EXISTING COUNTY OFFICERS Probate Judge - A. Edgar Hammond Clerk of Courts - P. E. Jones Sheriff - Harley McNabb Auditor - J. W. Quinn County Commissioner - Thomas J. Price County Commissioner - John W. Klinger County Commissioner - James T. Murray Treasurer - David J. Lewis Recorder - Ida J. Miller Surveyor - Evans Rees Prosecuting Attorney  - John W. Dugan Coroner - H. R. Minshull PERRY COUNTY TELEPHONE HISTORY The first Bell Telephone pay station was installed in Montgomery & Thacker's Grocery Store, New Lexington, in 1887. The first telephone exchange in New Lexington was established in the summer of 1897 by Mr. L. K. Mihill of Akron, Ohio, under the name of U. S. Hunnings Telephone Company, serving about ten subscribers. Soon after the exchange was in operation, two toll lines were SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 313 built. One line terminated at Somerset, Ohio, and the other terminated at Roseville, Ohio. The first line serving rural subscribers was built in 1898. In 1900 Messrs. Allen and Ross organized the Sunday Creek Telephone Company. The Central Union Telephone Company opened an exchange in 1902 with about eighteen subscribers. On June 1, 1905, the Sunday Creek Telephone Company and the Central Union Telephone Company merged into the Perry County Telephone Company which operated exchanges at New Lexington, Somerset, Corning, New Straitsville, Shawnee, and Crooksville. On May 1st, 1927, the Perry County Telephone Company sold its properties to The Ohio Bell Telephone Company. CHAPTER CXIX JAMES COMLY WAS THE FOUNDER OF NEW LEXINGTON TOWN WRESTED COUNTY SEAT FROM SOMERSET IN 1857-HAD BUT 100 INHABITANTS IN 1840 - INDUSTRIAL GROWTH HAS BEEN GOOD IN RECENT YEARS-ROOFING TILE SHIPPED TO FOREIGN LANDS-STREETS ALL PAVED AND ELECTRICALLY LIGHTED-MODERN WELL SYSTEM OF WATER WORKS-A MOTORIZED VOLUNTEER FIRE DEPARTMENT-SEVEN HOUSES OF WORSHIP SUPPORTED. James Comly, father of James M. Comly, whose career is briefly sketched elsewhere in this work, founded New Lexington and named it in honor of the Massachusetts Lexington of Revolu-tionary fame. He was of Quaker stock and a fine type of pioneer. His New Lexington lots were sold at auction and they ranged in price from $20 to $50. The town grew slowly ; by 1840 its popu-lation was but 100; by 1880, but 1,357; in 1920 it had grown to 3,157 inhabitants. A census taken in 1926 by the Kiwanis Club indicated a population of 4,200. When the county seat was transferred from Somerset to New Lexington the courthouse and jail were ready for it, standing at the corner of Main and Brown streets on ground donated for the purpose by James Comly. The county building's had been built by the "Friends of Removal" with funds obtained through popular subscription. Samuel Feigley, of New Lexington, was the contractor. The removal law of 1851 provided that New Lexington must erect, free of cost to the county, a suitable courthouse and jail acceptable to the county commissioners and these were duly accepted in 1857. In 1909 when Phil M. Cullinan issued his "Book of Perry County" the county seat was described as a "healthy" village with good graded schools, 12 teachers and 739 pupils, a $30,000 public school building having just been erected. There was a school and public library. The St. Aloysius Female Academy was described as an educator of pupils from all over this country and - 315 - 21-VOL. 2 316 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO from foreign lands and with a new $75,000 addition to its buildings. There were three banks, eight churches, a planing mill and lumber yard, three grist mills, a sawmill and a foundry. Since then much all around progress has been made especially in industry. A list of 1928 manufactories follows : NEW LEXINGTON'S MANUFACTORIES The town is not only a good agricultural trading center, but maintains factories manufacturing roofing tile, brick and other clay products, a foundry, and several small metal and wood-working industries. Ludowici Celadon Tile Plant—Is a manufacturing industry in which the people, not only of New Lexington, but of the entire county, take an especial pride. The plant is located a short distance west of the railroad station at New Lexington and is said to be the largest roofing tile plant in the United States, if not in the world, and its products are shipped to all parts of this country and to foreign lands. Its terra cotta roofing tiles are superior to anything of like nature produced elsewhere. The buildings and machinery are complete in all respects, the latest and most mod-ern inventions being used. More than three hundred men are constantly employed at the plant and orders are always greater than the output. T. J. Chadwick is superintendent, succeeding Sam Frew, who died shortly after his efforts brought recognition to the plant. The Star Manufacturing Co.—This is one of the oldest industrial institutions of the county. In recent years its production has been somewhat limited but by the re-incorporation which was completed in the fall of 1927, a new outlook exists. This plant has been in operation for nearly sixty years and has made a steady and healthy growth. It was started in 1871 by J. W. Woodcock and J. H. Kelly for the purpose of manufacturing feed grinders, stoves, plows, etc. In 1875 the firm was J. W. Woodcock, Sons & Co., and in 1885, J. S. Woodcock and C. T. DeVelling purchased the property and the name was changed to Farmer's Choice Feed Mill Co. In 1886 F. A. Kelly purchased the interests of Mr. DeVelling and the name was changed to the Star Manufacturing Co., as it is known today. At this time an additional line was added in the manufacture of mine cars for the rapidly developing coal operations in Southern Ohio. On June 1, 1895, SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 317 Mr. Kelly's interest was taken by Luther Stewart, H. F. Acker and A. J. Ward. On January 1, 1903, the business was incor-porated under the name of The Star Manufacturing Co., with a capital of $50,000. During these years additions were built, and in 1903 the plant was remodeled and additions made. In recent years additional brick buildings have been constructed and the property, which spreads over several acres, is covered by commodious and modern buildings. New Lexington has inexhaustible quantities of the finest and best clays for the manufacture of pottery ware, sewer pipe, tile roofing, press and fire brick and has seams of first-class grade of moulding and plastering. sands. Ohio White Brick Company—A new era in the manufacture of brick has come in New Lexington under the supervision of C. B. Young, in property recently vacated by the Central Refractories Company, formerly the New Lexington Press Brick Company. This recently organized company is gaining wide recognition for the white-face brick which it is manufacturing. The company has received inquiries from all over the United States and foreign countries regarding the marketing. of their product. Snider-Flautt Lumber Company—This concern is located on the Pennsylvania Railroad east of the station, and is a large distributor of building. supplies. Branches of this concern are found in Somerset and Zanesville. Wm. Welker is executive of the local plant. A MODERN COUNTY SEAT Its streets in general are paved and lighted electrically. New Lexington is putting down additional paving in 1928 which practically completes the street improvement in the residence and business districts. Only a few outlying roadways remain to be paved. The streets are seventy-five per cent improved. New Lexington maintains a strictly volunteer fire-fighting organization under Chief I. G. Natcher. Other members of the department consist of one assistant chief, two lieutenants and eighteen others. Drills are held about every two weeks during the summer months. The apparatus is kept in a room in the town hall, a two-story brick building. Two new pieces of motor-driven fire apparatus were delivered in December, 1923, replacing hand-power devices which were in use for years. 318 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO One of these is a Dodge-Graham 1 1/2-ton truck carrying a 275- gallon-per-minute pump, 1,200 feet of 21/2-inch cotton rubber-lined hose, 250 feet of 1-inch water hose and a reel; two hand chemical extinguishers; 14-foot roof ladder and a 25-foot extension ladder. The other truck, a Dodge, has a three-quarter ton capacity, two 40-gallon chemicals; 400 feet of chemical hose; and four portable chemical extinguishers, etc. Located in a separate building is an old hand-drawn 4-wheeled ladder-truck. The fire alarm is an electric siren operated either from the telephone exchange or from a switch on the street in front of the town hall. There is also a weighted trip fire bell. At night the telephone exchange endeavors to call all the firemen individually, in addition to sounding the general alarm. The telephone ex-change is located in a two-story brick building with incombustible roof. There are about 1,000 telephones connected locally. MODERN WATER WORKS New Lexington has municipally owned water works with a one-story brick pumping station, in which is housed a combined gravity and direct pressure system, but seldom operated as a direct pressure. Water from several drilled wells is forced by small motor driven pumps into two receiving wells from which it is forced directly into the mains by a new motor driven triplex pump having a rated capacity of 300 gallons per minute, the excess going to a 66,000-gallon elevated steel tank. The average daily consumption is about 45,000 gallons and the maximum about 60,000 gallons. There are no very large consumers, as practically all industries have their own water supply. There are approximately 300 service connections, all of which are metered. There are ten drilled wells, two of which are active. They vary in depth from 80 to 300 feet. The capacity of each is generally limited by its individual pump, ranging from about 20 to 35 gallons per minute. The total amount available at present is about 150 gallons a minute. The wells discharge into a new receiving well forty feet in diameter and ten feet deep, with a capacity of 94,000 gallons. This well connects with another re-ceiving well having a capacity of 33,000 gallons. The total low-storage capacity is 127,000 gallons. An elevated steel tank gives pressures of from 55 to 60 pounds SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 319 in the mercantile district and approximately 100 pounds in the manufacturing district. There are approximately 5.7 miles of pipe in the distribution system, which includes some 67 hydrants. SEVEN HOUSES OF WORSHIP SUPPORTED The following religious census was taken during the spring. of 1926 by the local Kiwanis Club, in connection with their intention to ascertain the population of the village at that time, which figured 4,197—of that number there were fifty more females than males. Methodist Episcopal Church, Rev. A. P. Cherrington, pastor. Membership, 1,359. St. Rose Catholic Church, Rev. Fr. A. A. Cush, pastor. Membership, 1,283. Holy Trinity Lutheran Church, Rev. C. H. Herrnstein, pastor. Membership, 244. First Presbyterian Church, Rev. John H. Wicherson, pastor. Membership, 218. United Brethren Church, Rev. Paul H. Brake, pastor. Membership, 176. Baptist Church, Rev. J. M. Cosby, pastor. Membership, 229. Church of Christ—No permanent pastor. Membership, 94. THE NEW LEXINGTON METHODISTS The few Methodists among the early settlers of Pike Township had their membership with the church at Rehoboth. Asa Brown organized the first Methodist class or society at New Lexington about the year 1832. The society was regularly continued, and prayer and class meetings held at private houses. George Gardner, of Rehoboth, a local minister, probably preached the first Methodist sermon in New Lexington. It was his custom to walk over through the woods and preach, by appointment, at the old log Baptist Church, where he was sure to have hearers of all denominations. The New Lexington Methodists prospered, but in consequence of the near proximity of the Rehoboth Church and another (Saf-fells) three miles west, together with the smallness of the village itself, the society did not build a house of worship until 1840, when a neat frame was erected upon the site of the present building. 320 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO The frame church was used from 1840 until 1875, when it accidentally caught fire and was consumed. The loss was not considered very great, though the house had answered a good purpose. The present large, elegant and substantial brick structure was soon after built. The walls were erected in 1875, and the Sunday school, or lecture room, finished in 1876. This is, itself, an audience room of large size, and church, Sunday school, and all other services, were held in it until 1880, when the principal audience-room was completed, and the church formally dedicated. Rev. A. P. Cherrington is the present pastor of the church, which is located on South High Street. Reverend Cherrington succeeded Rev. C. H. Borror, who in turn succeeded Rev. A. J. Hawk. Reverend Hawk now occupies the pulpit in Newark and Reverend Borror is in Columbus. HOLY TRINITY EVANGELICAL UNION Thirty-seven faithful men and women were convinced that the Evangelical Lutheran Church had a place to fill in New Lexington and because of this conviction a congregation was organized on July 14, 1867, and a church building was erected. Tradition tells that it was with a great struggle and with much sacrifice that the congregation secured a church home. Three families were moved by their loyalty to the cause to sell part of their land to help the congregation meet its obligations. This was not forced upon them but they gave gladly that the church of their choice should gain a foothold in this community. From incomplete records and from tradition we gather that Rev. George Yung, under whose leadership Holy Trinity was organized, became the first pastor of the congregation. He was then serving the Junction City parish. Reverend Yung. served Holy Trinity faithfully from 1867 until 1877. The week of June 6, 1926, was devoted to the dedication of the new house of worship. Rev. C. H. Herrnstein is the present pastor. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, NEW LEXINGTON The New Lexington Presbyterian Church was organized in October, 1837, with nineteen members who had moved from the Unity Presbyterian Church located within seven miles of New SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 321 Lexington. The old church was located on North High Street until about 1916 when the former Protestant Episcopal Church building was acquired by the congregation, located at South Main and Church streets. Since then the adjoining building on Main Street was bought in 1925 and in 1927 the next building on Main Street was added to the property, so that at present the church holdings are covering approximately an area of 1,200 square feet, besides a beautiful modern manse of ten rooms located on Mill Street. The church has a membership of about seventy-five families and expects to remodel the present facilities and to cover the whole tract with a modern building at a cost of $25,000. The present pastor is Rev. John H. Wicherson, a graduate of Omaha Theological Seminary. The present officers are : The Session, William E. Berg, James H. McCrosky, Lewis McDonald, Vernon A. Park, Garfield D. Teal and J. S. Woodcock ; the trustees, George W. Tharpe, president ; George E. Turner, secretary, and Loren Moore, treasurer. FIRST UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH The first class of twenty members was organized at Bristol in October, 1870, in the old Baptist Church, since abandoned. Later services were held in homes and the Sowers' barn. A church building of hewn timbers was constructed in April, 1873. It was enlarged and repaired in 1902 and 1914 respectively. The oldest living. member is Mrs. S. W. Spurbeck, who has been a constant member for fifty-eight years, and still delights to attend the services. New Lexington United Brethren Church was organized by Conference Evangelist A. B. Cox in the vacated old Presbyterian Church building on High Street. Mr. and Mrs. M. D. King gave a clear deed to a lot on South Main Street where the present church building stands. Under the ministry of Rev. A. P. Cohagen the basement was dedicated in 1924. Rev. S. R. Shaw was the next minister. The new church auditorium was built under the pastorate of Rev. H. B. Welch. Bishop A. R. Clippinger of Dayton, Ohio, dedicated the church in August, 1927. The church building is a monument to the sacrifice and devotion of Mr. and Mrs. M. D. King. The value of the edifice is $25,000. The present pastor is Rev. Paul H. Brake, who was 322 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO born in Buckhannon, W. Va. He took his first college work in West Virginia Wesleyan, is a graduate of Otterbein College and took postgraduate work in Ohio State University. Reverend Brake is a singer and a violinist. THE NEW LEXINGTON BAPTIST CHURCH It was organized October 4, 1845, and the sermon was preached by Elder Madden. The Council convened and elected Elder L. Madden, chairman, and Jesse Skinner, clerk. The church was organized with sixteen charter members. Elder Furgason was the first pastor, followed by Rev. B. Y. Seigfried. This was during the years 1855 to 1863. Beginning with January, 1865, to 1887, the church had some seven or more pastors. These pastors are as follows: Rev. C. N. Harford, Reverend Sharp, Rev. William Marlow, J. Chambers, Rev. G. W. Churchill, Rev. S. C. Tussing and Rev. John Kyle. The church has been a power for good both in its interest for Sunday School and missionary work. An active Women's Missionary Society has been maintained for years and their reports to associational gatherings have indicated splendid work performed. The original building was a large frame, second in seating. capacity in town. It burned February 18, 1900. This was replaced by the present brick building, erected 1900, dedicated November 30, 1902, during the pastorate of Reverend La Blond. After Reverend LaBlond closed his work with the church Rev. W. T. Bailey was called, in 1904, serving until 1907, when Rev. B. F. Yelton was called to the pastorate, closing his work April 1, 1909. From the year 1909 the church was served with the following pastors : Reverend Moody, under whose pastorate the name was changed from the Second Baptist to the New Lex-ington Baptist; Reverend Beckett, Reverend Sealy. Rev. A. G. Adriance closed his pastoral relations November 27, 1919. Before Reverend Adriance left this field, Rev. Charles Walsh was extended a call which he accepted and served for three years. Rev. S. A. Sherman was called October 1, 1922, remaining until April, 1925. Rev. J. M. Cosby was called the ninth of July, 1925, and still serves the church at this time. During the pastorate of Rev. C. Walsh, a modern six-room SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 325 parsonage,was erected, the last payment being. made in the fall of 1925. Eighty-three years of active work might be said to be the record of this church. The present membership is 110. ST. ROSE'S CATHOLIC CHURCH This New Lexington church was organized in 1868. In June of that year the property at the corner of Main and Water streets was purchased by Samuel Koons. The brick house which stood upon the lot was remodeled and converted into a temporary church building. St. Rose's Church was organized under the ministry of Rev. Father Adams. There were few or no Catholic families among the very early settlers of New Lexington and Pike Township. Before the Catholic population of the township had become numerous churches had been established at St. Josephs, St. Patricks and Rehoboth, and a little later at McLuney and South Fork. The resident Catholics of the town and township were accustomed to attend one or the other of these neighboring churches. Occasionally a priest would come and hold religious worship at private houses in New Lexington. But as the Catholic population of the town and township increased the establishment of a church in New Lexington was agitated and eventually ended in the purchase of property and the organization of St. Rose's congregation, as stated. The old remodeled brick house was used about ten years and then torn down and replaced by the present large and imposing. structure, in 1880. It was dedicated early in 1881, Bishop Watterson and other distinguished clergymen being present. The new church edifice is elegant and substantial, and has recently been redecorated. Rev. Fr. A. A. Cush is the present pastor and has spent nearly thirty years in this capacity. NEW LEXINGTON PUBLIC SCHOOLS Members of Board of Education—C. O. Beckett, president; J. E. Evans, vice president; J. W. Kimball, C. A. Robinson, W. E. Pletcher, C. R. Ridenour, clerk. School executives--Arthur Swartz, superintendent; Thomas W. Morgan, principal of high school ; T. R. Walraven, principal .of grade school. 326 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO Number of teachers—Grade school, 11 (grades 1-6) ; high school, 18 (grades 7-12). Enrollment—Grade school, 386; high school, 371. Number of buildings—Grade school, 2; high school, 1. HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING Date of construction, 1925-26; cost, $225,000. Class rooms, 15. Laboratory—Equipment for general science, biology, physics, chemistry. Home economics—Kitchen: Gas range, 8 plates; built-in cup-boards. Dining room : Cafeteria and sewing (6 machines). Demonstration: Accommodates 24. Fruit room and supply room. Manual training—Bench room, 23 benches; machine room, joiner, surfacer, band saw, rip saw, lathe, wood and metal, six-wheel oilstone, emery stone. Products of J. Fay Egan & Co. Agriculture. Music room, library-900 volumes. Offices—Superintendent, principal. Auditorium, gymnasium, dressing rooms—(3), teachers' rest rooms—(2), washrooms and toilets—(boys 3, girls 3), janitor's room, ware room. Courses of study—Professional, English, commercial, normal. CHAPTER CXX BUSY, MODERN, PROGRESSIVE CROOKSVILLE STARTED WITH FOUR HOUSES IN 1867-POPULATION 835 IN 1900 AND NOW NEARLY 4,000 - JOSEPH E. CROOKS THE FIRST POSTMASTER - HOME BUILDERS GOT BUSY IN 1903, WHEN GUY E. CROOKS TURNED A FARM INTO LOTS- POPULATION IS 100 PER CENT AMERICAN AND WHITE-TOWN HAS PAVED STREETS, ELECTRIC LIGHTS, MOTORIZED FIRE DE-PARTMENT AND $100,000 WATER WORKS-OHIO POWER CO'S GREAT SUB-STATION IN OPERATION AT CROOKSVILLE - CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS WELL SUPPORTED - GREAT CLAY-WORKING CENTER - NATURAL GAS AND OIL IN THE MIDST OF EXTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT. Few if any Ohio towns approximating Crooksville's present size have had a more rapid growth, are busier industrially and commercially, more nearly ideal in qualities of population, and more city like in the possession of paved and electrically lighted streets, modern water works and fire department. Its growth has been striking: In 1867 there were four houses; in 1900 the population was 835; today its inhabitants number about 3,700. It was incorporated in 1894. Crooksville is largely a clayworking center and its first pot-shop was started in 1846 by Larzelere Burley, a very small "blue bird" pottery. When Joseph E. Crooks arrived in 1867 there were but the four houses referred to. All around was the forest but he opened a store. The spot was then known as Reed's Station, a stopping place, when flagged, on the Cincinnati, Wilmington and Zanesville Railroad. JOSEPH E. CROOKS, FIRST POSTMASTER In 1869 this pioneer and founder thought Reed's should have a postmaster and applied for the place. The department made the appointment, but there being another Reed's post office in Ohio the new office was named Crooksville in honor of the appointee. Twenty years later the railroad company followed suit, thus seconding the honor paid Joseph E. Crooks. Meanwhile the first coal mine opened on a considerable scale was Addison Palmer's. - 327 - 328 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO It was located on the east side of the village. From the activities of this mine and those which followed and from the growing importance of the place's potteries came the forward moving Crooksville. THEN CAME THE HOME-BUILDING With the dawn of the present century arose a difficulty which somewhat checked rapid development—the housing and feeding. of workers being brought in from other pottery centers. It be-came plain to Guy E. Crooks, only son of Joseph E. Crooks, then a manufacturer of stoneware at Crooksville and now general manager of the Crooksville China Company, that operatives must have lots on which to build homes. BOUGHT A FARM AND LAID IT OUT Accordingly, in 1903, he acquired the 71-acre Elizabeth Brown farm, situated just west of his plant, turned it into lots and put them on the market. In a short time this tract which had cost $15,000, was for the most part purchased by home-builders and Mr. Crooks had realized $20,000. This was the be-ginning of the new Crooksville. Progress was rapid and constant from that time forward, all classes of citizens joining in efforts to build up an industrial and commercial center. Organization for that purpose brought into existence in 1925 a Chamber of Commerce which has been active and influential and which has a membership of 175. Earl Crooks is the president and Clinton L. Dean is secretary. A GOOD PLACE TO LIVE IN The town's two banks, which are mentioned on another page, answer to her need for banking facilities. The character of her population is quite unique for an industrial center, it being. 100% white and American. Transportation facilities are admirable, Pennsylvania and New York Central lines both passing through the town. The surrounding hills are full of clay and coal, while within and all around the place are many producing oil and gas wells. Great care is given to education. Five buildings house the public schools, which are modern institutions. There are four houses of worship which are practically new and one of which is Catholic. SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 329 OTHER POSSESSIONS AND ADVANTAGES The sub-station built at Crooksville by the Ohio Power Co., of Philo, Muskingum County, is the pride of the town because of its immensity, its importance as a distributor of electricity to a large outside territory and its value as a source of power to Crooksville's many industries. Paved streets, electric lights, a motorized volunteer fire department costing $5,000, and a new water works system are outstanding proofs of Crooksville's progressiveness. The latter is being installed at the dawn of 1928. It includes a filtration plant and a reservoir located on a hill just east of town which is 235 feet above the business center. The pipes will have a combined length of ten miles and a full quota of fire plugs will be attached. The system will cost $100,000. CROOKSVILLE MANUFACTORIES They make an extraordinary showing for a town of 4,000 population. The clayworking. factories are: The A. E. Hull Pottery Company, two plants, No. 1, making utility ware and No. 2, floor and wall tile. Burley & Winter Pottery Company, two plants, stoneware. Crooksville China Company, tableware. Crooksville Pottery Company, Star Stoneware Company and Muskingum Pottery Company, all stoneware. Other industries are : A. G. Day, barrels and crates; G. W. Spring, lumber; W. J. Day, ice plant. Numerous Crooksville clay mines supply the local stoneware plants with clay and ship to outside potteries. THE RICH CROOKSVILLE OIL AND GAS FIELD In an earlier chapter the discovery and development of Perry County's oil and gas riches are set forth as reported by the Ohio Geological Survey in the year 1903. Information concerning drilling. and production between that time and the beginning of recent activities in and near Crooksville is not available, but we are enabled to give a general idea of the situation there at the close of 1927. The new development began in 1908-09, north of Crooksville, and took on new activity in 1924 when many good producers came 330 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO in, the oil being known as of the Pennsylvania grade, one of high quality. The drills have been driven to the ClintIn sand, which is found at a depth of about 3,500 feet and each well sunk to that rock has cost from $13,000 to $15,000. WONDERFUL OIL AND GAS FIELD It is impossible to write a complete history of recent oil and gas development in the Crooksville field because that field continues to make new history right along.. The year 1927 closed with great activity throughout the field and the eventful weeks of January, 1928, were marked by the "coming in" of new wells almost every day and some of them on lots located in the very center of the town. In its issue of January 30, 1928, the Zanesville Times Recorder printed a picture of Crooksville showing the location in or very near the town of eleven derricks. We copy the story printed beneath the view as the very latest report upon the wonderful situation at Crooksville : "Zanesville has its world famous 'Y' bridge and Southeastern Ohio its natural beauty and resources, but Perry County, especially Crooksville, has her oil. Latest evidence that Crooksville is the Seminole field of Ohio came Saturday when the Wehrle Company, of Newark, drilled in a big. gusher on the Pletcher property, which is in the heart of the Perry County town. The Wehrle well showed an initial production of 240 barrels, while estimates ranged as high as 500 barrels. "The Crooksville field has attracted oil and gas promoters from far and wide and the excitement seems to have no climax. Steady drilling- operations have continued since the discovery of a good oil well on the Sowers farm, two months ago. This well produced 347 barrels of Pennsylvania grade oil on the first day, and reliable reports yesterday were that it was making better than 130 barrels at present. "Zanesville and Muskingum County capital is invested in the new, field and the eyes of experienced promoters and oil and gas men are focused on Crooksville. Confident that the field will hold up, the Jarecki Manufacturing Company, a nationally known oil and gas well supply concern, has leased the G. W. Spring property, in Crooksville, and will erect a portable building for the sale of supplies and other necessary material for drilling purposes. SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 331 "Pay sand is reached at a depth of 3,500 feet, and the formation averages fifty feet. The Crawley well, near the Ford garage, is expected in this week, as well as the Dregg well, on the heights. "The Crooksville field is attracting the attention of oil men throughout the state and the prediction is made that the coming spring and summer will witness some remarkable development. It is believed that much territory which has been regarded as 'wild cat' will be tested within the next few months as the big strikes made have convinced experts that the territory is not nearly so restricted as has been generally believed." 22-VOL. 2 GUERNSEY COUNTY CHAPTER CXXI EVEN HILLY GUERNSEY HAD THE MOUND BUILDER A CEMETERY, VILLAGE SITE, ENCLOSURE AND ELEVEN MOUNDS MAKE UP THE COUNTY'S EARTHWORKS-FIVE INDIAN VILLAGES ALSO RECORDED BUT THE REDSKINS WERE NOT TROUBLESOME-ABOUT 100 PAID GUERNSEY A LATE CALL AND THE SQUAWS WORKED WHILE THE BUCKS LOAFED-DAVID ROBB BECAME AN INDIAN AGENT. Southeastern Ohio as a section is rich in prehistoric remains, with Licking, Perry, Muskingum and Washington counties in the lead, while the territory now known as Guernsey County exhibits comparatively few evidences of occupation by those unknown peoples who built mounds, enclosures, effigies, etc., and whose village sites have presented to the archeologist various signs of collective activities. Dr. William C. Mills, curator of the Ohio Archeological and Historical Society and author of that valuable publication "Archeological Atlas of Ohio," refers as follows to Guernsey County : ELEVEN MOUNDS IN THE COUNTY "Guernsey County, with its rugged topography, its few streams and narrow valleys did not offer very favorable conditions for aboriginal settlement and therefore is sparse in number of earthworks. Eleven mounds have been recorded in the county, besides an enclosure, a cemetery and a village site. Monroe Township leads with six mounds, Millwood has three and Liberty one. Despite the relative scarcity of earthworks many fine archeological specimens of flint stone and other materials have been found in the county, showing at least a temporary occupation of considerable importance. Washington Township has one enclosure - 333 - 334 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO and Oxford a village site. The totals are : Mounds, eleven and enclosures, village sites and cemeteries one each." FIVE INDIAN TOWNS IN GUERNSEY Sarchet in his history of the county takes exception to the assertion that no Indian villages had existed in Guernsey County territory. He adds that there were at least five of them : Old Town, above Byesville ; one at the Fish Basket, north of Cambridge ; one on Salt Fork Creek ; one on Indian Camp Run and one on Bird's Run. Sarchet says also that the Delawares, Shawnees, Wyandottes and Mingos resorted to Guernsey waters because of the fish they contained and of the riffles where they could securely set their fish baskets. He adds that in September, 1834, a group of Indians visited Cambridge and quotes the Guernsey Times as announcing that a band of them were in camp near the town, buttressing the remarkable statement with the testimony of "an eyewitness." In 1805 five Indian families resided in the Cambridge vicinity. Two brothers, named Jim and Bill Lyons, had huts. These Indians hunted in that neighborhood during the summer, and when winter came would pack up and move off to Big Stillwater, where they had a sort of Indian town. They were, however, very friendly and not troublesome. In one respect the Lyons brothers were an exception among Indians—they didn't like whiskey. DAVID ROBB, INDIAN AGENT In August, 1831, the first treaty for the removal of the Indians from Ohio was made, and in September, 1832, the first removals were made by David Robb and H. A. Workman. The tribes removed were Shawnees and Senecas. David Robb had been a former prominent citizen and official of Guernsey County, was sheriff and senator and representative in the Legislature and publisher and editor of the Washington Republican, the first democratic paper of Guernsey County, published at "Little" Washington. He was appointed Indian agent by President Jackson. David Robb published a very interesting history of his connection with the Indians (as agent) in the Bellefontaine Republican, and of his several overland journeys with them to their new "hunting grounds" west of the Mississippi River. SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 335 ONE HUNDRED REDSKINS VISITED CAMBRIDGE Their camp was south of Gaston Avenue, on the site later known as "Silver Cliff." The ridge then was covered with oak and beech trees. The campers, about one hundred men, women and children, got water from a spring in the old Asher-Williams lot. They tarried ten days or more. "They wore, when they wore anything (for it was warm and pleasant weather), the usual Indian dress of blankets and breech-clouts. The men were peaceful and quiet, except when they had been presented too freely with 'whisk'," says an old writer. Their arms were bows and arrows and tomahawks. The women peddled Indian trinkets; the men were busy mostly in shooting with their bows and arrows at "fips and levies," prizes set up in split sticks driven in the ground. The principal shooting place was in the street west of the Hutchinson tavern. The squaws enjoyed the sport and cheered the lucky Indian who took the prize, while the papooses, tied to boards hung on the squaws' backs or rested against a building.. THE BUCKS LOAFED WHILE SQUAWS WORKED These Indians came from the south with a few old wagons and carts. Tent poles and trappings were tied to the necks of ponies and horses and left to drag upon the ground. The squaws did most of the work, while the bucks rode horses. The older men and women and the small children rode in the wagons and carts. Some of the squaws rode the ponies double, some sidewise and some astride. With the tribe were two white women. Captured in infancy they were the apparently happy wives of two big., lazy bucks. CHAPTER CXXII COUNTY, TOWNSHIPS AND TOWNS ORGANIZE GUERNSEY CREATED MARCH 10, 1810, AND NAMED AFTER ISLE IN THE OLD WORLD-LAND CAME FROM BELMONT AND MUSKINGUM COUNTIES- COURTHOUSE CONTRACT LET IN 1811-THIRTY-NINE LASHES LAID ON COUNTERFEITER'S BACK AT THE WHIPPING POST-GOMBER AND BEATTY GAVE GROUND AND BUILDING TO SECURE' COUNTY SEAT FOR CAMBRIDGE-COUNTY SEAT HAD FOUR CHURCHES AND AN ACADEMY IN 1839. One of the men who helped to survey Guernsey County territory was George Metcalf, then a young man. He was charmed with the locality and urged his home folk to effect settlements here. He prevailed upon Jacob Gomber, his father-in-law, and Zaccheus A. Beatty, brother-in-law of Gomber, to purchase a quarter of a township (four thousand acres), upon which the city of Cambridge is now situated. The survey was completed in 1804 and the land was subject to entry at two dollars per acre. Settlements were soon made in different parts of the county. FIRST COMMISSIONERS SOON TOOK HOLD Prior to March 10, 1810, the date of the legislative act creating Guernsey County, all territory which is now included in this county west of the eastern boundary of what is now Wills Township, Madison Township, and Washington Township, was a part of Muskingum County. East of the present Township of Londonderry, Oxford and Millwood formed a part of Belmont County. The county was called Guernsey in honor of the first emigrants from the Isle of Guernsey. April 23rd, following, a meeting was held at the house of George Beymer, Cambridge, and there the county's first commissioners were sworn into office. They were James Dillon, William Dement and Absalom Martin. Elijah Beall was appointed clerk and John Beatty, treasurer ; Elijah Dyson was appointed lister of the residents of the newly made - 337 - 338 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO county as being subject to taxation ; Thomas Knowles was the first sheriff, George Metcalf, first surveyor, Peter Wirick, first auctioneer, and Joseph Smith, first coroner. TOWNSHIPS FALL INTO LINE The county was divided into five civil townships, Oxford, Seneca, Wills, Cambridge and Westland. On June 10, 1810, Buffalo Township was ordered set off, and at a meeting held at Jacob Jordon's on June 23, that year, township officers were elected. Wheatland Township was organized June 9, 1810, when Andrew Marshall was awarded the contract to construct a county jail. On July 28, 1810, a meeting to elect officers for a township to be called Richland was held at Samuel Leath's house and on the same day another meeting to elect officers for Madison Township was held at the house of Absalom Martin. Wheeling Township was organized September 15, 1810, and justices of the peace and other officers were elected at the home of William Gibson. COUNTY BUILDINGS AND NEW TOWNSHIPS When Z. A. Beatty and Jacob Gomber realized that Washington and Cambridge would contest for the county seat prize they made a proposition to donate the public grounds and furnish a suitable set of public buildings ready to roof if the county seat should be located at Cambridge. Their offer was accepted. The county commissioners took up the very necessary work of providing highways, bridges, and suitable building's for the county, as its settlement increased. It may be added here that the successor to the 1811 courthouse was opened for public inspection Septem-ber 14, 1883. It cost $102,510.78. The first jail, built of rude logs, was used until 1835. In June, 1811, Lloyd Talbott was awarded the contract to superintend the construction of a county courthouse, while Z. A. Beatty and Jacob Gomber were chosen to construct the same. The jail was completed September 3, 1811. The Steubenville road was completed from Cadiz to Cambridge in 1811. In March, 1815, Valley Township was incorporated, at a meeting held at the house of William Thompson. Four new townships were created in June, 1816: Jefferson, to be taken from the west of Madison Township; Londonderry, to SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 339 be formed from parts of Madison and Oxford; Beaver, to be formed from parts of Seneca and Oxford townships; Olive, to be set off from Buffalo Township. Monroe Township was incorporated from the north end of Jefferson Township and township officials were elected at the house of Lawrence Tedrick in April, 1818. Knox Township was formed from the northern end of Westland and the west end of Wheeling townships. On April 8, 1819, it was ordered that the south row of sections in Wheeling Township be added to Cambridge Township. Spencer Township was set off from the west end of Buffalo Township in March, 1819, and Liberty was created in 1820; Centre, in 1822 and Washington in 1823. In June, 1824, Jackson Township was organized, and in 1827 Adams was taken from Knox and Westland townships and named in honor of John Quincy Adams, then President of the United States. In 1851, Buffalo, Beaver, Olive and Seneca townships were detached from Guernsey County and included in Noble County. THE WHIPPING POST IN CAMBRIDGE On the whipping post in Cambridge, Colonel Sarchet wrote in the Times, in the spring of 1906, as follows: "The first session of the common pleas court of Guernsey County, held in the new courthouse, was the August term, 1816. The Journal reads : `The court of common pleas was held in the courthouse in Cambridge, Guernsey County, Ohio. Present: Hon. William Wilson, presiding Judge; Jacob Gomber, Robert Spear and Thomas B. Kirkpatrick, associate Judges. The first case called was: The State of Ohio vs. Samuel Timmins, indicted for uttering base coin. The following jury was called : James Thompson, John Tedrick, James Bratton, William Pollock, William Allen, Hugh Martin, Jesse Marsh, Thomas Roberts, Andrew McCleary, George McCleary, John Huff and James Lloyd.' "Samuel Timmins was found guilty in the case for the same offense, and was sentenced by the court to receive, in one case, nineteen lashes on his bare back, and in the other case twenty lashes. He was whipped on two different days. On the first day nineteen lashes and on the next day twenty lashes. This was a case of speedy execution. There was no motion for stay of execution or arrest of judgment. Elijah Dyson, Sheriff, did the whipping. It was done in the presence of the grand jurors who 340 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO found the indictments and of the jurors who found him guilty, and others who were in attendance at court and citizens of the town. The whipping was in public. A large oak tree, perhaps two feet in diameter, had been shattered by a windstorm from the west. It was broken square off past the center some eight or ten feet from the ground and slivered down to the ground on the east side. This stump had stood there for many years until the bark wars off it. Its west side was smooth. The prisoner was stripped down to below the waist. Then he was tied by the arms around the stump. It was said that the lashes were well laid on and that the blood flowed at every cut." COUNTY'S TOWNS LAID OUT Some of these still exist but many have passed away. The following list of plattings bears interesting names and dates: Wheeling, platted by David Dull in Wheeling Township. New Birmingham, platted by William Carson, June 14, 1860. Guernsey, Cambridge Township, laid out by John Fordyce, J. W. Robins and Madison D. Robins, November 7, 1872. New Gottengen, by Charles Heidlebach, on the "Clay Pike," in Richland Township, May 13, 1836. Winchester, August 18, 1836; Isaac Bonnell, proprietor. Elizabethtown, Wills Township, on the National Turnpike, March 7, 1832, by Jacob Weller. Londonderry, Londonderry Township, August 19, 1815, by Robert Wilkins. Salesville, incorporated August 20, 1878 ; original plat was surveyed in 1835, with George Brill as its proprietor. Antrim, March 1, 1830. Liberty, August 2, 1828, by William and John Gibson. Fairview, by Hugh Gillaland, March 24, 1814. Middleton, on the National Pike, September 1, 1827, by Benjamin Masters. Hartford, September 26, 1836, by David Johnston and John Secrest ; in Buffalo Township. Senecaville, on the banks of Seneca Creek, in Richland Township, by David Satterthwaite, July 18, 1815. Bridgewater, March 24, 1834, by William Orr. Portugal, November 14, 1833, by Levi Engle. Olivetown, by John Wiley and Isaac Hill, September 27, 1815. Craigsborough, on the west bank of Duck Creek, by William Craig, February 26, 1818. Zealand, by Benjamin Bay, June 21, 1820. Williamsburg, in Beaver Township, by William Finley, November 21, 1828. Union, by Elijah Lowery and John Laughlin, May 4, 1812. A part of this was donated to the county for courthouse purposes, should the seat of justice be SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 341 located at that point. Paris, platted by William Hunter, Decem-ber 24, 1827. Point Pleasant, at the junction of the Beaver and Seneca forks of Wills Creek, by Benjamin Wilson, July 24, 1829. Newburn, Beaver Township, by Thomas Walsh, November 27, 1828. New Liberty, by Richard Dickinson, October 17, 1815. Lexington, platted by Jacob Young and Jacob Myers, August 12, 1816. West Barnesville, by Ford Barnes, December 23, 1825. Martinsburg, by John Bickham and James Welsh, May 17, 1816, in Madison Township. Kimbolton (same as Old Liberty), in Liberty Township, incorporated November 5, 1884. Spencer Station is on sections 7 and 13, of Millwood Town-ship. Mount Ephraim, in "Seneca Township," platted June 29, 1838, by Ephraim Vorhees. Kennonburg was platted by Daniel Rich and Arthur Vandyke, December 2, 1839. West Boston, by Charles Phillis, December 3, 1836. Putneyville was platted by George W. Henderson, April 30, 1846. Bailey's Mills, platted May 14, 1855, by Jesse W. Bailey. Bridgeville, by Washington Shoff, February 5, 1848. Cambridge (City), original platting by Jacob Gomber and Zaccheus A. Beatty, on June 2, 1806. Washington, by George and Henry Beymer, September 28, 1805, at a time when this county was still a part of Muskingum County. By the 1920 census it was credited with a population of 366 and in 1927 it supported sixteen stores and other establishments. New Salem, by William Hosack, April 21, 1845, on the Grade Road leading from Cambridge to the Ohio Canal. Mantua, August 6, 1853, by Thomas P. Wilson and William P. Rose. Centreville, by David Kinkead, August 31, 1842. Easton, in Washington Township, by Alexander Frew, November 21, 1842. Florence, by Samuel Arbuthnot, September 12, 1842, on the Steubenville, Cadiz and Cambridge macadamized road. Derwent, in Valley Township, August 10, 1898. Rigby, in Centre Township, by Henry Moss, December 20, 1898. Kingston, in Centre Township, by John H. Robins. Lore City, June 8, 1903, in Centre Township, on the Leatherwood Creek. Cumberland, by James Bay, April 24, 1828. The census of 1920 gave it a population of 630. In 1927 it had twenty-seven stores, etc. Claysville was laid out by Ford Barnes, June 7, 1828 Byesville, situated in Jackson Township, was platted by a 342 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO number of persons—originally as early as 1856 and as an incorporation in 1881. The building of the Cleveland-Marietta Railroad and of the interurban line to Cambridge, together with the mining interests gave it a great impetus and by 1920 it had a population of 2,775. In 1928 it has a quota of seventy-five industries, stores, hotels, etc., the Porcelain Insular Corporation, the Nicholson Clay Products Co. and milling interests. The First National Bank of which E. P. Finley is cashier is one of the town's well patronized financial institutions and the Byesville State Bank is the other. Its president is Charles C. Cosgrove and its cashier J. A. Hoopman. Quaker City, situated in section 20, Millwood Township, was platted as Millwood, by Jonah Smith, in 1835. Its population in 1920 was 730 and in 1928 twenty-five different business activities were being carried on there, including a planing mill, a grist mill and a creamery. Its bank, the Quaker City National, founded in 1872, is now officered by H. S. Hartley, president, and Harry B. Garber, cashier. Pleasant City—During coal-mining times this village was a busy spot and by 1920 it had become a place of nearly 800 inhabitants. Its financial requirements are cared for by the People's Bank, which was established in 1895 and whose president now is Allen R. Wheeler. The cashier is J. W. Williams. GUERNSEY COUNTY AND CAMBRIDGE IN 1839 A January, 1839, issue of the Guernsey Times carried a kind of inventory of conditions in Guernsey which gives the reader a glimpse of what the county was like eighty-nine years ago. The writer listed seven Cambridge stores "which sell annually about fifty thousand dollars worth of goods, and it may not be out of place here to remark, that goods can be bought in Cam-bridge as cheap, at retail, as they can be purchased on the River Ohio or in the Atlantic cities." The county's agricultural and mineral wealth was thus commented on : "Besides the fertility of the soil, its peculiar adaptation to the raising of wheat and grazing of cattle, the citizens of the valley of Wills Creek have the good fortune to be blessed with salt wells in abundance, which article can be had here at half the price it sells for in other portions of the state. Coal of an excellent SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 343 kind can be found in all the hills which surround our place. The veins are generally from three to five feet, and the coal is easily and cheaply obtained by mining." The educational and religious conditions were touched upon. Cambridge had four churches, also a flourishing academy. Thirty-five or forty students were to be found within its walls, and there was a public library of "between seven and eight hundred volumes of well selected books." CHAPTER CXXIII ZANE'S TRACE AND THE NATIONAL ROAD THE FORMER BEGAN AS LITTLE MORE THAN A BRIDLE PATH AND BROAD-ENED INTO A WAGON ROAD-MOST OF GUERNSEY'S EARLIEST SET-TLERS FOLLOWED ITS COURSE-NATIONAL HIGHWAY LATER CONTRIBUTED HEAVILY TO GUERNSEY'S GROWTH-THOROUGHFARE WENT INTO DECAY WHEN RAILROADS ARRIVED AND "CAME BACK" WHEN THE AUTO AND WORLD WAR DID TEAM WORK FOR A SMOOTH, HARD SURFACE. "Sing forests vast of stately trees, Choice orchards ranked in order, Sweet silver streams and lakelet gems That fertile fields embroider. Sing mineral wealth beneath the soil That ages long hath waited— Coal, iron, gas, stone and clay For human use created." —From Bliss' Poem "Ohio." Guernsey County was not organized until March, 1810, but the territory which formed it had begun at the close of the eighteenth century to be the objective of westward bound pioneers, for Zane's Trace, started in 1796, was a rude pathway over which they could pass into the Ohio country from Wheeling. At first little more than a bridle path the trace presently assumed a wagon's breadth. Narrow and rough it was but the dense wilderness was pierced by it. Men and horses trod it first in single file but later it became a road soon the tide which flowed upon it was contributing a share toward the settlement of Guernsey land. NEWCOMERS BEGAN TO MULTIPLY Not all of those who entered Ohio across the river from Wheeling. passed through the Guernsey wilderness to locate on the Muskingum, the Scioto or beyond. Many found on Wills Creek and other Guernsey streams soil, drainage and topography - 345 - 346 - SOUTHEASTERN OHIO to their liking and stopped to build cabins, plant corn and settle down. About a third of a century after Zane's Trace began to ad-vance civilization in Guernsey County its successor, the National Road, came to develop it. To do justice to the story of that suc-cessor and its collapse when the railroads took its place would require a volume instead of the pages here available. Much is said about it in the general history which introduces this work. "Oh the songs they would sing and the tales they would spin As they lounged in the light of the old country inn ; But a day came at last when the stage brought no load To the gate as it rolled up the long dusty road. And lo ! at the sunrise a shrill whistle blew Over the hills—and the old yielded place to the new." —"The Old Pike." The history of that substitution would be an unwelcome one to write but for the fact that it deals not with a period of final abandonment but with an interregnum. Great as was the traffic on the old National Road before the railroad displaced it and long continued as was the disrepair of the old highway, the first was due to reappear as the result of a new shift in modes of transportation while the second was succeeded by a road-surface contributing richly to the pleasure of travel. WELCOME RESTORATION OF THE PIKE When the picturesque stage coach and its prancing teams ceased their activities it seemed to Guernsey Countians that their old highway as an object of interest and pride was gone forever. Then came the automobile and later a war to spur the nation and state toward the substitution of a magnificent new national thoroughfare for a worn out old road; and over this new surface more vehicles pass through the county now than her citizens ever dreamed could be seen upon it again when the older surface had begun to make travel over it a continuing discomfort. Although the railways put the National Road out of business for many years they gave Guernsey County what the highway could not bestow, transportation for the development of great mineral riches and many industrial plants. Originally an agricultural county and still the home of fertile and productive farms, Guernsey needed coal, oil and gas to fill her cup of prosperity to the brim. SOUTHEASTERN OHIO - 347 EARLY TRAVEL ON THE OLD PIKE On December 31, 1832, Seth Adams, of Zanesville, superin-tendent of the National Road, which was then completed to Zanesville, shows in his report the amount of travel for that year by the books of the toll gates to have been : Men on horseback, 35,310; mules and horses driven, 16,750; sheep driven, 24,410; hogs driven, 52,845; cattle driven, 96,323; carriages with one horse, 14,907; carriages and wagons with two horses, 11,613; wagons with three horses, 2,357; with four horses, 3,692; with five horses, 1,599; with six horses, 1,329. 23-VOL. 2 CHAPTER CXXIV JACOB GOMBER AND ZACCHEUS BEATTY FOUNDED CAMBRIDGE SETTLERS FROM THE ISLE OF GUERNSEY ARRIVE-NEWSPAPER DESCRIBES EARLY TAVERN-STORY OF FIRST BUILDINGS REPRODUCED -OLD WASHINGTON CRAVED THE COUNTY SEAT-FIRST POST OFFICE ESTABLISHED 1807-CITY COVERED FIVE SQUARE MILES IN 1910-NATURAL GAS AND COAL BRING NEW FACTORIES- INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION DESCRIBED. Cambridge's original plat is located in township 2, range 3. The place was platted by Jacob Gomber and Zaccheus A. Beatty, June 2, 1806. The first houses were made from logs of the for-ests which were a part of the tract of land upon which the new town was surveyed by the pioneer fathers. Among the first of these rude, but quite comfortable houses, was that of the Sarchets, erected in 1807, and in which was kept the first store. In it was organized the first church society (the First Methodist Episcopal) and in it was preached the first funeral sermon. Its exact location was on the northeast corner of Wheeling Avenue and Seventh Street. It remained standing for many years and was superseded by a good business house. George Beymer came from Somerset, Pennsylvania, and in April, 1803, John Beatty and his family of eleven moved into the Beymer tavern, having come from Loudoun County, Virginia. Among. the Beymer party was Wyatt Hutchinson, who also became a Cambridge tavern keeper. In June, 1806, the town being then laid out, lots were first offered for sale. FAMILIES FROM THE ISLE OF GUERNSEY "Several families from the British Isle of Guernsey, near the coast of France, stopped and purchased lands," says an old historian. "These were followed by other families, amounting in all to some fifteen or twenty, from the same island, all of whom, - 349 -