WHEN IT WAS THE RED MAN'S DOMAIN-MOUND - BUILDERS-THE TOWNSHIP AS NOW -RECOGNIZED- “MAD ANTHONY”-PIONEERS-BOUNDARIES--. ELECTION- TOPOGRAPHY-PRODUCTS- STREAMS-COAL-IRON - FIRST ROAD - SALT WORKS-FAIRVIEW M. E. CHURCH-FIRST SABBATH SCHOOL-FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE-CEMETERIES--FIRST JUSTICE OF THE PEACE-FIRST: POST ROUTE - POSTOFFICE - POSTMASTER - MILLS-FIRST STORE-BRICK KILNS-FARM IMPLEMENTS--DUNCAN, HIS HOME, HABITS, DEATH, CAVE, GUN-DUNCAN'S FALLS-FIRST BLACKSMITHS-FIRST TAVERN-DUNCAN'S FALLS LAID OUT-VETERAN PHYSICIAN-IMPROVED BREEDS OF STOCK-THE PARKINSON SCHOOL HOUSE- TEMPERANCE WAVE--DEBATING SOCIETY-DUNCAN'S FALLS BAPTIST CHURCH- PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH-ANCHOR LODGE, F. AND A. M., NO, 283 - METHODIST CHURCH - UNION SUNDAY SCHOOLS-LITERARY SOCIETY-MILITARY, IN THE "WAR OF I2'-LIGHT INFANTRY COMPA, NY, IN 1840-IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION -GEOLOGY.

The region now known by this name, once formed a part of the red man's domain. Some branch or subdivision of the once great Shawnee Nation, perhaps, built "old town," on the east

Among the evidences of earlier inhabitants having roamed over this country, are mounds, some, evidently, built by Indians, and others by that peculiar race, called "mound-builders. One of this latter class is found in the town of Duncan's Falls. It is about thirty "feet in diameter, on top, sloping gently down the sides, and has an elevation of about ten feet above the surrounding surface. Another of this class, and about the same size, is found half a mile north of this ; and still another, of about the same di- mensions, is found on section nine. To the eastward of this mound, nearly half a mile, is a circular formation, about fifty feet in diameter, having a ditch nearly six feet deep, on the inside. There. is a doorway at the east part of this struc- ture, with a mound just inside this passage-way, and, on the embankment surrounding the mound, large forest trees are growing, indicating that the structure was made when no trees were in that locality, as these trees are larger than those in the -surrounding forests. There are other and smaller mounds, 'recognized as such as Indians erect for burial-places.

The township, as now recognized, was not named and bounded for a quarter of a century after the first settler had reared his, cabin in the wilderness known only to native denizens. And, doubtless, he who suggested the name was thinking of "the eternal fitness of things," for Anthony Wayne was not alone a valiant soldier- officer—he was a moral hero. While clinging to his sword, as a means of safety, he was dis- posed to invite his antagonist to join in a council of peace, and, while the enemies ofcivilization feared "Mad Anthony," they respected him for his steadfastness and integrity. These traits, as every schoolboy knows, were the secrets of his success. Hence, the propriety of naming a new settlement after him, perpetuating the memory of his life lessons and emulating his example.

It was a beautiful spring morning, in 1802, when James Findley found the spot that became his home. Lured by the beauty so lavishly dis- played on every hill and vale, and regaled by the balmy odors of rarest flora, is the thought fondly cherished by his descendants. Mingled with a discordant note uttered by beasts of prey, whose near approach made it sometimes neces- sary to lay down the ax for the rifle, and some- times ponder the guttural accents of the Indian ; and, years after, he would say :

Mr. Findley was a Pennsylvanian, and the site on which he built his cabin home, when surveyed, was found to be on section thirty-two, town twelve, range thirteen, as now known in Wayne township. His former occupation was that of a weaver, and, in after years, he served his neighbors in that capacity—for they wore home-made clothing.

In the fall of 1803, when the forests were clad in their changeful beauty, Abraham Mercer came, from Virginia, and settled the question as to where his Paradise should be, by locating on section six, in the northeast part of the town- ship, where his descendants reside to this day. His near neighbor, on the same section, was Ca- leb Dunn, from Sussex county, New Jersey, who settled here in 1804. Following him, came Lewis Karns, settling on land adjoining Dunn on the west.

In 1805, Nicholas Border, from Virginia, settled on the south half of section one, town twelve, range thirteen. He had a large family, and was quite an acquisition to the new settlement.

About this time, Lemuel Josephs found his way into this region, and settled on section ten. His son, Nathaniel, subsequently, occupied the old homestead many years.

The western part of this township was settled by Germans, among whom were Bowman, Glossman, Corbin, Brookover, Pringle, Deffenbaugh, Swope, Heim, Toll, dhrist, Delenbeck, Hoosan, Hemmer, Huffman, Lehman, Alter, Amburst, Soller, Albraith, and Haas. The characteristics of these people are national, and,. as they are not given to historic records, are content to repeat the lives of their ancestors, in simplicity and industry ; and whoever would attempt anything like personal reminiscences concerning them, must needs sojourn among them, as did Diederick Knickerbocker, of old, amongst the New Yorkers—and, perhaps, reap a similar reward in fame and ducats. This we have not done, but sought the prominent facts in their un- eventful past, with what tradition has saved from oblivion.

The next event of public interest occurred March 6th, 1826, when petition was pre- sented, signed by a number of citizens of Zanes- ville and Salt Creek townships, setting fo-fth that they labor under many difficulties and disadvan- tages in consequence of the distance they have to go to elections, and praying that a township may be struck off from part of Zanesville and Salt Creek townships ; and the Commissioners, believing the same necessary for the convenience of the inhabitants and township officers, do hereby order a new township, to be struck off, accord- ing to the following boundaries :

"Beginning at the northeast corner of section six, township twelve, range thirteen, on what is known as the "Military or Base line ; thence west to a point where said Military line intersects the corporation of the city of Zanesville ; thence south, to the southwest corner of section seven, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence west to the Muskingum river ; thence down said river, with the meanderings thereof, to the southwest

corner of section thirty-two, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence east to the southeast corner of said section thirty-two ; thence north to the northeast corner of section twenty-nine, township twelve, range thirteen ; thence west to the northwest corner of said section twenty-nine ; thence north to the place of beginning," and, ac- cording to the language used in the Commis- sioners' journal, "which shall constitute a new township, to be called Wayne township."

"Also, ordered that an election be held at the house of Joseph Dixon, on Monday, the third day of April, 1826, to elect a sufficient number of officers for said township according to law, of which three notices were issued, and given to George W. Gibbons, for publication.

Topographically.—Few townships in this part of Ohio have a more pleasing variety in appear- ance, or a more varied and excellent adaptation to agriculture, horticulture, and vegetable garden- ing. The surface is undulating, with a clay soil on the uplands, and the extensive bottom lands in the vicinity of streams, composed of rich sandy loam, invite the market gardener to them as a paradise for producing most appetizing vegeth- bles, which many have extensively engaged in.

Wheat, corn, oats, rye, buckwheat, clover and timothy are grown with success in many parts of the township, and seldom fail for lack of moisture, as the region is well watered.

The largest stream, traversing a considerable part of the township, is Salt Creek, which courses in a southeasterly direction and empties into the Muskingum river. This creek has several tributaries that rise in the central portion of the township, flowing eastwardly into it. "Indian Run" is the largest and most southerly. There are numerous smaller streams in the western part that empty into the Muskingum river. "Flat Run" rises in the north, courses through sections three, four and eight, and runs southward, and through section fifteen into the river.

Coal of good bituminous quality, is found in layers ranging from three to six feet thick, in several localities. In the northwestern portion of the township, a variety of coal known in this region as "White ash," about three feet in the layer, is found, and is regarded by many as very superior coal.

Some iron ore is found also, but no effort to ascertain its quality or quantity.

The first road surveyed through this township was from Zanesville to McConnelsville, along the river, prior to the organization of Wayne township.

In pursuing the historic narrative, we have found the chronological order of events to serve the reader best, and hence, to begin at the beginning, the migration from Marietta to this region in quest of salt, reveals the singular fact that, notwithstanding this region was visited by that party in 1796, the first white man settled in this township in 1862, probably on account of fear of the Indians, which was dispelled soon after the establishment of the Trading Post at Zanes- ville had been felt as a civilizing power.

The earliest account of salt making is intro- duced in this wise : The early settlers in the vicinity of Marietta suffered great inconvenience from want of salt, and it was not until they were informed by a man who had been a prisoner among the Indians in the Muskingum Valley, being released, came back some time in August, 1795, informed the white people that salt was to be found in the valley, whereupon a party started out to explore for the salt water, and after being absent about a week, returned with about a gallon of salt, made by themselves, in a camp kettle. Accordingly, in 1796, a company was formed, composed of fifty shareholders, who paid one dollar and fifty cents each, which sum enabled them to send to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, for twenty-four kettles for making salt. They were brought by water to Dimcan's Falls, and from there were conveyed on pack horses seven miles up Salt Creek to the springs they had found. They dug a well near the edge of the creek, down to the rock . Which formed the bed of the stream, and hiving cut a hollow sycamore tree, placed it in the well and embedded it on the rock bottom, The salt water soon came in copiously, when they obtained it by the old method of a sweep. The kettles being set up, twelve in a row, the work of boiling and making salt began. The kettles were housed by building a cabin over them. The company divided into classes of five men each, and kept the fires up day and night. Those who were not at the well .kettles were engaged in cutting and hauling wood. They succeeded in making about one hundred pounds of dark colored salt of inferior quality; which, owing to their need, was considered very acceptable. The cost of producing this salt, estimating the outlay of money and time, was more than antici- pated, so that after continued experiments during four years, the salt was found to cost three dol- lars per bushel, and the company dissolved.

The next effort was made in 1820, by Moses. Ayers, who erected salt works near Duncan's. Falls. He was measureably successful, although the works were abandoned after a few years.

In 1825, Martin Chandler erected salt works. at the -mouth of Salt Creek. but of this venture we have no data.

The first society of this denomination, in this township, was formed at the house of Lemuel Joseph, about the year 1867. The members were Lemuel Joseph, Celia Joseph, Andrew Mer- cer, Mary Mercer, Margaret Watts, John Mercer and Elizabeth Mercer.

The society continued to meet at the house of Lemuel Joseph until about 1822, when a hewed log house, 36x30, was built ; they worshiped in this house until 1E46, when it burned down ; the society then built a brick .church,48x38, at a cost

of about $1,000. They continue to occupy that church, and have now seventy-five members.

The first Sabbath School was organized at the school house (now known as District No. 2) about the year 1828, and had fifteen scholars in regular attendance.

The present Superintendent is C. Brookover. The school is now conducted in Fairview M. E. Church.

The foregoing records point to Lemuel Joseph as the leader and patron, and it accords with the wishes of those who hold his memory in grateful remembrance to State, albeit briefly, the prominent events in his life. He was born in Sussex county, New Jersey, in 1769, and in the course of human events yielded to the Goddess of Love, Miss Celia Smith, whom he married in Monongahela county, Virginia, and moved to this section in 1806, settling on a part of Section to, T. 12, R. 13. He lived a life of industry and Christian purity as a pioneer in the church he espoused, and died June 5th, 1830, aged sixty- one years. His son, Nathan,who was born here in 1807, is no doubt the oldest citizen of the township, and notwithstanding his ease of circumstances, manifests the inherited trait of industry, by working on his farm, and has, like his father, attained an enviable influence in the church and community. He has served the church as Circuit Steward for twenty years consecutively, and as a class leader thirty-five years, and as Superintendent of Sunday School a great many years.

There are others, of those days, who shared the trials of early settlement, we have no doubt, who might, with propriety, find a place in this record, but our gleaner, Colonel A. M. Huston, has not been able to acertain their names, and the incidents connected with them, to justitiy the effort at this time.

The first school house was erected on Brook-over's farm (section 9). This was not far from 1812 ; and like most buildings of that epoch, was built of round logs, with puncheon floor, clap-board roof, with a large fire-place in one end ; the lower part of the chimney, including The fire place, was built of stone, and the upper part of logs and sticks laid in clay, and daubed in the inside with the same material. The boys of the school cut the wood, and generally managed to cut and haul it on Saturdays, when they made the occasion one of frolic.

The furniture of school houses in those days was in keeping with the building, the benches and writing-desks being small trees split, hewed, and legs according to the height demanded ; the desks were generally attached to the wall, holes being bored in the logs, pegs driven in, and puncheons placed on them, affording a substantial desk for their purposes. The windOws were made by leaving out, or cutting out, a log, and pasting greased paper over the space thus left. The first teacher is supposed to have been William Harrick ; the next was John Ramey. About 1820, a school was taught by Thomas Thornburgh, in a house similar to that described above, located on the Scott farm. Since that date school houses and teachers have multiplied and kept pace with the advances of the age. There are three first-class new frame school houses, one in District number one, one in District number three, and one in District number eight. The others serve the purpose well, but are not quite so modern. The township is divided into eight common school Districts, and the schools are controlled by a board of managers, termed a Board of Education, and a Board of Directors in each District, organized under the State laws. The schools are kept during nine months of the year.

The first ground set apart for such use was given by Lemuel Joseph, and contained about half an acre, situated on the farm afterwards owned by Nathan Joseph (section ten) ; it was a family and neighborhood cemetery. Abraham Bell was the first person buried there, as appears from the year date on his tombstone, which is 1812.

A cemetery was located on the farm now owned by John Miller, in lot ten on the river tier, for family and neighborhood use. This place was donated, for the purpose, by Moses Ayers, about 1820. A burial ground, containing about two acres, near the village of Duncan's Falls, was set apart and donated by James Taylor, in 1825, and has recently been used more than the others.

The first Justice of the Peace, in what is now Wayne township, was Mathias Spangler, who is known to have served in that capacity in 1812 ; but we have found no record of his election or appointment. His son, Mathias Washington Spangler, was a Justice of the Peace in 1835, and many years after. The Spanglers settled on lands afterwards owned by the Deffinbaughs, in section eight.

The first post route was along the river road, from Zanesville to McConhelsville, started between 1820 and 1825. The postoffice was located at Byers & Wolf's store, near the mouth of Salt Creek.

The first mail carrier was James Larrison, who carried the mail through the township before a postoffice was established in the township. The first stage route was over the same route, in 1835, and was owned by a Mr. Hildebrand.

The first postmaster was Mr. Byers, of Byers & Wolf, at the mouth of Salt Creek.

The first saw mill was erected in 1834, at the mouth of Salt Creek, by Martin Chandler.

In 1838, Dugan and Bowen built a grist mill at Duncan's Falls. This mill is four stories high, and runs eight pair of buhrs. The entire structure, when finished, cost about seventy-five thousand dollars. It is now owned by John Miller, and does a good business.

Between 1820 and 1825, Messrs. Byers and Wolf had a store, near the mouth of Salt Creek, and as usual, in pioneer times, kept a little of everything.

I. S. Parkinson began to manufacture brick about the year 1825. He was followed soon after by General Herrick and Andrew Carns.

The attempt will not be made to show the state of mechanics in manufacturing implements for husbandry then, for the nomadic character of the pioneer was such, that when he settled for life, it was altogether likely he would be remote from the places where best instruments could be had. It is well, however, to say, that those were the days of wooden mould-boards for plows, and tree tops for harrows, and forked sticks for hay forks. These were improvised as occasion and opportunity enabled them, and according to the ingenuity and handicraft of the worker.

The " patent plow," with cast iron mould board, share and coulter, was not introduced to the farmer, in this region, until about 1825 ; this was known as the Woods patent, and it was some years later that harrow teeth and fork prongs were made of iron. The blacksmith was counted a skilled workman who could make these, and they were regarded as a luxury, many continuing to use the primitive implements.

The following recital appeared in the “Times," of Zanesville, over the noni, His- tory," and being found to accord with the gleanings of the writer of these pages, is given with this reminder : that before the Trading Post was inaugurated, in .1794, this adventurous spirit had found his way into the Moose-kingdom, and among the red men, whom he knew only roamed where animals, valuable for food and furs, espe- cially the latter, were to be found. His bravery was wOrthy a nobler fate :

"About the year 1790, there came from Virginia a man by the name of Duncan, whose occupation was .to hunt wild game, either with a gun or traps. He was a man who desired to be secluded and alone, and to be permittted to carry out this plan he came to the vicinity of the falls of the Muskingum river, nine miles below Zanesville, before that locality was inhabited by any white people. The Indians had one or two villages near by, and for a time Duncan carried on a little trade or barter with them, and was friendly. This continued for, perhaps, tour years, when he discovered his traps had been meddled with, and some of his game stolen. This so enraged him that he resolved to watch and see, if possible, who the guilty party was, when he discovered an Indian taking game from his traps. Whereupon he shot the thief. He continued to watch for some months, and made it a point to shoot all Indians who meddled with his rights. He found it necessary to keep himself concealed from them. They were enraged, and sought an opportunity to capture him. On some occasions, when they/shot him with their arrows, they did not seem to injure him. They began to conclude he was greater than ordinary human beings.

“Duncan's place of abode was unknown to them, and when, sometimes, they saw him on one side of the river, and again on the other side, they watched to see how he crossed, and could find neither skiff or boat. This was a great mystery, and baffled them for a long time. Finally, they discovered he crossed the river on the falls with a stout long pole, and his manner of crossing was to skip from rock to rock with the aid of the pole, or lay it down from one rock to another, where the water was deep, and walk over ; then move the pole, and so get across. This he did generally in the night season. On the fatal night, two parties of the bravest Indian warriors lying in ambush watching for him, saw him, equipped with his gun and pole, leap lightly from rock to rock till he approached the main channel. Here he placed his pole, one end on each side of the channel, and had passed half way over, when a volley from the Indians struck him, and he fell dead in the middle of the river. Next day his body was found about one-half mile below, on a gravelly ripple. This point was given the name of "Dead Man's Ripple," from the fact that the dead body of Duncan was found on it, and the falls of the river at that place were called Duncan's Falls,' because it was there that Duncan fell.

"After the death of Duncan his habitation was discovered to be a cave, or dug-out, where he retired for rest and concealment from the Indians. This was situated about one-half mile below the falls of the river, on the west side, and is now on an island between the Falls and the canal. Some years after the country. in that locality was inhabited by the white people, a gun was found, plowed up near where Duncan's cave was. This was afterwards brought to Mr. Brelsford, a gunsmith now residing in the ,Ninth Ward of Zanesville, who cut the barrel off to make it shorter, and took from it a load of powder that had perhaps been put there by Mr. Duncan. The stock of the gun was worthless, but the barrel being good, Mr. Brelsford cleaned it up and put it on a new stock. The gun is now owned by Col. Z. M. Chandler, of the Ninth Ward, who, no doubt,

prizes it very highly, on account of its having been the property of Mr. Duncan, as well as for its antiquity,"

This place, for a time, had a legendary and more than ordinary interest imparted to it by the tragic fate of the man whose name its bearsDuncan, the intrepid hunter. When the twilight shades gathered o'er the cabin home, the grandsire hoary was wont to tell of his mysterious character and sad end. All that is probably authentic concerning him, however, has been given in another place, by a gleaner. That the same intuitions prompted the hunter to locate here that actuated the red men of the forest, is doubtless true. And when the game had disappeared, the white men who succeeded Duncan found that natural advantages invited them to enterprise. The pioneer of these was James Taylor, who opened a store at this point, not far from 1825. He was an energetic man, and moved first in every practical advance.

Alanson Holderidge erected his shop and forge " at the Falls," in 1828, and was followed soon after by Justice Depew, who lit the fire on his forge at the mouth of Salt creek.

The first tavern in the township was probably kept by Jacob Hall, in a small cabin near the present village, in 1830.

James Taylor established a ferry at the Falls in 1830 ; and the year following, the county built a free bridge. In 1832, or 1833, Mr. Taylor built a dam at the Falls, for the purpose of enticing millers there. In 1835, the State, realizing the importance of a dam at this point, caused the present superior structure to be built. And in 1838, Dugan and Bowen built a very fine four-story flour mill at the Falls, utilizing the Water power made by the dam. The mill was supplied with eight pairs of buhrs, and when Completed, cost about seventy-five thousand dollars.

The town of Duncan's Falls was laid out by James Taylor, in 1841. The population is about two hundred souls. There are now two general ' stores and one drug store in the town.

Hogs.—The first improved breed of hogs was the "Berkshire,- introduced by James Taylor, in 1833.

The Horse.—The first fine blooded horse was known as "Surprise," introduced by James Taylor, in 1827. Mr. Taylor was so enthused with the value of this horse, that he offered to buy all colts got by "Surprise," at the proper age, at twenty dollars each, or require the owner of the dam to pay him that sum for the service of the horse. The horse was very popular with the farmers. He, however, accumulated about one hundred "Surprise" colts.

The "Canadian Lion," a dark chestnut sorrel, was introduced in 1836, by James McGuire.

The Parkinson school house (now District No. 1), was built by voluntary subscription, in 1834. At the meeting held for this purpose, John S. Parkinson, Thomas Morris, George W. Gibbons, were elected School Directors, and instructed to collect and use the money subscribed in building a school house. John S. Parkinson gave one acre of land for the use of the school, and they soon had a neat brick building erected thereon ; this was the first brick school house in the township. This was taken down and a larger one built, in 1862, and in 1875 this was found too small, and a new one was built, a frame, well finished and furnished, and is probably the best kept school in the township.

Religious meetings were held in the Parkinson school house, when the building was finished, and Gilbert Blue, a local preacher of the M. E. Church, living in Zanesville, with Samuel Cox, also a local preacher, held meetings every two weeks. Mr. Blue being a carpenter, made a pulpit, and the first Sunday after the completion of the house, preached to a large audience. Mr. Cox preached in turn, and much interest was awakened—sometimes pastors of the various churches, from Zanesville, filled the pulpit. In 1840, a large congregation, composed of families of different denominations, was in attendance. It was practically a union effort, though not so called. The Parkinsons, Morrises, Corbins, Harpers, Gibbons, Deffenbaughs, Downerds, McMillins, McGinness, and Willeys, were among the attendants. Rev's. Courtney and Shepherdson held protracted meetings here in 1840 and 1841, resulting in many converts. Rev. Lensebaugh (Lutheran), held meetings during several weeks in 1860, and reported eighty converts. Rev. Hall (of the M. E. Church), held meetings in 1872, with very good results. After the Hammond meetings, in Zanesville, in 1877, meetings were held here, aided by the city pastors, with good results.

A Sunday school was organized here in 1841, with the late William Shultz as superintendent. This school has been a success from the start. Of those who helped to form this school, three remain, who have been with it from the beginning, viz. : Joshua Downerd, Samuel McGinness, and Sophia McGinness.

1878, and a Christian Temperance Union was formed, in which the late Mrs. M. J. Downerd was a zealous leader. The society owes much of its success to her efforts. Meetings are held every two weeks.

This organization was effected in 1836 ; Jacob C. Parkinson was Treasurer, and the following persons were members : Harvey Atkinson, John C. Atkinson, Richard Corbin, George Hous- ton, George E. Slocum, Alexander C. Lewis, James M. Lewis, Culbertson M. Hahn, Edward Parkinson, William Parkinson, John Gates, Moses Ennis, John Downerd, Samuel McGinness, John H. Gibbons, Joseph G. Gibbons, Thomas P. Dickerson. The records are in possession of Samuel McGinness. The society was kept up quite a number of years.

The Duncan's Falls Baptist Church was organized in Taylorsville, Muskingum County, Ohio, October 17, 1840, by a council of brethren invited from neighboring churches for that purpose, viz. : From Salt Creek, Parley Brown, Archibald Galbraith, and Abel Johnson ; from Zanesville, Thomas Male and Charles Grant ; from Zoar Church, William Hamrick, B. Y. Seigfried, and Michael White were also present. The council was organized by appointing Parley Brown, Moderator, and Abel Johnson, Clerk. The following seventeen brethren and sisters (sixteen of whom had letters of dismission from Salt Creek Church), presented themselves before the council, viz. : George Crane, Henry Sapp, James Crane, Samuel Harper, William Bolman. George Gander, Susan Comstock, Marcy Crane, Matilda Groves, Sarah Cuberly, Elizabeth Ann Gander,Rebecca Morris, Hannah Armstrong, Catharine Sapp, Elizabeth Bolman, Moses Masters, and Elizabeth Masters, giving their reasons why they believed a Baptist Church should be organized in the vicinity of Taylorsville. 'These reasons, with their articles of faith, being entirely satisfactory to the council, they were in the ordinary manner recognized as a regular Baptist Church.

At a subsequent meeting, the new church adopted the name of "Duncan's Falls Baptist Church."

At this time the church had no meeting house, but held their meetings a part of the time in a cooper shop, and at private houses, or wherever a convenient plaice could be found, but God was with them, and added to their number, from time to time, many precious souls. In the year 1841, the church resolved to make an effort to build a meeting house on the north side of the river, in the then opening village of Duncan's Falls, on a lot afterwards donated by Alvah Buckingham and lady.

The church met in their new meeting house for worship the first time, on the 9th day of March, 1844. Abel Johnson was the first pastor ; under his labors the church was gathered. The following ministers served the church at different times G. C. Sedwick, Kitchel, Sheppard, Emerson, Amerman, Hartford, Erwin, James, and Davies. During the intervals of these pastorates, the church was frequently supplied with preaching by other ministers.

The Duncan's Falls Church has struggled manfully ; many times cast down and discouraged, but never in despair, they persevered. The Holy Spirit visited them at different times, with precious revivals of religion, in which many were added to their number. Some noble men have been connected with this church ; men whose piety, liberality and consecrated lives in the cause of Christ endeared them to the church, while living, and now that they are gone to their reward, their memory is embalmed and cherish- ed in the hearts of those who survive them. Among the names of those, were Crane, Gander, Male, Comstock, and many whose names are doubtless in the Book of Life, but of whom no earthly record declares their deeds.

At the church meeting, held April 12th, 1845, the congregation agreed to organize a Sunday School. This was the first Sunday School in Duncan's Falk. The names of the Superintend- ent, offiters, and teachers, do not appear, however.

Among the last pastors of the church were Rev. G. Swamhort and Rev. J. Chambers.

The Presbyterian Church was erected in the town of Duncan's Falls in 1855. The Sunday School attached to this church has an attendance of thirty-five. Plummer Pierce is the Superin- tendent.

Anchor Lodge, F. and A. M., No. 283, was constituted April 24th, 1856, at Duncan's Falls, Ohio. The charter members were James D. Sturges, J. J. Cassell, Marquis Williamson, R.

The first officers were J. D. Sturges, W. M. J. J. Cassell, S. W. ; Marquis Williamson, J. W.

The present officers are as follows : J. D. Mer- cer, W. M. ; S. M. Rutledge, S. W. ; W. H. Bailey, J. W.

The present place of meeting is Duncan's Falls. The Lodge owns the building they occupy, and has no debts ; the financial status is good.

Among the zealous members of the Order— not excelled in any part of the country for their fidelity to the principles of our beloved Order— it is proper to mention James D. Sturges, the first Master, to whose zeal and contributions, of time and money, the Lodge is indebted, in a great-measure, for its existence. After getting the Lodge in good working order, Brother Sturges resigned the place he had filled so acceptably, and was succeeded by Brother John C. Wilhelm. To these two zealous brothers, Masonry owes much of its strength in this re- gion. No labor was too arduous or too trivial to be performed by either of them. [We tender thanks to J. C. Wilhelm and J. D. Mercer, for the foregoing data.]

This church was built at the Falls in the summer of 1862. The Sabbath School connected therewith, at this place, numbers thirty-five. Samuel Rutledge is the present Superintendent.

Some time in 1844, a Union Sabbath School was organized in the Parkinson school house, District number one, with about sixty scholars in average attendance. The present average attendance is about the same, and the Superintendent is James McBride.

September 1st, 1878, a Union Sabbath School was organized in the Story school house, District number three, with sixty-five scholars. I. T. Vest was the first Superintendent. The average attendance now is seventy-five scholars, and R. H. Galligher is Superintendent.

A literary society was organized at the Story school house, District number three, in 1878, at which time G. W. Lawhead was elected President', J. T. Story was chosen Secretary, and R. H. Galligher, Treasurer.

The society had a membership of about thirty. They continue in the cause, and hold meetings every week. They vary the exercises between .discussions and readings, and the result of their efforts has been very salutary.

The officers are chosen every three months. This course was adopted in order that a practical knowledge of conducting the meetings in a parliamentary manner might be divided among its Members. .

The officers at the time these notes were gleaned were as follows : G. W. Lawhead, President ; John McAtee, Secretary.

The military record for Wayne township, so far as relates to the War of 1812, is somewhat legendary—the papers not being preserved, and the memory of those who still tell stories of the Revolution being somewhat defective.

One — Cursen was an officer in the navy ; Mathias Spangler, Jr., Henry Spangler, Jacob Downerd, Jacob Spangler, William Lewis, John Kearns, and George Mercer, were soldiers. Jacob Spangler was a musician, and first a substitute, then a volunteer. J. S. Parkinson was pressed into the service, with his team, and taken to Northwestern Ohio, for service in the army under General Harrison. William Joseph was drafted, and procured a substitute in the person of James Williams.

A light infantry company was formed in this township, in 1840, and R. I. Peach was elected Captain, and Isaac Little, First Lieutenant. Their company musters were generally held in Taylorsville. Then, regimental muster was held at the place afterwards known as Camp Goddard, near Zanesville. Colonel Curtis commanded the regiment, Dr. J. Watkins, of Fultonham, was Brigadier General, and C. C. Goddard, of Zanesville, was Major General.

J. T. Story was the first citizen of this township to enlist in the War of the Rebellion. This was immediately after he heard of the firing on Sumter. He joined Captain J. C. Hazlett's (Company H) three months' men, and, in October, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, Seventy-eighth 0. V. I., and was commissioned Second Lieutenant, and, in December, following, was promoted to the Captaincy.

Joseph Peach was Captain of Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-second 0. V. I., and, October l0th, 1862, was promoted to Major.

Charles H. Fox enlisted as a private, in the Third 0. V. I.—three months' service--and was appointed Orderly Sergeant of the company ; and was elected Captain of Company E, of the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth 0. V. I., May 9th, 1864—one hundred days' service. Thomas Fox enlisted in the First 0. V. I., three months' service ; re-enlisted, in' Company D, Seventy-eighth 0. V. I., in November, 1861, and re-enlisted as a veteran, in the same regiment, in January, 1864.

Joseph Atchison was a private in Company H, First 0. V. I., three months' service. Henry Smith and W. E. Atwell were in the same company, at the same time ; David Mercer, also, was the first volunteer, from this township, killed. This occurred at the battle of Vienna, Virginia, June 21, 1861.

M. H. Carter was Second Lieutenant of Company E, One Hundred and Fifty-ninth 0. V. I., one hundred days' service.

R. H. Galligher was First Sergeant of Company E, One Hundred and Fifty-ninth 0. V. I.,- one hundred days' service.

Joshua Downer (a substitute), of Company E, Seventy-eighth Regiment 0, V. I., was elected First-Lieutenant, and had charge of Company C., and then as Captain Of Fifth Heavy Artillery for a year.

C. H. Galligher was in the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Regiment 0. V. I., one hundred days' service.

Peter Cashbaugh, and John Durant, were in the service, but nothing more is known of them.

H. S. Harding, a Lieutenant, promoted to be Captain of Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment 0. V. 1., October to, 1862.

Joseph E. Jones was in the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Regiment 0. V. I., one hundred days' service.

G. W. Lawhead was in the Ninety-fifth Regiment 0. V. I., one hundred days' service.

R. G. Story was in the One Hundred and Fifty-nineth Regiment, 0. V. I., one hundred days' service.

Isaac C. Story, in September, 1862, with others, went to head John Morgan off from Cincinnati.

D. H. Danhauer, a Sergeant in the One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment O. V. I., was promoted to Adjutant.

George Roll, Second Corporal, One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment O. V. I., wounded; Frank Swope, Sixth Corporal, wounded ; William Miller, Seventh ,Corporal, wounded, and Elisha Peairs, Eighth Corporal, wounded.

Of the members of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment O. V. I., the privates were : John S. Brenholts, Newton Cochrel, John Donahue (wounded), John Gibbons, Henry Hartman, Harrison Kent, Richard I. Peach (wounded), John Smith, Lycurgus Sites, Peter Trost, Joseph Williamson. Geo. W. Maxler, Charles F. Willey (wounded).

The following section was taken on the land of Nathan Joseph, section ten, Wayne township :

Feet

Inches

1. Shale

2. Sandy bituminous shale

3. Coal

4. Clay

5. Coal

6. Clay

7. Limestone

The following geological section was seen on the land of Wm. Dunn, section six, Wayne township :

Fee

Inches

1. Limestone not measured

2. Not exposed

3. Coal blossorn

4. White clay

5. Coarse crumbling sandstone

6. Coal

7. Clay

8. Coal

3. Clay

10. Limestone

11. Clay

12. Finely laminated sandstone

13. Shale

14. Bituminous shale and coal

15. Shale

16. Compact sandstone

In section 9, in this township, the blossom of the Alexander coal was seen on the road to Chandlersville, .with the usual limestone below it. This limestone contains a few fossils. No good openings were found at this point for the measurement of coal. In section fo, the coal shows a fine development.

In section 7, in this township, the blossom of the Alexander coal was also seen, with the limestone below it.

The section taken about a mile and a half southeast of Zanesville, in what is called Salt Gum Hollow, is omitted as unimportant.—[Geological Report, 1873, volume I, pp. 331-2.1