150 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO. As a delegate to the national republican convention, in 1864, he did much to secuie the renomination of Abraham Lincoln, and succeeded Montgomery Blair as postmaster-general, but resigned when President Johnson had defined his "policy. " For several years after his Gov. Dennison lived in retirement, but was called on by President Grant, in 1875, to act as one of the commissioners of the District of Columbia, a position which he filled until 1878. By his marriage to Miss Neil he became the father of three children, the first-born dying in infancy, and the. Others being named Neil and Elizabeth. He died June 15, 1882, respected by all people as an able, patriotic and good man. DAVID TOD, Ohio's twentieth elected governor, was born in Youngstown, Mahoning county, February 21, 1805, received a good literary education, and after studying for the legal profession was admitted to the bar in the year 1827. He practiced about fifteen years at Warren, where his talents soon won him recognition among the leading lawyers of the northeastern part of the state, and while a resident of Warren was elected, in 1838, a member of the state senate. Gov. Tod soon took high rank as a successful politician, made a brilliant canvass for Martin Van Buren in 1840, and in 1844 was nominated for governor, but was defeated by a small majority. One of the issues of the gubernatorial campaign of 1844 was " hard " and " soft " money, the democrats representing the former and the whigs the latter. In a speech David Tod, the democratic candidate, said that sooner than adopt " soft " or paper money, it would be better to go back to the Spartan idea of finance and coin money from pot-metal. His opponents seized upon this expression, dubbed him " pot-metal " Tod, and insisted that he was really in favor of coining pot-metal into currency of Tod about the size of a silver dollar were struck off by his opponents by the thousands, being Composed of pot-metal and circulated throughout the state. The "pot-metal " cry doubtless had Much to do in bringing about his defeat by a slender margin, showing that small things are often effective in political campaigns, if the ,people happen to be in the humor to be influenced by them, which not infrequently happens to be the case. In 1847 he was appointed, by President Polk, minister to Brazil, and represented his government until 1852, when 'he returned to the United States and took an active part in the campaign which resulted in the election of Franklin Pierce to the presidency. In 1860 he was chosen delegate to Charleston convention, of which he was made vice-president, and after the withdrawal . of the southern wing of the democratic party, presided over that body until its adjournment. Upon the breaking out of the Civil war, Gov. Tod was earnest in his advocacy of a compromise between the north and south, but with the commencement of hostilities he became a firm supporter of the Union and did much to arouse enthusiasm in the prosecution of the struggle. In 1861 he was the republican nominee for governor, and at the ensuing election defeated his competitor by an overwhelming majority of 55,000 votes. He proved a very popular and capable executive, and during his term of two years, greatly aided the national administration JOHN BROUGH, the twenty-first governor of Ohio elected by the people of the state, was born at Marietta, Ohio, September 17, 1811. His father, John Brough, was a companion and friend of Blennerhassett, both coming to the United GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 151 States in the same Ship in 1806. They remained close friendship for many years, but Mr. Brough was not connected with the unfortunate complications between Blennerhassett and Aaron Burr. John Brough died in 1822, leaving his wife with five children, and with but small means of support. John Brough, who became governor of Ohio, was sent to learn the trade of printer in the office of the Athens Mirror before he was fourteen: After a few months he entered the Ohio university at Athens, reciting with his class in the day time, and setting type mornings and evenings to support himself. He was a good compositor and also a good student, and was distinguished for his skill in athletic games. Having completed his education at the university he began the study of law, but soon afterward went to Petersburg, Va., to edit a newspaper. Returning to Marietta, Ohio, in 1831, he became proprietor of the Washington county Republican, a democratic paper, Which he conducted until 1833, when he sold out, and in partnership with his brother, Charles H., purchased the Ohio Eagle, published at Lancaster, Ohio, and while he was a strong partisan, yet he had no patience for any kind of underhand work in either party. In 1835 he was elected 'clerk of the Ohio senate, and retained; this position until 1838. He, was chosen representative from Fairfield and Hocking counties in 1838, and the next year he was chosen by the legislature to fill the office of auditor of state. To this latter office he was again elected and served six years. Many evils then existed in the finances of the state, but, notwithstanding much opposition and many embarrassments, he succeeded in finding remedies therefor, and the pecuniary affairs of the state were 'placed on a solid foundation. The re ports he made upon the state's financial system are among the ablest and most valuable of our state papers. During his second term as auditor of state he purchased the Phoenix, a newspaper in Cincinnati, changed its name to the Enquirer and placed it in charge of his brother, Charles H., and at the Close of that term removed to Cincnniati, opened a law office and wrote editorials for his paper. He also became a powerful and effective public speaker, and while he was 'becoming a distinguished leader in the democratic party he was also becoming with equal rapidity thoroughly disgusted with party politics. In 1848 he retired from partisan strife, sold one-half interest in the Enquirer, and devoted his attention to railroads. Being elected president of the Madison & Indiana Railroad company, he removed to Madison, Ind:, but later,. at the invitation of one of his friends, Stillman Witt, of Cleveland, Ohio, he accepted the presidency of the Bellefontaine Railroad company, which, under his management, became one of the leading railroads of the country. In 1861 he removed to Cleveland, and during the first two years of the war was untiring in his efforts to serve the government by the prompt transportation of troops to the front: In 1863, that portion of the democrats of Ohio that was opposed to the further prosecution of the war nominated C. L. Vallandigham for governor of the state, and. StillmanWitt; haing Urged Mr. Brough take an active part in politics, generously offering to per-form the duties of thepresident of the railroad, and permit Mr. Brough to draw the salary, Mr. Brough was at length nominated by the republican party as its candidate in opposition to Vallandigham. The result of the election, was that Mr. Brough was elected by a majority of 101,099, the total vote being 471,643. It was at the suggestion of Gov. Brough that an extra force of 100,000 men was raised to aid Gen. Grant in his arduous campaign of 1864, Ohio's quota of this 100,000 being 30,000. 152 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO. Within ten days Ohio raised 38,000 men, the result being due largely to Gov. Brough's energetic action, which called out the warmest commendation from both President Lincoln and Gen. Grant. While Gov. Brough lived to see the war brought to a successful close, yet he died before the close of his term, on August 29, 1865. He was of the honest men in politics, just in all his motives and acts. Though not a member of any church, yet he took a deep interest in religion and died in the hope of an eternal life. Gov. Brough was twice married—first to Miss Acsah P. Pruden, of Athens, Ohio, who died in 1838 at the age of twenty-five years, and second, to Miss Caroline A. Nelson, of Columbus, Ohio, whom he married in 1843 at Lewiston, Pa. By this latter marriage he had two sons and two daughters. CHARLES ANDERSON was put in nomination as lieutenant-governor of Ohio on the ticket in 1863, with John Brough for governor and elected. The death of the latter transferred Col. Anderson to the office of governor in August of the same year. Charles Anderson was born June 1, 1814, at the residence of his father, called Soldiers' Retreat, or Fort Nelson, near the falls of the Ohio, and which locality is about nine miles from the city of Louisville, Ky. His father, Col. Richard Clough Anderson, a gentleman of high character, who was an aid-de-camp to Lafayette, removed to Soldiers' Retreat from Virginia in 1793, and there, in the capacity of surveyor-general of the Virginia military land grant, made his residence three years before Kentucky was recognized as a territory. His mother was a relative of Chief-Justice Marshall, and his eldest brother, Richard Clough Anderson, represented his district in congress, was the first United States minister to the republic of Columbia and commissioner in congress at Panama. Robert Anderson, another brother of Gov. Anderson, was the Major Anderson commanding Fort Sumter in April, 1861. Charles Anderson graduated from Miami university at Oxford, Ohio, in 1833, began the study of law in Louisville in his twentieth year in the office of Pirtle & Anderson, and in 1835 was admitted to practice. He then went to Dayton, Ohio, and September 16th married Miss Eliza J. Brown, a young lady of that place. He remained a resident of Dayton, Ohio, varying his professional engagement by working the farm during the following ten years, having in that time been elected prosecuting attorney of the county, and in 1844 was elected to the state senate. His vote in this body in favor of bills to give to the colored men the privilege of testifying in court caused him the enmity of all the pro-slavery element among his constituency, but of this he took no notice. He resolved that at the close of his term he would recuperate his health by a protracted sea voyage, and, descending to New Orleans, he took a vessel for Havana, and there took passage on a vessel bound for Europe, and with much advantage to his health returned by the way of Paris and Liverpool. Arriving in Cincinnati, he entered into a law partnership with Rufus King, Esq., and for eleven years practiced his profession. Then his original love of farming still influencing his life, he went to Texas in 1859, and found the people greatly excited on account of the political condition of the country. Demagogues had advocated dissolution of the Union there as elsewhere, and the establishment of a new southern states' government of a monarchical form, its foundation-stone human slavery, and under the protectorate of Great Britain, to which people their cotton would be exchanged GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 153 for goods of British manufacture exclusively. He soon saw that this treasonable project had taken deep root among the ignorant masses of the south. There was no term that had been uttered that could be more opprobrious than abolitionist, and his well-known love of freedom prompting him to boldly address the people, he did so at a great gathering at San Antonio November 20, 1860, advocating, in the most stirring and patriotic language, the perpetuity of the national Union. Though the recipient subsequently of letters threatening his life, he continued to reside in San Antonio in spite of the forty-day resident act passed by the Confederate congress at Montgomery, Ala., and was therefore confined as a political prisoner in the guard tent of Maclin's battery of artillery. By the assistance of two persons, who subsequently were maltreated for so assisting him, he escaped to the north. It was not reasonable to suppose that Mr. Anderson, born in Kentucky, and from infancy surrounded by and breathing the atmosphere of slavery, could have regarded that institution as it was looked upon by the millions who had not been similarly situated. Hence the original idea of the war, restoring the Union as it was, caused him to offer his services to Gov. Tod, and he was appointed colonel of the Ninety-third Ohio regiment, in command of which brave body of men he was seriously wounded in the battle of Stone River. After his term of service as lieutenant-governor and governor of Ohio he removed to a large iron estate on the Cumberland river, in Lyon county, Ky., where he spent the remainder of his life. JACOB DOLSON COX, the twenty-second governor of Ohio elected by the people, was born in Montreal, Canada, October 27, 1828, to which city his parents, who were natives of the United States, and who were then residents of New York, had gone for a temporary purpose, Mr. Cox being a master builder, and having in charge in Montreal the erection of the frame work, roofing, etc., of the church of Notre Dame. The following year they returned to New York, where were spent the childhood days of the subject of this sketch. In 1846 he entered Oberlin college, from which he graduated in 185 1, and in 1852 he removed to Warren, Ohio, where for three years he was superintendent of the high school. In the meantime he studied law and was admitted to the bar, and in 1859 he he was elected, from the Trumbull and Mahoning district, to the legislature, where throughout his term he was regarded as a " radical," not only on account of the section of the state from which he came, but also on account of his having married the daughter of President Finney of Oblerlin college. He took his seat in the senate on the first Monday in January, 1860. After the enactment of the fugitive slave law of 1850 the state of Ohio passed a law providing penalties for carrying free blacks out of the state without first having recourse to judical proceedings. The democrats in the legislature earnestly desired to repeal this law, and Mr. Cox, as chairman of the judiciary committee, made a minority report against its repeal, to which report the support of the entire republican party was given. While Mr. Cox was not in favor of any unnecessarily harsh measures to grieve the southern states, yet he was always uncomprisingly in favor of supporting the government in its efforts to suppress the Rebellion: Ten days after President Lincoln's first call for troops, Mr. Cox was commissioned, by Gov. Dennison, a brigadier-general of Ohio volunteers for the three months' service, and placed in command of Camp Jackson, which was established for the reception of troops. A larger camp being necessary, President Lincoln commissioned him 154 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO brigadier-general of volunteers, and with the assistance of Gen. Rosecrans he laid out Camp Dennison. On the 6th of July, 186 i , he was ordered by Gen. McClellan to take a position at the south of the Great Kanawha, whence he drove the rebels under Gen. Wise out of the valley of that river, and took and repaired the bridge at Gauley, and other bridges; and it is owing to the success of these early military maneuvers that West Virginia became an independent state. In August, 1862, he was assigned to the army of Virginia under Gen. Pope, and when Gen. Reno fell succeeded to his command, that of the Ninth corps, which he commanded at the battle of Antietam, in which battle his troops so distinguished themselves that he was appointed to a full major-generalship. On April 16, 1863, Gen. Cox was in command of the district of Ohio, and also of a division of the Twenty-third army corps, with headquarters at Knoxville, Tenn. In the Atlanta campaign he led the Third division of the Twenty-third army corps, and in the engagement at Columbus had entire command, as he had also at Franklin, November 30, where he felt the full force of Hood's attack. On reaching Nashville Gen. Thomas assumed command of the army, Gen. Schofield of the Twenty-third corps, and Gen. Cox of his division—his division in this battle capturing an important rebel position and eight pieces of cannon. In January, 1865, Gen. Cox, with his division, performed important service in North Carolina, aiding in the capture of Kingston, and then he united his forces with Sherman's army. Gen. Cox had charge of the details connected with the surrender of Gen. Johnston's soldiers. In July, 1865, he was placed in command of the district of Ohio, and while in charge of the discharge of Ohio soldiers was elected governor of the state, and was inaugurated January 15, 1866. Throughout the war Gen. Cox was steadily promoted, and won golden opinions from all patriots, but after the close of the struggle he supported President Johnson's " policy, " which gave great dissatisfaction to loyal people. In 1869 President Grant appointed him secretary of the interior, which position he resigned after a few months, and returned to Cincinnati, where he was appointed receiver of the Toledo, Wabash & Western railroad, and resided temporarily at Toledo, where, in 1875, he was elected to congress from the Sixth district. He was appointed a member of the Potter committee, which investigated the manner in which the presidential election of 1876 had been conducted in the " disputed states," South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. Subsequently he removed to Cincinnati, where he died. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.—For a sketch of the life of Rutherford B. Hayes, the twenty-third governor of Ohio elected by the people and elected to succeed himself, and also elected to succeed William Allen, the reader is referred to that portion of this work which is devoted to the lives of the presidents of the United States. EDWARD FOLLANSBEE NOYES, twenty-fourth governor of Ohio elected by the people, was born in Haverhill, Mass., October 3, 1832. His parents, Theodore and Hannah Noyes, both died before he was three years old, and he was reared by his grandparents, Edward and Hannah Stevens, who resided at East Kingston, Rockingham county, N. H. His grandfather Stevens having died, he was taken when twelve years of age by his guardian, Joseph Hoyt, of Newton, N. H. For two years he GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 155 worked on his guardian's farm in summer and attended schools in winter, and at fourteen he was apprenticed to the printer's trade in the office of the Morning Star at Dover, N. H., the organ of the Free Will Baptist church. In this office he remained four years. Though his apprenticeship required him to remain until he was twenty-one, yet his employer released him at eighteen, in order that he might secure an education. He prepared himself for college at the academy at Kingston, N. H., and entered Dartmouth college in 1853, graduating at that institution in 1857. In the winter of his senior year he began to read law in the office of Stickney & Tuck at Exeter, N. H., and before leaving Dartmouth he had become really an abolitionist. Being a good speaker, he was appointed by the republican state executive committee of New Hampshire to traverse the state in the interest of Gen. John C. Fremont for the presidency. The next winter he entered the law office of Tilden, Raridan & Curwen, and attended lectures on law at the Cincinnati Law school during the winter of 1857-58, being admitted to the bar during the latter year, and not long afterward established himself in a profitable practice. Giving attention to the political crises then impending, he became convinced that secession, if accomplished, would finally disrupt the Union, and on the 8th of July, 1861, converted his law office into a recruiting station, and was commissioned major of the Thirty-ninth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry. On August 20, 1861, the Twenty-seventh and the Thirty-ninth regiments were transferred from the eastern to the western army, the latter being officered as follows: John Groesbeck, colonel; A. W. Gilbert, lieut. colonel, and, as stated above, Edward F. Noyes, major. Early in 1862 this latter regiment joined the army of the Mississippi, then commanded by Gen. Pope, and took part in the capture of New Madrid and Island No. io. From that time until Gen. Pope was assigned to the command of the Potomac, Maj. Noyes was on that general's staff, and when the colonel and lieutenant-colonel of the Thirty-ninth, as named above, resigned, Maj. Noyes was commissioned colonel, and took command of his regiment in October, 1862. In 1864 his regiment was one of those composing the First division of the Seventeenth army corps, and on July 4, of that year, took part in the assault on Ruff's Mill, in which he was shot in the leg, which had to be amputated on the field of battle. The operation not proving successful, the colonel was taken to Cincinnati, and operated on by Dr. W. H. Mussey, and in the following October he reported for duty to Gen. Hooker, who assigned him to the command of Camp Dennison. Upon the recommendation of Gen. Sherman he was promoted to the full rank of brigadier. He was soon afterward elected city solicitor of Cincinnati, and in 1871 was elected governor of Ohio by a majority of 20,000, while at the election of 1873, when he was again a candidate, he was defeated by an adverse majority of Boo. In the presidential campaign of 1876 he was an active participant, and was later appointed by his old friend, President Hayes, minister to France. He remained in Paris four years, in the meantime, however, making an extensive tour through the countries along the Mediterranean sea for the purpose of investigating the condition of the laboring classes, making an able report to the government. He resigned in 1881 and resumed his law practice in Cincinnati. He was very enthusiastic and cheerful in his disposition, and kindly in his manner. In February, 1863, on a leave of absence, he married Miss Margaret W. Proctor, at Kingston, N. H., with whom he became acquainted while in the academy in his youthful days. He died September 4, 1890, nearly fifty-eight years of age. 156 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO. WILLIAM ALLEN, twenty-fifth governor of Ohio elected by the people, was born in Edenton, Chowan county, N. C., in 1807. His parents both died within a few months of each other before he was one year old, and he was cared for by an only sister, who soon afterward removed with her husband to Lynchburg, Va., taking young William with her. This sister was the wife of an itinerant Methodist minister and the mother of Hon. Allen G. Thurman. She was a very superior woman, and was well fitted for the task of rearing two of Ohio's distinguished statesmen, whose names are given above. About 1821 Mrs. Thurman, with her husband and family, removed to Chillicothe, Ohio, leaving her brother to attend an academy at Lynchburg, Va., but he rejoined her two years later, and attended the academy in Chillicothe, and later read law in the office of Edward King, the most gifted son of Rufus King, of Revolutionary fame, and a popular statesman for many years. Having been admitted to the bar in his twentieth year, he became a partner of his preceptor, and early in his career manifested that forensic ability to which he was mainly indebted for his success. This, together with his tall, commanding figure and powerful, penetrating voice, attracted people to him, the latter giving him the name of the " Ohio Gong," and all together secured his nomination to congress, he being elected by the democrats in 1832, in a Whig district, by a majority of one vote. While he was the youngest man in the Twenty-third congress, yet he was recognized as a leading orator, taking part in the most important discussions in that body. In January, 1837, on what was called " Saint Jackson's Day," at a supper given in Columbus, Ohio, he made a speech which unexpectedly led to his election to the United States senate, to succeed Hon. Thomas Ewing. He remained in the senate twelve years, or until 1849, during which time he was at the full measure of his powers. In 1845 Senator Allen married Mrs. Effie (McArthur) Coons, a daughter of ex-Gov. McArthur, who had been, in 183o, elected governor of Ohio. She inherited from her father the old homestead, " Fruit Hill " farm, upon which Gov. Allen resided with his only daughter, Mrs. Scott, his wife having died in Washington soon after the birth of her daughter. In August, 1873, Mr. Allen was elected governor of Ohio, being the only man on the democratic ticket not defeated. As governor he recommended the reduction of taxation and economy instate affairs. He was the first democratic governor of Ohio after the war, and though his administration gave general satisfaction, he was defeated with the rest of the democratic ticket in 1875. It has been said of him that he originated the political catch-word, " Fifty-four forty, or fight," in reference to the boundary question between the United States and the British dominions, from which position the democratic party so ignominiously backed down. Gov. Allen died at Fruit Hill farm in 1879. He was a man of high character, cordial manners, and above all political chicanery of every kind, and his name will long be an honored one in American history. THOMAS L. YOUNG, ex-officio governor of Ohio, succeeding to the office by the election of Gov. R. B. Hayes to the presidency of the United States, taking possession of the office in February, 1877, was born December 14, 1832, on the estate of Lord Dufferin in the north of Ireland. Of Lord Dufferin it may perhaps be permissible, parenthetically, to remark that as governor-general of Canada, in 1874, he made a remarkable report on the loyalty of the peo- GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 157 ple of Canada to the British government, which appeared to him so " wholesome and satisfactory." This estate of Lord Dufferin was in Down county, Ireland. When Mr. Young was twelve years old his parents brought him to this country, and he was educated in the common schools of New York city. When he was sixteen years old he enlisted in the regular army, serving in all ten years. At the expiration of his enlistment he visited the home of his parents, in the northern part of Pennsylvania, on one of the upper tributaries of the Susquehanna river, where he engaged in the business of country merchant until 1859, when he removed to Cincinnati, and took charge of the house of refuge, a youths' reformatory institution, which position he retained until the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion. Having, while in the regular army, spent several years among the people of the south, he knew that they had determined upon war, and in March, 1861, he wrote to Gen. Scott, whom he personally knew, offering to assist in organizing volunteers for the defense of the government. Gen. Scott thanked him for his loyalty, but expressed his incredulity as to the southern people entertaining any such purpose. In August, 1861, Mr. Young was commissioned a captain in Gen. Fremont's body guard, serving in that capacity until the following January, when that organization was disbanded by Gen. Halleck. For some months afterward Capt. Young was engaged in editing a democratic paper in Sidney, Ohio, in which he severely condemned the indecision manifested in the conduct of the war. In August, 1862, he was appointed to raise a company for the One Hundred and Eighteenth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, and became the first major of the regiment. In February, 1863, he was promoted to lientenant-colonel, and commanded his regiment in the Tennessee campaign. In April, 1864, he was commissioned colonel of his regiment and served as such until the 4th of September following, when he was honorably discharged on account of physical disability resulting from his services and exposures in the field. At the battle of Resaca, Ga., Col. Young led the first charge on the enemy's works, the severity of the contest being indicated by the fact that he lost 116 men out of 270 engaged. For this and other acts of bravery the president brevetted him brigadier-general of volunteers, March, 13, 1865. Upon leaving the service he engaged in the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in April, 1865, being in the same month appointed assistant city auditor of Cincinnati. In October, 1865, he was elected to the Ohio house of representatives for Hamilton county, and in December, 1868, was appointed, by President Johnson, supervisor of internal revenue for the southern district of Ohio. This position he resigned at the end of one year. For some time afterward he was engaged in the purchase and sale of real estate, and in 1871 was the only republican elected to the state senate from Hamilton county. In 1873 he formed a law partnership with Gen. H. B. Banning and Jacob McGarry, and in 1875 he was elected lieutenant-governor. Upon the resignation of Gov. Hayes he became governor, serving the remainder of the term. In 1878 he was elected to congress by the republicans of the second district, and died July 19, 1888, thoroughly admired for his integrity of character and manliness. RICHARD M. BISHOP, the twenty- sixth governor of Ohio, was born November 4, 1812, in Fleming county, Ky. His parents, who were of German and English lineage, removed from Virginia in 1800. They were members of the regular Baptist church, of which he also became a member in 1828. 158 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO. At this lime the Baptist churches in Kentucky were greatly excited in consequence of the criticisms made by Mr. Campbell, and his co-laborers, upon. the religious corruption of the age. This excitement continued to increase in the immediate neighborhood of the Bishop family until 1832, when they and others were excluded from the Baptist church on account of " Campbellite heresy." Since then Mr. Bishop has been associated with the church of' the Disciples or Christians. Mr. Bishop began his business career in Fleming county, Ky., at the age of seventeen, and before he was twenty-one he became a partner in the store which he had entered as a clerk. From 1838 to 1841 he was engaged with his brother in the pork business, which proved unfortunate in consequence of the sudden depression in prices, and the failure of the Mississippi banks, in which state they sold largely. They were compelled to suspend, but this temporary embarrassment did not discourage him, for he soon resumed business in the same place, where he continued until 1847. He then removed to Mount Sterling, Kentucky, where he established a branch house, his brother remaining at the old stand. In 1848 he removed to Cincinnati and commenced the wholesale grocery business under the style of Bishop, Wells & Co. This firm continued until 1855, when the business was reorganized and conducted under the firm name of R. M. Bishop & Co. The firm was composed of himself and three sons, and at one time did the largest business in the city, the sales amounting in some years to nearly $5,000,000. In April, 1857, he was nominated for council in the Second ward and was elected by a large majority. At the end of the second year he was elected presiding officer. In 1859 he was elected mayor of Cincinnati by a handsome majority, holding the same office until 1861, when he declined the renomination tendered him by each of the political parties. In January, 1860, when the Union was threatened by the leaders of the Rebellion, the legislatures of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Tennessee visited Cincinnati to encourage each other to stand by the old flag. At a grand reception given them at Pike's opera house, Mayor Bishop delivered an address of welcome amid a storm of applause. In the September ensuing his Royal Highness, the. Prince of Wales, visited Cincinnati at the invitation of the mayor and received from him a cordial welcome. In February, 1861, when President Lincoln was passing on his way to his inauguration through Cincinnati, he was received in a speech by the mayor. During his administration the laws were rigidly enforced, of which the Sunday ordinance, and those against gambling houses, were notable examples. Liquor selling and various other forms of Sabbath desecration were in the main suppressed. He inaugurated, amid much opposition, most important reforms in the management of the city prison, work-house and the police. Mr. Bishop has become widely known for his liberality and devotion to the Christian church. From 1859 to 1867 he was president of the Ohio State Missionary society, and was the successor of the late Dr. Alexander Campbell in the presidency of the general Christian Missionary conference, which office he held until 1875. He was president of the board of curators of Kentucky university from its organization until 1880, when he declined a reelection; he was also one of the curators of Bethany college; also for many years trustee of the McMicken university. He was director of the First National bank for many years, and of several other business enterprises, as well as philanthropic institutions. He was a member of the Ohio state constitutional convention held in 1873 and 1874, and was presi- GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 159 dent of the great national commercial convention held in Baltimore in 1871. He was one of the prime movers in that great enterprise, the Southern railway, the building of which he so successfully managed, having been a trustee from the beginning, and the laborious work of obtaining charters for the road is largely his. In 1877 he was elected governor of Ohio by a majority of nearly 23,000 over the dominant party, and served two years with entire satisfaction to all parties. His first annual message was well received and complimented by the press generally. Upon his return to Cincinnati he was given a cordial and enthusiastic reception at Lytle hall, where a large number of ladies and gentlemen had assembled to welcome him home. Since the expiration of his term as governor he has been urged by his friends to accept the nomination for various important offices, but always declined. Few men in the state can point to so many substantial benefits conferred upon society as the results of their single labors. Prompt decision, constant industry, sound judgment, and a desire to benefit his fellow-men, are his chief characteristics. CHARLES FOSTER, twenty-seventh governor of Ohio elected by the people, was born in Seneca county, Ohio, April 12, I 828. His parents, Charles W. Foster and wife, the latter of whom was a daughter of John Crocker, were from Massachusetts, reaching Seneca county, Ohio, in 1827. Charles Foster received only a common-school education, and went to Rome, now Fostoria, Ohio, when he was fourteen years old, where he was compelled to take charge of his father's store, and thus failed to secure a liberal education, which his father intended he should receive, and for which he had prepared himself at the Norwalk seminary. His success in the management of the store was very marked, and he soon became sole manager. The town of Fostoria, named from the Foster family, was the result of the consolidation of Rome and Risdon, which lay but a mile or two apart. In 1870 Mr. Foster was induced to accept the nomination for congress at the hands of the republicans of his district, and he was elected by a majority of 776 over Hon. E. F. Dickinson. In 1872 he was again elected to congress by a majority of 726 over Rush R. Sloane. In 1874 he was elected by a majority of 159 over Hon. George E. Seney, and in 1876 he was elected by a majority of 271. In 1878, the democratic party having secured a majority of the state legislature, in order to defeat Mr. Foster most outrageously gerrymandered his district, and he was defeated by a majority of 1,255. In 1879 he was elected governor of Ohio over Hon. Thomas Ewing, by a plurality of 17,129, and in 1881 he was again elected, by a plurality of 24,309, over John W. Buchwalter. Upon the death of the secretary of the United States treasury, William Windom, Mr. Foster was appointed his successor by President Harrison, February 27, 1891, and served until the close of the Harrison administration, March 4, 1893. The successful adjustment of the four and one-half per cent. loan was one of the notable events of his first year's administration of the treasury department of the government. Of the $50,869,200 of the four and one-half per cent.. bonds, July I, 1891, $25,364,500 were presented for continuance at two per cent., the rest being called in for redemption. No other financial officer of the general government has ever negotiated a public loan at so low rate of interest. Since retiring from the national treasury, Mr. Foster has been engaged in arranging his own financial 160 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO. affairs, which were thrown into confusion, while he was in public office by those whom he had trusted. GEORGE HOADLY, who was the twenty-eighth governor of Ohio, was born in New Haven, Conn., July 31, 1826. He is the only son of George and Mary Ann (Woolsey) Hoadly. Mary Ann Woolsey was a daughter of William Walton and Elizabeth (Dwight) Woolsey of New York, and she was a great-granddaughter of Jonathan Edwards, the famous New England theologian. She was a niece of President Dwight of Yale college, and the eldest daughter in a family containing among its members President Woolsey of Yale college. Theodore Winthrop was her nephew and Sarah Woolsey, known in literature as " Susan Coolidge," her niece. George Hoadly, Sr., was at one time mayor of New Haven, Conn., removed in 1830 to Cleveland, Ohio, and resided there the remainder of his life, serving as mayor of that city five terms, from 1832 to 1837, and again one term, 1846-47. George Hoadly, the subject of this sketch, received his preliminary education in Cleveland, and when fourteen years old was sent to the Western Reserve college at Hudson, Ohio, where he was graduated in 1844. He then spent one year in the Harvard law school under the tuition of Judge Story and Prof. Simon Greenleaf, and after studied a year with Charles C. Conyers, of Zanesville, Ohio, then removed to Cincinnati and entered the office of Chase & Ball as a student. He was admitted to practice in 1847 and in 1849 became a member of the firm of Chase, Ball & Hoadly, the senior member of which was Salmon P. Chase. In 1851 he was elected judge of the supreme court of Cincinnati, and in 1853 formed a co-partnership with Edward Mills. In 1855-56 he was city solicitor of Cincinnati, and in 1859 succeeded Judge W. Y. Gholson as judge of the new superior court, holding this office until 1866, when he resigned, in order to form the firm of Hoadly, Jackson & Johnson. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1873-74, and served as chairman of the committee on municipal cDrporations. For eighteen years he was professor in the law school at Cincinnati, trustee of the university, and of the Cincinnati museum. He was one of the counsel in behalf of the board of education in its famous case of resistance to the attempt to compel Bible reading in the public schools, in which the victory was with the board. Originally a democrat, he left that party and became a republican on the question of slavery, but during the campaign of 1876 supported Tilden as against Hayes. In 1877 he appeared as counsel before the electoral commission and argued in favor of the democratic electors from Florida and Oregon. In 1880 he was temporary chairman of the democratic national convention which nominated W. S. Hancock for president. In 1883 he was elected governor of Ohio, and in March, 1887, he removed to New York city, became the head of a law firm there, and has resided there ever since. In 1851 he married Mary Burnet Perry, third daughter of Capt. Samuel Perry, one of the earliest settlers of Cincinnati. He and his wife have had three children, viz: George, Laura and Edward Mills. JOSEPH BENSON FORAKER, ex-governor of Ohio and United States senator, elect, was born near Rainsborough, Highland county, Ohio, July 5, 1846. His parents, who are still living, represent the GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 161 agricultural class of the population of this country, and upon their farm he spent his earlier years. When the war of the Rebellion broke out young Foraker enlisted in company A, Eighty-ninth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, being then but sixteen years of age. With this regiment he served until after the fall of Atlanta, at which time, by successive promotions, he had risen to the rank of first lieutenant. Immediately after the fall of Atlanta he was detailed for service in the signal corps as a signal officer on the staff of Maj.-Gen. Slocum, commanding the left wing of the army of Georgia. After the marches through Georgia and the Carolinas he was promoted brevet captain of United States volunteers, and assigned to duty as aid-de-camp on the staff of Gen. Slocum, holding this position until he was mustered out of service at the close of the war. Returning home and resuming his studies, he graduated from Cornell university, Ithaca, N. Y., in 1869. To gain time lost while in the service of his country in the army he read law while attending the university, and was admitted to the bar in Cincinnati, October 14, 1869, and he at once began in that city the practice of his profession. He was married October 4, 187o, to Miss Bulia Bundy, a daughter of Hon. H. S. Bundy, of Wellston, Ohio, and they have five children, two sons and three daughters. In April, 1879, he was elected judge of the superior court of Cincinnati, Ohio, and held this position until May t, 1882, when he resigned on account of ill health. Recovering his health he resumed the practice of the law in Cincinnati, and in 1883 was nominated for governor of Ohio, but was defeated by his opponent, Judge George Hoadly. In 1884 he was a delegate to the national convention of the republicans which met in Chicago, and as chairman of the Ohio delegation, placed Hon. John Sherman in nomination before the convention for the presidency. In 1885 he was again a candidate for governor of Ohio, and this time was elected, defeating his former opponent, Judge Hoadly, and in 1887 he was re-elected governor of the state. In 1888 he was again a delegate to the republican national convention and was again chairman of the Ohio delegation, placing Hon. John Sherman again in nomination before the convention for the presidency of the United States. In 1889 he was again nominated for governor of Ohio, but through the persistent cry of " third term-ism " he was defeated by James E. Campbell. In January, 1892, he was a candidate for United States senator, receiving thirty-eight votes, but was defeated by Senator John Sherman. That year he was a delegate at large to the national republican convention, which met at Minneapolis, serving in that body as chairman of the committee on resolutions. The state convention held at Zanesville, May 28, 1895, unanimously endorsed him as the republican candidate for United States senator to succeed Hon. Calvin S. Brice, whose term of office expired March 4, 1897, and at the November election, 1895, a republican legislature was chosen by a majority of nearly 100,, which was practically instructed by the people to elect Mr. Foraker to the position named above. In obedience to these instructions the legislature of the state on January 14, 1896, elected Mr. Foraker United States senator from Ohio, for six years from March 4, 1897, by a majority, on joint ballot, of eighty-five, the majority in the senate being twenty-three, and in the house of representatives being sixty-two, the entire legislative majority being, as stated, eighty-five. Mr. Foraker is, therefore, the people's choice for this high position, in which it is confidently predicted he will confer honor on his native state, even as he has had honor conferred upon him. 162 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO In his speech accepting the office Mr. Foraker used the following language : " I go there (to the United States senate) as a republican. I belong to that party. I believe in that party. I believe in its past ; I believe in its present ; I believe in its future. I believe it the most acceptable agency we can command in the administration of national affairs. I believe it is better calculated than any other political organization to contribute to the strength, power, dignity, happiness and glory of the American people." After speaking in favor of American marine interests and of the construction of the Nicaragua canal he then referred to financial questions as follows : " I believe in bi-metallism. I believe the world made a mistake when it demonetized silver. I sincerely hope some safe way may be found for the restoration of silver to its rightful place alongside of gold as a money of ultimate redemption. I shall favor every measure calculated in my judgment to bring about that result, subject always, however, to the condition that it provides for the maintenance of the parity of the two metals." JAMES EDWIN CAMPBELL, ex-governor of Ohio, was born in Middletown, Ohio, July 7, 1843.   He is a son of Dr. Andrew and Laura P. (Reynolds) Campbell, the former of Scotch and the latter of English descent. John P. Reynolds, the father of Mrs. Laura P. Campbell, was at one time a publisher of the state of New York, but later a resident of Madison, Ohio. The Reynolds family came originally from Devonshire, England. Jonathan Reynolds emigrated from Plympton Earl, in that country, in 1645, to America, taking up his residence near Plympton, in the colony of Massachusetts bay, and from Jonathan Reynolds Mr. Campbell is of the sixth generation. By another branch of his family on his mother's side he is a descendant of John Parker, who commanded the American troops at the battle of Lexington, the first battle of the American Revolution. Both his grandfathers were in the war of 1812. Upon reaching his maturity Mr. Campbell began reading law. In the summer of 1863 he became a master's mate on the gunboats Elk and Naiad, and took part in several engagements, but on account of ill health he was discharged at the end of one year's services. During the winter of 1864-65 he was a law student in the office of Doty & Gunckel at Middletown, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar in 1865. Beginning practice in 1867, he was elected prosecuting attorney of Butler county in 1875 and again in 1877. In 1879 he was defeated for the state senate by twelve votes. Up to 1872 he was a republican, but then voted for Greeley, and has since acted with the democrats. He was elected to the Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth and Fiftieth congresses, and in 1889 was elected governor of Ohio. In 1891 he was again a candidate, but was defeated by Maj. McKinley. In 1895 he was the third time a candidate, but was defeated by the present incumbent of the office, Hon. Asa S. Bushnell, by a plurality of 92,622 votes. On January 4, 1870, Mr. Campbell was married to Miss Libbie Owens, a daughter of Job E. and Mary A. (Price) Owens, the former of whom was a native of Wales, and the latter of Welsh descent.W WILLIAM McKINLEY, who succeeded James E. Campbell in the gubernatorial chair, and who served out a well-administered term of office, on retiring filled a higher position in the esteem of the people of Ohio than he had ever before enjoyed, and this measure of esteem was also supplemented by that of the people of the na- GOVERNORS OF OHIO - 163 tion at large, who, in November, 1896, elected him chief magistrate of the United States. In that portion of this volume devoted to the biographies of our presidents, that of Mr. McKinley is given in full, and to it the attention of the reader is respectfully invited. ASA S. BUSHNELL, governor of Ohio at the present time, is, without doubt and without qualification, one of the ablest men in the state. In many respects his career has been an exceptional one. His education and training have been those of a practical man of affairs, and to-day, at the age of sixty-two, having been born at Rome, Oneida county, N. Y., in 1834, he is one of the most clear-headed business men in the country. At the age of eleven he left his home in the Empire state, to begin his career in the Buckeye state, reaching Cincinnati in 1845, where he spent six years in the public schools, paying his own expenses by working out of school hours and in vacation seasons. At the end of the six years spent in Cincinnati he removed, in 185r, to Springfield, Ohio, in which city he has since lived and in which city he has acquired a princely fortune. His first three years in the " Champion City " were spent as a dry-goods clerk, during which time he became a thoroughly practical bookkeeper, and at their expiration he was given a position as bookkeeper with the old and well-known water-wheel firm of Leffel, Cook & Blakeney, which was even then doing an extensive business. This position he retained until 1857, when he formed a partnership with Dr. John Ludlow in the drug business, a partnership which lasted ten years, or until 1867. The only break in the continuity of his labors here was while he was engaged as captain of company E, One Hundred and Fifty-second Ohio volunteer infantry, in 1864, in the Shenandoah valley. Here his bravery and his kindly manner won for him the admiration of and made him very popular among his fellow-soldiers of the entire regiment. While he was in the army he was somewhat slight in build and light in weight, and he was not much given to physical exercise, while at the present time he is unusually active and weighs fully 200 pounds. In 1867 Capt. Bushnell purchased an interest in the large manufacturing firm of what is now known as the Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Co., of which the late Benjamin F. Warder was then the head, and of which the junior member was J. J. Glessner, now a prominent capitalist of Chicago. And it is in connection with this concern, which Mr. Bushnell has so long and so successfully managed, that he has made the fortune which he to-day possesses. Hon. Asa S. Bushnell has long been closely identified with the republican party in Ohio, though his attempt to become governor of the state was the first he ever made to Secure public office. He became chairman of the republican state executive committee in 1885, and from 1886 to 1890 he served the state as quartermaster-general, having been appointed by Gov. Foraker, who was largely instrumental in securing for him the nomination for governor in 1895, at Zanesville. In the fall of 1888 he was assaulted in the streets of Springfield by political enemies, and through that assault came near losing his life. This assault still remains a mystery, and no one has been brought to punishment. He was chosen as a delegate at large to the republican national convention which met at Minneapolis in 1892, and which nominated President Harrison for re-election, and on November 2, 1895, he was elected governor of Ohio by a plurality of 92,622, over Hon. James E. Campbell, the 164 - GOVERNORS OF OHIO. democratic candidate, this plurality being the largest ever given to a governor with the exception of that given Gov. John Brough, during the progress of the Civil war, when the soldiers at the front voted almost unanimously for Brough as against Vallandigham. He was inaugurated governor on January 13, 1896. In the affairs of the Grand Army of the Republic, Gov. Bushnell has long been a prominent participant, being a member of Mitchell post, of Springfield, Ohio. He is also an ardent Free Mason. Among other of Gov. Bushnell's benefactions may be mentioned the Ohio Masonic Home, which was in all probability preserved to Springfield by his unsolicited contribution of $10,000, at a time, too, when he was not a Mason. Dr. John Ludlow, with whom Mr. Bushnell, as a young man, found employment, had at that time a pretty daughter named Ellen, and these two young people were eventually married. Several children blessed the union, three of whom survive, as follows: Mrs. J. F. McGrew, Mrs. H. C. Dimond, and John Ludlow Bushnell, the latter of whom graduated with honors from Princeton in 1894. Mrs. Bushnell is an ideal woman in every relation. While she is a society woman, yet she is not so in the ordinary sense of the phrase, her principal strength lying in her domestic qualities. Her two daughters are as happily married as is she herself. Mrs. McGrew is the wife of one of Springfield's most promising young attorneys, and is the mother of two children, Ellen and Fanny, while Mrs. Dimond is the wife of a prominent young physician and also the mother of two children, Asa Bushnell and Douglas Marquand Dimond. Brief reference can be made to the inaugural address of Gov. Bushnell. Among other things he commended was the proposition of home rule or local option in matters pertaining, to taxation—which means that counties should provide their own systems of taxation for their necessary expenses; that double taxation should be avoided, and that such taxation as is necessary should be distributed as to lighten the burden of government, and so as to retain and attract capital to the state. He also favored a purchasing board for state institutions, and the providing of some means by which the state could supply employment to such of its prisoners as are now compelled to remain perpetually idle. He also favored the limitation by statute of local indebtedness to ten per cent of the tax duplicate, and in closing said: "Time only can tell how much or how little I shall merit your commendation, but it will be my constant aim and purpose to serve you as faithfully and as wisely as there is light given me to show the path of right, and I shall ever remember that I am the servant of the people." PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES. HON. GEORGE W. CROUSE, manufacturer, was born at Tallmadge, Ohio, November 23, 1832, the son of George and Margaret H. (Robinson) Crouse. His grandfather, who was of German descent, was killed in battle, fighting for American independence. The maternal line is of Irish extraction, the ancestry emigrating from the north of Ireland. George W. Crouse was one of a family of ten children, his father being a hard-working farmer. His early years were spent on the farm, attending the common district school in the winter months, until he was seventeen years of age, when he was enabled to secure a position as teacher in a school, and taught five successive winter terms. He had become very proficient in mathematics, and in November, 1855, Mr. Sisler, a friendly neighbor, having been elected county treasurer, offered him a position as deputy treasurer in his office at Akron. His peculiar fitness and diligent, conscientious performance of his duties made him many warm friends, and in addition to his duties as deputy treasurer he was made deputy county auditor; in 1858 he was elected county auditor, and re-elected in 1860. A short time prior to the expiration of his second term a vacancy occurred in the treasurer's office, whereupon the county commissioner appointed him treasurer. The A. & G. Railway (now the Erie) having been completed to Akron, Mr. Crouse accepted a position as its agent at Akron, doing this work in addition to his work as treasurer. In 1863 C. Aultman & Co., of Canton, determined to build a branch factory at Akron, and Mr. Crouse was tendered the financial management of the enterprise, which he accepted, and with J. R. Buchtel erected the large manufacturing establishment known as the Buckeye works, he wholly attending to the financial management. This was the initial manufacturing establishment of Akron, and to Mr. Crouse's ability as a manager of men, his sagacity and promptness in the discharge of his many duties, is largely due the success of the Buckeye Mower and Reaper works, one of the largest in the land. In 1865 a stock company was formed, he being made secretary and treasurer, continuing as such until 1885, when he became its president, continuing as such up to the present time. The Buckeye Mower and Reaper works have made over 200,000 machines, and was one of the factors that contributed largely to the success of the Union arms in the Civil war, supplying the place of the young men that went out in 166 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD the defense of the flag by its labor-saving machinery. In politics Mr. Crouse has always been an active republican, and as chairman of the county central committee, and other positions influential in and one of the leaders in the party. In 1872 he was elected county commissioner, serving one term. He was a member of the city council of Akron and served as its president; as a member and president of the board of education, he has always taken a deep interest in educational matters, and is one of the trustees of Buchtel College, and the donor to the college of the gymnasium that bears his name, " Crouse Gymnasium." In 1885 he was elected to the state senate and served with honor one term. In 1886 he was elected to represent the Akron district in the Fiftieth congress. In that congress he served on the committee on commerce and the committee on war claims, that grew out of the war of the Rebellion. His marked business capacity and experience specially fitted him to this laborious and delicate duty, and he brought to its performance the painstaking fidelity that has marked his business career, making him a most useful member of that body. In 1863, and for a number of years following, he was secretary of what was known as the Akron Board of Trade, an informal organization of the best citizens to encourage the location of manufacturing in this thriving, busy city. He has assisted directly as stockholder or indirectly with his influence, the Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing company, the Akron Rubber works, the Thomas Phillips Company Paper Mill, the Akron Iron Company, Woolen & Felt Company, the Diamond Match works, the stove works, the Selle Gear works, and various other successful enterprises, which have received an impetus from the organizing and clear-sighted business ability of Mr. Crouse. In 1870 he assisted in organizing the Bank of Akron, and from that time until 1889 he was its president. October 18, 1859, Mr. Crouse married Martha K., daughter of Edward and Clementine (Kingsley) Parsons, of Brimfield, Ohio. This union has brought them five children. Mrs. Crouse is a lady that exerts a strong home influence quietly and without ostentation, commanding the highest regard of those with whom she may be thrown in contact, and devoted to the happiness and best interests of her family, and dispensing the liberal hospitalities of their home. It has been by no fortuitous circumstances that Mr. Crouse has reached his honorable position, but the result of assiduous attention to duties, strict integrity in all business relations, an ability to control and command the respect of his fellow citizens, kindness to, and consideration for, the large number of men in his employ, a public speaker able to command by his presence and familiarity with questions of public interest the respectful attention of any audience, generous and affable, ever having in view the best interests and advancement of mankind, he has ever been ready to respond to all demands that charity makes upon him, having been a liberal contributor to the erection of every church and charitable enterprise in his city, and he is held in the highest regard by his fellow-countrymen, and the declining years of his life will bear rich fruit for the benefit of mankind. FRANK ADAMS, one of the oldest, and who, for years, was one of the most prominent business men of Akron, Ohio, and one whose early connection with the industries of the city has aided in making it what it is to-day, was born in Windsor county, Vt., July 5, 1819, a son of Benjamin and Betsey (Crowley) Adams, who were natives OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 167 of Massachusetts, but were taken in early childhood, by their parents, to Vermont, where their marriage took place. Some years after marriage, Benjamin Adams brought his family to Ohio and settled in Akron, about 1838, where his death occurred November 22, 1849, and that of his widow about twenty years later. Frank Adams received a very good common-school education and early developed a talent for business. He was about eighteen years of age when he accompanied his parents to Akron, and with them he remained until he had about attained his majority, when he entered the employ of his brother-in-law, Samuel. Manning, who was engaged in map publishing, and two years later formed a partnership with him in the same business, under the firm name of Manning & Co. A year later a Mr. Eggleston bought out the interest of Mr. Manning, and the style of the firm was changed to Adams & Eggleston. In March, 1849, Mr. Adams was appointed postmaster at Akron by President Zachary Taylor, and filled the office with great ability and to the satisfaction of the public until May, 1853, when, for political reasons, he was removed, the rule with political parties at that day being "To the victor belong the spoils." Mr. Adams then engaged as a dealer in hats, etc. , which he profitably conducted until burned out, April 30, 1855. He next engaged in the manufacture of sewer pipe, later became president of the Akron Sewer Pipe company, and continued in this line of business until 1886, when he retired. Mr. Adams was a member of the Akron board of trade, was president of the Akron Water Works company, and was financially and officially connected with many of the industrial enterprises of the city. During the dark period of the war of the late Rebellion, Mr. Adams was a firm friend of the Union, was a member of the Middlebury (Summit county) Military committee, was treasurer of the Soldiers' Relief Fund, and also contributed liberally of his own means in assisting the government to maintain the integrity of its flag. Mr. Adams was first married January 21, 1846, to Miss Sarah Hyde Gale, but this lady was called away January I I, 1863, leaving two daughters—now Mrs. Julia Latham and Mrs. Mary Perkins. The second marriage of Mr. Adams was solemnized September 12, 1863, with Mrs. Janetta L. Murphy, and this happy union has been blessed, also, with two children—Frank H., now cashier of the First National Bank of Akron, and Zella M. The long identity of Mr. Adams with the business, industrial and financial institutions of Akron has made his name a household word, and there is now probably no man living who has taken a deeper interest in the material development, and religious, moral and educational progress of the city than he. His name stands without a blemish or reproach, his business integrity has never been in the slightest degree put to question, and " None knew him but to love him; none knew him but to praise," will be quoted in his memory when the time shall have come for him to join " the universal caravan," which, in the course of nature, it must, but which, it is the heartfelt prayer of all who know his worth, will be deferred for many a long year yet to come. WILLIAM HENRY ADAMS, of Akron, may well be classed as among the leading liverymen of northeastern Ohio. He was born in Manchester, Summit county, July 15, 1848, the fifth of a family of six children who blessed the union of Daniel and Mary (Shook) Adams, natives of Pennsylvania, who settled in Summit county, Ohio, prior to 1830, and 168 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD now reside on a farm near Manchester. The father was a stonemason by trade, but purchased a farm and retired to the peaceful pursuit of agriculture. William H. Adams was educated in the common schools of his district, which he attended until fourteen years of age, and then began learning the plasterer's trade under his father, and continued this trade until 1882; he next carried on the butchering business for two years, and then farmed for about seven years, when he came to Akron, and for three years traveled for the Columbian Medicine company. On severing his connection with this company he engaged in the livery business in the Empire barn, one of the oldest livery stands in this city, as well as one of the best appointed barns in the county. For twenty-five years Mr. Adams has been manufacturing " Adams' Eureka Liniment," for man and beast, which secures a ready sale. Mr. Adams was married, in 1868, to Miss Lavina E. Workinger, daughter of Emanuel Workinger, and this union has been blessed with two daughters—Jennie and Mabel. In politics Mr. Adams is a democrat, and Mrs. Adams is a member of the Reformed church. Mr. Adams is a popular and genial gentleman, is accommodating to his patrons, and on all occasions manifests a disposition to please, and prosperity has been the reward of his fair and liberal methods in transacting his business. ROBERT HENRY ALLEN, one of the largest farmers and most respected citizens of Stowe township, Summit county, Ohio, springs from sterling Scotch-Irish ancestry. John Allen, grandfather of subject, was born in county Antrim, Ireland, was the father of six children William, Alexander, George, Robert, John and Jane—lived to be an aged man, and died in Antrim, a member of the Presbyterian church. George Allen, father of Robert Henry, was born in Antrim in March, 1799, received a common education and learned the paper-maker's trade, serving seven years as an apprentice. He married, in county Antrim, Elizabeth Harper, a daughter of Andrew Harper, who was a turner by trade and had been a soldier in the English army. George Allen came to America with his family in 1832 and landed in New York, but settled in Lee, Mass., and followed papermaking until he came to Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, in 1836, and worked in the papermaking business for years, or until he retired, and bought a farm of eighty acres where George L. Allen now lives, and here passed his remaining days. Mrs. Allen was a member of the Episcopal church; fraternally, Mr. Allen was a Knight Templar and in politics was a republican. He was industrious and honorable and much respected man, was law abiding, and highly esteemed where known. He and wife were parents of Jane, Andrew H., John M., Robert H., William A., George L., Julia, Mary, Alexander, and a Mary who died on the ocean, aged two years. Robert Henry Allen was born December 25, 1832, in Lee, Mass., and came to Cuyahoga Falls with his father in 1836, when four years old. He received his education in the schools of Cuyahoga Falls, here learned carriage making and followed this business for himself in Cuyahoga Falls for twenty years, employing a good-sized force of men. In 1874 he moved on a farm of fifty acres between Akron and Cuyahoga Falls, lived there about eight years, then moved to Akron in 1882, and engaged in carriage and wagon-making one year, and then sold out to his son, Andrew Harper Allen. Mr. Allen then bought 170 acres of land in Stowe town- OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 169 ship, and added to it until he owned 600 acres. He was always a very thrifty man and a good manager and owes his success to his steadiness of purpose and accuracy. Mr. Allen married, October 3, 1855, in Cuyahoga Falls, Mary Phylura Cochran, who was born July 18, 1837, in Cuyahoga Falls, a daughter of John M. and Jane (Sample) Cochran. John M. Cochran was born at Calcutta, Ohio, June 20, 1775, a descendant of an old Scotch-Irish colonial family. He was a blacksmith and married, November 24, 1814, Jane Sample, of Beaver county, Pa., but born, August I I, 1792, in county Tyrone, Ireland. Mr. and Mrs. Cochran's family moved to Cuyahoga Falls—the old village—about 1827, and lived there many years, and carried on a large blacksmith shop and prospered. Mr. Cochran was one of the best steel workers in Ohio and a skillful manipulator of edged tools, and people came even from Pittsburg for his work. The children born to himself and wife were Eliza A., Thomas M., Margaret, Joseph (died aged three years), James Sample, Sarah J., Samuel G. and Mary Phylura. Mr. Cochran retired in later life to Akron, Ohio, and lived to be over eighty years of age. He was a man of high character, very hardworking and industrious, and much respected, and reared an excellent family. The Samples were Scotch-Irish. James Sample was born in county Tyrone, Ireland, of a wealthy family. He married in Ireland and came to America in 1795 and settled in Beaver county, Pa., was a pioneer and taught school for years, and died in West Middlesex, Mercer county, Pa., a member of the Presbyterian church. Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Allen now reside on one of his farms in Stowe township. The children are Andrew H., Marina (deceased), William A. and Arthur M. Mrs. Allen is a member of the Episcopal church, and in politics Mr. Allen is a republican, was one of the founders of the party in Summit county, and voted for John C. Fremont and Abraham Lincoln. He cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Scott. Fraternally he is a Mason and a member of Starr lodge, at Cuyahoga Falls. Mr. Allen is a self-made man and has made his way through life by close adherence to the rules of strict probity, industry and thrift, learned in his early youth and manhood. WILLISTON ALLING, county recorder of Summit county, Ohio, and an ex-soldier of the Civil war, was born in Vienna township, Trumbull county, Ohio, October 26, 1842, a son of Jonathan and Maria (Clark) Ailing, natives of Connecticut, who early came to Ohio, and passed the remainder of their lives in Trumbull county. Williston Ailing was but twelve years of age when he came to Summit county, and for three years lived with an uncle in Northampton township, working on a farm during the summers and attending the district schools during the winters. From Northampton township he came to Tallmadge township, and was employed in farm work until August, 1862, when he enlisted in company I, One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio volunteer infantry, and served for three and one-half years—the last six months of this period being passed on detached duty—that is, from June, 1865, until December, 1865—when he was honorably discharged. After the war Mr. Ailing returned to Tallmadge township and engaged in contracting and building. Being a stanch republican and very popular with his party, he was elected a justice of the peace and filled the office in an able and satisfactory manner for twenty-one years; he was for many years, also, a member of the school board, and in the spring of 1896 170 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD was nominated for the office of county recorder, was triumphantly elected in November, and assumed the duties of the office September 7, 1897, when he relinquished his contracting and building operations. The marriage of Mr. Alling took place in 1867 to Emilie A. Carter, a native of Brimfield, Portage county, Ohio, and a daughter of Horatio L. and Julia A. (Lyon) Carter, natives of Massachusetts, and this marriage has been blessed with six children, viz: Julia M., Walter C., Ruth W., Fannie M., Mary E. and Edwin L. The Ailing family stand very high in the social circles of Tallmadge township, and individually Mr. Alling is highly esteemed for his personal merits. As a soldier he did his full duty, as a republican he has been faithful and active, and as a citizen he stands without reproach. GEORGE L. ALLEN, one of the old soldiers of the Civil war and a respected citizen of Cuyahoga Falls, was born in this city February 20, 1839, a son of George and Elizabeth (Harper) Allen—both born in Ireland. George Allen was born in 1799 in Antrim, Ireland, and was a paper maker by trade. He married, in Ireland, Elizabeth Harper. The children were Jane, Andrew, John (born in Ireland), Mary (died at sea), Robert, William, Julia, George L., Mary, Alexander, born in America, the parents having come to this country in 1832. George Allen first settled in Lee, Mass., and worked at the papermaking business four years and then, in 1836, came to Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, and worked in the paper mill. He was an industrious and hard working man, was careful and economical, and accumulated property, including eighty acres where the subject of this biography now lives. He lived to be about seventy-three years of age and died on his farm in 1872, an honored and upright man. Fraternally he was a knight templar Mason, having joined the order in Ireland when but twenty-one years of age. George L. Allen, was brought to the farm where he now lives when a child of four years, received a common education and was brought up a farmer. He enlisted at Cuyahoga Falls, July 28, 1862, for three years or during the war, in the One Hundred and Fourth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, was transferred, at Massillon, Ohio, to company G, One Hundred and Fifteenth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, and served until honorably discharged, at the close of the war, at Columbus, Ohio, June 22, 1865. He was in the battles of LaVergne, Tenn., and was taken prisoner December 5, 1864, by Hood's force and surrendered, with thirty others, to Gen. Forrest. He was taken to Meridian, Miss., and thence to Andersonville prison, was confined five months and was then sent to Vicksburg to be exchanged. The prisoners, being unable to travel, were left at Cahaba, Ala., for about two or three weeks, when, the war being closed, the Union troops took possession. When Mr. Allen enlisted he was a strong and very hardy man, weighing about 150 pounds, and did his full duty, actively and promptly. His severe privations during his imprisonment reduced him to only seventy-five pounds, and when released he was a mere skeleton, and was so sickened with chronic diarrhea that he could hardly walk about. Several of his comrades from Cuyahoga Falls, were unable to undegro the strain and died. On his return to Cuyahoga Falls, Mr. Allen was so much reduced, that his own mother did not know him, and it was ten years before hn even partially recovered. He settled on the home farm and married, October 20, 1875, in Cuyahoga Falls, Allie C. Blake, who was born in Columbus, Ohio, Au- OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 171 gust 8, [854, a daughter of William 0. and Louisa (Beach) Blake, of New England ancestry, formerly from England, where the family were shipbuilders. Mr. Blake was one of the proprietors of a large printing establishment in Columbus, Ohio, being a member of the firm of Osgood & Blake. Mr. and Mrs. Blake were the parents of two children—Alice E. and William A. Mrs. Blake died when Mrs. Allen was but four years old; Mr. Blake died in Columbus, Ohio, in September, 186. He bought a farm at Copley, Summit county, Ohio, where Mrs. Allen lived after the death of her mother until seven years. old, and then lived in Columbus. Mr. Blake was a member of the Episcopal church. He had attended school but six months in childhood, but was a man of education gained by his own efforts and teaching himself Greek after he was fifty years old. He was a publisher and writer of books and wrote books for the old firm of Miller Bros., publishers, of Columbus, Ohio. Among his works widely sold and read was the “History of the World." His nom-de-plume was Prescott. Mr. Blake descended from the famous naval officer—Admiral Blake, of England. Gen. Blake, of Mansfield, Ohio, an Englishman, was also of that family. Since their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Allen have lived on the home farm and have one son, Howard, who is a telephone inspector of Dayton, Ohio. Mr. Allen is a member of the G. -A. R., Eadie post, at Cuyahoga Falls. He is a war republican and cast his first vote for A. Lincoln. He is an honored citizen and for many years was a member of the school board. Mrs. Allen's grandmother, on her maternal side, was an Abernathy—a descendant of the famous Dr. Abernathy. The Aliens are Scotch-Irish. Mr. Allen is a member of the Ex-Union Prisoners' association. He was detailed orderly to general headquarters, Coving ton, Ky., in 1863, and was in Morgan's raid, and in September his horse fell on him, disabling his right leg, and he was in hospital at Covington, Ky., and nine months in Cincinnati and Cleveland. JOHN ANDES, a prominent farmer of Suffield township, was born in Randolph township, Portage county, Ohio, September 8, 1852, a son of Peter and Rosa (Horning) Andes. Peter Andes, the grandfather of subject, came from Germany to the United States in 1831 and settled in Randolph township, where he engaged in farming. He had four children, viz: Peter, father of our subject; Mary, widow of Joseph Schrader; John, who died in Germany, and Elizabeth, who died in Randolph county, the wife of John A. Knapp, also deceased. Peter and his wife were members of the Catholic church, and passed away in that faith. Peter Andes, the father of subject, is also a native of Germany, and in 1832 came to Portage county, settling on a farm on which he lived forty years, and then bought the farm now owned by his son John, the subject of this sketch. To his marriage with Miss Horning were born eleven children, eight of whom are still living, viz: Nicholas, Margaret, Peter, Mary (wife of Joseph Wise), John, Adam, Joseph and Elizabeth. The father is a democrat in politics, has served as supervisor, and in religion is a true Catholic, having served in all the secular offices of his church. He now resides in Randolph township, a highly respected citizen, but was bereaved of his wife, who died at the early age thirty-six years, a devout member of the Catholic church. John Andes passed his boyhood days on his father's farm, and was educated in a Catholic school. At the age of twenty-one he 172 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD engaged in farming on his own account, and June 5, 1877, he married, in Randolph township, Miss Odelia Paulus, a daughter of Joseph and Theresa (Gless) Paulus. Mr. Paulus was born in Germany March 25, 1830, a son of Andrew and Barbara (Hoerdt) Paulus, and in 1846 came to Ohio and settled in Suffield township, Portage county, where he is still engaged in farming. January 16, 1857, he first married Miss Eva Knapp, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Andes) Knapp, and to their marriage were born twelve children, of whom five died in infancy, the survivors being John, Lewis, Henry, Mary (wife of John May), Joseph, Frank and Julia. To his second marriage, which was to Miss Gless, was born Odelia, now Mrs. Andes. Andrew Paulus, grandfather of Mrs. Andes, was born February 1, 1795, and his wife, Barbara Hoerdt, was born August 2, 1807. They were married in Germany, their native country, in 1829, and came to America in 1846. Here Andrew died in February, 1877, at the age of eighty-two years and eleven days, his wife having preceded him to the grave in 1873, at the age of sixty-eight years, both dying in the faith of the Roman Catholic church. Of their five children, four lived to maturity, viz.: Joseph; Margaret, wife of Andrew Hart; Della, widow of Frederick Wolf; Augusta, wife of Wendell Earhart, and Francis A., who died January 6, 1897. at the cage of sixty-four years. Mrs. Joseph Paulus was born in Randolph township January 23, 1837, her parents having come from Germany in 1832. John Andes, our subject, has had born to him six children, of whom five are still living, viz: Cora, Frank, Augusta, Alfred and Clotilda. The deceased child bore the name of Leona and died March 20, 1894, at the age of six years and five months. The year of his marriage, 1877, Mr. Andes settled on his present farm, which he has placed under a high state of cultivation, and improved with every modern convenience. A democrat in politics, he has served as supervisor of his township three terms, and is still the incumbent of the office. Mr. Andes, now in the prime of life, is one of the most respected residents of Suffield township, and one of its most progressive and prosperous farmers. JOHNSON A. ARBOGAST, attorney at law and senior member of the well known firm of Arbogast & Esgate, room No. 3„Arcade building, Akron, Ohio, has been a resident of this city since 1883, haying first come as a student of Buchtel college. He is a native of Sidney, Shelby county, Ohio, was born June 30, 1863, and is a son of Allen and Lydia (Schobey) Arbogast, the former family coming from Virginia and the latter from New Jersey, both having been largely engaged in agricultural pursuits. OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 173 Cornelius Arbogast, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was a pioneer Universalist preacher, and for about forty years served in the ministry of that church in the counties of Clarke, Madison, Champaign and Shelby, Ohio, and was an eloquent and fervent exhorter and profound expounder of the gospel. Johnson A. Arbogast was reared on his father's farm, received his elementary education in the common schools, and his literary education at Buchtel college. He read law with W. D. Davies, of Sidney, Ohio, and after teaching school for three years--the last year in Marlboro, Stark county--was admitted to practice in 1888. He at once located in Akron, and for four years had his office with John J. Hall. In 1894 he formed his present partnership with Mr. Esgate, and since that time they have been successful in the general practice of their profession. Mr. Arbogast, however, has largely been retained in the administration of estates, and is now one of the assignees of the valuable Schumacher property. He has been exceptionally successful in this peculiar line, and in general practice has risen perhaps more rapidly than any other young member of the present bar of Summit county. In politics Mr. Arbogast is an ardent republican and takes an active part in promoting the success of his party. Fraternally, he is a member of Nemo lodge, No. 746, I. O. O. F., of Akron, in which he has passed all the chairs, and is also a member of Akron tent, K. O. T. M. Mr. Arbogast was united in marriage in Medina, Ohio, June 20, 1888, with Miss Lelia Badger, daughter of Joseph and Amanda Badger, and this union has been blessed with four children, viz: Hazel L., Gladys Y., Frederick A. and Doris. The parents are members of the Universalist church, and their home is at No. 112 Adams street, where Mr. Arbogast has erected a modern residence. Mr. Arbogast has by his own talents risen to his present position in his profession, having come to Akron without any means of importance and almost a stranger. THE AKRON CHEMICAL COMPANY, organized in 1889, was incorporated by E. G. Kubler, president; j. M. Beck, vice-president; C. Brown, secretary and treasurer; F. M. Atterholt and C. B. Raymond; the present officers are F. A. Wilcox, president; J. M. Beck, vice-president; C. L. Brown, secretary, and E. B. McConem, treasurer. The company was organized for the purpose of organizing paint specialties, but in 1892 it added the manufacture of printing inks, which have now become its main product. In the paint line graphite preparations for all kinds of iron painting are made, and in inks, superior qualities for book, job and bag printing are produced, and the output of the company is in demand all over the United States and many parts of Europe, especially for its printing inks. This is the only establishment of the kind in Akron and has become one of the city's important industries. C. L. Brown, the secretary of the Akron Chemical company, was born in Chester county, Pa., February 14, 1846, a son of Isaac and Margaretta K. (Kinsey) Brown, of sterling Quaker descent. The father was reared to farming, but in his advancing age retired to Philadelphia, where he lost his wife July 19, 1896, when she died at the age of seventy-seven years, and where he still lives at the age of seventy-six. C. L. Brown was educated in Philadelphia, and at the age of nineteen years began clerking—first in a dry-goods store—and in 1868 came to Akron and for five or six years here followed the same vocation. In 1873 he formed a partnership with C. G. Auble and William Duer, under the firm name of Auble, Brown & Co., but some six years later 174 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD fire destroyed the stock of the concern and the firm was dissolved. Mr. Brown then became a traveling salesman for Herrick & Cannon, in the wholesale crockery line, meeting with excellent success for seven years, his route covering. a radius of about 1 so miles around Akron. He next became a stockholder and director in the Selle Gear company of Akron, and for four years traveled through eighteen states, introducing and selling the products of that concern, and is still one of its directors. In 1889 he assisted in organizing the Akron Chemical company, and has since been one of the chief factors in its success. The marriage of Mr. Brown took place in 1867 with Miss Emma E. Yeamans, daughter of Robert Yeamans, of Philadelphia, born November 1845, in Philadelphia, Pa., and this union has been blessed with seven children, viz: Annie E., Harry J., Frank M. and Maggie K., all deceased, and Edwin E., Bertha and Ella F. Mrs. Brown was educated in the schools of Philadelphia, Pa. She was originally a member of the Baptist church, but on removing to Akron she joined the Methodist Episcopal church, in which she has been a most active worker since. She is also a member of the Home and Foreign missionary societies of the M. E. church and has endeared to her a large circle of friends. She is a woman of gracious, christian devotion, and her every day life is made up of living and working for the right. For thirty years Mr. Brown has been almost constantly on its official board. He is an Odd Fellow and charter member of Akron lodge, No. 547, and in politics is a republican. The Chemical company has its place of business on State street, near Main, while the residence of Mr. Brown is at No. 106 Franklin street. He devotes all his business hours strictly to the interests of the Chemical company, and the remainder of his time is devoted to his interest ing family and his church work. He is exceedingly domestic in his habits, and finds unequaled happiness in the family circle. His eldest living son, Edwin E., is a graduate of the Akron high school and of the city's commercial college, and for six months was a clerk in the office of the Akron Iron company, and since leaving that company has been in the employ of the American Cereal company, in their Chicago office. He is a strictly moral young man and an active worker in the Meth,- odist Episcopal church. Miss Bertha Brown graduated from the high school with the class of 1894, then attended the business college, and is now filling a clerical position in the office of Aultman, Miller & Co. Miss Ella F. Brown is still attending school. Mr. Brown is one of the ablest business men in Akron, has always been an indefatigable worker, and stands very high in the esteem of the social as well as business circles of Akron, and with his brethren in the church and lodge. JOHN ALLEN, now living in retirement just south of Akron, Ohio, is a native of Coventry township, Summit county, was born October 20, 1821 , and is a son of a pioneer family of English extraction, but of long residence in America. Jesse Allen, grandfather of subject, came from Groton, Conn., to Summit county, Ohio, in 1811, took part in the war of 1812, and here followed farming until the time of his death. Jonah Allen, father of subject, was born in Groton, Conn., October 17, 1798, and was consequently but thirteen years of age when brought to Ohio by his parents. He was reared in Coventry township, Summit county, where he passed all the remainder of his life with the exception of a few years passed in Akron, where he was engaged in the manufacture of cloth. Jonah Allen married Cynthia OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 179 Spice., who was also a native of Connecticut, born May 21, 1808, a daughter of Maj. Minor and Cynthia (Allen) Spicer, and to this marriage the following-named children were born: Edward, Catherine (Mrs Owen Beckwith), William, John and Cynthia, all of whom are now deceased, with the exception of John, the subject. Both parents were ardent members of the Disciples' church, in which the father was a deacon, and to the support of which he aided liberally with his means. In politics Jonah Allen was first a whig, but at the disintegration of that party became a strong republican. He was always prominent in local affairs, took an active part in locating the county seat at Akron, and filled at different times all the township offices. He was a very industrious man, and as he added fresh tracts to his farm, paid for them by chopping cordwood. He acquired quite a fortune for his day, having accumulated between $20,000 and $30,000, and died one of the most influential and substantial citizens of his township. He lost his life-companion September II, 1860, and his own death took place May 15, 1874. John Allen, the subject proper of this memoir, was reared on his father's farm, and farming has always been his vocation. He received a common and high-school education, and has always taken an active part in the progress of his township, materially, educationally and religiously, being ever ready with his money and influence in promoting all works designed for the public good. His farm is a model of neatness and thrift, and shows every evidence of being under the control of an active and experienced mind and hand. Mr. Allen is also president of the Lyman & Allen lumber company of Akron. Mr. Allen was united in marriage with Miss Ann E. Morgan December 9, 1857. This lady Was a daughter of Isham and Julia (Meach) Morgan, who are among the wealthy and highly respectable people residing in Cleveland, Ohio. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Allen has been blessed with the following children: Jesse, Emma (now Mrs. H. B. Sisler), Isham and John—all of whom are still living to gladden the declining years of their father. Mrs. Allen died August 24, 1894. She was a woman noted for her many virtues and pure life. GEORGE WARREN BAILEY, one of the soldiers of the Civil war and head of an excellent family, was born February 11, 1836, in Stowe township, Summit county, Ohio, a son of Warren and Sallie (Thayer) Bailey, and Stowe township is still his home. He received a common-school education and was reared a farmer. He enlisted at Stowe, Ohio, August 12, 1862, in Capt. A. Means' company, One Hundred and Fifteenth regiment Ohio volunteer infantry, Col. Thomas C. Boon, for three years, or during the war. He was promoted to be corporal June 1, 1865, for meritorious conduct, and honorably discharged at Cleveland, Ohio, July 5, 1865. He was a faithful soldier and prompt to do his duty, had but little sickness, and served mostly in Tennessee on guard duty, or on detailed duty with surveying parties. Mr. Bailey married, March 25, 1867, at Salisbury, N. Y., Elizabeth Brown, who was born July 1, 1843, a daughter of Gilbert and Parmelia Ann (Satterly) Brown. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Bailey settled on Mr. Bailey's present homestead. To Mr. and Mrs. Bailey were born Miller, who died when three months old, and Bertha E. Bertha E. was born October 6, 1870, in Stowe township, and married Albert F. Welker, who is train dispatcher with the A. B. C. railroad. They have one child—Helen, born April 2, 1896. Mr. Bailey first bought 102 acres of land, and by thrift 180 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD and industry added to it until he now owns 172 acres, making a fine farm, on which he has built a substantial residence. Mr. Bailey is a member of the G. A. R., Eadie post, at Cuyahoga Falls. In politics he is a democrat. He is an honored citizen and has served as township trustee and as a member of the school board. He is also president of the Agricultural society of Summit county, was president of the Farmers' institute, and was master of Pomona grange. Mr. Bailey had always been an active and energetic man, but was stricken with paralysis in 1893 and has since been completely disabled. His wife, who was a most estimable lady in all respects, died September 26, 1892. Elizabeth (Brown) Bailey, wife of subject, traces her ancestry back to the family of John Brown, from Stephentown, Rensselaer county, N. Y., who married Rebecca Bennett, a daughter of June Bennett, who was born in Rhode Island, whence he moved to Stephentown, N. Y. The fo lowing are the six children: June, Ambrose, Hosea, William, Rebecca and Lystra, of whom Rebecca married John Brown and they had eleven children—Louis, Hosea, Johnson, Almira, John, Jr., Gilbert, Nancy, Susan, Eliza, Jane and Willard. Warren Bailey, father of George W., was born at Middletown, Conn., September 27, 1796, and learned the ship carpenter's trade, which business he pursued until he removed to Stowe, Ohio, where he purchased a farm, on which he lived until his death, by accident, March 1, 1867. His wife, Sallie Thayer, whom he married in Middletown, Conn., September 14, 1821, was born September 3, 1798, and came with him to Ohio in 1832. survived him six years and died June 20, 1873. There were six children by this marriage: Mary, born in Middletown, Conn., October 16, 1822, and died at Stowe July 27, 1849; Lamira, born May 14, 1823, and married to A. J. Konkle; John Bailey, born January 22, 1828, and died July 12, 1893; Hannah, born March 31, 1830; George W.; and Francis M., born October i6, 1838. CHARLES BAIRD, a well-known attorney at law at Akron, Ohio, is a native of this city, was born March 25, 1853, a son of Robert Baird. who was a native of Kincardineshire, Scotland, born March 8, 1818, and who in 1843 came to America, settling in Akron, which was then little more than a village, and following his trade of blacksmithing for many years. Robert Baird has seen the village of Akron grow to its present proportions and probably has made more acquaintances and friends in the city and throughout the county than any man living within the limits of either. He was from his early settlement here a strong anti-slavery man and free-soiler until the formation of the republican party, when he became one of its most faithful adherents. He was married in Akron to Miss Helen Knox Moir, a native of Scotland and a daughter of Charles and Mary (Gordon) Moir. This lady was born in Brechin, Forfarshire, August 1, 1819, and died in Akron February 22, 1891, the mother of five children, viz: William, superintendent of the tile company at Barberton; Isabel, who has been identified with the educational progress of Akron since 1869, and for many years has been assistant principal of the high school: (shades, the subject of this memoir; Mary, who has also been identified with the schools of Akron for about twenty years and is now a teacher in the high school: and Helen, who died December 23, 1879, aged twenty-one years. Charles Baird, whose name opens this biographical notice, was educated primarily in the common schools, graduated from the high OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 181 school of Akron, then for one year studied Greek and Latin at Buchtel college, and then entered the law office of Upson & Ford, studying assiduously until his admission to the bar November 2, 1875, following which day he formed a co-partnership with his preceptor, Judge Upson, under the firm name of Upson & Baird. In 1877, on the return of Mr. Ford, the name of the firm was changed to that of Upson, Ford & Baird, and so continued until March, 1883, when Mr. Upson was called to the supreme bench of Ohio, when the firm dissolved and Mr. Baird continued the practice alone until 1891, when he formed a partnership with Edwin F. Voris, under the firm name of Baird & Voris, which continued until June, 1895, since which time Mr. Baird has continued the practice alone. As a republican, Mr. Baird was appointed, in 1875, township clerk of Portage township, and in 1879 canal collector, which office he held until his election, in 1880, as prosecuting attorney of Summit county, filling this position one term of two and one term of three years, making a total of five years in this responsible position. Having given special attention to the laws governing corporations, he has been very successful in this line of practice, and has, beside, been instrumental in the formation of several companies, whose lines of industry have given employment to many hands and redounded to the material progress of Akron. He has, moreover, assisted in founding several of these important links in the chain of Akron's prosperity. For instance, he was one of the incorporators of the Portage Straw Board company, the mills of which were located at New Portage and Circleville, Ohio, and one of its directors until it was consolidated with the American Straw Board company, in the organization of which he had charge of the legal proceedings and was its first secretary. Mr. Baird also assisted in 1880-81 in the organization of the Diamond Match company, the most gigantic in the world in its line, and has since been one of its attorneys. He was also one of the incorporators of the Goodrich Hard Rubber company, has been a director since its organization, and is largely interested in the B. F. Goodrich company as a stockholder. In 1890 Mr. Baird joined 0. C. Barber and A. T. Paige in the purchase of a tract of land on which the town of Barberton is now located, platted that town and assisted in the formation of the Barberton Land & Improvement company, of which he is secretary and treasurer; he was one of the incorporators of the National Sewer Pipe company, and is its vice-president; was one of the organizers of the Stirling company and assisted in securing is location at Barberton, and was one of its directors for some years; was one of the incorporators of the Barberton Belt Line Railroad company, and is its superintendent and treasurer; was an incorporator of the Creedmoor Cartridge company, at Barberton, and is one of its directors; was one of the organizers of the General Fire Extinguisher company of New York, whose plants are located at Warren, Ohio, and Providence, R. I., and has been from its organization one of its directors; was one of the organizers and is director of the Ohio Tube company, Warren, Ohio; and is interested in various other concerns. In 1888, on the death of Albert Allen, Mr. Baird became administrator of the Commins estate, the largest administered up to that time in Summit county, and in 1892 was appointed one of the executors of the will of Thomas W. Cornell, the largest estate ever administered in Akron, and is still executor, in association with J. B. Wright. As an attorney, Mr. Baird has had a wide practice in the courts of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, New York and Ohio, 182 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD and in the federal courts, making a specialty of corporation law, although he does a great deal of general practice besides. Mr. Baird was united in marriage, February 10, 1882, with Miss Lucy Allyn Voris, daughter of Gen. A. C. Voris, of Akron, and this union has been crowned by the birth of five children, viz: Alvin Voris, born December 3, 1882; Helen Elizabeth, August 30, 1884; Betsey Coe, June 1 1, 1886; Charles, October 15, 1888; and Katharine, November 19, 1890. E. L. BALDWIN, of East Akron, trustee of Springfield township, is one of the leading young farmers of that township. He was born in Montville, Geauga county, Ohio, March 1, 1860, the son of Lewis C. Baldwin, whose parents, Erastus and Lucretia Baldwin, were substantial farming people of Goshen, Litchfield county, Conn. Lewis C. Baldwin was born in Goshen, Conn., July 20, 1826, and was reared on, the paternal farm. He came to Summit county, Ohio, in 1842, and on January 2, 1852, was married to Jerusha A. Chamberlain, who was born April 10, 1827, a daughter of Amos and Asenath (Crane) Chamberlain. To them, beside our subject, were born Elton L., May (wife of Thomas J. Santom), and Katie B., wife of Bert E. Jones. Immediately following their marriage they moved to Montville, where they remained until 183, farming. In this latter year they moved to Hudson, this county, where they lived until 1884, when they located on the farm on which our subject lives, and where the father died January 5, 1896; the mother June 23, 1891. Both were earnest members of the Disciples' church. Mr. Baldwin served in the late war on guard duty on Johnson's Island, enlisting August 23, 1864, in company B, One Hundred and Twenty-eighth Ohio volunteer infantry, being discharged in 1865. He was a stanch republican and took an active interest in local affairs. During his residence in Geauga county he held several offices. He was a charter member of Montville lodge, I. 0. 0: F., and a past grand in Apollo lodge, No. 61, same order, and a member of Buckley post, G. A. R., of Akron. He was buried with the honors of both fraternities. E. L. Baldwin has always lived on the farm. He received a good common-school education, and on January 1, 188.4, married Miss Josephine M. Thompson, Who was born November 26, 1862, in Hudson, the daughter of Asaph and Sabrina (Burroughs) Thompson. Both Mr. and Mrs. Thompson were natives of this county, the former being born at Hudson, December 15, 1831, the latter at Northfield, October 16, 1835. They resided continuously at Hudson, where she died February 22, 1873. He died December 15, 1881, in California, whither he had gone but a few months before for his health. Both were members of the Presbyterian church. Mrs. Baldwin's paternal grandfather, William Thompson, was of Scotch descent, and was one of the earliest pioneers of the county. He married Mary Oviatt, and they lived and died at Hudson, having accumulated considerable wealth for their day. Her maternal grandparents, Allen and Betsey (Honey) Burroughs, were pioneer farming people of this county and lived and died at Northfield. Since the second year of his marriage our subject has lived in Springfield township, and occupies a finely improved farm of 190 acres owned by Joseph A. Baldwin, of Akron. He is largely engaged in the breeding of registered Jersey cattle, and now has a considerable and valuable herd. He has been in this business for the past ten years and has been quite successful. He is a republican, strongly grounded in his political faith, and is a member of Apollo OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 183 lodge, No. 61, I. O. O. F. In 1892 he was elected trustee of Springfield township and is now serving his second term in that office. To Mr. and Mrs. Baldwin have been born the following children: Ruth E., Lee E., Mary F. (deceased), and Joseph C. MYRON BARBER, a retired farmer of Brimfield township, Portage county, Ohio, is a son of Lyman and Julia (Landorn) Barber, and was born near the village of Brimfield May 6, 1822. His parents were both natives of Litchfield, Conn., came to Ohio in 1818, and settled in Brimfield township, Portage county, where the father bought 200 acres of land. Lyman Barber was a carpenter by trade, and erected all his buildings, including dwelling and barn, and yet he was a successful farmer. To his marriage with Miss Landorn were born four children, of whom two still survive—Myron and Nelson; Emily died July 13, 1840, at the age of twenty years, and one child died in infancy. Mrs. Julia Barber died February 14, 1856, at the age of sixty-one years, and May 3, 1857, Mr. Barber married Mrs. Mary Weston. February 8, 1865, he passed from earth. Myron Barber was reared on his father's farm and attended the common schools until eighteen years old. At nearly his majority he married, March 23, 1843, Miss Elizabeth Jennings, daughter of Solomon and Susan (Price) Jennings, who bore him eight children, viz.: Wallace L., Emily, wife of Earl Merrills; Phemie, wife of Wallace Merrills; D. H. ; Franklin W.; Susan E., who died February 8, 1862; Byron W., who died July 23, 1849; Oliver E., whose death was caused, September 5, 1873, by an explosion of lime at Springfield. The mother of this family was called away November 5, 1872, at the age of fifty years. Mr. Barber next married, in May, 1874, Mrs. Mary H. Taylor, who met with a sad and untimely end. On July 16, 1896, she left her home, in the best of health, to go to Kent to do some shopping, but within six hours was a corpse. In politics, Mr. Barber has been a republican and has served his fellow-citizens as a member of the board of education and supervisor, but filled these offices more from a feeling of duty than from any desire for public office. Being one of the oldest native born citizens of his township, his long and useful life is duly appreciated by his neighbors, and his name, which is well known throughout the county, is honored wherever and whenever mentioned. NELSON L. BARBER, a retired farmer, was born in Brimfield township, Portage county, Ohio, June 3, 1825, a son of Lyman and Julia (Landorn) Barber, natives of Litchfield county, Conn. Joseph Barber, grandfather of Nelson L., married a Miss Cole and reared a family of ten children, all now deceased. Of the daughters, Dorcas, the eldest, lived single until her sixtieth year, when she married a man who was eighty years old; Lucy was married to Isaac Osborn; Polly was the wife of Orrin Gilbert; Sally became Mrs. Arba Twitchell; Maria married a Mr. Sill; Abbie married a gentleman of the same name—Sill; the sons were named Norman, Lyman and Edwin. Lyman Barber, father of Nelson L., was a carpenter by trade and came to Ohio about 1816. To his marriage, in Goshen township, Litchfield county, Conn., with Miss Julia Landorn, there were born four children, of whom two still survive—Myron and Nelson L.; one child died in infancy, and Emily, a schoolteacher, died in 1840, at the age of twenty years. The father was called away in 1865, 184 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD in his sixty-sixth year, and the mother died in Brimfield. Nelson L. Barber passed his early years on the home farm in Brimfield township and attended the district school until sixteen years old, and then attended a select school in Twinsburg, Summit county, two terms of three months each. At the age of seventeen he began teaching—his first school being at Brimfield—and in all he taught fourteen years during the winter months, passing the summers in farm work. His marriage took place April 22, 1852, within a few rods of his present home, to Miss Sarah Berkheimer, daughter of John Berkheimer, and this marriage has been blessed with four children, viz: Emmit, George M. and Jesse 0., still living, and John L., who died in 1881, at the age of twenty-four years. The mother of these children was called from earth in 1882, at the age of forty-eight years. After his marriage Mr. Barber continued to teach school for three terms, and then turned his attention exclusively to farming, which he successfully followed until a few years ago, when he retired on account of ill health, having for many years been a victim of asthma. In August, 1866, he made a trip to Minnesota, remained two months, and was considerably benefited; then made a visit south, and for the past eight years has alternated his visits between Minnesota and Michigan. In politics Mr. Barber has been very prominent as a republican, and for twenty-one years served as a justice of the peace, having been elected seven times consecutively, his last term expiring in the spring of 1896; he also served as township trustee for a number of years, and for nine years was a school director. Fraternally he has for many years been a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and socially he enjoys the well-earned esteem of his fellow-citizens in general and of his immediate neighbors in particular. FREDERICK J. BAUER, M. D., a prominent practitioner of Summit county, was born in Suffield township, Portage county, Ohio, March 5, 1854, a son of Jacob and Christena (Holtz-worth) Bauer, of whom further mention is made in the following paragraph. Jacob Bauer was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, February 22, 1809, a son of Michael and Mary (Wildermuth) Bauer. For six years he was a soldier in the German army, later learning blacksmithing, and in 1839 came to the United States. For a short time he worked at his trade in Erie, Pa., and then came to Ohio, settling in Greensburg, Summit county, where he engaged in farming. He married Miss Christena Holtzworth, who was born in Germany in 1819, and to this union were born nine children, of whom seven are still living, viz. : Rudolph; Mary, wife of George Price, of Suffield; Adelia, widow of Newton Stoffer; Lena, wife of John Peterson, Carthage, Mo.; Frederick J., the subject; Lucinda, wife of John May, living on the old homestead in Suffield township; Jacob W., residing in Columbia, S. C., where he has charge of the state weather bureau. Those who passed away were Sophia, who was the wife of William Wilson, and George, who died in infancy. The mother of these children was called from earth in 1882, at the age of sixty-nine years, and the father in September, 1890, aged eighty-one years and six months, both in the faith of the Reformed church. Frederick J. Bauer passed his early boyhood days on his father's farm, attending the district school of Suffield meanwhile, and, being an apt scholar, prepared himself for school-teaching, which preparation he found to be of some advantage in later years. At the age of seventeen years, he and his brother Rudolph, and their brother-in-law, George Price, leased a saw-mill in Suffield, and did a OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 185 good business, under the firm name of Bauer Bros. & Price, for two years, when they sold out. Mr. Bauer then engaged as clerk in the general store of George Michael, in Suffield, which position he held eight months, and then, beginning with 1874, for three winters taught school in his native district, and one spring term—his last term being taught after he had begun the study of medicine in 1877. While engaged in teaching, he attended Mount Union college during the summer months, which he attended six terms—two terms at a time, and then, in 1877, as just mentioned, began his preparatory studies in medicine under Dr. J. C. Ferguson at Mogadore. He next attended the Ohio Medical college at Cincinnati, and later the university at Wooster, from which he graduated in 1880. Returning to Mogadore, he practiced, in partnership with his former preceptor, Dr. Ferguson, until the batter's death, in January, 1886, since when he has been alone, his profound hygienic knowledge being the means of yearly increasing his large list of patients. Dr. Bauer was united in marriage, October 17, 1885, at Kent, Ohio, with Miss Kate S. Rubbins, a daughter of John and Lydia M. (Olds) Rubbins, and this union has been blessed with two children, Frederick Otis and Carl Holtzworth. Mrs. Dr. Bauer was born in Newport, N. Y., August 12, 1866, but was brought to Kent, Ohio, by her parents while yet a child. She is a highly educated lady, and through the training of her devoted mother was prepared, while yet a mere child, for the profession of teacher, which vocation she entered upon at the early age of sixteen years, teaching for two years, her last term being just west of Mogadore, in the same district in which the doctor had been teaching, and .where she formed his acquaintance, marrying him when about nineteen years old. Since her marriage she has been giving lessons in oil painting and pastel drawing, in which arts she is an adept. John Rubbins, father of Mrs. Bauer, was born in England, and is a machinist by trade. He came to the United States a single man, enlisted in the Union army and was shot -through the hip at Gettysburg; after recovery he re-enlisted and served until the close of hostilities, when he was honorably discharged after a service of four years. Returning to New York, he married Miss Lydia M. Olds, October 3, 1865. This lady was a native of the Empire City, was a daughter of Carty and Catherine (Jenkins) Olds, and was born January 9, 1847. She bore her her husband two children— Emma, who died at the age of three years and seven months, and Kate S., now Mrs. Bauer. The devoted mother was called away October 13, 189b, leaving her disconsolate husband and surviving daughter to mourn her loss. Catherine (Jenkins) Olds, the maternal grandmother, of Mrs. Bauer, was a daughter of Evan and Lydia (Hathaway) Jenkins, and bore her husband twelve children, viz: Otis; Jane, widow of Bereth Bullard; Jennette, widow of Hiram Linster; Helen, wife of Samuel Walker; Orrin; Delbert; Sarah, wife of Julius Gardner, and Lewis, all still living; the deceased were Orson, who died in the army of Frederick City, at twenty-three years of age; Marcia, who was married to Eli Root, and died in August, 1891, and Lydia M., the mother of Mrs. Bauer. Both grandparents were devout members of the Methodist church. Dr. Frederick J. Bauer is a democrat in politics, and in 1886 was elected a justice of the peace, which office he filled with great ability for three years, and was also a member of the school board for two years. Fraternally he is a member of Akron lodge, No. 83, F. & A. M., and of Mogadore lodge, No. 482, K. of P., in the latter of which he has passed all the chairs, and was its delegate to the 186 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD grand lodge in the spring of 1897; he is also an honorary member of the Junior Master Mechanics of Mogadore. He is likewise a member of the Summit county Medical association, of the Northeastern Medical society of Ohio, and of the State Medical association, to all of which he has contributed many valuable essays on professional subjects. Mrs. Bauer has been a member of the Agricultural society for the past two years and takes a very active part in its proceedings. Socially, the doctor and his wife hold a very high position, and are well qualified to ornament the select circle in which they move. HENRY AULTMAN, a well-known farmer of Brimfield township, Portage county, was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, December 30, 1829, a son of William and Susan (Shaffer) Aultman. His grandfather, William Aultman, was a native of Germany, was a wheelwright by trade, and when a young man came to America and settled in Pennsylvania, and later removed to Ohio, where he died at the age of sixty years, a member of the Baptist church. The parents of subject were both born in Pennsylvania, came to Ohio about the year 1812, and first located in Washington county, where Mr. Aultman engaged in carpentering and farming. To his marriage with Miss Shaffer were born five children, four of whom still survive, the subject being the eldest; the other three are Lydia to Ann, wife of Samuel Wise; Fannie, married B. John Wise, and Samantha S., now Mrs. S. B. Jones. The name of the fifth child was Elias, who died in infancy. The father of this family died in October, 1892, at the age of eighty-five years, and the mother, who is a daughter of William and Sophia Shaffer, still hale and hearty, at the age of eighty-six, is living with her daughter in Brimfield. Henry Aultman attended the common schools of his boyhood, and in 1845 came to Brimfield township with his parents, whom he materially aided to support. He, himself, began life a poor man, but by untiring industry and true economy has worked himself upward, and now owns one of the best farms in Portage county; he has also been engaged in threshing for the past twenty years, thus adding materially to his income. During the winter months, butchering has received considerable of his attention, and he has been a good manager of everything he has undertaken, the result being a competency. The marriage of Mr. Aultman took place October 17, 1858, to Miss Elizabeth Gusherd, daughter of George and Catherine (Kroll) Gusherd, and this happy union has been blessed with three children, of whom Curtis married Miss Eva Woodenberg, Lettie M. is the wife of E. F. Whittlesy and Charlie E. died July 24, 1875. Mr. Aultman and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Brimfield, in which Mr. Aultman has filled all the secular offices, and he has also served as a member of the board of school directors, and as supervisor for many years, being a member of the republican party. The high esteem in which he is held by his fellow-townsmen he has gained through his personal merits, and his good example through life may well be imitated with profit by the rising generation. Mr. Aultman now owns 216 acres of choice land, nearly all of which is well improved and on which his pleasant residence was built in 1889. He is one of the self-made men of the county, and is one of the most respected, having done as much as any man in the township for the promotion of its interests, and its moral, educational and material progress during the half century he has resided here, but the details of which grand work his modesty will not permit to be chronicled. OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 191 JOHN C. BEATTY, the well known merchant of Ravenna, Ohio, is a native of Bristol, Bucks county, Pa., was born February 4, 1833, and is 3 son of Robert and Catherine (Cabeen) Beatty, also natives of the Keystone state. His paternal grandfather, likewise named Robert, was a native of Ireland, but settled in Bucks county, Pa., in an early day, where he was engaged in farming; became the father of four or five children, and there past his remaining days; the maternal grandfather, Robert Cabeen, also a native of Ireland, was likewise an early settler of Bucks county, Pa., was a merchant in Bristol, and there died in 1855, aged about seventy-five years. Robert Beatty, father of John C., was a bank cashier in Bristol, Pa. He and his wife, Catherine, were the parents of six children, of whom four are still living, and named Elizabeth, who is the wife of John H. Bostwick; John C., of Ravenna, Ohio; Samuel and Horatio B., residing in Bristol, Pa. The mother was called to her final home in 186o, but the father lived until about 1867, when he departed at the age of sixty-seven years. John C. Beatty was reared and educated in Bristol, Pa., and has been engaged in mercantile pursuits ever since the time of his quitting school. At the age of twenty-two years he came to Ohio and settled in Ravenna. He first opened a dry-goods store, which he conducted until 1868 or 1869, but since 1871 has been in the clothing business, and for the past six years has had associated with him his son, Robert G. John C. Beatty was first united in marriage in April, 1860, in Ravenna, with Miss Henrietta G. Day, daughter of H. L. and Winifred (Latimer) Day, and this union was blessed with three sons and one daughter, named Henry, Robert G., Harry L., and Mary E., but of these Henry and Mary E. are deceased. - 2 - Robert G. married Miss Clara Black, and is the father of five children—Frank, John, Edward, Mary and Robert; Harry L. married. Miss Eleanor Wallace, and is the father of one child—Helen. Mrs. Henrietta Beatty died in 1869, and on the 5th day of January, 1871, John C. Beatty was united in marriage with Mrs. Mary Beatty, widow of Harry Clay Beatty, and daughter of Garrett and Lydia (Wilson) Lukens, and to this second union have been born three children—Jennie, Halsey and John, of whom Halsey and John have also been called away. Mrs. Beatty is a consistent member of the Episcopal church, while Mr. Beatty is contented with his membership in the Oriental commandery, F. & A. M., of Cleveland. In politics Mr. Beatty is a republican, and has served as infirmary director two years, as county treasurer four years, and also four years as postmaster of Ravenna. During his long residence of forty .one years in Ravenna his reputation as a merchant has been sustained without a spot or blemish, and socially he is held in the highest esteem. As a citizen he is honored for his public spirit, and the pride he has taken in the progress of his adopted city, and his patriotism in this respect, are only exceeded by his private worth. HON. HARRY L. BEATTY, attorney at law and representative in the state legislature from Portage county, Ohio, was born in Ravenna, Ohio, April 4, 1865, and is a son of John C. and Hettie G. (Day) Beatty, natives, respectively, of Pennsylvania and Connecticut. Samuel Beatty, paternal grandfather of subject, was a native of Bucks county, Pa., was a banker, and died in Pristol, Pa., at the age of about sixty-five years, the father of six children. H. L. Day, maternal grandfather of subject, and a native of Connecticut, was 192 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD one of the pioneers of Portage county, Ohio, and was for many years a dry-goods merchant in Ravenna, in which city he died about the year 1873, being then between sixty-five and seventy years of age; his widow is now a resident of Meadville, Pa. John C. Beatty, father of Hon. Harry L. Beatty, came from Bucks county, Pa., to Ravenna, Ohio, in 1855, and engaged in business with John H. Bostwick, the firm name being Bostwick & Beatty. To his first marriage, which, as stated, was with Miss Hettie Day, there were born three sons and one daughter, and of these children two sons are still living —Robert G. and Harry L. Mrs. Hettie Beatty having died in 1869, John C. married his brother's widow, Mrs. Mary L. Beatty, who bore the maiden name of Lukens, and to this union there have been born three children, of whom one still survives—Jennie. Some years prior to the late Civil war, John C. Beatty engaged in the dry-goods trade on his sole account, and in this he continued until 1871, when he embarked in the clothing business and continued alone until about 1885, when he admitted as a partner his son Robert, with whom he is still associated. In politics, John C. Beatty is a stanch republican, and has always taken an active interest in the success of that party, with which he is himself very popular, and which he represented as a delegate to every convention in which the late James A. Garfield was nominated as a candidate for any office. He has also served as county treasurer of Portage county four years, and was postmaster of Ravenna four years under Harrison's administration, and is still a wheelhorse in republican politics. Mrs. Beatty is and has long been a member of Grace Episcopal church, with which her family also affiliated. Hon. Harry Lincoln Beatty was educated in the schools of Ravenna and graduated from the high school in 1882. He then read law in the office of Judge Luther Day until 1884, when he entered the Cincinnati Law school, from which he was graduated, was admitted to the bar in May, 1886, and immediately entered upon the active practice of his profession in his native city of Ravenna, where his ability was fully recognized, the result being a large and lucrative clientage. A stanch republican, he was elected, in 1887, a justice of the peace, and still fills that office; in 1888 he was elected township and village clerk, and in this capacity served until 1896; in November, 1895, he was elected a member of the general assembly of Ohio, of which office he is still the representative from this district. Fraternally, Mr. Beatty is a Knight of Pythias. The marriage of Mr. Beatty took place April 9, 1889, with Miss Eleanor Wallace, daughter of Samuel and Harriet (Gentry) Wallace—two children, Mary Ellen and Harriet, being the result of this felicitous union. The home of this happy family is at the corner of Spruce and Walnut streets, and this is not only the abode of domestic bliss, but the seat of a genial and liberal hospitality and social intercourse. In all the conditions of life which it has been the lot of Mr. Beatty to fill, he has been guided by an intelligent knowledge of their wants or needs, and in every capacity has exhibited an integrity and a faithfulness that have placed his name foremost in the ranks of the eminent citizens of Portage county. LEWIS F. BECKER, a retired citizen of Franklin township, Summit county, Ohio, is a native of the Buckeye state and was born in Wayne county November 19, 1842, of German ancestors. Michael Becker, grandfather of the subject and the founder of this family in America, was born in Prussia in 1772, in one of the Rhine OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 193 provinces, where he was a gas or fire-damp inspector in the mines. He there married Wilhelmina Ries, and in 1837 brought his family to America, for a short time lived in Summit county and thence went to Wayne county, where he died March 3, 1854, and his wife in April, 1855, members of the Lutheran church. Their children were named as follows: Lewis, father of subject; Dorothea, wife of Christian Ries; Wilhelrnina and Magdalena, twins (Wilhelmina married to Conrad Walters and Maddalena to Peter Kline); Christian Frederick; Elizabeth, wife of William Gern; Catherine, wife of Lewis Nauman; Francis M., and Louisa, wife of Nicholas Wagoner. Lewis Becker, father of subject, was born in Prussia in 1805, and came to America in 1833, was a musician of considerable local reputation, and also worked in the mines with his father, with whom, also, he came to America. His experience in mining convinced him that valuable coal leads existed in Ohio, and after experimenting opened what is now known as the Dannemiller mine, the first, likely, in the state. He married Miss Elizabeth Baker, a native of Bavaria, Germany, born May 5, 1812. Her father was killed in Bavaria and mother later married Christian Wagoner and located near Canton, Ohio. To Lewis Becker and wife were born Lewis F., the subject; Rev. Henry J., of Dayton, who was mission secretary of the United Brethren churches for the United States; Elizabeth (Mrs. Snyder); Magdalena (Mrs. Smith); Minnie (Mrs. Lytle), and Catherine and Michael, both deceased. The father of this family died August 26, 1866, and the mother, September 18, 1869. Lewis F. Becker, the subject, passed his early years in coal mining, and January 13, 187o, married Miss Harriet A. Hollinger, who was born in Franklin township, Summit county, Ohio, November 27, 1850, a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Daily) Hollinger, both natives of Summit county and born, respectively, August 31, 1818, and March 26, 1821. Mr..and Mrs. Hollinger were married March 29, 1838, and to their union were born ten children, viz: Joseph D., born January 22, 1839-died October 4, 1871; Michael. D., born January 1, 1841-died February 24, 1841; David D., born January 4, 1842; Jacob D., born April 11, 1844; Levi D., born April 6, 1846; Amanda E., born February 12, 1848-died March 18, 1896; Harriet A., born November 27, 1850-died October I, 1875; Josiah D., born October 12, 1853; Uriah D., twin of Josiah D., died October 28, 1859, and Barbara E., born April 1o, 1859-died June 12, 1859. Jacob Hollinger, father of the above children, was a son of Jacob Hollinger, Sr., who, with his wife and four children, came from Huntingdon county, Pa., and settled in Franklin township in 1816, then a part of Stark county. Jacob Hollinger, Jr., died October 15, 1873, but had lost his wife, Harriet A., June 29, 1859. The marriage of Lewis F. and Harriet A. Becker was blessed with two children, viz: Ada M., born June 8, 1871, is a graduate of Hammel's business college of Akron, and Carrie E., born April 12, 1873, was a pupil at the Boston (Mass.) conservatory of music, and is now a teacher of the art. The mother of these children, as intimated above, died October I, 1875, in the faith of the Evangelical church, while Mr. Becker.has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church the past twenty-eight years. Mr. Becker is a member of H. Bevard post, Canal Fulton, Stark county, No. 385, G. A. R., having been eligible from serving in company A, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio volunteer infantry, in which he enlisted August 11, 1862. He served in Kentucky, Tennessee and Georgia; was in the forty-day fighting that led up to the capture of Atlanta, and at Columbia, Tenn., sustaining a concussion 194 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD of the brain by being struck by a piece of shell. He was later in the fight at Nashville, Tenn., and was with the army in the Carolinas, joining Sherman at Goldsboro, N. C. He is a prohibitionist in politics and stands very high in the esteem of his fellow-citizens. SQUIRE NOEL BECKLEY, of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, and one of the respected citizens and a native of Stowe township, springs from sterling English Puritan stock. Sela Beckley, grandfather of subject, was born in Connecticut and his business was that of a tinner. He married in his native state, and his children were Noel, Lawton, Edwin, Harriet, Celetia and Caroline. Mr. Beckley was an Episcopalian in religion, lived to be about sixty-one years old, and died in Stowe, at the home of his son Noel. Noel Beckley, father of subject, was born at Hartford, Conn., received a common-school education, and was a blacksmith. He came to Stowe township in 1819 or 1820, worked at his trade: and married Margaret Stowe, a widow. This lady was a native of Rutland, Vt., and a daughter of James Lindsey, who was born in Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Beckley were born Caroline, Edwin, Laura, Noel and Ravina. Mr. Beckley settled at Stowe Corners, bought fifty acres of land, and prospered by his industry and thrift. There were no roads when he came to Stowe township, and he set up his forge under a tree. He bought more land, until he owned a farm of 130 acres, including the farm where our subject now lives. He lived to be sixty-three years old and died on his farm. He was a democrat in politics, was a man of sterling worth and integrity and was well known for his good moral character. Mrs. Beckley, by her marriage to Thomas Stowe, was the mother of two children—Sallie and Emeline. James Lindsey, her father, came from Rutland, Vt., to Stowe township, as a pioneer, about the time at which Noel Beckley came. He was a farmer, owning a good farm of 100 acres, which he cleared np from the wilderness, and on which he died a greatly respected citizen. His children were James, Detius, Simeon, Betsey, Mary and Margaret. Noel Beckley, the subject of this sketch, was born July 18, 1834, received his education in the log school-house and became a farmer. He married, October 2, 1864, Martha E. Randall, who was born in Stowe township July 1, 1846, a daughter of David and Maria (Stowe) Randall. David Randall was born in New York, was a painter, came to Summit county when young and married Maria Mulnex, née Stowe, a widow, and to Mr. and Mrs. Randall were born Elizabeth, Prudence, Hannah, Martha E., and William D. Mrs. Randall had been married twice previously—the first time to E. Adams, to whom she bore one child. Mr. Adams died and she married Mulnex, and their children were Avery and Caroline. Mr. Randall died in Summit county, aged about forty-two years. Squire Beckley and wife, after marriage, settled on their present farm, then belonging to his father, and have since lived here. He bought out the heirs, improved the property and planted trees. To Mr. and Mrs. Beckley were born William E., Bessie M. and David E. Mr. and Mrs. Beckley are members of the Disciples' church, of which 'Squire Beckley is one of the trustees. In politics he is a republican, and has held all the offices of his township, having been trustee three years, constable two years, and recently has been elected justice of the peace. 'Squire Beckley has prospered, has always been an industrious and honored citizen, and stands high for integrity of character and sterling worth, and is well OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 195 known throughout this part of the county, his family being equally well respected with himself. WILLIAM H. BEEBE, cashier of the Second National bank of Ravenna, Ohio, was born in this city October 19, 1841, and is a son of Horace Y. and Augustus C. (Coolman) Beebe, the former of whom was a native of Middletown, Conn., and the latter of Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Beebe were the parents of two children—Mary P., the deceased wife of D. M. Clewell, and William H., as named above. Oliver Dutton Beebe, paternal grandfather of subject, was a native of Connecticut, of English ancestry, and died in Middletown, that state, well advanced in years, and the father of three sons and two daughters. William Coolman, maternal grandfather of Mr. Beebe, was born in Middletown, Conn., was a farmer, and further details concerning his life may be found in the biography of Dewitt C. Coolman, on another page of this volume. Horace Y. Beebe, father of subject, was an early corner to Ohio and first located at Cuyahoga Falls, but later removed to Ravenna. For many years he was county clerk and afterward was a conductor on the Cleveland & Pittsburg railroad, but left its employ in 1854 and became cashier for the Robinson, King & Co. bank, but withdrew ten years later, when that bank was merged with the Second National bank, in 1864. He was always active in politics, and was one of the four Ohio men in the national republican convention who changed their votes to Lincoln, and thus secured his nomination for the presidency of the United States. During the Civil war he was an assessor of internal revenue in Ohio, and later became bookkeeper and manager of the Diamond Glass works. He was one of Ra venna's most public-spirited citizens and a gentleman of great force of character; was pronounced as an Odd Fellow, and was a past grand master in that order and past grand representative at the time of his death, which occurred in 1888, his wife having died a few years previously—both devoted adherents of the Universalist faith. William H. Beebe, whose name opens this biographical notice, has passed his entire life in Ravenna, excepting, perhaps, a temporary absence during his college days. He received his preparatory education in the public schools of his native city, and then attended Hiram college under President James A. Garfield, and the day after he quit that institution of learning he entered the Second National bank at Ravenna as cashier, and is now in the thirty-eighth year of his incumbency of that position. On the 13th day of October, 1864, he was united in marriage with Miss Ella Reeves, daughter of John and Harriet M. (Mason) Reeves, of Trumbull county, and now has his residence on Bowery street, at the head of Meridian, Ravenna. Mr. Beebe has been a director of the Ravenna Gas & Electric company since its organization in 1873, and is at present its treasurer. Mr. Beebe is an exalted Odd Fellow, being past grand patriarch of the state of Ohio; at present a representative to the sovereign grand lodge; past grand of Ravenna lodge, No. 65; past patriarch of Ravenna encampment; member of Beebe Rebekah lodge, No. 405 (which lodge was named in honor of his father), member of canton Cleveland, No. 33, in which he holds the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and of Kremlin Moscow, I. 0. M., of Cincinnati. He is also a member of Uncas tribe, No. 57, I. O. R. M., Crescent lodge, No. 252, K. of P., Ravenna council, No. 376, Royal Arcanum, and grand treasurer of the grand council, R. A., of Ohio, for the past 196 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD ten years, and was representative to the supreme council, R. A., at Savannah, Ga., in 1896, and in Boston in 1897. Politically he is a republican. Mr. Beebe has served his fellow-citizens as a member of the Ravenna city council for six years, and is very active in promoting the material pros; perity of the city. He has always, indeed, been active in his support of all wholesome measures of a public nature, and free in his aid for their advancement. For thirty-seven years he has been prominently before the public, and during that long period no murmur of complaint has ever been uttered against him. He is a most genial gentleman and has hosts of friends. CHARLES C. BENNER, a rising young attorney-at-law of Akron, was born in Franklin township, Summit county, Ohio, March 27, 1870, and is a son of Simon and Caroline E. (Slawbaugh) Benner, both natives of Summit county. Simon Benner was born June 17, 1846, was a school-teacher in his earlier years, and for a long time taught at various places in the state of Indiana, and on his return to Ohio was united in marriage with Miss Slawbaugh, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Keller) Slawbaugh, and this union was blessed with nine children, of whom eight still survive, viz: Elda, wife of Frank Werner; Clinton A., Melvin L., Charles C., Ervin R., Gertrude M., 'allace J. and Howard C. ; Otto M., the deceased child, passed away at the age of five years. For a number of years Simon Benner served as a justice of the peace, but later became a farmer and an extensive dealer in live stock, and was an influential and prominent citizen. He and his wife were very active members of Grace Reformed church, and in this faith was called from earth August 22, 1884, at the early age of thirty-eight years, his widow surviving until January 7, 1890, when she was called to join her departed husband, when forty-five years old. Henry Benner, the paternal grandfather of Charles C., was a native of Pennsylvania, as was also his wife. He came to Ohio early in life and was among the early settlers of Franklin township, Summit county. He was a blacksmith by trade, which vocation he followed as long as his strength permitted, and then engaged in farming. To his marriage with Miss Kintz there were born eight children, of whom six are still living, viz: David; Mary Ohl; Anna, wife of Jacob Myers; Harriet, now Mrs. Daniel Zellers; Isabella, married to James Kerstter, and Hiram; those who have passed away were Sarah, wife of Henry Raber, and Simon. The father of this family died in 1884, at the advanced age of ninety-two years, while his wife still survives, in excellent health, aged eighty-eight. The maternal grandparents of Mr. Benner were both born in Lancaster county, Pa., were pioneers of Franklin township, and were the parents of two children—Frank and Caroline C. Charles C. Benner was primarily educated in the common schools of Norton and Copley townships, Summit county, and this was supplemented by an attendance at the Ada Normal university of Ohio. He passed the later years of his minority on his father's farm, assisting in its cultivation during the summer months, and devoting the less busy winter months to study. In 1890 he commenced reading law with the well-known legal firm of Baird & Voris, continuing his studies until admitted to the bar, in June, 1893. The firm of Baird & Voris having by this time dissolved, Mr. Benner at once opened an office for practice in connection with Mr. Baird, and this congenial relationship has since continued, to their mutual profit. OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 197 Mr. Benner entered upon the chosen work of his life fully equipped for the execution of all the complex, minute, exacting, ofttimes vexatious, and yet fascinating duties of the legal profession, and has met with phenomenal success, his marked ability being recognized from the beginning, and his clientele is not only an extensive one, but unusually respectable in its individualism. Courteous and affable to the general public, he has made many warm friends, and, dignified and honorable in all his dealings with his brother-attorneys, he has won their unqualified esteem. Socially inclined by nature, he is popular as a member of the Akron lodge of the Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks; he is also a charter member of Akron lodge, No. 693, Knights of Pythias, and is prominent, likewise, in the Improved Order of Red Men. December 1, 189o, he became a member of company B, Eighth regiment, Ohio national guard, of which he was elected captain, but resigned his commission in 1894, his increasing legal business and other pressing affairs precluding him from giving what he thought to be the necessary attention to military affairs in order to keep up the esprit du corps of his company. Mr. Benner was most happily united in matrimony September 29, 1897, at Akron, with Miss Gertrude Forster, the accomplished daughter of Martin B. and Sarah (Clark) Forster, well-known and prominent citizens of Akron. JOHN A. BENNETT, an extensive dealer in coal and all kinds of mason's supplies, sewer pipe, drain tile, etc., at Ravenna, Portage county, Ohio, is a native of the state of New York and was born in Niagara county, April 11, 1853. His parents, Daniel and Louisa (Secor) Bennett, are natives of the same county and have had born to them five children, of whom four are still living and are named John A. (subject), Charles, Ellis and Edward. Daniel Bennett, the father, has been a farmer through life, has prospered in his calling, and is a man of influence in his county, where he has held several local offices, and is a pious member of the Methodist church, while his wife is equally devoted to the Baptist faith. The father of Daniel was also a farmer of New York state, had born to him two sons and one daughter, and lived to an advanced age. His wife's father, John Secor, was likewise a farmer, was county surveyor for a number of years, and also lived to reach old age. John A. Bennett, the subject, was reared on his father's farm in Niagara county and was educated, like most other farmer lads, in the district school. At the age of eighteen years, however, he left the homestead and came to Ohio, and for two years worked in the shipyards at Cleveland. He then returned to the home farm, on which he assisted ,until his health failed, when he went to New Orleans, La., but, failing to recuperate, he in a short time returned to his home, where he was confined to his bed on account of his illness. Still in search of health he made a trip to Georgia, where he passed one summer, and, somewhat improved, returned to New York. The rigorous climate of the north still being too severe for his constitution, he made yet another trip to Georgia, where, in a short time, fortunately, he gained fifty pounds in his avoirdupois, and full health was apparently restored to him, and he again returned to the north. In 1887 he came to Ravenna, but still continued, nevertheless, his peregrinations through the eastern, southern and northern states for three years longer, securing for himself, in the meantime, an excellent peach orchard of too acres in Georgia. Charmed with the beauty of Ravenna, however, he made the city his 198 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD permanent home and engaged in his present extensive coal business and its collateral branches. Mr. Bennett was married, in 1876, to Miss Frances Foster, daughter of Thomas Foster, and to this marriage was born one child, Cora Louise. Mrs. Bennett having passed away in 1879, Mr. Bennett next married, in 1882, Miss Emma G. Carmer, daughter of Benjamin F. Carmer. Mr. Bennett is a member of the Royal Arcanum and in politics is a republican. As a business man he has been very successful, being prompt in filling the orders of his patrons and attentive to their needs. His integrity has never been questioned, and his plain, straightforward methods have won for him a constant increase of custom. Socially, he and wife are held in high esteem by their neighbors and friends, of whom they have made many since their residence in Ravenna. WILLIAM BERGIN, a prominent and prosperous farmer and dealer in live stock, Franklin township, Portage county, was born in Northfield, Summit county, Ohio, February 11, 1844. Patrick Bergin, father of William, was a native of county Kings, Ireland, was born in 181 5, came to the United States in 1842, and settled in Northfield, Summit county, where he was chiefly employed in clearing up land and in farming. He first married, in England, Mrs. Mary Robinson, whose maiden name was France, and who was a native of Yorkshire, England. To this union were born three children, of whom John and William still survive, while Mary lost her life by drowning when eleven years old. Mrs. Mary Bergin died in September, 1847, at the age of thirty-three years, and was a most amiable and adorable woman. The second marriage of Mr. Bergin was with Ellen Donahue, a Catholic in religion, but to this union there was no issue. Mr. Bergin died in the holy faith February 14, 1872, at the age of fifty-seven years, an honored and respected man, and Mrs. Ellen Bergin expired February 22, 1895, at the advanced age of eighty-six years. William Bergin, whose name opens this biography, lived on his father's farm until his seventeenth year, receiving his education in the district school, and then was employed as a clerk in the grocery, provision and liquor store of a Mr. Donahue, at Ravenna, and this position he retained six years. February I I, 1867, he married Miss Mary McNamara, a daughter of John and Bridget (Murphy) McNamara, and this union has been blessed with three children, of whom Mary E. died December 13, 1867, aged one month; Ann T. and Ellen are the names of the surviving two. In 1867 Mr. Bergin passed a few months on the old homestead, but in the fall removed to Iowa, where he engaged in the grocery trade, but, owing to the ill health of his wife, returned to Ohio eight months later and bought a half-interest in his brother's farm south of Ravenna, on which he resided one year, when he removed to the city, where he was engaged in the wholesale butchering business until 1872. He then settled on his present farm, where he has since been engaged in general farming and stockraising, and is widely known among horsemen as a breeder of some of the fastest trotting horses in the country. In politics Mr. Bergin is very prominent as a democrat and has served as school director for several years. He was also a meMber of the fire department while residing in Ravenna, and served from October 3, 1863, until October 3, 1868, and for the past ten years he has served as a director and superintendent of the Portage county Agricultural society, in which he takes a deep interest. Mrs. Mary Bergin was born in county Kil- OF PORTAGE AND SUMMIT COUNTIES - 199 kenny, Ireland, May 26, 1841, and was brought to America in 1852 by her parents, who first located in Earlville, Ohio, and afterward removed to Ravenna. Patrick McNamara, paternal grandfather of Mrs. Bergin, was a farmer and the father of eight children. Thomas Murphy, her maternal grandfather, married Miss Mary Grace, and was blessed with a family of thirteen children. John McNamara, father of Mrs. Bergin, was born in county Kilkenny, Ireland, was a railroad man, and to his marriage with Miss Bridget Murphy were horn four children beside Mrs. Bergin, viz.: Richard, who was killed on a railroad in 1854, at the age of nine years; Ann died March 3, 1891, aged forty-eight years, and Patrick now lives in California. Mr. McNamara, the father, passed away October 19, 1889, at the age of seventy-eight years, his wife having preceded him to the grave March 23, 1887, aged seventy-eight. Mr. and Mrs. Bergin stand very high in the social circles of Franklin township, and the business name of Mr. Bergin is without a stain. JOHN B. BETZ, a well-known farmer and ex-soldier of Norton township, Summit county, Ohio, was born in this township, on the farm owned by Cyrus Miller, and has been identified with the agricultural interests of Norton township all his life. Abraham Betz, great-grandfather of subject, was a native of Philadelphia, Pa., was born August 14, 1743, and married Eva Batters, who was born October I, 1761. John Betz (1st), son of above and grandfather of subject, was born February 28, 1773, and married Catherine Troxal, who was born May 2, 1778. He was in early life a school-teacher and was of deep religious convictions, and was the founder of the Betz family in Summit county, Ohio, having first located in Chippewa township, Medina county, whence he moved to Norton township, Summit county—the latter county having been formed in March, 1840, from parts of Medina, Portage and Stark counties. Here he purchased a large tract of wooded land, filled with deer and other game, but lived to improve, or clear, the greater portion of it, and died May 14, 1852, one of the most honored and substantial citizens of the township and county. His widow survived until June 5, 1862, when she, too, was called away, venerated by all who knew her. John Betz (2d), son of above and father of subject, was born in the Keystone state March 15, 1808, and there married Rebecca Beyer, who was born January 27, 1807. Shortly after marriage he came with the family in wagons to Chippewa township, as above mentioned, and a little later bought the farm of 160 acres in Norton township on which Cyrus Miller now lives. The land was all new and improved with a log cabin only. Here he underwent all the hardships of pioneer life, but succeeded in developing from the wilderness a comfortable home, and accumulated a great deal of other valuable property. He rose to great prominence among his fellow-citizens, and as a democrat was honored by being elected to fill almost all the township offices. He was a devout member of the Methodist Episcopal church, which he aided financially with great liberality, and was one who carried his religious convictions into the affairs of his every-day life. He was never known to use profane language on any occasion whatever. This respected pioneer, while on a visit to his soldier-sons in Union camp during the Civil war, was seized with camp fever, and on his return home died, as he had lived, an exalted Christian, February 1, 1863. His widow survived until December 18, 1887, when she also expired in the same religious faith. The chil-