HISTORY


OF


SUSQUEHANNA COUNTY,


PENNSYLVANIA.


FROM A PERIOD PRECEDING ITS SETTLEMENT TO RECENT TIMES,


INCLUDING


THE ANNALS AND GEOGRAPHY OF EACH TOWNSHIP.


WITH MAPS AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS.


ALSO,


A SKETCH OF WOMAN'S WORK IN THE COUNTY FOR THE UNITED

STATES SANITARY COMMISSION, AND A LIST OF THE

SOLDIERS OF THE NATIONAL ARMY FURNISHED

BY MANY OF THE TOWNSHIPS.


BY


EMILY C. BLACKMAN.


PHILADELPHIA:

CLAXTON, REMSEN & HAFFELFINGER,

624, 626, AND 628 MARKET STREET.

1873.




Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by

EMILY C. BLACKMAN,

in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C


PHILADELPHIA:

COLLINS, PRINTER, 705 JAYNE STREET.



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INDEX





PREFACE.


ON the 20th of October, 1868, Miss SARAH M. WALKER of Woodbourne, who had previously urged me to write a history of the Soldiers' Aid Societies of Susquehanna County, sent me a letter renewing the solicitation, and adding : "Or, what is better, write a history of the county and include that of the societies."


That she should think to succeed with the greater when she had failed with the less, and that such a proposition should be made to me—wholly ignorant as I was of the early interests of the county—caused a hearty laugh, and at the time not a second thought. But, during the following night, it occurred to me that the necessary research for an historical work would be congenial employment for my father in his retirement from medical practice, and that I could arrange for publication such material as he might choose.


Within twenty-four hours afterward, we decided to undertake the task, and made out a list of topics which would require attention. The same, but slightly altered, is given in the volume now before the reader. But, owing to the increasing feebleness of my father, the part assumed by him was very early relinquished.


Those subjects, the investigation of which I had deemed a man's province, have received my close attention, and, after repeated examination of files of newspapers and official records both at Wilkes-Barre and Montrose, have been prepared with less aid from individuals than the township annals, in which I was greatly dependent upon the aged and the descendants of pioneers. Owing to the failing memory of some, and the fact that others were but partially informed on matters I wished to understand, their statements were often contradictory. A third version was needed to furnish a key to the first or second, and, when this was not ob-


iv - PREFACE.


tainable, the disputed points have been omitted or different versions noted.


If any pioneer has failed of mention, it must be distinctly understood that none of his descendants have given me notice of him. Such material as was furnished me I have had to condense greatly, especially in revision ; but the main points have been preserved as far as justice to all would permit. The sketches which were first received, naturally occupy the most space.


In the annals the townships are given in the order of settlement.


Every historical statement made to me I have repeated to the person making it, in order that my apprehension of it might be understood; then, after reducing it to writing, I have read it aloud in his or her presence, and, in addition, sent the manuscript to the township interested, for further criticism. It is believed that accuracy has been obtained as nearly as possible in the thousands of statements given.


It is not only expected, but desired, that the public prints will note any important error; still, should any error of consequence to those only who can readily supply the truth be discovered, private notice of it will be gratifying, since a complete "Errata" given to the public by myself would do justice to all, while a succession of trivial corrections by aggrieved parties might undesignedly cause suspicion of statements which cannot be controverted.


Four years from the day the first prospectus was published, I wrote the last page of the history. The variety of the cares pressing upon me, added to bereavement and frequent ill health, have made the writing of even one page, at times, the labor of weeks. Still, through all, I have been glad I had this work to do.


To place within easy reference official facts and lists of great local value ; to meet the long-felt want of many persons by condensing voluminous statements respecting former claims to this section ; but especially, to furnish a record of the pioneers and early interests of the county, as also of its people in the late great crisis of the nation—this has been a service, the calling to which might well evoke gratitude. And yet, to make it a gift is as impossible as it would be insulting to the people whose deeds or whose ancestors it commemorates.


I have had, probably, little conception of what an historian might


PREFACE. - V


deduce from our records ; still, much space has been given to the family, the farm, the newspaper, and particularly to schools and churches, with the conviction that these have formed the character and secured the prosperity of the people.


The courtesy and hospitality extended to me during my search for material, in this county, in Luzerne, and elsewhere, are gratefully remembered. The loan of books and of private diaries not only informed the head but kindled the enthusiasm necessary for my labor. For twelve or fourteen days, a horse and wagon were placed at my service. At other times I have had various escort from place to place as the interests of the work demanded ; and now its completed pages remind me of scenery enjoyed, of pleasant interviews, and of valued letters, some of which were penned by the tremulous hand of age.


Nearly seventy persons who contributed material, or otherwise aided me, have since deceased. Except for them, some points must have remained unsettled.


Many persons have furnished far more than the record of their own families, in which case I have endeavored to give them credit in due connection, except as they were understood to decline it.


All the portraits are gifts to the work, as are also several drawings and other illustrations, which, with every favor, if space permitted, it would be pleasant to designate.


The kind suggestions of several gentlemen and ladies of best authority in the county were of great benefit to me during the progress of the work. When it was nearly completed, and found too voluminous, HENRY D. BIDDLE, Esq., of Philadelphia, offered his assistance in reducing it within the proper compass ; and his labor has been invaluable. He had previously assumed the care of the illustrations (three of which are his own contribution), and of the negotiations with publishers, printers, and binders. Aside from the justice of this particular mention, it is gratifying to associate with such a service to the county, one who for more than twenty years has been a non-resident, but who will be recognized as the son of a former and valued citizen of Montrose.



Publication was greatly facilitated by the liberality of Mrs. HENRY DRINKER, supplemented by that of Mr. Biddle, consequent upon their confidence in the subscribers to the work.


It is regretted that a complete Meteorological Table could not


vi - PREFACE.


be given; but, to be satisfactory, it should cover a long period of time, and such a one is not at present obtainable.


Aside from the difficulty of securing scientific lists of the plants and animals of the county, the common names are given in the belief that they will prove more acceptable to the general reader.


By the recent schedule of the State liens upon unpatented lands, it is certain that STOKE, one of the townships of Northumberland County in 1783, and which was annulled by Commissioners of Pennsylvania in 1785, extended into this section, and was probably covered by the warrants of 1784. It may have been a part of the " Manor of Stoke," which was laid out, in 1769, east of the Susquehanna River, as the "Manor of Sunbury" was west of it ; but inquiry at Harrisburg has failed to ascertain its limits.


Hon. J. W. CHAPMAN says :—


" On many of the tracts referred to, the purchase-money was all paid when the warrants were taken out, though the landholders neglected to take out their patents and pay their fees, which in such cases the State now demands only $15 for. But in other cases there was more land returned in the survey than the warrant called for, and the amount of the surplus, and interest thereon, is a lien on the land, besides the patent fees, for the collection of which, from the present owners of the land, the Legislature has provided by law."


My obligations are due to Senator FITCH and Representatives TYLER and BEARDSLEE for various efforts in my behalf.


I can congratulate patient subscribers and canvassers that the History of Susquehanna County is at last printed; though I may "have had my best days with it," while it was but a dream of usefulness, and not the football of criticism.


EMILY C. BLACKMAN.

INGLESIDE, MONTROSE PA.,

April 17th,1873.


CONTENTS.


CHAPTER. 

PAGE

I. Charters of Connecticut and Pennsylvania

II. Indians once in this section

III. Westmoreland, and the Pennamite Wars

IV. The Intrusion Law and its effects

V. County organization

VI. Officers and Bar of Susquehanna County


TOWNSHIP ANNALS, AS FOLLOWS :


VII. Great Bend. Settled 1787. First township erected. Organized 1793

VIII. Harmony. Settled 1787. Tenth township erected. Organized 1809

IX. Oakland. Settled 1787. Twenty-seventh township erected. Organized 1853

X. Brooklyn. Settled 1787. Sixteenth township erected. Organized 1814

XI. New Milford. Settled 1789. Eighth township erected. Organized 1807

XII. Herrick. Settled 1789. Eighteenth township erected. Organized 1825

XIII. Harford. Settled 1790. Ninth township erected. Organized 1808

XIV. Gibson. Settled 1793. Twelfth township erected. Organized 1813

XV. Rush. Settled 1794. Fifth township erected. Organized 1801

XVI. Dimock. Settled 1796. Nineteenth township erected. Organized 1832

XVII. Lenox. Settled 1796. Second township erected. Organized 1795

XVIII. Auburn. Settled 1797. Fourth township erected. Organized 1799

XIX. Franklin. Settled 1799. Twenty-first township erected. Organized 1835

XX. Liberty. Settled 1799. Third township erected. Organized 1798

XXI. Bridgewater and Montrose. Settled 1799. Seventh township erected. Organized 1806

1

7

9

17

24

36

...

...

...

49

87

100

110

143

163

174

191

211

222

237

248

258

275

283

viii - CONTENTS.

XXII. Middletown. Settled 1799. Fourteenth township erected. Organized 1814

XXIII. Jessup. Settled 1799. Twenty-fourth township erected. Organized 1846

XXIV. Forest Lake. Settled 1799. Twenty-second township erected. Organized 1836

XXV. Clifford. Settled 1799. Sixth township erected. Organized 1806

XXVI. Lathrop. Settled 1799. Twenty-third township erected. Organized 1846

XXVII. Springville. settled 1799. Fifteenth township erected. Organized 1814

XXVIII. Apolacon. Settled 1800. Twenty-fifth township erected. Organized 1846

XXIX. Choconut. Settled 1806. Thirteenth township erected. Organized 1814

XXX. Silver Lake. Settled 1809. Eleventh township erected. Organized 1813

XXXI. Jackson. Settled 1809. Seventeenth township erected. Organized 1815

XXXII. Ararat. Settled 1810. Twenty-sixth township erected. Organized 1852

XXXIII. Thomson. Settled 1820. Twentieth township erected. Organized 1833

XXXIV. Nicholson Lands

XXXV. Geological Formation and Mineral Resources

XXXVI. Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts

XXXVII. Roads and Post Offices

XXXVIII. Changes in Politics

XXXIX. Schools and Churches

XL. Newspapers and Editors

XLI. Authors and Artists

XLII. Physicians and the Medical Society

XLIII. Temperance Societies

XLIV. Secret Societies and the Census


APPENDIX.


Joe Smith

Treadwell Trial

Note on Magnetic Variation (County Line)

Woman's Work for the U. S. Sanitary and Freedmen's Commissions

List of Soldiers

Index

345 356 368 382 400 406 422 430 444 463 472 482

486 491 502 509 518 526 539 544 553 557 571

...

...

...

577

582

583

584

620

635

LIST OF MAPS, LITHOGRAPHS, STEEL PLATES, ENGRAVINGS, ETC.

Map of the County         .            .            .            to face Title Page

Map Illustrating the New England Charter Claims, west of the Delaware

Map showing the various purchases made from the Indians

Map of Westmoreland, showing the Connecticut Surveys 

Map of Old Luzerne County

Engraving—Seal, Court of Quarter Sessions, Susquehanna County, 1812

Diagram—showing official divisions of Susquehanna County, 1790

Diagram—showing "       " 1799

Diagram—showing boundaries of township of Rush, 1801

Diagram—showing Election Districts—Susquehanna County, 1801

Diagram—showing divisions of Susquehanna County in 1808

Diagram—showing " " " " in 1810

Diagram—showing " “ " " in 1815

Diagram—showing " " " " in 1872

Diagram of " The Fan," at Great Bend

Engraving—Falls of Cascade Creek

Engraving —The Cascade Bridge

Engraving —The Starucca Viaduct

Portrait of James B. Gregg

Portrait of Col. Frederick Bailey

Engraving—Old Universalist Church, Brooklyn 

Portrait of Secku Meylert

Portrait of Christopher L. Ward

Diagram —Site of First Bark Cabin—Beaver Meadow

Diagram —Nine Partners' Purchase

Portrait of Joab Tyler, Esq.

Portrait of Rev. Lyman Richardson

Engraving of Harford Academy, 1844

Portrait of Hon. Galusha A. Grow

Engraving —The Old Post House 

Portrait of David Post, Esq.

Engraving —The Old Raynsford House

Diagram —The Sun-dogs, 1807

Portrait of Elder Davis Dimock

Lithograph —The Montrose Green, 1840

Diagram —Successive Borough Limits of Montrose

...

1

6

10

14

24

26

27

27

28

29

30

34

35

65

88

98

98

106

126

141

156

162

176

178

178

180

185

244

290

290

293

300

306

316

317

x - LIST OF MAPS, LITHOGRAPHS, ETC.

Portrait of Hon. Almon H. Read

Portrait of Hon. William Jessup, LL.D.

Portrait of Henry Drinke

Engraving--The Old Presbyterian Church, Montrose

Portrait of Rev. Henry A. Riley

Map of the Connecticut Survey of Manor, Delaware First Purchase

Portrait of Hon. Asa Packer

Engraving-Lakeside-Residence of Mrs. Caleb Carmalt

Lithograph-Silver Lake, 1816

Lithograph-Silver Lake-Residence of the late Robert H. Rose

Engraving-R. C. Chapel of St. Augustine

Portrait of Elder J. B. Worden

Portrait of Hon. Benjamin Parke, LL.D.

Engraving-Old Seal of Susquehanna Academy

Portrait of Edith May

Portrait of Rev. Elisha Mulford, LL.D.

Portrait of Hon. S. B. Chase


APPENDIX.


Diagram-Joe Smith's Diggings

332

334

336 340 342 356 414 439 450 458 462 470 508 526 548 550 570

...

...

...

581


ERRATA.


(Readers are requested to mark the corrections as designated.)


Page 37, line 2d from the bottom, after " Judge," insert and.

" 38, " 21st, for "Warmer" read Warner.

" 39, " 25th, the name of "L. F. Fitch" should be in italics.

" 41, " 30t5, for " David D. Warner" read Davis D. Warner.

" 43, " 32d, for " Simon Stephens" read Simon Stevens.

" 45, " 3d, for " Philander Stevens" read Philander Stephens.

" 46, in 2d foot note, for " now" read since.

" 48, line 46th, for " Lew" read Law.

“ 64, " 13th, for " Thompson" read Thomson.

“ 97, " 16th, after " murdered" insert, as supposed.

“ 204, " 7th, for " 1739" read 1839.

“ 207, " 25th, for " Kinsbury" read Kingsbury.

“ 231, "              5th, after "all he had," read but one.

“ 254, " 16th, for " Merryall's" read Merryall.

“ 254, " 20th, for " relates" read writes.

“ 280, " 3d, for" terrible" read terribly.

“ 288, " 4th, for " now" read late.

" 319, " 2d, for " clear" read cleared

" 335, " 13th, from bottom, after " in consequence," insert during the Revolution.

" 347, " 46th, for " fort" read forks.

" 457, " 29th, omit sentence about Agricultural Society.

" 460, " 9th, after " petition" read against slavery.

" 499, " 21st, for " Boswick" read Bostwick.

" 538, omission of the present number of members of Liberty Bapt. Church, 73.


The following should have been inserted on page 331.


COST OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS.


1818. Fireproof Offices, built by Daniel Lyon

1853. Jail (now engine house), built by Boyd and Smith

1855. Removal of Fireproof Building by the commissioners

$1,500 00 2,562 60 5,768 34 130 00

1854-55. New Court-house

 

 

To architect and drawing contract

Contract price

Furniture, including bell

Total

$320 00

18,500 00

1,425 70

$20,245 70

1867-8. New Jail.

1870. Repairs on new Court-house

34,707 07

3,025 09



FOREWORD


MISS EMILY C. BLACKMAN


In recent years, since the history of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, was compiled and written by Miss Emily Clarissa Blackman, there has been a growing demand for copies of this book, which is

conceded to be the best history of our county. Published in 1873, the scarcity of available volumes of this valued and greatly desired work has impelled the Susquehanna County Historical Society to have five hundred copies reprinted exactly as the original book. There is one great improvement in this reprint which should be noted. The index has been extensively enlarged. This greater convenience to readers has been accomplished through the diligence of Mrs. Herbert F. Brewster, Montrose, who recognized the value of a new index in reference labors.


Miss Blackman in her history modestly avoided reference to her own life and career. Interest and justice naturally calls for a brief recognition of this noble woman who over a period of four years visited all sections of the county, driving a horse and riding over the rugged dirt roads in her search for authentic data on all matters of historic interest. Her talents and accomplishments are shown vividly in this historic work.


Miss Emily Blackman was born in Gilbertsville, Orange County, New York, on July 15, 1826; her parents were Emily Danielson and Josiah Blackman, M.D. The family moved to Binghamton, New York, in 1829, and in 1836 came to Montrose, Pennsylvania. The family home was called "Ingleside" and was on Church Street. Dr. Blackman had his medical quarters in his home and served the community faithfully for many years. The family joined the Presbyterian Church in Montrose, November 12, 1836, in which communion, each member of the family remained until death. Dr. Blackman was ruling elder in the church for thirty-five years, and a practicing physician for fifty years. He died in Montrose, July 25, 1875, aged 81 years, 2 months and 1 day. Mrs. Blackman died February 1, 1864 in the 70th year of her age. Some of her family changed their name later from Danielson to Donaldson according to Miss Blackman's notes on her family history.


Miss Blackman's education was acquired as a student in the Montrose Academy. She was proficient in her studies and at the age of fifteen acted as an assistant teacher, although still continuing her


(v)


studies. Following graduation she taught in Towanda, Pa., Chester, Pa., and in schools in Illinois and Wisconsin. After the Civil War, she taught in Freedman's School in Okolona, Mississippi. She was a teacher all of her life, yet she was always a student. Her great love of music made her an accomplished musician. Her piano, bought in 1845, was the first piano in a private home in Montrose. She studied music in New York City and Philadelphia, then taught music classes in Montrose. She was a student in languages and could read the New Testament in ten different languages. Miss Blackman and her sister, Mary Ann, planned to open a select school for students desiring higher education, but her sister's marriage on October 18, 1843 to David Blakely, Jr. of Otsego County, New York, ended Miss Black-man's ambition to found a school. While she was teaching school in Towanda, Miss Blackman's hearing became impaired. This physical handicap caused her to give up her intention to become a Christian missionary.


Miss Blackman, at the time of her death, had been a member of the Presbyterian Church in Montrose for over seventy years. She was very active in the Home and Foreign Missionary Societies. During the Civil War she worked in the Soldiers Aid Society, the Sanitary Commission, and Freedmans Aid. She was a member of the Women's Christian Temperance Union from its inception. In her will, Miss Blackman made bequests to some of these organizations, the American Bible Society in New York, and her church.


Miss Blackman travelled extensively, crossed the continent twice, and toured all of Europe in 1878 and 1889. She contributed to the local press articles and letters about the places visited; she was both interesting and informative. In her later life, she spent much of her time in Florida.


Dr. Blackman had three daughters and an adopted son. The oldest of these daughters died an infant in 1821. Mary Ann Blackman, wife of David Blakely, died in Neonah, Wisconsin, January 12, 1867, aged 43 years. She left four children: Rev. Josiah Blackman Blakely, Clarence R. Blakely, Mary Emily Blakely Frazier and Clement Danielson Blakely who was drowned in Jones Lake (now Lake Montrose) June 22, 1872, aged 19 years and 3 months. Clement left his native Wisconsin to become a printer in the Independent Republican newspaper office in Montrose, in 1867, and lived with Dr. Blackman. He was swimming across the lake at 8 o'clock on Saturday night, when in the middle of the lake he was seized with cramps and went down in eighteen feet of water. His friends could not reach him nor recover his body until midday on Sunday. His death was a great blow to his family and Miss Blackman would never allow the water from this lake to be piped to her home. She kept copies of the newspapers that Clement had worked on as long as she lived. The adopted son of Dr. Blackman was Harlan Page Blackman who was living with his family in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., in 1907.


(vi)


Miss Blackman's last will and testament on file in Montrose court house, is a very interesting document. It is a detailed account of her home, furnishings, books, interests, family, friends, church, and her history of Susquehanna County. She bequeathed two hundred copies of her history to the Commissioners of Susquehanna County. These books were stored and in 1924 were sold by the Commissioners to the public at the original price of three dollars per copy. The supply was completely exhausted in a very few years.


Emily C. Blackman died Friday Morning, August 2d, 1907 in the Home for the Aged in Jacksonville, Florida. She was 81 years old. Her body arrived in Montrose on the Lehigh Valley Railroad on Monday afternoon at four o'clock. It was immediately taken to her home "Ingleside" and from there, after appropriate services, to the family plot in the Montrose Cemetery. All who have had occasion to read or study her history of Susquehanna County, have nothing but praise for her labor. If she made any errors in her statements, time has changed the error to fact. All who knew her admired her beautiful character and personality, her fine talents and accomplishments, and her devotion to her church and the very best causes of society in her generation. Miss Blackman is most honored among the cultured women of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania.


Susquehanna County Historical Society and Free Library Association

Montrose, Pennsylvania

November 1, 1969


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