 30, 1866. The greatest monument to his long and active career is The Cohen, Friedlander & Martin Company, cloak manufacturers, whose products under the trade label "Redfern" have for years been one of the recognized high grade brands and have been distributed all over the country. While the old firm name is still retained, both Friedlander and Martin have been out of the business for a number of years, and Mr. Cohen is proprietor and active head of the business. Besides the large plant 1096 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO at Toledo, the company maintain offices in Chicago and in the Northwest, and its distributing agents are found in all the larger towns and cities of the country. Few native Americans have had so successful a business career as Alies S. Cohen, who was born in the City of Warsaw, Russian Poland, February 8, 1842. His parents Levi and Annie Cohen were also natives of the same country, where they were reared, educated and married. In 1849, when A. S. Cohen was seven years of age, the family emigrated to America, landing in New York City, where the parents remained until their death. The mother passed away in 1856 and the father died January 29, 1883. He was a man of industrious habits, of quiet, reserved disposition, and he and his devoted wife were the parents of five children, two daughters and three sons. Mr. A. S. Cohen is the only son still living, but both his sisters survive, one a resident of New York City and the other of Troy, New York. During his early years spent in New York City Mr. Cohen attended both the graded and high schools. With the close of his school days he entered into the commercial world, and for many years has been one of its prominent features. For the past thirty years Mr. Cohen has been successfully engaged in the dry goods business, and for over twenty-five years has been a manufacturer of ladies' cloaks, suits and coats. He is president and treasurer of The Cohen, Friedlander & Martin Company, manufacturers of the Redfern garments, and his active partner is his son-in-law, L. S. Ottenheimer, vice president and secretary. In 1876 Mr. Cohen was associated with Joseph Koch in what was known as the Cohen & Koch Company, located at the corner of Summit and Madison streets in what was then known as the King Colburn Block. In 1883 the firm was reorganized and Mr. LaSalle was admitted to partnership, which became known as the LaSalle, Cohen and Koch Company, and thus continued until 1888, when Mr. Cohen withdrew and launched in his present business. Thus the present LaSalle and Koch Company owes much of its prosperity to the efforts Mr. Cohen put forth to establish one of the best known department stores in Northwest Ohio. In his business affairs Mr. Cohen has been keen, sagacious and active, and his value as a citizen and business man is widely known and recognized. To follow his career step by step and in detail would show that his success is due entirely to his untiring industry, his thorough knowledge of the business, his courteous treatment and above all, that most essential attribute of the man of large affairs, sterling honesty. Mr. Cohen is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club, is affiliated with Toledo Lodge No. 144, Free and Accepted Masons, and politically is a republican. While his time for years has been pretty well taken up with business affairs, he has not neglected a public spirited interest in all movements for the betterment of Toledo. He is a member of Scottwood Avenue Temple, and was its president for about fifteen years until he resigned in September, 1914. On March 5, 1867, Mr. Cohen married Miss Betsey Lang, daughter of Jacob and Sophia Lang. The heaviest bereavement Mr. Cohen has ever suffered was the death of his devoted companion and wife on December 5, 1912. They had been married more than forty-five years, were sweethearts several years before their marriage, and all their married life was hallowed by the romance and tenderness of early love. Outside of business hours Mr. Cohen was always at home or in the companionship of his wife, and they had an ideal home life. Mrs. Cohen is remembered for her active charities and church work, and made herself beloved to a wide circle of relatives and friends. Her death occurred in her sixty-fourth year. Mr. and Mrs. Cohen had no children of their own, but adopted a daughter who is now the wife of Mr. L. S. Ottenheimer, vice president and secretary of the company. DAVID A. YODER. The name of David A. Yoder is associated with some of the principal business enterprises of Toledo. For several years he has given most of his time and energy to The Ohio Dairy Company, the headquarters of which are in Toledo, but whose offices and factories are found in several other towns in Ohio and Southern Michigan. Mr. Yoder became president of the company in 1907 and since 1912 has also been its general manager. The company manufactures all milk products, including "Daisy Brand" creamery butter, ice cream, and also the Buckeye evaporated milk, which is put up in 5 and 10 cent cans and is distributed all over Ohio and adjoining states. There are branches of the company located at Columbus, Ohio, HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1097 Lima, Ohio, Pioneer, Ohio, and Morenci, Michigan. There are three condensed milk factories, one at Morenci, Michigan, one at Ennis, Michigan, and another at Pioneer, Ohio, and in these the Buckeye brand is put up. This is one of the most popular brands of milk on the market today, and by constant care in manufacture the company has developed a reputation and an immense sale for all its products. Born and bred on a farm, David A. Yoder is the son of Christian Z. and Lydia (Smiley) Yoder, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Indiana. They were married near Wooster, Ohio, and Christian Yoder gave his active life to farming but is now living retired at Wooster. Second in the family of seven sons and one daughter, all of whom are living, David A. Yoder was born at Wooster, Ohio, April 3, 1872, and is the only one of the children living in Lucas County. The public schools gave him his early training, and he early evinced an aptitude and inclination for constructive business enterprise. For some years he had his headquarters in Cleveland and was engaged in telephone promotion, establishing telephone systems in West Virginia and Indiana. For some years Mr. Yoder has been one of the officials in The Continental Trust and Savings Bank of Toledo, one of the old and conservative institutions, was one of its vice presidents and is still a member of its board of directors. He is also a director and vice president of The United States Malleable Iron Company, is president of The By Products Recovery Company and is interested in various other enterprises. Prominent in Toledo social life, he is a member of the Toledo Club, the Toledo Yacht Club, the Toledo Commerce Club and Toledo Automobile Club. On June 20, 1900, at Leroy, Ohio, he married Miss Josephine A. Lutz. WESLEY S. THURSTIN, SR. With the death of W. S. Thurstin, Sr., at Toledo, July 22, 1910, in his seventy-third year, came another loss to that distinguished coterie of lawyers and citizens who had adorned the Toledo bar during the last half century. Mr. Thurstin was long regarded as one of the ablest attorneys of Northwest Ohio. While he was an old time lawyer of Toledo. his prestige did not consist entirely in this long security of position, but on his forceful ability in the every day work of his profession, and out of the richness of experience and broad knowledge he had attained his place as one of the most successful members of the bar. His family had become identified with Northwestern Ohio in pioneer times. Wesley S. Thurstin was born in Wood County, June 11, 1838, on a farm which is now included in the City of Bowling Green. He had graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan just before the Civil war broke out. He was one of the first to volunteer his services after Fort Sumter was fired upon. He later became a member of the famous One Hundred and Eleventh Ohio Regiment, which was commanded by that other distinguished Ohioan, Gen. Isaac R. Sherwood, who served as the first adjutant of the regiment, and was succeeded in that place by Mr. Thurstin. Young Thurstin possessed all the qualifications which go to make a good soldier—courage, patience, endurance and readiness to accept any duty and danger. While his work as a private citizen and lawyer covered almost half a century and was one of much success and distinction, his descendants will always be proud of what he did when the national integrity was in danger. He was with the One Hundred and Eleventh in all the battles between Chickamauga and Atlanta, and afterwards was with General Thomas in the battles of Nashville, Franklin, Fort Anderson, Goldsboro, and closed his active service at Raleigh, North Carolina. At the close of the war he was discharged with the rank of captain of Company D. The One Hundred and Eleventh Ohio, which made a record hardly excelled by any regiment in the Union army, owes a particular debt of gratitude to the late Captain Thurstin, who wrote the history of the regiment. For this task he had unusual qualifications, due not only to his active experience as a fighting soldier of the organization, but also to his marked literary talent. The duty of authorship was assigned to him at the first meeting of the surviving members of the One Hundred and Eleventh in 1878 at Perrysburg, Ohio. The regimental history, a volume of nearly 200 pages, was published in 1894, and on one of the first pages occurs this dedication signed by the author : "To the memory of our comrades who died in hospital, in rebel pens. in camp, and on the field of battle, loyal and true to the starry symbol of our nationality, in every emergency, I very respectfully dedicate this story of their campaign." The late Captain Thurstin was of fine old 1098 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO New England stock. His English ancestors had come to this country about 1630 and settled in what became known as the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1867, soon after his return from the war, Captain Thurstin married Miss Martha Gorrill of Perrysburg, Ohio. The Gorrills were of Scotch-Irish on one side with English on the other, and Mrs. Thurstin's father came over from Cornwall, England, in 1824 and located in Wood County, Ohio, just out of Perrysburg. Captain Thurstin's wife was a cousin of Charles Gorrill, who was then practicing law with the late Edward Bissell under the firm name of Bissell and Gorrill. Mr. Thurstin joined this firm, which for many years. was one of the most prominent combinations of legal talent in Northwestern Ohio. Their office was the training ground for many men afterwards distinguished in the law ancl in public affairs, including Judge John H. Doyle, Thomas H. Tracy, and Judge I. I. Millard. During his long career as an attorney at Toledo, Mr. Thurstin also served as a member of the board of education and filled other municipal and quasi-public offices. He was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Royal Arcanum, and in earlier years took a very prominent part in every civic movement which had for its object the moral betterment of the community. Surviving Captain Thurstin were his widow, Mrs. Thurstin, who was born and reared in Wood County, Ohio, and had taught school there before her marriage ; and two sons, Wesley S., a Toledo attorney referred to in other paragraphs ; and Wilbur Thurstin, an architect with offices in the Ohio Building at Toledo. Besides two daughters now deceased, one of whom died in infancy, there are three living : Mrs. Dana Richardson, of Chicago ; Miss Alice ; and Ethel, who married F. Cleveland Bacon, an attorney of New York City and a nephew of the late President Grover Cleveland. WESLEY S. THURSTIN JR. A son of the late Wesley S. Thurstin Sr., with whom he was associated in the practice of law, until the latter's death, Mr. Thurstin has for a number of years played a very active and influential part in Toledo's life and affairs. One distinction that befell him but which is none the less noteworthy is that he was Toledo's last city solicitor. He was elected to that position in the fall of 1913, beginning his duties January 1, 1914, for the two year term expiring January 1, 1916. In the meantime the office of city solicitor has been legislated out of existence and his successor is filled by appointment from the mayor and is to be called director of law. Born in Toledo June 26, 1877, Wesley S. Thurstin Jr. was educated in the Toledo public schools, and from 1894 to 1901 was engaged in the mercantile business at Toledo. He became a private in the Tenth Ohio Regiment early in the Spanish-American war, and had previously been a member of the Naval Reserve. The Tenth Ohio never got any farther than Georgia. One day the regiment was ordered to the Philippines, but the order was countermanded the next day, .and the company of which he was a member was then mustered out. He came out as regimental color sergeant. Mr. Thurstin got into active politics at Toledo in 1902, at which time he was secretary of the Lucas County Republican Executive Committee. The following year he gave up politics, and entered the Ohio State University, where he continued the study of law and was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1904. In the meantime he had studied law under his father for three years. Mr. Thurstin has been admitted to practice in all the courts. In 1906 he originated, conducted and defeated the proposed amendment to the. Ohio Constitution providing for property classification. He is one of the leading republicans of Toledo. Since retiring from public office in January, 1916, he has resumed the active practice of law in the old office where he was associated with his father at 911-913 Ohio Building. Mr. Thurstin founded the Barton-Smith Lodge No. 613, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he is past master. He is past high priest of Toledo Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, a member of Toledo Council, Royal and Select Masters, Toledo Commandery Knights Templar, has attained the thirty-second degree of Scottish Rite and is a member of Toledo Consistory and also of Zenobia Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is past chancellor and commander of the Knights of Pythias and also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Other associations are with the Spanish-American War Veterans, the Toledo Commerce HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1099 Club, Toledo Automobile Club, the Lucas County and the Ohio State Bar associations. He finds his chief recreation in automobiling. Mr. Thurstin originated the Municipal Ownership League of Toledo. He is a member of the First Congregational Church of Toledo. At Adrian, Michigan, September 8, 1904, he married Miss Ella A. Sullivan of Toledo, where she was born and educated, finished with a course in the Tri-State Business college of the city. Her father was the late John Sullivan, who died about twenty years ago, and was prominent in city affairs as a police commissioner at a time when that official was elective. Her mother, also deceased, was Ella Sullivan. Mr. and Mrs. Thurstin have two sons : John Gorrill and Wesley S. III, both born at Toledo. EDWIN HAROLD COOPER, M. D., of Findlay is a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat and has been practicing with a steadily growing reputation at Findlay since 1907. He comes of German and English ancestry, and was born in Hancock County January 12, 1878, a son of Robert Amos and Mary J. (Knoke) Cooper. His father was a substantial farmer in Portage Township of Hancock County. Educated in the country schools, Doctor Cooper in 1898 entered Angola College, where he was graduated in 1901. He continued his professional work preparatory to his entering the medical profession in the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, where he remained from 1901 to 1905. He also did post-graduate work in the Chicago Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat College, and hardly a year since he began practice has he failed to attend clinics and special courses in this department of medicine at Chicago. For eight months Doctor Cooper practiced at Grand Rapids, Michigan, but since 1907 has had his office and home in Findlay. He was formerly examining physician for the Hancock County blind. Doctor Cooper is an active member of all the medical societies. In 1914 he married Ethel Lee Doolittle, daughter of Willard and Hattie (Walden) Doolittle. Doctor Cooper is a member of the Findlay Country Club, is independent in politics and he and his wife attend the First Presbyterian Church. JAMES W. MCMAHON, as general manager of the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, directs the affairs of a corporation which has a vital place in Toledo's life and industries. No one factor has been more important in bringing Toledo nearer to the realization of the city clean and beautiful ideal than the use of natural gas as fuel, supplied by the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company. This company supplies natural gas, brought a distance of 350 miles from West Virginia fields, to approximately 50,000 consumers, and it is said that about 175,000 people in Toledo and vicinity secure heat and fuel from this company. The manager of the company for the past fourteen years has , been Mr. McMahon, and many of the improvements and extension in service are properly credited to his position as manager and his public spirit as a citizen. Mr. McMahon was born at Ellicottville, Cattaraugus County, New York, November 13, 1856. Cattaraugus County has been the birthplace of many men prominently connected with natural gas and oil companies. Educated in the public schools of his native village, and graduating from Niagara University in 1876, Mr. McMahon spent a quarter of a century in business affairs in his native state, and became a well known merchant and lumber dealer. On July 1, 1902, he came to Toledo as general manager of the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company. This company has more than 50,000 subscribers in Toledo alone, and also supplies Bowling Green, Maumee, Perrysburg and other places accessible to its pipe lines from the West Virginia fields. The officers of the company are : George W. Crawford, president; H. C. Reeser, vice president ; J. W. McMahon, general manager, and Ralph J. Burkhalter, assistant secretary and treasurer. Natural gas was first piped into Toledo from Wood County, Ohio, in 1887, but since 1902 the supply has been derived from West Virginia. To bring the gas 350 miles from the source to the point of consumption at Toledo three pumping stations are required and a vast sum is represented in other equipment. It is the opinion of Mr. McMahon, who is a veteran in the gas industry, that the mountains of West Virginia contain sufficient natural gas to supply the customers of the Northwestern company for many years to come. The introduction of natural gas as a fuel has not only been a great advantage to Toledo by lessening the cost to domestic consumers and