HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO - 143

CHAPTER XI.

(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE)

PUTNAM.

THE TOWN OF SPRINGFIELD - PUTNAM HILL PARK-THE FIRST STORE-THE FIRST PHYSICIAN-THE FIRST CHILD BORN-THE POSTOFFICE-THE M. E. CHURCH- BLACKSMITHS DEATH'S DOINGS -TANNERIES - TAVERNS - BANK-THE NAME OF SPRINGFIELD CHANGED TO PUTNAM-PUTNAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY- WOOLEN MILLS-POTTERIES--OIL MILL --SOCIETIES -- FOUNDRY - THE VILLAGE OF PUTNAM INCORPORATED - GLASS WORKS - BUCKET FACTORY-PUTNAM BUILDING, LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION - THE PUTNAM CLASSICAL INSTITUTE-APPLICATION OF ZANESVILLE CITY COUNCIL TO THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS FOR THE ANNEXATION OF PUTNAM TO ZANESVILLE-THE ANNEXATION OF PUTNAM TO ZANESVILLE-"CLIFFWOOD"--THE MERCHANTS, MECHANICS AND PROFESSIONAL MEN OF SPRINGFIELD - PERSONAL REMINISCENSES - EARLY SETTLERS 1N NATCHEZ-NATCHEZ.

The town of Springfield was laid out before the township in which it is situated was organized. For beauty of situation it is not surpassed by any other on the Muskingum river. Nature has evidently been gracious in her adaptation for pleasant homes, and the wants of commerce are easily met, both by rail and water. The curvature of the river, westward and then northward, as it traverses the northern boundary of the town, renders the current on the east, where the stream courses south, very nearly a slack water, greatly facilitating boating for freight and passenger purposes.

The highland that originally formed the western boundary of the village, and subsequently made a part of the town, known as " Putnam Hill," lends an increased charm to the view ; its graceful slopes, dotted 0'er with forest trees, at once beautiful and comforting in their cooling shade, suggest thoughts of paradise.

Dr. Increase Mathews and Levi Whipple laid out the town in 1802, and by their personal influence began at once to draw hither whateyer of industry, art, culture and music were necessary to constitute a prosperous community. The sequel shows the wisdom of their course, and they had the gratification of living to see their expectations verified.

The name was suggested by the well known spring that gushes out of the highland, since known as " Putnam Hill." This headland has long been known as commanding the finest view 0f " the Blue Muskingum" of any point in this

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region, on which account it became the resort for " whoso loveth the beautiful :"

"To him, who, in the light of Nature, holds

Communion with her visible forms, she speaks

A various language; for his gayer hours

She has a voice of gladness, and a smile,

And eloquence of beauty ; and she glides

Into his darker musings with a mild

And gentle sympathy, that steals away

Their sharpness, ere he is aware."

As might be expected, this charming spot allured those who were inclined to love each other, by the mystic power of " sparkling water," and fairy moonlight," and so the spring was christened, as it were, " Lover's Fountain," and those who loved in former days hold pleasant memories thereof. Which, moreover, are to be perpetuated, and the scenes of "auld lang syne" made possible in the enjoyment of " Putnam Hill Park."

July 27, 1801, Rufus Putnam, Levi Whipple and Dr. Increase Mathews, assigned, appropriated and made over to the town of Springfield, (now the Ninth ward of Zanesville) " for the purpose of erecting such public buildings thereon as may be wanted for the use of the town, or any religious society established in it, or for the county or State, the eleven and one-half acres, now known as Putnam Hill Park ; which tract, or so much of it as shall not be occupied by public buildings of the description aforesaid, shall remain a perpetual commonage:" [See Book " A," page 8, Muskingum County Records].

The park has recently been substantially and neatly fenced,and ornamented with young trees, And with the addition of suitable seats, flower beds and fountains, will become, if possible, a still more popular resort. 'Tis a beautiful site.

THE FIRST STORE in the village was opened on the site now known as No. 99, Muskingum avenue, by Dr. Increase Mathews, in 1803.. He kept a general stock of merchandise, including drugs and medicines. This store was originally started on the northwest corner of Main and Third streets, by Dr. Mathews and his brother

John, in 1801.

THE FIRST PHYSICIAIN.—Dr. Increase Mathews, who, as we have seen, was one of the original proprietors of Springfield, was the first physician. And, as such, his duties were often very arduous, he having to go many miles to visit patients. It was reasonable, therefore, for him to invite another to share the burden ; accordingly, when Dr. Jesse Chandler came, in 1804, he soon acquired a very extensive practice, which he continued to enjoy up to the time of his death, which occurred suddenly in the winter of 184-15. At this time, eleven other 'prominent citizens are said to have died, all suddenly, and near the' same time, of what was called " the cold plague." Terror spread over the community on account of the great mortality, and the probable spread of the disease.

Other physicians followed, locating in Springfield or vicinity, and, as nearly as can now be ascertained, in the following order. They were: Drs. Smith, Reed, Conant, Robert Safford, Dillon, Brown, E. A. Farquhar, J. B. Erwin, J. R, Larzelere and 0. C. Farquhar. Others have been accounted for in the "Medical Record," of Zanesville.

THE FIRST CHILD BORN in Springfield township is supposed to have been Warner Whipple, in 1803.

THE POSTOFFICE.—Prior to 1803, the inhabitants of the village of Springfield, and the region south and west, obtained their mail matter at the office in Zanestown. The Post-Master General, however, was induced to grant an increase in mail facilities, and established a postoffice in the village of Springfield, in the early part of this year, and appointed Dr. Increase Matthews as Post-Master. This, doubtless, was a compliment and satisfaction, and aided their reputation, insomuch that it is said the population was increased soon after by other than natural causes.

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.—The first circuit that included this place embraced Franklin, Mansfield, Lancaster, the Hog-Run settlement (in Licking county) and the Walmsly neighborhood, in Coshocton county, and was organized in 1803, by Rev. Asa Shinn. It belonged to the Pittsburgh District of the Baltimore Conference, and was denominated "the Hockhocking circuit."

The society was organized in Springfield, in 1806, by Rev. John Meeks. The first members were : John Goshen and family, Samuel Chapman and family, William H. Moore and family, Jesse Smith, J. Mervin, Merriam Putnam, Winthrop Robinson and Benjamin Robinson. They constituted the first class, of which John Goshen and M. Putnam were the leaders.

Soon after the society was organized, a frame church was built on the lot donated by Levi Whipple, for church purposes, and on which the society built a brick church in 1830, which was taken down about 1868, to make room for the present commodious church, on the east side of Moxahala avenue. This church is further described in the chapter on churches, as the Moxahala Avenue M. E. Church.

BLACKSMITHS.—This class of industry had hitherto been conducted in Zanestown. About the year 1803, Peter Miser came to the village of Springfield and opened shop, and between that date and 1805 he was followed by Philip Munch and John Balthis. Where these two sons of Vulcan had their shops, cannot now be determined.

DEATH'S DOINGS.—The first death in Springfield was the wife of Dr. Increase Mathews. The second was Grace Crooks, daughter of Andrew Crooks. They occurred in 1804.

FIRST ORCHARDS. John Matthews, Abraham Leaven and Levi Whipple planted orchards about the same time, 1804, and John Springer and Adam France, in 1806.

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TANNERIES.—The first tannery in Springfield was erected by I. Newell, in the year 1805. Subsequent tanners were : Horace Nye, Levi Chapman, Tanner, Peleg Mason, Jacob Reese, William Reese and A. M. Ewing.

TANNERY BY HORACE NYE.—A letter from his father, Ichabod Nye, dated "Marietta, 5th October, 1821," informs him as follows : "And have agreed with Amercy Keys, a young man,, who came from the State of Maine this summer, for three months, to currey and work in the tanyard, as you may want, for the sum of fourteen dollars per month, boarding and washing.

"I do not expect that he will turn off the work so fast as some currers that practice that buisness altogether, but I have examined him relative to the mode & manner of his practice in that business, & like his ideas very well. I think he will do the work better for countrey use than the Southern or Philadel'a currers. They, maney of them, shave their Leather too thin, more especially the shoulder & the back parts.

"He will undoubtedly show you all that he can in the business, & I have given him my ideas & mode of work generally, which he will be better able to tell you than I could communicate by writing, in making blacking. I have given him my mode, which I think he will be able to do, & which is quite essential in the business. Blacking that will rub off of leather is a great damage to the credit of it. The composition is Lampblack & Oil, with a little soap (say aboute 2 poin) to two Gallons of the Blacking (when all the materials are added togeather) Stirred well togeather to this the strong decoxtion of Sewmach (if you have it), mixed with the coperas, Yellow Oake Bark or Logwood, this stured all togeather, and the latter putt in last, to the Oil. & Lampblack. This Liquid blacking will be proportuned as you find it best sutes when you spread it on the leather, probebley about as much as of the Oil part.

"In setting the edges on your knives it will be best to rub them with a short bevel & turne the edges well over, or turned in rather more than what Carrell used to work them, especially when you first begin to practice and in whitening they must be more so, than in shaving weat leather, and then turne the wire edge a little out, in this way you will shave smoother & safer from jumping or bounding of the knife, &c., &c.

"In haste, I remain your father,

" ICHABOD NYE."

Horace Nye had his tannery on the side hill, just west of the Round House, i.e., about the southwest end of Adams street, and obtained water from a spring at that place, which afforded an ample supply for his vats, some twelve or fifteen in number.

Chapman's tannery, in "Chap's Run :" Levi Chapman had a tannery about where the bridge abutments were built, and near this he had his "bark house," in about 1820.

THE FIRST TAVERN 1N . THE VILLAGE OF SPRINGFIELD.—"Burnham Hotel," or tavern,

was the first public house in the town of Springfield. The building was of three stories, one of stone and two of brick, which accounts for the discrepancy in the accounts of it, some calling it "a two-story brick," and others "a three-story building." It was built in 1806, by John Leavens and Benjamin S. Gilmore, and was sometimes called "Leavens' Tavern," although he never occupied it. It stood on the southwest corner of Muskingum and Putnam avenues, as now designated. This was the first "brick tavern" in this section of country, and was called "the best hotel west of the Alleghany Mountains ;" and it is said that great effort was made to make it such. Mr. Burnham kept this house until 1811, when he removed to Gen. Van Home's tavern, on the southwest corner of Second and Main streetg, in Zanestown.

THE FIRST BANK.—Muskingum Bank was chartered in 1813, and located on the southwest corner of Muskingum and Putnam avenues. Gen. Isaac Van. Horne was the first President, and D. J. Marple the first Cashier.

The shares were five dollars each.

After a few years, some discouraging circumstances created a want of confidence in the enterprise, and the Bank suspended. In 1829, or 1830, the Bank reorganized and elected Ebenezer Buckingham President, and Solomon Sturgess Cashier, and continued to do business until 1846, when it wound up its business. The last officers were Alvah Buckingham, President, and B. H. Buckingham, Cashier.

SPRINGFIELD CHANGED TO PUTNAM. " An act to change the name of Springfield, in the County of Muskingum. Whereas, It is represented to this General Assembly that inconveniences do arise to the inhabitants of Springfield, in the County of Muskingum, in consequence of there being two towns of the same name within the State, by which letters and packages are occasioned frequently to be miscarried ; now, therefore, Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, that the name of the town of Springfield, in the County of Muskingum, be and the same is hereby changed, and thus the said town shall henceforth be known and distinguished by the name of the town of Putnam ; provided that this change shall in no case be so construed as to affect the right and title of property granted in or to said town of Springfield."

This act was passed January 20th, 1814.

It is proper to add in this connection that Gen. Rufus Putnam had, by his generous activity in all things relating to the welfare of the community, greatly endeared himself to the people, so that his name was given to the settlement as a well earned compliment, and the prominent citizens purposely met at General Putnam's residence, to show him this appreciation.

An account of this meeting was published in the "Muskingum Register," October 27th, 1813.

PUTNAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY.—This company was organized November 23, 1815, for the manufacture of cotton. It was chartered, and had a capital stock of $5,000, with authority

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to increase, by assessment on the stockholders, to the amount of $ 100,000. The shares were held at $500 each.

The Trustees were : Ebenezer Buckingham, Jr., Stephen C. Smith, and Levi Whipple.

The stockholders were Ebenezer Buckingham, who held three shares ; Stephen C. Smith, one share ; Moses Smith (by his attorney, Stephen C. Smith), one share ; Whipple & Putnam, two shares ; Levi Whipple, two shares ; Edwin Putnam, two shares ; N. C. Findley, one share ; H. Nye, and Amos Nye, one share ; Jeremiah Dare, one share.

This company located their factory between the Whipple Mill and the west end of the lower bridge, and agreed to give Messrs. Whipple & Putnam the profits on two shares of stock for the water privilege. After this cotton factory had been in operation a few years, it was sold to Joseph R. Thomas, who changed the machinery for such as was adapted to the manufacture of wool, carding, spinning, weaving and fulling. This factory was burned down when the bridge was destroyed by fire, in 1845. Mr. Thomas built the woolen factory that is now standing on the bank of the river, below the present woolen mill in 1848, and in 1870 sold it and the building, formerly known as the Whipple mill, to the Zanesville Woolen Manufacturing Company, which is chartered, and has a capital stock of $50,000.

WOOLEN MILLS.—In 1815, Whipple and Putnam inaugurated a woolen mill, also called "Clothing Works." Samuel H. Raymonton was clothier, or superintendent, which position he held two years. The mill was then leased to George E. Clapp, (October 2, 1817,) who speaks of it as a "Cloth Dressing and Dyeing Works." October 18, 1818, Mr. Clapp announces in the Zanesville "Express" that he is still operating the mills of Whipple & Putnam, at the east end of Putnam bridge. The mill was afterwards sold to J. R. Thomas, and not long after was closed.

POTTERIES—The first pottery was inaugurated by Solomon Purdy, west of Putnam avenue, between Jefferson and Madison streets, in 1820. Red and yellow ware, bowls, plates and dishes were made there.

Thomas Wilbur started a pottery about four miles west of Zanesville, on the Cooper Mill road, in 1824, and manufactured stone ware. The establishment had a capacity of 80,000 gallons per annum.

RICH'S POTTERY—Prosper Rich started a pottery about three miles west of Zanesville, in 1827, (on the Cooper Mill road) and manufactured stoneware. This establishment had a capacity of 80,000 gallons per annum.

There are other potteries, of which the date of starting, however, cannot be given, viz. :

The Mout's pottery, two and a half miles from the city, on the Cooper Mill road.

That of Mr. J. Boddeen, on Flint Ridge road, one mile from the city.

Samuel Havens, at "Hubbtown," four miles from the city, on the Flint Ridge road.

Joseph Bell, formerly of the William Brown shop, five miles from the city, on the Flint Ridge road. They have an average capacity of 80,000 gallons per annum. The price per gallon is generally four and a half cents.

At the time of the annexation of Putnam to Zanesville, Putnam had five potteries, viz. : H. M. Wilbur, two ; J. C. Wilbur, one ; J. B. Williams, one, and John Scott, one. They had an average capacity of 80,000 gallons per annum each, and the estimated value of the ware was four and a half cents per gallon.

OIL MILL.—In the year 1828, John Goshen erected an oil mill on the lot adjoining the Moxahala avenue Church, on the north. It is presumed this was a linseed oil mill, as castor beans had not been grown in any section convenient to that mill at that time. Samuel Atkinson was the superintendent. In 1838, the mill was sold to Messrs. Russell & Cutler, who changed it into a flouring mill.

SOCIETIES.

TEMPERANCE SOCIETY.—The first was 0rganized at a public meeting, for that purpose, November 15, 1830, at which Edward Putnam was Chairman, and W. H. Moore, Secretary.

The officers were : John Goshen, President ; Edward Putnam, Vice President ; A. A. Guthrie, Secretary ; S. Chapman, Treasurer. W. H. Moore, Horace Nye, Thomas Wilbur, William Hadley, and A. Joselyn, Directors.

The prominent members were earnest, devoted Christian men, and exercised a great influence in the community. It was well organized, and its officers were noted for the prompt performance of their duties. In December, 1850, it numbered 83 members. The last officers were elected November 15, 1852, and were : H. Safford, President ; S. Seamans, Vice President ; Lawson Wiles, Secretary ; S. Mervin, Treasurer ; and the following Board of Directors : Valentine Best, L. B. Ball, J. B, Erwin, R. N. Dunlap, and J. R. Thomas.

Many of tbe members of this Society were also members of the Sons of Temperance, and did not think it worth while fo keep up both organizations. The latter was organized April 28, 1848. They applied for, and obtained, a charter under a general act of the Legislature.

F. R. Potts, Lawson Wiles, and J. B. Erwin, were elected Trustees, and Z. M. Chandler, Clerk.

EMANCIPATION SOCIETY.--On Monday evening, June 24th, 1833, Levi Whipple, A. G. Allen, Thomas Gurney, M. B. Cushing and H. C. Howells, met at the residence of the latter, (which is still standing on the northeast corner of Van Buren street and Woodlawn avenue,) to discuss the subject of slavery and oppression, with a view to attempt the organization of a society "on the broad principle of total emancipation, as soon as possible." After the discussion, it was agreed that each individual present

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should invite his friends to another meeting, which was appointed to be held on the following Saturday evening, at the office of Mr. Whipple, which stood on what is now Muskingum avenue, and between the present residences of Mr. A. C. Ross and Mr. William R. Hazlett. This was with a view to the formation of a Society "for the promotion of Freedom and Universal Rights," and a committee consisting of Messrs. Whipple, Howells and Allen, was appointed to draft a constitution to be submitted for adoption to those who should assemble.

At the meeting, there were present : Levi Whipple, Chairman ; John Goshen, Thomas Gurney, Horace Nye, H. C. Howells, M. B. Cushing, John Quigley, Charles Matthews, William Joiner and A. G. Allen, who acted as Secretary. The committee previously appointed, presented a constitution which was adopted, and signed by all save Mr. Goshen and Mr. Matthews.

The first public meeting was held July 4th, 1833, in the Zanesville Presbyterian Church, when, after discussion, the constitution was amended, and the name of the organization changed to the "Muskingum County Emancipation Society to promote the Abolition of Slavery and of Oppressive Laws.". This constitution, though not numerously signed in the city, received the signatures of two hundred and twenty persons in various parts of the county, within a short time.

October 26th, 1833, the monthly concert of prayer for the abolition of slavery was established, and held at first in the Stone Academy, and for many years thereafter in the basement of the Presbyterian Church, in Putnam, on the last Monday evening of every month.

A Bible class for colored adults was formed, and subsequently a colored Sabbath School, the classes in which afterward entered the Sabbath School, and remained till, gradually, the colored people organized schools of their own.

In the winter of 1834, petitions were signed here, and forwarded to the Legislature of the State, praying for the amelioration of the condition of its colored population ; particularly, that they might be permitted to give testimony in the courts, and allowed to participate in the benefits of the school fund—and to Congress, asking for the immediate abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and of the slave trade between the United States.

Previously, however, the friends of colonization had formed a society, and though the line of separation between them and the friends of immediate emancipation soon began to widen, and opposition arose, yet they all united, in the winter of 1835, in numerously signed petitions, both to the Legislature of the State and to Congress, renewing the requests made by friends of emancipation the winter previous.

About this time, Jacob Stout, a member of the society, was fined fifty dollars for employing a colored man, one Mark Turner, and taking exceptions to this decision, the society employed

Messrs. Goddard and Conyers in his defense.

A State convention was appointed to be held here, April 22d, 1835, and during the March previous, Mr. Theodore D. Weld, afterwards distinguished as an abolition speaker, came, by invitation, to lecture. His meetings created great opposition and excitement, and under date of

April 11, 1835, the records of the society show that a committee was appointed to confer with Richard Stillwell, Esq., (afterwards Judge Stillwell), then Prosecuting Attorney of this county, in relation to the disturbance of these meetings, with a view to secure means for their prevention. During the convention, bands of riotous persons, encouraged by more respectable but more guilty men, crossed the river, disturbed its sessions, defaced the Academy where they were held, insulted ladies who had been in attendance, and succeeded in breaking up the convention. They threatened to burn the dwellings of Major Nye, Mr. Howells and Mr. A. A. Guthire, which for some time had to be guarded by their friends, there being here no municipal government.

The feeling of hostility against the friends of emancipation had A length, in some degree, subsided, when the State Anti-Slavery Society again assembled here in convention, the last of May, 1839. The announcement of the contemplated meeting, however, kindled anew the slumbering fires of passion, and there were issued various inflammatory documents, and among them a hand-bill captioned the "Resurrection of Abolitionists in Putnam." It was filled with the bitterest invectives, and was calculated to excite the worst passions of the human heart. It had its legitimate and intended effect. Evil minded persons began to prowl around the village during the stillness of the convention, and on the night of its adjournment fired the barn of Adam France, because he had stabled the horses of delegates, and the succeeding night burned the barn of Mr. Whipple for the same reason. One of the rioters, Mike Casey, was arrested and convicted ; but, while being taken to jail, was rescued on the lower bridge by an armed band of his associates, and taken in triumph to Zanesville. The appearance of this party and their report of proceedings, caused the crowd already gathered, to rush down Third street and through the bridge, threatening to burn the village. At the western end of the bridge, however, they encountered the Mayor of Putnam, Mr. Z. M. Chandler, with an armed police, and were warned that if they attempted to advance further it would be at their peril. After parleying a while, they slowly retreated, with bitter curses on the abolition town. This assault led, at the instance of Mr. R. N. Dunlap, to the organization of the "Putnam Greys," a military company which, under the drill of Capt. Jesse P. Hatch, a graduate of Capt. Partridge's Military School at Norwich, Vermont, became one of the finest military companies in the State, and was for years an institution of this place.

To the credit of those living in Putnam, who differed from the emancipationist on the slavery

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question, it should be said that they were a unit with them in defending the village. Nor should they be regarded as pro-slavery men. But they differed widely from those who advocated immediate emancipation as the best and safest way of removing the overgrown, threatening and abominable system of American servitude.

FOUNDRY.—In 1835, Lawson Henry and Jacob Anderson built a foundry, on Moxahala avenue, just north of the Oil Mill. They manufactured all kinds of hollow-ware. In 1845, butt-hinges were manufactured in this building, also ; including plows. The foundry is still in operation, and is now owned by Pierce Ratliff.

The Village of Putnam was incorporated in 1835, and the first meeting of the Council was held July 4th of that year. The following were their first officers :

William H. Moore, Mayor.

William C. Ely, Recorder.

John Goshen, Samuel Ashmore, John Balthis, Edwin Putnam, and Joseph R. Thomas, Trustees.

Julius C. Gutbrie, Street Commissioner.

David Munch, Treasurer.

Benjamin Graham, Marshall and Collector.

The officers elected in 1871, the last preceding the annexation to the city of Zanesville, were : Dr. J. Erwin, Mayor.

W. E. Guthrie, Recorder.

Dr. 0. C. Farquhar, Isaac Stiers, A. J. Josselyn, Pierce Ratliff, and T. W. Carter, Trustees.

GLASS WORKS.—This establishment was built in 1845, on the southeast corner of Muskingum avenue and Harrison street. It is operated by Carter, Burns & Kearns. They manufacture fruit-jars, principally.

"BUCKET FACTORY."—This establishment was built, between the river and the foundry, in 1845, by John Buckingham, William Buckingham, and George N. Guthrie. This establishment was built for a saw and planing mill, but, for some unaccountable reason, was called "Bucket Factory." It is owned and operated by George N. Guthrie.

PUTNAM BUILDING, LOAN, AND SAVINGS ASSOIATION.—This association was incorporated March 2d, 1869. The incorporators were : Henry Jones, Perry Miles, C. D. Caldwell, J. Randall, J. Buckingham, and J. B. Williams. Henry Jones was elected President and W. E. Guthrie Secretary.

The capital stated was $200,000. The shares were $100 each.

THE PUTNAM CLASSICAL INSTITUTE.—This institution, now known as " Putnam Female male Seminary," is located in that part of the city of Zanesville formerly known as "the village of' Putnam." The institution owes its inception to Miss Sarah Sturges Buckingham, afterwards wife of Rev. George Beecher. Returning from school in Hartford, she felt the great need of better educational advantages for the young ladies of her native place and its vicinity, and through

her labors and liberality a girls' school was inaugurated, in 1835, in the building known as the Stone Academy," and now the residence of Mrs. Robins. A Miss Mather, governess in Mrs. Buckingham's family, was placed in charge of the school, the interest in which grew, until a plan was matured for the seminary, which was incorporated by the following act :

"An act to incorporate the Trustees of the Putnam Classical Institute—

"WHEREAS, certain individuals in the town of Putnam, in the county of Muskingum, for the purpose of advancing the cause of education, have associated themselves together, and organized a Board of Trustees ; and whereas, an act of incorporation would greatly facilitate the object they have in view ; therefore, Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio :

"SECTION 1st. That William H. Beecher, Levi Whipple, Alvah Buckingham, Julius C. Guthrie, Solomon Sturges, and Albert A. Guthrie, and their successors, be, and they are hereby declared to be, a body corporate and politic, with perpetual succession, to be known and distinguished by the name and style of the "Trustees of the Putnam Classical Institute."

“SEC. 2d. That the said Trustees, by their corporate name aforesaid, shall be competent to sue and be sued, plead, and be impleaded, defend and be defended, in all courts of law or equity ; may have a common seal, and alter the same at any time ; and may fill all vacancies in their own body which may occur by death or otherwise, and may add to their number at discretion.

"SEC. .3d. That the said Trustees (a majority of whom shall constitute a Board) shall have power to appoint a President, Secretary and Treasurer, and such other officers and agents as they may deem necessary, and the said other officers may or may not be of their own number ; and the said Trustees may ordain and establish such laws, rules, and regulations for the government of said corporation as they may deem proper ; provided, that the same be not inconsistent with the Constitution of the laws of the United States and of this State.

"SEC. 4th. That the Trustees, in their corporate capacity, and their successors in office, shall be capable of—in law—receiving and acquiring, either by purchase, devise, gift, bequest, or otherwise, property, real, personal, 0r mixed ; to be used, improved, expended, or conveyed, for the benefit of said Institute, provided, that such property shall be held and used only for literary purposes ; provided further, that any future Legislature shall have power to alter, amend; or repeal this act, provided such alteration, repeal, or amendment, shall not affect the title to any estate, real or personal, acquired or conveyed under its provisions, or diverted to any other use than originally intended.

"WILLIAM MEDILL,

"Speaker pro tem. House of Representatives.

"ELIJAH VANCE,

"Speaker of Senate."

Feb. 29th, 1836.

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Under the new dispensation, Miss L. A. Emerson, of Newburyport, Massachusetts, was employed as Principal, in October, 1835, with Miss Mather and Miss Sarah S. Buckingham as assistants, Miss Daniels, as teacher of Music, and old Mr. Hobbie for occasional lessons in French. The school was opened in the "Stone Academy," with fifteen scholars. The following year it was removed to the basement of the Presbyterian Church, which had just been completed, and measures were taken to provide for an institute building. Mrs. Eunice Buckingham, contributed ten thousand dollars for this purpose, and to this generous gift, Mr. Solomon Sturges and Alva Buckingham added five thousand dollars each, and a piece of ground, "being a part of lot No. 27, in the town of Putnam, which is butted and bounded as follows, to-wit : Beginning at the northeast corner of outlot 22, from thence, run southwardly in the line of Fourth street, one hundred and sixty-seven feet, to the northeast corner of the Presbyterian meeting house lot ; thence westwardly, at right angles with Fourth street, three hundred and eighty- six feet, to a point or corner ; thence northwardly, parallel to Fourth street, to the north boundary of said lot 27 ; thence east in the line of lots 22 and 27, three hundred and eighty-six feet, to the place of beginning, estimated to contain one acre, eighty-eight hundredths (1.88-100), be the same more or less." The said purchase, for the lot described, from Levi Whipple to Putnam Classical Institute, for "the sum of four hundred dollars." Deed dated February II, 1837, entered for record March 28, 1838 ; recorded March 29, 1838, in Record of Deeds, Book "U," pages 27 and 28.

The work of erecting and furnishing the Seminary building was pushed forward with great energy, and completed and occupied, in the autumn of 1838. It is a brick edifice, one hundred and ten feet long, forty-five feet wide, and three stories high, and contains double parlors, office, dining room, kitchen, school hall, library, recitation and music rooms, with grates ; the building is lighted with gas, and substantially furnished. The back building, containing the gymnasium, bath rooms and laundries, was erected by a member of the Board of Trustees, in 1855. The present roof, (a mansard) was put on by C. W. Potwin and James Buckingham, in 1868, at an expense of eight thousand dollars. The building is near the back part of the grounds, which are well kept, and shaded by beautiful trees. The lawn affords ample room for pleasant recreation, and is an ornament to the locality.

In addition to the ten thousand dollars given toward the building, Mrs. Eunice Buckingham left by her will an additional bequest. [See the following extract from her will.] Mrs. Eunice Buckingham died in March, 1843, and left in her will, as follows :

"I give and bequeath unto my executors, hereinafter named, and to the survivors and survivor of them, and to each such person or persons as such survivor of them, may in manner hereinaf ter provided designate, and appoint successor or successors in this behalf, the following sums of money, in trust, for the uses and purposes hereinafter mentioned, and expressly declared, and for no other. That is to say :

First—The sum of ten thousand dollars, in trust, to invest the same in such stocks, property, securities, and ether investments as they at the time of investing the same may deem safe and beneficial, and all or any of such investments, again and again, from time to time, and at any time, to alter and change, and the same to reinvest in the same manner as herein above provided for the investment thereof; and all dividends, interest, income, and proceeds thereof, which may be received by them, after deducting the expenses of investing, reinvesting and managing tbe said fund, to pay over semi-annually, on the first days of January and July in each and every year, unto my daughters, Sarah S. Beecher, wife of George Beecher, Catharine B. Conyers, wife of Charles C. Conyers, and Martha Buckingham, (notwithstanding the coverture of them, or any of them) the survivors and survivor of them, and to each such persons or person as the survivor of them may (notwithstanding coverture) by last will and testament, or by any writing in nature of a last will and testament, (which she is hereby authorized to make) designate, or appoint as her successor or successors, herein to be by my said daughters, the survivors and survivor of them, and her successors or successor aforesaid, appropriated and applied in such manner as they may think proper, to and for the education and support at the Putnam Female Classical Institute, or elsewhere, of such females desirous of obtaining an education as they may deem worthy and proper objects of this bequest ; who shall always be designated and elected by my said daughters, the survivors and survivor of them, and her successors and successor, aforesaid.

"Provided, however, that if my said daughters, the survivors and survivor of them, and her successors and successor as aforesaid, shall not demand for the purposes aforesaid of tbe said executors, the survivors or survivor of them, or his successors or successor, as aforesaid, any semiannual dividend, with interest, income and proceeds within the period of three months next after the same shall have become payable to them, as above provided, then, my said executors, the survivors or survivor of them, his successors or successor aforesaid, shall pay at any time after the aforesaid period of three months, over, on demand to the Treasurer for the time being of The Putnam Classical Institute, any such semiannual payments, so remaining uncalled for by my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, or their successors or successor aforesaid, for the aforesaid period of three months ; to be by the Trustees of said Putnam Classical Institute appropriated and applied to the payment of the teachers employed by them for such Institute, or at the election of my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, her successors or suc-

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cessor aforesaid, to be appropriated and applied for the purchase of such apparatus, books, etc., for the use of such Institute as my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, or their successors or successor aforesaid may order or direct, or for making such alterations or improvements in and upon the buildings and grounds of the said Institute as my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, or her successors or successor aforesaid may order or direct ; and I do hereby expressly declare that the foregoing bequest for the benefit of the said Putnam Classical Institute as herein before provided, is upon the express condition that the visitorial power over such Putnam Classical Institute, in its fullest extent, shall always be vested and remain in my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, and her successors and successor aforesaid, and that the foregoing bequest to my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, and her successors or successor aforesaid, for the education and support of such females as aforesaid, is upon the express condition that the designation and selection of the said females to be educated and supported as aforesaid, and the manner of educating and supporting them, and everything else whatsoever, which may in anywise relate to the appropriation and disposition of the said dividends, interest, income and proceeds for the education and support of such females as aforesaid, shall be forever exclusively vested and remain in my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, her successors or successor aforesaid, who shall not be in anywise restrained or controlled by, or required under any pretence whatsoever to account to, or before any person or persons, or any Tribunal, Legislature, Judicial or otherwise. I do order and declare that all receipts signed by any one of my said daughters, or of their successors aforesaid, for any of the dividends, interest, income and proceeds aforesaid, shall always be good and sufficient vouchers, and acquittances in this behalf, for my said executors, the survivors or survivor of them, and his successors or successor aforesaid, and it shall not be necessary for all of my said daughters or their successors or successor aforesaid, to join in such receipts, and I do further order and declare that the receipts of the Treasurer for the time being of the said Putnam Classical Institute, or any one of the Trustees thereof, for any of the said dividents, interest, income and proceeds, not paid over to my said daughters, the survivors or survivor of them, or her successor or successors, aforesaid, shall be good and sufficient vouchers and acquittances in this behalf for any said executors, the survivors and survivor of them, and his successors and successor, aforesaid. *

“And I hereby authorize and empower my said executors, the survivors or survivor of them, if they, or he, shall see proper to do so, at any time, to transfer and pay over to the said Trustees of the Putnam Classical Institute, the aforesaid principal sum of ten thousand dollars, either before or after the investment thereof as aforesaid, to be by the said Trustees of the Putnam -Classical Institute, managed in manner hereinbefore pointed out and held in trust for the same uses, trusts and purposes therein before mentioned and declared, and charged upon the same, and for no other use, trust, or purpose."

A portion of the interest of this endowment fund has been used by her heirs each year since 1846 or 1847 in obtaining and sustaining the "Buckingham Library," which now comprises over 3,000 volumes, and is located in a suitable room in the Institute building, and to which has been added a valuable geological cabinet, presented by Colonel John W. Foster, at one time State Geologist of Ohio. The library and cabinent are for the benefit of the school, free of charge, and the citizens have access thereto for a small fee. The school is furnished with chemical and philosophical apparatus, microscopes, planetarium, and a large collection of maps and charts.

THE COURSE OF STUDY embraces a preparatory, academic and collegiate department, the latter including Latin. Special attention has been given to the arrangement and preparation for accomplishing the curriculum, concerning which the Principal, D. J. Evans, A.M., tersely says : "A ready command and accurate use of the mother tongue is the greatest intellectual benefit of education, and should be kept in mind in preparing men and women for active life ;" and, concerning French and German : "The literature of these languages combines the deepest philosophy and the highest culture of the modern world, and a knowledge of them is invaluable in giving depth to our language, breadth to our views and polish to our education. The course of Latin is of such extent as we deem necessary to good education, and aids to acquire the mastery of the English language." The entire course may be accomplished in the three years assigned. Of music, he says : "An extensive course has been laid down and will be followed. The teacher possesses superior qualifications—both a thorough knowledge of the art and a rare aptness to teach."

Our readers will not be surprised that the Principal of this school should give prominence to music, when they recall the names of Bach, Handel, Gluck, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Weber, Rossini, Schubert, Mendelssohn, Schuman, and the grand army of composers that have clustered about these masters, and note with what majestic power they have swayed the world. These are classic names, indeed, spoken with rapture akin to reverence by every intelligent discerner of "the concord of sweet sounds." Hence we infer much when we learn that "at extensive course has been laid clown and will be followed." For there is no fathoming Bach. A lifetime would not suffice to unearth all that he has left, and to understand it thoroughly. This, however, should not deter the lover of music from making an early acquaintance with the great master ; and to those who would do so, here is the advice of one far more capable of giving it than the present writer.

HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO - 151

Herr Pauer says : "I would advise all students to begin with the six small preludes, and afterward to take the inventions for two parts. When the mechanical difficulties of these delicious little duets have been conquered, the fifteen symphonies for three parts may be attempted. The six French suites should come next, and after these the six duet sonatas for clavecin and violin, or those for clavecin and flute may be taken. Next I would recommend the six great English suites, and the charming partitas, the Italian concerto, the different toceatas. Only after such preparation should the student begin the forty-eight preludes and figures called 'The Well-tempered Clavecin.' " And, if such be the opinion of one of Germany's gifted sons, what shall we say of Handel? Like a sweet refrain, the opinion comes : Of all those glorious names inscribed on the roll of Master Musicians, not one perhaps is more revered, or is more familiar to the people, either by his name or his works, than this great man, who has immortalized his name with the most grand narratives of Holy Writ. Nearly two hundred years have rolled by since he penned his heavenly melodies, and yet they always come to our ears as fresh and welcome as spring flowers. What a preacher and poet ! What thousands of hearts must have been turned by his tone-preaching ! Where is the prelate who can move our souls as they are moved by Handel's "Messiah ?"

But the plan of this work will not permit more than the graceful presentation of historic truth pertaining to the country, and so we forbear anything more than a glimpse at the subject. Suffice it that no extensive course in music will de serve the name, unless it embrace some knowledge of those authors.

The present teacher of music, Miss Emeretta Comstock, will doubtless lead her pupils through many selections from these inspired authors.

The original Board of Trustees, with the exception of the Rev. William Beecher (who is the only one now living), served as Trustees as long as they lived. The Rev. Addison Kingsbury, who succeeded Mr. Beecher as President of the Board of Trustees, served nearly forty years, and Mr. A. A. Guthrie, as its Secretary and Treasurer, signed every diploma given, from its beginning until his death, in 1874. The vacancies that have occurred in the Board of Trustees have been filled from among the most prominent gentlemen of the city, the controlling influence being given to the representatives of those who founded the institution.

Until the fall of 1860, the affairs of the Institute were under the direct management of the Trustees, who employed teachers, paid salaries and bills, made up deficiencies, and generally aided the school. Since that time, they have given the use of the building and premises, without charge, and the entire control of the school, to the principal teacher, the Board of Trustees retaining the powers vested in it, except duties devolving on the Principal as such, which are defined.

At the discretion of the Board of Trustees, a portion of the Buckingham fund is used to pay the expenses of young ladies who could not otherwise avail themselves of the advantages of the school, and several, each year, have been thus favored.

Lectures on History, Science or General Literature are given every year, in addition to the regular course of instruction.

The present Board of Trustees is composed of Rev. George F. Moore, President ; C. W. Pot- win, L. Wiles, F. J. L. Blandy, Hon. H. J. Jewett, J. Buckingham, and Rev. A. Kingsbury, D. D.

LIST OF TEACHERS.

1836-39.---Principal, Miss L. A. Emerson ; Assistants, from 1836 to '37 : Miss Mather, Miss S. Buckingham, Miss Daniels, Mrs. Clark, Mr. Hobbie, and Prof. F. Timmel, and for 1837-8-9, Mrs. S. A. McFarland and Miss Frances Dana, Price.

1839-40.—Principals : Misses E. and H. Lang- don ; Assistants : Miss Eliza V. Safford, Miss Anna Gillett, and Herr F. Timmel.

1840-43—Principal, Miss Lucy P. Tappan ; Assistants : Misses Walkinson, Marion, Harriet Darling, Harriette A. Lockwood, and Prof. Ferdinand Timmel.

1843-45.--Principal, Miss Marion A. Hawkes ; Assistants : Misses Susan F. Hawkes, Harriette A. Lockwood, H. Jane Atwood, and Prof. Timmel.

1845-46.—Principal, General C. P. Buckingham ; Assistants : Mrs. Buckingham, Misses Susan F. Hawkes, — Williams, Perkins,----Hartley, and Prof. Timmel.

1846-51.—Principal, Miss Mary Cone ; Assistants : Misses Margaret A. Bailey, Mary J. Sanborn, Mrs. Ann Ward, Prof. Timmel, Miss Caroline S. Humphrey, Mr. H. D. Munson, Misses Amanda A. Hodgman, Alice S. Cone, Agnes W. Beecher, Millard M. Slaughter, Mary S. Guthrie.

1851--54.—Principal, Miss C. Augusta Gregg ; Assistants : Misses Margaret A. Bailey, Agnes W. Beecher, Julia Thompson, Mary H. Harris, L. M. Clark, M. W. Benton, Prof. Timmel, Misses M. L. Kellogg, J. A. Thompson, M. S. Wheeler, L. Hinkle, M. Hartwell, J. A. Cutter, F. O. Goodale, J. Stanwood, M. L. Waters, J. A. Colburn, M. Crane, and C. L. Dudley.

1854-58.—Principal, Miss Maria L. Hubbard ; Assistants : Misses Abby N. Smith, Harriette E. Howard, Annie C. Mayhew, Amanda A. True, Mary Buckingham, Anna P. Clarke, Mary P. Hastings, Prof. Timmel ; Misses Estelle Ditson, Caroline E. Hosmer, Caroline L. Du ley, Sarah R. Hubbard, Edith D. Mathews, Ably F. Hubbard, Martha R. Cutter, Caroline D. L. Kress, Julia M. Howard, Mary P. Beach, Maria Parsons, Elizabeth Fulton, Mary C. Thompson.

1858-59.—Principal, Miss Martha Eastman ; Assistants : Misses Clementine M. Courrier, Hannah Noble, Adeline Sargent, Caroline D. L. Kress, Elizabeth Fulton, Harriet Minott, M. Annette Strong, Clara E. Palmer.

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1859-60.--Principal, Miss Mary A. Strong ; Assistants : Misses Clara E. Palmer, Helen Noble, Helen M. Richards, Maria Parsons, Caroline D. L. Kress, Lavinia B. Dibble.

1860-61.—Principal, Franklin Wood, A.M. ; Assistants : James C. Beekman, A.B., Misses Hannah Noble, Maria A. Parsons, Sarah D. McMillan, Cordelia J. Fletcher, Emily Larimore.

1861-65.—Principal, Mrs. E. A. Porter ; Assistants : Misses Anna Mast, K. M. Richards, S. Leonard, Harriet Sessions, Alma Leonard, Mary B. Putnam ; Mr. John Metcalf, Librarian.

1865-66.—Miss Edith Mathews had a day school in the Seminary.

1866-75.-Principal, Miss S. L. Chapman ; Assistants : Misses F. Caldwell, M. R. Williams, J. A. Williams, Kate Derby, M'lle Marchaud, Misses L. M. Bigelow, F. S. Nye, J. M. Gray, A. M. Stillwell, B. C. Graves, Julia Wyttenbach, Mrs. Everett, Misses Caroline A. Farley, J. A. Tenney, Anna Price, Julia M. Gray, H. Thompson, J. A. Huntington, M'lle A. Ragazzi, S. J. Turner, M. A. Pollock, M. D. Eastman, C. Townsend, M'lle M. Sixte, E. M. Berxton, M. E. Brooks, M. E. Swazey, M'lle D. B. Cigne, E. V. Eastman, P. Burns.

1875-76.—Principal, Rev. Ebenezer Buckingham, D.D. ; Assistants : Mrs. E. N. Buckingham, Misses Laura Buckingham, Sarah M. Barrows, Rev. W. P. Shrom, Misses Mary G. Fulton, Caroline A. Farley, Marion M. Imrie, and Madam M. Maimon.

1876-80.—Principal, Mrs. J. Baldwin Ackley ; Associate, Miss M. H. Baldwin ; Assistants : Prof. Charles H. Dixon, A.M., Misses Virginia L. Stevens, Anna M. Sykes, Marion M. Imrie, Madam M. J. Mettke, Misses Edna Kinnear, L. J. Vorhis, Mary S. Dunlap, Sarah Lewis, Sarah E. Rollo, Mrs. Mary Cowles, Madam Bade Garcia, Rev. A. R. Levy, Miss A. Thompson, Mrs. C. D. Lyons, Mrs. L. G. Shrom, Prof. E. De Beaumont.

1880.-Principal, D. Evans, A.M. ; Assistants : B. C. Davis, Mrs. B. C. Davis, Misses M. M. Fleming, Sarah E. Rollo, and Mary S. Dunlap ; and, in 1881, Miss Rollo was succeeded by Miss Emeretta Comstock.

GRADUATES.

The list up to 1844 is very imperfect, and it is now impossible to arrange them in classes ; the names obtained, known to have graduated prior to that time, are as follows :

Catharine P. Buckingham, Martha H. Buckingham, Mary Mathews, Frances Dana, Abigail Browning, Sarah Van Beusen, Emily Mold, Melissa Stone, Achsah Cherry, Caroline Elliot, Hannah Justis, Charlotte B. Parker, Lucy M. Whipple, Jane Becket, Lillie Gould.

Class of 1844.—Luanna Brush, Sarah C. Fracker, Sarah M. Goddard, Caroline E. Hale, Lucretia Mason, Harriet E. Jewett, Catharine T. Miser, Martha A. Seymour, Sarah Sturgis, (Potwin.)

Class of 1845.—Jane Gould, Sarah H. Hall, Elizabeth N. Horr (Buckingham), Susan C. Hoyt, Maria E. Miller.

Class of 1846.—Esther S. Guthrie (Silvey), Maria Hopkins, Clara D. Lamb.

Class of 1847.—Alice S. Cone (Brush), Elizabeth G. Goddard, Isabella F. Howard.

Class of 1848.—Julia A. Buckingham (Cox), Mary S. Guthrie (Fulton).

Class of 1849.—Alice C. Goddard, Sarah J, Smith, Amanda B. Sturges (Bond).

Class of 1850.—Agnes W. Beecher (Allen), Mary S. Gilbert (Van Home).

Class of 1851.—Kate J. Gilbert.

Class of 1852.—Mary L. Bailey, Amelia Guthrie (King), Lizzie A. King, Mary M. Rankin.

Class of 1853.—Mercy Adams, Virginia E. Copeland, Josephine E. Tishburn, Rose A. Hahn, Lucretia V. Hosmer, Margaret Patton, Martha Rankin, Betty A. Safford, Romaine M. Vinton.

Class of 1854.—Caroline M. Belknap, Lizzie Hinkle, Sallie Peters, Eliza V. Safford.

Class of 1855.—Mary P. Barker, Amanda T. Buckingham, Indiana S. Copeland, Mary E. Haver (Kingsbury), Caroline Haver (Worthington), Edith D. Matthews (Canby), Lucy Munch, Mary C. Nye.

Class of 1856.—Mary Allen, Anna Blandy,. Anna B. Cram, Esther E. Dulty, Frances L. Sherwood, Amanda A. True.

Class of 1857.—Margaret D. Allen, Maria J, Banks, Sarah F. Bowers, Ella F. Chapman, Caroline DeWar, Harriet A. Dinsmore, Hannah Galigher, Annie Haines, Maria Parsons, Julia A. Peabody, Cornelia J. Robins.

Class of 1858.—Harriet A. Culbertson (Fill- more), Ellen A. Duncan, Mary C. Duncan; Mary E. Glessner, Caroline Jones (Wiles), Julietta R. Palmer, Kate Sturges, Louise A. Turner.

Class of 1859.—Virginia J. Ball, Lucy J. Bennett, Fidelia A. Brainerd, Margaret J. Cassiday, Anna Ellis, Lavinia C. Folger, Harriet B. James, Anna P. Jennings, Elizabeth a Kearney.

Class of 1860.—Elizabeth S. Fenstermaker, Anna Leslie, Mary A. Merrick, Sarah E. Shipman' (Kingsbury), Mary C. Thompson.

Class of 1861 .—Kate B. Conyers, Cordelia J. Fletcher, Sidney S. Matthiot, Jane E. Parsons, Elmira Scott, Kate R. Thomas.

Class of 1862.—Ella A. Allen (Munson), Anna S. Bradshaw, Anna M. Manly, Clara B. Printz, Judith D. Peabody (Brush), Lizzie B, Ross, Sue A. Stillwell.

Class of 1863.—Mary J. Brown, Julia A. Clarke, Mary E. Chapman, Augusta Haver, Hattie N. Lowe, Isadora Merrick, Fannie S. Nye, Hannah A. Parsons, Ellen R. Peabody.

Class of 1864—Alice Brown, Mary S. Dunlap, Mary C. Guthrie, Anna L. Price, Susie Thompson, Elizt VanHorne.

Class of 1865.—Sallie Gillis, Lizzie Gillespie, Mary Springer, Jennie Ewarson, Rebecca Campbell (Farquhar).

Class of 1866.—Josephine C. Stinger, Helen M. Thompson.

Class of 1868—Ella S. Brown, Laura Fulton, Julia M. Gray, Clara D. Guthrie (Clark), Rachel H. Huston, Lulu S. Potwin (Munson), Rose B. Sterret, Julia E. Wiles.

Class of 1869.—Mary D. Eastman, Minerva T. Nye, Mary J. Roe.

Class of 1870.—Kate M. Ashbaugh, Mattie Taylor, Helen M. Twaddle. In Music, Virginia C. Darlington.

Class of 1871.—Edith Eastman, Mary Galigher, Edith S. Hahn, L. Eva, Holt (Gilbert), Mary M. Leggett, Carrie E. Townsend (Lyon). In Music, Carrie E. Townsend.

Class of 1872.—Lizzie S. Beaumont.

Class of 1873.—Lizzie M. Cox, Mary F. Linn, Mary E. Munson, Cora Potwin (Ellis).

Class of 1874.—Carrie M. Beaumont, Constance G. DuBois, Ella D. Sedgewick (Taylor).

Class of 1875.—Sophia Adams, Mary E. Robertson, Augusta Thompson, Clara S. Townsend.

Class of 1876.—Elsie W. Buckingham, Cora B. Black, Anna V. Culbertson, Jessie A. Glessner, Fannie L. Russell, Ida A. Townsend.

Class of 1877.—Mary H. Buckingham, Mary E. Reese (Baker).

Class of 1878.—Anna M. Granger, Lucy R. Hazlett, Ella Richards.

Class of 1879.—Anna G. Arthur, Amy S. Blandy, Kate C. Galigher, Cora M. Hubbell, Mary J. McBride, Etta W. Pillsbury.

Class of 1880.—Lizzie Ayers, Dora Black, Katie Little, Cora Manly, Jennie Richards, Hattie Townsend.

Class of 1881- Blandy, Anna Brown, Nellie Buckingham, Lillian Chappelear, Mame Conrade, Ada Galligher, Allie S. Gillespie, Belle Granger, Bessie Hoge, Bessie Hutchinson, Bertie Leutz, Linnie Mason, Lillie R. Salibrd.

The City Council of Zanesville applied to the County Commissioners for the privilege of annexing certain territory to that city. February 28, 1870, an ordinance was passed by the City Council of Zanesville, applying to the County Commissioners for the annexation of certain contiguous territory ; this ordinance described, by metes and bounds, south Zanesville, with all its additions. The County Commissioners met May 18, 1870, for the purpose of considering the act of Council, and granted their request.

June 1, 1870, a transcript of the proceedings of said County Commissioners was filed with the City Council, that being their next regular meeting. August 1, 1870, the City Council created the Seventh Ward of the city of Zanesville out of the territory above described.

PUTNAM ANNEXED TO ZANESVILLE.-At a meeting of the City Council of Zanesville, February 26, 1872, an ordinance was passed annexing the town of Putnam to the city of Zanesville, and said ordinance, being submitted to the people on the first Monday of April, 1872, was approved by a majority of their votes being cast in favor of it.

At a meeting of the City Council, held April 22, 1872, an ordinance was passed accepting the town of Putnam as an addition to tbe city of Zanesville ; and on the 6th of May following, an ordinance was passed, constituting the said annexed territory the Ninth Ward of the city of Zanesville.

"Cliffwood," and that portion of Putnam south of it, was included in this annexation, as was also that portion to the west line, and north of Muskingum avenue, being the north line of said corporation.

MERCHANTS, MECHANICS AND PROFESSIONAL MEN OF SPRINGFIELD.

The following exhibit will be found more extensive in kind than Western villages can generally show, and eloquently sets forth the inducements to settle in the community.. The list begins with the first merchant and first professional man in Springfield. Some of these have successors at this day. The writer would willingly indulge in reminiscences concerning these, in order to gratify a legitimate curiosity on the part of the reader, and his own fondness for story-telling, and thus perpetuate their prominent traits of character and influence in society, but feels constrained to do just as well as their posterity, who have not been careful to preserve these, even in a legendary form. So that it behooves the present generation to take warning, that it may be truly said—he lived.

No drop of that clear stream its way shall miss To thy sire's heart, replenishing its source With life, as the soul rejoins the universe.

Nor fail to fill the heart of the scion coming With a loving and ambitious longing,

A treasure of the holiest memory-- Though his head be ne'er so hoary.

The list is given in the order in which the representatives are believed to have appeared, only following in the various classes :

Dr. Increase Matthews, merchant and physician.

General Merchants—Buckingham & Sturges, Burlingame & Silvey, Philip Munch, M. B. Cushing, Wills & Thomas, Spear & Helmick, J. R. Thomas & Co., J. C. Guthrie, Smith & Shonman, A. A. Guthrie, William Large, Elder & McCoy, McCoy & Lodge, Seaman, Hiner & McKnight, Samuel Atkinson, McCoy Brothers, L. & P. Wiles, W. F. McCoy, J. R. Thomas, William Munch and J. C. Gillespie.

Hardware—S. C. Hoover, Thomas Berkshire.

Jeweler—Henry Safford.

Tailors John LaFerry, Samuel Ashmore, William Berkshire, Rogers.

Saddle and Harness Makers—Manning Putnam, Adolphus Chandler, S. C. Haver, Z. M. Chandler, John Frederickson.

Druggists —Dr. Mathews, E. Dillon, Joseph Shaw.

Cabinet Makers—James Sloan, Harry Gray, Jesse Smith, Jr., Gray & Large, Eli Nesbaum, John Drake.

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Tinsmiths—V. Best, Best & Haver, Thomas Berkshire.

Shoe and Boot Makers John Russell, John Waples, Benjamin Graham, Andrew Alexander, D. Harden, — Keen.

Tanners—Horace Nye, Levi Chapman, Tanner, Peleg Mason, Jacob Reese, Wm. Reese, A. M. Ewing, George Reese.

Millwrights—John Goshen, John Gold, John Conwell, Thomas Wiles, Henry Goshen, James Goshen, John Goshen, Jr.

Taverns—Leavens Ballentine, John Brock, Adam Frouts.

Physicians—Drs. Mathews, Jesse Chandler, Smith, Reed, Conant, Robert Safford, E. Dillon, — Brown, E. A. Farquhar, J. B. -Erwin, J. R. Larzelere, 0. C. Farquhar.

Coopers Ross, James, Martin Jordan, — Wallace.

Blacksmiths—William Miser, John Miser, Peter Miser, Philip Munch, John Balthis, Henry Eli, Levi Clark, Stephen C. Smith.

Wagon and Carriage Makers-Abram Josselyn, Ambrose Josselyn, Joshua Sites, Levi Clark.

Gunsmiths John Glass, Jonathan Brelsford, Morgan Heaton, Samuel Glass.

Carpenters-John Goshen. John Gold, Samuel Chapman, John Conwell, Benjamin King, Jeremiah Dare, M. Crane, Joseph Collins, Henry Goshen, James Goshen, John Goshen, Jr., James Alexander, John Clark, Calvin Thompson.

Wheelwrights — Daniel Stickney. Bernard Monroe, Eli Green, Charles Allwine, Bernard Allwine.

Hatters-Benjamin Rickets, John Kirk, John Reese.

Stone and Brick Masons—John Holcomb, Benjamin Tuttle, John Randal.

Brick Makers-Samuel Simmons, Wm. Simmons, Samuel Simmons, Jr., Samuel Luck, Jas. Emery.

Millers-Jas. Campbell, Wm. Perry, Benjamin Samville, Joshua Buchanan, John Diamond, William Lewis.

PERSONAL REMINISCENCES.

The following extracts are from a historical Resume, by Rev. Addison Kingsbury, supplemented by other friends, of those who "bore the heat and burden of the day," and serve to show those traits of character that insure success wherever found. They are

"Footprints that perhaps another,

Sailing o'er life's solemn main,

A forlorn and shipwrecked brother,

Seeing, shall take heart again "

Albert Austin Guthrie was born in Newbury, Washington county, Ohio, January 9th, 1803. Wheda lad of thirteen he came to Putnan and was, for a time, a clerk, and afterwards a partner of his elder brother, Julius C. Guthrie. In the then state of society , the temptation was very strong to spend his earnings with youthful associates in amusement and dissipation, but convinced of the ruinous tendency of such a course, with characteristic decision, he shut himself up in his own room and spent the hours, which others worse than wasted, in studying the best English classics he could obtain. The evenings were to him of priceless value. They broadened his mind, cultured his taste, and laid a foundation for future usefulness. He belonged to the party of progress, by whatever name it might be called. From its very commencement, he took an active part in the temperance reform, and was the first in this city to abandon the then universal practice of "treating" customers. He was also among the earliest and most ardent advocates of immediate emancipation, when almost the entire sentiment of the community on the slavery question was against him. * * * He was an efficient and successful anti-slavery lecturer, in this and adjoining counties, its advocate in Presbytdy and Synod, and, in the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church at Cleveland, in 1857, he made an impromptu speech, which was one of the most effective in that memorable body. * He was a model Sabbath-School Superintendent, and the school was for many years a model Sabbath-School. * He was one 0f the original Trustees of the "Putnam Ladies' Seminary," and for many years their secretary and financial agent. He was one of the originators of "Woodlawn Cemetery," and the first President of the Association, and a large part of the work of laying out and adorning that beautiful resting place for the dead is due to his skill and taste. He delivered the address of its dedication, in 1853. In domestic and social relations, Mi. Guthrie was eminently qualified to receive and give pleasure. The Austin Guthrie of 1873 was the Austin Guthrie of 1833, unchanged in all, except matured piety.

Then there was Major Nye, the man of military bearing and iron will, into whose vocabulary the word "can't" never entered ;—a soldier, every inch of him—whose greatest victory, however, was not the victory of arms, but of habits ; whose love of personal liberty was not more deep than his sympathy for those in bonds, and under whose stern exterior there throbbed a heart of Christian kindness and inflexible integrity, that would have braved the dungeon or the stake in defense of truth, and the inalienable rights of man. His early life was coeval with the first settlement of this State, and the history and experience of its tragic scenes, its patient toils and heroic sufferings, were familiar to him as household words. He was born at Chesterfield, Mass., June 8th, 1786, and died February 15th, 1859.

Dr. Increase Mathews was the original purchaser and one of the founders of Springfield, and whom the Sabbath always found in the house of God, and whose liberal contributions were freely

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given to the various objects of Christian benevolence abroad, as well as for the support of the institutions of religion at home. He established the first drug store, and was for several years the only physician in the Muskingum Valley ; a man of strict integrity, great simplicity and purity of character, and a "gentleman of the old school." He was born in Braintree, Mass., December 22nd, 1772, and died June 6th, 1856.

Alvah Buckingham was born at Ballston Springs, New York, March 20th, 1791, and with his parents and several brothers and sisters, came to Ohio in the early part of the year 1800. He came to this place in 1812, to assist his brother, Ebenezer, and with him subsequently engaged in mercantile pursuits, in which, while he was eminently successful, he acquired an enviable reputation for integrity. He possessed a clear, penetrating mind, and his judgment was rarely at fault. He was a member of the building committee of the Putnam Presbyterian Church, and of the Ladies Seminary, and of the Presbyterian manse, as well as one of their founders. The erection of the latter was superintended by him and was aided by him in subscriptions. He was not a professor, though a liberal supporter of the Gospel and a regular attendant at the house of God, a constant reader of the Bible, a good citizen and steadfast friend, an affectionate husband and indulgent father.

Solomon Sturges, a native of Fairfield, Conn., was born April 2 I , I 796. At the age of fourteen he oame by sea to Georgetown, D. C., and while the vessel was unloading, Mr. Williams, coming on board, took a fancy to young Sturges and he entered into his employ as a clerk. (Among his associates were : W. W. Corcoran, of Washington City, and George Peabody, known till his death as the American Banker, of London. All of whom were then poor, but started in life, determined to become million-aires, and through the Divine power, reached the goal of their ,ambition.) In 184, at the invitation of Mr. Buckingham, Mr. Sturges came to Putnam, and in 1816, in connection with Ebenezer Buckingham and Alvah Buckingham, (the three having married sisters,) formed a partnership, under the firm name of “E. Buckingham, Jr., & Co.", and in the old building, still standing on the bank of the Muskingum river, at the junction of Muskingum and Putnam avenues, did a large mercantile business.

Mr. Sturges was a man of great simplicity and transparency of character. What he thought he utterd ; what he felt he manifested unequivocally. He was a generous neighbor, an upright and worthy citizen, and a true self-sacrificing patriot. He equipped, at his own expense, a company of soldiers, named for him, "The Sturges Rifles," and kept them in the field for the support of the cause of the Government in the late war. He was among the very first to invest in Government securities, taking a hundred thousand dollars, before the U. S. loan was popular at home. He was one of the founders and Trustees of the Ladies Seminary. And to the institutions of religion he gave a liberal support, and was a punctual attendant at the house of God. He contributed cheerfully to the various objects of Christian benevolence, and to the American Colonization Society in particular. After a course of remarkable activity and untiring energy, he came back from his lifes' work, to the bosom of his family, and, tenderly nursed by his daughters, died, October 11., 1864, and by his sons was borne to his burial.

Julius C. Guthrie, cut off suddenly in the vigor of manhood, was a successful merchant, highly esteemed ; a man of noble bearing, of warm and generous heart, of tender religious sensibility, a constant attendant and an interested listener and worshiper in the sancturary. He was born near Belpre, Washington county, O., April 26, 1792,– -the first white person born in that part of the N. W. Territory—now State of Ohio. He died deeply lamented, July 25, 1849, aged 57 years.

"Dr. Robert Safford, "the beloved physician," in whom we all confided, whom to know was to honor and esteem ; a constant reader and admirer of the Bible ; a man of profound humility, who wept at the love of Jesus, and delighted in pointing others to the light of life, and bearing them on the wings of prayer to the very foot of the mercy-seat, died on July 6th, 1854, aged 60 years. "These with others, both living and dead, were the men who composed the congregation when this church was first organized. Were the women in the enterprise less worthy?.

First, as being eldest in years, was Mrs. Betsey Mathews, a woman of quiet, matronly dignity, of great excellence and worth, of few words, but well chosen, a prudent wife, a kind and discreet mother, a Christian of exemplary and intelligent piety. She was born September 28, 1775, and died May 3, 1852.

Near her in friendship and neighborhood, was Mrs. Eliza Whipple, more social but less intellectual, of a warm and generous nature, always ready to help forward every good cause, and finding her own happiness in making others happy. She was one of the earliest residents of the place, and from her first consecration to Christ maintained a uniform, consistent Christian

Of a more quiet but cheerful temper, was her sister, Mrs. Patience Leavens. Her devotion to the interests of the church here and in her later home, was unwavering and most intense. She made the very atmosphere of her home redolent with her christian zeal, and all who entered could but breathe in the influence of her devout and heavenly spirit. She was truly a mother in Israel.

Mrs. Eunice Buckingham deserves a most honored place. She was born in Glastenbury, Conn., October 22d, 1792, and in August, 186, newly married, with her husband and sisters, crossed the Allegheny Mountains on horseback, there being then no roads for carriages or wagons: Suddenly widowed in 1832 by a dreadful casualty, she met the shtick with

156 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.

Christian fortitude and submission, and brought to her new position and increased responsibilities an unwavering purpose and a conscientious fidelity worthy of all praise. As the sole head of her family, she ruled her household well, though her children were held by a silken thread. She was dignified, yet unassuming, generous, yet unostentatious, her piety gradually maturing to the end, and bringing not merely a peaceful, but triumphant death. *

Besides paying one-half of the expense of rearing the Seminary building, she left $10,000 for its endowment, the interest of which is to be appropriated for purposes of female education perpetually, under the direction of her daughters, and their successors ; $1,000, the interest of which should be contributed to the pastor's support till his salary reached $800 ; $1,500 toward the erection of the manse ; $1,000 to the American Bible Society ; $1,000 to the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions ; $1,000 to the American Home Missionary Society ; $1,000 for the cause of emancipation, and $500 to the American Tract Society. She died February 28, 1843.

Nor should her sisters, Mrs. Ann Buckingham and Mrs. Lucy Sturges, be omitted from these brief sketches, both of whom were "honorable women" and exemplary Christians. Mrs. Buckingham was a fine example of conscientious fidelity in all the duties and relations of life. The heart of her husband trusted in her, and her prudence and skill, with her habits of industry and economy, relieved him of all anxiety. Her children rise up and all call her blessed.

Mrs. Sturges was of a more retiring disposition, unpretending, discreet and lovely, and a sincere and faithful disciple, adorning the doctrine of God, her Savior, in all things ; a most devoted wife and mother, active in duty and, heroic in suffering, a steadfast friend and peace maker,: a generous patron of the Sabbath School, furnishing most of the means for the erection' of the hall in which it now meets, and the benefactress of her pastor. She was born in Glastenbury; Conn., May 22,1800, and died July 25,1859.

Not less worthy of note was Mrs. Maria A. Sturges, a decided, active, devoted Christian ; the first to see and lament any declension of the church, and the first to rejoice in the returning influence of the spirit, and to welcome the Savior back to His deserted fold ; thoroughly educated, retiring, yet energetic ; ready to make sacrifices, and to use her facile and gifted pen, as she often did, in the .cause of suffering humanity and of practical godliness. With all her amiability, she was yet a very positive character. By her intelligence and fervent piety, she had a marked influence-, especially with regard to the culture and early conversion of children, and did more than any other member in forming and giving character to the Maternal Association, of which she was the efficient and honored Secretary. Her sudden death, in the midst of life, was deeply mourned. She died in December, 1842.

Mrs. Parmelia Guthrie was a woman who embodied, in a high degree, many of the traits of the good woman of inspiration ; the same activity and energy characterized her house ; the same prudence and discretion in her speech and behavior ; the same law of kindness, which kept her from speaking evil, and disposed her to put on it the best construction an action would bear ; the same benevolence, which made her feel she was a debtor to do unwearied acts of kindness to every one who came under her roof, or sojourned in her family ; the same fear of the Lord, leading her to a prompt obedience, not only to 'an unwavering trust in Christ and the most fervent desires that her children might all be embraced in the bonds of the everlasting covenant. She was a faithful daughter, wife, and mother, amid the toils and privations of pioneer life, of which she has left an honorable record. She was born in Cooperstown, New York, August 0, 1799, and died March 4, 1863.

Mrs. Lucinda Nye, another of the 'honorable women" of this church, was born in Newburg, Orange County, New York, April 22, 1791, and removed, with her father's family to this vicinity, in October, 1819. Soon after she came to this place, in the family of Mr. J. C. Guthrie, she supported herself by her needle, and subsequently by teaching. In the "Stone Academy," she had a school of some twenty-five or thirty scholars, in whom she became deeply interested, and whom she followed with her counsels and prayers, and nearly all of whom became the subjects of divine grace. Soon after coming here, she united with the Presbyterian Church, of Zanesville and Springfield, and at the time of the formation of this church, was one of its efficient members. Mrs. Nye was a woman of great vitality and energy of character, a pattern of industry, and a lover of nature and art. Some specimens of her handiwork were the wonder and admiration of tbe beholder. * Her faith was a very distinct apprehension of things unseen, as well as a personal trust in the Savior and a reliance on his promises. This kept her cheerful and hopeful to the end, and gave fervency and importunity to her prayers, led her to the house of God, and to her closet, and to the female prayer meeting, which was held at her house for a number of years. April 9, 1874, disease, "gentle," "not tardy," introduced her spirit to the joy of her Lord, and we laid the earthly tabernacle

"Beneath the turf she had often trod "

Besides these worthies now named, others equally deserving, might be mentioned ; but I have said enough to show that in its organization this congregation possessed more than arr ordinary amount of activity, and sanctified talent.

Dr. Reed lived in a house below Judge Putnam's, and which yet stands as a monument of the ancient town.

Levi Whipple, a sterling man, engaged with Judge Putnam in milling. He had several sons,

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Warner, Franklin and Wells ; they engaged in trade in the West.

Hafry Safford, "the Postmaster General of the village," was an earnest, positive, but genial, humorous and cordial man. The soul of any enterprise in which he took part, and the life of ' any company he was in. He married the daughter of General Isaac VanHorne, a leading pioneer of Zanesville. His own family was of English stock, through the Yankee blood of New England.

He was the foremost in every cause for the benefit of his town, and his fellow-men. He was a member of the First Presbyterian Church, and a warm friend of its pastor, Dr. James Culbertson.

The Reformers of the day found in him a decided and active support. He espoused the cause of temperance from its birth, and was ever a zealous advocate, and example. The African had no warmer friend. Negro slavery was to him an abomination.

The Colonization Society, the prime source of the final extinction of slavery, was long sustained in this community by his active interest and labors. For years he was its efficient Secretary.

In politics he was a thorough Whig and Protectionist ; well informed on all the questions of the day, taking his gospel from the New York "Tribune" and Horace Greely—his friends and companions.

The Sunday School, however, was his chosen field. He was never so much in his element as in organizing and pushing. a Sunday School, planting some of the first schools ever started in Muskingum county. Many are the persons who have come to his children to say that Harry. Safford was the man who picked them off the street and gave them a start in life, from his Sunday School.

In educational matters he took an early and permanent place ; himself, in early life, a teacher, and well read in all matters pertaining thereto ; with a special delight in poetry, of which he would repeat large portions from tbe best authors, ever catching the inspiration of him who wrote :

"To thee, whose temple is all space,

Whose altar, earth, sea, and skies !

One chorus, let all being raise !

All nature's incense rise !"

He gave his sons more than a "liberal education ; he gave them what the best colleges of the land could give. Dr. James M. Safford, after a course at Yale, was appointed State Geologist of Tennessee, and made an elaborate and scholarly report of the geology of that State. He subsequently became Professor of Chemistry in the Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Rev. J. P. Safford, D.D., after a course of study at Boston, and Princeton, was ordained to the ministry of the Presbyterian Church, and settled at Frankfort, Kentucky. He was afterwards appointed District Secretary of Missions for Ohio and Indiana, and filled that position to the entire satisfaction of Zanesville Presbytery, being re peatedly re-elected, and occupied that office at the time of his death, which occurred at his residence, in Zanesville, July 10, 1881, and which was as peaceful and serene as if he was sleeping. He leaves five children, two sons and three daughters ; two brothers, Rev. James M. Safford, of Tennessee, and Isaac Safford, of California, and two sisters, Mrs. Triplet and Mrs. Barney, of Coshocton, Ohio.

Early settlers, having the profits of the chase in view, and hearing the good report concerning the "Northwest Country," were eager to settle in this region. Henry Crooks, from Martins- burgh, Virginia, came in 1797, and settled near the mouth of the Licking river, on the hillside, about the north end of Pine stseet, as now designated. He was engaged with Jonathan Zane and John McIntire, in operating a ferry across the Muskingum river, assisted by William McCullough, who had settled on the east side of the river. [The ferry consisted of two canoes, fastened side by side.] In 1798, Andrew Crooks came, and settled on the west side of the river, near the ferry landing, but subsequently removed to the east side of the river. During this year, George Mathews came, and built a cabin on the hill now called "Putnam Hill.

TOWN OF NATCHEZ.—Proprietorship seemed contagious in those days. The success of Zanestown and Springfield, while yet in swaddling clothes, was not without its effect. And, as there was no legal hindrance to the creation of another Paradise, tradition informs us, that in 1806, General Isaac Van Horne laid out the town of Natchez. The boundaries were about as follows : On the east, by a line west of the Muskingum river, beginning not far from the Main street bridge, taking in a part of the Pine Street Hill, and extending near the intersection of the National road and the Licking river, and having that stream for its northern boundary, and the Muskingum for its eastern boundary. This boundary included the "house built by Henry Crook, in 1797, on the north side of the bluff near the north end of Pine street," and he thus became the first settler in the town of Natchez. The second house was built by General Isaac Van Horne. Isaac Zane built a house on the site now occupied by Thomas Drake, between Spring and Young streets. In this house “the accustomed dance of the good old colony times," was kept up during the entire week between Christmas and New Year following its completion.