(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 250 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY This slow and laborious process caused him to devise a quicker and easier process, and the application of the hydraulic principle was the result. Mr. Tucker told a number of his friends of his ideas and stated to them that his inventive genius was not such as to enable him to work out all the details. Ten years later, in 1877, another mana mechanical genius Silas M. Brown, from the state of Indiana, happened into the livery stable of Hod McKee at Bellefontaine, Ohio, one day, with a small but crude model of a hydraulic cider press. Mr. McKee was a former citizen of Morrow county, having been sheriff of the county at one time He was also a friend and acquaintance of Mr. A. Q. Tucker and knew of his efforts to design a hydraulic cider press. Mr. McKee made Mr. Brown acquainted with Mr. Tucker's efforts, which prompted Mr. Brown to call on Mr. Tucker forthwith. To anyone knowing anything about the requirements of the great strength of all parts used in the construction of a hydraulic press, a brief description of one or two features of Mr. Brown's model will be at once amusing and interesting. Instead of the double strength iron pipe and fittings to convey the water from the water supply box to the hydraulic cylinder, a rubber hose similiar to that used on an infant's nursing bottle was used. The water box was a tin spiee can. However, the model showed the general design of a cider press as well as the hydraulic principle and its application to a machine for cider making purposes. The practical and business mind of Mr. A. Q. Tucker, combined with the mechanical and inventive mind of Mr. Silas M. Brown, resulted in a practical and successful press being designed. The patterns and castings for the first press were made under the supervision. of Mr. Brown at Peoria, Illinois. These were shipped to Gilead Station, where the wood and frame work were made in the saw mill plant belonging to A. Q. Tucker and G. V. Smith, where the press was erected and tested. The public took a keen interest in the building and testing of this press. When the day arrived to start the press a number of farmers with loads of apples and a great .gathering of people from all, parts of the county and from other points were present to witness the demonstration. The test proved the machine to be a great success, notwithstanding the usual prophecies to the contrary. HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 251 None of those bringing apples brought enough barrels to hold their cider. A number of patents were taken out on this machine. Messrs. A. Q. Tucker and G. V. Smith immediately bought Mr. Brown's interest in the patents for Morrow county and Marion county. Later these two gentlemen became owners of the patents for the state of Ohio. Messrs. Tucker and Smith had the next press built in the shop of the Columbus Machine Company, Columbus, Ohio. The following year these gentlemen had ten presses built by Squire and Homer, founderymen and machinists at Galion, Ohio. The sale and operation of these presses demonstrated the practibility of the machine. It was then determined by the owners of the patents, Messrs. Brown, Tucker and Smith, that additional capital was required to develop the business and an agreement was reached to form a stock company. The first company was organized in 1883, through the efforts of Mr. A. Q. Tucker, among the citizens and business men of Mount Gilead and vicinity. The Hydraulic Press Company, thus organized, came into possession of all the patents for the United States of America. The business was first organized with a capital of twenty thousand dollars. Not much business was done in 1883, as the year was spent in erecting buildings and installing machinery. A few presses were built in 1884, but most of this year was spent in perfecting the press. In 1885 the company manufactured the perfected press and at the end of that year declared a dividend of ten per cent on the stock and credited ten per cent to a surplus account. The business continued to be profitable and successful. The year of 1886 showed a net profit of seventy-five per cent of the original capital stock. This amount was placed in the surplus fund to enlarge the capital. The year 1887 started in with bright prospects, but about August 13th of that year the entire plant was destroyed by fire, together with a stock of eighty presses. Only twenty-one presses had been shipped out before the fire. A loss of fifty thousand dollars was sustained with an insurance of nineteen thousand, three hundred. The company was then reorganized under the name of The Hydraulic Press Manufacturing Company, with a capital stock of $100,000, $60,000 of which was paid up. $35,000 of this amount was stock turned over to the members of the old company for its patents, good will and salvage, which left a working capital of 252 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY but $25,000. The members of the old company not only received more stock in the new company than they held in the old, but were paid dividends from the collection of old aceounts and notes of the original company to cover a large share of their original investment. The Hydraulic Press Manufacturing Company was incorporated under the laws of the state of Ohio on October 17, 1887. The incorporators were T. H. Dalrymple, R. P. Halliday, William Carlisle, W. W. McCracken and M. Burr Talmage. The first directors of the new company were A. Q. Tucker, M. Burr Talmage, James Carlisle, J. H. Pollock, W. W. McCracken, J. M. Albach and William Carlisle. The first officers were M. Burr Talmage, president and general manager; Joseph H. Pollock, vice president; C. C. Wheeler, secretary ; R. P. Halliday, treasurer; James Carlisle, superintendent. The credit for the early success of this business is largely due to Messrs. A. Q. Tucker, James Carlisle and M. Burr Talmage. These men were among the original incorporators of the parent company. Mr. James Carlisle, the president of the first company and superintendent of the reorganized company, was largely re. sponsible for the planning and building the factory and the installation of the machinery in it. He had much to do with the earl} development and perfecting of the press and had charge of the manufacturing end of the business until he met his death in the service of the company on August 16, 1892, by falling from a runway from the second story of one of the warehouse buildings while assisting in loading a heavy piece of machinery. Mr. A. Q. Tucker, the founder of the business, did the pioneer work on the road. He personally introduced the machine into every fruit-growing section of the United States and Canada, with the exception of the extreme northwest. He traveled over most of the territory with horse and buggy and carried a small working model with him, with which he showed thousands of people for the first time the prineiple of hydraulic pressure. It was through the same tact, ability and perseverance that Mr. Tucker has displayed in successfully handling other affairs that the manufactured product of this company was first introdueed. He still holds a large investment in the company and is a member of the board of directors. Mr. H. Burr Talmage has remained the president and a member of the board of directors of the company from the date of its reorganization. He also has a large investment in the business. He has more years to his credit in the active service of the company HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 253 than any other man. For more than fifteen years he had the responsibility of the business as general manager. In this capacity he was responsible for the general policy, conduct and operation of the business. During his active period he had charge of the correspondence and managed the finances of the business through many trying periods. The business paid good dividends and credited substantial amounts to the surplus account for many years until all amounts paid for patents had been charged off and a cash capital of $100,000 and a surplus aecount of more than $50,000 evidenced a cash investment as against the original cash capital of $25,000 before referred to. Like other enterprises the business reached a stage in its existence when it could not be operated by old methods. This period was reached during the years of 1900 to 1902. In order to instill new life into the business and modern methods in manufacturing and management. which were apparently necessary to meet competition and the demands of the trade, the controlling stock passed into new hands and younger blood and energy were infused into the business about this time. A new order of things was brought about under the supervision of Frank B. McMillin, who was put in charge of the company's affairs for the purpose of modernizing the entire business. Mr. McMillin, when a very young man, became identified with the business as a stockholder in 1877. He was elected as a director in 1900, and became actively engaged in the business as assistant general manager in 1902. The following year he was elected assistant general manager and secretary, and shortly thereafter became general manager and secretary, which positions he now holds. Under the regime of Mr. McMillin the position of superintendent was merged with that of general manager, so that he had the responsibility of the entire business and is entitled to the credit for the successful development and extraordinary expansion of it within the last decade. Mr. McMillin was a young man of unusual attainments. He had made a success of a retail business which he had built up by sheer pluck and hustle from a very meagre beginning, and brought to the Hydraulic Press Manufacturing Company's business the training, skill, care and untiring industry by which every department was systemized and thoroughly organized. He quickly took up and mastered the mechanical features and to his skill as an organizer is due the present development of the factory and the extensive line of machinery now being manufactured. He is now the largest holder of common stock in the company. 254 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY During the past ten years the business has made greater progress than any previous time. During this period the company has paid dividends each year and at the same time has expended large amounts of money in developing the business, which has resulted in the present plant being the largest and best equipped factory of its kind in the United States. During recent years the entire plant has been overhauled and a number of new buildings have been added. A great number of new and modern machines of the largest and best types have been added to the equipment, which has more than doubled the capacity of the factory. The eompany now generates electrieity in its own power plant, with which all machinery is operated and the entire plant and offiee building are lighted. Compressed air is used for riveting, chipping and cleaning. Electric and yard hoists are used for handling heavy machinery. In fact, every modern deviee to save labor and to produce the best work at the least cost has been installed. An effective sales and engineering organization has been developed, with headquarters at the home office. The company now has over 600 machine specifications, 6,000 drawings and 5,000 foundry patterns. The plant covers thirteen acres of ground and consists of fourteen buildings, with seventy thousand feet of floor space. Presses are now being manufactured with a pressure capable of fifteen to fifteen hundred tons and weighing from five hundred pounds to fifty thousand pounds each. The quality and variety of work turned out would be a credit to any factory in the United States. A large force of skilled mechanics and a competent office foree are employed, who form a most desirable class of citizens of Mt. Gilead. While the present business is the outgrowth of the one well founded and wisely handled during its early history, it is far beyond anything the founder ever expected it to be. The original business contemplated the manufacture of cider presses and cider makers' supplies only, while now, presses for almost every conceivable purpose requiring high pressure are manufactured and shipped to the four quarters of the earth. Presses are now manufactured for making powder, laying veneers, pressing grease from packers' tankage and city garbage, lard from hog cracklings, tallow from beef cracklings, oleo and stearin from tallow, cementing double leather belts, pressing water from tanned hides, baling waste, hemp and paper, gin and warehouse cotton compresses, emery wheel presses, 'die presses, forming presses, trunk veneer HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 255 presses, presses for finishing worsteds, woolens and silks, concrete and cement block presses, floor tile presses, vanilla extract presses, flange presses, wheel presses, presses for tufting, upholstering, cider and grape juice presses, etc., etc. Presses are designed and built on order of the customer for any special purpose required. A large line of hydraulic high pressure pumps are manufactured to meet the requirements of all kinds of high pressure work. The company also manufactures a complete line of cider and vinegar makers' supplies, including steam evaporators for making cider jelly, steam apple-butter cookers, cider pasteurizers, cider pumps, grinders, vinegar generators, etc. Various members of the office force have made a specialty of particular subjects pertaining to different lines of the business using their machinery and equipment. Books have been written and copyrighted on the subjects of manufacturing cider jelly, cider vinegar and pasteurized cider. The company is also an authority on veneer manufacturing, shrinking and finishing worsteds, woolens and silks, and a great many other subjects of equal importance. An analytical laboratory with a chemist in charge has been established in the company's offices. The company has a branch warehouse at Suffern, New York, a short, distance out of New York city, and a branch office at the same place, also branch offices at New York city and Chicago. The capital and surplus of the company is now $225,000. In addition to this the business has invested $100,000 in patterns and drawings, which amount is not carried in the company's assets. The present officers and directors are : M. Burr Talmage, president Mell B. Talmage, vice president; Frank B. McMillin, general manager and secretary; Harry B. MeMillin, treasurer;' A. Q. Tucker, W. E. Miller, W. J. Simms, W. G. Beebe and J. L. Swingle. CHAPTER XIII. PAST AND PRESENT MT. GILEAD. EARLY BUSINESS MEN-MAYORS AND MUNICIPAL MATTERS-MEMORIAL DAY AND SOLDIER DEAD-MT. GILEAD AS IT IS-RAIL - ROADS AND INDUSTRIES- BANKS OF MT. GILEAD. By Robert F. Bartlett. Upon the organization of Morrow county and the location of the county-seat at Mt. Gilead, in 1848, there came an influx of citizens and an impetus was given to building. The "American House" was built in 1846 by C. K. Lindsey, who was the first landlord, but only for a brief time when the gold fever seized him and he went to California. The next landlord of the "American" was Albert German, who was followed in turn by Frederick A. Miller, Sr., Jacob Baughman, Thomas Patterson and others. For the past year the building has been oecupied by the Republican Printing Company. For a few years in the fifties there was a hotel on the corner where the building of the National Bank of Mt. Gilead now stands, and kept successively by Dewitt C. Webb and by F. A. Miller, Sr. It burned and was not rebuilt, as a hotel. The "Globe hotel" on North Main street was built in 1869, by J. F. Stone, who was its landlord for .several years. Then L. Harvey Baughman rented the hotel and later became its proprietor. He died in 1909, and later the property was sold. The "Globe" is now kept by G. J. Smith. EARLY BUSINESS MEN. In 1853 James S. Trimble built the brick residence on spacious grounds on Iberia street, now occupied by Perry Cook and wife, and our townsman, Mark Cook, made his home with them. Mr. Trimble, for many years prior to 1852, was one of Mt. Gilead's most energetic business men in the drygoods line and in - 256 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 257 produce. After 1852 he had a warehouse on the railroad at Edison, and also a warehouse, and bought grains at Richwood, and added a private bank to his business in Mt. Gilead. A. 0. Shurr was the cashier of this bank for many years, followed by John F. Miller and his son, A. J. Trimble, as cashiers, until in April, 1878, when through no fault of his, but through his misfortune in the failure of other merchants and dealers, Mr. Trimble failed in business. About 1852, General John Beatty, now of Columbus, and Major William G. Beatty, deceased, were clerks in Mr. Trimble's drygoods business on South Main street. The store, in a frame building, afterwards burned, its site being now occupied by the dry goods store of White and Brainard, for many years the home of Mr. Trimble on Iberia street, was the best in Mt. Gilead, and is yet one of the finest. Mr. Trimble was born in Mt. Vernon in 1818, and died in Mt. Gilead in 1889. After the year 1848 the drygoods stores were respectively kept by R. House and Company (1832-72) and J. D. Rigour and Company, until about 1854 ; C. H. Chamberlain and Company, until 1867 ; Miles and Fogle and Miles, Barton and Miles, and White and Brainard, from 1882, and the Mt. Gilead Dry Goods Company, succeeded by A. A. Whitney and Sons, and Sherm, Jackson and Company and L. E. Jackson, the last four being in operation at this time. MAYORS AND MUNICIPAL MATTERS. Of the very earliest mayors of Mt. Gilead there is no record, and the oldest persons living cannot recall anyone before 1848, and there is no legend giving an account of one although the village was incorporated in 1839. The first known mayor was Jonathan S. Christie in 1848 ; then Samuel Bushfield, 1849 ; James W. Stinchcomb, 1850 and 1851; Thomas H. Dalrymple, 1852 and 1853; Robert B. Mitchell, 1854 ; S. M. Hewitt, 1856 ; William Welch, 1857; Silas Holt, 1858 ; John D. Foy, 1859 and 1860 ; James S. Trimble, 1861 and 1862 ; James M. Briggs, 1863 ; Bertrand Am drews, 1864; E. C. Chase, 1865; W. H. Albach, 1866 (six months) ; Bertrand Andrews, 1866 (for six months) ; Lyman B. Vorhies, 1867; Fletcher Douthett, 1868; Andrew D. Braden, 1869-70; Thomas H. Dalrymple, 1871-75 ; D. D. Booher, 1875-78 ; Joseph Hathaway, 1878 ; Louis K. Powell, 1879 to 1883 ; W. Smith Irwin, 258 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY 1883 to 1887 ; John A. Garver, 1887 to 1889 ; William F. Bruce, 1889-90 ; George W. Fluckey, 1891-1892 ; George W. Gunsaulus, 1893-4 ; Ben Olds, 1895 to 1899 ; William F. Bruce, 1899 to 1907 ; John R. Carpenter, 1908-9; William Kaufman, 1910-11. We notice the introduction of the .wonderful, agency, the telephone, which has so affected our business relations, and annihilated space, that the old manner of doing business has undergone an evolution, and is very much revolutionized. In 1883 the council of Mt. Gilead gave permission to several enterprising men from Cardington to erect poles for a telephone line through Mt. Gilead. The business has developed and enlarged into the Morrow County Telephone Company, with exchange number 13 at Mt. Gilead, and, 2,312 telephones in the county. Nearly one-half of the families in the county and most of the places of business, enjoy telephone service. The president of this company is A. A. Whitney ; vice president, V. W. Peck ; directors, W. F. Bruce. C. W. Schaaf, John W. Glauner, Z. D. Vail, Perry. Cook, Frank L. Beam and Mark Cook. It is proper to note here, that in the development of the transmission of messages by electricity Mr. Guglielmo Marconi, on a trip from Europe to Argentina, South America, took with him on his voyage a receiving instrument and a kite, and made arrangements for the transmission to the ship, of messages from the stations at Clifden, Ireland, and Glace Bay, Nova Scotia. The kite was flown by means of very long wire, the inventor receiving messages by this means (wireless) from a. distance of over thirty-five hundred miles, in the daytime. Greater distances of transmission are believed to be possible. The science of electricity has not yet reached its greatest development, and the writer believes that women and men are no living, who will stand back to back, each with a receiver to his ear, and a transmitter to his mouth, and talk on the telephone to each other, around the world. Electricity carries sound on a wire, at the great rate of 288,000 miles in a second, which is twelve times around the world. Truly space, to the finite mind, is annihilated. In 1894, under the mayoralty of Hon. W. F. Bruce, the paving of the city streets was commenced ; first, on the North square and adjacent portions of streets and that of West High and Main, from South ridge to the north line of the village ; Rich street from the Short Line depot south to Marion street ; Marion east to River Cliff cemetery ; Vine from East High to Union, and last by Center, from Rich east to River Cliff cemetery (in the summer of 1910). HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 259 The cost of these paved streets has been paid back to the property owners in the rise of real estate along the line of the streets, and soon after the first streets were paved the citizens of other thoroughfares were clamorous for a like improvement. In the year 1893 an electric light plant was established and electric lights have been luxuries that our citizens have enjoyed. Later, in 1902, a water-works system was installed and a water-tower or stand-pipe built; and the pumping system connected with the power-house in the electric light plant. Pure water is pumped from wells near the plant, which thus far have given an inexhaustible supply for fire-extinguishing and other purposes. (PICTURE: NORTH MAIN STREET, MT. GILEAD) In 1909 a general sewerage system was established in two divisions, determined by the nature of the land surface, and additions are in contemplation. The improvements in River Cliff cemetery are important and require our notice. In the year 1881 Dr. David L. Swingley erected a modest vault for family use, and in 1883, Dr. Isaac H. Pennock and John W. Ramey each built a similar structure. In 1884 Samuel P. Brown and Thornton L. James jointly erected a double mausoleum for the interment of members of their respective families, in the central part of the cemetery, and in 1886 the publie receiving vault and chapel was built by the village. In 1902 260 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Captain James K. Ewart built, of pressed brick, a very fine mausoleum at a cost of over thirteen thousand dollars. In the summer of 1910, A. J. Durkee constructed a public mausoleum at a great cost, with 270 crypts, or compartments therein, for the care of the dead and to be purchased by individuals. This mausoleum is to be sustained by the money derived from the sale of the crypts. MEMORIAL DAY (1910) AND SOLDIER DEAD. Memorial Day has been observed for many years, and we describe the proceedings in 1910, and give a list of soldiers' graves in the cemetery occupied by our deceased comrades up to that year. Decoration Day (1910) was fittingly observed by the citizens of Mt. Gilead. The town was beautifully decorated with flags and bunting. The windows of the stores were decorated in red, white and blue and the houses showed signs of patriotism. Crowds of people began to flock into town about noon and by one o'clock the streets were crowded. The G. A. R's, Sons of Veterans and the Woman's Relief Corps lined up on the square and, headed by the band, marched to the schoolhouse where the children of the grades were all lined up. A large American flag was presented to the sehool board by the W. R. C. and G. A. R's. Daniel Booher, making the presentation speech, asked that the teachers tell the scholars of the brave deeds done, requesting them to teach the children to have respect for the old soldiers, living or dead. Professor Ryan accepted the gift and thanked the donors in behalf of the faculty, school board and scholars. Everything he said was appropriate for the occasion. The flag was then hoisted while every one stood with uncovered head and the band played, "The Star Spangled Banner." Then the children sang "Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean." They went to the opera house to hear Judge Colonel Dodge give an address. Rolland Clevenger and Miss Barton, each sang solos. Mrs. Maud James sang a beautiful solo ; until about a year ago she was leading soprano in one of the large church choirs in Columbus. Guy Whitney, in a very pleasing manner, gave Lincoln's Gettysburg address. After the program at the hall, they went to decorate the graves. At the cemetery Attorney Barry gave a fitting address and the graves of the soldiers were decorated. HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 261 Following is a list of the soldiers buried in River Cliff and Old Cemetery, Mt. Gilead: Alexander Kingman, 2d Mass., Revolutionary war. Lodwick Hardenbrook, Revolutionary war, old cemetery. Henry Albaugh, War of 1812. William Addlesperger, War of 1812. Charles Carpenter, War of 1812, old cemetery. Abraham Hardendorf, War of 1812. Charles Mann, War of 1812. Corneilus Russell, War of 1812. Charles Russell, War of 1812. William Montgomery, War of 1812 ; old cemetery. James J. Runyan, Mexican war and Co. A, 20th regiment, O. V. I. Thomas Turner, Mexican war and Co. B, 43d 0. V. I. Lyman M. Courtright, Co.. I, 3d 0. V. I. Daniel J. Long, Co. I, 3d 0. V. I. C. L. Van Brimer, Co. I, 3d 0. V. I. William H. Wood, Co. I, 3d 0. V. I.. Abner Ustick, Co. K, 4th 0. V. I. John G. Byrd, Capt., Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. Jeremiah M. Dunn, Capt., 15th 0. V. I. Marshall S. Byrd, Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. Cyrus C. Clark, Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. Mortimer F. James, Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. Jaeob Karr, Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. Richard L. Wrenn, Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. George C. Earley, Co. C, 15th 0. V. I. Isaac W. Knepper, Co. G, 20th 0. V. I. David W. Bloxham, Co. G, 20th 0. V. I. William C. Manson, sergeant, Co. G. 20th 0. V. I. William W. McCracken, 2d lieut. Co. A, 20th 0. V. I. Charles W. Hotchkiss, Co. A, 20th 0. V. I. George Coleman, Co. A, 20th 0. V. I. Henry C. Shaw, Co. H, 25th O. V. I. Washington Gardner, Co. G, 26th 0. V. I. Henry G. Shedd, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. Socrates Shaw, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. Andrew M. Smith, Co. E, 26th O. V. I. James R. Goodman, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. Marcus A. Boner, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. John Derr, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. Vol. 1-17 262 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Thomas S. Rogers, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. Israel Reed, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. John W. Emerson, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. Charles G. Prentiss, Co. E, 26th 0. V. I. William H. Leonard, Co. C, 32d 0. V. I. Jacob Y. Apt, Co. C, 33d 0. V. I. Robert D. Clutter, Co. K, 38th 0. V. I. William M. Eccles, Co. K, 43d 0. V. I. Henry W. Breese, Co. 13, 43d and Co. K, 174th 0. V. I. William Work, Co. B, 43d and Co. C, 136th 0. V. I. James Heffelfinger, Co. B, 43d 0. V. I. August Mathews, Co. B, 58th 0. V. I. George H. Hales, corporal, Co. C, 64th and Co. B, 163d 0.V. I. James Olds, major, 65th 0. V. I. John S. Talmage, lieut., Co. D, 65th 0. V. I. William P. Stevens, Co. D, 65th 0. V. I. Lyman B. Vorhies, surgeon, 68th 0. V. I. Thomas England, Co. H, 69th 0. V. I. Caleb B. Ayres, lieut. Co. G, 81st 0. V. I. Richard S. Laycox, principal musician, 81st O. V. I. George Fry, Co. K, 81st 0. V. I. Davis. E. James, Co. F, 81st 0. V. I. Silas Holt, lieut., Co. C, 85th 0. V. I. James T. Livingston, Co. C, 88th 0. V. I. William Coe, Co. I, 88th 0. V. I. William Babcock, Co. G, 88th 0. V. I. John A. Craven, Co. K, 88th 0. V. I. Levi Harvey Baughman, Co. F, 88th 0. V. I. Stephen A. Parsons, Co. D, 90th 0. V. I. George N. Clark, adjutant, 96th 0. V. T. Thomas Litzenburg, lieut. Co. D, 96th and 136th 0. V. I. William W. Reed, 1st corp. 96th 0. V. I. Isaac Ely, corporal, 96th 0. V. I. Isaac N. Miracle, 96th 0. V. I. George W. Montgomery, 96th 0. V. I. William H. Dalrymple, 96th 0. V. I. Lemuel H. Breese, 96th 0. V. I. Milton Parks, Co. I, 120th 0. V. I. William Smith Irwin, lieut. col. 121st and col. 136th 0. V. 1 Paul. C. Wheeler, Co. G, 121st 0. V. I. Samuel W. Trowbridge, Co. A, 135th 0. V. I. HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 263 Joseph Hartpence, Co. C, 136th 0. V. I. Lacy Truex, Co. C, 136th 0. V. I. Thomas J. Davis, Co. F, 136th 0. V. I. J. Wilson McCracken, Co. F, 136th 0. V. I. Joseph Laycox, Co. F, 136th 0. V. I. Simeon W. Preston, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. Robert Brocklesby, Co. G, 136th and Co. I, 88th 0. V. I. Peter W. Young, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. Perry Parks, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. Mahlon Irey, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. William Wheeler, Co. 0, 136th 0. V. I. J. Hamilton Burns, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. John E. Smith, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. John Smith, Co. 0, 136th 0. V., I. John Comley Baxter, capt. Co. G, 136th and Co. G, 187th 0. V. I. Enoch P. George, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. Samuel R. Barton, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. James W. Clements, Co. 0, 136th 0. V. I. James E. Burr, Co. G, 136th 0.V. I. George Powell, Co. C, 136th 0. V.I. Isaac Blackford, Co. A, 136th O. V. I. George Livingston, Co. I, 136th 0. V. I. Ray Livingston, son of George, Spanish war. John B. Farley, Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. John Feld, Co. A, 174th 0. V. I. George W. Wrenn, Co. A, 174th 0. V. I. Dewitt C. Webb, Co. K, 174th 0. V. I. Ira B. Earley, Co. K, 174th and Co. G, 136th 0. V. I Leander E. Parsons, Co. K, 174th and. Co. G, 136th 0. V. I. Samuel Andrews, same. William D. Mathews, private, Co. F, 88th and Co. B, 87th; sergeant, Co. C, 86th and lieut. Co. G, 178th. Dr. Henry H. Shaw, private Co. I, 180th and surgeon 184th O. V. I. Martin V. Headington, Co. I, 180th 0. V. I. James R. Craven, Co. G, 187th 0. V. I. Charles W. Purcell, Co. G, 187th 0. V. I. John Henry Purcell, Co. -, 136th 0. V. I. Randolph L. Heaton, Co. B, 2d 0. H. Art. William H. Barnhard, Co. I, 2d 0. II. Art. Thomas J. Manahan, Batteries K and H, 5th artillery, U. S. A 264 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY George Burgoyne, 1st Ohio Indpt. Batty. James J. VanHorn, colonel, 8th U. S. I. Albert Germain, musician, 19th U. S. I. Alfred McDonald, Co. K, 9th 0. V. C. Levi Dewitt, Co. K, 2d Cal. Cavalry. Daniel Beers, Berdan's Sharpshooters, N. Y. Vol. Elijah Barnes, Co. I, 101st Ind. V. I. David Thompson, Co. I, 134th Ind. V. I. William P. Dumble, Co. M, 4th Tenn. Cav. A. B. Lerch, 57th Pa. Infy. William Lautsbaugh, Co. A, 101st and Co. F, 158th Pa. V. I. Frank T. Obey, Pa. Regt. Jonathan Hildebrand, Co. D, 103d Pa. I. Claudius Knox, army telegrapher. J. M. Andrews, Capt. steamboat on Ohio and Mississippi rivers during war. John F. Adams, died in Philippines. Edmund L. Baxter, Co. G, 187th 0. V. I. PROMINENT MEN AND WOMEN. Bennington township : Bernard M. Griffis, Jesse. Mason, Major Harry Johnson, William H. Kennedy, William Taylor, Fletcher Dewitt, David D. Ross, John Allison, Morgan Howard, Monroe Williams, Sophronia Babcock, B. B. Lewis. Dr. Jesse B. Culver, Henry E. Sherman, S. B. Smith, Edwin Howes, Alvin Philipps, Lafe S. Dudley, S. H. Rush, Henry Cooley, Dr. F. E. Thompson, J. A. Noe and Isaac W. Rush. Cardington township : Dr.. Henry S. Green, William P. Vaughan, George S. Singer, Hon. Walter W. Vaughan, Henry S. Mooney, Frank C. Shaw, Dr. Florence Smith-White, Hon. Henry Retterer, Simon C. Bennett, H. C. Hartsook, C. H. Hartsook, James Slicer, M. G. Wells, D. W. Hartsook, George Sellers, John Sellers, H. W. Benson, N. W. Smith, Professor F. H. Flickinger, Presley Curtis, A. E. Curtis, William Singer, Robert W. Long, Hannah. Pringle, Wilson Werts, Moses. C. Rogers, James Drury, Henry Carter, A. M. Rose, Dr. E. C. Sherman, A. W. James, Henry Ruhlman, Harry Mills, J. G. Mills, V. W. Peck, E. M. Willetts, J. C. Underwood, Dr. C. H. Neal, E. Winebar, E. Burt, E. Bitzer, J. W. Shaw, J. A. Leutz, Dr. M. B. Walters, Inez Neal, Etura V. Long, J. F. Brollier, A. L. Campbell, Gideon Mosher, A. Steger, H. S. Drury, F. M. Curl, Otho Curl, E. S. ,Curl, W. R. Burr, HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 265 Claude Thompson, Charles Ossing, Eunice K. Sanderson, Ada Tyree Mary Benson, R. A. Beatty, M. D. Miller, Gillian White-Shaw, Elizabeth Shunk, Margaret R. Stark, John Truesdell, R. F. Chase, Adin Salisbury and Gibson Mosher. Canaan township : Harrison Kinneman, John Clouse, Washington Harris, Jefferson Harris, Samuel Worden, Gilbert Martin, Z. L. Mills, J. W. Sexton, Clark Cox, J. R. Lyon, Henry Lepp, William Lepp, Wilson Lefever, David Feigley, Frank Lefever, George Kellog, A. M. Smith, Sheridan Cox, L. W. Wilson, George Gruber, Thomas Ewers and F. D. Riddle. Chester township : J. C. Swetland, John McClausland, William S. Shaffer, Irad Struber, George Orr, J. E. Dalrymple, Pitt Struble, Dr. J. W. Williams, John Williams, Dr. W. C. Hodges, David Dwyer, W. L. Smiley, J. L. Denman, George Rogers, Eliza Rogers, N. V. Runyan, C. W. Emerson and W. B. Burt. Congress township : Newton Rule, Henry Shire, John Warner, Henry Trimble, R. F. Kelker, E. A. Peoples, F. M. Goodrich, B. J. Potts, J. D. Maxwell, Denton Brewer, S. T. Poland, William W. Russell, Dr. J. L. Greaves, Joseph Zeger, George Lemon, Jonathan Brewer, R. L. Moffet, H. L. Galleher, E. Emahizer, Arthur Hershaw, George Jennings, Hull Bates, C. D. Dice, S. T. Rhodebeck, Chester Rhodebeck and Calvin Hull. Gilead township : James M. Albach, Louis K. Powell (judge), J. W. Berry, William F. Bruce, H. H. Harlan,' William H. Mitchell, C. H. Wood, S. C. Kingman, William M. Kaufman (mayor), B. Olds, T. B. Mateer, F. B. McMillin, H. B. McMillin, M. Burr Talmage, Dr. N. Tucker, Dr. W. B. Robison, Dr. J. C. McCormick, W. C. Bennett, W. L. Case, Mrs. Alice N. Case, Viola Talmage, Mrs. Sarah M. Miller, Mrs. Sarah L. Miller, Mrs. Hester A. Andrews, Dr. R. C. Spear, Dr. R. L. Pierce, Dr. B. D. Buxton, J. C. Williamson, (prosecuting attorney), Budd Bakes, C. R. Meredith, William F. Wieland, C. B. Chilcote, William G. Beebe, Harry S. Griffith, J. W. Griffith, Mrs. J. W. Griffith, Robert F. Bartlett, Mrs. Robert F. Bartlett, J. M. Hoffa, G. A. White, A. A. Whitney, C. L. Russell, B. S. Russell, Dr. George H. Pugh, J. C. Miracle, L. H. Ashley, S. W. Wilson, Walter Emerson, A. B. Johnson, G. W. Chipps, Reverend J. R. Carpenter, S. P. Gage, J. G. Russell, C. C. Wheeler, O. J. Miller, W. E. Miller, P. J. Miller W. C. McFarland, C. W. McFarland, Nancy Geller, Mary J. Byrd, Fanny B. Ball, Albert G. Gardner, Professor F. J. Ryan, C. D. Smiley, A. H. Breese (postmaster), H. G. Peters, T. J. Litzenburg, J. B. Shaw, B. B. McGowen, D. D. Booher, Judge J. W. Glauner, Frank Miller, 266 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY William Wood, Thomas A. Wood, Mary S. Secles, William Brooks, Captain L. M. Cunard, L. C. Lyman, C. R. Mozier, N. N. Mosher, Robert Mosher, I. T. McLain, T. N. Hickman, Hicks Mosher, Joseph Mosher, Mrs. Sue M. Russell, Mrs. C. C. Wheeler, George K. and Belle Foye, Mr. and Mrs. Morris, J. W. Ramey, Clark Hershner, Mrs. Sarah Bailey and Perry Cook, Franklin township : E. S. Hartpence, F. P. Morrison, George T. Barnes, N. F. Barnes, A. J. Gordon, J. B. Denman, Lafe Gates, W. S. Hartwell, Joseph Groves, Milton Groves, Ira M. Luk, Fred Gale, Thomas F. Gordon, J. N. Talmage, M. W. Frizzell, Charles Carson, George P. Markley, and Horatio Markley. Harmony township : George W. Hiskett, George W. Jordon, John Wright, N. N. Green, Denton Chilcote, Eli Barry, Perry Turner, Charles Brown, D. D. Jones, Wayne McCracken, H. H. Williams and L. Gorsuch. Lincoln township : R M. Dick, William H. Russell (postmaster, Fulton), Dr. John Canis, C. C. Smith, J. A. Click, D. Denzer, J. W. Vaughan, S. P. Brown, F. M. Carpenter, C. F. Ossing, Joseph Russell, Lafe Burke, D. F. Dick, J. S. Buck, S. D. Powell, A. J. Battey, George Yake, H. R. Jones, Robert Gardner, E. Y. Kingman, I. D. Bennett, George Charles and I. J. Wiseman. Perry township : Jedidah Baker, L. Dennis, Seymour Whitney, Claude Coe, H. W. Snyder, J. W. Thuma, Byron Levering, M. L. Sowers and E. C. Snyder. Peru township : S. H. Baldwin, George J. Wood, Thomas Wood, 0. D. Neill, John Osborn, D. Dennis, L. Whipple; Harper Fleming, 0. A. Lee and Isaac Clark. North Bloomfield township : Frank Rinehart, Dr. Joseph McFarland, D. K. Baggs, S. B. Appleman, H. E. Dudley, George Coulson, Sam Richardson, William Kerr, J. S. Burt, Joseph Yeager, S. W. Bear, P. H. Garverich and Levi Warner. South Bloomfield township : Warren Swetland, W. L. Swetland, C. L. V. Herrod, D. Potts, Jesse Sellars, S. B. Marvin, W. C. Austin, W. C. Barre, Sally I. Brown, E. C. Harris, S. D. Lyon, Washington Ramsey, D. S. Hopkins, Miller Riley, T. Hicks, Smith Sears, Clark Sears, L. C. Mitchell, Mell Conway and Mrs, Frank Harris. Troy township : William A. Ferguson, George W. Hershner, George W. Ross, Levi Texter, Edward Meckley and S. P. Stull. Washington township : John McNeal, Samuel Nesbitt, William Goorley, William A. Braden, D. M. Douglas, S. P. Jones, J. J. Maidens, S. Nelson, Clem McAnall, George Lepp, W. F. Blaney, A. B. Newson, W. A. Irwin, A, M. Cox and J. C. Thomas. HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 267 Westfield township Reuben Aldrich, Felix B. Shaw, 0. E. Richardson, A. M. Beatty, Robert Beatty, J. B. Culp, F. M. Curren, Stephen Curren, John Ruggles, E. M. Conklin, J. C. Luellen, Lafe Carpenter, Wilbert Granger, Solon Granger and C. S. Dildine. THE MORROW COUNTY DOUBLE-HEADED BABY. On October 12, 1870, there was born in Peru township, Morrow county, one of the most remarkable double-headed children ever known. It consisted of two perfect children from the heads to the umbilicus, or navel, which was in common. From this point the two united in one body, the intestinal and secretory and excretory organs were common to both. The genital organs were those of a female. On one side were two well-formed legs, extending from the side of the body at an equal distance from each head, and at right angles to the body, perfect in all respects with the exception of a slight twist in one of the feet. At the other side of the body there was a double leg or rather two legs united into one ; this also extended at right angles from the body. This double leg terminated in a double foot on which were eight toes and two heels. At birth the child weighed twelve pounds. The mother was healthy and was not aware of any circumstances to account for the peculiar form of the child. From its birth both parts were as healthy as the average infant. The parts were named Mina and Minnie respectively. The circulation of the blood at the two extremities of this double child was independent. The pulse at the wrist of one set of arms had been found to beat six beats faster than that of the other. The prick of a pin or pinch of the shoulder of one was not noticed by the other. Sometimes one was asleep while the other was awake. The appearance of the child was not at all repulsive, for both faces were bright, intelligent and pleasing. The mother of the child was Ann Eliza Finley, and was born in Ohio in 1836. She was a robust woman, quiet and self possessed in manner. She was married to Joseph Finley in 1859, and her husband later served as a Union soldier in the war of the Rebellion. Previous to the birth of this double-headed child, the parents had two daughters and one son, and afterwards a daughter; none of these had anything peculiar in their organizations. When about five months old the child was taken on a tour for exhibition to the eastern cities, and was also exhibited and examined at several medical colleges. 268 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY It died at Boston, Massachusetts, July 18, 1871, just nine months and six days after its birth. A few days previous to its death Mina had an attack of cholera infantum, but had partially recovered when Minnie was attacked with the same complaint, and was seized with an attack of vomiting and gradually sank until 7:15 in the evening, when she passed away, and was followed just one hour later by Mina. THE BANKS OF MT. GILEAD. The first move in the banking business was in the early fifties. When John Shauck, Richard House, A. K. Dunn and W. Smith Irwin, of Morrow county and a few others from. Richland county formed a banking company which continued a few years, and was merged into the Granite Bank at the southeast corner of Main and Center streets ; this was also called the banking house of Richard House and Company, of which Richard House was president and W. Smith Irwin, cashier, and was a bank of deposit and loans. The First National Bank of Mt. Gilead was organized in December, 1863. Dr. James M. Briggs was the first president and he so remained until 1880, with an interval of two years. He had come to Mt. Gilead from Iberia in the fall of 1860. Richard Johnson House was the first cashier. It was the first bank of issue and number 258. J. J. Cover was president for 1865, and Judge A. K. Dunn for 1866; William F. Bartlett, of Chesterville, was president from 1880 until his death in July, 1885, and Robert P. Halliday was cashier and Ralph P. Miller teller for about fifteen years. The charter was renewed in 1883, at the end of the twenty years limit, and in 1903 the institution reorganized under the name of Mt. Gilead National Bank. William Hull was president during 1884 and 1885; Allen Levering 1886 to 1890 ; William M. Carlisle from January, 1890 to January 1900, since when Henry H. Harlan has served as president. John G. Russell became cashier February 1, 1890, and was continued as such until January 1, 1909. C. W. Shaaf became assistant cashier in 1896 and on January 1, 1909, was promoted to his present position as cashier. The present officers and directors are herewith given : H. H. Harlan, president; Mark Cook and J. G. Russell, vice presidents; C. W. Schaaf, cashier ; G. H. Whitney, teller. Directors: H. H. Harlan, Mark Cook, Dr. N. Tucker, Dr. W. C. Bennett, Perry Cook, J. G. Russell and 0. J. Miller. The last bank statement indicates that the resources of the HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 269 Mt. Gilead National bank amount to $533,829.61; that its capital stock is $50,000; surplus and undivided profits, $42,476.01, and deposits (both individual and demand), $391,358.60. The National Bank of Morrow county was established in 1880, and Mr. William H. Marvin, of Cardington, was the first president; George N. Clark, first vice president, and M. Burr Talmage first cashier; followed by William W. McCracken, X. C. Stewart, George Wolcott, David V. Wherry, Samuel P. Gage and Harry B. McMillin (the last since 1904). On the reorganization in 1900, forty per cent on the capital stock of $50,000 was divided among the stockholders. M. Burr Talmage has been president since 1893. Since the reorganization in 1900, with capital of $50,000, according to its last statement its resources amount to $558,593.55; surplus and undivided profits, $48,104.62; deposits (individual and demand), $390,488.93. The present board of officers and directors are as follows: M. Burr Talmage, president; Mell B. Talmage, vice president; H. B. McMillin, cashier, who are, with Dr. N. Tucker, J. C. Criswell, H. S. Cruikshank, A. A. Whitney, C. H. Wood, W. E. Miller, A. V. Miracle and B. B. Lewis, also directors. A dividend of six per cent is paid annually. The officers and directors have the confidence of the public, and the bank is enjoying a high degree of prosperity. The Mt. Gilead Savings and Loan Company is connected with the National Bank of Morrow county, as its business is transacted at the same offices, and its officers and some of its stockholders are interested in both, institutions. Its paid-in capital and surplus is represented as $50,000 in 1905. It was organized in February, 1887, and its officers claim that not a dollar has ever been lost for a depositor, and the business of the company has shown constant growth. Four per cent interest is paid on deposits. H. B. McMillin has been executive officer for twenty years last past, its officers and directors, as a whole, being as follows: W. E. Miller, president; W. L. Case, vice president ; Mell B. Talmage, treasurer; Harry B. McMillin, seeretary ; N. Tucker, M. D., C. H. Wood, F. B. McMillin, J. W. Wood and E. H. Pollock. According to its last statement its assets total $77,661.31; yearly receipts, $58,111.66 ; cash on hand, $14,928.62. The Peoples' Saving Bank Company was organized in April, 1904. William M. Carlisle was elected president, and remained as such until 1911, when he voluntarily retired, and Dr. W. B. Robison was chosen. Samuel P. Gage was elected cashier on the organ- 270 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY zation in April, 1904, and yet retains that position. The standing of this bank is the strongest evidence that these men have the confidence of the public and merit it. The Peoples' Savings Bank Company was the leader in the payment of interest on deposits. Officers and directors : Dr. W. B. Robison, president ; W. M. Carlisle, and Dr. N. Tucker, vice presidents ; S. P. Gage, cashier ; A. C. Duncan, assistant cashier; Z. A. Powers, teller ; A. B. Comins, Dr. J. C. McCormick, W. H. Brown, J. M. Albach, S. C. Kingman, C. L. Russell, J. L. McCamman, A J. Gordon, W. F. Blaney, M. L. Phillips, A. T. Mann and H. G. Peters. CHAPTER XIV. CHURCHES OF MT. GILEAD. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN MOUNT GILEAD—THE METHODIST CHURCH— THE BAPTIST CHURCH—UNIvERSALIST CHURCH—PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH—CHURCH OF CHRIST, SCIENTIST. By Robert F. Bartlett. Mount Gilead is a moral and a high-minded community, the outward and most striking manifestation of this feature of her life being the religious, charitable and benevolent organizations which have flourished in her midst these many years. Her churches took root over eighty years ago, and Odd Fellowship appeared as the first of the secret and benevolent societies more than three-score years ago. Presbyterian and Methodist were founded as nearly contemporaneous forces in the spiritual advancement of the people of Mt. Gilead and vicinity, as will be seen from the subjoined sketches of the local churches. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN MT. GILEAD. Reverend Henry Shedd, was the pioneer missionary and pastor, and founded Presbyterianism in Mt. Gilead". He came in 1829, as a missionary, and two years later, on March 2, 1831, a church was organized at the home of George D. and Ann R. Cross of twenty-six members namely :— James and Lydia Bennett; John and Ann Hardenbrook ; Henry and Abigail Ustick; John and Elmira Roy; Thomas and Sarah Mickey; William N. and Elizabeth Mateer, and John and Jane Mateer (all married couples) ; Elizabeth Johnston, May Eccles, Margaret Moriarty, Ann R. Cross, Joanna H. Giles, Jane Cooper and Mary G. Shedd (wives) ; Hannah Softly, Sarah Campbell, Margaret Maginnis (widows) ; and Joseph A xtell and John Ustick. It was called the Presbyterian church of Morrow (the name of the township) and in October, 1835, the Presbytery changed the name to "The First Presbyterian Church of Mt. Gilead." - 271 - 272 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY From this beginning of the twenty-six pioneers in 1831, the society built a small frame church in 1845, and in 1910 there existed a membership of 340, with a house of worship (erected in 1883) of briek and a fine pipe organ. Reverend Henry Shedd graduated at Dartmouth College, PICTURE OF REV. HENRY SHEDD. Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1826, was one in a class of thirty-six, of whieh Hon. Salmon P. Chase was a member, and became the most illustrious minister of the Mt. Gilead Church. In 1829 he graduated from the Theological Seminary at Andover Massachusetts ; was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Newburysport, Massachusetts, in Park Street church, Boston, and came immediately as missionary to Mt. Gilead in April, 1829. In a sermon preached by him on April 5, 1864, HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 273 he said: "My location was fixed in the eastern part of Marion county in the beech woods, in a place now called Mt. Gilead. It was a new, wooded, muddy country, without roads or bridges or any improvements, except little openings here and there in the dense forests, with the hospitable new corners in their log cabins, connected together by trails or blazed paths. There was preaching in Henry Ustick's mill, in Lewis Hardenbrook's barn, in log cabins, in the First Methodist church, and in the forest (God's most magnificent sanctuary)." On November 12, 1835, the church was divided into the Old and New School, and reunited on October 2, 1865. From this church there have gone into the ministry eleven young men licensed as Presbyterian ministers, as follows : Simon Brown, 1840 ; John Ustick, 1842 ; W. C. Brown, 1847 ; Robert Morrison, 1851; John Axtell (afterwards connected with Cumberland Presbyterian Church) ; and John H. Shedd, son of Reverend Hairy Shedd, in 1858, the second named serving as missionary to Oroomia, Persia, from that year until 1870, and as Professor in Bidwell Institute, North Carolina, from 1872 to 1878, when he returned to his former post in Persia where he died in 1895; Nelson A. Shedd and Frank H. Shedd, grandsons of Reverend Henry Shedd: Edward M. McMillin, son of Reverend Milton McMillin, 1890; Frederick N. McMillin, pastor of Walnut Hills (Cincinnati) Church, 1897; William C. Miles, 1890, and Nathan T. Brown, who became a minister in the Protestant Methodist church. The pastorates of Henry Shedd, Milton McMillin, W. S. Eagleson and William Houston have been the most noted, and in that of the last the membership was increased from 185, in 1899, to 340, in 1911. Following is a complete list of the pastors who have served the Presbyterian Church of Mt. Gilead:— Henry Shedd, 1831; 1838; 1853. Mann Thompson, 1842-43. James Brown, 1847-51 John Q. Hall, 1862-63. Wm. Mathews, 1837-38. A. D. Chapman, 1844-47. W. B. Spaulding, 1851-53. F. A. Griswold, 1863-65. Old School. Cephas D. Cook, 1840-41.  Wm. H. Rice, 1843-48. John Auston, 1852-54. C. H. Perkins, 1859-60. Wm. B. Faris, 1861-63. John Hattery, 1841-42. Silas Johnson, 1849-52. J. C. Lloyd, 1854-58. D. B. Hervey, 1860. F. A. Griswold, 1863-64. 274 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY United Church. Henry G. Blayney, 1866-67.  Chas. E. Barnes, 1874. W. S. Eagleson, 1876-92. Wm. Houston, 1899-1911. Milton McMillin, 1867-74. T. K. Davis, 1875. Chas. M. Frazier, 1893-99. M. T. Ward, 1911, (Present Pastor). THE METHODIST CHURCH. The Methodists were the first in the forest in this section, and the Reverend Russell Bigelow was the pioneer evangelist of the Methodist church to preach to the settlers who came to Whetstone METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, MT. GILEAD, OHIO. and vicinity, and the very first services were held in 1828 at the houses of Joseph P. Newson and James Beatty. During the year 1829 a society was formed and the erection of a ehurch building was soon commenced, located on the east side of Rich street and south of Marion street, being completed in 1832 and continuing to be the place of worship until 1845. Some of the men who formed that society and built the first chureh have children and grandchildren and great-grandchildren living in our midst, and a few of the original members and founders of that church society were James Beatty, Alben Coe, Sr., Ruth Coe, John and Tacy Nickols, HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 275 Albert and Raehael Nickols, Preston J. and Martha Friend, Roswell Webster, Charles C. and Ann Webster, Marvin G. and Maria Webster, Abraham and Lucy Newson, Joseph and Susannah New-son, Philip Thomas and wife, George Merrill and wife, Charles Mann, Abraham and Margaret Coe, Nathan Williams, a Mr. Callahan and wife, Isaac Bennett and Obediah Mosher. The Methodists then had the custom of having tickets of admission to their love-feasts, and no one could be admitted without a ticket to present to the doorkeeper. In time this was done away with and the church became more liberal. These customs were prior to 1850. Isaac Bennett, Jr., a member of this church, became a preacher and was assistant pastor on the circuit before 1836. Joseph Newson, son of Joseph P. Newson, also became a preacher of this church. In April 1844, a much forger and more commodious church building was commenced on the lot on which the brick structure stands on East High street. It was during the building of that church that the writer, then a boy of four years, stood with his mother on the sidewalk to watch the men erect the bents of the frame, and saw Charles Byrd, the master builder, stand on a tie and shout his commands to the men, as he was carried up with the bent, or part being raised. By 1844 the church membership was largely increased, under Zephaniah Bell and Silas Ensign, the first circuit riders on this circuit (which was a large part of what is now Morrow county) and Samuel Allen and others. Some of the most prominent citizens of the village became members, among whom were : Solomon Geller, Charles Byrd, Richard and Nathan House, Henry and John R. Snider, Aaron N. and James Madison Talmage, John H. Young, Levi Thurston, Craven 0. Van Horn, Elzy Barton, Elias Cooper, William Linn, Abner M. Bartlett, Jonathan S. Christy, William S. Clements and Benjamin Hull and their wives and Nancy Geller. Later accessions were : William H. Burns, Thomas H. Dalrymple, Judson A. Beebe, William Welch, Henry C. Brumback, Andrew R. Boggs, Barton S. Russell, A. E. Hahn, John Comley Baxter, Abner Ustick, Benjamin Fogle, C. D. Ensign and Henry G. Talmage, with their wives. After 1853 the church was separated from the circuit and was made a "station,' in church parlance. In 1899 a fine new brick ehurch, with art memorial windows dedicated to pioneer members, was built on East High street, on the location of the .church of 1844, under the pastorate of Austin 276 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Philpot, and was dedicated March 4, 1900. In August of that year an appropriate pipe organ was placed therein. The church has now a membership of three hundred and sixty-two, and is in a highly prosperous eondition, both spiritually and finaneially, under the pastorate of Reverend Schuyler E. Sears. The Methodist church, in its long line of circuit riders, and preachers and its membership, has been one of the enlightening Influences in this community. The circuit riders were as follows: 1829-30—Zephaniah Bell and Silas Ensign. 1831—John C. Havens and Harry Camp. 1832—Abner Goff and George Smith. 1833—Samuel Allen and George Smith. 1834—Samuel Allen and J. B. Kellam. 1835-James Wilson and Isaac Bennett. 1836—Zephaniah Bell and Silas Ensign. 1837—E. Day and 0. Hinman. 1838-9—Samuel Lynch and Rowland Hill. 1840—Samuel P. Shaw and Ira Chase. 1841-John Blanfield and J. Orr. 1842—Wesley C. Clark and J. Orr. 1843—Wesley C. Clark and J. Freece. 1844—S. M. Allen and W. M. Spofford. 1845—J. M. McMahon and M. T. Ward. 1846—Hobart G. Dubois and Philip Plummer. 1847—Hobart Dubois and J. C. Orr. 1848-9—S. H. Alderman and J. C. Orr. 1850-1—Oliver P. Burgess. 1852—Oliver P. Burgess and J. H. Hutchinson. 1853—John Mitchell and D. M. Conant. 1854—S. Newton, on the station. 1855—Austin Coleman. 1856—Cadwallader H. Owens. 1857-8—Hobart G. Dubois. 1859-60—Chester L. Foote. 1861—Loren Prentiss. 1862-3—John A. Berry. 1864-5—D. D. T. Mattison. 1866—William Conant. 1867—George Mather. 1868—William Jones. 1869-70—George Ball. HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 277 1871—John Whitworth. 1872-3--Robert McCaskey. 1874-5—Israel H. McConnell. 1876-7--Orlando Badgley. 1878-9—Andrew Pollock. 1880-1--A. Nelson. 1882-3—J. F. Brant. 1884-5—G. W. Huddleston. 1886-90--S. T. Dunbar. 1891-2—G. A. Reeder. 1893-5—W. D. Gray. 1896-1901—Austin Philpott. 1901-3—Robert H. Balmer. 1904—Elvero Persons. 1905—B. J. Mills. 1909—Schuyler E. Sears. THE BAPTIST CHURCH. Early in May, 1846, a Baptist church was organized at Mt. Gilead, with the Reverend Benjamin H. Pearson as pastor, and meetings were held in the Presbyterian church once a month for a year. In 1849 the Reverend Pearson preached one-half of the time only, being, at the same time, pastor of the Franklin Baptist church. In 1847 the building of a church, with the aid of friends, was commenced on the northeast corner of the South Public square. The organization struggled along until 1853, when it disbanded. In the meantime the building had been rented, first, for a seminary for young women, by Mrs. W. S. Spaulding, and then to the county commissioners, and courts were held therein until 1850. The buildmg is now the warehouse of Wagner Brothers, near the Short Line depot. After the church had been disbanded and apparently dead, the Reverend William Branch, pastor at Bryn Zion, reorganized the church with nineteen members, viz : Reverend William Branch,' L. C. K. Branch, Simeon Herrick, Mary A. Barton, Anseville C. Gurley, David Auld, Lovina Auld, Charles Carpenter, Eliza Darling, Joseph Waldorf; Esther Hershner and John E. Smith. The church was admitted to the Mt. Vernon Association in September, 1854, and was called the Mt. Gilead Baptist church. In 1856 a frame church building was erected on the lot on Vol. 1-18 278 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY West High street now occupied by the new and commodious brick church erected in 1907-8, and dedicated July 16, 1908. This brick church building is the finest in Mt. Gilead, and, together with pipe organ, cost nearly $30,000, one-half of which: was contributed by Dr. Nathan Tucker, through whose generosity the society was able to build such a church. Present membership, 262. The following list of pastors shows that several months and sometimes a year intervened between them. Benjamin H. Pearson, fall of 1845-50. William Branch, December, 1853—January 25, 1855. E. D. Thomas, January 25, 1855—April 1, 1858. A. Pratt June 1859—March, 1861. J. G. Bowen, May, 1861—May, 1863. Lyman Whitney, July, 1864-March, 1865. Charles Morton, November, 1865—March, 1866. S. T. Bostwick, April, 1867—November, 1867. Watson Clark, January, 1868—June, 1869. J. B. Hutton, November, 1869—May, 1871. D. B. Simms, May, 1872—October, 1878, 1881, 1884. A. J. Wiant, November, 1878—May, 1881. A. B. Banker, 1885-7. F. W. Creamer, August, 1887-89. J. Tudor Lewis, June, 1889—December, 1898. J. N. Hollingsworth, May, 1899—September, 1900. J. S. Cleveland, November, 1900—January, 1903. Benjamin F. Tilley, March, 1903—June, 1906. Otis Green, October, 1906—June, 1906. John W. Craig, January 1, 1911. THE UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. The Universalists of Mt. Gilead and vicinity held occasional services in the court house and succeeded in creating much interest This culminated in organization of a society and the erection of a house of worship, the church, which exists today as an exponent of the liberal faith. The building was dedicated January 27, 1861, and on the 27th day of May, 1861, the church was legally organized with twelve persons as charter members. Many others have united with this church, until they have a long list of members, some of whom are found in the various parts of the county. The church has seventy resident members in Mt. Gilead. In 1865 the church purchased a pipe organ, the only one in the village for HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 279 many years. The organ is in good condition today and is still used at the church services. In 1867 this church entertained the State Convention of Universalists. At that meeting there were over one thousand visitors. In 1908, the church again entertained the same convention. The Sunday school has always been a prominent feature in this church. It was the first to introduce a Christmas tree as a part of its work. Only two Christmas seasons have passed without a tree. For pastors, this church has had some of the prominent men of the denomination, as follows: George R. Brown, January 27, 1861. H. R. Nye, April 1, 1863. J. W. Henley, January 1, 1866. W. B. Woodbury, January 1, 1867. Marion Crosley, November 1, 1869. G. W. Crowell, December 1, 1870. E. Morris, January 1, 1872. N. S. Sage, March 16, 1873. Frank Evans, April 1, 1878, major 81st Regiment, 0. V. I. H. L. Canfield, September 30, 1881. M. D. Shumway, December 1, 1882. S. P. Carlton, January 1, 1885. William Tucker, January 1, 1889. J. F. Carney, May 21, 1893. Lottie D. Crosley, June 1, 1896. G. H. Ashworth, May 1, 1901. Lewis Robinson, July 31, 1902. N. C. Dickey, October 31, 1903. John R. Carpenter, the present pastor. Charter members : Smith Thomas, Elizabeth Thomas, Elizabeth A. House, John J. Gurley, Abraham Coe, Henry Lambert, H. J. Lambert, Sarah Dawson, Charlotte Dawson, Mary J. Turner and Catherine Talmage. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The first service of the Episcopal ehurch was conducted by the Reverend William Brown then rector of Grace church, Galion, now bishop of Arkansas. The services were held in Levering hall, at 7:30 P. M., April 7, 1888. Hester A. Andrews was the only communicant until the first confirmation class of May 1, 1891, which 280 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY consisted of the following persons : Amelia Brainerd, Jennie Burns, George F. Walcott, Albert Volney Walcott and Fannie Walcott. Previous to this confirmation, a baptismal service had been held in the Universalist church, on July 6, 1890. Application for admission as a mission station under the name of the Church of the Transfiguration was made May 1, 1891, signed by thirteen persons. This application was duly accepted. The parish now has about thirty-five communicants, and they hope to soon build a church. CHURCH OF CHRIST, SCIENTIST. The first Christian Science service held in Mt. Gilead was in 1902, when two ladies met in the home of one, every Sunday morning, to read the lesson sermon. Others soon joined and in 1907 a society was organized, composed of eight members, viz : Barton S. Russell, Malinda C. Russell, Carrie D. Powell, Sarah H. Albach, C. L. Russell, Sue C. Russell, Ada G: Jackson and M. Belle Miles. At the present time (August, 1911) the society of Christian Scientists is holding services and Sunday school every Sunday morning, and a testimonial meeting Wednesday evening. They also maintain a reading room and library that is equipped with literature pertaining to Christian Science, which is free to all who wish to use it. It is the consensus of opinion among the people who have observed the lives of Christian Scientists that they endeavor to live that higher life that is above the observance of the mere letter of the law; that life which is the spirit of the law, and it stands for equity, justice, mercy and love. CHAPTER XV. FRATERNAL, SOCIAL AND LITERARY. FIRST LODGE (ODD FELLOWS) -OTHER ODD FELLOW BODIES-THE MASONS IN MOUNT GILEAD-PATRIOTIC SOCIETIES-KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS-SKETCH OF PYTHIANISM-LITERARY CLUBS-MOUNT GILEAD FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY- TEMPERANCE MOVEMENTS. By Robert F. Bartlett. We enter upon the duty of briefly giving the history of the fraternal, social and benevolent orders of our village, and as Mt. Gilead Lodge, No. 169, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was instituted October 26, 1850, and was the pioneer, we give it first. Its five charter members were William Johnson, John W. Place, Joseph D. Rigour, David Smith and James R. West. FIRST LODGE (ODD FELLOWS) The institution of the lodge was by William C. Earl, sovereign noble grand, and Alexander E. Glenn, grand secretary. Its first officers were John W. Place, noble grand; Joseph D. Rigour, vice grand ; David Smith, financial secretary and treasurer; William Robbins became recording secretary. For many years the lodge struggled for existence and at one time was in danger of having its charter revoked, but it held on to its work and now enjoys an era of genuine prosperity, and a membership of one hundred and seventy-seven. James G. Miles, who came by transfer card, is the oldest Odd Fellow in Morrow county, and was made such in May, 1852. Barton S. Russell was initiated in the lodge December 27, 1857, and Elias Francis Cooper, who died February 27, 1911, was initiated a few days later, and each was promoted to all the lodge honors. In 1876 the spacious and commodious hall and anterooms in Van Horn block were completed and oecupied. In 1880 the lodge had fifty-six members, and for that year its officers were John W. Galleher, N. G.; John G. Russell, V. G.; George Jago, R. secretary; E. F. Cooper, financial secretary, and - 281 - 282 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY James G. Miles, treasurer. Brothers J. Rufus Miles and Ralph P. Miller have been promoted to be grand masters of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. The elective officers of the order at this time are : John W. Cook, N. G. ; Frank J. Ryan, V. G. ; Edward J. Wieland, recording secretary ; Charles C. Wheeler, financial secretary, and B. H. Masters, treasurer; Clayton James, chaplain ; 0. S. Wagner, warden; D. D. Booher, George J. Young and William F. Wieland, trustees. OTHER ODD FELLOW BODIES. Morrow Encampment, No. 59, I. O. O. F., was instituted December 29, 1853, by Henry Lamb, D. G. P. and A. K. Foote, Grand Scribe. The charter members were Joseph D. Rigour, David L. Bartlett, Stephen Casey, Daniel L. Case, Stephen Morehouse, and James W. Stinchcomb. The first officers were Joseph D. Rigour, C. P. ; James W. Stinchcomb, S. W. ; Stephen Casey, treasurer, and Stephen Morehouse, scribe: In 1880 there were twenty-six patriarchs, and the encampment officers were : H. Campbell, C. P. ; James G. Miles, H. P. ; Howard M. Whitby, S. W., George Jago, scribe, and William Jacobs, treasurer. There are now seventy-two members in the encampment. Past Grand Patriarch John A. Garver is now representative to the Sovereign Grand Lodge. The present officers are : E. B. Russell, C. P. ; John W. Cook, H. P. ; J. A. Powers, S. W. ; E. J. Wieland, recording scribe ; W. C. Barre, financial scribe ; B. S. Russell, treasurer ; C. R. Meredith, J. W. ; J. M. Conger, C. W. Schaaf and E. J. Wieland, trustees.' Mt. Gilead Sunnyside Rebecca Lodge; No. 352, was instituted August 15, 1892, by Grand Master W. W. Bowen, assisted by Galion Rebecca Lodge. The charter members were sixty-six, as follows : Ralph P. Miller, Alexander E. Hahn, Louisa Hahn, Ferd Brown, Martha Brown, Frederica Andrews, Walter 0. Andrews, Samuel Andrews, J. W. Busby, Gertrude Busby, Frank B. McMillin, Alice K. McMillin, Fred Truex, Birdie Truex, Belle Miles, J. R. Miles, John A. Garver, Lizzie U. Garver, M. W. Spear, Hortense Spear, E. N. Bogle, Estella Boyle, S. C. Kingman, Mary Kingman, T. W. Long, H. S. Griffith, Mary A. Miller, A. D. James, Addie James, D. H. Lincoln, Sylvia Lincoln, E. E. Neal, Emma Neal, Joseph Watson, Catherine Watson, Maggie B. Watson, Davis E. James, Jemima E. James, W. J. Simms, Emma Simms, Florence HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 283 Johnson, Lyde Wheeler, Charles C. Wheeler, James B. Lewis, Anna Lewis, Max Brown, E. F. Cooper, Florence Cooper F. J. Cooper, M. J. Griffith, Mame Baxter, Mary J. •Byrd, A. A. Whitney, Ella A. Whitney, B. A. Barton, Elma Barton, T. S. Rogers, N. E. Rogers, Margaret Mateer, Nellie Griffith, Addie Vanatta, E. B. Vanatta and Abbie Dawson. The first corps of officers was Louisa Hahn, N. G. ; Mary A. Miller, V. G. ; Hortense Spear, R. S. ; Alice Gage, F. S.; Sylvia Lmcoln, treasurer; Margaret Mateer, Lizzie C. Garver and Mary J. Byrd, trustees. The following are the past noble Brands : Louisa Hahn, Mary A. Miller, Mary Kingman, Emma Simms, Alice Gage, Emma Neal, Lizzie U. Garver, Helena Mooney, Hortense Spear, Anna Lewis, Lura Jackson Fowble, Ella A. Whitney, Clara Dumbaugh, Mary J. Byrd, Emma Wieland, Minnie Dumbaugh, Anna Heaton, Carrie B. Ells, Nettie Wieland, Melinda Russell, Mabel Lewis, Rose Dumbaugh, Jennie Shaw, Mayme Bennett-Beebe, Laura Pierce, Nellie Jackson, 'Faith Barnes, Flora Billett, Ella Griffis, Eldegerte Breese, Laura Chipps, Mary Booher, Emma Doty, Nona Laycox, Vertie Russell and Anna Johnson. The present officers are : Elizabeth Schaaf, N. G. ; Blanche Brollier, V. G.; Elizabeth Clark, R. S. ; Flora Billett, F. S. ; Florence Wieland, treasurer and Lola Wolford, Lizzie Gardner and Laura Fowble, trustees. Mrs. Hortense Spear was president of the state assembly in 1901-2. The number of members in good standing is 202, and the lodge is very prosperous. THE MASONS IN MT, GILEAD. The Masonic Order is the most ancient of all the fraternal bodies and its origin is shrouded in mystery. Before King, Solomon was, and the temple built by him at Jerusalem, it seems to have existed. It is claimed by good authority that Moses was a grand master mason. The conception of Free Masonry is of a world-wide brotherhood. Mt. Gilead Lodge No. 206, F. and A. M., was instituted October 24, 1851. The charter members were Wesley C. Clark, James W. Stinchcomb, Andrew K. Dunn, John B. Dumble, Andrew Poe, Theodore P. Glidden, Israel Hite, Judson A. Beebe and Stephen T. Cunard. 284 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Wesley C. Clark was the first worshipful master; James W. Stinchcomb, the first senior warden and Andrew K. Dunn, first junior warden. The charter is signed by W. B. Hubbard, grand master, and B. F. Smith, grand secretary. The first meeting was held January 6, 1851, the lodge having been organized under dispensation at that time and chartered in October, 1851. Other officers elected : Theodore P. Glidden, first treasurer; Andrew Poe, first secretary; John B. Dumble, S. D.; Judson A. Beebe, J. D. ; and Israel Hite, tyler. Andrew K. Dunn was the second master, and James W. Stinchcomb, the third, and then Andrew K. Dunn served as master for eighteen successive years, followed by Ross Burns, John E. Smith (two years), Allen Levering, (two years), James G. Miles (three years), William C. Wilson, Charles W. Allison, Geo. Burgoyne, W. L. Case, Jas. W. Pugh, John F. Bowen, Salo Cohn, J. Charles Criswell Charles L. Russell, J. J. Kreisel, William F. Wieland, Walter C. Bennett, William Dean Matthews, John R. Carpenter, John Hickman, Dwight E. Smith and James P. Bennett. Other officers now in service : I. B. White, S. W. ; Homer J. Canady, J. W. ; A. Leon White, .treasurer; Harry S. Andrews, secretary; H. R. Talmage, S. D.; H. 0. Allison, J. D. ; Ralph E. Shaw, tyler ; Edward J. Wieland and Harry C. Little, stewards, and W. D. Matthews, E. B. Russell and D. E. Smith, trustees. The number of members is 124. David Smith Talmage was the first person made a mason in Morrow county, since then Mt. Gilead Lodge No. 206 has admitted 312 masons to membership. Gilead Chapter, No. 59, Royal Arch Masons, was instituted October 16, 1854, and these were its charter members : A. J. Smith, Judson A. Beebe, Wesley C. Clark, James W. Stinchcomb, Andrew K. Dunn, J. D. Vore, William H. McKee, Sylvester M. Hewitt, C. P. Shurr and David L. Swingley. The officers elected on the organization were : Wesley C. Clark, H. P. ; James W. Stinchcomb, king; and A. K. Dunn, scribe. The first meeting was held December 7, 1854, and Dr. Isaac H. Pennoch was the first person advanced to the honorary degree of a mark master. The present number of members is sixty-five, with the following officers : George L. Clark, H. P. ; William Dean Matthews, king ; Harry C. Little, scribe ; Homer J. Canady, C. of H. ; C. D. McBain, P. S. ; Hugh 0. Allison, R. A. C. ; D. E. Smith, 3rd V. ; Harold C. Johnson, 2nd V. ; I. B. White, 1st V. ; Horace W. Whitney, treasurer Henry R. Talmage, secretary; Ralph E. Shaw, guard. Burgoyne Chapter, No. 178, Order of the Eastern Star, was HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 285 instituted February 29, 1904, by Brother John Blythe, installing officers who, with Evelyn Chapter No. 146, 0. E. S. of Chesterville, Ohio, performed the installation ceremonies. The number of members installed as charter members was forty-eight. The first elected officers were : Mary B. Dalrymple, worthy matron (and reelected) ; William F. Wieland, worthy patron ; Nettie Wieland, assistant matron ; Sue C. Russell, treasurer ; Mayme E. Bennett-Beebe, secretary ; Anna C. Johnston, conductress, and Ella E. Whitney, assistant conductress. The number of members at the present time is one hundred and three. The past grand worthy matrons are Mary B. Dalrymple, Nettie Wieland, Anna C. Johnston, Lida M. Bowen, Laura Pierce, and Carrie C. Smith; past worthy patrons, William F. Wieland, Charles A. Ruhlen, E. J. Wieland, and Jas. W. Pugh. The present officers are : Emma B. Neal, W. M. ; Lawrence Henderson, W. P.; Mabel Griffith, A. M. ; Ella E. Whitney, treasurer; Elmora B. Conklin, secretary ; Florence Wieland, conductress; Vertie Russell, assistant eonductress ; Marion Smith, warden ; Gertrude Kline, chaplain ; Laura Pierce, pianist ; Edgar N. Neal, sentinel. From organization of the first lodge in 1851, until in 1863, the Masonic Orders occupied rented halls in Mt. Gilead, and then the hall in third story of the Granite block, which was their home until September 21, 1899. On that date the hall in Masonic Temple block was dedicated at which time C. L. Russell was worshipful master, and the same has since been occupied by the different branches of the order. In the fall of the year 1910, the hall was remodeled and improved and is now the best hall in the county. PATRIOTIC SOCIETIES. The Grand Army of the Republic holds in its organization the memory of all that is heroic in war; the inspiration to patriotism; and all that inspire men to stand between a foe and their homes. On August 19, 1881, was organized Hurd Post, No. 114 ; so named for a heroie young soldier from Mt. Gilead, Alfred H. Hurd, a first sergeant in Company C, Fifteenth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, who died June 14, 1864, from wounds received at the battle of Dallas, Georgia. The post was mustered by Colonel H. A. Brown, mustering officer, and the following were charter members: W. Smith Irwin, 121st Regt. Infy ; William W. 286 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY McCracken, 20th Regt. Infy; Daniel D. Booher, 4th Regt. Infy; Andrew J. Gordon, 31st Regt. Infy; William D. Matthews, 178th Regt. Infy; Simeon W. Preston, 136th Regt. Infy ; Isaiah Pinyerd, 96th Regt. Infy; Martin G. Modie, 121st Regt. Infy; Thomas Litzenburg, 96th Regt. Infy ; William H. Briggs, 96th Regt. Infy; John F. Bowen, 95th Regt. Infy ; Abner Ustick, 4th Regt. Infy; S. W. Trowbridge, 135th Regt. Infy; Isaac Eley, 96th Regt. Infy; John S. Derr, 26th, Regt. Infy; John W. Emerson, 26th Regt. Infy; Jas. T. Purcell, 93rd Regt. Infy ; John S. Talmage, 65th Regt. Infy; James Olds, 65th Regt. Infy; John B. Gatchell, 55th Regt. Infy; Fred A: Miller, 3rd 0. V. I. ; Junius B., Shaw, 65th Regt. Infy.; Charles S. Miller, 9th Cav. ; -William F. Wilson, 20th Regt. Infy. ; George Fry, 81st Regt. Infy.; William C. Wilson, 3rd 0. V. I.; Ross N. Mateer, 121st Regt. Infy. ; Lemuel H. Breese, 96th, Regt. Infy. ; Wm. S. Furbay, 3rd Cav. ; Isaac M. Dewitt, 96th Regt. Infy. ; B. B. McGowen, 174th Cav. Regt. Infy; Gilbert E. Miller, 65th Regt. Infy. ; Bradford Dawson, 136th Cav. Regt. Infy. ; James E. Duncan, 166th Regt. Infy. ; Samuel Andrew, 174th Regt. Infy. ; and George Burgoyne, 1st Infy. Battery. Every one of the above was an Ohio soldier, thirty-six in number. The officers of Hurd Post first elected were as follows: William D. Matthews, P. C. ; John F. Bowen, S. V. ; Gilbert E. Miller, J. V. ; Daniel D. Booher, Adgt. ; Wm. H. Briggs, Surg. ; Abner Ustick, chaplain ; Bradford Dawson, Q. M.; Martin G. Modie, 0. D. ; Fred A. Miller, 0. G.; B. B. McGowen, S. M.; James T. Purcell, Q. M. S. ; George Burgoyne, assistant inspector; James Olds, aide de camp. The following comrades were promoted to be post commanders, viz : Gilbert E. Miller, 1882 ; L. M. Cunard, 1883 ; W. D. Matthews, 1884 ; William C. Wilson, 1885; James E. McCracken, 1886; Thomas S. Rogers, 1887; Charles C. Wheeler, 1888; Abner Ustick, 1889 ; Junius B. Shaw, 1890; Milo L. Adams, 1891; Asa A. Gardner, 1892 ; James J. Runyan, 1893; B. B. Mc-Gowen, 1894 ; Daniel D. Booher, 1895 ; James M. Moody, 1896; Samuel Virtue, 1897 ; William H. Barrham, 1898; George B. Thompson, 1899 ; R. L. Heaton, 1900 ; Robert F. Bartlett, 1901; George Burgoyne, 1902 ; Daniel D. Booher, 1903 ; R. G. Laycox, 1904 ; Bernard M. Griffis, 1905; George H. Hales, 1906; Samuel Virtue, 1907; Lemuel H. Breese, 1908 ; Robert T. McKibbin, 1909; James M. Conger, 1910 ; and Claremont C. Smith, 1911. For about six years the post assembled at Odd Fellows and HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 287 other rented halls. In February, 1886, Lovel B. Harris, a farmer and old citizen of Mt. Gilead, (but then of Upper Sandusky, Ohio,) a friend of the ex-soldier and a liberal man, gave to the post the sum of five hundred dollars, and March 1, 1888, the Woman's Relief Corps was organized. The corps raised another five hundred dollars and soon thereafter G. A. R. Hall was purchased with these moneys, and said hall is therefore owned jointly by the Woman's Relief Corps and the post. There are seventy members in good standing in the post itself. The Woman's Relief Corps, No. 215, auxiliary to Hurd Post No. 114, was organized March 1, 1888, and was mustered by Mrs. Edith P. Sweeny, of Wooster, Ohio, mustering officer, with forty-nme charter members. The corps was incorporated March 27, 1891, by Elsie McCracken, Julia Bowen, Ida J. J. Beebe, Gertrude Mateer and Candace. Hales. The charter members were Celia McCracken, Candace Hales, Eveline Mateer, Elizabeth Preston, Jane Pinyerd, Mary Blair, Lyde Wheeler, Julia Bowen, Evaline Burt, Fanny I. Burt, Fanny Hales-Litzenburg, Grace Shaw-Laycox, Harriet Laycox, Mona Laycox, Mary Whinoy, Clara Laycox-Dambaugh, Lou Burgoyne, Mary McCracken, Elsie McCracken, Mattie Sipes, Vi Ealey, Edith Earley, Mary Cunard, Elizabeth Wilson, Laura E. Shaw, Anna Irwin-Olds, Lenora Shauck, Hittie Shauck, Edna Shauck, Elizabeth Hildebrand, Delia Miller, Lyde Garven, Minnie Hales-Caton, Sarah Penn, Angeline Fry, 'Gertrude Mateer-Miles, Margaret Mateer, Ola Shaw, Ida Johnson-Beebe, Anna Lewis, Mary Booher, Julia Garbison, Lizzie Ustick-Garven, Frederica Andrews, Maud Wheeler, Alice Annett, Mollie Hildebrand, Carrie Pugh and Elizabeth Parsons. The past presidents are Emeline Mateer, Lyde Wheeler, Elsie McCracken, Julia Bowen, Lydia Adams, Mary Booher, Lizzie U. Garven, Lou Burgoyne, Alice Case, Anna Heaton, Bird Truex, Laura E. Shaw, Harriet Livingston, Samantha Virtue, Elmora Conklin, Ella Griffis, Ida J. Beebe, Fanny Litzenburg, Rosa Mayer, Viola Ashley, Frederica Andrews and Margette C. Matthews, the last one of whom was re-elected and is now president. In all the years since its organization, March. 1, 1888, the Woman's Relief Corps of Hurd Post has been an effieient auxiliary in the truest sense of the word. Lemuel H. Breese Camp No. 64, Sons of Veterans, was instituted June 9, 1909, with twenty-seven charter members to-wit : W. Leroy Furlong, D. H. Shields, J. Carp. Bockoven, William Edwin Breese, Albert W. Breese, L. W. Breese, George B. Reed, Bruce 288 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Presborn, Charles A. Ruhlen, J. Robt. Shaw, Frank J. Ryan, Albert Whitney, H. J. Canady, H. R. Talmage, Walter S. Emerson, W. S. Jackson, William England, Hubert F. Ashley, J. W. Thompson, J. R. Carpenter, Ben Olds, C. W. Gordon, Roy L. Pierce, J. H. Kelly, Chester D. Ullom, J. A. Teeple and T. H. B. Teeple. The charter is signed by R. J. Williams, division commander. The first commander of the camp was John R. Carpenter, the second Frank J. Ryan, and the present incumbent, Albert W. Breese. The present membership is forty-eight. The heritage that comes to any camp of Sons of Veterans is one of the greatest of earthly inheritances. As I look over the list of sons of this camp, I perceive that some of them can say : "My father fought at Shiloh;" others that, "my father died at Gettysburg or Vicksburg, or Chickamauga ;" or that "he bore grievious wounds, and carried scars to his grave, received at some of those great battles." KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS IN MT. GILEAD. In historical order, Charles H. Hull Lodge, No. 195, Knights of Pythias, of Mt. Gilead, Ohio, was instituted May 24, 1885. It was named for the deceased young Pythian Knight, and older half-brother of William F. Bruce ; and his decease occurred in. March, 1876, while a member of Walla-Walla Lodge No. 1, Knights of Pythias, of the state of Washington, and he was the first Mt. Gilead lad to become a Pythian Knight. The lodge was instituted by W. B. Riches, past grand chancellor, and A. P. Butterfield, grand vice chancellor, with thirty-one members, to-wit : William F. Bruce, H. S. Griffith, Zenas B. Plumb, P. T. Miller, John M. Coe, George W. Fluckey, Levi Benedict, Ely Phillipps, L. M. Goodman, B. A. Barton, Charles W. Allison, A. D. Reid, Charles Rosenthal, Abner Allison, Fred Brown, Charles S. Miller, C. A. Miller, L. E. Rupe, John Lee Shaw, Lafe Livenspire, D. E. Doty, Ralph P. Miller, F. W. Wilson, A. C. Klotz, J. G. Wirt, William Murray, W. F. Duncan, M. W. Spear, William Thomas, J. C. Miracle and D. Bader. Members of the lodge who are past chancellors : William F. Bruce, John M. Coe, Charles Rosenthal, George W. Fluckey, Harry S. Griffith, A. B. Rosenthal, Willis A. Cooper, William Sames, I. J. Canis, W. O. Andrews, H. B. McMillin, William Brown, William L. Smith, Thomas F. Gordon, Budd Baker, Elmer E. Hardmg, Robert Brown, L. M. Lime, Arthur T. Mann, Henry Bixler, Robert F. Bartlett, John W. Barry, Charles A. Buhlen, James L. Mc- HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 289 Camman, Walter S. Emerson, Homer J. Canady, E. B. Russell, John R. Carpenter, Morris Kline, Fred W. Rowlinson, E. C. Ealey, Arthur C. Duncan, C. Jensen, Lewis T. Worley, J. Ralph Falton and Joseph S. Keeran. There are one hundred and forty-two members with officers as follows : Jerry Feight, C. C. ; E. E. Neal, Y. c.; C. E. Wagner, P. ; J. W. Megorail, M. at A. ; Ray McFarland, K. of R. S. ; I. J. Canis, M. of F. ; Arthur C. Duncan, M. of W. ; E. S. Masters, M. of E. For several years prior to September 19, 1905, the lodge had occupied the convenient and desirable rooms in the third story of the Cook Block, at the northwest corner of the North Public square, as their Castle Hall, and on that day brother Mark Cook, a member of the lodge, presented to the trustees of the lodge the entire third story of said block for their Castle Hall. It was a very generous gift, and is valued at four thousand dollars. On the evening of May 4, 1910, the lodge celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of its institution with appropriate ceremonies. William F. Bruce, president of the Board of Directors of the Ohio Pythian Home and one of the most prominent members of the order in the state, became a member of Ivanhoe Lodge No. 1, of Walla Walla, Washington, in 1879, and a past chancellor thereof January 1, 1881. In 1882 he assisted in reorganizing Dayton Lodge No. 3, of Dayton, Washington, and became a member thereof by card; represented said lodge at the institution of the grand lodge of Washington, February 22, 23, and 24, 1884. Returning to Mt. Gilead, with other members soon thereafter he started a charter list for a new lodge at Mt. Gilead, and Charles H. Hull lodge was instituted May 24, 1885. He became its first representative to Grand Lodge and served there continuously as representative or Grand Lodge officer until June, 1905, when he became grand chancellor, serving the statutory term of one year and retiring June, 1906, after one of the most successful administrations in the history of the order in Ohio. In November, 1906, he was appointed a member of the Board of Directors of the Ohio Pythian Home, to fill a vacancy. In June, 1907, he was elected for a full term of three years, and reelected in June, 1910. He is now serving his second term as president of said board. SKETCH OF PYTHIANISM. Pythianism is a purely American order, and after reading from the Greek legend the story of Damon and Pythias, and con- 290 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY sidering its disinterested benevolence, the noble self-sacrifice, and the pure example, which that story taught, Justus Henry Rathbone, while teaching school in 1857 at Eagle Harbor on Point Keweenaw, Michigan, revolved in his mind the lessons which that story taught, and formulated an order and ritual which were to bless society. The idea remained dormant in his mind for seven years, and he did not have an opportunity to put his plans into effect until he had removed to Washington D. C., when on February 19, 1864, he with six other charter members, Robert A. Champion, D. L. Burnett, W. H. Burnett, E. S. Kimball, Charles H. Roberts and a Mr. Diver, formed Washington Lodge No. 1, Knights of Pythias, which was the first lodge of the order in the world. The success and spread of Pythianism have been unprecedented. Soon by the evolution of the order and the demands of modern society, the necessity of a sisterhood was realized. At first an independent organization of women was formed, not under the jurisdiction of the order. In 1894 the name of Rathbone Sisters was given to the womanly order, and so great was its success that in ten years the order had more than one hundred thousand members. Then an attempt was made, and carried out, to affiliate the Rathbone Sisters more closely to the Order of Knights, and in 1906 the name was changed to Pythian Sisters, and now any Knight in good standing may become a member of the Pythian Sisters. Mt. Gilead Temple No. 296, Pythian Sisters, was instituted May 22, 1906, as Rathbone Sisters, and on October 20, 1906, by authority, the name was changed to Pythian Sisters, and a charter was issued to Virtie, most excellent chief of the, temple ; Mabel Andrews, grand chief and Ellen Given, grand mistress of records of the temple ; Blanche Brollier, excellent senior of the temple ; Ila Harding, mistress of records and correspondence ; Libbie Hayden, guard of the outer temple ; Anna Smith, excellent junior of the temple; Ella Griffis, mistress of finance ; and Ethel Ruhlen, past chief of the temple. The charter is signed by Lillian H. Andrus, grand chief and Ellen Given, grand mistress of records and correspondence. These sisters have served as most excellent chiefs : Virtie Russell, Blanche Brollier, Rose Frost, Abby Crane, Katherine Cooper, Libbie Hayden, Emma Neal, Sadie Duncan, Belle George, Eva Masters and Dora Wagner. The present officers are : Belle George, P. of T. ; Eva Masters, M. E. T. ; Blanche Lefever, E. S. of T. ; Ada Lefever, E. J. ; Ella Dagg, M. of T. ; Elizabeth Clark, M. of R. S. C. ; May Megnail, M. of F.; Florence HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 291 Spidell, P. of T.; and Sarah Myers, G. of O. T. The number of members is seventy-two, and the temple is in a flourishing condition. LITERARY CLUBS. In the year 1900 the ladies of Mt. Gilead commenced the formation of literary clubs for mutual intellectual and social improvement. The first club formed was the Sorosis, in 1900; its membership was limited to twenty-five, and its name was "The Mt. Gilead Sorosis." Its motto is "Forward till you reach the highest." The club colors are yellow and white, and the club flower is the white Carnation. The club was federated in 1904. Its meetings are now held on the first and third Tuesday afternoons of each month at the homes of the members. The club has adopted a "Sorosis Club song," written by one of its members, Mrs. Lena V. Houston, which is given below: We're a band of hopeful women, with a purpose grand and great, To emancipate each other from a humdrum life and fate. Oh, Sorosis, dear Sorosis, we are thy devoted friends, And we'll stand by thee forever—true and firm until the end. Refrain Oh! we 're twenty-five, yes, we 're twenty-five, With honorary members added to our list. Oh, Sorosis, dear Sorosis, we are thy devoted friends, And we'll stand by thee forever—true and firm until the end. In the lives of most all women, joys and sorrows alternate. So we aim to make the brightness of life's joy predominate; To the gems of cultured intellects we give our time and thought, And we'll not neglect our households, as no good woman ought. Refrain Now a century of progress opens wide its portals new, And we enter glad and happy, full of hope and trusting too, That our sisterhood may blessings bring to women far and near; Yes, we'll stand by thee forever, our own club, Sorosis dear. Refrain The club has adopted a constitution and, by-laws. Mrs. Roberta Vorhies Beebe is now president; Mrs. Margaret Bower McMillin, vice president; and Mrs. Fanny Berry Ball, secretary. 292 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY The names of the members are now given, followed by the list of deceased members. Active—Fanny Berry Ball, Roberta Vorhies Beebe, Mary Miller Byrd, Emma Sayer Coe, Cora Emerine Criswell, Alice New-son Case, Clara Goorley Fogle, Nellie Annetta Goorley, Nellie Gunsaulus Griffith, Margaret Sanford Holt, Lena Vermillion Houston, Margaret Boner McMillin, Kate Swetland McIntire, Lucinda Dunham Miller, Emma Bunker Neal, Anna Irwin Olds, Carrie Chase Pollock, Clara Bowman Payne, Minnie Hartman Ryan, Florence Hoit Robinson, Clara House Talmage, Izora Allison Talmage, Ora Ryder Wieland, Ella Henderson Whitney and Iras Irwin Wood. Honorary Members—Hester A. Andrews. Deceased—Mrs. Temperance -Blackburn Wood, Mrs. Clara Frankel Cohn Mrs. Martha Rishtine Mozier and Mrs. Annis Talmage Olds. The Woman's. Twentieth Century Club of Mt. Gilead was organized and federated in 1901. The motto is "Kindness and Helpfulness," and its colors are pink and white. Its weekly meetings are held on the first and third Saturday afternoons of each month at the homes of its members. Mrs. Sarah George Miller is president; Mrs. Martha Miller Bartlett, first vice president; Mrs. Lettie Detwiler Smiley, second vice president ; and Mrs. Elizabeth Beers James, secretary. The club adopted the Federation song, to-wit : (Air—America.) Daughters of Freedom lands Ready with heart and hand, Strong for the right! Now raise your voices high, In one clear song reply To life's appealing cry For love and light. Why stand we here today? Why but to make the way For Hope's glad feet, Bidding the world aspire To purer aims and higher, That home's own altar fire Burn bright and sweet. Daughter of Freedom's land, HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 293 PICTURES OF MORROW COUNTY CHAUTAUQUA, OLENTANGY RIVER NEAR MT. GILEAD Vol. I-19 294 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Holding Truth's torch ye stand, Crowned with God 's grace; That this great age may see How fair its destiny, And they who come may be A noble race. The members and honorary president are here given : Active—Ellen H. Allison, Ella Williams Barguet, Martha. Miller Bartlett, Belle Reed Bennett, Laura Craven Chipps, Tamar Noble Colmery, Elmora Bunker Conklin, Grace Babcock Cruikshank, Belle Knox Cook, Emma Noe Doty, Mary Concannon Eccles, Harriet Hoyle Green, Nellie McKeown Glauner, Martha Mosher Harlan, Margaret Gardner Howard, Anna Henderson Henderson, Mary Hanson Hoskins, Besse Inglebeck Jensen, Elizabeth Beers James, Jemima. Salisbury James, Anna. Linton Kelly, Lina Sperry Kelly, Viola Miller Kerr, Mary Ireland Kingman, Fannie Hales Litzenburg, Effie Scamman Loose, Loula Holverstott Lefever, Millie Milligan Livensperger, Mary Tuttle Mateer, Jennie Powell McCammon, Emma Ward McCormick, Sarah George Miller, Sarah Bruce Miller, Irene Rule Miller, Eva Holverstott Masters, Lillie Elliott Parrott, Laura Rhodebeck Pierce, Minnie Hartman Ryan, Margaret Powell Russell, Sue Mooney Russell, Mary Comins Sampson, Lena Howard Searles, Marion Brown Smith, Lettie Detwiler Smiley, Flora Webb Sames, Elizabeth Dalrymple Schaaf, Flora Westbrook Sterritt, Ola Anna Shaw, Samantha McVey Virtue, Nettie Hauck Wieland and Ada Stanclift Young. Honorary president—Mrs. William Miller. Honorary members—Mrs. J. R. Hopley, Mrs. Carrie D. Powell, Mrs. Nancy McCaskey and Miss Minnie Barton. Deceased members—Lucretia Axtell Talmage, Anna Dumble Brown, Minnie Byrd Swingle, Eliza Godman Van Horn and Mary Beeson Dalrymple. The Progress Club of Mt. Gilead was organized in 1901, and federated in 1905. The motto is "Kindness Helpfulness," and color, pink, flower, Carnation. The present officers are Miss Mabel Griffith, president ; Blanche Lefever, vice president ; Miss Agnes McAnall, secretary ; Elsie Stevenson, assistant secretary. Other members are : Fanny Herman Allwood, Mayme Bennett Beebe, Lida Bowen, Blanche Houck Breese, Goldie Osborn Doty, Ethel Elder, Besse Englebeck Jensen, Elba Kingman, Josephine Kelly, Blanche Lefever, Adda Lefever, Vina Lefever, Ina Laming, Mabel Lewis, Hannah Lloyd, Adah White Munk, Ethel McFarland, Clara HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 295 Miles, Edith Mozier, Mabel Smiley, Josephine Van Buskirk Scott, Mayme Comins Sampson, Elsie Purvis Stevenson-, Aura Bennett Smiley, Anna Talmage, Helen Talmage, Emma Wieland, Ora Wieland, Florence Wieland and Clara Young. Total thirty-two. Deceased members—Edith Ramey Barre. The Federation song has been adopted. Both vocal and instrumental music are prominent features of the exercises of each meeting of these clubs. Each club has a year book, in which subjects are assigned to members, and articles are written and read at the meetings. In the Sorosis, papers on the following subjects among others, are assigned to members, for the year commencing with October, 1910. For October, "Arts and Crafts of Indians," "Noted Indian Chiefs;" November, "Colonial Times," "Penn's Colony," "Expansion of the American People and Our Dutch Forefathers;" December, "Christmas at Valley Forge," "Children's Rights ;" January, 1911, "American Journalism," "The First Mail Routes," "American Humorists," "Influence of Music in America ;" February, "Manual Training in Our Schools," "Armies and Generals of the Revolution," and "Jacob Riis;" March, "The Problem of Our Delinquent Girls" and "Influence of Environment;" April, "Pioneers to the. West: (a) Daniel Boone, (b) David Crockett, (c) William Henry Harrison ;" "The Ride of Marcus Whitman," and "Irrigation ;" May, "Skeletons in our National Closets: (a) The Red Man, (b) The Black Man, (c) The Mormons," and "Educational Development in America." In the Twentieth Century Club the following subjects among others were assigned: For October, 1910, "Humors of Home Life," "The Tyranny of Fashion," and "International Marriages ;" November, "Boys," "Industrial and Child Labor," and "Norway as seen by the Tourist;" December, "The Club Woman's Husband," and "Home Science ;" January, 1911, "The World's Newest Interests," and "Rapid Transit;" February, "Work for Women's Clubs," and "Confessions of a Club Woman;" March, "Pioneers and Pathfinders," and "The Great American Desert;" April, "The Indians," and "Indian Art and Education," and "London and Historical Places;" May, "The Red Cross," and "Teaching Patriotism in the Public Schools." These are practical subjects, that pertain chiefly to our own country and civilization. In the Progress Club these subjects have been, among others, assigned for 1910-11: October, "Romulus and his Times," and "Legend of Aenas;" November, "Roman Character," and "The 296 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY Italian People and their Progress ;" December, "Virgil and Horace ;" January, 1911, "Modern Italian Writers,– "Italian Arts," "Morning Star," and "Dante and his Friends ;" February, " The Madonnas in Italian Art," " The Florentine SculptorsGhiberti and Donatello," and "Famous Art Galleries ;" March, "Art Treasures of the Vatican," and "Stories from Italian Operas ;" April, "Great Names in Ancient Greece," and "Homer, His Contemporaries and Times ;" May, "Phidias and his Successors," "Women in Ancient Greece," and "Modern Greek Maids and Matrons." These subjects are distinctively classical. The three literary clubs, in ten years, have made material advancement in the, knowledge of literature, science and arts, and in, biography, biology, geography, geology and law ; but very little in theology. Their studies have been pleasant and instructive and have tended to elevate society to a higher plane. MT. GILEAD FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY. Early in 1908 the question of a public library was agitated in the three clubs, and on January 27, 1908, a meeting of the members was held at the home of Mrs. Martha Miller Bartlett and husband, to consider the subject. Then, and at a subsequent meeting or two, a plan was adopted, whereby each of the clubs was to have, and bear, an equal share in the promotion of, and sustaining a public library. The name, "Mt. Gilead Free Public Library Association" was adopted. Mrs. Anna Irwin Olds was elected president, and presided at two or three preliminary meetings; but, on account of sickness in her family, resigned, and Mrs. Margaret Bower McMillin was elected president, and is now in office. Mrs. Emma Ward McCormick was elected vice president and remains as such. Mrs. Jane Jago McKinnon, was elected secretary, acted for a brief period and resigned; Mrs. Edith Talmage Dennison became secretary, and continued for some time; Mrs. Alice Wilson Matthews and Mrs. Martha Miller Bartlett were each secretary for a brief period and Mrs. Fanny Berry Ball is the present incumbent. Mrs. Elizabeth D. Schaaf was on the organization, elected treasurer and still holds that office. On June 27, 1908, Mt. Gilead Free Public Library Association was incorporated under the laws of Ohio, and the following were the incorporators : From Sorosis—Margaret Bower McMillin, Lucinda Dunham Miller and Fanny Berry Ball. Twentieth Century—Emma Ward McCormick, Martha Miller Bartlett and Eliza- HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 297 beth Dalrymple Schaaf. Progress—Edith Talmage Dennison, Alice Wilson Matthews and Mayme Bennett Beebe. A civic committee of one from each club—Mrs. Ella Henderson Whitney, Mrs. Sue Mooney Russell and Mrs. Mayme Bennett Beebe was appointed, and acted together for about one year. Subsequently, only the Twentieth Century appointed a civic committee, consisting of Mrs. Sue Mooney Russell and Mrs. Lina Sperry Kelly. The first committee caused flowers to be planted in the public parks, and the civic of the Twentieth Century Club caused three iron receptacles to be provided for waste papers and other rubbish, and trees to be planted along the street in front of the court house, and suggested other improvements. Nine trustees, three from each club, were elected: One in each club for one year; one for two years and one in each club for three years ; and all have been re-elected on the expiration of their terms. The library now contains one thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight volumes. Several citizens, and deceased native sons by their widows, contributed many volumes. One citizen of the village gave one hundred and forty-three volumes. Mrs. Cassie Bartow Criswell, widow of Hon. John Criswell, late of Marion, Ohio, deceased, gave one hundred and seventy-five volumes and a book case. Mrs. Cooper of Detroit, Michigan, widow of Col. John S. Cooper, late of Chicago, deceased, gave one hundred and ninety-two volumes. Rev. John R. Carpenter, fifty-four volumes; Mrs. Mary B. Dalrymple, forty-three volumes; Mrs. Sue Mooney Russell, twenty-two volumes; Mary Concannon Eccles, seventeen volumes ; Emma Ward McCormick, fifteen volumes ; and other parties in smaller lots, donated seventy-five volumes. The remainder of the library was purchased. The building is open on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons, from 2 o'clock until 5 o'clock, and in the evening from 7 until 9 o'clock. Miss Emma Wieland was librarian for over two years, and Mrs. Aura Bennett Smiley, Miss Frances Doty and Mrs. Mayme Bennett Beebe have each been assistant librarians for a brief period. Miss Mabel Lewis has been librarian since Miss Wieland resigned. TEMPERANCE MOVEMENTS. The Mt. Gilead Woman's Christian Temperance Union was organized at the home of Mr. G. L. Wood, May 28, 1892. It had thirteen members. Miss Vide Talmage was president ; and Mrs. J. H. Holt, secretary. In 1911, the membership numbers ninety- 298 - HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY PICTURE OF MAIN STREET, CARDINGTON, IN 1874, DURING THE "CRUSADE" HISTORY OF MORROW COUNTY - 299 seven, with Mrs. A. G. Gardner president, and Mrs. W. C., McFarland secretary. The aim of the W. C. T. U, is to educate' the young; to form a better public sentiment ; to reform the drinking classes ; to transform by the power of Divine Grace those enslaved by alcohol; and to secure the entire abolition of the liquor traffic. Its lines of work are preventive, educational, evangelistic, social and legal. On Monday the 28th day of September, 1908, the citizens of Morrow county voted under the Boss law for or against the exclusion of saloons, and places where intoxicating drinks were sold. The vote in the county was 3,187 for excluding the saloons, and 1,006 for retaining them, the majority against the saloons being 2,181. Every one of the 26 precincts in the county voted "Dry." In proportion to the number of votes cast, this is the largest "Dry" vote and majority in the state of Ohio. At an earlier day, on June 2nd, of the year 1903, a vote was taken in Mt. Gilead to expel the saloons and the "Wets" won by a majority of seventeen in the village.