THE PIONEERS - SCHOOLS - DILLON'S FALLS - FIRST STORE-MAIL ROUTE-BLACK, LOG M. E. CHURCH ORGANIZATION OF TOWNSHIP - ITS TOPOGRAPHY, SOIL AND GEOLOGY-FIRST SURVEYORS-PHYSICIANS-WEST ZANESVILLE VILLAGE-THE PIONEER PREACHER--TEMPERANCE WORK - TAVERNS - FLOURING MILLS-FIRST BURIAL GROUND-FIRST TANNERY-FIRST MARRIAGE - REPRESENTATIVES - SALT WORKS- FIRST SABBATH SCHOOL- METHODIST PROTESTANT CHURCH-NATIONAL ROAD-FRAZEYBURG SCHOOL-RICH VALE M. E. CHURCH-OAKLAND CHURCH- ANCIENT POTTERY-POST OFFICE IN WEST ZANESVILLE-GLEN MOORE NURSERY- ISRAELITISH BURIAL GROUND -VILLAGE OF WEST ZANESVILLE ANNEXED TO THE CITY OF ZANESVILLE-THE FIRST GRANGE-PLEASANT VALLEY GRANGE - RICH VALLEY GRANGE - POTTERY-LIME BURNING-IRON ORE-MAGNE7 SIAN LIMESTONE-THE FIRST RAILROAD- GEOLOGY.

THE PIONEERS . —The first settler was Edward Tanner, who built his cabin not far from the south bank of the Licking river, about seven miles above its mouth. This was in 1790, four years before the trading post was inaugurated at Zanestown, and before any amicable relations seemed to exist between the "pale faces" and the Aborigines. We say amicable relations, for the common feeling between the two races was manifestly hostile, based upon a supposed antagonism, and, owing to the treachery of many white and red men, too often declared itself by deeds of rapine, arson and bloodshed, the legiti- mate outgrowth of false ideas of mine and thine. Tradition informs us that Edward Tanner, who was born on the south branch of the Potomac, when about sixteen years old was captured by .Indians and taken to Upper Sandusky, Ohio, and kept a prisoner for three years and a half and then released, when he returned to Virginia, and, after becoming a man, married and soon af- ter migrated to the place where he built his cabin, as stated. In view of his capture and re- lease, we may suppose that he was not maltreated during that captivity, and that he had found favor at their hands, and as he subsequently was

will- ing to venture with his wife into the wilderness over which red men roamed and held dominion,he evidently had acquired faith in their integrity and fair dealing, when met by the same traits in the white man. At any rate, he settled in their midst and remained unmolested. And a little more than a year afterwards—in 1792—his son, Samuel, was born. William C. Tanner was born there also—the same now known as Captain Tanner.

About the beginning of the present century Edward Tanner built a new log house to dwell in, instead of the primitive cabin. This was the first hewed log house in all this country ; it is not now used for a dwelling. Edward Tanner was a consistent member of the M. E. Church. He died in 1831. His son, Captain W. C. Tanner, lives on the old homestead farm. Major Bonnifield was the next to settle in this locality, but when the township lines were run, his home was found to be in Hopewell township. Baltzer Fletcher settled near Mr. Tanner, on the east, about 1791. He was from Virginia, also. John Kinkead came from New Jersey, in 1795.

In 1797,EliasHughes and John Ratliff—frontier scouts—moved from Virginia and settled near the mouth of the Licking river, but in about a year forsook their cabins and moved about twenty miles further up the stream. It is not likely that they made homes there, as no trace is to be found of them, beyond the tradition. It is prob- able they were the same worthies of whom an account, by their names, is given in the history of Muskingum township.

In 1798, a Mr. Priest settled in the same locality. Tradition informs us that " Mr. Priest, wife and six children, the youngest in arms, removed from Culpepper county, Virginia, four hundred miles away, the parents walking, the mother carrying her babe, while the other children and their household goods and furniture were trans- ported on pack horses. Mrs. Priest lived to be 102 years old." It is to be regretted that the place of their location and some of the events of such a family, have not been kept in the memory of some one, or otherwise preserved.

Abel Lewis came to Zanesville from Pennsylvania, in the year 1800. It is said he was a man of unusual courage, although very cautious. Doubtless a man venturing from Pennsylvania into Ohio, at that time, was possessed of true courage. The following incident, related of him, evinces his caution :. "Traveling on foot, when night came, in order to avoid the danger of being attacked by wild beasts while asleep, he climbed into a tree top, tied his arm to a limb with his pocket handkerchief, and passed the night safely." That the country was settled by

such men, was surely a guarantee of its development in the ways of civilization. Mr. Lewis was clerk of the court from 1803 to 1811 ; he was a surveyor, also. He removed to the farm now occupied by his son, George J. Lewis, in 1812. George was a small boy at that time, and has lived on the old home place ever since. It is situated near the north boundary, and a little west of the median line of the township.

John Channel, a noted hunter, squatted near John Ratliff in 1804, and changed his abode soon after, for some locality further up the river.

The next to join the settlement, were William Kamp and Frederick Geyer. The latter, in 1807, lived on the farm now owned by Lewis Lane. His son, George F. Geyer, then a mere lad, is now in his eighty-fifth year.

The first carpenter was ___ Woodward, whose first work was done for Edward Tanner, on his hewed log house, A.D. 1800.

THE FIRST SCHOOL.—We would have liked to have given the names of the first scholars, or some of them, and their successors. It would have enabled the reader to recall fond memories, and doubtless would have awakened fountains of human feeling seemingly dried up. It is an unwelcome task to record so little concerning a field so fruitful of " happier hours," that were cherished in the long ago. Surely there was a wealth of ties in common, when children found their way o'er hill and dale to the log school house, where the teacher was sometimes taught as well as the scholar. And when the mysteries of the books were laid away for the day, and the evening shades began to fall, their souls breathed a " common prayer :”

And as the children wandered home again, often peering into each others faces, some of which were radiant with feeling, and tears of joy or sorrow lingered on the cheek—how hallowed those scenes ! but we have none other than our own memory to draw from, and so must be content with a few brief statements, and leave the reader to supply the rest.

The first school, then, was kept in the edge of Falls and Hopewell townships, in 1801,by a Mr. Black. The first school house in this township was built on the farm owned by William Search, situated in the southwest corner of the township, about 1804. This temple of learning, like many cotemporary institutions of the same kind, was of the primitive order of architecture—and too familiar to the student of " ye olden time " to warrant a description here. The purpose for which it was reared was served in the most practical way. It was then that the future statesman and philosopher, or the dignified matron, first struggled with the problems in orthography, and it is worthy of note that this subject has not ceased to cause a struggle in its mastery,even in institutions of greater pretensions, to this day. Writing and Arithmetic, the remaining members of the trio that embraced the curriculum of the institutions aforesaid—otherwise expressed in the phrase to " read, write and cipher "—formed the most important factors that challenged their endeavor. The graduates of these institutions had one advantage over those of more modern - times, they were satisfied with their attainments and betook themselves to the industrial pursuits of life, which, to them, were the short roads to happiness.

About the same time, perhaps a little later, J. Ranny taught school on the Camp farm, on the north side of the Licking river. The teachers have doubtless passed away, and there are few of the pupils to answer to the roll call.

The inception of this settlement, was when Moses Dillon first saw the Falls. About the year 1803, or 1804, Moses Dillon, senior, then about seventy years, of age, came to this region, as the traveling companion of a Quaker minister, on a visit to the Wyandot Indians, located at the head waters of the Coshocton branch of the Muskingum river. Arriving at the Falls of the Licking, Mr. Dillon was first impressed with the beauty of the landscape, and then with the fact that here was a fine water-power, and conceived the idea of utilizing it for manufacturing purposes. Before leaving the neighborhood, he discovered iron ore, which increased his determination to make this a business point. Soon after his return to his home, in Pennsylvania, he purchased a tract of land, including the Falls— probably near three thousand acres. He moved to the Falls in 1805, and erected an iron furnace and foundry, and made all kinds of hollow-ware then in vogue. This was probably the first furnace and foundry erected west of the Alleghany Mountains. In 1814, Mr. Dillon built a gristmill and two sawmills near the Falls; one on the east side of the river. These mills, and the furnace and foundry, gave employment, sometimes to as many as one hundred and fifty men.

In 1806, Mr. Dillon opened a store at the Falls of the Licking, with a general assortment of merchandise suited to the wants of the pioneer, and trading. with the Indians, many of whom yet lingered in the region round about, and found it convenient to exchange their skins, furs, other wares, and meats, for articles of clothing and ammunition. This became an important trading point. The people were allowed to settle on his land near by, and the village, that grew in this wise—though never regularly laid but, and no one acquired title to the land occupied by them once numbered fifty families.

Moses Dillon had three sons, John, Isaac, and Moses, who, like himself, were enterprising men. He was engaged in business with his sons until near the time of his death, in 1828, having lived to be ninety-four years old. His son John

continued the furnace, foundry, and mills, for some years after the father's death, and gave attention to agriculture and horticulture. He and his brother Isaac were among the number who organized the Muskingum County Agricultural Society, in 1836. They held their first fair at the Court House in Zanesville, an account of which is given in another part of this work. John Dil- lon was the first President of the Society. He died in the year 1862, aged eighty-six, having lived a very useful life. Isaac Dillon was exten- sively engaged in agriculture, horticulture, and breeding fine, stock. He was the first in the township to engage in breeding Durham cattle and Merino sheep, and aided many others to en- gage in this business.

In 1825, Isaac Dillon engaged in manufactur- ing linseed oil, carpets, cloths, cassimeres, and satinet. His mills were located at the mouth of the Licking river, in West Zanesville. He had a sawmill just above the bridge, and a store in the brick building now standing between the railroad bridge and the Licking river. They have all passed away ! Others occupy the field, with industries larger and grander, but not more important than those in their day.

The tree of prosperity, with its wide-spreading branches, each side of the river.

The first store was opened at the Falls of the Licking by Moses Dillon and sons, about A. D. 1806. Their merchandise was brought to them on pack-horses, rarely by wagon, and embraced everything known to the pioneer's schedule.

The first mail route through this township was from Zanesville to Newark, north of the Licking river, inaugurated in i8o6. The mail was first carried on horseback. In 1825, Neile, Moore & Company placed coaches on the road. This was a doubtful improvement, even for passengers, as road working had not been practiced, and most of the route lay through swampy woods. It was no unusual thing for a coach—having to take to the hillsides, to avoid the swamps—to upset, to the disquietude of the inmates, and sometimes seriously damaging their persons. The music of the driver's horn, or the flourish of his whip, may not be forgotten, but their combined influ- ence could not subdue the fears of those who en- trusted themselves to their care over one of these routes.

About the same time, John S. Dugan ran a line of stages fram Zanesville to Newark, via Irville and Nashport, a longer route, but traveled in less time than the other, as the road was better. One Alexander Thompson was a driver on this route. Drivers were notable characters, and fully appreciated their position, as mail carriers, especially, and often were "the boon companions of men of high as well as low degree."

This society was formed at the Falls of Licking river, about four miles from Zanesville, and organized in 1807. The first members were : Edward Tanner and family, Samuel Simpson and family, and Baltzer Fletcher and family.

The first class-leader and preacher was Rev. David Sherrard. The Reverends, James B. Findley and George Ellis, "pioneer itinerants," preached at this place, at divers times, and in sundry other places in this region, and were largely instrumental in the formation of the society alluded to. The former was for some time a missionary among Indians.

In 1807, or 1808, another society, under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was formed, in the northwest corner of the territory now known as Falls township, and was known as Hayne's or Hooper's Society, probably because persons of those names took a leading part in their religious exercises ; this is more reasonable than to suppose that they were the leading contributors, for, in those days, all who attended the house of prayer were content with a very humble temple, and, as their habits were frugal, there was but a nominal expense connect- ed with the service. The probability is, also, that those who worshiped at all, worshiped God, since there was no pomp of circumstance, nor gorgeousness, about the temple to distract them from it.

This society built a meeting-house, in 1810, in the same locality. An accidental circumstance gave rise to the name by which it was best known in after years. During the process of building, one of the logs was blackened by fire before being raised to its place in the building, and the meeting-house was named "Black Log." Some, however, preferred to call it the chapel.

This township was organized on the 9th of March, A. D., 1808. September 3, 1817, a part of West Zanesville was added to its territory. It is bounded by the following lines : "Beginning on the west side of the Licking River, at the corporation line of the city of Zanesville, on what is the 'Military, or Base line,' thence west along said line one and one-half miles to the southeast corner of Hopewell township ; thence north along the line of said township to the southeasterly corner of Licking, and southwesterly corner of Muskingum townships; thence east along the south line of Muskingum township to the Muskingum river ; thence in a southerly direction along, and down, said river to the corporation line of the city of Zanesville ; thence west and south around the said corporation of Zanesville to the place of beginning."

The principal stream in the township is the Licking River, which passes through the south-

western portion, leaving an area of about one-third of its territory south and west of said river. There are several small streams in the township, which flow into the Licking River, viz. : Bartlett's Run, Devore's Run, and Timber Run. There are also a number of never failing springs, so that the region is well watered.

Topographically, this section is one of the most pleasing to the eye, in its varying landscapes, to be found in the county. The surface being generally undulating, even near the river, where the slopes are known as first and second bottom, and viewed as a whole, it is an inviting field to the agriculturalist. The soil, as in other regions similarly situated, is a sandy loam on the bottom lands, and a clay sub-soil on the uplands, and noted for its productiveness, inasmuch that it has been termed "the farmer's paradise."

The native trees, once dense forests, embraced white, red and black oaks ; chestnut, hickory, elm, ash, beech, sugar, maple, black and white walnut.

Mineralogically, this township compares favor- ably with many others of the county. Sand- tone, limestone and iron ore are found in many localities.

The first surveyors were Charles and John Roberts, who came to this township in 1868. It is probable that they ran most of the lines for the settlers in this township ; yet, as there is no record on this subject, we have only the tradition that they were here about the time stated.

The first brick made and burned in this township, was in 1808, by William Trago. His kiln was about two miles west of the city of Zanes- ville, near where Mr. A. M. Hollingsworth resides.

The first dam across the Muskingum River, at Zanesville, was built in 1809, and a short distance above the present dam, which was built by the State, in 1838.

George Jackson's Oil Mill, Saw Mill, and Flour Mill, were erected in 1809, :on the west side of the river.

James Taylor erected a forwarding and commission warehouse, a little way above these mills, on the same side of the river.

About the same time, Richard F'airlamb and Michael Dulty erected a large flouring mill on the west side of the Muskingum river, a short distance below the dam: The mill was subsequently purchased by John and Richard Drone. About the same time; also, Matthew Gillespie built a large mill for the manufacture of linseed oil ; this was located near where the west end of the railroad bridge new stands. This mill was subsequently used by R. N. and Daniel Dunlap, for the manufacture of broom handles and clothes pins.

The first physician was Dr. Isaac Helmick, who located in West Zanesville ; the time, and precise location, have not been found out. That any son of Esculapius should be doomed to the oblivion of such a mention as is here afforded by the barren record at our command, is suggestive, to say the least.

But they were sculptured, or carved in letters bold, with many a record of their deeds ; while now no scroll or tablet, nor humble shaft is found to speak of the deeds of sacrifice that blessed his fellow, nor memory of his worth.

Owing to the fact that West Zanesville formed a part of Falls township, mention of the laying. out of the village is here repeated. This was .done by John McIntire, A. D., 1809. He surveyed and platted certain squares, which were sub-divided into lots,. viz. : Beginning at the north end of the bridge, and running north along River street, numbers one to twenty inclusive, fronting on River street. This plat was never recorded.

The Western Addition, or Newtown, was laid out in 1852. A part of this tract was owned by John Lee, to-wit. : That part lying west of Blue avenue.

Terrace number one was laid out on a part of the McIntire land, in 1855, and terrace number two, on another portion of said land, in 1863.

The village was incorporated A. D:, 1869, and under this new state of things, Henry Peters was elected Mayor, and Imri Richards, Recorder.

The first distillery was built by James Tharp, in 1809 or 181o, about one mile west of Zanesville. James Fulton subsequently started a distillery, on what was known as the Snider Farm, near the county infirmary grounds. This was afterwards carried on by J. Belknap.

Anno Domini, 1810, Rev. James B. Finley, a Methodist minister on the Knox circuit, held his first appointment at Dillon's Falls, in the house of Henry Dick, who kept the tavern, then the only one in the place, and notwithstanding the assembly was rough by nature and habit, a class was organized, consisting of John and Jacob Hooper, J. Denlenhiffer, Mr. -- Cooper and wife, and Samuel Gasaway, the latter 4 colored man.

Rev. James B. Findley started a- subscription for a hewed log Meeting House, which was erected soon atter. Just before the house was erected, Bishop McKendree, passing by on his western tour, was asked to preach a dedication sermon on the foundation and the logs, which he did from the scripture, "And upon this rock I will build my church," Matt. XVI. 18. The house was built, and, after many ), ears of service,

Near about 1810, Rev. James B. Finley inaugurated a temperance society at the Furnace, at Dillon's Falls. He improvised a platform by mounting a salt kettle, and made such an earnest plea in behalf of temperance, that every one present took a pledge to keep liquor away from the furnace, and though no record of that event, or report of the conduct of those who took that pledge, is to be found, tradition has it that the pledge was faithfully kept.

About the year 1809, John Corbis, of West Zanesville, opened a house of entertainment ; his house, a small one, was built of hewed logs, and had a porch in front. The chief commendation " in favor of this tavern was good food and plenty of clean floor to sleep on." A year later, one Mr. Dick opened a tavern, the location of which is not known.

In 1816, John Lee opened a tavern at the Falls, and was very popular. The " landlord," as the tavern keeper was called, had the opportunity of being considered the oracle in state affairs, as he was, by virtue of his position, the associate and confident of the politicians, who, through him, canvassed the country and laid the political wires that often controlled the elections. Lee was a shrewed man and a general favorite.

George Jackson erected a flouring mill at the Falls of the Licking, in 1808 or 181o, on the east side of the river, just below Dillon's Furnace. It is said, that people came fifty and sixty miles to this mill, and sometimes had to wait 'several days for their grist.

The first burying ground was donated by John Dillon, Senior, in 1810. He gave an acre of ground, located not far from the mouth of Timber Run, about one mile west of the city of Zanesville. It is still used as a cemetery, and known as The Quaker Burying Ground." Among the first, perhaps the first, persons interred there, were William Tudor and family. This may, and may not, have been a branch of the Tudors of English renown. It may be that the last of the Tudors has passed away. They are gone, and

The first tannery was started near the Falls of the Licking river, by William English, in 1810. It is not known how long Mr. English conducted this business, or who, if any one, was his successor.

The first marriage in the precincts of what is now Falls township, took place in 1814. George Simpson and Rachel Tanner, were the contracting parties. We are not informed where the ceremony was solemnized, or who joined them in wedlock according to prescribed form, if any such functionary were present ; certain it is that " marriage is honorable in all, and the bed undefiled. Wherefore they are no more twain, but one flesh. What, therefore, God hath joined together, let not man put asunder."

The first bridge was across the Licking river at the Falls, and was built by the Dillons, in the year 1820.

Hon. David Chambers was elected a Member of Congress in 1820; one term. And in 1851, was elected a member of the Ohio Legislature, to which he was returned nine times. He was a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention, and the last.

General Edward Ball was elected member of Congress in 1853 ; re-elected in 1857 ; and in 1867, was elected a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, to which he was re-elected in 1869.

General Samuel Herrick owned and operated a salt well in 1823 ; it was situated in the northeast part of the township, on what is now known as the James Miller farm. The brine was reputed very good, but the works have long since been abandoned.

The first Sabbath School was organized in 1824, at the house of Henry Cook, who was the first Superintendent. There is a flourishing school at the " Union Reform Church," near the same place, of which Adam Drumm is Superintendent. The average attendance is thirty-six.

In 1828, there arose a dissension in the Methodist Episcopal Church, when those who held views essentially different from the Methodist Church withdrew from fellowship, and organized a new church, under the name given at the beginning of this article. The first church organized under this banner, in this township, was in 1835, at the house of John Tanner, where Rev. Joseph Thrapp and Rev. Cornelius Springer preached occasionally.

In 1856, this society built a church near the west line of the township, about midway between north and south. John Tanner and fam-

The National Road, or National Pike, from Washington City, D. C. to St. Louis, Missouri, through this township, was built in 1830. This is the only turnpike road in the township.

The school house on the Frazeyburg road, about one mile north of the line bounding Falls township, on the north, was the school to which pupils living in the northern part of Falls township had to go, in those days. It was a hewed log building, with long windows, rough furniture, planks fastened to the walls for desks, and but little improvement on those first in use in this section of country. The ground on which it was built was donated for the purpose by John Vandenbark, since deceased. The house was erected in 1840. The first teacher was one Gibson.

Religious services were held in this house soon after it was opened, and occasionally Rev. Joseph Thrapp preached there. He was a Method- ist Protestant. It does not appear that any religious society was organized there.

This society was organized in 1842. The church was erected soon after, and is situated on the road leading from Zanesville to Dresden, about five miles from the city.

The membership, at the time of organization, embraced Nathan Kelley and family, E. Wilkinson and family, S. M. Bell and family, Simeon Kelley and family and E. V. Walker.

The trustees are Nathan Kelley; E. Wilkinson, S. M. Bell, Simeon Kelley and F. N. Walker.

A handsome frame structure by this name was built on land donated for church purposes by C.

C. Goddard, of Zanesville. The site was deeded to William Camp and John Vandenbark, as Trustees. The society was organized in 1844 some of the members at that time were, William Camp and family, John Vandenbark and family, D. Edwards and family, J. Pake and family, and Mrs. J. Geyer and family.

The first regular minister was Rev. W. H. Marshall. The first class leaders were John Vandenbark, David Edwards and William Camp.

A Sabbath School was organized soon after the church was built ; at that time, there were thirty scholars. The Superintendent was John Vandenbark. The school now has an average attendance of one hundred. William Scales is the present Superintendent.

On what is known as the John Vandenbark farm, being in lot 4, in Bank Lots, on the eastern border of the township, there was found while plowing, in 1845, on a ridge, in three places, of about 30x40 feet each, beds of crockery ware. When turned up by a plow, the fragments, gen- erally two or three inches in diameter, gave evi- dence of having been shaped by man, but on ex- posure to the atmosphere, soon crumbled to dust. Oak trees, from two to three feet in diameter, had grown over this ridge, and evidently since the pottery fragments were placed there. An iron vessel, about five inches long and one and a quarter inches deep, was plowed up in one of these places. Potters clay is found near here and may have been worked.

The first and only Post Office established in the village of West Zanesville, was in 1851 ; Joseph S. Parke was the Postmaster.

The nursery business, in any region, is to the cultivation of fruits and flowers, what the breeding of fine stock is to the agriculturist—and more. It may be said that improved breeds of cattle, hogs, and sheep are powerful adjuvants to the physical well-being of mankind, and there is some truth in the assertion, when the form of the animal is considered as more pleasing to the eye. But this is only true in proportion as we are educated to see beauty in certain prescribed forms, whereas, we cannot fail to recognize beauty in every creature in the animal kingdom, when we have been educated to recognize the natural outlines, as well as other elements of beauty in them. It may be said that the fleece of sheep has been greatly improved by certain arts, and yet this is open to criticism. It may be said that, beyond all controversy, the fine blooded horse is the no- blest specimen of the equine race. Well, accepting the advantages, and that they have been brought about by skillful management, with equal truth it may be claimed that the fruits and flow- ers of every region have been improved, in qual- ity and quantity, by the same skillful manage- ment, and have vastly more enriched mankind in their effects on. his physical well-being, and are quite as profitable in a financial point of view. These considerations, then, justify giving place to the nursery business.

The inception of this nursery business, it may be, was forced by reason of the delicate health of its founder—S. Jacobs Moore. This state of health was engendered by uncongenial pursuits, which the outdoor and pleasing exercise of the horticultural business did much to restore. It is said that, shortly after coming to Zanesville, in 1856, he purchased an acre and a half of ground in "Mt. Auburn Addition to Zanesville," on the west side of the river, and moved himself and family there. Another acre and a half was soon added to the first, and the work of planting fruit and ornamental trees began. In the fall of 1865, his nephew, S. R. Moore, came, and another tract, containing eleven acres, partly covered with forest trees, was purchased, and, by the spring following, this ground was cleared and prepared

for nursery purposes, and during 1867-68-69, a small stock was growing. Some small fruits were set out. In the spring of 1866, a vineyard of an acre and a half was planted. In 1874, the crop gathered from this vineyard was equal to eight tons to the acre! This prosperity was arrested, however, by the grape rot, from which the vines in this region have not been entirely exempt any year since it made its appearance. The nursery stock, on the other hand, has been increased steadily. The soil and climate are manifestly favorable to the horticulturist.

S. Jacobs Moore continued to superintend the nursery business until near the time of his death, after which the business was conducted by S. R. Moore, until the fall of 1877, when he took control of Mt. Pleasant nursery, and Mrs. S. H. Moore took charge of Glen Moore nursery. In the spring of 1879, S. R. Moore relinquished Mt. Pleasant nursery, and joined Mrs. S. H. Moore in conducting Glen Moore nursery. In addition to fruit trees and flowers, shade and other ornamental trees have a conspicuous place in this industry. To such efforts as this, the county and surrounding region owes much for the opportunity of beautifying homes and cemeteries, and has derived a healthy stimulus in fruit culture.

This was regularly laid out and set apart for the purpose in 1871, and has since been decorated in a becoming manner, and well kept. It is situated on the north side of the National pike, about two miles west of the city of Zanesville. It is under the control of the following Board of Trustees,: Jacob Shonfield, Michael Shonfield, Wolf Dryfus, Henry Baer, and Rudolph Meyer.

The question of annexation to the city of Zanesville was brought before the people in 187o, and resulted in the election of several officers favorable to the consolidation, to wit : Mayor, C. W. Buckmaster ; Recorder, James Patrick, whose influence brought about a test, by a vote of the people, in October, of that year, when a majority of the votes cast were in favor of annexation.

The act of the city of Zanesville, concerning this matter, will be found in the recital concerning Zanesville.

The first Grange (Pataskala), was organized in 1871. The members were : William Townsend, S. M. Bell, J. P. McEwen, and three of the Vanderbarks, whose given names are not remembered. J. P. McEwen was the first Master. At the time of the organization, the meetings were held in the southeastern part of the township, but were subsequently moved across the township, near the northeastern part. S. M. Bell was then the Master.

Pleasant Valley Grange was organized in the southwest part of the township, in 1872. George Townsend, Oscar Tanner, H. L. Gray, Samuel Johnson, and George Kime were members, and James Tanner, Master. This Grange has ceased to exist.

Rich Valley Grange, No. 925.—This is an organization of the Patrons of Husbandry, which was consummated May 28th, 1874, in the vicinity of John M. Lane's, in Muskingum township. The first members were : John M. Lane, John Welsh, Lewis Lane, William Lane, Boggs McDowell, William Latham, Wesley Gorsuch, John Riley, and D. McGee. John M. Lane was the first Master.

Thomas Williams erected his pottery near the National pike, about five miles west of the city, in 1874, and still conducts the business. Another was erected about the same time, near the Falls of Licking. The capacity of these potteries, like about all others in this county, is 80,000 gallons of ware per annum.

This simple industry is, nevertheless, an important one, and has been carried on in this township, by numerous persons, under varying circumstances and degrees of success. In 1874, D. Hattan and Philip Mourin, (the latter having discovered limestone of the Newtonville strata, according to the State Geological Report), erected a lime kiln a little below the Falls of the Licking, on the east side, and continued to burn lime until the stone gave out, which was in the fall of 188o, when the business, of necessity, ceased. It is worthy of note, that Mr. Mourin devised this kiln as a continuous burner, with a capacity of one hundred bushels of lime per day. They sold all of their lime in Zanesville.

Iron ore was discovered by Philip Mourin, in the same locality, immediately above the limestone. The ore was of superior quality, about six inches thick. A large quantity was hauled to the iron furnace, at Zanesville, and manufactured there. The supply gave out in the fall of i880.

Immediately below the limestone, near Dillon's Falls, is this formation, ranging from four to ten feet in thickness, When quarried, it is soft and easily sawed into any desired shape, and, after exposure for a short time to the atmosphere, it becomes quite hard, and suitable for building purposes. The facility of quarrying and cutting into desired shapes, makes this a very desirable stone for ornamental work in buildings.

The first railroad passing through this township was the Central Ohio, from Columbus to Wheeling, now called the Baltimore and Ohio. There is a station at Dillon's Falls,

A section was obtained on Henry Flesher's place, showing Putnam Hill limestone, one foot six inches thick ; sandstone fifteen feet thick ; siderite ore, five inches thick ; also, six inches thick. The sandstone is unusually coarse for Waverly. Some loose fragments of conglomerate were seen on the surface of the ground near the horizon of Maxville limestone, but no conglomerate was found in place.

The following geological section was taken on Joe's Run, about half a mile north of the Central Ohio railroad bridge, across the Licking river :

Feet.

Inches.

Putnam Hill limestone

Clay and shale

Ore, limestone, sometimes siderite

Flint

Mostly sandy shale

Siderite ore

Flint and limestone, fossiliferous

Siderite ore

Dark shale

Feet

Inches.

10.

11.

12.

Simonite ore

Shale

Siderite ore

limestone, fossiliferous,

Sandy bituminous shale

Coal

Clay

CoaL

Clay

Coal

Clay

Sandy bituminous shale, with coal plants