1100 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO industries, but has helped to make Toledo a clean city, and that is one among the many advantages Toledo offers as a place of residence. Mr. McMahon has been a powerful factor in the promotion of the interests of both stockholders and subscribers of the company, and is not Jess of a public spirited citizen than an executive official of a great corporation. He is a director of the Ohio Savings Bank and Trust Compof Toledo and is actively identified with the Toledo Commerce Club, Toledo Automobile Club, Toledo Club, the Toledo Yacht Club, Toledo Lodge of Elks No. 53, Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association. Both in business and in public affairs he is broad and liberal. In national politics he is a democrat and has had some interesting associations with political affairs. He was a delegate to the national convention of his party in 1884 when Grover Cleveland was first nominated for President, and was also a delegate from his New York district to the convention that nominated Cleveland in 1892. While a resident of New York Mr. McMahon served as dairy commissioner, as state committeeman of his party for several years, and served several years in the local Legislature. Since January 1, 1910, he has been a member of the Civil Service Board of Toledo. He was a delegate to the democratic convention at Baltimore when Woodrow Wilson was nominated and was one of the presidential electors of Ohio in that campaign year. He is a close student of political history and of current events bearing upon world politics. Mr. and Mrs. McMahon have three children : John B. McMahon, an attorney with the well known law firm of Kohn, Northup, Ritter & McMahon ; Marie McMahon and James T. McMahon, the latter a student at Notre Dame University. JOHN DUCK. An early Toledo business man whose worthy enterprise and character are continued into the present by his sons, was the late John Duck, who was a native Irishman and had all the finer fibre and characteristics of that race. He was born at Athlone, Ireland, June 14, 1847, and when at the height of his business prosperity passed away at his home in Toledo on Wednesday, August 26, 1885.. His age at the time of his death was thirty-eight years, two months, twelve days. In his native town of Athlone, his father, James H. Duck, owned and conducted a meat market. It was there that John Duck gained his practical vocational training. He attended a college in Dublin and Summer Hill College until he was eighteen years old. He carried away honors in every subject. At the age of nineteen, in 1866, he came to the United States and after a brief stay in New York arrived in Toledo in 1867. For a few years he worked at his trade in Toledo. In 1870 he opened a meat market on Superior Street near Monroe, and a few years later moved to Monroe Street. In order the more adequately to serve his large patronage he established a branch meat market at the corner of Avondale and Collingwood avenues, but in a few years discontinued this place through inability to get trustworthy and competent help. While the receipts were large, he never realized more than comparatively small profits from the branch store. He was engaged in the meat business at the time of his death, and in seventeen years he had acquired an enormous patronage, having one of the largest markets in Toledo. Though he died long before his time he had already satisfied many of those ambitions for which men particularly strive. He left a widow and five children, four sons and one daughter, all of whom are still living. The late John Duck was a man who made friendships easily and kept his friends close to him. He was a member of St. Francis de Sales Catholic Church and of the Catholic Knights of America, and for many years had served as president. of the Local Butchers' Association. A large concourse of friends assembled to do honor to his memory at the funeral held in St. Francis de Sales Church. On June 23, 1873, Mr. Duck married Miss Margaret McCormack. By a curious coincidence they were married at Athlone, Michigan, a town of the same name as Mr. Duck's birthplace in Ireland. Mrs. Duck is still a resident of Toledo. All her children were born in that city and were educated at St. Francis de Sales parochial school. The oldest is James H., who is associated as a salesman with his brother, William B., at Toledo. John J. Duck has a splendid business on St. Clair Street in electrical supplies and construction work. Leo E. is a resident of California. William B., the fourth son, practiced law for fourteen years and is now president of The William B. Duck Company, dealers in electrical and wireless supplies and Victrolas. This business not only supplies a large local HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1101 trade but has been extended as a mail order concern all over the country. Its location is on Superior Street. The only daughter, Elizabeth, is now Mrs. James Sheridan, of Toledo. WILLIAM B. DUCK is a Toledo lawyer with an exceptional genius for the management of business affairs, and the service which he now gives to the world as president of The William B. Duck Company, electrical and wireless supplies, transcends in importance his work as a lawyer. A wealth of ideas, ability to translate them into practical results, business judgment and sound understanding—these have been the reasons for his unusual success. He was born in Toledo, February 5, 1881, son of the late John Duck, reference to whom is made on other pages. His mother, Margaret (McCormack) Duck, is still living in Toledo. The house where William B. Duck was born stood on the present site of the People's Savings Association Building at 337 Huron Street. Just across the street was the home of Petroleum V. Nasby. The St. Francis de Sales parochial school in which he received his early education was at that time taught by the Order of Christian Brothers. He was sixteen years old when he was graduated on June 18, 1897, and for his excellent work in stenography he was awarded the gold medal donated by the late Dennis Coghlin. A little later he entered the law office of King and Tracy, of Toledo, as a stenographer. He read law as opportunity offered, and at the age of twenty took a summer course in law at the University of Michigan. He was at the university eight weeks, and with four fellow students performed the remarkable feat of actually covering two years of law studies in that time. This he accomplished only by the hardest work and concentration. He was at his studies for fifteen hours a day. On December 5, 1902, at the age of twenty-one, he successfully passed the examination for admission to the bar. He was the first person in Toledo to pass the bar examination at that age without having taken a college course. From his admission to the bar until 1906 he remained with the law firm of King and Tracy, and then established an independent practice with offices in the Nicholas Building. He kept his law offices there until January, 1916, and was almost altogether known as an able young member of the local bar. He is still a member of the Lucas County Bar Association. In 1909 his brother, J. J. Duck, made a suggestion that he lend his assistance toward the development of a mail order business for the sale of electrical supplies. J. J. Duck had issued a small catalog the year before, but the results were not particularly gratifying. The big possibilities of this business appealed strongly to William B. Duck and an arrangement was entered into whereby he was to have complete charge of this department of the business. At this time the daily receipts were hardly in excess of $6.00. In the original catalog considerable prominence was given to electrical supplies for the use of electrical contractors. There was one page illustrating a wireless set. He quickly saw why the pages devoted to contractors' supplies were not "pulling." At that time the concern received only dealers' discounts and could not hope to meet the prices of jobbers. Individuals who received the overwhelming majority of the catalogs would have no use for such goods. The great possibilities of wireless telegraphy appealed strongly to William B. Duck. This interesting and entrancing discovery was at this time in its infancy. Through the medium of electrical journals William secured the names of manufacturers of wireless apparatus for private and commercial use. The first catalog issued contained the largest line of wireless apparatus at that time shown in any catalog. In a short time the wireless business quickly predominated all other lines, and in each year the volume of business doubled over the preceding year, this record being maintained until the business assumed very liberal proportions. The name of the company soon became a byword with every experimenter of wireless throughout the United States and Canada and was favorably known to many people in every country throughout the world. Among their patrons were numbered scores of universities and educational institutions in the United States and foreign countries. At that time, and in fact until recently, the business was conducted under the name of The J. J. Duck Company. In March, 1914, J. J. Duck desired to withdraw the local electrical construction and supply business, formerly owned by him, from the company. An arrangement was entered into whereby this was accomplished, Mr. William B. Duck retaining the mail order business only, which had been built up exclusively by him. By the terms of sale the corporation which retained the mail order business assumed nearly all debts and acquired 1102 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO but a relatively small amount of cash and accounts receivable. In fact an inventory disclosed the net assets of the mail order business to be $200.00 exclusive of its good will. After office furniture and fixtures were deducted it left a little less than nothing. This condition was not a miscalculation. It was exactly as intended. William B. Duck had always contended the mail order business had been operated on practically no capital because of liberal credit and a quick turn over of stock. The future success of the company with a business amounting at that time to $65,000.00 per year would definitely decide this question. It would seem to be an impossibility to make headway under such apparently distressing conditions, but without borrowing any money from banks or others or being pressed by creditors he was able to make more than an ordinary success of the business. He was always a strong believer in progressive advertising and through some elaborate advertisements, some features of which were rather daring, the volume of business almost trebled. In six months the company had earned almost enough to discount all bills. It soon became apparent that much larger quarters were now necessary. On February 15, 1915, a little surprise was sprung on the people of Toledo, when the company leased for a period of ten years the four-story building at 224-226 Superior Street. Comparatively few of Mr. Duck's friends were aware that be was interested in anything except the legal profession. Thus the surprise at the announcement in the daily papers of the fact that The William B. Duck Company had leased a four-story building was quickly followed by rumors, nearly all pessimistic in character. That a young lawyer, supposedly a stranger to the electrical business, should lease a large store in the heart of the city, when others older established, better known and financially stronger, had failed to make a success in a building less than one-fourth the size was regarded as trifling with certain disaster. Mr. Duck heard with interest and some amusement that he was granted only three months to exist. But two years' time has proved that he was not rash, and that gloomy prediction was premature. At the present time probably every resident of Toledo and every stranger in the city have been attracted by the novel electric sign over the building on Superior Street. While this sign proclaims far and near the name of the company, its special feature is an electrical contrivance showing a pond in which a duck swims about, occasionally diving below the surface. The William B. Duck Company carries a complete line of electrical and wireless supplies and also handles Victrolas and records. On opening the new building a retail store was established for local patronage. Mr. Duck did not expect a large income from this branch, but by a thoroughly systematic and unique advertising campaign surprised both himself and his friends. In former years Victrolas and records were sold exclusively to the mail order trade. The first floor of the building is now given up to beautifully appointed Victrola parlors and a general retail department. Mr. Duck now issues one of the most elaborate and artistic illustrated catalogs published, containing about 320 pages, and with many very unusual features. In fact, it is a treasure house of electrical and wireless information. Mr. Duck knew nothing whatever about electricity or wireless telegraphy when he went into the business. He made that handicap really an advantage. The technical electrician would probably have omitted from the catalog many details necessary to a clear understanding of the apparatus described. But Mr. Duck reasoned and carried out his line of reasoning, that many of the prospective buyers knew as little about the subject as he himself, hence he put nothing in the catalog which he did not readily understand, and to this feature alone he attributes a large share of his remarkable success. His unfamiliarity with the technical details of the subject convinced him that in order to sell goods through the medium of a catalog he should describe the uses and purposes of every article listed. Being a lawyer and possessed of more than ordinary literary ability he was able to prepare a catalog which in many respects is real literature, and from all sides have come testimonials commending him on the literary and typographical style of the work. He also originated the plan of demanding postage in advance for the catalog, and the rate of postage has risen in proportion to the increase of the size of the catalog. Eight cents is now asked for the catalog. By this plan the mere curiosity seeker and catalog fancier is eliminated. With the first order for a dollar's worth of goods the eight cents is deducted. It required some courage to make this innovation, but it is indicative of its value that HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1103 all his competitors in the business have followed suit, and no catalogs of this kind are now distributed free. Mr. Duck for many years has been a thorough student of literature and has studied the works of all the great workers and orators. He is a member of St. Francis de Sales Catholic Church, of the Knights of Columbus, the Toledo Commerce Club, and finds his chief recreation in automobiling and literature. On June 26, 1912, at Toledo, he married Miss Luvina Agnes Gilligan, one of Toledo's most beautiful and charming girls. They now have two children, both born in Toledo : William B., Jr., and Edward John. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. In the twenty years since he came to Toledo, John Quincy Adams has found his energies usefully and pleasantly engaged by a large legal practice, and he is known in that city not only as a very capable lawyer but a man of affairs and one who can be counted upon to work in harmony with the best citizens for the promotion of a common good. A native of Northwestern Ohio, he was born on a farm near Prairie Depot, Wood County, December 20, 1858, a son of John McCook and Susan (Lesher) Adams. The old homestead is still the home of the parents. John M. Adams became a very successful farmer and also operated as one of the largest individual oil producers in Wood County. The grandfather, David Adams, was one of the pioneers of Wood County, having established his home there in 1834. Six years later on the east branch of the Portage River he erected the first grist mill in all that section of the country, and it was an institution exceedingly valuable to all the early settlers in a district for miles around. It has always been a matter of particular satisfaction to John Quincy Adams that he spent most of his growing days on a farm. He thus enjoyed the rugged discipline of outdoor life and at the same time profited by attendance at the district schools. He was also a student in the Ohio Normal Training School at Fostoria and was graduated A. B. from the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware with the class of 1883. On leaving college he taught school fora time, and then became a traveling salesman for a large Chicago publishing house. By these resources he was paying his own way, but had not yet become established in the line to which his inclinations tended. As soon as opportunity offered he took up the study of law in the office of a cousin, Hon. P. M. Adams of Tiffin, Ohio. His plans were upset temporarily by poor health, and abandoning his studies, in 1886 he entered the grain business in partnership with M. M. Fowler at Bradner, Wood County. In 1889, having disposed of his interest in the grain business, he took up still another line, farming and the oil industry, and in that he met a very gratifying success. In 1895 Mr. Adams came to Toledo, where he entered the offices of the law firm of Pratt & Wilson, and under their capable direction he completed his preparation for the legal profession. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1898, and then for several years was associated in practice with Charles G. Wilson and Hon. Curtis T. Johnson, being a partner of the latter with offices in the National Union Building until Mr. Johnson was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas. Since 1911 Mr. Adams has been in practice alone with offices in the Spitzer Building. At the same time he has acquired considerable property in Toledo, chiefly residence interests. He is a practical business man of original mind and enterprise, and this characteristic was illustrated when in 1901 he became instrumental in founding the Toledo-Bryan Air Line Electric Railroad Company. He supervised the construction of several miles of this road. In 1905 he and his brother, Dr. R. R. Adams, established and organized the Bloomdale Petroleum Company, and undertook the operation of several oil wells in Wood County. A loyal democrat, Mr. Adams has never entered politics except for the purpose of promoting good government and never for his own interests. However, in 1898 he was democratic nominee for the office of city judge. He has also identified himself with those movements in Toledo that have for their purpose a purer and wholesome practice in municipal affairs and general reformation in political ideals. Mr. Adams takes much interest in fraternal matters, and believes thoroughly in the good of fraternal organizations. He is a member of the National Union, the Tribe of Ben Hur, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Fraternal Mystic Circle, the Home Guards of America and other societies. In most of these organizations he has filled official chairs and is a member of the Supreme Executive Council of the Home Guards of America at Van Wert, Ohio. 1104 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO On December 1, 1907, he married Miss Ruth Thrift, a daughter of Edwin Washington and Rachel (Cole) Thrift of an old and highly respected family of Toledo. Mrs. Adams is a highly educated woman and is a popular factor in the cultured circles of Toledo society. On December 1912, a little daughter came to bless the home of Mr. and Mrs. Adams. Her name is Rachel Susannah Adams. CHARLES THOMAS LEWIS, besides his Conspicuous position in the bar of Northwest Ohio, where he has practiced steadily for over thirty years, is also one of the men responsibly connected with the direction of large corporations and business affairs, and for years has been interested in all public movements for the betterment of Toledo. He was born at Marietta, Ohio, October 9, 1850, a son of James and Nancy Jones Lewis. Mr. Lewis graduated with honors from Marietta College in 1872, receiving the A. B. degree and becoming a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. During the next five years he applied himself to banking, being vice president and cashier of the Noble County National Bank at Caldwell, Ohio, which he organized. He continued with that bank in different capacities until 1882. In the meantime he took up the study of law, was admitted to the bar and practiced for five years, and then came to Toledo in 1882. From 1884 to 1896 he practiced law as a member of the firm of Doyle, Scott & Lewis, and from 1896 to 1914 Mr. Lewis and Judge John H. Doyle practiced under the firm name of Doyle & Lewis. Since 1914 the firm has been Doyle, Lewis, Lewis & Emery, composed of John H. Doyle, Charles T. Lewis, Howard Lewis, Frank S. Lewis and Judge Ralph Emery. Mr. Lewis is one of the leading railway attorneys of Ohio, taking part in many important railroad cases, and since 1896 has been general counsel and a director of the Toledo & Ohio Central Railway Company, the Kanawha & Michigan Railway Company and the Zanesville & Western Railway Company, now part of the New York Central System. He was vice president of the Toledo & Ohio Central and the Zanesville & Western Railway companies from 1908 to 1909, and in the following year was president and general counsel of those railroads, and also of the Kanawha & Michigan Railway Company. He represents a. number of large corporation interests, and is a director in the Northern National Bank of Toledo. His public spirited citizenship has led him to become identified with every movement for progress and upbuilding in his home city, and in 1896-97 he served as president of the Toledo Board of Education. As a democrat he was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention of 1880, held at Cincinnati, but since 1896 he has been entirely independent in politics. He stands high in Masonry, being a member of the Toledo bodies in both the York and Scottish Rite, and in 1898 was given the honorary thirty-third degree. He is a member of the Country, Toledo, Middle Bass and Columbus clubs, and has long been closely identified with the activities of the Ashland Avenue Baptist Church, being one of its founders. He was for four years president of the Ohio Baptist Convention, and is also prominent in the Northern Baptist Convention. On October 25, 1876, at Caldwell, Ohio, Mr. Lewis married Dora Glidden, daughter of William W. and Sarah (Davis) Glidden. Their children are five in number : Howard, a Toledo lawyer, who married Caroline M. Palmer ; Frank S., a Toledo lawyer, who married Ethel Chesbrough ; William G. ; Gertrude, who married Solon O. Richardson III; and Charles T., Jr. ISAAC H. DETWILER. The Detwiler family is of Swiss origin, and its ancestry in America dates back to the early settlement of Pennsylvania. The name is of French derivation, being originally " D 'Etoille, " signifying a star ; a planet not fixed, pronounced in German "Detwiler." The family of Detwiler is a numerous one, and they were originally farmers. They were good, reliable men, fairly representative of the German farmers of Montgomery and Berks counties, Pennsylvania. They were strong, rugged people with deep convictions, who were willing to suffer hardships, privations, and even persecution, exile and emigration to a new world in order to enjoy full freedom in morals and religion. These hardy and brave emigrants have as effectually stamped themselves, their customs and traditions upon their descendants and surroundings as the Britons of New England, or Cavaliers of Virginia. Two streams of religious dissenters emigrated from Switzerland about the same time. The Mennonite branch left Switzerland and emigrated, some to The Hague. Holland. and some to Poland. About 1689, Peter the Great, Czar of Russia, sent an HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1105 ambassador extraordinary to these countries with money to secure settlers for the Steppes of Russia. He secured a large number of all classes, among whom were the Detwilers. They made a written contract for 150 years' exemption from military duty for themselves and families, and were granted their own habits, customs and government in farm and village, their own religion and unlimited free lands. They builded, planted, harvested and grew rich in money and cattle. Some of them accepted the Greek Church, but when the 150 years' contract had expired, the majority sold their cattle, stock and farms and emigrated to Fort Hays, Kansas, where they homesteaded government lands, and bought railroad lands. They have prospered and are growing rich. The other branch, tradition has it, included two Detwiler brothers, who emigrated to America during the period of the persecution of the Huguenots. One located in the Carolinas, the other in Pennsylvania. There is a record in Philadelphia of those owning 160 acres of land in Pennsylvania in 1650, and among the names given is the name of Hans Detwiler, supposed to be one of the brothers (Hannes) and Joseph who came to Philadelphia. One settled in Franconia in Montgomery County, the other went further inland, supposedly to Lancaster in York County. Scarcity of money and high rate of postage at that time made correspondence difficult and the two brothers soon became estranged and their connection broke off. The authentic record is that the Detwilers' ancestor in America was Gregorious Detwiler, who came from Switzerland to America at an early day, exact date not known. He was one of the first settlers of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, had five children, and three of whom, Joseph, Hannes and Hennerick are known. 2nd. Joseph, born about 1723, married Maria Kalb. Their children were John, Jacob, Sarah, Susanna and Elizabeth. 3rd. John, born 1747, married Catherine Funk ; children : Susanna, Elizabeth, Joseph, Mary, Sara, John, Christian, Catherine, Abraham and Daniel. He married second wife, Elizabeth Horning, widow of Joiner John Horning. No children by second marriage. She was the mother by her first husband, of Jacob, Lewis, Catherine, John, Mary, Anna, Samuel, Henry, William and Isaac. 4th. Abraham Detwiler, son of John, married Mary Horning, his step sister, and they lived on the family homestead in Franconia Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. They had ten children : Elizabeth, Catherine, John, William, Isaac, Mary, Abraham, Daniel and Benjamin. Joiner John Horning came from Germany about 1750 and settled in Montgomery County. 5th. Isaac .Horning Detwiler, the subject of this sketch, was born March 15, 1820, married Hannah Yoder Knabb, and had four children : John Y. Detwiler, Abraham K. and George K. Detwiler, the latter two of Toledo, Ohio. On the maternal side the Knabbs and Yoders were originally from a Rhenish province. They came to America about the same time as the refugees during the religious persecutions. They settled in Oley Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania. Their descendants now occupy the family homestead, which was built before the Revolution. For very many years the late Isaac H. Detwiler had been a landmark character at Toledo, Ohio, where, for a quarter of a century his business ability assisted in developing stable enterprises, results of which in large measure govern the commercial prosperity of the city today. Isaac H. Detwiler was born in 1820, in Franconia Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and his death occurred on November 26, 1889, at Toledo. He was one of ten children left fatherless, and was yet young when he determined to relieve his overburdened mother of the responsibility of his support. He worked on a farm until he found an opportunity to learn the trade of miller, which opened the way to the business of dealing in grain, and afterwards, for an extended period he was interested in flour milling. In 1865 Mr. Detwiler became a resident of Toledo and for several years continued in the grain business as senior member of the commission firm of Detwiler and Bashare. In 1872 Mr. Detwiler entered a new field, establishing at that time the firm of I. H. Detwiler and Company, made up of Mr. Detwiler and his two sons, Abram K. Detwiler and George K. Detwiler. This firm early assumed a leading position among the real estate firms of Toledo, and the prestige first gained through the foresight, prudence aid integrity of its founder, has been maintained in the same way until the present. Among the leading enterprises originated or promoted by the above firm, may be mentioned many important realty transactions. One of these is the business handled by the 1106 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Scottwood Syndicate, and another the Fitch Land Syndicate. The latter purchased the Fitch farm, a tract of 280 acres, extending from the county fair grounds to Detroit Avenue and from Bancroft Street to Dorr Street. Within it lie the Ransom, Englewood and Fair Ground additions. This firm also platted the Virginia Street addition and Norwood, another plat of over 200 acres. The company bought and placed on the market the Clark tract of eighty acres, adjoining the Airline Junction. Platting property has always been a feature of the business of this firm that has resulted advantageously not only for the firm itself but for the public, and thousands of comfortable and attractive residences have been erected on the subdivisions and are occupied with contented home owners. Mr. Detwiler was farseeing enough to early organize a method by which would-be purchasers could secure comfortable residences and found homes, the basis of good citizenship, and through his enterprise, the Toledo Building and Loan Association has been the medium through which a large percentage of people ultimately became home owners instead of rent payers. In many directions Mr. Detwiler's keen business sense was shown and Toledo benefitted thereby. He was one of the moving spirits in the organization of the Toledo Loan Company, now the Toledo Savings Association, which was founded January 1, 1885, with which he continued to be identified until the close of his busy life. The I. H. Detwiler Company continues its business at Toledo under practically the same name, the activities now covering real estate only. The present officers are : George K. Detwiler, president ; A. K. Detwiler, vice president ; and H. D. Draper, secretary. The offices of the company are located at Jefferson and Superior streets. On February 14, 1843, Mr. Detwiler was married to Miss Hannah Y. Knabb. Two of the three surviving sons perpetuate the honored old name and carry on the business founded by the father. Mr. Detwiler was a man of simple, unaffected dignity. At all times his life was characterized by unfaltering adherence to those principles which brought the unqualified respect and confidence of his fellow men. Well qualified in every way for public life he cared nothing for political promotion, the pursuits of his business bringing him in his opinion, more contentment than could effort in a different field. His name belongs with the buss builders of Northwestern Ohio. JOSEPH GAZZAM MACKENZIE. Of the men who are still in the full vigor of their years and energies, there is probably none whose prominent activities for the general public good are more generally recognized in Toledo than are those of Joseph Gazzam Mackenzie. He has been a resident for about twenty years, during which time, in addition to being an official in several of its large industrial and commercial concerns, he has proved an earnest and consistent advocate, leader and worker for a Greater Toledo. While his ability is such that it can stand by itself, no small credit must be given to his excellent ancestry and the influences of culture and high ideals in which he was reared. He was born at Vineland, New Jersey, November 28, 1870. His paternal great-grandfather, James Mackenzie, came from Scotland to America in 1800, settling at Baltimore, Maryland, subsequently moving to Pittsburgh, and spending the last years of his life at Wellsville, Ohio. His son, Samuel B. Mackenzie, was born September 23, 1803, at Baltimore; practiced law at New Lisbon, Ohio, and for seven years served as clerk of the County Court of Columbiana County. Subsequently he moved to Kansas, when that territory was attracting the attention of the nation as "Bleeding Kansas." When the state was admitted to the Union, he was elected to the State Senate, and thus had the distinction of being a member of the First Kansas Legislature. During the Civil war he returned to Ohio, and was employed by the Government in the capacity of inspector. For many years he lived at Wellsville, where he twice served as mayor, and for a number of years held the office of justice of the peace. John Frazier Mackenzie, father of Joseph G., was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, July. 22, 1832. He also became a lawyer, and during the Civil war was secretary of the United States Examining Board of Paymasters. After the close of the war he removed to Philadelphia and resumed the practice of law. John F. Mackenzie married Emma Louise Gazzam, who was born at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November 4, 1837. She was of a very distinguished Pennsylvania family. Her father, Edward Despard Gazzam, was born in Pittsburgh in 1803, and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in two departments, the law and the medicine. From the HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1107 time he reached his majority until the close of his life he was one of the men of effective influence in Pennsylvania politics. He was ne of the first to ally himself with the cause id the new republican party and was among the first republican state senators ever elected in Pennsylvania. He was also his party's candidate ,for the offices of governor and congressman. At the outbreak of the Civil war he earned the gratitude of the Union Government by the vigorous manner in which he prevented the shipment of United States ammunition from the Allegheny Arsenal to the southern depots. Edward D. Gazzam married Miss Elizabeth Antoinette deBeelen, daughter of Constantine Antoine deBeelen, and the granddaughter of Baron Frederic Eugene Francois deBeelen Bertholff. Baron deBeelen was the first resident minister from the Empire of Austria in the United States. His wife was Lady Jeanne Marie Theresa deCastro of Toledo, Spain. It is needless to say that in his individual career Joseph G. Mackenzie of Toledo, Ohio, has measured up to the high standards of his forefathers, and has earned manifold creditable distinctions in his own right. He attended the Lawrenceville (New Jersey) Academy, and subsequently was a student in the Penn Charter School of Philadelphia. While he kept up a good standing in his scholastic work, he was especially active in the athletics, and the various student affairs. He was president of the Penn Charter Athletic Association, and held the same office in the Inter-Academic Athletic Association. He himself won a number of prizes in field and track sports, and as captain of the football, baseball, track and tug-of-war teams at Penn Charter he led his classmates to many a victory. After completing his academic studies, he entered the Wharton School of Finance of the University of Pennsylvania. There again he took a pronounced share in athletics and other university interests. He became manager of the track team, while his literary ability, displayed when editor of the Penn Charter Magazine, was recognized by his election as athletic editor of the University Courier. His university career was promptly followed by his entrance into business life. He first became connected with the Wellsbach Light Company of Brooklyn, New York. When he left in 1895 he was its assistant manager. He then became the eastern representative of the Ames-Bonner Company of Toledo, Ohio, makers of brushes and mirrors, and in June of 1896 he was made secretary and treasurer of this company. On June 10, 1906, the responsibilities of general manager were added to his duties. At the present time (1916) he is vice president and general manager. The Ames-Bonner Company has a large plant at 64-70 Ottawa Street, and is one of Toledo's prominent industries. Joseph M. Gazzam of Philadelphia is the president. On March 13, 1909, Mr. Mackenzie was made a director and vice president of the Kenilworth Land Company of Asheville, North Carolina, and since March 4, 1910, has been its president. Mr. Mackenzie has been actively identified with many organizations of a fraternal, social or industrial nature. During 1907-08 he was a member of the executive committee of the Toledo Credit Men's Association, and on May 14, 1909, was honored by election as its president. His administration was marked by characteristic vigor, the association becoming widely recognized as a very important factor in public affairs. This led to Mr. Mackenzie's selection as the president of the Toledo Business Men's Club. At this particular time the forces working for the ultimate good of Toledo were sadly at odds. The then existing Chamber of Commerce contained part of the enterprising citizenry of Toledo, the Business Men's Club boasted another part, while a third and very large part was not organized at all, therefore bereft of intelligent leadership. Mr. Mackenzie, recognizing the condition, labored indefatigably for a union of these divergent forces, his efforts being rewarded by the consolidation, during his administration, of the Business Men's Club and the Chamber of Commerce under the name of the Toledo Commerce Club. Quite naturally, he was chosen as the first president of the new organization, and his usefulness was still further demonstrated by a wonderful growth in the club's membership. And it was at this time that the highly successful movement for a Greater Toledo now in force may well be said to have been inaugurated. He was a strong advocate of the widest possible democracy in the new organization, consistently battling for an efficient federation of all the local organizations of Toledo—financial, commercial, industrial, social, economic and religious—in order that a perfect consensus of the opinion of the whole people might be had at all times upon all vital questions of public policy. 1108 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Mr. Mackenzie is also an enthusiastic member of the Toledo Rotary Club, and one of its ex-vice presidents. He is a member of the Toledo Club, Toledo Yacht Club and of Sanford L. Collins Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. During the years from 1902 to 1907 he was annually elected secretary of the Toledo Chapter of the Phi Kappa Psi, and its president for the years 1908, 1909 and 1910. On November 24, 1910, he was elected president of the Ohio Phi Kappa Psi. On May 6, 1908, Hon. Brand Whitlock, then mayor of Toledo, appointed Mr. Mackenzie a trustee for the Toledo University, a position he has filled with great credit. His term of office expiring in 1912, he was appointed for four years more. While a resident of Philadelphia he became a member and fourth vice president of the Pennsylvania Club, and a member of the Pennsylvania Historical Society. He was also affiliated with the Philadelphia Humane Society, the Skating Club and the Philadelphia Club. On June 13, 1894, at Philadelphia, Mr. Mackenzie married Miss Jennie Randolph Dorsey of that city. They have one son, Joseph Gazzam Mackenzie, Jr., born July 8, 1897, corporal and clerk Troop D, United States, Ohio Cavalry, in service (1916) on the Texas border. THOMAS DAVIES. A resident of Toledo since 1887, Thomas Davies has for many years been closely associated with his brothers and with other prominent business men in the management and direction of several important concerns. At the present time he is associated with the E. H. Close Realty Company as business property specialist. He was formerly secretary of the George E. Pomeroy Real Estate & Insurance Company. Outside of business both he and his wife are well known in local musical circles, and while a citizen who works steadily for the welfare of his community, Mr. Davies has not participated in politics to any considerable extent. He was thirteen years of age when his parents moved to Toledo from Hubbard, Trumbull County, Ohio, where Thomas Davies was born February 7, 1874. His father, David T. Davies, was in his time a very successful business man in Toledo. The son acquired his early education in the public schools of Youngstown, Ohio, where his parents resided for a time, but after coming to Toledo he worked for his brother on the East Side in a grocery store, and was also employed as a clerk in a clothing store in that locality and for eight years was connected with an East Side banking house. At the time the city transfer companies united their interests Mr. Davies became connected with the Toledo Transfer Company, and as an executive official has been responsible for much of its success. In 1908, when Elmer H. Close retired from the Pomeroy real estate and insurance firm, Thomas Davies entered the business and remained with the above concern until 1913, closely identified with its management, when he became associated with the E. H. Close Realty Company. He is secretary of the Brand Hotel Company. For a young man who began his career in the humble capacity of a grocer clerk, Mr. Davies has won distinctive promotion in financial and business affairs, and that promotion has been due to his energy and perseverance, his strongest attributes of his character. In politics he is a republican, and in Masonry is affiliated with Yondota Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and has attained the thirty-second degree of Scottish Rite. He is a member of the Business Men 's Club of Toledo. On March 4, 1903, he married at Toledo Miss Agnes Tracy. She was born at Elmore, in Northwestern Ohio, daughter of Dr. James L. Tracy, now a resident of Toledo. The Tracys are of English descent. Mrs. Davies is a graduate of the Toledo High School and her unusual endowment of musical and artistic talents have been developed by extensive courses of study. She has a rare natural voice, trained by many years of study under the best American masters, including Evan Williams and Theodore Tait. Mr. Davies is one of the leading tenors of Toledo and for several years has been tenor solo in the men's and boys' choir of Trinity Episcopal Church, regarded as one of the best choirs in the United States. He has also written several poems, one of which is here reproduced : A TOAST TO SUCCESS Here 's to the man who delivers the goods, The man with the backbone from city or woods ; The man from the valley, the plain or the hill, The man who will hustle and tussle and drill ; HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1109 The man who is fighting or principles right, Who cares not for money that's tainted with blight ; Who stands by the fellow who says with a will, "I surely will hustle and tussle and drill." Here's to the man who is helping to win The battles of life with vigor and vim ; The fellow who sings as he works the day through, Helping the others to be happy and true ; The fellow who works, not fools away time, The fellow who accomplishes things with the rhyme, The fellow who helps the others through life To live, to conquer, to win the strife. Both Mr. Davies and his wife have found their talents as musicians much in demand for local concerts, and he has also been called upon to deliver his poems at banquets. They are both members of the St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Davies has been very successful as a home maker, and the family residence at 2733 Glenwood Avenue is distinguished for its culture and hospitality. There are two children, both born in Toledo, named Elizabeth and James Tracy. ALVIN C. JONES. Twenty-five years ago a limited number of people in Toledo knew Alvin C. Jones as a glass blower in the Libby Glass Works. He had too much energy and enterprise to remain in a trade or as an employe. Many thousands of people are acquainted with Mr. Jones' standing as a real estate man and particularly as president of the Jones-Knepper-Kinnison Company, one of the largest real estate and general fire insurance agencies in the city. This company, which has its offices in the Gardner Building, handles fire insurance, loans, real estate, rentals, and has done much subdivision and home building work. The other active members of the company are Ora C. Kinnison, secretary, and Albro L. Knepper, treasurer. One of the distinctions of Mr. Jones is that he put on the market the first suburban allotment in Toledo or in Northwestern Ohio. This was in 1907. It was called the Douglas Farm Addition of 400 acres, located on the Lake Shore Electric on Woodville Street. Recently the company has bought a tract of two ten-acre tracts in West Toledo, which are soon to be developed. Alvin C. Jones was born in New Brunswick, Canada. on Washington's birthday, Feb- Vol. II-29 ruary 22, 1872. His parents were Frederick W. and Anna F. (Crosby) Jones, the former a native of New Brunswick and the latter of Nova Scotia. His mother now lives at Elmira, New York, where the father died January 1, 1911. Frederick W. Jones was a stone mason by trade, but earlier in his career followed the lumber industry in Canada and also in Pennsylvania, and subsequently became a contractor for railroad bridges and general stone mason work. There were four children : R. K., of Elmira; Fred M., of Elmira; Ella, who died in April, 1913, at Big Bay, Michigan, where her husband, L. L. Woodruff, is a lumberman. Alvin C. Jones, the youngest of the family, when about eighteen months old was taken by his parents to Wellsboro, Pennsylvania. Most of his education came from the schools there, and the town was his home until he was about eighteen. Hard and practical experience was more of an educator for Mr. Jones than schools, and practically since he was twelve years of age he has looked after his own welfare and he is an excellent type of that sturdy product of Americanism, a self-made man. As part of his early career he worked four years at Wellsboro in a grocery store. Later he went to Corning, New York, and was employed in a glass factory, and there had his first experience in a strike. From there he came to Findlay, Ohio, and was in the glass factory known as the Richardson Bulb Factory for a year and a half. In September, 1891, Mr. Jones arrived at Toledo. For some time he was employed as a glass blower in the Libby Glass Works, and in 1893 the company sent him to the World's Fair in Chicago for three months, where he represented the Libby glass products in connection with its exhibits and as a salesman. Finally leaving the glass business, Mr. Jones in June, 1897, embarked in the real estate business for himself. His first connection was as a member of the firm of Bowland and Jones. For a number of years he operated alone and then consolidated his business with that of several insurance companies. He is now at the head of three distinct business organizations, all conducted in the Gardner Building. This separation is due to the laws of the State of Ohio, which forbid the conduct of two related lines under one business organization. One company is the Jones-Knepper-Kinnison Company, already mentioned, another is the Jones-Knepper-Kinnison Realty Company, and the third is called the United 1110 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Associate Company, organized and maintained for the buying of securities and second mortgages. Mr. Jones is also president of the third company. His business interests have been gradually extending for the last fifteen or twenty years. He is a stockholder and director of the Lucas County Abstract Company, and is also distinguished for an unusual quality of public spirit, which makes him active in behalf of every worthy local institution. In January, 1916, his term expired as a member of the Library Board of Toledo. For thirteen years he was a trustee of the Toledo Y. M. C. A. until he resigned in 1913. He was one of the leaders in the campaign for funds that resulted in the building of a splendid Y. M. C. A. Building. He is a member and trustee of the First Baptist Church of Toledo. A paragraph should also be given to his political activities. He is a sterling republican, though his partisanship is not specially manifest when the interests of Toledo are at stake. In 1911 he was a candidate for mayor, being defeated at the primaries by 400 votes by former Mayor Keller. In 1914 he was chairman of the Lucas County Dry Campaign Committee. In the fall of 1915 he was again a candidate for mayor, and among the fourteen aspirants for that office he stood sixth in number of votes. Interested in fraternalism, he is a member of Sanford L. Collins Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, the Knight Templar Commandery, and the Toledo Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. He also belongs to Viking Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Toledo, and to the Modern Woodmen of America. Other associations are with the Toledo Commerce Club, Toledo Real Estate Board, and the Toledo Automobile Club. On November 30, 1898, at Toledo he married Bertha L. Groendyke, daughter of M. L. and Olive (Kemmer) Groendyke. Her parents lived for ,many years at Greenville, Ohio, but are now residents of Toledo. Mrs. Jones was born in Dublin, Indiana, was reared and educated at Greenville, Ohio, and since her marriage has been altogether devoted to the interests of her home and her church. To their marriage were born six children : Ruth, in high school ; Chester and Alice, both in grade school ; Alvin, who died at the age of five and a half years ; Robert, in school, and Bertha. All the children were born in Toledo. CHARLES OLIVER BRIGHAM. An expert old-time telegrapher, for many years manager of the operating department of the Western Union Telegraph Company at Toledo, the late Charles Oliver Brigham filled a unique and useful place in commercial affairs in that city, and also attained enviable prominence in social and fraternal affairs. Nearly all the sixty-eight years of his lifetime were spent in Toledo. He was born in Dundee, Michigan, September 9, 1838, and when two years of age his parents moved to Toledo. In that city he worked out his useful career and died suddenly May 2, 1906, his activities as a social leader having been continued until the very night before his sudden passing. He was a son of Mayor and Clarissa (Bill) Brigham, and his father was a man of such prominence in the early life of Toledo as to call for a separate sketch on other pages. Mr. Brigham secured his early education in the public schools of Toledo. The circumstances of his early life were such as to bring out and develop the sterling qualities of his manhood, and he came to his majority with a definite aim in life. He mastered the art of telegraphy, at that time a science which had few of the present day advantages of equipment, and in time he was pronounced one of the most skillful operators in the West. He was employed in the first telegraph office opened in Toledo, and with his brother-in-law, W. A. Beach, became connected with the Western Union, and remained with that corporation until he had saved a competence, allowing him to retire from the active cares of business in 1900. During a great Dart of his service he was operating manager at Toledo, and his genial qualities, together with his accuracy and ability in handling the key, gained him a state-wide reputation. Fraternally he was prominent in several orders. At the time of his death he was president of Anthony Wayne Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution. The evening preceding his death from apoplexy was spent in most congenial surroundings, and he acted as toastmaster at a banquet given by the local chapter in honor of Dr. E. D. Gardiner, who had recently been chosen president of the state chapter. On that occasion his friends remarked that Mr. Brigham had never seemed more brilliant as a speaker and more genial as a host and friend. On his return home he himself pronounced the evening as the most enjoyable he had ever spent, and HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1111 retired to rest as usual. His death occurred in the early morning following. Mr. Brigham was also very active in the National Union, holding 'several of its offices, and for a long time being president of the council. It is said that no other one man did so much to further the interests of the organization in Toledo. In appreciation of his efforts he was elected as representative in the senate, the supreme body of the society, and later was chosen president of the Lucas County cabinet. Although his work and interests extended throughout the county and state, his most active efforts were put forth in Revere Council, with which he was connected up to the time of his death. Throughout his life was one of service and had a human sympathy. He belonged to the old-time volunteer fire department of Toledo, was a member of the Board of Trustees of the old Adams Street Mission and gave a great deal of his time in behalf of the fallen and downtrodden who sought refuge and comfort there. He was president of the Brigham. Family Association, a national organization composed of the various branches descended from a Puritan ancestor who landed on the coast of New England in early Colonial times. Politically he was a stanch republican. For many years he filled an active place in the Central Congregational Church of Toledo, serving as a trustee, and late in life was one of the building committee of the church and took much pleasure in furthering the erection of its splendid place of worship. He was one of its trustees for eighteen years. In 1860 Mr. Brigham married Miss Sarah Graham, daughter of Dr. Hosmer and Sarah (Goodman) Graham. Doctor Graham was a very prominent physician and surgeon in the early days of Toledo, and both he and his wife died there many years ago. Mrs. Brigham died in February, 1870, a few weeks after the birth of her only son and child, Charles Graham Brigham, who is now a prominent business man of Toledo. CHARLES G. BRIGHAM, president of the Dorr Street Lumber Company of Toledo, is a veteran lumberman, has been in the business almost continuously since he took up his first serious occupation. Mr. Brigham represents one of the substantial and solid old families of Toledo. He was born in that city December 24, 1869, a son of the late Charles 0. and Sarah (Graham) Brigham, and a grandson of Mayor and Clarissa (Bill) Brigham. Separate articles are dedicated to both his father and grandfather, who were prominent and useful citizens of Toledo, his grandfather having been one of the early mayors of the city. Charles G. Brigham represents the ninth generation of the Brigham family in America. Its founder was Thomas Brigham, a Puritan, who came from England and established his home in the American colonies when civilization was struggling to gain a foothold along the Atlantic Coast. Another ancestor was Capt. Stephen Brigham, who fought in the Revolutionary war at Bunker Hill, while Captain Brigham's father, Maj. Asa Brigham, was an officer in the Colonial wars. Charles G. Brigham's father died at Toledo May 2, 1906. His mother died in February, 1870, when Charles was two months old. The only son of his parents, he was reared in the home of his aunt and uncle, Mr. and Mrs. William A. Beach of Toledo. Mrs. Beach was his father's sister. Reference is made to Mr. and Mrs. Beach on other pages. Mr. Beach died at Toledo December 13, 1892, and Mrs. Beach died May 28, 1916, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. S. M. Jones, widow of the late Golden Rule Mayor Jones of Toledo. Mr. Brigham and Mrs. Jones were reared like brother and sister. He received an education in the Toledo public schools, and on leaving school found employment in the lumber firm of Young & Miller, wholesale lumber dealers. After two years with them he went on the road as a traveling salesman, representing different lumber companies, and subsequently was secretary-treasurer of the MacLaren & Sprague Lumber Company of Toledo. In May, 1907, with William M. Hamilton, he organized the Dorr Street Lumber Company, now one of the largest individual lumber firms of Toledo, with yards and offices at 1803 Dorr Street. Since then Mr. Brigham has given his almost undivided time and attention to the management of this company. The only interruption to his career as a lumberman was the five years from 1892 to 1897, when he was in the oil business at Geneva, Indiana. Mr. Brigham is a man of retiring disposition, and when other duties permit he finds recreation in hunting and automobiling. He is a member of the Toledo Yacht Club, the Toledo Commerce Club, Toledo Automobile Club. At Geneva, Indiana, December 12, 1894, he married Miss Minnie A. Cully, a daughter 1112 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO of Mr. and Mrs. Adam Cully of Geneva, Indiana. She was born at Plymouth in that state and received her education partly there and partly at Geneva. Mr. and Mrs. Brigham have a daughter, Harriet Elizabeth, who was born at Geneva, Indiana, and was graduated in 1916 from the Dana Hall School at Wellesley, Massachusetts. WILLIAM MCKENDREE HAMILTON. While a resident of Toledo, and secretary and treasurer of the Dorr Street Lumber Company of that city, William McKendree Hamilton's interests have a wide and varied scope, and as a banker, land owner and business man he is well known in Northwest Ohio, Southern Michigan and in Illinois. Illinois was his native state. He was born at Wenona, Marshall County, October 8, 1874. He was one of a family of five children, three daughters and two sons, one daughter and the two sons still living. His father, William M. Hamilton, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, and in his early life moved to Illinois and was married at Varna, where his wife, Rebecca Burns, was born and reared. William M. Hamilton was one of the early real estate dealers in Marshall County, and was also interested in coal mines. At the time of his death he owned a large amount of land in Marshall and McLaurin counties. His widow now resides in Chicago. William M. Hamilton died at Mount Carmel Hospital at Columbus in 1888. The hospital was at that time under the charge of his brother, Dr. John Hamilton, a prominent early surgeon of Ohio, who died several years ago, the hospital now being under the charge of two sons, Drs. William and Charles Hamilton. William M. Hamilton was a member of the Methodist Protestant Church and was a very ardent prohibitionist, being one of the early leaders in that cause in Illinois. He was never a seeker for any official honors himself. His body is at rest at Wenona, Illinois. William M. Hamilton of Toledo received his early education in his native Town of Wenona, afterwards attended Adrian College, at Adrian, Michigan, and a few months before he was to graduate left school to enter the grain business at Wichita, Kansas. That was in 1895. For three years he was associated with his brother, George N., under the name Hamilton Brothers in the grain trade there, but since then his field of activities has been largely Northwest Ohio. For some years his home was at Napoleon, where in 1899 he became one of the organizers of the First National Bank, and remained as its cashier and a director. Later he became connected with the Wakefield State Bank of Morenci, Michigan. and is still one of the directors of that institution. From Morenci Mr. Hamilton came to Toledo in November, 1902. Here he kept his headquarters as a dealer in real estate and loans. In May, 1907, he and Charles G. Brigham established the Dorr Street Lumber Company, of which Mr. Brigham is president and Mr. Hamilton secretary and treasurer. This company, which handles all kinds of lumber and mill work, has its headquarters at 1803 Dorr Street. It is one of the large lumber firms of Toledo. Mr. Hamilton also owns a considerable quantity of farm land in the corn belt of Illinois. Politically he is a prohibitionist, as was his father. He is a member of the Masonic order, affiliating with the Blue Lodgc and the Royal Arch Chapter of Napoleon. While living at Napoleon he served as junior warden of the lodge. He is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club and belongs to the Presbyterian Church. On October 20, 1898, Mr. Hamilton married Miss Abigail Wakefield of Morenci, Michigan. Mrs. Hamilton died at Toledo, September 28, 1903, leaving one daughter, Eva Josephine, who was born at Napoleon, Ohio, June 26, 1900, and is now a member of the junior class in the high school at Morenci, Michigan. Mrs. Hamilton was a daughter of Charles C. Wakefield, who has been a prominent banker at Morenci, Michigan, since 1869, and is still president of the Wakefield State Bank. On November 8, 1915, Mr. Hamilton married Miss Edna Wise of Kenton, Ohio. Her parents represented a very old family of Kenton, Springfield and Urbana, Ohio. Her father, H. A. Wise, was long a leading business man of Kenton, a manufacturer of iron working machinery and connected with the Ohio Machine and Tool Company. He is now retired. JOHN C. CARLAND. For twenty-three years J. C. Carland has been one of the prominent general contractors of Toledo, in and from which city his activities have extended over Northwest Ohio and have been closely identified with many lines of permanent improvement and development in this section. The business of general contractor as Mr. Carland carries it on means a large organization, thousands of dollars invested in mechanical HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1113 and general equipment, and a disciplined force of men ready to meet every emergency and handle any contracts from paving a street to the building of a railroad. Mr. Carland is a genial, liberal, self-made business man, and no one is more thoroughly imbued with the spirit of our institutions than Jack Carland as he is familiarly known to his friends. He was only fifteen years of age when he came face to face with the hard problems of life and he has lived in an atmosphere of hard work and difficult physical conditions, and that has been the medium through which he has worked his way to success. Born in Montreal, Canada, August 1, 1855, living there until he was fifteen years of age, he went to work in the Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway, in the freight house at 80c per day and from this was promoted to brakeman, running out to Port Huron. Only the old timers realize what kind of work railroad brakemen forty-five years ago had to do. There was not a railroad car on the continent at that time equipped with automatic couplers or air brakes, for coal, but they burnt wood and the engine was loaded up with wood. The brakeman of that time was really a "brakeman" and had to exercise constant vigilance, worked long hours, endured hardships and dangers and there were few other lines of employment more strenuous. For a youth of eighteen to undertake brake work shows the quality of enterprise and determination that resided in young Carland and which have been the impelling forces in his success. He also for a time sailed on the great lakes during the summer seasons, then spent a few winters, after the close of navigation, in the woods of Northern Michigan. In 1878 he became an employe of the Ashleys and as superintendent of construction assisted in the building of the Ann Arbor Railroad from Toledo to the shores of Lake Michigan. He remained with this company for a number of years in the positions of conductor and superintendent, and his connection only ceased after the great legal battle over the Ann Arbor Railroad was decided. adversely to the Ashleys. Then in 1893 Mr. Carland engaged in business for himself at Toledo as general contractor, and his career since then has been one of almost uniform success. Today he is one of the principal general contractors in Northwest Ohio. His plant and equipment comprises steam shovel, pile driver, standard gauge car, locomotives, also concrete plants and an organization for railroad construction work and paving. He has also considerable dredging and has built many miles of railroad, having completed the line between Toledo and Cincinnati, and also carried out a number of contracts for the Big Four Railway Company. His offices as a general contractor are in the Spitzer Building at Toledo. In addition Mr. Carland is president of The Toledo Car Company and of The Toledo Castings Company, both of which are among the leading industries of the city. Fraternally he is a member of the Masonic Order and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is a member of the Toledo Club and the Toledo Commerce Club and has at different times been a figure in local politics. Once he made the race for sheriff of Lucas County, and although unsuccessful his opponent had reason to know that it was a strenuous and hard fought campaign. Mr. Carland has one of the substantial homes of Toledo located at 2051 Ashland Avenue. He was happily married to Rosana Fey of Detroit, Michigan. Their three children, all born and educated in Toledo, are Howard L., Russell J. and Gladys. FREDERICK W. DUTTWEILER has spent the best years of his career in the lumber business. He is prominently known in Toledo and elsewhere in Northwest Ohio as head of the F. W. Duttweiler Lumber Company, exclusive wholesale merchants at Toledo, where his offices are in the Spitzer Building. Mr. Duttweiler also has a retail mill and plant at Findlay, Ohio, and is interested in several manufacturing mills in different parts of the country. Though he has spent most of his life in Ohio, Mr. Duttweiler was born at Falmouth, Rush County, Indiana, March 10, 1873. His parents, John Jacob and Magdalena (Shilling) Duttweiler, were both born in Lichten, Baden, Germany, and grew up as children there. Later they came to the United States with their respective families, and were married in Cincinnati. From Cincinnati they removed to a farm in Rush County, Indiana, and when Frederick W. was five years of age the family returned to Ohio, where the father bought a farm of sixty acres of woodland in Auglaize County. He cleared that farm himself, and spent his entire active career in farming pursuits. He was a man of great industry, a good provider, and death came to him after an honored career about 1911, when eighty-three years of age. His widow, who still owns the 1114 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO old homestead in Auglaize County, now managed by a renter, is eighty-four years of age, and makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Callie Craft, near St. Mary's, Ohio. John J. Duttweiler is buried at Wapakoneta, Ohio. In the family were eleven children, four sons and seven daughters. Three of the sons and six of the daughters are still living : Mrs. Marion Overhiser of Indianapolis, Indiana ; Mrs. Louise Mullen, a widow at Findlay, Ohio ; John J. ; Mrs. Lena Van Anda, a widow at Wapakoneta, Ohio ; Mrs. Emma Rapp, a widow living on a farm near St. Mary 's ; Mrs. Callie Craft, on a farm near St. Mary's ; Frederick W. ; and Albert, who lives near Indianapolis. All the children were born in Indiana, but received their education and early training on the old farm which their father cleared in Auglaize County. It was on this homestead that Frederick W. Duttweiler had his first experiences in the world. His education came from the country schools, and he grew up in the wholesome environment of the country boy. When seventeen years of age he left the farm and at Findlay, Ohio, learned the carpenter's trade and skilled himself in architecture by night study. He finally became an architect and building contractor, and during the eighteen years he spent at Findlay in that capacity erected some of the best homes of that city. Five years before leaving Findlay he established the F. W. Duttweiler Planing Mill and Lumber Yard. That is the mill and retail yard still bearing his name as proprietor. From Findlay Mr. Duttweiler engaged in the wholesale lumber business at Detroit for about a year under the firm name of Robinson & Duttweiler. In 1908 the offices of the firm were removed to Toledo, and soon afterward he bought out his partner, Mr. Robinson, and has since conducted the wholesale lumber business alone under his individual name. He handles lumber in car lots only and deals exclusively as a wholesaler. Mr. Duttweiler is interested in timber lands and has a sawmill at Burnsville, Alabama. This mill has an extensive annual cut of yellow pine. The Alabama business is operated under the name F. W. Duttweiler Lumber Company. He also has timber lands and a sawmill at Newbury, Michigan, and this mill cuts pine, hemlock and cedar. The plant at Newbury is under the firm name the Hunter & Love Lumber Company, Mr. Duttweiler having bought the interest of Mr. Love when he died. Mr. Duttweiler is also vice president and director of the Trotter Lumber Company of Toledo. He is a member of the Retail Lumber Dealers' Association of Ohio and the Union Association of Lumber, Sash and Door Salesmen. He is well known in Toledo's social and business life, is a member of the Inverness Golf Club, golf being his favorite recreation, of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Automobile Club, and politically is a republican. Mr. Duttweiler and family reside at 2140 Jefferson Avenue. On August 29, 1895, at Findlay, where his wife was born and educated, he married Miss Nettie R. Wolf, daughter of David and Marinda J. (Cooper) Wolf. This is an old family of Findlay, and her father was a farmer in Hancock County and also a veteran of the Civil war. He served as a private in the Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and died in Findlay about 1901. Mrs. Duttweiler's mother is living at Toledo in the Duttweiler home. Mr. and Mrs. Duttweiler have a daughter, Edith J., who was born in Findlay and is now a student in the Scott High School of Toledo. OREN S. WILCOX, who has been identified with Toledo a third of a century, is one of the prominent figures in commercial life and is president of the M. I. Wilcox Company, manufacturers and wholesale dealers in mill supplies, ship chandlery goods and canvas goods, and more recently in an extensive line of automobile supplies. This concern was established by a pioneer Toledo business man, the late Minot I. Wilcox, reference to whose career is made on other pages. Oren S. Wilcox, president of the company, is a second cousin of the late M. I. Wilcox. Oren S. Wilcox was born at Point Peninsula, a post hamlet on the shores of Lake Ontario, in Jefferson County, New York, April 24, 1864. His parents were Oren S., Sr., and Mary (Cline) Wilcox. His father was also born at Point Peninsula, while his mother was born at Three-Mile Bay, a post village on a bay of Lake Ontario, but also in Jefferson County. His grandfather was William Wilcox, who served as a drummer boy in the American army during the War of 1812, and later became one of the wealthy planters of Jefferson County. His home was at Point Peninsula, in a little community then known as Wilcoxville, named for the Wilcox family. William Wilcox lived to be ninety-six and HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1115 many other members of the family reached advanced years. Three of his sons, brothers of Oren S., Sr., were soldiers in the Mexican war under the command of Gen. Winfield Scott, and were killed wile in the service. Oren S. Wilcox, Sr., during his early career was a general merchant at Point Peninsula, and later established his store at Three-Mile Bay, where he now resides. Mrs. O. S. Wilcox, Sr., died there in February, 1912. Though of excellent ancestry and of a substantial American family, Oren S. Wilcox has made his own way in life and some lessons of encouragement are to be found in this brief sketch of his career. He attended the primary schools of his native village, Point Peninsula, and later paid his own way through the high school at Watertown in Jefferson County, where he graduated with the class of 1883. He thus acquired not only a good education in the literary arts, but of still greater value a self-reliance that has served him well since leaving school. From New York he came to Toledo and entered the employ of the M. I. Wilcox Company. He began work on Friday, May 13, 1883, and his own successful career disproves any superstition regarding the unluckiness of such a date. On May 13, 1916, Mr. Wilcox completed thirty-three years of continuous association with one firm, and he is now its president and active head. After the death of M. I. Wilcox, November 19, 1905, Oren S. Wilcox and George M. V. Barbour purchased the business, and Mr. Wilcox became vice president, an office he retained until November 1, 1909, at which time the company was reorganized with the following officers : Oren S. Wilcox, president ; Albert J. Wilcox, vice president ; Frederick F. Ingalls, secretary and treasurer ; and Charles J. Stanley, manager. The M. I. Wilcox Company was incorporated March 8, 1887, with a capital of $125,000. It is one of the largest concerns of its kind in the Middle West. It carries on an extensive manufacture of tents, awnings, flags, canvas covers, and also deals at wholesale in marine hardware and ship chandlery, mill and railroad supplies, cordage, paints, oils, etc. Within the past year the company has begun the manufacture of automobile tops, seat covers, hood and radiator covers, motorboat tops, and a general line of automobile equipment of this type. This department of the manufacture was for a time carried on at the central plant at 210-216 Water Street, but early in January, 1916, a location at 110-114 Eleventh Street was secured, close to Toledo's motor row, and this branch of the general business is now a very extensive concern on its own account. The automobile equipment branch of the company is under the management of Harry Parke. On October 1, 1890, Mr. Wilcox married Miss Mary Pratt of Toledo, daughter of Judge Charles and Catherine (Sherring) Pratt. The late Judge Pratt was a prominent pioneer citizen of Toledo, and reference to his career is found on other pages. Mr. and Mrs. Wilcox have one daughter, Catherine S. Mrs. Mary Pratt Wilcox died at the family residence in this city March 2, 1912. Until failing health compelled her to give up social activities, she was prominent in society. Mr. O. S. Wilcox married again, June 4, 1914, Grace Finney Potter, who is a niece of the late Mrs. M. I. Wilcox, and in whose family she lived for years. Mrs. Wilcox has a daughter by a former marriage named Grace, and both Catherine S. and Grace reside at the family home, 2416 Robinwood Avenue. SAMUEL STEPHENS BURTSFIELD. In point of strictly professional ability and standing S. S. Burtsfield is without question one of the foremost lawyers of the Toledo bar. Though he has practiced for more than a quarter of a century in Northwest Olio, he has never courted any of the honors which so often go with professional success and so far as known' has never held any important office. He is a conscientious, painstaking and careful lawyer, and has given a large clientage the best of his ability and skill. Mr. Burtsfield has practiced at Toledo for the past sixteen years. He was born at Shelby, Ohio, October 25, 1861, a son of John and Matilda (Shoup) Burtsfield, both of whom were born near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. His mother was of German descent, and his father, while English on his father's side, grew up with the ability to talk the dialect known as Pennsylvania Dutch. John Burtsfield was a farmer, and after his marriage in Pennsylvania moved West and in 1845 settled on a farm near Ontario in Richland County. In 1871 he moved to Van Wert County, and continued farming there until his death at the age of eighty-four. His wife passed away at the age of seventy-three. Reared on a farm, S. S. Burtsfield was not content to allow the horizon of the country landscape to limit his activities, and he early aspired to a higher education and to a profes- 1116 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO sional career. Largely out of his own earnings he paid his way through Wittenberg College, Springfield, Ohio, where he graduated Bachelor of Arts June 20, 1888, and Master of Arts in June, 1891. During his college career he was a member of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity. Admitted to the bar in 1890 he began practice in March of that year at Van Wert and remained there until he sought a wider field in Toledo in 1900. He was at first in individual practice in Toledo, but later was associated with Mr. Milroy, the present Toledo mayor, under the name Burtsfield & Milroy. Their association continued for five years until Mr. Milroy was elected mayor on January 1, 1916. For a short time Hon. Brand Whitlock, now United States Minister to Belgium, was a partner in the firm, which was then known as Whitlock, Burtsfield & Milroy. Mr. Burtsfield has his offices in the Spitzer Building. He is a democrat in politics and a member of the Lutheran Church. On June 17, 1891, at Van Wert, Ohio, he married Eudora Thomas, daughter of Otho J. and Mary Ann (Gray) Thomas. Mr. and Mrs. Burtsfield have one daughter, Mary Marguerite, who graduated from the Central High School of Toledo in 1910 and from Vassar College in 1915. MINOT. I. WILCOX. In the channels of business the life of the late Minot I. Wilcox touches many phases of Toledo's growth and prosperity, and whatever it touched it helped to vitalize and improve. Among the many men of the last century whose names deserve memory in the present that of Minot I. Wilcox is prominent. He was a pioneer business man and banker, and had resided in the city for fifty-seven years. He came to Toledo in the early '40s, and his business was established in 1844. His useful career came to a quiet close with his death at his home, 1018 Jefferson Avenue, on November 19, 1905. At the early age of eleven he had begun the hard work and the self-dependence which later brought him a fortune, but he also enjoyed a heritage of substantial qualities from his ancestors. He was the youngest in a family of nine children, and was born in Jefferson County, New York, April 7, 1829. His childhood was spent on the farm which had been cleared by his father from the forest of Northern New York early in the nineteenth century. He grew up on what was practically the frontier, had limited schooling and such meager luxuries as his worthy parents could supply were distributed in small portions among the numerous brothers and sisters. It is noteworthy that his grandfather was a New Bedford whaler, and from him Mr. Wilcox may have inherited those traits which gave him a taste for marine interests. For nearly half a century he was identified with the cordage and ship chandlery business at Toledo, and around the entire circuit of the Great Lakes there is no name that was more respected among shipping men. After an apprenticeship of one year he became a ship joiner, and spent several years of hard labor in various mills both in the East and after his removal to Toledo from Point Peninsula, New York, in 1841. In 1844 he set up in business for himself with his brother-in-law as ship chandlers under the firm name of Reed & Wilcox. Six years later the firm dissolved partnership. Later Leonard and M. I. Wilcox founded the firm of Wilcox Brothers, which, beginning at the corner of Madison and Water streets, was transferred in 1868 to the location now occupied by the M. I. Wilcox Company on Water Street. Leonard Wilcox died in May, 1880, and M. I. Wilcox continued alone in his business until its incorporation in 1887 as the M. I. Wilcox Cordage and Supply Company, with himself as president. At the present time the M. I. Wilcox Company is practically the only firm in Toledo doing a cordage business, and the extent of its interests is indicated in more detail in the sketch of Mr. Oren S. Wilcox, now president of the company, and a second cousin of the late Minot I. Wilcox. When the business started more than half a century ago, in addition to the modest stock of ship supplies, the firm carried butter, eggs, meat, tallow and the many small necessities which were required by the boats that in the early history of the city tied up at the wharves for replenishment. Year after year passed and each cycle of time noted an increase in development of the trade of this firm. While his place in the commercial history of Toledo would be assured' had he confined himself entirely to the development of the present M. I. Wilcox Company, it should be noted that his interests had a much broader scope. For twelve years he was at the head of the firm of Wilcox, Stock & Company, manufacturers of steam dredges and shovels. He was president of the Maumee River Steamboat Company, which owned the steamer Pastime. He was vice president of the Vulcan HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1117 Iron Works Company and a director of the Milburn Wagon Company. His financial interests extended to various other Toledo institutions. From its organization he was a director of the Merchants National Bank, now merged with the Second National Bank of Toledo, was elected its vice president, and in 1893 and again in 1898 was honored with the presidency of the bank. He also served as a member of the board of fire commissioners. In 1864, under the three months' call for troops, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirtieth Ohio Regiment, and was given a major's commission. Though without children, he had an ideal home life. Early in 1905 he and Mrs. Wilcox celebrated their golden wedding anniversary, and just six weeks later, in March of that year, Mrs. Wilcox passed away, mourned by a large circle of friends and much missed by the beneficiaries of her many charities. The passing of his wife was a severe blow to Mr. Wilcox and his own health rapidly declined and he followed her to the beyond before the close of the year. Mrs. Wilcox before her marriage was Miss Emma Finney of Lafargeville, New York, a daughter of Henry Finney and a niece of the late President Finney of Oberlin College. Of the character and influence of this pioneer Toledo citizen much might be said. He was an interesting companion, a stanch friend, an upright, patriotic citizen, and a man whose commercial integrity was flawless. Reared in the school of adversity, he knew how to sympathize with misfortune, and he was generous in answer to the call for charity, whether in behalf of the individual or for the promotion of some public beneficence. He was never able to take a life of ease, though his subsequent fortune would have justified it, and he practically died in the harness, since he attended to business until about a month before his death. As one of the few remaining old-time citizens he was able to relate many interesting experiences of his early life in the city. He went through the cholera epidemic of 1849, and as he went to work in the morning it was a common sight to see a dead man lying along Water Street. In 1856 he joined the volunteer fire department, and in later years he often exhibited with pride his certificate of membership. The only secret fraternity of which he was a member was Toledo Lodge No. 402, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he was the last of its charter members to die. The Rev. Cyrus Townsend Brady of the Trinity Episcopal Church officiated at the funeral services of Mr. Wilcox. CLAUDE ALLEN CAMPBELL. While one of the younger business men of Toledo, Claude Allen Campbell yields to none of his senior fellows in the quality of enterprise, keen judgment and faith and enthusiasm in matters affecting real estate interests, and is equally wide awake and public spirited in all matters affecting the welfare of his home city. He was born at Gibsonburg, Ohio, June 4, 1890, a son of William Wells and Mertie (Laird) Campbell. His father is a well known lawyer of Toledo, and both father and mother have been prominent in fraternal, social and educational affairs in that city. In the matter of ancestry, this branch of the Campbell family originated in the Scotch Highlands, and was transplanted to Northern Ohio early in the 'nineteenth century. Mr. Campbell's grandfather always claimed that this branch were cousins to the Duke of Argyle. Mr. Campbell is a thorough young American, and has never pursued the subjcct of his family relationship to the early English or Scotch royalty, though he greatly prizes certain ancestral relics, including a family crest and Bible printed in Scotch script early in the eighteenth century, and some other family mementoes. Another interesting line of his ancestry is that his grandfather married a direct descendant of Ethan Allen, the historic figure of the Revolutionary war. Reared in Toledo, Claude Allen Campbell attended the Fulton Grade School, where he was president of the graduating class, then entered the Central High School, where his student record was distinguished by participation in athletics and also as a member of the debating team of the Demosthenian Society, and as a participant in half a dozen or more plays given during his, high school years. From high school he entered Oberlin Acad. emy, where he was president of his class, and he won two oratorical contests while in the academy. He finished his education in Oberlin College. He made some enviable records in athletics while at Oberlin, and has always retained his deep interest in outdoor sports and in amateur theatrical affairs. He is now the champion runner of the athletic team of the Toledo Commerce Club. While in college he was a member of the Phi Alpha Pi and Phi Chi Greek letter fraternities. Like many successful business men, Mr. Campbell began acting upon the principle of 1118 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO self help during school days. While in high school he was connected with the largest local real estate company of Toledo, and After leaving college he re-entered the employ of the same firm. There he familiarized himself with all the departments of the business, and then began specializing in the management and development of 'business property. It was his success in that line and his rapidly maturing experience and judgment which brought him to the active control and management of the properties of the Ohio Savings Bank and Trust Company. He is now manager of the building and real estate departments of that great financial company of Toledo, and is also chairman of the Toledo Association of Building Owners and Managers, and is a director of the State Association of Building Owners and Managers. He is also secretary of the Ohio Building Company in Toledo, and sec: retary-treasurer of the Wamba Chemicar Company. While not personally active in politics, Mr. Campbell is a republican and member of the Lucas County Republican League. He is affiliated with Rubicon Lodge No. 237, Free and Accepted Masons, is a member of the Young Men's Christian Association, the Toledo Commerce Club, the Oberlin Alumni Association, the Toledo Golf Club, and he and his family worship in the Collingwood Avenue Presbyterian Church. On October 24, 1914, at Bolivar, New York, Mr. Campbell married Miss Jane Gray, daughter of James and Ada Gray. Her father is an extensive oil operator and is now mayor of Bolivar. Mrs. Campbell entered upon the duties and responsibilities of home life not only with a liberal education, but with many exceptional talents, particularly in instrumental and vocal music. Her advanced education was acquired at Oberlin College and in the New England Conservatory of Music of Boston. She is a member of the Alpha Chi Omega National Fraternity, and in Toledo circles is a member of the Woman's Educational Club and the Eurydice Club. MARTIN C. TROUT. A. resident of Toledo more than thirty years, and now retired, Martin C. Trout has had a long and useful business career. For many years he was one of the prominent railway officials of the country. His greatest work was accomplished as an official of the car service department of several different railway systems and he was active in that line at Toledo until the road with which he had long been identified was merged into a larger system. On account of his happy associations, his congenial home life and various interests at Toledo he declined some flattering offers of engagements with other railways, and has spent the last twelve or thirteen years in the management of his private affairs. Now in his seventieth year, and with almost half a century of business experience behind him, he has lived up to the full capacity of his opportunities and his abilities. He was born in Blair County, Pennsylvania, December 20, 1846, a son of Thomas G. and Mary A. (Smith) Trout. His parents spent all their lives in Pennsylvania, and his father was of English descent while his mother was of Pennsylvania German stock. Thomas G. Trout's mother was a Harrison and was an heir to the estate of President William Henry Harrison. Thomas G. Trout was a prominent and wealthy farmer in Pennsylvania. He also served as captain in the state militia. There were five sons and three daughters in the family. Two of the sons died in infancy, while all the others are living today except the oldest daughter. M. G. Trout, who is three years older than Martin C., was all through the Civil war and was a lieutenant in the Twelfth Pennsylvania Cavalry. The only member of the family living in Ohio, Martin C. Trout grew up in a home of comfort and culture, and was given unusual advantages in the way of schooling. He attended the public schools of Blair County and also a school at Altoona founded and conducted by the Pennsylvania Railroad officials for the benefit of the adult children of railway officials. The Pennsylvania Company secured the services of a talented educator, Professor Miller from Germany to take charge of the school, and he was its head while Mr. Trout attended. It was due to the fact that Mr. Trout's father was a shipper in his section of the state and his large dealings with the Pennsylvania road that he was able to secure a place in this fine school for his son. Mr. Trout was a student there about three years, and he also attended Allegheny College. His schooling finished, his father bought him a farm. He showed neither inclination nor taste for agricultural pursuits, and he was obliged to disappoint his father in this particular plan for his career. He soon afterwards, before he was married, went to Philadelphia as a green country boy, and with the assistance and advice of the late Jacob D. HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1119 Heft, a millionaire woolen manufacturer and a friend of his father's, he was soon established in the commission business and followed' that line for about five years. He was a member of the firm of J. Struthers, Walter Company, handling wool, flax, leather and great quantities of turpentine. Following two or three years Mr. Trout was in the mercantile business in his old home town of Altoona. He then became identified with the service of the Pennsylvania system in the transportation department at Altoona. While there he laid the foundation of his expert career as a railway man and was in that one department for eight years. His next post was with the Mackey System at Evansville, Indiana, where he organized the car service department and was its superintendent for two years. While there he compiled and had introduced into the motive power department of the Mackey System the performance of engine sheet, which is now in use, with some modifications, by all the important railway systems of the country. In 1883 Mr. Trout came to Toledo with former President John E. Martin of the Mackey System, and continued in charge of same department here until 1903, giving twenty years of capable service to the company. In 1903 the transportation department was consolidated with the Hocking Valley Railway and this .particular department was abolished. For more than twenty-five years Mr. Trout was a member of the International Association of Car Service Railroad officers. During that time he served the greater portion as chairman or member of important committees and was treasurer of the association seven years. He was among the first members and for the first time to introduce and advocate and finally bring into use "demurrage" on all railroads. He was chairman of the Demurrage committee for three terms or three years. Mr. Trout says that the most gratifying achievement of his career in railway affairs came in the years 1883-84. At that time there was a wide diversion of opinion and methods of handling railroad equipment between railroads north and south of the Ohio River. The Mackey System in Southern Indiana then sent Mr. Trout to the southern states to negotiate a closer and better interchange of car equipment between northern and southern roads. As a result of his negotiations he was instrumental in bringing about the abolishment of the Southern Car Service Clearing House at Atlanta, Georgia, and the merging of its membership with the International Association. His success in bringing about this praiseworthy reform was largely due to the fact that he gained the friendship and intimacy of various southern railroad officials, including former Governor Joseph M. Brown, Jr., of Georgia, E. C. Spaulding of Atlanta, Colonel Moody of Charlotte, North Carolina, and others. At various times since then these southern gentlemen in public addresses and publications have given Mr. Trout full credit as the medium of uniting the northern and southern railroad associations, or as they have been pleased to phrase it, "bringing them into intimate personal and business relations and methods." During his incumbency and at the conclusion of his duties in Toledo, Mr. Trout had some attractive offers to join the official staff of Vice President O. S. Lyford of the Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad, and was offered engagements with the West Shore, the Canadian Pacific and one of the largest southern systems. As already stated, his attractive home life in Toledo and his real estate investments in the city, caused him to forego promotion which would necessitate his severing his connections with Toledo. For some years he handled considerable local real estate, was also representative at Toledo for a New York City bonding house, and was connected with one or two manufacturing industries. Politically Mr. Trout is a republican though in local affairs he is independent and gives his support to the candidate he considers best qualified for the office. For more than forty years he has been a Mason, and still keeps his membership in the old home lodge, Mountain Lodge No. 281, Free and Accepted Masons, at Altoona, Pennsylvania. At one time he thought he would yield to the urgings of his Toledo friends to demit from the Pennsylvania lodge, but he was influenced to keep his membership at Altoona out of respect to the wishes of his brethren there, and also because when his life work should be ended his remains will find a final resting place in Altoona. Mr. Trout has enjoyed an ideal domestic life. In fact his club is his home. Both he and his wife are active members of the St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church in Toledo and he is now president of the board of trustees and chairman of the house committee. Recently, on April 4, 1916, Mr. and Mrs. 1120 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Trout participated in that impressive occasion known a the celebration of a golden or fiftieth wedding anniversary. They were married in Pennsylvania, where all their children were born, and all their children except one daughter who was ill joined them in the celebration of their golden wedding at their home in Toledo. They were married at Academia, Juniata County, Pennsylvania. While paying court to his future wife Mr. Trout was in business at Philadelphia, and he had to make his periodical journeys back and forth partly by rail and partly by stage. Mrs. Trout's maiden name was Ella A. Van Dyke. Her parents were William R. and Elizabeth (Smith) Van Dyke. Both her father and one of her brothers were killed in the Civil war. This brother, who was the oldest, was slain in the battle of Gettysburg. Her second brother was Dr. James M. Van Dyke, now deceased, of Boston, Massachusetts. Her third brother is J. W. Van Dyke, now president of the Standard Oil Company of Philadelphia. Mrs. Trout is also related to the Van Dykes of Detroit and to W. D. Van Dyke, who for a number of years has been vice president of the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company of Milwaukee. Mrs. Trout's father was a farmer and business man. He was killed in the second battle of Drainsville early in the Civil war. Mrs. Trout was born at Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, was educated there and at the Academia Seminary. To their union have been born five children, two sons and three daughters : Bessie is now the wife of W. A. Peters, assistant secretary of the board of underwriters at Philadelphia. Thad is connected with the Standard Oil Company at Lima, Ohio. Elizabeth, who is still at home, is in the Toledo University and for two years was president of the Young Women's Christian Association. Another daughter is the wife of Walter Richardson, who is one of the managers of the great mercantile house Of John Wanamaker at Philadelphia. The son Fred lives at Columbus, Ohio. The children were educated at Toledo and elsewhere, and Mrs. Richardson attended the Ohio Wesleyan University and Wellesley College. Both Mrs. Trout and her daughter Mrs. Richardson have enjoyed extensive travels in Europe. The family home in Toledo is located at 2301 Lawrence Avenue. JOHN P. DELPHEY, who has been identified with the practice of law at Toledo for more than twenty years, is one of the versatile-minded men of that city. His abilities as a 'lawyer are widely recognized, he is also a manufacturer, and a great many people have come to appreciate his literary and artistic ability. He was born in Seneca County, Ohio, October 15, 1856, a son of Washington W. and Mary (Rauch) Delphey. Washington W. Delphey, who was born. March 13, 1830, was a son of Philander Delphey, one of seven brothers, all of whom came to the United States from England soon after the Revolutionary war and settled in Central Maryland and Eastern Pennsylvania. Several of these brothers served during the second war against England. Two of them had participated under John Paul Jones in America's naval victories over England. On November 15, 1855, Washington W. Delphey married Mary Rauch of Monroe County, Michigan. She was born March 15, 1831. Her father, John Rauch, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, October 30, 1796, and died March 15, 1867, in LaSalle Township of Monroe County, Michigan. The old family homestead on which he died is now in the possession of one of his grandchildren. John Rauch was married in 1825 to Anna Maria Bridenbaugh, then a widow, but John Rauch had been her lover since childhood. She was born in Annsville, Pennsylvania, May 2, 1799, and first married Mr. Bridenbaugh. After his death she married John Rauch. She died March 11, 1883. There were eight children in the family of Washington W. Delphey and wife : John Philander, born at Roop's Mills, Seneca County, Ohio, October 15, 1856 ; Eden Vinson, born at Caroline, in Seneca County, October 3, 1858; Calvin Irving, born at Caroline, September 29, 1860 ; Washington Dolphin, born at Caroline, August 17, 1862 ; Ellen May, born at Erie, Monroe County, Michigan, September 19, 1864 ; Mary Frances, born at Erie, October 23, 1867 ; Joseph Edward, born at Erie, August 27, 1869 ; and William Henry, born at Erie, September 27, 1871. Of these children Washington D. married on December 30, 1888, Harriet Smith of Monroe County, Michigan. Eden V. Delphey married, September 20, 1893, Margaret Hogg of Clyde, Nova Scotia; William H. Delphey married, January 5, 1898, Flora Stine of Chino, California ; Ella M. married, June 5, 1906, Amos William Gilbert, who died while he and his wife were on a pleasure visit to the Sandwich Islands. The son Calvin I. Delphey died at Erie, Michigan, HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1121 January .4, 1889. Washington W. Delphey, the father of the family, died at Erie, Michigan, May 6, 1904, and his wife Mary (Rauch) Delphey, died at the same place December 22, 1911. The son Joseph Edward Delphey is now a resident of Toledo, engaged in a quiet way in the real estate and loan business. John P. Delphey gained his primary education in the public schools of Erie, Michigan, and in 1876 graduated from the Toledo High School. He subsequently entered the University of Michigan, where along with literary work he spent one year in the law department. He was graduated Bachelor of Philosophy with the class of 1882 and after leaving university he returned to Toledo and was in the real estate and- collection business until 1892. In that year he was admitted to the Ohio bar at Columbus before the Supreme Court, acquitting himself with honors in the examination. In June, 1894, he was admitted to practice in the United Sttes District Court at Toledo. As a lawyer his practice has been for the greater part carried on as an individual, and his offices are now at 305-307 in the Nasby Building. Mr. Delphey is also proprietor of the Ready Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of the Chain Stay fence and of the Ready payout reels. Mr. Delphey is patentee of these reels, having taken out four patents, and has developed their manufacture as a considerable local industry. These reels have a wide distribution not only in domestic but foreign markets, and the business abroad was of considerable proportions before the present great war. Mr. Delphey also has real estate and owns some very valuable property in Toledo. In his political attitude he was a democrat until 1896. Unable to accommodate his principles to the declaration for bimetallism in that year, he became a republican, and has since voted that ticket on national issues. He has maintained strict independence in municipal politics. While he has been a successful lawyer and business man, Mr. Delphey has temperament and tastes which otherwise might have led him to devote all his time to the quieter vocations of literature. He has never married, though he realizes that the most precious life is that of wedded union and advises his younger friends accordingly. JOHN WALPOLE STOPHLET. Few vocations come into such close and extensive touch with men of all classes and conditions as that of the traveling man. For many years Northwest Ohio had no more popular and better known "evangel of business" than the late John Walpole Stophlet, whose death at 'his home on Maplewood Avenue in Toledo, January 20, 1905, was widely lamented. Mr. Stophlet had all the genial qualities as well as the forceful enterprise of the ablest and most successful men in his profession. He was a veteran in the business, and did not give up traveling until about four months before his death, when he remained at home and looked after the local business of his firm, the Stollberg Hardware Company. Before entering the service of the Stollberg company he was with the firm of Buhl & Company of Detroit, and prior to that for many years represented Whitaker & Company of Toledo. At one time he resided at Delphos, Ohio, but for twenty years before his death had lived in Toledo. Of an old and prominent family of Fort Wayne and the Maumee Valley, John Walpole Stophlet was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, April 25, 1845, being the second son of Samuel and Mary (McMaken) Stophlet. The earliest record of the Stophlet family is found in the annals of the Provinces of Alsace and Lorain, those border countries between Germany and France which for centuries have been alternately under the jurisdiction of the Germans and the French. Samuel Stophlet was born in Pennsylvania, but moved out to Fort Wayne, Indiana, very early in the history of that city. He filled many positions of honor and trust, served for many years as postmaster and also as a member of the State Legislature, anStophlet Mnerally known as Judge StophleMcMaken, Stophlet married Mary MeMaken, a daughter of a pioneer resident of Fort Wayne, whose early recollections extended back to a time when he lived in the old Block House or Fort constructed by Anthony Wayne in 1794. John W. Stophlet grew up in Fort Wayne, acquired his education there, and though very young at the time he was a Union soldier. He served as a private in the One Hundred and Fifty-First Ohio Infantry, which was a hundred day regiment called out in 1864. In July, 1886, John W. Stophlet brought his family to Toledo and lived there until his death nearly twenty years later. He was one of the most popular members of the Toledo Traveling Men's Association, which he served as president one term. He was affiliated with 1122 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Rubicon. Lodge No. 237, Free and Accepted Masons, which organization had charge of his funeral, escorting the remains to Fort Wayne for burial. In 1872 Mr. John W. Stophlet married Miss Lizzie Underhill, a daughter of Phineas Strong and Harriet (Boynton) Underhill. Her parents came from New England and were associated with the early history of Fort Wayne, where Phineas S. Underhill was prominent in business affairs at the time of his death, and his wife lived there for more than half a century. At his death John W. Stophlet was survived by Mrs. Stophlet and four of the five children born to them. The four sons are : Alonzo B. now connected with the Overland Automobile Company of Toledo ; Manfred M., a well known Toledo architect mentioned elsewhere ; Mark B., who is also an architect and has been associated with his brother at Toledo since 1910 ; and Harry S., teller in the Ohio Savings Bank & Trust Company of Toledo. IRA H. LECKLIDER is vice president and manager of the Lucas County Abstract Company, an organization of abstract interests effected about four years ago and handling a large amount of the business in that line transacted in Lucas County. Mr. Lecklider, though trained for the law and a member of the Ohio bar, has given practically all his time during the last twenty years to abstract work, and is considered one of the best posted men on that subject in the City of Toledo. He represents some pioneer stock of Western Ohio. Mr. Lecklider himself was born at Ansonia in Darke County, Ohio, January 18, 1856, a son of William C. and Margaret (Riffle) Lecklider. His mother was a native of Darke County and his father of Montgomery County, Ohio. William C. Lecklider, who died in April, 1913, at the age of eighty, spent his early years as a farmer and later was a merchant at Ansonia. The mother, who now resides at Toledo with her son Harvey Lecklider, is eighty-two years of age, having been born on the 4th of March, the day that Martin Van Buren was inaugurated president of the United States. William C. Lecklider and wife were married at Ansonia, and in the early days they experienced all the incidents and hardships of pioneer and frontier life. Their lives began about the time the first railroad construction was undertaken in the United States, and they lived through those interesting periods of mechanical improvement when successively the telegraph, the many marvelous agricultural implements, the telephone, electric light and power, and finally aviation were perfected. William C. Leander was an active republican and a man of considerable influence in Darke County. He was of German descent, while his wife was English. Ira H. Lecklider is the oldest of a family of seven sons, all of whom are living. Charles W. is a resident of Chicago ; Jacob H., Galen C., Ulysses Grant, Arthur E., and Harvey B., all reside in Toledo. All were born in Darke County, Ohio, and received their early educational advantages there. In addition to common schools, Ira H. Leander attended the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, where he was graduated in 1873, and he had previously attended the school at Gettysburg, Ohio. He was a resident of Greenville, Ohio, for some time, and while there studied law in the office of Knox & Sater, well known attorneys of that city. He was with that firm for three years, and in 1878 was admitted to the bar before the Supreme Court at Columbus. Mr. Lecklider has been a resident at Toledo since 1880. For eight years he was in the railway mail service, running from New York to Chicago on the New York Central lines. He then took up abstract work, and has been actively connected with that business ever since 1896. He and several others established and organized the Lucas County Abstract Company in 1912, and prior to that Mr. Leander was for ten years in an office of his own in the Nasby Building. The Lucas County Abstract Company now has its offices on the ground floor of the Wayne Building. Partly as a means of recreation and partly as a business in which he takes particular delight, Mr. Lecklider owns a fine stock farm of one hundred and forty-five acres in Rollin Township of Lenawee County, Michigan. Any leisure time he finds or when business permits he is usually on the farm. His hobby is fine Holstein cattle, and at this writing he has about sixty head and expects to increase his herd to a hundred before the close of 1916. For forty years Mr. Lecklider has enjoyed a happy and congenial home life. In 1876, at Ansonia, he married Miss Catherine C. Cunkle, who was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, a daughter of Jacob and Margaret (Haas) Cunkle, who died many years ago at Bradford Junction, Ohio. Her parents were of Pennsylvania Dutch stock. Mrs. Lecklider, who was the youngest of her parents' children, has given her life since her marriage to her home HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 1123 and children, and has never found time to take up any form of social or club activities. To their marriage were born eight children, one of whom died in infancy and the other seven, four sons and three daughters are still living. Bessie for the past ten years has been a resident of Los Angeles, California, where she is private secretary to the manager of the Union Oil Company. Maud, whose home has also been in Los Angeles. for the past ten years, is connected with the Title Guarantee and Trust Company. Channing R. is at home with his parents. Ira H. Jr., is an electrical engineer and for the past three years has lived at Los Angeles, where he is connected with the Pacific Light and Power Company. Austin A. lives in Toledo. Alice Carey is physical director of the Y. W. C. A. of Toledo and lives at home. Frederick F. is a very live and enterprising young business man of Toledo, being a curbstone broker in secondhand automobiles. The two oldest children were born in Greenville, Ohio, while the others are natives of Toledo, and all attended school here. Alice graduated from a higher school in Los Angeles, while Ira H. Jr., after leaving the Toledo High School, spent four years in the electrical engineering course in the University of Michigan. NICHOLAS J. WALINSKI. A young Toledo lawyer, Nicholas J. Walinski is the most prominent representative in legal and political leadership among the Polish people of Toledo. From a boyhood of comparative poverty a steadfast ambition has carried him from one grade of attainment to another, and he is now liberally educated, attending to a large legal practice, and a recognized leader in his home city. He was born at Berea, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, September 4, 1884, a son of Theodore and Josephine (Wolski) Walinski, both of whom were born in Prussian Poland and were married there, coming to the United States in 1874 and settling at Berea, where Theodore Walinski was employed in the stone quarries at his trade as stone sawyer. He is still living at the age of sixty-two years, and he and his wife have a comfortable home at Lorain, to which place they retired in 1913. They were the parents of eight children, five sons and three daughters, and all of whom are living. The fifth in order of age among the children, Nicholas J. Walinski spent his early boyhood at Berea, Ohio, where he attended St. Adelbert's parochial school and the Berea High School. He was also a student in the St. Ignatius Jesuit College at Cleveland for two years, then entered St. Mary's College at Detroit, Michigan, where he graduated in 1905, and followed this up with a course in the Cleveland Law School, from which he was graduated LL. B. in 1908. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in June of that year. Mr. Walinski on August 1, 1908, began the practice of law at Toledo in the law offices of Mulholland & Hartmann. He was with that firm until the first of the following December when he became connected with the law firm of Fell & Schaal, and was in their offices until September 1, 1914. Since then he has been in active practice alone with offices in the Nicholas Building. He has now what is regarded as the largest clientage in Toledo among the Polish people. He has won every step of advancement by his own efforts. While in college he was employed by the Nickel Plate Railroad during the summer months when other students were taking their vacation, and he also sold insurance and accepted any other honorable employment in order to pay his way through college. When he opened up his law business he had only $25 to his credit, but has made a success from the start and besides his substantial practice as a lawyer is now a recognized leader in civic affairs in Toledo, especially among the Polish people. In politics he is a republican of progressive ideas. He has taken an active part in the Polish relief work for the war sufferers and has given liberally to the cause himself and has been entrusted with the management of such matters in Toledo. Mr. Walinski is one of the directors of The Lucas County Abstract Company, is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Foresters of America, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Toledo Automobile Club, finding his chief recreation in automobiling, and belongs to several Polish organizations, including the Polish Falcons, the Polish National Alliance, and is secretary of the Polish Commerce Club of Toledo. He is also a member of the Toledo Museum of Art. In religious affairs he is a member of St. Anthony's Parish, and his home is at 1263 Nebraska Avenue in the Tenth Ward, largely a Polish neighborhood. On January 9, 1914, Mr. Walinski suffered the grievous misfortune of losing his wife by death, and this was not only a blow to the immediate family but a loss to the entire Polish population of 1124 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Toledo. On June 1, 1910, he married Miss Martha C. Zielinski of Toledo, daughter of Frank Zielinski. Mrs. Walinski was one of the most prominent Polish women of Toledo, active in everything for the benefit of her people, and the high regard with which she was cherished is well illustrated by the fact that at her death both the Polish papers of Toledo devoted an entire page to the sad event. Mr. and Mrs. Walinski were devoted to each other and in her memory he has kept his home as nearly as possible the same as it was when she was its presiding genius. Two young sons were born to them and are still living, Thaddeus N. and Eugene F. CHRISTOPHER DAUDT, senior member of the Daudt Glass and Crockery Company, the largest wholesale house of its kind in Toledo, and vice president of the Union Savings Bank, is one of Toledo's foremost citizens of German birth and parentage. He came to this country as a young man, nearly fifty years ago, and his growing business interests have made him widely known not only in Toledo but in other cities of the Central West. He was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, December 22, 1850, a son of Rev. Charles and Augusta (Bang) Daudt. His father was a minister of the German Reform Church in Hesse Darmstadt, where he and his wife died. He lived to be seventy and his wife to be eighty-four. Neither of them ever came to America. They had four daughters and three sons, all of whom grew up, and two of the sons and all of the daughters are still living. The only members of the family to come to America were Mr. Christopher Daudt and his younger brother Ferdinand. Both are now associated in business and are the owners of the Daudt Glass and Crockery Company. Ferdinand came to the United States in 1883. Christopher Daudt received his early education in the City of Darmstadt, and completed the literary course in the college or what is known in Germany as gymnasium, where he graduated. A German gymnasium requires much more work of the students than the average American institution of learning. When Mr. Daudt was a scholar there the study hours began at seven o'clock in the morning and lasted the greater part of the day. When he was eighteen years of age he came to the United States. That was in 1869. Neither he nor his brother Ferdinand crossed the ocean in the style of emigrants, but came first class. Landing in New York City, he found employment at different occupations, spending a time in that city and later visiting Buffalo and Chicago, working and learning the ways of American people. From Chicago he came to Toledo in December, 1869. Here he spent two years with the wholesale grocery house of Bell & Emmerson, which after 1873 was Emmerson & Company. After this experience Mr. Daudt returned to Europe, visiting his old home and traveling about and was gone altogether about nine months. In 1872 he came back to the United States and resumed employment with Bell & Emmerson as a traveling salesman. For six years he remained with that old established firm, traveling over Ohio, Indiana and Michigan. In 1878 he engaged in business for himself at Detroit, Michigan. He was identified with the hardware specialty and patents business, and also established offices in Toronto, Canada, and New Orleans, Louisiana. He and other parties were interested in a patent on a stove pipe elbow, and he finally carried that abroad and spent seven months in England and on the continent, selling the patent in those countries. The firm of Daudt & Moeller, as it was known in Detroit, had control of this patent, and manufactured it both at Detroit and in Windsor, Canada. Returning to the United States in December, 1878, Mr. Daudt continued in business at Detroit about a year and a half with Mr. Moeller, and then sold out to his partner. On returning to Toledo after disposing of his interests in Detroit, Mr. Daudt entered the business with which his name has been so closely associated for the past thirty-five years. This is the Daudt Glass and Crockery Company, wholesale earthenware, china and glassware, and it is the only large establishment of its kind in this country. It sells both wholesale and retail. One store is located at 236 Summit Street and extends through to Water Street, where the number is 235. This is in the heart of the business district. It also occupies a large store and warehouse, four floors and basement, extending from 230 to 236 on Water Street and running back to the Maumee River dock. The first location of this business was further down on Summit Street, but the business has been at 236 Summit Street since 1884. Since 1886 his brother Ferdinand has been associated with him in the business. In 1886 Mr. Daudt opened a branch store at Saginaw, Michigan, which he conducted until