HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 675 public problems, while his home constituency had many reasons to be grateful for his representation. He served as chairman of the committee on commercial corporations and was a member of the committees on judiciary, fees and salaries, fish culture and game, medical colleges and societies, municipal affairs, privileges and elections, and temperance. While in the Senate he introduced a bill establishing the authority of the courts over trustees of defunct corporations, and was also author of a .number of other measures. Mr. Keller served two terms in the Ohio Senate from the Thirty-fourth Senatorial District, comprising Lucas County. He was in the Senate during 1909-10-11-12. His first candidacy for the office of mayor of Toledo was in 1911. However, the honor went to Brand Whitlock, now United States Minister to Belgium, by a margin of 2,900 votes. When Mr. Whitlock retired from the mayoralty to accept his appointment as a foreign ambassador, Mr. Keller was again put forward as a candidate by his republican constituents. However, it was perhaps not so much his republican affiliations as his recognized qualifications, which made a strong appeal to the solid business element, and which in November, 1913, gave him a substantial majority for the office. He took up his duties January 1, 1914. Mr. Keller was again candidate for re-election in November, 1915. Election day was on November 2d, and thus closed one of the most exciting municipal contests ever known in Toledo. There were three candidates for the office of mayor—Charles M. Milroy, a former law partner of Brand Whitlock, and supposed to represent the Whitlock ideas and organization in local municipal politics; George A. Murphey; and Mr. Keller. It was an unusually close contest for a triangular campaign. Charles M. Milroy was elected by a .little more than a third of the total number of votes cast. He was elected by less than 500 more votes than were given to Mr. Murphey, while Mr. Keller was only about 1,250 votes short of a plurality. After becoming mayor of Toledo Mr. Keller was made a member of the State Central Republican Committee, and is still one of the influential workers in that organization. He stands high in all social and civic affairs of Toledo. He is a member of the Maumee River Yacht Club; of Sanford Collins Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Concord Lodge, Knights of Pythias; the Loyal Order of Moose ; and belongs to the international organization of the Theatrical Mechanics' Association. This comprises all theatrical people, including actors or any one connected in any way with the theatrical business. In November, 1906, Mr. Keller married Miss Maria Duetscher, a member of one of the old families of Toledo. GEORGE F. PARRISH, since his appointment by President Wilson on March 15, 1915, has been postmaster of Toledo. This is one of the larger postoffices in the country and in 1915 the total receipts passed the $1,000,000.00 mark. Thus Mr. Parrish is at the head of a large business requiring a great organization, and he brought to his duties both a thorough knowledge of administrative detail and a broad experience acquired by other official service and also by a long career as a printer and newspaper man. Since taking office Postmaster Parrish has instituted a number of improvements in the service, and one that has effected a considerable saving of time and increased efficiency was the replacing of the old horse drawn system of transporting the mails between the postoffice and depots and sub-stations with a complete automobile truck equipment. This service was introduced in October, 1915, and it gave Toledo the distinction of being the only city in Ohio where motor trucks were exclusively used for the urban transportation of mails at the time it was installed. Formerly twelve wagons and one auto truck had been used and these were replaced with eight automobile trucks, five of them of 1,500 pounds capacity and three of 2,000 pounds capacity. One of these trucks could make the trip between the postoffice and the depot loaded with mail bags both ways, at a considerable less time than one of the horse drawn wagons could go one way. Mr. Parrish had worked out this system carefully before recommending it to the postoffice department. Mr. Parrish was born August 28, 1863, at Hubbard, Trumbull County, Ohio, and was reared in that locality, where his family were among the earliest settlers. The Parrishes were one of the three oldest families in Trumbull County, and had located in that section of the Western Reserve when it was still a part of the State of Virginia. His grandfather, John Evan Parrish, is said to have been the first white child born in what is now Trumbull County. George F. Parrish and his father, William Parrish, were both born on the same farm. His father died at Toledo, 676 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO January 15, 1911, and would have been eighty years old on the following 4th of March. His mother, whose maiden name was Margaret Satterfield, died February 15, 1915, at the home of her daughter at Palisade, New Jersey, almost opposite the Grant monument. William Parrish was a farmer and stock dealer. Both he and the grandfather were very ardent democrats and William Parrish cast his last vote for that ticket in Lucas County and it happened that it was the first vote cast by him where a democratic congressman was elected. Reared and educated in Trumbull County, George F. Parrish soon learned the printer's trade, and followed printing and the newspaper business for many gears in different localities. At the same time he was identified with democratic politics, and his first important official service was as secretary to Congressman Sherwood from the Ninth Ohio (Toledo) District from March 4, 1907; to March 4, 1911. From the latter date until March 4, 1915, he was clerk of committee on invalid pensions in the House of Representatives. The Toledo Blade recently had an item saying that Mr. Parrish claimed to know more Civil war veterans than any other man in the country, due to the fact that while in Washington he had personal correspondence with fully 90 per cent of the veterans in the United States. Mr. Parrish has not only been active in democratic politics, but is a student of political history in its broader aspect, and his leisure time is devoted to reading along these lines. He has never become affiliated with a secret society, is a member of the Typographical 'Union, which is organized and maintained for the general advancement of men working in the printing industries. He is eligible to membership in the Sons of the American Revolution, and belongs to the Toledo Commerce Club, the Exchange Club and Toledo Automobile Club. His church is the Presbyterian. At Fostoria, Ohio, February 18, 1897, Mr. Parrish married Eva Alice Lowe, daughter of John and Marinda Lowe. Her father was a private in the war between the states, and her mother's family were the Ewings and Pedens, both of whom contributed soldiers to the Revolutionary struggle. Mrs. Parrish has been active in relief work and patriotic societies, and is a member of the Woman's Educational Club and is also eligible to the Daughters of the American Revolution. Mr. and Mrs. Parrish have one son, William Brownlow Parrish, who was born in Toledo. WILLIAM H. TUCKER. The service by which William H. Tucker will be longest remembered in Toledo was his sixteen years constructive incumbency of the office of postmaster. The postal service of Toledo in its present form is almost a monument to William H. Tucker. It was during his administration that the splendid Toledo postoffice building was constructed, and nearly all the important reforms and changes made in the postal system. The Toledo postoffice is a big business in itself, and William H. Tucker proved himself a very capable administrator of the office and all of its details. However, by profession Mr. Tucker is a lawyer, and since leaving the postoffice has again resumed the work of his profession. He comes of an old Northern Ohio family and was born in Laporte in Lorain County; October 6, 1849. His parents were Dr. John A. and Elizabeth (Brush) Tucker. On both sides the ancestry goes back to colonial times, and many of the family are found on the rolls of Revolutionary soldiers. The same is true of the members of the Brush family, as some of Mr. Tucker's maternal ancestors were valiant fighters for the cause of the Revolution and also in the early Indian and Colonial wars and in the War of 1812. Mr. Tucker 's paternal grandfather emigrated to the new ,State of Ohio in 1817, nearly a century ago, and in 1832 established his family home in Lorain County, and prior to that lived in Portage County. William H. Tucker worked on a farm during the summer months, attended the common schools of Huron County, afterwards the Normal School at Milan. He was at Cornell University one year, and then rounded out his education by a four years' course in Baldwin University. and in German Wallace College at Berea, Ohio. Mr. Tucker has been a resident of Toledo since 1874, at which time he took up the study of law in the office of Haynes & Potter. He was admitted to the Ohio State bar in 1876, and soon afterwards engaged in practice. For ten years he was associated in partnership with J. T. Greer, and together they acquired a very handsome patronage. On the dissolution of this partnership Mr. Tucker continued practice alone, making a specialty of real estate, law and probate business. He acquired a large business in these lines, and he gave HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 677 up practice to a large extent when he assumed duties as postmaster of Toledo. Politically Mr. Tucker has been an unswerving supporter of the republican. party for a great many years. He gave some valuable service to the party when it was most needed and has been chairman of different campaign committees a great many times, principally the Congressional, Common Pleas, Judicial, County, Executive and City committees, and has been a delegate in county, district, state and national conventions. Mr. Tucker has played the game of politics on the basis of a disinterested desire for the welfare of the organization and of the country in general. He has had no petty plans to forward or selfish purposes to. carry out. He served very capably as a member of the Board of Education at Toledo from 1894 to 1898. The position of postmaster was given him by the late President William McKinley in recognition of his services to the party. His first appointment was dated December 20, 1898, and he continued to serve in that position for four successive terms until March 15, 1915. The new postoffice of Toledo, covering an entire block, was built during his term and it is a splendid building not only in general architectural lines but in the features by which it is especially adapted to its essential purposes and the local requirements. Since retiring from the postoffice Mr. Tucker has taken up the private practice of law with offices at 310 Main Street, Toledo. On April 10, 1884, he married Miss Harriet VanGorder, daughter of George W. VanGorder, formerly of Warren, Ohio. To their marriage were born six children, two daughters and four sons : Helen, Clara May; John Poag, George Ewing, William H. Jr., and Robert Brush. They were all born in Toledo and all are graduates of the Toledo High School excepting Robert, who is a member of the class of 1917, Helen having graduated with the class of 1903, Clara May in 1907 and John Poag in 1908. John Poag entered Oberlin College, from which he was graduated, and later entered the Western Reserve Medical College, where he received the degree of M. D., passing the highest in the examinations by the State of Ohio. George Ewing graduated from Oberlin College with the class of 1915, and is now engaged in the real estate and insurance business in Toledo. William H. Jr. is reading law in the office of his father and is a sophomore in the Toledo University. The family reside at 516 Arden Place. Vol. II-2 Mr. Tucker takes a prominent part in fraternal affairs, is a Knight Templar Mason, and is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. He belongs to the East Side Commercial Club, is president of the Peoples State Savings Bank of Toledo, president of the East Side Improvement Association and also president of the board of directors of Toledo University. He is a member of the trustees of Euclid Avenue Methodist Church. These relations indicate the variety and extent of his interest in good citizenship, and he is one of the men who are doing most to extend the influence of Toledo as a city and as a center of intellectual, social as well as commercial progress. HON. ULYSSES GRANT DENMAN. While Mr. Denman has been known as one of Toledo's foremost lawyers for more than twenty years, he has a state wide reputation over Ohio through his capable service a few years ago as attorney-general, and more recently as United States district attorney for the Northern Ohio District. He is one of the leading republicans of the state, a man of independent prestige, and in recent months his qualifications and availability have been freely discussed in connection with the nomination for the governorship. Born at Wiltshire, Van Wert County, Ohio, November 24, 1866, he is a son of John and Eliza Jane (Dailey) Denman and belongs to an old Northwest Ohio family. He graduated from the Wiltshire High School in 1885, and then continued his studies in the National Normal University of Lebanon in 1887 and graduated from the Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso in 1889. For several years he was a teacher, but finally entered the law department of the University of Michigan, where he was graduated LL. B. in 1894. Well qualified by education and early training, he was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1894, and has since been in practice at Toledo so far as his official duties would permit. For the past fifteen years he has been almost continuously identified with some public office. He served as assistant city solicitor during 1900-02, and in 1902-04 was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives. He filled the office of city solicitor of Toledo from 1903 to 1906. In 1908 he was elected attorney general of Ohio, and filled that important office until 1911. On May 13, 1911, he was appointed United States Attorney for the Northern District of Ohio, and retired from 678 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO that office only recently in the early months of the present Wilson administration. Mr. Denman is a republican, a Methodist, a member of the Ohio Bar and American Bar associations, belongs to the Toledo Chamber of Commerce and is widely known over Ohio as a lawyer and as a public leader. His offices in Toledo are in the Nicholas Building. On December 26, 1890, he married Frances May Neptune of Adams County, Indiana. They are the parents of one child, Agnes Neptune, born June 20, 1903, a very bright little miss who has met many of Ohio's statesmen. CHARLES H. GRAVES. By his recent service of four years in the office of secretary of state, the name of Mr. Graves has become thoroughly familiar in public affairs all over Ohio. He has for a number of years held rank among the ablest lawyers of Northwest Ohio. He was elected secretary of state while a resident of Oak Harbor and since retiring from the office has been in practice at Toledo. He is a native son of Northwest Ohio, has spent all his active career here, and his position in public affairs indicated by his former office in the state government has been accompanied by equal prominence in the law and in business circles. He was born in Clay Township of Ottawa County, Ohio, June 24, 1872, a son of John Henry and Mary (Joseph) Graves. His father was a blacksmith by trade and spent all his active career in that business, being an honest, hard working, thrifty citizen. Both parents were natives of Germany, and the mother came to the United States with her parents, while the father came across when a man an in 1849. They were married in Fremont, Ohio. Mary (Joseph) Graves died at Oak Harbor July 22, 1905. The father is still living, a retired resident of Oak Harbor. Of the nine children in the family, three boys and four girls reached maturity and are still living. The oldest and youngest of the family died in early childhood. Next to the youngest in age, Charles H. Graves acquired his early education in the public schools of Oak Harbor and was graduted from the high school with the class of 1889. This was followed by two years of teaching in Ottawa County. He entered the University of Michigan in the law department, and remained until completing his course and gaining his degree LL. B. in 1893. Admitted to the Ohio bar June 15, 1893, he soon after began his practice in Oak Harbor and since then has been admitted to practice before the various Federal courts. Mr. Graves had his office and home in Oak Harbor until he removed to Columbus in January, 1911, to begin his first term as secretary of state. He remained in the capital city engaged in his official duties until January, 1915. It was in the fall election of 1910 that Mr: Graves was first chosen secretary of state and he was again given a similar honor in the election of 1912. As a lawyer he practiced as an individual until his removal to Toledo from Columbus, and in January, 1915, he formed a partnership with Hon. Scott Stahl of Port Clinton, former judge of the Common Pleas Court. The firm of Graves & Stahl have offices in the Nicholas Building at Toledo, and they enjoy a prominent position in the Toledo bar. In politics Mr. Graves is a democrat and was interested in party affairs for several years before reaching his majority. He served as prosecuting attorney of Ottawa County for two terms from 1901 to 1907. In 1903 he was one of the chief organizers of the First National Bank of Oak Harbor, and was its president until he went to Columbus to take up his duties as secretary of state. He has been interested in various lines of business, in manufacturing enterprises and the gas company at Oak Harbor, but he sold all his stock in those Concerns before coming to Toledo. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic Order including Oak Harbor Lodge Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Oak Harbor Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Toledo Commandery No. 7, Knights Templar, Toledo Consistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, and Zenobia Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, with the Knights of Pythias of Oak Harbor, is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Automobile Club. He and his wife are members of the First Congregational Church of Toledo. At Oak Harbor on September 2, 1896, Mr. Graves married Miss Emma B. Mylander. She was born and reared and educated in Oak Harbor, having graduated from the Oak Harbor High School with the class of 1890. Her parents were H. H. and Sarah (Troutman) Mylander, of an old and prominent family of Oak Harbor. H. H. Mylander was for many years engaged in the stave and heading business, and in general merchandising at Oak Harbor, was an active republican and served as county treasurer, and died at Oak Harbor August 22, 1903. Mrs. Graves' mother is still HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 679 living in that town. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Graves were born two children : Barton H., born at Oak Harbor July 13, 1897 ; Scott, born at Oak Harbor December 22, 1901. CHARLES L. REYNOLDS, president of the Toledo Savings Bank and Trust Company, the oldest savings bank in Toledo, has been identified with Toledo business affairs since 1869 and is a member of that prominent Reynolds family which in so many important ways has furnished capital and enterprise to the commercial upbuilding of Toledo. He was born in Jackson, Michigan, March 29, 1851. His parents were Wiley R. and Mary (Terry) Reynolds. Wiley R. Reynolds was also an interested factor in Toledo business affairs, though he kept his home at Jackson, Michigan. He was in the milling business at Jackson and also a dry goods merchant for many years under the firm name of W. R. and S. C. Reynolds, his partner being his brother, the Toledo banker. W. R. Reynolds died in Jackson in October, 1900. His first wife, Miss Mary Terry, died when Charles L. Reynolds was about twelve years of age. Charles L. Reynolds gained his higher education at Racine College in Wisconsin and at Eastman's Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York. Coming to Toledo, April 1, 1869, he became identified with the grain and milling business conducted by the firm of Reynolds Brothers, composed of his father and his uncle. Beginning as a clerk, he afterwards succeeded to his father's place in the business and was made a partner in the firm about 1875. The business was always carried on under the old firm name of Reynolds Brothers until it went out of existence in 1908. In the meantime Mr. Reynolds had become an active figure in Toledo banking circles, and since leaving the grain business has given nearly all his time to the Toledo Savings Bank and Trust Company, of which he is president and active head. For many years he has been identified with the Second National Bank of Toledo, and is one of its largest stock holders. He was a director in the old Merchants National Bank, which was merged with the Second National Bank, and Mr. Reynolds is now a director in that institution, the largest bank in Northwest Ohio. The first bank stock Mr. Reynolds ever owned was in the Toledo Savings Bank and Trust Company, which was established in 1868, and he has had some official Connection with this bank since 1886. He is also a director of the Toledo Scale Company, president of the Merrill Manufacturing Company, and his name is associated with a number of other local industries, both in Toledo and elsewhere. He is a member of the Toledo Club,. the Toledo Country Club, the Toledo Yacht Club, the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Automobile Club, of the Ohio Society of New York and of St. Mark's Episcopal Church of Toledo. On June 6, 1878, he married Miss Anne Groff. Mrs. Reynolds died at their home on Collingwood Avenue, December 4, 1906, after a happy home life of more than twenty-eight years. Some weeks before her death she had returned with her husband from a two months' trip abroad. Mrs. Reynolds, who was forty-eight years of age at the time of her death, had come to Toledo with her parents Mr. and Mrs. S. Groff from Sandusky. After her marriage she took a prominent place in the social circles of Toledo and was for many years a member of Trinity Episcopal Church. She is survived by three children : Lawrence G., Donald L., and Mrs. Robert L. Harris, all of whom were born in Toledo. The sons were educated in St. Paul's School at Concord, New Hampshire, and in Yale University, and Lawrence is now connected with the Bostwick-Braun Company, wholesale and retail hardware merchants at Toledo, while Donald is a bookkeeper in the Toledo Savings Bank and Trust Company. Mrs. Robert L. Harris, the daughter, attended the Miss Peebles School of New York City, and is now the wife of Reverend Robert L. Harris, rector of St. Mark's Episcopal Church of Toledo. They have one child, Rosalind, and by a former marriage Mrs. Harris became the mother of Charles R. Macomber. ELMER H. CLOSE. This is a name that few citizens in Toledo and over the country of Northwest Ohio would fail to recognize. Mr. Close has been one of the very energetic figures in Toledo real estate circles for a number of years, and is now at the head of the E. H. Close Realty Company, whose large suite of offices are on the ground floor of the building at 513-515 Madison Avenue in Toledo. A native of Ohio, a man of liberal education and thorough business ability, he has been a factor in Toledo affairs since 1897. Elmer H. Close was born at Bellevue, Huron County, Ohio, December 9, 1875, a son of 680 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Joseph W. and Gertrude (Hannum) Close. His father was born in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and his mother at Bellevue, Ohio, where they are still living. For many years Joseph W. Close was in the grain business, but is now retired. Elmer is the oldest in a family of three children. His brother Charles D. is now deceased, and his sister is Mrs. A. P. Harsch of Toledo. All the children were born, reared and educated at Bellevue, where they graduated from high school, and Elmer afterwards attended the University of Michigan. His sister Mrs. Harsch is a graduate of the University of Michigan and also from Wellesley College in Massachusetts. On leaving college Mr. Close gained his first business experience as an insurance man in Duluth, Minnesota. In 1897 he came to Toledo and became a partner of George E. Pomeroy, and the two were closely associated in the real estate business for twelve years. Mr. Close was secretary and treasurer of the George E. Pomeroy Company. On January 1, 1909, he organized The E. H. Close Realty Company, of which he is now president and treasurer. In the course of five or six years this has become one of the largest realty companies that have their headquarters in Toledo, and in many respects is to be considered first of all. The firm opened its offices on Madison Avenue, on the ground floor of the Spitzer Building. The first working force comprised a dozen persons, and all the departments found in a general •real estate business were installed. The growth was steady until in the spring of 1914 the company found its offices, too cramped, and they then leased the six-story building directly across the street. The first floor and basement of this building were remodeled and are now the offices of the company, with club room, reading room and rest room for employes in the basement, together with a barber shop and physical culture studio. The upper five floors of the building have been remodeled for offices, most of which were leased before the work on them was completed. It is now an unusually complete organization represented by the Close Company. There are the following departments : Sales, rentals and leases, insurance, loan, building, architectural, subdivision, advertising and accounting. There is every facility for the service to patrons in every detail incidental to the general real estate business. The company has already platted and developed more than a thousand acres of residence property and has under development at present nearly 2,000 acres more. It has an office force of fifty people, a building force of 100 and a subdivision field force of nearly 150. It can be confidently said that no firm in the Middle West. has been more active in promoting home ownership. From the first the Close Company has sold the modern improved home sites which it has platted for a small payment down and easy monthly installments. In addition, it has constructed hundreds of homes for its clients on an easy payment basis that allowed even families of small income to live upon their own property. The company has also adopted a policy that has been especially effective in the upbuilding of the City of Toledo in its downtown property. By an expert application of its knowledge of conditions, the Close Company has been able to stimulate the expansion in the business district, both by building new structures and altering or remodeling old ones. It is responsible for many of the more notable increases in the earning capacity of downtown buildings and this has been one of the astonishing features of Toledo's development during the past five years. The Close Company have membership in the Toledo Real Estate Board and in the National Association of Real Estate exchanges. It is an active supporter of the city planning movement throughout the country, and has also lent its aid to the campaign for the maintenance of ethical standards in real estate transactions. As a real estate man Mr. Close is regarded as an expert authority on local property values. Politically he is a republican, and is active in his club life. He is a member of the Country Club, the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Club, and the Toledo Yacht Club. He is a director in The Northern National Bank. In October, 1898, he married Miss Nell Kempf, a daughter of Hon. Reuben Kempf, president of the Farmers and Mechanics Bank at Ann Arbor, Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Close were married at Ann Arbor. Their two children, Susanne Gertrude and Joseph K. were both born in Toledo. Mrs. Close is an active member of the Trinity Episcopal Church in Toledo. HAROLD SHELDON REYNOLDS, banker and prominent business man of Toledo, has done much in his comparatively brief career to uphold the prestige of a family name that has been closely identified with the business HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 681 and commercial stability of Toledo in all its growth from a small town to a great city. He is now one of the vice presidents of the First National Bank of Toledo, of which his father, Frederick J. Reynolds, is president. He is a grandson of the late S. C. Reynolds, and the careers and activities of the older generations of the family in Toledo are described more in detail on other pages. Mr. Reynolds' mother was Ida Stone Reynolds of New York, now deceased. Born in Toledo February 1, 1885, Harold S. Reynolds started business life with the fortunate environment furnished by a home of wealth and high ideals and with a liberal education. He attended the Toledo grammar and high schools, St. Paul 's School for Boys at Garden City, Long Island, and was a student both in the literary and law departments of the University of Michigan. His first business experience was with the old firm of Reynolds Brothers, grain merchants, and he was connected with that business from 1905 until the firm wound up its affairs in 1909. In 1909 he entered the First National Bank, and in 1912 was made a director to take the place of his grandfather, the late S. C. Reynolds. In 1915 he was promoted to vice president. The First National Bank of Toledo has been one of the stable institutions of Northwestern Ohio for more than half a century, having been established in the year that the national banking act was passed, 1863. It is a bank of almost unlimited resources, and with a reputation of stability and efficient service. It has a capital of half a million dollars, a surplus of $1,000,000 and undivided profits of a quarter of a million dollars. The total resources are approximately $12,000,000. Besides his post in the First National Bank, Mr. Reynolds is also identified with manufacturing, real estate and other business affairs of Toledo. He is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Club, the Country Club, the Inverness Club, the Toledo Automobile Club, the Bankers Club of New York, and belongs to the Psi Upsilon fraternity of Ann Arbor, Michigan. He is fond of outdoor life, and particularly of golf and tennis. He and his family worship in Trinity Episcopal Church. His marriage at the First Congregational Church in Toledo February 3, 1909, to Miss Rachel Reed Ketcham, was one of the notable social events of the year, not only for the unusual splendor of the ceremony, but also because of the social prominence of both parties. The Ketcham family is one of the old and wealthy families of Toledo, and Mrs. Reynolds' grandfather was the late V. H. Ketcham, prominent as a banker and merchant. There are three children : Mary Virginia Reynolds, Rachel Ketcham Reynolds II, and Harold Sheldon Reynolds, Jr. JOSEPH K. SECOR. Comparatively few citizens of Toledo know that the First National Bank, with its splendid resources, its facilities for service, and its successful record for more than half a century, rests securely upon a foundation laid in the years before the National Banking Act was passed, a foundation of personal integrity, financial ability and experience supplied by the well known firm of private bankers, Ketcham & Secor. Thus while the First National Bank stands as a monument to the business power of Toledo, it is also a monument to its founders, one of whom was the late Joseph K. Secor, who became one of the organizers of the First National Bank and remained closely in touch with its affairs for nearly thirty years. The late Joseph K. Secor, who died at his Toledo home April 16, 1892, when about seventy years of age, was one of the leaders for fully half a century in financial and business circles in Northwestern Ohio. His was a gifted personality, rich with the resources of life as in those of material wealth. Much that was good and uplifting in the social and civic activities of Toledo was enriched by the presence of Mr. Secor. He was one of Toledo's finest citizens in that period which he vitalized and adorned. One of a family of twelve children he was born in the Town of Goshen, Orange County, New York, September 16, 1822, a son of Benjamin and Sarah (Ketcham) Secor. When still quite young before reaching his majority he came to Toledo in 1840, and entered the employ of the late Valentine H. Ketcham in the grocery business. Being young and active, willing to work and quick to learn, conscientious in the discharge of his duties and always strictly honest and reliable, he made progress consistent with 'those fundamental qualities. In a few years he was a partner, and thus was established the firm name of Ketcham & Secor, an association which continued until 1850. In that year Peter F. Berdan succeeded Mr. Ketcham, at which time the name Secor, Berdan & Company was adopted with the individual members Joseph K. Secor, Peter F. Berdan and George Secor. 682 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO While the original firm was a mercantile house of standing not only in Toledo but throughout the Maumee Valley, it also became known as a private banking house and as such came into close touch with the financial affairs of Northwestern Ohio. In a time when loose methods of banking were only too common, this institution stood upon the firm rock of credit and conservative management. With the passage of the National Banking Act in 1863 the private bank was the nucleus of the First National Bank, in which Mr. Secor, after the organization was complete, became vice president and director. He continued one of the active officials of the institution until January 1, 1890, when he retired, having spent fully half a century in the business life of Toledo. After his retirement he looked after his private affairs and his usefulness did not close until death called him. Besides his mercantile and banking interests he was at one time connected with the Second National Bank. In 1873 he was a member of the city council and was also one of the advisory board of the Toledo Industrial School and in many ways turned the resources of his character and his business to the benefit of his community. While he will perhaps be longest remembered as one of the early bulwarks of Toledo finance, he exemplified many of the finest qualities of personal character, and his judgment and opinion were often sought and never in vain. In the lobby of the Hotel Secor at Toledo hangs a fine oil painting of Joseph K. Secor and also of his brother the late James Secor, to whom extended reference is made on other pages. These paintings are the work of the noted artist William Funke, and they were hung by Henry Reinhart, the art expert, who came from New York to personally superintend the work. These fine pictures are frequently pointed out as portraits of two of Toledo's representative and best known pioneer business men. The painting of Joseph K. Secor was presented by Mrs. Secor and her son Arthur Secor, while the painting of James Secor was given by his widow and her son Jay K. Secor. While much was accomplished and much remains significant of the work and influence of the late Joseph K. Secor in Toledo, his life would have fallen short of its highest fruition had it not been nobly supplemented and enriched by the companionship and character of his devoted wife, Mrs. Elizabeth T. Secor, who survived him nearly twenty years. Elizabeth T. Ketcham was born near Newberg in Orange County, New York, September 7, 1819, and died at her home in Toledo May 28, 1911, in her ninety-second year. She first visited Toledo in 1844, and again in 1846, and in 1850 she and Mr. Secor, who had come from the same section of New York, were married. After their marriage in New York City they came West to Toledo and then followed years of happy home making, of quiet, unselfish devotion on her part, and to their union were born two children. Their daughter died in early youth. The son Arthur J. Secor is still living. Mrs. Secor was a birthright member of the Society of Friends. Her long and useful life cannot be described by incident but only as to its results and the steady influence that radiated from her character. Perhaps the best characterization is found in the words of the funeral address by Rev. George Connell. There follows a portion of that address : " The Wise Man has said in the Book of Proverbs : 'A woman that feareth the Lord, she shall be praised. Give her of the fruit of her hands, and let her own works praise her in the gates.' Such a woman was the late Mrs. Joseph K. Secor, a God-fearing, home-loving, large-hearted, sympathetic wife, sister, mother, friend ; whose whole life was one continual round of blessed helpfulness ; whose presence, even on entering a room, as the members of her family and those who knew her best can testify, was like a benediction. " There was no organization of Friends in Toledo when she came to the city as a bride, but from the beginning of their married life Mr. and Mrs. Secor were accustomed to gather their family and those members of the society who lived here in the parlor of their old home on lower Summit Street, on each First Day, as it is called by the Friends, for an hour of that quiet worship which is characteristic of the sect. * * * Sometimes for the sake of the children present, a chapter of the Bible or perhaps the printed sermon of some noted Friends preacher would be read. "But being a Friend was more than a religious profession of faith to Mrs. Secor. It was the inner essence of her life. While she did not wear the plain dress among us, in her thoughts, words and actions she exemplified the true spirit of the Friends. Nothing pleased her so much as to hear anyone justly praised. She had a perfect genius for finding out the pest in people and bringing it out into HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 683 the light. Nothing gave her more pain than harsh, unjust, cruel criticism ; and indeed, in many an instance, in her gentle, firm way, she insisted that kindly justice and charity should prevail ; and thus prevented many a misunderstanding, which might have separated lifelong friends. 'Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the children of God '—surely this promise belongs to her. "Again, Mrs. Secor found outward expression for her inward life in works of mercy and love. She was among the pioneer charity workers of this city. A true lover of her kind, the orphan and the friendless were always dear to her heart. For years she stood easily at the head and front of all kinds of philanthropic work, and was from its earliest inception a charter member of the board of the Orphans' Home. There is no question but that she had much to do with its present substantial prosperity. "Sweet, quiet, modest, retiring, unassuming, she passed through life, shedding rays of sunshine and blessing into every heart she touched. The inspiration of her memory will always be with her loved ones and life will always be richer to the many who have known and loved her for the fragrance of her memory. It is not we, it is her own works which praise her. It is her thoughtfulness for others, her self-forgetful, self-sacrificing actions and deeds, which stand and praise her at that gate which separates this earthly day from the abode of the spirits of just men made perfect." ARTHUR J. SECOR. Only son of the late Joseph K. and Elizabeth T. (Ketcham) Secor, whose careers sketched on other pages were so important in the formative period of Toledo's modern development, Arthur J. Secor has for the past forty years been closely identified with many of the city's important enterprises and institutions, and throughout it has been his aim and purpose to uphold the high standard set by his father as a financier and merchant and to perpetuate the gentle and beneficent influence of his mother in the philanthropic side of Toledo's life. Born in Toledo September 10, 1857, he received a public school education, graduating from high school with the class of 1875, and after a year of attendance at Swarthmore College he returned to Toledo and found employment with the wholesale grocery house of Secor, Berdan & Company. January 1, 1880, he was taken into partnership, becom ing associated with the late James Secor, John Berdan and Norman Waite. In 1888 the old name Secor, Berdan & Company was abandoned and a reorganization of the business occurred, since which time the firm of Berdan & Company has continued the wholesale grocery trade which is now one of the largest wholesale houses of Toledo. At that time Mr. Secor retired from the business, and has since given his principal time to the management of his extensive real estate interests. Mr. Secor was actively identified with the organization and founding of the Home Savings Bank in 1892, and is still one of the heavy stockholders in this institution, which has resources aggregating upwards of four million dollars, with capital and surplus of half a million. It is one of the largest savings banks in the Middle West. For many years from its beginning Mr. Secor was an active director of the bank, but a few years ago he resigned that position on account of not being able to attend the meetings of the directors regularly, since he is away from the city much of the time. He has some admirable ideas as to the responsibilities of a bank directorship and his resignation was due to the fact that he could not conscientiously remain in such an office unless he was able to keep in close touch with the affairs of the bank by constant attendance at the directors' meetings. He is also a stockholder in the Northern National Bank. Mr. Secor has an office in the Nasby Building. He is a member of the Toledo Club, the Country Club, the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Automobile Club, and was one of the organizers and has been a liberal contributor to the Toledo Museum of Art. He has also given liberally to other public movements including the Young Men's Christian Association. Though not a member he maintains a pew at Trinity Episcopal Church. On January 15, 1888, Mr. Secor married Miss N. Grace Walbridge, daughter of the late Horace S. Walbridge, whose career as one of Toledo's foremost citizens is the subject of an individual article on other pages. Mrs. Secor was born in Toledo and educated in the public schools and also was a student at Vassar College. Mr. Secor has had a great many interests in his life and has exhibited a vigorous participation in everything he undertakes. He finds his recreation in various forms of outdoor life, particularly camping and hunting. 684 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO JAMES SECOR. For fully three quarters of a century the name Secor has been closely identified with Toledo's best ideals and efforts in business, finance, civic, social and philanthropic affairs. One of the men who brought distinction to the name was the late James Secor, who for many years gave his services to the upbuilding of one of the institutions that are still effective and prominent in the wholesale district of the city, and who was also notable as a banker and general business man. The period of his life extended from the date of his birth December 11, 1834, in the Town of Goshen, Orange County, New York, until his death in Toledo November 9, 1901. His parents were Benjamin and Sarah (Ketcham) Secor. The ancestry was originally French, and some of them were Huguenots who at the time of the persecution of that sect emigrated and located near New Rochelle, New York. The Ketcham family is of old New England stock. Benjamin Secor was a farmer by occupation and in 1844 took his family from the highlands of the Hudson River in New York State to Southern Michigan, locating in Lenawee County. James Secor was a boy of ten .years when he came West with the family to Lenawee County, Michigan, and his early life was spent in the invigorating atmosphere of a farm. His education was limited to such advantages as could be supplied by pioneer schools. He lived with his father until the age of twenty and then in 1854 went to Toledo to seek his fortune, and those opportunities for broad service which he so well utilized in subsequent years. His older brother Joseph K. Secor had a number of years previously established himself in Toledo and was already successful in business as a member of the firm of Secor, Berdan & Company, wholesale grocers. The house of Secor, Berdan & Company was originally established in 1836 by the late Valentine H. Ketcham. In 1854 he retired from active business, his interests being acquired by Mr. Berdan and the new firm taking the title of Secor, Berdan & Company, George Secor, a former employe, being admitted as a partner. In 1856 George Secor retired, and Joseph K. Secor and Mr. Berdan continued the business under the old firm name. It was with this house in 1854 that James Secor began work as a clerk. Coming to the city from the country with a vigorous physique and with an ambition to make some thing of himself, James Secor rapidly adapte himself to the new employment, showed goo business instinct, and his services were soo appreciated. In 1858 he was admitted t partnership in the firm, and became its gen eral manager. Two other men were also ad mitted as partners at the same time, Maro Wheeler and John B. Ketcham, both of whom had been former salesmen with the old firm. It was in the responsible position as manager that James Secor attained prominence in commercial circles in Toledo and he continued to direct the growing and important interests of Secor, Berdan & Company for a period of thirty years, finally retiring in 1888. In that time the firm had become one of the largest wholesale grocery houses in the Middle West, and it is still continued a flourishing institution of the Toledo wholesale center under the name Berdan & Company. When he gave up the wholesale grocery business in 1888 James Secor turned his attention to banking. He assisted in organizing the Union Savings Bank and the Union Safe Deposit & Trust Company, accepting the presidency of both institutions. He was also one of the incorporators of the Merchants & Clerks Savings Bank, and his name was associated with that bank for several years. He was the first man to offer his signature to the charter of the Security Trust Company, was made chairman of its trust committee, but requested that his son Jay K. Secor be elected director in his stead. The power which James Secor exerted in Toledo commercial and financial life can only be suggested by his varied relations with different institutions, and it is known that he was recognized as one of the ablest among his contemporaries. He helped incorporate and was connected with the Woolson Spice Company, one of the largest manufacturing concerns of its kind in the entire country, and was president of that company at the time of his death. He was an incorporator and a director of the Maumee Rolling Mills Company, which subsequently was purchased by the Republic Iron and Steel Company. To many other Toledo industries and organizations he supplied the resources of his long experience, judgment and material capital. Besides being president of the Union Savings Bank, the Union Safe Deposit & Trust Company and the Woolson Spice Company, he was vice president and a director of the Northern National Bank. It was as a business man that he rendered his best service to the public, and never as the HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 685 holder of a public office. Several times he was offered nominations that were tantamount to election, but declined being more than a silent worker in the ranks of the republican party. His friends and associates felt for him a peculiar esteem not only, for his abilities but for his many congenial and wholesome qualities of mind and character. He was a member of the Toledo Club, the Country Club and the Middle Bass Club, and in the First Congregational Church he was an active worker and for a number of years a member of the advisory board. While it is known that he gave his title to the cause of charity, both organized and individual, there is no specific record of his giving, since actuated by the true Christian spirit he kept his deeds of kindness and comfort from public observation and comment. In January, 1867, James Secor married Miss Charlotte A. Steele. Her father was the Hon. Dennison Steele of Toledo. Mrs. Secor survives her husband and resides at the Secor residence 2035 Collingwood Avenue. She became the mother of four children, but the only one now living is Jay K. Secor, reference to whom is made in other paragraphs. CAPT. JOHN CRAIG. Toledo's greatness as a center for the ship building and general marine activities around the Great Lakes has had no more influential and constructive factor than Capt. John Craig, a man who now past the age of three-quarters of a century is still in touch with the great volume of commercial interests which have at different times received the benefit of his energy and means, though for the most part he resides quietly in his Toledo home. However, he usually spends part of each business day in his office in the Nicholas Building. It is given to comparatively few men to do so much practical work in the world as fell to the lot of Captain Craig. His is one of the most honored names in Toledo, and he has been a factor in commercial affairs of such magnitude that the name is recognized in many circles from coast to coast. The home of his parents when he was born was in New York City. He was frequently informed by his father that his birth occurred on a bitter cold winter's night, December 24-25, 1838. He came into the world, said his father, at the stroke of midnight dividing Christmas eve from Christmas day. Hence, as Captain Craig humorously' remarks, he has never been able to say positively whether he was born on December 24th or 25th. He comes of a line of sturdy Scotchmen. His parents were George and Catherine L. (Campbell) Craig, both natives of the land of hills and heather. George Craig was born in Scotland in 1809, the same year that Abraham Lincoln was born on this side of the water, and many other afterwards noted men both of the British Empire and of America. George Craig was not a man to boast of his own importance, but at times he was heard to say that he was great by association, since he was born in the same year as so many remarkable men. Both parents came to the United States when about eighteen years of age and were married after they arrived in New York City. They spent their lives in that state, and the father died when about eighty-seven and the mother when about fifty. George Craig was a ship sawyer in early days, but finally drifted into the lumber and coal business in New York. In his day he was no inconsiderable power in politics, and exercised an especially strong influence over his fellow Scotchmen, though for himself he never sought any official honor. Captain Craig was the only son and the oldest of three children, his two sisters having been Mrs. James Gorley, who now lives at Detroit, and Mrs. A. R. Linn, who also lived in Detroit and died about 1885. Captain Craig attended public school in New York City and also the College of the City of New York.' Before the war he had mastered an apprenticeship in ship construction, and during the war he had charge of the fitting out of schooners and steamers which were remodeled from merchant vessels into gunboats. In this way twenty-three gunboats were constructed under his supervision during the war. He helped to construct the gunboat Winona, and sixty-three days from the time the contract was signed the boat was delivered to the Government. He also fitted out a number of motor boats for the Porter expedition at Beauford, North Carolina. His relations with the Government in this work continued until early in 1864. In 1866 Captain Craig came west and located at Gibralter, Michigan. There he became a member of the firm of Linn & Craig, ship builders. They were among the pioneers in the building of the great fleet of merchant vessels which during the last half century has covered the Great Lakes. In 1882 they moved to Trenton, Michigan, and there the business was continued under the firm name of John 686 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO Craig and later as John Craig & Son. The chief difficulty in carrying on such an industry in a small town was the inability to get a constant and reliable supply of labor. This was the prime reason which caused Captain Craig to move the business to Toledo in 1889, where he organized the Craig Shipbuilding Company, of which he was president. Captain Craig relates that while he was building boats in Michigan he was one time fined $43,000 by a federal judge for importing foreign labor into the United States from Canada. However, it was not a conscious case of law breaking. He had some knowledge of the labor laws, but interpreted them as applying only to skilled workmen, and did not know that he was offending the statutes by bringing in common laborers. After considerable litigation, and with the assistance of some of the best law talent in Michigan, Captain Craig escaped the fine by paying the costs, and out of that litigation were formulated a new set of laws to govern the introduction of foreign labor. Captain Craig continued to serve as president of the Craig Shipbuilding Company at Toledo until 1906. In that year the business was sold to the Toledo Shipbuilding Company. In 1907 another Craig Shipbuilding Company was incorporated, under the laws of the State of Maine, and its plant and business headquarters are located at Long Beach, California. Captain Craig became president of the new corporation, while his son, John F., became vice president and general manager. During the fall of 1913 this industry was sold to the California Steamship Building Company, also a Maine corporation. Before it was sold the company had built about ten ocean going boats on the Pacific coast. The wide scope of Captain Craig's business relations, both in the past and at the present time, are indicated by the following: He is president of the Toledo Steamship Company ; president of the Adams Transportation Company ; president of the Monroe Transportation Company, which operates a fleet of freight boats upon the Great Lakes; a director of the First National Bank of Toledo; vice president of the Toledo Metal Wheel Company ; and has stock in a great many corporations. Before the Craig Shipbuilding Company was sold to the Toledo Shipbuilding Company it had the credit of having constructed 107 vessels. Captain Craig has been not only a successful business man but an energetic factor in every institution which his life has touched. He is known as one of Toledo's builders. He is a member and trustee of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, is trustee of the Flower Hospital of Toledo, and was president of the United Dry Campaign of Lucas County, which met defeat in the recent election. In politics he is a republican, and has always been more or less active in party affairs. Other memberships which he holds are with the Toledo Club, the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Yacht Club and with the Society of Naval Architects and Engineers at New York. In his earlier years Captain Craig was one of the most skillful commodores of sailing yachts on the Great Lakes, and that was his principal sport and diversion. He has sailed over practically the entire stretch of these inland waters, and has associated with and has been on terms of intimacy with all the great master shipbuilders and ship owners in the Middle West. Due to his high position in the shipbuilding world and •his long experience as a business man Captain Craig's wisdom of counsel is always highly appreciated in Toledo. He by no means lives in the past, and now as always his mind has explored the possibilities of the future and makes plans to anticipate new developments. An instance of this is found in an address which he delivered before the Toledo Real Estate Board in March, 1916. Captain Craig called attention to the enormous destruction of property in the present great war, to the fact that the United States supplies only about 40 per cent of the world's consumption of metals and that the years after the war it will be impossible to supply the tremendous demand for iron, steel and many other products. He then asked the pertinent question where Toledo would appear on the world's industrial map, and counseled Toledo business men to lay plans for more furnaces and rolling mills in order that Toledo might be known as the center of the metal industry. Still more recently his name was brought prominently to the attention of the public when in April, 1916, Federal Judge John M. Killits appointed Captain Craig receiver of the Toledo Railways and Light Company. Thus the responsibilities of a position that involves not only the safeguarding of an immense investment but also the rehabilitation of one of the largest public utilities of Ohio devolve upon this veteran shipbuilder and business man. With the announcement of his selection through the Toledo press, one of the HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 687 local papers recalled some facts of his public service which should not be forgotten. Of special interest was his candidacy in 1897, prompted by many of the leading business men, for the office of mayor. He entered the republican city convention as a delegate, but upon discovering that the convention was split into factions he withdrew in favor of Samuel M. Jones, and that resulted in the first nomination and the election of Golden Rule Jones as mayor of Toledo. Captain Craig headed the delegation from the Ninth Ohio District to the National Convention in 1908, when Taft was first nominated for President. It was largely due to his influence that a commission was appointed to manage the construction of the Lucas County Courthouse. Ile favored the commission because he claimed it would prevent jobbery and graft. As a matter of fact the building was completed for less than the appropriation. On November 4, 1911, Captain Craig and Mrs. Craig celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of their wedding. Theirs has been a long and happy companionship, made delightful by their mutual interests and the society of their children and grandchildren. In fact, Captain Craig now finds his best interests in his home and among the younger people who have grown up around him. He was married November 4, 1861, to Miss Annie Eliza Losee of New York City. Of the six children born to them two died in infancy. The four now living are : George L. of Long Beach, California; John F., of Long Beach ; Catherine, wife of D. 0. Douglass of Toledo ; and Mamie R., wife of Alfred J. Merrill of Adrian, Michigan. There are also ten grandchildren, three girls and seven boys. George L. Craig, the older of Captain Craig's two living sons, was born in New York City, May 11, 1864, received a public school education, served an apprenticeship as a wood and ship carpenter with his father at Gibralter, Michigan, and also with the eminent naval architect and shipbuilder, Frank Kirby, in the latter's office at Detroit. He spent three years in the Kirby office as a draftsman. With his father he organized the firm of John Craig & Son, shipbuilders at Trenton, Michigan, in 1882. He accompanied the firm to Toledo in 1889, and has since been a factor in the Craig Shipbuilding Company, of which he was general manager and consulting engineer until the plant was sold in 1906. He has since been interested in a large number of corporations. He is a member of the Toledo Yacht Club, the Engineers Club of New York, and the Society of Naval Architects and Engineers, and is well known in Toledo, though his home is in Long Beach, California. John F. Craig, the younger son, who was vice president and treasurer of the Craig Shipbuilding Company of Toledo until it was sold, was born at Gibralter, Michigan, May 18, 1868. Besides the public schools he attended the State Normal School at Ypsilanti, Michigan, and started his career with the firm of John Craig & Son at Trenton, Michigan, during 1887-89. He came to Toledo and became secretary of the Craig Shipbuilding Company, and in 1900 was made secretary and treasurer. In 1906 he was elected vice president and treasurer. He is now a director in the various corporations with which his father is identified. He is a thirty-second degree Mason. His home is also in Long Beach, California. HENRY C. VAN FLEET. In the retired colony of Maumee resides Henry C. Van Fleet, whose long and useful career has been crowned with success and whose industry and straightforward dealing have brought their own success. For the most part his life has been passed in the peaceful pursuits of farming, but one period of his career was filled with sufficient thrills to last him for a lifetime of quietude, for the story of his experiences as a soldier of the Union during the great Civil war reads like the pages of some fictional tale of adventure. Mr. Van Fleet was born at Waterville, Lucas County, Ohio, April 12, 1842, and is a son of Cornelius and Anna (Runyon) Van Fleet. His grandfather, Mathias Van Fleet, was the first of the family to come to Ohio. He had made an earlier trip, but it was not until the year 1831 that he brought his family from Berks County, Pennsylvania. He had spent his last money, except a shilling, to get his horses shod at Perrysburg, and when he arrived at Maumee, in late fall, he found the river just freezing over. In order to reach the house of his brother, who lived at Waterville, it was necessary to cross the Olin ice, a perilous undertaking which was made doubly so by the sharp new shoes of the horses, which frequently cut through the thin ice, but eventually the little party crossed in safety and reached their destination. Mathias Van Fleet became prominent in early days, was a successful man as a farmer, took an interest in 688 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO civic affairs, and was colonel of a regiment in the Ohio State Militia. He died at Maumee in advanced years. Cornelius Van Fleet was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 1817, and was about thirteen years of age when he accompanied the family to Ohio, having the responsibility of caring for the cattle on the journey, including the trip across the ice before related. He received a good education, and as a young man adopted the profession of engineering, a vocation in which he accomplished a number of achievements, including the laying out of the Erie Canal from Providence to Manhattan. After the completion of the canal, Mr. Van Fleet was made superintendent at Waterville and in connection with his duties opened a store on the dock. Later he removed to Maumee, where he continued as superintendent and also conducted a store, being identified with the canal in this way for a period of about seven years. Still later, Mr. Van Fleet carried on contracting in a way and built the plank road from Maumee to Swanton but was unfortunate in this venture and eventually turned his attention to farming, purchasing a property at Monclova, where the remaining years of his life were passed in pastoral pursuits. He was one of his community's highly esteemed citizens, a co-operator in progressive movements for the benefit of his locality, and a man with a reputation for integrity and straightforward dealing. Henry C. Van Fleet received a good common school education and remained on the home farm until eighteen years of age, at which time he started working for himself in an agricultural way. He had been thus engaged for only a short time when the outbreak of the Civil war called the flower of the North's young manhood to the colors, and among the first to enlist was young Van Fleet, who joined the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry as a member of Company I. He proved himself a good and faithful soldier and participated in all the engagements in which his regiment fought until he was captured by the enemy and entered upon a period of imprisonment that lasted for nineteen months and seven days. He was first confined at Richmond, where the prisoners were kept in the Royston tobacco warehouses. The rations furnished the Northern men were barely sufficient to keep life in their bodies, and Mr. Van Fleet tells of one occasion when one of Mr. Royston's dogs strolled into the warehouse in which his party was incarcerated. The dog was seen no more and that day the prisoners enjoyed a change of fare. Mr. Royston was a kind- hearted man, who had sympathy for the prisoners in their pitiable plight, and frequently, when the Confederate guards were not looking, he would throw tobacco through the stove pipe for the Northern prisoners. When seven months had passed, Andersonville prison was completed and the unfortunate Union men were removed to that awful prison camp. There Mr. Van Fleet was held for nearly a year, at the end of which time he was so weak and ill that the only way he could move was by rolling and dragging himself along the ground. An inferior grade of corn meal, out of which could be made a certain kind of mush by boiling it with water, constituted the rations furnished the prisoners, but one of the things that remains most vividly in Mr. Van Fleet's memory is that they were given no salt, Finally, when life had about left him, Mr. Van Fleet was exchanged at Big Black and was being sent up the river on the ill-fortuned "Sultana," when that vessel blew up just above Memphis and 1,200 were drowned. Mr. Van Fleet caught a ladder and floated down the river for eight miles before he was res cued and at that time was unconscious from the awful scalding which he had received. So badly was he injured that the physicians reported him dead, as they felt that he would die eventually and that he might as well be reported as such right away. However, the will and determination that had taken him through the horrors of Andersonville were not to be denied and he came triumphantly through to return to his home. At Columbus, Ohio, he received his honorable discharge from the service, May 6, 1865. When he had returned home and was fully recovered, Mr. Van Fleet resumed the vocation which he had given up to go to war. For many years he carried on farming in Monclova Township, where he developed an excellent property belonging to Benedict Affolter, his wife 's father, and became one of his community 's most substantial citizens. In 1904 he retired from active pursuits, rented his farm, and took up his residence at Maumee, where he now makes his home. In 1867, at Monclova, Mr. Van Fleet was united in marriage with Miss Annabelle Affolter, who was born below the hill at Maumee, on what was then the main street of the town, but of which not a trace now remains. At that time and for many years afterward there was naught but woods between the town and HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 689 the canal. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Van Fleet : Mabry C., aged forty-six years, and now assistant United States attorney at Washington, D. C. ; and Percy, aged forty-two years, both single. Mr. Van Fleet is a valued member of the Grand Army of the Republic and regularly attends its meetings, and also belongs to the National Union. A stanch democrat in his political views, he served for years as a member of the Maumee City Council, also acted on the school board, and has been honored by appointment by the governor of the state to a position on the committee formed for the erection of the Memorial Hall, at Toledo. His life has been a long and full one, in which he has handled the implements of warfare and those of peace, the instruments of construction as well as those of destruction, and through it all he has maintained a steadfast integrity and fidelity that take him, in the evening of life, one of his it locality's most highly esteemed and respected citizens. HON. DENNIS D. DONOVAN. For many years one of the leading figures in the law and in public life of Northwest Ohio has been Dennis D. Donovan of Napoleon. As a lawyer he stands in the front ranks of the Henry County bar, and his activity in democratic politics has brought his name into national prominence more than once. For two terms he served as representative from Henry County in the Ohio Legislature, and for two terms he served from his home district in Congress, and a more recent political incident of national importance brought his name before e public. Since the acquisition of a strip of country across the Isthmus of Panama known as the Canal Zone, a law was passed providing for a sort of supreme court known as the Mixed Claims Commission. This commission was made up of two commissioners appointed by the President of Panama and two by the President of the United States, and one was chosen as chief justice or umpire by both the President of the United States and the President of Panama. In April, 1915, while he was still a member of President Wilson's cabinet Mr. Bryan strongly supported Mr. Donovan's appointment as chief or umpire of the commission. In fact his selection was definitely settled and had been publicly announced. Mr. Donovan at that time was absent on business in Canada and after he returned home his friends congratulated him on the appointmeat, but just before he had prepared to leave to assume his official duties a misunderstanding arose between the appointing powers, relative to his appointment, and he then retired from the candidacy and declined to be considered in connection with the office. At the present writing early in 1916 his successor has not yet been appointed. Dennis D. Donovan was born in Washington Township of Henry County, Ohio, January 31, 1859. He obtained a public school education, became a teacher, and qualified himself for mature responsibilities by work as a teacher. He also attended the law department of Valparaiso University in Indiana, and in 1895 was admitted to the Ohio bar. In the same year he graduated from Georgetown University at Washington, D. C. Mr. Donovan was first elected to Congress in 1890 and was re-elected in 1892. A fellow member of Congress at that time was William J. Bryan, and while at Washington the two became warm friends, and Mr. Donovan has always had an ardent admiration for the silver tongued orator of the Platte. When Mr. Bryan became a candidate for president Mr. Donovan was one of his strongest supporters in Northwest Ohio. After his admission to the bar Mr. Donovan began practice at Deshler in Henry County in partnership with E. N. Warden. These two well known attorneys are still associated and since 1897 they have conducted their office at Napoleon. Mr. Donovan has since been admitted to practice in all branches of the United States Court and has an immense amount of important litigation, especially in connection with large business interests. His activity in local politics brought him election twice as mayor of his home town of Deshler, and he also served as county school examiner. He was elected to Congress while a resident of Deshler. Mr. Donovan was a prominent candidate for governor in 1898 in the democratic convention but was defeated by Mr. Chapman. Mr. Donovan and his partner have extensive farming and land interests in Northern Ohio and in Canada and much of his time is required in looking after these interests. Mr. Donovan is of Irish stock and parentage and a son of John and Catherine (Hannin) Donovan. His mother is a relative of Father Hannin, a prominent Catholic priest at Toledo. The parents came to America and were married in Ohio, and his father became a prominent early settler of Henry County, where 690 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST. OHIO he spent his active career as a farmer. Both parents died at Deshler when eighty-eight years of age. They were earnest members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Donovan was married in Baltimore, Maryland, to Ginevra Waltimire, who was born in Henry County, a daughter of J. C. and Nancy (Stovenour) Waltimire, who were natives of Ohio. They were married in this state, and they still live at .Deshler, and her father is an extensive land owner and served in the office of county treasurer. Mrs. Donovan has a brother, George C. Waltimire. Mr. Donovan is an active member of Lodge No. 929, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, in which he is past exalted ruler, and is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. ADELBERT LORENZO SPITZER iS senior member of the well known firm of Spitzer, Rorick & Company, the oldest municipal bond house west of Boston and a firm with a national reputation in the municipal bond and investment business. Mr. Spitzer has had a notable career in finance. His success has been due not only to special talent in that line but to a continued concentration through practically all the years of his mature life. Born on a farm in Medina County, Ohio, August 15, 1852, he grew up in the invigorating and wholesome atmosphere of the country until twenty years of age. He was educated in the local schools and Lodi Academy. In December, 1872, leaving school, lie entered the Exchange Bank at Seville, Ohio. That was his first business experience. September 1, 1873, a few weeks after reaching his majority, he became associated with his brother, Amherst T. Spitzer, in establishing the banking house of Spitzer Brothers at Amherst, Ohio. In 1878 he bought his brother's interest and continued the bank until 1882, when he retired from the Amherst institution and moved to Toledo. Here he associated himself with- his cousin, Gen. Celian M. Spitzer, under the firm name of Spitzer & Company. For thirty-five years or more this business has maintained its chief offices at Toledo, with branches in various cities. The firm is mow one of the strongest and best concerns of its kind' in the United States. On February 1, 1.911, the name was changed to Spitzer, Roriek & Company. In February, 1913, Gen. C. M. Spitzer retired on account of ill health. Mr. Spitzer is interested in a number of banks in Toledo and elsewhere. For almost a half of a century his energies have been exclusively directed along the general line of finance. In 1895 he and his cousin, Gen. C. M. Spitzer, erected and owned the Spitzer Building, which was the first large steel construction building in Toledo, and, in fact, of the first in the state. In 1900 they built the annex, which gave the building a capacity of over 700 offices. In 1905 they erected the Nicholas Building, a sixteen-story steel office building, naming it for their grandfather Nicholas Spitzer. A. L. Spitzer and General Spitzer operated and owned these buildings jointly for a number of years, but in February, 1911, the ownership of the property was divided, General Spitzer taking the Nicholas Building and A. L. Spitzer the Spitzer Building. Mr. Spitzer is a member of the Toledo Club, Toledo Country Club, Toledo Commerce Club, Ohio Yacht Club, Ohio Society of New York and an active supporter of the First Congregational Church of Toledo and is a members of its society. He was one of the organizers of the Toledo Country Club, was its first president, and has served continuously as a director since its organization. Toledo has no more loyal and public spirited citizen than A. L. Spitzer. A market illustration of his judgment and ability in organizing and handling new projects was his very successful management of the King Wamba Carnival, which was held in Toledo for a week in August, 1909. The Chamber of Commerce gave to Mr. Spitzer complete charge of the entire program, which proved to he one of the most successful civic entertainments ever given in Northwestern Ohio. Nothing like it had ever been seen outside of New Orleans, and indeed it was patterned largely from the great Mardi Gras festival of the South. Adelbert Lorenzo Spitzer was the youngest son of Garrett and Mary (Branch) Spitzer and a great-great-grandson of Dr. Erne De Spitzer. Dr. Ernestus De Spitzer came to America on the ship Two Brothers from Rotterdam. Holland, and landed in Philadelphia October 13, 1747. He later moved to Schenectady, New York, where he followed his profession for many years. He served with distinction in the French and Indian wars as a surgeon and received an appointment as surgeon general of the provincial forces. Two of his sons, Garrett Spitzer and Aaron Spitzer, served in the Revolutionary HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 691 war. Their descendants married into the Schermerhorn and Astor families. On his mother's side Mr. Spitzer is descended from James Thompson, who came from England as a member of the large colony headed by Governor Winthrop and which landed on the shores of Massachusetts Bay in June, 1630. James Thompson was one of the pioneer settlers of Charlestown, Massachusetts, and died in 1682 at the age of eighty-nine. In England the Thompson family has long been eminent in intellectual, social and religious affairs and a number of them received the honors of knighthood. Two of the descendants of the James Thompson above named, John and Joseph, served in the French and Indian wars. Four brothers of that generation, James, Jonathan, John and Joseph, and eight of the next generation, were patriots in the Revolution. Another ancestor in the maternal line was John Thompson, one of the framers of the National Banking Act. He established the First National Bank of New York, the first institution given a charter under the Act of 1863. He later established the Chase National Bank of New York City, and by that name honored Salmon P. Chase, whose statesmanship was at the foundation of the national banking system and who was one of Mr. Thompson's warm personal friends. Mr. Spitzer, through his mother, is also a cousin of the former governor of Ohio, George K. Nash. Garrett Spitzer, father of A. L. Spitzer, also had an active career as a financier. He was born in Schenectady, New York, November 7, 1817, the oldest son of Nicholas and Nancy (Bovee) Spitzer. He was a man whose judgment was highly respected and whose opinion was often sought. For more than twenty years he was one of the advising directors of the Ohio Farmers Insurance Company. During the Civil war he was an extensive shipper of grain, flour and wool, and he also owned a large stock farm south of Medina. Garrett Spitzer was a consistent member of the republican party and a prominent member of the Congregational Church. He died at Medina, Ohio, January 3, 1891. His wife, Mary Jane Spitzer, born March 22, 1827, at Worthington, Massachusetts, was the daughter of Elisha and Sarah (Thompson) Branch. She became the mother of three sons and five daughters, and her death occurred November 25, 1903. On October 20, 1875, Mr. A. L. Spitzer married Sarah Elizabeth Strong. Mrs. Spitzer, who died in the Lakeside Hospital at Cleveland after an operation on July 7, 1914, will be remembered not only for her devotion to her home and family, but for many happy qualities of mind and heart and for her social leadership in Toledo. She was a prominent member in the First Congregational Church and interested in all its activities, was a charter member of Ursula Wolcott Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and was otherwise associated with the city's social and philanthropic interests. Mrs. Spitzer was born at Seville, Ohio, August 13, 1854, a daughter of Lyman W. Strong, a descendant of John Stoughton Strong, one of the early' pioneers of Strongville, Ohio, a community named after him. Lyman W. Strong was one of the leading merchants of Seville. Mr. Spitzer had four children, all of whom were married, and there are now fourteen grandchildren. The three sons and one daughter are : Carl Bovee, Lyman Strong, Roland Adelbert and Luette Ruth Spitzer, who is the wife of Thomas P. Goodbody of New York. Roland A. Spitzer died on May 20, 1916. The sons have taken a prominent part both in the business and social world, and became well known in Toledo. Carl is associated with his father in the bond and investment business, as was also Roland Adelbert at the time of his death. Lyman looks after the large real estate interests of the family. Carl B. Spitzer is president of the Toledo Commerce Club, while Lyman was formerly a member of the city council and the city park board. JUDGE JOHN WILLIAM SCHAUFELBERGER, after a brief illness, died at his home in Toledo March 31, 1916. During an active career of nearly forty years he had attained many of the best honors in law and business. His time and services were chiefly engaged as a practicing lawyer in Northwest Ohio. However, the chief distinctions by which he is known and deserves to be remembered are associated with his ten years of service on the Common Pleas Bench and latterly as a banker. For the two years preceding his death Judge Schaufelberger had retired from his legal practice and had given his time to his duties as one of the vice presidents of The Merchants & Clerks Savings Bank of Toledo. From 1892 to October, 1902, Judge Schaufelberger was judge of the Court of Common Pleas, Tenth Ohio District. While anything 692 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO like a complete review of his judicial career cannot be attempted, it is a high tribute to his judicial temper and ability when it is stated that there was a smaller percentage of reversals upon his decisions from the higher courts than any other judge in Northwestern Ohio with the possible exception of the late Judge Pugsley. John William Schaufelberger was born on a farm in Hancock County, Ohio, near Fostoria, a son of Jacob and Margaret (Fritcher) Schaufelberger. His parents both died in Hancock County. Jacob Schaufelberger came from Germany when about twenty years of age, and after living for a time in Pennsylvania moved to Ohio in 1852 and located in Hancock County. He was an industrious German mechanic for several years after coming to this country, but sub- sequently turned his attention to farming. He had learned his trade as wagonmaker back in Germany. His death occurred in 1890 at the age of seventy-five, and his wife passed away at the age of fifty-eight. In Hancock County he was a citizen much esteemed, evidenced by several local offices which were given him, such as township trustee and member of the board of education. He and his wife were both members of the Reformed Church. They were married in Pennsylvania and lived for a time at Freedom, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburg before coming to Ohio. In their family were six sons and three daughters, all of whom grew up and five sons are still living: Dr. Frederick J., of. Hastings, Nebraska ; Charles, of Salt Lake City, Utah ; Harry E., of San Diego, California; Curtis E. of Sandusky, Ohio ; and Dr. Frank 0-., of Hastings, Nebraska. The daughters, all now deceased, were Mrs. Louise Bunce, Mary, and Mrs. Amelia Ernest. The early life of Judge Schaufelberger was spent on a farm in Hancock County. There too he also acquired an education from the common schools, and afterwards entered the Heidelberg University at Tiffin, Ohio, where he was graduated A. B. with the class of 1875. He paid part of his expenses through university by leaching and by student employment in school. On leaving college he entered the law office of Hon. George E. Seney of Tiffin, who for many years was a congressman from that district. Under that very capable lawyer he laid a solid foundation for his profession and was admitted to the bar in 1877. He at once took up practice at Fostoria and was identified with the bar there from 1878 to 1883. In the latter year Judge Seney was elected a member of Congress and Mr. Schaufelberger then returned to Tiffin, becoming junior member of the firm of Seney & Schaufelberger, and while the senior member was in Congress the junior handled the large law practice of the firm. This partnership was continued at Tiffin until 1892. In that year Judge Schaufelberger was elected to the Common Pleas Bench and soon afterwards began his judicial duties. He was re-elected without opposition. On retiring from the Common Pleas Bench he moved to Toledo and entered the law office of Doyle & Lewis, and in 1905 became a member of the firm of Doyle, Lewis & Schaufelberger, which held a distinctive place among Toledo's leading law firms from 1905 to 1907. After that Judge Schaufelberger was alone in practice until 1912, and then became associated with Morton C. Seeley under the name Schaufelberger & Seeley. They were in practice during a part of the years 1912-13. In January, 1914, Judge Schaufelberger gave up his practice when elected a vice president of The Merchants & Clerks Savings Bank of Toledo, and devoted himself entirely to that institution. Incidentally it should be said that The Merchants & Clerks Savings Bank has now completed forty-five years of banking existence and service. It is primarily a savings bank, and its resources have been conserved and invested with a particular view to safety for its depositors. It is one of the "roll of honor banks," that is, one possessing surplus and profits in excess of its capital, and is one of the 900 out of about 15,000 state banks in the United States that can make this showing. By recent statement in the fall of 1915 the total resources were approximately $2,370,000. Its capital stock is $150,000, surplus fund $200,000, nearly $70,000 of undivided profits, while the total deposits are well upwards of $2,000,000. The principal officers are : Oliver S. Bond, president ; E. Louis Schomburg, vice president ; Will H. Gunckel, cashier. Politically Judge Schaufelberger was a democrat. He took quite an active part in politics while in Tiffin and it was as the candidate of that party that he was first elected to the Common Pleas Bench in 1892. It was a campaign memorable in Northwest Ohio and Judge Schaufelberger went through such a political struggle for election that he then and there resolved that he would never seek office under similar circumstances. When it came time to propose a candidate for re-elec- HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 693 tion in 1897, he made it known that he would allow no repetition of the earlier struggle in case he became a candidate. In consequence no opposition candidate was set up, and he went into office the second time unopposed and as the choice of both dominant parties. No fact could be stated that would show so well the high esteem in which he was held both as a man and a judge. Judge Schaufelberger was a thirty-second degree Mason, having membership in Sanford L. Collins Lodge, Free and Ancient Masons, Fort Meigs Chapter Royal Arch Masons, St. Omar Commandery Knights Templar, the various Scottish Rite bodies and Zenobia Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also belonged to the Toledo Club, the Country Club, and the Toledo Commerce Club. On June 19, 1888, Judge Schaufelberger married Miss Blanch Watson of Toledo. Mrs. Sehaufelberger died at Toledo March 16, 1904. On October 21, 1908, he married Miss Eva R. Bond, who survives him. Her father is Oliver S. Bond, president of The Merchants & Clerks Savings Bank of Toledo. HENRY A. CONLIN. It was with universal regret that the Toledo bar noted the death of the late Henry A. Conlin. He was a very able and brilliant lawyer, had practiced in the city for fifteen years, and was senior member of the firm of Conlin & Duffey. He was also secretary of The Ohio Lumberman's Credit Association, and that association passed special resolutions of respect as a tribute to his memory and service. He was born at Ann Arbor, Michigan, April 8, 1870, and died at Toledo December 22, 1913, in his forty-fourth year. He was the eldest son of John and Mary (Hanlon) Conlin. His father is now deceased, while his mother is still living in Toledo. There are five surviving brothers : Louis A., Frank C., Arthur R. and Joseph O., all of whom comprise the firm of Conlin Brothers, clothing merchants; and William Conlin, who is a resident of Ann Arbor, Michigan ; besides five sisters : Mary, Anna, Elizabeth and Genevieve Conlin, and Mrs. Leo Wall. All the surviving members of the family reside in Toledo except William Conlin. Henry A. Conlin received his early education in the public schools, attended high school at Ann Arbor, Assumption College at Sandwich, Canada, and taking up the study of law in the University of Michigan was graduated 1.1,. B. with the class of 1896. He at once Vol. II-3 started private practice at Ann Arbor, and in 1898 moved to Toledo, where for some time before his death he was associated with Warren J. Duffey under the firm name of Conlin & Duffey. The late Mr. Conlin was a member of the Lucas County Bar Association, of the Toledo Commerce Club, and of the Toledo Council of the Knights of Columbus. He was buried from St. Francis de Sales Cathedral, and was laid to rest in Calvary Cemetery. HON. JAMES H. SOUTHARD, senior member of the Toledo law firm of Southard, Southard & Rowe, and continuously identified with the Toledo bar for the past thirty-eight years, is not only one of the oldest members of the legal fraternity of Lucas County, but has won successes and distinctions in proportion to the length of his practice. Known in a professional capacity to a wide circle, his name has its most familiar association to the people of Northwest Ohio as a former congressman, having represented the Ninth Ohio District from the Fifty-fourth to the Fifty-ninth Congresses, from 1895 to 1907, a period of twelve years. Born on a farm in Washington Township, Lucas County, Ohio, January 20, 1851, he is a son of Samuel Southard, who was born in old Devonshire, England, and came when young to the United States in 1833, in which year his family located in Lucas County, Ohio. He was a substantial and prosperous farmer, and lived in Lucas County until his death in March, 1896. Samuel Southard married Charlotte Hitchcock, who was born in New York State. Nine children were born to their union, of whom James H. is the oldest son. The late E. B. Southard was a younger brother, as was also the late C. K. Southard, a junior member of the law firm of Southard, Southard & Rowe. Like many successful professional men Mr. Southard spent his early life on his father's farm. His schooling was confined to the district schools in the winter terms, but later he attended the public schools in Toledo and prepared for college at Adrian, Michigan, and Oberlin, Ohio. In 1874 he graduated from Cornell University, at Ithaca, New York, and in the following spring took up the study of law at Toledo. He was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1877. Since that date he has continuously been in practice at Toledo, where his fellow lawyers give him recognition as one of the ablest and 694 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO most successful attorneys in this part of the state. Always interested in politics, Mr. Southard is a forceful and convincing public speaker and has been invaluable to the success of many campaigns. In 1882 he was appointed assistant prosecuting attorney of Lucas County, and two years later was elected prosecuting attorney. He was re-elected in 1887, and during his two terms in office he set a high record of fearless and efficient administration. He has always been a republican, and his second presidential vote was cast for Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1894, a year of much political confusion and economic turmoil, he consented to become the nominee of his party as congressman from the Ninth Ohio District. That district comprised Lucas, Fulton, Ottawa and Wood counties, and was one of the most populous districts of the state. He was elected by a majority of 6,606 over his democratic and populist opponents. During the next two years he justified his election by an effective service in behalf of his constituency and for the cause of sound legislation and wholesome policy in national affairs. He was re-elected in 1896, 1898, 1900, 1902 and 1904. Though a candidate for re-nomina tion in 1906, he lost the honor by a single vote. In 1908 the republicans of the Ninth District again nominated him, but in that year a democrat went to Washington to represent the district. While in Congress Mr. Southard was a member of the committee on naval affairs and was chairman of the committee on coinage weights and measures for eight years, until his retirement. During his service in the national legislature much important legislation affecting the coinage and money of the country was enacted. He was an earnest and active advocate, for a decimal system of weights and measures. He introduced and was largely instrumental in securing the passage of the bill establishing the bureau of standards, which is now one of the greatest institutions of the kind in the world—rivaling, if not surpassing, the Reicheanstalt of Germany and similar institutions in other foreign countries. Not long after retiring from Congress Mr. Southard formed a partnership with John O. Zable and John M. Carr, under the firm name of Southard, Zable & Carr, with offices in the Spitzer Building. This firm represented a wide variety of legal talent and carried on a successful practice until October, 1912. Subsequently he was in practice in the firm of Southard & Southard. In October, 1912, W. C. Rowe was taken into partnership, and since then the firm has been Southard, Southard & Rowe. This law firm has really been in existence more than thirty years, and was founded by E. B. and C. K. Southard. W. C. Rowe was employed in the firm for ten years before being taken into partnership. Mr. Southard is a Knight Templar Mason and belongs to the various Masonic bodies represented at Toledo, and is also affiliated with the Knights of the Maccabees, the Knights of Pythias and Toledo Lodge of Elks, and is a member of the Lucas County Bar Association and the Toledo Commerce Club. His offices are in the Nasby Mr. Southard married Miss Carrie T. Wales of Toledo. Mrs. Southard died in Washington, D. C., January 16, 1906. There are three children : Clara Louise, who is a graduate of Vassar College, is now Mrs. George W. Shaw of Toledo. Myrtle E., who attended Vassar College one year, returning home on account of her mother's death, is now Mrs. Cornelius B. Woodward of Akron, Ohio. James H., Jr., the only son, attended the Miami Military Academy two years, the Bliss Electrical School at Washington and the Dodge Electrical School at Valparaiso, Indiana, and for the past year and a half was engaged in the wireless telegraphy in San Francisco, California. He is now with the Weston Manufacturing Co. of Newark, New Jersey. HON. WARREN JOSEPH DUFFEY. Though one of the youngest members of the Toledo bar, Warren J. Duffey has already signalized his work by influential relationship in his practice and has made a term of service in the State Legislature productive of great benefit to the entire state. Mr. Duffey served as a member of the General Assembly of Ohio from Lucas County during the year 1913-14, having been elected as a democrat. As a legislator he was author of the Mechanic's Lien Law, and he has frequently been called upon to discuss and explain the general features of this law and in January, 1916, addressed the Wholesale and Retail Lumber Dealers' Association of New York on the subject. He also did important work in securing the regulation of the sale and traffic in cocaine, morphine and other habit-forming drugs, and thus brought Ohio legislation upon the subject into harmony HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 695 with more recent federal enactments. This legislation was of particular interest to Toledo, and it may be stated that the so-called "dope" law was fought through to the Supreme Court and has finally been declared valid. Representative Duffey also earnestly supported the passage of the Reform Judiciary Bill, and while in the Legislature was chairman of the committee on ways and means, and a member of the committees on codes, courts and procedure, manufactures and commerce, and public utilities. Warren Joseph Duffey was born in Toledo January 24, 1886, a son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Duffey of Toledo. Joseph A. Duffey has been for about thirty years connected with the New York Life Insurance Company, at Toledo. Before entering upon the profession of law Warren J. Duffey acquired a liberal education, beginning with the public schools of Toledo, St. John's University of Toledo, where he graduated A. B. in 1907 and A. M. in 1908, and in 1911 he completed the law Femme and was graduated LL. B. from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. He was admitted to the bar in June, 1911, both in Ohio and Michigan, and in the same month began practice in his home city, at first with O. S. Brumback. Later he formed a partnership with the late Henry A. Conlin, under the name Conlin & Duffey, and this was continued until the death of Mr. Conlin in 1913. Since then Mr. Duffey has been alone in practice. He is an active member of the Toledo Commerce Club, The Lucas County Bar Association, the Ohio State Bar Association, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and St. Francis de Sales Cathedral. Mr. Duffey and family reside in a beautiful home at 401 Rockingham Street. On August 28, 1913, he was married at Toledo to Marie L. Sawkins, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George W. Sawkins, well known Toledo people. To their marriage has been born one daughter, Miss Marie Ruth Duffey. HON. BYRON F. RITCHIE. One of the names longest and most honorably identified with the Toledo bar is that of Ritchie. The venerable James M. Ritchie, who long since passed the fourscore mark, is the oldest surviving member of the Toledo bar, while his son, Byron F. Ritchie, has enjoyed a distinguished place in the local bar for more than forty years, and is now serving as judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Lucas' County. Prior to his elevation to the bench, Byron F. Ritchie had justly earned the reputation of being the most capable criminal lawyer in Toledo and undoubtedly was one of the most skillful lawyers in that class of practice in the State of Ohio. Born at Grafton, Ohio, January 29, 1853, he was brought to Toledo in January, 1860, and that city has been his home through youth and mature manhood. Graduating from the Toledo public schools in 1870, he took up the study of law in the office of and under the direction of his father, and was admitted to the bar in 1874. He at once engaged in practice, and soon had made a name for himself in his chosen specialty of the criminal law. Some of the most noted cases in Toledo legal annals have had Judge Ritchie as counsel for the defendant. It was his skill in the marshaling of facts and evidence and his power before the jury that enabled him to save the life of Ben Landis, who was charged with murder, and who had been jointly indicted with the Wade brothers, who were convicted and executed for the crime. Many recall his brilliant defense of Jeremiah Mackley, whom he succeeded in clearing with a verdict of acquittal, after his brother Joseph Mackley had been convicted and sentenced to execution. Mr. Ritchie is almost equally at home as a counselor or as an advocate. Toledo people have long admired his masterful eloquence, his sparkling humor, and the originality and wit which he has introduced into the trial of cases. When he has appeared as a lawyer in a case it has been a signal for a large following of his admirers. It is said that he is one of the best toastmasters in Toledo. In 1914 he was elected a judge of the Common Pleas Court. Here again he fills an office which his father had filled many years before. Judge Ritchie is a democrat, while his father was an equally ardent republican. The Hon. James M. Ritchie was elected on the republican ticket to represent the Toledo District in Congress in 1880, defeating the late Frank H. Hurd. Twelve years later in 1892 Byron F. Ritchie was elected as democrat from the same district, defeating the late James M. Ashley. So far as known it was the only instance in Ohio where father and son of different politics have ever represented the same district in Congress. Judge Ritchie has proved to be as able a jurist as he was a brilliant lawyer. His friends are legion, and he is always affable 696 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO and approachable, and has used his many brilliant qualities for the faithful and disinterested service of the public welfare. On April 11, 1878, Mr. Ritchie married Miss Kate Ingersoll Taylor of Williamsburg, Indiana. Their one daughter is Violet Burt Ritchie. SHERMAN BOND. One of the landmarks of Toledo for many years has been the Hotel Boody and to the many thousands who know Toledo not as their home city but as travelers and transient guests the most definite impressions and some of the most grateful associations center about this noted old hostelry. The Hotel Boody, at the corner' of Madison Avenue and St. Clair Street, was built in 1870, and for forty-five years has held its own in the march of improvement and progress. It is located close to the shopping district and theaters, and its high standard of service has gained for the house a wide popularity, not only in Northwest Ohio but all over the country. As a material structure and a name it is now passing into memory and on its site is being erected a magnificent modern hotel, to be known as the Bond House. In recent years the Boody House presented an example of an architecture somewhat obsolete in such a thriving and progressive city as Toledo, though in the vital considerations of satisfactory service it had lost none of its former popularity. The 165 guest rooms had been brought up to modern equipment and were maintained in style of furnishing equal to the best found in any hotel in the Central West. It particularly excelled in its cafe and cuisine, and many thousands will be found who will vouch for the assertion that in cuisine, the Boody House cafe has not been excelled by any city in the Middle West. The success of the Boody House in later years was due to its popular landlord, Sherman Bond, who has made hotel keeping a business almost continuously since boyhood, and who has made an ideal boniface as well as a highly enterprising citizen of Toledo. Mr. Bond was for four years proprietor of the Jefferson Hotel at Toledo, and much of his wide experience as a hotel man has been gained in the State of Ohio. His father was an old soldier and a great admirer of the leader who cut through the heart of the Confederacy and made the historic march from Atlanta to the sea. As a token of this admiration he gave one of his sorts the name Sherman. Sherman Bond was born in Hancock County, Ohio, May 3, 1866, a son of Col. J. H. and Elvira (Siddell) Bond. Both parents are now deceased, the mother having died at the age of twenty-six when her son Sherman was six years old. The father, who died at Sandusky, Ohio, June 9, 1915, aged seventy-three years thirteen days, had enlisted as a private early in the War of the Rebellion, served four years four months with the Fifty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry and came out with the rank of colonel. Of the four children, one son died at the age of two years, while the others are still living, namely : Mrs. Levi Gorby, the wife of a farmer near Macomb, Ohio ; Sherman ; and James M., a mason contractor living at Shelby, Ohio. After his mother's death. Sherman Bond lived among relatives for several years. It was soon discovered that there were three other persons by the name Bond who had also been christened in honor of the famous general, and in order that there might be no mistake as to his own identity there was still further borrowing from the name of the great military leader and Mr. Bond 's full name is Sherman William Tecumseh Bond, although he is familiarly known in Toledo simply as Sherman Bond. It was not altogether a life of ease which Sherman Bond lived during his boyhood. At an early age he shifted for himself and though he has been unusually successful and is rated among Toledo 's first men in business affairs. he has won prosperity often at the hands of adversity. For four years of his boyhood he worked on a farm, and during that time gained all the schooling that was his privilege, perhaps twelve months in all. At the age of fourteen he had his first experience in hotel work, being employed as bellboy and in other capacities at wages of $3 a month and board with the Sherman House Findlay, Ohio. He was in that hotel during three winters while the two summers he worked as a house painter in the employ of Dick Pfeifer, who is now a resident of Toledo, and still in the painting business. In his younger years Sherman Bond was very fond of athletic sports and outdoor life, and at one time held the state championship for the 100-yard dash. From Findlay Mr. Bond went to Antwerp, Ohio, and for three years worked as a bartender. He then became a hotel runner for the old Russell House at Defiance, remaining in that work four months, and then returning to Antwerp for another eight months. He HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 697 and a partner then went out to the Northwest and at Portland, Oregon, they struck upon financial rocks and were soon broke. In order to make a living Sherman Bond worked six weeks in a. sawmill, and then hired out to the local hotel proprietor, with whom he remained fourteen months. Returning to Antwerp, Ohio, he soon became night clerk for the Gault House at Carey, Ohio, was there nine months and then became manager of the Watkins House at Warsaw, New York. After eight months he returned to his old employer at Carey, Ohio, and four months later became clerk in the Hayes House at Fostoria. He was again with his former employer at Carey for about a year and he then bought the Gault House and entered upon his career as a hotel manager and proprietor. That he has made good in hotel management is evidenced from the fact that he started with a minimum of capital. The old friend at Antwerp for whom he had tended bar loaned him $1,000 to make the first payment on the Gault House and the previous owner of the hotel gave him $25 to put in the till on the day he opened business. For six years he conducted the Gault House very successfully, then sold out and bought the Hotel Marsh at Van Wert, Ohio, was there a year and seven months, then trading the hotel for the Barnes Hotel at Paulding. By an interesting coincidence Mr. Bond opened business at Paulding on the day that President McKinley was shot, in September, 1901, and remained there until July 1, 1902. On selling out he returned to Carey, Ohio, but in August of the same year came to Toledo and for a year and seven months was manager of Conley's restaurant. After several months of comparative idleness, he and W. C. Anderson bought an interest in the Jefferson Hotel at the corner of St. Clair and Jefferson streets. At the end of five months he had progressed so far that he bought Mr. Anderson's interest and was the active proprietor of the Jefferson Hotel about four years. He first bought the Puffer interest in the Jefferson Hotel and later Puffer's interest in the Boody House. That gave him half the stock in the Boody House and thus for a time he was interested in two of the best hotels of Toledo. After nine months Mr. Bond acquired all the interest in the Boody House, and from June, 1910, conducted, as owner and proprietor, this fine old hostelry until early in 1916,. when a stock company was formed and plans were matured and put in execution for the erection of a magnificent $2,000,000 hotel, known as the Bond Hotel, on the site of the present Boody House. On February 1, 1911, Mr. Bond sold his interest in the Jefferson Hotel. He has been the leading spirit in the organization of the Bond Hotel Company, and in January, 1916, was elected president of the company. The other directors in this organization are : Morrison W. Young, F. J. Reynolds, Thomas Tracy, Rathbun Fuller, E. H. Close, 0. W. Holmes, Charles Tiedtke, George M. Jones, W. T. Hubbard, Frank P. Chapin, Alfred B. Koch, M. H. Gasser, George S. Mills and Thomas Davies. One of the last events of a public nature in the old Boody House was a dinner given there in honor of Mr. Bond by the Toledo Transportation Club, in the course of which the club members paid some fine tributes to the proprietor and also to the historic hotel, and pledged their support to the new enterprise, the Bond Hotel, which will be completed in 1918. As a token of their appreciation for the many favors which Mr. Bond had shown the Transportation Club, the president of the club, Joseph A. Goldbaum, president of the Ann Arbor Railroad, presented Mr. Bond with a fine gold watch. The new Bond Hotel will be a seventeen-story structure, to cost $3,000,000 and to contain 600 guest rooms, each one with individual bath. The hotel will have a frontage of 181 feet on St. Clair Street and a frontage of 120 feet on Madison Avenue. It is to be built thoroughly modern and absolutely fireproof. The first three stories will be of Indiana limestone, above which the walls will be laid in smooth gray brick with terra cotta trimmings. An interesting feature in the financing of this new hotel requires. notice. This is the setting aside of a block of 7 per cent preferred stock, divided into shares of $100 each, and secured by a sinking fund that will redeem the stock at 110 after five years. By offering these shares on easy payments an opportunity was offered, which has been liberally availed of, for people of moderate means to acquire an interest in this latest improvement in Toledo's business district. Mr. Bond is an honorary member of the Toledo Transportation Club, belongs to all the hotel associations, and is a member of the Toledo Club, Inverness Country Club, Maumee River Yacht Club, Toledo Yacht Club, Toledo Commerce Club, Toledo Automobile Club, and fraternally is affiliated with Toledo Lodge 698 - HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO No. 53, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and with all the Masonic bodies at Toledo, including Toledo Lodge No. 184, Free and Accepted Masons, and the thirty-second degree Consistory of the Scottish Rite. As an appreciation of his helpful aid he has been made an honorary life member of Yondota Lodge No. 572, Free and Accepted Masons, at East Toledo. On July 9, 1892, at Carey, Ohio, Mr. Bond married Miss Bessie Shuman. They are the parents of a daughter and a son. Ethel M., the daughter, was married October 1, 1913, to George J. Pfeifer, who is active manager of the Boody House. Mrs. Pfeifer is a graduate of the Ursuline Convent at Toledo. The son, Harold S. Bond, is a graduate of the preparatory school at Asheville, North Carolina, and will enter Princeton in 1916. GEORGE G. METZGER. For thirty years or more George G. Metzger has been one of the strong and influential figures in manufacturing, real estate and other business affairs in Toledo and Lucas County. His friends say that he has a genius for the successful handling of commercial propositions. Among other things he led the way in the establishment of the Linseed Oil industry in Toledo, and is still president of a large company for the manufacture of that product. Like many successful business men, he laid the foundation for his success by a thorough training in his younger years. His prosperity has not come suddenly but as the fruit of experience, constant industry, good judgment, and a determination to get results in every undertaking. George G. Metzger was born at Waynesburg in Holmes County, Ohio, June '20, 1847. His parents, Frederick and Magdalena (Smith) Metzger, were both born in Wurtemberg, Germany, but were not acquainted with each other while living there. They both came to America about 1830, locating in Holmes County, where their acquaintance soon formed and ripened into matrimony. Frederick Metzger was a country blacksmith and farmer, *and in 1849 moved to Lucas County, where from that time until his death in June, 1867, he devoted his time almost entirely to farming at his home about three miles west of Maumee. His wife died there in September, 1854. They were German Lutherans. Of their children, four daughters and three sons, George G. is the only surviving son, and his three living sisters are: Mrs. J. M. Christ mann of Waterville, Ohio ; Mrs. F. M. Rake-straw of Auburndale, Lucas County ; and Miss Sophia Metzger, who lives in California. All the children received their education in the Ohio public schools. George G. Metzger was two years of age when his parents came to Lucas County and he was left an orphan by the death of his father at the age of twenty. His opportunities for schooling were somewhat limited, and most of his training came while growing. up on the home farm. After the death of his father he went to Toledo, spending one year as clerk in the general store of Eaton & Backus, retailers and wholesalers on Summit Street. The following two years were spent in the store of Applegate, Keen & Company, wholesale dealers in dry goods and notions. From that time until March 26, 1873, he enlarged his experience by clerking in a country store at Custer in Wood County. In the meantime he had accumulated some capital and some experience, chiefly experience, and he next purchased a half interest in a flour and sawmill at Waterville. There for eight years he was in partnership with his brother-in-law, J. M. Christmann. Their mill was familiarly known as the old Pekin Mill. Mr. Metzger in 1881 went to Texas and for about a year was in the sheep industry, which was then at the height of its prosperity in the Southwest. Returning to Lucas County, Mr. Metzger turned his attention to the industry which has occupied so much of his time ever since. He constructed a linseed oil mill at Auburndale.' This was operated for a time under the name The Metzger-Brothers & Company, but afterwards as The Metzger Linseed Oil Company. In 1899 he sold his interest in this concern to The American Linseed Oil Company, though he continued to act as vice president about one year. He then set up an enterprise of the same kind in the eastern part of Toledo, and that institution has since been conducted under the name The Metzger Seed and Oil Company, of which he is president. Mr. Metzger is also president of The Toledo Stove and Range Company and of The National Land and Improvement Company. His business operations and interests are now widely extended. He owns 3,200 acres of land in Lucas and Sandusky counties, and has twice been the owner of the National Union Building, one of the well known down town office buildings in Toledo. He sold it the last time in 1913. HISTORY OF NORTHWEST OHIO - 699 In politics he is independent, voting for the best man always. He has membership in the Washington Street Congregational Society of Toledo. On May 15, 1878, Mr. Metzger married Miss Albertine Boyer, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Philip Boyer of Waterville. To their marriage have been born five children, three sons and two daughters: Homer L., George Frederick, Edward P., Mary E. and Clara Louise. All were born and educated in Toledo and are graduates of the Toledo High School. The Metzger family home is at 1930 Parkwood Avenue. CALVIN HAMILTON REED, M. D., whose death occurred at his home in Toledo May 4, 1915, possessed and exercised many qualities of mind and manhood which his community could ill afford to lose. He stood for the finest things of life, and was not only a successful physician, but a gentleman of the highest type and a social leader in the best sense of the term. His widow and family still reside at Toledo. At the time of his death he was one of the oldest members of the medical fraternity at Toledo, both in point of age and length of service. Born in Union County, Ohio, November 20, 1840, he represented a family that became identified with Ohio when it was still a territory and more than 115 years have passed since the Reeds first came into this state. His parents were George and Martha (Morgan) Reed, and his paternal grandfather, Samuel Reed, a native of Pennsylvania, located in Union Township of Union County, Ohio, in 1800 and was a substantial farmer there until his death. Samuel Reed married Elizabeth Lecky, who was also a native of Pennsylvania and who died in Union County, Ohio. Doctor Reed's maternal grandparents were William and Phoebe (Campbell) Morgan who spent the latter years of their lives land, where they died, and their youngest daughter, Martha Hamilton, who was born in Maryland, March 21, 1822, was reared in the home of a relative, Uncle Robert Nelson. George Reed, father of Doctor Reed, was born in Union County, Ohio, August 21, 1809, and became a successful master of agriculture and followed it through all his active life. He was a stanch republican and he and his wife for many years were active in the Presbyterian Church at Milford Center, living exemplary Christian lives. George Reed died in Toledo in 1890 in his eighty-first year, leaving to posterity a clean record as a farmer, a citizen and a man. his wife preceded him thirty years, having passed away February 29, 1860. Of their seven children only one is now living, a daughter. Doctor Reed grew up in a home of simple comforts and high ideals. He attended the public schools of Union County and an academy at Marysville, Ohio. On June 3, 1862, he answered the call of patriotism and enlisted as a private in Company E of the Eighty-sixth Ohio Infantry and served as a corporal until his honorable discharge on September 25, 1862. For about three years he was a student in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, and paid most of his expenses by teaching school during the winter seasons. His real aspirations were for medicine, and as soon as he could do so he took up the study in the office of Prof. J. W. Hamilton, M. D., at Columbus. He was graduated M. D. with the class of 1868 from Starling Medical College at Columbus, and at once came to Toledo to begin practice. He first established his offices on the corner of St. Clair and Logan streets, and was in that neighborhood for nearly half a century and made his skill, his time, and his patience available to his large clientage. His practice extended beyond the boundaries of Toledo and Lucas County, and while not a specialist he ranked among the ablest members of the Lucas County, medical fraternity. Throughout his life work he commanded the esteem of his fellow practitioners, enjoyed the love and respect of his multitude of patients, and should be remembered as a capable, progressive and conscientious physician and surgeon. He was a member of the Toledo Academy of Medicine, the Northwestern Ohio and Ohio State Medical societies and the American Medical Association. Fraternally he was affiliated with the Masonic Order and the Knights of Pythias. His long study and experience in close touch with the affairs of life made him keenly realize that true popular welfare was bound up in the abolition of every special privilege conferred by Government authority and it was perhaps only natural that he accepted and believed the basic principles of socialism and long acted with that party in politics. In fact his political creed was significant of his profound interest in and his laudable desire for the uplift of humanity. Though he never aspired to a public career, he served six years as a member of the Toledo Board of Educa-